BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFTOF iicnrg W.' Sage 1891 JrUjsA^ aopjj _. Cornell University Library PA 3875.P2 1873a ..P.?i?.fiS. of Aristophanes 3 1924 026 466 478 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924026466478 THE PEACE OF ARISTOPHANES. EDITED BY W. C. GREEN, M.A^ LATE FELLOW OF KING'S COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE ; ASSISTANT MASTER AT RUGBY SCHOOL. Ionium : LONGMANS AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW, 1873. f\. ia.7 5" fr* CAMBRIDGE : W. METCALFE AND SOBS, PRINTERS, GREEN STREET. PEEFACE. In continuing the edition of the plays of Aristophanes already commenced in the Catena Classicorum some changes in arrangement have appeared desirable. The notes have been thrown to the end; which seems the better plan for school purposes ; and the text has been cleared of ob- jectionable matter. If this be done, there are reasons why Aristophanes should be more read in schools than he is at present. In style he is elegant, clear, and easy (difficulties of allusion, &c. being explained) ; and, being lively and amusing, is likely to keep the attention of the young student. W. 0. GEBEN. Rugby, January 1873. INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. In the spring of the year b.c. 421 all Greece was weary of the Peloponnesian war, which had now lasted ten years. And many reasons made both' Athens and Sparta desirous of peace, for which there seemed a fair opening without discredit to either side. The Lacedaemonians had failed to make short work with the Athenians, whom they had expected to humble and reduce in a very few years. They ravaged Attica indeed, but the Athenians retaliated by descents on their coasts; and, being masters of the sea and of strong positions in Cythera and Pylos, they inflicted as much or more damage than they suffered. The Helots were deserting continually ; and a general rising of this class might be apprehended should opportunity offer. The disastrous issue of matters at Pylos, followed by the capture of the Spartan troops on the islet of Sphacteria, was a decisive and discouraging blow: so much so, that Sparta at once made overtures to Athens, to which, however, the Athenians, elated by their success, would not then listen. Soon after this the balance was in some measure restored by the brilliant successes of Brasidas among the Athenian dependencies on the northern shores of the iEgean ; but, as these were due entirely to the personal character and influence of Brasidas himself, and as this style of warfare away from home did not suit the general character of his countrymen, the Lacedaemonians were mistrustful of continued success, and eager to conclude a peace while they had something to offer in exchange for their captives from VI INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. Sphacteria. And, further, their treaty of thirty years with Argos was on the point of expiring, and they were afraid the Argives might join Athens against them. The Athenians, on the other hand, had never liked the war. They had suffered cruelly at its commencement; the plague had come to add to their distress ; they lost all the enjoyments of country life ; were cooped up in the town ; and at one time almost reduced to despair and ready for any negotiations of truce or peace. But, as no terms could he agreed upon, they went on with the war ; the tide turned in their favour ; and they obtained a series of successes, ending with the capture of the flower of the Spartan hoplites on Sphacteria. For a time this made them so proud that they refused all overtures from Sparta, being especially in- stigated thereto by Cleon, who now had the ear of the people. But they met with a check in their defeat by the Boeotians at Delium, and in their reverses in the Thrace-ward district, where Cleon's troops were signally routed at Amphipolis. This again inclined them to peace, with some regrets, no doubt, that they had not accepted it a year or so earlier. And it so happened, that in one day at Amphipolis fell the two men who chiefly opposed peace, Brasidas and Cleon. Brasidas (says Thucydides) loved war for the glory it brought him ; Cleon hated peace, because in quiet times his misdeeds would be more easily detected. These two being removed, the peace, which all wished for, could not long be dalayed. Hostilities were suspended, negotiations begun (Thuc. v. 15, 16). At this critical time, at the Great Dionysia b. c. 421, Aristophanes exhibited his play — The Peace — when the sub- • ject was filling every one's mind. The actual conclusion of the Peace of Nicias followed immediately (Thuc. v. 1 9, 20) ; a peace for fifty years. And everything in the play agrees with this date. Cleon is mentioned as dead (v. 649) ; also Brasidas, who is 'the Lacedaemonian pestle lent abroad in the Thrace-ward district' (v. 284). Peace is not yet made ; INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. Vll but we know for certain that, immediately after the Great Dionysia of this year, it was made. One line in the play (v. 990), where Athens is said to have been ' pining for peace thirteen years,' led Paulmier to put the play later; but the poet there may be well understood to date the thirteen years from the Corinthian and Corcyraean troubles, in which Athens had been involved three years before the formal commence- ment of the Peloponnesian war. The Peace is in many points like The Aeharnians ; but, whereas in The Aeharnians only a temporary truce is hoped for and gained by Dicaeopolis, it is a permanent peace in the later play. And while the Aeharnians is limited and local in the interests involved, treating chiefly of the suffer- ings of Attica from the Peloponnesian invasions, as also of the neighbouring Boeotia and Megaris, The Peace is more national and Hellenic. Both these plays divide rather simi- larly into two parts, separated by the Parabasis. The first treats of the recovery of truce or peace ; the second of the happy results and merry-makings that follow. The scenic arrangements of The Peace present some diffi- culties. The lower stage represented Trygaeus' house and premises ; his monster beetle is being fed in an enclosure or pen, the doorsto which certainly open on the stage, as in v. 28 ; the servant peeps in and reports to the spectators the beginning of Trygaeus' ascent. Apparently Trygaeus rises into view above the walls of the beetle-sty, and continues to ascend, stopping at intervals for some of the dialogue, till he reaches the upper balcony, or pluteum (see Donaldson's Greek Theatre, Book in. Ch. 1). Here is the palace of Zeus ; here Trygaeus remains ; and here the action is carried on till v. 728, when Trygaeus descends by a back staircase, to re-appear below, when the Parabasis or Address is con- cluded. And here too, probably, was the mouth of the cave into which the goddess Peace had been thrust. For Hermes speaks of it in v. 224, as if close by ; and in vv. 727—8, Trygaeus is to descend ' close by the goddess,' that is by Vlll INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. entering the cave's mouth, to some staircase, by which also Theoria and Opora had come out upon the upper stage, and were now to follow him down. And the goddess Peace (a colossal image) must, when raised, have been close to Hermes, for, in vv. 660 — 705, he converses with her in a low voice. Trygaeus and Hermes also. appear from v. 469 sqq., to take part in pulling at the ropes by which Peace is drawn up. How the image was raised, cannot be exactly decided : the visible pulling by the Chorus was perhaps assisted by some contrivance for pushing it up from below. And the actions of the Chorus present some difficulty. The Chorus must be down below all the while, their dancing must be in the orchestra; and neither the Chorus proper, nor the supernumeraries of all nations and trades who appear to have helped in the pulling, can have been up on the higher stage. Yet they are called upon to bring shovels to clear the mouth of the cave, which could not have been of much use. And it is not very plain whether they do use them; they are told to do so in v. 426, but immediately afterwards are called on to pull at the ropes. And Trygaeus in v. 470 is straining at a rope coming from the mouth of the cave. How then, with the mouth of the cave above, were the ropes which the Chorus brought fastened to the image. Possibly they were .thrown up to Trygaeus and Hermes, and were by them attached to the image, passing over pulleys, so that though worked from below they yet raised or seemed to raise the weight. Some, however, think that the mouth of the cave was on the lower stage. If so, the Chorus may have used their shovels immediately after v. 427 : then they, took to the ropes, and Hermes and Trygaeus directed opera- tions from above, not pulling themselves. Some violent alteration of vv. 469 — 71 is then necessary. And the goddess Peace must, when raised, have reached to the upper stage, or nearly so, for Hermes to whisper to her ; and Opora and Theoria must have come out upon this stage at the proper moment, for they certainly follow Trygaeus down. For surely INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. ix in v. 727 Ssiip' ii Kopai Eireadov afx Ifxol QHttov is addressed to ' Opora and Theoria^ and at v. 832 Trygaeus expressly says that he got them ' from heaven.' The fact is that, in what- ever way we suppose' this part of the play arranged, some difficulties will remain, and some 'inconsistencies with regard to the raising of the image and the co-operation of Hermes and Trygaeus ahove with the others below. But of scenic inconsistencies the Athenian public was perhaps tolerant in comedy. It is at all events plain that Trygaeus re-appears on earth and at his house for the second half of the play, when the statue of the goddess Peace is inaugurated, and they all retire to make merry within. Aristophanes gained the second prize with The Peace ; Eupolis being first with The Flatterers; Leucon third with The Clansmen. In one of the Greek arguments Aristophanes is said to have exhibited two plays of this name. Fragments are cer- tainly quoted as from The Peace, which are not in the play we now have. But Rogers (who discusses this matter fully in his Preface) supposes, with some probability, that these belonged to a lost play Tewpyoi. The Peace cannot be reckoned one of Aristophanes' best plays — the plot is rather awkward; the colossal image of Peace was ridiculed as a clumsy device by his contem- poraries Eupolis and Plato the comedian. Yet the play has its special merits : the country pictures are good and genuine. It is the last of those Aristophanic plays which we may term (for distinction's sake) historical and political. An interval of seven years separates it from The Birds ; and this and the succeeding plays are certainly of a lighter character ; for though of course abounding with allusions and containing perhaps covertly some political lesson, they deal more with social life and literature, and are in a more playful vein. Eanke indeed ends the first period of Aristophanes' dramatic poetry with The Clouds ; and in some respects this division X INTRODUCTION TO THE PEACE. is borne out by a change, in the poet's style ; but a division quite as strongly marked may be made after The Peace. Eichter (Berlin, 1860) and Eogers (London, 1866) have edited separately The Peace; the former with Latin notes and full Prolegomena; the latter with an accompanying Ea-lish translation, and an excellent Preface, especially on historical points and the state of Greece at the time. TABLE OF THE READINGS DINDOBFS AND MEINEKE'S TEXTS. DINDORF. MEINEKE. 2. 01. B. ISov. 01. A. COS OI. B. ISov. 86$ 3. OI. B. KCLL Kal 5. 01. A. -jtoD yap irou yap 6. OI. B. fXCL TOV OI. A. fxa tov 8. OI. A. aW cos d)OC <<.<<: 18. aVTTJV OI.A. avTr\v 19. 1 OI. A. V7] TOV OI. B. 1>?J TOV 20. OI. B. vfidav S£ y' vp.u\ti^6ts ;. 456. TP. 'Epp.rj 4»69, AW ay£0* t\K£Tov * * «ai 493.. (opyetot* 4,97. iu.fi v •>" °^" E^£t Ta^u 7raVu MEINEKE. tOTTLKlWV SiKav it pafcatT* 'A.0r}vaiav, /id At' Guiau ai/Tos TJadofArjv d) as Mercurio continuat 544. EP. aipol TP. alfioi 548. TP. 6 8k Speit 6 6b Sptir 582. jj\0ee i][xiv aap-ivoLS to dcr/XEvoia-iv rj\0E9 r\iCiv 587- —590. fxovri yap ?]juas (ofpiXsis iraa-iv otroaoi yEtapyou iraartv ottoctoi (3lov e- fiiov irplfioiAEv TpifiopLEV ytwpyiKov fxovr\ yap ijjuas w^eXeis 603. arocptuTaTOL XlTTHjOVT/TES 611. svdddE ivdadl 618. TroWa y' ttoW dp' 640. £0*. XO. £i>x. 5r> 978- -86. Servi sunt Chori sunt 1000. p.Eya\oiv. V Wleyapwv 1047. OI. oStos y£ . .'Qpsov Trygaeo continuat 1048. Ti ttot' apa k££ti OI. Tt ttot* apa. Xt^Et 1066. OI. ai/3. |8. OI. tfafav TP, Tt ysXas ; TP. ai$ % jS. IEP. Tt yAas; TP. ^ iravaai '(fivfipi^uov 1251. &vT£8u>Ka y' dvrl dvTzBwK' iyw 'vri 1262. SiaTrpKrdElEV Bta-jrpitreiEv 1267. Sokel SoKsiv 1271. a$ov adtov 1275. p.Epvrip.Evov flEp.V1JfJ.iv09 1278. aSov aSaov 1294. 16 v itvv' 1307. Eflf3aX\ETOV ififtdWET' tZ 1333. TpurpuKap Tpis fid/cap 1344- -48. Trygaei sunt Chori sunt 1,350- -57. Chori sunt Trygaei sunt r n O © E 2 I 2. 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Kpdrqg fxivrui Svo oioE Bpdfiara ypd(j>u)v ovrwg' dXX' ovv ys iv ro'tg 'A%apVEV0-iv, ri HaflvXuvioig, r) iv rrj Eripa. Eipi'jvrj. nal o-iropa.- Sr/v Be riva iroif)fiara irapdrWETai, arrsp iv ry vvv icwifd wpouiowa. 6ES2PIA I API2T04>AN0T2 EIPHNH. OIKETHS A. 0IKETHS B. '01. A. Atp' alpe fiwCfiv £09 Ta^iora KavOdptp. 01. B. ISoV. S09 aVTO) TW K&KMTT ' dlToXoVfieVtO' Kal firjTTOT avTr)<; fidXfiuv rjhico (fidyot,. 01. A. So? fid^av erepav ef oviBoov nreifXao-fxevrfV. 01. B. ISov fidX' av8i<; m irov yap rjv vvv hrj 'cpepes ; 5 ov Karecfrayev ; 01. A. fid tov At', dXX' i^apirdo-a? rd^iara Tplfte 7roWa9 Kal •7rv/cvd<;. 01. B. dvSpe? KoirpoXoyot, irpoo-Xdfteo-de Trpos 8eS>v, el fir) fie fiovXeaO' diroTrviyevTa irepuhelv. 10 e>09 fiev, avSpes, aTroXeXvadai fioi So/car oiSels yap av alrj fie fidTTOvr' eaQiew. OI. A. alfioi, (pep' aXXr/v, jfarepav fioi j^dripav, 15 Kal rplf? W eTepas. 01. B. fid tov 'AttoXXco '70) fiev ov. ov yap W oto? t' e'ifi' v-rrepej^eiv T179 dvTXias. OI. 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B. w BecnroT' aval;, to? irapairale^. 90 TP. alya crlya. OL B. irol Bf}T r aXXeos fierecopoKOTrelg ; TP. t>7rep 'EXX^vwi/ 7raj'Twi' ireTOfiav, ToXfirifia veov ira\afi'qcrdfievorip,eiv XPV * a ' PV 4>Xavpov fjLTjBev iroi(Ti (f>pdcrov crtydv, tou? T6 KOTrp&va'i Kai to? \avpa? Kaivals w\lv0ouriv diroiKoBo/ieiv. 100 01. B. ovk ecrd' oirm? criytfcrofj,', rjv yu.77 fiot tfrpdoys O7roi TrereuQat, Biavoel. TP. rl B , aWo 7' rj cos tov At" et? tov ovpavov ; 01. B. TtVa vow e^mv ; TP. iprjero/jLevos eicelvov 'EWrjvcov irepi 105 a7ra|fa7raj/T&>v Tt iroielv fiovkeverai. 01. B. easy Se fit] crob KaTayopevay ; TP. ypdyjrofiai MrjBoicnv avTov irpoBtBovai ttjv 'EXKdBa. Ot. B. fid tov Atovvaov ovBewore ^ojvto KaicoBaifiova. KOPAI. a> iraTep, o) iraTep, dp' eTVfios 76 Bwpao-tv r/fierepoi^ <£art? rjicei 1 15 a>? av fier' opvlOcov irpoTuircbv ifie e? KopaKas f3aSiel //.era/^&ivto? ; ear* Tt twvS' eTvp.ci ev irpd^af eX8(o irdXtv, eger' ev &pa KqXXvpav fieyaXrjv Kal kovBvXov otyov eV avTrj. KO. 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EP, Irj lij Irj, 195 6V ovB' efieWes eyyi><; elvai r&v decbv (ppovBob yap e'^^es elaiv egaicio-'fievoi. TP. trol ^ijs y EP. ISoi) yi}?. TP. aX\a irol ; EP. iroppa tr-avv, vtt ai/Tov dre'xy&i; Tovpavov tov Kvrrapov. TP. ttw? ovv ctu 877-7-' ivTavda /caTe\eisj>9r]s fiovos ; 200 EP. to, \onra Ttjpa) anevapia ra twv 6eS>v, 'XyrpiSta ical o-avlhia /cap,(f>opei8ia. TP. i^mKieravTO 8' ol deoi tIvoKio-av, 205 vp,av pi)p,dTcov. 220 EP. &v ovveK 1 ovk olB' e'l 7tot' TLlprjvrjV en to Xonrbv o^ead'. TP. a\Xa irol yap oXjfSTat ; EP. 6 YloXefio? avTrjv ivifiaX' el? dvTpov fiadv. TP. elf ttoiov ; EP. et? tovtI to KaToo. /caireid' bpas oq-ov? dvmdev eirefyopriae tcov Xidcov, 225 "va pr] XdfirjTe firjSeTTOT avrrjv. TP. elire p.01, 8 APISre*AN0Y2 f//j,d<; Se Sr; rC hpav irapaaricevd^eTai, ; 'EP. oiiK olSa TrKrjv ev, oti Oveiav eo-irepa<: virepcpva to p,iye6og elarjveyKaTO. TP. tL SrJTa tcivtj] rrj dveia %pijcreTai ; 230 EP. TpLfieiv ev airy rag 7r6\ei9 fiovXeverai. dXX' elfir ical yap e^tevai, yvcofirjv ep.r\v, fieXXer dopvfiel yovv evSoBev. TP. o'ifioi BeiXaiog. 6ey/j,a TroXep.io-TTjplag. 235 TPYrAIOS. HOAEMOS. KYAOIMOS. DO. lay fiporol 0porol fipoTol iro\vr\r]p,ove? axiTLKa fiaka Tag yvddovg dXyrjcreTe. TP. aval; 'AiroXXov, Trjg dvelag tov irXaTovg, oaov tcaicbv, ical tov YloXifiov tov pXefifiaTog. c\p ovtos eo~T eicelvog ov ical (pevyofiev, 240 6 Setvbg, 6 TaXavpivog. 6 tcaTa, toiv aiceXolv ; IIO. to) Ylpaaiai TpicrdOXiat, ical irevTaKig ical TroWo8eicd/ci<;, a>g diroXelaOe Tijfj.epov. TP. tovtI fiev, dvSpeg, o£8ev fjp.lv irpayp,d irm' to yap Kaicbv tovt ecrrt Trjg Aaicaiviicrjg. 245 nO. w Miyapa Miyap\ ag eiriTeTptyecrO' avTiica aira^cvKavTa KaTafie/AVTTWTevfieva. TP. /Sa/3at /3a0aiatj, o>? fieydXa ical Spifiia Tolaiv Meyapevcriv iveftaXev to, tcXavp,aTa. nO. Iw SctceXia, ical crv S' to? diroXXvcraL. 250 TP. oia iroXig TaXaiva 8iatcvaio-8rfo~eTai. nO. <£ep' 67T(^6a) icab to fieXi tovtI tolttikov. TP. bvTog, irapaivS) aoi p,iXt,Ti ^pfjo-daTepm. TeTpU>j36\0V TOVT 6CTTf Secnrora. TP. fi&v t&v aicopoSmv evefiaXev et? tov kovSvXov ; 110. oia-eis akeTplfiavov Tpe-)(a>v ; KT. aXX', w fieXe, oxjk ecrTiv rjpXv i%6e<; elcru>KiafJLeda. 260 no. ovkovv Trap' AGrjvalcov fieTuOpe^et ra^v ; KT. 676)76 vrj At" - el SI ^57 76, KXavaofiat. TP. 0176 8^, ti Spa>/jbev, & vrovrjp' dvdpwirta ; opdre tov kovSvvov r)filv to? fieyw elirep yap rj^ei tov dXerplfiavov (fiepwv, 265 rovTip Tapd^ei Ta? TroXet? Kadrjfievoi;. aXX', to Aiovva', airoXono ical fir) 'X601 cf>ipwv. nO. ouTO?. KT. Tieo-Tiv; nO. ov $e'peis ; KT. to Seiva yap a-iroXaX' 'Adrjvaioicriv aXeTpifiavos, 6 j3vpo-oirXecrav. TP. eS 7' ev 76 7rot»;cravTe?, w Aiocr/copm. 285 tffft)? ac ev yevoiTO' dappetT', m fipoToi. nO. dir6(f>epe to, aitevr) Xafiav tcivtI tt&Xw eym Se SoiBvk' elaimv Troirjao/iai. TP. vvv tovt 1 iiceiv' r/Kei to AartSo? fieXo?, 10 APIST6*AN0YS a>? tfSo/lat, /ecu %aipo[iat Kev^jpaivofiai. vvv ianv r^lv, oovSpe<; "EXXr]ve<;, KaXbv diraXXayeZai irpayp.dTcov re icai fia^cav ijjeXKVcrai Tr\v Trdcriv Elprjvrjv (piXrjv, wpXv erepov au SoiSvKa KcoXvaal TLva. 295 dU', a> yeapyoX Kap,iropoi KaX reprove? KaX b~r)p,bovpyoX icaX fieTOiKoi KaX i;ivot Kal vTjabStTai, Bevp' it, w irdvre9 Tauten"' ayua? Xa/Sovre? KaX fio-)(XovT7]pias. /ji,ev, emep irmiTOTe, Ta^ecov aTraWayivTes KaX KaKcov c^oivikikuiv fjp,epa yap itjeXafityev r/Se fi,io-oXdp,a%o<;. [305 irpos TaS' fji^lv, el ti %pr) Spuv, (ppd^e Kap-^ireKTover oi yap ecr8' oVtu? aTrenrelv av Sokco fioi Trjp,epov, irpXv fio-)(\oico? dveXKvaai Tt)v 8eS)v Tracrftjv fieyiaT^v KaX (friXa/jLTreXwTaTrjv. TP. oi aiwrry\o~ea6' , 07ra)5 yu.^ irepi^apel^ rs) irpdyfiaTi tov HoXefiov eK^a)Trvpria6T > evSodev KeKpayoTes : 310 XO. dXX' aKova&VTes toiovtov 'xalpop.ev KrjpvyfiaTo?. oi yap ?jv e^ovTa? tfxeiv o-itl' rjpepwv TpiSiv. TP. eiXa/3eio-6i vvv eKeivov tov KaTasdev Kepfiepov, p,f] irafyXdfav KaX KeKpayo)<;, &airep ■fjviK' eV0a8' rjv, efiiroSaiv fjfiiv yevrjTai ttjv debv firj 'geXKVcrai. 315 XO. ovti KaX vvv eartv avTr)V oaTls e^aiptjo-erai, fjV dira% e? %etpa? eXdy ra? ifids. iov lov. TP. i^oXeiTe fi, covSpes, el firj rrjs /3o?J? dv^a-eTe 1 eK8pap,a>v yap irdvTa TavTX avvTapdtjei toiv ttoSolv. XO. co? KVKaTw KaX iraTeiTo) iravra KaX TapaTTeTU, 320 oi yap av j^aipovTe^ rjfieis Tr/p-epov Trava-aified' av. ELPI1NH. 11 TP. Tt to KaKov ; ri iracryeT ', toi/S/oe?/ /LnjSa/iw?, irpbs twv 0e5>v, •jrpajfia KaXXto-Tov 8ia to> /J,ev ainr)v, TryviKama yaipeje Kal fioaTe Kal yeXcn'' r\- Brj yap e^eoTai t60' vpTiv , 340 irXelv, p,eveiv, Ttlveiv, KadevBeiv, e's iravrpyvpeis Becopeiv, . eoTiao-dai, KOTTaftl^eiv, cvfipid^eiv, lov lov KeKpayevai. 