OF GOLGRAiO DiS^^ A HAND BOOK • FOR • SETTLERS Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924013910918 HD 243.C6cT" """""">' '""'"^ ''™lMlSS,!2SSS,«ilCo.oradodescrib J rJiliSONAL MOIW BY THE AUTUOK /y JS77 an engineer, surveying on the plains of Colorado, made the following entry in his note book : "The land surface here is prairie, usually slightly rolling, hut level -.^^^^^ in many places. There is an aiun- M^^^^r dance of good, tall grass. While ^^^^^k j|k there is no running -water in this ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ vicinity, water can be found by dig- ^d^^^^^^Hl^^^^ ging shallow wells, and there are ^^^H^^^^^^^^^^k frequent mater holes along the ^^P^PIBBBHP^^ draws. The soil is sandy and of " "-IE'; "" very good' quality. Thousands of buffalo can be seen every day feed- ing on the plains." Today, just thirty-eight years later, much of the land, at the exact point where the surveyor stood lohen he wrote the above, is still vacant and unclaimed, and with little change, except for the passing of the herds of buffalo. This spot is less than twenty miles from two railroads, and the land is naturally suited for farming. There is only one reason that this, as well as hundreds of other similar locations in Colorado, is tiot settled and farmed at the present time, and that is, because the people who loould appreciate this farm land and toould like to lake it, know nothing about it. The Government of the United States /((i.s- many millions of acres of unused, undcBcloped lands in the State of Colorado. Much of this is good land, considerable of it is exceptionalJi/ flood, (iiul nearly all of it is good for some purpo.ic. There are many families in the Viiiled States who wovhl like to Jinre homes on Ihis land: and if thcg oivned it and Heed upon it, it iroiihl mean not only a good lirivg, but a chance to prosper and liecoine independent. This book liax been prepared to tell the sli/ry of an unde- rcloiieil empire. 11 is not an adrertisement of a firm thai /ir(.s- land /o sell, and the descriptions should not be iiii<)inlcrpretcd or condemned because they are not written in the llnn-erii hingnafie of the salesman. The descriptions are intended to be used in conneelion loilh the maps shoioing the vacant homestead lands. The two toi/cthcr show lohat land is vacant, where it is- and of lohai characler. A careful study of these should cmible (rnyone to cho-ise a locution for a Jiome having all llie fcatnres they most desire. GEORGE S. GLASON. FREE HOMESTEAD LANDS OF COLORADO DESCRIBED Copyrighted, 1915 THE CLASON MAP COMPANY DENVER, COLORADO Free Homestead Lands of Colorado Described A Handbook for Settlers By GEORGE S. CLASON Price, $2.00 Published By THE CLASON MAP COMPANY 1515 Treraont Place Denver, Colo. FREE HOMESTEAD LANDS OF COLORADO. Twentj'-eight per cent of the entire area of the State of Colorado' was unappropriated and unreserved on July 1, 1914, according to the official report of the United States land office of that date. The total area of Colorado is approximately 66,000,000 acres; the unappropriated area nearly 19,000,000 acres. These unreserved lands equal the area of the State of Maine. In speaking of the vacant lands, the mountainous and forest areas are excluded; as this portion of the State, covering ap- proximately one-fifth of the entire area was withdrawn from entry a number of years ago and included in a system of National Forests. The lands which are vacant and available for homestead entry are mostlj' non-mountainous. The largest area of one character is probably the level prairie lands. These are generally suitable for farming and stock raising. Another classification, of which there is a tremendous acre- age, could generally be called hilly lands. These are either roll- ing foothills or low ranges of hills and would also include the mesa lands and broken lands. In the mountainous portion of the State there are vast areas of vacant lands, comprising bench lands around the sides of the valleys, natural parks in the mountains and small valleys along the streams ; also high plateaus practically level and offer- ing excellent soil; all awaiting farmers to claim and cultivate them. It can be stated as a general fact, that the soil in Colorado is usually good, fertile and productive. While a large propor- tion of this land is what would be termed "second choice," that is, that the finer lands have already been picked out; yet this land would be considered valuable m any country, a large per- centage of it being suitable for cultivation. In the more sparsely settled sections, further from the rail- roads, the first-class land has not even been taken and there are opportunities to find valleys and fertile plains as good as anyone could ask for. The scenic attractions of Colorado have been so widely heralded, that many people have formed a wrong conception of the State. They too often think of it as Switzerland on a larger scale, and as a panoramic conglomeration of mountain peaks and narrow valleys. As a matter of fact, the great plains that ex- tend westward from the Missouri river across Nebraska and Kan- Feee Homestead Lands sas, continue uninterrupted across the entire eastern half of Colorado, where they first meet the foothills, a few miles west of Denver. Colorado is traversed north and south by the Great Con- tinental divide, the crest of the Rocky mountains. The streams, on the eastern side, drain into the Gulf of Mexico, thence into the Atlantic ocean; the streams, on the western side, drain into the Gulf of California, and thence into the Pacific ocean. There are a number of shorter mountain ranges, the general trend of which is north and south. Not to exceed one-fourth of the entire area of the State is strictly mountainous. The western portion of Colorado, along the Utah boundary, is a succession of large valleys, high plateaus and rolling, hilly country. The mountainous district, which could be generally defined as a wide belt, just west of the central part of the State, is interspersed by many valleys, large and small, and by large open parks and by plateau lands. The mountains and streams divide the State into several natural divisions, each nearly as large as an ordinary State, and each, very different from the other. Those different divisions have a wide diversity of soil and climate. , At the last census in 1910, the population of Colorado was 799,024, showing an increase of 48% over the preceeding