Digitized by Microsoft^ (locneU UtfioecBttg Htbratg Jt^aca. Ktm iork BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF HENRY W. SAGE 1891 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The date shows when this volume was taken. To renew this book copy , the call No. and give to the libi^arian. ....^, HOME USE RULES AU Books subject to recall All borrowers must regis- ter in the library to borrow '^' books for home use. rewA9S wj ' All books mu?t be re- in I *W* '^^H ®* turned at end of college *On SUaaWIlN IIVI* year for inspection and ■*■ repairs. , — 1- Limited books must be "returned within the four ^ek limit and not renewed. Btudents must return all _^^ _ books before leaving tbwn. Officers should arrange for „...'.. the return of books wanted during their absence from town. Volumes of periodicals and of pamphlets are held in the library as much as I>osstble. For special pur- .„„^ poses they are given out for y u limited time. Borrowers should not use their library privileges for ; the benefit of other persons. ; Books of special value and gift books, when the ^. giver wishes it, are not allowed to circulate. Readers are asked tore- port air cases of books marked or mutilated. Do not deface boobs by marks and writing. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® '■"mr: Digitized by Microsoft® History of the Parish of Buxhall, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® This book was digitized by Microsoft Corporation in cooperation witli Cornell University Libraries, 2007. You may use and print this copy in limited quantity for your personal purposes, but may not distribute or provide access to it (or modified or partial versions of it) for revenue-generating or other commercial purposes. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® c:c. lii^i-f::c *r >' _^'M Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ,<(*t< ■.V '■:/'-' ^->*- If-f- ' .Vf ■.../- if*' -<:^' '' '^^''■^"', «i. ^w^|■^.w , -■r-.Si-'-#?fi; '' - i'.^-4^t■'^■#^-^'--.-•- : ■ -^^ n- 111 :„ _ :t j^k. j" . ■<«vi| -i-i^^fafcl I;., '■ ■"■' '4 ■#¥^4t; *■#*• •'.■■. . •' ' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® HISTORY OF THE PARISH OF BUXHALL IN THE I COUNTY OF SUFFOLK WITH TWENTY-FOUR FULL-PLATE ILLUSTRATIONS AND A LARGE PARISH MAP (CONTAINING ALL THE FIELD NAMES) SPECIALLY DRAWN FOR THE WORK W. A. ^PINGER, LL.D., F.S.A., F.R.S.A. Of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-Law, Professor of Law in the Owens College and Victoria University, and sometime President of the Bibliographical Society " Dear peaceful village ! though from thee My steps are wont to roam To distant scenes o'er earth and sea, Thu only art my home ; In thee alone my treasure lies — My all of joy beneath the skies ! " Tie Yoxford Poet varied. ../ LONDON H. SOTHERAN & CO., 140, STRAND 1902 m Digitizedisby MiC(Q^oft® 2Drticatet) TO HIS WIFE BY THE AUTHOR I) ,) Digitizeci by Mioro'^ft® PREFACE THE drawings in this work have been made by Mr. William Ayliffe, of Manchester, and the plates executed by Taylor, Garnett, Evans & Co., Limited, at the Manchester Guardian Printing Works. The Map, which has been specially drawn for the work, is from a survey made at the beginning of the last century, and the field names are mostly taken from the book accompanying this survey compiled at the same time, but many of the earlier field names derived from other sources have also been introduced. I have to thank my son, Harold Bernard Copinger, for the Index. W. A. COPINGER. Kersal Cell, Manchester, Jpril 12, 1902. Digitized by Microsoft® CONTENTS. CHAPTER. PAGE Introductory Itinerary ......... i I. The Parish — Descriptive and Historic . . . . .13 II. The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof . . . .44 III. The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords . . . . . . -77 IV. The Free Tenants of the Manor of Buxhall and their Holdings . . 132 v. The Copyhold Tenants of the Manor of Buxhall and their Holdings 148 VI. The Three other Manors in Buxhall .... 170 VII. Houses of Interest in the Parish . . . . . . .190 VIII. Early Wills, with Extracts relating to Property in the Parish IX. The Parish Registers from 1558 to 1700 .... Appendix. Court Roll of Buxhall Manor, 3 Edw. VI. Tr.\nslation of Court Roll, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary Index ......... VI 235 244 307 310 316 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. BuxHALL Church Map of Parish, with Field Names Interior of Church The Mill . The Post Office . BuxHALL Rectory . View in the Village COCKERELLS HaLL . Moat at Cockerells Hall Leffey Hall Fenn Hall Fasbourn Hall BuxHALL Vale The Lodge RiVETTS, or The Cottage The Maypole The Valley Coles Farm Hollybush . Park Farm The Butterfly Kennetts and the Blacksmith's Barkers — now Howes Farthings and Cleves, with Fryers at Rudlands .... Side Frontispiece PAGE 13 19 37 44 Tl 170 176 181 186 190 194 196 208 212 214 216 218 222 223 225 227 228 233 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. Allen, Mrs. Allen and Murray (E. G.) Andrews, Rev. L. W. H. Appleton, Edgar Grant. ASHER & Co. Betham, Rev. Canon, M.A. Bevan, a. Beckford. Board of Education, South Kensington. Brooks, Francis Augustus, M.D. Brown, Rev. J. Wilson D. BussELL, Rev. Dr. F. W. Carr, Wm. Casley, Henry Clement. Chetham Library, Manchester. Clayton, James. Clover, Charles P. CoBBOLD, Felix T. Cornish, J. E. Crosse, C. J. Ernest. De Caux, Wm. DoDD, Mead & Co. (3 Copies). Downing, Wm. Earle, Joseph Sim, F.S.A. Easton, Thomas O. Ellis, Mrs. Edward. Emmott, Prof. Geo. H. FirmaR, Walter. Freston, Thos. Westfaling. Gibbs, H. Martin. Gilbert and Sons. Gudgeons, Peecock, and Prentice. Guildhall Library, London. Harrison, W. E. Haslewood, Rev. F. G., LL.D., D.C.L. Hervey, Lord John. Hervey, Rev. S. H. A. Hill, Rev. H. Copinger (2 Copies). Holman, F. Wilson. Hovenden, Robert, F.S.A. Howe, Miss. Jarrold and Sons. KiLLMisTER, Geo. R. Layton, Rev. W. E. Leeds Public Free Library. Manchester Public Free Libraries. Macfarline-Grieve, Wm. Alex., M.A., F.S.A. Scot. Marshall, Geo. W., LL.D., F.S.A. (Rouge Croix). Methold, Thos. Tindal, K.C. New England Historic Genealogical Society. New York Historical Society. Olorenshaw, Rev. J. R. Ovey, Mrs. Isabella. Partridge, Charles, M.A. Patch ett, Alfred. Pettiward, R. J. Pitcher, W. N. Precious, J. Preston, Richard. Powell, E. Railton, Alex. B. Read and Barrett. Reform Club. Richer, Wm. Rivett-Carnac, Col., CLE., F.S.A., A.D.C. to the King. Rosy, A. G. Salmon, Nigel G. Sawyer, John. Scott, R. F. Sedgwick, S. G. Smith, E. T. Leeds. Stechert, G. E. Sotheran & Co. (10 Copies) Sotheran, Hy. Cecil. Spalding, J. T. Stearn, Thos. Stevens and Brown (3 Copies). Stevenson, Francis Seymour, U.P. Suffolk Institute of Arch.4jology. Wakerley, Arthur. Webster, Isaac. Wells, Eugene. Westwood, Arthur. WiGAN Free Public Library. Wightman, Arthur. Wild, Rev. E. J. Wilkinson, Wm. King, M.A. Wilson, James. Wiseman, Wm. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Fold out Digitized by IVIicrosoft® % Qv Q CONTRACTIONS. A. Acres. C. Close F. Field. L. Lay. M. Meadow. 0. Orchard P. Pasture. 1/ ^ ^ V Digitized by Microsoft® '»;; ,^: /I ?.CB'lA J W) 'Ifeaii'.-'j 1 W.1. V..-\ «^ A> y :-' 1 •'< »!* ^... ,;r3 YTF'UOD (IMA A p--' ■3 J t'' 3 A P' '\ •■%ri'/) ■y / / A .. a^hVO \ 'i Mn'^ii ''i i-vnA /DigitJz^ by Microsoft® V ' HISTORY OF THE PARISH OF BUXHALL Introductory Itinerary BY way of general introduction to the Parish, and in order to convey a sketch of its characteristic features, we propose making a perambulation confined to its roads, which may be easily followed on the Plan of the Parish intended to accompany the present work. During the course of our journey we will notify the several features of interest. The usual approach to the village of Buxhall is from the neighbouring railway station of Stowmarket through Great Finborough, and this course we follow. The first object in Buxhall which meets , the eye is situate at the extreme easterly end of the village and at the junction of the high road with the Finborough highway or road leading to Hitcham, and is " The Lodge " — a fitting name to find attached to the first house which presents itself on approaching, and indeed on entering, the Parish. The name in former days was " Bannels," and the property was held as a free tenement of the Manor in the time of Henry VIII. by John Warde, of Woolpit. At the back of the Lodge, and actually joining, but fronting to the road, are two cottages used in connection with the Lodge farm. Continuing in the course of the road to the village, we pass along what was formerly known as " Gardiner Street " and over Gardiner's Bridge, which portion of the road at one time had several houses on each side, all of which have, however, long since disappeared. On arriving at the top of the hill, at the junction of the road with that to Brettenham, stands a signpost on the site formerly occupied by the village stocks. From this point, looking in a westerly direction, can be obtained an excellent view through the trees of the east end of the beautiful old Parish Church and of the Rectory built in 1710 ; the latter probably displaying the humility of the pious Rector who endeavoured to erect a Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 History of the Parish of Buxhall personal dwelling-house calculated by contrast to bring out the venerable grandeur of the adjoining House of God. A little further on the right we come to the old residence of one branch of the ancient family of Sulyards, now known as the Maypole Farm, but formerly known as Maidwells, and on the left discern a row of cottages occupying the site of an ancient dwelling known as Kennetts in the time of Henry VIII., and then belonging to the Rycher family. Here too stands the old blacksmith's shop, renowned in days gone by (for it has existed for close on two centuries) for the excellent work turned out, and famous as the origin from which sprang one of the largest and most important ironworks established in the county of Suffolk. The road at this point, and up to the junction with Fen Street, is, or was formerly, known as Church Street. On quitting the blacksmith's, we gradually ascend, and the first object on the left is the village Post Office, near which, on the same side of the way, is a charming cottage quite in the old style of rustic beauty. The two houses were formerly in one holding, and were known as Barkers, having been so called as early as the twelfth year of Henry VIII., when the property was granted by the lord of the manor of Buxhall to Richard Revell, or Revitt, and his heirs. Proceeding yet further up the hill, on the left side of the way we pass two cottages overlooking the southern portion of the village in the direction of the Church. These two cottages occupy the site of an old residence known as " Fryers," which in the time of Henry VIII. was the dwelling of one Martin Recher, and was retained in the Recher family for a hundred years or so as copyholders of the Manor of Buxhall. Probably the name is a corruption of " Friars," from the house having been the residence of some monks who settled here in early times. This no doubt accounts for its having been erected not as all others about, fronting the road, but facing and looking on to the Church, for probably in those days nothing intervened between it and the Church. It will be remembered that an order of the Grey Friars came to Bury about 1256. They lived not in stately abbeys or in the luxury of monastic grandeur, but resided among the people of whom they formed a part, though retiring occasionally to central establishments for spiritual refreshment and recuperative power. Fryers was not unlikely the tenement which William de Amaville and Milholdis his wife gave to the Abbey of St. John's, Colchester. Immediately behind Fryers, and at the corner where the road turns at right angles in a westerly direction, stands what was lately the Parish Room and Village Library, occupying what was once the site of two messuages anciently known as " Farthings " and " Cleves," which in the time of Henry VIII. were held as free Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Introductory Itinerary tenements of the Manor by the Cages, and later by the Salters, a family which flourished In Buxhall for several centuries. The road is also continued in a northerly direction and is then known as Fen Street, and leads to Buxhall Vale. This road, however, we will not pursue at present, but follow that which passes off to the west from the Stowmarket road. This continues in a circuitous course for some distance fairly level^ passing on the left the elaborate and well ordered workshops of the highly esteemed Mr. John Sawyer, contractor and builder ; and still further, on the left, a group of four picturesque cottages of more modern type than those which have heretofore met our view, two on the main road and two round the corner bordering a footpath leading to the Church. A few yards further, on the right, we come to two separate dwellings, one known as Bennetts and the other as HIghams, the first of which was in the time of Henry VIII. held as a free tenement of the Manor by the Bacon family and later by the Martins ; and the latter was also in ancient times held free of the Manor, and was in the time of Queen Mary owned by George Salter. These two dwellings are now occupied as five tenements by Messrs. Durrant, Castel, Frost, and Harry and John Sawyer. Immediately after passing HIghams, and on the same side of the way, our eyes rest on the picturesque place where not long since resided Miss Mary Hill, the only daughter of a former Rector, Coplnger Hill. It has for some time been known as " The Cottage," but in the time of Queen Elizabeth was known as "Revltts," no doubt by reason of one of this ancient and honourable family, some time lords of the Manors of Rattlesden, Wood Hall, and Fenn Hall, having resided here. In the latter part of Elizabeth's reign the house was known as Windishes, or Wymhysshes, and was the residence of the Martin family from that time to the beginning of the eighteenth century. The quaint old rooms within are worthy of inspection, and the loving care which the late Miss Hill extended to the grounds and surroundings in her day rendered a passing glance a look of pleasure. From this house there Is a fine view over the old lawn (occasionally used as the village cricket ground), the eye catching in the distance a glimpse of the famous old walnut-trees which stand in the " Old Hall Meadow " and the " Old Orchard " at the westerly end of the Parish Church. Continuing our course along the road shortly after leaving " Revitts," there is a slight declivity, and at the bottom, on the right, we pass the old well used by the cottagers in this district. It is prettily backed by a small plantation. The beauty of the spot has, however, passed away, for the local Council have recently fenced off the well with corrugated and galvanised iron palings such as is often used Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 4 History of the Parish of Buxhall for roofing. It is said that Corporations are bodies without souls — this perhaps accounts for their lack of the artistic sentiment ! From this point in the road, there is a gradual rise, and almost immediately after leaving the well we pass on the left two cottages occupying the site of one erected in 1635 by John Wade on the waste of the Manor ; and further, on the same side, the Crown Inn, the only house of public resort in which the village rejoices. Not unlikely this wayside inn may before long develop into something more imposing, as it stands not far from a celebrated chalybeate spring, once the resort of pilgrims and seekers after health, but which has been practically lost sight of during the last three-score years. The water has been conducted through pipes to the Buxhall fish-ponds. Shortly after passing the necessary complement of a popular village — that is, if we do so without staying too long within admiring its interior and testing its resources — we catch a glimpse on the left of the Buxhall Mill — the "half-mill" of the Domesday Survey now blooming as a whole one — and, continuing on the Rattlesden road, commence to descend, midway passing a couple of woebegone cottages of dejected mien, and near the foot of the hill catch sight, on the right, ot the ancient dwelling (now occupied as two tenements) called Cates Coates, copyhold of the Manor and held by Mr. William Richer, of Rattlesden, in which dwelling resided in the reign of Henry VIII. one Clemens Warren. At this point of the road we start up a slight incline, and near the summit, stiil on the right, come to the barns and outhouses occupied in connection with the Hollybush Farm. These stand on the site of a residence in early times known as " Barons," which occupied the plot at the junction of the main road with the way running in a northerly direction therefrom known as Barons Lane. This house, which was burnt down many years ago, belonged to William Copinger and was left by his will in 1436 to his brother John Copinger, and formed part of the demesne land until 4 Edward VI., when it was granted by the lord of the manor, 30th September, to Robert Rydnel, and remained in that family till 1650, when it was sold to Thomasyne Copinger and was merged again in the demesne lands. It now, however, forms part of the Hollybush property, which comprises the farm a few yards beyond. This farm was formerly known as " Gunnels " or " Waspe Hall," and for many years was held with the Cockerells Hall Estate. About a quarter of a mile beyond, on the left, we arrive at the entrance gates to Cockerells Hall, the ancient Manor House of the Cockerells, subsequently of the Veseys, later of Gregory Copinger, the last High Sheriff of the joint counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, and now the property of the writer. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Introductory Itinerary 5 A few hundred yards beyond these entrance gates we arrive at the boundary of the parish and its junction with the parish of Rattlesden. There are three main roads, striking off to the left almost at right angles from the road we have just traversed, and these we will consider in detail, beginning with that which runs off or is in one sense a continuation of the main road at the point where it enters the parish, namely, at " The Lodge." This was anciently known as Hygh Street, and is now known as the Finborough high road, being the main road to Hitcham. For some distance down this road the land on the right is mostly in the parish of- Buxhall and that on the left is almost exclusively in that of Great Finborough. A little way down on the right formerly stood an edifice known as Costards, but this has entirely disappeared. About a hundred yards or so down the same road we come to the Almshouses, two small cottages used as the residence of ladies who have arrived at an age to which ladies in higher circles never admittedly attain and who have not been provided with this world's goods In an excessive degree. These old ladies have the advantage of residing on the borders of two estates, and consequently enjoy the privilege of being tenderly cared for by the female visitants of both. It should be mentioned that there existeth a tradition handed down from a time whence the memory of man runneth not to the contrary, as the legal phrase goes, that no inhabitant of the parish of Buxhall has ever experienced the necessity of seeking refuge and protection in those spacious dwellings provided by the piety and enforced charity of a united district. These two cottages probably occupy the site of the tenement called Taylors in the time of Henry VIII., which was held of the Manor of Buxhall by knights' service, for which William Goodridge did fealty, July 22, 1554. The first road on the right-, almost at the extreme south-easterly limit of the Parish of Buxhall, touching the Finborough high road is a way leading to the Stone and the Butterfly Farms. This way is now known as Borough Lane, but in ancient times was known as a " way leading to ' Wards ' " or " to Mr. North's house." The road, as such, does not now actually lead much beyond the Stone Farm premises, but in former times evidently was continued up to the Butterfly or " Wards." Returning to the high road and proceeding thence in a southerly direction, we arrive at the road also running off" to the right known as Cogman's Lane. This is a winding lane connecting Fihborough high road with Broadbrook Street, and running as far as it lies in Buxhall between lands occupied with the Butterfly and those of the Park Farm. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 6 History of the Parish of Buxhall The second of the roads above mentioned as running off at right angles to the Stowmarket and Buxhall road is known as the Brettenham road. About one hundred yards down this road we pass on the right the main entrance to the Rectory, and yet further on one of the entrances to the Churchyard, and on the left a road, known as Broadbrook Street, leading to World's End ; that road will be subsequently described. Immediately after passing the Church lands we come to the Old Makings, standing in a prominent position on the right, almost on the road, and commanding a charming view of the country around. In this building recently the Courts of the Manor of Buxhall have been held. Not many yards beyond the Makings stands (also on the right) the Buxhall Estate Office, a model cottage erected after original designs of a former Rector, Copinger Hill, for which he obtained the Gold Medal or other prize of the Royal Agricultural Society for agricultural dwellings. The road continues in a westerly direction for some distance until it joins the road leading from the Mill to Brettenham. The last field on the right, immediately before such junction, is that provided for the village allotments, and in the south-westerly corner of this field stand two pretty little cottages, overlooking the Leffey meadows. The third road above mentioned as running off the Stowmarket and Buxhall high road, is known for some way as Mill Street, further on anciently as Spitleman's Street (probably after John Spetelman, who lived here in the time of Henry IV.), then as Crosse Street, ' and finally settles down to the more general name of the Brettenham Road. It runs on the westerly side of the Mill, the Primitive Methodist Chapel, and a certain group of cottages which have been erected on the westerly side of Buxhall Green, but so placed as not to interfere with the entrance from this road to the Green. The Mill Green must not be confused with Buxhall Green, anciently known as Buxhall Tye. The large field on the right, running up to the Buxhall and Rattlesden high road on the north, and to the road we are now traversing on the east, was formerly known as the Mill field, and at the extreme south- easterly corner, but in the adjoining field, stands the Village Board School, erected in 1877 for the accommodation of seventy-five children. About a quarter of a mile along this road, on the left, and running at right angles thence to Broadbrook Street near Fasbourn Hall, is Kiln Lane, at the junction of which with Brettenham Street stands on one side a fine old barn and on the other a large pond. Opposite to this, on the right, stands a quaint old house with a pump in front. This is the ancient Manor-house of Leffey Hall, which has seen many changes of ' So called after a member of the ancient family of Crosse. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Introductory Itinerary 7 ownership, having been the inheritance of the Weylands in the time of Edward I., and of Lord Burghersh, who lived at Onehouse in the time of Edward III., and having subsequently passed through the hands of Lord Despenser, Sir Robert Haughton, one of the Justices of the King's Bench in the time of James I., and later those of Sir Edward Hungerford and the Rychers, and being now owned by Mr. Lambert. On the southerly side of Leffey Hall runs a pretty little pathway known as the " Lovers' Walk," leading up to Cockerells Hall, and on the southerly boundary of this walk stands an ancient row of houses known as " Smythes, formerly Bradstret," so called after William Bradstret, who had this property in the time of Henry VIII., and whose family retained it until the 35 Elizabeth. It was copyhold of Buxhall Manor, and only enfranchised as recently as 1887. Adjoining this property, on the same side of the way, is a copyhold formerly known as Hawds, which was granted by Walter Copinger, the then lord of the Manor of Buxhall, to Henry Muskett, a member of an old family in these parts in the time of Henry VIII. On the left, a little further on, we pass a modern farmhouse known as " Mulletts," now belonging to Mr. J. H. Hammond, of Colchester, but occupied by Mr. Thomas Williams, and a little beyond, on the right, we observe two cottages, which are used in connection with Mulletts Farm. On the south of these, and running off from the Brettenham road in a westerly direction, is a road which leads into Mickerie Lane, a name now unhappily perverted into Misery Lane, but running north and south and conveniently dividing the Parish of Buxhall on the west from the Parish of Rattlesden on the east. This lane for nearly the whole of its length, so far as it is co-extensive with lands in Buxhall, forms the westerly boundary of the Cockerells Hall Estate. We now begin to descend a hill, passing on the left Whalebone Cottage, the pretty and neatly kept residence of Mr. Thomas Stearn, and half-way down the hill, on the right, a farm known as "Kemball's Farm," enshrouded with lofty trees and adorned with a pond, in a most charming position. Off the road about here, on the left, are certain copyholds, held of the Manor of Buxhall, with an interesting devolution of title. At the foot of the hill where a road branches off almost at right angles, is a field known as " the old Ponde field," which some three hundred years ago was held by the Duke of Norfolk as a free tenant of the Manor of Buxhall, and subse- quently by Sir Robert Houghton, one of the Chief Justices of the King's Bench ; and where the road turns in a westerly direction and on the right stands Noah's Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 8 History of the Parish of Buxhall Ark Farm. After proceeding some two or three hundred yards further on, this road again turns in a southerly direction and forms the boundary between the parishes of Buxhall and Brettenham, The only house before the end of the parish in this direction on the left is the Pye Hatch Farm, the property of the Kynge family in the time of Henry VIII., and later of the Kemballs, who held it till 1619. After passing through a succession of hands, it has rested finally in those of a purchaser from Mr. Gudgeon, of Stowmarket, who recently enfranchised, for this property was held as copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall. Immediately behind the farm last mentioned is the well-known wood called from very early times the " Pyes Hatch Wood," which though nearly two miles distant from the Buxhall Estate, has always formed part of it. We now return to the road leading in a southerly direction from the Brettenham road, and to which we have already referred as the road leading to World's End. This was in early times known as Wood Street, and later as Broad- brook Street. At the foot of the hill leading from the Church of Buxhall, and on the left, is a model cottage, having a neat and comfortable appearance, and on the same side, at the bottom of the hill, and just opposite the Valley Farm, stand two cottages, erected on land formerly part copyhold of the Manor and part freehold, whereon stood an edifice known in the time of Henry VII. as " Browys," but later more generally known as " Browns " or " Salters," which in the time of Henry VII. belonged to Isabella Glanvyle, and for some time belonged to Gregory Copinger, of Cockerells Hall. On the right, we pass the Valley Farm, formerly known as " Wallers," a considerable portion of which was at one time held by free tenants of the Manor, all now absorbed in the Buxhall Estate. It is at present the residence of Mr. Robert Williams, one of the churchwardens of the parish, as tenant of the Buxhall Estate. Continuing the course of this road, we pass on the right a house known as " Rudlands," so called after a family who held it in 1650 and subsequently. It is a quaint old dwelling of fine old oak, and was granted by Walter Copinger, 19 Henry VIII., to Andreas EUyce and Joan his wife, to be held as copyhold, but the land not having been originally customary, an attempt was made in the time of Elizabeth to confirm it. The confirmation was obviously bad, but the matter is not of importance, as about one hundred and fifty years ago it was again absorbed in the Buxhall Estate. The next house on the same side is Coles Farm. This ancient house is well worth inspection, the fine old oak beams and one remaining Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Introductory Itinerary 9 room of large dimensions revealing its former importance. It originally formed part of the old family estate of the Copingers, but one moiety, under the will of one of the Hills, passed into other hands for some years. It has gone under various names, being in the early part of the seventeenth century known as " Powells " and later as " Pelborowes." A little beyond Coles Farm, but on the left, we come to Cogmans Lane, already referred to, at the junction of which stand two cottages facing the main road. Their appearance is not such as to invite a continued stay, so passing on we conle in view on the right of the ancient mansion house ot the Copingers, known as Fasbourn Hall, leading up to which we discern a bridge spanning the fine moat, which at one time entirely surrounded this dwelling. The house is built of red brick, and obviously was in early days of much larger dimensions. When the foliage is not too thick an interesting mound, supposed to be a barrow of Danish origin, surmounted with lofty trees, may be seen from the road. The road here branches into two. That on the right, running in a winding direction until its junction with the Brettenham road, is the lane already mentioned as Kiln Lane. Immediately before entering oh it we perceive on the left a cottage of poor appearance which is now used in connection with Fasbourn Hall — usually occupied by the horseman employed there. Kiln Lane is of such a tortuous description that pedestrians desirous of arriving at one end from the other usually prefer to patronise a footpath running through the meadows — one of which rejoices in the sanguinary name of the Bloody Meadow so called on account of a fight between two harvesters with scythes, resulting in each cutting off the head of the other — such footpath enabling one to leave untrodden much of this eccentric winding lane. Not far from its junction with Brettenham Street, on the left, stands a small farm now the residence of Mr. William Williams. It is of modern construction and of no particular interest. The road on the left from Wood Street or Broadbrook Street runs for some way due south along the lands of the Park Farm, and from this point is known as World's End Lane. The Park Farm, formerly known as Hardhols or Hardheads, has from time immemorial formed part of the Buxhall estate of the Copingers, and in 1647 was occupied by Henry Reynolds, in 1681 by John Pilborowe, . and 1689 by Gregory Copinger of Cockerells Hall. In 1763 It passed under the name of Frosts, and was farmed by Mr. Bendal. The house is of considerable age, and the entrance Is by steps over a wall of about five feet high surrounding the house. Three ponds here, of various sizes on three different levels, are worthy of 3 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® lo History of the Parish of Buxhall notice. The road on leaving the lands of the Park Farm takes a south-easterly course for some two hundred yards. The second field on the right, known as " Petits Ley," is of interest as being the site of an ancient farmhouse known as " Petits," respecting which there was a dispute about 1690 between the Copingers and Sir Edward Ward, Lord Chief Baron ot the Exchequer. Almost immediately after passing Petits Ley the road takes a direct southerly course past the farms called Sweeps Hall and Pond Farm until it arrives at World's End Wood. Here it turns at right angles and runs in a westerly direction, forming the southerly boundary both of the World's End Wood and of the Pye Hatch Wood, a little beyond the latter joining the road from Buxhall to Brettenham already described. On the westerly side of World's End Wood, leading in a northerly direction from the road last described, is Cooper's Lane, which leads to Hivetree Farm and Churnmilk Farm. No road actually exists at the present day, but the course is perfectly clear, being represented by a meadow of the usual width of a country road with trees on each side, and the road, as such, is shown in a Map of the Parish made in 1800. A couple of small cottages stand near the spot where Cooper's Lane joins World's End Lane, and on the same road (if we may use the term, for it is somewhat broken here), nearer to Pye Hatch Wood, are one or two other smaller cottages. The only other road in the parish which has not been described is that known as Fen Street, running in a northerly direction from the village to Buxhall Vale. A little way down this road, on the left, stands the farm known as Brook Farm, and slightly further on, on the right. Purple Hill Farm. The latter is now occupied as two cottages, but in days gone by was a residence of some importance. It was known as Rysbye or Ryssebyes at the beginning of the sixteenth century, and was held by the Salters as a free tenement of the Manor, being held by service of one " Clavigariofile " per annum and suit of court. It was certainly for over a hundred years in the Salter family. After passing Purple Hill we descend, and on the left soon come in sight of Buxhall House, or The Vale, as it is now called, the property of Mr. Gerald Richard Garnham, but the present residence of the very popular Master of the Suffolk Fox Hounds— Mr. Eugene Wells. This property in the time of Henry VIII. belonged to the Salters, and subsequently to the Pilborowes, passing in the seventeenth century to the Goddard family, then to the Maltywards, and finally to the Garnhams. At Paines Bridge, which stands on this road opposite the Vale, this road passes out of the Parish into the Parish of Onehouse. A branch, however, near Little Digitized by IVIicrosoft^ Introductory Itinerary 1 1 Fenn Farm enters the Parish, and after running slightly in a northerly direction, IS divided into two branches ; one, running north past Deepwell Cottages, enters the Parish of Rattlesden, and the other, after running in a southerly direction then westerly and passing at the back of Fenn Hall, an ancient manorial residence, in the time of William the Conqueror belonging to Frodo, brother of Baldwin, Abbot of Bury, and later to the Revitts, now belonging to the Spinks family (the Manor being in Sir Joshua-Thelluson Rowley), joins Barons Lane, where it takes a course due south and finds exit in the Buxhall and Rattlesden road at the Hollybush Farm. Here we take leave of the reader to enter upon the " more serious portion of our work. " Oh ! in a spot so fair as this, Which Nature's heavenly hand Has painted for her bower of bliss, Her Eden of the land ; In this fair spot life's stream should glide One sweet, unchanged, unbroken tide." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER I The Parish, Descriptive and Historic NOTWITHSTANDING the importance and antiquity of the Parish of Buxhall, vying, so far as age is concerned, with the oldest portion of inhabitable land in the realm and the conservative principles which animate the heart of the writer, it is not proposed to follow the good old example of tracing the condition of the parish from the time of the Deluge, or even from the age of the Roman Visitation. Some have piously thought it absolutely necessary that the historian should arbitrarily descend from generals to particulars in this way, and that the orthodox mode of commencing the history of a hundred or of a parish is to start, say, with a dissertation of the original formation of the earth out of chaos, then by gradual steps approach to the historic period, and by a due system of development arrive at the history proper of Great Britain. After descending so far in the historic chain all is plain -sailing to our orthodox historian. The county at large is, of course, next to be treated, and then the hundred — all more and more in detail as one descends nearer the topic specially the subject of investigation. The very excellent, and one may fairly say exceptionally interesting. History of Stowmarket by the late Mr. Hollingsworth is a modified example of what is meant. Loder affords another illustration in his well-known History of Framlingham. He thus opens his eleventh chapter on the Parish Church ; " The solemn duties of Religion have been performed all along from the beginning of the World in places set apart for that Purpose : Adam in Paradise had where to present himself before God ; and his sons out of Paradise whither to bring their Sacrifices." These statements are supported by various references to Genesis, and we do not come to the particulars of Framlingham Church until we have been pleasantly but cautiously led through dissertations on the places of worship of the patriarchs, the groves of the heathen, the Tabernacle of the Jews, the first erection of Christian churches in other lands, and ultimately of their erection in this country. There is probably much to urge in favour of such system of reductive development. Still one with Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 14 History of the Parish of Buxhall unsympathetic eye can hardly feign to regard the system — the converse of the elephant standing on the tortoise — as somewhat analogous to the raising of a pyramid of stone for the support of a threepenny bit ! It would not be a just inference to deduce from what we have said that all extraneous consideration or investigation into what may have gone on in the neighbourhood should be excluded from the history of any particular place. On the contrary, we are prepared to admit that it is seldom the origin, life, rise, and development of any particular village, can be properly treated otherwise than in connection with at least its immediate surroundings ; for it must of necessity be influenced by the condition of its neighbouring towns and partake of their joys and sorrows. Few faults of the historian are so disastrous in their effect as the ignoring of outside interests and their influence on the production of any particular itesult. Buxhall is an interesting but somewhat scattered village in the hundred of Stow and county of Suffolk, three and a half miles west by south-west or Stowmarket station, on the Great Eastern Railway, twelve miles from Bury St. Edmunds, fifteen from Ipswich — the county town — and eighty-four miles from London. It is in the eastern division of the county, and in the diocese of Norwich, but for County Council purposes is in East Suffolk and the Combs division. It forms, in fact, with Combs, Finborough Magna, Finborough Parva, Onehouse, Harleston, and Shelland, the Combs division of the Stow Union (East Suffolk), and with Finborough Magna, Harleston, Onehouse, and Shelland, the Buxhall polling-station of the North-Western or Stowmarket division of the county for Parliamentary purposes, the place of election being Bury St. Edmunds. Buxhall is surrounded by six parishes. If one begins from the south and proceeds eastward, the adjacent parishes are Finborough, Onehouse, Shelland, Rattlesden, Brettenham, and Hitcham. The Parish contains 2 56o'093 acres of land, and the rateable value is ;^3,99i 15s. 6d. At the time of the Domesday Survey the population was 200 The increase has not been rapid, for in 1800 it had but a population of 385. In 181 1 the population was 415,' in 1821 457, in 1831 466, in 1841 533, in 1871 488, in 1881 476, in 1891 424, in 1 901 402. The number of houses in 1794 was 70. The majority of the houses and cottages forming the village are of picturesque design and well situated. They are mostly built of the clay of the neighbourhood and thatched with straw. Originally the mode of covering these dwellings seems to ' A note in the Parish Books says 412. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 15 have been by heaping on the roof sods or fern or heath, which apparently answered the purpose of keeping off the inclemencies of the weather ; but this mode gave place by degrees to the laying on of straw or haum in a more regular manner. The first refinements in roofing were shingles, which are very ancient. Tiles until recently, though commonly in use from the beginning of the sixteenth century, found no place on the roofs of the Buxhall cottages. Buxhall is called in Domesday Book Bukessalla-buresalla, from j5«r-bures, a Bower or dwelling and hala — healthy, or sal, the hall, the bower of health, or healthy hall.' Bukes-salla,^ the hall of flagons. The one meaning has reference to its elevated and salubrious situation, and the other to its hospitable owner. Buxhall is true to its name, for it is undoubtedly one of 'the most invigorating districts in the kingdom, as the remarkable age obtained by many of its inhabitants abundantly testifies. It is unquestionably one of the driest climates in this country, and the rainfall is exceptionally low. The frosts are severe, and the north-east winds in the spring are sharp and prevalent. " There is not perhaps," says Young, the the great agriculturist, " a county in England which contains a greater diversity of soil or more clearly discriminated than Suffolk." In Buxhall it is a strong loam on a clay-marl bottom. In ordinary phraseology the soil is often, but improperly, styled clay ; for analysis proves that it abounds with more sand than the texture would seem to imply, so that were it lying on a gravel, sand, or chalk, it would be called sandy loam ; but being on a retentive clay-marl bottom is properly, from its wetness, to be termed strong or clayey loam. It is in most parts highly productive, and in this parish has been grown the prize wheat of the county. On the score of health Mr. Hollingsworth, dealing with the Stow hundred generally, and writing on the subject under the record of 1600 to 161 8, says: " The air was considered in this neighbourhood and round Bury St. Edmunds to be so healthful, pure, and bracing, it was ' so purged and refined ' by the wind, and ' deemed so very apt and fit for recovery of health,' that physicians after an illness ordered their patients to come from other shires into these parts to restore their constitution. ' The wholesome sweetnesse of the aire ' attracted and kept here many gentry. This ancient testimony to the healthiness of this hundred and of the whole district between the town [of Stowmarket] and Bury may be proved by the experience of any invaUd now who is recovering from illness. The bracing refinement of the air has not changed in two centuries. Upon these qualities of the air ancient writers supposed the great fertility of this neighbourhood to have > See Wotton's "Short View," &c., G. Shelton, p. 136. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 6 History of the Parish of Buxhall depended. ' This shire being situated more eastward than diverse shires of this realme saluteth the gladsome spring, visiting these parts somewhat more tymely than in other western parts ; entertaineth the welcome summer, which with a most mild course lovingly nourisheth and kindly ripeneth all sorts of fruit to the end that the joyful harvest and collection of the earth's benefits may be in the best and fittest time, which is ordinarily finished some three weeks before St. Michael, unlesse some late years fall out. The winter, though it be often sharpe and enduring, yet is never so violent and stormy as in other places, by reason whereof all things bear the full of their natural and timely growth without any lett or hindrance of the same.' " ' One main stream or river passes through Buxhall. It rises in the neighbour- hood of Gedding, flows through Rattlesden, Buxhall, and Finborough on to Stow- market. It was formerly known as the Erewell or Orwell 2 — a name which has since been appropriated to it after its junction with the Gipping below Stowmarket. The stream or rivulet, for it is little more, is of interest as having at one time been actually navigable from Ipswich. As far back as the Norman Conquest this stream was navigable tor small vessels up to near Rattlesden, and much of the stone used in building the Abbey at Bury by Baldwin, the Abbot who died in 1097, was brought from Caen in Normandy to Ipswich, and thence by this river to Rattles- den, where it was landed and taken to Bury. The stream runs along a winding, marshy valley, about five miles in length, which connects Rattlesden with Stow. A little eastward, beyond Stowmarket, the Rattlesden stream meets the Gipping, and together they flow on to Ipswich. The fact of the Caen stone being brought by water to Rattlesden is mentioned by Lydgate, the well-known monk of Bury, who chronicled all the events of his own time and those preceding. He says : — 3 " In seyne and twentye wynters ye may seen A newe churche he dyd edifye, Ston brought from Kane out of Normandye By the se, and set up on the strande At Ratlysdene, and carried forth be lande." ' Reyce's Brcv. Jermyn MS., Brit. Mus. 8200, cited Hollingsworth's " History of Stowmaricet," p. 155. = See Inquisition at Ipswich, 5 Edw. III., Bacon's "Annals of Ipswich," p. 65. 3 MS. Brit. Mus., cited by Hollingsworth. In 1790 this stream between Stowmarket and Ipswich was made navigable for barges. It must be remembered that the former town stands 120 feet above the latter, Bury being 100 feet more above Stowmarket. The Act by which the communication by water was effected is the 30 Geo. III., c. 57, which constituted William Woollaston of Great Finborough, John Wenyeve of Brcttenham, Joshua Grigby the younger, of Drinkstone, Robert Walpole of Beighton, Esquires ; Henry Hill of Buxhall and Henry Jackson Close of Hitcham, Clerks, and their Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 17 The stream from Rattlesden as it passes through Buxhall is augmented by one sometimes known as the Bret, which flows from Fasbourn Hall, passes the Valley Farm, and winds prettily round the lower meadows of the Buxhall estate, dividing in some measure the parishes of Buxhall and Great Finborough. South of the course of the Orwell, and in the midst of the meadows just referred to are some exceedingly fine and very ancient fish-ponds, formed by a tiny affluent and main- tained by sluices. The Buxhall river yields some good fish, such, for instance, as the plaice {Lleden freck), the perch {Perc), the pike (Teukwyad), the roach {Rlyfell), the dace (Darsen goknbysg), the tench [Gwrachen, Isgretten), the eel (Llysowen). Pike have been taken at 22^ lbs., but small pike are, of course, more common. Perch and roach weighing 4 or 5 lbs., and eels of 5 lbs. and more, have been caught in the Buxhall stream. Fine views may be had from the Buxhall hills, for the surface of the ground throughout the parish is diversified with those gentle inequalities so pleasing to the eye. One of the most charming views can be obtained from the Malt House which stands on a prominent ridge and lays under tribute some of the most delightful scenery in the neighbourhood. The parish rejoices in the possession of some relics of antiquity — for instance, stocks, and is also comforted by the presence of a Dovecote, a Mill, and a Pound. Kitchin in his " Le Courte Leete " says that " every place that belongeth to the View of Frank-pledge, ought to have pillory and tumbrel to execute justice. And also in every town where there is a leet there shall be stocks, and for the lack of these the town shall forfeit 5/., and it is inquirable." The view of Frankpledge belonged to the Manor of Buxhall, or perhaps, rather, the lord of the manor had the franchise of view of Frankpledge, and therefore Buxhall should have had, according to Kitchin, pillory and tumbrel or the ducking-stool ; but we have not met with these in the village or heard of their existence in modern times. The Stocks were of iron, and were fixed until a few years ago to the sign- post standing at the junction of the Finborough to Rattlesden road and that leading to Brettenham. They were taken down when the last new signpost was successors, Trustees of the undertaking. Between Stowmarket and Ipswich there were fifteen locks, and the concern answered the expectations of the promoters, and was a financial success until the Eastern Counties, now the Great Eastern, Railway leased the concern for thirty-five years, and on the expiration of the lease declined to renew. The river has now fallen into disuse, and it is some years since any barge has come up so far as Stowmarket. 4 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 8 History of the Parish of Buxhall put up, and were recently in the possession of the late Rector of the parish. We meet in the Court Rolls with many references to these stocks. They were frequently requiring repair, which the Court decreed the inhabitants of the parish to effect under penalty. It does not appear, however, that they were extensively used, Buxhall apparently being a sober and godly parish, for many of the entries in the Court Rolls have a prefix to the requirement upon the parishioners to repair to the effect that the stocks had " fallen into decay." The Dovecote was, as is well known, a constant appendant, like a mill, to a manor, and the Buxhall Dovecote stands in a meadow part of the glebe not far from the Church and adjoining the Rectory garden — no doubt by reason of the fact that until recently the advowson was appurtenant to the manor. The Pound was formerly on the site now occupied by what is known as the Pound House or Cottage between the Church and the Valley Farm. A common pound belongs to a township, lordship, or village, and ought to be in every parish kept in repair by those who have done the repair time out of mind. The found overt, or open pound, is usually on the lord's waste, being provided for the use of himself and his tenants. Where this is the case it is called " the lord's pound," and has all the privileges of a common pound. For instance, if cattle are kept in the lord's pound no notice, is necessary to the owners to feed them ; but if put in any other open place notice has to be given. There are some interesting notices of the Pound in the Court Rolls. In 1607 Sir John Gilbert, one of the free tenants of the Manor, who lived at Finborough Hall, seems to have resisted the impounding of some of his horses. This is recorded in a Court held September 30th, 5 Jac. I., 1607 : — "The Jurors say upon their oath that five geldings of Sir John Gilberd knight and Sir William Forth Knight in Buxhall aforesaid some time since were taken by certain John Margerim and William Sowgate doing damage within the precincts of this manor and therefore within the park of the lord of this manor in Buxhall aforesaid were impounded until a certain John Marshe servant of the said John Gilberd against the laws of this Kingdom of England, about the twentieth day of this instant month of September, broke into the pound aforesaid, and those geldings from thence then took and carried away. "The said John Gilberd and William Forth or either of them making no satisfaction as yet for the damage aforesaid." The mill stands on the same site on which a mill is recorded as standing in the Domesday Survey, and its lofty wings may continuously be seen sweeping Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 19 through the air with stately majesty. There is an entry in the Court Rolls of the time of Edward VI. as to the Mill and the property immediately adjoining : — " 8 APRIL 5 EDWARD VJ. "At this court the lord as well to the fulfilling and performing of certain bargains and sales between him and a certain William Bert before made as in certain Indentures between them made bearing date the xv day of February now last past it doth appear, as of other covenants and agreements between them had covenanted and agreed before divers worthy persons in the aforesaid Indentures by name specified, granted out of his hands to the aforesaid William Berte all that his windmill with the houses and ponds to the said mill adjoining with all the rights appurtenances and equipments to the said mill in whatsoever manner belonging or appertaining and also one cottage and xviij acres of land lying more or less near to the mill aforesaid and to the said mill belonging as lying between the field of the lord called Melfelde now in farm of Henry Richardes on the east and the land of the lord in the bond tenure of Robert Osborne on the west, abutting towards the north upon Me mell strette ' and towards the south upon the Street leading towards the scite of the manor of Lefey, to hold to the aforesaid William Berte his heirs and assigns of the lord by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the manor from the feast of St. Michael the Archangel next ensuing upon condition however that the aforesaid William his heirs executors and assigns well and faithfully shall fulfil and observe all the covenants articles and agreements in the aforesaid Indentures specified which on [the behalf] of the said William are to be fulfilled and observed. And further upon condition that neither the aforesaid William nor his heirs or assigns henceforth shall let alienate or sell any parcel of the premises by itself, but may let sell or alienate the said mill and all and singular the premises at once and in the whole and not otherwise, so that no separation be thereof made and he shall give to the lord of fine after the death of tenants or for making alienation thereof only xxvj^ viij'', rendering therefor yearly .xxvj'* viij"* and he does suit at the General Court, to win: from three weeks to three weeks and other services therein due and he did fealty." The Mill, as also Millfield, twenty-six acres, was included in the Copinger family settlement of October 7, 1647. In days gone by Buxhall had, as all proper villages ought to have, a green. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 20 History of the Parish of Buxhall This was anciently known as Buxhall Tye. It is part of the lord's demesne, and the Court Rolls are very particular in specifying that it belongs exclusively to the lord. Thus we find at a Court held September 30th, i Mary, " that John Richar made trespass upon the separate soil of the lord called ' le Tye ' in Buxhall with a horse depastured there. Therefore in mercy iij'' and it is commanded to him no more so to do under penalty of xx"^." And again : " That Thomas Harlyng likewise made trespass upon the said separate soil of the lord called ' le Tye ' with a horse depastured there. Therefore in mercy iij'' and it is commanded to him no more so to do under penalty of xij'V Both Richar and Harlyng were fined at the same Court, and therefore it is somewhat strange that the penalty for a future offence should in the one case be 2od. and in the other only i2d. Later the Rector was fined for a like offence, for at another Court we find the following entry : " Also they [the jurors] say that Henry Todd Rector of the parish church of Buxall depastured the separate lands of the lord of this manor called 'le Tye' with his pigs and geese in trampling on and consuming the grass of the said lord. Therefore he is in mercy, &c. [he was fined iiij''], and it is commanded to him not to do so henceforth under penalty as above." At a Court, October 7th, 14 Eliz., it was presented "that Henry Sowgate and Thomas Salter unjustly dug up and took flagges in the separate soil of the lady called the Tye near the cemetary there to repair the common metes without leave. Therefore each of them in mercy iiij". And further they are commanded that henceforth they do not commit the like default under penalty that each of them who in that behalf oflf'ends shall forfeit to the lady iij' iiij''." In the 1 2th year of Elizabeth a licence was granted to Daniel Richer of a way over the Green. This was at a Court held April i8th, and the entry is: "To this Court comes Daniel Richer and prays leave of the lord 'to drive or lede ' his cattle upon the separate soil of the lord called ' le Tye' land parcel of the scite of the manor and the several road parcel of Melfeld as often as it shall please him, and to him it is granted upon the following condition, namely that a driver shall always ' drive or lede the same cattell over the seyd grouhdes and the same Cattell not to lye in the same waye and to paye to the lord fowre Capons yerelye for the yerely forme of the weye to drive or lede over the same in forme aforseid and the said Capons to be paid quarterlye videlt : at Mydesomer Michaelmas Christmas ' The words following are in English. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic . 2 1 and the Annunciation of oure Ladye, at every of the said feastes one Capone at the mancion howse of the lord called Fasbournes in Buxall, and for any defalt to be made in payment yerelye of the seyd Capons the seyd graunt of the seyd weye to be voyde." At the Court, April 14th, 26 Elizabeth, a bit of the green was allowed to Henry Sowgate for a cottage. The entry is : " At this Court the lord in person in Court of his own special grace and for divers causes and considerations him thereunto specially moving granted out of his hand to a certain Henry Sowgate half a rod' of land parcel of the Demesne of this manor called Tye green now separated by a hedge and ditch in Buxhall aforesaid with one Cottage newly built. And in full Court to him freely gave seisin by the rod to have and to hold the same unto the same Henry his heirs and assigns of the lord by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the Manor at the yearly rent of 12"* to the lord and other services and suit of Court," &c. In the first year of Jac. I. we find that the Rector of Buxhall was presented for playing bowls on this green. The entry is quaint, and we give it as it stands in the Rolls October 6th, " Cum p statut' in parhamento anno 33 Hen. VIII. c. 9 enactitat' fuit ut Anglicanis verbis sequnt' videlt' that noe manner of parson shall at any tyme playe at any bowle or bowles in open places out of his garden or orchard vnder the payne to forfeite for every tyme soe offendinge vj" viij"* pnf in eodem statute continet' Juratores p'dict psentant vltim' sup eorum sacrm q'd Georgius Dickenson dicus Johanes Jackson gen' Edwardus Studd Georgius Bemysh Ricardus Gilbard and Johanes Salter filius Johanes Salter seniorib' sup locum apperit in Buxhall p'dict vocat' Buxhall grene infra p'cinct huius lete diu'sa tempora hec anno ludebant et quibibt eorum ludebat cum globis anglice with bowles con't forman statut' p'dict." The Rev. George Dickenson was an old offender in this respect, for on the 14th of April, 26 Eliz., he and Robert Copinger had been fined for playing bowls within the precincts of the Leet. An investigation was made in 1619 of the early Rolls as to the rights of the lord of the manor not only to the green, but as to the wastes of the manor, and the record is on the Rolls of the Court, held that year June ist : "Ad hanc Cur' p'sentat est etiam per tot homagm p'dict' ut eidem homag' per diu'sos Rotlos Cur'huius man'ii in ista cur' in evidenc' ostend' per manifeste apparet : videlt Rotlos de 39. 32. 30. et 27 Edw. 3. Rot, de 14 R. 2, Rot. de 4 Henr' 7. Rot. de 23 et 26 Henr' 6 Rot. de 4. 2, 2, et 3 et 5 Phi, and Marie Rot. de 12, 14 and 35, Elizabeth, qd quedam pec' pasture iacen' prope et ex appoit' eccl'ie de Buxhall modo Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 2 History of the Parish of Buxhall vocat' Buxhall greene ex antique vocat' Buxhall tye et strat ex appoit' campis vocat millfeildes in Buxhall p'dict sunt et ex antique fuer' sep'ati soli et terr' lib'e din huius manij et q'd nuUus debet habere conivn' ibin cum overijs suis sine licentia diet' dm. p'sentant etiam homagin p'dict q'd omnes terr' vast' et comvn' anglice that all the waste growndes and coiiions infra p'cinct huius manij sunt comvnes et p'r' soli dm diet' man'ij : quas quidem p'sentaciones idem dn's mandat in Rotlis huius Cur' Jrrotlari," &c. The Green is about the centre of the parish, and in old time was, no doubt, the resort and delight of old and young, and a place for the gathering of the villagers on the summer evenings when the labour of the day was over — a spot where in days when reading was less common and newspapers rarely seen, the elders would converse and discuss the passing events in the busy world or current in their own more limited sphere, while the younger played and frolicked or danced before them. " How often have I blest the coming day, When toil remitting lent its turn to play, And all the village train, from labour free, Led up their sports beneath the spreading tree ! While many a pastime circled in the shade. The young contending, as the old surveyed ; And many a gambol froliclced o'er the ground. And sleights of art, and feats of strength went round ; And still, as each repeated pleasure tired, Succeeding sports the mirthful band inspired. The dancing pair that simply sought renown, By holding out to tire each other down ; The swain mistrustless of his smutted face. While secret laughter tittered round the place ; The bashful virgin's sidelong looks of love ; The matron's glance, that would those looks reprove ; These were thy charms, sweet village ! Sports like these, With sweet succession taught e'en toil to please ; These round thy bowers their cheerful influence shed. These were thy charms — but all these charms are fled." Some writers of recent years have represented the lot of the English villager in past times as a hard one, but the representation seems hardly justified by the facts. Great stress has been laid on the scanty amount of wages, while what he usually received in addition to wages, and the fact that the wages received went so much further in former days than now, if not actually overlooked, have not been Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 23 given sufficient weight to. Again, in days gone by a large amount of gaiety savoured the lives of our villagers. What have we now to compare with the sports and pastimes of the old village folk ? Where the May-day festivities, the harvest suppers, the fairs, the " ales," and other jovial gatherings ? Village life in past days was certainly not devoid of opportunities of enjoyment and recreation, and old social customs afforded diversity to the rustics of ancient days. Rarely do we now find village games and sports, except some energetic Rector or Curate inaugurates a cricket or a football club, or a club for bowls or quoits. Formerly every season of the year furnished its quota of gaiety in the way of holiday customs, many attended with quaint observances ; now the villager has to seek his enjoyment in the towns surrounding, or rest at home in dreary dulness. The change is not for the better, and there can be no doubt that everything tending to sweeten existence extracted from the life of the agricultural labourer is indirectly a loss to the whole community. • A writer has justly observed : " The social customs which formerly existed in each village, the sports and pastimes associated with the village green, the May Day festivals, and the Christmas carollings, were of great value, inasmuch as they tended to infuse some poetical feeling into the minds of the people, softened the rudeness of rustic manners, and gave the villagers simple pleasures which lightened their labours. They prevented them from growing hard, grasping, and discontented with their lot. They promoted good feeling between the farmers and their labourers. The customs of the town were a poor exchange for the ancient country manners and amusements : and it was a sad day for our country when the villagers lost their simplicity and the power of appreciating the primitive pleasures of rural England." Buxhall suffered with the rest of East Anglia in early days from the incursions of the Danes — -particularly as being a parish through which a river navigable from the sea to Rattlesden ran. It accordingly, more readily than more remote villages, paid the Dane Gelt, or the Danish levy imposed on the county for defensive operations. The amount of this tax is stated to have been in the following proportions in the hundred of Stow: Thornai or Stowmarket, ifd. ; Combs, 37d. ; Buxhall, 2 5d. ; Creeting, 3od. ; Haughley, lyd. ; Newton and Dagworth, 3od. ; Wetherden, 2 5d. ; Torstun, lod. ; Thorpe, 8d. ; Chilton hamlet, 8d. ; Onehouse, 6^d. The value of each silver penny as compared with money in these days may be taken to be about five shillings. The yearly tax on the hundred for protection against the Northerners would work out something like the following : — Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 24 History of the Parish of Buxhall Thorney Combs Buxhall Greeting Haughley... Newton and Dagworth Wetherden Torstun ... Thorpe ... Chilton ... Onehouse... Total £ s. d. ■•• 3 15 ... 9 s ... 6 5 ... 7 10 ... 4 5 7 10 ... 6 5 2 10 20 2 I 10 6 ... 52 15 6 In Saxon times, and immediately before the Norman Conquest, Ingelric, the proprietor of Finborough, held land in Buxhall, and Leswin Croc, another Saxon, had a good estate there. These holdings, however, formed but a small portion of the parish. The estate of Ingelric, by a grant of William the Conqueror to Count Eustace, passed from Saxon hands to Norman, and Croc's estate passed to Roger Pictaviensis. Frodo, brother of Baldwin, Abbot of Bury St. Edmunds, had also a considerable holding in the parish after the Norman invasion. At the time of the Conquest, as we learn from Domesday Book and other sources, Buxhall was estimated to be three miles long and two broad, and in it there were 40 free- holders [liberati homines), 3 slaves (servi), 19 cottagers {bordarii), 3 farmers {socmanni), 2 bondmaids [ancill^), 41 acres meadow (^ac. para(i), 815 acres' arable (carucat^e terrii), 107 acres doubtful {acr'i), 15 ploughs of oxen {caruca bovum), half a miU {mold), 57 hogs {^forci)^ 94 sheep {oves), 11 she-goats {capra), 2 oxen belonging to to the men {hoves hominum), and the Church of Buxhall is stated to be endowed with 30 acres of land. Mr. Hollingsworth is somewhat facetious over the boves hominum or men-oxen, as he terms them, of Buxhall. " What," he says, " can the ' It must be remembered that the number of acres is by computation only, for it was not till 31 Edward I. that the quantity of an acre was settled by law; and this is the reason that in this survey the village is represented as containing so small a number of acres. = There are three kinds of hogs mentioned in Domesday — hogs of pasture turned out in the day and brought in at night by the swineherd ; hogs of herbage fed in styes ; and wild hogs. The hogs here mentioned as in Buxhall are wild hogs or hogs of the wood, sometimes hunted for amusement. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 25 good people there have meant by these beasts ? They are only once or twice men- tioned in Suffolk elsewhere. Can they have been trained to the saddle, and did they thus take a ride for pleasure, or attend a hunt on their oxen ? I rather think this is the meaning of the term, and from its rarity that this was their em- ployment ? If so, the experiment did not succeed in displacing horses. They may have been trained to carry a litter for the great man's lady there, and this is an easy solution of the difficulty." The more probable explanation seem to be either that they were oxen belonging to the men, or men who drew the plough. The following is a translation of the entries in Domesday Book relating to the Parish : — LAND OF EARL EUSTACE. In Buxhall Ingelric held i carucate and a half of land. Always 7 bordars. Always 2 plough-teams in demesne. And 2 sochemen with 4 acres. And 8 acres of meadow. And i head of cattle. Then 30 sheep, now 40. Now 1 1 goats. Then and later valued at 40 shillings, now at 4 pounds. LANDS OF ROGER BIGOT. In Buxhall a freeman under Saint Etheldreda in King Edward's time by commendation only in the Qoc) jurisdiction of the hundred held 40 acres of land. Then and later i plough-team, now none. And 5 acres of meadow. Then and later valued at 20 shillings, now at 10. This (land) Roger received to make up the value of Baylham in another hundred. But the hundred never saw either writ or livery. LANDS OF ROGER DE POICTOU. Buxhall Leswin Croc held in King Edward's time 2 carucates of land. Always 4 bordars. Then 3 bondsmen, later and now none. Always 2 plough-teams in demesne. And 16 acres of meadow. Then half a mill.' Then 2 carthorses. One head of cattle. Then 53 hogs, now 16. Then 28 sheep, now 30. A church with 30 acres, and half an acre of meadow. Always valued at 60 shillings. He (Leswin Croc) had the soc and sac over the Hall and the bordars. And there were 7 freemen and a half under the said (Leswin) by commendation only in King Edward's ' The expression, " half a mill," may sound strange in the ears of some. It merely indicates that the mill was kept by more than one proprietor. The mill in the present case was probably owned and kept in repair by two proprietors at least for the convenience of their families and tenants. 5 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 26 History of the Parish of Buxhall time. The soc was in the hundred. And they had 37 acres. Then 2 plough- teams, later and now half a team. And i acre of meadow. Always valued at 10 shillings. And to this manor Norman, son of Tanred, added 3 freemen under the King by commendation and soc with 24 acres.' Then and later i plough-team, now a team of 2 oxen. And valued at 4od. LANDS OF FRODO, THE ABBOt's BROTHER. In Buxhall 25 freemen held 3 carucates of land and a half in the King's soc who (with their lands) were delivered to Frodo as a manor (containing) 3 carucates of land and a half. Always 5 bordars and a half. And in King Edward's time and later 7 plough-teams among them all, now 2 in demesne, and 3 of the vassals. And 10 acres of meadow. Then 2 carthorses, now i. Always 6 head of cattle. Now 22 hogs. Now 36 sheep. Then and later valued at 60 shillings, now at 100 shillings. It is a mile and a half and one mile broad. And whosoever holds there pays 2 5d. in gelt. The King and the Earl have the soc. LANDS OF SAINT ETHELDREDA. In Buxhall (are) i socheman with 10 acres of forfeited land, and i bordar with 5 acres. Valued at lod. LANDS OF WILLIAM DE WARENA. In Buxhall — Humfrey is tenant — Monulf the priest a (free) - man, by commendation under Saint Etheldreda in the King's soc (was tenant). And there was half a carucate of land and 30 acres. Now William holds by reason of the Lewes exchange. Then and later 2 bordars, now 7. Then and always i plough- team in demesne. Always 2 oxen belonging to the men. And 2 acres of meadow. In the same township 4 freemen under the said Monulf by commendation held 2 acres. Valued at 12 shillings. The lands of Roger de Poictou form the present Manor of Buxhall with part of the lands of Frodo. Another part of Frodo's lands compose the Manor of Fenn ' Mr. HoUingsworth, ever ready with an explanation, says " most probably he took them from his neighbours." Quite possible, but the difficulty is not to discover how he obtained, but with what object the so-called addition to the manor was made, seeing that no son of Tanred appears to have been seised at any time of any one of the four manors in the Parish of Buxhall. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 27 Hall, while the lands of Earl Eustace are those of Cockerells Hall, and those of William de Warena Leffey Manor. The Honor of Lancaster held, according to the Ipswich Great Domesday (Bk. VI.), one knight's fee in Buxhall and two knights' fees in Finborough. What the exact amount of the knight's fee, or feodum militare, was is doubtful. Generally it was so much land of inheritance as was regarded as sufficient to maintain a knight with suitable revenue, the value of which in the time of Henry III. was reckoned at ^15 per annum. By some it is supposed to have contained 8 carucates, or 680 acres, though some contained 800 acres. Dr. Cowel states that 5 hides made a knight's fee, 4 virgates a hide, and 24 acres a virgate, and consequently a knight's fee would be 480 acres. According to Blackstone the measure of a knight's fee in 3 Edward I. was estimated at twelve ploughlands. Selden denies that the knight's fee was a fixed amount of land, and contends that it was so much as the king was pleased to grant upon the condition of having the service of one knight. For every knight's fee, the knight was bound to attend the king in his wars for forty days in the year. Selden was not far wrong, and it may be taken for granted that the knight's fee was determined rather by rent and valuation (that held by an under-tenant consisting usually of an estate worth £20 a year) than any particular acreage, and certainly was not based on the " five hides " of the Anglo-Saxon system. The following are extracts from Records relating to land in Buxhall of an early date :— In iioi Godfrid, the son of Ellwand and his wife, gave to God and St. John of Stoke the tenth of Buxhall. In this gift his sons joined and confirmed the deed, for without this assent of the children as well as the permission of the king such gifts were not legal in those days. Rich. I. Magna assia int' Emmam de Cantelon et Adam Cokerell de terra de Bukeshall ponitur in respectum, &c.' Feoda honoris Bonon. Emma de Cantelon ij mil' in Smepetun' cum quodam membro de Pebeners in Essex', et Fineberg' et Buckesal' in SufF.2 Adam de Geddinge tenet quondam (.rzV) in Buckeshale qui fuit Eschaet' tempore Henr' Reg. patris Domine Reg' et prsefatus H. dedit eam Domui de Buttele et prasfatus Adam tenet eam de domo de Buttele ad feod' firmam pro v marc'. 3 ' Abbreviatio Placitorum, Rol. 15. ^ Testa de Ncvill, 273^ 3 Ibid., 295. Digitized by Microsoft® 2 8 History of the Parish of Buxhall Feoda milit' in com' SufF de quibus dn's Rex p'cipit scutagia cont' tnsfretac'oem suam i' Vascon'. Feodo de honore de Lancastr'. Rogerus le Esturmi de Ikene tenet unum feod' in Bukeshal' de eodem honore. i Willelmus le Esturmi tenet feoda ij milit' in Buckeshall' et in Ykene unde ante- cessores sui solebant facere servitium iij Milit' sed H. Rex pat' Domini Reg' condonavit servic' unius Milit' pro quadam piscar' in Oreford' quam Dominus Rex manu sua tenet.^ t. Henr. III. In the Abbreviatio Rotulorum Originalium. — SufF'. Willelmus Estiirmy fir et heres Rogeri Esturmy fee' R. fidelitatem de omnibus terris et tenementis que praedictus Rogerus pat' suus tenuit de R. in capite. Ro. 4. "Karled' R. reddit Henr' Esturmy fil' et heredi Galfr' Esturmy totam ballivam quam idem Galfr' tenuit in fFor' de Savernak." Ro. 4. 9 Hen. III. Rot. Pip. Scutagium de Muntgomery assess, ad ij marc. Will. Esturmi de let. iiij marc' de ij feod' que recognovit, et ij marc, de j. f. que non recognovit que tria feoda sunt in Botehall et Ikene in SufF. 3 28 Hen. III. Magister Radus de Rakelm, Bukkeshale, Heckham, et Breckenham libr' warren. William de Amaville and Micholdis, his wife gave two acres in Finebroge and a tenement in Buxhesale to the Abbey of St. John's Church, Colchester. 38 Hen. III. n. 23. Roger Esturmy, Buxhall Manor .4 I Edw. I. Adam fil' Roberti de Alneto dat per cartam suam Thome de Weyland Margarie uxori ejus et Ricardo filio suo omnes terras, &c., qua; ei accederent post mortem Edwardi fratris sui in Onhus, Ratlesden, Buckeshale et Wetherden habendum hered' dicti Ricardi quas dedit in excambio pro terris in Herthurst, Lansele et Brockelegh p. ut patet in carta excambii in hoc rotulo. contenta.5 Item, Adam dat Alicias quag fuit ux' Gilberti de Cotenham i mess' et omnia ten' &c., que accider' jure hereditario post mortem Edwardi fratis sui in Onhus, Ratlesden, Bucheshale et Wetherden habendum sibi et hered' suis.^ ' Testa de Nevill, 291. = Ibia., 295. 3 Harl. MSS., 971, 70. 4 Cat. Inquis. p. m., vol. i. p. 12. s Abbreviatio Placitorum, Rol. 30. * Ibid. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 29 I Edw. I. In the Patent Rolls of this date we find the following : — Appointment of Master R. de Seyton' to take the assize of novel disseisin arraigned by the abbat of Ramsey against Robert de Bradefeld and John his son, touching a tenement in Buxhall (^BaushuU) ; and 8 Edw. I. Appointment of Roger Loveday and Robert de Ludham to take the assize of novel disseisin arraigned by Alan de Mutford against John de Gedding and others, touching a tenement in Buxhall (Bukesal). 18 Edw. I. Margeria uxor Tho. de Weyland, qui adjuravit regnum pro felonia et Ricardus fil' ejus conjunctim tenent un' mess' 42 acr' terra; 4 acr. bos. 12 acr. pastur. 4 acr. forat. 3J-. Sd. redd, in Boxalle et Finebergh.i Rog' Com. de Clara confirmat mon' de Stoke inter al. ex dona Galfri' fil' Hamais et Ausgoti de Bukeshalla (Reg. de Stoke, p. 8, fol. 24), Decimi prascipiend' in villa de Buckeshall specificati {Ibid., p. 37, fol. 71). 33 Edw. I. Robertus Bardolf et Lora uxor ejus. Buxale et ali' in com. Suff'.^ 6 Edw. II. Ingham Belet et Lora uxor ejus Buxhale un' mess' iiij ac' terr' 54a. terr' 7 ac. bos., &c.3 17 Edw. II. Adomarus de Valencia Comes Pembroc' et Maria uxor ejus Buxhall dimid' feod' pertin' ad Kentwell Maner' Suff'.4 1 Edw. III. Thomas Comes de Lancastr'. Feoda militum dicti comitis. Iken et Buckshalle 2 feod' pro. Wm. Sturmyn.5 2 Edw. III. John Payte, et Dom. de Buxhall terr.' un, feod. mil' in Buxhall de Due. Lancastr. I Rich. II. Maria de Sancte Paulo comitiss' Pembroc'. Buxhall dimid' feod'. 14 Rich. II. David Strabolgi comes Athol'. Feoda. Buxhall dimid' feod' per William Tendringe. The Following are Extracts from the Feet of Fines, John to Edward iv. relating to Buxhall. 16 Edw. I. 25. Thomas de Weylaund and Margaret his wife and Richard their son V. Agnes del Punt in Buxhale and Fynebergh. ' Sparrow MSS. ^ Cal. Inquis. post mortem, i. 96. These other places were Shelland, Elmswell, Haughley, Finborough, and certain tenements in Rattlesden. 3 Ibid., p. 249. Other lands were in Shelland and one messuage and izo acres in Elmswell. 4 Cal. Inquis. p. m., i. 316. s I bid., ii. 9. Digitized by Microsoft® 30 History of the Parish of Buxhall 2 1 Edw. 1. 19. Geoffrey son of Lawrence Esturmy v. Geoffrey de Geddyng and Margaret his wife in Buxhale. 33 Edw. I. 31. Robert de Geddingg of Buxhale and Eufemia his wife v. Robert le Warde of Geddyng and Dionisia his wife in Buxhale. 9 Edw. II. 36. Robert Cokerel v. Adam de Ponte of Laxfeld in Buxhale (Robert and Thomas sons of Guido Cokerel appon clam). II Edw. II. 14. John de Aldeby and Cristiana his wife v. Robert le Heyward of Boxstede and Alice daughter of William le Bretoun of Buxhale, Boxstede, Somerton, and Glemesford. 7 Edw. III. II. Richard de Ikene, parson of the church of Ratlesden and Richard son of William de Bouk of Melton v. John son of Simon de Ratlesden in Ratlesden, Buxhale, Felsham, Geddyngg, Ryngishele, and Cretyngg. 18 Edw. III. 23. Henry Thurmod v. Peter de Alkwyk and John le Spencer in Ratlesden, Hecham, Brethenham and Buxhale. 30 Edw. III. 20. William Germye, chevalier, and Isabella his wife v. Geoffrey Faussebroun, parson of Buxhale church, and Thomas Cat, parson of Mosec (.'') church, in Capele, Bergholt, Benteleye, Copedok, Little Brenham, and Brenham Combusta. 30 Edw. III. 23. Roger Sturmyn v. John de Denham and Matilda his wife in Buxhale and Magna Fynberghwe, which Richard Walkefare, chevalier, held for life. 34 Edw. III. 8. Robert de Bures, chevalier, Richard Bakere of Wykhambrook, Richard Bresete, Geoffrey Fausebroun, parson of Buxhale church, Thomas Cat, parson of Okholt church, and John de Cakestrete of Fynbergh v. Thomas de Felton and Johanna his wife of the manor of Oldeneuton in Oldeneuton. 40 Edw. III. 29. Simon Badele and Richard Wylde v. John Ruly and Margaret his wife of the manor of Buxhale with appurtenances in Buxhale. 40 Edw. III. 31. Simon de Badele and John Austyn v. John de Ruly and Margaret his wife of the manor of Buxhale with appurtenances. 7 Rich. II. 35. William Copenger, chaplain, Roger Copenger, John Copenger, and Semanus Bretoun v. John Ruly and Margaret his wife in Buxhall. 8 Rich. II. 18. Isabella de Hedersete v. John Ruyley and Margaret his wife, of the manor of Buxhall with appurtenances in Buxhall and advowson of Buxhall church. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 31 12 Rich. II. 4. Robert Follce v. Roger Corde and Cristiana his wife in Buxhale. 17 Rich. II. 21. Robert Aldewyk and John Aldewyk v. Peter Aldewyk, of Ratlesden, and Johanna his wife in Shellone, Haule, Wetherden, Harleston, Buxhale, Carleton, Woolpit, and Onhous. 3 Hen. IV. 25. John Copangar and John Spetelman, tailor v. John Grene and Johanna his wife in Blaxhale (sic). 10 Hen. IV. 5. John Sprot, John Copynger, John Neketon, and John Buntyng v. John Frebrygge of Dedham and Margaret his wife in Buxhale. 20 Edw. IV. 16. John Tymperley, senior ^'. John Ive and Alice his wife and John Colby and Isabella his wife, daughter of John Ive and Alice of the Manor of Boyton in Fynbergh magna, Combys, Onehous, Stowemarket, Hecham, Buxhale, and Felsham. The Parish of Buxhall, which includes the four Manors of Buxhall, Cockerells Hall, Leifey Hall, and Fenn Hall, was the estate of Roger Sturmy, Robert Cockerell,- Richard Weyland, and John Tendring, 9 Edward I. Sturmy was Lord of Buxhall Manor, Cockerell of Cockerells Hall, and the other two, Weyland and Tendring, of Fenn HaU and Leffey Hall. Subsequently Leffey Hall became the property of Bartholomew, Lord Berghersh, who 23 Edward III. obtained a charter of Free Warren to himself and Cicely his wife, and their heirs, in all his demesne lands in this place, and divers others in this county and Norfolk. He left it so privileged to his daughter and heiress Elizabeth, wife of Edward de Spencer. He was not at any time seised of the Manor of Buxhall itself Blomefield in his History of Norfolk, says : " Sir Robert Houghton, Knt., Sergeant- at-law, and one of the Justices of the King's Bench, died seised of the Manors of Leffey, Buxhall, Brettenham, and Hecham in Suffolk and other cities, leaving Francis his son and heir, thirty years old, who died 1629, leaving his son and heir six years old, who entailed the said manors." Sir Robert Houghton, however, never was seised of the Manor of Buxhall, and it is evident Blomefield has made an error in transcrip- tion. He should have said, " Leffey in Buxhall." Sir Robert Houghton was in fact a free tenant in respect of certain premises of the Manor of Buxhall, and could not therefore have been its lord. Besides which he was, court after court, fined for not putting in an appearance, as the Court Rolls abundantly testify. Buxhall must have been an important centre in the time of the early Edwards, six centuries since, when the knightly family of Sturmy reigned at the parish Manor and Cockerells at Cockerells Hall, as was the case in the time of Edward Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 32 History of the Parish of Buxhall the First. A century later the same families still retained their ancient holdings, but the quality of the neighbourhood was augmented by the addition of Lord Berghersh, one of those twelve chivalrous noblemen to whom the Prince of Wales had been committed at the Battle of Cressy. He, though the lord of the Manor of Leffey, lived at the Old Hall of Onehouse, which he erected at that time. It is supposed that the grant of the lands in Onehouse was made to him as' a reward for his valour at Cressy. No doubt when Queen Elizabeth, in 1571, visited Onehouse in one of her progresses, the inhabitants of Buxhall had to furnish their quota towards the expenses of entertainment ; for it was customary on such occasions for all the neighbouring parishes to contribute towards the amusement and entertainment of the royal household. In some parishes the constables paid for the poultry and articles required, and charged the amount in the parish accounts. Games, sports, plays, and warlike pastimes were provided by the loyal people in the surrounding towns and villages It is not likely that Buxhall enjoyed the actual presence of the Virgin Queen in Its midst without having to meet a portion of the expenses. Her Majesty merely partook of breakfast at Onehouse, but it was a breakfast in great style, and one to be remembered as enjoyed under a great oak still standing In the garden of Onehouse Hall. James Revitt was the owner of Onehouse at the time of the Queen's visit, and his son seems to have been knighted on the occasion. Some suppose that on this occasion also the Manor of Woodhall in Rattlesden was granted to the father, James Revitt, for he held it at his death in 1581, as a gift from the Queen.' His son, Sir Thomas, was a merchant and alderman of London, and his mother was "demoiselle Joan Raven, of Stowmarket." On her visit to Onehouse the Queen planted a rose-tree, which It is said was still living some fifty years ago, nestling against the remnant of the original house. From a Subsidy Roll of the sixth year of Queen Elizabeth 2 we find that the parishes of the hundred were taxed In the following proportions : Gipping, £6 1 6s. 4d. ; Greeting, ^i i6s. 8d. ; Stowmarket, ^10 los. 8d. ; Thorney Sexton, ^8 OS. 6d. ; FInborough Magna, ^5 os. 8d. ; Finborough Parva, ^8 8s. ; and Buxhall, £6 4s. 4d. The assessment on Buxhall was made up thus, in the exact terms of the original : — Henrlcus Coplnger In terr. ... ... xx"- xxvj^- IIIj''- Winiam Syer in terr. ... ... ... vj" villi'' • Inquisitions, Had, MBS. 639. = From the original Roll in the writer's possession. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 33 Elizabeth Salter vid. iiij"- v=- iiij"- Robertus Mark in terr. ... iiij"- v^- iiij''- Rogerus Salter in terr. ... v"- vj^- viij"* Edmundus Salter in terr. vif Ix^ iiij''- Margaret Cuttinge vid. in terr.,.. v"- vj'- viij"*- Johnes Salter sen. in terr. xx^ xvj"^- Margeria Bradstrete vid. vij"- vij^- Robertus Marks in bon. ... iij"- iij^- Henricus Rycher in bon. vf Vjs. Agnetes Salter vid. in bon. v"- v"- Walterus Murk in bon.... v"- v'- William Berte in bon. ... iij"- f. Johnes Salter jun. in terr. iif iiij^- Ricardus Sowe in bon. ... ... vj" vj^- William Slepp in bonis ... iij"- iij^- Johes Bramys in bonis. ... iij"- iij^- Ricardus Warde In bon.... xx^ xvj"*- Gregorius Salter in bon. vj" vj=- Georgius Salter in terr. ... x"- ijs. iiijd. Sma' vj" iiij^- iiij*^ In 1628 the first two subsidies granted to King Charles in the fourth year ■were : Sto-we Town, £2 8s. od. ; Sto-wupland, ^^8 ; Combs, £^ 4s. ; Finborough, £2 8s. ; Newton, £12 ; Haughley, ^^20 i6s. ; Creeting, £2 8s. ; Gipping, £2 9s.; Wetherden, ^^4 i6s. ; Onehouse, i6s. ; Harleston, ^i 12s.; and Buxhall, £6 8s. ; making a total of ^74 5s. The levy on Buxhall was on the value of lands as it appeared in the original account. ^ William Coppinger, Esq^ ter Marye Griges vid. bonis Richard Martyne ter. Edwarde Crosse ter. Richard Syre ter. Richarde Sariante ter John White ter. The original account is in the writer's possession. 