345 XO. el yap eKyivon' IBelv TavTtjV fie iroTe Tr)v rjfiepav. TToXXa ydp dvecrxoM v irpdyfiaTa Te Kal o-TifidSa*;, a? eXa%e Qopfiiav kovket' av ft' evpoa BiKaaTr)v Bpifiiiv ovBe BvctkoXov, ovBe Toil's TpoTrovi ye ' 8t)ttov aKXrjpbv, mairep Kal irpb tov, 350 12 APIST94AN0YS a\\' airakbv av /*' 'iSoi? Kal iroXii vemrepov, a- iraXkayevTa irpayfidrav. ical yap licavbv -%p6vov a- nroWvfieOa Kal Karare- 355 rplftfieda u-Xavdofievoi, es Au/cetov kclk Avieeiov avv Sopei aiiv aa-rrihi,. dW o Tt /xdXicrTa yapt,- ovfieda Troiovvres, dye cppd^e. ere yap avTOKpdrop' 6iX6t' dyaQr) Tt? r/fuv ti>xv- 360 TPYPAI02. EPMHS. XOPOS. TP. rpoira ovk ya66fir]v dyaObv toctovtovI \af3cov ,- 370 EP. dp" olada Odvarov oti irpoel' 6 Zeus 09 dv ravTrjv dvopvTTWv evpeOf) ; TP. vvv dpd fie airao-' avdyKrj 'ctt' diroOavelv ; EP. ev to-6' on. TP. i fieX\ virb rod Ato? dfiaXSwdr/ao/xai, 380 et fj.rj TeToprjcrco Tavra Kal XaKijaofiai. TP. fir) vvv \&Kija77?, Xlacrofiai Seer-Trod' 'Ep/xfj, (vrjSa/i&s, fir), p,r)Safia><;. ei' tl ice)(apio-fj,evov 386 %oiplSiov olaOa Trap' e- fiov ye KaTeSrjSoKcb'i, tovto fit) cpavXov v6fii%' ev Tovrcpi tu> it pay part. TP. ovk d/coveis ola Ocoirevoval a', mvai; SeavoTa ; XO. /XT] yevrj 'jraXiyieoTO'i 390 avTifioXovaiv Vfuv, mare Tf]vSe /j,r/ Xaj3elv dX\a y^dpia', w iXav- dpanroTare Kal fjueyaXo- ScopoTare Saifiovwv, ei' ti UeiadvSpov fiSeXvTTei, tous Xocf>ov<; /cat ra? 6(j>pvs. 395 Kal ere dvalataiv le- paicri irpoaoBoti; Te /ieyd- Xaiai Sid ttcivtos, iravovpyo<; "HXios, Vfilv eirifiovXeiovTe iroXiiv rjSr/ %povov, roi<; ftapfSdpoiaL irpoSlSoTov ttjv 'EXXdSa. EP. Xva Tt Se tovto Spdrov ; TP. otitj vrj Ala 14 APISTO*ANOYS rjpelq p.ev vfilv 8vofiev, rovrotai Be 410 ol fidpfiapoi Qvovcri. Bid tovt' elicoTWS fiovXoivr av ?J/oia? rrdvrus ijfoXcaXevat,, "va ras reXerd<; Xdfiotev avrol ru>v decov. EP. ravr' dpa rrdXai rwv r)p,epcbv nrapeKXeirrer^v, Kal rov kvkXov rraperpwyov vtfi' dpp,ara)Xia<;. Alb TP. val fia Aia. 77-po? ravr', a> $i'V 'Eppfj, f;vXXa/3e rjp.lv rrpodvp.w; rf)vBe teal %vvaveXKvaov. Kal trot, rd peydX' r)pel<; Ylavadrfvat' a^opev, rrdaaq re rd<; dXXa<; reXerds rd<; rutv BeEav. Mvcrrrjpi' 'T0.pp.fi, AnroXei', ABatvia- 420 aXXat, re eroi rroXei<; rrewavpevai Kaiccbv dXe^iKatca Qvaovaiv 'Eppfj rravrdyov. X&rep' en rroXX' e£et? dyaOd. rrpwrov Be croi Ba>pov BiBa>p,t, rf]vB\ iva cnrevSeiv e'^179. EP. otfi' co? eXerjpwv e'lp? del raiv ^pvalBmv. 425 ifierepov evrevOev epyov, d>vBpes. dXXd ral<; apait el&iovres d><; rd-yiara Toil? XWovs dtfieXKere. XO. ravra Bpdaopev crii B' rjp.lv, a> 6ea>v tro(pcorare, arret, %pr) trobelv e$ea"Ta>? $pa£e Brjp.tovpyiKO}';' raXXa S' evpr)aet,<; vrrovpyelv oWa? r/p,d<; ov /ca/coi;?. TP. dye Brj, av ra^eoy; vire^e rrjv (fiidXr/v, 07r&>? 431 6/379) Aiovva' dva^, EIPHNH. 15 ex t&v oXeKpdvtov a/a'Sa? i£aipov//,evov. XO. K6i Tt? iiri6vfJiS>v ra^iap^elv crot (f>8ovei ei? (p& 76 ; TP. fir). XO. viroveive Sr) 7ra?, /eat tcdraye rolaiv icdX(p<;. EP. to eta. XO. eta fidXa. 460 EP. cS eta. XO. eVt fidXa. EP. c3 eta, to eta. TP. aXX' ov% eXicovar' avSpes ofiolccs. ov gvXXtfyfreo-d' ; oV dy/ctWec-d'' 465 olfKo^ead' ol BokotoL EP. ela vvv. TP. eta m. XO. aXV «7e(9' eXicerov * * /eat cn£co. TP. owovf I\kw /cdgapTWfiai 470 KaTrefiiriTTTdi ical aTrovSd^to ; XO. 7rw? o3v ou X<£>pu rovpyov ; TP. w Ad/iax', aSt/eets e/nro&oov Ka8r]/u.evo<;. ovSev Sed/ieO', mvOpwrre, Trjs ar)<; fiopfiovos. EP. ouS' ot'Se 7' ei'X/eov ovSev dpyeloi irdXai, 475 16 APISTOOANOYS a\X' 7} /eareyeXcov tSiv raXaiirwpovfievcov, Kal tavra Si^oOev /Mia8o(f)opovvTe<; aXtpiTa. TP. aXX' ol Adicawes, myd.8', eX/covo-' av8piKU><}. XO. ap olaff ; oaoi y avT&v e^ovrat rod £vXov, fiovot vpodv^ovvr 1 ' dXX' 6 %aX/cev<} ovk ea. 48 EP. ov8' ol Meyaprj? 8pa>a' ovhev eXKOvaiv 8' o/itu? y\io-%poTara o-ap/cd£ovre$ &o-7rep KvvlSia, vwb rov ye Xi/jlov vr} At" eTfoXtoXore?. TP. ovSev iroiovfiev, tovSpe?, aXX' o^oOvfiahov airao-iv r)p,Zv aiiOis avTiXriirreov. 48 EP. eia. TP. vri Ala. EP. jittcpov ye tcivovfiev. 49( TP. oukovv Setvbv * * * * Toil? [lev reiveiv roil? 8' avTio-irav ; 77X7770? X^i/rec^', wpyeioi. EP. ela vvv. TP. ela m. 49£ XO. <*>? kukovoi rtve? elcriv iv 17/jtv. TP. vp,els [lev 7' ovv ol KiTTuvres ttj<; elpr)V7]<; ctTar' av8peico<;. XO. aXX' eta-' ol KmXvovaiv. TP. av8pe<; Meyaprjt;, ovk e? Kopaica<; ipprjaere ; 500 /juaei yap v/*a? 57 #eo? fi€fivr}/j,evij' nrpStTOb yap avTrjV rot? o-Kop68oi/>et 76 701 to irpdy/ia iroXX(Z> fidXXov, mvBpes, v/uv. XO. xaipelv rb irpdyfjud 7]aiv dXXa 7ras dvrjp irpoQvfiov. TP. 01 toi yempyol Toiipyov igiXicovai, koXXos ovSet'?. XO. dye vvv, aye irai' • 512 Kav ixrjv Ofiov 'artv ■fjBrj. fir) vvv dvwfiev, oU' eirev- Teivmpev dvBpiKwrepov. 515 97897 'arl tovt' eiceivo. <3 ela vvv, w ela 7ra?. w eta, eia, eta, eta, eia, eta. to eia, ela, ela, ela, ela tto?. TP\TAI02. X0P02. EPMHE EIPHNH. 0EOPIA. OIK2PA. TP. & iroTvia fiorpvoBape, ri nrpoaelirm a' eVo?; 520 iroQev av Xdfioifii prifia fivpidficfiopov OT6) irpoaevrroa a' ; oil yap el^ov otKodev. co xaip' 'Oirmpa, teal av o", a, Oecopia. ■olov B' e^ets to irpotrcoTrov, m ®ewp£a' olov Be 7TV6t9, to? qBv Kara Tr)? KapBLas, '525 yXv/cvrarov toairep darparelai Kal fivpov. EP. fitov oxiv o/moiov Kal yvXiov arparicoTiKov .; TP. direiTTVa'- ijfdpov c/>OK\eovs fieXmv, kij^Xcov, iirvXXtoyv EvpiiriBov, EP. tcXavadpa av ravTr] P ei ^pos epyov els aypbv iraioivlcraf;. XO. a> TToBeivr] Tots BiKatoi? Kal yewpyol<; r)fiepa, 556 dayAevos o~' IBibv irpoaeiTreiv fiovXofiai ret? d//,-ireXov<;' Taq Te o~VKa<;, as iyw '(pVTevov a>v veearepos, dairdaaaQat, 6vfib% rjfitv earTi iroXXoaTtS %pov(p. TP. vvv peTXe Kal rd? Topyovar eW ottoos XiTapyiov/iev ot'/caS' ets ra ^copia, 662 e/i7roX?j0"Tes Tt xprjcrTov el7 KaXcos avT&v diraXXdfjeiev av fieTop^iov. &o-t' eycoy' rjBrj 'iridvfiu) /eavTOS eX6eiv et's dypbv Kal Tpiaivovv Trj BiKeXXy Bid %povov to yrjBiov. dXX' dva/jLvrjo'de'vTes, (SvBpe's, 571 EIPHNH. 19 T9j? StotTTj? Trj<} r rrdXaia Te tra\aa-i(ov e/eetvwv, t5)v re o-vkcov, t&v re fivpTuov, 575 TJ79 rpvyo? Te t»7? yXvicetas, t^s lu>vtaiXTaTi). am yap iSdfiTjv irodcp, Baifiovia fiovkop.evo'i 585 €1? dypbv dvepirvaat. ^a6a ydp p-iyiaTov rffuv /eepSos, «3 •KoQovp.kviq, ********* pfrvT) ydp rjj/uiii wij&eXej.? irdatv bttbaot, filov e- rptfiofiev yewpyticov* 590 •iroXXd ydp iirdcr^o/iev irplv itot' e-Trl gov yXvaia ledSdirava /cal i\a. tois dypolicoto-iv ydp rjada %2$pa teal awrqpta. 595 &UT6 ae rd t' d^TriXia Kal to via avKiSia rdXXa 0' ottog' earl vrd •jrpoayeXdaeTai, Xafiovr' dofieva., 600 dXXd ttov 7tot' ?)\> d<$> r\p,5)v tov ttoXvv tovtov %povov j]8e, tov0' rjfias SISatjov, m decbv evvovaTare. EP. & aofyaraToi yecopyol, rdp,d 617 gvvlere pr)/j,aT, el fiovXead' dfcovaai t^cS' ottcos dirmXeTO. irptbra fiev ydp fypijev ar^? QeiSlas irpd!- a? tca/cai' 605 elra IlepiK\ii]Tf)<;, evOecos airo^oKifialois tcov ottXcov eyiyveTO. EP. eVt vvv aKovaov olov aprt, p,' ripeTO' octtivl8r)s. EP. St/iwvtSi?? ; 7tws ; TP. otl yipcov &v ical aairpb<} tcepSow; eicaTi Kav eVt piirbs irXeoi. EP. rt Sal ;Kpa,Tivo<; 6 o~o<])b<; eariv ; TP. diriOavev, 700 o9' ol Aa/cwve? ive/3a\ov. EP. Tt iradwv ; TP. Tt ; d)paicido-a' apfiar iXdcov Ztjvos daTpairrjcpopei. TP. iroOev ovv 6 rXtjfitov ivddh' ef ei anla ; EP. ttjv tov ravvjirfSow; dfifipoaiav atTTjaerat. TP. 7rw? 8tjt' iyco KaTaftijaofiai ; EP. ddppei, «a\wy 725 rrjSl irap' airr/v rrjv 6eov. TP. 8evp', co Kopai, eireaOov dp.' ifiol Ocittov, w? iroXXol irdvv iroBovvres i//ta? dva/iivova' eawpic6 XOPOS. dXX' Wi, yalpcov ^/*et? 8e rets? rdSe ra aKevt) •jrapaSovre? Tols aKoXovdoi? Bco/iev aco^eiv, w? elcoBaai fidXiara irepl rd? a/cr/vd? irXeiaroi, icXeTTTai KVTTTa^eiv ical KaKOTTOielv- 731 dXXd cpvXaTTere ravr' avSpelw 17/tet? 8' av Tolai, dearaig, r)v e-xp/jbev 68bv Xoycov eiirco/xev, oaa re vovfia)8o8i6do-Ka\o<$ av8pa)ira)V kcu KkeivoTaTOf ye- yevrjrcu, afto? elval abrfo-' ev\oyia$ p,eyd\r)wv vcrrpiyli elcrefiaXev aot •eh rde\cov icaicd ical fyopTov ical 0ojfjLo\o^evp,aT' dyevvrj, eiroirjae Texyrjv fieydXrjV^uiv icd'irvpywo-'' otKoSofi-qaa^ ewea-iv fieydKoiTap,v ovBe ywalica<;, a\X' 'HpaicXiovs bpyrjv tiv' ej(mv Toiai fieyiaToi6a\/j,uv Kui/vij? cacTlves e\a/jLirov, 755 ■e/caTOV Be KVicXm tcea\ai ko\olk(ov olfico^o/ievcov eki^fimvTO irepl rijv KecpaXrjv, (pcovrjv S' el^ev %a/jaSpas o\e- fy>OJ/ T6TOKVt'a?. TotouTOi/ tSwc ripa*} ov KareSeia', dXX' virep vfiav avreiy^ov del Kal r&v aXKcov vrfcrmv. Stv ovvetca wvl 760 diroSovvai fioi rrjv X^P lv fy*&? etfco? #at p,vrjf/,ova<; elvai. Kal yap irp^Tepov irpd^as Kara vovv ov%l irdkal- orpa? ireptvoarSiV , 4 jratSa? eireipwv, oU 1 dpdp,evo? ttjv (TKevrjv evdv? i^mpovv, travp' dvidcras, TroW* ev(f>pdva$, irdvTa Trapaa%a>v tcl Beovra. irpos Tavra %pea>v elvat, fter' ifiov 765 Kal tova\aKpol(7i Trapaivovfiev gvcnrovBdZeiv irepl tj)? vi/n??. 7ra? yap tj? epel vi/caWo? ifiov Karri Tpairk^y Kal ^Vfnroaioi,ipe tc3 (paXaapw, So? tco (f>a\aKpcp tGsv Tpaya'klaVj Kal fir) d(f>atpei ryevvaioTdrov tcov nroir)j0)v dvSpb? to fierwirov e^ovros. Movaa, ai) fiev iroXifiovs ditwaufikvq fier* ifiov 775 E 26 API2T04AN0Y2 tow t\ov xopevaov, KkeLovo-a 8ea>v re ydp,ove\ev rjv Se ere Rap/clvo? i\0a>v 781 dvrifidXfj fiera r&v rraihmv ^opevaai, fii]6' vTraicove firjr' eX- 785 8r)<} crvvepiffos avrols, aWa vbpit,e 7rdvra<; oprvyas olicoyevels, yvXiavxeva? dpxr)v 800 e£o/j,evT] Ke\a8f), %opbv 8e p,rj , yrf Mopaipos p/rfie Me\dvdios ov 8r/ •JTlKpOrdrrjV orra yrj pvcravros 7JKOVO-', 805 fjviica tG)V rpaywB&v rov x°P° v e ^X 0V <*8e\- $6s re Kal avrbi, ap.a> Topyoves otyofydyob, ftariSoa/eoTroi, apirviai, 810 ypaocrofiai, piapol, rpayofida-^aXoo, l^8vo\vp,at' gov Karaxpep-^rap-evrj p,eya Kal rrXarii 815 Movaa 8ed p,er ipov ^vp- rrai^e rrjv eoprrjv. TPYrAIOS. OIKETHS. X0P02. TP. mv 6eS>v. eymye rot ireTrovrjKa Kopi8rj rob crKeXrj. 820 piKpol 8' opav avcodev r)? 67a) 'irvQo/jLyV two?. 01. ti o eira9e/ievov itXtjv cravrov ; TP. ovk, el p,r\ 9 S' ^X0', ev9ia><; Aolov avrov irdvTes exdXovv daripa. 