ten years, as against a general increase of 21% for the entire united States. Colorado is a rapidly growing State. It has thirty-six prin- cipal cities. Denver, the largest, has a population of 250,000; Pueblo, the second, has a population of 50,000 ; Colorado Springs, 30,000. Trinidad is the only other city which the last census gave a population of 10,000. Several of the cities have a popula- tion of 5,000 to 10,000; and thirteen have a population of from 2,500 to 5,000, and twelve have less than 2,500. The aggregate population of the thirty-six cities was over 400,000 or 51% of the total population of the State. These figures have a significance that should not be over- looked by those contemplating moving into this State. Colorado is peculiar amongst the states. It is one of the most attractive states to live in, owing to its natural scenery, elevation and climate. It is a mining State. A considerable portion of its population work in the mines and consequently only a compara- tively small percentage of the population live on farms. Of all the lands in this State suitable for farming only one- fifth are under cultivation at the present time. Colorado has been very widely advertised for its scenic attractions. Every one is familiar with the pictures of Pikes peak and our other sky-piercing mountains. Very few people living outside of OF Colorado Desckibed the State realize that the mountain ranges cross the State north and south and only cover about one-fourth of the total area. The rest is made up principally of plains with mountain valleys and mountain parks. The value of farm lands in Colorado is far below what it should be. This is easily accounted for from the fact that the available farm lands exceed the supply of farmers in the State five to' one. People are waking up to this fact, too. They are finding out that ten acres in Colorado can be purchased for the price of one acre in Illinois, Iowa and the Eastern States. They are also finding that there is not so much difference between, what can be produced on an acrt of Colorado land and on an acre in the Mississippi valley. The easiest money a farmer can make is what he can make out of the increase in the value of his land. Every $10.00 per acre increase on 320 acres amounts to $3,200. Colorado's cheap-; est lands today will rapidly increase in value as they are cul- tivated and become more productive. The United States and Colorado are working together to encourage the farmers of this State. Through the State Agri-i cultural college, located at Fort Collins, and the U. S. Gov- ernment experiment stations, located in numerous parts of the State, they have been carrying on scientific experiments to prove what crops are best adapted to our soil and climate ; and to bring in from foreign lands the seeds, grasses, grains and forage crops that are successfully cultivated under similar conditions m other countries. This work has been very successful. Bird's-eye View of Colorado, Looking North and Sliow 'W^'' '"'" '^F )w the State is Divided by Ranges of Mountains SUCCESSFUL SETTLERS. FIVE DAYS' TRIP BY AUTOMOBILE AMONG UNIRRIGATED FARMS OF EASTERN COLORADO— AN EYE-OPENER TO DENVER BUSINESS MEN. A trip made in November by ten prominent Colorado men, as a joint committee from the Denver commercial organizations, developed some surprising facts about farming v/itliout irriga- tion in this State. At the start only a few of this committee knew much about the subject, but when they returned, after actually traveling 475 miles, there was not a member of the committee who was not enthusiastic over the opportunities for settlers. In their trip they circled an area of nearly 10,000 square miles. They were not led to a few isolated examples where success was achieved on account of local conditions; on the contrary, they visited hundreds of farms along their route and personally in- terviewed the settlers. We cannot do better than quote a few brief extracts from the official report of this committee. REPORT OF INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. After carefully considering the evidence secured on this trip the committee has unanimously agreed upon the following conclusions : Profitable agriculture without irrigation and by utilizing the principles of scientific moisture conservation is being most successfully conducted in Eastern Colorado. WhUe only about 6 per cent of the available lands are now included in farms in this section, and only about 2 per cent of that amount is under cultivation, the farms are scattered over such a wide area that it is practically representative of what is possible by the same methods over all of it. That the requisites to success are, first the use of moisture conservation methods; second, basing operations upon livestock, and, third, the construction of silos. Farmers who have been in the country long enough to prove up on their lands are successfully financing themselves from their profits. Wheat is extensively raised as a "good money" crop, but a diversity of crops is most profitable. Mexican beans, corn and forage crops are being extensively raised and fed largely to hogs. Vegetables are easily grown and all farms are well supplied. Privately owned and improved farm lands cannot be bought for less than $20 per acre and are held at $25 to $30 per acre. The strongest demand for land is from farmers who live here and who are buying additional lands with their earnings. Free Homestead Lands of Colorado Descsibed 11 While soil conditions vary, there are comparatively few localities where farming cannot be successfully carried on. It only being necessary to adapt the crops to the soil. There is no scarcity of domestic water ot good quality at any point, wells and windmills being used. SETTLERS ARE GROWING WEALTHY. One of the most surprising parts of the report of this com- mittee, was that which dealt with the individual settlers. Scores of these men told their stories. Many of them had landed here with noting but debts, yet read what the committee says about them now. Every man of them has made his money on these un- irrigated plains of Colorado and he has something to show for it. They have their farms, their improvements and their live- stock. Here are a few instances: Harry Swain has been in the State only six years. Had just enough money to get there. Worked out by the day until he was able to buy some cows, hogs and chickens. He is now worth $5,000. O. W. Alexander