6 £ s. d. iiij^ I 12 00 iij"- 16 00 xx'' 08 00 xP- 16 00 xx^ 08 00 xx^ 08 00 xx'- 08 00 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 34 History of the Parish of Buxhall John Salter ter. ... ... ... ... xx^ o 08 00 Rob' Musket ter xx'- o 08 00 Edwarde Salter ter. ... ... ... ... xx^- o 08 00 William Syre ter. ... ... ... ... xx''- o 08 00 The return is headed : " Stowe Hund : The Certificate of William Coppinger Esq''. Samuell Flicke gent Thomas Keble gent James Markes Isarke Motham and John Boreham nominated and chardged for the Ratinge and taxinge of all such persons w^'in the sayd hund. as are hable and fitt to be taxed towards the paym' of the twoe first Subsidyes graunted to o' Souaigne Lord the King's Ma"'' by Acte of Parliamente made in the fourte yere of his Ma'''' Reygne made and delivered by vs vnto Sir Lyonell Talmarsh Knight and Barronett and Sir Henery Berbenham Knight comissioners appoynted in that behalfe." It is signed William Copinger, Samuel Flick, John Boreham, Tho. Keble, Jsa Markes, Isaac Motham. The warrant under which the levy was made is signed by George Waldegrave, and is as follows : — "SufF' : By vertue of the Kings Ma'' Comission of Subsedie to vs and others directed These be in the Kings Ma'^ name to comaund you that p'n'telie vpon the receipt herof you doe by like authoritie will and require all such p'sons whose names are herevnder written inhabitinge w"'in the hundred of Stowe in the said countie or if some of them be dead or removed thence then other able p'sons of like qualitie residinge w"'n the said hundred in there roomes that they faile not to be p'sonallie before vs and other his Ma'^ Comissioners at the howse of Edmond Dowe in Coddenham in the said Countie vpon the dale of August nex' cominge after the date herof by eight of the clocke in the marninge, to doe and p'forme such things as shalbe geven them in charge for and concerninge the assessinge taxing and levienge of the two first subsedies of the said intire subsedies graunted and con- firmed by Act of p'liam' vnto the Kings Ma"° his heires and successors And see that you yourselves be p'sente at the said daie and place to returne vnto vs in writinge the names of such Cessors And herof not to faile as you tender the Furtherance of his Ma" service therin. And will answere the neglect therof at yo' p'ille. Dated at Helmingham in the said Countie the xxiiij'" daie of Julye in the fourth yeare of the Raigne of o*^ Soueraigne Lord Kinge Charles yr 1628." " To the cheif cunstables of the hundred of Stowe and to either of them : — William Coppinger of Buxhall esq'. Samuell fflicke of Cretinge west gent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 35 Thomas Keeble de Newton gent. James Marks de ead. gent. John Boreham de Combes. John Braster de Stowm'kett. Isaack Motham de Oonehowse gent. Mathewe Butcher de ffinborowe magn." A List of Foote Arms charged in the several Townes within the Hundred of Bosmere, Clayden, and Stow under the command of Capt. Anthony Gandy Esq. Caroli Scdi. Deo. gra., Angl. Scot. &c. R. 28 Ann. Do. 1676 : BUXHALL. William Coppinger Clarke. Musket. Tho. Vice. John Grimwood, Geo. Cocksedge, and Rich**. Martin. Musket. Tho. Scovill. William Syer and John Syer. Musket. Thos. Jacob. John Goddord and Mr. John Make ward and Jn°. Wright for his landlord. Musket. John Hayward. John Howlet, Mark Salter, Jeremiah Gardiner and Jos. Woods. Musket. Richard Brown and the W''. Death. Corslet. John Witham. William Folker ye W^ Day and the W"*. Hayward. Musket. John Bennet. Edmund Grigg. Corslet. Thomas Chenery. Corslet. Henry Bannock. In 1690 there was great distress in the neighbourhood of Buxhall. Sickness was very prevalent, and so numerous the deaths, that an order was obtained from the sessions, and afterwards confirmed by the Court ot King's Bench, to raise ^^200 in the Hundreds of Bosmere, Claydon, Hartismere, and Stow, " for the reUef of the poor in Stowmarket, who were extremely visited with small-pox." The con- tributions in the Hundred of Stow were : Buxhall ^^5 12s. 8^d., Finborough £2 1 8s. 2d., Greeting St. Peter £2 los. 2d., Stowupland ^^5 15s. yd., Haughley j^5 19s. 9d., Newton ^^4 19s. lod., Wetherden £^ 3s. gd., Gipping £2 3s. 8d., Halston, Shelland, and Onehouse £^ 13s. 6d. ; total, ^^39 17s. i^d. In the whole ^199 4s. 2d. was received from the surrounding country to assist the Stow people in their grievous distress. ' ' Hollingsworth, p. 208. Digitized by Microsoft® 36 History of the Parish of Buxhall In 1772 the course of the highway from Great FInborough to Brettenham, where it passed the Rectory stables, was diverted. The King's Writ — ad quod 'Damnum — for the Inquisition was dated July 24th, 12 Geo. III., and the Inquisition, which shows the character of the diversion, was as follows : — " Suffolk to wit : An inquisition indented taken at Buxhall in the said county the 1 8th August in the 12th year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third by the grace of God of Great Britain France and Ireland King Defender of the Faith and so forth and in the year of our Lord 1772 before me Nathaniel Acton Esquire Sheriff of the County aforesaid by virtue of the writt of our Sovereign Lord the King to me directed and to this Inquisition annexed by the oath of Sir Charles Davers Baronet William Wollaston John Godbold John Leathes Christopher Metcalfe Samuel Pocklington Edmund Tyrell Michael Leheng Roger Cooke Richard Rout Thomas Rout John Freeman and William Jackson Esquires honest and lawfull men of my county who being sworn and charged upon their oath to speak the truth and upon the matters and articles in the said Writt specified say that it will not be to the damage or prejudice of our said Lord the King or of any other if our said Lord the King should grant to the Reverend Henry Hill of Buxhall aforesaid Doctor in Divinity in the said Writt named Licence to inclose all that part of a certain Highway or Road leading from Great Finborough to Brettenham in my County which lies in the Parish of Buxhall in my County adjoining to the South side of the Stable yard and garden belonging to the Parsonage House and Rectory of Buxhall aforesaid and the Piece of ground of the said Henry Hill called Church Green containing in length 39 perches and in breadth 45 feet To hold the said Common Highway when so inclosed to him the said Henry Hill his heirs and assigns for ever because the jurors aforesaid on their Oath say that he the said Henry Hill hath made and laid out instead of the said Common Highway so to be inclosed another highway in over and through his own close or Piece of Land called Enhams in the parish of Buxhall aforesaid as convenient for Passengers to all intents and purposes as the said Common High- way so to be enclosed now is. And further the Jurors aforesaid on their said Oath say that the said Highway so to be inclosed do (sic) contain in Length and Breadth as above and in the said Writt is mentioned and set forth. In Witness whereof as well I the said Sheriff as the Jurors aforesaid have to this Inquisition sett our Hands and Seals the Day Year and Place aforesaid. "Nathaniel Acton Esqr. Sheriff." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 37 Church and State have always been well supported in this Parish. There are now a few Dissenters, but even of these many attend the services of the Church occasionally. The Parish in politics is a stronghold of Conservatism. There is a Lending Library of about two thousand books. These have been mostly supplied by the writer. The charities are two. Mark Salter,' by his will, dated August 30, 16 15, left a yearly rent-charge of 20s. for the poor parishioners, arising from lands in the Parish : 2s. 6d. from land late belonging to John Barnes, 8s. 6d. from land formerly belonging to Mrs. Cotton, and 9s. from land formerly belonging to Robert Osborne Fuller, and then known as " late Kemballs." Also a sum of ^^148 4s. lod. left by the will of Mrs. Elizabeth Sparke Garnham invested in Consols, and the dividends or interest arising from which is to be distributed in coals to the Poor of the Parish for ever. The rents from Salter's gift, as well as the interest from Mrs. Garnham's benefaction, have for many years past been distributed annually in coal. A notice of both the above charities appears on a board in the belfry of the Church, and bears the names of William Spink and William Kemball, churchwardens, with the date 1840. The following copy of a rate made in 1729 may prove of interest as showing the inhabitants of Buxhall at that time, and the amounts at which they were rated : — A rate made by the Inhabitants of the Parish of Buxhall for Docto"^ Hill late Overseer for the poore of the s^ parish for him to Collect fForty rates, for his Disbursements from Michas, 1729 to Easter following : — Docto-" Hill Recf^ s. d. 01 02 £ s. d. more for his woods ... 00 02 ) more for pattocks and Gardiners 00 02 [ more for the Lays 00 03 02 01 08 more for Ramplyn's ... more for Drivers Land 00 03 1 00 02 J J 2 II I Mr. Syliard more where Goddard lived ... 00 o^) 00 08 .) 01 18 04 Greg. Cop'inger 01 02 02 06 08 ' He was married to Jane Syre, September 5, 1585, and was buried, according to the Register, September 7, 161 5. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 38 History of the Parish of Buxhall. s. d. £ s. d. Mrs. Maltyward Mr. Brooke more for farrow field oo 04 00 o-jl] 00 oof 00 01 13 04 06 08 Tho. Poole 00 I if more late Burlande more late Wasp's more for Cowterland ... 00 02 J 00 05 00 3 08 02 06 more for MuUoy's 00 10 more for Buxhall-hall 00 08 more for Millfield 00 02 1 more for the Gleb 00 06 Anthony Osbourn more for his own lands 01 08 1 00 oiii 03 10 10 John Leaver for Saulters 00 02 J 00 08 04 Parsey Edm'' Blakes Sen°'^ 00 09 01 00 ' 01 10 00 more for Chenerys more for fFelsham fields 00 02 00 Olf 03 00 10 more for Day's lands 00 02^ Edm'' Blakes Junior ... 00 06 01 00 00 Edra"* How 01 03 02 10 00 William Green 00 06 01 00 00 John Read late Williams 00 02^ 00 08 04 George Goddard for Cobbs ... 00 02 00 06 08 Thomas fFuller 00 031 00 II 08 Thomas Jackson 00 04J 00 15 00 Samuel Olford... 00 03 00 10 00 Daniel Lambert at the new house 00 06 01 00 00 Stephen Keeble Edw'' MuUett 00 01^ 00 03 00 00 04 02 06 08 Rob' Burland 00 05 more for Marlindown more for Bretts lands 00 ooj 00 01 01 06 08 Rob' Osbourn ... 00 05 00 16 08 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 39 s. d. £ s. d. Thomas Mowle • . . oo oii 00 04 02 Thomas Osbourn, for prick's land oo oof 00 02 06 William Grimwood oo o3i 00 II 08 Thomas Parker oo 01 00 03 04 Samuel Nunn ... oo 03 00 10 00 Tho. Penning ... oo 02 00 06 08 James Spike ... oo oii 00 05 00 Rob' Mount ... oo 01 00 03 04 Widdow Cooke oo 02 00 06 08 John Hay ward oo 01 00 03 04 Daniel Lambert Jun'- oo 01^ 00 05 00 £^ 19 ^ 38 16 08 April 2, 1730, Seen and allowed by us untill cause be shewn to the contrary Orl. Bridgeman Out Setters. James Durrant late Boggas Walter Wilby late Bixby . Mr. Beales ... John Stearn.... John Grimwood Rob' Richer William Lambert William Taylor Ant. Osbourn Tho. Penning Greg Warner William Rivers John Lambert late Wid"^ Taylor Betheny Bowie Thomas Green f ; Tho. Hill d. s. d. I 3 4 2 6 8 oi I 8 I 3 4 2 6 8 4 13 4 I 3 4 2 6 8 I 3 4 2* 8 4 oi I 8 oi I 8 oi 10 2| 8 4 3 10 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 40 History of the Parish of Buxhall Out Setters. s. d. ^ s. d. William Purr late William Borly oj I 8 John Chapman li 4 2 Law. Raynham, late Tho. Richer . . . oi 10 John Barnes I l^ 3 4 This side 2 2f 9 2 Other side 19 5 38 16 8 ;£oi 01 — 43 05 10 I s. d. Overseer's Disbursem'^ come to . 42 16 05 40 rates to collect comes to ... • ■ . 43 05 10 Rest due to the parish . 00 09 ^ Greg Copinger. The Following are Extracts from the Surveyors' Books.' Buxhall, September 22, 1804. At a Vestry Meeting held this day it was agreed that every Person should carry into the Roads Fifty Bushels of Stone for a Day Work for every eight pounds as they stand in the rate and to pay 6d. in the Pound Composition for the rest. And also to allow 12s. per Day for 50 Bushels of Stones Brought from Woolpit as extra work and 6d. for every 50 Bushels carried oiit of the fields. Henry Hill, Robt. Fuller, Robert Ward, Joseph Cooper, Thos. Stearn, Will-" Kemball, Jos. Cooper Junr., the mark of Charles Oxer, Benj™ Cole, Geo. Wallinger, John Richer. In 1812 the rate collected at is. id. in the pound was ^^97 9s. 4d. ; the " Compersition " ^^6 lis. 6d., and the Town Stock last year £2 6s. i^d., making ' By way of explanation we may say that the law, as early as the time of the eighth Henry, was that on the Tuesday and Wednesday in Easter week the Constables and Churchwardens were to call together a number of the parishioners, who then elected two "honest persons" as surveyors and " orderers " for one year. They were fined twenty shillings if they did not serve. They appointed four days for "the amendynge " of the highways. And every person having a ploughland in pasture or keeping a draught or plough within each parish through which the road ran, was obliged to send " one waine or carte, furnished after the custom of the countrye with oxen, horses, or other cattell, and also two hable men with the same." They were to make eight hours of these days under the surveyors and bring their own tools. If they did not attend they were fined 1 2d. per day. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 41 a total of ;£i07 6s. ii|d. The total disbursements were ;^io5 3s. 2d., being the value of the Town Stock at ^^2 3s. 9Jd. This account was verified on oath and allowed by R. Pettiward and C. Davy. 1839. May 6. At a meeting of the Parishioners of the Parishes of Buxhall and Rattlesden held in Mickery Lane it was unanimously agreed that the road should be equally divided and each Parish take their share of repairing the same. Wm. Kemball. Robt. Murrington. Wm. Spink. Chas. Groom. Nelson Hatten. John Snell F. R. Melton 1 ^ James Cobbold J. Clover tS--y°-- 185 Rods to each Parish. Surveyors. Entry in 1839: 6j Miles hard road; 2 J Miles hard Bye Roads; 2 J Miles Green Lanes. Extracts from the Registers as to the Parish Boundaries. 1746. Went the bounds of the Parish.' 1753. May 4. Went the bounds of the Parish. 1758. May I. Went the bounds of the Parish. 1768. May 13. Went the bounds of the Parish. Harry with me. Allowed nothing towards the expenses neere yet a great squabble with the Parishioners about it. But was determined to introduce no custom against the Parson. " " Beating the Bounds " of a parish was formerly a matter of importance when boundaries of property were not so clearly defined as they are now. In many places the ceremony was performed annually, but in Buxhall at intervals ranging from five to eight or ten years. The bounds of a parish were often marked by stones or trees called " gospel trees," because the clergyman used to read the gospel for the day under their shade, but we do not find any record of such trees or reading in the annals of Buxhall. In these bounds beating boys were often flogged at the boundaries or ducked in the river where one happened to constitute a boundary in order to help their memory. The impress of the body no doubt was not only realistic, but also was intended to symbolise the impression on the mind and to strengthen the memory of the youthful recipient as to the true boundary. Of course a dinner or a feast of some sort was provided by the parish for the boundary beaters and beaten, and any little apparent harshness on the part of the former was readily forgiven in the pleasantries of the subsequent conviviality. 7 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 42 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1778. Went the bounds, paid J ye expenses it being my first time it cost me 1786. Went the bounds, I voluntarily gave one guinea towards the Dinner. H. Hill. 1794. Went the bounds. I w'' not give anything towards the expense of the Dinner that no custom might be claimed but after the Bill was paid I gave two 5 Basons of Punch. H. Hill. [ ]. Went the bounds of the Parish 60 persons attended, the Parish treated them with a Dinner, a quart of ale each, and then 3 Gall, of strong beer, and after the Bill of 4 = 4 was paid by the Churchwardens : I ordered in I OS. worth of Punch always varying the method of any gift upon that occasion that no custom may be pleaded, H. Hill. 1800. Went the bounds about 20 persons in all attended they had dinner &c. at Finboro' I gave 5 s. The Parish paid for the Commandments &c. being painted in the Chancel instead of their being painted in the body of the Church as heretofore they had been. H. Hill. 1808. Went the bounds of the Parish ab' 40 persons began at J past 8 finished at ^ past 2. The Farmers &c. had a dinner and the men Bread and Cheese, and a quart of strong Beer (memo' "very thick!"). The Bill for the whole was £S 15s., and I gave los. in Punch. H. Hill. 1 8 16. Went the bounds ab' 50 persons began at 8 finished at 3 : Purr ran the Wheel not quite 12 miles : the Farmers &c. had a dinner and the men Bread and Cheese. The Bill for the whole was £^ 12s. I gave one Bottle of Punch and one Bottle of Wine. H. Hill. 1824. May 28. Went the bounds of this Parish. I paid half the expense, viz., j^4 I OS. N.B. — It was eight years since it was gone last time, but no memorandum made. H. Hill. Other Memoranda from Registers. ly -■',,. Jan. 21. Mr. Hill inducted by Mr. Clopton Rector of Rattlesden. 1 7 10. The Parsonage House was built by the said Tho. Hill. 1 719. The Church was new pew'd, half att his expense. 1 72 1. The two Parsonage Barns were built and 1723 one remov'd 1776 and cover'd with Reed and Paper. 1 74 1. Mr. Henry Hill son of the above sd. Tho. Hill was inducted into the Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish, Descriptive and Historic 43 Parish Church of Tostock in the Co. of Suffolk and Dio. of Norwch upon 25 day of May 1741. By the Rev. Mr. R. Fiske. And the said Henry Hill was inducted into this Parish Church of Buxhall upon 3 day of Oct. 1743, by the Rev. Mr. Read Rector of Onehouse. 1743. Memorandum. That the Parish maintain all the fencing in the Churchyard except that side fronting the Chancells end and that fronting the Kitchen Garden. N.B. The Parson maintains ye fence no farther than the Garden reaches. 1767. Memo. My son Henry Hill laid the first foundation stone for the Kitchen Garden Wall, Apl. 2, 1767, in the 21st year of his age. 1776. Henry Hill son of the above Henry Hill was inducted into the Parish Church of Buxhall on the 6th Jan. 1776 by Thomas Hutchinson Vicar of Great Finborough. , The Poplin Grove planted in the Hop Ground, a.d. 173^. The Maltin Office was built Anno Dom. 1727. 1840. The Bridge near the Lower Farm, on the road leading from Buxhall Church to Hitcham, was built this year by Mr. Hill, under the inspection of the County Surveyor, and accepted by the County : the Parish contributing £20, and several of the Parishioners performing a part of the carting : cost of Bricks and Mortar, £<) 7s. 6d. Bricklayers' Work, £^ 19s. 8d. Digging foundations and odd jobs, ^^5 15s. iid. Cost of raising 189 loads of earth, 165 of gravel, ^^5 15s. lod. Cost of raising 485 of stone, £% os. 5d. The stone and gravel were got in the pit in Worlands. One man and two Horses carted 5 loads per day of gravel and stone and 10 of earth. Digitized by Microsoft® CHAPTER II The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof THE Church of Buxhall is dedicated to St, Mary. The present structure, probably erected about 1320, stands on the site of an old edifice dating from Saxon times. The living is a rectory valued in the King's Book at ^20 OS. fd., and now having a yearly rent charge of ;^68o in lieu of tithes and a residence. In the year 1 340 an inquisition was made by special commission throughout the kingdom, for the purpose of gathering a subsidy or tax granted by the Parliament in aid of King Edward III. and the expensive wars in Scotland and France. This tax was a ninth of all that each parish produced from its lands, and of all goods and chattels which each man possessed, except the mere husbandman or labourer, for these last were exempt from all taxation. The valuation was made on the clergy in Suffolk by five commissioners. The curious rolls which estimated the value of all the livings and collected the tax from the clergy have been preserved, and published by the Government, entitled Inquisitiones Nonarum. " Buxhall. — Corn, wool, lambs. 60 acres, annual value 30s. 6d. per acre ; 4 acres arable, annual value i6s. ; 2 acres of meadow, annual value 4s. ; hay tithes, 20s. ; tithe of hemp and flax, 20s. per annum ; offerings and small tithes belonging to the altar, wools and lambs and other offerings which amount to yearly 6 marks 6s. lod., and this is testified by the oaths of Rob. Cokerel John le Spense, Rob. Str'e [Sturmy] Rich, de Leleseye, of the same place." i In 1603 there was an examination of the diocese, and the following is the finding as to Buxhall : " Buxhall, Mr. George Dickenson. The number of communicants, 3. No recusant of any sorte. It is a parsonage presentative, he hath no other. No such theare (i.e., vicarages, &c.) Mr. Henry Coppinger, minister, patron." 2 The church is built principally of flint. It consists of chancel, nave, and I Hollingsworth's "Hist, of Stowmarket," pp. 88 and 89, compared with original return. ' Ibid. 151. 44 Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 45 massive square tower, supported by buttresses, and contains several monumental slabs to the Copinger and Hill families. The following description of the Church of Buxhall is taken from the Davy MSS. They were notes made in 1826 and 1827 : — " Square steeple, broad at bottom, and quite a strong clumsy building, five bells, clock with a dial into church, church, chancell, south porch and north vestry leaded, church roof much lower than when built. Two holy water stones, side chancel, and two broken niches where the three seats were. The church pewed uniformly, and nearly paved with brick. The church is battlemented with brick, and the chancel with free stone. Two stone pinnacles in the chancel. There is an ancient cross between the two pinnacles. A pewter flaggon, small cup, paten, and salver of silver. Two lofty steps to the front. A good parsonage adjoining to the churchyard. The chancel is forty-four feet nine inches long by twenty feet six inches wide. The communion table is raised two steps, and raised round about it on four low pannels are the Lord's Prayer, Belief, and Commandments." " On the west side of the three arches there were, no doubt, stalls continued across the adjoining window for the officiating priests ; part of one of the arches still remains. The east window is large, but appears modern. In the first window from the end in the south side is a coat of arms much broken and patched, which seem to have been Copinger, on a fesse arg., three plates. In this window also remains part of an inscription. In the next window to the west is another coat which has also been broken and patched, but which was in all probability : Gu. three cocks or., probably intended for Cockerel!. In the other windows are some fragments of painted glass. The arms of the Folkards, sa. a chev. between three covered cups or. were formerly to be discerned in the windows, and a fragment of the shield with one of the cups is still to be seen." This family claimed descent from Fulchard '' prepositus "" of Thetford in 11 30. William Folcard was Sheriff of Suffolk in 1130. We know of no connection in recent times of the Folkards with Buxhall, but indirectly there was a connection by marriage with one of the Rectors. John Folkard, whose will is dated April 10, 1533, lived at Rattlesden, the adjoining parish, and his son, Ambrose Folkard, married Judith Devereux, who died in 1658. She was the daughter of Peter Devereux, Rector of Rattlesden, who in 1644 left that living to succeed Dr. Ambrose Copinger at Buxhall. The similarity in the Christian name is somewhat strange. In the last Digitized by Microsoft® 46 History of the Parish of Buxhall window westward on the south side was a figure, now gone, but its place filled up with scraps, between two angels ; and a part of another figure, probably intended for our Saviour, with a reed in His hand. Below are the remains of a legend, nc^o pilato» On the sides of the chancel are carved oak seats, in the front of which are the following arms, also carved : — South side. — i. Arms of Copinger. 2. A bend engrailed (arms of Herries). 3. Three roses. 4. A fesse between three crescents. North side. — i. A fesse between two chevrons. 2. A cross engrailed. 3. A voltire engrailed. On the north side is a vestry. The nave is sixty feet two inches long and twenty-nine feet six inches wide, and was formerly one step above the chancel. The description of the Church in the Architectural Notes made by Mr. William Caveler, architect from a recent actual survey for the Archaeological Institute, is as follows :- — " Church, with vestry on north side ; nave, with south porch ; tower at west end. A good D. [i.e.. Decorated English or Second Pointed, 1 307-1 377] church, the only late addition being a three-light P. [i.e., Perpendicular English or Third Pointed, 1377-1546] window in the tower; the chancel has a fine five-light window, with good flowing tracery ; the side walls good two-lights ; in the south wall is a very pretty double piscina, with tracery, pinnacles, and crocheted canopy ; there are some good oak stalls in the chancel, of the same date as the rest of the work ; they have panelled fronts and good poppy-heads. The nave has lofty and good two- light windows, and the porch an open two-light on either side ; the upper stage of the tower has good two-lights ; in some of the windows are considerable remains of painted glass, of the same date as the building ; the buttresses at the east end are finished with good pinnacles. Font, D., of very excellent design ; the bowl is an octagon, with three-foil panels, over which are angular crocheted canopies." In an Ipswich paper of August 6, 1826, is the following notice: — "On Sunday last an organ was opened at Buxhall Church by Mr. Spinks, jun., put up and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 47 greatly improved by Mr. Last, organ builder of Bury St. Edmunds, to the great satisfaction of a numerous congregation." The late Rector, the Rev. Henry Hill, in 1877 partially restored the Church. The old-fashioned pews have disappeared and given place to handsome oaken benching, constructed of well-seasoned timber from the adjacent estate. The old pulpit, which was adorned with a large heavy sounding-board, has gone, and in its place is one constructed of oak, with panels carved in accord with the west window. In the chancel choir stalls have been erected on either side, and some remains of the old oaken benching, nearly black with age, and greatly mutilated by its adaption to the requirements of the pews now abolished, have been utilised in this work. The fronts of the choir desks on the south, already referred to, have thus been preserved, and they are interesting examples, the panels being adorned with shields bearing the arms of the Copingers and famiHes with whom they were allied. In the floor of the chancel are several monumental stones of the seventeenth century (one of which appears to be of Purbeck marble) to the memory of members of the Copinger family, and there are some still older which are bereft of their brasses and inscriptions. At the south-east angle of the chancel is a fine double piscina with a canopy, and the sedilia adjacent thereto had evidently similar canopies over, but the stone-work has been broken away, possibly by iconoclasts of the Commonwealth period. Here has been placed an ancient stone coffin lid, found beneath the floor of the nave. A cross is carved upon the lid, which probably formed the covering of the coffin of an ecclesiastic. The benches in the nave (which, hke those of the chancel, are of oak) are In excellent taste, and the ends are carved after the fashion of the tracery of the nave windows. In Hke manner the panels of the new fronts of the choir desks are carved to correspond with the tracery of the east window, and the ends of the stalls like the side windows of the chancel. Two Jacobean chairs stand one on either side of the altar or communion- table, and the old altar rails with slight alterations have been replaced. The floor has been levelled and laid with tiles. The chancel has been raised one footpace above the nave, there being a white marble step at thaf point, and there are other similar steps at the altar rails. The Bells are five in number and very choice. It is somewhat remarkable that until recent years so little attention has been devoted in this country to campanology. Few have made it their special study. Even abroad, where more attention has been paid to the art and to its historical aspect, the study has never Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 48 History of the Parish of Buxhall been popular. In the case of the present Parish, the Registers and parish archives have been searched to discover something respecting the original casting, re-casting, hanging, or repairs effected from time to time of the bells, but fruitlessly. Occasionally, it it true, we find items of information as to repairing, but not many, and in this Parish we do not find the covers and fly-leaves of the early Registers so profusely adorned with miscellaneous information as is not uncommonly the case with the Registers of some parishes. Buxhall Rectors and Registrars seem to have religiously confined themselves to the recording with commendable accuracy the dry details which form the substance of the ordinary Register. In the year 1553 there is a record that the bells were four in number.' Davy visited the Church June 13, 1827, for the purpose of noting particulars of the Bells, but found the door locked. He states, however, the correct number — five. On a careful examination of the condition of the frame, the clappers, and the bells, one cannot resist coming to the conclusion that the religious element has been in active operation in the Belfry, and a case of conversion has been the result. Four Bells have been converted into five. The Tenor Bell of the original peal of four must have been exceptionally fine. No doubt it measured four feet one inch in diameter, and weighed at least a ton, and was an E bell. Probably this bell was in the year 1632 re-cast, and now forms the present tenor and second, which both bear this date. The old clappers were fastened to the crown staple of the Bells by a C hook, the oldest known form of securing the clapper, and the method in vogue before ringing became customary when, to enable the bell to be raised for the purpose of ringing without the clapper falling out, a narrow strip of wood was fixed by means of a leather thong over the open part of the C hook, extending half-way down the clapper. This simple method, which met a difficulty arising under a change in the manner of ringing, has been retained in the case of the Buxhall bells almost to the present day. When the bells were repaired and re-hung a few years since the primitive expedient referred to disappeared with the original clappers, new clappers of light construction and with modern fastenings being substituted. About seven feet above the Bell frame may still be seen a massive oak beam, ' This is in a Certificate of Church property. "Great Fiiiborough had: Cuppes one, weighing vii. oz. — Great Bells iij. Buxhall is the only parish in Stow Hundred apparently having no chalice, but has Greate Bells iiij. The total amount of plate in the Hundred was cxxij oz. j qz., and the number of Greate Bells xxxvij, iij." Rattlesden had one chalice " wayinge xx oz. iij qz., and four Great Bells." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 49 with ten or eleven mortise holes, which evidently was placed there for the purpose of lifting the Bells into their proper position on the frame. The mode of raising is also sufficiently indicated as having been done by hand, by the mortised holes for the handpikes. The size, weights, and inscriptions on the bells are as follows :— I. and 2. Size 2 feet SJ in. Inscription, "John Draper i made me 1632. R. M. and T. N. Wardens." A maiden bell. 2 3. Size 2 ft. II in. Inscription "John Draper made me 1635." 4. Size 3 ft. I J in. dia. Inscription, "John Griggs C.W. Charles Newman made me 1698." 5. Tenor Bell. Size 3 ft. yf in., weight about 16 cwt. Inscription: " Gregory Copinger, Tho. Fuller C.W. Tho. Gardiner Sudbury fecit 1739." A maiden bell. One of the bells is employed by the Clock for striking the hours. This clock is of a peculiar character. There are said to be but three in the whole country. It has no face and strikes, as we have said, on the tenor bell. It is wound up with a rope on a wheel, similar to those used for steering a vessel. The clock was made by the Village Blacksmith, a well-known character in his day, who rejoiced in the name of Purr. This Purr, the Buxhall blacksmith, was the maker also of the old Stowmarket clock. The Buxhall clock has for years been wound up, and is still kept in repair by his successor in business. Sawyer, who continues the smithy on the old spot. There is a tradition that out from this village smithy there came in days gone by the founder of that well-known and highly respected firm. Woods and Co., of Stowmarket. A new Organ was placed in the Chancel In 1890, the old Organ being removed to Shelland Church. The old Organ had, in former years, stood in its proper place at the west end. A finely carved oak Lectern was in 1897 presented to the Church by the writer in recognition df the return to his family of a portion of the estates once possessed by them in the county, on the purchase by him of the Cockerells Hall Estate. Isabell, wife of Sir Edmund Hethersete; Knt., son of Simon de Hethersete, Knt., and Cecily his wife, one of the King's justices, was burled in Buxhall Churchyard in 141 2.3 Some of the Headstones In the Churchyard are : John Maltyward Gent, died ' Draper was Mayor of Thetford. ' That is, a bell which came quite true in the casting. 3 Blomefield's "Norfolk," v. 36. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 50 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1721 ; Elizabeth his wife d. 6 Oct. 1759 aged 76; William son of Stephen and Christian Brook of Stowmarket d. 1781, aged 45; Mrs. Christian Brook relict of Stephen d. 25 Sept. 1806 aged 85 ; Stephen Brook late of Stowmarket d. 23 Feb. 1773 aged 57 ; Stephen son of Stephen and Christian Brook of Stow- market d. in London 30 Nov. 1761 aged 17 ; John Cocksedge d. 12 March 1728 aged 78; Mary wife of Thomas Brook d. 16 Nov. 1754 aged 78 ; Thomas Brook d. 1740 aged 71; Mr. William Brook d. 24 Sept. 1787 aged 76; Mrs. Elizabeth Brook d. 9 Dec. 1787 aged 78 ; Susan wife of Robert Fuller Gent., d. 8 June 1820 aged 73; Robert Fuller Gent. d. 14 Jan. 18 13 aged 59; Robert Osborn Fuller d. 20 Sept. 181 7 aged 29. There are seven more Fullers, and other headstones bearing the names Poole, Jacob, Bird, Brooks, &c. There was a headstone with the inscription : Nycolas Tymperley Esquire who dysseased the xx day of May, A "M" iiij. ix." (1409) (Add. MSS. Brit. Mas. Aysc. Cat., No. 4969, fol. 43, Hawey's Colec), but Weever, in his "Ancient Funeral Monuments," has the inscription, " Nycholas Tymperley i esquire who dysceased the 20 of May, M. cccc. Ixxxix." The record of Rectors preserved in the Diocesan Registry at Norwich is from the year 13 10. Of many of the early Rectors little or nothing is known. The wills of some are still extant, and these we propose to give extracts from. The first Rector known of Buxhall is — 1 3 10. Lemannus Gernoun 131 1. William de Orford ' The Timperleys continued to hold land of the Manor of Buxhall for nearly two centuries after this. They were free tenants ot the Manor, and in 1651 Sir Thomas Timperley, knight, sold his free tenements to Edward Wemeve, Esq. The Timperleys came originally from Timperley in Cheshire, and Drinkstone seems to be connected with them, for this was originally called Drinkstone-cum-Timperley. The family settled at Hintlesham and were lords of the manor there in the fourteenth century. A tomb in the chancel of the Parish Church there of blue marble has, drawn on brass, the portraiture of a man in complete armour and a woman with a hound at her feet, with the inscription . " Here lyeth the Venerable man John Timperley Esq. Heir and Lord of Hyntlesham, and Margaret his wife which John dy'd An. 1400.'' On another marble stone is likewise a man in complete armour, with the inscription, "Of your Charity pray for the Soul of William Timperley who dy'd March 10, a.d. 1527. On whose Soul and all Christians, Jesus have Mercy." There are, or were, two other tombs in the Chancel, the one of alabaster of Thomas Timperley, Esq., who dy'd Jan. 14, 1500, and of Etheldrcd his wife, the daughter of Nicholas Hare, as also of Katharine his second wife ; the other of Nicholas Temperley, Esq., and Anne his wife, the daughter and heir of William Markham, Esq. The Vescys of Cockerells Hall originally came from Hintlesham, and owned another Manor in that place. Hintlesham had belonged to Bury Abbey, and on the Dissolution was granted by Henry VIII. to Robert Downs, from whose family it passed to the Veseys. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 51 1332. Geoffrey Fausebroun ' 1 36 1. Thomas Cat de Thetford Cat is mentioned in the Feet of Fines as Parson of Mosec (?), 30 Edw. III., and as Parson of Okholt, 34 Edw. III. Amongst the ancient Deeds in the Public Record Office is preserved a grant by William Quick, of Sudbury, and Robert Monk, of Newton, to Sir Thomas [Cat] de Thetford, who is described as the Rector of Buxhall, of a messuage in Sudbury abutting on the street called " Croftstrete." It is dated "Tuesday before Michaelmas, 2 Rich. II." (A 5338). Thomas appears to have had the misfortune to be robbed by one, who, if not of his own family, bore the same surname. The robbery was effected on the eve of the Epiphany, 1379, by William Cat, who hid in Thomas's chamber and stole 500 marks. On the Patent Rolls (11 Rich. II. part ii., m. i6d) is the appointment, dated May 25, 1388, of Richard de Abberbury, Edmund de Lakyngheth, Robert Hotoft, and Thomas Claymond to inquire who stole and carried away divers goods and chattels of Thomas Cat, parson of Buxhall, and 500 marks of his money at Buxhall, within the lordship of Queen Anne, and who afterwards seized the same when left behind by the thieves, and to certify their value. And in the same Rolls 4 Rich. II., part i. m. 39, we find a pardon to John Taillour, of Hawelee (Haughley), for harbouring William Cat, of Hawelee, who on the eve of Epiphany, 2 Rich. II., hid in the chamber of the parson of Buxhall and robbed him of his goods. Thomas Cat made his will the Monday after the Feast of St. Matthew the Apostle, 1392 ; but it has suffered much from damp and neglect in former years and is in parts wholly unreadable. The following is an extract : — " My soul to God and all the Saints &c. My body to be buried in the Chancel of the blessed Mary of (Buxhall .''). To the tower of Buxhall (xxv) marks. To the parish chaplain there . . . To the High Altar there xij''. All debts to be paid and residue to my executors to dispose for my souls welfare. Testament made Wednesday before the feast of St. Gregory 1392. xxj marks to the chaplain to celebrate for my soul . . . epitogium de Scarlet, unum lectum rubeum, unam ollam eneam, unam patellam optimam, vj cochlear . . . unum maser ' Sir Edward de Creting, by deed dated at Barrow on Sunday next after the Feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, 30 Edw. III. attorned to Sir Thomas Felton and his trustees Geoffrey Fauseborne parson of the Church of Buxhall, and John Cakistrete of Fynbergh as to lands in the Hundred of Thingoe (Gage's " Thingoe," p. 11). Geoffrey Fausebroun is also mentioned in the Feet of Fines, 30 and 34 Edw. III. Digitized by Microsoft® 52 History of the Parish of Buxhall cum cooptorium ... To Hawis unum pelium cum lavacre ... To John (Cat .?) meum epitogium de russeto et unam (claram ?) de eadem ... To John de Coquina ij^ "Proved 26 April 1393 in the Consistory Court of Norwich. Register Harsick fol. I8I^" 1393. William Wayte 1410. William Pollard 141 1. William Copynger The following extract from Pitseus • probably applies to this William Copynger : — "Guilhelmus Copingerus^ natione Anglus Oxoniensis academiae magister insignis Putatur aliquando alumnus fuisse CoUegii Balleolensis, et in ejusdem gymnatii Bibleotheca ferunt opera quoedam illius ad annos bene multos asservata, ex quibus coUigitur hominem semper studia litterarum et virtutum ita conjunxisse, ut in utrisque pacem, et eos certe magnos fecerit progressus. Completes testes habemus ejus lucubrationes doctas simul et pias. " De virtutibus et vitiis, lib. unum. Vani sunt omnes honores. ' "De lUus. Angl. Script.," p. 852. = As to the origin of the name the following letter, written by the Rev. T. S. Omerod, the well- known Rector of Redenhall and antiquarian, to the late Mr. Copinger Hill in 1863, may be of interest: — Redenhall Rectory, Nov. 20, 1863. Copinger. Dear Mr. Hill, — Pardon my intruding my thoughts on the above matter. 1. Copenhagen will never do. It is itself a French corruption of Kioben-hava, pronounced Chipping- haven. 2. Nor will the analogy help from Ballinger — helium gerens — an armed vessel of Henry VII. and VIII. 's time. It is modern, and I know no Latin word of office or authority which could be combined with gerens so as to make up your ancient name. 3. I should be glad if you and Mr. Steward would note for me, if you came across any names or places in W. or Central Suffolk where Cop or Cap form the root, as Copdock (the " high-wooded knoll "), Copt Hall in Essex (not London), &c. Meanwhile I am strongly of opinion that, like Billing Watling, Uffing Watling, your name is Copping, from Coppe or Koppe, an old Saxon or Scandinavian word for "head " or " elevation," still in use as a proper name, just as my own root syllable, Orme, in ordinary Saxon or Modern Swede or Danish = a serpent. Copping would mean the relatives or clan of such man (as in the names above). Coppingcr is merely the word at full length, as it would be written {Coping va) down to Henry I.'s time. Yours sincerely, T. S. Ormerod. There can be no doubt Mr. Ormerod is right. The Anglo-Saxon Cop is " head," inger is the Latinised German form of ing, '' descendant of" ; so that Copinger is really the descendant of the Head. Digitized by Microsoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 53 " Sacramentale quoddam, lib. unum. Et alia non , pauca, quorum tamen tituli mihi sunt incogniti, uti et tempus quo vixit." He was an executor to the Will of the wife of Ed. Hethersete, Esq. : — " Isabella quae fuit uxor Edmundi Hetersete militis per Test, suum, dat. xx. Jan., 13 Hen. 4 et probat. 2 Marc, 1416, legat Aliciae Copynger totam pecuniam suam. Item voluit qd Willus Copynger clicus Johes Copynger et alii habeant omnia bona sua, &c., quae dedit et assign' eis per factum suum dat. XX. Aug. 12 Hen. IV. "Probat. ij Mar., 141 6, et com. adm. Wills. Copynger extori Ex Regm. Hyrnynge in Ard. Reg. Nonv. pte 2a fo. 24a." (Harl. MSS., B.M., No. 10, fol. 21 lb). He made his Will at Buxhall, September 3, 1436, by which he ordered that his body should be buried in the chancel of the Church at Buxhall. He bequeathed his manor, called Buxhall Hall, with the advowson of the Church of the same village, and all other appurtenances, to his brother John for life, with remainder to his son William in fee. He bequeathed to Walter, another son of his brother John, a tenement called Cordes in Finborough Magna, and a messuage called Baronys. He mentions Alicia, wife of his brother John, and Margaret, daughter of the said John, a nun. The Will was proved September 13, 1436 (Harl. MSS., No. 10, fol. 261^). 1436. John Howard. Howard was Rector for over twenty years and died in 1457. His Will, which is in Latin, is preserved at Norwich (Brosiard, fol. 46), and is dated at Buxhall, May 5, 1457. The following is an extract: "John Howard Rector of the Church of Buxhall of sound mind &c. My soul to God Almighty, the Blessed Mary the Virgin and all the Saints and my body to be buried in the Chancel of the said Church at the entrance to the Choir. To the High Altar there vj"- viij''- To the repair of the (.?) cloth of the said altar iij"- iiij''- (' ad repar. towell. ejusd. altari '). To the parish Clerk 6"^, and the sacrist, there 4'*-. To the 4 orders of friars, each 2 bushels of malt. To the repair of Burford Bridge 4 bushels of malt To Isabell Conever and jier sister 2 „ „ To John Caldewell and his wife ... ... 2 ,, „ To John Bost and his wife 2 „ „ Digitized by Microsoft® 54 History of the Parish of Buxhall To Mariote Shepherde i bushel of malt. To Roger Barleway and wife ... ... 2 ,, ,, To Thomas Gold ... ... ... ... i „ ,, To Thomas Cord 'scriptor' ... ... i ,, „ To each godson and goddaughter I have in Buxhall S''. " To William Howard my brother and Elizabeth his wife 6'- S"*- and to the said Elizabeth a red cloak, furred. To William Chatysle and Agnes his wife 6''- S''-. To each nephew and niece I2'^- and a cow. To Margaret Wymbysh iS"^- and a bullock. ' Assigno Reverendo magistro Joh'i Howard Armig : unum equum nigrum ambulantem. To the Convent of Ixworth, a book, and to Sir John Wode, Rector of Kedyngton a book called Innocentius. To Robert Chatysle my nephew a book of decrees and a book of decretals, a book, called ' Apparatus Arch'i ' and John upon vj'"\ one book of Clement with 2 books of doctors and a book called ' Pupilla occuli ' and all my iron pots kettles, cloathes, &c. &c. To William Howard my nephew one book of decrees with a black fastening, one book called Innocentius, one book called Crisostomos cum speculo humani salvationis and one book of Institutes. " All corn and tithes &c. of Buxhall to my executors, i.e. John Wode, William Howard my brother, William Chatysle, Stephen Wymbysh ; and my master John Howard Esq"', to be supervisor. Proved 20 June 1457 by W"\ Howard and W. Chatysle, power reserved, &c." 1457. John Powlyn. 1477. Thomas Draper, who exchanged the Mastership of the college at Attleborough with Powlyn for the Rectory.' 1479. William Chapman. 1 513. Richard Reve. 1 53 1. Henry Todd. 1556. Thomas Passefonte. Passefont made his Will May 7, 1567, which is preserved at Norwich (Register Bunne, fol. 9), and the following is an extract : " My soul to God Almighty my Creator and Redeemer and my body to be buried in Buxall Churchyard at the Chancels end. To the poormens box there I2''-. To every poor householder of Buxall a peck of wheat and a peck of mault. To Marion my wife 6 comb of ' Blomefield's " Norfolk," i. 541. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 55 wheat and 6 comb of mault, a 3 year old bullock, my eldest cow, a calf, my best gowne, 12 hens and a cock, 2 hoggs, my deepe kettle, a Brasen posnett, a bruyng- tubbe, a keler, 2 furkyns, a mylke tub and a bed and belongings, pewter platter and 40^'. To Robert Passefont my son a ' dowell ' cowe of 4 years, a bullock, my baye amblynge mare, my best posted bed, my 2"'' coveringe, pewter platters, table napkins, sheep, furred cloath and 40' at 21 years of age. To Philemon Passefonte, my son, a brown cowe, my youngest red cowe, my dun mare called ' Mocke,' my best cloak 2'"* posted bedstead and best covering, pewter and 40"^' at 21. To William Passefonte, my son, my great blacke garley cowe, red bullock, grey mare called Dobb, bed, napkins, pewter, 2""* gown and 40^ when 21. To Sara my daughter red dswyd cowe, bullock, my new caldeyron, pewter platters and dishes, water pot and napkins at 21. To James Passefonte my brother, a seame of Barley, and the residue amongst my wife and four children, equally. My best beloved in Christ William Syer of Buxall to be executor." The witnesses were Wm. Bearte and John Osbon of Buxall, and the Will was proved July 4, 1567, at Norwich. 1569. Ambrose Copinger. He was presented to the Living of Buxhall by his father, Henry Copinger, having been educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, of which college he was a fellow. He is probably the same man who was Bursar, St. John's College, Cambridge, 2 Elizabeth, and who, March 27th, signed a lease as such. He was knighted by King James at Whitehall on July 23, 1603, before the coronation.! He married Lettice, daughter of Edward David Fitzgerald, brother of the Earl of Kildare, but died without issue March 17, 1603-4. Sir Ambrose Copinger did not retain his Living of Buxhall for more than one year, for we find, in 1570, he resigned and Henry Copinger, the Patron, thereupon presented. 1570. George Dickenson. He had a long tenure, holding for close on fifty years. As before stated, the number of communicants in 1603 is said to have been three, but at the same time there was no recusant of any sort. He appears often in the Court of Rolls, and seems to have been fined by the Court Leet of the Manor for playing bowls. He married Elizabeth, the widow of one Salter, and for many years lived in the ' Harl. MSS. 6062, List of Knights, 1603-36 ; but his name is there by mistaice said to be Henry. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 56 History of the Parish of Buxhall house now known as Purple Hill. He died in 16 19, and was buried March 20th in the Chancel of the Church of Buxhall. 1 6 19. Ambrose Copinger. He was presented by his father, Henry Copinger, to the living of Buxhall, and was collated June 2, 1619, to a Prebendary Stall in York Cathedral. The new Rector had been born at Lavenham and baptized there on the 29th of December, 1583. Of his early life little can be gathered. He married Judith, the only daughter of Roger Kedington a Kerington, by whom he had issue two sons, Ambrose and Henry, and two daughters, Ann and Margaret. He was a Doctor of Divinity, and on the 23rd of December, 1622, was presented to the Living of his native place as successor to his father. He still retained the Living of Buxhall, and was buried in the Church there in January, 1644, but without a stone to mark the spot. His Will, made 3rd of April, 1642, was proved in the Prerogative Court on the 4th of December, 1644. His successor at Lavenham, the celebrated Mr. Gurnall, was presented in December, 1644. One of Dr. Ambrose Copinger's daughters lies buried in Buxhall Church. This was Ann. She married three times, her third husband being Sir George Reeve, Bart., of Thwaite, Co. Suffolk. She died on the 30th of April, 1692, and in the Church below the railings, a little to the north of the centre, is a flat stone of black marble with the following inscription : — Here under lyeth the body of Dame Ann Reeve, who departed this life the last day of April, 1692. Arms above in a lozenge Reeve : — ^Sa, on a chevron between three fleurs de lis, or. as many crowels of spears, az., with the arms of Ulster, impaling Copinger. Her bones have been, it seems, removed. 1644. Peter Devereux. He was of Rattlesden, and left that place to succeed Dr. Ambrose Copinger at Buxhall. 1644. Thomas Copinger. Thomas Copinger, a brother of Dr. Ambrose, however, succeeded Mr. Devereux the same year, and Francis Copinger, another brother, farmed the Parson- age. Eighteen years after his entrance Thomas Copinger resigned the Living. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 57 1662. William Copinger. He was a nephew of Dr. Ambrose Copinger, and was presented by his mother, Mary Copinger, the then Lady of the Manor. He was in his thirty-eighth year, having been baptized at Buxhall on the 8th of December, 1624. In a somewhat rare book published In London, 1648, will be found a recom- mendation by this William. The book is " An Essay on Statius ; or, The Five First Books of Publ. Papinius Statius his Thebais. Done into English Verse. By T[homas] S[tephens]. With the Poetick History Illustrated." Amongst apprecia- tions, in poetic form, from Reginald Bekenham, Rob. Baldocke, Clem. Paman, Pereg. D'Oyly, Thomas Poley, and Ch. Woodward, is the following : — Qualiter in mundi votis, eviumque querelis, Nata recens, surgit gratior inde dies ; It meliore coma, flavos spondetque capillos. Lanugo teneras lucis, Apollo, tus : Nostratis Stati, sic dum crepuscula spargis, Optamus totam, quse sine nube, diem : Sylvae ut detonsas, coelo videantur aperto. Nulla sit obscuro textilis umbra loco. Sic erit ; et laetam faciet nunc Statius urbem : Thebais et populo fiet arnica novo. Gulielmus Copinger. William survived his poetical effusion thirty-six years, which may seem strange, and, dying in 1684, was buried on the 4th of March In the chancel of the Church of Buxhall, where on a flat stone is an inscription to his memory, now and for many years past illegible, but which was as follows : — Memoriae Sacrum Gulielmi Copinger • Stirpe antiqua et honesta nati LIterarum humaniorum Artiumq. M" Rem theologlcam apprime callentis Omni modoq. virtute Humana sociall divina eximie imbuti Qui hinc ecclesiae per annos circiter xxxvi. prasfult Rector 9 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 58 History of the Parish of Buxhall Officio, beneficio, consilio exemploq. optimo nee Reverend us Inde cum santissimum illud Manus (sic) Summa cum laude decorassit Maturus coelo, et amatus omnibus Tranquille, ut vixit, obiit. Cal. Martiis MDCLXXXIV. Anno JEtnt. suae LXI. Hoc monumentum Filii superstites Gulielmus et Gregorius Pietatis ergo posuere. The arms on the tomb are Copinger, impaling Wood, a lion rampant. William Copinger was succeeded by his son William on the presentation of his first cousin, Henry Copinger in 1685.' He had been admitted Sizar, March 24, 1673-4, ^t St. John's College, Cambridge, being then sixteen, and in 1677 had proceeded to the degree of A.B., and to the degree of A.M. in 1681. He died In 1708, and by his Will, dated the i8th of February, 1707, gave all his messuages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments to be sold within two years after his decease by his brother Gregory Copinger and his widow Margaret, whom he appointed executor and executrix. He owned, amongst other property, Jarold's Wood in Buxhall, containing seven acres, and also a messuage and three acres and a tenement called Parminsters, containing sixteen acres, and a Pightle of land con- taining two acres, lying under the wood called Rattlesden Wood, all held of the Manor of Rattlesden in reversion expectant on the death of his mother, Mary Copinger, and certain other copyhold hereditaments to which he was admitted on the 19th of October, 1696, upon the death of his brother Francis. This William Copinger was the last Copinger Rector of Buxhall, and upon his death, August 5, 1708, George Watson was presented to the Living. Sarah Copinger had by deed dated April 10, 1708, for £iio, sold the next presentation to James Daniel, of Alpheton, in the county of Suffolk, gent., and it is possible, therefore, this presentation was made by him ; but it is usually stated to have been made by Sarah Copinger. Anyhow, the new Rector did not long enjoy the living, for in the foUowmg year he resigned, and Mrs. Sarah Copinger presented her son-in-law, Thomas Hill, Doctor of Divinity. Thomas Hill had married Sarah, the daughter ' William's uncle had left him the next presentation by his will, but as this would not have enabled him to present himself, no doubt the presentation was arranged in this way to evade the law Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 59 and sole heiress of Henry Copinger, by which marriage the Copinger estates in a sense passed into the family of Hill. The meaning of in a sense will be made apparent when we come to deal with the descent of the Manor of Buxhall. The new Rector was born in 1678, and received his academical education at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he proceeded to the degree of A.B. in 1700, to that of A.M. in 1704, and to that of S.T.P. in 1719. He died on the 4th of September, 1743, and was interred in the Chancel of the Church of Buxhall, where, on a marble tablet, is this inscription to his memory : — In memory of Thomas Hill, Doctor of Divinity, many years Rector of this Parish, and in Commission of the Peace for this County. He married Sarah, daughter and sole heiress of Henry Copinger, Esq., Lord of this Manor, by whom he had several children. He died Sept. 4th, 1743, in the sixty-fifth year of his age, and rests in hopes of a blessed immortality. Disce quid es, quid eris, memor esto quod morieris. Near him lyes his eldest son, Thomas Hill, Esq., Lord of this Manor, and Patron of this Church ; he died Sept. 5, 1746, aged 2)1 years. By the side of his grave are deposited the remains of his wife, who departed her life May 4th, 1748, aged 23. And near this marble lye two sons and a daughter of the Rev. Mr. Henry Hill. Thomas died Feb. 11, 1747, aged 2 years and 9 months. Susan died April 22, 1755, aged 8 months. and Thomas, died June 15, 1756, aged 5 weeks and 4 days. Lydia, daughter of Thomas Hill, Esq., died May 8th, 1759, aged 13 years. Martin, son of H. Hill, D.D., died Feb. 26, 1761, aged 12 years. Sarah Hill, relict of Thos. Hill, D.D., died Jan. 17, 1762, aged 75 years. Copinger, son of H. Hill, D.D., died Sept. 3, 1765, aged 6 years. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 6o History of the Parish of Buxhall Arms below : — Hill, gu. two bars, erm. in chief a lion passant, or. ; on an escutcheon of pretence, Copinger : — Bendy of six gu., and or., on a fesse az., three plates. Crest, on a chapeau gu. turned up, erm., a demi lion passant, or., between two dragons' wings expanded of the first, each charged with two bars, erm. Against the same wall westward on a small square tablet of white marble is : — Henry Hill, D.D. obiit 8th Nov. 1775. Anno ^tatis 60. And on a similar tablet a little to the west : — Susan Hill Relict of Henry Hill, D.D. obiit Sept. 8th, 1794. aged 77. And opposite to this on the north side on a similar tablet : — Henry Hill, A.M. obiit 31st July, 1826, Anno ^tatis 79. 1743. Henry Hill. In 1743 Henry Hill, the second son of Sarah Hill, daughter of Henry Copinger, was presented to the Living by his mother, Sarah Hill. He had been educated at Caius College, Cambridge, where he had proceeded to the degree of A.D. in 1737, to that of A.M. in 175 1, and to that of S.T.P. in 1763. In 1741 he had been presented to the Rectory of Tostock. He died on the 8 th of November, 1775, and was succeeded in the Living by his son the following year on the presentation of his grandmother, Sarah Hill. 1747. Henry Hill. The new Rector, Henry Hill, was born in 1747, and a brief memoir of him will be found on pp. 282 and 648 of vol. xcvi., part 2, of the Gentleman's Digitized by Microsoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 6i Magazine. He was admitted at Clare Hall, Cambridge, taking his A.B. degree in 1768, and A.M. degree in 1771. He became Rector of Harlaston in 1779, and was a Trustee of the Stowmarket Navigation, and Vice-President of the Corporation for Relief of poor Widows and Orphans of Clergymen within the Archdeaconries of Suffolk and Sudbury. He married Elizabeth, a daughter of John Tweed, Esq., of Stoke by Clare, and sister of the Rev. Joseph Tweed, Rector of Capel St. Mary. By this lady he left no issue. Mr. Henry Hill communicated to the Board of Agriculture some useful practical observations on the mode of drilling wheat, which he had successfully practised for many years, and these are inserted in Young's "General View of the Agriculture of Suffolk." 1826. Charles Green. Henry Hill died July 31, 1826, in his seventy-ninth year, having by his Will dated July 28, 1826, devised the next presentation of the Rectory to the Rev. Charles Green, and subject thereto given the advowson to his nephew Copinger Gooch, in his Will called Copinger Henry Gooch. He also gave to Mr. Green about sixty acres formerly in the occupation of Thomas Stearn, but then of the said Charles Green, but provided that in the event of Mr. Green dying without issue at his death the same should go, after certain limitations to trustees, to his nephew Copinger Gooch in fee. The Rev. Charles Green was, on his own petition, instituted in October, 1836, to the Living of Buxhall. Green died in 1852, and was succeeded by Copinger Gooch, who assumed the name of Hill. 1852. Copinger Gooch. He was the son of Mr. William Gooch, a beer brewer of Great Yarmouth, and of Mary Hill; and in July, 1830, married Emily, daughter of the Rev. George Pyke, of Baythorn Park, in the County of Essex. He died on May 13, 1870, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, the Rev. Henry Hill. 1870. Henry Hill. The Rev. Henry Hill was born August 6, 1834, and received his academic education at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he took his degree in 1857. On August 14, 1862, he married Eleanor, daughter of Matthew Chamley, of Worcop, County Westmorland, by whom he had a numerous family, and of whom his eldest son, Henry Copinger Hill, who was born October 9, 1865, and educated at Sherborne and Trinity Hall, Cambridge, is the owner by purchase of the advowson. The Digitized by Microsoft® 62 History of the Parish of Buxhall Rev. Henry Hill died July 15, 1901, and the Rev. Henry Copinger Hill is the present Rector, having been instituted on his own petition by the Bishop of Norwich on September 4, and inducted by the Rev. D. A. Lawrence, Archdeacon of Suffolk, September 11, 1901. The following Is an extract relating to Buxhall from the Norwich Domesday book. The year inscribed on it is 1300, but the general view is that the date should be placed somewhat later : — Diocese of Norwich. Archdeaconry of Sudbury Deanery of Stowe Buxhall ; Estimac' eccl'ie pret' porcione' xxx mar' : Inde decima xl° Porcis Po'ris de Stokes in eadem eccl'ia xxx^- Vnde decima iij^- de ffrancia. Bona ab'bis Colcestrie in eadem Villa de Redditu x° Bona Prioris de Bresete in eadem de redditu xij^ ob. de francia. Terriers. There are Terriers preserved in the Diocesan Registry at Norwich for the following years: 1633, 1677, 1706, 1709, 1716, 1723, 1725, 1729, 1735, 1740, 1747. 1753. 1760, 1763, 1770, 1777, 1784, 1791, 1794, 1801, 1806, 1813, 1820, 1827, 1834, 1845, 1865, 1872, 1879, 1894. They are all on parchment, except that for 1872, which is on paper. The 1633 Terrier is not signed by the Rector; 1677 and 1706 are signed by William Copinger as Rector; 1716 to 1740 inclusive are signed by Thomas Hill as Rector ; 1747 and 1820 are signed by Henry Hill as Rector; 1827 and 1845 by Charles Green; 1865 by Copinger Hill, and 1872, 1879, and 1894 by Henry Hill as Rector. The Terrier for 1706 is the first in which the Church goods are referred to — among them are 2 pewter flagons, i silver cup, and a silver plate. In 1709 the two pewter flagons are still there, with a cup and a silver chalice, and the same in 1716. In 1709 the glebes and profits were worth at the improved value communibus annis ^^loo a year, and in 1723 ;^i50. In 1723 the silver cup and salver weighed about 7 ounces. In 1725 tithes ^^124, 2 pewter flagons, i silver cup about 5 oz. ; in 1729, tithes £120, at which figure they remain for some years. In 1735 2 pewter flagons, a silver salver about 2 oz. and silver cup about 5 oz. In 1747 tithes ^120, silver cup and 2 silver plates weighed 16 oz. In 1760 one pewter flagon ; Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 63 in 1834, Registers first mentioned and inaccurately said to date from 1695. In 1865, silver flagon, silver cup, and two silver plates. As samples of the Terriers copies of the first of 1633 and of the last, 1894, are here given : — Terrier of 1633. A Terrier of all the Gleab landes Buxhall medowes gardens Orchards and Houses belonginge to the p'sonage of- Buxhall as foUoweth, taken the 24"' day of June 1633. Imprimis, One Close called by the name of Sanddy land conteyninge by estimacion two acres and a halfe whether it be more or lesse the East head thereof abbutteth upon purplepool : — Item One other peece lyinge betwene the landes of John Mothams conteyninge by estimacion one acre more or lesse the west head thereof abbutteth upon the manno*" of Buxhall hall in the tenure of Rychard martin : — Item One other peece of land conteyninge by estimacion dimid : acre more or lesse abbutteth upon purple hill towards the South : — Item One other peece called blackmans conteyninge by estimacion two acres more or lesse the North end thereof abbutteth upon the lands of Rychard Martin called Walks medowe : — Item One other peece of land lyinge in a field called Slyders conteyninge by estimacion thre acres more or lesse and abbutteth upon the lands of William Copinger Esq"^ est and west : — Item One peece of land called by the name of Bedwell conteyning by estimacion six acres more or lesse abbutteth upon the lands of Robert Garner towards the West : — Item One medowe called by the name of Bedwell medowe conteyninge by estimacion one acre more or lesse abbutteth upon the North head upon the lands of Robt Browne : — Item One peece of land called Mantletts conteyninge by estimacion foure acres and a halfe more or lesse abbutteth upon a lane the west head upon Cogmans lane. Item One peice of land in a field called by the name of Martin field conteyning by estimacion one acre more or less abbutteth upon the lands of William Copinger Esq" upon the South : — Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 6^ History of the Parish of Buxhall Item One peece of land called by the name of Cockerells conteyninge by estimacion three acres more or lesse abbutteth upon the lands of Charles Fecye gent upon the North and upon the South of the seyd Charles Fecye : — Item Two peecs of land lyinge in a field called by the name of Inmans conteyninge by estimacion eyght acres more or lesse abbutteth one peece thereof upon the kings hyghway leadinge from Buxhall to Finborowe and the other peece abbutteth the west head thereof upon a waye leadinge to Bradbrooke street. Item One peece of land called Inmans yeard conteyninge by estimacion one acre more or lesse abbutteth upon the hygheway leadinge from Stowmarkett towards the Lavenham towards the North : — Item One garden, with a Dovehouse called Inmans garden, conteyninge by estimacion one Roode abbutteth upon Inmans yeard towards the West : — Item One Orchard called by the name of Inhams conteyninge by estimacion dimid : acre more or lesse abbutteth upon the kings hyghewaye leadinge from Buxhall to Fynborowe towards the East : — The Parsonage houses as followeth : — Item The hall howse, two parlors, one kitchin, one backhouse, three Barnes, one stable, one dayre house, one garden, one orchard adioyninge to the Churchyard conteyninge by estimacion two acres more or lesse. We the Minister * * Churchwardens and Sidemen of Buxhall have hereunto subscribed our names Richard Martin and Thomas Nun Churchw^ Richard Syer, John Motham his mark x, William Syer. Terrier of 1894. A True Terrier of the House, Buildings, Glebelands, Tithe Rent Charge and Goods belonging to the Rectory and Parish Church of Buxhall in the county of Suffolk and Diocese of Norwich, taken according to the old evidence and knowledge of the Inhabitants and exhibited at the Primary Visitation of the Right Rev. Father in God John Lord Bishop of Norwich, holden at Ipswich on June 25, 1894 : First a dwelling house with brick front and tiled (about 70 x 30 feet) with backhouse and offices adjoining brick and slated (about 45 x 25 feet) stables and coach house with hay loft over covered with reed, some small sheds in the yard and garden with land as set forth in the following extract from the Tithe Commutation Map in the occupation of the Rector and W. Williams executors : — Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 65 A. R. P. 569. Garden ... o 3 28 570. House, Build- ings and yards ... o i 37 571. Plantation ... 17 572. Church and yard ... o 2 36 552. Inham's arable 12 3 33 552". Plantation... o o 37 553. Edgar's arable 3 i 22 554. Bedwells ...10 3 29 555. Home Lawn 5 3 32 555". Plantation ... 004 556. Dove House meadow... 212 497^ Plantation ... o o 34 559. Piece in Hall meadow... o o 36 38 I 27 The Tithes of the Parish have been commuted at £6So. A True account of the Goods belonging to the Church : One silver flagon, one silver cup, two silver plates in weight about 3 lbs. Av., one crimson cloth for the Communion table, one cloth as reredos, one cushion to the altar rail, two carved oak chairs and two stools, three linen napkins, four large Prayer books, one large Bible, eight register books, two stoves with piping. Five bells varying in weight from 7-15 cwt. and a Clock. There is a legacy of 20s. a year left by the Will of Mark Salter bearing date August 30, 1 61 5, and the interest on ;^I48 4s. lod. Consols left by the will of Elizabeth Sparke Garnham bearing date April 30, 1832, which sums are distributed yearly in the purchase of coals to the poor of the parish. The Sexton is appointed by the Rector, and paid £2 12s. annually by the Parish. The South wall and West wall and iron fence of the Churchyard is kept up by the Parish, the North and East sides by the Rector. (Signed) Henry Hill, Rector. Robert Williams ) William Mitson ) Eugene J. Wells. R. J. Pettiward. Churchwardens. Parish Officers Contracdons Churchwardens, C.W. ; Overseers, O. ; Guardians for the Union, G. ; Surveyors of Highway for the Parish, S. ; Assessors, A. ; Constables, C. Where the same officers were elected for subsequent years their names are not repeated, and it must be understood that the last named served until other officers were chosen in their place. 10 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 66 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1663. Robert Gooderick and John Goddard, C.W. 1668. John Heyward and William Micklefield, C.W. 1669. Anthony Smyth and John Heyward, C.W. 1670. Thomas Pilbrow and Thomas Grimwood, C.W. 1 67 1. Thomas Pilbrow and [Robert Richer], C.W. 1672. Robert Richer and Thomas Pilbrow, C.W. 1675. Anthony Le Straing and Thomas Vice, C.W. 1676. Richard Darcy and Thomas Chaplyn, C.W. 1678. Edmund Griggs and Robert Penninge, C.W. 1679. Joseph Wood and Robert Penninge, C.W. 1680. William Mathew and Edmund Lever, C.W. 1 68 1. Joseph Wood and Edmund Lever, C.W. 1682. Henry Copinger and John Malty ward, C.W. 1696. Thomas Smith and Edward Griggs, C.W. 17 19, Mar. 23. Gregory Coppinger, jun., and John Goddard, C.W. 1723, April 15. Gregory Copinger and Edward Gripps, C.W. 1724, April 6. Gregory Copinger, jun., and Thomas Brooke, C.W. 1725, Mar. 29. Gregory Copinger and John Goddard, C.W. 1727, April 5. Gregory Copinger and Anthony Osbourn, C.W. 1729, April 7. Gregory Copinger and Anthony Osborn, C.W. Gregory Copinger and Dr. Hill, O. 1 73 1, April 19. Gregory Copinger and William Grimwood, O. 1732, April 10. Gregory Copinger and Thomas Brooke, C.W. 1733, Mar. 26. Gregory Copinger and John Gladwell, C.W. Thomas Poole and Gregory Copinger, O. 1735, April 7. Gregory Copinger and Thomas Poole, C.W. 1737, April II. Gregory Copinger and Thomas Fuller, C.W. 1738, April 3. Gregory Copinger, C.W. and O. 1 76 1. Anthony Fuller and Thomas Poole, C.W. 1793-4- Thomas Jolly and John Burnes, S. 1794-5. John Barnes and Robt. Ward, S. 1795-6. Thos. Stearn and Robt. Ward, S. 1796-7. Thos. Stearn and Joseph Cooper, S. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 67 1797-8. Daniel Jewers and Joseph Cooper, S. 1798-9. Daniel Jewers and Robt. Fuller, S. 1799-1800. Robt. Fuller and John Stearn. 1 800-1. John Stearn and Charles Oxor, S. 1 801-2. Chas. Oxor and Isaac Grimwood, S. 1802-3. Isaac Grimwood and William Kemball, C.W. 1803-4. Wm. Kemball and Joseph Cooper. Robert Ward and John Richer. 1 806, April 7. Robert Ward and John Richer, C.W. ; Lankester Freeman and William Hunt, O. ; Edmund Thurlow and William Spink, C. 1807, Mar. 30. Benjamin Cole and Joseph Cooper, S. ; Jos. Cooper and John Barnes, O. ; Edmund Thurlow and Thos. Stearn, C. 1808, April 18. Joseph Cooper, jun., and Wilham Kemball, O. 1809, April 3. Charles Oxor and Benjamin Cole, S. ; Charles Oxor and Benjamin Cole, O. 1 8 10, April 23. John Richer and Isaac Grimwood, O. 181 1, April 15. Rev. Chas. Green, Robert Fuller, otherwise Godbolds, O. 1 8 12, Mar. 20. John Richer and Benj. Cole, C.W. Rev. H. Hill and Robt. Borey, O. 1 8 13, April 19. Thos. Stearn and Robt. Clarke, O. 1 8 14, April II. Robt. Clarke and Chas. Basham, O. 1 81 5, Mar. 27. William Hunt and Isaac Cooper, O. 1 8 16, April 16. John Barnes and William Kemball, O. 1 8 17, April 17. Chas. Oxor and Benj. Cole, O. 1 81 8, Mar. 23. John Richer and Isaac Grimwood, O. 1 819, April 3. Rev. Chas. Green and Frances Jane Fuller, O; Edmd. Thurlow and William Spink, jun., O. 1828, Mar. 25. John Spink and Isaac ■ Clover, O. ; James Purr and Saml. Cracknell, C. ; Thos. Dykes and John Barnes, A. ; Mary Borey and Robt. O. Fuller, S. 1829, Mar. 24. William Spink and Thos. Stearn, C.W. ; William Kemball and Mary Borey, O. ; John Barnes and Nelson Hatten, A. Robt. O. Fuller and Wm. Spink, S. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 68 History of the Parish of Buxhall Mar. 20. Mar. 19. 1830, Mar. 23 1831, Mar. 29 1832, 1833, 1834, Mar. 25. 1835, Mar. 24. 1836, Mar. 21. 1837, Mar. 23. 1838, Mar. 20. 1839, Mar. 27. 1840, Mar. 20. 1 841, March 1842, Mar. 18. 1843, March William Kemball and William Spink, C.W. ; John Fuller and George Davey, O. James Cutting and William Hunt, O. ; Nelson Hatten and George Davey, A. ; William Spink and John Fuller, S. Thos. Dykes and John Barnes, O. ; George Davey and James [Bray] Cutting, A. ; John Fuller and Wm. Kemball, S. Robert Cooper Smith and Thomas Pike, O. ; William Kemball and Nelson Hatten, S. Nelson Hatten and Robt. Bradley, O. ; John Fuller and William Spink, A. ; Nelson Hatten and Thomas Dykes, S. William Spink, sen., and James Bradbrook, O. ; William Spink, sen., and William Spink, jun., A. : Thomas Dykes and Robt. Cooper Smith, S. ; William Kemball, G. William Kemball and Joseph Sturgeon, O. ; William Spink, jun., and George Mumford, A. ; Robert Cooper Smith and Nelson Hatten, S. ; William Spink, G. John Fuller and Frederick Melton, O. ; George Mumford and William Spink, jun., A. ; Nelson Hatten and William Spink, sen., S. ; George Mumford, G. Nelson Hatten and George Mumford, O. ; James Purr and Robert Bradley, C. ; George Mumford and William Kemball, A. ; William Spink, jun., and Frederick Melton, S. ; Nelson Hatten, G. Frederick Melton, G. ; John Barnes and Thomas Dykes, O. ; William Kemball and Saml. Cracknell, A. ; Fred. Melton and Isaac Clover, S. Morris Pike and Thos. Pilgrim, O. ; Isaac Clover and William Kemball, S. ; Samuel Cracknell and Frederick Melton, A. ; Jeremiah Cropley, G. William Spink and Samuel Cracknell, O. ; William Kemball and Jeremiah Cropley, S. ; Frederick Melton and Isaac Clover, A. ; William Kemball, G. Rev. C. Hill and William Kemball, O. ; Isaac Clover and Jeremiah Cropley, A. ; William Spink, G. ; Jeremiah Cropley and Samuel Cracknell, S. Nelson Hatten and James Goreham, O. ; Samuel Cracknell Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 69 and Rev. Copinger Hill, S. ; James Purr and John Barnes, C. ; Thomas Pilgrim, G. 1844, Mar. 25. John Barnes and Jeremiah Cropley, O. ; Rev. Copinger Hill and John RufFel, S. ; James Purr and William Kemball, jun., C. ; Samuel Cracknell, G. 1845, Mar. 24. N. Hatten, G. ; W. Kemball, jun., and T. Clover, O. ; J. RufFell and T. Pilgrim, S. ; James Purr and F. Goram, C. 1846, Mar. 18. J. Ruffell, G. ; Frederick Melton and Robt. Langham, O. ; Thos. Pilgrim and R. O. Fuller, S. ; James Purr and Wm. Kemball, jun., C. Thomas Pilgrim and James Bradbrook, O. ; R. O. Fuller and William Spink, S. William Spink and Nelson Hatten, C.W. ; William Kemball, jun., G. ; Thos. Dykes and Thos. Richer, O. ; William Spink and Nelson Hatten, S. John RufFell, G. ; William Dykes and Jno. G. Gage, O. ; Thomas Stearn and Edwd. Crosley, S. Isaac Clover and F. R. Melton, A. ; James Purr and James Bradbrook, O. ; Edward Crosley and William Boulter, S. ; John G. Gage and Samuel Nunn, C. Thomas Stearn, G. ; W. Pearman and Thomas Stearn, O. ; Mr. Boulter and Mr. Melton, S. Mrs. Anne Pike and John Ennals, O. ; F. R. Melton and John Ennals, S. John Ennals and Mr. Carter, O. Thos. RufFell, G. ; Wm. Kemball, jun., and Mrs. Spink, O. ; James Dykes and John Ennals, S. Joseph Brand and William Kemball, jun., C.W. ; James Dykes and Joseph Brand, S. Joseph Brand and William Boulter, S. William Boulter and F. R. Melton, S. Thos. Howe, S. Thos. Stearn and J. Clover, S. Joseph Brand and William Boulter, C.W. Robert John Cockrill and William Boulter, C.W. 1847, Mar. 18. 1848, Mar. 24. 1856, Mar. 24. 1857, Mar. 24. 1858, Mar. 23- 1859, M^r- 24. i860, Mar. 24. 1 861, Marcl- I 1862, April 21. 1863. 1864. 1866. 1867. 1868, April 13- 1 87 1, Easter Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 70 History of the Parish of Buxhall Extracts from Churchwardens' Accounts. The disbursements of Robt. Ward and John Richer, Churchwardens for the Parish of Buxhall. From Mich^ 1804 to Michaelmas, 1805, as foUoweth : — P'' for A Form of Prayer ... ... ... ... i Washing the Surplice ... ... ... ... 3 P"" for Bread and Wine 5 Oct. 28. Dec. 26. )) 29. 805 , Jan. 24. April II. May 6. ^t 28. 29. Sept. 28. Oct- 20. „ 26. Oct. 26. P'' for a form of Prayer for a fast Bread ^nd Wine Washing Surplice P** for a Citation P"* the Court fees P"* Mr. Hill's fee Expenses at the generals Washing Surplice, Table Cloth and Bread and Wine P'' for Sparrows and Eggs... P"" for new binding and mending the P'* for a Citation P'' for Bread and Wine Washing Surplice ... P'' the Court fees P^for Hill's fee P'' for a new Book... Expenses at the generals ... P'' the Clerks Salary P"* the Sexton do P'' Gates for the Church Clock . . P'' Mills for a new Clock line P"" do. for 12 Dorses P'' for 4 Ringing Days P" the Carpenters Bill P'' the Smiths do Making rate Desk Napkin Han o o o gmgs Rate and Town Stock Disbursements Town Stocks I 5 3 I 5 10 10 4 5 13 2 I 5 3 4 7 7 10 10 18 7 4 I 10 6 13 15 1 1 o o o o 2 6 o 6 o 8 6 o o o 6 6 o o o o 6 10 o o 5 3 o 4 I Digitized by Microsoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 71 Buxhall April 7, 1806. At a Vestry Meeting held this day the following Persons were chosen officers for the said Parish for the year ensuing : Robt. Ward John Richer Edw"* Thurlow Will™ Spinlc „, , , Lankester Freeman , ^ Churchwardens. ^^^.,, ^^ [ Overseers. Will™ Hunt Constables. August 27, 1806, the Girl Mary Frost was allotted to Mr. Hill for the 3rd year. The Boy John Codd to Mr. Rt. Ward 2nd year, and the Boy Rt. Bowie to Mr. Thos. Stearn ; the Boy being young was afterwards returned to the House. The same style of entry runs throughout the book, and a few exceptional entries are given below : — £ s. d. 1807. P"* Thos. Sparrow for taking down the old Vestry Walls 5 J rod at 25^- rod ... ... ... 7 3 9 Do. Stone Work at the Vestry 2 Rodd and 193 feet at 34 p. rd Allowance for Beer at 3. 6. Digging the Foundations at 8d. 4 yds. and 8 feet... To 21 yds. of lath and Plastering at is. 9d. per yd. To 29 feet of Course project and Battlements at 3d. per foot To 117 feet Tiling at 4d. square 28 yds. rendering at 5d. 8 yds. and | flat paving and allowance at 5d. P"* per 1679 yds. whitening to Church at ijd. per yard 104 yds. Colouring at 2d. P'' for work at the Belfry and other jobs at the Church I 12 Mr. Chas. Oxer for 2 loads of wash sand and Carriage from Woolpit ... ... ... ... 12 To 100 Bush'' of Lime from Coddenham i 5 o To 2 Loads of Gravil from Finborough ... ... 80 4 12 I 16 I 2 loi I 16 9 7 3 4 8 II 8 3 6i 4 4 10 17 4 o Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 72 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1807. To a Letter from Isleham To 100 Bush"' of Lime from do. P"^ Carriage of the same P'' the Carpenters Bill for Vestry and Allowance P'' for 28 feet of kneelers at the Altar P"* the Carpenter's Bill for work at the Church and Churchyard ... P'' Mr. Oxer for carriage of Bricks from Woolpit . . . Do. Wash Sand i Load from Onehouse Do. Tiles from Needham Do. Old Lead to Stowmarket ... P"* for 100 Bush Lime at ^d. ... P^ the Glaziers Bill for the Vestry Do. for the Church P"* for 217 Patent Tiles for Vestry ... P'' the Blacksmiths Bill for the Job at the Clock . . . P"* Mr. Martin for sand P'' Tucker for 2 Loads of Gravil Journey and Expenses Mr. Ward and self after wash sand and to Stowmarket selling the old lead P'' Mr. Thos. Howe for measuring and valueing the work at the Church and Vestry ... P'* Lockwood attending the Visitors 8 June 1807 I d. o 3 4 5 10 2 6 15 15 10 4 3 16 6 15 1 1 3 5 6 2 I 10 10 I 2 o I o o o o o 2 4 6 2 o o 6 o Jan. 12, 1809. Rec'' of Mr. Robt. Fuller late Godbolds land ^^i i6s., of Mr. Joseph Cooper ^^i 14s., and of Mr. John Barnes los., in all 4 Pounds being the gift money left by the Will of Mark Salter to the Poor of the Parish of Buxhall for ever, which sum is for Four years ending on the nth day of Octr. 1808. 1808, May 28. Expenses going the Perambulation October 27. P'' for Cleaning the Church Clock 1809, April 27, Spent on the Young People at the Confirmation P'' for cleaning Gravil round the Church P'* for Sparrows and Eggs £ s. d. 6 16 6 7 3 3 14 6 4 o 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 73, October 9. May. May 3. 1 8 10, Jan. 13. 12 7 o 6 1 81 1, October 10 1 8 15, July 2. 181 5, August 3. 1 8 16, June 10. 1821, March 23. 1822, June 7. 1826, June. 1829, March 24. Ringing at the Jubalee P'' for Cleaning the Church Clock P'' Half the expenses settleing the Boundaries Between the Parishes of Buxhall and Gt. Finborrow i 13 o Rec* of Mr. Robt. Fuller for late Godbolds land 9 shillings, of Mr. Jos'' Cooper 8s. 6d., of Mr. John Barnes 2s. 6d., in all I Pound, being the gift money left by the Will of Mark Salter, to the Poor of the Parish of Buxhall for ever, which sum is for one year ending on the nth Day of Oct. 1809, which sum was distributed to the Poor in Coals. . P'' for part of the Stones for the Boundaries of the Parish of Buxhall and Gt. Finborough Mr. Jos'' Cooper for carriage of y' Stones ... P'* for J Dozen of Hassocks... P'' for Cleaning the Church Clock ... P'^ for a Form of Prayer for a Victory at Waterloo P'' for a letter from the Bishop of Norwich for a subscription at Waterloo P^ for a New Pall P"* for a New Folio Prayer Book At this Meeting it was agreed for the overseers to serve the Office by Rotation and to be allowed Five Pounds a year from the Parish and also to have a meeting to dine once a year at Finborough White Horse the Parish to allow Three Pounds a year towards the expense. Henry Hill George Davey Benjn. Cole Wm. Hunt Thos. Stearn Wm. Kemball John Fuller Isaac Cooper Isaac Grimwood P"^ for a Letter about the Distressed Irish... P"* for an Iron Chest for the Church At a Vestry meeting held this Day it was unanimously agreed by us the undersigned Parishoners of the said Parish to have the rough of the Church sealed, the walls white "washed and couloured the Pulpit Desk and Pewes painted at the expense of the Parish the Rev. Mr. Chas. Green agreeing to be the sum of Five Pounds towards the expence. Chas. Green, John Richer, Wm. II 2 II 7 I I 10 12 o 6 6 6 o o o o John Richer Thos. Stearn jr. John Barnes I o 2 10 o Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 74 History of the Parish of Buxhall Kemball, Thos Stearn, William Spink Junr., Mr. George Davey, Nelson Hatten, James Purr, Charles Scarf his x mark. October 4. P. Beetons Bill for Painting the Church P'' Sparrows Bill for Ceiling the Church Painting Church Doors 1830, April 18. P'' for flinging snow ... 1832, June 10. Councillors Opinion ... Journey to Bury 1833, Mr. Purrs winding up church clock' 1836, October i. P'' Going Bounds of the Parish i837> i839> June. Proclamation Jan. 12. Received at Alexanders Bank the dividends of the Gift of the late Elizabeth Sparke Garnham the sum of which was distributed in to the poor 1840, Feb. 10. P'' Ringers Queen's Marriage... 1842, June II. P'' for Prayer for Queen Oct. 2. P'' for Prayer for Good Crops 1 847, March 16. P* Mr. Merryweather of London for a Fire Engine per Contract ... April 16. Mr. Merryweather for the Fire Engine Aug. P'' Mr. Merryweather for new Junction Pipe Sept. I year rent Engine House ... II H 7 28 II 10 4 6 6 I I 5 I 5 2 II 6 2 10 I I 64 19 1 5 2 o 5 10 o o o 3* o o At a Vestry Meeting held this 24th day of March, 1849, it was agreed that a Brick Wall be built against the Church yard (next Mr. Kemball's orchard) 116 feet long, the foundation to be 18 inches in the Ground, 12 inches deep with 14 inch work and 4 feet high of 9 inch work, and 9 inch saddle coping set in cement. I hereby offer and agree to execute the above wall in a sound and workmanlike manner and find all materials labour and carriage for the sum of Twenty-two pounds, the Bricks to be good sound hard Kiln Burned red Bricks. Fran. Sparrow. 1851. Received of Mr. James Purr for use of Fire £ s. d. Engine at Mr. Gage's Fire ... ... ... ... iii 1 85 1, May. Beer for men working engine... ... ... • ... 6 December. Purr for Fire Engine ... ... ... ... ... i o ' This had heretofore appeared as Repairing Church Clock ys. 6d. In many years subsequently both items appear together. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Church, the Rectory, and the Parsons thereof 75 1853, March 28. At a Vestry Meeting held this day it was agreed that application be made to the Board of Guardians by the Guardian and Overseer for permission to appoint a permanent and paid Collector of rates at a salary of ^8 per annum. It was also agreed that the Overseer be requested to reduce the assessment rateably. And the Meeting is of opinion that somewhere about is. 5d. would be a fair valuation. It was also agreed that fractions be struck of the assessment so as to make a Collection on a penny rate possible. 1855, April 9. At a Vestry Meeting held this day it was agreed that the old Fence on the West side of the Churchyard be taken down and a new Iron Fence substituted at a cost of ;^22. Purr ^14 15 o for Iron fence Thurlow 750 for oak posts, fixing, and fixing Iron fence ^21 o o December 30. Hopsons Bill repairing Belfry steps ... ... ... 200 1859, April 25. At a Vestry Meeting held this Day on a motion being made for a rate it was opposed by Mr. Melton and the Meeting was adjourned to May loth 1859. At the adjourned Meeting held May loth a rate of 3d. in the pound was proposed, seconded and carried by a majority of 12 for and 3 against. A Poll was demanded by Mr. Melton which was at once commenced and closed according to resolution of vestry the numbers being 98 for and 20 against. 