01. TtVes yap eicr' ot 8iaTpe-)(pvTeAN0YS TP. rl Sfjr', eireuBdv vvp.v irdXw, fivpto KaTaXenrTOS. TP. oiitcovv Sucaim? ; oatis els. 865 oyji)p.a icavOapov 'yriftas eacoaa roiis "EXXrjvas, &ar' iv rots dypois avavras ovras da-^aX&s irlve.iv re koX icadevBeiv. OI. 6 irXaKoiis Tr&TreTTTai, arjaaprj ^vjiifKaTTeTai,. koX Ta\\' aTca^aTrayTa- vvpfylov Be Set. 870 TP. Wi vvv d-iroBwpev rfjvBe rrjv ©ecoplav dviiaavre tjj fiovXf)* tl Tavrrji,. OI. n BeairoTa-. TP. elev, tls icrd' vpmv Bi/eaios, ti's irore, Tt? Bta(f>uXd^ei TqvBe tjj fiovXij Xaj3a>v ; 880 ovttco XeyeO' vp,els fls 6 (pvXdijcou; Bevpo &{>•,■ KaTaOr/aapai yap avrbs els p,eaov a' dytov. dye Br) /carddov irptora ra a-Kevrj yapaL 885 fiovXi), Trpurdveis, Spare Tr)y ©eapiav.. GKetyaad' ocr' vp.lv dyadd -irapaBoacrw (pepmv. 890 eireir' dy&va B' evdiis e^ea-rai, iroielv Tavrrjv e'xpvcriv avpiov jcaXbv irdvv. 895 rptVj7 Be pera ravd' liriroBpoplav d^ere, 'iva Br; KeXrjs KeXrjra 7rapaKeXr)TieZ, 900 dppara B , e7r' dX\r)Xois Trpodvposs 6 irpvravis irapeSe^aro. dXX ovk av, e'l Tt irpolica irpoaayayelv cr' e'Ser EIPHNH. 29 dU' eiipov av 7rott} yeyevrjcrai. 915 TP. i]crei<; 7', e7retSav iiarlris o'ivov veov XeTrao-rr/v. XO. /cat 7r\r;v 76 rav #e&)i/ det cr' rjyr^aofieo-Qa irpStrov. TP. wXXSv 70/) v/ztv agios , TpuyaZos d0/xovei)<} iyco, Seiv&v dira~k\d%a<; rrovwv 920 TOP 8rjfJLOT1)V Kal rbv yeapyixbv \ea>v r 'TrrkpftaXov re Travcras. 921 XO; aye Srj, ri vmv ivrevdevl iroirpreov ; TP. tL hi aXXo 7' $ ravTTjv ■xyrpais ISpvreov ;• XO. yyrpaiaw, wcnrep /jLe/Mc^o/ievov 'EpfwjSiov ; TP. ti Sat Soicei ; fiovkeade \apwm /3ot'y 925 XO. /3oif'; /tJjSa/id)?, tva /i^ fiorjOelv ttoi Sejy. TP: d\V" v'i' rrayeiq Kal fj,eyd\r]>; XO. /i^ /i??. TP: rit] ; XO. S %pr) Tro\e/j,eiv Xeyrji tis at Ka(h]/j,evoi inrb rod Siov; Xeyaxr 'Iwvuc&$ 6'i; TP. ev too Xeyeis. XO: Kal raXXa 7' &? rd^iara to irpoftarov Xa/3d>v iyco Se iropim fioafibv itf)' orov dvaoftev. 30 API2T0*AN0Y2 XO. a>s irdvd' oa' av 8eb<; ffeXrj yr) Tvyr) /caropdoi, Xwpel Kara vow, erepov 8' ereptp 940 tovtcov Kara icaipbv airavTf. TP. eos ravra SijXd y' eaS"' 6 yap fieopubs Ovpaai, Kal S77. XO. eireiyeTe vvv ev oaa aofiapa GeoOev KaTeyei iroXepov fieTdrpoTTOi; avpa. 945 vvv yap haipmv ' otS' otl va&VTi Kal irovovpevfp irpocrScocreTe Srjirov. 955 TP. aye 8r), to Kavovv \a/3&>v av Kal ttjv yepvtfia nrepUQi tov ftwpbv renews emSe^ia. 01. IBov \eyoi$ av aXXo' irepieXtfXvda. TPl (pipe Sff, to SaXiov toS' epfidtyto Xaftatv. aeiov av Tayeco^' av Se irpoTeive t&v oXmv, 960 Kai>TO<; re yepviirrov, irapaSovs TavTijv epol, Kal TOi? deaTais plirTe twv KpiB&v. OI. ISov. TP. e'Seo/ca? rjhrj ; 01. vr) tov 'Epprjv, &aje ye TOIITWV 0(704776/3 Btat T&V deCOpSVCOV oiik eariv ovBels oari? ov Kpidrjv eyei 965 TP. o&x al yvvaiKe? y' eXafiov. 01. dXX' et? iairepav Scbaovatv avTols avSpes. TP. dXX' evycbpeda. t£• 7roWol yap elat Kayadol. TP. tovtovs dyadovi ivopiaas ; 01. ov yap, oirtve? 970 r)p,5)V KUTayeovTmv vBwp ToaovTovl EIPHNH. 31 69 TCLVTO TOV0' 6<7Taff' lOVTe'} %0)piOV ,' TP. dXX' a>? Tartar' ei^cofied', evymfieada Sj?. & aeiivoTCLTi} fiacriXeia Bed, •kqtvC Elpjjvrj, - 975 hearoiva j^opuv, Sicnroiva ydfitov, Sifjai Qvtxiav ttjv rj/Aerepav. 01. Seijai Sjjt', <; rolcriv epao-Tais rjjj.lv. o'C aov Tpvxofied' rjhr) rpla Kal SeV errj. 990 Xvcrov Se fidj^ai Kal KopKopvyd iXla<; %vXa>, Kal avyyvajfiy nvl irpaorepa Kepacrov rbv vovv Kal rrjv dyopdv 97/uv dyad&v ifiirXriaBfjvdt fieydXtov, aKopoBcov, 1000 (TiKvav irpmtav, firjXav, poL&v, SoiiXoiai xXavHTKiSlwv fiiKp&v KaK Bohut&v ye tfrepovTa? ISeiv 32 • API2T0*AN0YS XV va $> vijTTa (pepmv 1020 6vo-a<; to (ppvyavov TiOeaOai; XO. 7TW9 B' oii%L ; Tt 7ttp ae 7repevl "7TOpifJ,q> T€ toX/mtj ; TP. f) cr^i^a yovv ivrjfj,fievr} tov 'STiXfiiBrjv irce^ei, ical ttjv Tpdire^av oia-ofiai, ical -iraiBos oil Berjaei. XO. rt's oiiv av oiiic ewaivea-ei- ev avBpa toiovtov, ocr- rt? 7roW avarXa? eam- 1035 EIPHNII. 33 ere rrjv iepdv rroXiv ; &ctt' ov%1 fir) rravaei rror' TOS arraenv. 01. ravrl SeSparai. rideao ra> p,rjpa> Xaficov. iya> S' eirl crirXdyxy et/xt ical dvXijp-ara. 1040 TP. ip,ol peXtfaei ravrd y'' dXX' rf/eetv i^p9)V. 01. ISoii, irdpeip,b. p,wv eTrca^elv crot 8otca> ; TP. oirra /caXcos vvv avrd' Kal yap ovroal irpoaep'^erai, Edcpvy Tt? ecrT€(pava>/j,evo<;. Tt's apa rror' early ; 01. a>? dXa^wv (palverai' 1045 fidvTi 0ea>v ; TP. oirta av ciyfj, Kaivay' dirb rrj<; oaepvos. IE. otw he 6ver' ov (ppdo-ed' ; TP. 5J KepKO apeivov rrpwvov. IE. aXXa TauTa7t 77S17 '<7Ttv 07TTa. TP. ttoXTui Trpdrreis, oartv firjSiv YApr\vri yap lepd Ovofiev. IE. u> p,eXeoi Qvrjrol ical vr\moi, TP. €9 Ke4>aXr]V vol. IE. oinves dtppahirjdb 8eSiv voov ovk atovreoi Tpripwves aXcoireKiBevai ireirebo'de, a>v BoXiai fjrvj^al, BoXiai cfipives. TP. eWe gov elvat &eXev, coXa^oov, oiitcogI 6epp.b<; o TrXevfimv. IE. el yap /at; Niiftipat, ye deal Bdieiv iljcnrdTao-Kov, 1070 fATjSe Btt/as Ovtjtovs, /u.778' av Nv/j.(pai Bd/ccv avrbv, TP. igcbXrj? diroXoi , el firj iravaaio /3a/a'£cov. IE. ovircd 6evXoTriBo$ Xfj^ai, irplv xev Xvko? olv vpevaiol. TP. ical 7rco?j co Kardpare, Xvkos ttot av olv v/ievaioi; IE. to? 17 GcpovBvXr] cfrevyovsa irovrjpoTaTov /38ei, ^ kcoScov d«a\ai/0t? eireiyofievQ] TvefrXa Tt'/eret, rovTa/ci*; oitvai XPV V T V V elprjVTjv TreTroirjadai. TP. aX\a rC XPV V Vf 1 ^ ■! ov "rravaaadai iroXe-fiovvTa<;, f) ScaKavvidaai iroTepoi K.Xav&ov/u,e8a fiel^ov, 1081 e%bv o-Treiaa/ievois Koivfi t>j? 'EWdSo? ap^eiv ; IE. ovTTore Tconqaeu^ tov Kapiclvov opdd /3aBl£eiv. TP. oviTore SenrvrjaeLs en tov Xolttov 'v irpvraveim, oiB' eirl tc3 irpaydevTi 7roirjo-eL<; varepov ovBev. 1085 IE. ovBeiror' av 6elr]o? ixdpbv d,7rmad/j,evoi iroXipoio 1090 Elpijvrjv elXovTO Kal IBpvaavO' lepetw. avrdp eirel icaTa, firjp' i/cdr] Kal GirXdy^y' iirdo-avTO, ecrirevBov BeirdeGGiv eyib 8' 6Bbv rjye/iovevov Xpr)o~iioXbyw 8' ouSet? eBLBov icu>6ujva (f>aet,vov. IE. ov /xeTe^ct) tovtwv ov yap tciut' ei7re StySuWa. TP. dXX' 6 croc/>6? toi vr] At' "0/j,r)po<; Begibv el-rev 1096 dcpprjTcop, d0e/MiaTO<; } dv£oTi6<; egtiv exetvop, EIPHNH. 35 o? TToXifiov eparai eVtSrj/At'ou dtcpvoevTOs. IE. (ppd^eo Sr/, firj 7TW9 ere 86\q> (ppevas l^airarrjcra'i IktIvos fidp^y. TP. tovtI fievToi ail v\drrov, 1100 a>9 oStos $o/3epo? T0t9 cr7rXa7^vot? etrTtv 6 xprjafio?. eyX el $W enrovhrjv ical t&v aiiXdy^yaiv <$>epe Bevpl. IE. dXX' et Tavra So/cet, Kaym '^auT&5 fiaXavevaco. TP. (nrov8r) crirovSij. IE. eyyei Srj /cdptol Kat airXdy^vcov fiotpav ope^ov, 1105 TP. dW ovirw tout eo-Tl l\ov natcdpeaai Oeotatv* dWd ToSe TrpoTepov, airevhetv fjp,cK, ae S' d7re\0e»'. a> ttotvi' ElptfvT], irapdpiewov tov fiiov fjptiv. IE. Trpocrfyepe Tr/v yXSiTTav. TP. <7i( Se t^v cravTov y' direveyicov. IE. aTrovSij. TP. /cat raim /i.eTa. t^? o-TrovSij? \aj3e 6S.TTOV. 1110 IE. owSet? irpoahwaet p.01 airXdyxyuiv ; TP. ov 70^0 o?6V re 17/MV 77-poo"St86Vat, TTjOtV «ev \u/eos olv vp,evaiol. IE. vat 7rpos t&v yovdroov. TP. d\\<»s, to rdv, itceTeveis' oil yap Trotrjo-eis Xelov tov Tpayyv eylvov. dye 8rj, 6eaTal Sevpo avcnrXayxyeveTe 1115 fieTa voiv. IE. Tt eym Be ; TP; ttjv 2,tf3vXXav eadte. IE. ov rot /xd ttjv Trjv Taina KaTeSeadov p,6vSv aind- KetTat S' iv p,iaq>. TP. (o irate irate tov Bdictv. IE. fj.apTvpop.at. TP. Kay coy' 1 ort Tevdrjs el aii tcdXa&v dvijp. 1120 iraV avTov e-jreyuiv T&5 £v\&> tov aXa^ova. OI. 0"U /1.6V OW' 67ft) Se TOUTOVt twv kcoSicov, ■dXdptfiav' aiiTO? itjairaT&v, iic/3oX/3ta>. ov KaTaftaXeli rd k&joV, a> OvqiroXe ; ij/covo-as ; 6 icopai; oloiXrjSS) fid^ai<;, 1130 dXXd 7r/3o? irvp BieX- kcov /xer dvBpwv irai- pwv (piXosv, eic/ceas twv ^vXav drr' av rj BavoTaTa tov Oepov; eKTreirpio-fieva, 1135 Kav6pa,K.itp>v TovpefiLvOov, ttjv re (prjyov e/MTrvpevav, yap-a TTjV ®pa,TTav KWUSV, tjj? yvvaifcb? Xov/j,ivTjo-rprio~aT(o k tov %ajpiov. oi yap olov t' scttI ttclvtw; olvapl^eiv Trjfiepov oiBe TWTXd^eiv, eireiBr] 7rapBaic6v to ycoplov ical; ifiov B' evey/cciTw ti? ttjv Kt^Xr/v Kal tb o-irLvw r)v Be Kal 7ru6? Tts evBov Kal Xayma TeTTapa, 1150 ei ti firj '%r)veyKev avTcov r) yaXrj tj?? eo-7repa<;' iyjr6ei yovv evBov ovk oiB' aTTa KaKvBoiBoTra' &v eveyK*, 3> iral, rpi' r/p-tv, ev Be Bovvai tS> iraTpi' p,vpplva<; t' aiTtjaov eg kiayyvdBov rav KapiripaV yapba t»)? avTrjs bBov XapivdBrjv rt? /Scoctcitw, 1155 d>9 av i/ATTir; p,e6' rjfjLwv, ev ttoioDvtos Kftx^eXoOvTO? tov 6eov Tapd>p,aTa. tjvik av o a^STa? EIPHNH. 37 aBrj tov r)Svv vofiov, 1160 SiaaieoTrwv rjBofiai to? Av^VLWi a/wreXov;, ei it eft aw over iv r\- 8l)' TO JCip , X%.p.a (firjfi', *£Lpai v, Tpet? \6ov<; eypvTd Kal (f>oiviKi8' 6%eiav irdvv, rjv e/ceiVo? 7)cnv elvat, fidfipja ^apBiaviKov rjv Be ttov Bey /^dyeo-d' eypvTa Trjv cjjoivlKiBa, 1175 TTjviicavT' avTo<; fieftairTai /3dp.p,a Kv^ikt/vikov KaTO evyei Trp&ros, wo-irep fjovdb? iTrrraXeiCTpvcbv tov? X6(j)ov<; aelwv eya 8' eaTvxa XtvoTTTdbfievos. rjVL/c' av 8' oiKOi yevatvTai, Bpwaiv oiik dvaayerd^ Toil? fiev iyypdQovTei i)fia>v, tov<; B' ava> Te Kal Kara iga\el(f>0VTe<; Si? rj t/h'?. avpiov S' ecrd' r) 'goBo?' tco Be glt'C ovk ecbvr/T'' ov yap fjBeiv i^icov 1182 elra Trpoa-Ta? irpbs tov avBpidvTa tov HavBlovo';, elSev avTov, Kairopmv 8el tg3 «a«&> fiXeTrcov ottov. Tatna 8' rjfia<; tov?, dypoiKovi Bp&ai,, toii? 8' elj aaTewi 1185 fJTTOv, ol QeolaiV ovtoi KavBpdaiv piTjrdcnn8e<;. a>v er' evOvva? ifiol Boaaovaiv, rjv 8ebi 6e\rj. iroXka yap Br] p? i)Bin.r)aav, i 6Vt6? oXkoi fiev \eovTe<;, ev fJ'dvr} S' aXanreKes. 1190 38 ' API2T0*AN0Y2 TPYrAIOS. i % > / ' 1,0V IOV. ocrov to XPVP c^ 1 Belirvov ^XB' es tov? ydfiov?. e%', airoicaOaipe to? rpaire^as TavTyi' •jravTWS yap oiBev o Tpvyale, ra>v Bpevdvcov re Xdfifiave ical twvS' o ti (3ovXei irpolna- Kal ravrl Be^ov. dtp' av yap direB6p.ea6a KaKepSdvap,ev 1205 to, Bcopa ravrl epop.ev et? tov? ydpovs. TP. Wt, vvv, Kara6kp,evoi Trap' ifiol ravr' eiaire i-rrl BeiTrvov d>$ Td%io-ra' Kal yap ovtoctI oirkwv KairrjXo'i d%96fAevo<; irpoaep^erai. OnAQN KAIIHA02. oifi' a>? ■n-podiXvp.vov p,', to TpvyaV, a7ra>Xeo-a$. 1210 TP. ti 8' eariv, w KaKoSai/jiov ; ov ti ttov Xocpd? ; Oil. a7rto\e(7d? p,ov r-qv re^vrjv Kal tov j3lov, Kal TOVTOVl Kill TOV BopV^OV 'kSIVOVL. TP. TO BfJTa tovtoivI KUTadd) GOl TOIV Xooiv ; On. awro? aii ti o78 TfSSe <9dbpaico<; tcinei, ivr)p,fj,iva> tcdWiffra ^prfaopboi TaAa? ; 1225 TP. ovroyade, 6\c/3et rbv wp.ov. dirofap', ovk uvrjoopLac. On. ti 8' apa rfj adXiriyyc TySe ^pijaop-ac, 1240 rjv itrpidpTjv hpa^&v Trod" igrJKOVT' iyd> ; TP. p,oXvj38ov ei? tovtI to kocXov e'Y^ea?, eTrecr' avcodev pdfiSov ivOels inro/iaKpov, yevqaerac iroc rav /caTaKTWv kottu^oov. On. o'ipcoc KarayeXas. TP. dXX' erepov irapacvkaa. 