started out very small. He now owns 320 acres with good improvements, well worth $5,000, the results of five years of work. George Cornfieff spent eight years in accumulating property worth $11,000. He got his start with a few cows, hogs and chickens. John Eoseitter has made $8,000 in seven years. Jack Sissler came here broke five years ago. He now owns 320 acres of land worth $5,000. Charles W. Brown in nine years has secured 400 acres of land worth $10,000. Mr. Edlin hasn't had a crop failure in eight years. He landed with onlj' a $15 watch ; now owns 640 acres of land twen- ty head of cattle, six head of horses, $1,000 worth of improve- ments and is worth $10,000 clear of debt. Herbert Calkins raised sixty bushels of oats to the acre; his wheat averaged thirty-seven bushels. He came to this coun- try with nothing and after eight years is worth $10,000. The committee states that these farmers are almost uni- versally successful. The unsuccessful farmers of a few years ago are gone. The secret of this success is not that conditions have changed; not that the soil is any different; nor the rainfall any greater; but that scientific investigation has proved how to cul- tivate the land to get the best results from the growth of crops and how to feed the products to stock, thereby realizing a greater amount of returns from it. WHY COLORADO IS A GOOD PLACE TO LIVE. The settlers who come to Colorado today are coining under different conditions from those of fifteen or twenty years ago. The way has been paved for them. There is a clear trail blazed to success, if they will intelligently follow the methods already proven. Colorado has over 300 sun-shiny days each year. Those who lived in damp, foggy countries can appreciate the desirabil- ity of this. Unquestionably it is one of our greatest assets and combined with clear, bracing atmosphere, gives a vim and en- thusiasm to our citizens that accounts for their physical and men- tal activities. It is rare indeed to find anyone with whom the climate of Colorado does not agree. Many who come to this State, suffering from diseases in their incipiency, become well and strong. Colorado's winters are usually dry. They start in with dry, pleasant fall days, without serious cold weather before Novem- ber. December and January are the only months in which severe weather occurs, and would not be called severe iii climates further north. Zero weather seldom lasts more than three days or a week at a time and there are about three such spells each winter. Snow seldom lays on the ground for more than a few days and at the longest a couple of weeks. The clear, bright Colorado sunshine, even in winter, quickly melts it away. By the middle of February the winter is broken. Spring is a succession of bright, clear days, interspersed with rains and wet snows. In the mountainous sections most of the annual precipitation comes in the form of heavy snows ; in the plains section, the bulk of the precipitation comes in the form of rain from April to July, or just when needed by the farmer. By harvest time the rains are over. The Colorado farmer never worries from fear of rain spoiling his grain or crops. He knows that if it does rain, the bright sunshine will quickly dry it without damage. You never see him get up from the dining table during a meal and loolc out at the weather. He does not need to worry. FEWER FARMS MORTGAGED. In the report of census of 1910 of the United States, under the subject of farm mortgages, we find that out of all the farms in the United States, 33% are mortgaged. In Iowa 51% are mortgaged; in Nebraska, 45%; Kansas, 41% ; yet in Colorado only 26% are mortgaged. Free Homestead Lands of Colorado Described 13 What more convincing argument could be brought forth in favor of the success and the possibilities for those dwelling on Colorado's farms? THESE FARMERS NEVER MISS A PAYMENT ON THEIR LANDS. The records of the State land office show that the settlers in Eastern Colorado who have bought State lands on the yearly payment plan, almost without exception, meet their payments promptly. What could be a better evidence of their prosperity than this? FARMING. The products of Colorado farms are famous for quality over the entire United States. What other section is there that Eroduces so many things, the local names for which have become y- words for quality? Among these we can mention Rocky Ford cantaloupes, Colorado celery, Fort Collins' lambs, Greeley potatoes, Grand Valley apples and Palisade peaches. Nearly all vegetables grow in abundance. The rich soil and the abundance of sunshine produce a quality that cannot be sur- passed. Grains and fodder crops do well. Although at high elevation, seeds must be selected from varieties that mature early. Up to an elevation of 6,000 feet corn does very well. On the unirrigated land scientific methods of deep tillage and moisture conservation have turned millions of acres of pas- turage lands into productive farms. The secret of the farmer's success on the unirrigated lands is stock raising; feeding his grains and forage crops to the cattle and marketing these m the form of beef, pork, cream, butter and cheese. This is not a country of large wheat fairms. Wheat does very well on the irrigated lands, and also does well on the unirri- gated lands under usual conditions. Wheat requires riiore mois- ture than many other crops. Very few farmers make a specialty of wheat in Colorado, as they find that diversified farming and stock raising is more profitable. IRRIGATION. , Colorado was one of the first states in which irrigation was practiced. The large flowing streams and the very broad, low valleys adapted themselves readily to irrigation. At present there is about 3,000,000 acres of land under ditches in this State. 