1873. Building new Church wall ... ... ... ... ^^25 o o At end of book is the following entry : — At a Vestry Meeting (held on the 15th day of June, 1844) of the Parishoners of the Parish of Buxhall, the following Resolution was drawn up by the Rev. Coppinger Hill and signed by the undermentioned occupiers — This is a Correct Copy of the Original which can be found in the Iron Chest. John RuffellI ^, , , •^ \ Churchwardens. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 76 History of the Parish of Buxhall Resolved, by the following persons present and authority given by the absent to the Churchwardens to act for them. That an Engine be purchased, the property of it to be vested in the Churchwardens for Ever. And that towards the expenses a rate of 6d. in the pound be levied. Revd. Charles Green, Rector. „ Coppinger Hill. William Kemball William Spink Thomas Pilgrim John Barnes John RufFell Samuel Cracknell Nelson Hatten Sarah Hunt Isaac Clover F. R. Melton Thomas Dykes James Purr Jeremiah Cropley James Goram John Spink William Kemball, jun. Inhabitants. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® M CHAPTER III The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords (i) Generally as to Jurisdiction. ANY and discordant have been the conjectures as to the etymology of the word manor,! but it is probably derived from mesner, signifying "to govern " or " to guide," because the lord of a manor has the guidance and direction of all his tenants within the limits of his territory: "And this," says Lord Coke, "I hold the most probable etymology and most agreeing with the pature of a manor, for a manor in these days signifies the jurisdiction and royalty incorporate, rather than the land or site." 2 This etymology accords with the nature of the thing. The chief or prince in most ages and nations possessed the civil with the military power; The baron led his tenants to war and administered justice among them in peace. His jurisdiction was commensurate with his territo^ His tenants assembled in his Aula, " Hall," or Court where justice and equity were dispensed. The Court, called the hall-mote from the place in which it was held, or the Court Baron from the territory to which it belonged, was absolutely incident to the manor. It was its very essence and appertained to it of necessity, just as the suit of Court, or the obligation of attendance, was inseparably incident to the £ef. Here justice was administered — not only by compelling the payment of debts and the performance of contracts, but also by redressing wrongs and punishing crimes. In the Court Baron 3 the suitors were judges ; the freeman could only be tried by his equals. Again, the lord had a court for his villeins who held at his will by copy, for the suitors in the Court Baron could not notice the claims of the villeins, who were a different order. In the Court of the Copyholders, or Customary Court, all the matters relative to the tenements held by copy were transacted. The lord him- ^ See Spelman's gloss, voce Manerum ; Coke's " Copyholds," §31; Perkins, § 670. ' "Copyholds," § 41. 3 A Treatise concerning a Manor and Court Baron will be found in Harl. MSS. 6714 and 7371. 77 Digitized by Microsoft® 78 History of the Parish of Buxhall self, or his steward, who sat for him was the judge of these courts. To the Customary Court the copyholders owed suit as the free tenants did to the Court Baron, and, like the latter, were denominated the homage — not indeed that the copyholders ever did homage expressly, as the free tenants did, for homage could only be done by a free man. The copyholders did fealty. The Court Rolls show how the little community was governed, what power was vested in the lord, how bakers and alesellers were regulated by " the Assize of Bread and Ale " and punished by fines and by stocks, how every inhabitant was bound to do suit and service, by attendance at least at the Leet Court, and nothing scarcely was too large, certainly nothing too small, for presentation to and adjudication by the Court Leet jury. The ancient local court in Saxon times was the County Court, with View of Frank-pledge. This was held once every four weeks for civil and criminal business. In this the Sheriff presided, but the suitors ot the Court as they were called, that is, the freemen and landholders of the county, were the judges, and the Sheriff was to execute the judgment, assisted, if need be, by the Bishop. Once a year at the Easter Tourn or Circuit, the Sheriff and the Bishop were to hold also a View of Frank-pledge. Since the time of Edgar this court seems to have been divided into two, the criminal matters, both ecclesiastical and civil, and also the View of Frank-pledge were despatched in one court, called the Tourn {i.e., Circuit), from the Bishop and Sheriff's going circuit through the county, and the civil business in another called the County Court. There was also the Hundred Court held monthly over ten tithings of ten families each, and the Tithing or Decennary Court presided over by the borsholder or tithing- man. The Frank-pledge or tithing consisted of ten households, and the master of each of these ten families was bound every one for the other, and for one another's family, that each man of their family should stand to the Law, or if he were not forthcoming that they should answer for the injury or offence. The Court in which the misdemeanors of these men were at first punished, but subsequently only presented, was the Sheriff's Turn which in process of time for convenience were kept In every hundred. The style of the Court was the View or Court of Franc-pledges or Freemen cast into Tithings, which View of Free Pledges was also for convenience granted to lords of manors by the King to have the view of tenants and residents within their manors. Old William Lambard In his " Duties of Constables, Borsholders, Tythlngmen and such other lowe and lay ministers of the Peace" (London, 16 14) gives a good Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 79 account of the View of Frank-pledge and the officers connected with it. He says : "By the ancient lawes of this realme (before the comming in of King Willia the Conquerour) it was ordained for y= more sure keeping of the Peace, and for the better repression of theeues and robbers, y' all free borne men should cast them- selues into seuerall companies, of ten in each companie, and that euery of those ten men of the companie, should be suretie and pledge for the forth-coming of his fellowes : so that if any harme were done by any of these ten against the peace, then the rest of the ten should be amerced, if he of their company that did the harme should flie, and were not foorth-comming to answere to that wherewith he should be charged. And for this cause, these companies be yet in some places of England (and namely with us in Kent) called Boroes, of the said word Borhes, Pledges, or sureties : albeit in the westerne parts of this Realme they be commonly named Tythings because they containe (as I told you) the number of ten men with their families. And euen as ten times ten do make an hundred ; so because it was then also appointed that ten of these companies should at certaine times meete together for their matters of greater waight, therefore that general assembly (or court) was (and yet is) called a Hundred. Furthemore it was the also ordained that if any man were of so eviJl credit that he could not get himselfe to be received into one of these Tythings or Boroes then he should bee shut up in prison, as a man unworthy to live at libertie amongst men abroad. Now whereas every of these Tithings (or Boroes) did use to make choise of one man amongst theselues, to speak, and to do in the name of them all, he was therefore in some places called the Tythingman, in other places the Boroes Elder (whom we now call Borsholder) in other places the Borohead or Headborow, and in some other places the chiefe pledge, which last name doth plainly expound the other three that are next before it ; for Head or Elder of y" Boroes and chiefe of the pledges, be all one And in some shires where euerie Thirdbarrow hath a Costable, there the officers of the other two be called Thirdborowes. Moreover in these Tithings (or Boroes) sundrie good orders were obseruer, and amongst others ; first, that euerie man of the age of xii yeares should be sworne to the King ; then that no man should be suffered to dwell in any towne or place unless he were also received into some such suretiship and pledge as is aforsaid. Thirdly y' if any of these pledges were imprisoned for his offence then he ought not to be deliuered without the assent of the rest of his pledges. Again, that no man might remoue out of one Tithing (or Boroe) to dwel in another without lawful warrat in that behalf. Lastly that euerie of these pledges should yearely be presented and brought forth by their Chiefe pledge Digitized by Microsoft® 8o History of the Parish of Buxhall at a general assembly for that purpose, which we yet in remembrance thereof do cal the View of Frankepledge, or the Leet Court " (p. 6). The principle of suretyship was the very foundation of the principles of Anglo- Saxon jurisprudence — no doubt borrowed from the Lombards. We find that King Edgar required that every man should be in surety both within and without the towns ; Canute that every freeman be brought within a hundred and into a Tithing ; and Edward the Confessor, that in all the vills throughout the kingdom all men should be in guarantee by tens, so that if one of the ten should offend, the other nine might hold him to right, or if wrong bring him to justice, before the court of freemen. The first William did not materially alter the nature of these courts and the process of change in their constitution and jurisdiction was gradual. The thirty- fourth provision of the Magna Carta of 12 15 was that certain writs should not deprive freemen of their right to the local jurisdiction of the Courts Leet and Baron. And after the Charter was embodied as a statute in the 9 Henry III., the 25 Edward L c. 35 declared that the County Court should be held monthly, and the sheriff or his baiUff keep his Tourn but twice in the year and the View of Frank-pledge once, so that every man might have his liberties and that the tithing be wholly kept as accustomed. There can be no doubt that Lord Coke is right when he asserts that the Courts Leet were carved out of the Courts of the Tourn, " for the ease of the populace, that they should have justice done them at their own doors." "But," says Creasy,' "it is more probable that they were the original hundred courts of the Saxon times, though the area of the manor often became the area of the jurisdiction, instead of the old area of the hundred. The right of holding a Court Leet was often granted to the lord of a manor, partly for the benefit of his tenants resident in the manor, and partly for the benefit of the lord himself: who besides the judicial authority and dignity which he gained, derived pecuniary advantages from the fines and fees of court. The criminal jurisdiction both of the tourn and the leet was reduced within somewhat narrow limits by the 24th clause of John's Magna Carta? But these courts still continued to be of practical importance in many matters of local self-government. Besides the important duty of the View of Frank-pledge, the assembled inquest or jury of the leet inquired and made presentments respecting persons of notorious evil fame ; respecting cheats, especially with regard to vendors of unwholesome provisions ; respecting escapes from prisons, breaches of the peace, public nuisances, and many ' " Rise and Progress of the English Constitution." ^ No sheriff, constable, coroner, or other our bailiffs shall hold pleas of the Crown. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 8i other subjects. The Court Leet (or the Tourn) could impose a fine or amercement on any person who was prosecuted as an offender in any of these respects, and such fine or amercement could be levied by distress." The vill of Buxhall was a tithing in itself, and the tithing-man was here called the Headborough. The Manorial Court of Buxhall had not merely the right to execute the law of frank-pledge, to take the profits arising from this and to prevent the sheriff from meddling with the lord's tenants, but also the right to hold twice a year a Court Leet.i The lord of the manor swore in the body of jurors — often they were the chief pledges or heads of the tithings— and put before them those same "articles of the view" which the sheriff employed in his "tourn." The minor offences were punished on the spot by amercements which went to swell the lord's revenue. But probably the pecuniary profit was in the eyes of the lord a small matter when compared with the substantial power over his tenants which was thus secured. Twice a year the villagers, bond and free, had to report themselves and tell tales one of another, while no tale went outside the manor to the ears of jealous neighbours or rapacious officials. Probably the tenants also were the gainers by the franchise ; they could manage their own affairs without the interference of " foreigners." In whose name soever the Court Leet was held, it was accounted the King's Court, because the authority originally belonged to the Crown.^ The lord had also the assize of bread and beer — the power ot enforcing the general ordinances fixing the prices at which these might be sold. There is an assize of bread from Henry II. 's reign, one from John's, another from Henry III., which two latter deal with beer also. Out of the beer the lords made considerable profit.S All who had brewed in the village against the assize were presented in the Manorial Court by the jurors. Consequent on this franchise were pillory and tumbrel, or ducking-stool, and so necessary were these judicialia, ' The origin of the term Leet is not clear. The word was used in Domesday Book and may possibly have relation to the division of the country for the purpose of taxation— from the Danish liega described by Dr. Skeat as a division of the country (in Denmark) for military conscription (Round's "Feudal England," p. lo). Lord Coke derives the name " Leet " from the Saxon verb gelathian or gelethian, to " assemble together;" others from li^t, signifying judgment- "because this court redressed wrongs by way of judgment against any person of the Frank-pledge who had done any wrong or injury to another." Others again derive it from the Saxon leod, " people," and hold it to mean the populi curia, or " folk- mote." Scriven derives it from the word let, "to assign" or grant, by reason of its being a juridical franchise, held by a subject under the Crown. Others consider the word to be leta from the Saxon lite, i.e., parvus, quasi, a little court, or from the German laet, a country judge. " Kitchin, fol. 6. 3 Pollock and Maitland, "Laws of England," i. 569. 12 Digitized by Microsoft® 82 History of the Parish of Buxhall or instruments of justice, that were they wanting the lord was liable to the loss of the franchise. The Court Rolls of Buxhall show that the body of persons who attended the Court, certainly in the time of Edward VI., represented the township. It was not merely the Court of the manor, but practically the Court of the vill — i.e., of the township. This may not have been the case in very early times, for in the vill there were three other manors, but none of these had the right of view of frank-pledge. It was not the case of a chief and three sub-manors, for these other manors held Courts and had lands in demesne, freehold tenants and villeins, and each held of the king, tracing his title through a different series of mesne lords. The fact is clear from the Rolls that the Manorial Court governed the whole vill. The vill and township are usually taken to be synonymous, but the villata or township really answered to the tract of land and the villa or vill to the community or organised body of the inhabitants, a distinction not unfrequent in early documents. If a crime took place in the villa, the town of Buxhall, villata, the township of Buxhall was answerable. "An ordinance of 1233 provided that in every villa watch should be kept throughout the night by four men at the least. This was repeated in 1252, and at the same time new provision was made for enforcing the assize of arms. The original assize of 1 1 8 1 had not treated the villata as an organised entity ; it had required that individuals should have the armour suitable to their station. The ordinance of 1252 decreed that in every town- ship a constable or two constables should be appointed and a chief constable in every hundred to convene the iurati ad arma. In 1253 this is supplemented by a provision that arms necessary for the pursuit of malefactors are to be provided at the cost of the township and are to remain to the use of the township. The whole system of the assize of arms and of watch and ward was consolidated and enforced in 1285 by the statutes of Winchester ; the constabulary and the militia took the form that they were to keep during the rest of the Middle Ages." i The learned authors of the present text-book of the "History of the English Law" fully grasp the difficulty of accounting for the exercise of jurisdiction by the Manorial Court over the whole vill in cases where there were other manors within the same juris- diction, and they say referring to such a case : " How then were the internal affairs of the vill regulated ? It may seem to us that there we ought to be able to detect some organisation of the vill that is not manorial, not feudal, some 'township moot' or some intermanorial organisation. The township must have a reeve, the township must send four good men to Court, the township must capture felons and keep them ' Pollock and Maitland, "Hist, of the English Law," i. 552. Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 83 in custody, the township must make all manner of payments, periodic ^nd occa- sional. How can these duties be apportioned if there be no Court, assembly, governing body of the vill ? We have looked for such organisation in our documents without finding it."' The Court Leet of Buxhall Manor certainly exercised important functions in early days, and looked well after the morals and generally protected the interests of those within its precincts. The entries in the Court Rolls evidencing this are extremely numerous. A few extracts will show the nature of the jurisdiction exercised. WEDNESDAY, APRIL I4, 2'] ELIZ. The Jurors present that all the inhabitants and residents within the precincts of this Leet are guilty of offences for not using caps on Sundays and feast days against the form of the Statute in such like cases lately edited and provided (Stat. 13 Eliz. c. 19). Therefore each of them in mercy for their individual offence in that behalf iij^- iiij''.^ And that Robert Copinger gentleman George Dickenson clerk, John Salter I Pollock and Maitland, "Hist, of the English Law," i. 559. ^ This for those days was an extremely heavy fine. As to wearing hats upon Sundays and holidays, the Act of 8 Eliz. cap. ii. (1565), intituled "An Act for uttering of caps, and for true making of hats and caps," in its preamble sets forth that "great multitudes of the Queen's Majesty's true subjects using the art of making woollen caps, are impoverished and decayed by the excessive use of hats and felts and thereby divers good cities and towns brought to desolation, great plenty of strange commodities with- out necessity consumed, and great number of people enforced to depend upon the having of foreign wools, to the discommodity of this realm, the disfurniture of service to be done to the queen's majesty, and greater evident dangers if remedy be not provided." The second section enacts that none shall work hats with foreign wool but such as have been apprentices to hat making. The third section prohibits making or selling caps of felt, or of any woollen cloth not knit. The fourth prescribes the thickening or fulling of caps. The fifth enacts "that no man under the degree of a knight, or of a lord's son, shall wear any hat or upper cap of velvet, or covered with velvet (los.) whereof one moiety shall be to the queen's majesty, and the other moiety to such person then using the feat of cap-making as will sue for the same in any court of record ; wherein no essoign protection or wager of law, for the defendant, shall be admitted or allowed." This Act not being found sufiicient to "protect" the cap-makers from the hat-wearers, another Act was passed in 1570 (13 Eliz. c. 19) which required that every person above the age of seven years should wear upon the Sabbath and holy day (unless in the time of their travels out of their towns, hamlets, &c.) upon their head a cap of wool, knit, thicked and dressed in England, made within this realm, and only dressed and finished by some of the trade of cappers (for every day 3s. 4d.), except maids, ladies, gentlewomen, noble personages, and every lord, knight and gentleman of twenty marks' land, and their heirs, and such as have borne ofiice of worship in any city, borough, town, hamlet, or shire ; and the wardens of the worshipful companies of London. This Act was repealed by the 39 Eliz. c. 18, s. 45 (1597). Digitized by Microsoft® 84 History of the Parish of Buxhall son of Edward Salter, John Salter junior, Thomas Beamyshe, John Curtys, and Thomas Martyn are common players at unlawful games called " At Bowles " within the precincts of this Leet contrary to the form of the Statute in such like cases lately published and provided (Stat. 17 Edw. IV. c. 3). Therefore each of them in mercy iij"^.' And that the inhabitants and parishioners of Buxhall, residing within the precincts of this Leet are guilty of offences for not providing and having a sufficient snare called " A Rooke Nett " contrary to the form of the Statute in such like case published and provided. Therefore they are in mercy iij''. And it is commanded to them to provide and have a sufficient snare according to the form of the Statute aforesaid before the feast of All Saints next ensuing under the penalty that they should forfeit to the lady x^ WEDNESDAY, JANUARY I4, 32 ELIZ. And that every boy of the age of seven years and upwards and every man ot the age of seventeen years and upwards dwelling within the precincts of this Leet, is guilty of divers offences done contrary to the Statute published and provided for the use of bows and arrows, for that after the last Leet here held they have not used their bows and arrows according to the form of the said Statute, but have made default therein in contempt of the lady the Queen and contrary to the tenor ' King Edward III., in the thirty-ninth year of his reign (1365), forbade the casting of the bar, the hand, and foot balls, cock-fighting, "i?^ alios ludos vanos" but without effect, till they were some of them forbidden by Act of Parliament. By 17 Edward IV. cap. 3 (1477), whosoever shall occupy a house or place of closh, kayles, half-bowl, hand-in, hand-out, or queck-board, shall be three years imprisoned and forfeit 20' ; and he that will use any of the said games shall be two years imprisoned and forfeit 10'. In 28 Henry VIII. (1536) proclamation was made against all unlawful games and commissions awarded into all the counties of England for the execution thereof; so that in all places, tables, dice, cards, and bowls were taken and burnt. By the 33 Henry VIII. (1541), cap. 9, justices and officers were empowered to enter houses suspected of unlawful games and to arrest and imprison the gamesters, &c., and by this Statute no artificer, apprentice, labourer, or servant shall play at tables, tennis, dice, cards, bowls, cloish, quoiting, and loggating out of Christmas time. Cloish or closh was, if not the same, exceedingly like kayles. It was played with pins thrown at with a bowl instead of a truncheon, and resembled the modern ninepins. Loggats was a game analogous to closh, but played chiefly by boys and rustics, who substituted bones for pins, and threw at them with another bone. Half-bowl was played with pins, and one-half of a sphere of wood, upon the floor of a room. The game was later known as rolly-polly. Hand-in and hand-out was a ring game, played by boys and girls, like kissing-ring. Queck-board was a game like shovel or shuffle board, queck being a push or blow. Even the licence at Christmas time was limited, play being only allowed in the " presence of their masters." Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 85 of the Statute aforesaid. Therefore each of them forfeited to the lady the penalty in the said Statute contained. But the lady by her especial grace at the humble petition of the said Inhabitants as much as in her is, pardoned to them, all the forfeitures abovesaid except vj^ viij"* from all of them, equally to be levied, which it is commanded to the BailifF to levy of the said Inhabitants to the behoof the lady, &C.I TUESDAY, AUGUST 3I, 33 ELIZ. And that the Inhabitants within the parish of Buxhall aforesaid have not a certain snare called a "Crowe nett"- within the parish aforesaid to take crows doing damage there against the form of the Statute in such like case published and provided. Therefore they have forfeited to the lady the penalty in the said Statute contained. But by the grace of the lady and her court aforesaid their abovesaid forfeitures at this Leet are taxed at iij^ iiij^ upon them. And the lady of this Manor of her especial grace at the humble petition of the said inhabitants as much as in her is, pardoned to them the residue of their forfeitures now due, &c. Therefore it is commanded to the BailifF of this Manor to levy of the inhabitants aforesaid within the precincts of the Leet aforesaid for their offences aforesaid iij^ iiij''. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 4 JAMES I. The Jurors say upon their oath that the tenant or farmer of a certain piece of land called Kinchans who as they believe ought to cleanse one pit belonging to the said piece of land lying in Buxhall next adjoining the highway and on the opposite side of the place called Woodstreet in Buxhall aforesaid, did not cleanse the pit aforesaid to the annoyance of divers tenants of this Manor and of others the subjects of the lord the King. Therefore the said tenant or farmer in mercy ilij'', it is commanded to him to amend the pit aforesaid before the feast of the ' Every one being a subject of the King under sixty years of age not lame nor having any hindrance ought to shoot in the long-bow, and to have one bow and arrows as followeth : Every manchild in the house from seven years old to seventeen ought to have one bow and two shafts. Every one from seventeen to forty, one bow and four arrows. No one under the age of twenty-four ought to shoot at pricks [wands or rods] nor at twelve score [yards] or under one shaft or flight. Forfeiture 6s. 8d. for every three months not having these bows and arrows. The forfeiture for such shooting at pricks is /\.d. the shoot, and at twelve score and under as above 6s. 8d. the shoot, by the Statute 33 Henry VIII. cap. I. (Kitchin). ^ The fine was los. for not being provided with any crow-nets, forfeitable to the King and lord of the manor equally, z^j. Henry VIII, g, 10, revived by 8 Eliz. cap. 15. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 86 History of the Parish of Buxhall Nativity of our Lord next ensuing after the heading of this Court upon pain of forfeiture to the lord of the manor aforesaid los. The Jurors aforesaid say also upon their oath that a certain Robert Lockewood who ought to cleanse as they think a certain pit belonging to the Manor of Kocksalles lying next on the opposite side of the place called Woodstreet, in Buxhall within the precints of this Leet, did not cleanse the pit aforesaid to the annoyance of divers the subjects of the lord the King. Therefore he is in mercy iiij'', it is commanded to him to cleanse the aforesaid pit before the feast of the Nativity of our Lord next ensuing after the heading of this Court, upon pain of forfeiture to the lord of this manor los. In a Court held Oct. 6, i Jac. I., there are some interesting findings as to breaches of provisions of Acts of Parliament. The Court fines one Joseph Wade for having " watered " hempe or flax in a place where " beaste doe use to drinke," and the constables, John Salter and Daniel Rychars, for breach of the provisions of the 13 Edw. I. cap. i, namely, that "the watch ought to begin at the feast ot the Ascension and ought to be houlden vntell the feast of Set. Michaell all the night from the settinge of the sunne vntell the rysinge ; " and one William Bell, for having put to pasture in a common place " a hors infested with glaunders." i The Manor of Buxhall was in early days of considerable extent and value. In the time of Henry VIII. there were about 80 free tenants and 30 copyholders. The free tenants held in Buxhall over 322 acres, and in Finborough 78 acres. They also held 38 separate tenements. Even as late as 1777, according to a survey made that year, there were copyhold tenants holding over 200 acres of the Manor, and a considerable number of free tenants owing fealty and suit of Court and paying a quit rent. Much of the copyhold since 1777 has been purchased by the lord and thus extinguished, but there are still nearly 100 acres held in various small tenancies as copyhold of the manor. The Court Rolls are intact from the reign of Henry VIII. to the present time, and Courts Baron have been held regularly down to the present day. The Court of the Manor, by custom, chose the Constables for the year, and it seems generally to have had an eye on parish matters. Thus, for instance, in 1558 it ordered that William Syer should procure for his windmill such honest men as ' If any horse or mare be put on the waste and be scabbed or mangy, or have any infectious disease its owner forfeits to the lord of the Frank-pledge los. by 32 Henry VIII. c. 13. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 87 should grind wheat or other grain of any of the neighbours, and besides make the " mele " lawfully without any fraud or deceit or any other diminution of the tolls, except under penalty of x' forfeited to the lord of the manor, to be levied on the goods and chattels to the use of the lord, &c. The Court imposed fines for neglect to repair the Customary, and the free tenements, for trespassing, for cutting timber, for obstructing of ways, and so forth. One or two extracts will demonstrate this more clearly : — SEPTEMBER 30, I ELIZ. Robert Warren has not as yet repaired his Tenement as had in penalty at the last Court. Therefore that penalty is forfeited, and it is commanded to the afore- said Robert to repair the Tenement aforesaid in all things before the feast of Pente- cost next ensuing under penalty of v^' APRIL 14, 5 ELIZ. The homage say that Thomas Passefont Rector of the parish Church of Buxhall is a common trespasser in the wood of the lord in cutting divers " les bunches of broche woude " without leave. Therefore &c. [Fined vj"*] And it is commanded to him henceforth not to do so upon pain of xij''- THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 3O, 5 ELIZ. Whereas at the Court here held on xiiij day of April in the yea:r abovesaid it being presented by the homage that Edward Bradstrete bond tenant of the lord was cutting vij oaks called " Pollynges " to the value of three shillings and sixpence growing upon the Close called Tyllys without the leave of the lord whereupon it was inrolled by the steward that the aforesaid Edward should be in mercy. And that henceforth he should not do so. And whereas upon scrutiny of the ancient Court Rolls aforesaid, to wit : of the year xxj Edward the fourth, xxxvj Henry the Eighth and divers others, it is sufficiently certain to the Court that in the hke case the lands in such manner wasted in those times for such waste ought to be seized into the hands of the lord as if forfeited. The Steward now at this Court, according to the form of the entries of the aforesaid Ancient Rolls and according to the custom of the manor aforesaid made order to the Collector to seize the close aforesaid for that cause into the hands of the lord. And to answer to the lord for the issues therein arising &c., whereupon came the aforesaid Edward Bradstrete in his own person before that the Collector had seized the Close Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 88 History of the Parish of Buxhall aforesaid and acknowledged that he for the cause abovesaid had forfeited the Close aforesaid according to the custom of the manor and this rightly and justly &c. And he put himself upon the grace of the lord, where upon the lord at the special request of the steward and divers of his friends and for a certain competent fine to him by the aforesaid Edward paid, remitted and released the forfeiture of the Close aforesaid and re-granted the Close aforesaid to the aforesaid Edward, to hold to him and his heirs as in its original state, &c. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 6, 4 JAC. I. In this full Court the lord of the manor of his especial grace pardoned John Pilbarowe for cutting before this Court " an oakinge Cobb " upon customary land which he holds by copy of Court Rolls of his manor to him and his heirs for ever in Buxhall aforesaid by the surrender of John Baker and also now he gave leave to the said John Pilbarowe to cut down upon the land aforesaid and from thence to carry away two other " oakeing cobbes " and one elm called "a right upe ell" to repair and mend one tenement in Buxhall aforesaid called Hatter which the aforesaid John Pilbarrowe likewise holds by copy of Court Rolls of the manor afore- said to him and his heirs by the surrender of the said John Baker which same licence the aforesaid John Pilbarowe asks to be enrolled in the Rolls of this Court, &c. FRIDAY, MAY I7, 9 JAMES I. The Jurors say upon their oath that Henry Kymball, customary tenant of this manor since the last Court for this manor " hath caused to be felled and cutt downe by his assignement " thirty-five trees called " cobbynges and stantyves " upon the demesne lands of the lord, growing in the hedge or fence which the said Henry by his tenure at his own costs and charges always and from time to time for ever ought to repair and keep in repair, being between the wood of the lord called Pyes Wood in Buxhall and the customary lands of the said Henry next adjoining the wood aforesaid as appears by the Rolls of Court Baron for this manor here held on the last day of the month of September being .in the first year of the reign of the lady Elizabeth late Queen of England &c. The Jurors aforesaid present also that the said Henry Kymball lately cut down certain other trees called "right upes and stubbinges," and also the underwood growing in the wood aforesaid to the quantity of half an acre to the great prejudice and damage of the said lord of three pounds of lawful money of England, &c. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 89 The Court on many occasions found that the bridges in the parish were out of repair and required the inhabitants to amend under a penalty. In the 24 Eliz. a certain Geoffrey Packard, farmer of Thomas Martyn, was fined for obstructing a way to Blackmans, part of the Buxhall estate. Packard had dug a ditch across the way and had cut and thrown down two trees to act as obstructions. The Court also dealt with cases of overcharging of the commons. Thus : — THURSDAY, APRIL 26, 35 ELIZ. They found that John Wade since the last Court here held unjustly over- charged the commons and waste lands of the lady of this manor called " the Grenewaye at Bradbrooke street " in putting and keeping more cattle upon them than by right he ought to the harm of others of the Inhabitants who ought to have common. Therefore he is in mercy iij'^ and it is ordained by the homage aforesaid and also it is commanded to the said John that henceforth he do not offend in like sort under penalty that he shall lose and forfeit to the lady iij^- iiij''- There is a strange instance in the time of Elizabeth of a free tenant refusing to be sworn. The entry is rather interesting : — SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 6 ELIZ. Whereas from the whole time of which the memory of men exists not to be contrary within the manor aforesaid such a custom was had that every free tenant of this manor ought to swear the oath of the same free tenant before the Steward of the Court of the manor aforesaid, that they would faithfully present in all articles touching the Court and if any free tenant should refuse to be sworn to enquire in form aforesaid, the Steward holding that Court according to his discretion ought and from the whole time aforesaid is accustomed to amerce that Tenant so refusing to be sworn according to the quantity of the default and he shall be able to assess the damage which by the estimation of the same Steward is due to the lord seised of the manor aforesaid for the contempt aforesaid. And now in this Court a certain Thomas Selowes alias Smythe, a free tenant of this manor, being in Court to enquire and present concerning articles touching the Court before the Steward of the Court, refused to be sworn in contempt of the Court and contrary to the custom aforesaid. Therefore the same Thomas Selowes alias Smythe is amerced by the Steward of the Court at xP &c. In the third year of Elizabeth this same Selowes,. by the name of Smythe, was 13 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® go History of the Parish of Buxhall sworn bailiiF. Two other cases of copyhold tenants refusing to be sworn occurred in a court held Wednesday, June i, 22 Eliz., 1580. The men were John Jower and William Syer, and each was fined in the more moderate sum of v". The guardianship of an infant copyholder belongs in this manor to the lord, and he is entitled to appoint a guardian, and the wardship of the lord is on feudal principles " without account," i.e., he is entitled to retain for himself the surplus of the income after maintaining the infant.' Of course this wardship, like that in military tenure, only arises in respect of infants entitled by descent. But the copyholder cannot dispose by will of the guardianship of his infant heir to the detriment of the custom.^ Probably in the present day this decision would be held to apply only to the copyhold tenement and not to the person of the heir. The person claiming to be guardian must be admitted on the rolls for the sake of filling the tenancy ; and if he will not apply for admittance the lord may appoint a guardian for the purpose. 3 Wardship was at one time rather profitable, and the buying and selling of it not uncommon. Not far from Buxhall we have an illustration. By deed 10 Hen. VIII., Sir William Waldegrave, Knt., sold to Margaret Drury, of Rougham, widow, the wardship of Edmund Wrest, to be married to Dorothy Drury, her daughter. And the same good lady by another deed bought of Robt. RadclifFe, Lord Fitzwalter and Egremont, the wardship of Elizabeth Day, a rich heiress, whom she married to her second son Francis. The same rule as to guardianship applied as well to the free tenants as to the copyholders, at least where they held by knight's service, as many of the free tenants of the Buxhall Manor did. Thus we find at a Court held Sept. 30, 1 1 Eliz., it was commanded to the bailiff that he " take into the hands of the lord one messuage and 6 acres of land late of James Carter held of the Manor by knight's service and ys. yjd. j.gj^j. yearly as appears in the year 35 Edw. III., and also take the body of the heir of the aforesaid James and answer to the lord for the issues." Again, in a later Court held Tuesday, Oct. 7, 14 Eliz., "it was commanded to the bailiff to seize into the hands of the lady not only the lands and tenements called Taylers and Wygmans held by knight's service of the manor during the minority of John Carter son and heir of James Carter deceased, who now is aged xij years, but also the body of the aforesaid John as ward of the lady, to whom his marriage belongs. ' Anon. (1578) I Leon. 266. ^ Clench v. Cudmore (1691), Lutwyche, 1181, and 3 Levinz 395. 3 II Geo. IV. and i Will. IV. (1830) c. 65, ss. 3-5. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 91 And that he do answer of the issues of the lands aforesaid to the lady until," &c. A similar proceeding took place in the case of Thomas Ryvett on the death of his father, Thomas Ryvett, who was lord of the Manor of Fennhall, and who held about 40 acres as free tenant of the Manor of Buxhall. (2) As to the Devolution of the Manor and its Lords. It is said that manors were not known to the Saxons — in fact Lord Coke has such a statement, but he adds : " Yet in effect they had manors in those days in circumstance peradventure something varying in substance surely nothing differing from our manors at this day ; they wanted neither demesnes nor services, the two material causes of a manor as Fulbeck termeth them. Their demesne they termed Inlands, because the lords kept them in their own hands and enjoyed them in their own possession ; their services they termed Utlands, because those lands were in the manurance and occupation of certain tenants who in consideration of the profits arising out of these lands, were bound to perform unto their lords certain duties and services." The Manor of Buxhall in the time of Edward the Confessor, belonged to [1050.J Leswin Croc, who had also the advowson of the Church. Domesday Survey informs us that to the Manor, Norman son of Tancred added 3 freemen under the King's protection and soc with 24 acres. Leswin Croc had the soc and sac over the Hall and the bordars. But it is added the soc was in the hundred. A Hall, Aula, Halla or Haula, or chief mansion house, was the usual appendage of a manor. It did not necessarily include sac and soc, for a person might have his aulam without any jurisdiction. A certain number of freemen or socmen were necessary to every lord of a manor for holding the pleas of the Manor Court or soke. Saca was the power and privilege of the lord of a manor of holding pleas and of hearing and determining causes and disputes, levying fines and administering justice within a certain precinct. Soca was the territory or precinct in which the Saca and other privilege were exercised.' "Whatever the exact meaning of the individual words ' "Soca, soke," says Kelham, "generally signifies franchise, liberty, or jurisdiction; sometimes a territory or princinct ; sometimes a rent paid for using the land with some privilege or liberty or for the protection of the land." ("Domesday Book Illustrat., 330.") Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 92 History of the Parish of Buxhall " sac and soc," together they mean the power of exercising private jurisdiction and the right to take and enjoy the profits thereof. Roger Pictaviensis. The first Norman lord of Buxhall was Roger of Poictou, third son of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury, by Mabel his wife, daughter and heiress of William Talvace, a person of great power and note in the time of Richard, Duke of Normandy, and brother to Robert, lord of Belesme, and Hugh de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury. He was surnamed Pictaviensis, i.e., of Poictou, because of his marriage with Almodis, Countess of March, who possessed great estates in that province. He had nothing at all of his father's inheritance, but was a military man, and advanced by William the Conqueror to the dignity of an earl. He, as Dugdale says, " in wealth and power, having the Earldom of Lancaster, and all that part of Lancashire which lieth betwixt the Rivers of Ribble and Mersey and other great possessions in that and other counties of the Conqueror's gift, was not only a good friend to the Abbey of Shrewsbury, his father's foundation, by giving it the Churches of Kirkeham, Waleton, and Biscopeham and also the lordships of Pulton, Orciton and Biscopeham, with the fisheries of Thelewell (all in Lancashire)," but was liberal to various charities. He founded the Priory alien at Lancaster. Between the first division of property by William the First and the time of Domesday Survey however the possessions of Roger de Poictou were forfeited to the Crown in con- sequence of his defection from the royal cause, he having taken part in the rising in favour of Duke Robert of Normandy. Notwithstanding this he is found as the owner of the Manor of Buxhall in Domesday Survey, and if the restoration had not previously taken place, it is clear that on the accession of William Rufus his estates were restored to him. He supported William II., but on his death took part with his own brother, Robert de Belesme, Earl of Shrewsbury, in his rebellion against Henry I. on behalf of Robert Duke of Normandy, and was again deprived of his possessions and banished the kingdom, his princely inheritance passing, in II02, to King Henry I., and from him, in 1135, to King Stephen. The manor probably remained in the Crown till Henry II. 's time, for though the Honor of Lancaster, of which it was part, was bestowed on Ranulf de Briscasard (styled also de Meschines), the third Earl of Chester, probably about 1141 (for Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 93 the precise date is not known) ' the manor and demesne land did not pass with it. The difference between an honor and a manor must be borne in mind, the former is a combination of several of the latter. The difference consists principally in the much, greater extent of the former and in the courts held in each. A manor, as we have seen, is composed of demesne and services to which belong a three weeks' court where the freeholders, being tenants of the manor, sit covered and give judgment in all suits that are there pleaded. But an honor has either a castle, as at Lancaster, or at least the site of a castle or some principal house of state, and consists of demesne and services to which a number of manors and lordships with all their appurtenances and other royalties are annexed. To every manor, as we have shown, a Court Baron is attached. In an honor an honourable court is kept once every year at least, and oftener if required, at which court all the freeholders of all the manors which are united to the honor make their appearance, and in which suitors do not sit, but stand bareheaded. In that court should be hung a cloth of state, and there should be a chair of state, upon which should be laid a cushion of cloth of gold, having embroidered thereon the arms belonging to the honor. The Honor of Lancaster did not remain long peacefully in the hands of the third Earl of Chester. He rebelled, and in the eleventh year of Stephen was taken prisoner at Northampton. In 1150, while assisting at the knighting of Henry, Duke of Normandy at Carlisle, by David, King of Scotland, he came to an agree- ment with that king that instead of Carlisle, which Ranulf claimed, he should have the Honor of Lancaster, and that his son should marry one of the daughters of Henry, son to the King of Scotland. This seems to have come to nothing, and subsequently the Earl arrived at an arrangement with King Stephen, who by charter granted to the Earl, amongst other possessions, " all the lands of Roger de Poictou from Northampton to Scotland, excepting that which belonged to Roger de Montebegou in Lincolnshire. Likewise all the lands between the rivers Ribble and Mersey." Henry the Second, when still Duke of Normandy only, had previously, by his charter sealed at Devizes, in Wiltshire, also granted and confirmed to the Earl all his posses- sions, and in particular " all the Honor (i.e., the Barony) of Earl Roger de Poictou wherever it lay," and also the whole Honour of Eye which Robert Malet, his mother's uncle, had. 2 The Earl was poisoned in 11 53 by William Peverel and ' Harl. MSS. 7386. ^ This Charter is amongst the deeds of the Duchy of Lancaster in the Public Record Office [1135-1141]. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 94 History of the Parish of Buxhall others, and his son Hugh, surnamed Kevelive or Cyveline, joining with the King of Scots and the Earl of Leicester and others in the rebellion of 1173, was taken at Alnwick, and the forfeiture of his estate followed as the result. King Henry II., therefore, either at his accession, by reason of the Manor not having passed with the grant of the Honor of Lancaster to the Earl of Chester, or in 11 73 on the for- feiture by reason of its having passed, gained possession of it, had the Manor of Buxhall. It seems practically certain that the Manor did form part of the Honor of Lancaster. It is said in the Ipswich Great Domesday (book vi.) that the Honor of Lancaster held one knight's fee in Buxhall and two knights' fees in Finborough. In the Testa de Nevill the successor of Roger Pictavensis is also said to have held one knight's fee in Buxhall of the same honor, and in the Inquisition post mortem on Thomas as Earl of Lancaster, i Edw. III., this also is stated to be the case. Yet the Fine Rolls, 38 Hen. III., show that the Manor and demesne lands are held directly of the King, and fealty is ordered to be made ; and John Copinger, in 1 5 12, resists a claim successfully of the Duchy of Lancaster. No record of the grant has been found, but it is clear that the Manor of Buxhall was granted by Henry II., about 11 76, to Roger de Esturmy, of Stratton, co. Norfolk, probably a son of Richard Esturmy, 5 Stephen,' a son of the Esturmy, whose name appears on the Roll of Battle Abbey. 2 He was living I Richard, for in the Pipe Rolls of that year, in the returns for the Honor of Lancaster, we have the following : — . . . vie' deb', xx. s'. de Scutag'. Galweie. q' exigendi s't a Rog'o Esturmi. In the 33 Hen. II. the escuage from the Array of Galway came to be put in charge. It was xxs. per fee. The devolution of the Manor in the Esturmy family is thus traced in a MS. entitled, " Antiquitates SufFolciensis, or an Essay towards recovering some Account of the Ancient Families in the County of Suffolk." 3 The Collection was mostly made by Sir Richard Gipps, Knt., of Great Whelnetham, Suffolk : — "Sturmy, anciently Esturmy. Sir Roger was lord of Buxhall in Stow ' Madox, "Hist, of Exch.," p. loi. ■^ Andrew's "Hist, of Great Britain," i. 458. 3 Brit. Mus. Add. MSS., 20695. Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 95 Hundred, 38 Hen. III. There were 5 Knts. successively in this family, Sir Wm., Sir Rob. his son, Sir Roger his son, Sir Wm. his son who lived 2 Edw. II. and Sir Wm. his son who ab' 40 Edw. III. left Rhoisoia, his sole daughter and heir marry'd to William Clements of Stow, by whom he had issue Emma his sole daughter and heir, marry'd to John Cakestreet, who left Alice his sole daughter and heir marrv'd to John Sorrell whose sole daughter and heir marry'd to John Copinger. They bore quarterly G. and or. upon a Bend, az (? sa.) 3 plates." The descent here given of the Esturmy family is no more correct than is the statement of the arms of the Copingers, but the start is good. No doubt Sir Richard had come across the Inquisition post mortem on Roger de Sturmy made 38 Henry III. ; the proper devolution is as follows : — 12 10 (14 John) Sir WilHam Esturmy, son of Roger, High Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1214, died c, 9 Henry III., 1225. [1225] Sir Robert Esturmy, his son and heir, d. 28 Henry III. (1244). 1244 Sir Roger Esturmy, his son and heir, d. 38 Henry III. (1253). The Inquisition on his death is as follows : — Roger de Sturmy. Inquisition post mortem. 38 Henry III., No. 23. E. diuina permissione Abb's de Persor' et J. Fresel dil'co s' d'no Will'o Russel coescaetor' suo in Com' Suff' sal'm Mandatu d'ni Reg' suscepimus in hec v'ba H. d'i gr'a t'c Abb'ti de person'e et Jacobo Fresel escaetoribus suis sal'm Mandamus vob' q'd per sac'mentu prober' et legal' hominu diligent' inqulratis q'ntu t're Rog's de Sturmy tenuit de nob' in capite in Com' Suff' et per quod s'uiciu et q'ntu de aliis et q'ntu t're ilia valeat per annu in oi'bz exitibz t're et quis propinquior h'es eius sit et cui' etatis et inquisicom f cam sub sigill' v'ris et sigill' eorum per quos f ca fu'it cosilio n'ro comoranti in Angl' s'n dilac'oe mittatis et hoc b're T'. A. regina nr'a et R Com' Cornub' f re n'ro ap'd Wind' v die marcii a r' n' xxxviij. Et ideo vob' mandamus q'tm' perdc'm mandatu d'ni Reg' plene exeq'mini et inqulc'om inde f'cum sub sigillo v'ro et sigill' eorum per quos f'ca fu'it sn' dil' nob' mittatis et hoc b're. Extent'o f c'a ap'd Buxhale man'iu quod fuit Rog' Le Esturmy per sac'ment' xij Lib'orum et leg' hominu per Will'm Russel excaetorem i' com' Suff' vigilia S'ei Gregorii anno r' r' H. fil' r' Joh' xxxviij. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 96 History of the Parish of Buxhall Noi'a Jur' Gaufr' de Glanuil' Will's Seneloue Gaufr' Le Pere Walt' de Brdebroc Will's Cristemasse Lucas Le Due Will's die' de Cambes Will's Aldred Rob' de Glaunuiir Arnald' del Pertre Will's de Bruford Will's Copina Jur' dicut D' terra Arab'li iiij"" acr' et vj vn' q'libet ac' p'ciat' ad ijd'. Sum^ xiiij sol' iiijd'. D' pastur' iij sol'. D' Boxo ij sol' D' Cur' cu gardino ij sol'. D' Reddit' assio' per annu xxvij sol' x d'. D' operacoibz in antupno iiij"" opera bn' q'libz opera p'ciat' ad jd'. Sum^ dimid' m'rc'. D' operacoibz per annu xx'''' opera bn' iij opera ap'ciant' ad jd'. Sum' xj sol' jd' q'. D' gallin' X p'c' gallin' ob'. S=" vd'. D' ou v''" et valent iij ob'. Sum^ tocius iij Lib' vij sol' vd' ob' q^. Dicut et quod man'iu defendit' n' dn'm rege per seruic' unius militis et quod Rog' Sturmyn nichil tenuit de aliis in com' SufF' n' de d'no rege in capite. Dicut et quod Will's Esturmin est fil' Rog'i esturmin et proxim' heres. D'etate dicut XXX annorum et plus. There is an order on the Fine Rolls, March 31, 1554 (38 Hen. III., mem. 9) to the Escheator of Suffolk upon William Esturmy, son and heir of Roger, making fealty to the King for all the lands which his father held of the King in chief to accept security of the said William for ^^lo in respect of relief, and to give full seisin without delay. 1254. Sir William Esturmy, son and heir of Roger, b. 1224. He was custos and keeper of the City of Norwich 46 Henry III. Sir William, in 1267, together with William, son of Roger Sturmy, of Lang Stratton, levied a fine by which four virgates of land and the advowson of Buxhall, and many quit rents, &c., in Southborne, Butle, Bucksale, Orford, Wanesdene, Tunstall, Blakeshall, Helmele, Fynesbrigg, Lilleseye, Dunwich, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 97 and Cassenhall, were settled on William, son of Roger, the great-grandson of Sir William the High Sheriff. [1309] Roger Sturm y. [1327] Sir William Esturmy, son and heir of Roger, d. c. 40 Edw. III. [1366] Rhoisia Esturmy, daughter and heiress. She married William Clement, of Stow, Esquire, and left an only daughter, [1382] Emma Clement, who married John Cakestreet, and died, leaving an only daughter and heiress, [1397J Alice Cakestreet, who married John Sorrell, and died, leaving an only daughter and heiress, [1412] Anne Sorrell, who married John Copinger, of Buxhall, Esquire. The Copingers had long pre- viously flourished in Buxhall, and were so famous for wealth and hospitality that " to live like the Copingers " became a proverbial expression throughout the county of Suffolk. I The family was in immediate connection with a branch of the Copingers in the county of Cork, Ireland. In the time of John Copinger's father some of the family had passed into Ireland with Robert Cokerel, who on leaving Buxhall and settling in Ireland had granted his Buxhall property to another Robert Cokerel of Buxhall, who states the fact in a deed 17 Edw. III., still in existence (Ancient Deed Public Record Office, c. 3184), by which the grantee, Robert Cokerel, grants to his son Adam, and Cecily his wife, property both in Buxhall and Rattlesden. [1428] William Copinger her son and heir. William, by his Will in 1436, left the Manor and advowson of Buxhall to his brother John for life, with remainder to John's son, William Copinger, in fee. ' See Coles's MSS., vol. 28, Brit. Mus. Davy MSB. Brit. Mus. Add. MSS., 19124. Jermyn MSS., Add., 8206. McKeon's "Inquiry into the Charities of Lavenham," p. 95. It has been stated, but in error, that the Manor of Buxhall was dependent upon the Honor of Eye, and was granted therewith to Robert de Ufford, Earl of Suffolk, by Edward III. 14 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 98 History of the Parish of Buxhall John Copinger, brother of William. He died in 1441, when the Manor passed under the Will of William Copinger, of 1436 to the nephew William Copinger, who dying about 1450, was succeeded by his brother, Walter Copinger, who died 15 12, and was succeeded by his son, John Copinger, against whom the claim of the Duchy of Lancaster, above referred to, was made. The only record is the answer of John Copinger to the claim which is extant amongst the Inquisitions post mortem of the Duchy, probably made in 15 12, and is as follows : — John Copynger, Duchy of Lancaster. Inquisitions "post mortem," Vol. ij.. No. 113, S.D. " SufF', This is thaunswere of John Copynger son and heire of Walter Copynger squier for dischargyng of Releve de- maunded of hym by Thomas Delahaye Feodarie of the Duchie of Lancastre in the Counties of Norff' and Suff' &c. for the manor of Buxhall in the said Countie of Suff'. 113- The said John saith that the said Walter Copynger Squier fadre unto the same John longe tyme passyd infeoffed in the said manor John Clopton Esquie and diverse othre personnes to haue to theym and theire heires for euer by force wherof they were seased thereof in theire demean as of fee And so seased the said John Clopton survived all thodre the said feoffes And in the xvij"' yere of King Edward the iiij"" the same John Clopton soo being seased enfeoffed in the said manor of Buxhall Sir Thomas Bourchier Sir James Tirell knyghte and diuerse othr To haue to theym and to their heires for euer biforce Wherof the said Sir Thomas and James Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 99 and other were therof seased in theire demean as of fee And so yet be seised of the the same manor And soo noo Releve ought to be due unto our sou'ain lord the king thereof And to all othre Rente and duetes that the said John Copynger ought to do for the same manor he is redy to doo as the Court wol award And prayth that he may have Writing to the said Feodarie for his discharge of any further trouble or vexac'on in that behalf." [Endorsed.] "Termino Hillarii anno X° H. vij™. H'upon it is ordred that the partie shall haue day unto the next terme at the comyng of the bailly by whom the matter may the better be herd understood and knowen and by the favoure of the Court the partie is admitted to apper by attorney Thomas Marowe And also a writyng to be made unto the feodarie to forbere of any forthe trouble in that mater unto his comyng." John Copinger died in 15 17, having had seven children, all apparently dying in his lifetime, as seems to be rather intimated by the inscription on his tomb. He was interred in the Church of Buxhall, and under his effigy in brass were those of his five sons and under the effigies of his two wives were those of his two daughters, all in brass, with the following inscription, as given by Weever, for the brasses themselves have all now disappeared : — John Copynger, Esquire, Lord and Patron. Anne and Jane, his wives, who had vii. children and dy ceased an. M. D. XVII. Or, as given in the Jermyn MSS. in the British Museum, and communicated in 1 8 13 by the Hon. Miss C. Grimston : — " Praye for the sowles of John Coppinger Poore Lord and Patron here I pray you all of charitie for my sowle say a Paternoster And ave, and for the sowles of Anne and Johane And for his chyldren seaven Jesu bringe our Sowles to Heaven." Walter Copinger, the brother of John Copinger, succeeded to the Lordship of the Manor of Buxhall on his brother's death in 15 17. It is strange that both his father and Digitized by Microsoft® lOO History of the Parish of Buxhall himself are in many of the MS. pedigrees called William. He married Beatrix Ashurst, of Gloucester, whose family arms were : Party per fesse az. and or. a pale counterchanged, three goats' heads, erased of the second. He died in 1532, and is buried in the Church at Buxhall, together with his wife, who died on the 2nd of February, 151 2, with the following inscription: — "Walter Copynger, gent., which died the X. of Marche, an. M. D. XXXII., and Beatrix his wife, the second of February, M. D. XII." The following curious grant, given in the year 151 3, to this Walter Copinger by that ruthless monarch Henry VIII., who in this instance seems to have had a special regard to the head of his loving subject, is still extant in the Glebehouse at Buxhall :— " Henry R. Henry, by the grace of God, King of England and of France, and Lord of Ireland. "To all manor our subjects, as well of the spiritual preeminence and dignities, as of the temporal auctority, these our Letters hearing or seeing, and to every of them greeting. Whereas, we be credibly informed, that our trusty and well-beloved subject Walter Copinger is so diseased in his head that without his great danger he cannot be conveniently discovered of the same : In consideration whereof, we have by these presents, licensed him to use and wear his Bonet upon his said head, as well in our presence as elsewhere, at his liberty. Whereof we will and command you and every of you to permit and suffer him to do so, without any your challenge, disturbance, or interruption to the contrary, as ye and every of you tender our pleasure. Given under our signet, at our manor of Greenwych, the 24th day of October, in the fourth year of our reigne. Henry R." Granted anno 15 13. A similar grant to Humfrey Lloyd by Henry VIII., June 12, 19 Hen. VIII. (1527) will be found in the Harl. MSS., No. 6986. John Copinger, the eldest son of Walter, succeeded to the family estates in 1532. In the Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 16279, in the pedigree of Thomas Copinger, of Derrington, CO. Kent, this John is stated to have been Master of the Wardes, and in the Davy Collection for Suffolk a similar statement is made. In the Add. MSS., B. M., 191 24 he is further stated to have been Lieutenant of the Tower, Master of the Mint, Groom of the Robes, and Senior Gentleman Usher to Henry VIII. It appears from Ruding's "Annals of the Coinage," vol. i. p, 74, that John Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords loi Copinger was a Warden of the Mint — " 4 Henry VIII. John Coppinger Custos Cambri et Monete et Cunagiorum auri et argenti."' Copinger resigned in favour of Pope. This is no doubt the same John Copinger who was Senior Proctor, 1517, 9 Henry Vlll.a In the Cookham Court Rolls, co. Berks : " D'na Regina dedit xij fagos percipiendos in nemoribus vocatis Inwoods, in Dominus de Cokeham et Bray, Johanni Copynger garcioni Wardropiae. D'ni Regis, cujus datus est vj'° die Februarii a° R. H. viii. decinio quarto." " Ric'us Radyske est Woodwardus ibidem." And a warrant from Queen Catharine of Arragon, dated February 6, 1523, is annexed to these Court Rolls. It is the original document, but the seal of red wax is gone : — " By the ^ene." " We woll and comaunde you, forthw' vpon the sight hereof, to delyuere, or do to be deliuered, vnto o" welbiloued John Copynger, Grome of my Lord's Roobes, or to his assignees. Twelve Beches for fuell, w' the loppes and toppes of the same, to bee taken of o"" gift with'in o"^ woods called Inwoods in o" Lordship of Cokeham and Bray, in the Countie of Berks : any restraint or comaundement had or made to the contrary herof notwithstanding ; and these o' I'res shalbe your sufficient waraunt and discharge in this behalf. Geuen vnder o'' signet at the Manor of Grenewiche the vjth day of February the xiiij yere of my said Lord's Reigne [1523]. " To o"' Baillif s Woodward, and kepers of o"^ woods called Inwoods in o"" Lordship of Cokeham and Bray and in thair absence to thayr deputyes there and to euerey of theym." John Copinger, by his will, dated May 7, 1539, gave his house at Buxhall to his son Henry. The gift is peculiar, and is as follows : — " Item I giue vnto Henry my sonne my howse at Buxall with all such of houshold and other implements as yt standes and according as yt apperes be an inventory therof made betwen Richard Whelard and me being truyly there and whiche said Inventory dothe remayn in a lytle plated coffer in my ffather's chambr there amonge other wrytinge, the key whereof w' other keys of the house as my wyfe knowes where." ' Warton's "Hist, of Lt. T. Pope," app. No. 3. = Lg Neve, 392. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® I02 History of the Parish of Buxhall His wife was Jane, only daughter and sole heiress of WiUiam Bond, of London, Clerk of the Green Cloth to Henry VII., by Anna Alphage, only daughter and heiress of John Alphage, alias Alphew de Boore, of the county of Kent, Esq., who died 4 Hen. VII., and Isabella, daughter and heiress of Rice Petit, Esq., and in consequence of this marriage the Copingers quartered the arms of Bond, Alphage, and Pettyt. By Letters Patent, March i, 30 Hen. VIII. (1539) the King, in consideration of the true and faithful services of John Copinger as one of the doorkeepers of his chamber, granted to him a capital messuage or tenement lying in the parishes of St. Margaret in Lotheburge and St. Olave in Hold Jurye and two other tenements next adjoining the east part of the said capital messuage, which were then used for a coalhouse or woodhouse, and were late in the tenure of John Parke, citizen and mercer of London, and formerly belonged to the monastery " Salutacionis Matris Dei " of the Order of the Carthusians next London ; also another tenement situate in the said parish of St. Margaret in Lothebury to wit, between the capital messuage late in the tenure of the said John Parke and then in the tenure of John Sadler, citizen and alderman of London, and lately belonging to the monastery of Holy Trinity, called Christchurch, now dissolved on the west part and abutting upon the tene- ment of John ClyfFord, citizen and mercer of London, then in the tenure of Robert Smythe, gent., towards the south, and upon the street there called Lothe- bury towards the north, to hold to the use of John Copynger and his heirs male.' All the above was found by an Inquisition post mortem taken at the Guildhall, February 27, 34 Hen. VIII. (1543) before John Cootes, Knt., Mayor and Escheator, John Copinger having died on the 26th of March, 31 Hen. VIII. [1540]. Henry Copinger, John Copinger's son and successor resided mostly at All Hallows, in Hoo, in the county of Kent, and he purchased of the heirs of Symons the Davington Court Estate, also in that county. In 1 56 1 his name appears amongst the freeholders of the county of Suffolk for Buxhall under this date in a manuscript in the Lansdowne Collection, and also in 1569 and 1570, and in the first of these years he presented his son Ambrose to the living of Buxhall, and in the second of these years, on the resignation of Ambrose, he ' The premises were held of the King in chief by the service of the twentieth part of a icnight's fee, and by the rent of 29s., and were worth per annum clear ^^13 os. 4d. Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 103 presented George Dickenson to the living. He married, about 1543, Agnes, seventh daughter of Sir Thomas Jermyn, Knt., of Rushbrooke, by Anne his wife, daughter of Thomas Sprynge, of Lavenham, co. Suffolk, Esq. Sir Thomas Jermyn was Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk 33 Hen. VIII., 1541, and died in 1552. In the Diary of Henry Machyn, Citizen of London, 15 50-1 563, edited by Mr. Gough Nichols for the Camden Society, is this entry : "The xxj day of October [1552] was the funeralle of a gentyl knyght. Sir Thomas Jarmyn, the best housekeeper in the contey of Suffolk, with ye standard and ye penone of armes, cot-armour, target, and sword, and skochyons ; and he kept a godly chapel of syngng men, for the contray have a gret loss of ye deth, as any contrey in England " (p. 27). By the settlement made on the marriage of Henry Copinger with Miss Agnes Jermyn the manor was settled upon Agnes for life by way of jointure, and after her death upon Henry Copinger and the heirs male of the body of the said Agnes, and in default of such issue on the said Henry in tail male as recorded in the Rolls of the Court of 5 Edw. VI. He died at AUhallows, Sept. 13, 12 Eliz. (1570),! and was succeeded by his widow, Agnes Copinger, as Lady of the Manor of Buxhall. By an Inquisition taken at the Guildhall, April 18, 13 Eliz. (1571), it was found that Henry Copinger was at his death seised of a capital messuage lying in the parishes of St. Margaret Lothbury and St. Olave in the Old Jewry within the City of London, and of two tene- ments next adjoining the east part of the said capital messuage, viz., at the south- east corner of the garden thereof, then in the tenure of Thomas Revett, Esquire, sometime parcel of the possessions of the Monastery of the Salutation of the Mother of God of the Order of the Carthusians, next London ; and also one tenement lying in the same parish of St. Margaret, then in the tenure of — Wolcadine in his demesne as of fee-tail, viz., to him and his heirs male, by virtue of a gift thereof made to John Copinger, father of the said Henry, and to his heirs male by King Henry VIII. as by his Letters Patent, dated at Westminster, March ist, in the 30th year of his reign (1539). The said premises were held of the Queen in chief by the service of the twentieth part of one knight's fee, and by the yearly rent of 29s., and were worth per annum clear ^13 os. 4d. Thomas Copinger was found to be his son and next heir, and was then aged 24 years and more. ' Chancery Inq. p. m., 13 Eliz., part I, No. no. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 104 History of the Parish of Buxhall Agnes Copinger, the widow of Henry, died in 1600. Her will is dated February 7, 1599, and it was proved November 27, 1600. She was succeeded by her grandson, Sir Francis Copinger, son of her eldest son, Thomas Copinger, and Frances Brooke, daughter of William Lord Cobham by Dorothy, daughter of George Nevil, Lord Abergavenny. In the Harl. MSS., No. 98, is a copy of the articles of agreement made on this marriage : — "Articles of agreement made 6th, June 8 Elizabeth [1566] between Henry Nevylle, Lord Abergavenny, and Henry Copinger, of the parish of Allhallows, in the Hundred of Hooe, Co. Kent., Esq. That Tho. Copinger, son and heir apparent of said Henry, should marry Frans. Brook, eldest daughter of Right Hon. Sir William Brooke, Lord Cobham, and Lord Warden of the Sink Ports, said Lord Cobham to give 1,000 marks," &c. The Davington Court estate, as well as the other possessions of the family, seem to have been lost by the extravagance of this Thomas Copinger. The ie.w pathetic words In the Tanner MSS. are, " Francis " (he was the eldest son) " had many children, but his father had totally wasted the estate." The Davington Court estate was mortgaged by Thomas Copinger in the early part of King James's reign to one Freeman, and they both concurred in a subsequent sale of It to James Mills, of Norton, who went to reside at the Court. In the chancel, on the north wall of the Church of Allhallows, a monument formerly existed with effigies, arms, and inscription respecting this Thomas Copinger. In an old manuscript it is stated then to have been almost defaced.' From another manuscript 2 we find that the arms and inscriptions then remaining were : — " I. Four coats, quarterly : (i) Copinger, three bendlets surmounted by a fesse charged with three Rundlets ; (2) Bond, arg. two bendlets sa. in chief, a cross crosslet of the second ; (3) Alphage or Alphew, arg. a fesse between three boars' heads couped sa. ; (4) Petit, arg. " a chevron engrailled gu, between three bugle horns, sa. stringed or. " 2. Twelve coats, quarterly : (i) Brooke, gu. on a chevron arg. a lion rampant sa. ; crowned or. armed and tongued of the first ; (2) on a chevron three ' Harl. MSS., 6587. " Brit. Mus. Add. MSS., 19124, p. 343. Thorpe's " Registorum RofFense," pp. 741-2. Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 105 lions rampant ; (3) seven mascles, 3, 3, i ; (4) two boars' heads nebule ; (5) a fesse between six crosses, flory ; (6) a chevron between three eagles' legs, erased ; (7) vaire, three bendlets ; (8) on a bend three goats passant ; (9) a chevron between three bulls' heads, caboshed ; (10) a fesse counter compony, between six crosses forme; (11) two bendlets; (12) a bendy of ten." " Tho. Coppingero de Buxall in provintia Sudovologarum orto, Cantii inhabitatori pads administratori et vicecomiti aequo bonoque fautori, parenti benemerenti et filio primogenito Hen. Coppingeri Armigeri, et Agnet. filia 'Tho. Germin equitis aurati Guilielmus Coppinger filius et heres ejusdem, Tho. C. Francisca unica sobole prenobil. Guilielmi Brook, baron Cobham et Dorot. fili^ Georgii Nevill domini Abergaven. hoc monumentum pietatis et memorise ergo consecravit. Anno Domini, 1587." " Thomas Coppinger, ten., Man. de Buxhall cum suis pertin. et Ix. acr. terr. in Buxall et Rattlesden de Dno. R. et de Due. Lancastr. per serv. mil. per liber, ac. 13 Eliz."> (1571). He was appointed a commissioner by Queen Elizabeth to examine the state of Rochester Bridge,^ and was High Sheriff of the county of Kent in 1580. Francis Copinger (afterwards Sir Francis) held his first Court for the manor, Nov. 4, 43 Eliz. (1601), Agnes Copinger having held her last Court March 13, 42 Eliz. By deed dated January 16, 1602, Francis Copinger sold the manor of Buxhall and the advowson to his uncle, Henry Copinger, who was then Rector of Lavenham, the consideration being the payment by Henry of an annuity of ^£200 a year to Ambrose Copinger and Lettice his wife and the survivor providing Francis Copinger so long lived. This deed is recited in one amongst the Close Rolls preserved in the Public Record Office. The parcels are "all those the manors of Buxhall als. Bucksale, Cocksall Old Rettons and Fase- bornes with all their and every of their rights members and appurtenances wheresoever situate lyinge and beinge in the townes fields parishes and hamletts of Buxhall Rattlesden Finbarrowe magna Fynbarrows parva Hitcham and Brettenham or in all or any of them in the county of Suffolk," &c., together with the advowson and patronage of the parish church of Buxhall. The real nature of the transaction appears from a Court Roll of the manor of Cockerells Hall ' MS. of R. Sparrow, 1813. Of course this is incorrect, as he was not entitled till the death of his mother Agnes, and she did not die till 1600. ^ Index to Harris's "Hist, of Kent," Harl. MSS., 5517-9. 15 Digitized by Microsoft® io6 History of the Parish of Buxhall Sept. 1 8, 43 Eliz., preserved amongst the additional charters in the British Museum. The transaction was in fact an exchange, Henry Copinger assuring to Francis Copinger all right and interest which he, Henry, had in the manors of Dawley and Hartington, in the parish of Hartington, in the county of Middlesex. The tenants of the manor of Buxhall all attorned to Henry Copinger by payment of a silver penny at his first Court, held March 29, i Jac. I. The manor was evidently settled, for at a Court held October 11, 14 Jac. I., 1616, it is expressly ' stated that at the time the manor was held by Henry Copinger for life with remainder to William Copinger, his son, in fee. This of course accounts for the fact of the manor not being referred to in Henry's will. The last-mentioned Henry was a man who made a mark in the county in his day. He was born in 1550, and received his academic education at St. John's College, Cambridge, of which society he was in 1577 elected Fellow.' By a mandate from Queen Elizabeth he was elected Master of Magdalen College, Cambridge, which, at her request, and to avoid a contest as to his title with the Earl of Suffolk or his guardians, he afterwards resigned,^ but soon after this, viz., March 26, 1578, he was presented by the Earl of Oxford, the then patron, to the rectory of Lavenham. Before his death he purchased of one Woden the next presentation. He was an intimate friend of that eminent scholar and renowned wit of the seventeenth century, the Rev. George Ruggle, A.M., and Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge, the ingenious writer of that celebrated dramatic satire, the comedy of " Ignoramus," and from him received the following legacy : — "Item, I give and bequeath to my worthy friend, Mr. Henry Copinger, the elder, of Lavenham, fifty shillings to make him a ring." Henry Copinger was, in 1591, promoted to a prebendary stall in the Cathedral Church of York, being collated on December 4th. Fuller, in his "Church History," gives the following interesting account of this spirited divine, whom he styles "a free Pastor and faithful Incumbent well met." "1622, Dec. 21. — Henry Copinger, formerly Fellow of St. John's College, in Cambridge, Prebendary of Yorke, once Chaplain to Ambrose, Earl of Warwick (whose funeral sermon he preached), made Master of Magdalene College, in Cambridge, by her Majesty's mandate, though afterwards resigning his right at the Queen's (shall I call it.'') request, to prevent trouble, ended his religious life. ■ V. Peck's " Desid. Curiosa," vol. ii. pp. 40-42. ^ Carter's "Hist, of Cambridge," p. 295. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 107 The fact was he was so much discountenanced by the hereditary patron of the college that he was forced to quit his mastership, and by accepting that, having parted with his Fellowship, to which there was no return, he was practically turned out of all — as one chronicler adds, 'A very hard fate upon so deserving a man.' He was the sixth i son of Henry Copinger, of Bucks Hall, in SufFolke, Esquire, by Agnes, daughter of Sir Thomas Jermyn. His father on his death-bed, asking him what course of life he would embrace, he answered he intended to be a divine. 'I like it well,' said the old gentleman, 'otherwise what shall I say to Martin Luther when I shall see him in heaven, and he knows that God gave me eleven sons, and I made not one of them a minister ? ' An expression proportionable enough to Luther's judgment, who maintained, some hours before his death, that the saints in heaven shall knowingly converse one with another. Laneham living fell void, which both deserved a good minister, being a rich parsonage, and needed so, it being more than suspicious that Dr. Reinolds, late incumbent, who ran away to Rome, had left some superstitious leaven behind him. The Earl of Oxford, being patron, presents Mr. Copinger to it, but adding withal that he would pay no tithes of his park, being almost half the land of the parish. Copinger desired to resign it again to his lordship rather than by such sinful gratitude to betray the rights of the Church. ' Well, if you be of that mind, then take the tithes,' saith the Earl, ' I scorn that my estate should swell with Church goods.' However, it afterwards cost Master Copinger sixteen hundred pounds in keeping his questioned and recovering his detained rights, in suit with the agent for the next (minor) Earl of Oxford and others, all which he left to his churches quiet possession, being zealous in God's cause, but remiss in his own. He lived forty and five years the painful parson of Laneham, in which market town there were about nine hundred communicants, amongst whom, all his time, no difference did arise which he did not compound. He had a bountiful hand and plentiful purse (his paternal inheritance, by death of elder brothers, and other transactions, descending upon him) bequeathing twenty pounds in money, and ten pounds per annum, to the poor of the parish ; in the chancel whereof he lyeth buried under a fair monument, dying on St. Thomas his day, in the threescore and twelfth year of his age." Henry Copinger died on December 21, 1622, and was interred in the Chancel of the Church of Lavenham, where, on the north side of the altar, a very handsome monument is erected to his memory, of marble and alabaster, gilt and painted. It ' No, fourth Son. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® io8 History of the Parish of Buxhall consists of an arched recess, between two Corinthian pillars, supporting a cornice surmounted with the arms of the family. In this recess are represented, in alto relievo, the reverend divine and his wife, facing each other, and kneeling before a table, the divine with a book in his hand, and the wife with her hands in the attitude of prayer. They are both habited in black, with white ruffs round their necks. Under the principal figures are three compartments. In the middle are seen their children habited in black, and kneeling before a covered table ; under the man seven sons, and just at the knees of the eldest an infant in swaddling bands ; and under the woman four daughters ; the two groups facing each other, a folding-stool being between them. The first of the sons is represented cross-gartered down the leg, in the fashion alluded to by Shakspeare in the fifth act of his " Twelfth Night." One of the boys has a skull in his hands, and the second girl another, to show that they were dead before the monument was erected. On either side of the monument, upon a pedestal, stands an angel at full length, the one on the dexter side with a cross in his right hand and a scroll in his left hand, on which is written, " dilicti accipite coronam vitae ; " and the other, on the sinister side, holding a trumpet in his left hand and a scroll in his right, bearing the inscription, " mortui venite ad judicium." Over one angel, on the cornice, " novissimus lectus sepulchrum " ; and over the other " viventes sequentur mortuos." On a tablet, on the left hand, is this inscription :-^ " Sacrum memorie Henrici Copingeri, antiquissima Copingerorum familiie, in agro, hoc Suffolciensi, oriundi, hujus ecclesia per quadraginta et quinque annos pastoris ; pacifici, fidelissimi, et vigilantissimi. Monumentum hoc, amoris et pietatis ergo, dilectissima uxor, Anna, marito optime merenti, heu invita superstes, moerens posuit. Amans maritus, prole fcecundus pater, Sancti pius pastor gregis. Qui sensa dextre codicis docuit sacri Nee voce quam vita magis. Qui largd abundS pnvit indigos manu Securus annome domi. Hie plenus annis, plenior Deo, jacet, Secum polo gregem trahens Mutus jacet ; sed lingua qua vivo decus, Vitam paravit mortuo.'' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 109 On a tablet on the left side : — " This monument was erected at ye sole costs of Mrs. Ann Copinger, in memory of her deare husband, the Reverend, learned, and godly divine, Mr. Henry Copinger, fourth Sonne of Henry Copinger, of Buxhall, in this countie, esquire, by Agnes, his wife, daughter to Sir 'Thomas Jermine, of Rushbrooke Hall, knt., the paineful and vigillant Rector of this church By the space of 45 yeares, Prebendarie of the Metro- politane church of St. Peter, in Torke, Lord of ye towne, and patron of ye church of Buxhall aforesaide, who marry ed Ann, daughter to Henry Fisher, of Linne, in Norfolke, gent., and by her had eight sonnes and four daughters ; and, after he had lived Godly ']2 yeares, dyed peaceably ye 21st of Dec, Anno. 1622." Under the whole is this inscription in a circle : " J us tor urn Memoria benedicetur ." On a tablet underneath : — ^^ This monument of Dr. Henry Copinger was new beautified. Anno Domini 1721, by Mrs. Judith Brinkley, daughter of Thomas Burlz, gent., and Margaret, his wife, third daughter and co-heir of Ambrose Copinger, D.D., by Judith, his wife, only daughter of Roger Keddington, gent. ; which Ambrose was second son of the said Henry, and also Rector of this parish, and of Buxhall, where he was buried, A" D* 16." On a shield under the niche, between and just above the man and woman, are these arms : — Copinger, Bendy of 6 or. and gu. on a fesse, az. 3 plates, Impaling : Fisher, Arg. on a chevron between three demi-lions rampant gu., as many plates. On a large shield at the top of the monument are these escutcheons, viz : — (1) and (6) Copinger ; (2) Jermyn, Quarterly Or. and Gules ; on a bend sable, three escallops Argent; (3) Bond, Argent, two bends sable, in sinister chief a cross crosslet of the last ; (4) Alphage, Argent, a fesse between three boars' heads couped, fesse waiys, sable ; (5) Petytt, Argent, a chevron engrailed between three bugle-horns sable, stringed Gules. Crest : a ram's head sa. On the dexter side on a small shield, Copinger ; on the sinister side, Copinger impaling Jermyn. Digitized by Microsoft® -'-'1 no History of the Parish of Buxhall By his Will in 1621 he gave to William Copinger, his eldest son (if he had not previously conveyed it), the perpetual patronage of the parsonage of " Church in Buxall," with all other copy and free lands which he had in " Buxall, Great Finbarrow, little Finbarrow or Rattlesden." And after giving various legacies, he says : " And for the Poor whom I should have first remembered. Imprimis, I give to be distributed within one week of my death ^^4, and in the month of February next following other eight pounds, and in the second February after my death other ^8, and further to four of the most aged, needy, and impotent persons in Lavenham, which shall be after the death of Ambrose, my son, and Judith, his now wife, I give all the benefit and profit which shall arise of the tenement and yard which now James Write dwelleth in and useth, and all the free meadow called the Church Meadow, and the three roods more or less of copie lying in that meadow, if the Lord of that Manor will consent thereunto, to the use of four such parties as before be named successively for ever, which four persons purposed to receive that benefit are to be nominated by my sons William, Henry, Raphe, Francis, and Thomas, the parson of the Town then being, the Headboroughs of that Town, or the greater number of them, and if all my sons be dead, or being requested to join in choice of any of these refuse, then my- mind is that the Parson and Headborough, if the Parson be resident, otherwise the greater part of the headboroughs without the Parson, to make choice of such as shall receive that helpe, and if the Lord of the Manor will not permit the copy piece therein to be applied to that good use, then I give that copy piece, after Ambrose and his now wife's death, to Thomas, my youngest son, and his heirs. The intent of me is that the Headboroughs of Laneham have the estate of the land to the only user before said." Ambrose having died in or about November, 1644, and Judith, his wife, on the 3rd of November, 1675, the charity was, soon after the demise of the latter, applied in accordance with the Will of the testator. The charity constituted by this Will is still in being. The following account of the first appointment of persons to partake of the charity is extracted from the " Account Book " : — " Of all the five sonnes which the donor, by his will, did appoint to joyne with the parson and headboroughs of the Towne, in the choice of the four poore persons, there was none that was alive at the death of Mrs. Judith Copinger, save only Mr. Henry, who being requested to joyne in the said choice, did refuse, and made his owne request to the other electors that he himself might be chosen for one of the foure to partake of the benefitt ; to whom, being very aged Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords iii and low in estate, his said request was readily granted. And the other three that were chosen in to make up the number, were old John Lambert, the husbandman ; the Widow Wright, relict of the same James Wright which dwelt in the tenement when the will was made ; and the Widow Deersly, relict of old John Deersly." The following extract from " Lavenham Church," a poem from " the pen of a Child of Nature," thus characterises the Rev. Henry Copinger : — " THie great good Copinger, whose godly ways ^Twere well to imitate in modern days. Maintained a character which grac d our land. And for its meed a laurel might demand. Oxford's unlawful offers he refused, Forbad the sacred rites to be abused. Oh ! let not sacrilege our conscience stain. Wrong not the sacred place for earthly gain ; Success itself will prove the cause of pain^ William Copinger, the next Lord of the Manor of Buxhall, was born in this parish in November, 1582. Upon the marriage of his son Henry with Mary, the daughter of Henry Herris, of Shenfield in Essex, and of Mary his wife, the daughter of Sir Harbottle Grimston, Bart., and Elizabeth his wife, the daughter of Ralph Copinger, of Stoke in Hoo, Kent, William Copinger executed a settlement dated Oct. 7, 22 Car. I. (1647). The father of the lady paid as a marriage portion ^2,000, of which, in consideration of the Settlement, William Copinger took ^^ 1,900 and Henry the son took ;^ioo. The Settlement was of the " Manours of Buxhall alias Buckes- haU Cokesall alias Cockesalls ould Nortons and fFasebownes together with the perpetual advowson and right of Patronage of the Church of Buxhall." It also included Buxhall Hall farm, containing 64 acres, then or then late in the occupation of Edward Eweysam (Eversam),"^ Faseborne Hall, a tenement called Cogman's farme and containing 42 acres in the occupation of William Copinger, 2 lands in the occupation of William BennetS containing 64 acres, lands containing also 64 acres ' In the deed of 1668, "late of Edward Ewarsam the elder, now of Edward Ewarsam the younger." 