1245 tov p,ev /jl6\v/38ov, aairep elirov, ey^eov, ivrevdevl 8e airapTcoa 7jpTr]pevr]v irXdariyya Trpoodes, Kavro aoc yevqaerac to, ovk' ev dypd) Tot's ocKeTataiv ioTavai. On. cS Svaicddapre Saifiov, <5? pc diruiXeaas, 1250 6't' dvTeSwicd 7' avri TcovSe pcvav iroTe' Kal vvv ti 8pdcra> ; Tt'? yap avr utv-qaerac ; TP. TTcoKei /3a8i£a)V avrd rot'; AlyvinLow earcv yap iTTCTrjSeca avpp,acav fierpeiv. On. ot/i', co KpavoiroL', p5)p,ev, ircuBlov, aiiTov Trap' ipe &rav irporepov dvajSaXov 'vdaSL IIAIS AAMAXOY. NiJi/ aiiO' oirXorepcov avhpwv ap%(Ofj.e8a 1270 TP. iravaai oirXoTepow; aScov, Kal ravr', a> rpiaicaicoSaifiov, v elprjvr]'; 7' ovcrrjs' d/j,ade<; 7' et Kal Kardparov. Y1A. A. Ot 8' ore Si? a-^eSoi' §ffov iir' dXXrfXoiaiv lovres, avv p efiaXov pwov<; re Kal acrirl8a<; oficfraXoicrcTas. TP. d\^ 7reA.ev avSjoair TP. aySpcov ol/iccyrj ; xXavcrei vr) tov Aiovvcrov olf/.coaXoe(Tcras. nA. A. uXXa rt 8?}t' aSta ; prj<7aovT' dp' eireiTa ireTrav/xivoi, TP. dafievoi, oi/xat. nA. A. irvpyav 8' e'^6%eovTO, ySo^ 8' acr/Sea-ros opcopei. EIPHNH. 41 TP. tca/ciar' air.oXoio, rraiBdpiov, avml?. /id^ais' ov&ev yap aSeis ttXtjv TroXepov?: rov icai ttot' el; ETA. A. iycb ; TP.crv fiivroi vr/ Ai'. FIA. A. vtos Aapbd^ov. TP. alfiol- 1291 r) yap ey&>> daijjua^Ov d/coumv, el ail fifj eir]? dvSpbs ftovXofid'Xpv Kal KXavaipdxpv twos vloi. aireppe kcli rots Xoy%ptyopourLV aB' imv. rtov fioi to rov KXecovvfiov 'arl rraiBlov. ; 1295 acrov irplv elcnevat, rr cii yap ev ol8' or I oi irpdyfiar' aaer owfypovos yap el. irarpo evros dfi(b/j,7]rov KaXXirrov ovk i&eXeov. TP. elire p,oi, a> iroaOeov, ei? rov aavrov irarep' aSei<;.^ HA-. K. 'i'v^r/v 8' e^eadaxra, TP; Karyo-yyva cra<£<5r) ti Kal fiaaavrai. XOi rf/uv p.eXr)aeu ravrd y'' ev rrotels Se Kal aii (ppd^cov. TP. d\X\ Si rrpb rov rreiv&vre'i, epfidXXecrde ratv Xayaxov a>9 ovj^), irao-av r\p,epav irXaKovaiv eanv ivrv^elv rrXaveofievoit; iptffioi*;. •wpb7}cr6i$ , '")tfir)v, 'X/j,evai' to. XO. to %aipere ^cuper', av- S/J69, kov ^vveirrjade fioi, 1355 ifkaKovvTa^ eSeade. NOTES. 1—81. Two servants are busy in attendance on a beetle ; one is kneading the food, the other gives it to the brute. They interpose remarks on their disagreeable task, and on their master's madness. One of them explains to the spectators how Trygaeus has a. mad pro- ject of going up to heaven on a beetle. And soon Trygaeus appears mounted on his beetle, and preparing for his upward way. 1. alp' alpi] Frequently used thus : e.g. Soph. Aj. 545, alp' ai-rov, dipt StSpo. The feeder speaks this first line. ISov. $6s k.t.\.~\ This dialogue has been variously arranged. The arrangement followed is Holden's, which is, in a great measure, Dobree's. It is plain that the servant who first speaks is feeder, the second is kneader. When at v. 16 the second resigns the task, the first takes in the trough, from which the second is making the cakes, and gives the food to the beetle, kneading tub and all. The second then addresses the spectators — reporting progress inside, as seen through the half-open door — till, at v. 41, the first servant, who has returned, puts in a word, but goes out again to give the beetle drink at v. 49. The second continues (interrupted by a word or two from Trygaeus heard from within) till, at v. 80, the master is disclosed on beetle-back. &-iro\ovpivio] A malediction, as in Ach. 924, 951 : ' to him who (as I hope) will perish.' 3. tpayoi.] Not a very severe curse on the beetle, to whom such food was sweet enough. But it is plainly the right reading, following on k&kutt dirokovpivw, and Brunck's proposed cpdyois is hardly explica- ble : for why should the servant wish his fellow such evil ? 5. ISvv] ' Well, there you are again' : giving him a cake. iroC yap n» "liv Sfi 'tpupes ;] ' Why ? where's that you took to him just now?' (pipuv is of the first servant (the feeder) taking the cake from the kneader and giving it to the animal. To give this line to the first servant appears absurd ; and a needless difficulty is started by Meineke, who (supposing (piptiv to be better said of the kneader who brings the cake) proposes the violent changes of "ipipov here, and olo-s in v. 18. It is true that in v. 14 (pips is ' bring' : but such a com- mon word may well vary its meaning to suit the context. 6. oi Ka-ri(paysv ;] ' Surely he has'nt eaten it : has he ?' To which the feeder replies, ' No by Zeus ! you can't say he has eaten it,' you cannot use such a human word as Kari« vtawrdv di> XaBps Dawes. It is doubtful whether, as oo-ris, Si are found with conj . without oV, the analogous absence of dv with ews may not have been permissible. 34. wairip TraXaio-Tr/s] Falling on vigorously with lis teeth, as a wrestler does with his arms. One Scholiast thinks (not so well) that the greediness of athletes is the point of comparison. uSawtp nr. would then refer mainly to eo-Siei. TrapafSaXwu r, y.] * Having laid to, or fallen on with his grinders.' I cannot understand the Scholiast's x a ^-"°' as tous kpLirpoatiious oSovtus : he appears to think it a metaphor from seamen's language : cf . Ran. 180, 269 wapaBaXou tw /cwtHkj, and Eq. 762, tv\v dicaTov irapaBdWou. This last, which is of boarding an enemy, is perhaps analogous to the present passage in some measure : irapafi&Wsu/ tous iSom-a* ' to apply, bring to close quarters, the teeth.' 36. iSitnrep ol k.t.X.] Like those who make the large ropes for ships : for they toil with all their soul and body and strength in the twisting. Schol. The beetle was working himself round, head, hands, and all, devoted to the mess which he was now stooping to take from the trough : cf. above v. 18. Rope-makers were called axoivioavp.Bo\iis . 39. TrpotrBdXfi] Eirsi eit EKaarTov ruiv dpviwv dv&KtnaL dew tivI, ws aiTos ™ Ad t Kal y\av^ -rp ABtjya. Schol. And thus Av. 563, irpoa- VEip.aE7rovTws Toicrt • Qzdiaiv twu opviQuov os dv apporTri /ca0' EKaa-roi/, That this sense of ir/joo-/3oX)7, 'attribute, adjunct, appendage' is the leading one here, seems plain. But there may be reference to the- other sense, ' infliction, visitation' : for which cf. Msch. ChoepJt. 283,. Eum. 600, irpoaBoXal 'Epwvuiv, piaapdroiv. 40 41. Aphrodite or the Graces would not choose such an emblem.. 41. tov yap eo-t'.J The question is perhaps asked generally, but the first servant, having returned from giving the trough to the beetle (v. 18), suggests an answer. Some arrange the dialogue differently. It is at any rate certain that the address to the spectators ovkovv k.t.X. and iyia Sk k.t.X. at v. 50, 'should be the second servant's. In the passage ovkovu . . ia-dUi. ' And now by this time some conceited young fellow will be asking the meaning of all this,' the actor lays aside his dramatic character for a moment. 42. KOTdi/SaTou], How the beetle was so unmistakeably proper, to. Zeus as naTaiBd-rris, is not plain. Pauw proposed Ka-ramd-rov, Meineke-- IVind. AristophJ) aKaraiBd-rov, for the Scholiast notes toiJei, e«1> o-ko'to'k Tpiiptrat. 6 Kavfapos.' "Without supposing that the text ra-rii. Bd-rov is wrong, we may suppose allusion to either of the above words. The actor would pronounce it so as to make the joke clear to the- audience. iEschylus speaks of Zjji/o's dypmvov BiKos KaraiBdrris Kspav.. vos (Prom. Vinct. 358) : hence of Zeus himself the word is not inap- propriate. 44. t& Sk] ' And pray what means it ?' the actual words are quoted.. Brunck's reading to<5e is no improvement. 46. 'Imuwos rii] At the Great Dionysia foreigners were present; Cf. note on Ash. 503. Ionic is to be taken in its strict sense, as Dindorf 48 NOTES. remarks ; not as equivalent to • Athenian,' as Florens Christianus says, The following lines clearly prove this- by their dialect. 47. ctLvivarETai] So Meineke, following Dohree, for vulg. aluiTTiTai which is not Ionic. 48. dvaifiiuis o-7T.] Vulg. -riiv o-w. The omission of t})V, to leave aWoWs quadrisyllable, seems right. Dindorf in his note approves it; 48. ko-dUi] As Cleon was now dead, keiwos apparently refers to the beetle : to make it refer to Cleon, rja-ditv, or, as Ionic, 'io-fluv, is pro- posed. The other sense of o-ira-riXr) 'leather parings,' given by 'the. Scholiast, increases the fitness of the comparison. 50. iraiSiois k.t.X.] Whether degrees of age or dignity are chiefly, meant is uncertain. Perhaps both. The Scholiast on Av. 794 tells us that there was a part of the theatre (to PovXcvjlkov) assigned to the' members of the council, as also to the youths (to kipij^i/iov) . 54. fxaivtrai naivov Tpoirov] Cf. Vesp. 71, voaov yap 6 iraTtip d\\6- KOTOV aUTOV VOOJEl. 55. ovx ovrrtp u/uts] fxaviav SiKaviKriu. Schol. If so, this is said, with a remembrance of the "Wasps, his comedy of the year before. Others think that the war mania is meant : which would suit with the present play. 59. Kopnua— ekkojoei] Cf. Isaiah xiv. 23, ' I will sweep it (Babylon) with the besom of destruction'. The Scholiast says that there was a- form of execration, often used byMenander, c'kkoptjSei'jjs ctu ye, equi- valent to apot]v dirohoio, 6U o-iyjjo-afi'] Meineke gives this, and the rest down to v. 113, to the first servant. But evidently it belongs to the second, the first never re-appearing after v. 49. 63. EKKOKKio-as] , As cities are the enclosures of men.(o-icEVtit), so are pomegranates of their seeds. Schol. This verb occurs twice in the Lysis- trctta,\. 