14 Free Homestead Lands A great eflFort has been made to put all of the large tracts of land under ditches, especially those that could be brought under irrigation at an expense of less than $30 per acre for water. The large areas that remain now, which could be irrigated could only be brought under irrigation at a very heavy expense. There are, however, innumerable opportunities for putting water on small tracts. UNISRIGAXED FARMING. It is on the lands in this State that can be cultivated without irrigation that there are the greaest opportunities for farmers. Only within a very few years have settlers found out what crops to plant and how to cultivate them in order to make a success of farming on semi-arid lands without irrigation. The value of this semi-arid land is not appreciated at the present time, and much of it can be bought at a price below what it is actually worth in proportion to the crops that can be raised. There are still large areas of this class of land open for homestead entry. Farming on such lands is very frequently referred to as "dry farming," an expression which is a misnomer and objected to by many. It has, however, come to be a common expression, and one for which there seems to be no other word or words better explaining the meaning implied. Lands that must be dry farmed are not necessarily lands which do not have sufficient rainfall to produce crops; but lands which, owing to the peculiar surface or climatical conditions, fail to retain and utilize this rainfall. The air in Colorado, for ex- ample, is very dry. It is all the time absorbing moisture from the ground. A few hours of bright, warm sunshine in this dry climate, readily evaporates a light rainfall unless it penetrates well into the surface. Then many of the soils contain fine silt and as soon as they become wet the silt closes the pores of the soil and makes it very near waterproof. Instead of the moisture being absorbed, it runs off the surface. Dry farming is merely a process of conserving the natural rainfall. Oftentimes it begins with fall plowing and harrowing to store the water from the winter snows. The farmers who are practicing dry farming in this State under the supervision of the county agriculturist, and taking advantage of the research work of the State Agricultural college and the United States bureau of agriculture's experiment stations scattered through the State, are meeting with good success. The farmers on unirrigated lands in Colorado are making as much money as those in the irrigated districts. In many OF Colorado Described 15 localities their crops are nearly or quite as large, and their land is cultivated at less expense. CROP YIELDS IN COLORADO. Colorado is favored with a very large yield per acre, both in fields and orchards. The yield is from twenty-five to thirty per cent higher than the average for the entire United States. The following brief table gives an average crop yield for the State on a few of the principal products, as compared with the average for the United States : Colorado U. S.- Wheat, bushels 21.6 14.7 Oats, bushels 37 . 9 30 . 6 Barley, bushels 33.1 24.3 Hay, tons 2 . 06 1 . 34 Beets, tons 13. 10.6 SOIL. The soil in Colorado is unusually fertile. It has been formed by the decomposition of the mountains through countless ages, and gradually washed down into the valleys and plains. The soil is much deeper than that founJ in most other parts of the United States, varying from seldom less than two feet to often as deep as from twenty to one hundred feet. The farmer need have no fear of plowing too deep. The occurrence of cactus, sagebrush and greasewood on raw land is usually considered as an indication of high class soil. These plants do not flourish in poor soil. The absence of vegeta- tion does not necessarily prove that the soil is not good, as some of the most valuable farm lands in the State were originallj' practically destitute of vegetation when first cultivated. No fertilizer is required in Colorado. Those who are accus- tomed to paying several dollars per acre for fertilizing, may doubt this, yet it is a fact that lands have been successfully culti- vated in this State for the past twenty-five years without fertil- izing. This is accounted for by the natural fertility and great depth of the soil. One of the decided advantages for the settler on the plains and in the larger valleys in the State, is that most of the raw land is ready for the plow. There are seldom nigger heads or boulders to clear off the field — no brush to grub or stumps to pull — just good prairie sod to plow, and the field is ready to raise a crop. This enables the settler to get a crop the first year on his land. In the western portion of the State, there is often a heavy growth of sage brush and greasewood, shrubs growing from twelve inches to three feet high. These can be cleaned with a drag and burned. Timber occurs quite generally on the 16 Free Homestead Lands side of the hills, but seldom on the level or gently rolling land. The surface of a considerable area of the plains is sandy, often being almost pure sand, covered with bunch grass. It has been found that very frequently this sand is merely a coating on the surface of from two inches to a foot in depth, having been deposited by the winds on top of a good loam, and, in such instances, deep plowing will change this sandy prairie into first- class farming land. A soil that is excessively sandy can fre- quently be cultivated very successfully, as the sandy soils con- serve moisture. There is very little soil in Colorado that is not good. It is generally lack of soil that makes the barren places. Alkali occurs very seldom, and is usually only a surface deposit. Alka- line lands frequently raise good crops of alfalfa. LAND FOR THE SPECIALIST. Owing to the manner in which Colorado is naturally divided by ranges of mountains, there is a great variety of soils. The climate, also, is modified by many local conditions, thus offering splendid opportunities for the specialist to choose the kind of climate and locality best suited for what he desires to raise. Soil conditions can be found suitable for any crops that will grow at this latitude and climate. Already this fact has been taken advantage of. ' The town of Loveland ships more red rasp- berries than any other shipping point in the United States. At Longmont are pea canning factories jDroducing a quality of canned peas superior to those canned anywhere else, and rapidly supplanting all imported goods in this line. Greeley and Car- bondale potatoes are well known almost everywhere, as are the cantaloupes of the Arkansas valley. In Routt county are pro- duced strawberries of especially large size and fine quality : they come on the market after all the other strawberi'ies are oft', and command better prices for that reason. The peaches and pears in the Grand valley, and the apples of Canon City, are Avell known for their quality. On the side hills in the mountains, in the valleys, and in many other unexpected places, there are opportunities Avaiting for the specialist who will take the trouble to look for them and