2 In the deed of 1668 stated to have been late in the occupation of William Copinger, now of Henry Copinger. 3 In the deed of 1668 stated to be late in the occupation of William Bennett, then of Thomas Chaplayne. Digitized by Microsoft® 112 History of the Parish of Buxhall then or late in the occupation of John Grimwood ' of Buxhall, a messuage and farm called Cogsett garden then or late in the occupation of Thomas Everson 2 contain- ing 108 acres, a messuage and farm called Hardhead containing 92 acres then or then late in the occupation of Henry Reynolds, 2 a messuage and farm called Smith's then or late in the occupation of Hugh Bad cock 3 containing 55 acres; lands con- taining 40 acres then or then late in the occupation of William Wade ; 3 a messuage and farm called Powell's containing 74 acres, part in the occupation of Thomas Pilborowe and the residue in that of Francis Copinger ; a messuage or tenement in the occupation of Robert Davy; a piece of land called "Buxhall Tye," containing i acre ; 4 one Windmill and two tenements adjoining ; 5 one Wood called the five acres containing 13 acres ; 6 one piece of ground called the "Patronage peece " containing two rodes ; 7 the lands called Millfields containing 26 acres then or late in the occupation of William Carpenter; ' the messuage called Tysetill and the lands there- with containing 6 acres then or late in the occupation of Coe ; 8 the Wood called Pyes Wood containing 19 acres ; ' a piece of land called Little Gardiners containing 5 acres in the occupation of Robert Marsum ; 9 so much of the lands in the occupation of John Grimwood the Elder of Rattlesden as were freehold and contained 46 acres lying in Rattlesden and Buxhall and all other the manors and estates of William Copinger being freehold in the towns fields and parishes of Buxhall, Rattlesden, Great Finborough, Little Finborough, Hitcham, and Brettenham by the names and contents of the Manors of Buxhall als Buclceshall Cocksall als Cocksalls ould Nortons and Fasebornes. The lands in the occupation of Bennet, Grimwood, Everson, Reynolds, and William Copinger were settled after the marriage on Mary Herries for life, then on Henry Copinger for life, with remainder to heirs male with remainder to William Copinger, second son of William Copinger the settlor in tail male with remainder to William the father in fee. The lands in the occupation of Wade, Pilborowe, Francis Copinger, Davy, Buxhall Tye, Buxhall Hall, two cottages and the five acres ' In the deed ot 1668, "now in the occupation of Thomas Greenwood." ^ In the deed of 1668, "now of Henry Copinger and one Robert Wade." 3 In the deed of 1668, "now in the occupation of Henry Copinger." ■t In the deed of 1668, "now in the occupation of Richard Scott." 5 In the deed of 1668, "the Windmill and one of the said z tenements in the occupation or John Clover and the other tenement in the occupation of Elias Scofeild." ^ In the deed of 1668 stated to be in occupation of Henry Copinger. 7 In the deed of 1668 in occupation of Thomas Pilborough. 8 In the deed of 1668 Tyekill "late in occupation of John Coe now of John Shepherd." 9 In the deed of 1668, "late in occupation of Robert Martyn then of William Copinger clerk." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 113 were settled on William the father and his wife Mary for their lives, then on Henry for life, then in tail male and in default on Henry in fee. The Patronage piece, the manors, the advowson, the Millfields, and the tenement Tylehill were settled on William the father and his wife Mary for their lives, then on Henry in tail male with remainder to William Copinger the second son in fee. Pyes Wood, Lock Meadow, Sleyders, and Little Gardners were settled on William and his wife Mary for their lives, with remainder to Henry in fee, William Copinger died in 1648, and was interred in the Chancel of Buxhall Church, where on a flat stone is this inscription to his memory in small capitals : — Here lyeth the body of William Copinger Esq^, expecting the Joyful resurrection, who Marryed Mary ye daughter of Richard Goodday of Kettlebar- ston, Esq., by whom he had issue 2 sonnes and 6 daughters ; And after he had live peace- ably, charitably, and piously, departed this life comfortably, The 13th of January, 1648, in the 67 th yeare of his age Maria illius relicta charissimo conjugi, pietatis ergo, mcerens posuit. Arms above — (i) Dexter side, Copinger; (2) Sinister side, Copinger impal- ing Goodday, a fesse wavy between two leopards' heads in pale. Mary Copinger, William's widow, succeeded to the Manor and Lordship of Buxhall, and continued lady of the Manor from 1648 to 1663, when she died, and was interred in the same vault with her husband, the following inscription being placed on a flat stone to her memory : — Here lieth the body of Mrs. Mary Copinger, the rel- lict of William Copinger, Esq., who died the 4th day of March 1663. 16 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 114 History of the Parish of Buxhall Henry Copinger succeeded to the property, and in November, 1668, by Fine and Recovery barred the estates tail under his marriage Settlement of 1647. By deed of Nov. i, 20 Car. II. (1668) he declared the uses of the Fine and Recovery to be to the use of himself for life, then to the use of Mary his wife for her jointure, and then to his heirs male by his wife Mary with remainder to himself in fee. The property comprised in this deed was that in the Settlement of 1647, under practically the same description, with the addition of what Henry Copinger was seised in fee, but omitting the farms Powells 74 acres and the 46 acres in the occupation of John Grimwood of Rattlesden. The addition was a messuage and farm called Howletts containing 17 acres, sometime Robert Rednall's, formerly in the occupation of one William Utteridge, but then of Henry Copinger, and by him purchased of Thomasyn Copinger, spinster, by deed Oct. i, 14 Car. I. Henry Copinger died on the 4th of December, 1675, and was buried in the Chancel of the Church of Buxhall, where on a black marble slab is the inscription to his memory in capitals : — (Arms : Copinger impaling Herris, on a bend wavy three estoilettes.) " Henrici Copinger Arm" hie habes totum q** coelum n'habet Qui uxorem duxit Mariam, filiam H" Herris de Villa Shenfield in agro Essexiensi, Arm" ex qua sustulit quinquies quaterq. puerpera ; superstites filium filiasq. tres. Hos omnes, licet charissimos, lubens reliquit X™ die IV. An" Dni. MDCLXXV° Properavit scil' quo sanctius celebraret Maximum cum super is natale. iEtae an° LIV° Hoc monumentum dicta Maria pietatis ergo posuit." The following are extracts from the Will of Henry Copinger, 1675 : — Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 115 " I, Henry Copinger of Buxhall, in the County of Suffolk Esq. though at this present sicke in body yett praised be to God of good and perfect memory, revoking all former wills doe make and ordaine this my last Will and Testament in manner and forme following. As for my body I committ to the earth from whence it came and desire to have it interred amongst my ancestors in the parish church of Buxhall aforesaid with decency and privacy." He then gives a sum of ^500 to his daughter Elizabeth charged on lands in Buxhall in the occupation of Thomas Pilborowe, and provides that if default should be made in payment to Elizabeth she might enter into the farm then in the occupation of Thomas Pilborowe and take the rents and profits and if the said sum of ;^500 should not be paid within three years after testator's decease he gave and bequeathed the same farm to Elizabeth his daughter in fee.i Testator then gave another legacy of ^^500 to his daughter Mary charged in similar terms upon his farm called Buxhall Hall, then in the occupation of Edward Eversom and Thomas Kite, and the house and Windmill in the occupation of Charles Pollard. He also gave to Mary for her maintenance until she attained 19 an annuity of ^20 out of the same property, to be paid to her at his mansion house called Fasborne in Buxhall. He likewise gave a legacy of ,,^500 to his daughter Anne to be paid to her at 19 and charged the same on the farm late in the occupation of William Wade, and the messuage and farm called [Howletts 2] and containing about 17 acres, late in his own occupation, and the little house in the occupation of Chas. Scofeild, the lands called Millfeild containing about 26 acres in the occupation of Edw. Everson, and the messuage and farm called Tile Kilne containing 6 acres. And after various other bequests he continues, " Item, I give and bequeath vnto William Copinger my nephew, the sonne of William Copinger Clerk, my brother, the next avoydance, donacon, and right of presentation of and in the Rectory and Parish Church of Buxhall aforesaid, together with all the tythes, obvencon, oblacons and other duties and profitts thereunto incident yf the said William my nephew shall fortune to survive the said William his father the present incumbent there. ... I give and bequeath vnto my worthy and loveing friend Sir George Wcnieve Bart., and my loveing brother William Copinger Clerke and to the executors and administrators of the survivor of them all that my manor of ' Elizabeth by Deed Poll, Aug. 31, 1679, appointed John Keble, of Stowmarket, her attorney to" take possession of Pilborowe's farm on the ground that the ^^500 had not been paid to her within the three years. ^ There is a blank in the original Will which is in the writer's possession. Digitized by Microsoft® ii6 History of the Parish of Buxhall Buxhall with the rights members and appurtenances the demesne land now in my owne hands parcell of and belonging to the said mannor excepted, and all those my wood grounds called Pyeswood,' and other my wood grounds in Buxhall aforesaid to hold to them the said Sir George Wenieve, and William Copinger, my brother, and the executors and administrators of the survivor of them for the terme of fforty yeares next after my decease vpon trust and confidence that out of the rents and profitts of the said Manor except before excepted and the said Wood grounds they the said Sir George Wenieve and William Copinger my brother and the executors and administrators of the survivor of them shall raise all and every the legacies aforesaid which by the sayd Will of my said Deceased Uncle Thomas Copinger would have become payable by the said ffrancis Copinger his executors and administrators had he lived and taken vpon him the trust thereof, Together with interest after the rate of fFoure pounds, p.c.p.an. from the said feast day of St. Michaell Th'archangell last past for the same and shall satisfy and pay the same to the respective persons to whom the same in the said Will are appointed to be payd. And vpon further trust and confidence that they the said Sir George Wenieve and William Copinger my brother, and the executors and administrators of the survivor of them shall pay all the overplus of the said Rents and profitts by them to be received as aforsaid to Henry Copinger my sonne his heirs and assignes their owne damages charges and expences in the execution of the said trust being deducted out thereof. Provided notwithstanding that yf the said Henry Copinger my sonne his heirs and assignes shall well and truly satisfy and pay all and every the said legacies soe as aforesaid out of the rents and profitts of the said Mannor (except before excepted) and wood grounds appointed to be payd and such interest thereof as aforesaid according to the true meaneing of this my will that then and from thenceforth the said term of fforty yeares of and in the said Mannor (except before excepted) and wood grounds as aforesaid devised to the said Sir George Wenieve and William Copinger and the survivor of them and the executors and administrators of the survivor of them shall cease and determine. And then my will and meaneing is that all the rents and profitts that out of the said Mannor and wood grounds shall be received by the said Sir George Wenieve and William Copinger or either of them or the executors or assignes of either of them shall be payd to the said Henry Copinger my sonne his heires and assignes their owne charges damages and expenses in the execution of the said trust being first deducted. ' Now called Pyc Hatch. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 117 Item, I give and bequeath unto Thomas Copinger sonne of the said WiUiam my brother the sume of twenty shillings to be payd within one month next after my decease. Item, I appoint ffive pounds to be payd within three months after my decease to the Churchwardens and Overseers of the poore of Buxhall aforesaid to be by them distributed indifferent amongst the poore of the same toWne." 1675 Mary Copinger, widow of Henry Copinger. 1686 Henry Copinger the son. He was educated at Bury St. Edmunds, and on the 7th of July, 1670, was admitted at Caius College, Cambridge, and on the 14th of December, 1675, ten days after his father's death, was admitted a Fellow Commoner of St. John's College, being then 21 years of age. His tutor was a Mr. Burton. In March, 1680, he barred the entail created by his father's settlement of 1668, and limited the Buxhall property to himself in fee. The next year by deed 7th June, 168 1, in consideration of ^^2,000, he sold the whole of the property comprised in the settlement of 1668 to his mother Mary, who under the settle- ment had a life interest. In 1686 he married Sarah Goodday, the only daughter and heiress of George Goodday ; and by a settlement May 25, 1689, in which his mother joined, settled the Manor of Buxhall and tlje family property upon trust to pay an annuity of ^^80 a year to Mary Copinger his mother for life, and after a limitation of a term of eighty years for the benefit of incumbrancers, a limitation to himself for life, and to trustees for 500 years limited the fee to himself. Henry Copinger seems to have lived beyond his means, and there were numerous incumbrances existing at the time of the settlement. No doubt the fear of creditors was at the root of the sale to his mother. The incumbrances both prior and subsequent to the settlement caused trouble later, and the resources of his wealthy father-in-law, a member of the Stationers' Company, had to be tapped. Old George Goodday seems to have helped in a liberal manner, but was evidently a man with a keen eye to business. His method of assistance was by taking transfers of the several mortgages as the incumbrancers required their money. Matters went pretty smoothly on this basis until the death of Henry Copinger and his mother Mary, the former of which occurred in July, 1691, and the latter in the following month of October. Henry left his widow Digitized by Microsoft® ii8 History of the Parish of Buxhall surviving and one daughter only, Sarah Copinger, an infant of three years. Shortly after Henry Copinger's death Goodday seems to have entered into possession of the Buxhall property, and in fact received the rents down to the time of his own death, which occurred in October, 1699. One incumbrance existing on the Fasborne Hall estate, Goodday does not seem to have secured, or at least, not the first charge, for this property was entered upon by Sir Edward Ward, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, as mortgagee, and passed out of the family. It is true Goodday had entered into possession of Fasborne Hall about Lady Day, 1 69 1, and held till March 2nd following ; but he was then turned out by the prior mortgagee. Some information respecting these mortgages is derivable from the replies to certain interrogatories administered to William Copinger in an action Copinger v. Goodday. He states that he had heard at the time of his marriage Henry Copinger was indebted to several persons, and in particular to Sir Edward Ward, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Richard Phillips, Esq., Robert Reynolds, Esq., George Goodday deceased, and to one Mr. Dawtrey ; that a farm called Fasbornes Hall and the farm called Cocksetts Garden was mortgaged to the said Lord Chief Baron, and that the Manor of Buxhall and the wood called Pye Wood was mortgaged to the said Richard Phillips, and also that a farm in the occupation of Thomas Grimwood, and certain lands lying in Buxhall, were in mortgage to the said Robert Reynolds. Upon George Goodday's death his son George being under age, letters of administration with the Will annexed to George Goodday's estate were granted to John Orlebar during the son's minority. Later George administered and continued in the receipt of the rents and profits of the estate and refused to render an account to the Copingers. There were further complications by reason of the deeds of Mr. Goodday the father having been destroyed by a fire, which occurred in Mr. Orlebar's chambers in the Middle Temple, April 7, 1704, difficulties arising between the parties as to what the securities destroyed were and what they included. Old Mr. George Goodday's difficulties about knowing what was comprised in his securities indeed arose before and independently of the fire, and his fear that the Lord Chief Baron should obtain more than he was strictly entitled to is quaintly set forth in a letter to his cousin Mr. Copinger the Rector. Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 119 To the Rev. Mr. Copinger, Rector of Buxhall, near Stowmark', Suff\ LoND. ye <)th Aprill, 1692. Cousin Copinger, I am satisfied you did take some paines to send me the last particular of Petits farme, but upon comparinge it w"' a letter I had from my cousin Gregory in January last I find soe greate a difference in the quantity of severall of the closes and in the totall you make short of his ace" that I could not think of a better way than to employ Mr. Waller to get me a new ace" but not to let it be knowne it is for me w'''' I desire you will in like manner conceale. I had lately a letter from Mr. Cocksedge that mentions an order Mr. Tho. ffolker have given to take care of Mr. Ward's concerns and by agreement we made the last Decree my cousin the widow was to deliver Mr. Ward possession he givinge leave that she may have the yeares rent due at Lady last since her husband's death. To wch purpose I waite for a letter or noate that Mr. ffolker will either put into Mr. Cocksedge hands or send to me and I am very desirous to be further satisfied how many acres of land is now in Petit's hands. Mr. Wards mortgage mentioninge 140 acres but does not particularize the severall closes and theire abuttals. If John Petit hath not more in the totall than in your noate or that we can find out where the land is to make up just 140 acres we shal not need to make up the ffences to Hoggs meadow and the other small piece but if there will be enough without them they must be fenced out before Mr. Ward enters if they be in Petit's occupacon. What"^^ in Badcock's demise Mr. Ward hath no claime to. I suppose the six acre close pasture . . . the close my cousin Ann claimes were always reckoned part of the 42 acres ... in my cousin's hands and called the home fedinge. We must be carefuU not to give Mr. Ward the possession of more than he hath a title to. I doe desire when Mr. Waller comes to you to discourse about Petit's farme that you will give him the best assistance you can and hasten him to let me heare from him. Pray let me know whether you have meet with any of the old writings in the chest that can helpe us to ascertaine the copyhold land belonginge to Leffey mannor now in mortgage to Mr. Nicoll's nieces in Ipswich. I must request of you to send me the fullest and most exact acctt you can of the land late in Winters occupacon. Pray take Mrs. Boggas or some other of your neighbours that can give you the best information and write doune the names and contents of each close and as farre as you can which is ... to be the copyhold part. By my cousin Copinger's admission there should be 42 acres copy. If any of the ffeilds have 2 names write both that I may the better Digitized by Microsoft® I20 History of the Parish of Buxhall examine them with the courte copy, perhaps the old name may be most needful for me to know. Pray take the ist opportunity you can to give me an acctt of the empty farme. Wishinge my cousin your wife a good hower, I am Y'' affect'^ cousen Geo. Goodday. Later he writes as to a Court to be held for the Manor. London, Oct. ii, 1692. Cousin Copinger, My silence had not been thus longe if my other businesse had not soe crouded in as that I was not soe well master of my time to inspect your acctt in order to make a settlem' with you. I intend it shal not be longe before you heare againe from me. My cousin Jeeling have this day brought me ffive and twenty shillings to be returned from Mrs. Levins to her kinswoman Mary Copinger at Buxhall desiringe it may be forthwith payd her and her acquittance for it sent me up to deliver to him. You may write it on the top of the halfe sheete that y' letter is writt upon ; if it be a loose paper it will pay double postage. I have by this post sent Mr. Waller orders to call a court at Buxhall which must be kept in the names of my cousin Heate and Mr. Wallinger another of my neighbours who are my trustees in the assignment of Mr. Phillips mortgage. I thinke the most proper place will be at the little house between the Church and good M"". Dasseys, where if I mistake not good M"'. Davy dwells. If the custome was to make any entertainement for the Tenants they must be contented at present with a glasse or two of the best beer and a pipe of Tobacco. I will order Mr. Waller to carry the Tobacco with him, and pray speake to my cousin Browne to let there be as many bottles of my cousin's best beer as shal be thought needfull to be used at the court. My cousin Gregory did sometime since desire to have notice when there was to be a court : if you know how to send to him when Mr. Waller hath settled the time pray let him know it. I have advised Mr. Waller of him that if he can meet with any conveyance for a letter he will write him word. I remember it is in the Layer that the bushes are soe groune as must to need stubbing. When it is the season I will appoint Mr. Cocksedge to agree for havinge them stubbed. Pray give my respects to my cousens at Buxhall resting Y'' Affect, cousen Geo. Goodday. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords i2i But to return. The result of not being able to obtain an account from Good- day was that Henry Copinger's widow Sarah and his only daughter Sarah filed a Bill in Chancery against him, and on a hearing before the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, February 22, 1706, it was decreed that an account should be taken by the Master of Goodday's charges. The Master reported, June 28, 1708, that there was only due to Goodday in priority to the settlement, or at least to Sarah Copinger's jointure and her daughter's portion, ^^657 7s. iid. Goodday's account is interesting. It is made up to 1704 and is as follows : — Account of all the mortgages and judgments with how much interest there is due upon each of them as also of other necessary disbursements which were owing to and p** by Geo. Goodday Esq' deceased and stand now charged as a debt from the heires of Henry Copinger Esq' upon their estates in Buxall and Hadleigh SufFolk. Imprimis. £ s. d. A mortgage from Capt Reynolds bearing date the 22 of June 1691 for ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 834 7 6 Interest due for the same till the 22nd of Sept. 1704 being 13 years and a quarter ... ... ... ... ... ... 552 10 6 A mortgage from Richard Phillips Esq'''' bearing date the nth and 12 of May 1692 for ... ... ... ... ... 655 00 00 Interest for the same to the 12th Nov. 1704 being 12 years and a halfe ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 409 07 6 A mortgage from Bright of Ipswich bearing date March 28 1 69 1 for ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 140 17 4 Interest due for the same till the 28 of Sept. 1704 is 13 years and a halfe ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 94 16 9 A mortgage from Edmond Coleman Esq"= and his daughter Mary bearing date Octob. 9th, 1 691 for 105 00 00 Interest due for the same till the 9 of Octo. 1704 being 13 years 68 5 00 A judgment from Mrs. Nichols bearing date the 13 of April 1 69 1 for 100 00 00 Interest due for the same till the 16 of Octo. 1704 being 13 years and a halfe 67 10 00 17 Digitized by Microsoft® 122 History of the Parish of Buxhall A mortgage and judgment from Jn. Wright bearing date the 17 of December 1690 for ... ... ... ... ••• 91 09 00 Interest due for the same till the 17 of December 1704 is 14 years 63 14 00 A mortgage from the Blomfeilds bearing date the 17 and 18 of April 1691 for 90 08 00 Interest due for the same till the 18 of Octob. 1704 is 13 years and a halfe ... ... ... ... ... ••• 60 15 00 A mortgage from Ruth Hamon bearing date the 9 of October 1691 for 73 10 00 Interest due for the same till the 9 of October 1704 being 13 years ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 47 15 06 A mortgage from Brand bearing date the 24 of April 1691 63 00 00 for Interest due for the same till the 24 of Octob. 1704 being 13 years and a halfe ... ... ... ... ... 42 10 06 A judgment from Robt Ross bearing the date the 25 of February 1690 for .... ... ... ... ... ... 33 10 00 Interest due for the same till the 25 of Novemb. 1704 being 13 years and 3 quarters ... ... ... ... ... 23 o 7^ ^3617 07 22 1 The Disbursmts are as follows : — Paid by Geo. Goodday Esq" deceased upon Ruth Hamon's sur- rendering lands at Hadleigh to him ... ... ... 16 00 6 P'' Mr. Butler for carrying on a Suite in the Exchequer ... 37 8 3 P'' Mr. Wright on the same account ... ... ... ... 20 4 i P'' Mr. Waller on the same account ... ... ... ... 39 00 00 P'' more to Mr. Waller for defending and prosecuting an extent and other suits in the Excheq. for Indemnifying Capt. Copingers Estate agst a bond of ^19,000 given to the late King and Queen on acctt of Mr. Love Receiver Generall 69 10 00 Due in all ... ... ;^3799 10 ooj Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 123 An account of Receipts with the papers is as follows :- An acctt of how much money has been reed, on Copinger Esq"^ deceased in Buxall and Hadleigh Suffk. the Estates of Henry Reed, by Samuell Waller for Quitt rent ... Reed, by Samuell Waller as Steward Reed, by Tho. Cocksedge as Steward for the year 1694 Reed. do. for the year 1695 Reed. do. for the year 1696 Reed. do. for the year 1697 Reed. do. for the year 1698 Reed. do. for the year 1699 Reed. do. for the year 1700 Reed. do. for the year 1701 Reed. do. for the year 1702 Reed. do. for the year 1703 Reed, by W™ Copinger for 9 years rent at Mickinas 1699 at £1^ yearly comes to £i22 out of wch allowed him for taxes he also paying for the woods ^45 and by repairs Churchwardens and Overseers rates he having pd. them for the woods being in our possession 16 10 o which with the taxes make £61 10 o and so remain ... Reed, by Mr. Boughton as Steward for Hadleigh estate being ever since it was in our possession ... Reed, more by Geo. Goodday Esq'' decesd. Reed. do. for fines at a Court in 1692 ... Reed. do. for fines at a Court in 1696 ... In all There is also a years rent due from all the tenants at Mickmas last besides old arrears. The Quitt rents of the Manor are much in arrears and there will be severall fines due when a Court is called. £ s. d. 34 3 II 117 II 7- 63 12 7 13 II 9 44 10 9 114 2 10 129 I I 166 Hi 99 13 4 137 I 9i 91 6 10 53 2 6 73 10 00 142 05 02 105 13 10 16 15 00 40 00 00 ^1442 04 II The money found to be owing to Goodday was paid by Sarah Copinger the Elder, and the re-conveyance, July 5, 1708, made to trustees, Messrs. Capper, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 124 History of the Parish of Buxhall Bright, and Fletcher, in trust for Sarah Copinger the Elder until she should be paid her jointure and the sum of £()S1 7s- nd. with interest, and then in trust for Sarah Copinger the Younger until she should be paid her portion, which under the settlement was ,^2,500 and interest, and then in trust for George Goodday subject to redemption in favour of Sarah Copinger the Younger on payment to Goodday of the sums charged by Henry Copinger subsequently to the settlement. The properties comprised in this deed of arrangement were Greenwood's 64 acres. Hard- head's 92 acres, closes of land 18 acres formerly belonging to Cogsett's Garden, Smith's 37 acres, the Manors of Buxhall alias Buckesall, Cokesall alias Cokeshall, and Old Nortons, the Woods called Pyes Wood 19 acres, the Wood 5 acres containing 14 acres and the pasture called Patronage piece " planted with fruite trees. The parties seem to have had a pleasure in specifying property which could not possibly pass under the Deed. The Manor of Cokersall, or Cockerells, was then in the Vesey family, where it had been for 150 years prior to this date, and before it came into the Copinger family in the person of Gregory Copinger. As the annual value of the property, re-conveyed by Goodday, was but j^ii9 9s. 4d., and Henry Copinger, who had died in 1691, had covenanted that his wife's jointure should be ;^327, there appeared to be little chance of the daughter Sarah receiving her portion of ;^2,500, and no probability whatever of Goodday ever seeing any of his father's advances beyond what had under the arrangement been already paid. For the conduct of the suit, and to enable her to pay off Goodday's charge, Sarah Copinger, the mother, had borrowed ot her sister-in-law, Mary Copinger, ^850. In order to secure this sum and to make some provision for her daughter, she joined with Mary Copinger in executing a deed, dated September 11, 1 708, which, after showing that Sarah Copinger, the mother, was much reduced in circumstances by the heavy incum- brances on the property at the death of her husband, and that there was no provision for her daughter Sarah, the necessity for action against Goodday, and that Mary Copinger had found the money to prosecute the suit, and that there was then due to her ^901. "All those the Manors or reputed Manors of Buxhall alias Buckshall, Cokesall alias Cockshalls " with the appurtenances, And also certain other lands and hereditaments in Buxhall And the perpetual Advouson and Right of Patronage of the Church of Buxhall were granted to Richard Capper and Jeremiah Bright, as to certain hereditaments in Buxhall in the occupation of Benedictus Sparrow and Thomas Grimwood to the use of Sarah Copinger the elder for life with remainder Digitized by Microsoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 125 to Sarah Copinger the younger in tail general with ultimate remainder to Sarah Copinger the elder in fee. And as to the Manors of Buckshall Cockeshall alias Cokeshall To the use of Mary Copinger for two thousand years for securing the £<^oi owing to her, with remainder to Sarah Copinger in fee. By Articles of Agreement made 20 Dec, 1709, in contemplation of the marriage of Sarah Copinger the younger with Dr. Thomas Hill it was agreed that the manors and hereditaments should be settled and the said Thos. Hill agreed that he would pay to the said Mary Copinger the sum of ^901 or else would on his wife attaining twenty-one convey the manors and estates to the said Mary Copinger in fee. By a deed Dec. 22, 17 10, certain lands in the occupation of Robert Waller and also the Advowson were granted to Francis Hutchinson and Francis Page as to the lands (but not the advowson) To the use of Thos. Hill for life with remainder to Sarah his wife, with remainder to their issue in tail, with power to Thos. Hill and his wife to revoke the uses and declare others. And as to the advowson To the use of Thomas Hill and Sarah his wife and the survivor in fee. And by the same deed all the lands in the occupation of Benedictus Sparrow and Thomas Grimwood were granted to F. Hutchinson and F. Page To the use of Sarah Copinger the Elder for life with remainder to the use of Thomas Hill for life with remainder to Sarah Hill for life with remainder to their issue in tail. And after reciting that Sarah Hill had attained twenty-one and that Thomas Hill had agreed to . convey his and his wife's interest in the Manor and estates mortgaged to Mary Copinger (except the Advowson) to the said Mary Copinger according to the Articles of Agreement, the parties conveyed " all those the Manors or reputed Manors of Buxhall alias Buckshall, Cookesall alias Cockshalls," with the appur- tenances and certain lands therein mentioned, including " that Wood or Woody ground called Pyeswood containing 19 acres and Wood called five acres Wood con- taining 14 acres and all other the hereditaments situate in Buxhall (except a farm in the occupation of the sd. Sarah Copinger, which had come to her under the Will of George Gooday ') to the use of Mary Copinger in fee." The deed recites that a fine was duly levied, and a release is given by Mary Copinger to Thomas Hill of the covenant to pay the ^^901. Thus the Manor passed to Mary Copinger, and she retained the same for ten or eleven years. On the 20th of June, 1719, she made her Will, whereby she gave the profits of Buxhall Hall Farm to Sarah ' This was Chaplyn's farm. ^ Digitized by Microsoft® 126 History of the Parish of Buxhall Hill for life, with remainder to Thos. Hill, eldest son of Dr. Thos Hill and Sarah his wife, and she devised " the Woods in Buxhall called five acres and Pyhatch Wood and also the Manor of Buxhall with all quit rents fines heriots Rolls writings and all the appurtenances thereto belonging " unto Thomas Hill, eldest son of Dr. Thomas Hill and Sarah his wife, in fee. Mary Copinger was buried at Buxhall May 19, 1720, being succeeded in the lordship of Buxhall by Thomas Hill. He, by his Will, dated the 5th of July, 1746, in which he is described as of Stowmarket, devised to his wife Lydia Hill " all that his Manor of Buxhall with the Rights, members and appurtenances in the County of Suffolk and also the advowson of the Rectory of Buxhall aforesaid and also those his Meadows called Drivers Leys then in the possession of Thomas Poole also all his close of arable land called Little Gardners and a piece of ground late a Hopyard and also all those his Woodlands containing about 30 acres all which premises were situate in the parish of Buxhall aforesaid. And also all his copyhold land held of the Manor of in the County of Cambridge To hold to her his said wife for life and after her death to his daughter Lydia in fee." Thomas Hill, the testator, died September 5, 1746, and his widow, Lydia Hill, died 4 May, 1748, at the early age of twenty-three, leaving an only child, Lydia Hill the younger, who died the 8th of May, 1759, aged 13 years, and was succeeded by the Rev. Henry Hill brother of Thomas, and then Rector of Buxhall. He married Susan Hulton. By his Will dated September 12, 1775, Henry Hill devised "All and every his manors Adowsons messuages lands tenements and hereditaments to his wife Susan for life," and after her decease to his son Henry Hill in fee, he paying after the death of his mother ^^ 1,000 to his sister Mary Hill. Susan Hill accordingly became lady of the Manor, but in 1776, by an Indenture of the 29th of September, conveyed the same to her son, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 127 Henry Hill, free from her life interest but subject to an annuity of £200 reserved to herself for life, and by an Indenture dated August 24, 1781, released certain parts of the estate from her annuity in order to allow her son to effect a proper settlement upon his marriage. The settlement was made on the 27th of August, 1781, of two farms let at ^^93 i8s. od. and ,^94 5s. od., and was upon the settlor for life, then upon Elizabeth Tweed, his intended wife, for life with remainder to issue, and in default to the settlor in fee. Susan, the widow of the first Henry Hill, died September 8, 1794. By his Will dated July 28, 1826, Henry Hill the second devised "All that his Manor of Buxhall and also that undivided moiety or half part and all other his parts or shares of and in all that messuage or tenement and farm with the lands and hereditaments thereunto belonging situate lying and being in Buxhall or in some adjoining Parish or Place in the occupation of William Spinks And also all that messuage or tenement with the land and hereditaments situate and being in Buxhall containing by estimation 10 acres which he had then lately purchased of Thomas Stearn And also all those pieces of land lying in Buxhall called Hamblins, Farrow Field, and Church Meadow or by whatever other name or names the same were called then in his own occupation And also all those messuages or tenements cottages blacksmith shop yards gardens hereditaments and premises situate lying and being in Buxhall aforesaid and then or then late in the several tenures or occupations of James Purr Blacksmith, Mary Spurgeon, Thomas Davey, Samuel Harvey, William Buxton, Edward Thurlow, Richard Sparrow, James Allen, William Harvey, Samuel Eavis, and William Spink some or one of them And also the Woods called the World's End and Pye Hatch And the messuage or tenement and farm in the occupation of William Kimball And all other the messuages or tenements farms lands hereditaments and real estate " unto Elizabeth, his wife, for life, and after her decease unto Christopher Hand Bennett and Arthur Hanbury for the term of twenty-one years from testator's death in case his nephew, Copinger Gooch, should so long continue and be a fellow of Corpus Christi College upon the trusts therein mentioned. And on the decease of testator's wife and the end or sooner determination of the term of twenty-one years, he gave and devised his said real estates unto his nephew Copinger Gooch in fee. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 128 History of the Parish of Buxhall Elizabeth Hill died March 3, 1831, when The Rev. Copinger Hill, who had assumed the name of Hill in place of Gooch, succeeded to the lordship and Manor of Buxhall and the family estates. He died in 1870, when he was succeeded by his eldest son The Rev. Henry Hill, late Rector of the Parish. The whole of the Buxhall property including the Manor (but excepting a certain small farm called Stone Farm, and the advowson which had been previously sold) passed in 1899 into the possession of Walter Arthur Copinger, who thereupon became the 45 th lord of this Manor. In the Court Rolls are two lists of Tenements within the Leet of the Town of Buxhall, one 5 and 6 Philip and Mary, and the other 2 Elizabeth. The first is as follows : The tenement Fasbornes. The Mershe, Daniel Richer's tenement, Oates Coote, Swetmans tenement, Wardes tenement, Taylors Pyes and Wigmans, Farthings and Cleves, Rames and Hawes, Elis tenement, Taylors tenement, Bertes tenement, Readers tenement, Edward Salters tenement, Darwises tenement, Hiccins and Hilles, Robert Osbornes tenemente, Langmers Agglettes and Footes, Cogmans tenement, Childes tenement, Henry Richers tenement, Pyes tenement at Pyes woode, Kysses tenement, Agnes Salters tenement, Robert Crosse for Scotes and Kebes, John Crosse for Barbours, Winters tenement, Thomas Smyth for Costardes, the tenement at the Mille, John Salter for Risbies, Revelles tenemente, Revelles tenement at Brad- broke strete, Kenetts tenement, the tenement at Buxhall woode, Pilbarowes tenement, Andrew Salters tenement, Caprons tenement, Lambes tenement, Wyllyam Syers tenement, Roger Salters tenement, Gages tenement, Gorelles tenement, Cosons tene- ment, the terme of the Manor of Buxhall, Tilles tenement in Bretramstrete. The list as given 2 Elizabeth is fuller and varies somewhat : — Tenement and land late Fasbornes now in hands of lord, Tenement and lands late Taylors namely Pyes and Wymans at the High Strete now in the tenure of William Githerytche(.?), Tenement and land called Fotes and Ketes, now in holding of James Crosse, Tene- ment and land late Ellysses, now in holding of Johanna EUysse wid.. Tenement and land late Kysses now in hands of lord, Tenement and land late Dorioythes now in Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 129 holding of John Salter, jun., Tenement and land late Brownes now in holding of Dorothy Childe, Tenement and land late Revells in Bradbroke Street now in holding of Robert More, Tenement and land late Taylours in Bretenhand Street now in the holding of Thomas Taylor, Tenement and land late Berts formerly Leches now in holding of William Berte, Tenement and land late Reders now in holding of John Salter, sen.. Tenement and land late Salters in the Church Street, Tenement and land late High'ms and Hills now in holding of George Salter, Tenement and land late Woddes being tenement called Langmere Fotes Agglettes and Barants now in the holding of John Wodde, Tenement and land late Barbors now John Jacob, Tenement and land late Barkers now John Bridgge, Tenement and land late Gonnalls now in holding of William Vesey, Tenement and land late Gage now in the holding of Henry Rycher, Tenement and land late Kate Skotes now William Collen, Tenement and land late Manb, now Robert Martyns, Tenement and land late Rysbies, " apud monte " now Elizabeth Salter wid., Roger Salter for Tenement " sone apud hymde hill," Tenement and land late Costards in the highe strete, Tenement and land late Pilbarowes now Margaret Pilbarowe, Tenement and land late Andrew Saters Tenement and land late Caporus, now William Caporus, Tenement and land late Lames now Agnes Lames, wid., John Salter for land called Swetemans, Tene- ment and land late Wards ante Ryches, Tenement and land late Wyndysshe formerly Revetts, Tenement and land late Cossyns, Tenement and land late Hawes now John Brastret, Roger Bradstret, John Marten and Joan his wife and Anne Brastrete single woman. Tenement and land Tylles now Edward Brastrete, Tenement and land at the Mill late Seyrs, Tenement and land late Wynters now John Salter, Tenement and land late Kenytts now John Salters, son of John Salter, sen.. Tenement and land late Fryers now Henry Rychers, Tenement and land formerly Gawge now of the said Henry Richers, Tenement and land late Farthings and Cleves now Richard Richers, Tene- ment and land late Deenes Woode and William Seyr, Tenement and land late of Borares Wodde now John Osbornes, Tenement and land late Coggemans Tenement and land late Pyes at Pyes Hatch Wodde, Tenement and land at Spitlands called Buxhall Wodde (held by Martin Rycher). Most of the above can be identified, but some of the tenements have passed away entirely — for instance, Cogman's tenement, formerly in Cogman's Lane. Costardes have certainly been pulled down. Gates Coote, or Kate Skotes, is now known as Gates Coates, and is still copyhold of the Manor, being held by Mr. Richer, of Rattlesden ; Taylors Pyes and Wigmans or Pyes and Wigmans, now form part of the Lodge farm, Farthings and Cleves was late the Parish Room. Elis Tenement, or " tene- 18 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® f^T! 130 History of the Parish of Buxhall ment and land Ellysses, now in holding of Johanna Ellysse late widow" of 2 Eliz. is now known as Rudlands, and lies between the Valley and Coles Farms. Bertes tene- ment, formerly Leches, is still copyhold of the manor and held by Mr. Gudgeon, late of Stowmarket. Hiccins and Hilles in 2 Eliz. in holding of George Salter, is the messuage lying next to "Rivetts" in Buxhall. Langmers Agglettes and Footes is still copyhold of the Manor, and held by Mr. Hammond, of Colchester. Childe's tenement was subsequently known as Browns, and occupied the site of the two cottages now standing opposite the Valley Farm. Henry Richers tenement, or Friars, occupied the site of the two cottages now standing next to the late Parish Room. Pye's tenement, at Pye's Woode, was copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall till recently — in fact, till 1899, when it was enfranchised. Barbours is still copyhold and held by Mr. Gudgeon, of Stowmarket, with Berts. Risbies or Rysbies, held by John Salter, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary, and by Elizabeth Salter wid., 2 Eliz., is what is now known as Purple Hill Farm. Revelles tenement or Barkers is the present Post Office of Buxhall. Kenett's tenement occupied the site of the cottages now stand- ing opposite to the Maypole Farm. " Gonnalls," in holding of William Vessey, was later known as " Gunnells," and is now known as the Hollybush. Pilbarowes is now known as Coles Farm, and Wyndysshe, formerly Revetts, as the Cottage. The Following is a Summary List of the Lords of the Manor of Buxhall. [1050] Leswin Croc. [1067] Roger Pictaviensis. II 02 King Henry L 1 135 King Stephen. 1 1 54 King Henry H. [11 76] Roger de Esturmy. 12 10 Sir William Esturmy. [ 1 2 1 5] Sir Robert Esturmy. 1244 Sir Roger Esturmy. 1254 Sir William Esturmy. 1300 Roger Sturmy [1327] Sir WilHam Sturmy [1367] Rhosia Esturmy [1382] Emma Clements [1397] Ahce Cakestreet [141 2] John Copinger [1428] William Copinger [1436] John Copinger 1 44 1 William Copinger [1450] Walter Copinger. 1 5 12 John Copinger. 1 5 17 Walter Copinger. ^^53^ John Copinger 1539 Henry Copinger 1543 Agnes Copinger 1600 Francis Copinger 1603 Henry Copinger 1622 William Copinger. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Manor of Buxhall and its Lords 131 1648 Mary Copinger. 1746 Lydia Hill. 1663 Henry Copinger. 1748 Lydia Hill the Younger 1675 Mary Copinger the Younger 1759 Rev. Henry Hill. 1686 Henry Copinger. 1775 Susan Hill 1692 John Heath and Anthony Wal- 1776 Henry Hill, the son. linger, as mortgagees. 1826 Elizabeth Hill. 1708 Sarah Copinger. 1831 Rev. Copinger Hill. I7I0 Mary Copinger. 1870 Rev. Henry Hill. 1720 Thomas Hill. 1899 Walter Arthur Copinger Thus, for nearly a thousand years, there has been no break in the continuity of the lords. This unbroken continuity through all these ages is a powerful testi- mony to the stability which has been one of the most marked characteristics of the institutions of this favoured country. Such a period, indeed, forms a long interval in human history, and equals the period which spans the bridge of time between Charlemagne and Louis the XIV., and Egbert and Cromwell, Alfred the Great and George I., Edward the Confessor and Edward VII. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER IV Free Tenants of the Manor of Buxhall and their Holdings AT the beginning of the sixteenth century there were over 80 free tenants holding 300 acres and upwards in the parish of Buxhall, and 70 acres in the parish of Finborough. They also held 38 separate tenements. Most of these free tenancies have ceased to exist by reason of their having been acquired by the lord of the Manor and merged in the general estate. We propose to specify merely the free tenancies which it has not been possible to identify or which are still held of the lord by service or yearly rent, suit of court and fealty. To each a relief is also incident on death or alienation. Among the tenants of the Manor we meet with several persons of distinction, as, for instance, the Duke of Norfolk, Lord Howard, Lord de Morley, Lord Berghersh, Sir Robert Haughton, one of the Justices of the King's Bench, Sir John Hungerford, Sir John Gilbert, Sir Thomas Timperley, Sir Robert and Sir Henry North, Sir John Spring, Sir Thomas Rivett, and Dr. Wollaston. In 1627 the free tenants of the Manor were as follows : — 1. Two tenements Foots and Kybes with 10 acres of land, meadow and pasture, lying in Buxhall in a way called Garner's Street. Sept. 30, 5 Eliz., John Crosse did fealty for. Rent iiij'' [but for tenement Footys and 10 acres late in tenure of James Crosse it is said in the Court held July 15, 5 Eliz., that from the Rolls of Rich. II. the yearly rent was xxij'']. This land now belongs to the writer, but it cannot be identified further than that both sides of the street in question at this spot are owned by him. 2. Fenn Street. Six [? 15] acres meadow and pasture lying at Fenn Street, at rent of iij"* iiij''. Sept. 30, I Mary, John Salter of Badwell sold to William Pylberow and he did 13-= Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 133' fealty, and Sept. 30, i Eliz., Joan Pilbarow acknowledged that she held as late of William Pilbarow formerly of John Salter, and did fealty. Dec. 7, 30 Eliz., found that William Pylborowe had sold " certain lands and 1 5 acres lying at Fenn Street at yearly rent of iij^ iiij'' to John Golesmith gent and John Mayhewe." The last is probably the same land as is found March 29, i Jac. I., to belong to Robert Grymsey in right of his wife, the description is " one tenement lying in Buxhall and 15 acres of land formerly of John Salter of Badwell of the yearly rent of iij nij . Two [4 Jac. I. One 9 Jac. I.J tenements and 5 acres of land lying in Buxhall, between land of Thomas Harte and on the Highway leading from Fenn Street towards the Church of Buxhall, one head abutting on land of Manor of Buxhall, and the other head on the Highway aforesaid at rent of iij"^. Found Sept. 30, 4 Jac, that John Shribb took from Thomas Allen and did fealty, and March 29, 9 Jac. I., that John Shribb and Edward Carter alias Morgan had held and that Edward Carter alias Morgan had died, and that Reginald Carter alias Morgan was his son and heir. Certain lands and tenements lying in Buxhall, late in the tenure of Thomas Taylor by the yearly rent of ij* vi''. Found Sept. 30, 6 Jac. I., Thomas Ryvett died seised and same were then in tenure and possession of Edward Ryvett his son, and the bailiff was commanded to warn the said Edward Ryvett to be at the next court to pay and do to the lord of this Manor the rent, fealty, and all other things, &c. 5. Brettenham Street. One tenement called Sieelys [2 and 3 Phil, and Mary ; Leelys, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary], with 12 acres of land in Buxhall at Bretenham Street. Sept. 30, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, found that John Taleur had died seised and left same to Joan his wife for life, and at her death to his son Thomas Taleur. Sept. 30, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary, Joan did fealty and paid rent of iij^ iiij"* as also I Eliz. Digitized by Microsoft® 134 History of the Parish of Buxhall 6. A piece of land called Aldewock held at rent of ilij'', and one tenement and 1 1 acres of land meadow and pasture formerly Spitlemans at yearly rent of xx"*, with the appurtenances lying in Brettenham Street in Buxhall. August 6, 4 Jac. I., Edward Crosse did fealty, having purchased from Rev. Edward Ball. See No. 22. 7. One piece of land called Gorey Croft containing by estimation 2 acres and a half lying in Buxhall among lands of the Manor of LefFey on the east, and the high- way called Spetyllman Strete on the west, and abutting at one head upon lands of John Spryng, Knight [i Eliz., William] called Herdhedder meadowe towards the south [and upon Styllemans Strete towards the north], at rent of Ij'' viij''. Granted by lord out of hand 4 Edw. VI. to William Bradstett. Sept. 30, I Eliz., it was found that William Bradstrete lately held, and that John Bradstrete was his senior son and of full age. He came to the court and refused to receive the land out of the hands of the lord, and it was consequently "commanded to the Baili^fF to provide to the lord a new tenant, &c." Proclamation was made for a tenant April 14, 5 Eliz. 8. One acre of land lying at Buxhall at the yearly rent of xiiij'', and one tene- ment called Footes and half another acre lying in Buxhall in Brettenham Street formerly of John Wood, and formerly at the yearly rent of vij'' and work three days in the autumn and other services, but now by the assent of the lord and tenant holding at the yearly rent of ij^ vj** and other services. Richard Wood found March 29, i Jac. I. (1603), to be seised. 9. One piece of land in a certain close called Highgate, lying in Buxhall between land known as Bradstreet and a footpath, one head abutting on the Highway and the other on land called Quailstone, at rent of xviij''. Found Oct. 6, 1630, that John Sheepe died seised and that Edward Sheepe was his son and heir. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 135 10. Three acres of land parcel of a certain field called the " Melle Felde," at yearly iiij^ April 24, 3 Edw. VI. John Lacy paid up arrears of rent for 5 years. 11. One tenement called Tylekiln, with two pieces of land containing four acres, one piece containing two acres, parcel of Mellefylde in Buxhalle and lying between lands of the Manor of Buxhalle and land of the Manor of LefFey, one head abutting on lands of the Manor of LefFey aforesaid and the other upon a certain road of the lord of the said Manor of Buxhall, the second piece containing two acres of bond land in Buxhall aforesaid, parcel of Mellefelde and abutting on the Melle damme, at the yearly rent for the two pieces of iiij% and rent of comb from three weeks in three weeks. Granted by lord ou£ of hand to John Osborne, i Eliz. (1558), for life only. 12. High Street. One piece of land called Myll hyll containing by estimation six acres lying [3 and 4 Phil, and Mary, in a certain field called Huyfeld] in Buxhall, one head abutting on the Highway called High Street in Buxhall, and the other head abutting on the Manor of Canteloes Hall and tenements anciently held free at the rent of iij^ [3 and 4 Phil, and Mary ij*" iiij'']. Sept. 30, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary, Thomas Sellowes did fealty, and Robert Sellows, alias Smyth, acknowledged, Sept. 30, 10 Eliz. Sept. 30, 5 Jac. L John Sellowes, jun., did fealty. John Sellowes sold to Margaret, wife of George French, gent., one close on Mill hill containing five acres, and she, March 9, 21 Car. T., conveyed to the said George French. 13. Two pieces of land at Highstreet called Smythe's land, now called Bentall's croft, at yearly rent of iij^ And four acres of land called Mill Hill abutting on High Street at yearly rent of x'*, and one tenement called Goldyings, one tenement called Bendies, and one acre and three rods pasture called Parkyns croft, and four acres of land called Sicolls, at yearly rent of iiij^ iij'*. Digitized by Microsoft® 136 History of the Parish of Buxhall Robert Sellowes acknowledged April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. William Smyth found March 29, i Jac. I., to have held six acres called Hyghefield at High-, strete, with one tenement and four acres of land formerly of Thomas Smyth at the rent of ij' iiij'', and at same time found that Henry Rychar held four acres called Mill Hill, late Robert Sellowes, at rent of iij% part of a larger rent and ten acres of land remaining in the hands of Robert Sellowes and apportioned with consent of lord. 14. A piece of meadow containing two acres [ij 1629] with the appurtenances in Buxhall adjoining the way leading to High Street, and thence to a tenement called Wardes [the Butterfly] at rent of xvj'' [1628 xviij'']. Found April 14, 26 Eliz., that John Norteley had sold to Rose Barker [.'' Baker], widow, who did fealty. March 29, i Jac. I., George Baker did fealty, and found March 28, 1621, that he had sold to William Chinrye. Found Oct. 8, 21 Jac. I., that WilHam Chinerye had died seised, and that Martin Chinerye was his son and heir, and he paid relief April 16, 1628, and sold to Daniel Richer, who did fealty April 15, 1629. 15. One tenement called Edwardys. Found July 22, 2 Mary, that the warden of the parish church of Fynbarowe magna had drawn ij'* halfpenny of yearly rent out of it for divers years then elapsed and it wzls commanded to the bailiff^ to distrain. 16. One close called Cringlinos at rent of vj"*. April 25, 1639, Jeremias Garner paid relief, having taken under will of Robert Garner his father. Found Jan. 21, 1649, that Jeremias had died and that Jeremias Garner was his son and heir. 17. Four acres of land lying in Buxhall at rent of ij''. Found May i, 1641, that Jeremias Garner had purchased of Thomas Chaplyn. 18. Certain lands at rent of j'' g''. Found June 16, 1647, that Thomas Lockwood held in right of his wife, Anne, April 5, 1670, Edward Lockwood, son, paid relief on his father's death. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 137 19. One piece of meadow containing by estimation one rod and a half. Found April 14, 21 Car. I., that Thomas Bugge had died seised, and by his will left to John Bugge, who paid relief March 28, 1649. Found August 15, 1670, that John Bugge had died. 20. Certain lands at yearly rent of v'f, and other land at yearly rent called Willi- sons ; Rent ij. Found April 24, 3 Edw. VI., that Henry Smyth, alias Bayly, died seised, and court ignorant of particulars. This is possibly Taylor's Croft. 21. One messuage built on a croft of half an acre of land pertaining to said messuage at rent of one " clavis garofoli." Sept. 30, 4 Edw. VI., found Margaret Salter died seised, and that John Salter was her son and heir. 22. One piece of land lying in Alderworke, at one time in the tenure of Edward Langmer lying between land formerly of Walter Fote, then of John Woode on the one part and land formerly of the said Edward Langmer since of William Bert on the other part, at the yearly rent of iiij"*. Sept. 30, 4 Edw. VI., William Berte and John Taylor, wardens of the church of Buxhall, acknowledged that they held free and paid arrears of rent for six years. This is probably part of No. 6. 23. One piece of land containing one acre and a half, including hedge and ditch lying in Buxhall called Gream Any Croft, lying between land of Robert CoUen, afterwards of Robert Tenwyther, on the one part, and the way leading to the Church of Buxhall on the other part, abutting on a meadow of the Manor of Robert Salter called Standons meadow, then of John Cage and the said Robert Collen towards the west. Sept. 30, 4 Edw. VI., Richard Collen acknowledged that he held with Christine his wife, and that same was formerly in the holding of George Salter, alias Smyth. 19 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 138 History of the Parish of Buxhall 24. Certain lands free of the Manor at the yearly rent of iij^ ilij'^. April 8, 5 Edw. VI., Robert Sellowys, son and heir of John Selowys, acknow- ledged and did fealty for. 25. One messuage and divers lands and tenements held free at rent of xxij^ vj''. Sept. 30, 6 Edw. VI., Edward Salter acknowledged that he held in free socage and did fealty, and found Sept. 30, i Mary (1552), that he had died, and that John Salter was his son and next heir and Margaret Salter his widow. Sept. 30, 1 1 Eliz., it was found that Edward Salter had died, holding at his death his capital messuage and divers lands sometime bond but afterwards sold to him free by deed of Henry Coppenger, Esq., at one time lord of the Manor, reserving to himself a certain yearly rent of xxij'' vj"^, and for a relief xxij^ vj^ and suit of court as appears in the deed to the said Edward by the said Henry Coppenger. " Whansoever the said Edward his heyers or assignes shall happen to dye beinge owner of the forseyd land that than such persone or persons as shall come to the same by dyscent or by any last will or by any other devise conveyaunce or assuraunce of the same," &c. It was found that John Salter was Edward's only son and heir. April 15, 1629, Robert Browne did fealty for these premises, having taken of Edward Salter. April 5, 1670, William Brown having died his son and heir, Robert Brown, paid a relief. 26. Land late of Robert Cenwyner at rent of xx^ iiij"*. Sept. 30, I Mary, found that Edward Salter died seised, and that John Salter was his son and next heir. 27. One tenement and ten acres of land held free of the Manor. Found July 22, 2 Mary, that John Taylor died seised. 28. One cottage and four acres of land [7 Eliz., formerly of John Tyntons] held by knight's service at rent of ij^ viij" [7 Eliz. as appears from the 3rd Roll of Hen. V. and 5 Hen. VI.]. April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, Henry Martin did fealty for, and Richard Sare did fealty for, Oct. i, 7 Eliz. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 139 29. Divers parcels and pieces of land lying in Buxhall at ij^ viij''. I Eliz., Robert Rednall acknowledged that he held free of the Manor the same having been formerly Christine Crosse's, and he did fealty. Robert Rydnall, Sept. 30, 5 Jac. I., did fealty, he had same after death of Christiana Rydnall, wid. Robert Rydnall, by will Nov. 7, 1631, devised to his kinsman, Robert Ridnall, who paid a relief April 20, 1632. 30. Three acres of land called White erthe lying at Popes Lane between land of Robert Bradstrete and the said way called Popes Lane, at rent of ij"^ held by knight's service. Formerly of John Howe and Anne his wife, and Elizabeth Orwknall, daughters and heiresses of Robert Hylle. Richard Sare, i Eliz., did fealty. Sept. 30, 8 Eliz., Thomas Sellowse, alias Smyth, did fealty, and Sept. 30, 10 Eliz., Robert Sellows, alias Smith, acknowledged that he held. March 29, i Jac. L, Richard Smyth found to hold, stated to be formerly of Richard Hart. 31. One messuage and acres of land adjoining, formerly Tynlors, at rent of v^ James Crosse, i Eliz., did fealty for these premises which formerly belonged to Robert Crosse. 32. A Tenement called Whitings [Phil, and Mary, Whytynges], late of Thomas Talmage with 15 "le seeches" {sic) [5 Phil, and Mary, le Stetchers] parcel of one field called Heygate, at rent of v". Sept. 30, I Eliz., it was commanded to distrain William Cook as he had failed to do fealty for, and April 26, 35 Eliz., it was found that Robert Cooke and Katherine his wife had sold to John Doggett, who did fealty. 33. Certain lands held at rent of iiij"*. Sept. 30, 2 Eliz., found that Andreas Salter had died seised and a relief of iiij"^ had accrued to lord. Digitized by Microsoft® 1^0 History of the Parish of Buxhall 34. One messuage with a piece of land arable lately called Foots, at rent of v'* and on death one horse, three sheep, and other services. And one other messuage called Cakebreds containing two acres and a half of land and pasture, at rent of ij' j"*. John Wood took, 5 Hen. VI., and Richard Wood his son, who took under his father's will, and had Oct. 4, Hen. VIII., acknowledged that he held April 14, 5 Eliz. March 24, 22 Jac. I., John Heigham found to have sold to Robert Browne, gent., who did fealty. 35. Six acres of land called Semans Croft at rent of vj"^, and one acre of land called ylder, lying between land of the Rectory of Finborough and the Highway leading to Hecham, one head abutting on land of the Town of Finborough called Modyes towards the south and lands of the said town towards the — John Sellowes alias Smyth acknowledged that he held Oct. i, 7 Eliz. 36. Certain land called Myndysos at yearly rent of ij''. Found Oct. 7, 14 Eliz., that Robert Martin had died seised, and that Thomas Martyn was his son and next heir, and he did fealty. 37. One tenement called Reders with two pieces of land, containing by estimation eight [_seven i Jac. I.] acres, lying in Buxhall, at the yearly rent of xiiij"*. Found March 27, 19 Eliz., that John Salter, sen., died seised, and that John Salter, jun,, was his son and next heir. John Salter was found to be owner March 29, i Jac. I. 38. One house and one piece of pasture containing one rod and one parcel of land containing two acres one rod, lying in Buxhall, at yearly rent of xvj''. Found March 27, 19 Eliz., that Richard Reynolds had sold to Robert Fynche, who did fealty, and found April 14, 26 Eliz., that Robert Fynche had sold [two acres] to Henry Gilbert, Esq. 39. One piece of land containing by estimation three acres adjoining glebe of the Rectory of Buxhall, between customary land of the Manor of Great Finborough and Digitized by Microsoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 141 lands adjoining to this Manor and a meadow called Pickards Meadow, with the appurtenances, in Buxhall, at rent of xviij''. Found Oct. 8, 21 Jac. I., and April 29, i Car. I., that Daniel Pulford, of Battisford, had sold to one Keble. 40. One close of land and pasture divided into two parts called Heygates, con- taining by estimation twelve acres, lying in Buxhall near the way called Heygate Lane, at the rent of xviij''. John Sheepe March 24, 22 Jac. I., attorned tenant. 41. One piece of land called Branchifield, containing by estimation six acres, at yearly rent of viiij"*. Abraham Salter, who took under the will of his father George Salter, did fealty April 22, 2 Car I. 42. One messuage with the appurtenances called Longmas [22 Eliz., Longmere], situate in Buxhall, at the rent of iij"* [22 Eliz. iij''.] Found June i, 22 Ehz., that Joan Ellice, widow, who held for life had died, and Richard Ellice, son of Andreas Ellice, who was entitled in remainder, paid a relief of iiij'* to the Bailiff of the Manor to the use of the lord and did fealty in full court. Found April 20, 1632, that John Studd had died, and that Anna, wife of Henry Sier, Katherine Studd, and Mary Studd were his daughters, and they paid the relief. See Nos. 6 and 22. 43. One close of land lying in Buxhall, containing six acres, at rent of ij^ vj''. Edward Death did fealty May i, 1633, on purchase from Benedict Posford. In Court Nov. 18, 15 Car. I., it was found that Edward Death had died, and that Thomas Death was his eldest son and heir ; but the rent is stated to be 10* only. Found April 8, 1662, that Thomas Death had died, and that Thomas Death was his son and heir. 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One acre of land and one- acre meadow abutting on the Horsewager [20 Eliz., Horse-Mayre] at Boyton Hall in Great Finborough, formerly of John Metwold, afterwards of John Wenieve, held at the rent of iij'' ; and one messuage and certain lands with the appurtenances called Oathet [20 Eliz., Oake Streete Ferm parcel of land, late of John Joes], and a certain piece of land containing two acres and one piece called Scotyna meadow, at rent of ix"*. Sept. 30, 4 Ed. VI., Thomas Timperley did fealty. Found April 3, 20 Eliz., that he had sold the one-acre meadow to Nicholas Tymperley, his son, and (sic) his wife, but at a Court held March 24, 22 Jac. I., found that Richard Timperley, who held lands late of Thomas Timperley, namely, one acre of land and one acre meadow abutting on the Horsewager at Boyton Hall, held at the rent of iij**, and diverse lands, meadow and pasture, called Oake Street Ferme, parcel of land, late of John Joes, held at the annual rent of ix'', as appeared by the Roll, 2 Eliz., died since last Court, and that Sir Thomas Timperley, Knt., was his son and heir. Found Feb. 26, 165 1, that Edward Weneve, Esq., had purchased of Sir Thomas Timperley, and April 13, 1659, that Edward Weneve had died and that George Weneve was his son and heir. 58. One croft or piece of land lying in Great Finborough, called Qualstone [i Mary, Queelstone], containing four acres, at rent of iiij"^. Sept. 30, I Mary, Michael Talmache did fealty ; March 29, i Jac. I., Richard Man did fealty, holding for life with remainder to his son, Michael Mann, who sold to Sir John Gilbert, who August 6, 4 Jac. I., did fealty. 59. One piece of Alder Grove meadow, lying in Great Finborough at Joes [Ives] Mill, containing by estimation half an acre, between the Highway leading as far as Burfordebrege towards the south, and the stream running from a certain mill called Ives Mill towards Combesbrege on the part of the north, one head abutting on land, late of John Ives, called Boyton Fen, towards the west, and the other head abutting on Alder Grove of a certain William Lyng, called Castrell Fen, towards the east. At rent of x"*. Grant to John Wage, jun., and his heirs April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 145 60. One piece of pasture and one wood called Higgat [1556, Heygate, 1603] Field in Finborough, containing by estimation in the whole fifteen acres, lying between land of Robert Bradstret on one part — and on the other part at yearly rent of xviij^'J. Robert Bradstret, son and heir of Robert Bradstret, acknowledged he held April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, and John Shypp, March 29, i Jac. I. 61. Three acres of land called Lepkyns, lying in Great Finborough, at rent of vj'', formerly belonged to Richard Chestons, then to Richard Bradstret, and Robert Bradstret did fealty for, April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. 62. A piece or parcel of land in Great Finborough containing eight acres, at rent of ij^ iij"*. Thomas Sellows alias Smith did fealty Sept. 30, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary. 63. One piece of land anciently called Overierdge, late John Henrys, and since Tyntons, in Great Finborough, with the house, lately decayed now newly built, lying between land of the Manor of Adders Hall on the north, called Smalhobbys, and land of Michael Talmage on the south, one head abutting on land of the said Michael Talmage, and the other head on west abutting on the road called Cog- many's Lane, containing by estimation one rod more or less. Thomas Harwyn did fealty in the time of Elizabeth. 64. One acre and a rod of land called Edwardes, at the yearly rent of i'', for- merly Bradstreets, and one tenement called Cockwells lying in Finborough, at the yearly rent of j'', formerly of Thomas Nene, at the yearly rent of viij'', late of the said Thomas, at the yearly rent of vj'', and premises of Robert Fyches, who held free of the Manor two acres of land called the Tufte, formerly of Thomas Rogers, at the yearly rent of ij''. William Smyth and Robert Fyches, under the name of the Feoffees of Great 20 Digitized by Microsoft® 14-6 History of the Parish of Buxhall Finborough, held March 29, i Jac, I. It was found, April 26, 16 15, that Robert Fytches died seised of one acre and a half lying in Buxhall. 65. One tenement called Whytemans and one garden in Great Finborough at rent of iiij"*, and five "virgate" of land parcel of Heygate in Finborough aforesaid at rent of j''. -Found Oct. II, 1616, that John Robwood, who held these, had died seised, and Maria Robwood and Helen Robwood were his daughters and co-heiresses, 66. One tenement and divers lands and tenements in Great Finborough at rent of xxiij"* (two acres of land, once of Roger Harley, lying at Barren Hill in Fin- borough at yearly rent of iij^), and half an acre of land in Finborough aforesaid, once of Tynbonds, at yearly rent of j''. Found Oct. II, 14 Jac. I., that Henry Jower had died seised, and that Elizabeth, then wife of Thomas Taylerd, was his daughter and heiress. 67. One close called NichoUs, containing four acres, lying in Great Finborough, between the land of the Manor of Cantloes and land of Thomas Fuller, one head abutting on the land of John Sellows towards the west and the other upon Weather Street Lane towards the East. John Sellowes sold to Edward Sier, as found Feb. 26, 1651. At the same time a rent of vij^ j'' was apportioned, George French paying for a close called Mill Hill xx**, and Edward Sier for above xxj'', and Dorothy, wife of William Sier, for the residue iiij'' j''. 68. Tenements called Cokerells in Little Finborough, by name " Villat de ffyn- barough," at rent of ij. It was found July 22, 2 Mary, that the warden of the Church of Little Finborough had drawn one penny a year rent for divers years then elapsed out of this, and it was commanded to the bailiff to distrain. Sept. 30, I Eliz., Thomas Bute paid xvj'' for sixteen years' arrears of rent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Free Tenants of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 147 69. Certain lands in Great Finborough at rent of viij''. Elizabeth, wife of Edward Hobard, late wife of Henry Smyth, did fealty Sept. 30, I Mary, 70. Two pieces of land, meadow and pasture, with the appurtenances, containing fifteen acres, lying in Great Finborough and Buxhall, at rent of xviij''. Michael Talmache, Sept, 30, i Mary, did fealty. The premises afterwards belonged to Ambrose Corbold, and he sold to Richard Saer, who did fealty Oct. i, 15 Eliz,, and Feb. 24, 1606, Robert Jewer did fealty. 71. Two acres of land parcel of Bawkefield lying in Great Finborough, March 29, 9 Jac. I., Edward Marten did fealty. 72. Divers lands and tenements called Welescom lying in Great Finborough, now called " Talons," containing by estimation nine acres lying near lands, late Tyntons, on the east, and lands of the Manor of Finborough Hall on the west, at a yearly rent of xxiij"*^. Formerly belonged to Robert Jower, and his son, John Jower, 4 Edw, VI., did fealty for same. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER V The Copyholders of the Manor of Buxhall and their Holdings (1) Gates Coates. (2) Meare Picks Aggletts and Longmers and Little Boycroft. (3) Cocksalls. (4) Barbers and Berts. (5) Symthes and Bradstrets. (6) Hawes. (7) Paynes Croft and Benets Meadow. (8) Small Hobbs. (9) Land near Mill-Green. Enfranchised. (10) Smythes and Seven Acres. (11) Woodfield. (12) Fundlings or Barons. (13) Pye Hatch Farm. (i) Gates Cotes A TENEMENT with garden and orchard, customary and heriotable, called Cotes [161 6 C^tes Cotes], containing one rod, lying in Buxhall between the highway leading to Rattlesden and a croft called Taylors Croft, one head abutting on the said croft and the other on a meadow formerly of Francis Bacon, gent., but then of Galfrid Parkard, late of Robert Browne, gent., called Skondons meadow ; rent iij^. In the time of Henry VIII. this property was held by Clemens Warren, who, with Margaret his wife, surrendered same conditionally to Richard Collen, Sept. 30, 4 Edw. VI., who before Sept. 30, 9- Eliz., had sold to John Salter, son of John Salter, sen., who was then admitted. This John Salter, jun., sold to Thomas Harlying, who was admitted Oct. 7, 14 Eliz. Thomas Harlying or Hawyn, by his will June 8, 33 Eliz., gave this property to his wife Margaret during widowhood, with remainder to John her son. Margaret was admitted August 31, 33 Eliz., and Oct. 26, 1608, sold her life interest to Joan Lane, wife of Henry Lane. On death of Margaret and John, Thomas, the brother of John, succeeded, and he surrendered to Anne Locke, Oct. 11, 161 6. She died leaving her brother and heir Ananias Smythe, who was admitted March 28, 1621, and who, March 30, 3 Car. I., surrendered to Abraham Rudland, who was admitted April 16, 4 Car. I., and he sold to William Bowie May 12, 1633, who was admitted on April 23, 1634. 148 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 149 He surrendered Oct. i, 1634, conditionally to Nathaniel Maiden, who was admitted April 15, 1635, 3.nd by his will August 13, 15 Car. II., devised the property to Abigail Stassord (whom he intended to make his wife) for her life, with remainder to John Maiden, his eldest son. Abigail was admitted Oct. 4, 1670, and John Maiden the son, Nov. 4, 1678 ; and he Jan. 7, 1703, sold to John Griggs, of Buxhall, yeoman. John Griggs died, and his son John Griggs was admitted July 9, 17 1 7. John Griggs, eldest son and heir of the last John Griggs, was admitted Nov. 6, 1756, the premises being then described as "One messuage or tenement with the outhouses and yard thereto belonging, situate in Buxhall between the lands of John Bowie east and the lands of Sarah Sulyard widow west, abutting on the highway south and on the lands of Sarah Coppinger widow north, in the tenure and occupation of Thomas Howard." The last John Griggs sold to John Manning Feb. 19, 1766, who was admitted May 30, 1766, and Nov. 8, 1770, sold to Daniel Jacob, of Buxhall, yeoman, who was admitted July 30, 1771, and on his death his eldest son and heir, Daniel Jacob, was admitted May 19, 1777. Daniel Jacob the son, Dec. 18, 1777, sold to Thomas Dykes, of Brettenham, yeoman, who was admitted March 26, 1779 ; and on his death his eldest son, Thomas Dykes, of Buxhall, yeoman, was admitted Dec. 23, 1823. Thomas Dykes the son by will Jan. 6, 1843, appointed Frederic Rands Melton and Isaac Clover his executors, and authorised them to sell. This they did by deed Dec. 27, 1849, to Mary Otterwell, wife of Zachariah Otterwell, of Bricet, yeoman, and she was admitted Feb. 8, 1850. Mary Otterwell married a second time one Laflin, and being a widow, by her will June 2, 1883, appointed Thomas Stearn executor and trustee, and gave the above property to such uses as he should appoint with the intent that he should sell the same. She died Jan. 15, 1884, and Thomas Stearn sold to Thomas William Dykes, of Bey ton, labourer, July 7, 1884, with the additional description — " formerly in the occupation of the Widow Pain since of Robert Dykes and John Welham and now Henry Welham and one un- occupied." Thomas William Dykes was admitted Dec. 6, 1889, and he sold Oct. 14, 1890, to William Richer, of Rattlesden, bricklayer, who was admitted August 17, 1899. A. (2) Meare Picks or Marle Pikes One piece of land, customary and heriotable, called Meare Picks or Marie Pikes, containing three acres lying in Buxhall between lands parcel of the manor of Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 150 History of the Parish of Buxhall LefFey [16 19, LeafFey] and lands called Barleycorn parcel of the said Manor of LefFey, one head abutting on lands of the Manor of Leffey called Backhouse fields and the other on Mill Street. Rent iij'' i''. B. Aggletts and Longmers. Two tenements, customary and heriotable, lying in a certain hamlet 'called Brettenham Street [2 Eliz., Breton Strete alias], one called Aggletts and the other land called Langmers with five acres of land and pasture in Buxhall between free land, formerly of Richard Wood, before of John Wood his father, and afterwards of John Higham, held of this manor, one head abutting on land of the Manor of Cockerells, and the other on the said Street called Brettenham Street. Rent of iiij^ ij'' as appears by Rolls 2 Hen. VIII. Little Boycroft. A croft of land, customary and heriotable, called Little Boycroft, with the appurtenances containing five acres [22 Eliz., formerly of Henry Muskett and Margaret his wife and afterwards of Harry Richer, sen.], lying in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall called Great Boycroft towards the east, and land of the Manor of Leffey towards the west, one head abutting on a meadow called Holbeck Meadow towards the south, and the other head abutting on the highway towards the north. Rent iiij^ A and C were in the time of Henry VIII. in Henry Muskett and i Edw. VI. were surrendered by Alice Muskett and William Bradstret to Henry Richar, who April 8, 5 Edw. VI., sold to Robert Osborne. B was in the time of Henry VIII. in John Woode, he having been admitted 36 Hen. VIII. By his will he devised same to Richard Woode, who was admitted April 14, 5 Eliz., and also acquired A. Both A and B he sold April 2, 16 19, to John Heigham, who was admitted June i, 1619, and he sold March 24, 22 Jac. to Robert Browne, who was admitted same day. C passed from the Musketts to Daniel Richar, and he sold to Edward Rushe, who was admitted Jan. 26, 11 Jac. I., and May 26, 1630, he sold to the said Robert Browne, who was admitted same day. Digitized by Microsoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 151 A, B, and C passed under the will of Robert Browne, April i, 1644, to his son Francis Browne, who was admitted April 14, 1645 ; Francis Browne, June 22, 1668, surrendered to use of himself and Mary his wife and the survivor, with remainder to Frances Browne, widow, late wife of — Beaufoy deceased, for life, with remainder to use of Francis Browne and his heirs. On Oct 4, 1670, Francis Browne the settlor was admitted for life, and on his death Mary his widow was admitted for life Nov. 3, 1685, and on her death Frances Beaufoy was admitted for life April 12, 1687. These all being dead, William Brown, son of the above Francis, was admitted Sept. 20, 1700. He died,, and his nephew and heir, the Rev. Oliver Thorne, of Hemingstow, on the Jan. 5, 1704, sold to Francis Beales, of Woolpit, plumber, who was then admitted. Francis Beales, Sept. 27, 1 73 1, sold to Sarah Sulyard, who by will Nov. 7, 1750, devised to her youngest son Francis Sulyard, who was admitted Aug. 26, 1765, and April 15, 1777, he sold to Peter Upcher, of Sudbury, Esq., who was admitted May 19, 1777. His only son and heir, Abbott Upcher, who was admitted July 15, 1797, suffered a recovery by deed Oct. 21, 18 12, and covenanted to surrender to Robert Fuller. Robert Fuller by will Nov. 24, 18 12 [? May 11, 18 13], devised the lands contracted to be purchased to Robert Fuller Osborn, commonly called Robert Osborn Fuller, then residing at Ravens Hall, in Lindsay, farmer, son of Richard and Susan Osborn, of Nedging, for life, with remainder to Robert Osborn Fuller his son, for life, with remainder in tail male. Robert Fuller Osborn, the father, was admitted Sept. 21, 18 13, for life, and on his death Robert Fuller Osborn, the son, was admitted July 3, 1826. On August 21, 1850, Robert Good Fuller, of Stowmarket, gent., the first and eldest son of the said Robert Osborn Fuller, as tenant in tail male in remainder, barred the entail and conditionally surrendered by way of mortgage Feb. 12, 1852, to William James Owen Holmes, who was admitted Nov. 28, 1865. The mortgagee sold B to Charles Pilgrim Clover Nov. 30, 1865, who was admitted May 15, 1866, and sold same to John- Henry Hammond, of Colchester, gent., Oct. 11, 1889, and he was admitted Oct. 26, 1889. The mortgagee sold A and C to George John Septimus Gage Jan. 25, 1866, who was admitted May 30, 1867, and Jan. 10, 1882, he sold to Alexander Clutterbuck, of Stowmarket, brewer, who was admitted Jan. i, 1883. He by deed Feb. 9, 1883, sold to Edward Greene, M.P., Edward Walter Greene, and Edward William Lake, all of Bury St. Edmunds, but died before having surrendered, and Edward Greene having also died on April 15, 1891, the said Edward Walter Greene and Edward . William Lake were admitted Sept. 30, 1899. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 152 History of the Parish of Buxhall (3) COPHALLS OR COCKSALLS. A meadow called Cophalls [Coxhall, Cocksalls], meadow containing four acres lying at Crosstreet in Buxhall, between lands late of John Taylor [the land of the lord of the manor] and lands of the Manor of Leffey on the part of the north and the lands of Henry Copinger, Esq., and lands of the Manor of Leffey in part on the south, one head abutting on lands of the Manor of Leffey and the other on Crosstreet [Green] towards the west, and a parcel of land called Crossland containing two acres and a half, lying in Buxhall between lands of this manor on the north and land of the Manor of Leffey on the south, one head abutting on land of this manor towards the west, and the other head on lands of the Manor of Leffey towards the east. And another piece of land called the twenty acres and three closes or crofts of land and pasture lying at the farther end of the above close, containing in the whole twenty-four acres in Buxhall, between land of the Manor of Leffey on the east and Crosstreet on the west, one head abutting on a meadow called Coxhall [Cocksalls] meadow towards the north, and the other head on Crossland in part and land of the said Henry Copinger [or of this manor] in part towards the south. Rent xxvj^ viii''. William Bert held this in the reign of Henry VIIL He died before Sept. 30, 6 Edw. VI., having surrendered to William Bert his son and heir. William Bert the son April 26, 35 Eliz., surrendered to himself for life, with remainder to Edmund Randall, clerk, and Urseley his wife and the heirs of the said Urseley ; and Oct 28, 1603, the said William Bert, Edmund Randall, and Ursula his wife surrendered all the land they held, being about thirty acres lying in Buxhall, to Edward Darbye, who was admitted Oct. 28, conditionally, and Oct. 2, 3 Jac. L, absolutely ; and he Nov. 4, Jac. L, surrendered to Edward Ball, who August 6, 4 Jac. 1., sold to Edward Crosse. Edward Crosse, by will Feb. 22, 11 Car. L, directed his executor William Greene to sell his copyholds and to pay the proceeds to his grandchildren. William Greene, by deed Oct. 24, 12 Car. L, sold to Mary Browne, daughter of Robert Browne, of Bury St. Edmunds, gent., who was admitted April 19, 1637. She married John Apple waite, and died leaving her husband and her son and heir John Applewaite surviving, and the latter was admitted May 21, 17 Car. 1. He seems to have sold to his uncle, William Browne who was admitted August 20, 1661, and he June 10, 1663, surrendered to Thomas Brown, of Lavenham, gent., who was admitted April 5, 1670. Thomas Brown, Feb. 28, 1672, sold to Thomas Chenery, of Eye, yeoman, who was Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 153 admitted May i6, 1673. On Thomas Chenery's death in 1720 he was succeeded by his only son and next heir Thomas Chenery, who was admitted May 27, 1720, and by will August 18, 1742, devised all his property in Buxhall to his eldest son Stephen Chenery, who was admitted August 23, 1746, and Oct. 12, 1764, sold to Francis Whittaker who was admitted Oct. 22, 1764. He suffered a recovery (Sept. 9, 1773), and by will Dec. 24, 1784, devised all his freehold and copyhold estate in Buxhall to David Davidson, of London Wall, pawnbroker, and William Elgie, of the City of London, cornfactor, upon trust for sale, and they being admitted Dec. 26, 1786, by deed Dec. 23, 1786, sold to John Colton, who was admitted at same court as his vendors. John Colton by will March 21, 1795, devised all his estate in Buxhall which he purchased of the executors of his late uncle Whittaker to his wife Isabella Colton, who was admitted April 28, 1796. She by will Feb. 4, 1832, devised her lands in Buxhall in the occupation of Thomas Dykes to Mary Hobson, wife of her nephew John Hobson, of White- haven, upon trust to pay out of the rents to her nephew Anthony Hobson ^100 for life and apply the residue towards maintenance of her five children William Mounsey Hobson, Isabella Colton Hobson, Mary Mounsey Hobson, Elizabeth Jane Hobson, and Sarah Ann Hobson, until twenty-one, and then that Mary Hobson should take rents for life with a devise in remainder to the children above as tenants in common. Mary Hobson was admitted Feb. 8, 1833, and died May 14, 1857. William Mounsey Hobson died Jan. 4, 1853, without issue and intestate, leaving George Mounsey Hobson his only brother and heir. Isabella Colton Hobson married Robert Henry Gibson, and died March 12, 1855, leaving him and Robert Gibson, her own child and heir. Sarah Ann Hobson married John Lawson Anderson, of Bares House, near Penrith, and George Mounsey Hobson, Robert Gibson, Mary Mounsey Hobson, Elizabeth Jane Hobson, and Sarah Ann Anderson were admitted as tenants in common Oct. 12, 1857. George Mounsey Hobson died intestate, leaving Mary Mounsey Hobson, Elizabeth Jane Hobson, and Sarah Ann Anderson, his only surviving sisters, and Robert Gibson, only child of Isabella Colton Gibson deceased, the only other sister of the said George Mounsey Hobson, co-heiresses and co-heir. They were accordingly admitted each to one-fifth, June 12, 1867. Sarah Ann Anderson died intestate, and Mary Mounsey Hobson, Elizabeth Jane Hobson, and Robert Gibson were then admitted each to one-fifth and to one-fourth of another one-fifth on Sept. 9, 1867. Mary Mounsey Hobson, having married one Lamman, died Sept. 19, 1874, intestate, and without issue leaving Elizabeth Jane Hobson, her only surviving sister, and Robert Gibson, the only child 21 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 154 History of the Parish of Buxhall of her sister Isabella Colton Gibson deceased, heiress and co-heir. Elizabeth Jane Hobson died March 30, 1877, a spinster, and intestate, leaving her nephew, the said Robert Gibson, her heir, and he was admitted to the two equal third parts of the said Mary Mounsey Lamman and Elizabeth Jane Hobson on Dec. 17, 1890, In the Court held Dec. 4, 43 Eliz., it was presented that these were not ancient lands demisable, but first granted by Henry Coppinger, Esq., deceased, late lord of the manor, to William Beart, sen., April 8, 5 Edw. VI., and that William Beart, jun., Edward and Urcella, then claimed. (4) Barbers and Berts. Berts 5 Eliz. Twelve acres of land bond called Berts, with the appurtenances in Buxhall, formerly of John Tynton. Barbers 10 Eliz. One tenement called Barbours, containing one acre lying between the street called Hyghstrete and land of the Manor, one head abutting on land of John Dygbye, Esq., and the other on a way leading towards a tenement of Henry Murten. Barbers and Berts 30 Eliz. One tenement with a garden and certain lands bond and heriotable to the same tenement belonging and appertaining called Barbors, containing by estimation one acre more or less lying in Buxhall aforesaid, between a street there called Hyghe Streete on the one side and land of the said Manor on the other side, one head there abutting on land of Henry Gilbert, gent., and the other head abutting on the way there. Berts again described giving the northerly boundary as "a street or highway leading from the tenement of Sir Henry North to the street called Hiestreet grene in Finborough." Berts. In the time of Henry VIII. this belonged to Henry Murton, and he, Sept. 29, 15 Hen. VIII., surrendered to himself, WilHam Murton and Joan his wife. Sept. 30, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary, Henry Murton surrendered to James Crosse, who was admitted same day and died before July 15, 5 Eliz., and his brother, John Crosse, admitted that day. John Crosse, Sept. 30, 5 Eliz., sold to Robert Partryche, who was admitted same day. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 155 Barbours. John Crosse was admitted to this i Edw. VI., and Sept. 30, 10 Eliz., sold to Robert Partriche, who was admitted same time. Barbours and Berts. Robert Partriche, Dec. 7, 30 EIIz., surrendered to use of himself for life remainder to his executors and administrators for a short term, remainder to John Salter, jun., and Agnes his wife, daughter of the said Robert, for life, remainder to the heirs of the said John and Agnes. These last were admitted April 26, 35 Eliz., and Feb. 24, 1608, sold to John Catton, who Oct. 8, 161 3, sold to John Bull, who was admitted same day, and Oct. 11, 1 61 6, conditionally surrendered to Edward Bull, who was admitted same time. He, Sept. 4, 1 61 8, surrendered to Nathaniel Syer for life, remainder to Elizabeth Bull, a daughter of Edward Bull, then wife of Nathaniel Syer. Nathaniel Syer was admitted April 2, 1619, and on his death Elizabeth, April 25, 1639. Sh^ sold, Oct. 9, 1648, to Richard Pilborrowe who was admitted May 16, 1649. He sold to John Hey wood, who was admitted May i, 1657. John Heywood by his will, Dec. i, 1669, devised unto Margaret his " loveing wife all that his messuage or tenement wherein one Richard Last now dwelleth with all the houses buildings yards gardens orchyards lands meadowes pastures and feudings thereunto adioyninge beinge coppiehold of the Manor of Buxhall," with the appurtenances in Buxhall and commonly called by the names of Berts and Barbers or by any other name, to her and her heirs for ever, and Margaret Heywood was admitted April 5, 1670. From Margaret Heywood the property passed to John Brett who conditionally surrendered Nov. 20, 1696, and again Nov. 14, 1701, to Robert Davy, of Buxhall, who was admitted, and Feb. 5, 1 70 1, surrendered to Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Carpenter, of Buxhall, yeoman, and Thomas and Elizabeth surrendered — Berts Barbours. to Denney of Combs, yeoman, Berts, Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Carpenter, and he was admitted Dec. 17, 1706. being a widow, died, and Elizabeth, wife Denney surrendered at the same time of Robert Taylor, only daughter of John to Samuel Purcas, of Stowmarket, Brett, and next heir, was admitted to grocer, who was admitted. Barbours, Feb. 7, 17 17. Robert Taylor and Elizabeth his wife at same court sold to Samuel Purcas, then described as a beer brewer, who was admitted. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 156 History of the Parish of Buxhall Samuel Purcas, Feb. 7, 17 17, surrendered all his tenements to use of himself and Ann his wife, and they were thereupon admitted. Samuel Purcas died before Nov. 23, 17 19, and Ann his wife married one Holmden, and on his death, she by will, Nov. 17, 1738 (.? March 16, 1736), devised all her lands in Buxhall to her niece Sarah, wife of George Elliott, of Bury St. Edmunds, brasier, for life, and afterwards to be sold by her executors. Sarah was admitted April 14, 1744, and with the concurrence of the parties entitled to the proceeds of sale, by deed August 14 and 15, 1770, sold to James Purr, of Buxhall, blacksmith, who was admitted August 16, 1770 ; and he at the same court surrendered to use of himself for life, and then of Eleanor, his wife, for life, with remainder to his own heirs ; and James Purr and his wife were admitted at the same court. James Purr July 26, 1799, sold to William Spink, of Buxhall, Wheelwright, who was admitted Sept. 20, 1800. William Spink, by will Feb. 28, 1836, devised to his son, John Spink, all that messuage or tenement, farm lands, hereditaments, and premises with the appurtenances thereunto belonging, situate in Buxhall, then in his own occupation (subject to his wife living in the parlour and parlour-chamber of the same messuage rent free during her life), and the son John Spink was admitted Dec. 14, 1842. He by deed Oct. 12, 1843, mortgaged to William Kemball the elder, and sur- rendered Feb. 15, 1849, to such uses as Kemball the elder might appoint. John Spink then by deed, June 13, 1846, made an assignment to trustees for the benefit of his creditors, under which the trustees sold to William Kemball the elder, and by deed of same date the property also was appointed by William Kemball the elder, with the concurrence of the trustees to the use of William Kemball the younger, free from any redemption by the trustees for creditors or John Spink, but upon trust for William Kemball the elder, and William Kemball the younger, was accordingly admitted April 30, 1847. William, Kemball the younger, who died Jan. 25, 1872, having by his will Dec. 3, 1859, devised all his trust and mortgaged estates to his wife Mary Ann Kemball, she was admitted July 9, 1872. She died Nov. 23, 1890, and after various devolutions of the equitable interest Mr. George Gudgeon, of Stowmarket, was on May 10, 1900, duly admitted tenant, subject to all trusts and equities affecting the premises. In a Court held 5 Eliz. July 15, a reference is made to the herlot as being one of the best animals, as appears from the Court Rolls, 21 Rich. II. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 157 (5) Smyths. A tenement called Smyths late Bradstrete, customary and heriotable, lying in Brettenham Street in Buxhall. This tenement belonged to John Bradstreete in the time of Elizabeth, and Oct. 17, 35 Eliz., he surrendered to John Baker, who, Oct. lo, 3 Jac, sold to Henry Osborne conditionally " at apportioned rent of ij'' iiij'' part of the rent of iiij^ iiij'' anciently payable out of this and other premises called Smythes, sometime since surrendered to John Pilbarowe," and Osborne was admitted Jan. 10, 3 Jac. I., and absolutely Sept. 30, 4 Jac. I. Henry Osborne sold Sept. 30, 5 Jac. I., to Henry Wood, who. May 11, 1 6 1 1 , sold to John Pilbarowe, who surrendered Oct. II, 1616, to his son William Pilbarowe and Elizabeth Atkyn, whom the son was about to marry. They were admitted same time, the rent being apportioned, William to pay ij^ part of the rent of ij' iiij"* and John, the father, to pay iiij'*. At the same court William and Elizabeth surrendered to use of Edmund OfFwood and Margaret his wife, for their lives and to the heirs of Edmund, and at the same time they were admitted, and March 30, 3 Car. I. (1627) surrendered to use of themselves for life, remainder to Anne Lanman for life, remainder to William Landman (sic) for life, remainder to Judith Warreyn, wife of Ralph Warreyn of Brettenham in fee. Anne Lanman was admitted March 28, 1649, and Judith, April 16, 1655, with her husband surrendered the reversion expectant on the death of Anne Lanman to William Lanman and Elizabeth his wife, and the heirs of the said William, and William and Elizabeth were admitted April 24, 1660. William Lanman by will Feb. 24, 1661, left all to his wife Elizabeth, and she was on his death admitted April 20, 1663, and Nov. 3, 1 67 1, surrendered to Edmund Lanman, her son, who was admitted same day. Edmund Lanman, alias OfFord, sen., Nov. 13, 17 19, surrendered to Edmund Lanman, alias Offord, jun., of Stowupland, yeoman, who by will Feb. 3, 1 76 1, devised all his estates to Edmund Offord his eldest son, who was admitted Oct. 22, 1764. Another Edmund Lanman, eldest son of the last, was admitted May 30, 1766, on the death of his father, and by the name Edmund Orford Dec. 7, 1769, sold to Sarah Fuller, of Buxhall, spinster, who was admitted Aug. 16, 1770. On Sarah's death her eldest brother and heir, John Fuller, of Melford, draper, was Jan. 11, 1780, admitted, and on his death his only son and heir, John Fuller, was admitted August 21, 1788. He died, and his son John Fuller, being then 18 years of age, was admitted May 27, 1806; and on June 21, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 158 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1 8 16, sold to Thomas Dykes, jun., of Buxhall, husbandman, who was admitted July 7, 1 8 17. By his will Jan. 6, 1843, he appointed Frederic Rands Melton and Isaac Clover executors, and authorised them to sell all his copyhold property, cottages, hereditaments, and premises in Buxhall in the occupation of Thomas and William Dykes, "William Williams, and John Welham. He died May i, 1849, and his executors sold to Thomas Dykes, of Buxhall, yeoman, the son of the deceased, who was admitted Feb. 8, 1850. The cottages referred to in the will were more than those included in the last sale. On the death of Thomas Dykes, the son, his eldest son and heir, Robert Dykes, was admitted May 2, 1865, and he, Jan. 2, 1866, sold to George John Septimus Gage, of Buxhall, butcher, who was admitted July 2, 1867. Gage died, and John Euston, of Buxhall, labourer, having from Dec. 22, 1881, been in undisputed and uninterrupted possession without any claim and without any admission of the right of the said Gage was on September 19, 1899, admitted. (6) Hawes or Hawds One messuage and garden annexed on the north called Hawes, with four acres and half of land and pasture bond and heriotable to the same messuage, belonging with the appurtenances lying in Buxhall [2 Eliz. in two pieces together adjoining namely] between the lands of the Manor of Buxhall called Smythes on the one side, and lands of the Manor of LefFey called Little Croft on the other side, one headland thereof abutting on the lane called Spetilman's Strete, and another headland abutting upon land of the said Manor of Leffey called Backhowsfeld. And also a piece of land adjoining the said messuage and occupied with the same containing three perches in length and one and a half perches in breadth. Walter Copinger, the lord of the Manor, granted the above June 5, 13 Hen. VIII., to Henry Muskett, and at a court held April 16, 2 Eliz., it was found that a certain William Bradstrete in his lifetime, without copy and without legal title, had for many years enjoyed and occupied the premises. John Bradstret was his son and heir, but the property passed to him and Roger Bradstret, Joan Marten, and Ann Bradstret, the sons and daughters of the said William, who were admitted April 16, 2 Eliz. At the court at which they were admitted it seems that Sir Clement Heigham, Sir Ambrose Jermyn, Knights, and John Holt, gent., were present as a kind of jury, and the lord " sitting In Court called before him John Bradstrete, son and heir of the aforesaid William, and questioned him by Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 159 what colour force authority or power he and the others held and occupied the land and tenements aforesaid, and he alleged none otherwise but that a certain Walter Coppinger gentlemen who had an estate of and in the manor of Buxhall with the appurtenances for term of his life by a certain his charter shown in Court," namely one of June 5, 13 Hen. VIII., enfeoffing Henry Muskett, "which same estate is void in law and of no value for that the said Walter had nothing of and in the aforesaid manor with the appurtenances whereof the aforesaid messuage garden and iiij acres and a half of land are parcel except an estate for term of his life therefore the lord after examination of the matter aforesaid and the truth of thing known as well at the special desire and request of the aforesaid Sir Ambrose Jermyn, Knight, and John Holt as for conscience sake, granted out of his hands to the aforesaid John Bradstrete Roger Bradstrete Joan Marten and Ann Bradstrete sons and daughters of the aforesaid William and his heirs the aforesaid messuage garden four acres and a half of land aforesaid with the appurtenances to whom seisin was thereof delivered to hold to them their heirs and assigns by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of this manor by the service of iiij^ rent yearly and suit of Court. And the lord at the instance of the aforesaid John Holt gave the fine for this grant only &c." Ann Bradstrete died before Sept. 12, 17 Eliz., and June i, 22 Eliz. (1580), John Bradstrete and Salpidus Parkard and Joan his wife, surrendered the premises to William Syer, who was admitted at the same time. He sold to Agnes Baker, widow, who was admitted July 16, 24 Eliz., and at the same court surrendered to the use of herself for life with remainder to her son John and his heirs. John Baker, after the death of his mother, sold to John Pilbarowe who was admitted Jan. 10, Jac. I., and on Oct. i, 15 Jac. I., 1 6 17, surrendered to the use of his son John Pilbarowe. Both father and son joined in a sale to Robert Houghton, who was admitted May 26, 1630. Robert Houghton died 13 Car. II., and Charles Houghton, his son and heir, was admitted April 20, 1663. Charles Houghton, May 12, 1686, mortgaged to Samuel Veidon, of Furnival's Inn, and three proclamations were made, and no one coming to be admitted, a warrant was issued to the bailiff and the property seised for the lord, and at a court, Dec. 29, 17 14, the property was delivered out to the Rev. Thomas Hill, who, Sept. 9, 17 15, surrendered to William Powell, who was admitted same time. WiUiam Powell died and no one claimed, and after three proclama- tions this property was again seised by Charles Butler, the bailiff of the manor under warrant, August 13, 171 8 ; but at next Court, Oct. 7, 171 8, Catherine Powell appeared, and the premises were granted to her. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® i6o History of the Parish of Buxhall (7) Payne's Croft and Benet's Meadow. Description. 1558. One croft called Paynes Croft, containing iv acres of land customary, being in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall and land of the Manor of Fen Hall on one part, and land of William Pylbarow on the other part, one head abutting on land of John Salter and another head abutting on land of the said William Pilbarow. And one piece of meadow called Benet's meadowe, containing one acre lying in Buxhall aforesaid between land of the manor of Fenhall on one part, one head abutting on land of the Manor of Buxhall called Payne's Croft, and another head abutting on land of the Manor of Fenhall. This property belonged in the reign of Henry VIII., to John Salter, he having been admitted September 30th in the sixteenth year of that king's reign. This John Salter was described as of the Fen alias of Badwell. John Salter and Joan were admitted April 8, 5 Edw. VI., and they sold to William Pylborowe Sept. 30, I Mary. William Pylbarow by will left the same to his wife Margaret for life, with remainder to his son, Wilham Pylbarrow, and Margaret was admitted Sept. 30, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary. 5 and 6 Eliz., Sept. 30th, William surrendered to use of himself for life, and then to use of Maritie, and then to use of his son William. William died, probably in his father's lifetime, leaving a son John, an infant. On attaining 21, John Pilbarowe was admitted June 1, 22 Eliz., 1580 (or April 13, 22 Eliz., as stated in Rolls, Sept. 28, 23 Eliz.). John Pilbarowe, by will, Nov. 12, 22 Eliz., devised to Alice Grymsey, his mother, who had married Robert Grymsey, for life, with remainder to his (John's) brother William and his heirs. Alice was admitted Sept. 23, 23 Eliz., and William, the brother, Dec. 7, 30 Eliz., and at the same court surrendered his remainder to John Goldesmythe, gent., and John Mayhew, who were then admitted. John Goldesmythe died before Aug. 31, 33 Eliz., and at a court this day John Mayhew surrendered the remainder to Thomas Allen, gent., who was thereupon admitted. Thomas Allen, Sept. 30, 4 Jac. I., sold to John Shribb, who was admitted same day. John Shribb died, and was succeeded by his brother Robert, who was admitted Mar. 29, 9 Jac. I. Robert Shribb left the premises to his wife Jane for life, with remainder to John Shribb. Jane, Robert's widow, married one Goodwyn, and died before Oct. 6, 7 Car. I., and John, Oct. 6, 7 Car. I., sold to Dorothy Draper, spinster, who was admitted August 20, 8 Car. I. Dorothy married one William Bugbe, and then sold to William Frost Nov. 18, Digitized by Microsoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings i6i 15 Car. I., who was admitted same day. William Frost was succeeded by his son George, who was admitted May i, 1657, and Oct. 6, 1663, sold to John Goddard, who was admitted April 5, 1670. Ann Goddard, who held, died, and John Goddard, her son and heir, was admitted Feb. 29, 1738. He, by will, Sept. 30, 1761, devised to his son, John Goddard, who was admitted Sept. 9, 1762. The last-named John Goddard, described as John Goddard the elder, of Hunston, yeoman, and his son, John Goddard the younger, suffered a recovery and sold to Mary Maltyward, who was admitted March 26, 1779. Mary Maltyward, by her will, Feb. 14, 1797, devised the above premises to her great-niece, Elizabeth Sparke Edgar, the only daughter of her late nephew, Thomas Edgar, under the description of "all that my messuage or tenement farm lands hereditaments and premises situate lying and being in Buxhall aforesaid and now in the tenure or occupation of myself and of Joseph Edwards and heretofore purchased by me or my late brother Robert Maltyward gentleman deceased of the family of Goddard," and Elizabeth Sparke Edgar was admitted Sept. 20, 1800. She married one Garnham, and by will, April 13, 1832, directed that "all the messuage or tenement and cottages with the yards gardens pieces and parcels of land with the appurtenances thereto belonging formerly Goddards then in the occupation of John Green the younger and abutting up to and adjoining her Mansion House and the messuage or Cottage being in the occupation of should within one month after her decease be offered for sale to the Reverend Maltyward Simpson by valuation, and if he declined to purchase she devised same to her husband, John Garnham." Simpson seems not to have availed himself of the option, for John Garnham was admitted Oct. 16, 1835. John Garnham, by will, June 10, 1870, devised all his property therein called his settled estates to the use of Basil Brooke Garnham, a son of his late deceased nephew, Richard Enoch Garnham, for life, with remainder to Gerald Richard Garnham for life, and after his decease to the use of the first and other sons of the said Basil Brooke Garnham in tail male, with a remainder to the first and other sons of the said G. R. Garnham in tail male, with remainder to the use of Richard William Garnham, son of his cousin, William Henry Garnham, his heirs and assigns. Basil Brooke Garnham was admitted for life Jan. 12, 1874, and on his death, April 17, 1887, without issue ; the said Gerald Richard Garnham was admitted Dec. 18, 1 891 ; and on his death, Jan. 19, 1894, without issue, Richard William Garnham, of 273 Milkwood Road, Heme Hill, surgeon, was admitted Sept. 19, 1899. 22 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 62 History of the Parish of Buxhall (8) Small Hobbes. * In Finborough. Descriptions. 33 Eliz. One messuage newly built, and one garden, one orchard, and two pieces of land, customary and heriotable, containing eight acres anticiently called Small Hobbes, lying in Great Finborough, in a certain close called Copingers field. 13 Car. II. A close, customary and heriotable, lying in Great Finborough, in tenure of John Blye, appurtenant to a messuage or tenement lately built by the said John Blye, containing three acres, abutting on land adjoining the aforesaid messuage towards the east side, and on the lane leading from High Street Green to Battisford Tye towards the west, and on customary land of John Blomefeild towards the north, and on free land of the said John Blomefeild towards the south. Description, 1749. All that messuage or tenement with the Barn yard and two pieces of land thereto belonging and adjoining, situate in Great Finborough between the lane leading from High Street Green to Battisford Tye north-west and the lane leading from Finborough Green to Battisford Tye south-east, abutting on the land of William Wollaston, Esq., on all other parts containing together by estimation eight acres, lately in the occupation of Edmund Taylor and then in the several occupations of Isaac Taylor and William Purr [later of George Chaplin and John Powles], with the appurtenances. Thomas Lanman had the above property in the time of Henry VIII., and was admitted May 30, 35 Hen. VIII., and by his will, Feb. 26, 31 Eliz., he gave his copyhold messuage, " wheryn I nowe dwell," to his wife, Bytherisse Lanman, for life, with remainder to his son Henry. Henry Lanman, by will, April 6, 1598, devised it to Agnes, his wife, for life, and after her death to his executors to sell. Agnes afterwards married Robert Brooke, and by her will, Jan. 16, 1635, appointed George Gardiner, of Floton, yeoman, executor; and he by deed, Oct. 30, 13 Car. I., sold to Thomas Lanman, who was the eldest son and heir of the above named Henry, and he was admitted April 5, 1638. Thomas, Nov. 6, 1644, sold to Elizabeth French, who was admitted April 14, 1645 ; and on her death George French, her eldest brother and heir, was admitted April 18, 1652 (.? Feb. 20, 1651). George French surrendered to John Digitized by Microsoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 163 Blye, who >vas admitted April 26, i Car. II. (1661), and, Nov. 13, 1665, surrendered to his own use and that of his wife Anne for lives, with remainder to the use of his own heirs; and John Blye was admitted April 8, 1670, and by will, Oct. 19, 1675, devised same to Anne Wright, his grandchild, one of the daughters of William Wright, of Nedging, yeoman, his son-in-law, and she was admitted April 10, 1676. Probably John Edgar took on the surrender of one EUzabeth Porter, spinster, July 21, 1749, but in any case the above premises were surrendered by John Edgar Nov. 11, 1749, to his daughter, Mary Edgar, for life, with remainder to John Edgar. Mary Edgar married one Rust and died. John Edgar also died, leaving John Edgar Rust, of Stowmarket, merchant, his grandson and heir, and he was admitted April 30, 1803. He sold, Sept. 26, 1805, to William Hatten, who was admitted July 23, 1813, and by will devised to his son, Charles Hatten, "all those two copyhold cottages then used as three tenements in Great Finborough in the occupation of Thomas Pegg, George Whiting and Isaac Lock, ,and two pieces of copyhold land adjoining containing together about seven acres which he purchased of Mr. Wm. Cross." This description does not tally very well, but Charles Hatten was admitted to the above by the description in 1749, with the addition, "which said messuage is now divided into two tenements in the occupation of George Whiting and Isaac Lock, and which said Barn is now converted into another tenement and in the occupation of Thomas Pegg, and which said pieces of land are now laid into two freehold pieces of land lately also belonging to the said William Hatten," who was admitted Sept. 8, 1836. Charles Hatten, by will, Nov. 24, 1863, gave and devised "all that his messuage or tenement and farm known as the ' Boarded Barn Farm ' with the cottages, lands, and hereditaments thereto belonging, part freehold and part copyhold, containing 149 acres or thereabouts, with the appurtenances situate in Great Finborough or in some adjacent parish, and then in the occupation of Joseph John Hatten, unto his son Charles William Hatten," who was admitted January 6, 1865. (9) Land near Mill Green. A piece of land parcel of the waste of this Manor, lying upon or near a certain green called Mill Green in Buxhall aforesaid, as the same abutteth upon the lands of the lord of this Manor on the part of the south, upon the lands of John Diaper on the part of the west, upon the King's Highway then leading from Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 164 History of the Parish of Buxhall Rattlesden to Buxhall aforesaid on the part of the north, and upon the waste land of this Manor on the part of the east, and containeth in length from east to west 117 feet, from north to south at the west end thereof ^6 feet, and at the east end thereof 29 feet by the Rule, to hold with its appurtenances unto William Willden his executors, administrators, and assigns from henceforth for and during the full term of 999 years by fealty, suit of court, and the annual rent of 5s. Granted by lord of manor with consent of homage, May 19, 1777, to William Wilden, of Buxhall, carpenter. ENFRANCHISED. (10) Smiths. A tenement and seven acres of land and pasture, customary and heriotable, anciently called Smyths formerly Bradstreets, lying in Buxhall between lands late of Robt. Brown and a tenement called Hawes. Description, 9 Jac. I. One tenement anciently called Smythes and late Bradstrete, with an orchard seven acres, stables, and outbuildings thereto belonging, bond and heriotable, with all their appurtenances lying in Buxhall [i Eliz., formerly of Robert Tylle between land of John Woode and a tenement of William Bradstret] [2 Eliz., between land of John at Wood on the one part and the tenement called Hawes on the other part], one head abutting on land of the Manor of Cockerells on the part of the north, and the other head on the south abutting on the Highway called Brettenham Street. Yearly rent v^ and parcel of a rent of vij^ iiij'' for the premises and other land called Smythes and apportioned with the assent of the lord and tenant. William Bradstret was the owner in the time of Henry VIII., and April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, surrendered to his son Robert, who was admitted same date. Robert surrendered Sept. 30, 2 Eliz., to Edward, who died before Oct. I, 15 Eliz. By his will, Sept. 3, 15 Eliz., he provided that Margaret, his widow, should occupy all his tenements and lands in Buxhall until Thomasyn, his daughter, should attain 21, and if his wife died before Thomasyn attained 21, then that his brother, John Bradstret, should enjoy till that period. Margaret was admitted October, 15 Eliz. Thomasyn seems to have married one Stevynson, and died before Oct. 12, 28 Eliz., as on this date John Bradstret was admitted as her heir. John Bradstret sold to John Baker Oct. 17, 35 Eliz., and he sold the Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 165 premises, together with Hawes, to John Pilbarowe, who was admitted Jan. lo, 3 Jac. I. John Pilbarowe, by his will, Sept. 19, 13 Car. I., left this property to his wife Anne during widowhood, with remainder to his son Richard. They were both admitted Oct. 7, 1639. On the death of his mother, Richard was admitted Oct. 9, 15 Car., and sold to Thomas Stearne Oct. 7, 1648, who was admitted May 16, 1649. Stearne mortgaged the property once or twice, and one mortgage was made June 16, 1671, to Judith Cole, daughter of John Cole, of Gt. Finborough, yeoman, who was admitted Nov. 3, 1671. She married one Edward Lever, and they together surrendered. May 16, 1707, to Catherine Byles, of Buxhall, widow, who was admitted April 6, 1708. She, by her will, May 24, 17 17, devised the property, then in the occupation of John Salter, to her daughter Deborah, wife of James Durrant, and James Durrant and his wife were admitted June 21, 1723, and surrendered same day to use of Deborah for life, with remainder to her son, James Durrant, and his heirs, who were same day duly admitted accordingly. James, by his will, Sept. 16, 1745, devised the property to his wife Mary absolutely, who was admitted July 26, 1746. Mary Durrant, in contemplation of marriage, August i, 1748, surrendered to such uses (in case her marriage with Daniel Shirrell, of Baytham, yeoman, was effected), as she might appoint, and in default to herself, her heirs and assigns. Mary Shirrell, by will, August 22, 1787, devised to Mary, wife of Michael Simpson the elder, of Baytham, her tenement then in the occupation of Mr. Anthony Fuller, for life, with remainder to James, son of Michael Simpson the elder, " as and for his own proper use and at his own disposal." Mary Simpson was admitted for life August 21, 1788, and at the same court James Simpson was admitted to the remainder. His mother having died, James Simpson, Sept. 20, 1800, sold to Charles Oxer, of Buxhall, farmer, who was admitted same day. Charles Oxer, by his will, June 18, 1824, devised to his reputed son, John Bradbrook Oxer, of Shelland, farmer, all his copyhold tenements in Buxhall, then in the occupation of himself and others; and John Bradbrook Oxer was admitted March 21, 1825. He, by will, March 15, 1832, directed Elizabeth Oxer, Charles Oxer, and Jeremiah Oxer to sell all his lands in Buxhall, and by deed, April 9, 1838, they did so to James Bradbrooke, who was admitted April 10, 1838. James Bradbrooke, by will, April 25, 1838, devised to Isaac Clover, of Buxhall, miller, his messuage and lands in Buxhall upon trust to pay the rents to his wife Esther, or let her occupy during life she paying interest on a mortgage, and then upon trust to sell. Isaac Clover was admitted Feb. 15, 1859, the property being then described as "all that messuage lately divided into two tenements and then in the respective occupations of the said Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 66 History of the Parish of Buxhall Esther Bradbrooke and another, together with seven acres of land." "And also all those four messuages, tenements, or cottages afterwards erected by the said James Bradbrooke on part of the said land." James Bradbrooke had in his lifetime conditionally surrendered to Helen Mary Ann Green for securing ^^400, and the benefit of this conditional surrender was by indenture, Nov. i, 1862, assigned by the said H. M. A. Green to James Mill Walker, of Copdock, and Joseph Bowstead, of the Inner Temple, barrister-at-law. Bowstead died, and James Mill Walker was admitted April 28, 1887, and he enfranchised this property Nov. 7, 1887. (l l) WOODFIELD. A piece of land and pasture, customary and heriotable, called Woodfield, containing six acres lying in Buxhall, abutting on Buxhall Wood and two pieces of pasture, customary and heriotable, containing two acres lying in Buxhall between lands some- time of John Digby late of Sir Roger North and land late of William Smyth alias Sellores and land of divers persons on other parts ; one head abutting on land called little Woodfeild and the other on the brooke. And one piece of land, customary and heriotable, containing two acres lying in Buxhall between land late of John Digby and land of divers others, one head abutting on land called [little] Woodfield and the other on the Brook. [1823. Added description "which said pieces of land contain in the whole nine acres heretofore in the occupation of — Cooper, since of Thomas Edgar, late of William Jackson, and since of Edmund Edgar."] Henry Murton received a grant April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. It was of six acres called Woodfield and four acres of land in divers pieces, at rent of i is. 4d., and the fine was then fixed for all time at xiiij^ Richard Sear and Agnes, his wife, surrendered April, 12 Eliz., to Richard Reynold, who, March 27, 19 Eliz., surrendered to Robert Fynche, who was then admitted. Robert surrendered April 14, 26 Eliz., to Henry Gilbert, Esq., of London, goldsmith, who settled at Great Finborough (having received a grant of it from Queen Elizabeth) and married Ehzabeth, daughter of John Howe, of Stowmarket. From Henry it passed to his son, Sir John Gilbert, of Finborough Hall, who was buried in the church there by the side of his father. Sir John married twice, first Dorothy, daughter of Robert Gosnold, of Otley, and second Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Arther Heveningham, of Heveningham, and left three daughters only — Dorothy, who married first Sir William Forth, of Butley Abbey, and secondly Gresham Parkin, Digitized by Microsoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 167 of Aldham, from whom the Parkins of Aldham are descended ; Elizabeth, who married Sir Roger North, son of Sir Henry North, Knt., who took the Finborough property; and Ursula, who married Sir John Foley, of Colombyne Hall. Proclamation, Dec. 13, 1 61 6, that Roger North, son of Sir Henry, had not come to be admitted. Henry North, the eldest son and heir of Sir Roger North, surrendered April 24, 1660, to William Woolaston, of Shenton, Leicestershire, who was then admitted, and on his death his son, William Woolaston, was admitted April 5, 1670. Sept. 26, 1 701, Sir John Chester, Bart., and Anna, his wife, John Wilkins and Rebecca, his wife, surrendered to William Woolaston, of Charterhouse Yard, in the County of Middlesex, clerk, who was admitted Nov. 14, 1701. William WoUaston, by his will, July 8, 17 14, devised to his eldest son, Charlton WoUaston, " all those copyhold estates in the County of Suffolk which I purchased of the Lady Chester and Mrs. Wilkins and their husbands." Charlton WoUaston was admitted Dec. 14, 1724, and on his death his brother, William WoUaston, his next heir, was admitted Oct. 13, 1729. William WoUaston died, and his son, William WoUaston, was admitted May 26, 1758. The son, William WoUaston, June 3, 1795, surrendered to William Hatten the younger, of Beccles, merchant, who was admitted Oct. 3, 1795, and at the same time acknowledged that he was a free tenant of certain other premises. William Hatten, April 3, 1797, sold to Edmund Edgar, of Gt. Finborough, farmer, who was admitted June 10, 1797. He, Dec. 5, 1822, sold to Bayley Webb, who, by will, March 20, 1865, appointed his wife, Mary Webb, her brother, Thomas Carter, and Lankester Webb, executors and trustees, and authorised them to sell his copyholds. Bayley Webb died Dec. i, 1866, and the trustees sold, by deed, April 6, 1867, to William Woods, of Aldeburgh, miller, who was admitted May 30, 1867. William Woods, by will, June 11, 1870, appointed Robert Turner, Alfred Kent, and John Borrett executors, and devised to them all his estates upon trust to sell. By a codicil. May 25, 1874, reciting that Alfred Kent had died, he appointed Anthony Hurren in his place, and died May 26, 1874. The trustees sold for ^1,740, by deed, Oct. 23, 1874, and the above property was surrendered to J. W. Rouse in trust for the Rev. Henry Hill, the purchaser, then lord of the Manor, and Mr. Rouse was admitted Oct. 30, 1874, and this property, with other, was enfranchised by deed Nov. 4, 1874. This is now known as Stone Farm, or at least is part of such farm. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 68 History of the Parish of Buxhall (12) FUNDLINGS OR BaRONS AT THE NORTHERLY END OF BaRONS LaNE. One piece of land called Barrowes [32 Eliz., Barronhis] land alias Barber's Parcel, containing two acres sometime parcel of a tenement called Fanshings [or Fundlyngs, or, 32 Eliz., Faudlings], lying between free land of Robert late Christiane Crosse wid., called Howletts towards the north-east and land of the said Robert towards the south-west, one head abutting on a Croft of the said Robert late Cristiane's towards the south-east [? west], and the other head abutting on a croft late of the said Christiane called Little Fewks [4 Edw. IV., Litil Fowkys] Meadow towards the north and west [.'' east]. And one piece of meadow containing half an acre as it is enclosed with trees lying next Little Fowks Meadow in part towards the north-east, and pasture or meadow of the Manor of LefFey towards the south-west, one head abutting on land of the said Christine late Thurnwoods [4 Edw. VI., Thurmods], towards the south-east and land of the Manor of Leffey towards the north-west, with a way for a cart to go and pass from the said piece called Barbers. And also one piece of meadow lying next the Grindell or Water Course In part towards the north and west and the said land called Howletts towards the south and east, one head abutting on pasture of the said Robert late said Cristiane towards the north and east. Granted by lord out of hand Sept. 30, 4 Edw. VI., to Robert Rydnal. Robert Rydnall surrendered Jan. 14, 32 Eliz., to use of himself and wife Christiane for life, remainder to Robert Rydnall, jun., his son, April 20, 43 Eliz. Christiane Rydnall, widow of Robert Rydnall, on his death, claimed for life, remainder to Robert Rydnall, jun., and it was found by the homage that the said land was not anciently customary land of the Manor demised or demisable by copy Court Roll at the will of the lord, according to the custom of the Manor from time immemorial, and consequently the grant to Robert Rydnall was bad. The grant was, however, confirmed. Robert Rydnall, jun., by will, Nov. 7, 1631, gave his copyholds lying In three pieces — two held of Buxhall and one of the Manor of Cockerells — to John Rydnall, son of Robert Rydnall, of Mendlesham, yeoman. John Rydnall was admitted April 20, 1632, and surrendered June 27, 1643, to Robert Ridnall, who was admitted April 12, 1644, and surrendered Jan. I, 1650, all the above to Thomasyne Copinger, one of the daughters of William Copinger, Esq., deceased, who was admitted April 18, 1652. Thomasyne sold all her copyhold lands to Henry Copinger, the lord of the Manor, but did not surrender, and, in fact, there is no further entry on the Rolls ; Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Copyholders of Buxhall Manor and their Holdings 169 but she executed a bond dated Oct. i, 1662, to make such assurance of the purchased property as Henry Copinger might direct. The land was subsequently sold, for it forms no part at present of the Buxhall Estate. (13) Pye Hatch Farm. A tenement and four pieces of land, meadow and pasture, bond and heriotable, called Pyes Hatches, containing eight acres lying in Buxhall between Wood of the Manor called Pyes Wood and the Highway called Pyes Street, one head abutting on land of the Manor of Stanstead called Wards and Stebbings [Stebins, 1619 ; i Eliz., Stubbings], and the other on a wood of the Manor of Stanstead called Overwood. Rent iiij^ Anna Kynge, of Brettenham, was admitted to this property Sept. 30, i Eliz., 1559, and Oct. 12, 28 Eliz., she surrendered to her son, Richard Kynge, who was admitted same day. Richard surrendered conditionally to Henry Kemball Jan. 14, 38 Eliz., and he was admitted same day. Nov. 4, 43 Eliz., Henry Kembold surrendered conditionally to his son, Richard Kembold, who was admitted Jan. 14, 44 Eliz. He, Oct. 2, 3 Jac. I., surrendered to his brother, Henry Kembould, who was admitted same day. Henry sold to John Robinson June i, 1619, who was admitted this day. John Robinson sold to John Greenwood Nov. 4, 1635, and he was admitted April 30, 1636. On Oct. 6, 23 Car. II., John Greenwood surrendered to the use of himself for life, with remainder to William Greenwood, his son, and Mary, his son's wife, who were admitted Nov. 3, 1671. After the decease of these three the property was to go to the heirs of the body of William and Mary. William was the only issue, and he was admitted August 23, 1717. He sold to John Barnes, who was admitted April 27, 1726, and on his death his only son and heir, John Barnes, was admitted May 30, 1768. He died, and his only son and heir, John Barnes, was admitted June 14, 1792. He, by his will, ^ Oct. 15, 1829, devised to his eldest son and heir, John Barnes, all his messuage or tenement in Buxhall wherein he then dwelt, with the land, containing eight acres, and John Barnes, the son, was admitted July 24, 1835. ^^ the death of John Barnes, his only child and heiress, Martha Ann Barnes, was admitted April 30, 1847. She married Robert Pettite, and died at Buxhall Jan. 19, 1895, having by her will, May 28, 1868, devised to her husband all her real estate, and he was admitted Feb. i, 1900. This piece of land has since been enfranchised. 23 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER VI The three other Manors in Buxhall (a) The Manor of Cockerells Hall BEFORE the Norman Conquest this Manor belonged to Ingelric, the priest who enjoyed not only the favour of Edward the Confessor, but also of William the Conqueror. He was Dean of St. Martin's-le-Grand, a house of secular canons, and a man of some note in his day. Shortly after the Conquest and before the Domesday survey, Count Eustace, who singularly had also Saxon as well as Norman claims, for his first wife whom he married in 1050 was Goda, the only daughter of King Ethelred II., by Emma of Normandy and sister by the father's side of Edward the Confessor, managed to secure all the lands of Ingelric, and the Cockerells Hall Estate went to make up the great fief known, at a later date, as " The Honor of Boulogne." Count Eustace of Boulogne had two sons by Ida, daughter of Duke Geoffrey the Bearded, of Bouillon, whom he married in 1057 — Eustace, Count of Boulogne, and Godfrey de Bouillon, the celebrated Crusader leader and ultimately elected King of Jerusalem. In 1066 Count Eustace (the second of the name) was one of the French nobles who joined the army of the Conqueror and of whose presence at the Battle of Hastings there can be no doubt. He was rewarded by extensive grants of land, but these were all speedily forfeited on his attempt in 1067, during the absence King of William in Normandy, to seize Dover Castle at the instigation of the disaffected men of Kent. The attempt failed and the besiegers were forced to retreat. A panic ensuing many of his followers were slain, and Eustace contrived to escape to his own country. On the King's return in 1068 the Count was outlawed and his honours and lands in this country forfeited. It is not known by what means he regained the favour of the King, but probably his power and influence was so considerable in Normandy that the King found it politic to overlook his offence and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 171 treason. Though many manors were restored to him on his reconciliation with the King they cannot be distinguished from those acquired later or even from those acquired by his son Eustace the third Count, who is the tenant on Domesday Survey, Eustace the second Count probably died in to8o, as his second wife Ida is described as a widow in 1081. The Cockerells Hall Estate passed from Eustace the third Count, who married Mary, daughter of King Malcolm of Scotland, to his only daughter Matilda, Countess of Boulogne, who was married to Stephen, King of England, and died in 11 52.1 Their two sons, Eustace and William, died without issue, and on the death of King Stephen the property passed to his daughter Maud, who was then Abbess of Romsey. The permission of the Pope was obtained, notwithstanding the strenuous opposition of Becket, and she was married to Mathew, a son of the Count of Flanders. Mr. Round, in his " Studies in Peerage and Family History," gives a vivid account of how the English estates of the Counts of Boulogne were, on this marriage, swept by Henry the Second "into the royal net," notwithstanding the efforts of Count Mathew and his descendants. The Cockerells Hall Estate no doubt practically passed into King Henry the Second's hands when Count William of Boulogne fell in the Toulouse campaign in 11 59 fighting in the King's service. The hall seems to have been erected in the time of the lion-hearted Richard, but no part of this is still standing. In those days it was the knightly abode of the Cockerells, who were lords of the manor for many generations and from whom, after passing through the hands of one or two others it passed to the Veseys and ultimately to the Copingers. There is little difficulty in perceiving how charming a residence the hall must have been in early days — for its site is peculiarly well chosen. The country around was thickly wooded and no doubt in feudal times oft echoed to the sound of bugle, mirth and song. The undulating land between Buxhall and the important centres of Bury and Ipswich was the favoured resorts of knights and ladies indulging in the sport of hawking and hunting, and the return from Stowmarket, or Thorney as it was then called, to Cockerells through Finborough and the long willow-covered meadows which fringe the Buxhall Estate, thence down Baron's Lane at the back of Fenn Hall must have been charming. All, however, is now changed. The living actor, be he mighty huntsman or redoubtable warrior, ' On the death of Henry I., his nephew King Stephen was Count of Boulogne in right of his wife, and had the whole of the Boulogne fief. He also had the forfeited fief of Roger " de Poitou " (son' of Earl Roger of Montgomeri) including the Honor of Lancaster— consequently there passed to him as part of Roger de Poitou's estate a further property in Buxhall, in fact, the Manor, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 172 History of the Parish of Buxhall lies peacefully at rest beneath the walls of the edifice in which he once worshipped, the closely wooded groves have disappeared — the hawk and the heron have passed away and the entire face of the country and habits of the people have changed. What was once forest in which the renowned champion of Cressy enjoyed free warren and lonely retreat is now represented by meadow and arable, and Cockerells Hall, though as late as 1724 the residence of the High Sheriff of the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, shortly after that date degenerated to a farmhouse. The present owner has, however, endeavoured to restore the place to somewhat of its former dignity. The panelled rooms have had the paint and paper of generations removed, and have been restored to their former state, while various other improvements have been introduced without in any way interfering with the old work. Thus a court room has been added, 50 feet by 20 feet, mainly with the object of housing a part of the owner's library of some thirty odd thousand volumes, and at one end of the room, placed in a gallery of exquisitely carved oak is a three-manual organ of considerable power and beauty, while at the other end is a fine stained glass window rescued from an ancient chapel in Yorkshire pulled down some years ago. King Henry the Second appears to have granted the manor still as part of the Honor of Boulogne to the Cantelins, and in 10 Rich. I. we find Emma de Cantelin lady of the manor when it passed from her to Adam de Cokerell. He was succeeded by Sir William Cockerell, knt., and he, 9 Edw. I., by Robert Cockerell, his son and heir.' Sir Robert was succeeded by his son William, to whom the following entry from the Rolls of Parliament (vol. i. 479b) probably relates : — Ed. I and II. An're seignur le Rey prie Will' le fiz Sir Rob't Cokerel, qe come il esteit utlague tant come il esteit hors del pays a la sute mo Sire Rob't de Uffort, por son Park de Perham brisie en le Contie de Suff', e le dit mo Sire Robert pus enquerant de la chose, e sachant la verite q' le dit Will' n'en esteit de rien copable, relessa par ses Lettres Patentes, q'nqe en li fust. Par unt le dit Will' prie la g'ce le Rey, qe il li pardoint I'Utlaguerie avatditre, issi q' le dit Will' estoise a dreit en sa Court si nul hum'e voille sure ver li. E de ce voille com'der sa Chartre. ' 1 3 Edw. I. Demise of Sir Robert Coicerel and William his son, of land in Norfolk, which Sir Robert held by law of England on death of his wife, Juliana, Ancient Deed Public Record Office, A. 5487. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 173 Cor' R. Rex ipsum acquietat de hiis que ad ipsum p'tinent, du tamen ostendat L'ras acquietancie Dn'i Robert! de d'ca t'nsgr'. Robert Cockerel was the next lord, and there is amongst the Ancient Deeds in the Record Office (17 Edw. III. C 3184) a grant by Robert Cokerel, of Buxhall, to Adam, his son, and Cicely, Adam's wife, of all lands, &c., which the grantor acquired of Robert Cokerel of Ireland, in Buxhall, and of the homage and services of all his tenements in Rattlesden (Ratlisden) — ^17 Edw. III. Adam Cokerell was the next lord, and he was succeeded in the reign of Richard II. by Robert Cockerell who, 17 Richard II., settled the Manor. The following is a copy of the settlement, which is dated 1394, and preserved amongst the Harleian charters (48 F. ^^). Sciant presentes et futuri quod ego Robertus Cokerell de Buxhale concessi dedi et hac present! carta mea confirmavi Magistro Johanni de Norton Clerico Johanni Spenser persone ecclesie de Drenkeston et Roberto ,de Aisshefeld Manerium meum in Buxhale et omnia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia mea cum omnibus suis pertinenciis in villis de Buxhale Ratlesden absque uUo retinemento habendam et tenendam dictum. Manerium et omnia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia cum omnibus eorum pertinenciis prefatis Johanni Johanni et Roberto de Aisshefeld heredibus et assignatis eorumdem de capitalibus dominis feodi per servicia inde debita et consueta Et ego predictus Robertus Cokerell et heredes mei dictum Manerium Et omnia terras et tenementa redditus et servicia predicta cum quibuscum- que eorum pertinenciis prefatio Johanni Johanni et Roberto de Aisshefeld heredibus et assignatis eorumdem contra omnes gentes Warantizabimus imperpetuum. In cuius rei testimonium, presenti carte sigillum meum apposui. Hiis testibus — Roberto Capel Roberto de Neketon Roberto Aldwick Roberto filio Roberti Capel Johanne de Halle Roberto Hervy et aliis. Datum apud Buxhale die Martis proxima post festum. Exaltacionis sancte Crucis Anno regni Regis Ricardi secundi post conquestum septimodecimo [1394]. Seal perfect. A device — a capital W within circle. [Endorsed in a later {though old) hand'] Carta Roberti Cokerel de Ratelysden. The next lord we have any certainty of is John Cockerell, the son of Robert Cockerell, but whether son or grandson of the Rpbert Cockerell who settled the Manor it is impossible to determine. From the date, the latter is more probable. Not unlikely the Robert who settled the Manor had two sons, John and Robert, and the Manor passed first to Sir John Cockerell, who possibly was the same individual Digitized by Microsoft® 174 History of the Parish of Buxhall who married Katharine, daughter of Thomas de Ickworth,' by Johanna his wife, daughter and co-heiress of Johannes de Geddyng, and then to his son, John Cockerell, who died 6 Hen. VI. (1428). This John Cockerell died 6 Hen. VL (1428), leaving a widow Katharine who died 10 Hen. VI. seised of the Manor of Wangford and the reversion in the Manor of Ickworth. The only issue was a daughter, Katharine, who died also 10 Hen. VI. without issue.2 ^ This Thomas Ickworth was son and heir of Thomas de Ickworth, son of Thomas de Ickworth, living 14 Edw.I., son of Johannes de Ickworth, son of Thomas de Ickworth, /. Hen. III., son of Richard de Ickworth, and Sibilla, daughter of Johannes de Maustin, son of William de Ickworth, /. Hen. II., son of Goslinus, son of Wluardus de Wanford, living iz Hen. I. = On the death of Katharine Cockerell, who was entitled to the Manor of Wainford and to the reversion of the Manor of Ickworth, expectant on the death of Agnes de Ickworth, the title to the Ickworth Manor was the subject of contention. It was claimed by the Abbot of St. Edmund's, in virtue of his barony as an escheat, and the Crown procured an inquisition to be taken finding that George Hethe was the heir of Thomas de Ickworth, which was a mere pretence, the real object of the inquisition being to prove that the lands were holden of the Crown and not of the Abbot. Amongst others claiming, the Drury family founded a claim on a feofiment made by Katharine Cockerell, the grand- mother. The following interesting declaration was made by William Curteys, the Abbot of St. Edmund's, touching his title. " This is the tytle and the cleyme that the Abbot of Bury makyth on to the manor of Wainford, and to the revercyon of the manor of Ikworthe, aftyr the deces of Agneys of Ikworthe, that is to seyn Dame Katharine Cokerell was sesid of the manor of Wainford forseyd and of the revercion of the manor of Ikworthe forsayd in here demene as in fee, and of whiche estate sche deyed sesid ; aft whos deces the ryght of the manor and revercion forsayd discendid vn to Katharine as on to cosyn and heyr, that is to seyn, Katharine, dowghter to John, sone to Dame Katharine forsayd, at that tyme beyng with in age ; and for as meche as it was supposyd that the seyd Katharine shuld a deyed sesid of othir tenements whych weren holdyn of the kyng be knyghtes seruyce, a diem clausit extremum was direct vn to the Eschetor of Suff., at that tyme beyng, be fors of whiche wryt it was fownden be an enquest that the sayd Dame Katharine deyed sesid of the seid manor of Wainford and of the seid revercion, and of othir londys and tenements holden of the Kyng be knyghtys seruyce ; and that the sayd Katharine dowghter of John was cosyn and heyr to the seyd Dame Katharine and with in age wherfore the Kyng sesid and graunted the warde vn to William Phelip and he over on to Robert Wynkfeld, be forse of which the sayd Robert was sesid and toke the propytys of the sayd manor of Wainford alle the lyf of the seyd Katherine dowghter of the seyd John, the whyche Katharine deyed with in age with owtyn heir generall or special. And for as meche as the seid manors be holdyn of the seid Abbot be knight's service, and it was founden be an enquest after the deth of the seid Katharine, dowghter of the seid John, that the seid Katharine deied sesid of the seid manor of Wainford and of the revercion of the manor of Ikworthe, so the seid Abbot cleymyth the manor of Wainford and the reversion of the manor of Ikworthe forsayd as his eschete." By agreement the matter was ultimately referred to arbitration and by an award May 28, TO Hen. VI. it was determined that the Abbot should suffer Sir W. Drury and all others claiming the manors to recover the same by confession in an assize of novel desseisin, and by judgment against the Abbot, Sir William paying the Abbot 100 marks. Agnes de Ickworth, the tenant for life of the Manor of Ickworth, who had married again Nicholas Hethe, died in 1437. Though the Manor of Ickworth was thus recovered by Sir William Drury, his cousin, Henry Drury, became actually seised and his only surviving child Jane married Thomas Hcrvcy, who died before 1470, and was the ancestor of the present Marquis of Bristol and lord of the Manor of Ickworth. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 175 Possibly the Manor of Cockerells Hall then passed to John, the son of Robert, the secQnd son of the Robert who settled it in 1394, for we find from a Court Rolls of the Manor in 1474 preserved amongst the Additional Charters in the British Museum (26,177) that in that year a John Cockerell, son of Robert, held a court. The following is a transcript of this early Court Roll : — Buxhale Cokerell 1474. Inquisicio. miser icordie ijs. preceptum est. preceptum est. preceptum est. Prima Curia cum leta Johannis Cokerell filii Roberti Cokerell ibidem tenta die Jovis in Festo Sancto Augustini Episcopi anno regni Regis Edwardi quarti post conquestum quartodecimo. Ex officio capta super sacramentum Johannis Tylle Walteri Crytoft, Roberti Wode, Ricardi Orvays, Thome Mayken, Juratorum. xiid. vjd. [Qui dicunt quod Dominus de Howard, Ricardus de Darnold ) iijd. iijd. jarmiger, Thomas Spryng & Dominus Willielmus Hardyng Capel- llanus sectam Curie & fecerunt defaltam Ideo in misericordia. Et quod Johannes Reysshebrook vendidit Thome Mayken unum tenementum nativum vocatum Tenwynter in Buxhale sine licencia Curie Ideo perceptum est illud seisire in manum domini & .respondere de exitibus quousque &c. /Et quod Robertas Bolton succidit subboscum nuper crescentem super terram domini vocatam Brookefeld inter terram domini & terram manerii de Lefeyhalle vocatam Bakhouscroft, quod pre- ^ceptum est emendare citra proximam letam Sub pena ijs. Et idem Robertus Bolton accrochiavit de terris hujus manerii ad terras manerii de Lefeyhalle in Bakhouscroft quod preceptum est emendare citra proximum letam Sub pena ijs. /Preceptum est distringere Dominum de Shellondhalle, Dominum de Howard Terras tenentes Cordes, Johannem Hardehed Cleri- cum, Thomam Spryng de Lamenham, Clementem Man, Petrum Redenhale, Willielmum Candeler, Thomam Roungeton, Ed- mundum Ferthyng, Willielmus Hardyng Capellanus, Petrum Nell, Terras tenentes tenementi pachattes, Elizeum Munnyng, Terram tenentem nuper Willielmi Gomays, Willielmum Hendy et Edmundum Rysby et alios tenentes qui non dum fecerunt fidelitatem pro fidelitatibus suis domino faciendis citra proximam ^Curiam. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® i7< History of the Parish of Buxhall Ducenarii. Capitales. Communis finis xijd. preceptum est. Veredictum. /Et quod Edwardus Orvays et Willielmus Hendy etatis xij annorum et amplius moram traxerunt infra precinctum hujus lete per unum annum et amplius. Et jurati sunt in Decenna domini Regis. Nunc de Leta. Johannes Reysshbrook senior Robertus Bolton Johannes Tylle | Walterus Cryketoft J Willielmus Rysby ) Thomas Mayken J Qui dicunt quod dant de comuni fine ex antiqua consuetudine ut patet in capite. Et quod Willielmus Hendy accrochlavit ad terram suam de comuni via apud Braserestrete latitudine ij pedium et longitudine j particate ad nocumentum vicinorum suorum quod preceptum est emendare citra proximam letam Sub pena iijs. iiijd. Et dicunt ulterius quod nihil habent ad presentandum hac vice. Jurati. Davy, in his Suffolk collections, states that the Manor then passed to the Springs of Lavenham, but the exact date has not been ascertained. As a matter of fact the next dealing with the Manor appears to have been by one William Betts, but how he became seised, if he ever did become so, does not appear. He made his will, August 6, 5 Edw. VI. [1551J, wherein he describes himself as of Boxwell, and leaves the Manor to his son John Betts and his heirs, and in default of heirs to his daughter Agnes. The will is at Norwich and it contains this peculiar direction as to the Manor of Cockerells : " My Manor in Boxall called Cokerells to be let for three years to pay debts., I will that John my son shall have it at the same price George Saulter hiered it of Master Symonde, and all my corn and cattell to my son John to pay my debts with the ferm of the Manor, and my wife's dowry. If son John die and no will made, then my daughter Agnes to enjoy the same and if she die then William Betts of Hadnam to be the lease of the Manor and corn and cattell." The will is certainly peculiar, and the probability is that William Betts had but a lease of the Manor. It is true that the devise is to his son John Betts and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 177 his heirs, which would at least imply a freehold interest, but the absence of any record of the Manor having been in the Betts family as an estate in fee and the use of the expression in the will, "be the lease of the Manor," which no doubt is a clerical error for "be the lessee of the Manor," go to support the view of William Betts being but the holder of the Manor for a term of years. Davy says that Sir John Spring, Knt., born at Lavenham, but settled at 'Hitcham, who died August I2, 1547, was lord of Cockerells Hall Manor. He married Dorothy, daughter of Sir William Walgrave, and, dying in 1554, was succeeded by his son and heir, Sir William Spring, of Pakenham. He married first Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas Kitson, and secondly, Susan, daughter of Sir Anthony Jermyn, of Rushbrooke. He died in 1599, but seems to have disposed of the Manor in his -Hfetime for William Vesey of Hintlesham, son of Robert Vesey, of Hadleigh, clothier, specifically mentions it in his will of June 3, 1575, proved Nov. 18, 1577 (Inquis. post mort., 29 Eliz.), devising it with Gunnells (now Hollybush) to his younger son Charles and to the heirs of his body, and in default of such issue to his (testator's) son William and to the heirs of his body with divers remainders over. The two brothers, Charles and William, were the sons of the testator by his second wife, Joane, daughter of Robert Cutler, of Ipswich, and widow of John Walton, of Hadleigh, and the marriage settlement is dated Feb. 14, 6 Edw. VI. William Vesey, the father, held his first court Sept. 7, i EHz., and died July 4, 1577. Charles died without any issue of his body, and William Vesey, Charles's brother, came in under the entail, and amongst the Chancery Proceedings is a Bill of Complaint by William Vesey, filed with the object of perpetuating evidence and establishing the will of his father. In 1601 William Vesey, Charles's brother, was lord, and Sept. i, 43 Eliz., held a court, the roll of which is preserved amongst the MSS. of the British Museum (Add. ch. 26198). This William Vesey held another court June 28, i Jac, the roll of which is also in the British Museum (Add. ch. 26200). He married Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Reynold, of Holton, co. Suffolk (marriage settlement May 16, 18 Eliz.), and died in 1 6 16. His will is dated April 10, 16 16, and it was proved at Norwich July 15, 1 616 (Inq., p. m., 14 Jac.) He was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles Vesey, who held a court Oct. 3, 21 Jac. I. (1623). He married Elizabeth, daughter of Edmond Doyley of Shottisham, co. Norfolk, by Ann, daughter of Sir John Goodwin, and his marriage settlement is dated 24 Sept., 3 Jac. By an indenture dated August 2, i Car. I., this Charles Vesey on the marriage of his son and heir apparent, Thomas Vesey, with Mary Bull, one of the 24 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® lyB History of the Parish of Buxhall daughters of Thomas Bull of Flowton, co. Suffolk, covenanted to suffer a recovery of the Manor and the tenement Gunnels to provide a jointure for Mary Bull, and by indenture 20 Jan., 10 Car. I., after reciting that this recovery had not been suffered and could not be without inconvenience to the estate of Charles Vesey, certain other property known as Gosling in Hintlesham was assured to trustees by way of substitution and in order to secure the jointure. Charles Vesey died in 1657, and was succeeded by his son Thomas, whose will is dated Feb. 20, 1678 (proved Nov. 20, 1679). Thomas Vesey, of Hintlesham, was succeeded at Cockerells Hall by his son, Charles Vesey. Charles Vesey lived at Hintlesham and married Frances, daughter of Sir George Wenyeve, of Brettenham Park, and of Christian, daughter of Sir Dudley (afterwards Lord) North. His will is dated May 26, 1681, and was proved July i, 1685. He left an only son, Dudley Vesey (so called after his great-grandfather, Lord North), who became lord of the manor on the death of his father, but died an infant about 1700, when the property passed to his uncle, William Vesey, of Elmsett, who was the last of the Veseys who could claim the position of lord. In 17 10 he sold the Manor and the demesne lands and a messuage called Waspes or Gunnells to Gregory Copinger, then living at Norton in the county of Suffolk. The deed is dated the 20th of April, 1 7 10, and is in the writer's possession. The widow of Charles Vesey, who evidently was entitled to dower out of the property, and who had married John Tudman, of Hammerwich, Doctor of Physic, sold all her right in con- sideration of an annuity, and her interest was vested in Gregory Copinger by a deed dated March 2, 1709. This John Tudman had been the guardian of the infant Dudley, but whether before he married Dudley's mother or after does not appear. The deed of conveyance to Gregory Copinger is sealed with a seal bearing the leg in armour. Gregory Copinger resided mostly at Bromehill House, in the county of Norfolk. In the chancel of the Church of Weting St. Mary in that county, at the east end on brickwork, is a stone bearing this inscription : — " Gregory Copinger ot Broomehill House, who dy'd the 10"' Feb. 1724 aged 65 years, Elizabeth his wife, bury'd the 19 of July 1702 aged 40 years." The arms on the tomb are Copinger, Bendy of 6 or. and gu. on a fesse az., 3 plates in a border arg., impaling Kirkham on a bend three cinquefoils. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 179 By his will dated Oct. 18, 1724, Gregory devised his "manner or lordship of Cockerells with all the lands tenements and hereditaments and capital messuage and scite of the said mannor of Cockerells with their and every of their appur- tenances, and also his messuages, lands, tenements and hereditaments whatsoever being freehold or charterhold, with their and every of their appurtenances scituate lying and being in Buxhall in the county of Suffolk " unto his son Gregory for life with remainder to Gregory, testator's grandson, in tail male, with remainder to his nephew, Thomas Copinger, in fee. Gregory Copinger, son of the above Gregory, was High Sheriff for Suffolk in 1724. He was also for many years Churchwarden of Buxhall Church, namely, from 1 7 19 to 1740. He seems to have resided at Cockerells Hall, and dying in 1743 was buried at Buxhall on October ist in that year. By his will, which is dated Dec. 22, 1739, and in which he is described as of Buxhall, Gregory, the son, devises to his wife his manor or lordship of Cockerells, and all his freehold hereditaments in Buxhall for life, and after her decease he devises the same to his daughter Sarah in fee. He gives all his copyhold tenements in Buxhall to his said daughter subject to an annuity of ^12 to his wife, payable "at the South Porch of the Parish Church of Buxhall." It is evident from this will that he had in some way become seised in fee of the Manor, for it will be remembered that under his father's will this was settled, and he, the son, took a life estate only. There are but two modes in which he could have become entitled to deal thus absolutely with the property by his will. Either his son Gregory had lived to attain 21, and the estate tail had been barred, or he, the grandson, having died (as was the fact) in his father's lifetime without issue male Thomas Copinger had become entitled in fee and had either conveyed or devised by will the estate in remainder to Gregory. In 1745 Sarah Copinger (the daughter of Gregory Copinger, the son), who had been baptized at Buxhall Oct. 5, 1724, married Thomas Moyle, of Bury St. Edmunds, and by the settlement made on such marriage dated Dec. 8, 1745, the Manor of Cockerells, and all others the properties which Gregory Copinger the elder had purchased from the Veseys and others, were conveyed in strict settlement subject to Sarah Copinger, the widow's life interest. Sarah Moyle died June 17, 1764, aged 39, and her husband, Thomas Moyle, May 4, 1764, aged 44. They left issue, three children, one son, Thomas Copinger Moyle, and two daughters, Mary and Isabella. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® i8o History of the Parish of Buxhall On a stone lying even with the ground west of the steeple in the churchyard of Redenhall in Norfolk is the following inscription : — In memory of Sarah, Wife of Thos. Moyle Esq., And daughter of Gregory Coppinger of Buxhall, Who died y" 17 of June Aged 39 years ; Also of Thos. Moyle, Esq" Who died ye 4th of May, 1765 Aged 44 years. Arms above Moyle — a mule — on an escutcheon Copinger, crest — two demi- dragons, sans wings, indorsed, and their necks interwoven. The son Thomas Copinger Moyle became entitled under the entail created by his mother's marriage settlement expectant on the decease of his grandmother, Sarah Copinger, and the entail was barred in Jan., 1769. In 1772 Sarah Copinger, the widow of Gregory, died, being buried at Buxhall Feb. 14, 1772 ; and Thomas Copinger Moyle on May 26, 1772, sold the manor and the estate to Thomas Garner, of Eldon, in the county of Suffolk. " Thomas Garner died March 13, 1803, having by will dated Jan. 9, 1800, appointed all his property to be sold by his executors, who effected a sale to James Webster, formerly of the Island of New Providence in North America, but then of Powis Place, Great Ormond Street, London, on Nov. 5, 18 12. In 1832 James Webster sold the manor and estate to the Hon. and Rev. Henry Leslie, of Wetherden, in the county of Suffolk, afterward Sir Henry Leslie, Bart., who on April 20 in that year became Lord of the Manor. Sir Henry Leslie dying Dec. 9, 1849, the trustees of his will dated August 20, 1840, sold the manor and estate to Edward Bennett, who on Dec. 17, 1853, accordingly became Lord of the Manor. Mr. Edward Bennett on June 23, 1855, conveyed the same to Messrs. Frederick Harrison and G. Alderson, the trustees of his marriage settlement, who on Feb. i, 1869, sold to Mr. Thos. Jonathan Lock, who sold the manor and estate to the Rev. Henry Hill, of Buxhall, by conveyance dated Nov. 17, 1870, and the same is now vested by conveyance dated Dec. 17, 1897, in the writer. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall i8i It is curious that the last portion retained by a member of the family of the estates in the county of Suffolk, at one time owned by the Copingers, should, after the lapse of a century and a half, be the first portion to return to another branch of the same family. An interesting point in regard to this Manor was put before one of the most eminent conveyancing counsel of his day — the late Thomas Coventry — in 1827. The question was raised as to the right to hold courts. The Court Rolls had styled the courts which had been regularly held " Courts Baron," and there seemed to be no free suitors as homagers of the court, but only copyhold tenants. The case was put on behalf of Mr. Webster, the then lord, and particulars were furnished of courts held in 1803, three courts in 18 13, 1825, and 1826. The Rev. Henry Hill, one of the tenants of the manor, having died, his son and customary heir declined to be admitted, being so advised by his attorney on the ground that the Manor was lost and that his lands had become freehold. The learned counsel, who was quite a specialist on copyhold tenure, advised that it was clear the Manor was in existence, and that Mr. Webster was fully entitled to hold a customary Court of the Manor, and this, notwithstanding that the former courts had not been so styled on the Rolls, but had been stated to be Courts Baron. In his opinion fealty was due from all the freeholders of the Manor which fealty not being within the statute of limitations, he considered the lord might claim at any time. But he added that, unless some badge of tenure be reserved as a quit rent, heriot, relief or the like payable by the freehold tenant, he thought the lord would encounter considerable difficulty in attempting to revive the Court Baron. {b) The Manor of Leffey or Liffey Hall. This Manor was anciently known as Leffye or Lefflye Hall, and in the time of the Domesday Survey was in the possession of William de Warren, a follower of the Conqueror. He was probably the son of Ralph de Warren, a benefactor to the Abbey of La Trinite du Mont about the middle of the eleventh century. The Duke of Normandy gave him the Castle of Mortemer, and he could not have been other than a young man at the time of the Norman invasion. His name appears amongst those who attended the Council at Lillebonne, and he is counted in the category of those present at the battle of Hastings, for his services in which he received three hundred manors, nearly half being in Norfolk. In 1067, on the King's departure for Normandy, he was joined with others in the government of England under Odo Digitized by Microsoft® 1 82 History of the Parish of Buxhall and William Fitz Osbern. In 1074 he became a chief justiciary, and with Robert, son of William Malet, routed Earl Ralph and his followers at Fagadune, pursuing them to Norwich, where the prisoners taken were mutilated by the chopping off the right foot, "an unmistakable proof," as a facetious writer of the last century observes, " that the sufferers had taken a step in the wrong direction." He married Gundred a Gundrada, of whom so much has been written respecting her relationship to William the Conqueror. They were evidently united before 1078, as in that year they founded the Priory of Lewis in Sussex. She died in 1085. In the rebellion headed by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, in the reign of William Rufus, William de Warren stood by the King, and for his constancy — a rare virtue in those days — was rewarded with the Earldom of Surrey. He died in 1089. In the time of Edward I. the Manor was the inheritance of Sir Thomas Weyland, Knight. The Weylands are assigned by Davy as lords, but he has a note to the effect that it is doubtful whether they should be assigned to this Manor or to that of Fenn Hall. No doubt Davy's difficulty arose by finding that Fenn Hall Manor is included in the Inquisition post mortem on Sir Thomas Tudenham 5 Edw. IV. and in that on Margaret Bedingfield 15 Edw. IV., they both being in direct descent from Sir Thomas Weyland through his eldest son. Sir William Weyland. As a matter of fact, however, there are two Manors bearing the name Fenn Hall — one in Buxhall and the other in Sutton — and the Weylands strangely seem to have been connected with and have held both Fenn Hall in Sutton and Leffey Hall, the lands of which almost adjoin those of Fenn Hall in Buxhall. The Fenn Hall Manor in the Inquisitions above referred to was no doubt the Manor in Sutton. Sir Thomas Weyland, the first lord of whom we have any account, was a somewhat remarkable character in his day. The eldest son of Sir John Weyland, Knight, and Mary his wife, and grandson of Sir Nicholas Weyland and Beatrice his wife, all of whom are buried in the Priory Church of Woodbridge,' he was bred to the law and rose to be Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench. In the height of his prosperity in 1288 he found himself in the awkward position of being accused of screening and protecting some of his servants who had committed a murder. Whereupon he was arrested and delivered into the custody of Sir Robert Malet, from whom, however, he contrived to escape, and sought sanctuary in the Church of the Friars Minor at Bury St. Edmunds. Here he was permitted by the monks to wear their habit and to rest secure — not, however, for long, for the place ' The arms of the family arc, argent, on a cross gules five escallops, or. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 183 of his refuge coming to the knowledge of Edward I. within forty days of his escape, orders were given by the King that no kind of victuals should be conveyed into the monastic house in which Sir Thomas had found refuge, and the result was that all the friars, except three or four, were forced to depart. At length Sir Thomas himself was constrained to return to a layman's attire, and coming forth was delivered again to Sir Robert Malet, who brought him to London and shut him up in the Tower. On being brought before the King's Council he was offered either a trial by his Peers, to remain in perpetual imprisonment, or to abjure the realm. He chose the last, and barefooted and bareheaded and with a crucifix in his hand, was conveyed from the Tower to Dover, and from thence transported beyond the sea, where he died about 1290. His body was buried in the tomb of his ancestors in the Priory Church of Woodbridge, but his heart in the Priory Church of Sudbury. He died seized of Leffey Manor and also of the Manors of Brandeston, Charsfield, Westerfield, &c., and his widow Margery became Lady of the Manor of LefFey. He left issue by her three sons — William Weyland, John Weyland, and Richard Weyland. The last, 9 Edw. II., succeeded his mother, and Sir Richard Weyland dying 13 Edw. II., leaving an only child Cecily de Weyland, the Manor passed to her. Cecily married Sir Bartholomew Burghersh, 4th Baron Burghersh, one of the most eminent warriors of the martial times of Edw. III., serving on the staff of the Black Prince in the French wars, and attaining so much renown as to be deemed worthy of one of the original Garters upon the institution of that order. He journeyed into the Holy Land, and was sub- sequently for many years in close attendance upon his royal master, the Black Prince, during which period he participated in the triumph of Poictiers. He survived his wife and died on the 4th of April, 1369, in which year his last will was made in London. By this document he directs that his body be interred in the chapel of Massingham before the image of the Blessed Virgin ; that a dirge be there said, and in the morning a mass ; and that a dole should be daily given to the poor of that place at the discretion of his executors. To Sir Thomas Pavely (whom, with Lord Badlesmere, he had constituted executors) he bequeathed a standing cup, gilt, with an L. upon the cover, as also his whole suit of arms for the jousts, with his coat of mail and sword. He left an only daughter and eventual heiress Elizabeth, who then became lady of this Manor. She was married to Sir Edward le Despencer, K.G., a brother-in-arms of her father, having fought by his side at Poictiers, and for his gallant conduct been summoned to Parliament as Baron de Spencer from Dec. 15, 1357, to Oct. 6, 1372. He died Digitized by Microsoft® 184 History of the Parish of Buxhall in 1375, and Elizabeth Lady Despencer in 1409. Her daughter Anne married Sir Thomas Morley, fourth Baron Morley, summoned to Parliament July 16, 1381, and the Manor seems to have then passed into the Morley family. Their son Thomas married Isabel, daughter of John Lord Molines, and Thomas their son, the fifth Lord Morley, married Isabel de la Pole, daughter of Michael, Earl of Suffolk, who died in 1435. Their son Robert Morley, sixth Baron, married Elizabeth, daughter of William Lord Ros, and their daughter Alianore Morley was married to William Lovel, second son of William Baron Lovel, and their eldest son Henry Lovel, Lord Morley having died without issue, Henry Parker, son of their daughter Alice by Sir William Parker, Knight, standard-bearer to Richard III., became Lord Morley. The Manor in the time of Edward VI. belonged to Sir John Spring, who is called Lord of Liffey in the Buxhall Court Rolls of that reign, but in the next reign it passed to Robert Rychers, who also held free land of the Manor of Buxhall. He died 1589, leaving his son and heir John Richers, who succeeded to the Manor. He probably sold to Sir Robert Houghton, for we find him next mentioned as seised. He was a Serjeant-at-law and one of the King's Justices of the King's Bench, and died 22 Jac, leaving Francis Houghton, his son and heir, not only to this Manor, but also to lands in Brettenham and Hitcham. Francis died in 1629, and was succeeded by Robert Houghton, his son and heir. Robert Houghton, who lived at Shelton in Norfolk, made his will in 1660, directing his executors Robert Houghton and John Tuthill, to sell first his Sussex estates and then his Suffolk estates to pay his debts, which were numerous. He died leaving an infant heir, Charles Houghton, and his father's creditors obtained a decree in Chancery for sale of LefFey Manor and the other estates in Suffolk. A Bill was afterwards intro- duced into Parliament, and against this Sir George Pretyman, Knt., and Elizabeth his wife, widow of Robert Houghton and mother of the infant heir Charles, pre- sented two petitions, setting forth that the Bill would deprive Elizabeth of her dower and ruin her son and heir. On the Bill, 22-23 Car. II., the Committee reported that the parties should desist from any further prosecution.' In 1693 Sir Edward Hungerford was Lord of the Manor, and in the early part of the eighteenth century it passed into the possession of Joshua Grigby, a lawyer and town clerk of Bury St. Edmunds, who in 1723 married Mary, daughter of Richard Tulby, Esq., of Brockdish, co. Norfolk, High Sheriff of that county in 1729, by Frances his wife, niece and co-heiress of Thomas Tenison, ' House of Lords Journals, xii. 443, 460, 464, 468, 470, 472, 481. Cal. of House of Lords MSS., 1670-1. House or Commons Journal, ix. 213. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 185 Archbishop of Canterbury, who died in 17 15. Joshua Grigby, whose will is dated April 26, 1770, died Jan. 6, 1771, at the age of eighty years, his wife Mary having died Aug. 13, 1766, aged 75, and both were buried in the Church of St. Mary's, Bury St. Edmunds. Their only son, Joshua Grigby, succeeded his father as lord of the Manor of Leffey Hall, and was elected, after a severe contest, one of the knights of the shire for the county of Suffolk in 1784. He married a Miss Bond, of Coventry, and had issue three sons and five daughters. He died Dec. 25, 1798, aged 68, and was buried at Drinkstone, where either his father or grandfather had in 1760 erected a mansion house. At this date, 1798, the farm was in the occupation of onfe Benjamin Baker. The property was subsequently acquired by the Fullers, for from 1809 to 1829 it was certainly held by John Fuller as lord. The manor was sold in recent years, and is now held by the Lamberts. The Leffey estate is not more than about 200 acres in extent. Some small pieces were formerly held by the owners of the Buxhall estates of this manor ; for instance : — 1. Five acres of land called Stonyland, and seven acres of land called Spear mom- downs (originally in two pieces), lying together in Buxhall and formerly in the occupation of Thomas Plumb. Of these the rent was los. 6d. 2. A piece of arable land called Quinshins, or Kinshins, in Buxhall, ' abutting upon Wood Drain or the Wood Street Way, otherwise Broad Brook Street, leading from Buxhall Church to Fasbourn Hall north-west and north, containing 17a. ir. 6p. The real quantity seems to have been 25^ acres. The rent of this was lis. lod. This land was in 1743 in the occupation of Thomas Poole. 