364, el uij cLtairricrzL, tievutv gov 'kk.okim.t6 yiipas, and. V. 448, £kkokkiiZ ] Cf. Nub, 840, ti 6' dv..av, and the note there: also that on Nub. 783. The doubled aw has an emphasizing force ' how ever can I arrive r' sliSi) tou Aids] Asin Eq. 254 eu8u tuv Kvpripiuiv. Cf. below v. 301. The genitive is used of the mark aimed at or attained, as after a-i-oxd' 70. >irpds TauT-'J The preposition describes the position of the climber ' facing,' or ' against' the ladder. Cf. Shaksp. Jul. see above v. 67. ivappixaar- 6oti is explained by the Scholiast irpis toLxovs avafialvtiv Kal x E P°'' Ka ' iroaiv : but the supposed etymological connexion with opd^uti seems doubtful. It is evidently compounded of duct and a simple verb which ace. to L. and S. is appiyaopai or iptxdopai. Aristotle uses it of bees on flowers, (H. A. ix., 27, 7), f^v <^ Krjpov dvaka^dvovaiv al fUkitrvai duappi%wfi£i>at. (al. dpix o ^f JL£val ) irpos Td (Ipva d£&w? /rols zpirpoaQiu iroaiv. ' To swarm up a tree' as country boys use the word, is, in sense, an equivalent, whatever be the root, of &pix&opai, or |dixdo/iat as it should be for this Aristophanic form of the imperfect. 71. K£ iXt» p.01 Iltjyd- aov irTtpov were Euripides' words. 78. TrjiY] The servant here peeps in, as above, at v. 30, ttjiSI irapoifcas ffKsi/fOjuai. 80. /i£T£wpos] On the stage-machine called kwpti/ia, as the Scholiast reminds us : cf. below v. 174. 81. iTTirnSdv—kirl t.k.] 'Horsed on beetle-back.' Trygaeus now comes into sight, rising above the enclosure within which the beetle has been kept. See Introduction. 82 179. Trygaeus exhorts his beetle to go fair and softly: to his servants, who remonstrate, he explains his plan : how he is going up H 50 NOTES. to Zeus to get a remedy for the evils of war. His children' s prayers do not move him ; nor the difficulties of the way : indeed he shews that his is an economical mode of travelling, and that he is prepared for every emergency. Tip he rises, higher and higher, addressing his steed by the way, till he reaches the gate of Zeus. 82. Kavduv] Kvpiias 6 6'kos. Schol. but with allusion to icaiiBapos. 83. 0-0/30,0109] He is not to be too fresh and frisky at starting. The word suits a horse, but in Nub. 406 it is used of wind, as also below at V. 944. ' Ci.,Plut. 872 tos aro(3apos, extra metrum.' 114. w nraTipi k.t.\.] The Scholiast gives us a fragment from the ^Eolus of Euripides dp Ei-u/xoy (pdrtv tyvwv AioXov Evvd^Eiv tIkvo. 2fa'«« eo-ti, nopal, to 8* kTriTVfiov ovk 'ix™ tlir&iif. Schol. #xfl°M a ' vpXu] Meineke proposes ip.Su < I am grieved at this in you, when you ask, &c.' i.e. ' I am grieved at your asking.' Of course upTiv after ccx"°M a ' is not to be taken as uirlp ipiZv. But the father in his want and impatience may reasonably say, ' I am troubled, worried, tired by you when you ask.' H is spirit towards his daughters is much like that of the old men towards their boys in Vesp. 300 — 312. Com- pare also, for ax0£a-0ari with dative thus used, Ach. 62, &xdop.ai' yio irpi8v\os by alliteration : 'a cake and a cuff to season itwithaU' 125. vau? p.kv yap] The Scholiast gives a fragment (Eur. Fr. 660 in Dindorf) hardly intelligible, but containing the words sn-jjuta iropiuaEi, either from the Stherieboea or the Bellerophon of Euripides. Though given as a note on this lino, it evidently applies to Trygaeus' answer in the next. 128. gevfcavT' l\avvziv\ Trygaeus is generally thought to have been astride on his beetle as a ke'\jjs: it is questionable whether Jsiifai is elsewhere applied to a saddle horse. But as Pegasus was certainly ridden, not driven, when ' terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,' it must be so taken here. 129. Alaii>ov] Cf. note on Vesp. 961, 'tva uri iypacpEv. A con- sequence contingent upon something that has not happened, a conse- quence now impossible, is thus introduced. TpayiKtoTtpos] Pegasus being the steed in Euripides' Bellerophon. 137. w H&-'] Cf. Eccl. 120, 134, for instances of to /ueXe addressed to a woman. 140. vypdv it. /3.] The ' watery ocean deep' is no doubt a fragment : probably from the Bellerophon. tovs Tpaytnov? iraiT^zi dta -t trot, tov te yjtvuovv KavQppov. | Srp. nrolov ; .01. to irXoiov. Hence it is plain, that the varieties of ' cantharus' puzzled even a Greek, at first hearing. 145. ei/ nsipnEt] Piraeus had three ports (Xi/ueWs -rpits ai/TotpuEts, Thuc i. 93), Cantharus, named from a hero, Aphrodisium, and Zea. 147; x m ^ os ] Like Bellerophon. Telephus also {Ach, 429) was one of Euripides' lame heroes. Of such limpers Euripides was the special manufacturer, \m\oiroiit, Ran. 846. 148, TpayioSla yE'up] ' fabula fias' Hor. 149. The daughters depart ; , the father turns to the spectators : bids them farewell : and continues to rise, it is supposed, out of their sight and hearing. , 153. KaTio Ka'pa] Some following the Scholiast write naTwicdpa in one word. ^ouKoXijo-ETat] afl-aTiio-ETtu. Schol. to which most editors assent. Rogers translates 'He'll toss me headlong off and turn to graze,' objecting to the old interpretation that authority is wanting to show "(1) that (3ovKo\iiv, standing alone can mean 'to deceive,' and (2) that [3ovKo\ri] Trp&Ein, fit) opBoTs Schol. This PI. Chr. would invert: <5/o8oIs, ph irpanyi. But certainly Trygaeus, a timid rider, does not wish for tokens of ' ungentle' spirit, cf. above v. 82, 83. Cheerful good temper is what he wants ; and though the application of (Ms] This has the authority of MS. V, and seems more tragic than op0u>s. 173, o'tp.' o)9 <5.] He turns to the machine-managers, and pretends real fear of falling. We may suppose some change of scene now to> represent the outside of the palace of Zeus. Trygaeus dismounts from, his beetle and summons the porter. This summons is in rather Euri- pidean style: cf. Eur. Phoen. 1067, <"i), t« iv iruKata-i Sw/xutuiv nvptl ^ avoiyeT r , 176. <£u\oJ;eis] sc. fit 'if you don't keep me safe.' tpvkafyi Mein., ' if you don't take care.' 180—235. Hermes opens the door; learns the new comer's name and business : tells him that the gods have moved house upwards,, leaving him to take care of the old place. Por they are disgusted with the quarrelsomeness of the Greeks, and have given them over to War ; . who has thrust down Peace into a deep cave, and now means to pound the Greek cities to atoms. 180. to6ei/ k. t. \.] Commentators doubt whether tpuwfi or 6trp.fi is to be supplied. It is in fact left doubtful : n aio-Wtjo-is dudpuirov tiaz\.fi\vtitv, fi 6v"\ Troubles of law and litigation are meant, dirpay- /uxruvn, as used in n'ub. 1007, is the opposite : but the more modern Athenian character was against such inactivity. Cf; Thuc. i. 70, %vpi/ ;u.i iro'Xis Ttikatva is not Greek for ' the wretched city.' The verse is rightly given by Dobree, Meineke and others to Trygaeus. The Scholiast notes that ttoXis is used by Homer of Lemnos, by Pindar of Aegina ; it is, "therefore, natural enough of the island Sicily. 5ta/cyat0-0i7ff£Tat] Cf. Eq. 771, KaTaKUtja-dsir]!/ kv ^tnrwTW juetoe Tvpov. Cf. ^Esch. Ag. 65, 5iaKi/aio/AEVtjs t' kv wpoTsXsLoLs K&p.aKos of the 'knap- ping of the spear in sunder' in battle. 252. t<5 ,u£?u. .-rd-j-TiKdi/] The Scholiast remarks that Athens is dealt with gently, War having no harsh words for her. Perhaps this is fanci- ful : for being pounded in salad is as bad for honey as for anything else. 254. TETp«)/3oXou] Cf. Eg. 798 for this correction from -ov to ou. 255. KuiSoijue] Lamachus (Ach. 572) asks irol xph flotiBeZv, vol nvSot- p.6u kp.{iu.\tiv ; 257—8. The old arrangement gave both these lines to KvSoipm. Hermann suggested the present order of dialogue, changing vulg. kvi- /3ii. It seems better to give up the infallibility of the rule than to alter so many passages to save it. 262. il 8k p.r\ ys] 'Ad vulgatum ti 8k \xii ys exempla desidero' Richter. In v. 828 we have si pA ys irou. And in Jig. 186, U M'i 'k ■rrovnpwu y' , the ye is in the same clause with si /117. Meineke here reads 'ywioiys. The exact collocation is found in later Greek, e.g. in the N. T. cf S. Matth. vi. 1. 266. Tapagsi] Meineke with misplaced ingenuity proposes KaraTpl^si or (TTrapd^ei here. He objects "Tapdrrsiu ttoXlv ab hoc loco, ubi non de turbandis urbibus agitur, sed de evertendis prorsus alienum est." But War is to sit at his ease and stir up and mix the pounded ingre- dients of his salad. "What can be more natural ? War has sent for Cleon, his kukijB^ov Kal TapaK-rpon (below v. 654) : when this is brought, KaQri/iEvos Tapdfcti, kvkuv and Tapdcasiv frequently occur together : cf. jEsch. Prom. Vinct. 994 f3povT^pLaai kvkcItu} nrdvra teal Tapuaairw. Cf. Ach. 688. ' 268. to 8%lva\ Cf. note on Vesp. 524. Rogers, in a note here, shews the force of to Ssiva by translation of the passages from the Lysistrala and Birds (Lys. 921, 926. Av, 648) : but follows the Scholiast in think- ing it * apologetic' or * deprecatory :' ote ti tivcrxtpks piWopuzv \iysiv, ilioHapLEv touto nrpoTafjGtiv, ws juij EuQupijpovovwres, It certainly in Aristophanes seems rather meant to express the real forgetfulness natu- ral to one who speaks in a hurry than " apretended forgetfulness or hesi- tation due to reluctance." 269. in-oXtnV] Clem was slain before Amphipolis, late in the summer of B.C. 422. Brasidas fell in the moment of victory in this same engagement. For the operations in those parts cf. Thuc. v. 2 — 10. 271. eu y'..iroivSvyCi. Ach.. 1050, Eq. 1180. ' He did well in dying,' 'twas very good of him to die.' Below at v. 285 the same phrase is repeated. 273. n vp't-v ys k. t'. X.], 'truly it was but just before he (War) mixed our salad.' 1] or si (which the Scholiast seems to have read) is the least change from vulg. v to make this line intelligible. Bergk conjectured nrpiv tov8s [i. e. ttoXc/wu) tov /t. Omitting the line is a solu- tion more simple than satisfactory. 275. raur' to 8.] 'Yes, master.' Cf. Eq. Ill, Ach. 815. 277. sv S«/io6paK?;] The mysteries of the Cabiri are meant. The prayers of those initiated thus were supposed to be of great avail. 279. airotrTpacfirivai^ SiaaTpacfrrjvai. Schol. ' dislocated,' so that the messenger may not return with the pestle. Or it might mean 'turned away,' so that when he wished to come hither he might be forced the other way. 281. /niSii ovk a3 (pdpsi?] ' do you again fail to bring one ?' But the position aS is curious. Perhaps au rather expresses ' do you — I again ask— not bring one ?' For kuI is thus thrown in after interrogatives itwi, ti, and the like. 283. Tiiiri QpaKiis x w / , ' a ] Cf. above at v. 269 for the history. Bra- 60 NOTES. sidas' being sent on foreign service is described as a lending out of the pestle to others. 