properly study the local conditions. CANNING INDUSTRY. While the farmers and stockmen have a readv market for everything they produce, this is not true of those who raise fruit and berries. Colorado's orrliards are very productive, and fruit growers have made a good deal of money in this Stated especiallv so when they are fortunate enough to have large crops when other or COLOKADO Djkscuiukd 17 sections of the country have failures. The fruit industi y at the present time is badly 'in need of local canning factories that will use the surplus production. Not only in the canning of fruits, but also in the canning of tomatoes, vegetables and berries, and in the drying of fruits, is there an excellent field. Colonies can establish co-operative canning plants to good advantage. This State is a large importer of canned goods from other states, for our own consumption. Colorado people are generally loyal to Colorado's productions, and will encourage tliose who produce and market home-grown goods. POULTRY. Colorado's dry climate is especially suitable for poultry raising. Fowls are free from the diseases so fatal in other sec- tions. The open winters permit their being outdoors nearly every day in the air and for this reason giving larger returns in the form of eggs than can be obtained in other climates. The silo is destined to make radical changes in the poultry industry. Poultry is very fond of ensilage or preserved fodder from tlie silo and it provides them with fresh green food all winter at a nominal cost compared with grain feeding. HOGS, ' '•■ ' Hog raising in Colorado is a very profitable line of farming. Hogs can be raised in this State, owing to the almost perfect conditions, at a less cost per pound than in almost any other hog raising State. The local demand is for 100,000 hogs each month, and there is never enough to supply it. Hog diseases, especially cholera, are practically unknown here on account of the dry climate, cool nights and short winters. ' f Field peas are raised in this State on which to feed hogs. They are sown, harrowed and allowed to grow like grain crops. The hogs then are turned into the field where they eat both the vines and the peas. They relish this feed and fatten quickly upon it. and the meat has an excellency of flavor that brings a fancy price and cannot be equaled by any other method of feeding. CATTLE AND SHEEP. This whole State not long ago Mas one great range, taken advantage of by sheep and livestock interests. All of this is changing now. In the more thicldy settled districts it is neces- sary for settlers to confine their stock to sucli as they can feed on their own land. Those who settle in the mountainous districts have better opportunities for going into the stock business on a 18 Fkee Homestead Lands larger scale, as there is a large percentage of mountain area that will never be suitable for cultivation and will always be open stock range. This is especially true of the national forests, where stock can be grazed under government supervision at a nominal grazing fee. MINING. Colorado first attracted attention many years ago by the dis- covery of gold in our mountains. Not only do the mountains of Colorado contain gold, bi^t they contain silver, lead, copper, tung- sten^ uranium, vanadium, radium and many other precious and semi-precious metals. Colorado is the location of many mines that have produced individually millions of dollars. There are still hundreds of thousands of acres of mining land unclaimed and almost unpros- pected in the mountains. If, as the old proverb says, "There are as good fish in the sea as ever were caught," then there are still golden rewards for the prospectors who will find new gold and silver mines here. The mining industry is a very large enterprise, employing many thousands of workmen, who are the consumers of what the farmers produce. Coal mining is an important industry. There is a vast area underlaid with large coal veins already being mined on such a large scale that nearly the entire Missouri valley is supplied with coal from Colorado's mines. Colorado has two producing oil fields with indications that we have more that will be developed. The mining industry is a permanent, profitable industry that will grow larger and more importaiit every year. MANUFACTURING. Manufacturing in Colorado is still in its infancy. Colorado has all the natural resources necessary to build up an important manufacturing center. An abundance of cheap power can be de- veloped from the mountain streams of this State. The manufacturing industry at present amounts to $200,- 000,000 per year. It is steadily growing. SCENIC ATTRACTIONS. Positively no article on this State would be complete with- out refering to the scenic attractions. Colorado is spoken of as the Switzerland of America, yet Switzerland, if moved bodily into the center of Colorado's mountains would be lost sight of, as we have ten times the mountainous area of Switzerland. Our mountain peaks are higher. We have deeper chasms and gulches. In this State the Eocky mountains reach their greatest height. OF Colorado Desckibed 19 Colorado has a larger area above an elevation of 10,000 feet than all of the other portions of the United States combined. In these mountain districts are our summer playgrounds. Thpy will be the joy of future generations, national camping grounds and fishing districts. Already the mountains are traversed by fine graded roads. Colorado spends a million dollars each year on good roads. Her scenic attractions are one of her valuable assets, not only because they attract tourists, but because of the pleasure they give to the citizens of this State. CLIMATE. Colorado has a temperate climate. Look on the map. It is at just the right point of latitude north of the equator for an equable, temperate climate. Summer and winter are evenly di- vided. Neither extreme heat or extreme cold will be experienced here. Colorado is a State with wonderful developments and pos- sibilities ahead of it. It has every advantage of climate, fertility of the soil, scenery, healthfulness and natural resources, that can be claimed by any of the states. Colorado is a good place to live in. SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. Colorado is well equipped with schools in the cities, towns and rural communities. Our school laws are very broad, and no child in the State need go without an education. There are numerous institutions for higher