3. A piece of pasture called Hallfield, containing 8a. or. 35p., abutting upon the Wood Drayne north, and formerly in the occupation of Edmund Griggs. This piece lay opposite to Fasbourn Hall, and was of the rent of 5s. 8d. This last piece was enfranchised as far back as 1742 by lease and release of the 4th and 5 th of February in that year, and the rest subsequently, all now forms part of the general Buxhall estate. The owner of Leffey Hall also held certain lands as free tenant of the Manor of Buxhall, namely, forty acres called the " olde ponde felde," and later known as ■" Brodmedowes," parcel of the Manor of Leffey, at a rent of ij'' j''. The description ' In admittance Jan. 14, 1743, "between lands formerly of Richard Wood called Peasecroft east and Wood Street way west." 25 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 86 History of the Parish of Buxhall of the property as given in the Buxhall Court Rolls shows that it was situate near Noah's Ark Farm, and it is easily identified by reason of it adjoining certain property still held as copyhold of the Buxhall Manor. This is the description : — - " Forty acres of land called Olde Pondefield, now (2 Mary) called Broode meadow, parcel of the Manor of Leffey extending along land called the 20-acres, and abutting on Cochsalls Meadow, held at the yearly rent of ij^ j'' ; and one croft of land containing 6 acres called Gunneldecroft [Genoldcroft 32 Eliz.] [parcel of the Manor of Coksalles lying in a certain field called Lyverfield] [Leversfeld] in Buxhall at the yearly rent of iij'' vj'' by knight's service, namely, three parts of one knight's fee, fealty, and scutage, with other services as appears by Court Rolls 25 Hen. VIII. and 2 Eliz." It was found July 22, 2 Mary, that Robert Ryches, Esq., lord of the Manor of LefFey, was in arrear of rent for some years, and Jan. 24, 32 Eliz., that Robert Rychers had died, and that John Richers, gent., was his son and next heir and of full age, and a relief of 33s. ^d. had accrued to the lord of the Manor of Buxhall, and a precept was accordingly issued to the bailiff. On the 24th of March 22 Jac. I., it was found that Sir Robert Houghton, Knight, one of the King's Justices, had died seised, but we learn nothing more of this property nor of its subsequent devolution. (<:) The Manor of Fenn Hall, otherwise Fenn Haugh. In the time of William the Conqueror this Manor belonged to Frodo, brother of Baldwin, Abbot of Bury. It was afterwards holden of the Barony of St. Edmunds. In 9 Edw. I., the Manor belonged to Sir John Tendring, from whom it passed to William Tendring, who had the grant of a market at Stoke by Nayland, 31 Edw. I., and at the end of the fourteenth century it was owned by Sir William Tendring, who married Katherine, daughter and heiress of William Mylde, of Clare, and widow of Sir Thomas Clopton, of Kentwell in Long Melford, and on his death was buried in the Tendring Chapel in .Stoke Nayland Church.' From Sir William Tendring it passed in 142 1 to his only child, Alice Tendring,- who married Sir John Howard, Knt., direct ancestor of the Duke of Norfolk. She made her will as Alice Howard, Oct. 13, 1426 [proved Oct. 25 following], devising her Manor ' Harl MS., 1530. = Tendring Hall from the Howard family passed to Lord Windsor and from the Reformation it was the seat of the Williams. Sir John Williams, Knt., and Lord Mayor of London in 1736, erected a fine scat here, which by purchase became the property of Admiral Sir William Rowley. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® «^ Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 187 of Buxhall (should be in Buxhall) and Brettenham to her son, Robert Howard. Sir Robert married Margaret, eldest daughter of Thomas de Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and co-heiress of Richard Fitz Alan, Earl of Arundel, and cousin and co-heiress of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk. It was by this marriage that the inheritance of those great families became eventually in part vested in the Howards. Sir Robert Howard was succeeded by Sir John Howard, created in 1470 Lord Howard, and in 1483 Duke of Norfolk. He fell at Bosworth field under the banner of Richard III., and the usual forfeitures followed. We are not able to determine the date when the property passed out of the Howard family, but we know that the Manor became vested prior to 1544 in Sir John Spring, for by his will dated June 8, 1544, he devised "the Manor of ffenhall with the appurtenances and all his lands and tenements rents and services called Amptons otherwise called Hardhedder, Russhebroke and Langmers with their appurtenances in Buxsalle And also all those his lands and tenements rents and services called Nortons Kynchens, Blokks, Wolwarde, Bowleys, Byrds and Orbeys in Hecham and Buxall," to his executors for eleven years after his decease with remainder to his son William in tail male. Sir John Spring died August 16, 1547, and William Spring, to whom the estate tail was limited, managed to bar this, for Sept. 16, 15 Eliz., he sold the Manor to James Ryvett,' of Bricett, a lawyer, who married Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Soame, of Wantisden (who died Aug. 23, 1617), and dying Jan. 30, 1587, left an only son, Thomas Rivett, of Rattlesden, who was buried at St. George's, in Southwark. He married Catherine, daughter of William Cotton, of Penfield Hall, in Essex, and died lord of the Manor in 16 10. His eldest son James having died in his father's lifetime, Thomas Rivett was succeeded by his, James's, son and heir, another Thomas Rivett, aged 17, at the time of his father's death. This last Thomas, who is described as of Rattlesden, married Joan, daughter and co-heiress of John Savill, of Netherton, in Yorkshire, and died in 1625 leaving no issue, when the Manor passed to his brother, Edward Rivett who died in 1660. In 1798 Sir William Rowley was Lord of the Manor of Fenn Hall, but how it was acquired by him is not known. An advertisement of sale appeared in The I This James Rivett acquired a large inheritance, having property in Buxhall, Rattlesden, Onehouse, Shelland, Stowmarket, Finborough, Raydon Hall, W. Cretings, the other Cretings, Stonham, and other places. By his will, in 1586, he left to the poor of Stowmarket, a field called " Aldams," in Thorney hamlet, together with certain copyhold lands in Thorney, Campsey, Ashmanse. Over this land there was a lawsuit. On the death of James, the Manor of Fenn Hall was found to be holden of the Barony of St. Edmunds. Digitized by Microsoft® 1 88 History of the Parish of Buxhall General Evening Post (London) of Tuesday, June 12, 1781, headed "To be sold, the several Manors of Wood Hall and Fennhall in Buxhall. The fines and quit- rents whereof com. ann. amount together to £t,6 and upwards per ann." Wood Hall is described, but not Fenn Hall. Of course it is possible that Sir William Rowley- was a purchaser at this sale. Wood Hall consisted of 288 acres, 57 of which were in Buxhall. William Ennals was at that time the tenant. Sir William had by his wife, who died Jan. 21, 1850, amongst other children, a son afterwards Sir Joshua Ricketts Rowley, Vice-Admiral, R.N., who married August 10, 1824, Charlotte, only daughter of John Moseley, Esqr., of Great Glemham House, co. Suffolk, and had by her no issue. He was High Sheriff of Suffolk in 1841, and died March 18, 1857, and his wife December 11, 1862. His brother. Sir Charles Robert Rowley, of Tendring Hall, co. Suffolk, succeeded as fourth baronet in 1857, and by his marriage with the Hon. Maria Louisa Vannech, only daughter of Joshua, second Lord Huntingfield, had, among other issue, Sir Joshua Thelluson Rowley, the present baronet. Sir Charles died in 1888, and was succeeded by Sir Joshua Thelluson, who was born Feb. 8, 1838, and in 1887 married Louisa, daughter of the second Lord Lurgan. Sir Joshua is the present lord of this small manor, and the farmhouse, known as Fenn Hall, belongs to the Spinks family. Forty odd acres lying close up to the Hall were held under peculiar services by the lord of the Manor of Fennhall as free tenant of the Manor of Buxhall. The property was as follows : — " Two pieces of land one called Stapelers and the other Amvers held at yearly rent of vj'', and one piece of land lying at the Fen formerly of Charioh Nevell [5 Edw. VI. formerly Salteres which Sir John Spryng 19 Hen. VIII. acknowledged to hold] and 37 acres of land and pasture called Denys Fylde [5 Edw. VI. formerly of Lord de Morley ; Denesfilde i Eliz.J and 3 acres of [i Eliz. and 7 acres of] wood called Fawkneres [5 Edw. VI. Fakners Wode ; i Eliz. then in seisin or occupa- tion of William Syer late in the seisin of Geoffrey Kynchon] at rent of xviij'' and Ward at the Castle amongst other services as by the Court Rolls of the 5 Edw. VI. appears ; and one piece of land [5 Edw. VI. lying between land formerly of John Lemmey, late of Andreas Salter, on one side, and the meadow in the tenure of Benet on the other part, abutting on land formerly of the said John Lemmey, late of the said Andrew towards the west] containing 2 acres and 3 rods lying in Busshe close at rent iiij'', and one rod lying at Paynes Bridge held at rent of v^." Of the above it was found April 8, 5 Edw. VI., that Sir John Spryng died seised, and Sept. 30, i Eliz., that William Springe, Esq., held : At a court for the Digitized by Microsoft® The three other Manors in Buxhall 189 Manor of Buxhall it was found Oct. lo, 15 Eliz., that on Sept. 16 then last William Springe had sold to James Ryvett not only the above, but also " one tenement 3 acres of land and 7 acres of wood in socage held of the Manor of Buxhall at the yearly rent of xj with Castell garde." Sept. 12, 17 Eliz., it was found that William Spryng had sold two croft pasture and wood called Kynchnors containing ij acres at rent of ij'' ij'' ; and Sept. 23, 16 Eliz., it was found that "there was owing 16'' to the lord for 10 acres of land and wood called ' Kynkyne ' late of William Sprynge, Esq., but where the land and wood were the homage were ignorant." Jan. 24, 32 Eliz., it was found that James Ryvett had died, Aug. 31, 23 EJiz., and on his death being presented the BaiHfF was commanded to distrain for the relief At a court Sept. 30, 6 Jac. I., it was found that Thomas Ryvett who held the above premises " by the service aforesaid holding, as in English ' by Castle garde ' had died and that Thomas Ryvett gentleman then aged 17 years and lately married then was and so at the time of his father's death was eldest son and next heir of his said deceased father to the premises aforesaid and It was commanded to the bailiff of this Manor that he prewarn the aforesaid heir at the next Court Baron for this Manor to be held to appear because the aforesaid lord claimed to his own use to have not only the custody of the lands, but the body of the said Thomas until his age of twenty and one years by reason of his tenure aforesaid, unless the said Thomas the son was married in the lifetime of his father," &c. It was found Oct. 11, 14 Jac. L, that Henry Syer,, who held the thirty-seven acres above and three acres wood called Faukeners Wood at xviii'*, had died, and that Henry Sier was his son and heir. April 22, 2 Car. I., it was found that Thomas Ryvett had died, and that Edward Rivett was his brother and heir. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER VII Houses of Interest in the Parish (a) Fasbourn Hall or Copinger Hall, {g) Coles Farm. {») Fryers. (i) Buxhall Vale or Buxhall House. (/5) Gunnells, or the Hollybush. (o) Farthings and Cleves. (f) The Lodge. (/) Park Farm. (/) Mill Cottages. (d) Rivetts, or The Cottage. (i) The Butterfly. (?) Browns. (e) The Maypole and Purple Hills. (/) Kennetts. (r) Rudlands. (/)The Valley. (m) Barkers. (a) Fasbourn Hall or Copinger Hall. THE Copingers were probably at Fasbourn Hall, or Copinger Hall as it is sometimes called, even before they were seised of the Manor of Buxhall. The name Fasbourn or Farsborn is no doubt from an early resident — Geoffrey Fausebroun, who was rector of Buxhall in 1332, and lived here from that time to 1361. This edifice, or rather a portion of it, is still standing, and occupied as a farmhouse. An inspection demonstrates that at one time the place was a residence of some importance, and completely surrounded by a moat, part of which is still filled with water. The house is approached by an ancient brick bridge which spans the moat. Many of the rooms are panelled with oak. Within the grounds, enclosed by the moat, is a mound of a similar description to that some years since explored by the Berkshire Archaeological Society, and in which were discovered various Viking treasures, many of which will be found illustrated in The Graphic of December 15, 1883. Fasbourn Hall is mentioned in the Court Rolls of the Manor of Buxhall in the times of Queens Mary and Elizabeth as " the tenement Fasborne," and in both cases is stated to be in the hands of the lord. This mansion-house is specifically mentioned in the will of John Copinger in 1 44 1, and in 151 2 formed part of the estate of Sir William Copinger, Lord Mayor of London, being by his will devised in the following terms : — " I woll that my brother Walter Copynger and Beatrice his wife haue all my lands and tene'ts, rents and s'uices, called ffawsebornys, w' all their appurces sett, lying and beyng in Boksall, Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 191 Hecham, and Bretiiam, in the countie of SufF. To haue and to hold all the foresaid lands, tene'ts, rents and s'uices, w' the appurces to the foresaid Walter Copynger and Beatrice his wife during their naturall liffe, and the lyves of euery of theym longest lyving. And after the decesse of the saide Walter and Beatrice I woll that all the said lands and ten'ts and other the premes, w' the appurtenances, holly reniayn vnto the said John Copynger, son and heyre of the said Walter, and to his heyres male of his body lawfully begotten. And for defaulte of such yssue the remayndre therof to the heyres generall of the said Wall Copynger my broder, to haue and to holde vnto theym and to theire heyres and assignes in fee for uermore." The Hall was evidently enjoyed with the rest of the Buxhall property by the Copingers, and was their place of residence. In the will of John Copinger, dated July 19, 1441, after giving to his brother Walter all his lands and tenements, rents and services in Buxhall, subject to certain payments, is the following provision, " And that the said Alicia " (she was testator's wife, and an annuity had previously been given to her) " have the chamber called the Chapel Chamber situate in the tenement called Fausebrounys with a certain chamber thereto annexed for her proper use, with free egress and regress to the same as often as she pleases for the whole life of the said Alicia, together with the utensils in the kitchen of the said tenement and likewise egress and regress to the hearth and to the pool there for drawing and having water with power to use the same and fish therein and with liberty of going into the garden there for taking fruit and herbs according as she pleases." Certainly Henry Copinger, Lord of the Manor, who died in 1675, lived here, for the fact is clearly to be deduced from the terms of his will. And that it continued to be held along with the other Buxhall property as late as 1692 is evidenced by depositions taken under Commissions 8 Will. III., June 13, 1698, at Stowmarket ; June 17, 1696, at Bury St. Edmund's, and preserved in the Exchequer. The plaintiffs were Sir Edward Ward, Knt., Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer, Samuel Ranstorne, merchant, John Walker, and the defendants George Gooday, Sarah Copinger, widow and relict of Henry Copinger, and Sarah Copinger (an infant under the age of twenty-one years, and daughter and heir of the said Henry Copinger), by Henry Ball, her guardian. The subject matter was : — " Towns, fields, and parishes of Buxhall, Rattlesden, Great Finborrow, Little Finborrow, Hitcham and Brettenham, in the County of Suffolk : and a capital messuage called ' Faseborne Hall,' and a tenement called ' Cogmans,' situate in Buxhall, ' or any other of the said parishes,' &c. Also touching a messuage, &c., called ' Cogsett Gardens,' &c., &c.. Metes and bounds. Mortgages," &c., &c. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 192 History of the Parish of Buxhall Another deposition by commission is also preserved in the same suit November 7th, at Bury St. Edmunds; and November 10, 1696, at Stowmarket. The subject matter as appearing in the forty-first report of the Deputy Keeper of the PubHc Records is " Capital messuage called Fareborne Hall, alias Fareborne's Hall in Buxhall (Suffolk) and the lands belonging, and a farm in Buxhall aforesaid called ' Cogsett Garden,' &c., formerly belonging to Thomas Everson and Edward Everson, and since to Henry Copinger and William Wade and John Pettit," &c. It seems that in 168 1 Henry Copinger, being entitled subject to his mother Mary's life interest, sold to her his interest in remainder in Fasbourn Hall with other property in Buxhall absolutely. The deed bears date June 7, 1681. In 1686, upon his marrying, the Fasbourn Hall property was settled. It appears, however, that previous to this settlement the property had been mortgaged to Sir Edward Ward, but the particulars are not known. The mortgage must presumably have been made by Mary Copinger, Henry's mother as well as by himself, unless indeed it was a mortgage of the reversion only made prior to 1681, which, however, is not very probable. It is quite possible that the charge existing in Sir Edward Ward's favour might have been a transfer of some prior mortgage created by Mary and Henry Copinger's predecessor in title. The mortgagee. Sir Edward Ward, who was Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, entered into possession and received the rents from 1692 to Michaelmas, 1694, as appears from the following account rendered by his agent, Mr. Cocksedge : — Mr. Cockseuge's Account to Sir Edward Ward. The Accompt of Tho. Cocksedge for the Rents and Proffites of the Estate late Henry Copingers Esq*^ mortgaged to S' Edward Ward, for two yeares and a halfe (to witt from our Lady day 1692 to Michmas 1694) made out the 20 day of ffebry 1694/5. The Charge £ s. d. Reed for the Proffites of ffasborne hall Lands the time the same were unlett (that is to say) from our Lady 1692 to Xmas 1692 eighteen pd four shilling i peny ^ peny ... 18 04 01^ Reed of Will'" Lambert for ffasborne hall land from Xmas 1692 to Michmas 1693 one & Twenty pd ffifteen shill... 21 15 00 Reed of Jo. Pettit for a yeare & halfe rent from Lady 1692 to Michmas 1693/ nintey pd ... ... ... ... 90 00 00 Digitized by Microsoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 193 Due from M" Goodday for the hall Close for a yeare and halfe at ^5 los. the yeare to Michmas 1693 ... ... ... 08 05 00 The rent roll of the same Estat from Michmas 1693 to Michmas 1694 Will™ Lambert for ffasborne hail and land for a yeare to Michmas, 1694 ... ... ... ^^25 o o John Pettit at the same time for a yeares rent... 60 o o Due fro : m" Goodday for a yeares rent at y^ same time ... ... ... ... ... 05 10 o — 90 10 00 the yeares rent is : ^^90 los. the totall of the charge is 228 14 oij The Discharge ^ s. d. Paid for two yeares & a halfe tax for ffasbornes hall and land to Michmas 1694 ... ... ... ... ... ... 012 07 08 Paid for repaires for the same time ... ... ... ... 001 09 loj Paid Jo : Pettit by rebate for two yeares and a halfes tax to Michmas 1694 thirty pd eight shill and elevenpence ... 030 08 11 Paid for repaires at y^ same time ... ... ... ... 004 Paid Robt Davey for his Jorny to Ipswich for a witness ... 000 07 No. 14, 1693 Paid S'' Edward in money by bill at London ... ... ... ... ... ^41 10 o Ap. 4, 1694. Paid him more in money by bill at London ... ... ... ... ... 37 00 o Feb. 9, '94. Paid him more in money by bill at London ... ... ... ... ... 43 09 i For returne of the two last sumes ... ... 00 04 o 122 03 01 Jun. 15, '95. Paid him more by bill at London ... .. 034 12 07 For my two yeares and a halfe salary to Michmas, 1694... 007 10 o M' Goodday for y'^ hall Close two yeares & a halfe at Michms '94 ... ... ... ... ... ... 013 15 o Sume ... 228 14 o\\ Tho. Cocksedge. ' 26 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 194 History of the Parish of Buxhall The Fasbourn Hall Estate did not therefore pass into the Hill family, and was not included in the settlement made by the two Sarah Copingers on the marriage of the latter with Dr. Thomas Hill in 1709. The Estate, which consists of 189 acres, including what was formerly known as " Cogsetts Garden" and "Petits"i was held in 1809 by one Holleck when a Robert Ward (presumably not a descendant of the Lord Chief Baron, its former owner) was the tenant, and afterwards passed to the Hillhouse family of Fins- bury Square, London, and was about five and twenty years ago sold to Mr. Cockrill, who mortgaged the same to Mr. Goodridge, who it is believed still hold. The land is farmed by Mr. William Mitson, one of the Churchwardens of Buxhall, who resides in the old mansion house. One of the fields on this property is known as the Bloody Meadow, so called on account of a noted duel fought there between two harvest men with scythes. The result of the conflict was somewhat serious to both, for each cut the other's head ofF — at least, so tradition sayeth. (J?) Buxhall Vale or Buxhall House. This property belonged in the beginning of the eighteenth century to the family of Goddard. John Goddard died possessed of it in 1737, and was succeeded by his son and heir John Goddard, who by his will of the 30th of September, 1761, devised the same to his son John Goddard for life with remainder in tail. Two pieces of land, one known as Paynes Croft and the other as Benets Meadow, containing four acres and one acre part of the estate, were held of the Manor of Buxhall, and to these pieces of land John Goddard, the grandson, was admitted tenant on the 9th of September, 1762. In 1779 John Goddard, the grandson, and his son, also named John Goddard, suffered a Recovery, and sold the property to Mary Maltyward, of Buxhall, spinster, in fee, who was admitted tenant to the copyhold portion March 26, 1779. Mary Maltyward by her will, dated the 14th ' Petit became tenant at Michaelmas, 1681, under a lease made by Mary Copinger, widow. He held for nine years the term of the lease, at a rent of ^jo, and agreed at the end of this term to continue at £,60. He was still in possession in 1696. Thomas Everson was tenant, and died in the farm about 1658, and his widow continued as tenant for some time after his death, when the farm passed to her son, Edward Everson, for three or four years. The farm was subsequently in the occupation of Henry Copinger, sen., and then of Thomas King and John Durrant. When Petit entered into occupation in 1 68 1 the lands held with Cogsctt were a close called Barnfield, eight acres, two closes called Cogsetts, a close called Camping field about ten acres, two closes called Great and Little Cozens, a close called Nine Acres, and a close adjoining called Six Acres. Another close called Twenty Acres, which had not been included in the holding ot the Eversons, was added to the farm when taken by Petit. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 195 of February, 1797, devised "unto her great niece, Elizabeth Sparke Edgar, the only daughter of her late deceased nephew Thomas Edgar, gentleman, deceased, all that her message or tenement farm lands, hereditaments, and premises situate lying and bemg m Buxhall aforesaid and then in the tenure or occupation of herself and • of Joseph Edwards, and theretofore purchased by her or her late brother, Robert Maltyward, gentleman, deceased, of the family of Goddard." She died March 11, 1806, aged 81. Elizabeth Sparke Edgar was married to one John Garnham, R.N., and by her will of the 13th of April, 1832, directed that the property which was formerly stated to have been Goddard's and then to be in the occupation of John Green the younger, should be offered for sale to the Rev. Maltyward Simpson by valuation, and that if he failed for twelve months to elect to take her property it should go to the trustee John Garnham in fee. Mr. Maltyward Simpson seems not to have elected to purchase and to the copyhold part of the estate John Garnham was admitted on the i6th of October, 1835. John Garnham by his will dated June 10, 1870, devised all and every his Mansion House, messuages, cottages, farms, lands, and other hereditaments situated in Buxhall aforesaid and Onehouse, Shelland, Harleston, Great Finborough, Rattlesden and Mendlesham in the said county, or any adjoining parishes or places all which were thereafter designated his settled estates, subject to and charged with the payment of an annuity of £iS'^ ^° ^'^ ^^^^ Caroling Phoebe during her life, to the use of Basil Brooke Garnham, the son of his late deceased nephew, Richard Enoch Garnham, during his life, he keeping the buildings in tenantable repair and insured for the benefit of the estate in competent sums against damage by fire and committing no waste. By a codicil, dated June 24, 1870, to this will John Garnham devised the settled estate from and after the decease of Basil Brooke Garnham to the use of Gerald Richard Garnham during his life. To the copyhold portion held of the Manor of Buxhall Basil Brook Garnham was admitted January 12, 1874, and on his death Gerald Richard Garnham was admitted on the i8th of December, 1891. Buxhall Vale has not been in the occupation of its owner for many years. It was occupied for some years by Captain Ord, and is now the residence 6f Mr. Eugene Wells, the well-known sportsman and popular Master of the Suff^olk foxhounds. Near the Vale formerly stood a messuage called Howletts, which name sur- vives only in that of a field. To this messuage however 17 acres was attached. In the early part of the seventeenth century, it belonged to Robert Rydnall of Men- dlesham, and was sold by him and his son Robert Rydnall to Thomasyne Copinger by deed dated January i, 1650. It was then occupied by William Wade. On Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 196 History of the Parish of Buxhall October i, 1662, this property was conveyed by Thomasyne Copinger to Henry Copinger, being tlien in the occupation of John Wade. In 1690 It was in the occupation of one Winter. Three pieces of land adjoining were also held by Robert Rydnall as copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall. One went by the name of Barones land, otherwise Barbers, 2 acres, " sometime parcel of a tenement called Fundlings ; " a second was a piece of meadow containing half a rod enclosed with trees lying next little Fowles meadow, in part towards the north and east, and the land of the Manor of LefFey, in part towards the south and west, with a way for a cart to go and pass from the said piece called Barbers field ; while the third was a piece of meadow lying next the Grindels or watercourse, in part towards the north and west, and to the land called Howletts in part towards the south and east. Robert Rydnall was admitted tenant to these April 12, 20 Car. I., and surrendered on sale to Thomasyne Copinger, April 16, 1651. (c) The Lodge. The present house is not of very early date, but it occupies the site on which an edifice stood for many centuries. The site itself was originally held free of the Manor. The house passed under the name of Benalls, and it was occupied with two crofts of land, two pightles with yard and separate pasture. In the time of Henry VIII. they were held by one John Warde of Woolpit, after whom probably the farm now known as the Butterfly was originally called. He by deed, Sept. 18, 27 Hen. VIII., enfeoffed Thomas Talmache, Robert Jewer, and others, to the use of Thomas Talmache and his heirs, and Talmache by deed, Feb. 21, 32 Hen. VIII., enfeoffed John Salter, sen., to the use of John Salter, jun., and his heirs. By deed, Sept. 24, 37 Hen. VIII., John Salter, jun. and sen., enfeoffed Joan Salter, sister of John Salter, jun. ; and by deed, Feb. 3, 31 Hen. VIII., a certain William Brett released the Salters. Joan Salter married John Alborowe, who was found April 15, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary, to hold at the rent of iij^ vj'', payable to the Manor of Buxhall. He also owned two adjoining pieces of land, for Sept. 30, 3 Eliz., he acknowledged that he held " one piece of land arable called Crosseuers pightle, containing one acre and a half of land in Buxhall on the east of a tenement called Benallys, at the rent of 2s. 6d. and one piece of pasture containing half an acre which was then (3 Eliz.) enclosed lying in Buxhall near the field called Dimstallus held free at the rent of ij'' and lying on the west side from Benallys Tenement." On John Alborowe's death his son John Alborowe did fealty Oct. i, 15 Eliz. Five years later, April 3, 20 Eliz., it was Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 197 found that John Alborowe had sold to Edmund Cooke, and the description then was " one tenement called Benalls with certain parcels of land and pasture to the same tenement belonging containing by estimation 15 acres lying in Buxhall at the yearly rent of 3s. 6d." Cooke did not long retain the premises, for on April 14, 26 Eliz., it was found that he had sold to Robert Sellowes, who again sold to James Rought who did fealty, Oct. 12, 28 Eliz. The premises were then said to lie in Buxhall and Finborough, and to contain 7 acres only, but the rent iij' vj*^ is the same so possibly the 7 was a mistake for 15 acres. By 16 10 the property had passed into the hands of the Lockwoods, for we find Thomas Lockwood doing fealty for it. May 17, 9 Jac. I. The entry does not give the quantity, but is merely this, " one free tenement called Bennalles lying in Buxhall and Great Finborough and for diverse free premises to the same tenement belonging and adjacent and being at Gardiners Street in Buxhall." On the " Lodge Farm and situate on the Finborough highroad stood another house in the time of Henry VIII. called Taylors, probably occupying the site of two cottages now known as the Alms- houses, and it was enjoyed with ten acres of land and also two fields called Pyes and Hygmans, containing seven acres, which were held free of the Manor of Buxhall, at the rent ofij^ix''. For this little property July 22, 2 Mary, William Goodridge did fealty ; and April 14, 5 Eliz., James Carter. It appears from the Court Rolls Oct. 7, 14 Eliz., that the property was held by knight's service, and on James Carter's death, leaving his son and heir, John Carter, aged twelve years only, a precept was issued Sept. 23, 16 Eliz., to seize. The description of the property as given March 27, 19 Eliz., is "one tenement called Taylor's, and seven acres of land called Pyes and Hygmans with the appurtenances lying in Buxhall, namely on the green called ' Fynbarrowe grene' towards the east to the said green in part and land bond of the Manor called Woodfeilde in part towards the south to lands bond of Thomas Dockett towards the west and to lands called Benalls towards the north at the yearly rent of 2s. 9d." A relief was then paid by John Carter. He sold to Nicholas Rosyer, who did fealty Oct. 13, 28 Eliz. It subsequently passed to Mirabel Jower, and from her to her daughter Margaret, who married Robert Salter, who did fealty April 14, 1645. All the above property became vested in Thomas Penning, of Great Finborough, tailor, about the beginning of the eighteenth century, and he left the same to his nephew, Thomas Penning, after whose death it was sold by the executors of his will and codicil, Thomas Pearle of Bildeston, Woolcomber, and Peter Clarke, of Ipswich, gent., to John Edgar, of Great Finborough, carpenter, by deed, Feb. 2, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® igS History of the Parish of Buxhall 1760. The property was then described as consisting of Bannals, Tufts, Great Rands, Pyes and Tallows, and two cottages containing on the whole 26 acres. Bannals, Tufts, and Rands had been in the occupation of Thomas Penning, then of William Lemmon, then of John Cuffley and subsequently of George Wallinger, who after Penning's death occupied Tallows also. At the time of the sale in 1760 the property was in the occupation of John Edgar and John Gooding. In 1740 another portion of this property, now known as the Lodge Farm, belonged to one William Bally, of Great Finborough, yeoman, and on it stood a house called " Corstards." By deed of Dec. 29, 1742, William Bally conveyed " the messuage called Corstards in Great Finborough arid Buxhall between the green or highway there called or known Finborough (^sic) towards the south and the land then or late of William Tallows on part of the north, and the land then or late of Daniel Riches and then of — — in part towards the weaste (sic) and the lands then late of Sir Roger North, then of William Woolnerston (sic), Esq., in part towards the east and containing together 14 acres" to the above named John Edgar who was then farming the land. Both the above properties were devised by the will of John Edgar, August 15, 1762, to his brother Thomas Edgar and Richard Rout in trust for his wife, for life, then for his daughter Mary for life with remainder to her children. In 18 12 the widow and the daughter (who had married Thomas Rust, of Stowmarket) were both dead, the latter having left an only child, John Edgar Rust, to whom by deed of the loth of June, 18 12, the legal estate in the property was conveyed by the co-heiresses of the last surviving trustee of the will of John Edgar. By deed of the 12th of Oct., 1836, John Edgar Rust conveyed the above properties to the Rev. Copinger Hill, together with certain copyholds held of the Manor of Buxhall to which Mary Edgar had been admitted tenant Sept. 9, 1762, on the surrender of Daniel Grossman. The freeholds were : First, Low Meadow, 3a. or. 8p. ; Little Meadow, 3r. i2p. ; Middle Low Meadow, la. 3r. i6p. ; Farther Low Meadow, 2a. ir. 3p. ; Stony pasture, 3a. 3r. i9p. ; Finborough Field, 5a. 3r. 39p. ; Home Field, 4a. 2r. 34p.; site of buildings, yards, and gardens ; 2r. 3op. ; the Front Meadow, 3a. 2r. 37p. ; the Three Acres, 3a. ir. up.; Paddock Meadow, 2a. 3r. 9p. ; Rattlesden Field, fa. or, ifp. ; the Cottage and yard, 38p. ; Six Acres, 5a. 2r. 8p. ; Great Costards, 5a. 3r. 2ip. ; the Cottage and yard, 2op. ; Costards Meadow, la. ir. i4p. ; Little Costards, 2a. 3r. I4p. ; and Costards meadow, 3a. ir, ip. ; containing in the whole 58a. 2r. 37p. exclusive Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 199 of roads. The Copyholds were (i) a messuage with a garden adjoining, between the land late of William Baker, in Buxhall, near the Church ; and a close of ten acres with the way thereunto belonging, between the lands of the Rectory of Buxhall called Bedwell and the King's highway, holden at the rent of 8s. gd. ; (2) a meadow called Rush Meadow, la. 3r., lying between lands of the Manor of Finborough, late in the tenure of Sir Roger North, Knight, on the east, and the common rivulet on the west ; and an inclosure with the meadow at the end thereof, lying between the lands of the Manor of Finborough and Rush Meadow towards the north, and the lands of the Vicarage of Finborough called Mallyn Down on the south ; also a meadow, 2a. ir., between Mallyn Down and Bedwell, holden at the rent of 24s. 8d. ; (3) a close of 13a. called Sturman's Croft, between the King's highway south and the lands formerly of Sir John. Gilbert, Knight, north ; (4) a meadow, 2a., between the river south and the lands late of Henry Richer, north, and abutting on the highway at Gardener's Bridge. The descriptions of each of these four portions of copyholds with the several devolutions until merged in the estate of the lord are as follows : — (i) Ten Acres near Bedwell. " One messuage with garden adjoining between land formerly of William Baker situate and being in Buxhall near the Church. "And one close of land lying near Bedwell containing by estimation 10 acres with a way to the same close pertaining lying between land of the Rectory of Buxhall called Bedwell and the Highway one head abutting on the way late of Henry Richer towards the east." The messuage has long since disappeared. It was standing, however, in the reign of Henry VIII., and with the 10 acres was, in the 19th year of the reign of that monarch, granted to Robert Gawges and Alicia his wife and Joan their daughter. Alicia Gawges surrendered, April 24, 3 Edw. VI., to Henry Richardes who was at the same time admitted. On his death Richard Rechers, his son and heir was admitted Sept. 30, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. Henry Richars next had this property, and his son and heir, Thomas Richards, was admitted Jan. 20, 11 Jac. I. ; and he, Dec. 13, 1616, sold to Robert Gardyner, who was admitted the same day, and by his will, Aug. 15, 1636, devised to his second son Jeremias Gardener " all his messuage or tenement with all the buildings orchards gardens with all the lands meadow and pasture with all their appurtenances situate lying and being in Buxhall as well freehold as copyhold and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 200 History of the Parish of Buxhall then in the tenure or occupation of William Eye and William Fowler." Jeremias was admitted April 25, 1639. On his death his son and heir, Jereipias Gardner, was admitted April 15, 1650, and Oct. 4, 1670, surrendered conditionally to Anne Levett, of Parham Halchetson, widow, who being admitted Jan. 3, 1671, sold to Joseph Wood, Nov. 22, 1676, and he was admitted Jan. 26, 1676. Joseph Wood sold to William Bright, who was admitted to this property Nov. 20, 1696. The title after this is the same as Sturmynscroft, which see. (2) Rush Meadow. Description. "One piece of pasture called Rush meadowe [5 Edw. VI., Russhy meadow], containing i acre and 3 rods, lying between land of the Manor of Finborough, late in the tenure of [5 Edw., Thomas Smythe] Sir Roger North on the east, and the common Rivulet on the west, one head abutting on land of the Manor towards the north, and the other head on Stony pasture in part and Lock meadow in part towards the south. And one inclosure with meadow in the end of the same lying in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Finborough in part of Rush meadow in part towards the north, and lands of the Vicarage of Finborough called Malydown [5 Edw. VI. Mallyng Downe ; 16 16, Malindoune] on the south, one head abutting on land of this Manor [5 Edw. VI. in the occupation of Robert Crosse] late in the tenure of Thomas Lockwood towards the east, and the other head on land called Sandy [5 Edw. VI., Sondylonde Pete ; 1616, Sondye lande] lands near Bedwell towards the west, containing 7 acres [and i rod], formerly more or less one other piece of meadow lying in 3 pieces, now together, adjoining and lying in Buxhall between land of the Vicarage of Finborough, called Malyndown, in part and the watercourse running from ' Gardners Bridge ' in part on the east, and lands of the Rectory of Buxhall, called Bedwell, in part [5 Edw. VI. and lands of this manor in part on the west abutting upon the highway and upon ' Gardners Bridge,' towards the south, and upon the meadow lying in Stony pasture towards the north, and containing by estimation four acres], one head abutting on land of the Manor of Buxhall late in the tenure of Daniel Richer towards the south, and the other head on land of the Manor of Buxhall called Stony pasture in part, and the land of the said Vicarage called Malyndown towards the north." This was granted by the lord in court April 8, 5 Edw. VI., to Henry Richardes " upon condition that the said Henry Richardes paid to Henry Copynger lord of the manor at the feast of All Saints next ensuing ^^5, and upon further condition Digitized by Microsoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 201 that he (Richardes) finds for Alice Gawgys widow for the whole term of the life ot the said Alice two cows of his own cows to the said Alice as well winter as summer [and] sufficient food so that the said Alice may take the profit of the said two cows to her own use for the said term of her life rendering thereof yearly for the aforesaid two cows to the said Henry Richardes x^ and that he shall give to the lord henceforth for fine after the death of whatsoever tenant thereof or for alienation thereof xxviij^ and do suit at the general court rendering therefor xxviij^ and do the other service therefore due and it shall be lawful for the aforesaid Henry to cut and take timber and wood growing upon the premises for the purpose of building a house upon any parcel of his bond lands held of this Manor without impeachment of any waste and not otherwise." And he did fealty. The title after this is the same as that of " Ten acres near Bedwell," which see, except that the first piece la. 3r., Jan. 17, 1669, Daniel Richer surrendered to William Richardson and he surrendered to Joseph Wood, Jan. 12, 1670, conditionally, and Joseph Wood was admitted Jan. 26, 1676. The whole was with "Ten acres near Bedwell" surrendered to the lord Dec. 8, 1837. (3) Sturmynscroft. Description. " Thirteen acres [i Edw. VI., 14 acres] of land meadow and pasture called Sturmynscroft lying in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall and land of the Vicarage of Finbarrowe called Malyngedoune on one part and land formerly of Joseph Crosse on the other part one head abutting on land of the Manor of Finbarrowe Hall called Lowfield [5 EHz., Lekefeld] and the other head abutting on the street called Gardyner's street [1676, formerly divided into four separate closes, one head abutting on the highway towards the south, and another head abutting on land formerly of Sir John Gilbert towards the north]." This in the time of Henry VIII. belonged to John Crosse, who i Edw. VI. surrendered to his son, Robert Crosse, who, by will, left the same to his brother, James Crosse, who was admitted Sept. 30, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary, and died before July 15, 5 Eliz., when John Crosse, of Sudbury, his brother, was admitted. On John's death it passed, under his will Oct. 7, 14 Eliz., in moieties to his two daughters — one to Annie Doggett for life with remainder to her son John Doggett, and the other to Katherine Crosse. John Doggett sold his moiety to Jonas Pykes Dec. 9, 43 Eliz. ; and he, March 26, 7 Jac. I., sold to Richard Walker. Katherine married Robert Cooke, and together they sold Katherine's moiety to John Doggett April 26, 27 Digitized by Microsoft® 202 History of the Parish of Buxhall 35 Eliz., and he was then admitted and sold the same Oct. 6, i Jac. I., to the said Richard Walker, who was admitted same day. Richard Walker, being seised of the whole, died, and Henry Walker, his son and heir, was admitted and sold to Thomas Lockwood, who was admitted April 17, 1612. Thomas Lockwood by will Jan. 4, 1646, devised to his wife Anne for life, with remainder to his children equally. Other estates testator devised to his son Bernard. Anne, the widow, was admitted June 16, 1647. Bernard Lockwood was admitted April 5, 1670, his brothers and sisters releasing to him all their rights, Richard Lockwood Dec. 5, 1 67 1, and William Lockwood, Edmund Lockwood, and Margery Pelborowe his sister, wife of Peter Pelborowe, Jan. 3, 1671. Bernard Lockwood sold to Joseph Wood and Maria his wife, who were admitted Nov. 12, 1681, and sold to William Bright who was admitted Nov. 20, 1696. William Bright sold all his copyholds to Edward Luther, of Helvedon Hatch, co. Essex, Esq., April 12, 1707, and he was admitted May 16, 1707. Edward Luther, Feb. 9, 17 19, sold the above "Rush Meadow " and " Ten Acres near Bedwell " to Mabell Grossman, of Doding Hurst, Essex, spinster, who was admitted March 11, 17 19, and by will, April 9, 1728, devised the same to Daniel Grossman. He, April 29, 1730, was admitted and sur- rendered to uses of the settlement on his marriage with Elizabeth Barnes, one of the daughters of Michael Barnes, of Rickinfield, to the use of himself for life and then as to all except Gopperfield and Martin Pightle (6 acres parcel of Sturmans Groft) to the use of Elizabeth his intended wife for life, with remainder to the heirs of their body and as to the excepted part to Mabell, only daughter of the said Daniel by a former wife, but, if Mabell died in her father's lifetime without issue, the excepted closes were to go with the other land, with a proviso that if Elizabeth on the death of Daniel paid a certain sum to Mabell the excepted closes should go to Elizabeth — probably with other property. The facts do not appear, but either this Mabell died in her father's lifetime without issue or the sum of money was paid by Elizabeth — probably the former as another child of Daniel by his second wife evidently bore the name Mabell, for Daniel Grossman and Mabell, the wife of Nathaniel Flowerdew, described as the only children of the said Daniel Grossman by Elizabeth his wife, formerly Elizabeth Barnes, suffered a recovery on a sale to Mary Edgar, of Great Finborough, spinster, and she was admitted Sept. 9, 1762. Mary Edgar married Thomas Rust, and together they sold part of the Rush Meadow and other property, namely — the messuage and Groft containing la. and 2r. ; the Home field containing 4 acres ; a close called the Alms House field, containing 3a. and 2r. ; and a piece of land containing 1 5 perches to the Rev. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 203 Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, absolutely on Aug. 26, 1765, and to all the rest of the property, namely, the Rush Meadow, Sturman's Croft and the 10 acres near Bedwells, John Edgar Rust, of Stowmarket, only surviving son and heir of Mary Rust, was admitted April 30, 1803, and he surrendered the same to the then lord of the Manor of Buxhall Dec. 8, 1837. (4) Meadow on Highway at Gardiner's Bridge. Description. " One piece of meadow customary and heriotable formerly lying in two pieces containing i acre and 3 rods [1671, 2 acres] in Buxhall between the river on the south and land late of Henry Richer on the North one head abutting on a meadow late of the said Henry towards the East and the other head on the highway at Gardners bridge towards the west." Daniel Richar had this in the time of James I. as also " Fryers," and at a court held April 29, i Jac. I., it was found that he had died seised thereof, and his son and heir, Daniel Richar, was then [1625] admitted. On his death his son, Daniel Richar, was admitted Nov. 4, 1644, and he surrendered Jan. 7, 1669, to "William Richardson, who was admitted Jan. 17, 1669, and sold Jan. 12, 1671, to Joseph Wood, of Buxhall. Joseph Wood sold to William Bright, who was admitted Nov. 20, 1696, after which the title is the same as that of Sturmyn's Croft, which see. This meadow was surrendered to the lord Dec. 8, 1837. Sfikes. A further part of the Lodge farm 11 a. ir., formerly known as Spikes, belonged to the Fuller family, and was sold to the late Mr. Copinger Hill in 1838. It was made up of part of Great Spikes (Tithe No. 535) ir. i8p. ; Munnels (part of 532 and 529) la. 3r. 37p. Munnels pasture (portion part of 529), la. 2r. lop. ; Little Spikes (part of 534), 2a. 3r. 3p. ; Great Spikes (535) 4a. 2r. I2p. At the same time from the Fuller family came what was formerly known as Buxhall Marsh. A house for many ages stood on it, but this has disappeared. The description and descent of this Buxhall Marsh are as follows : — "One messuage [3 and 4 Phil, and Mary newly built] called Buxhall Mashe [5 Eliz., Mershe] and 10 acres of land meadow and pasture to the same messuage belonging lying in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall and land called Benaldes [5 Eliz., Benallys] and land late of William Goodriche one Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 204 History of the Parish of Buxhall head abutting on land of the said Manor and the other head abutting on a street called Gardiner's Street." Thomas Smyth, Agnes his wife, and Joan their daughter, were admitted to this property 9 Hen. VII., and Agnes, having survived her husband, under the description of Agnes Cater alias Smyth widow, surrendered the property to Henry Copinger, then lord of the Manor, April 24, 3 Edw. VI., by the description of eight acres of land more or less called the Buxhall Marshe. At the same court Henry Copinger granted the same to Thomas Langerwoode and his heir by the rod, on condition that he within 7 years erected on the said 8 acres of land a mansion house. The rent was xiiij^ suit of court and other services and fealty. Thomas Langerwode Sept. 30, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary sold to Robert Crosse, who devised the same to his brother, James Crosse, who was admitted Sept. 30, 5 and 6 Phil, and Mary, by which time the eight acres had swelled to ten. James Crosse died, and his brother, John Crosse, was admitted July 15, 5 Eliz. John Crosse, described as of Sudbury, by will, gave to Anne Doggett and Katherin Crosse, his two daughters, his two tenements in Buxhall called the Marsh and Footes, with all the lands thereunto belonging then in the occupation of John Able, for the term of their lives, and after the decease of the said Anne Doggett her part to go to John Doggett, her eldest son and his heirs. Anne Doggett died, and her moiety passed to her son John Doggett, who was admitted March 29, i Jac. I., and Nov. 7, 2 Jac. I. ; surrendered conditionally to William Jower, of Great Finborough, carpenter, who was admitted Oct. 11, 3 Jac. I. and by will devised to Robert Southgate the younger his " one halfe of the Marshe lynge in Buxhall," he paying to his brother William South- gate £c, within one year after the decease of his father, Robert Southgate the elder. Robert the devisee was ad- mitted April 26, 1 61 5, and on Oct. 23, 1617, sold to Thomas Badkocke, sen., who was admitted April 2, 1619. Katherin Crosse was admitted to the other moiety Oct. 7, 14 Eliz., and married Robert Cooper. Edmund Cooper, Jan 24, 1 6 14, surrendered to use of his will, whereby he gave to Thomas Blogett, his son-in-law, " all that his parte and right which he had in that parcell of lande and pasture commonlye called by the name of the Marshe copyhould lyeinge in Buxhall . . . in the occupacon of William Sowgate," upon trust for sale, and Thomas Blogett, who was admitted April 26, 16 15, sold to William Southgate Oct. 11, 16 16. He was admitted and Oct. 2, 1617, sur- rendered this moiety to Thomas Bad- kocke, sen., who was admitted April 2, 1619. Digitized by Microsoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 205 "Thus the whole being in Thomas Badcocke, he died, leaving Thomas Badcocke his son and heir, aged 17, and he was admitted March 30, 1627, and again after 21, May i,' 1633. On March 30, 1631, however, he sold to Elizabeth Copinger, daughter of William Copinger, lord of the Manor, and she was admitted April 19, 1637. She married Thomas Bucke, Esq., and August 29, 1640, surrendered to the use of him and herself, on which surrender they were admitted May I, 1 641. Thomas Bucke survived his wife, and, dying, left Thomas Buck, son of John Buck, his nephew and heir, and he was admitted Oct. 4, 1670. Thomas Buck, the nephew, mortgaged Feb. 2, 1670, to Joseph Wood, who was admitted Nov. 3, 1671, and Joseph Wood surrendered conditionally Dec. 22, 1676, to the Rev. Richard Kettilby, of Aspall Stonham. William Blomfield, 20 years later, had the property, for Mary Blomfield was admitted Nov. 2, 1692, as sole executrix of her brother William. She sold to Thomas Fuller, jun., of Buxhall, yeoman, who was admitted June 12, 1719, and at whose death Anthony Fuller, his only son and heir, was admitted August 16, 1763. Anthony Fuller by will Oct. 29, 1802, devised all his lands in Rattlesden and Buxhall to Robert Fuller, of Buxhall, gent., upon trust for testator's daughter, Mary Fuller for life with remainder to her children as she should by deed or will appoint, and in default of issue to William Hunt his daughter's husband in fee, and Robert was admitted May 27, 1806, and on his death Sept. 21, 1 8 13, John Fuller, of Boxford, yeoman, eldest son and heir of John Fuller, late of Isleham, in the Isle of Ely and county of Cambridge, farmer, deceased, who was the son and heir of John Fuller, late of Melford, shopkeeper, deceased, who was the eldest brother of the said Robert Fuller, was admitted Sept. 21, 1 8 13, being the great nephew and heir-at-law of the original devisee. John Fuller, then described as of Combs, sold the above premises with the concurrence of William Hunt (Mary Hunt having died April 24, 1828, without issue) to the Rev. Copinger Hill, then lord of the Manor, Jan. 6, 1838, when of course it ceased to be held as copyhold. Another part, now forming a portion of the Lodge Farm and originally copyhold of the Manor, came from the Everard and Warburton families. It was in early days held in one hand and known as Great Woodfield, but was subsequently divided into Great Woodfield, Middle Woodfield, and Little Woodfield. The description in the time of Queen Mary, and devolution and descent thence to the present time, are here given : — " One tenement sometime since wasted and one close of land called Great Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2o6 History of the Parish of Buxhall Woodfeilde containing 14 acres ir. and ^. One piece lying in seven pieces in Buxhall between the wood called Buxhall wood on one part and lands formerly of Thomas Smyth late called Bayliffes and land of the said Manor in part and land formerly of Thomas Roger now of Robert Fitches in part and land now of Thomas Rosyer and late of William Goodryche in part and on the other part one head ' inde ubi tentumdudum stabat ' abutting on land of this Manor called the Marshe in part, and on land now of Thomas Rosyers in part [? on Lyttle Woodfeld, 15 Eliz.] and the other head abutting on land of the said Manor in part and on land formerly of John Dygby now of Sir John Gilbert in parte and on land late of Thomas Smyth now of the said William Smyth in part. " And one other close of land called Little Woodfield containing 4 acres yp. fp., lying in Buxhall aforesaid between land of this Manor and land late of Thomas Smyth now of the said William Smyth on one part and land of the said Robert Fitches on the other part one head abutting on the Highway called the High Street, and the other head abutting on land of the said Manor." In the I St year of Queen Mary Abigil Rycher, widow, held this property for life with remainder to her son William, and they were admitted Sept. 30, I Mary. William Richars conditionally surrendered April 15, 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary to Henry Murton and Thomas Smyth, and the former was April 20 following admitted. He sold to John Sellows alias Smyth April 18, 12 Eliz., and John Sellowes alias Smyth to Henry Crampton, who was admitted Oct. i, 15 Eliz. Henry Crampton by will April i, 16 Eliz., left all his lands to a child he expected, i.e., if a son, and if not a son to his executors to sell and divide between his children. And after reciting that John Asshold had sold to him certain copyholds in Buxhall, he directed that if this John Asshold should pay his executors ^^ 1,570 and ^{^36 he should have the same back. John Ashfield was the executor, and he sold the above described property (having been admitted Oct. 14, 16 Eliz.) to Robert Selowes, who was admitted at the same court as the executor had been. Robert Sellowes sold to Robert Reve, sen., who was admitted March 27, 19 Eliz., and June i, 22 Eliz., 1580, sold to John Salter, who was admitted at the same time. Edward Salter was admitted as son and heir of his father John, and June 20, 6 Jac, sold to John Sellowes, who was admitted Sept. 30, 6 Jac. I. John Sellowes, by his will April 11, 16 Car. I., devised to William Sellowes, his youngest son, all his copyholds in Buxhall, charged with certain moneys for his daughters, Margaret, Mary, Judith, Sarah, and Winifred, and William Sellowes was admitted Oct. 25, 1641, and April 19, 1650, surrendered to Francis Digitized by Microsoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 207 Copinger and his son Thomas jointly and conditionally, and they were admitted April 16, 1651. Thomas Copinger died and Francis Nov. 29, 1671, surrendered to Walter Copinger, who was admitted Dec. 5, 1671. Walter Copinger sold to John Diaper, of Great Finborough, yeoman, March 27, 1676, and he was admitted April 10, 1676. John Diaper by will November 14, 1676, devised to his daughters,' Anne and Rose, Great Woodfield. If either predeceased him without issue then to such of his daughters as should survive him equally. He gave to Susan, a daughter by his second wife. Middle Woodfield which he purchased of Walter Copinger, but if she died without issue it was to be divided equally between all his daughters who survived. And he gave to Elizabeth Diaper Little Woodfield, but if she died without issue, the same to be equally divided between all his daughters surviving. And he gave to his daughters a right of way over Little Woodfield. Great Woodfield only. Anne Diaper married one Sheppard and died in 1696, leaving two daughters, Dorothy and Anne, infants. Rose married John Girt and was admitted Nov. 4, 1678, and Oct. 28, 1704, sold her moiety to Hester Boggas, only daughter of John Boggas, of Great Finborough, gent., who was admitted (to 9a. ir. ^) Dec. 17, 1706, and the other moiety was surrendered by William Hallocks, and Dorothy his wife, and Ann Sheppard, May 6, 1706, to the said Hester Boggas, who was admitted Dec. 17, 1706, and consequently held or became possessed of the whole. Middle Woodfield. So this Susan Diaper was admitted Nov. 4, 1678. She married John Welham, and her son and heir, John Welham, was admitted Nov. 14, 1701. John Welham, jun., surrendered Nov. 13, 17 14, to Hester Bennett, wife of John Bennett, of of Framesden, grocer, who was on the same day admitted. Great Woodfield and Middle Woodfield. Hester Bennett, having both, died, leaving Edward Boggas, son of Edward Boggas, late uncle of the said Hester, her heir, and he was admitted Oct. 13, 1729. On Dec. 13, 1752, being then described as Edward Bogges, of Wheelly, in the county of Essex, gent., he surrendered to the use of Edward Everard, of Brightlingsea, in the county of Essex, gent., for life, with remainder to Mary Everard his wife for life, and aiiterwards to the use of the marriage settlement of the said Edward Everard and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2o8 History of the Parish of Buxhall Mary his wife. Edward died and Mary was admitted for life, Nov. 6, 1756, the premises being then described as all those four closes or pieces of land called the Woodfields lying in Buxhall between other lands called the Woodfields on the part of the north, and the lands of John Edgar on the part of the south, abutting upon the way leading to High Street Green towards the east and the lands of Thomas Penny, towards the west, containing together by estimation 19 acres, i rod and 28 perches. On the death of Mary Everard, leaving two daughters, the property was divided. To one moiety Mary, wife of Thomas Warburton, of Harleston, in the county of Norfolk, clerk, was admitted Sept. 22, 1786, and to the other moiety, Elizabeth Everard was admitted at the same time. On Mary Warburton's death her only son and heir, the Rev. William Philip Warburton was admitted April 30, 1803, and he admitted he held as free tenant other hereditaments. William Philip Warburton by will Dec. 31, 1800, devised to his wife Elizabeth for life, and after her decease to his daughter Elizabeth Mary Moore Cobb Warburton. Elizabeth, his widow, was admitted for life Aug. 26, 1822. She acknowledged to holding free other lands. The other moiety Elizabeth Everard by will, April 20, 1840, devised to her great-niece, Elizabeth Mary Moore Warburton, daughter of her late nephew, William Philip Warburton, and she was admitted to this moiety, March 25, 1841. On Jan. 30, 1845, the said Elizabeth Warburton and Elizabeth Mary Moore Cobb Warburton sold the above to the Rev. Copinger Hill then lord of the Manor. Buxhall Lodge stands on the division line of the two parishes of Buxhall and Great Finborough, and the front portion of the house is in the latter parish, and the back portion in the former. The whole of the property described under the head of Buxhall Lodge now belongs to the writer, and is let to and farmed by Mr. Hurren, who resides on the premises. (^) RivETTS OR The Cottage. This tenement with 10 acres was originally held free of the Manor at the rent of ix''. and in the time of Henry VIII. was known as Rivetts. On Sept. 30, 6 Edw. VI. Robert Murton paid a relief to the lord of the Manor for it and did fealty. In 2 Elizabeth it was called Wymkysshes formerly Rivetts, and in the course of years its name grew shorter, and by the seventeenth century it became known as Windishes and was still in the Martin family, passing under the will of Richard Martin, dated June 27, 1709, in moieties to his two daughters — Mary, wife Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 209 of Nuce Symonds, and Elizabeth, wife of Jonathan Ripper— for their lives, with a direction that at their deaths it should be sold. It was then the principal house of a small farm consisting of 53 acres and a half with which was joined a tenement called Highams occupied by one Henry Osborne. This last-mentioned tenement, called in Queen Mary's time Heigham, was a separate free tenement of the Manor, and held at the rent of j''. George Salter was the owner in Mary's reign, and in a list of Free Tenants made 2 Eliz. this house was still in his ownership, being described as " High'ms, alias Hilles." The name "Hills" was a common name for several of the fields now forming part of the Cottage farm in early days. Thus we find that Edward Salter, son and heir of the above George Salter, did fealty as a free tenant Oct. 8, 20 Eliz., for "two pieces of land called Hylls, and one piece of meadow called Hills meadow, containing in the whole by estimation 5^ acres in Buxhall, and one Tostin, called Hylls, formerly built on, with one close of land called The Entre, one close of land called Meadowegate close two tofts without tenements called Hills, joining Spertam, lying in Buxhall," the rent being viij"*. ^ Highams, at a later period, passed to Richard Martin, who, by his will of May 9, 1631, devised them to Peter Martin, who did. fealty April 20, 1632. Peter sold to his brother, Richard Martin, who did fealty May I, 1633. The sale directed to be made by Richard Martin's will of 1709 was effected by deed dated March 27, 1717, in favour of Edmund Bowie. Windishes was then occupied by Robert Johnson. The conveyance included a field called Mearcroft ija. abutting on lands late of Syers and then of Thomas Brookes, east, west, and south, and upon lands of the Manor of Fennhall north ; a field called Wallings 5a. lying between lands of Edmond Bowie east and lands of the Manor of Buxhall north, and lands called Osbornes south ; a Meadow called Wallings Meadow 3r. ; a pasture called Hamlings then divided into two closes called Upper Hamlings and Lower Hamlings containing together 9a. abutting on lands of the said Edmund Bowie called Salters west, and land of the Manor of Fennhall in part, and the highway leading from Rattlesden to Stowmarket in part east, the north head abutting upon the customary lands of the said Manor and the south upon the said high- way ; a piece of meadow containing 3r. lying between the lands of the said Edmund Bowie and the lands of the Manor of Buxhall, west, east, and north, and the said * George Salter in his lifetime sold his two pieces of land called Hills and the piece of meadow called Hills Meadow to William Syer. 28 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2IO History of the Parish of Buxhall highway south ; a pightle called Calves Pightle, containing ija. ; a piece of ground called Meadow Gate containing 2 Ja. ; another piece containing Ja. lying next Wallings land north, and Wallings Meadow west ; 3 closes called Bannards and one meadow adjoining, containing 12a. then divided into 2 closes called Upper Bannards and Lower Bannards, abutting upon the highway leading from Buxhall to Woolpit, north and west and upon Purple Meadow, and the lands of Frances Beales, south and east ; a close called Clarices Croft, containing 7a. lying in Buxhall between the lands of the said Edmund Bowie called the Sink east, and the lands of the Manor of Fennhali west ; and one tenement called Highams with, several pieces of pasture containing 3a. In the last-mentioned conveyance a field of two acres called Overhill close, lying between the lands of the Manor of Fennhali on the east part, and the lands of the Manor of Buxhall on the west part, one head abutting upon the lands of the Manor of Fennhali towards the north, and the other head abutting upon Wallens land towards the south, which had been demised by William Syer, June II, 1658, to Francis Sparrowe for 2,000 years, and vested in Jermin Skepper by assignment of Oct. 27, 20 Car. II., was also assigned to Edmund Bowie. Edmund Bowie, who at the time of his death held adjoining land (in 17 14 in the occupation of Thomas Poole and William Bawley), under the will of his father, John Bowie, dated Jan. 21, 1714, by his will of April 27, 1738, devised the above-mentioned property to his eldest son, John Bowie, who, by deed, dated Feb. 10, 1756, sold it to the Rev. Abbott Upcher, of Bury St. Edmunds, and assigned to him the Overhill Close by deed Jan. i, 1760, for the residue of the 2,000 years. Abbott Upcher, by deed of July 5, 1760, sold and conveyed the freehold to the Rev. Dr. Henry Hill, the property then being stated to have been formerly in the occupation of Thomas Poole, afterwards of Edmund Bowie, and then of John Fuller. The conveyance to Dr. Hill included also a messuage which in 1698 was occupied by John Barnes and which, March 26, 1698, had been granted by Mark Salter, gent., to William Bowie, yeoman, with twelve acres in Buxhall ; and also the close called the Sink alias Higham Croft, abutting upon the highway leading from Buxhall Church to Rattlesden in part, and the land of Richard Martin in part towards the south ; and Marecroft Meadow containing ten acres, abutting in part on the lands belonging to Fennhali in part north, and upon Hill's Entry east, and upon Clarke's Croft west ; and one other close called Wheatcroft, abutting on Punstons Close in part, and Clarke's Croft Meadow in part south and Pickmords Close north and Digitized by Microsoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 21 1 upon Gardenfield east and Worlings Close west, which had been conveyed to William Bowie by Mary Griggs, widow, and Edmund Griggs, by a deed dated March 26, 1707, and had passed under his will of Jan. 21, 17 14, mentioned above to his son Edmund. Overhill Close was assigned to Dr. Hill by a deed of even date with the above conveyance. A small piece of land called the Patronage now forms part of this farm, but in many of the title deeds it is referred to separately. It was granted Sept. 30, 6 Edw. VI., by the lord with the consent of Henry Rycher, his farmer, under the description of " a small piece of land of old time called ' le Patronage ' lying at the end of the site of the Rectory as now it is enclosed," to Henry Todd, Clerk Rector of Buxhall, for life, yielding to the farmer or occupant of the Manor, for the time being yearly xij"* and suit of Court. The two fields formerly called Hamlings and Baynards containing sixteen acres together with a tenement called Bennetts were formerly held free of the Manor at a rent of ij^ x'', by the Bacon and Marten families. They were, no doubt, at an early period surrendered to the lord and absorbed in the general estate. We find that as early as the 3 and 4 Phil, and Mary (1557), the practice of absorption had commenced, for 15 th of April that year Robert Marten surrendered one cottage and eighteen acres of land to the same belonging to the use of Henry Copynger, then lord of the Manor. Francis Bacon had the property in the time of Henry VIII. , and sold it in 1557 to Robert Marten as is recorded in a court held for the Manor Oct. 8, 4 and 5 Phil, and Mary. Robert's son, Richard Marten, March 29, i Jac. I. (1603), acknowledged that he held the above at the yearly rent of 2s. lod., and other services. Richard Marten died in 1 63 1, leaving his son and heir, Richard, who did fealty Oct. 6, 1631 ; but this is the last we hear of these fields and tenement as separate from the Buxhall Estate. Another field adjoining the Sink was known as Clarke's Croft, or Pightle, as far back as Henry VIII. 's time, and down to quite a recent period. It consisted of three acres ; but in the time of Queen Mary was described as near Skutles Lane, which later seems to have passed under the name of Hill's Entry, and evidently ran down from the road leading from Rattlesden to Buxhall between the Cottage and Highams to the lands of Fennhall. It was found July 22, 2 Mary, that Agnes Salter had drawn one half-penny of yearly rent from this croft for divers years then elapsed, and the Bailiff was commanded to distrain. On what is not clear, for it would have been hard on the tenant to have Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 212 History of the Parish of Buxhall to pay twice over. It seems to have been copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall, for John Salter Oct. 6, 7 Car. I., surrendered it to the use of his will, by which (April 27, 1631) he devised it to Jane Barton, his sister, by the description of, " All that his coppiehold Tenement wherein John Jacob now dwelleth together with the barne meadow ground and orchyard thereto belongeing with the appurtenances whatsoever commonly called ' Clarices pightell or by whatsoever name the same is reputed or taken, containeing by Estimation 3 acres,' situate in Buxhall." Jane Barton was admitted May 25, 1632, and with her husband, Henry Barton, sold to Richard Crosse, who was admitted Oct. 9, 1639. The whole of the above now forms part of the writer's Buxhall Estate, and the land is let to and farmed by Messrs. R. and G. Williams. (f) The Maypole and Purple Hill, The picturesque farm known as the Maypole is of considerable antiquity. It has passed under a succession of various names, but, like so many others, has now received what is almost a fixed designation through the Ordnance Survey. We first meet with the modern name applied to it in 1798. At the beginning of the last century the property was vested in Edward Beales, and later in his son, Francis Beales. It was then in the occupation of John Goddard and John Sterne. Francis Beales, by his will dated August 20, 1728, left the property, which then consisted of 120 acres, to his son-in-law, William Sulyard, and Sarah his wife, for their lives, and after their decease to Edward Sulyard, their son in tail male, with remainder to Francis Sulyard, Edward's brother in fee. Testator's other daughter was Rachael Cocksedge. William Sulyard occupied the farm after testator's death, until his own death, when his widow Sarah carried on the farm till 1760, in which year the estate tail was barred by fine and recovery, and then by deed of Oct. 11, 1760, the property was conveyed to the Rev. Henry Hill. About twenty-two acres inter- mixed with the freeholds were copyhold of the Manor of Fennhall ; and as to this part, Sarah Sulyard and Thomas Cocksedge, Francis Beales's grandson, as eldest son and heir of Rachael Cocksedge, covenanted to surrender. The farm now forms part of the Buxhall Estate. Included in this farm are three pieces of land known as Blackmans, two dis- tinguished by the name of Little Blackmans. In the time of Henry VIII. they belonged to Henry Muskett, and the description then was "two pieces of land Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 213 called Little Blackmans containing 2 J acres." A little later they were described as containing three acres. They were hedfree of the Manor at the rent of iij^ Henry Muskett surrendered these two pieces of land to John Salter, 25 Hen. VIII. His son, George Salter, succeeded, and he died before 17 Eliz., Sept. 12, for Edmund Salter, his son and heir, was then admitted. He surrendered to Thomas Martyn, who was admitted Sept. 28, 23 Eliz., and sold to Thomas Bret [Hearts, 43 Eliz.], who was admitted Jan. 18, 42 Eliz., and Oct. 2, 5 Jac, surrendered to Henry Osborne, who was admitted Sept. 30, 6 Jac. I., (1608), and sold Oct. 8, 1613, to Richard Marten, jun. (son of the Richard Marten of 1603), who was admitted the same day, and died leaving his son and heir, Richard Martin, an infant of four years old, who was on attaining twenty-one admitted April 1.5, 1635. Richard left two daughters, Mary, wife of Nuce Symonds, and Elizabeth, wife of Stephen Attmore. Mary died, leaving Richard Symonds, her son and next heir, who was admitted to a moiety April 23, 17 14, and together with Stephen Attmore and Mary his wife, March 26, 17 17, sold the whole to Edmund Bowie, of Kettle- baston, • yeoman, who was admitted July 9, 1717. Edmund Bowie by will left the above property to his son, John Bowie, who was admitted June 6, 1738, and August 7, 1760, sold the same to the Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, absolutely, and it now forms part of the Buxhall Estate. Purple Hills. This is now represented by two old cottages in Fen Street, and the land round is held with the Maypole Farm. Originally one tenement, known as Rysbys, and later as Kyssebyes, occupied the site, which was free land of the Manor. In the third year of Edward VI., April 24, Margaret Salter, relict of John Salter, " bocher," did fealty and paid a ' relief to the lord. She held for life with remainder to her daughter Joan. The description of the property at this time was " one tenement called Rysbys with a croft adjoining containing by estimation 2 acres lying in Buxhall near land of Edward Salter called 'Tylar's' on the east, and a way leading from Fenne Street on the west, with 3 acres of land, one acre and a half of meadow one acre pasture to the same pertaining." It was held by service of one " clavi Gariofili " per annum and suit of Court. At the same time Margaret Salter acknowledged that she held free of the Manor one croft or pightle called Paynys, lying at the north end of the croft and tenement aforesaid, at the yearly rent of ix"*. John Salter, who died i Eliz., left the premises to his wife Isabella, and she did fealty Sept. 30, i Eliz., paying a relief of ix"*. In 1603 the property was held by Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 214 History of the Parish of Buxhall the Rev. George Dickenson, the Rector of Buxhall, in right of his wife, he having married Elizabeth Salter, the widow of Mr. Salter. Elizabeth Dickenson died in 1613, and' it was found at a court held Oct. 8 that year that John Salter, aged fifty and upwards, was her son and next heir. This property now forms part of the Buxhall Estate. (/) The Valley. This, or rather a portion of this farm, was formerly known as Wallers. In 1710 it was in the possession of Robert Waller, and so acquired its name. It had previously been in the occupation of Ralph Keeling, and subsequently in that of EHzabeth Keeling his widow. At that time the farm consisted of the tenement and outbuildings occupying half an acre and the following pieces of land : Boycroft, 16 acres; Orchard field, 7; Streetfield, 8; Martin field, 12; Martin meadow, 8 ; Great Garners, 8 ; Wood field, 17. Orchard adjoining church- yard, called Patronage, half an acre, and a moiety of a meadow called Shepherd's Ley, 14 acres, abutting upon Broadbrook Street towards the west, and a piece of arable land called Streetfield towards the north and upon Jordingleys south. In the whole therefore there were 94 acres, which were by deed Dec. 22, 1 7 10, settled by Sarah and Mary Copinger upon Thomas Hill for life, , remainder to Sarah Hill for life, remainder in tail. Thomas Hill having died, by deed March 20, 1744, Sarah Hill released her interest to her son Thomas, entitled under the entail, who by virtue of a deed April 2, 1745, and a Recovery Easter term 18 Geo. III., became absolutely entitled. Thomas Hill by the settlement dated June 6 and 7, 1745, made on his marriage with Lydia, daughter of Thomas Martin, of Whatfield, in county of Suffolk, settled the above property, then stated to be 87 acres exclusive of the moiety of Shepherd's Leys, and then stated to be in the occupation of Thomas Poole (together with the Coles Farm and other estates), upon himself for life, remainder to Lydia Martin, his intended wife, for life, remainder in tail, with ultimate remainder to himself in fee. There was only one daughter issue of the marriage, Lydia Hill, who died at the age of fifteen, and her mother took the above property absolutely under a general devise in the will of her husband dated July 5, 1746. She died in 1748, when it passed to the Rev. Henry Hill, and thence descended with the family estates. In the middle of the eighteenth century the farm was occupied by Thos. Poole, and was known as Poole's Farm for many years after his death. In 1763 it was in the occupation of one Richers. The farm is now held with some other lands by Messrs. G. and R. Williams as tenants of the writer. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 215 The road on which the Valley Farm stands -is sometimes referred to as the road leading from Fasborne Hall to Buxhall Church, and at other times as Wood Street or Broadbrooke Street. The last is the better-known appellation. Some 12 or 15 acres now forming part of this farm were held by free tenants of the Manor in former days. Henry Lambe held in the time of King James the First at a rent of ij^ X*, and sold off in three parts — one " seven acres held of the Manor free called Kinchens lying at Wood Street in Buxhall " was sold to the Rev. William Barwicke March 29, 9 Jac. I., who sold under the description of "8 acres called Kynchons " to Robert Gardyner, who did fealty June i, 161 9. A second piece was sold off by Lambe at the same time to William Birde at an apportioned part of the rent, and the remainder described as " four acres of land called Langmeers lying at Wood Street in Buxhall " was disposed of to Edward Martin at the apportioned rent of ij^ part of the ij^ x^. Certain other pieces of land which have been absorbed into this farm were held as copyhold of the Manor in early days. One holding known as Brookes was thus described in the time of Phil, and Mary : " Two pieces of pasture abutting on the Brook containing 2 acres lying between land of — Digbye Esq. and land of Robert Sellers ats Smyth and land of the Manor of Buxhall one head abutting on Woodfeld and the other abutting on the Brook and one other piece containing i acre lying between land of the said — Digbye and land of the Manor of Buxhall one head abutting on land of the Manor of Buxhall called Woodfeld and the other on the Brook and 2 pieces of land called Brokes containing 4 acres of land abutting on land of Richard Sare and one piece of land pasture and meadow containing 3 acres lying below Buxhall Woode." These were held by Henry Martin at the rent of xj" iiij'', and he was admitted April 7, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, and surrendered Sept. 30, 9 Eliz., to Richard Sare and Agnes his wife, and they, April 18, 12 Eliz., sold to Richard Reynolds, who was admitted Sept. 30, 12 Eliz., when the property was described as 2 pieces of pasture on the Brook " containing 4 acres more or less abutting on land late of Richard Sare, and one piece of land pasture and meadow containing 6 acres lying beneath Buxhall Wood." Two other pieces of land now forming part of this farm were held by free tenants. One was described as "a piece of land containing one rod more or less lying in Buxhall between lands late of Robert Smyth and Robert Rydnall one head abutting on land late of the said Robert Smyth and the other head abutting on Broadbrook Street and a plantation with an orchard." This was granted by Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2i6 History of the Parish of Buxhall the lord in Court Sept. 30, i Eliz., to John Smyth and his heirs at a rent of x^. The other was described as a free tenement and one rod of land in Broadbrook Street described in the time of King James I. as " formerly of Richard Ellis." It was held at the rent of iij'', and was owned March 29, i Jac. I., by Thomas Risbye. This tenement stood on the south side of the land described as " 3J acres copyhold of the Manor and the cottage held with it." (g) Coles Farm. An ancient house with a somewhat involved history. It formed part of the old family estate of the Copingers, but we do not find it specifically dealt with till 1675, when it was charged with a legacy of ;^5oo by Henry Copinger in favour of his daughter Elizabeth. The present farmhouse was probably erected in the early part of the sixteenth century. Several of the rooms are panelled, and one on the upper floor is exceptionally lofty, having an open carved oak roof. In the early part of the seventeenth century this farm was known as Powells, probably by reason of an individual of that name residing there, but in 1647 it was in the occupation of Thomas Pilborow, and for many years afterwards the place was generally known as "Pilborowes Farm." Thomas Pilborowe died in January, 1677. The legacy left by Henry Copinger to his daughter Elizabeth not having been paid within three years, Elizabeth, by virtue of a power given to her by his will, entered into possession. Her mother, Mary Copinger, evidently desirous of retaining the farm with the family estates, arranged with Elizabeth to purchase the farm and give to Elizabeth a mortgage on the property for the amount of the purchase money, this being secured by a term of years. This arrangement was accordingly carried out, and the farm, which was then in the occupation of John Harwood and Joseph Wood, was assured by Elizabeth Copinger to her mother Mary by deed May 22, 1679, and mortgaged back by Mary to Elizabeth May 23, 1679, ^^"^ ^ term of one thousand years. Elizabeth married Ralph Keling, citizen and grocer, of London, and by deed dated the 12th of March, 1679, they assigned the term to George Goodday, who the next day assigned to Ralph Keling absolutely. On the discharge of the mortgage debt the executors of Ralph Keling assigned the term to attend the inheritance. The land passed, upon the death of Mary Copinger in 1699, to her heiress at law, her granddaughter Sarah Copinger, and formed part of the property which, by the deed of Sept. 10, 1708, was vested in Mary Copinger, the sister of Henry, for two thousand years, to secure ^{^901, with remainder to Sarah Hill in fee, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 217 and not being paid the money, the property was on Sarah attaining twenty-one con- veyed by Sarah and her husband to Mary Copinger absolutely. Mary Copinger, by her will in 1719, devised the property (subject to a trust for sale, which was not exercised) in favour of her great nephews, the Rev. Henry Hill and the Rev. Martin Hill, of Brettenham, in equal shares, and by a deed dated September 20, 1746, Mrs. Sarah Hill, as heiress at law and executrix of Mary Copinger, conveyed the property to them accordingly. The property conveyed to the two Hills by Sarah Hill was described as the messuage, lands, meadows, pastures, feeding grounds in Buxhall, late in occupation of the Widow Ramplin, since of John Gladvill, and then of Thomas Poole, and also several pieces of land called Jordans Lays in Buxhall, consisting of 33 acres, late in the occupation of Edward Griggs, and then of said Thomas Poole, and also that messuage in Buxhall late in occupation of John Haward and then of Thomas Crick. The moiety of Henry Hill subsequently descended with the family estate. The other moiety passed under the will of Martin Hill, dated Jan. 18, 1768, by which he devised it to his sister Mary, the wife ot Edward Ellison, of Henningstone, in the county of Suffolk, absolutely. In a mortgage made Dec. 31, 1779, for a term, the inheritance was limited to the appointees of Edward Ellison and his wife, and in default to them for their respective lives, with a power of appointment to Mrs. Ellison, and in default to her right heirs. Neither power was exercised, and she died intestate, leaving two children, Mary Seaman, widow, and Elizabeth, wife of Henry Mountain Neeve. Mary Seaman, then of Coddenham, by her will Nov. 5, 1821, devised her quarter share in the property to trustees upon trust for sale, which was exercised in 1844, and by deed dated April 16, 1844, the quarter share was conveyed to the Rev. Copinger Hill. The remaining fourth share Elizabeth Neeve, of Coddenham (but at the time of her death residing in Ipswich), being a widow, by her will dated June 25, 1830, devised to Charles Pritty, of Coddenham, grocer and draper, " in consideration of the kindness and attention shown to her." She died Jan. 22, 1842, and Charles Pritty died June 7, 1873, having by his will' of August 14, 1867, devised his one- fourth to the appointees of his wife, and in default to her absolutely, but in the event of her dying in his lifetime to trustees for sale. Mary Pritty, testator's wife, having died in her husband's lifetime, on April 11, 1868, the trust for sale came into operation, and was exercised by a sale to the late Henry Hill, rector in 1877, the whole of the property which since 1746 had been held in shares, again coming into one ownership. Two of the fields forming part of this farm — those known as Paddock Meadow and Paddock Field, containing 3a. ir. 34p. and 6a. 3r. 32p., 29 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2i8 History of the Parish of Buxhall and numbered 362 and 363 in the Ordnance and 520 and 519 on the Tithe Map, were formerly copyhold of the Manor of Cockerells. William Copinger, Esqre., surrendered these at a court held Jan. 4, 13 Car. I., under the description of " one messuage or tenement now wasted and eleven acres of land meadow and pasture thereto belonging holden by Court Rolls of the said Manor Together with an ancient Drift way for cattle carts and carriages upon the lands of LefFey Hay as often as there shall be occasion unto and from an acre of Meadow parcell of the said eleven acres (that is to say) sixty perches in length and in breadth ffifteen ffoote." The premises were surrendered to his son, William Copinger, Clerk, for life, with remainder to Henry Copinger, brother of the last-named William in fee. Thomas Hill was admitted June 10, 1726, the quit rent being I2S. A bay gelding was taken as a heriot on his death, and Lydia Hill admitted Jan. 14, 1743. Henry Hill was admitted Dec. 3, 1746 ; Susan Hill and the Rev. Henry Hill Nov. 9, 1778, Elizabeth Hill for life Dec. 30, 1828, and the Rev. Copinger Hill July 16, 1831, who enfranchised by deed July 21, 1864, duly entered in the Rolls of the Manor of Cockerells. The description at that time was " all that one tenement wasted and ten acres of land meadow and pasture called ' Paddocks ' and one acre of meadow lying between Fairsborn Hall lands belonging to Hillhouse now or late in the occupation of George Davey the younger towards the west, the south head abutting upon Wood Street way leading from Buxhall Street to Kirkbarn wood, and the north head upon lands late of Mr. Joshua Grigby called Parkfield belonging or lately belonging to John Fuller." In 1704' we find the farm in the occupation of Joseph Godfrey, but stated to have been formerly in the occupation of Thomas Pilborow and Richard Darcy. In 1709 the farm was in the occupation of Samuel Mootham, in 17 19 in that of Thomas Crick, and about 1733 of John Coles, from whom it derived its present name. In 1763 the farm was known as Plumb's Farm, when it was occupied by Thomas Pool, who then farmed also the Valley Farm. In 1779 it was in the occupation of George Hart; in 1830 of Benjamin Coe and William Spink; in 1844 in that of William Spink alone; in 1854 in that of Messrs. Scott and Clover; in 1877 i'^ that of Mr. Stearn ; and it is now occupied, together with the Valley Farm, by Messrs. R. and G. Williams, as tenants of the writer. (h) GUNNELL OR ThE HoLLYBUSH This farmhouse is an old-fashioned thatched edifice, standing directly on the highway leading from Rattlesden to Buxhall and Stowmarket. It was formerly Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 219 known as Gunnells, later as Waspe Hall, and was together with Cockerells Hall and three tenements called Birons, Southgates, and Brownes, part of the estate of Gregory Copinger the elder of Broomehill, Norfolk, and of Cockerells Hall. It originally formed part of the Vesey property, and in 1683 was mortgaged by Charles Vesey and Frances his wife to William Panton, of London, leatherseller, and Benjamin Tudman, of the same place, goldsmith, for a term of 99 years, which term, the mortgage having been transferred several times and the debt having been ultimately discharged, was by deed of March 5, 1709, assigned to George Goodday in trust for Gregory Copinger, to attend the inheritance. The farm, then consisting of 60 acres, passed to Gregory Copinger in the same deed as the Cockerells Hall Estate from William Vesey April 20, 17 10. It was also comprised in a certain deed of April 3, 1733, made between Gregory Copinger the son of the ist part, John Powell of the 2nd part, and John Coles of the 3rd part, and a deed of May 12, 1743' made between Gregory Copinger the son and Sarah his wife and Sarah Copinger, spinster, his only child and heir apparent, of the one part, and John Kerrick of the other part; an indenture of Nov. 8, 1745, made between Sarah Copinger the elder (then the widow of Gregory Copinger the son) and Sarah Copinger the younger of the ist part, Thomas Moyle of the 2nd part, John Wearg and the Rev. Thomas Smith of the 3rd part, and Thomas de Grey and Edward Isaac Jackson of the 4th part (being the settlement made on the marriage of Thomas Moyle and Sarah Copinger the younger) ; an indenture dated Jan. 3, 1769, made between Sarah Copinger the elder and Thomas Copinger Moyle (only son and heir of Thomas Moyle and Sarah Copinger, both deceased) of the ist part, James Geldard of the 2nd part, and Thomas Chapman of the 3rd part ; a recovery and a release of May 26, 1772, between Thomas Moyle of the one part and Thomas Garner of the other part, this last deed being the sale of the property to Garner. The trustees of Thomas Garner's will sold Gunnells or Waspe Hall and the three tenements, Barons, Southgates, and Brownes, by deed of October 22, 1806, to Thomas Stearn, his title being confirmed by indenture of Oct. 19, 1 8 14, doubts having been entertained as to the sufficiency of the deed of 1806 to pass two estates of 60 acres each, i.e., 120 acres. The objection to the Stearn title was evidently raised on behalf of the Rev. Henry Hill on his purchase from Thomas Stearn in 18 14 of a portion of the property comprised in the con- veyance of 1806. This portion was Brownes or Salters and 10 acres (four of which were copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall), which were conveyed to Mr. Hill by deed of Oct. 27, 18 14, and now form part of the Valley farm. The Digitized by Microsoft® 2 20 History of the Parish of Buxhall rest of this property is still in the possession of the descendants of Thomas Stearn. A considerable portion of the property sold by Garner's trustees to Stearn (including the tenement Brownes) formerly belonged to William Copinger and Mary Copinger, and from them passed to Sarah Copinger the elder. Henry Howe and Zachariah Bowie occupied as tenants until about the year 1768, when Daniel Javers entered into the occupation and held as tenant until 1790, when Thomas Stearn took possession as tenant till 1806, the date of his purchase as above. This farm now includes an ancient free holding of the Manor of Buxhall and also some copyholds. The free holding was known as Taylor's Croft, and in the time of Queen Elizabeth was described as : — " One croft called Taylor's Croft lying in Buxhall containing i acre and 3 rod lying between a way leading from Buxhall to Rattlesden and land of the Manor of Buxhall one head abutting on land of Francis Bacon gent, called Skondons Meadow and a tenement of the Manor of Buxhall called Cateskots and the other head abutting on land of the said Manor." It was held in the time of Queen Mary at the rent of vj"* by John Smythe, who sold to John Salter, jun., son of John Salter, sen., who did fealty Sept. 30, 9 Eliz. On April 14, 1645, Mark Salter, who had taken as son and heir of his father, Mark Salter, did fealty and paid the relief. The copyhold portion was known as Barons, an ancient house of this name, having stood on the easterly side of Baron's Lane and at its junction with the high- road leading from Buxhall to Rattlesden, a site now occupied by the barns of the Hollybush farm. This house was burnt down many years ago. The description of this copyhold property (including a part of Millfield) in the time of Philip and Mary is as follows : — • One "tenement and 4 pieces of land meadow and pasture containing 21 acres one piece containing by estimation 6 acres of land and lying between a certain way called Barons Lane on one side and land anciently called Hills on the other side. The second piece containing by estimation 7 acres of land and meadow and lying between the way called Baronslane on the one part and a croft called Taylor's Croft on the other part. The 3rd piece containing by estimation with hedge and ditch 5 acres late parcel of a certain field called Melfeld. The 4th piece containing by estimation 3 acres part of the said field called Melfeld." Edward Salter had this and died before July 22, 2 Phil, and Mary, and John Salter, his only son and heir, was then but nine years of age, and Thomas Cuttinge Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 22 1 and Margaret his wife were admitted as guardians during minority. Margaret was his mother. John Salter the son was admitted i Eliz., the description then being : — " One tenement called Barons containing 2 acres and a half in Buxhall lying between land of the Manor of Buxhall on the one side and the road called Baronslane on the other side one head abutting on land of the said Manor called Gravell pittes and the other head on the street leading to Rattlesden and one other piece of land bond containing 7 acres called Gravel pittes [42 Eliz., 6 acres] lying in Buxhall between the way called Baronslane and Longstrete [42 Eliz., street called Longe street] on one side and lands of George Salter [42 Eliz., Thomas Marten] called Hills on the other side one head abutting on land of the Manor of Fenhalle and the other on land of the Manor of Buxhall And 4 acres and a half lying in Buxhall between land of Richard Collen [42 Eliz., John Salter] called Taylors Croft on the one side and land of George Salter [42 Eliz., Thomas Marten] on the other side one head abutting on land of the Manor of Buxhall and the other on a meadow late of Francis Balcon gent. [42 Eliz., late Francis Bacon, then of Richard Marten] called Skondons Meadow And one piece containing ^ an acre in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Fenhall on one side and the meadow late of Francis Bacon gent, called Skondons Meadow in part and land of George Salter [42 Eliz., Thomas Martin] on the other side one head abutting on land of the said George Salter [42 Eliz., Thomas Marten] called Hills and the other head on land of the Manor of Buxhall. Rent vii". And also 2 pieces of land parcel of Mellefelde containing 8 acres in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall on the one side and lands of the Manor of Cockerells called Bloks [42 Eliz., Blocks ; I Car. I., Bleakes] on the other side one head abutting on land of the sd. Manor of Cokerells called Chypelfilde [42 Eliz., Claypytt feilde] and the other head abutting on the way leading to Ratellesden. Rent viij"- iiij''." The above together make 22f acres, that is ij acres more than Thomas Cuttinge and Margaret his wife had been admitted to, 2 Phil, and Mary, so the guardianship had been productive of benefit to little Salter. Edward Salter surrendered all the above by the last description, as altered between brackets, to the use of Simons Maye conditionally, and he was admitted March 13, 42 Eliz. As at a Court held Dec. 9, 43 Eliz., it was presented that a certain piece of land, containing by estimation 8 acres, formerly parcel of a field called Millfeild, lying in Buxhall, then in the tenure or occupation of Simon Maye, was of antient Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 222 History of the Parish of Buxhall time parcel of land demesne of the said Manor and first newly granted out of the hand of the lord by Walter Copinger, gent., late lord of the Manor, he having but an estate for life in the Manor, to Richard Tenvinter and Joan his wife, lo Hen. VIII., Sept. 30, the estate was confirmed to Simon Maye Oct. 2, 3 Jac. I. Simon surrendered all his lands in the whole 22 acres, as to Gravel! Pyttes, 6 acres to the use of Joan his wife and her heirs, and as to the remaining 16 acres to the use of himself and Joan his wife, with remainder to the use of the heirs of Simon, and Simon and Joan his wife were the same day admitted, and Dec. 13, 14 Jac. I., surrendered Gravell Pyttes, containing 6 acres, to the use of themselves for life, and Simon by his will. May 11, 19 Jac. I., devised to John Maye his kinsman, the son of John Maye his brother, all his messuage and tenement called Barons, wherein he then dwelt, and all his lands, meadows, pastures, feedings, and grounds thereunto, lying in Buxhall, being all copyhold to hold immediately after the death of Joan his wife. John was admitted to the remainder April 29, I Car. I., and sold it to John Bedall, who was admitted at the same court, and he sold to William Carpenter, who was admitted April 5, 1638. The admit- tance, however, is to all except Gravell Pyttes. William Carpenter by his will, Oct. 24, 1652, devised his property to his son William, who was admitted April 13, 1653, to all except Gravell Pyttes. Notwithstanding this, William the son purports to surrender conditionally to Robert Moore, a mortgagee, March 17, 1669, the whole of the property, including Gravell Pyttes, yet strangely the surrender omits the 8 acres, part of Millfield. On the sale, however, Oct. 18, 1698, the error is corrected, for Gravell Pyttes is omitted and Millfield 8 acres included. This sale was made to Robert Burland for life with remainder to his son Robert Burland, who sold the estate to Gregory Copinger, of Cockerells Hall, who was admitted Sept. 3, 171 1. Gregory by will, Dec. 22, 1739, devised to his daughter Sarah all his copyhold messuages, lands, and tenements in Buxhall, and she was admitted Jan. 14, 1744. Sarah married Thomas Moyle, Esq., and their son, Thomas Copinger Moyle, an infant of eighteen, was admitted April 8, 1765. Thomas Copinger Moyle sold to Thomas Garner all the above. May 26, 1772, and he was admitted June 15, 1772, and by will, Jan. 9, 1800, devised to executors in trust for sale, and Thomas Fox as executor and trustee was admitted Aug. 26, 1803, and sold to Thomas Stearn, who was admitted April 7, 1808. On his death his only son and heir, Thomas Stearn of Buxhall, farmer, was admitted Oct. 2, 1827, and he enfranchised Sept. 10, 1864. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 223 (i) The Park Farm. This farm has always formed part of the Buxhall estate of the Copingers. It was formerly known by the name of Hardhols or Hardheads, and in 1647 was in the occupation of Henry Reynolds. In 1681 it consisted of 92 acres and was then in the occupation of John Pilborowe. In 1689 it was in the occupation of Gregory Copinger of Cockerells Hall, but in 1709 it had been given up by him. In 1763 it was known as Frosts and was then in the occupation of Mr. Bendal. In 1809 it was in the occupation of William Kemble, and is now in the occupation of Mr. Alen as tenant of the writer. This property was included in the conveyance by Goodday of the 5th of July, 1709, with the Manor of Buxhall as already mentioned. There are three ponds of considerable extent on this farm, each on a different level and no doubt originally used for the rearing of fish. The house is of great age, many of the rooms being panelled. It stands on rising ground in a good position and looks down upon Fasbourn Hall. The high road on two sides forms the boundary, and on another side the farm is bounded by Cogman's Lane. Both the house and the farm buildings, which are extensive, have been recently put in thorough repair. (k) The Butterfly Strictly speaking, an account of this tenement has no place in the present volume, for the house itself actually stands in the parish of Great Finborough, but the greater part of the land held with the tenement is in the parish of Buxhall, and the lands of the two parishes are hereabouts somewhat interwoven so that it is thought that a brief account of this ancient and interesting edifice may not prove unacceptable. The house is built of brick and plaster and tiled. All the timber and floors are of fine old oak and the staircase, also of oak, is an exceedingly good type of old farmhouse work. It was formerly known as Wards, no doubt after a John Warde of Woolpit, who held land in the immediate neighbourhood, 27 Hen. VIII., and at one time or another seems to have lived here. The road from the Hitcham highroad passing the Stone Farm, in early days no doubt went up to the Butterfly, and in ancient documents is described as " the way to a tenement called Wardes " [21 Jac. I.] and later as "the way leading to a tenement belonging to Sir Roger North." In more modern times the house was known as Boggasis, then as Coopers, and has now settled down to the " Butterfly." It is well situated on the top of the hill, part of the land bordering on Cogman's Lane, and the view from the house is exceptionally fine and extensive. In recent years it has been occupied as Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 24 History of the Parish of Buxhall two tenements, but is now reconverted into one. It is probably the house men- tioned in the will of William Copinger, Sept. 3, 1436, which he devised to his brother John Copinger under the description of " a tenement called Cordes in Finborough Magna." In the middle of the seventeenth century the freehold occupied with the house and being in Great Finborough belonged to John Ransford of that place, whose son and heir, Thomas Ransford, of Bury St. Edmunds, conveyed the same by deed dated the 27th of Dec, 168 1, to Richard Helmes in trust for Richard Short, who with Richard Helmes and Mary his wife, Robert Helmes the trustee and Jane his wife, conveyed the same by deed of the 5th of Dec, 1704, to John Boggas. Seven acres of this farm which are copyhold are mixed with seven acres which are freehold, and this latter portion did not come from the Ransford but from the Durrants ; for it was acquired by deed of the 15th of June, 1697, by Richard Helmes in trust for Richard Short from John Durrant the elder, of Great Finborough, yeoman, and John Durrant the younger, cooper, his eldest son, and Robert Sparhawke, of Mendlesham, yeoman. John Boggas, who purchased the freehold as above mentioned, certainly had the Butterfly tenement itself, which is copyhold of the Manor of Finborough, with Cant- low and Addershall, for he left it by his will to his nephew, Edward Boggas the elder, who lived at Weeley, in the county of Essex. In 1739, on the marriage of Mary Boggas, his daughter, with Thomas Everard, of Brightlinsea, in Essex, he conveyed the freehold and covenanted to surrender the copyhold by deed of the 1 6th of Dec, 1739,' to his son Edward Boggas and Robert Everard, as trustees for Thomas Everard and his wife and the survivor, with remainder to the use of the heirs of their bodies as Thomas Everard should by will appoint, with remainder to Edward Boggas the elder in fee. Thomas Everard by will dated the 23rd of Nov., 1755, left his property, after the death of his wife, to his son John in fee, and both wife and son were admitted to the copyholds Jan. 9, 1772, on the surrender of Edward Boggas, who had been admitted as heir-at-law of his father for the purpose of making such surrender. The copyhold part to which admittance was granted consisted of 20a. 2r. Upon the death of Mary Everard and John Everard, the property passed in moieties to the two sisters of the last named — that is, to Mary, the wife of the Rev. Thomas Warburton, and to Elizabeth Everard, who were admitted to the copyhold portion the 26th of June, 1786. Mary Warburton died in 1802 and her ■ The surrender was actually made the nth of" June, 1756. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 225 son, the Rev. William Philip Warburton, who was admitted 30th of April, 1803, by his will of the 31st of Dec, 1818, in which he is described as of Lydd in Kent, left his Suffolk property to his wife Elizabeth for life, and afterwards to his daughter Elizabeth Mary Moore Cobb Warburton in fee. As Elizabeth Everard left, by her will of the 20th of April, 1840, her moiety to her great niece, the first moiety to which she had been admitted 26th of July, 1824, became united to the other moiety to which she was admitted the loth of July, 1841. Elizabeth War- burton and her niece sold the estate in 1845 *° the late Copinger Hill, who was admitted to the copyhold portion the 13th of Jan., 1845. The property, both free- hold and copyhold, is now vested in the writer, who has recently restored the old edifice. A piece of land of 9 acres and a house standing on it, known as Cogmans, probably forming part of this farm but not absolutely identified, was copyhold in the time of Queen Mary, and was the inheritance of Robert Martyn. He sold to Robert Warren and Elizabeth his wife, who were admitted Oct. 8, 4 and 5 Phil, and Mary. Elizabeth died, and Robert Warren surrendered April 10, 2 Eliz., to Henry Copinger, the then lord of the Manor, when of course as copyhold Cogmans cease to exist. The tenement has long since disappeared, but it is clear that it stood on the Butterfly side of Cogman's Lane. (/) Kennetts. The description, 2 Eliz., was : " One tenement called Kenetts containing i acre and J pasture lying between land of the Manor of Buxhall and the road called Churchstreet one head abutting on land," etc. It was copyhold of the Manor of Buxhall. The property being in the busiest part of the village considerably changed its character shortly after the time of James I., and we find in 1630 the description was : — " All that messuage or tenement with the appurtenances late in the occupation of Edward Jacob being parcel of the tenement called Cannetts or Kennetts (now divided into 2 tenements under one roof, one in the occupation of Thomas Hatchett and the other in the occupation of Edward Jacob with one acre and an orchard adjoining lying in Buxhall on the Highway there called Church Street toward the east and a pightile of land of John Salter towards the west, one head abutting on a curtilage of the Rectory of Buxhall towards the south and the other abutting on a tenement of Daniel Richer towards the north with a right of way over the pightile of John Salter and of water." 30 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 226 History of the Parish of Buxhall This property in Queen Mary's time belonged to John Rycher, who was admitted Sept. 30, 6 Mary, and April 16, 2 Eliz., sold to Richard Mare, who sold to John Salter (son and heir of John Salter, sen.), who was admitted, Sept. 30, 2 Eliz., and before June i, 22 Eliz., sold to Edmund Studd, who was admitted on that day. Edmund Studd, April 17, 6 Jac. I., surrendered to his son John Studd, who was admitted Sept. 30, 6 Jac. I. John Studd sold to Thomas Hatchett, Oct. 6, 1631, who, with his wife Diana, were admitted same day. These parties divided the property, selling one tenement to Edward Jacob, April 15, 1635, to which he was admitted Oct. 6, 7 Car. I. The other tenement was sold to the same person, April 15, 11 Car. I. Edward Jacob, by will, June 8, 1639, left the property to his wife Sarah for life, and afterwards to his son Thomas Jacob. Sarah was admitted Oct. 9, 15 Car. I., and Thomas the son April 4, 1643. The last Thomas having died, his son Thomas Jacob was admitted, Nov. 2, 1692. The ij acres then became divided amongst several tenements, three of which, and Barkers (also containing ij), Thomas Poole had on the surrender of Simon Jacob and Henry Crouth and Sarah his wife, at a court, Feb. 5, 1740, and sold, July i, 1767, to Henry Hill the younger absolutely, and he was admitted May 30, 1768. Another cottage (late a Pot Ash Office) was surrendered by John Brett to William Purcas, who was admitted, Nov. 14, 1701, and on his death his son, Israel Purcas, was admitted Oct. 22, 17 14, and his son Israel Purcas, May 6, 1723, who, June 27, 1743, sold to Thomas Ship, of Buxhall, " Innholder," who was admitted, August 8, 1743, and April 16, 1766, sold to James Purr, of Buxhall, smith, and Mary Eleanor his wife, who were admitted, May 30, 1766, and sold to the Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, May 28, 1789. The occupants were then William Spink, wheelwright, and William Thorowgood, labourer, and of the Pot Ash Office — Edward Pearl, weaver. The rest of Kennetts (from the description of the land those tenements nearest to the Rectory ground, but from the description of what stood on it those furthest away to the north) was surrendered, Sept. 2, 1742, by Simon Jacob to Martha Jacob, who was admitted, April 14, 1744, and by Simon and his wife sold April 5, 1758, to James Purr, who was admitted. May 26, 1758. On his death his only son and heir, James Purr, was admitted, May 27, 1806, and he, by will, appointed his son, James Purr, of Buxhall, blacksmith, and his daughter Emily Knevett, executors and trustees, and directed them to sell. Emily renounced and disclaimed, and James, the son, was admitted, Sept. 3, 1867, and Oct. 11, 1870, sold to the Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 227 Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the manor, with the additional description, "and do now consist of a Blacksmith's shop house cottages and premises in the several occupations of Harding and two others." Thus the whole of the above premises are now vested in the lord. (m) Barkers. One tenement, customary and heriotable, called Barkers, containing one acre and half, formerly a parcel of the land [in 1 6 1 6 this addition : " lying in the Church Strete in Buxhall aforesaid] called the Launde, lying in Buxhall between land of the Manor of Buxhall on both parts, one head abutting on the Church Street, and the other on land of the Manor of Buxhall, and also one other tenement customary with an orchard and meadow adjoining, situate in Buxhall. Rent 3s. 8d. as appears in Roll, April 2, 17 Jac. I." It was found, Dec. 9, 43 Eliz., that the above "not being ancient customary land of the lord of the Manor demised or demisable by Court Rolls of the Manor at the will or the lord, according to the custom of the Manor from time immemorial, but first granted by one Walter Copinger, gent., lord of this manor, at a court held Oct. 9, 12 Hen. VIII., to a certain Richard Revell and his heirs, to hold to the said Richard Revell and his heirs of the lord by Court Roll of this Manor at the will of the lord, according to the custom of the said Manor, at the yearly rent of iij'^ viij^, and by heriot and other services the said Walter's then estate and interest to and in the manor and lands, was for term of life and not otherwise." Richard Revel, 20 Hen. VIII., surrendered to John Salter, and his widow Agnes Salter, Sept. 30, 2 Eliz., sold to John Bridgge, who was on the same day admitted. He on Sept 30, 1608, surrendered to George Dickenson, clerk, by way ot mortgage, George Dickenson, on May 17, 16 16, surrendered conditionally to Ambrose Copinger, gent., one of the sons of Henry Copinger, lord of the Manor, and also later on March 22, 161 8, absolutely surrendered to Ambrose Copinger, who was admitted, April 2, 16 19. On July 18, 1620, Ambrose Copinger surrendered to Brigitt Kemboulde, spinster, who was admitted the same day. Brigitt married Peter Cranford, of Waterbelchampe, Essex, and together they sold to Anne Deresley, daughter ot Thomas Deresley, of Foxhearth, who, being under age, was committed to the guardianship of her father, who paid the fine. Anne Dearsley, Oct. 18, 1637, sold to Henry Barton, who was admitted April 5, 1638, and sold, Oct. 9, 1639, to Richard Crosse, who was on that day admitted. He surrendered conditionally on Nov. 3, 1652, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 28 History of the Parish of Buxhali to Thomas Hovell, otherwise Smyth, of Great Ashfield, gent., who was admitted April 1 6, 1655, and Feb. 5, 21 Car. II., sold to Henry Cozens, who was admitted April 5, 1670. Henry Cozens, by his will, Oct. 26, 1672, left the property to his son, Henry Cozens, who was admitted May 16, 1673, and sold to Thomas Jacob. Thomas Jacob devised to his son, Thomas Jacob, who was admitted July 26, i Will, and Mary, and by will dated April 26, 1695, left the same to Sarah his wife for life, for the bringing up of his six youngest children, and she was admitted Nov. 20, 1696. The gift in the will subject to Sarah's life interest was to the children, who were Simon and Sarah, for we find that at a court, Feb. 5, 1740, Simon, Jacob, and Henry Crouth, and Sarah his wife, surrendered to Thomas Poole with the property known as Kennettes, who, July i, 1767, surrendered to Henry Hill the younger, of Buxhali absolutely, and he was admitted May 30, 1768. The property now forms part of the Buxhali Estate. (h) Fryers. Description 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary : " One cottage with garden to the same parcel of the tenement Fryers with the appurtenances in Buxhali, late of Edward Ellis, containing by estimation one rod, and lying between the highway called Church Street on the one part, and land of the Manor of Buxhali on the other part, both heads abutting on lands of the manor aforesaid, held by vii"* rent per annum, which Henry Recher had after the death of Martin Recher, his father, in the 35th year of Hen. VIII." Description /. Car. I. : "One cottage and one orchard, customary and heriotable, with a small pond in the said orchard, formerly parcel of a tenement called Fryers, lying in Buxhali between the highway called Church Street on the east, and land, late of John Salter, on the west, one head abutting on land late of the said John Salter, towards the north, and the other head on orchard late of Edward Studd, towards the south. Rent vij''." Martin Recher had the above in the time of Henry VIII., and on his death his son Henry Recher was admitted 35 Hen. VIII. Henry Recher died, and was succeeded by his son and heir, Richard Recher, who was admitted Sept. 30, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary. Daniel Recher, Oct. 8, 20 Eliz., surrendered to Henry Richer (sic), who surrendered to his brother Daniel Richer, who was admitted April 13, 22 Eliz. Daniel Richer, son of Daniel Richer, was admitted to above (and another piece) April 29, i Car. I., and surrendered the above only to Thomas Crosse, of Buxhali, who was admitted April 22, 2 Car. I. Thomas Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 229 Crosse, July 19, 1637, surrendered to Elizabeth his wife, who was admitted April 5, 1638, and together they surrendered to Henry Barton, who was admitted, and who, April 5, 14 Car. I., surrendered conditionally to Thomas Crosse and Elizabeth his wife, and the heirs of Thomas, and both Thomas and his wife were admitted April 25, 1639, and at same court sold to Abraham Rudland, who was at the same time admitted. Abraham Rudland, by his will, Jan. 23, 1650, devised "his tenement in Buxhall, where William Sanders dwelt," to his granddaughter, Martha Rudland, who was admitted April 24, 1660. She married Benjamin Brett, and surrendered in, 1670, to self and husband for life, with remainder to use of the heirs of the said Martha, and Benjamin Brett, the husband, was admitted August 15, 1670. On the death of Benjamin and Martha, the son and heir, Benjamin Brett, was admitted Nov. 2, 1692, and on his death John Brett was admitted Nov. 20, 1696, and he, Nov, 24, 1696, surrendered to William Purcas, of Finborough, the house then being in the occupation of Thomas Parker, and Wm. Purcas was admitted Nov. 14, 1701. John Brett, July 9, 1697, surrendered all his lands to use of said John and Elizabeth his wife during life, and then to his son, John Brett. There seems to have been certain claimants under Benjamin or John Brett, for Feb. 7, 1717, there was a release from Robert Taylor and Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heir of John Brett, in respect of what Samuel Purcas had been admitted to, Dec. 17, 1706, on surrender of John Brett and Elizabeth his wife, and again Feb. 8, 1717, by Benjamin Brett. Rosa Baldry was admitted August 16, 1725, and she and her husband, John Baldry, of Darmsden, yeoman, sold, July 15, 1731, to Judith Leaver, of Bury St. Edmunds, spinster, who was admitted Sept. 6, 1731. Judith married John Mayer, and he was admitted Nov. 21, 1738, and sold to Thomas Poole, of Buxhall, yeoman. May 26, 1758, and he, Jan. 26, 1769, sold to the Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, absolutely, as is recorded, in a court held August 16, 1770. Fryers still forms part of the Buxhall Estate. (0) Farthings and Cleves. " Two messuages and one curtelage to the same belonging, called Farthings and Cleves, containing in the whole 3 rods and 10 p., bond and heriotable, with the appurtenances lying in Buxhall, between the highway called Church street on the north, and land of the Manor on the south, one head abutting on the said Manor of Buxhall [in the tenure of Agnes Salter] on the part of the west, the other Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 230 History of the Parish of Buxhall head on the said street on the part of the east, and one piece of meadow bond and heriotable, containing i acre, lying in Buxhall, between land of the Manor on all sides, one head abutting on land of the Rectory of Buxhall on the south, and the other head on the said messuages called Farthings and Cleves, on the north," at rent of ij% part of a rent of iiij^ payable out of this and the said premises of John Studd. Elizabeth Cage was seised of Farthings and Cleves only, not the acre of land, for life, with remainder to Robert Cage. Robert Cage sold the reversion to John Southwell and Francis Sone, Esquires, who before surrender sold to Francis Bacon, gent. No one came to be admitted and .the lord seised, and July 22, 2 Mary, granted same out of hand to the said Francis Bacon, rent iij'' ij''. Francis Bacon, gent., surrendered to John Richar, Sept. 30, 2 and 3 Phil, and Mary, and he surrendered Oct. 2, 4 and 5 Phil, and Mary, to Richard Richer who died before Oct. i, 7 Eliz., as on this day John Richer, his son and heir, was admitted. He sold to John Salter, son of John Salter, sen., who was admitted Sept. 30, II Eliz. (? rent 3s. 2d.) John Salter surrendered Sept. 30, 5 Jac. I., to his son and heir, John Salter, who was admitted the same day. One tenement now occupies the site of Farthing and Cleves, and till recently was used as the Parish Room. It is part of the Buxhall Estate. (p) Mill Cottages. Cottage on Waste Mill Green. " A cottage newly built by John Wade on the waste of the lord, with a garden to the same adjoining, containing, by estimation, one rod of land, lying and being in a certain way called Mill Street, in Buxhall, and now in the occupation of the said John Wade, and separate from the rest of the waste of the lord by a certain hedge and ditch, to hold to the said John Wade, his heirs and assigns, at the will of the lord, and according to the custom of the Manor aforesaid, at the rent of 2s. per annum, fealty and suit of court." Granted to John Wade and his heirs, April 15, 1635. ^^ ^'^ death John Wade, his eldest son and heir, was admitted May i, 1657, and he, Oct. 7, 1658, sold to Helen Wood, spinster, who was admitted April 4, 1659. Probably to this, under the description of " one tenement formerly part of the waste of the lord of the Manor with an orchard containing i rod," Margaret Strange was admitted for life, April 22, 1685, and on her death her son and heir, William Strange, admitted Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 231 Oct. 18, 1698. Robert Strange was admitted Oct. 6, 1740, and sold to William Lambert, of Rattlesden, July 26, 1746, and he was admitted July 21, 1749. William Lambert by will, Feb. 22, 1770, gave to his son John the messuage in which he dwelt in Buxhall, and John Lambert was admitted August 16, 1770. He, by will, March 14, 1794, gave the property to Hannah his wife, under the description of " all that his messuage or tenement wherein he then dwelt " for life, and after her decease to his daughter Hannah for life, with remainder to William Borley her son, if he survived her, and if he died in his mother's lifetime to John Borley, second son of testator's daughter Hannah. Hannah, the widow of John Lambert, being dead, Hannah Borley was admitted Sept. 21, 1813, and William Borley, the devisee in remainder, was admitted on the death of his mother, Oct 2, 1827, and Feb. 15, 1868, sold to Jacob Green, of Stowmarket, yeoman, who was admitted March 24, 1868, and Jan. '7, 1873, surrendered to John William Rouse, of Ipswich, in trust for the Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, the description then being, " All those four cottages or dwelling-houses situate in Buxhall, now or late in the several occupations of Dykes, Widow Parr Clarke and Smith with their respective yards gardens lands tenements rights licenses easements and appurtenances." Two of the cottages were pulled down and the two now standing are in the occupation of Walter Clarke and Buxton, and form part of the Buxhall Estate. {(f) Browns, " One tenement, customary and heriotable, called Browns, and 4 acres meadowe and pasture, lying in Buxhall, between land late of Edward Salter and land of this Manor, one head abutting on land of the said Edward Salter and the other on Broadbrook Street." In a court held Sept. 30, 16 Hen. VII., one tenement called " Browys," lying in Buxhall, late of Peter Nele, was granted by deed to Isabella Glan- vyle. She having been dead some years, in the i Edw. VI., John Glanvyle sold the property to William Childe, he paying to John Glanvyle 20s. a year for ten years, and allowing him to inhabit during life one chamber in the westerly part of the house, with full entrance and exit, and to take a moiety of the fruit of the garden and orchard. Under these conditions William Childe was admitted. He died before Sept. 30, i Eliz., and Daniel Child, his heir-at-law, being an infant of ten years, his guardianship was committed to his mother Dorothy. Jan. 10, 3 Jac. I., Daniel Child surrendered to the use of his will. By the will. Digitized by Microsoft® 232 History of the Parish of Buxhall dated Nov. 23, 21 Jac. I., hfc gave to Jane Rushe, his kinswoman, the wife of Edward Rushe, of Buxhall, his " copyhold tenement called Brownes, and 4 acres of meadow and pasture " for life, with remainder to Edward Rushe, son of the said Edward Rushe, and Mary Rushe, daughter of the said Edward, and their heirs for ever. Jane and Edward were admitted March 24, 22 Jac. I. Jane died before March 14, 1627, and Mary married John WoodrufFe. Edward Rushe and John Woodruffe and Mary his wife were admitted April 16, 1628, and they sold Nov. 8, 1630, to Edmund Murton and Elizabeth his wife for life, with remainder to Edmund the heir of the said Edmund, and they were admitted same day, and on April 20, 1632, surrendered to the use of the said Edmund Murton and Elizabeth his wife for life, with remainder to William Copinger, second son of the lord, and these were admitted April 23, 1634. At a court held May i, 1641, it was found that Edmund Murton had died, and Elizabeth held for life. William Copinger, who was then in possession, surrendered to use of himself and Mary his wife for life, and after the death of the survivor to the right heirs of William. Mary his widow was admitted Nov. 14, 1701, and the same day surrendered to Gregory Copinger, of Cockerells Hall, younger son of the said Mary, who was admitted at the same time. Gregory Copinger, May 23, 1709, surrendered to such use as Margaret Copinger, widow of William Copinger, clerk, deceased, brother of Gregory, might appoint, and in default to her and her heirs. Margaret by will August 2, 1 7 10, directed the property to be sold by her executors, her brothers Samuel Cracherode and Charles Cracherode, and Gregory Copinger, and the proceeds to be divided amongst her children. Under a certain deed of March 2, 171 1, Gregory Copinger seems to have become absolute owner, for on Sept. 3, 171 1, he was admitted, and by will, Dec. 22^ i739> devised to his daughter Sarah Copinger, who was admitted Jan. 14, 1744. Sarah married Thomas Moyle, Esq., and their son Thomas Copinger Moyle, was admitted April 8, 1765, and sold May 26, 1772, to Thomas Garner, who was admitted June 15, 1772. He by will of Jan., 1800, devised to his executors in trust to sell, and Thomas Fox, one of the executors and trustees, having been admitted August 26, 1803, sold to Thomas Stearn, who was admitted April 7, 1808. Thomas Stearn, Oct. 27, 1 8 14, surrendered to the Rev. Henry Hill, then lord of the Manor, and the surrender is recorded in the court held May 4, 18 16. Browns now forms part of the Buxhall Estate, and on its site stand two cottages, known as the Valley Cottages from being opposite to this farm. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Houses of Interest in the Parish 233 (r) RUDLANDS. This is a dwelling in Broadbrook Street, situate between the Valley and Coles Farms. The identity will be made clear by the two following descriptions, one of the dwellinghouse with the land then held with it in early times, the other in the year 1758. "One croft of land containing 3 J acres lying in Buxhall on the south side bounded by a messuage formerly of Richard Ellys late of John Studd and abutting on the highway leading to Fasbornes from the Church of Buxhall towards the east and one orchard or pightile of pasture containing half an acre [called Fundlings Pightill, containing 3 rods] lying on the north part of the said messuage. Rent 4s." Description in 1758: "All those 2 closes or pieces of land copyhold and heriotable lying in Buxhall between the Highway south east and the lands of Henry Hill clerk north west abutting upon the lands of the Lady of the Manor in part and the messuage and orchard [containing 3 rods] in part north east and the lands of the said Henry Hill south west containing by estimation 4 acres with the appurtenances And one Cottage with the orchard belonging situate between the Highway leading from Fashbornes Hall to Buxhall Church south east and the lands of the lady of the said Manor north west abutting upon the lands of the lady of the said Manor north east and the lands [containing 4 acres] south west containing by estimation 3 rods." It appears that the above was granted by Walter Copinger, then lord of the Manor, at a court held Thursday next, after the feast of Saint Leonard, 19 Hen. VIIL, to one Andreas EUyce and Joan his wife, and their heirs, at the rent of iiij^, to hold as ordinary copyhold land. At the time Walter Copinger had only an estate for life in the Manor. At a court held Dec. 9, 43 Eliz., these facts were found, and that the lands were not anciently held by Court Rolls, nor were they demised or demisable from time immemorial, and that one Thomas Rixbye had under colour and pretext of certain surrenders and admissions possession of the land. Under these circumstances at a court held March 29, i James L, Francis Copinger, the then lord, being seised in fee of the Manor, purported to confirm the original grant, but how he could get over the objection that the land was not " anciently customary land of the Manor demised or demisable by copy of Court Rolls from time whereof the memory of man runneth not to the contrary " — the legal phrase for the time of Richard I. — does not appear. Richard Ellyce had been admitted June i, 22 Eliz., on the death of his mother Joan, the original grantee, and he had surrendered to Thomas Rixbye, who had been admitted August 28, 40 Eliz. On Sept. 31 Digitized by Microsoft® 234 History of the Parish of Buxhall 30, 6 Jac, Thomas Rixbye, jun., sold to John Studd, and he was admitted. On John Studd's death Anna, wife of Henry Syer, Katherine Studd, and Mary Studd, his three daughters and co-heiresses, were admitted April 20, 1632. These surrendered conditionally to Abraham Rudland, who was admitted May 25, 1632, and he by will, Jan. 22, 1650, devised to Margaret Rudland, his daughter, the property by the description of the tenement and lands wherein he then dwelt, and she was admitted April 29, 1660. Andreas Rudland and Anna his wife, Oct. 27, 1699, sold to William Badcock, of Ringshall, who was admitted Nov. 14, 1701. He died leaving his only sister Mary his heiress, but she took under his will, and on her death Elizabeth Porter was admitted Nov. 11, 1728, and she sold Sept. 27, 1748, to John Edgar, of Great Finborough, gent., who was admitted July 21, 1749. Rudlands now forms part of the Buxhall Estate. Buxhall. Yont . Digitized by Microsoft® CHAPTER VIII Early Wills with Extracts so far as they Relate to Land in the Parish and have not been previously given Translation of Will of John Copinger, 1441. IN the name of God, Amen. I, John Copenger of Buxhale, being of sound mind and perfect memory, this 19th day of July, 1441, make my Will in this way. In the first place I bequeath my soul to Almighty God, the Blessed Virgin Mary, and to all the saints, and my body to be buried in the Church of Buxhall aforesaid. Item, I bequeath to the high altar of the same Church for my tithes forgotten or too little paid and for the health of my soul iijs. iiijd., together with all the money to be found in the gilt vessel in the said house. Item, I appoint to be distributed among the poor on the day of my burial and on the seventh day next following xx^. Item, I appoint to Margaret my daughter, a nun, vjs. viijd., and to the monks of Thetford vjs. viijd., to brother Richard Dunham, iijs. iiijd., and to the Friars of Babwell iijs. iiijd. To Robert Frere, chaplain, 6s. 8d., and to Alice Rysby, my servant, 3s. 4d., and whatever residue there shall be of all my goods not bequeathed, and subject to the payment of my debts, I bequeath to Walter, my son, in order that my debts may be honestly discharged, and that this my testament and last will in every particular may be fulfilled in due manner, and for the procuring the execution of this my testament and performing my last will, I ordain, make and constitute those dearly beloved to me in Christ, William Copenger and Walter Copenger, my sons, and Master Thomas Hyll, clerk, my faithful executors, that they may be active and assiduous for my soul as may seem most expedient to them and pleasing to God. In Witness whereof I have affixed my hand and seal the day and year above named. This is the last Will of me, John Copenger of Buxhale aforesaid, the 19th July, 1441. In the first place I, the said John Copenger, will that my testament and the last will of Master William Copenger my brother be in all things performed. 235 Digitized by Microsoft® 236 History of the Parish of Buxhall Item, I will and appoint to Walter my son, all my lands and tenements, rents and services, with all their appurtenances in the Village of Buxhale, together with a certain rent which is called Welyrhinrente when it falls into possession, viz., after death of Katerine Samson and with a croft which is called Wodecrofte, lying in Rattlesden, when it falls in, viz., upon the death of Margaret Copenger, nun, to have and to hold the same to Walter, his heirs and assigns, for ever, provided the said Walter pay or cause to be paid to his brothers who live near London certain moneys as it appears more plainly in the last Will of the said William Copenger, and that the said Walter pay or cause to be paid in addition to Alicia Copenger my wife an annuity during the life of the said Alicia of 8 marks, usual money of England, at the Feasts of the Nativity of our Lord, at Easter, the nativity of St. John the Baptist and St. Michael's equally, and that the said Alicia have the chamber called the Chapel chamber, situate in the tenement called Fausebrounys with a certain chamber thereunto annexed for her proper use with free egress and regress to the same as often as she pleases for the whole life of the said Alicia, together with the utensils in the kitchen of the said tenement and likewise egress and regress to the hearth and to the pool there for drawing and having water with power to use the same and fish therein, and with liberty of going into the garden for taking fruit and herbs according as she pleases, and she shall also have an annuity during life issuing out of the said tenements so bequeathed to the said Walter during the aforesaid term. And I appoint to the said Alicia iiij beds which she shall choose, and the silver cup with one half of the 12 pewter vessels, together with all the vessels. . . . [Jnd after giving to the said Alicia a power of distress in respect of her annuity testator continues .■] Item, I will that the said Walter have a certain tenement called Smythes in Buxhall with the appurtenances. \Testator then gives the residue of his goods to his son William and continues ;] I appoint to the said Thomas Hyll, clerk, 13s. 4d., in order that he may pray for my soul, and to Thomas Drury, Esq., 13s. 4d., and to Master John Howard, clerk, 13s. 4d., and they shall have what may be necessary in order that they may carry out my testament and my will faithfully. Item, I appoint to Master John Cauts'b chaphn, 2od., and to Master Roger Pryk, chaplin, xxd., and to Richard Scheltun lod. Item, I bequeath to the Guild of the Holy Trinity and to the Guild of Corpus Christi and to the Guild of St. John the Baptist, to each of them i bz. of corn and i bz. of malt and oats. I appoint to John Teryng out of the debts which are owing to me 20s., and I appoint to John, my servant, a cloak of the best, to Nicholas Barbar a cloak double, to John Oseberde, jun., one cloak fine, and one mourning, to John Creketot a tunic Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Early Wills with Extracts 237 with short sleeves, and John Oseberde senior a , to Thomas Gold a tunic with fur, I to William Orybelle a hood, i bz. of corn and one bz. of malt, to Richard Jarge (?) a tunic with hood, and to Agnes Joyce linen which she owes to Alicia my wife. Item, I appoint to Simon (Rolande ?), to John Baron, to Agnes Canon, to Alice Foot, Alice Baron, Margaret Gold, Agnes Beneyt and to Alice Osebode, to each of them i bz. of corn. In Witness whereof I have to this my last will set my seal. Given on the day and at the place and in the year of our Lord above written. William Belts, of Boxwell (sic) (1551) : — " My soul to God my father, trusting only to be saved by his mercy in the death of Jesus Christ in his sacrifice only." To Anne, my wife ^^6 13s. ^d. and her apparel and half my household goods, the other half to be divided between my son John and my dau' Agnes. My manor in Boxall called Cokerellis to be let for three years to pay debts. I will that John my son shall have it at the same price George Saulter hiered it of Master Symonde and all my corn and cattell to my son John, to pay my debts with the ferm of the manor, and my wife's dowry. If son John die a.nd no will made, then my dau"^ Agnes to enjoy the same and if she die then William Betts of Hadnam to have the lease of the manor and corn and cattell. To my dau"^ Agnes ;£ioo (^5 a year until the ;^ioo is paid). To my son John and his heirs my manor of Cokeralls in Buxsall and in default of heirs to my dau" Agnes. Residue to my executors who are my son John and dau'' Agnes and William Betts of Hadnam " myne good cosigne " and my brother Lowdall of Dysse to be supervisor. " Witness that this is my last will I Willm. Betts of Boxsall have wreten this w* myne owne hande the daye and yeare abovesaid." Dated August 6 in 5"^ Edw. VI. Proved last April 1552 at Norwich by John Betts, power reserved to the other executors. (Epis' Cons" Court of Norwich. Register " Lyncolne," fo. 25.) Roger Salter of Buxall, co. Suff'' Shomaker : — My soul to God and my body to be buried in the Churchyard. To the poor men's box 12''. To Margaret my wife, house and land in Buxall and Fymbarowe for life, to bring up my children. Digitized by Microsoft® 238 History of the Parish of Buxhall My house in Great Fynbarrowe called Engors and lands thereto belonging to wife for life and then among my children. To my son George, my house in G' Finbarowe called Engors, he paying his sisters Martha Salter and Rose Salter £^ each. To my son Thomas, my house in Buxall he paying his 2 sisters ^^lo each. Residue to wife Margaret, and W"" Syer and Robert Selowes alias Smythe executors. Dated xxxix. {sic) August 1566. Proved July 4, 1567. (Cons. Court, Norwich, Register Bunne, fo. 12.) Will of John Crosse, Oct. 16, 14 Eliz. : — Devise to Anne Doggett and Katherin Crosse of two tenements in Buxhall called the Marshe and ffrotes (then in occupation of John Able) for their lives and after decease of Anne her part to go to John Doggett her eldest son in fee. Will of Edward Bradstreet, Sept. 3, 15 Eliz.: — Gift of tenement in Buxhall to Margery Bradstreet until Thomasyn his daughter should attain 21, and if Margery his mother died before daughter attained 21, to his brother John Bradstreet until she did attain that age. Will of Henry Crampton, April i, 1574 : — Reciting his wife with child — if man-child gift to him of all freeholds and copyholds in fee, but until 21 executors to take rents. If wife not delivered of a man-child executors to sell and proceeds to be divided between children on attaining 21. And reciting that John Asshold had sold to him certain copyholds in Buxhall " held of Mrs. Coppynger wydowe " as of Manor of Buxhall, he directs that if John pays a certain sum he may repurchase, but if not then to go with rest of his estate. Will of John Pylborowe, Nov. 12, 22 Eliz.: — Gift to his mother Alyce Grymsey of copyholds in Buxhall and fFynborough ' for life, she paying to his brother William Pylborowe 205. and after her death to said William Pylborowe, he paying to Alice his sister all gifts made to her by will of William Pylborowe testator's father. Gift to Alice of 33J. 4^. to be paid by William within 3 years after his mother's death. Gift of 33J. 4^. to such of " my Brothers and sisters ye children of Robert Grymse my father in law," to be paid to them by his brother William Pylborowe after his mother's death. ' He owned Payne's Croft and Benet's Meadow, having been admitted April 13, 22 Eliz. Digitized by Microsoft® Early Wills and Extracts 239 Will of Gefferye Creeme, of Buxhall, co. Suff', yeoman (1595): — To be burled at Buxhall or elsewhere. To poor of Buxhall 50s. and Hytcham 50s. To John Bun, of Layham, 20s. which he oweth me. To Drinkeston poor 30s. To Dorothy Creeme, dau'- of my son Roger, a newly built tenement in Hytcham. To Roger, my son, copyholds in Hytcham. To Edmund Creeme, a tenement in Polstede when 24 — (a son of Roger). To JefFraye Creeme, son of s"" Roger, land in Brettenham (bought of Mr. Nune, of Pyckenham, Norf''), when 24. To Henry, Roger, and William Creeme, sons of my son Roger, ^^20 each when 22. To Joan Creeme, dau"^- of my son Roger, ;^io. My son Roger Creeme to be my sole executor. Geo. Dickinson, parson of Buxhall Will. Grynwode, of Hycham - Witnesses. Willm. Jowre and John Sellowes the younger of Fynbarrowe^ Dated Feb. 8, i595-(6). Proved March 17, i566(-7), at Norwich. (Episcopal Consistorial Court of Norwich : register " Skyppon," fo. 312.) Will of Thomas Laman, Feb. 16, 1589 : — Gift to Bytteresse Laman, his wife, of copyholds for life, and then to Henry " Lawman " his son in fee, she the said Bytteresse keeping houses in repair, and when Henry comes into possession he paying unto testator's other seven children 20s. and to testator's grandchild 2s.' Will of Robert Rydnall, March 16, 40 Eliz. : — Body to be buried in churchyard of Buxall. Gift to poor people of Buxall of 20s. at his funeral. Gift of a " Redd Cowe wch is kepte with my sonne Richarde at Mendlesham to my dawghter Christyan Rydnall." Gift to each of children of sons Richard and Edward of 6s. 8d. and for payment to children of Richard tes- " The copyholds were 8 acres anciently called Small Hobbyes in Finborough Magna in a certain field called Copinger field, to which Thomas Laman was admitted May 30, 35 Hen. VIII. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 240 History of the Parish of Buxhall tator pardons him 40s. he owed. The rest (except one posted bed which he gave to son Robert after the decease of his mother) to Christyan his wife whom he appointed executrix. Signed in presence of George Dyckenson, clerk and parson of Buxall, Roger Greame and Margery Drake and others. " Memorand' : That the goodman Roberte Rydnall sen. acknowledged before vs the said wytnesses that the table in the hall with one cubborde in the chaumber are the goodes of his dowghter Xpi'an geiuen her by her grandmother and godfather Roberte Ynnes of Woollpytt. Item : I wyll that my dawghter Christian shall haue all such gooddes as weare myne at the tyme of her moother's death and after her mother's decease the property wherof is not altered or chaunged and not beinge spente by her said mother." Agnes Copinger, 1599 : — Extract : " My mynde and will is that my nephew ffrancis Copinger sonne of my Sonne Thomas Copinger shall haue two of my best beds whiche be in my house at Buxhall as they nowe be there, the other beds houshould stufs and other furni- ture whatsoeuer is remayninge at this tyme of myne in that my house at Buxhall I giue and bequeathe vnto Roberte Copinger my sonne. My best yellow cloake I give vnto my daughter Susan, the Ladie Clive my tufFed Tuffitie goune, my veluet kirtle and ouerbodie belonginge therevnto or which I vse commonlie with it. I giue vnto my daughter Elizabeth the wife of Richarde Lee esquire my lytle syl'ver boule or cup whiche Mistress Judithe Clive did giue me." Will of William Jower, Jac. I. : — Gift to Robert Sowthgate the younger of one half of the Marshe in Buxhall in fee upon condition that he pay to William Sowthgate his brother ^^5 within one year after decease of Robert Sowthgate the elder, father of the said Robert Sowth- gate the younger. But if not paid or Robert the younger die without issue of his body then that George Sowthgate son of William Sowthgate of Buxhall have in fee the said part of the Marshe groynd for ever. Will of Simon Maye, May 12, 19 Jac. J.: — Devise to John Maye his kinsman the sone of John May his brother dec. of his tenement called Barons wherein he then dwelt in Buxhall and all copyholds of Manor of Buxhall in fee after decease of Johan testator's wife. Will of Daniel Child, Nov. 23, 21 Jac: — Body to be buried in church or churchyard of Buxhall. Gift to Jane Rushe Digitized by Microsoft® Early Wills and Extracts 241 his kinswoman wife of Edmund (sic) Rushe of Buxhall of Tenement called Brownes and four acres in Buxhall for life and after decease to Edward Rushe son of said Edward Rushe and Mary Rushe daughter of the said Edward in fee. To Thomas Murton his kinsman 20s. and 20s. more in six years. To Edmond and Robert Murton his kinsmen 20s. each. To Samuel, Daniel, Jane and Frances Rushe, sons and daughters of Edward Rushe, 40.?. each. Residue to said Edward Rushe who is to be executor. Proved 29 [blank] at Finborow. (Epis. Consis. Court of Norwich. Reg. 1623, p. 169.) fFill of Richard Martin, May 9, 1631 : — Richard Martin the Elder of Buxhall, co. Suff'', yeoman, the unprofitable servant of God, weake in Body but of good and sound memorye. My body to be buried in Christian burial, when it shall please God to call me out of this transitory world nothing doubting but for his dere sonnes sake and infinite mercies and through faith in his Sonne Christ Jesus my only saviour mediator Lord and Redemer his meritts death passion and assention hee will receyve my Soule into his Glory and blessed Saints And as concerning my Body I doubt not but according to the Article of my faith at the greate day of the Lord and generall resarrection when all flesh shall appeare before the Judgment seate of Christ I shall receyve the same againe by the Almighty power of God wherewith hee is able to subdue all things to himselfe not a corruptable mortall weake and vile boddy as it is nowe But an Incorruptable Imortall strong and perfect Boddy in all things like unto the Glorious body of my Lord and Saviour Christ Jesus : — To Buxhall poor 13s. 4d. To my son Peter Martin, tenement, barns and yard &c., and my son Rich"*- Martin is to pay my, son Peter £2, in default my son Richard to have the tene- ment, barns, &c. To my son Peter all bonds and bills and one greate hutche being in the Parlor chamber and all goods in it. All moveable goods in house and elsewhere to my sons Peter and Richard equally. My son Peter to be sole executor and John Towler of Pakenham, supervisor. Bryant Parker, clerke 'i William Sander J Proved Oct. 7, 1631, at Norwich. (Episcopal Consistorial Court of Norwich. Register "Purgall," fo. 122.) 32 Digitized by Microsoft® 242 History of the Parish of Buxhall IVill of Robert Rydnall, Nov. 7, 1631. "■Item. : I giue and bequeath all my coppiehold land lyeing in three pieces wherof two peeces are holden of the Manner of Buxhall and thother peece is holden of the Mannor of Cockerells. All wch land lye in Buxhall wch I giue unto John Rydnall (sonne of Robert Rydnall of Mendlesham in the Countie of Suffolk yeoman) and to his heirs for euer." Will of Edward Crosse, Feb. 22, 11 Car. I.: — Direct that executor within one year after his decease sell all his copyhold land and tenements in Buxhall and that the proceeds be paid to " Three of my heirs and children." Appointment of William Greene as executor. [Vill of Robert Garner, Aug. 15, 1637 : — Gift to Jeremye Garner, his second son, in fee of tenement and lands in Buxhall as well freehold as copyhold, and then in occupation of William Sweyne and William Fowler. Will of John Pilbarowe, Sept. 10, 13 Car. I.: — Gift to Anne his wife of tenement called Smythes holden of Manor of Bux- hall for life, and then to Richard Pilbarowe his son in fee. If Anne remarry gift to Richard to take immediate effect. Will of Thomas Lockwood, Jan. 4, 1646 : — Gift to his wife Anne of all copyholds in Buxhall for life, and after to be disposed of by executors amongst children equally. Gift of all lands and tenements to son Bernard, and appointment of said Bernard and wife Anne as executors. Will of William Carpenter, Oct. 24, 1652 : — Devise of copyhold tenement held of Manor of Buxhall to son William on condition of payment to Elizabeth, testator's wife, ^^14 yearly. Will of Nathaniel Maiden, Aug. 13, 1664 :— Gift to Abigayl Hassord, whom he intended to marry, of tenement in Buxhall for life, she lodging any children out of service, and then to John Maiden his eldest son in fee provided he pay testator's son Stephen and daughter Alice ;^5 a year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Early Wills and Extracts 243 fVill of Francis Brown, March lo, 1684 : — Devise to son William Brown of all freehold and copyhold in Buxhall in occupation of John Griggs after decease of Mary, testator's wife. Margaret Copinger, Aug. 2, 17 10: — Recites will of late husband William Copinger, Feb. 18, 1707, directing all his property to be sold in two years by Gregory Copinger his brother and testatrix in order to pay debts, and the residue to be for his wife for bringing up children, and death of William, August 3, 1707, being seised in fee of (amongst other lands) a Toft and Croft of land called Jarrolds Wood 7 acres lying between lands of William Copinger on the south and lands of diverse men on the north and upon lands there- tofore of Sir Roger North towards the east and upon the Queen's highway towards the west, and also seised according to the custom of the Manor of Rattlesden in reversion after the death of Mary Copinger his mother, and the testatrix of a messuage and 6 acres of wood and of a tenement called Parminsters 16 acres late of John Narsing and a pightle of land of 2 acres lying under the wood called Rattlesden Wood to which William Copinger was admitted Oct. 19, 1696, after the death of Thomas Copinger his brother ; and Reciting payment of debts and con- veyance of freeholds and reversion to Ezekiel Sparke of RIsby upon trust after death of Margaret and Mary his mother-in-law to sell again. And Reciting that Gregory Copinger May 23, 1709, surrendered two copyholds of Buxhall Manor, and a copyhold tenement called Brownes and 4 acres to the uses of her Will, Testatrix directed such copyholds to be sold by her Executors and the moneys received together with those received from the sale of freeholds and reversions above to be divided amongst her children equally. Gift to daughter Sarah of " downe ffeather bedd " now being in the Parlour chamber in her own dwellinghouse. Like gift to daughter Thomasine and another "iFeather bed," and to daughters Margaret, Elizabeth, and Anne of one feather bed each. Residue to be divided amongst the five daughters equally. Appointment of her brothers Samuel Cracherode, Charles Cracherode, and Gregory Copinger executors. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CHAPTER IX The Parish Registers THE Parish Registers of Buxhall to the year 1699 are kept in three books. The earliest is a parchment book measuring loj inches by 5J inches, and consists of 26 leaves or 52 pages, beginning January 6, 1558, and ending May 16, 1 653.1 It is well preserved and in a tolerably clear hand, evidently the entries previous to about 1600 have been transcribed from some earlier Register. The second Register commences November, 1653, when William Salter was appointed Registrar. This volume is a quarto parchment of fifteen skins of thirty pages of entries, mostly in double columns. One corner has been eaten away by some destructive insect or by mice, and the parts gone will in the following copy be indicated by dotted lines. The first page contains some names of the inhabitants of Buxhall by whom the Registrar was chosen, but many of these names are now illegible. The Register was correctly kept till the death of William Copinger, Rector in 1684, but from that date to 1695 the entries are but occasional, and many of them evidently entries made some time subsequent to the events recorded. The third Register (which is numbered i on the outside cover) is a smaller quarto of parch- ment consisting of nine skins or eighteen pages of entries, being from the beginning of the year 1695 to the month of July, 171 1. These also are made in double columns. There is a fourth Register from which but a few names have been taken. It is a paper small folio, being a Register " of the Names and qualities of the Persons who have been buried in Woollen in the Parish of Buxhall." This begins in 1694 and ends in 1731, and is endorsed on the cover, "Buxhall SufF. 1694. The Buriall Book." ' The Registers of some churches begin much earlier. By the Parish Register Abstract as given by Mr. Burn in his "Registrura Ecclesix Parochialis " it appears that there were Registers beginning in 1538, 8l2 (40 of these contain entries prior to that date); those beginning between 1538 and 1558 number 1822; those between 1550 and 1603, 244.8; those between 1603 and 1650, 969; those between 1650 and 1700, 2,757 '> those between 1700 and 1750, 1,476 ; and since then between 600 and 700. 244 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 245 A Register of all the Cristeninge Mariages and Buriales in the Parish of Buxhall from the FIFTH YEARE of THE RaIGNE OF OUR MOST GRAYOUS SovAIGNE LaDY OuENE ElIZABETH. Januarie vi"'. fFebruarie iiij"'. iiij. viij. xiiij. XX viij. April vii. X. xvj. Maye xix. June XXV. Julye xvij. August xvij. xvij. XX. XXV. xxviij. xxxi. September vj. xix. XX. October iiij. Nouember xxx. V. December vi. XV. XX vj. ffebruarie v. xij. xiiij. xvi. xviij. xxiiij. March xv. xxvij. xxvij. April ix. xi. xvj. xxiiij. Maye v. Buried. Anno Domini 1558. Robe. Deucrus, Buried. Robt. Baker sonc vnto Edmund B. Babtiscd. William Bradstret Buried. Anne Leach daugtte of Rich. Leach Babtised Alys Deuerous wyfe of Robt. Buried. John Copinger sone of Henry, Babtised. Margerye Morton wyfe vnto Robt. John More Robt. Jacob sone vnto John Jacob Agnes Maye wyfe of William Maye Thomas Stone Margery ffrancis Robt. Smith Agnes Passevant Thomas Kendall Anne Kysse wyfe of William Kysse Jone Joye Robt. Crosse John William Pylbarrow Margaret Bret daughte of William Babtised Margaret Knocke 1 Rose Gage Wedowe j Henry Marten sone of Robt. Marten Baptised. Edmond Marten sone of Robt. Marten \ Henry Marten sone of Robt. Marten Thomas Crosse Alys Leach daughter of Rich. Jone Baker wyfe of George Baker Jone Spynke wyfe of Rich. Spynke Tobye Cage sone of William Cage baptised Tobye Cage sone of William Buried. Jone Salter daughter of Gregory Babtised. Elizabeth Smyth wyfe of Robt. Buried. Buried. ► Buried. Buried. Anno Domini I359' Anne the wyfe of John a Wod Geffery Stebbinge Anne Salter daught' of John Salter "j Rose Maior daught' of ffremey Maior I- Babtised. Thomas Salter son of Rog' Salter / Edmond Spink buried. Edmond Coppinger sone of Henry Babtised. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2^6 History of the Parish of Buxhall Maye vij. ix. xvij. xxj. August xxi. XX vij. September xxiij. XXV. XXX. October xi. Nouembcr xxv. XXX. December iij. vj, Jauuaric x. xix. xxv. ffebruarie xxv. March xvi. xxi. xxi. xxiiij. Buried. John Sire and Katheren Salter married. Theomas Lettice Buried. Margere Jacob daugh' of John Babtised. Rich. Bond and Katheren lambe Married Katheren Cristifer John Salter Margaret Bonde Babtised. Katheren More "| Thomas ffrancis - Buried. Jone More wyfe of Rich. More j John Wyssc and Agnes Hagon married. John Marchall and Eliz. Jo'' married. Clement Baker John Wode Agnes Brester Rich. Bonde John Sharppe Cristian Goddart Babtised. Robt. Bret. ^ Margere More Terla Smyth John Deuerous Buried. Buried. April vij. xiij. XX. xxiiij. Maye xij. xxvj. Julyc ij. August ix. September ij. XV. xix. October xiij. xiij. xviij. November iij. V. vij. December xxv. ffebruarie xv-. ^n»i! Domini 1560. Dorothe Bret Babtised. Edmond Skepper Babtised. Agnes Smyth "\ Roger Bradstret V Buried. Elizabeth Watson j Charitye Bond Babtised. Rich. More and Alys Morton Married Ceryle Morton 1 _ . , A J £. 1 \ Buried. Andrew Salter J Robt. More and Margaret Crowne \ John Myxforth and Agnes Elys Thomas Smith and Margaret Cage Andrew Knock and Agnes Grene. William Deuerous sone of Robt. Margaret Smyth daught' of Thomas John Losse and Marie Tayler William Burges and Alys Emmes Henry Rycher and Dorothy Parke / Thomas Tyre son of William Tyre Babtised Roger Grene and Helena Deuerous married. Married. Babtised. d. utnno Domini 1561. April xxj. Rose Salter daught' of George Buried. Digitized by Microsoft® i April xxvij. Maye iiij. June j. J- xij. August xviij. xxxj. xxxj. September j. vij. vij. xiiij. xvj. October xii. November ix. Maye ix. xxxj. September xx. April ix. ix. October xij. XXV. XXV. xxvj. November viij. xiij. xxix. December xiij. xxvij. Januarie iij. X. XX. xxiiij. March xiiij. The Parish Registers Elizabeth Spynke John Marten Susan Jacob daught" of John Jacob Thomasyng Baker daugh' of Edmond Thomas Richer sone of Henry William Pylbarrow Buried. John Burgct sone of William 1 William Pylbarrow sone of William J Agnes Burgett wyfe of William Buried Robt. Knock sone of Andrew Knock Elizabeth Murton daught' of Wat"' William More sone of Rich. More ) Elizabeth Murton Buried. Agnes Tayler daught' of Thomas Babtised. Thomas Branstone and Katheren Bond ^ 247 Babtised. Babtised. Babtised. Married. t/wwd Domini 1562. Robt. Murton and Dorothy Childe Ursula Bert daught' of William •> William Leach sone of Rich. Leach v Babtised. John Bret sone of Leanard Bret J Robt. More and Agnes Kenakers married. Jone Bert Buried. John Knock 1 t^ , . , i^ , c, \ Babtised. Martha Skepper J William Leach Buried. Elizabeth Coppinger Babtised. Henry Makyne and Agnes Baker married. Rachaell Maior William Smyth Susan Murton Anne Branstone Susan Murton ] John Dave J John Sellowes and Helena Makyn married. Rich. Marten sone of Robt. Marten Babtised. I Babtised. Buried. ^nno Domini 1563. April iij. Henry Richer Buried. Maye i. Phylypp Jacob sone of John Jacob ^^ XXX. Elizabeth Murton daught' of Water June vj. Agnes Deuerous daught' of Robt. Julye XXV. ffrancis Sowgate daught' of Henry September xxix, Anne Baker daugh' of Edmond October xvij. John Murton son of Robt. xxij. Robt. Grymsey and Marye Pylbarrow Married. Babtised. Digitized by Microsoft® 248 History of the Parish of Buxhall November vij. Robt. Rycher sone of Henry Rycher xxj. William Tayler sone of Thomas December v. Helena Syre daught' of William V. Edward Bret sone of Leanard Bret xvij. Katheren Burget Januarie viij. Edward Bret Buried, ffebruarie xxvij. Susan Richer daughter of John Babtised. Marche xxiiij. Cristifer Arnold Buried. Babtised. Babtised. April xix. Maye x. XXV. October xv. i. Januarie vi. vi. ffebruarie ij. xviij. XXV. Maye i. XX. June xij. xxiij. Julye i. August V. September xxiij. November i. XXV. December xvj. Januarie vij. XX. XX. ffebruarie x. Marche xiij. xviij. .Anno Domini 1564. Bratrix Osbowne Buried. Thomasynge Bert Babtised. Elizabeth Syre Wedow, Buried. Agnes Makyn "j Rich. Leach !- Babtised. Agnes Losse ) Agnes Knock wyfe of Andrew Knock Susan Skepper daught' of William Rych Richer. John Rushe sone of William Babtised. Buried. Babtised. Married. Anno Domini 1565. Dyna Smyth daught"^ of John Agnes Bret daughter of Leanard Paul Skepper John Jacob sone of John Henry Syre and Alys Jowre \ Edmond Studd and Anne Elys J Water Deuerous sone of Robt. Buried. Robt. Studd -1 Walter Copinger sone of Henry \ Babtised. Marie Richer daught' of Henry ) Bratrix Leach wyfe of Robt. Buried. Jane Tayler ffrancis Grynisey Andrew Branston Babtised. Agnes Salter Wedow Buried. Robt. Murton sone of Walt' Babtised. Babtised. f/«»» Domini 1566. Maye i. Edmond Makyn sone of Henry. V. Susan Sowgate daugh' of Henry, xix. Walter Skarpc and Jane Spynke married. xxx. Dorothy Bert Buried. June XV. John Brydgges and Margaret Hunt married. August xi. Jone Bond xviij. Dyna Syre Babtised. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers September xv. John Waller and Anne Reve married, xxij. Julyan Bert Babtised. October xij. Andrew Crowne Buried. xiij. Thomas Grene and Alys Ward xvij. Andrew Knock and Helena Trype November xiiij. Margaret Walker XXX. John Tayler sone of Edmond December xxij. Jane Brydgges daught' of John fFebruarie ix. Jane Burget daught'' of William xxvj. Helena Baker daught' of Edmond 249 Married. V Babtised. March xxv. Maye xiiij. xxviij. Julye vi. August xvij. September xxi. October xij. xij. December xxviij. Januarie xx: J[nno Domini 1567. Alys Leach daught' of Rich. Babtised. Thomas Passevant p'son Buried. Roger Salter Burred. Thomas Salter and Anne Salter married. Rosse Shrife daught' of Thomas Babtised. John Salter and Alys Gysborough married. Anne Grymsey daught' of Robt. ^ Edmund Murton sone of Robt. Thomas Makyn sone of Henry Henry Richer sone of Henry Babtised. Babtised. ^nno Domini 1568. Apryl iiij. Edmond Jacob sone of John Jacob xi. Thomas Tayler sone of Thomas Tayler xix. William Skepper \ Maye xiij. Thomas Brydges l Buried, xvij. Jane Brydges j XXX. Susan Syre daughter of William June vi. William Murton sone of Walter xxvij. Robert Leach and Jone Pearson married, xvij. George Spynke Buried. August i. Martha Salter daught' of Thomas Babtised August XV. Thomas Baker and Jane Salter October v. Robt. Wode and Jone Skepper November xiiij. Anne Brydges daughter of John Babtised. XX. John Able and Margaret Coockc married. December iiij. William Skarpe sone of Beatrice Babtised, XXX. ffrancis Maldine Buried. Januarie xvj. Agnes Baker daughter of Thomas xvj. fFrancis Studd daughter of Edmond ffebruarie xiij. Thomasyn Leach daughter of Robt xiij. Rosse Grymsey daughter of Robt. March iiij. Anne Beamys daughter of John Babtised. Married. \ Babtised. Digitized by Microsoft® 250 History of the Parish of Buxhall April xxiij. XXX. June V. X. Julye xxxi. September xxv. October xj. November xiij. XX. xxv. XX vij . Januarie i. vij. xxviij. xxix. fFebruarie xxviij. March viij. xviij. Maye xxiij. October xx. XX vj. November xiiij. xix. XX vj. XX vj. December iij. X. xvij. Januarie xiiij. xxj. Marche xxiiij. June xxviij. September xxiij. vij. vij. vij. November xvi. Januarie i. ffebruaric xvi. xix. March vij. ,Anno Domini 1569. Ann Rycher daughter of Henry Pernell Salter daughter of George Sara Makyn daughter of Henry Robert Sowgate sone of Henry William Osborne and Jone Jones Robt. Salter and Jone Colman William Burgys and Margaret Kyssc William ffowler and Jone Spynke Mary Able daughter of John Rebecka Deuerous daughter of Robt John Rushbrocke Buried. Thomas Bull \ Margaret Spynk j William Salter Buried. John Smyth sone of John Babtised. Margret Spynk Buried. Robert Murton sone of Robt. "1 Gregory Tayler sone of Thomas J Babtised. Married. Babtised. Babtised. Babtised. Anno Domini 1570. Walter Coppinger Buried. Elizabeth Beart Babtised. Elizabeth Beart Buried. George Dickenson and Eliz. Salter A John Salter and Jane Lever \ Married, Edmond ffrancis and Eliz. Smyth J John Doe sone of John Doe Dorothy "Syre daughter of William Dorothy Brydges daughter of John John Studd \ Babtised Anne Salter daughter of Thomas Susan Beamys daughter of Thomas Crystopher Grymsey Anno Domini l^JX. Margaret Bridges wyfe of John Buried. Adlard Newman Thomas Baker sone of Thomas Jane Murton daughter of Walter Bastcford Dericke Robt. Branson and Jone Wellam John Brydges and Eliz. Smyth Susan Abell "j . Susan Salter daughter of John J '^ Susan Salter buried. Thomas Sowgate Baptised. Bapti : maried. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 25' April vj. June viiij. September xv. October xij. xviij. November xi. XV. xxiij. Januarie xxv. XXX i. fFebruarie ix. xvi. March viij. Marche xxxj. Aprill xix. Maye xiiij. XXX. June xxvij. Julye iij. September xxij. xxvij. December xxvij. fFebruarie vj. vj- April xvij. xviij. XX vj. August j. October iij. iij. X. xxiij. November ij. December xij. XX vj. fFebruarie xj. xxj. XX viij. Marche xxiiij. Baptised. Anno Domini I572» Abraham Sergeant sone of Rich. Anne Salter daughter of George Susan Brydges George Bramys Abraham Seargent Buried. Martha Smyth Baptised. Alice Salter wyfe of Gregory Buried. Thomasine Salter Baptised. Jeames Passavant Buried. Francis Salter \ Anne Studd Daniell Richer [ Baptysed. Susan Makyn j Anno Domini 1573- Katherine Doe ) _ . , TTi-ii- o f Baptised. William Syre J Jone Leach Buried. Margret Mason Thomas Seargent Eden Mason Buried. Thomas Murton Baptysed. Eliz. Brydges \ g^^^j^j Robt. Spinke | George Murton Jane Salter daughter of George Thomas Salter sone of Thomas at y' farm John Grymsey j- Baptised. Bapt: Anno Domini 1574' Agnes Brydges daughter of John Edward Wode Henry Sowgate Edward Salter sone of John Martha Salter daughter of John fFrancys Branson Elizabeth Newman Robt. Myles and Pewnell Dove Henry Marsh and Katherin Salter Baptysed. Baptysed. maried. Anne Tayler \ m ] ^ ii,r 1 I Baptised. George Makyn J Edmond Baker Buried. Barbaric Edwards Baptysed. Robt. Deuerous | Walter Murton / Buried. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 252 History of the Parish of Buxhall Anno Domini 1575. Marche xxxj. Margrett Cuttynge "j XXX. Anne Bradstret \ Buried. Maye iiij. George Salter sen' / V. Martha Mann Baptysed. XXX. Margrett Bennet Buried. Julye iij. John Shipp and Susan Salter married. vij. John Salter sone of John at Church post-bapt. XX. Alice Crowe Buried. XXX. George Sargeant September xxix. William Rycher xxviij. Martha Studd Januarie v. Edward Salter sone of George \. Baptised, xij. Nathaniell Bramys fFebruarie xxj. Rich. Grymsey xxiij. Zacheos Smyth xxiij. Rich. Crowe Buried. March V. John Salter and Aldry Bette Maried. Anno Domini 1576. Maye j. xiij. June V. August ij. September iiij. viij. xviij. xxiij. November viij. October xxvij. Januarie xv. ffebruarie xiiij. xxj. March iiij. xiiij. xiiij. \ Baptised. Alice Salter George Bett George Clive and Susan Coppinger maried. Edward ffrancys \ Sebastian Mann I Lewes Wode [ Thomas Kempe / John Derbye and Martha Murton Thomas Downinge and Eliz. Benne Margerye Bradstret Buried. John Salter sone of John of Langham Bap Richard Syrc Baptysed. Mathew Dedham ] John Salter sen"' J Susan Salter daughter of Thomas '^ Robt. Smyth ] ^''P" Agnes Baker Buried. ■A Maried. Buried. Anno Domini 1577' Aprill vij. Robt. Derbye "j . XXV. Robt. Makyn j ^P"^*^ • Maye x. Judithe Armingcr xij. John Baker xij. Anne Martync xxxi. John Branson July xxviij. John Salter and Agnes Partridge maried. Baptysed. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 253 Baptysed. August xxij. John Doggett, Jun' Septem: xxij. William Kysse October xxvj. Jane Murton XX vj. John Smythe November iij, Alyce Smyth Buried. xvij. Eliz. Brydges daughter of John Baptised. xxix. Avice Salter of y° age of Ixxxxv Buried. December j. Amye Seargent Baptysed. V. Thomas Salter Buried. xix. Josua Clyve sone of George Clive Esqre Baptysed. fFebruarie ix. Eliz. Studd Baptysed. xiiij. Jacob Buried. xxij. Robt. Murton sen' Buried. March ix. Rich. Bell Baptysed. xiij. Eliz. Salter daughter of John E. Tayler Bap: Jnno Domim I578. Januarie xviij. Elizabeth Bradstret fFebruarie xv. Anne fFrancis xxiiij. Raulf Salter sone of John Jun' March ij. Robt. Losse Baptysed. Anno Domini 1579. Aprill V. Mathew Ellys Buried. July xix. Rosse Brydges "l xxvj. Dorothy Derick \ Baptysed. August ij. Edmond Gobbett j xix. Henry Coppinger and Anne ffysshser marr. xxiij. Elizabeth Syre Baptysed. September xv. Robert Brownrygge and Anne Salter maried. October xxv. Thomas Salter sone of John sen' Baptised. xxviij. Richard Ward Buried. fFebruarie viij. George Kysse Baptysed. Maye i. i. viij. June vij. August — . September xxij. xxv. December xviij. Januarie ix. Anno Domini 1580. Brydgett Baker Philipp Osborne Thomas Martine \ Baptysed. Margret Keble Eliz. Doggett ; John Levitt and Alyce Grymsey maried. Anne Bradstret ) _ John Salter sone of John Junr ) George Randall and Km. Raynold maried ed. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 254 History of the Parish of Buxhall Maye vij. vj- xix. June vi. XX. August xiij. xxiij. September iij. December xxx. fFebruarie xxv. Maye j. xxiiij. September xvj. November xviij. December iiij. November xxv. December xxiij. Januarie xiij. xiij. March xxxi. August xvij. September xxij. October xiij. November xvij. December viij. viij. Januarie xxij. xxij. ffebruarie ix. March xxij. March xxv. Maye xxvij. vij. November iiij. vijij. xvij. December vj. ffebruarie xiiij. March xxj. Anno Domini 158I. Agnes Randall Henry Beamys George Grace Wode Anne Suttlc Henry Coppinger sone of Robt. Henry fFrancys Dericke Ambrose Clyve son of George John Brydges Robt. Rust Anno Domini 1582. Dyna Sponer Anne Hart Jone Bradstret . Thomas Baker sone of Henry ( Robt. Salter sone of John Jun' 1 Will. Coppinger Agnes Murton Ann Richer daughter of Johii Anne Kysse Thomas Curtesse \ y Baptyscd. Baptis: Baptised. Anno Domini 1583. Ruthe Salter Baptysed. Wedow Crosse Buried. John Suttle \ Margarett Martyne \ Baptysed. Anthony Rycher j Eliz. Harlinge Buried. Susan Salter daughter of John "1 Jane Salter daughter of John Sen' Agnes Wode Thomas Doggett Thomas Bramys sone of Thomas Junior Bapty: Bapty: Anno "Domini 1584. Mary fFrancys • , Thomasyne Randall George Westapp Penelope Salter \ Baptysed. Dorothie and Jone Clcrke Anthony Coppinger Ann Skotte Edmond Alygood and fTayth Games marled. Anne Alygood alias Games Baptysed. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 255 Maye xxxi. June XX. XX. July xxxi. August iij. October x. xxviij. xxxj. September v. November xxj. December xxviij. fFebruarie ij. Jnno Domini 1585. Jane Curtesse "1 Henry Church J John Mannynge and Thomasin Baker "j . Thomas Rycher and Margret Bertt / John Osburne Buried. Annanius Smyth Baptysed. William Raynolde Buried. Jane Thostingson Baptysed. Marke Salter and Jone Syre maried. Susan Levytt "1 ^ , an- r Baptysed. Susan Loppmger J Gregorye Salter Buried. Jnno Domini I586. Maye iiij. William Veysey Baptysed. xix. Henry More and Prudence MurtO mar. June V. Ann Beamys daughter of Thomas Jun" xij. Cristian Church xij. Susan Smyth August xiiij. Rich. More sone of Henry October ij. George Bumstead Januarie xv. Hellen ffrancys March vij. Lyonell Salter Bapty : March xxvj. Maye xiij. August xxiiij. September ij. ffebruarie xj. fFebruarie xxv. Jnno Domini 1587 Dorothye Baker Agnes Dericke Alice Randall Judithe Coppinger Jane Williamson Jone Goldinge \ Baptysed. Aprill viij. viij. June xxix. September xv. October xxxj. Januarie ij. xij. xxix. fFebruarie ij. March xxiij. Jnno Domini 1588. Robt. Martyn \ Edward Bramys l Baptysed. William Tayler J fFrancys Kyttle Baptysed. Rich. Lucus Buried. Agnes Baker Buried Robt. Coppinger \ George More Henry Salter f Baptysed. Alice Derick Thomas Church Digitized by Microsoft® 256 History of the Parish of Buxhall Maye iij. xiiij. XV. Julye xviij. xxiiij. October V. November ix. December xxv. Januarie xxv. March viij. March xxv. Aprill ix. xxvj. Maye vj. December xij. Januarie xviij. fFebruarie xxiiij. xiiij. xiiij. March xiiij. Aprill V. v. Maye ij. ix. Julye iiij. August j. xviij. xviij. October x. November j. Januarie xvj. fFebruarie xxviij. Maye xxj. xxviij. xxj. xxviij. June iiij. Julye ij. Anno Domini 1589. John Abell Jone his wT'fe Jone Maior \ Buried. Agnes Martine Henry Spynke John Actor Thomas Smyth Thomas Sowgate Buried. John Tayler — Sturpe daughter of W" I Baptysed. j- Baptysed. Anno Domini 159O. William Goldinge Baptysed. Jane Brydges Buried. Edward Church Umphry Brydges Basse sone of Jane Dorothie Bramys Buried. Edward Leach \ Beatrice Rudland i Bapti: Susan More Abigaile Wade WeneiFrid Bond Edward Kettle Baptysed. Anno Domini I59I. Isack Warde ^ Henrye More John Bradstret \ Baptysed. Dorothie Robson John Sowgate George Austen Jone Martyne wyfe of Thomas John More sone of John Thomas Manninge John Baker son of John Mathew Churche Susan ffolkes Buried. Baptysed. Anno Domini 1592. Roger Goldinge \ „ , A J T \ Baptysed. Andrew Lucus J Roger Goldinge ^ _, , A J r f Baptysed. Andrew Lucus J John Salter and Agnes Percust John Andrewe and Alice Leach Ann Hunger Buried. maried. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® August xiij. September xxix. October iij. Januarie vj. fFebruarie xj. The Parish Registers 257 Eliz. Browne Thomas Tayler Eliz. Andrewes Henry Osburnc Eliz. Smyth Baptysed. Aprill j. iij- June j. Julye xxix. June 8. August xix. xxxj. October x. xi. xxj. November xviij. December xix. Januarie xiij. XXX. fFebruarie iij. March ix. Aprill ix. xxj. Maye v. June ix. ix. September xxviij. xxix. November x. December x. xiij. xxxi. Januarie xvi. fFebruarie iij. xviij. XX. xxij. xxviij. Baptysed. maried. Anno 'Domini 1593- Susan Church Baptysed. John Creme and Dorothie Syre maried. John Brydges Buried. Agnes Salter \ John More sone of [ Susan Bramys Thomas Skarpe / John Whyte and Eliz. Bradstret John Bennett and fFrancis Sowgate Myrable Martyne \ Nycholas Osborne \ Baptysed. Robt. Baker J John More sone of Henry Baptysed. GefFery Blindes and Thomasyne Bert mar, Marke Salter Baptysed. William Capron Buried. Anno 'Domini 1594. William Salter John Creame Margret Bumstead Anne Munninge Margret Butcher Eliz. Noone George Andrewes Eliz. ffolkes Bryggett Lucus Marke Goldinge Jane Osborne Eliz. Wade Mark Salter Thomas Church Rich. Humphry and Mary Salter maried. Eliz. Blyndes Baptysed. Thomas Doggett Buryed. Baptysed. March XXX. Aprill viij. Mothew Lucus Anne Murton Anno Domini I595' Buried. 34 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 258 History of the Parish of Buxhall. April xviij. xxvij. Maye j. ij- xviij. Catherine Smyth Penelope Salter daughter of The. John Bramys sone of Thomas Jun' Thomas ffrancys Brygett Lucus ] Buried. XlllJ. December xxj. xxj. xxij. Januarie iiij. X. Baptysed. June iij. William Syre th'elder f September iiij. Samuell Salter "j Susan Murton J Thomas Stannard and Ayre Goodwen ] . , , , TT ■ 1 Ai T f maried. John Hartinge and Alyce Lyvett j Thomas Butcher "1 Ann Derick John Gylbert J Baptysed. Jnno 'Domini 1596. ffebruarie ij. Anne Tayler xiij.. Roger Powellye XV. JefFrye Creame Buried. Baptysed. Anno 'Domini 1597. March v. Aprill X. xvij. Maye xxij. xxiiij. June V. September xj. xix. XX. October vj. xxiij. November v. December xiiij. ffebruarie xix. X xviij. xxviij. Alyce Baldry Rich. Pylbarrow Thomas Goldinge Susan Copsey Thomas Salter • Baptysed. ] Calebbe Wade r Baptysed. Lydya ffolkes j Catherine Leach Buried. George Creme Baptysed. Rich. Leach Buried. Eliz. Martine Baptysed. Rich. Bennett Buried. George Muskett and Rosse Brock maried. Eliz. Salter 1 „ ' Dorothie Whytt | ^^P'^^^'^" Nicholas Heiward and Wed" Rusk maried. Aprill xviij. xviij. September x. xvj. xviij. ffebruarie xj. xj. XX. Jnno Domini 1598. Henry Gylbert "1 „ 01 ni J ^ Baptysed. Sylvester Blyndes J John Doggett baptysed. An Taylor buried. Roger Robson baptised. Thomas Andrewes 1 ffrauncis Creme [■ baptysed. Henry Muskett j Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 259 t^nno Domini 1599- buried. August xiiij. Dorothie Churche 'j October viij. Prudence Moore J September 23. Henry Sowgate and Rose his wyfe maried. November 2. William Lucas babtysed. iFebruary v. Jane Wade ^ Marche 2. Gregory Taylor John Brundishe Ambrose Rudlands baptyscd. Anno Domini 160O. Maij j. Thomas Osburne bapised. June 29. July 14. September 16. 22. 24. 14. October ig. Robt. Rydnall Wedowe Murton Agnes Spinke y Buried. Thomas Salter Ursula Bridges Robt. Wade and Phebe Pearson maried. Thomas Goulde 1 , , Elizabethe Wade } '^^P^^^^^'^" Anno Domini 160I. Aprill 13. Elizabethe Sowgate baptised. June 21. Thomas Cricke and Elizabeth Smyth "i September 12. Thomas Bugg and Eliz. Bradstret ^ maried. October 4. Robt. Bond and Mary Jewett J September 27. Elizabeth Robson 1 September 30. Eliza Bert and Katharine Osborne J Januarie 25. Judithe Ray nam 8. Aldwie Martine February 5. George Beamire ^ baptysed. November 25. Jane Salter October 11. Alice Thomson buried. Anno Domini l602. Aprill 28. July xi. February 13. October 3. 13- June 27. Marche 23. Aprill 26. December 21. Elizabeth Baldwin "^ Anne Bugge James Crick Thomas Sowgate Marye Wade Robt. Murton Hellen Muskett Anne Studde Susan Gilbortc baptysed. Digitized by Microsoft® 2 6o History of the Parish of Buxhall November 17. Anne Whitlocke December 9. Wedowe Smythe January 25. Mary Lucus r buried. February 10. Anne Doggett Marchc 6. he Murton February 2. John Studd and Abygaile Pinson ") 20. Daniell Richer and Anne Burndishe j July XXX. XXX. August 7. September 25. 25. 26. October 9. November 9. December 25. 25. 26. January 8. 17- 20. Marc he 4. 5- 1604. 25. Aprill 15. 24. May X. xi. June xxiiij. August 23. 5'" September 2. December 2. xix. xiij. xvj. September 29. December 23. January 13. 17. fFebruary 2" 17- Marchc 3. 