285. Aioo-Kopio] Appealed to, because worshipped at Lacedaemon, Brasidas being a Spartan : above, in the case of Gleon, Athene was named. Schol. 289. A(£-riSos],Datis.the Persian general (says the Scboliast)^became an admirer of the Athenian polity and language. He did not, however, catch, the niceties of the latter very successfully, in assuming x a '/>°/"» to correspond with fjSap.au 293. TrpdyfiaTuivy Cf ., Ach. .269 , irpaypLdriov- te nal paxuiv, Kal A J a/*a- yoiv diraWayzh, 295. irplv 'irspov a}«, t. \,],Cleon and Brasidas were really the two chief opponents of peace. The latter, says Thucydides (v. 16)j be- cause his success and honsur was from war, the former because he feared his evil doings would be discovered and his slanders less be- lieved in peace. It is not likely (as some suggest) that there is reference to Alcibiades as 'another pestle.' He was not at all so at this time : for he had been an advocate for the restoration of the prisoners from Pylos, and for alliance with the Lacedaemonians. See Grote's Hist, ch. LV. 296. yi.wpyol~\ These naturally oome first with Trygaeus: probably they suffered most by war'. 299. ois Tax""-'] The metre changes to trochaic, the metre for bustling action, even before the Chorus have actually entered. For the use of- this by the entering Chorus cf: Ach. 203, Eq t 247. In both those plays and this it is a spirited entry of men eager for action. The Cloud- chorus, Bird-chorus, and Frog-chorus enter with lyric song. 300. dpird&ai . . aya&ov-oaipjivos] The cup of good fortune was quaffed after supper. Cf. Vesp, 525, /uijSIttote irioip.' axpa-rov piaOai/ dya&ov daifiovos, and Eq. 85, axpaTov olvov dyadov daipovos. I cannot instance another similar use of dpirderai, for Richter's examples to shew that dpirdarai " dicitur de eo qui avidius potat (frisst und salift)," Av. 892, Ach: 1160, Pac. 1118, are not to the. point. But since the good fortune is to be secured by dragging out Peace? apirdvai is used with reference to that ; as is shewn by the second Scholiast's explanation, vvv. yip eo-tlv wpiu i/Trip . dyadfc tvxws Kappiv Kal dp^rdaat t!]v Eipfjvtw. In,fact there is a double sense ' to drain the cup of good fortune' or ' to drag Peace out with good fortune.' Meineke suspects corruption and pro- poses ayaSiji' Saipuwa, which appears tame. 301 — 430. Enter the Chorus, ready and willing, but rather too noisy. At last they are calmed down, and are with Trygaeus anticipating the delights of Peace, when Hermes interposes* declaring that Zeus has forbidden the raising of Peace. However, he is eventually bribed to silence, and even consents to superintend the work. 301. e60i* t^s] i Cf. above v. 77. 302. IlaueXXijuss] The writer of the argument to this play says, ' the Chorus consists of Attic husbandmen.' It is plain from Trygaeus' comprehensive summary in vv; 296 — 298-, from this word; and from the NOTES. 61 words addressed to various Greek states during the work . of pulling, that it was a mixed Chorus : or at least that there were other super- numeraries who helped in the pulling. See Introduction. 303. KdKwv 0011/ikikou'] ' red- coated evils' ; cf. below 1173 (poivLKiS' 6%tXav ira'wu. Undoubtedly this is better than ' evils of bloodshed' as one Scholiast explains. Meineke thinks oti>LKiKds in this sense is given by lexicons. 304. fuaoXdfia-xps]. Eamachus is the representative of War, as in the Acharnians. 305. ttjoos T«'f] ' "Wherefore, looking to this.' 306. dirsiirilv dv] To be thus joined : ' there is no way in which I seem to myself to be likely to give up : i. e. ' there's no possible chance of my striking work to-day before &c. In construction du belongs to the infinitive. 310. II. ikX,u>irvpriasTi] ' Wake to life the fire of War.' JanrupEii/ avdpaxai is the proper phrase : metaphorically %anrupov[i.(iias 1 oWe! 'yes, as I at least think;' is given more shortly, 'so I think.' Cf. note at. Nub. 1158, olos e'/iol rpiipi-rai irais. . 323. Sid t& o-x>i/"a7a] 'for the sake of your dances,' that you may have your dances. Cf. note on <5, oix t'lti ; and Aeh. 610 hi, which is explained by some to be the same, though the reading there is doubtful. 328. e'X/cuo-ai] Cf. Nub.SiO, Kopoax' z'IXkvo-bv. Supply either ctke'Xob (with the Scholiast), or axfipa. 329. Kal p. .ipxnariaff It«} The MSS. have 6pxnvywv ?j el t6 yijpa? EKduiijv ' quam si serpentis more senectam exuissem.' The absurd idea of Plorens Chr. that there is a play on the double meaning of a'o-7ris Meineke wrongly attributes to Bergler, who only gives a reference to Ran. 345 diroaUau- rj-ai (ytpoyTcs) Xuiras xp ovtov s T etmp 7ra\uLu*v Ej/tauTous, to illustrate yi]pas ekSus, 342. -n-avriyvpsis] The principal Theoriae or sacred embassies were to the four great games of Greece, and to Delphi and Delos. These' ambassadors, as representatives of their state, were expected to appear with some splendour. In Vesp. 1188 the office is mentioned as subject for boasting words. 343. J3api£Eii< have been proposed : avftpia^u-v, a-vpfSapi&ui (of doubtful existence), irvdapifyw. for this last, adopted in Meineke's text, meaning ' to dance,' cf. Eg. 697, dTrsirvSapKra po&wva TrzpiiKoKKaca : where the v in nruSapiiav may be long, as L. and S. mark it, though the passage is not decisive. The Scholiast certainly read here o-u/SojoijEie, at least they derive it from the town Sybaris, and explain by rpu^ai/. NOTES. 63 346 — 360. To this choral system should correspond metrically 385 — 399, and 582 — 600. Porson determines the first two of the three to be antistrophic. Bergk and Meineke the first and last, Dindorf all three. Some discrepancies there are between 346 — 600 and 385 — 399, to remove ■which by conjectural change would be over bold : some omissions in 582 — 600, where to mark lacunae appears the safest plan. But the system may be described thus. The first, fifth, sixth, thirteenth lines are trochaic. The ninth line is also a short trochaic. The remaining lines are composed of paeonics (-j- \j\ji\J), but for two short syllables occasionally a long one is substituted, thus forming a cretic (— v/ ~ )• 346. ttote tijk tjfxlpav] Varieties of no great importance exist in the reading of this line. If with Bergk, Bichter, and Holden we read this line, not as a trochaic, with -rairrtv /he t^» np.ipav, then in v. 385 we read p.ri&ap.io^, fir/Safius, and in V. 582 dvp.ivoi] ' Yes of course, if the lot falls oh me.' Hermes was the god of chance and lots. The Scholiast says that there is also reference to the Athenian practice of not putting to death all the con- demned criminals on one day, but settling the order of execution by lot. Cf. e's tii/' r]p.ipav ; in v. 366 : ' for what day is my execution fixed ?' 367. oiSiv tjjuiroXijKa irw] He hast not provisioned himself for de- struction. He speaks as if there were but one way of perishing, viz. by war. There may be intended some suggestion of ttoXe^os by alliteration in aVo\oup.Ei/oe. Cf. Nub. 6, dvo\oio Stjt' w Tv6Ktp.i iroWuiv ovuma. 369. iirneTpi.y]iai\ ' Crushed and destroyed you are already.' The perfect tenses here used denote the immediateness and thoroughness of the process. Cf. v. 246 for the word itself. 64 NOTES. 370. dyaOdv] As if to be destroyed at once were a blessing. Bergler compares the Megarian's saying in Ach. 755, ftvSpis irpofiovkoi. tout' ETrpaTTpv Tp tto\ei, ottois Tax* " 7 "" Ka & kczkutt' diroKoifjitda. 374. is x<"/ > ^" > ' v ] The candidates for initiation had to sacrifice a pig. The initiated were supposed to have the happiest life down below : some description of it is given by a chorus of them in Ran. 440—459. And Xanthias when approaching these says (Ran. 358) o!s fiSi ■ pot irpoffi'jrvtwe. ypipilaiv Kpetou. 376. s is much the same as tppa^e KdpxiTtKTovei. in v. 305. 431—519. After due libation and prayer the pulling begins. It goes on slowly at first, owing to the hindrance of some, and the half- hearted or misdirected efforts of others. At last, mainly by the exertions of the countrymen, the Goddess is drawn up to the light. •432. ia\\civ be or be not etymologically connected with that word. Nor is the sense of this word (only found in the future tense, and in this passage and VeSp. 1348) doubtful : ' to begin, to take in hand.' Bentley identifies it with itpla\kw-lirutWu> from iirl, i&XXw. It should then be written here ipyif 'ia\tis. But Aristophanes has the compound ETrtaXwin Nub. 1299 ; is it then likely he would have another form of the same with the aspirate