education, among which the most prominent are : Colorado College, at Colorado Springs. Colorado State University, at Boulder Denver University, at Denver. Colorado State Agricultural College, at Fort Collins. Colorado State School of Mines, at Golden. Colorado is well supplied with churches, and in the farming communities where there are no church buildings, services are commonly held in the school houses. NATIONAL FORESTS. A large part of the mountainous area of Colorado is com- prised in the 13,402,481 acres which have been withdrawn from entry and included in a system of National Forests, being admin- istered by the United States forestry service. The original idea in malring these withdrawals was to con- serve and preserve the natural timber which had been wantonly wasted heretofore and to plant young trees around the head- waters of the streams and thus protect the source of our waters that are used for irrigation purposes. A considerable area within the forests are better suited for agricultural purposes than for forestry purposes. Congress has 20 Feee Homestead Lands of l olokado JJESCitiBEP made provisions for classifying these lands and making them available to settlers. At the present time, the service is classify- ing them and designating those suitable for homesteaders. As the areas are not large and the tracts are more or less scattered, no attempt has been made to describe them in this book. Application should be made to the head ranger of each forest for the location of such tracts. Settlers on or near the national forests can secure, free of charge, such timber and lumber as they need for the construction of buildings and fences. Settlers may also graze cattle and sheep upon the national forests by paying a very nominal tax per head per annum for the privilege ; and they are allowed to graze a certain number of head free. Complete information about the regulations and the admin- istration of the United States forests can be secured free of charge by writing the department of forestry at Washington, D. C, and requesting a copy of the "Use Book." LAND DISTRICTS OF COLORADO. The United States land office has divided Colorado into ten land districts. Each district being named after the town in which the land office is located. The following list gives a gen- eral description of the characteristics of each land district. On the accompanj^ing map will be found the total amount of vacant land in each district, and that portion of each county included in the districts. A series of sectionalized maps of the various land districts is published by The Clason Map Company, showing the exact area and location of the vacant lands. Price, $1.00 for each district. DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Del Norte. This district is located in the south-central portion of Colorado, and extends to the southern boundary of the State. It is bounded on the west by the Great Continental divide, and on the east by the Sangre de Cristo range of mountains. In the center of the district is located the great San Luis valley, flat and level, surrounded on all sides by rolling foothills, bench lands, and by high mountain ranges and peaks. The valley proper is well settled and largely under irriga- tion. Outside of the valley there is very little settlement. The bench lands and foothill lands have been overlooked almost en- tirely, although there is good soil and in many places there is ' water available for irrigating small areas if caught in storage reservoirs. Through the mountains there are also fine little valleys and parks that would make attractive homes. The mountains are mostly timbered and drained by clear trout streams, a delight to the fisherman. The San Luis valley proper lies at an elevation of about 8,000 feet. This is considered quite high for farming, yet so well protected is this district and so well watered and naturally supplied with such a fertile soil, that it is one of the garden spots of the State. The production per acre of potatoes and wheat in this valley is record-breaking. DENVER LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Denver. The Denver land district lies in the north-central portion of the State. It is bounded on the north by the State line. This is a very large district. The eastern half of it lies in the 22 Free Homestead Lands plains and includes the famous Greeley agricultural district, the Poudre valley of Larimer county and the valley of the South Platte river. The western portion is broken by high mountain ranges, with successions of large valleys and parks which are very fertile and attractive to the eye. While this land office includes Denver, it is just as well to state that there are no good agricultural lands open for settle- ment in the immediate vicinity of Denver. There are some vacant lands near the city, but these are rocky and worthless. In the Denver district, however, there are large areas open, suitable for homestead entry; some places where good size colonies could find plenty of adjoining land. This district has good railroad facilities and plenty of water. In the mountainous districts there is much timber. DURANGO LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Durango. The Durango district lies on the southern slope of the San Juan mountains. This is a well watered and very fertile dis- trict. The San Juan mountains are frequently compared with the mountains of Switzerland, being a very high, rugged range. Located here are very productive gold and silver mines. The southern portion of the district has extensive deposits of coal and there is a great deal of natural timber in this section. The agricultural lands of this district produce fruits, vege- tables, grains, potatoes, etc. This district is a very sparsely settled section, offering many good opportunities for homeseekers. GLENWOOD SPRINGS LAND DISTRICT. ITnited States Land Office Located at Glenwood Springs. The Glenwood Springs district is one of the most sparsely settled districts in the State. It is quite a large district, being one and a half times as large as the kingdom of Belgium. It is a well watered district and quite fertile and destined to become an important farming section. There is plenty of timber here and wild game. There are numerous deposits of coal and some gold and copper. Lack of railroad facilities has held the dev^opment of this Eart of Colorado back for many years. The construction of the •enver-Salt Lake railroad, now