4- Anno Domini 1603. John Margera and Elizabeth Doe maried. Hellen Willson buried. John Robson and Margaret Ridnall \ . , TT Ti , , ,> 1 ( maried. Henry Barton and Jane Salter j Daniell Richer baptysed. Sym's Condall and Thomasin Salter maried. Hellen Muskett "j John Grigges ,- baptysed. Jone Wade / The wife of John Rayna \ Jone Wade - buried. Walter Kisse ] John Stockdalde and Anne Skotte maried. Eliz. Muskett baptysed. George Sargeant 1 Susan Gilbert. !- Vxor Georgii Beamire j buried baptised. Anno Domini 1604. William Cxonson ^ George Dickinson Thomas Creme John Salter j Robt. Salter \ Anne Woode V buried. John Robson j Eliz. Barton baptised. Richard Kempe and Catharine Thomson maried. John Gierke \ . William Robson J ^ Jane Webbe buried. Thomas Myller Richarde Gosse Henry Wade fFrauncys Sparke Henry Sowgate and Mary Drak maried. Rachael Gussc buried. John Studde baptised. John Studde Anne Studde buried. buried. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 261 Anno Domini 1605. May 5. Umfrey Taylor 1 u._.:_„. 13- Margrett Haywarde J ""pLi^tu, 25- William Robinson \ . . . Wedowe Spink j 25- June 28. John Grymsey and ~| . , n/r A f maried. Margaret May J 23- William Crick baptized. July 8. Margret Burrowe buried. September 29. John Hyem and Grace Woode maried November 29. William Grigges 7- John Wood November 23. Margaret Strutte Y baptized. Januarie 5. Margarete Sowgate 24. John Lucas 25. fFebruarye 9. Alice Andrewes 1 , . , ... _ \ buried. Alice Grymsey 24. Henry Cock and Anna Smythe maried. 2. Catharine Studde baptized. Marche 29. Mary Losse buried. Anno Domini 1606. 25. John Raynam baptized. Aprill 29. Joan Salter \ May 4. Henry Sowgate th'elder I buried. 23- Thomas Maken j 25. Henry Cocke baptized. July 13. Alice Glesinge baptized. September 7. November 5. Thomas Marten "1 , . , T.T • r buried. Susan Maior J • 5- Susan Maior bapized. December 10. Henry Cocke "1 . Prudence Richer J Aprill 6. Marche 7. 15- Mary Lucas ) , . , Robt. Syer | '^^P""^^" Anno Domini 1607. June 14. Sara Wade 26. Penelope Clarke 25- George Strutte July 28. Judithe Raynam • baptized. September 27. Margrete. Crick Richard Clarke baptized Octob 25. Margarete Jackson 9, 1607. 29. William Sowgate ' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 262 History of the Parish of Buxhall 5- Alice Strubbe buried January 2. 3- Margarete Osburne Joane Parkarde 'ebruary 2. 2. Henry Sowgate n ffraunces Goddarde 7- 14. 24. 7- 25- Anne Haywarde Ambrose Tayler John Maken Ely Hyem Thomas Makine ' } buried. baptized. May 24. June 17. August I . 5- February 29. July vj. September 16. November 22. December 3. January 30. June vj. Januarie 25. 25- jimo Domini 16IO. Walter Murton Rebecca Sowrgate Thomas Birde r baptized. George Syer Thomas Grigges Eliz. Murton Anne Osburne Alice Osburne r buried. Thomas [Penninge] John ribbe Samuel Smythe and Susan Mahowe John Smythe and Anne Salter Robt. Salter. maried. Anno Domini 161I. Mar. 22. Mar. 30. May 23. 24. 26. June I. 9- September 29. December 7. Ja. 29. Mar. 22. Sept. II. December 27. Ja. 29. febr. 14. Sept. 22. November 30. 30. Baptized. John Murton Robt. Salter Thomas Wade Edwarde Smythe Edmond Tricker Eliz. Cremc Richarde Hyem John Sowgate ffraunces Losse Richarde Losen John Murton Em. Sowgate Robert Bcamin Ux' Johis Rayna Stephe Ridatall William Wade and Mary Turnc ■> Thomas Penninge and Margaret Bird \ maried. Thomas Smythe and Eliz. Pcnnc J buried. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 263 Anno Domini l6l2. \ June 14. William Sowgate 21. iFraunces Syre July 22. Richard Birde Sept. 22. William Nun Octob. II. Mary Poole Novemb. 30. John Wade ^ baptized Decemb. i. Dorothy Creme 22. Edward Nunne Ja. 29. Judith Barton febr. 7. Martyne Smythe Mar. 21. Dorothy Hyem ' May 17. Robt. Ranson and An Wade 29. Robt. Marten and Dorothy Robson July 5. Jo. Kinge and Eliz. Dickenson Aug. 16. Joe Wade and Ruthe Salter October 24. Ge. Dickenson and Judith Kinball Apr. 25, 161 3. John Gloson and Eliz. Kinge Apr. 1612, 22. Eliz. Dickenson May 7. Wedowe Marten June 12. Agnes Salter 21. John Baker v Buried. November 2. John Bradstrete febr. 25. John Marten and An. Bart Maj-. 29. Martyne Smythe maried. May 23. June 9. 20. 22. 22. July 9. 13- 25- September 22. June 29. September 22. 28. October 16. 28. November 7. December 22. January 4. \ Anno Domini 1613. Martyne Wade Ely Salter Thomas Smythe John Salter Judithe Tricker V baptized. Richarde Syre Richarde Grigges John Strutte Martha Wade Richarde Smythe Ely Barton Abigaele Studde Ely Powley Jane Rushe \ Thomas [Martine] I baptized. Anne Smythe J Abraham Coricke "j Smythe J William Salter baptized. Ely Syre buried. buried. buried. maried. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 264 History of the Parish of Buxhall January 8. Susan buried 16. February 2. John Raudland 1 , . Mary CaufForde J P '^^ • 9- Rebecca Smythe mar. March 9. 13- Robt. Martyne "1 Margaret Smythe j ° ^»»ff Domini 1614. July 22. John Chondry \ Sept. 23. Prudence Umfrey Novemb. 25. Decemb. 20. John Smythe Mary Birde . baptized. 22. Margaret Penninge 27- Bridget Wade Novemb. 28. Eliz. Clarke maried October 7. i?,r^T } buried (161 5). William Jewer j Mar. 31. Sara Nunne 161 5' Sept. 4. 2. Jane Harling Jane Holife buried. 7- Marke Salter Novem. 9. The wife of Tobias Branson ' fFebr. 20. Robert Derrick 1-.1 idem. 26. Margaret Rise - Dl March 8. Thomas Baker ; Sept. 3. Daniell Pool Novem. 30. Robert Richer fFebrua. 18. William Wade I \ japtized. idem. 2?. Brigett Richen March 17. Mathew Bull Novemb. 10. Edmund Jacob and ) . , „ ^ } maned. Sara Stevens. ) I616. Juli 8. Alice Crosse Octob. I. Richard Grigge Novem. 19. Jone Clerk wid. Decem. 19. Dorithe Murton . Buried. idem. 25. Robert Crosse jaun. 25. Margaret Penning March 17. Thomas Coulson August 4. Thomas Pilborough ^ Septem. 4. Anthony Salter idem. I I. Brigct Jacob idem. 18. idem. 25. William Wade Ann Wade • Baptized. Octob. 7. Thomas Penning Decemb. 3. Elizabeth Smith January 25. Grace Birde buried Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 265 Aprill 26. May 7. 2«. June I. 15- July 8. August 31. May 12. 28. 30- June 2. 7- 9- 16. July 12. 28. August 4. September 20. 30- November 24. 29. January 19. 25. ffebruary 8. March 20, 1619. March 7. 14. 19. 30- Aprill 18. May 20. June i. 24. buried. maried. babtized. Anno 'Domini 1617 Isble Silvester John Wade John Pilburrow ~l and Susan Cullington j Elizabeth Bret \ Elizabeth Annes Phillip Chenery Aldsey Wade John Masham Grace and Anne Losse ^nno 'Domini 1618. The widow Martyn buried. Thomas Jacob Babtized. William Coulson and Jone Clarke maried. Jane Smalle \ Richard Peele Susan Murton Margaret Rudland Robert Baker Richard Grigges Elizabeth Copinger the daughter of Mr. William Copinger William Kinge 1- babtized. John Jacob Richard Sier Thomas ffenne and \ Margaret Brett | John ffookes 1 Prudence Hagger J William Bell buried. Roger Smith babtized. Mr. George Dickenson some tyme Parson of Buxall by the space of ffiftie yeeres and now lieth buried in the Chancel there ut patet &c. 1618. >- babtized. maried. babtized. Babtized. Edmond Shusork Margaret Penninge Buried. Elizabeth Toulson Babtized. William King Anne Fapman Anno Domini l6l9. The Widow Sowgate "1 Ursula King \ Buried. Samuel Ranson ; Digitized by IVIicrosoft® !66 History of the Parish of Buxhall August 8. Jane Pilbarrow \ i8. George Pilbarrow and Salter 19. Thomas Martyne 22. John Osbourne ffrances Thorndicke ■ Babtized. December i. Margaret Wade 25- William Baker 26. John Martin -' Mar. 18. The Wedow Benet buried. 25. 26. William King 1 , , ■ , T,,- , , ^ , h babtized. Elizabeth ffookes J Aprill ig. Thomas Tayler buried. Anno 'Domini 1620. May 26. Sarah Kimbolde \ July 20. Mary Hogges August 6. Sarah Jacobe 1 baptized. October 8. Elizabeth Smith [ 3°- Robert Murton Anne Cunicole December 10. John Osborne \ 13- March 10. Judith Copinger baptized. Walter Yonges bast. April 2. John Pilbarow Aprill 26. The Widow Fenike \ September 30. The wife of Robert Goddard - buried. October I. John Seanster December 20.' Richarde Woode July 20. Annanias and Elizabeth Wekum "I William Cunicole and Anne Tayler J October 30. Anno Domini 162I. April 22. Susanna Jacob June 8. 24. John Coulsonne William Pilbarrow ■ baptized. 24. John Peek 26. Henry Coppinger the sonn of William Coppinger July II. William Sier 21. Thomas Bracket November 18. Dorothie Penninge 25. Margaret Smeith December 2. Susanne Baker 8. Samuell KimbuU February 17. Robert Osborn I7- Robert Kinge March 5. Jonc Moortham 1622. April 14. John Wade 28. Richard Godwood J baptized. Digitized by Microsoft® November 2. August z6. September 19. October 31. fFebruary 9. March 25. July 17. August 8. The Parish Registers 267 The Widowe Salter Thomas Bracket Simon Maye William Kinge The wife of Simon Rafe Robert Salter John Tayler Robert Godward and Thomasinne Pilbarrow William Salter and Rose Downinge buried. maried. May 4. 22. October 19. November 13. January 30. June 18. 23. July 28. September 11. October 6. December 8. february 16. March 9. Aprill 15. february 1 9. May 12. August 7. October 12. November 9. December 20. January 12. March 7. August 27. November 24. December 18. September 25. October 19. Anno Domini 1623, The wife of John Jacob ^ The wife of ffransis Powell Audrey Martine The wife of Richard Kemp Robert Baker buried. \ y babtized. 1623. Richard Martine Francis Rushe Anne Jacob Edmund Grigges Mary Smith Andrew Pollew Robert Smalle William and Margret fFookes Thomas Pilbarrowe Simon Ralfe and Margere Heyward George Knope and y" Widdow Allexander Anno Domini 1623. William Godard Thomasin Coppinger Mary Wade Susan Smith John Gie Anne Slipper Margret Kimbull The wife of John Studde "i Daniel Childe \ buried. The widowe Baker j Robert Baker and Briget Bird John Jacob and Catherine Rose maried. baptized. maried. Digitized by Microsoft® ^ *■ baptized. * married. 268 History of the Parish of Buxhall 1624. Daniell Worth baptised. Thomas Raphe Phebe Jacob George Motham John Baker William Coppinger gentleman the sonn of Mr. William Coppinger Susan Smith Andrew Smith Elizabeth Grimwood Phebe Osborne William Grimward and Elizabeth Bantocke Thomas Osborne and Alic Thomson Richard Kempe and Susan Gayfor The widdow Benit \ John Grigges Margaret Sowgate Tomissinge Lucas Richard Kempe The widdow Ealie Jone Salter widdow buried when she had lived in the favor of God and all good people Ixxi yeares. Thomas fokes was baptized. John Goddard. Robarte Baker. Robarte Slepper. Margrete Pilbarrough. Ambrose Salter. Elizabeth Osbourne daughter of Thomas Osborne baptized December xvith 1625. Sarauell Phillips baptized febr viij 1627. Elizabeth Pilborrowe daughter of Thomas baptized februarye xxvjth 1627. July 7. John Woode and Mary Rush "|^ October 13. John Robson and Ann Pelbarrough J Ruthe Wade daughter of John Wade baptized March xith 1627. Thomas Crosse and Elizabeth Small maryed March xxiijth 1625. Susan Salter daughter of William baptized March xxvjth 1626. An Smyth daughter of Onamyes Smyth baptized Aprill second 1626. John Strutt buryed January the xiiij 1625. William Basem and An Jawer maryed February nynth 1625. [Deane of Lavenham] buryed on the 22 [ — ] 1625. Aprill 7- September 19- 29. October 14. 17- December 8. December 12. Januarie 9- H- februarie 14- June 5- July 28. August 31- June 17- July 21. August 29. October I. January 2. Marche IS- Aprill s- ► buried. Aprill 19. July 7. August 25. October 23. November 3. ried. Manages in Anno Domini 1626. Edward Baldrie and Jane Barton married Aprill 25, 1626. Robart Copinger gent and Margaret Griggs maried June 15, 1626.- Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 269 Burialls in Anno Domini 1626. Elizabeth Hall buried. Susan Smith the wyfFe of Samuel Smith buried. Ruth Wade y° wife of John Wade buried. The widdow Smith. Elizabeth White the wife of Mr. John White gent. C hristemngs in Anno Domini 1626. Samuell Smith y" sone of Edward Smith. John Robinson the sone of John Robinson baptized. Marie Jacob the daughter of Edmund Jacob „ Edmund Baldrie the sone of Edmund Baldrie baptized May 4, 1627. William Baltman Baptised the 20"" of May 1627. October 7. Robert Baker 1 „ . , „ z8. Thomas Kittle ] ^^P"^^"^" November 4. Samuel Pilborrow baptized. Januarye. The 12 day fFrances Copinger daughter of William Copinger Esq. Februarie the 1 5""- Mr. Syer mariage to Cathren Osborne. Marche 16. William Small. Aprill first. Buried William Mootsam. November 11. Thomas Baker. Mariage of Sir Thomas Brekingham Knight and Jone Rinck ye ... . March. Burialls 1627. June 26. Georg Knop was buried. Julie 20. Thomas Sire „ November. The 23 Jane Rush wyfe of Edward Rush. Anno Domini 1628. Maij 15. Susan Martin 1628 baptyzed. September 26. Marye Copinger daughter of Mr. Robt. Copinger baptized. September 14.. John Whyte baptyzed. October 12. John Heves baptyzed. December 6. Sara Joye. December 13. John Bateman. November 12. Marye Worthe. October 21. Marye Wade. Januarie 8. Jane Wood baptyzed Henry ffoakes and An ffoakes. Januarye 22. John Grymwood. ffebruarye 4. An Salter. ffebruarye 14. Marye Smyth. Marche. Susan Jacob. Anno Domini l62g. Christenings. April 17. Ann Syer. May 7. William Pilbarrow. May 21. Elizabeth Salter. May 28. Elizabeth Smyth. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 270 History of the Parish of Buxhall Buryalls 1628. William Sowgate July 28 July 30. Elizabeth Creeme. Manages I628. April 15. John Wood and Marrie Ralph. July 28. Robert Salter and Margrett Jower. September 30. Symon Johnson and An Smyth. Anno Domini l62g. Christening!. William Motham the sonne of John Motham. John Baker the sonne of Robt. Baker of Fen Street. Gosse the sonne of William Gosse. Dorethie Barton the daughter of Elizabeth Barton Base Borne. Robert Bateman the sonne of William Bateman. Margaret Copinger the daughter of Robart Copinger gentl. Manages I629. Richard Jarsman and Ester Wood. Richard Pettit widdower and Anne Badcocke singl. Burialls 1629. Anna Stud the wife of John Stud. Christenings 163O. William Motham sone of John Motham. John Baker sone of Robt. Baker of ffen Street. Gosse Sonne of Mr. Gosse. Dorethye Barton daughter of Elizabeth Barton base borne. Robt. Bateman sonne of Mr. Bateman. Margrett Copinger daughter of Robt. Copinger gent. June 28. August 4- N ovemb. : 22. January 5- March 4- 17- Sept. 21. Febu. 2. Julie 25. June 28. August 4.'"- November 22"''. Januarye 5"'. March 4"'. March 17. Mariages. September 21''. Rychard Jarsman and Ester Wood. fFebruarye 2°''. Rychard Pettett and Anne Badcocke. Babtixed September 16, 163O. Mary Copinger the daughter of William Copinger Esq" was borne the third day of September in the yeare of our Lord six hundred and thirty and babtized the sixteenc day of the same moneth. Jane Wad daughter to John Babtized October 19, 1630. Christenings 163I. — Sonne of Edward baptized May viiij"'. Robt. - Thomas Worth sonne of John Maye 22°' Marey Pilborrow daughter Tho. June lo"' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers - 271 An Copynger daughter of M'- Robt. Copinger August third. Marey Greeme daughter of John 27"' of July. John Baldey sonne of John September second. An Bennett daughter of William September the 5"^. Edmund Jacob sonne of Edmund October 16"'. Elizabeth and An Skarfe daughter of Martin Skarfe December 18. An Pilborrow daughter of William December 24. George Bird sonne of George December 23. Thomas and John Sowgate sonnes of An Sowgate base borne februarie 19"' Rebecca Smyth daughter of Ananyas Smyth March ii"". Peter Syer sonne of William March l6"\ Rose Jarsman daughter of Rych. Aprill Second. Rychard Martin sonne of Rye. februarye second 1 63 1. Marriages. John Wood and Ellin Webb Maye 17. William Webb and Jane Wood July 8'". John Kinge and Susan Pilborrow Septemb. 8. John Heyward and ffrances Mickfield October z"^. Buryalls. Rychard Martin June the 8"". Symon Bennett July fifth. John Salter October 22"''. An Croft widow Januarye the first. Henry Lucas Januarye the 9""- Elizabeth Rafe widow Marche the 15'". Thomas and John Sowgate sonnes of An februarie 23"". John Studd Marche the 29"". 1632. C hristennings 1632, The 7 of June Robt. Gey son of Mr. Gey. The 7 of October Thomas Guymwood sonne of John. The 4"* of Februarye Margrett Salter daughter of Robt. Salter. The 18 of December An Wye daughter of Mr. Wye. The 24 of Januarye Rychard Syer sonne of Henry Syer. The 7 of februarye William Cooke sonne of Mr. Cooke. The Marriages. The 16"* of februarye Henry Syer and An Studd. The 7 of June William Cooke and An Pilborrow. The 10"' of October Edmund Bett and Mary Studd. The second of October Edward Edgar and An Elenson. The xi"" of October John Brett and Marye Bradberye. The id* of May and Rox Hust. Digitized by Microsoft® 272 History of the Parish of Buxhall Buryalls. The xi* day of Aprill William Bateman. The xx* day of July Widow Stonham. The xi"' day of October Dyana Hatihett wyfe of Thomas Hatihett. The first of November An Poole wyfe of Rye. Christimngs 1633. The 16"' of May Hanna Osburne the daughter of Henery Osburne was Bapti : The 20 of June Matthew Motham the sonne of John Motham was Bapti : The zo of November Edmund Wade the sonn of John Wayd was Bapti : The 3 December Rachell Wye the daughter of Richard Wye was Bapti : The 3 of January Elizabeth Jacob the daughter of Edmund Jacob was Bapti : The 24 of January Ann Greene the daughter of John Greene was Bapti : The 31 of January Mary Syer the daughter William Sier was Bapti : february the 2 Judith Copinger the daughter of Mr. William Copinger was Bapti The 1 3 of February Ann Hempson the daughter of Edward Hempson was Bapt : The 22 of february Thomas Rush the sonn of Edward Rush was Bapt : The 25 of March Peter Deuereux the sonn of Mr. Peter Deuereux was Bapti : The 25 of March Mary Salter the daughter of William Salter was Bapti : The 7 of Aprill Elizabeth Martin the daughter of Richard Martin was Bapti : The 9 of Aprill Susan Oruis y° daughter of Samuell Oruis was Bapti : Marriages. May the 30. William Hoine and Rose Hurst were married. November the j. John Durrant and Ann He . . . 11 were married. Buryings. The 4 of June Mary Lucas was Buried. The 31 Rose Jacob the wyfe of John Jacob was Buried. The 8 of february Simon Rafe was Buried. May the 27"". July the 30. August y° 17. Septem. 28. October 27. february the i. febru. the i. March y= 28"-. Christninges I634. Mary Cooke the daughter of William Cooke was baptiz : Judith Worth the daughter of John Worth was baptiz : John Mole y' sonne of Thomas Mole was baptiz : Elizabeth Euersome the daughter of Thomas Euersome was baptiz Robert Salter y' sonne of Robert Salter was baptiz : William Wye the sonne of Richard Wye was Baptiz : William Hay ward the sonne of John. William Sier the sonne of Henry was bapt : Marriages. Nicolas King and Elizabeth Janning were married. July the 25'* August the 21. Martin Scarfe and Rachell Weaver were married. October the 7. William Kimbe and Anne Ralfe were married. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 273 Burrialls. May 20'". Elizabeth Scarfe y' wyfe of Martin Scarfe was buried. November the 20"'- Richard Martine was buried. March the 3. Elizabeth Martine y" daughter of Richard Martine was burried. Christinings I635. Aprill 6. Elizabeth Fouler y' daughter of William Fouler was baptiz : Aprill 19. Grace Syer the daughter of George Syer was Baptiz : October 27. Elizabeth Deueurux and Mary Deueurux y' daughters of Peter Devereux and Mary his wife were baptized. 1 5 June. 19 of May. Novemb. 23. January 2. May 15. 19 June. 4 Septemb. 18 Septemb. 1636. Burialls. Edward Crosse was buried. Margarett Offold y'= wife of Edmund OfFold was Buried. Mary Deuereux y° daughter of Peter Deuereux was buried. 1635. Elizabeth Deuereux y° daughter of Peter Deuereux was buried 1635. Christinings 1636. Edmund Hemson y" sone of Edward Hemson was baptized. Mary Bouarcher ye daughter of Eduard Bouarcher was baptized May 31. Samuel Smifh ye sonne of John Smith was baptized. Susan Wade ye daughter of John Wade was baptized. Rose Hobie ye daughter of Eduard Hobie was baptized. 1636. Marriages. Charles Bennitt was married May 16. George Corkesedge was married 23 of June. 1636. Christinings. \ Decemb. Elizabeth Wye y'' daughter of Richard Wye gentleman and Ann his wife was baptized. 9 Decemb. Ann Deuereux was Baptized. January j. William fFowler ye sonne of William ffowler was baptized. March 23. John Dean son of Rafe Dean. Buryalls 1636. Decemb. 9""- Mary Deuereux ye wife of Mr. Peter Deuereux was buried. Decemb. iii. Ales Dericke ye wife of Abraham Dericke was buryed. March ii"". The widow Gosse was buried. 1637. Christinings. Aprill 23. Mary Hayward ye daughter of John Hayward was baptized. May 9'". Peter Syer ye sonne of Henry Syer was baptized. October j'". Thomasin Copinger ye daughter of Mr. William Copinger was baptized. October 29. Mary Rafe ye daughter of Thomas Rafe was baptized. Decembr. 13. Robert Davy the sonne of Robert Davy was baptized. March 11'". Sara Sowgate ye daughter of Thomas Sowgate was baptized. 36 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® N^ «^ 274 History of the Parish of Buxhall March 18"'. Livia Smith ye daughter of John Smith was baptized. iFrauncis Deuereux ye sonne of Peter Deuereux was baptized. William Worth ye sonne of John Worth was baptized. August 23. Novemb'' 4. Novemb' 14.. Novemb' 30. february 1 8" Marriages. John Phillips and Mary Bayford were married. Nicolas Stannard and Mary Rust were married, John Worth and Mary Bennitt were married. Thomas Sowgate and Bridgett Jacob were married. Buryalls. William Maior was buried. Burials 1638. Aprill 21. Ann the daughter of Thomas Molde. Aprill the 23. Susan Kemball the wife of William Kemball. May I. Thomas Rush the sonne of Edward Rush. Christenings. May I. George Frost the sonne of William Frost. May 4. Philip Mould the sonne of Thomas Mould. May 27. Peter Martin the sonne of Peter Marten. Marriages. Aprill 25. Abraham Derick and Betterisse Sargent. Robert Hubbard and Mary Gwiling were married. Ckristenings 1638, Susan Boaurcher ye daughter of Jeames Boaurcher was baptized June 27. Wood ye of John Wood was baptized Novemb' 5'". Elizabeth Syer ye daughter of Henry Syer was baptized December 21". John Clarke ye sonn of John Clarke was baptized Decemb' 21". Burialls. William Gy was buried September 6"". Ann ye wife of William Kembe was buried Sept' 9"'. Philip ye wife of Nathaniell Maulden was buried Octob' 25"". Mary ye wife of Eduard Clarke was buried Novemb' ii"". The widow Strutt was buried Novemb' 27"". 1639. Burialls. 1639. John Pilborrow was buryed the last of Aprill. Edmond Jacob was buryed the 20"" of June. John Wade was buryed the 18"' of July. The widdow Osborne was buryed July 30. John Jacob was buryed August xij. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 275 Robert Dauyes child was buryed October 27. George Sayers child was buryed Novemb' 3. Peeles daughter was buryed Novemb' vj. Thomasine Rudland was buryed March viij"'. Thomas Everson son of Edward Everson babtized November the viij 1640. CMitinings l639- Dorothy Coxedge the daughter to George and Mary his wife was baptized the seaventh of Aprill. Elizabeth Salter the daughter of William Salter and his wife was baptized the 7"* of Aprill. fFrancis Hay ward the daughter of John Hay ward and his wife was Baptized the 19"' of Aprill. John Scarpe the sone of John Scarpe and his wife was Baptized the 9"! of Aprill. Anna Lanmer the daughter of William Lanmer was Baptized the i', 1686. for y" year 1687. Edmund .... buryed May 8 th, 1687. Mary Witham Wid. buryed July 19, 1687. John Lawrence and Hannah Carpenter were marryed July 24th, 1687. Edm"" Turner and Elizabeth Copinger were marryed 26 July, 1687. John Barnes and Mary Tillot were married 6th Octob'', 1687. Ann Vice was buryed 26 Novemb. 1687. William son of W" Shire of Clare was baptised Decemb"^ 23, 1687. John son of John Soughate and Ann his wife was baptised 2 fFeb'>', 1687. John son of John Poole was baptised 13th ffeb"', 1687. Margaret daughter of Wm. Copinger and Margaret his wife was baptised 26 ffeb"', 1687. Priscilla daughter of Wm. Choate was baptised 3 March, 1687. Jeremiah Squirrill was buried Apr. 2nd, 1687. A Register of the Burialls Christnings and Marriages in this Parish of Buxhall in y' yeare i688. Henry Allexandcr was buried 3rd of Jan'', 1 688. Tho. Poole was buryed 1688. Mary daughter of Thomas Pilborrow was baptised ffeb"' 24th, 1688. Sarah daughter of Thomas Sughate and of Ann his wife was Baptiz'd 31 of May, i688. JoKn son of Tho. Sughate and of Ann his wife was Baptizd y" loth of May, 1690. Digitized by Microsoft® The Parish Registers 299 William son of Thomas Soughate and of Ann his wife was Baptiz'd on or about y" 3rd of Aprill, 1692. Abraham son of Thomas Sughate and of Ann his wife was Baptizd y' 25 of January, 1694. Y' 4th day of March, 1696. Joh son of John Parker was baptised. Thomas so of Tho. Fuller was baptised about y° 5 th of May, 1696. John son of Edward Boggas was baptised about Easterday. Anna daughter of John Jacob was baptized June the — 1696. Sarah y^ wife of John Jacob was baptised June — 1696. Buna//s, 1696. The Wid. L'Strange, Aug. 1696. Ralph Johnson's child. Winifred daughter of Mr. Chenery of Haughley. John and Peter sons of Thomas Pelbarrow and Elizabeth his wife were baptized II Octob"^, 1696. Crackerode son of Mr. William Copinger Rector ib'm and of Margret his wife was born y° nth of Octob' 1696 and was baptised y" 20th Octob"' 1696 Sam Crackerode Walter Clopton Godfathers Mrs. Isabella North Godmother. August 14th, 1695. Elisabeth daughter of William Copinger born 29 of June, 1695. Tho. Simonds of St. Edm*"* Bury Widower and Hananah Waldingfield of the same town were married about the middle of the month of August, 1695. Ann daughter of Jeremiah Sheppard was born and Baptised y'' 26th day ot Septemb'', 1695. Robert son of John Hay ward was born and baptised y" 26th day of Septemb', 1695. Ann daughter of Jeremiah Sheppard was buryed Octob' y° — , 1695. Richard son of John Ramplin was baptised 28th of Octob' 1695 and was born six weeks before St. Michaell last past. Susan daught' of Elias Scofield was baptised y° 3" of November. Thomas Barrow of Beyton singleman and Rachell Hibble of this Parish singlewoman were marryed the 17 of No : 1695. The wife of Wm. Carpenter was burryed the 25 th of Novemb', 1695. Sarah the daughter of Sam' Offord was baptised the 26th of Novemb', 1695. Mary Daughter of Edw*" Major and Mary his wife was baptised 1695. It was born vpon y° 4th of November, 1695. John Grimwood was buryed March y" 6th, 1695. John son of Thomas Parker was baptised y" 5th of Apr', 1696. Elizabeth daughter of John Goddard was baptised the first of May, 1696. Mary daughter of John Griggs was baptised May ye 10, 1696. John son of John Poole and Ann his wife was baptised fFeb'>' 18, 1686. Mary daughter of Joseph Woods and Mary his wife was buried i6th March, 1685. Naomi wife of John Cocksedge buried 17 March, 1685. Easter daughter of Jo Woods and Mary his wife was baptised Jan^^, 1585. The daughter of John Ramplyn buried 16 March, 1685. Edward Wasp was buried fFeb'^ 2, 1686. Widow Cooper died on Trinity Sunday, 1685. Judeth daughter of Edmund Levir bap. 9 Aug., 1685. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^, „. , , ° , , ,, - > maried about the end of Jan. 108O Kichard Ramplyn and Mary Stanton J The Relict of Edmund Witham buried 19th July, 1687. John Laurence and Hannah Carpenter maryed July 24, 1687. Edmund Turner and Elisabeth Copinger mar: July 26, 1687. John Barnes and Mary Tillot 6th Octob', 1687. An Vice buryed 26 Novemb', 1687. Hen. Allexander was buried the third day of Jan'', 1688. Tho. Pool was buried. Mary D. of Tho. Pilbarrow baptised fFeb"' 24, 1688. Sarah daughter of Henry Copinger Esq" was born the last day of August and Baptizec the eight day of September in the year one thousand six hundred eighty nine. )J< Me Wm. Copinger Rector. [End of Register 2. J An Account of the Names and Qualities of the Persons who have been Buryed in Woollen IN the Parish of Buxhall in the year 1694. Elizabeth Chaplain Widow was buryed 24 Novemb', 1694. Mary Wade Widow was buryed 2 1 St ffeb., 1694. Elisabeth Harrison Widow was buryed 8th March, 1694. Allowed by us H Huntingtower J. Barker. Affidavit was certifyed by Mr. Walter Clopton Rector of Ratlesden 30th No. 1694. Affidavit certifyed by Mr. Clopton 28th of ffeb. 1694. Affidavit certifyed by Mr. Walter Clopton 15 th March, 1694. Wm. Copinger Rector ib'm. Stephen Keble '\ The marke of V Churchwardens. Tho : Jacob } Buxhall Suff. The Names and Qualities or the Persons who have been Buryed in ye Parish of Buxhall in the year 1695. Martha the wife of John Barns was buryed ye 19th of April, 1695. 4th May. Tho. Jacob Butcher was buryed. 30th May, 1695. Wm. Choate was buryed. Thomas King was buryed the 7th of July, 1695.' Apr. 22. Affidavit of her being buryed in Wollen was certifyed by Mr. Walter Clopton. Affidavit of his being buryed in Woollen was certified y' 7th of May by Mr. Weld. Affidavit of his being buryed in Woollen was certifyed y" 4th of June, 1695, by Mr. Walter Clopton. Affidavit certified by Mr. John Daynes Rector ot Washbrooke 13th of Julij, 1696. ' Note. — As all the other entries in this book appear also in the subsequent Register, this Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 301 A Register of the Marriages Christnings and Buryalls which have been in the Parish of BUXALL IN THE YEAR OF OUR LoRD 1695. Ciristnings. Elisabeth daughter of Wm: Copinger Rector ib'm and of Margrett his wife was baptised y° 29 June, 1695, Ann daughter of Jeremiah Shepheard and his wife was baptised 26 Septemb'', 1695. Robert son of John Hayward and Ann his wife was baptised y° 26 Sept., 1695. Richard son of John Ramplyn and his wife was baptised about y° 20th of July,' 1695. Susan daughter of Elias Scofield and Ann his wife was baptised y" 3rd of Nov""', 1695. Sarah y= daughter of Samuell OfFord and Elisabeth his wife was baptised ye — of Novemb'', 1695. Mary daughter of Edw" M[ajor] and Mary his wife was baptised j' 4th of Novemb', 1695. Matriges, Thomas Symonds of Bury St. Edm* and Ann of Waldingfield of the same were marryed August, 1695. Thomas Burrow of Beyton singleman and Rachaell Hebbell of this Parish were marryed y" 17 th of Novemb', 1695. Buryal/s. Ann daughter of Jeremiah Shephard was buryed in Octob , 1695. [Ann y' '] the wife of William Carpenter was buryed y" 25 th of Novemb', 1695. John Griggs was Buryed y' 6th of March, 1695.= 1696. John son of Thomas Parker was baptised ye 5th of April, 1696. Elisabeth daughter of John Goddard was baptised y" ist of May, 1696. Mary daughter of John Griggs and Hannah his wife was baptised y' 10 May, 1696. Thomas the son of Thom^ fFuller and his wife was baptised 5 May, 1696. John son of Edward Boggas and his wife was Baptised vpon Easter day 1696. Register of persons buried in Woollen is not continued. The Register itself proceeds to the year 1731. The Register was kept pursuant to the Act of 30 Car. II. cap. 3 (1679), entituled "An Act for Burying in Wollen," and was intended " for the lessening the importation of linen from beyond the seas, and the encouragements of the woollen and paper manufactures of this kingdom." An aiEdavit was to be brought within eight days of the burial under a penalty of ^3 that the deceased was not buried in linen. By section 4 of this Act it was enacted that all persons in Holy Orders, Deans, Parsons, Deacons, Vicars, Curates, and their, or any of their substitutes, should within their respective parishes, precincts, and places, take an exact account, and keep a Register of every person or persons buried in his or their respective parishes or precincts, or in such common burial- places as their respective parishioners are usual buried. But no penalty was to be incurred by reason of any person dying of the plague, although such persons should not be buried according to the Act. ' Particulars supplied from the Woollen Register. ^ In the Register of Persons buried in Woollen the name is given as John Grimwood. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 302 History of the Parish of Buxhall Hannah daughter of John Jacob was baptised in June, 1696. Sarah wife of John Jacob was baptised y' — of June, 1696. John and Peter twin sons of Thomas Pilborrow and Elisabeth his wife were baptised y' nth Octob'', 1696. Stephen son of Wm. Ranson and his wife was baptised y" i8th Octob'': 1696. Crackerode son of William Copinger Rector of this Parish and of Margrett his wife was Baptised y" 25th Octob: 1696. Ann daughter of George Goddard was baptised y° 25 of Octob"^, 1696. Ann daughter of Jeremiah Sheppard and of his wife was baptised Y "-"'^ °^ Novemb"', 1696. Mary y° daughter of John Brett and his wife was baptised vpon y" 28th of October, 1696. Marryages. Robert Green and Penelope Mathews were marryed in October, 1696. Edmund Levir and Mary Pearle of the Parish of Ratlesden both single maryed in Octob", 1696. John Lockwood and Martha Colson of Stowmarkett both single marryed y^ 15th Octob'', 1696. Buryalls in I696. Ruth Jacob was buryed y" znd of July, 1696.' John Clarke was buryed y° 8th of July, 1696 [yeoman]. Elisabeth L'Strange was buryed y° nth of August, 1696 [widow].^ Winnifrid Chenery was buryed y° 3rd Septemb', i6g6 [daughter of Tho. Chenery of Haughly]. Richard Ramplyn was Buryed y' 2nd of January, 1696. John son of Thomas Pilborrow was buryed y" 4th of Jan''', 1696. There were in this yeare 1696 Baptisms 13 Marriages 3 Buryalls 6, Thomas Smith and Edwara Griggs being Church-wardens. Wm. Copinger Rector ib'm. 1697. Chriitnings, Elisabeth daughter of John Chaplin and Bridgett his wife was Baptised y' 29 of March, 1697. Margarett daughter of Henry Whistle and of Margarett his wife was baptised y" nth day of April, 1697. William son of William Shave and of Elisabeth his wife was baptised y° 6th day of May, 1697. James son of Thomas Sughate and of Ann his wife was baptised y" loth day of May, 1697- ' In Woollen Register the entries arc — June. Ruth daughter of Sarah Jacob widow. July 2. Sarah the wife of John Jacob was buryed. = Supplied from Woollen register. In this register appears — September, 1696. The son of Ralph Johnson unbaptiz'd was buried in woollen. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 303 Margret daughter of William Lambert and of Margrett his wife was baptised y' — of May, 1697. Mary daughter of Joseph Godfrey and of Elisabeth his wife was baptised y" ist day of June, 1697. Elisabeth daughter of Edmund Blake and of Elisabeth his wife was baptised y" 23 of June, 1697. Marriages. [John Leaver and Mary Raulin marry'd October y" 17th, 1709. John Hayward and Sarah Badcock marry'd Nov. y" 23, 1709.'] Buria//s, John Boggas was buryed y" y" 26th of March, 1697. Alice Johnston was buryed y° y° 13th of April, 1697. William son of William Shave was buryed in May, 1697. John Brett was buryed y° 2nd of July, 1697. John Stern and Elisabeth Offord were marryed 1697. Marrages. John Stanford and Elisabeth Green both single marryed y° nth of April, 1697. George Ellet and Ursula Roper of Gypping marryed y'' 3rd day of May, 1697. Jo son of Joseph Tottie was baptised. son of John Hayward was baptised. Novemb"^ i6th, 1697. Elisabeth Ranson was buryed [wife of Wm. Ranson^]. Robert y" son of John Parker and his wife was baptised y" 21 of Novemb', 1697. Leonard Mannings was buryed the 29th day of November, 1697. John Sughate widower and Susan Camplin singlewoman were married the 2nd day of Decemb"', 1697. William Lambert of Nawton singleman and Ann Mauldin of this Parish were married the 5th day of Decemb"', 1697. Robert son of John Parker was buryed y" 7 Decemb'', 1697. Elias son of Elias Scofield and Ann his wife was baptis'd y" 2d day of January, 1697. Mary daughter of Robert Rought and Dorithy his wife was baptized 2d day of January, 1697. 22 Jan'', 1697. Mary Thorowgood was buryed. Sarah daughter of John Griggs and Hannah his wife was baptiz'd y' 1 2 day of fFeb"', 1 697. Elisabeth daughter of John Sterne and Elisabeth his wife was baptiz'd ye 13 th of ffeb"', 1697. Ann daughter of Wm. Copinger and Margrett his wife was baptiz'd the 14th of ffeb"', 1697. William son of William Shaue and Elisabeth his wife was baptised 1697 Born y° 24.th of fFebruary, 1 697. 1698. Robert Deadman of Ratlesden singlem" and Elisabeth Harrison of Bretenham singlewom" were marryed y° 4th day of April, 1698. ' In diiFerent handwriting. ' Particulars in brackets supplied from Register of persons buried in Woollen. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^^i;,tmmmmmmmmmmmmmm^/' 304 History of the Parish of Buxhall John Hinds of Kettlebaston singlem" and Susan Brook of Bretenham singlewoman were marryed j" 4th day of April, 1698. Hannah daughter of John Ramplin and Elizabeth his wife was Baptised y° loth of April, 1698 Was born y' 27th of March. Stephen son of William Ranson was burycd y' loth of July, 1698. Mary daughter of Edward Boggas and Ann his wife was baptized y° 16 of July, 1698. JohnWitham and Elisabeth Walter were marryed y" 21 of June, 1698. Daniel son of John Goddard and Elizabeth his wife was baptised y" 19th of Septemb'', 1698. Elizabeth the daughter of William Brook and Elizb"* his wife was born and baptised y° 24th of Octob', 1698. Daniel son of John Chaplin and Bridget his wife was born y° 28 Novemb. and was babptized y' 4th of Decemb'', 1698. Mary Ralph of Needham Market was buryed about y" 9th of Novemb', 1698 [Widow]. Sarah daughter of John Sughate and Susan his wife was born y" 22 of Octob' and was babtized y" 6th of Novemb', 1698. Sarah daughter of John Griggs was buryed ye — Decemb', 1698. John son of Thomas fuller and Priscilla his wife was baptiz'd y° 24 Decemb', 1698. Stephen son of Wm. Ranson and Mary his wife was baptized 6 Jan''', 1698. Sarah Osborn was baptized ye 1 1 of June, 1699. Daughter of John Stern baptized. Mary Keble was was buryed Feb. 4th, 1698 [The wife of Stephen Keble ']. Mary Salter was buryed y' 5th of Feb'^ 1698. John Maltyward Gent, was buryed Y H'^ °f February, 1698. Elizabeth daughter of John Chaplin and Bridget his wife was buryed the 22d day of April, 1699. Wm: Rush of the Parish of Onehouse was buryed y' 24th day of April, 1699. Margret Armsby widow was buryed y' 29th day of April, 1699. Martha daughter of William Gibson of Onehouse and of Martha his wife was born y" 30th of April and Baptized y° 1st of May 1699 and was buryed the eight day ot May, 1699. ffrancis Soughate was buryed y" 24th of May, 1699. Mary daughter of Wm. Lambert and Marg.' his wife was born y° 2d of June and bap- tized y° 16 of the same month, 1699. Hugh Girten was buryed Maij, 1699. Sarah daughter of Thomas Pilborrow and Elizabeth his wife was born y° 20th and was baptised y' 25th of June, 1699. Edmund son of Edmund Blake and Eliz"' his wife was born ye 29th May, 1699, and baptised y' 1 8th of June, 1699. Thomas y° 3d son of Wm. Copinger and Margrett his wife was born y° 22d of July and was baptised y° 3d day of Angust, 1699. Edmund son of Edm'' Blake was buryed y" 22d day of August, 1699. Henry Smith was buryed [September i '] . Sam Offord's child born about y° Lady 1700 Baptised in July following named Joseph. 16 of Octob', 1699. Stephen Ranson of this Parish singleman and Ann Studd of this Parish singlewoman were marryed. ' Particulars in brackets supplied from Register of persons buried in Woollen. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The Parish Registers 305 Margaret King widow of the Parish of great fEnborrow was buryed. Mary daughter of Elias Scofield and Ann his wife was baptised loth Novemb. 1699. Ann daughter of John HeywarJ and of Ann his wife was baptiz'd the loth of Decemb'', 1699. Ann daughter of Robert Rought and of Ann his wife was baptiz'd the 10th of Decemb', 1699. John iFuller was buryed January y° 15th, 1699. Mary Copinger was buryed y° 23d of January, 1699. Ann Rought was buryed y' 13th of ffebruary, 1699. Thomas son of Thomas Biles und Deborah his wife was baptized y° 2d day of March, 1699. It had been intended to give an account of the eminent natives of Buxhall, but as this would mainly be a repetition of what has already appeared on the subject in the writer's " History of the Copinger Family," 1884 (H. Sotheran & Co.), this has been omitted, and the parish history brought to a close with its Registers. " Now sleep, the beauteous landscape fades Beneath the waning morn ; And I forsake these lovely glades To seek my home alone ; Still, still the scene shows fair and bright — Thou village of my heart ! good night ! " 40 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® APPENDIX Buxhall. TRANSCRIPT OF A COURT ROLL, APRIL 24, 3 EDW. VL Curia Generalis ibidem tenta die Mercurii xxiiij'" die Aprilis Anno Regni Regis Edwardi Sexti tercio. Essoniatores Edwardus Salter per Willielmum Bradstrett Thomas Lawman per eundem Cristina Crosse per Thomam Crosse Elizabeth Cage vidua per Ricardum Catton Robertus Crosse per Johannem Taylor Johannes Crosse et Thomas Roger per Thomam Talmage Isa- bella Hill per Andream Ellys Georgius Benytt per Robertum Colman Ricardus Crowe per Henricum Richardes de communi. Capital es cum homagio Willielmus Bradstrett Johannes Taylor Willielmus Berte Johannes Woode Andreas Ellys Georgius Salter Andreas Salter Juratores Robertus Osborne Robertus Makyn Johannes Glanvyle Juratores Henricus Richardes Henricus Murton Juratores Juratores Johannes Salter de Badwell, Jurator. Communis finis Capitales predicti presentant quod dare debent domino ad hunc diem de comuni ijs. fine ut in capite et inde in plena Curia satisfecerunt domino de iiijs pro duobus annis. Secta Curie Capitales cum homagio presentant super eorum sacramentum quod tenentes manerii de in misericordia Lefey heredes Johannis Spryng militis Thomas Tymperley armiger Johannes Jower Thomas Smyth " bayly " Robertus Smyth Robertus Bradstrett Johanna Salter Relicta Ricardi Salter Agnes Kyng tenentes terrarum nuper Henrici Smyth senioris debent sectam Curie ad hunc diem et fecerunt defaltam ideo quilibet eorum in misericordia iijd. fines xxs. Ad hanc Curiam venit Johannes Glamvyle et ostendit Copiam factam ad Curiam hie tentam die Mercurii in Festo Sancti Jeronimi anno regni regis Henrici vij, xvj per quam patet quod ipse cepit ex concessione domini unum tenementum vocatum "Brownys" jacens in Buxhall nuper Petrij Nele prout in Rotulis Curie predicte plenius patet quequidam Isabella obiit per diversos annos jam elaupsos Et predictus Johannes presens in Curia sursumreddidit in manum domini predictum Tenementum cum pertinenciis ad opus et usum Willielmi Childe et heredum suorum sub condicione sequente videlicet si predictus Willielmus heredes executores vel assignati solvant aut 307 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^^ 308 Appendix solvi faciant prefato Johanni Glamvyle executoribus vel assignatis suis xj li legalis monete Anglie in forma sequente videlicet ad festum Pasche proximum post titulum hujus Curie xxs. et sic de anno in annum durante termino decem annorum extunc proximo et immediate sequente ad predictum festum Pasche quolibet anno xxs. legalis monete Anglie quousque dicta summa xj" fuerint plene soluta et satisfacta Et ulterius sub conditione quod predictus Johannes durante vita sua quiete et in pace hebebit (sic) unam Cameram in occidentali parte tenement! predicti una cum libero introitu et exitu in eodem Ac eciam quod idem Johannes similiter bene et in pace capere potest ad usum suum proprium medietatem fructus crescentis in orto et pomario premissis pertinentibus Et ulterius quod idem Johannes omne tempore se califaciat ad ignem ipsius Willielmi vel assignatorum suorum infra tenementum predictum factum ad terminum vite dicti Johannis Glamvyle alioquin sursumredditio predicta sit ad opus et usum predicti Johannis iGlam\7le et heredum suorum et in defectu premissorum ex parte dicti Wil- lielmi perimplendorum bene licebit prefato Johanni licencia Curie optenta in premissa reintrare et sibi retineri imperpetuum presente sursumredditione non obstante. Et predictus Willielmus Chylde presens in Curia petit admitti inde tenentem Cui liberata est inde seisina tenendum sibi heredibus et assignatis suis de domino per virgam ad voluntatem domini secundum consuetudinem manerii sub condicione predicta salvo Jure fidelitas et dat de fine et fecit fidelitatem et facit sectam Curie et alia servicia inde debita &c reddendo inde domino per annum iiij^ Ad hanc Curiam venit Margareta Salter Relicta Johannis Salter "bocher" in plena Curia presenti Johanni (sic) filio dicti Johannis defuncti et cognovit tenere de domino ad terminum vite sue remanere inde prefato Johanni filio et heredibus suis unum tenementum vocatum " Rysbys " cum Crofto adjacente continente per estimacionem ij acras jacentes in Buxhall juxta terram Edwardi Salter vocatam "Tylars" ex oriente et viam ducentem versus " Fenne strett " ex occidente cum tribus acris terre j acra prati et dimidia, j acra pasture eidem pertinentibus per servicium unius clavi Gariofili per annum et sectam Curie et fecit inde fidelitatem. Cognovit eciam tenere libere unum Croftum sive pictellum vocatum " Faynys " jacens ad finem borialem Crofti tenementi predicti et inde reddat per annum IXd. de redditu nuncupato "Willisons fidelitas rent " et predicta Margareta fecit inde similiter fidelitatem &c. fines Ixiiij^ Ad hanc Curiam presentatum est per homagium quod Agnes Cator alias Smyth relicta Thome Cator alias Smyth post ultimam Curiam extra Curiam secundum consuetudinem manerii In consideracione vj" xiij' iiij'' sibi per Henricum Copynger armigerum dominum manerii predicti fideliter persolvendorum modo et forma prout continetur in Indor- samento cujusdam scripti obligatorii gerentis datam xxiiij'" die Aprilis anno regni regis Edwardi Sexti tercio per quodquidem scriptum idem Henricus obligatur eidem Agneti in majorc summa pro securitate solucionis dicte summe vj" xiij'' iiij'' predicta Agnes sur- sumreddidit remisit relaxavit et quietum clamavit dicto Henrico domino manerii et heredibus suis similiter per manus Henrici Richardes et Henrici Murton nativorum tenendum in presencia diversorum fide dignorum hoc testantium viij acras terre plus vel minus vocatas " le Buxhalle marshe " que nuper conjunctim cepit cum Thoma Smyth nuper viro suo et Johanne filio suo et heredibus suis ut in anno nono Henrici viij patet. Ita quod ncc ipsa nee heredes sui decetero aliquid juris tituli seu demaundi de et in premissis exigere clamarc seu vendere poterint in futurum &c. Et dominus sic seisitus in ista plena Curia consit extra manus suas Thome Langerwoode et heredibus suis predictas viij acras tenendas sibi heredibus et assignatis suis de domino per virgam ad voluntatem domini secundum consuetudinem manerii Sub con- Digitized by IVIicrosoft® >^ Appendix 309 dicione quod predictus Thomas heredes executores et assignati sui infra vij annos jam proximo futures construant et edificiunt super predictas viij acras terre unum domum mancionem competentem alioquin bene licebit domino et heredibus suis in predictas viij acras terre reintrare et eas in manibus suis reseisire present: concessione non obstante Cui videlicet prefato Thome liberata est inde seisina tenendum sibi heredibus et assig- natis suis sub condicione et forma predicta reddendo inde per annum xiiij' et facit sectam Curie et alia servicia et fecit fidelitatem Sec. obitus tenentis Item presentant quod Henricus Smyth alias Bayly tam liber tenens quam nativus obiit post ultimani Curiam seisitus de et in omnibus illis terris nativis quas tenuit de hoc manerio tempore mortis sui sed quantum inde ignorant ct dicunt quod Johannes Smyth quo ad terras predictas nativas filius dicti Henrici est inde heres propinquior et est etatis quinque annorum et nullus venit &c ideo preceptum est ballivo seisire premissa in manum domini et inde domino respondere de exitibus quousque &c. preceptum est Et ulterius dicunt quod idem Henricus tenuit de manerio libere certas terras per ser- distringere vicium redditus per annum vj*" nee non alias terras per servicium redditus per annum vocati " Willisons Rente " ij'' ob. sed certitudinem tenementi predicti ad presens ignorant nee utrum obiit seisitus ideo preceptum est ballivo distringere tenentes dictarum ter- rarum quod sint ad proximam Curiam hie tenendam ad ostendendum quomodo ingressi sunt feodum domini &c. fines xx' Ad hanc Curiam venit Alicia Gawgys vidua et in plena Curia sursumreddidit in manum domini unum clausum terre jacens juxta "bedwell" continens per estimacionem x acras cum seperali via eidem clause pertinente sive sit plus vel minus cum pertinenciis nee non unum mesuagium cum Gardino adjacente prout Includitur nuper Willielmi Basker prope ecclesiam cum suis pertinenciis que omnia premissa cum suis pertinenciis eadem Alicia cepit conjunctim cum Roberto Gawrges nuper viro suo et Johanne filio suo jam defunctis ex eoncessione domini ut patet ad Curiam hie tentam die Jovis proxima post festum Sancti Leonardi anno regni regis Henrici viij, xix ad opus et usum Henrici Richardes et heredum suorum qui presens in Curia petit admitti inde tenens Cui liberata est inde seisina, tenendum sibi heredibus et assignatis suis de domino per virgam ad voluntatem domini secundum consuetudinem manerii et dat de fine et fecit fidelitatem &c reddendo per annum viij'. satisfaccio Ad hanc Curiam venit Johannes Lacy et satisfecit domino de xx" pro arreragiis unius redditus annualis redditus iiij'' in aretro existentis per quinque annos exeuntis de tribus acris terre parcelle cujusdem Campi vocati " le Melle Felde " et inde dominus eum exoneravit &c. Nunc de Leta. Juratores Ad hunc diem veniunt Willielmus Bert Junior, Ricardus Cage, Robertus Colman, decenne Ricardus Gawges, Willielmus Richardes, Johannes Moore, Johannes Knok, Andreas Knok, Thomas Bert, Edmundus Fraunces, Ricardus Catton, Thomas Crosse, Thomas Reve, Johannes Jacob, Johannes Richard, Walterus Moore, Edvcardus Smyth et Hen- ricus Richardes et Jurati sunt in decenna domini Regis defectus secte Item dicunt quod Robertus Leche, Johannes Stirpe, Johannes Lambe, Robertus Moore, decenne Georgius Baker, Robertus Smyth, Christoferus Barrard, Thomas Salter, Johannes Crosse et Walterus Kyske sunt decenarii comorantes infra procinctum hujus lese ultra unum annum et unum diem et ad hunc diem fecerunt defaltam secte Curie ideo quilibet eorum in misericordia iij'' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 3IO Appendix pena Item dicunt quod Robertus Smyth et Thomas Crosse custodientes equas pascentes in misericordia comunibus stratis et viis hujus ville contra statutum et ordinacionem inde editas ad nocumentum et perturbacionem diversorum vicinorum, ideo ipsi in misericordia uterque iij'' preceptumque est eisdem ne sic amplius faciant sub pena uterque xij'' pena forisfac- Dicunt eciam quod Ricardus Spynlc forisfecit penam super ipsum positam in ultima tura vj'' Curia quia non escuravit fossetum apud " Coksall medowe " prout habuit in mandato preceptumque est eidem escurare et mundare sufficienter citra festum natalis domini proximura sub pena vj'' pena posita Preceptum est villate de Buxhall escurare fossatum apud " Gardyners brydge " citra festum Sancti Michaelis Archangeli proximum sub pena vj' viij"" pena Preceptum Roberto Colman escurare fossatum in "Brodbroke Strett " in longitudine juxta terram domini in firma sua ex austro dicti vici citra idem festum Sub pena iiij*" pena Preceptum Elizabethe Cage escurare fossatum apud " mans barne " ex boriali dicti vici juxta terram suam citra proximam Curiam Sub pena xij"" pena Preceptum Henrico Richardes escurare fossatum in longitudine iiij particarum juxta " Melle felde " ex oposito tenementi vocati "barons" citra proximam Curiam Sub pena vj"" pena Item dicunt quod Willielmus Kyske permisit tenementum suum nativum fore Ruinosum in omnibus necessariis ideo ipse est in misericordia preceptumque est eidem sufficienter reperare dictum tenementum citra proximam Curiam sub pena xij"" pena Preceptum este villate de Buxhall sufficienter facere metas suas citra festum Penticostes proximum Sub pena x' Affirmatum per capitales cum homagio. TRANSLATION OF A COURT ROLL 5 AND 6 PHILIP AND MARY. Buxhall. Court with leet there held in the Feast of St. Jerome the Priest in the fifth and sixth years of the reigns of Philip and Mary by God's grace of England, Spain, France, both the Sicilies, Jerusalem and Ireland, King and Queen, Defenders of the Faith, &c. Essoins. John Richar essioned by Henry Richar, Andrew Salter by John Salter, William Bradstrete by Robert Martyn, Robert Bradstrete by Robert Sevelos, Robert More and Thomas More his son essoined by John Osborne, Michael Talmage by Thomas Laman, Thomas Smyth by Richard Collen, Edward Hubbard by Robert Sevelos, John Woode by William Syer, William Goodriche by John Cooke. Plaint. Richard Elis complains against Robert Osborne of a plea of detention of one cow, pledges to prosecute : John Doo, Richard Roo. {William Syer "j Thomas Laman "j William Berte 1 Henry Richar > sworn William Kysse V sworn Henry Murton J- sworn. Richard Collen j Richard Richar ) Robert Waren J Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Fine XXUIJS Appendix 311 ' Who say upon their oath that Henry Murton out of" court surrendered into the lord's hand by the hand of George Salter, bond tenant, in the presence of Robert Smythe and Robert Crosse, likewise bond tenants, twelve acres of bond land called "bertes" lying in Buxhall, which lately were of John Tynton, which the aforesaid Henry Murton late had at the same time and in common with William Murton and Joan his wife by the surrender of Henry Murton as appears in the court held here on Thursday on the morrow of St. Jerome in the 15th year of the reign of King Henry the eighth, to the behoof of James Crosse and his heirs to whom seizin thereof is delivered. To hold to him his heirs and assigns by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the manor and by a rent of ics. by the year and suit of court, saving the right &c And he gives for fine &c and did fealty to the lord &c. Who say upon their oath that Robert Crosse, bond tenant, died since the last court and before his death surrendered into the lord's hand by the hand of Henry Murton, bond tenant, in the presence of John Crosse of Sudbury likewise bond tenant, xiiij acres of meadow and pasture land lying in Buxhall between the lands of the manor of Buxhall and the lands of the Vicar of Fynbarow called Malingdowne on the one side, and lands late of the said Robert Crosse on the other side, one head- land abutting upon lands of the manor of Fynbarrow Halle called " Lowfylde '' and another headland abutting upon the Street called Gardeners strete, to the behoof of his testament or last will, by which he willed and declared that James Crosse his brother should have all and singular the premises to him his heirs and assigns, which Fine LVjs. all and singular the premises with the appurtenances the aforesaid Robert Crosse lately had by the surrender of John Crosse his father as in the first year of King Edward the sixth appears. And hereupon the aforesaid Henry Murton into whose hands the aforesaid surrender was made and present in Court surrendered into the lord's hand the aforesaid xiiij acres of meadow and pasture land with the appur- tenances to the behoof abovesaid. And now comes the aforesaid James Crosse and prays to be admitted to the aforesaid xiiij acres of meadow and pasture land with the appurtenances, to whom seizin is thereof delivered. To hold to him his heirs and assigns by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the Manor &c saving the right &c and by the rent of iiijs by the year and suit of court &c And he gives to the lord of fine &c And he did fealty to the lord &c. And that Robert Crosse bond tenant died since the last Court and before his death surrendered into the lord's hand by the hand of Henry Murton bond tenant, in the presence of John Crosse of Sudburi, likewise bond tenant, one tenement newly built and ten acres of meadow and pasture land called " buxhall mershe " lying in Buxhall between lands of the manor of Buxhall on one side and lands called " benalles " in part and lands of William Goodridge on the other side, one headland abutting upon lands of the said manor of Buxhall and another headland abutting upon " Gardeners strete " which the aforesaid Robert Crosse lately had by the sur- render of Thomas Langerwode as in the third and fourth years of the lord and lady Philip and Mary the now King and Oueen it doth appear, to the behoof of his testament or last will, by which he willed and declared that James Crosse his brother '"^ ^' should have all and singular the premises to him and his heirs and assigns. And hereupon the beforesaid Henry Murton into whose hand the aforesaid surrender was Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 312 Appendix made and present in Court surrendered into the lord's hand the aforesaid newly built tenement and ten acres of meadow and pasture land with the appurtenances to the behoof abovesaid. And now comes the beforesaid James Crosse and prays to be admitted to the aforesaid newly built tenement and the aforesaid ten acres of meadow and pasture land with the appurtenances, to whom seizin is thereof delivered. To hold to him his heirs and assigns by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the Manor by the service of xiiijs rent by the year. And suit of Court Saving the right &c And he gives to the lord of fine &c. And he did fealty to the lord &c. death. ' And that Robert Smythe bond tenant of this Manor died since the last Court and before his death surrendered into the lord's hand by the hand of Robert Waren bond tenant in the presence of Robert Rydnall likewise bond tenant all his lands held of this Manor to the behoof of Edward his son and his heirs. (It is commanded to distrain Richard Sare so that he may be at the next Court to do fealty or other service to the lord for certain free tenements, called White erthes, of this manor by the service of ijd by the year &c. mercy iijd. And that William Kysse permits his bond tenement to be exceedingly ruinous and in decay by default of " le Thackinge " Therefore &c and it is commanded to him to well and sufficiently repair the tenement aforesaid in all things before the feast , of the Nativity of St. John Baptist under the penalty of ijs. mercy ' And that Richard Sare entered into the wood of the lord called Buxhall Woode and there cut down and carried away certain "le broche woude " and certain "le fagot bendes " out of the wood aforesaid. Therefore in mercy as in the head. And he is commanded not to do so any more under the penalty of vs. death And that Agnes Kinge of Bretenham widow died since the last court and held jointly with Anna Kinge daughter of the said Agnes certain bond tenements held , of this manor And the aforesaid Anna Kinge came not &c. mercy xviijd. iijd. ^ _ ^ iijd. iijd. And that Robert Reches esquire, William Springe esquire, Thomas Tymperley iijd, iijd. iijd. esquire, Robert Rydnall, Roger Salter, the vill of Fynbarrow because they owe suit to this court and have made default Thereof each of them in mercy as appears upon their heads. Office of ( And that they have elected Robert Waren into the office to collect all and singular colle^Pjpr. \ sums of money for the ensuing year. (And that Robert Osberne is guilty of the action aforesaid and that the aforesaid cow is, by right, of Richard Elis. And the costs and damages aforesaid are adjudged to Richard by the court at iiijd &c. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Appendix 313 Fine xs. iiijd. And that William Pylbarow in mortal extremity on his bed surrendered into the lord's hand by the hand of William Syer bond tenant in the presence of divers men one Croft called " Paynes Crofte " containing iiij acres of bond land lying in Buxhall between lands of the manor of Buxhall and lands of the manor of Fenhalle on one side and lands late of William Pilborow on the other side, one headland abutting upon lands of John Salter and another headland abutting upon lands of the said William and one piece of meadow called benetes meadow containing one acre lying in Buxhall aforesaid between* lands of the manor of Fennhalle on the further side, one headland abutting on lands of the manor of Buxhall called " peynes Crofte" and another headland abutting upon lands of the manor of Fenhalle to the behoof of his last will and testament by which it appears enough that the same William Pilborow amongst other things willed and declared as follows. "Item I bequeth to Margaret my wyff all my londes and tenements both fre and copye sett lyenge and being in Buxhall One house and Coddenham for terme of hir lyffe naturall If she mary not Item I bequeath to William my sonne the tenement with all the londes both fre and copie to the same perteyning the which I lately bought of John Salter of Badwell p . . . nge Immediately after the death of the said Margaret my wyff to Edmond my sonne tenne pounds of lawfull English money and other tenne pounds of lawfull Englishe money to Agnes my dowghter And if Margaret my forseid wyff do mari then I will that the forseid William my sonne shall pay the forseid tenn pounds to Edmund my sonne at his age of xvj years and the other tenne pounds to Agnes my dowghter at her age of xvij yeres " And the aforesaid William Pilborow in his said will or Testament made and ordained his executors the aforesaid Margaret his wife and Nicholas Pilborow his son. And hereupon the aforesaid William Syer into whose hand the surrender aforesaid had been made present in court surrendered into the lord's hand the aforesaid iiij acres of land called Peynes Crofte and the aforesaid piece of meadow called Benettes meadow which the aforesaid William Pilborow lately had by the surrender of John Salter of Badwell and Joan his wife, as in the first year of Mary the now Queen it doth appear to the behoof of the aforesaid Margaret and her assigns for the term of he-r life if she shall live sole and unmarried And if she shall be wedded and married, with remainder according to the force form and effect of the aforesaid last will or testament of the said William Pilbarow the father as is abovesaid, to which same Margaret seizin is thereof delivered by the aforesaid William Syer her attorney To hold to herself and her assigns in manner and form abovesaid by the rod at the will of the lord according to the custom of the manor, saving the right &c Rendering therefor to the lord by the year for the aforesaid Croft called Peynes Crofte iijs. vjd. and for the aforesaid piece of meadow xxd. And suit of Court And other service &c And she gives to the lord of fine &c And she did fealty to the lord &c. NOW OF THE LETE. a common fine f Who say upon their oath that they do give and ought to give for ^ certain lete as \ of ancient usage was &c. of js. 41 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® N* Mi^ 3H Appendix And that Henry Richar encroached upon the common way with his hedge from the corner of his field as far as the corner of the meadow of Daniel Richar his brother. Therefore in mercy &c And he is commanded to amend the encroachment before the feast of the Nativity of our Lord next under penalty of iijs. iiijd. And that the aforesaid Henry Richar has not yet cut off the branches of trees to forfeit I hanging across the high way from his house along the high way there as he had penalty of xijd. j (to do) upon pain at the last Icte under penalty of xijd. Therefore that is forfeited &c. to ferfeit penalty of xxd. ' And that Henry Murton has not yet cleansed his ditch at Lytill Woodefylde as William Rychar had (to do) upon pain at the last letc, to wit : from his gate as far as Rogers tufte. Therefore that penalty is forfeited And he is commanded to well and sufficiently cleanse the aforesaid ditch from Smethes corner as far as Rogers Tufte before the feast of Easter next under penalty of iijs. iiijd. r And that Edward Hubborde has not yet cleansed his ditch from Cogmans-Iane towards to forfeit | Whyte Ytrthes as he had to do at the last lete on pain of xijd. Therfore that penalty of xijd. ] penalty is forfeited &c And Richard Sare is commanded to well and sufficiently (^ cleanse the ditch aforesaid before the aforesaid feast of Easter under penalty of ijs. to forfeit penalty of xijd. Order . . . Order, under penalty. Capital pledges. under penalty. ' And that William Berte has not yet cleansed his ditch in z separate places at Crosse strete as he had to do at the last lete on pain of xijd. Therfore that penalty is forfeited &c And " he is commanded to well and sufficiently cleanse the ditch aforesaid before the feast of Easter aforesaid under penalty of ijs. Capital pledges order, that if any capital pledge of this lete being sworn, shall conceal or disclose any part of a verdict of the capital pledges among themselves found and agreed contrary to his oath, that each time he shall forfeit to the lord of this manor xs., to be levied upon his goods and chattels to the use of the lord. r Also they order that if any inhabitant of this town shall let (.? share) his tenement to such man or woman who is a breaker of hedges or who shall milk the cows of any of the neighbours or who shall steal " sheves " out of the fields in autumn time or any the like (offences) that then such inhabitant shall answer to the aggreived party for such deeds perpetrated on any such farmer at his own proper costs and cxpenccs, and besides he shall forfeit to the lord of this manor xijd. to be levied on his goods and chattels to the use of the lord &c. ' Also they order that William Syer shall procure for his wind mill such honest man as shall grind wheat, or other grain of any of the neighbours and besides make the " mele " lawfully without any fraud or deceit or any other diminution of the tolls, except under penalty of xs. forfeited to the lord of this manor to be levied on his ^ goods and chattels to the use of the lord &c. ( John Salter, "bocher" John Salter, senior Richard Leche William Skepper John Jacob ^ John Deveras John Jower Robert Sevelos Walter Kysse , sworn. John Cooke John Woode Robert Martyn Thomas Salter Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Appendix 315 ' It is commanded to distrain Margaret Pylinarow so that she may be at the next Of distraint Court here to be held, to do fealty to the lord for one messuage and six acres of for fealty. j land, meadow and pasture, late of John Salter held free of this manor by the service ^ of iijs. iiij-|d. by the year and suit of court &c. (It is commanded to distrain James Crosse so that he may be here at the next Court to do fealty to the lord for one messuage and one acre of land to the same adjoining, held free of this manor by the service of J-^d. by the year and suit of Court &c. Headborough. The tenement fasbornes The Mershe Taylors, Pyes & Wigmans Farthinges and Cleves Rames and Hawes Elis Tenement Taylors Tenement Bates Tenement Readers Tenement Edward Salter's tenemente Darwises Tenement Hiccins and Hilles Robert Osbornes Tenemente Langmers Agglettes & Footes Cogman's tenement Childe's tenement Henry Richers tenement Pyes tenement at Pyes woode Danyell Richer's tenement Oates Coote Kysses Tenement Agnes Salter's Tenement Robert Crosse for Scotes and Kebes John Crosse for Harbours Winters Tenement Thomas Smyth for Costardes The tenement at the Mille John Salter for Risbies Revelles Tenemente Revelles Tenement at Bradbrokestrete Kenettes Tenemente The tenement at Buxhall woode Pilbarowes tenement Andrew Salters tenement Caprons tenement Lambes tenement Wyllyam Syers tenement Swetmans tenement Wardes tenement Roger Salters Tenement Gages Tenement Gorelles tenement Cosons tenement The ferme of the manor of Buxhall Tilles Tenement in Bretnamstrete Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^^ K-^ INDEX Adders Hall Manor, 145, 224 Aggletts, 128, 129, 130, 148, 150 Aldams, i87» Aldewock, Alderworke, 134, 137 Aldham, 167 Alms House Field, 202 Alms Houses, 5 Amptons al. Hardhedder, 187 Babwell, Bequest to Friars of, 235 Backhouse (Bakhous) Croft, 175 Backhouse Fields, 150, 158 Bacon family, 3, 148, 211, 220, 231, 230 Bad well, 132, 133 Baker family, 30, 88, 136, 157, 159, 164, 185. 199 Baldwin, Abbot of Bury, 11, 16, 24 Bannards, 210 Barbers (Barbours) and Berts, 128, 129, 130, 148, 154, 155, 168 Barbers al. Barones land, 196 Barkers, 2, 129, 130, 190, 226 Baron, Court, 77, 78, 82, 181 Barons, 4, 148, 219, 220, 221, 222, 240 Barons Lane, 4, II, 168, 171, 220, 221 Baronys, 53 Barrowes, Barronhis, Barber's Parcel, 168 Battisford, 141 Battisford Tye, 162 Baynards, 211 Bedwell, 63, 65, 199, 200, 201, 203 Bells, 47, 48, 49, 65 Benalls, Bannels, Benaldes, Benallys, 196, 197, 203 Bendies, 135 Benets Meadow, 148, 160, 194, 238» Bennetts, 3, 211 Bentall's Croft, 135 Betts family, 176, 177, 237 Betts, Wm., Will of (1551), 237 Blackmans, 8g, 212 Blackmans, Little, 212, 213 Blacksmith's shop, 2, 127, 227 Blaxhall, Blakeshall, 31, 96 Blocks, Bleakes, Blokks, 187, 221 Blomefield's "History of Norfolk,'' cited, 31, 49, 54 Bloody Meadow, 9, 194 Boarded Barn Farm, 163 Boggas family, 119, 207, 224 Bonnet, Grant to Walter Copinger to wear, 100 Borough Lane, 5 Boulogne family, 24, 25, 27, 170, 171 Bounds, Beating the, 41 and «, 42 Bowles played on green, 21, 55 Boycroft, 214 Boycroft, Great, 150 Boycroft, Little, 148, 150 Boyton Hall, 144 Boyton Manor, 31 Bradbrook al. Broadbrook Street, 5, 6, 8, 9. 64, 89. 128, 129, 185, 214, 215, 216 Bradstreet, 134, 145, 164 Bradstreet family, 33, 87, 129, 134, 145, 159, 157, 158, 159, 164, 238 Bradstreet, Edw., Will of (1572), 238 Brandeston Manor, 183 Brett family, 17, 155, 196, 213, 229 Brettenham, Brethenham, Bretnam, i, 9, 10, 14, i6h, 17, 28, 36, 105, 112, 149, 157, 169, 184, 187, 191, 217, 239 Brettenham Street al. Breton Street, 9, 133. 134. 150. 157. 164 Bricett, 62, 149, 187 Broad Brook Street, 185, 231, 233 Broode Meadow, Brodmedowes, 185, 186 Brook Farm, 10 Brookefeld, 175 Brookes, Brokes, 215 Browns, Browys, 8, 129, 130, 190, 219, 220, 231, 232, 241, 243 Burford Bridge, 53, 144 316 Bury St. Edmunds, 14, 15, 16, 24, 47, 74, 117, 151, 156, 171, 182,184, 186, 191, 192, 210, 224, 229 Bury Abbey, ym Bury Church, St. Mary's, 185 Butterfly Farm, 5, 136, 190, 196, 223, 224 Buxhall, Acreage of, 14 ; Danes in, 23 ; Derivation of, 15 ; in Domesday, 15 ; its extent, 24; Healthiness of, 15; Population at various times, 14 Buxhall Hall, 25, 38, 53, 63, 112, 115 Buxhall Hall Farm, III, 125 Buxhall House, 10, 190, 194 Buxhall Lodge, I, 5, 190, 208 Buxhall Manor, Extent of, 86 ; List of Lords of, 130 Buxhall Marsh, Description of, 203, 204, 240 Buxhall Post Office, z, 130 Buxhall Rectory, 1, 2, 200 Buxhall Street, 218 Buxhall Tye, 6, 20, 1 1 2 Buxhall Vale, 3, 10, 190, 194 Buxhall Wood, 128, 129, 166, 206, 215 Camping Field, 194 Cantelin, Cantelon family, 27, 172 Cantloes or Cantlow, 224 Caprons, 128 Carpenter family, 112, 155, 222, 242 Carpenter, Wm., Will of (1652), 242 Cat family, 30, 51 Cat, Thos., Will of (1392), 51 Cates Coates, 4, 129, 148, 220 Chalybeate Spring in Buxhall, 4 Chapel, Primitive Methodist, 6 Chaplyn's Farm, 125?: Charities, 37, 73 Child family, 129, 231, 240 Child, Daniel, Will of (1623), 240 Childes, 128, 130 Chilton hamlet, 23, 24 Digitized by Microsoft® Index 317 Church, 2, 18, 46 ; Description of, 45, 46 ; Restoration of, 47 Church goods, 65 Church Green, 36 Church Meadow, 127 Church Street, 129, 225, 227, 228 Churchwardens' Accounts, Extracts from, 70-76 Churchyard, Headstones in, 49, 50 Churnmilk Farm, 10 Chypelfilde, 221 Clarkes Croft, 210, 211, 212 Claypytt feilde, 221 Cleves, 2 Clock, 49, 55, 70, 72, 73, 74 Cockerells Hall and Estate, 4, 7, 8, 9, 19. 27. 31. 49. S°». 64. 105, 142, 146, 171, 172, 178, 179, 219,222, 232 Cockerells Hall Manor, 124, 150, 164, 168, 170, 175, 176, 177, 179, 218, 221, 237, 242 Cocksalls Cophalls, Coxhall, III, 112, 124, 148, 152 Cocksalls Manor, 86, 186 Cocksalls Meadow, 186 Cocksall Old Rettons, 105 Cocksedge's, Mr., Account to Sir Edw. Ward, 192 Cogman's Farm, III, 128, 129, 191, 225 Cogman's Lane, 5, 9, 63, 129, 145, 223, 225 Cogsett al. Cocksetts garden, 112, 118^ 124, 191, 192, 194 Cokerell family, 27, 30, 31, 44, 97, 172, 173. I7S Colchester, St. John's Abbey, 2, 28, 62 Coles Farm, 8, 9, 130, 190, 214, 216, 233 Combs, 14, 23, 24, 33, 35, 155, 205 Cooper's Lane, 10 Copdock, 30, 166 Copinger, Origin of name, 52K Copinger family, 4, 7, 8, 9, 19, 21, 30, 31. 33. 34. 35. 37. 40, 44. 45. 47, 49. 52, 53. 55. 56, 57. 58. 60. 62, 63, 66, 83. 94. 95. 96, 97. 98, 99. 100. loi, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, no, III, 112,113, 114, 115,116,117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130, 131, 138, 149, 152, 158, 159, 168, 169, 171, 178, 179, 180, 181, 190, 191, 192, 194, 196, 200, 204, 207, 211, 214, 216, 217, 218, 219, 222, 223, 225, 226, 232, 233, 235, 236, 237, 238, 240, 243, 244 Copinger, Agnes, Will of (1599). 240 Copinger, Henry, Will of, 114 Copinger, John, Will of (1441), 235 Copinger, Wm., Will of (1436), 53 Copinger, Margaret, Will of (17 10), 243 Copinger Hall, 190 Copingers Field, 162, 239K Copperfield, 202 Copyholders of the Manor, 148 Copyholds enfranchised, 164 Cordes, 53, 175, 224 Coslands, 5 Cosons, Cossyns, 128, 129 Costardes, 128, 129, 198 Cottage Farm, 209 Cottage, The, 3, 130, 190, 2H Court Rolls [see Appendix), Extracts from, 18, 19, 20, 21, 83, loi, 128, 175 Courts of the Manor, Description of, 77 Courts, Right to hold, i8i Cow, Gift of red, 239 Greeting, 23, 24, 30, 32, 33 Greeting St. Peter, 35 Greeting West, 34, i87« Crosse family, 6«, 33, 128, 132, 134, 139. 152,154. 163, 168,201,202,204, 212, 227, 228, 229, 238, 242 Crosse, Edw., Will of (1635), 242 Crosse, John, Will of (1571), 238 Crosse Street, 51 Crosse Street Green, 152 Crosseuers, 1 96 Grossland, 152 Davington Court Estate, 102, 104 Deenes Woode, 129 Deepwell Cottages, 1 1 Denys Fylde, 188 Dickenson, Geo., fined for playing bowls, 21, 55 Domesday, 18, 24, 25, 62 Dovecote, 17, 18 Dovehouse, 64, 65 Drinkstone, i6«, 50«, 173, 185, 239 Drivers Land, 37 Drivers Ley Meadow, 126 Ducking-stool, 17 Edgars, 65 Edwardes, 136, 145 Elis, Elysses, 128, 129, 130 Elizabeth's, Q., visit to Onehouse, 32 Elmsett, 178 Elmswell, 29^ Enhams, 36 Entre, The, 209 Erewell River, 16 Esturmy, Sturmyn, family, 28, 29, 30, 31. 44, 94. 95. 96, 97. 13° Everard family, 205, 207, 208, 224, 225 Eye, 152 Eye Honor, 93, 97« Farrow Field, 127 Farthings and Cleves, 2, 128, 129, 190, 229, 230 Fasbourn al, Copinger al. Fareborne al. Fausebrounys Hall, 6, 9, 17, III, 118, 190, 191, 193, 194, 215, 218, 223, 233, 236 Fasbournes, 21, 105, in, 112, 115, 12S, 233 Fausebroun, Geoff., 30, 51, 190 Fawkneses Wood, 188, 189 Fen Street, 3, 10, 132, 213 Fenn Farm, Little, II Fenn Hall, 3, 11, 31, 160, 171, 182, 211 Fenn Hall Manor, 27, 91, 160, 182, 186, 187, 188, 2og, 210, 212, 221 Fewks Meadow, Little, 168 Finborough, Finesbrigg, Fymbarowe, 24, 27, 29, 35, 7i», 64, 86, 94, 96, 132, 140, 144, 145, 154, 162, 167, 171, i87«, 229, 237, 238, 239 Finborough Great, 5, 14, 16, 17, 30, 31, 32, 36, 43. 48»,53. 73. 105. "0. "2. 136, 146, 147, 163, 166, 191, 195, 197, 198, 202, 207, 208, 223, 224 Finborough Green, 162, 197 Finborough Hall, 18, 33, 147, 166, 185 Finborough High Road, 5, 197 Finborough, little, 14, 32, 105, no, 112, 146, 191 Finborough Vicarage, 199, 200, 201 Finborough White Horse, 73 Fines, Extracts from Feet of, 29, 51 Fire Engine, 74, 76 Fish Ponds, 4, 17, 223 Folkard family, 45 Font, 46 Footes, 128, 129, 130, 134, 140 Foots and Kybes, 132 Fotes and Ketes, 128 Frankpledge, 17, 78, 79, 80, 81 Free tenants of the Manor, 132 Friars, 130 Frodo, n, 24, 26, 186 Frotes, 238 Fryers, 2, 129, 190, 203, 228, 229 Fuller family, 37, 38, 40, 49, 50, 60, 66, 67, 68, 69, 72, 73, 146, 151, 157, 165. 185, 203, 205, 210, 218 Fundlings al. Barons, &c., 148, 168, 196 Gages, 128, 129 Gardenfield, 211 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^ 318 Index Gardiner Bridge, i, 199, 200, 203 Gardiner Street, i, 132, 197, 201, 204 Gardiners, 37 Gardiners, Little, 112, 113, 126 Garners, Great, 214 Garnham family, 10, 37, 65, 74, i6i, 195 Gipping, 32, 33, 35 Gipping River, 16 Goddard family, 10, 35, 37, 66, 161, 194, 195, 212 Goddards, 161 Gooch family, 61, 127 Goodday family, 113, 117, 118, 121, 123, 191, 193, 216, 219 Goodday, Geo., Letters to Rev. Mr. Copinger from, 119, 120 Gorelles, 128 Gorey Croft, 134 Gravel pittes, 221, 222 Gream Any Croft, 137 Green, Church, 36 Green, Village, 19, 20, 21, 22 Grenewaye al. Bradbrooke Street, 89 Grey Friars, 2 Grindell or Watercourse, 168, 196 Gunneldecroft, 186 Gunnels v. HoUybush Hadleigh, 121, 122, 123, 177 Hamais, 29 Hamlings or Hamblins, 127, 209, 211 Hardheads al. Hardhols, 9, 1 12, 124, 223 Harleian charters cited, 173 Harleston, Halston, 14, 31, 33, 35, 61, 195, 208 Haughley, Haule, Hawelee, 23, 24, Z9«. 31. 33. 35. 51 Hawes, Hawds, 129, 148, 158, 164, 165 Headstones, 49, 50 Herdhedder Meadow, 134 Heygate, Highgate, 134, 139, I41, 146 Heygate al. Higgat Field, 145 Heygate Lane, 141 Hiccins and Hilles, 128, 130 High Street, 5, 128, 135, 136, 154, 206 High Street Green, 154, 162, 208 Highams, 3, 129, 209, 210, 211 Hill family, 3, i6«, 36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 43. 45. 47. 58. 59. 60, 61, 62,65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 75, 76, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 159, 167, 180, 181, 194, 203, 205, 208, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 217, 218, 219, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 231, 232, 233, 235. 236 Hills in Buxhall, 17 Hills, Hylls, 129, 209, 220, 221 Hills Entry, 210, 211 Hintlesham, 50«, 177, 178 History, methods of treating parish examined, 13 Hitcham, Hecham, Heckham, Hycham, Hytcham, 5, 14, i6«, 28, 30, 31, 43, 105, 112, 140, 177, 184, 187, 191, 223, 239 Hivetree Farm, 10 Hoggs Meadow, 119 Holbeck Meadow, 150 HoUingsworth's " Stowmarket," cited, 13. 15. 24. 26«, 44 HoUybush al. Gunnals, al. Waspes Farm, 4, 11, 38, 129, 130, 177, 178, 190, 218, 219, 220 Home Field, 198, 202 Hopyard in Buxhall, 126 Horsewager, Horse-Mayre, 144 Houghton family, 7, 31, 132, 159, 184 Howard, John, Will of (1457), 53 Howletts, 114, 115, 168, 195, 196 Hungerford family, 7, 132, 184 Huyfeld, 135 Hyghefield, 136 ICKWORTH Manor, 174 Iken, 28, 29 Ingelric, 24, 25, 170 Inhams, 64, 65 Inmans, 64 Inquisitiones Nonarum, 44 Inwood, loi Ipswich, 14, 16, I7«, 27, 46, 64, 119, 121, 171, 177, 193, 197, 217, 231 Ipswich Great Domesday, 27, 94 Itinerary of parish, I Ixworth, 54 Jarold's Wood, 58, 243 Jermyn family, 103, 107, 109, 158, 159, 177 Jewer or Jewers family, 67, 143, 147, 196 Joes Mill, 144 Jordans Lays, Jordingleys, 214, 217 Jower, Jowre family, 90, 142, 143, 146, 147.' 197. 204, 239, 240 Jower, Wm., Will of, 240 Kemball family, 8, 37, 40, 41, 67,68, 69. 73. 74. 76, 88, 127, 156, 169, 223, 227 Kemballs Farm, 7, 57 Kennetts, Cannetts, 2, 128) 129, 130, 190, 225, 226, 228 Kiln Lane, 6, 9 Kinshins, Kinchans, Kynchens, Quin- shins, 85, 187, 215 Knights' fee. Amount of, 27 Kynchnors, 189 Kynge family, 8, 169, I94« Kynkyne, 189 Kyssebyes, 213 Kysses, 128 Laman, Thos., Will of (1589), 239 Lambert family, 38, 39, in, 185, 192, 193. 231 Lambes, 128 Lancaster, Honor of, 27, 28, I7i« Langmers, 128, 129, 130, 150, 187,215 Lanman, Laman, Lawman family, 157, 162, 239 Lavenham, Lamenham, 56, 64, 103, 105, 106, 107, III, 152, 175, 176, 177 Leches, 129, 130 Leet, Court, 78-89 Leffey, Leaffey, Lefflye Hall, 67, 31, 181, 182, 185 Leffey Manor, 19, 27, 32, 119, 134, 135, 150, 152, 158, 168, 175, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 196 Leffey Meadow, 6 Lepkyns, 145 Leversfield, Lyverfield, 186 Lock Meadow, 113, 200 Lockwood family, 72, 86, 136, 197, 202, 242 Lockwood, Thos., Will of (1646), 242 Lodge Farm, i, 5, 129, 190, 197, 198, 203, 205 Longmers, Longmas, 141, 150, 159 Lover's walk, 7 Lower Farm, 43 Lydgate, Monk of Bury, 16 Maidwells, 2 Mallyn Down, 199, 200, 201 Malt House al. Maltings, 6, 17, 43 Maltywards family, 10, 35, 38, 49, 50, 66, i6l, 194, 195 Manor, Etymology of, 77 Martin family, 33, 35, 63, 64, 72, 84, 89, 112, 129, 138, 140, 142, 147, 158, 202, 208, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 221, 241 Martin Field, 63, 214 Martin, Richard, Will of (1631), 240 Maye family, 221, 222, 240 Maye, Simon, Will of (1 621), 240 Maypole Farm, 2, 130, 190, 212, 213 Meadowegate, 209, 210 Digitized by Microsoft® mmmm afiiiii^ie' Index 319 Meare Picks a/. Marl Pikes, 149 Melle damme, 135 Melford, Long, 157, i86, 205 Mendlesham, 168, 224, 239, 242 Mill, 4, 17, 18, 19, 25 Mill Cottages, igo, 230 Mill Field, 19, 20, 38, 112, 113, 115, 220, 221, 222 Mill Green, 6, 14S, 163 Mill Hill, 135, 136 Mill Street, 6 Misery ai. Micherie Lane, 7, 41 Moyle family, 179, 180, 219, 22/, 232 MuUetts, 7 Murton family, 154, 166, 206, 208, 232, 241 Muskett family, 7, 34, 150, 158, 159. 212, 213 Noah's Ark Farm, 7, 8, 186 North family, 132, 154, 166, 167, 178, 198, 223, 243 Old Pond Field, 7, 186 Onehouse, 7, 10, 14, 23, 24, 28, 31, 32. 33. 35. 43. 72. i87«, 19s Organ, 49, 172 Orwell a/. Erewell River, 16, 17 Osborne family, 55, 66, 129, 135, 150, 151, 157, 182, 209, 213 Overhill, 210, 2H Overierdge, 145 Overwood, 169 Oxer family, 40, 67, 71, 72, 165 Paddock Meadow, 198, 217 Parish Officers, List of, 65-69 Parish Registers, 244-305 Park Farm, 5, 9^ 10, 190, 223 Parkin family, 166, 167 Parminsters, 58, 243 Passefonte family, 55, 87 Passefonte, Thomas, Will of (1567), 54 Patent Rolls, Extracts from, 29, 51 Paynes Bridge, 10, 188 Paynes Croft, 148, 160, 194, 213, 238« Petit family, 102, 119, 169, 192, 193 Petits Ley, 10 Pettiward, R. J., 41, 65 Pictaviensis, Roger, 24, 92, 94, 130 Pike family, 61, 68, 69, 201 Pilbarowe family, 9, 10, 66, 88, 112, 115, 129, 132, 133, 142, 157, 159, 160, 165, 202, 216, 218, 223, 238, ^2 Pilbarowe, John, Will of (1597), 238 Pilbarowe, John, Will of (1637), 242 Pilbarowes, 9, 128, 129, 130, 216 Plumb's Farm, 218 Poictou, Roger de, 25, 26, 92, 93, lyin Pond Farm, 10 Ponds at Park Farm, 223 Ponds, Fish, 4, 17, 223 Poor's Rate (1729), 37 t'ot Ash Office, 226 Pound, 17, 18 Pound House or Cottage, 18 Powell's Farm, 9, 112, 114, 216 Purcas family, 155, 156, 226, 229 Purple Hill Farm, 10, 56, 130, 190, 210, 212, 213 Purr family, 40, 49, 67, 68, 69, 74, 76, 127, 156, 162, 226 Pyes and Hymans, 128, 197 Pye Hatch, 8, 10, 88, 112, 113, 116, 118, 124, 125, 126, 127, 169 Pyes Tenement, 128, 129, 130 Pyes Street, 169 quailstone, 134, 144 Ramplyn's, 37 Rattlesden, II, 14, 16, 17, 23, 28, 29;/, 30, 31, 32, 41, 42, 45, 48«, 56, 97, 105, no, 112, 114, 129, 148, 149, 164, 173, 187, 191, 195, 205, 209, 211, 218, 220, 221, 231, 236 Rattlesden Field, 198 Rattlesden Manor, 3, 58, 243 Rattlesden Wood, 58, 243 Rectors, 59 Rectory built (1710), 42 Redenhall family, 52«, 114, 139, 175, 180 Reeve family, 54, 56, 206 Registers, Parish, 244-305 Revelles, 128, 129, 130 Reynolds, 9, 107, 112, 118, 121, 140, 166, 177, 215, 223 Richer family, 4, 20, 33, 39, 40, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 86, 128, 129, 130, 136, 149, 150, 184, 186, 198, 199, 201, 203, 206, 211, 225, 226, 228, 230 Risbies, 128, 129, 130, 212 River in Buxhall, 16 Rivett family, ^, II, 82, 91, 103, 132, 133, 187, 189 Rivetts, 3, 129, 130, 190, 208 Rowley family, il, 186, 187, 188 Rudlands, 8, 138, 190, 233, 234 Rush family, 150, 232, 240, 241 Rush Meadow, 199, 200, 202, 203 Rushbrooke, 103, 109, 177, 187 Rydnal family, 168, 195, 196, 215, 239, 240 Rydnal, Robert, Will of (1597), 239 Rydnal, Robert, Will of (1631). 242 Salter family, 3, 8, 10, 20, 21, 33, 34, 35. 37. 38, 55. 65. 72, 73. 83. 84, 86, 128, 129, 130. 132. 133. 137. 138. 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 160, 165, 176, 188, 196, 197, 206, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 220, 221, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 237, 238, 244 Salter, Roger, Will of, 237 Salters, 8, 10, 38, 129, 188, 209, 219 Savernak, 28 Scotes and Kebes, 128, 129 Selowes v. Smyth Semans Croft, 140 Seyrs 'family, 129 ; v. Syre Shelland, Shellone, 14, 29K, 31, 35, 49, 165, i87«, 195 Shelland Hall, 175 Sieelys, 133 Sink, The, 210 Skondons al. Scotyna Meadow, 144, 220, 221 Slyders, Sleyders, 63, 113 Small Hobbyes, 145, 148, 162, 239 Smallpox prevalent, 35 Smith's Farm, 112, 124, 236, 242 Smythe al. Bayiy al. Selowes family, 7, 68, 89, 102, 128, 13s, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 142, 145, 146, 147, 148, 166, 197, 200, 204, 206, 215, 216, 219, 220, 238, 239 Smythes and Bradstrets, 148, 157 Sowgate family, 18, 20, 21, 143 Sparrow family, 124, 125, 127 Spearmomdowns, 185 Spertam, 209 Spetyllman Street, 6, 134, 158 Spikes Street, 203 Spink family, 11, 37, 41, 45, 67, 68 69, 71, 74, 76, 127, 156, 188, 218, 226 Spring family, 103, 132, 134, 175, 176, 177, 184, 187, 188, 189 Standons Meadows, 137 Stearn family, 7, 39, 40, 61, 66, 67, 6g, 71, 73, 74, 127, 149, 165, 212, 218, 2ig, 220, 222, 232 Stebbings v. Wards Stocks, Village, 17 Stone from Caen used in building Bury Abbey^ 16 Stone Farm, 5, 128, 167, 223 Stonyland, 185 Stonyland Pasture, 200 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 320 Index Stowmarket al. Thorney, 14, 15, 16, i7«, 23, 24, 31, 32, 35, 49, 50, 64, 72, II5«, 126, 130, 151, 15s, 156, 163, 166, 171, i87«, 191, 192, 209, 218, 231 Stownpland, 33, 35, 157 Studd family, 21, 141, 226, 228, 230 233. 234 Sturman's Croft, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203 Sturmyn v. Esturmy Styllemans Street, 134 Subsidy Rolls, Extracts from, 32, 33 Sulyard family, 37, 149-151, 182, 212 Sulyards, 2 Surveyors' Books, Extracts from, 40 Sweeps Hall, 10 Swetmans, 128, 129 Syre, Sier, Syer family, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37«, 55, 64, 86, 90, 141, 146, 155, 159, 188, 189, 209«, 210, 234, 238 Talons, 147 Taylor family, 39, 51, 129, 133, 137, 138, 152, 155, 162, 229 Taylors, S, 90, 128, 129, 197 Taylors Croft, 137, 220, 221 Taylors Pyes, 128, 129 Terriers, 62-65 Tile Kilne, 115, 135 Tilles, 128 Timperley family, 31, 50, 132, 144 Tithes, 65 Tylehill, 113 Upper Bainow, 142 Valley Cottages, 232 Valley Farm, 8, 17, 18, 130, 190, 214, 215, 218, 219, 233 Vesey family, 4, 50;?, 124, 171, 177, 178, 179, 219 Village Green, 19, 20, 21, 22 Village stocks, 17 Wade family, 4, 86, 89, 112, 115, 192, 19s, 196, 230 Wallers, 8, 214 Walles Meadow, 63 Wallings, 209, 210 Warburton familyj 205, 208, 224, 225 Ward family, I, 30, 33, 40, 66, 67, 70, 71, 72, 118, 119, 191, 192, 194, 223 Wards, 5, 128, 129, 136, 223 Wards and Stebbings, 169 Warren family, 26, 87, 148, 157, 181, 182, 225 Waspes V. HoUybush, &c. Wells, Eugene, 10, 65, 195 Wenieve family, 115, 116, 144, 178 Wetherden, 23, 24, 28, 31, 33, 35, 180 Weyland family, 28, 29, 31, 182, 183 Whalebone Farm, 7 Wheatcroft, 210 Whitings, Whytyngas, 139 White erthe, 139 Wills, Early, wfth extracts, 235-243 Windishes a/ Wynchyshes, 3, 129, 130, 209 Windmill in Buxhall, 112, 115 Wood family, 134, 137, 140, 143, 150, 156, 164, 185, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 216, 230 Wood Street, 8, 9, 85, 86, i85«, 215 Woodfield, 166, 197, 208, 214, 215 Woodfield, Great, 205, 207 Woodfield, Little, 166, 205, 206 Woodfield, Middle, 205, 207 Woodhall Manor, 3, 32, 188 Woollen, Burials in, 300, 301 Woolpit, Woollpytt, I, 31, 40, 71, 72, 151, 196, 210, 223, 240 Worlands, 43 World's End, 8, 9, 10, 127 Wygmans, 90 11 TnwIN BROTH I*-/ Printers in Aritit(uc=: j l