] Meineke gives this line to Trygaeus, the next to the Chorus, Trygaeus then coming in with vv. 455, 6. . ■454. nraitiv} A play on iraicou and icaiEiv. 456. 'Ep/up] Hermes is put first, as chief cause of the recovery of Peace. Schol. 457. 'Ei/uaXicp] Distinct from Ares here: sometimes ' they seem to be identified. 458. iiroTELVE — Kdmyf] It is plain from these words, and from i£ap- T(u'] Hermes and Trygaeus. There are various ways of read- NOTES. 67 ing this line. It had to be corrected from the MS. a\\' iyerov £ uve'\- kitov ko.1 atpui to correspond with v. 496. A dactyl is wanting for the metre. . 470—71. Trygaeus replies that he is hanging on and straining with all his weight and efforts. 474. popnovos] Just as in .dcA. 582, for yopyoVos," the device on La- machus' shield : cf. Ach, 1095 a-it ^yaXriv itciy pdtpov t^v yopyova. 475. 'Apyiioi] The Argives-stood neutral : cf. Thuc. ji. 9, and v. 28, o'L te 'ApyEioi &ptt7Ta ta-ypv ^ tois nrutsiit, ov %vvapap.EVOi rov Attikou TroXt/iOu, dficpOTtpots &h fidWoif svtFiroudoL oVtes iKKapirtoadfjLEVoi. The Scholiast quotes also of the Argives, from Pherecrates' Deserters, oUroi yap rjpAv ol kukiSv airoXov/xtvot i'l^ap. . M. Hiairiiva/its cUl k. t. \. 491. itivdu] Half an anapaestic line is lost here. 500—502. The Megarians are charged with, being the disturbers of Peace and occasion of War. Cf. Aeh. 520 — 32. Again, at v. 609 of this play the ' Megarian decree' is the spark, whence the war is kindled.^ Garlic was a special produce of Megara. It was used to prime fighting cocks ; but tj\ii\j/aTs rather refers to the trainers' oil in the gymnasium : and 'you anointed her -with garlic' seems to justify Bergler's note " Loquitur de Pace tanquam , de puella delicata odorem allii aversante." In fact Peace could not be spoken of as- a combatant sharpened for the contest, as the Scholiast suggests. 505. (SikciJete] . It is not quite clear, how litigiousness among them- selves should hinder peace with Sparta, or, how attention to naval matters should further it; Yet there can be but one meaning of irpoi t})u QdXaTTav 6. v. Themistocles uttered the maxim avdztcria ttjs OaXda-- crij5, and Aristophanes more thair once enforces it {e.g. Eg, 1351). Attention to the sea might indeed prevent them from coveting inland possessions and so embroiling themselves with their neighbours ; and this is how one Scholiast explains it. And the old sailor-like spirit, which Aristophanes would fain have revived, was opposed to the litigious temper then prevalent. Thus a giving up of the v 6p.oiou o£ei (toi/tiis) Kal yu\iov ; this impersonal use of o£ei being common, cf. v. 529, and Vesp. 1059, Iparimu ofyiatL 5tJioTt)Tos. ' Is there a like fragrance from her as from a knap- sack ?' The use of Kal in such comparison is well known. Originally Kal had its strict force in such phrases : tooto '6p.01.ov Kal Iki'ivo ' this and that are like' = ' this is the same as that.' Richter's insertion on conjecture oi-6p.i\ov for opoiov is truly astonishing. Hermes' question is put in fun. " Not quite the odour of a knapsack, eh ?" Rogers. 528. dirEiriW] .Parodied from the Telephus, with tt\£kos for teW. 529. Kpop.p.vogEpvyp.ia<;] From Kpoppvov, o£os, tpvyua. The vulg. Kpoppvo^upcypiai should be from of us, and piypa or something like it. The Scholiast gives ipvyii as the last part of the compound. 530. i-iroSoxvs] , ' feasting of guests, open house.' Cf. Her. vn. 119, es viroSoxas tov o-Tpa-rov. 531. -rpayioSiSv] TpvyioSmv Brunck, whom many here follow. He argues that, as particular tragedians are named afterwards, -rpaywSiSu is tautological. One might reply that particular examples of something general come in well enough. And perhaps the Athenians associated tragedies more with mirth and merriment than we do. Indeed, for this and similar changes, the arguments just prove that the Greek writer might have written it so, not that he did. 531. kix\uv] Delicacies much prized at Athens : in^lcA. 1007,1011, Dicaeopolis is roasting them. 532. ettiAXiwk] , Euripides' mind is abroad gathering ivvWia Ach. 398 : he reduces and trains tragedy twvWiois, Ran. 942. 534. otKaviKwv] This word is well illustrated by Euripides' own . boast of having instructed his countrymen in sharp practice, and by Dibnysius' comments upon this, Han. 971 — 991. Cf. also Nub. 1172 for the ' negatious and contradictious Attic temper' produced in Phidip- pides by supposed. Euripidean schooling. And Quintilian (x. 1.) says 'Illud quidem nemonon fateatur necesse est, iis qui se ad agendum comparent utiliorem longe Euripidem fore. Namque is et in sermone magis accedit oratorio generi, et sententiis densus, ..et in dicendo ac respondendo cuilibet eorum qui fuerunt in foro diserti comparandus.' 536. koKttov ywaiKwv) " Full-bosomed matrons hurrying to the farm." Rogers. nroWaKis. kir elpijt/ri vird nokTrous tpEpova-i n-t ) Kal iraKiv .tlprivrii ovari? al yvvalxes adtws eis tous ay pods E^Epxowrat Kal dvdo\o~. youo-iv. Schol. But it is not quite plain why the k6\-itos of bustling women should be specially mentioned. Meineke punctuates after ko\- ■nov, but rather approves of Hamaker's conjecture kuSuov. Reiske pro- 70 NOTES. posed KTU7rou, surely a curious word for this place. If conjecture be advisable, KapiroS might do : fruits or corn- crops belong naturally to the blessings of peace. We should then have the vintage, flocks, corn; followed by the details of bustling farm life and festivity. eh dypdv] ds l-wvbv vulg. The Rav. and Ven. MSS. have dypov. SiocTp. eis lTn/du would describe the hurrying about in-doors, to the kitchen (cf. Vesp. 837), busied with cookery. 541. vtrioiriatTp.si/ai'l to. virwirta. &. tw piaw SaKTvXui ovvapp.6aaos of the departing company ; and to take ■yopyov in its usual sense. They might look ■ fierce' or ' stern' as meaning serious work and business ; or perhaps with some remembrance of war's long troubles : which, may be what the Scholiast intends by iiril Sib iroXXou j'gtdWts £ff7Tfu5oi/, 567. QptvaKts] Cf. Nic. Ther. 113, v oTav aiiaXiov QlpEO? /ic0' dXta'La Hpya £wi)] ' Truly their vine-rows will come off well.' Bichter need not have questioned &Tra\\d%Ei.zv intransitive. Of the pres. act. so used instances are -3Sseh. Ag. 1288, Plat. Rep. 494, D. Of the 1st aor. Herod, i. 16. p-sropxiiv is the ' interordinium' of Colu- mella ; the space between the lipx 01 or iows of vines, as p.eralxp.i.ov is the space between armies. 570. SiA XP" V0V ] &s m Ve*P- 1252, 1476. Trygaeus' wish to get to his farm and hoe up his bit of land with the three-pronged fork rather favours'- 6plva£ = Tpiatva, 577. IwytdTs] laivia XiyETai r} .cpvTiia t&v iwy, ai/os. Olives were another boast of the city. 582. x o V £ X al P'] Bergk and Richter read this line x- X- <°' 5 avpi- i/oio-iK tjXSes oj *yii» is to set Demus' courage up again, and enable him to cope with Cleon. 601. dXKa ttov k. t. X.] They turn to Hermes for an explanation of the absence of Peace. With this account of the causes of the Pelo- ponnesian war may be compared that which is put in the mouth of Dicaeopolis Ach. 515— 539. Neither should be criticized by a strict standard of historical accuracy : but both no doubt represent fairly the opinion of a considerable party in Athens. 603. o-o<^wTaTo»] Diodorus quotes this line with XnripvTJTes for aro. to XnrEptfjTEs here. For why should the ysiopyol now be termed ' forlorn Y 605. ei<5iii$] Phidias was charged with subtracting some of the gold entrusted to him for the statue of Athene. This charge (ace. to Plutarch) he disproved by removing and weighing the gold ; for, by Pericles' advice, he had made it removable (cf. Thuc. n. 13). But, on a further charge of introducing among the figures on the shield like- nesses «f, himself and Pericles, he was condemned, imprisoned, and died in prison. The Scholiast, however, says he was exiled for the first charge, and that Pericles, as having superintended the work and been privy to the theit, feared for himself. That all this (whatever be the correct version) had any real connexion with the Megaiian decree and the war, we shall hardly believe if we look to Thucydides' character of Pericles [il. 65) as xpripdrvov Siacpavws dSwpoTaros, and to the real moving causes of the war. Thuc. i. 23. But a comic poet is not to be too strictly brought to account: and there were probably reports and opinions unfavourable to Pericles, which Aristophanes chooses to follow. 609. MtyapiKov s yjhovirt, txj/dtprjtTEV dfxirEKos Kal iriQos avTzXaKTiaEV, a conjunction with ofi/cETt is wanted, e. g. kovket' rjv or oiM'-et' fit/. < The general sense, with our text, is ' When once the noise began, there was no stopping it.' 615. wpotrJKqi] ' was related to Phidias, was one of his belongings: there is a play on the ambiguity of the word,> which might mean either ' to have to do with' or ' to be related, akin to.' He then goes on ,'■ that then is why she was so comely, being his kinswoman/ NOTES. 73 618. iroWa y' ti^ias \av8uvei] 'what hosts of things escape us!' Cf. Ach, 990, ftls kclKov 'ixovaa to irpoatairov dp ' iXdvdqvss ; "which passage perhaps moved Cobet to read iroXX' ap' here : needlessly, as it seems ; for the emphasizing yz with iroXXa is natural, and the surprise has been expressed by dpa in the line above. 619—627. The subject states saw you and the Lacedaemonians quarrelling, and so, hoping to escape paying their tribute to yon (which in war would be even heavier) they intrigued with and bribed the grandees of Sparta. These indeed gained, but the farmers lost. 621. 6poyi'] Athens had quietly, since the Persian war, turned their i'iyip.ovia into an &px*lt and now had states tiiroTE\eis x c 'P av Vf"°i> ti%$ taio-tv, ?j|U£ts knrl n-rjv ekslvcov TrXzvaovp.iQa. And this system was effectually carried out by descents on the Laconian coasts. 628. fi.lv oSv] ' Nay, rather :' this contradicts oCSkv aWlum of the last line. 628. Koptaiitmv] Cf. Ach. 802 for the similar form (pt(Sd\e£pti.s twv ip-irtkiwi/ TtTfitifiivaiii ; and 512, K&nol yap kativ dp-nriXia xtKofi/tlua. The Athe- nians had never, since the Persian war, seen their land so treated. Thuc. n. 21. 631. c^/iiSifivou] Porson and Elmsley think it should be ixfiiSip-vov, after the analogy of 'inirXiiOpos. Kvil/iXriv] slfois dyyttov Sektikov wvpav ry KptQwv. Schol. 632. Kara $' ios k. t. X.] The interruptions of Trygaeus and the Chorus have described the evils of the invasion of Attica. Hermes therefore goes on to show how the rural population were driven into the city of Athens, and deceived by their orators, just as the Laconian farmers were. iXdu&avar is a v. 1., but surely not so good, for iixdvOavKu. Por the sense is ; ' they did not see that they were fooled, but expected the orators to help them in their distress. These, to curry favour, L 74 NOTES. sacrificed innocent victims to the popular clamour. Then these poor ■wretches in turn bribed the orators, who thus got rich every way, while Greece was desolated.' The 'being bought and sold' (to irmKii^at) is explained by what comes afterwards. £ui/iiX0£i»] The distresses of this gathering are well described in Eq. 792—794, see the note there. The crowded state of the city soon brought on the plague. 634. fi6v being a sort of contrast to the o-iti' i)txtpwv Tpiwv (v. 312) of military life. 719. p-ifiuricri fiov] This from a servant now-a-days would suggest a fee. Nor was Hermes above such gratuities. Cf. above v. 191. 722. v