completed as far as Craig, will put a transcontinental railroad line right through the heart of the Glenwood Springs district. This is a land of rolling hills, mesas and valleys. The soil is generally of good quality. This is, naturally, a good farm- ing section and there is any quantity of high class land vacant and awaiting the settler. or Colorado Described 23 HUGO LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Hugo. The Hugo district lies entirely in the plains section. Until just a few years ago this district was considered only a stock raising country, but is now the land of the prosperous farms and farmers. There is less vacant land in the Hugo district than in any other district in the State. Most of this is located in Cheyenne county. LAMAR LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Lamar. The Lamar land district is located in the extreme south- eastern corner of the State of Colorado and is situated princi- pally in the plains. The valley of the Arkansas river crosses it centrally. The southwestern corner i's what is known as the Cedar Hills country, a rather rolling, broken section, portions of which are covered with a heavy growth of scrub cedars. Many settlers have turned their attention to Baca county re- cently, where they have found large areas of high-class farm lands in the artesian water belt. There is much good vacant land still left in nearly every part of this district. LEADVILLE LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Leadville. The Leadville district lies high up on the top of the Con- tinental divide. It is crossed by a precipitous mountain range. This is a mining and stock raising district. It is too high in elevation for farming. There is a narrow valley along the Arkansas river in Chaffee county, while in Park county there is a large area of rolling park or prairie land suitable for grazing. This IS a good hay district and great quantities of native hay are raised by irrigation. MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Montiose. The Montrose district has a very large variety of lands and resources. The eastern boundary of the district is the crest of the Great Continental divide. In the mountains are gold and silver mines. In the foothills, coal mines, and still further down are fertile irrigated valleys, mesas, prairies and bench lands. The Montrose land district includes the famous Grand Valley fruit belt, the Gunnison tunnel irrigation project of the United States reclamation service and many small irrigation projects. Map of Colorado, Showing Location of the Ten itricts art id the Amount of Vacant Land in Each 26 Free Homestead Lajjds or Colorado Described There are large areas of unappropriated lands in the Mont- rose district, much of which is of excellent quality. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. United States Land Office Located at Pueblo. The Pueblo district extends from the crest of tl^e Sangre de Cristo range of mountains eastward 150 miles, and from the top of the Arkansas divide on the north, south to the Colroado state line. Nearly all of the district lies on the great plains, the west- ern portion being more hilly and partially mountainous. It in- cludes the fertile valley of the Arkansas river and also a large area of lands that could be cultivated without irrigation, but which are unsettled and unused except by the stockmen. The Pueblo district has good railroad facilities and a large market for everything it can produce. Included in its area is the famous Cripple Creek mining district and the extensive coal mines of Southern Colorado. The city of Pueblo is the second city in theSState and is the location of important steel works and other ma'Kjufacturing enterprises. \_ The amount of vacant land in this district is simply enormous. Much of it is close to railroads and there is no ap- parent reason why it should not be desirable. ^. STERLING LAND DISTRICT. \ United States Land Office Located at Sterling. \ The Sterling Land district lies in the extreme northeast- ern corner of the State of Colorado, adjoining Nebraska. It uies entirely on the great plains. \ The district is crossed diagonally by the fertile, irrigated valley of the Platte river. The rest of the district is nearly a^U rolling plains country, suitable for farming, and much of it is already under cultivation. \ The railroad facilities in this district are good. Tliere is a fair rainfall and very good soil. The largest area of vacant lands in the district at the present time are located in Yuma county, where the lands were withdrawn from entry several years ago, pending resurvey. The survey of these lands is com- pleted and they will be thrown open for entry during the spring of 1915. MAKING GOOD ON A HOMESTEAD. The resourcefulness of the average American citizen never has a better opportunity to show itself than when he starts to improve a homestead. It is interesting to notice the difl'crenL ideas brought forth in the way men locate their houses and out- buildings m regard to natural conditions. One man will build his home on the top of the highest piece of ground on his claim, delighting in the view which it gives him in every direction and defying the winds and the storms, for which it is a fine mark. Another will choose a sheltered gully and build a cozy little place surrounded with trees and covered with vines. It is a simple life, but far from an easy life. One who has not lived on a homestead cannot realize the things to be done or the disadvantage under which most of them must be ac- complished. To start out, the settler has fences to build, a home to build, a barn, chicken houses and pig pens, and usually a well to dig. All this, in addition to the problem of supporting a family. Those who realize best the problems a settler must confront, advise that he should have at least three milch cows ; one or more sows and some chickens to start in with. With this livestock, as well as a good team and wagon, he is assured of a good living for his family and the ability to plow his land and take care of his crops. The cows supply the necessary cream and milk for I the family and also provide more or less butter and cream to be sold or traded at the store. Many a successful settler, however, has made his start without most of these things. Oftentimes his principal asset is a willing wife and a family of hungry chil- dren. Rabbits, grouse and fish have helped out the larder at many critical times. Many are the occupations utilized by settlers to finance themselves until their farms begin to pay. There is more/or less demand for extra farm labor in all farming districts in the State and practically no supply of transcient labor. A man at all handy and willing to help out his neighbors can find work to do, in dig- ging wells, building silos, fences, tilling, etc. Most of the schools in the new districts are being taught by men and women, who are proving up on their homesteads, and earning a living as well from the forty to sixty dollars per month they receive for teach- ing during a few months in the year. The rural mail routes often furnishes a profitable occupation for the homesteader with- out interfering with his residence and cultivation of the land. The country post-oifice with a little store attached, has been the 28 Free Homestead Lands support of more than one who have successfully proved up and become prosperous settlers. One man took advantage of a part of the State most men thought to be of no account. He located, fifty miles from a railroad in a district occupied by stockmen and absolutely without set- tlers. His friends all laughed at him and said he would starve to death ; but he had an idea and worked it. He put his land into corn and sold all he could raise to the neighboring stockmen at $1.00 per bushel on the ear and then it was cheaper than they could buy it in town and haul it out. It takes the foreigners to realize the possibilities of the dif- ferent districts. An Irishman from the north of Ireland, took up a little valley high up in the mountains at an elevation of 7,000 feet. The land, suitable for irrigation and cultivation, was not over 100 feet in width by perhaps a quarter of a mile in length. The rest of the claim was rolling, hilly country, suitable only for pasture. During the short summer season he raised rutabagas, turnips, carrots, peas and beans. A class of garden truck that no one else raised in that district, except in little kitch- en gardens. This he hauled by wagon thirty-five miles to the nearest town and had no diificulty in selling his produce at good prices in competition with the imported vegetables. He is rais- ing a large family and now has several hundred head of cattle and several thousands of acres of land. STOCK RAISING AND DAIRYING. A careful reading of the detailed descriptions of the town- ships in this book will disclose that nearly everywhere "grazing" is mentioned as being either fairly good or exceptionally good. Not in one out of ten districts will grazing be found to be poor. Here is one of the natural resources of ninety per cent of the vacant lands in Colorado that every settler can utilize. The stock raising industry is one that few people outside of the stockmen understand or realize the possibilities of. Ten acres of average Colorado land will support one cow the year round. On a 320-acre homestead, the settler can graze twenty- five head of stock, and have sufficient land for a kitchen garden and plenty to cultivate in fodder crops for the winter feeding. Three milk cows will support a family ; one cow will pro- vide all the milk, butter and cream that one ordinary familj' requires; the butter, cream and cheese which the others will produce will buy the family's groceries. It is estimated that one cow will produce dairy products which can be marketed for $120 per year. The farmer with five, ten or twenty milk cows, cannot only make a good living, but he can grow independent without any other source of income. OF Colorado Described 29 In addition to the direct income from the cows themselves, he has the increase in the herd, which is constant and rapid. Every calf that is turned on the pasture range will increase in value from $1.50 to $2.00 per month, for four years, without any attention, save a little feeding during the snow storms in the winter time. The dairy industry is receiving much attention in this State, for here, in the tremendous area weU covered with nutritive native grasses, is the possibility of developing a profitable industry. The settler should take special care in choosing his milk stock. If he does not loiow how himself, he should go to some practical city dairyman. A cow must be a good milker to make money for the city dairy, where it is necessary to buy feed. They can tell right away what kind of stock to get and what kind to avoid. If it is not practical to get as many head of milk cows to start with as desired, buy calves and raise them. In and around the city of Denver alone there are 10,000 head of milk cows kept in dairies. In these dairies are born every year nearly lOJOOO calves. They sell them at a nominal price, or even give them away frequently. From such a source a breed of real milkers can be secured. The market is unlimited for everything a dairy farmer produces, whether it be cream, butter, cheese or fat steers. It is always salable, and at a good price, for spot cash. By raising a few acres of alfalfa, kaffir corn, sorghum and other fodder, which can be raised with very little cultivation, cut when green and stored in a silo, the dairy farmer has ample supplies of feed for the winter. The wild grasses of Colorado's prairies have a characteristic not common to grasses grown in lower altitudes and more moist climates. It ripens into natural hay without growing coarse or without losing its nutritious properties. Cattle will eat these grasses all winter long and thrive. NATURAL DIVISIONS OF COLORADO. There are many natural divisions of Colorado and many local names, some of which will be explained here, as these will be frequently referred to in the descriptions, which follow : ARKANSAS VALLEY. The Arkansas valley is the valley of the Arkansas river from Canon City, where the river first emerges out of the Royal gorge, through Pueblo, Otero, Bent and Powers counties to the Kansas state line. This valley varies from just a few miles to twenty and thirty miles in width. it is very fertile and practically all under irrigation. It is famous for its apples, cantaloupes, celery and alfalfa. There are no vacant lands in the valley proper ; but on the bench lands, above the irrigation canals, there is considerable land which is now being taken up and farmed without irriga- tion. In time other canals will be taken out from the river to cover a still larger area and put them under irrigation. This requires, however, the construction of large storage reservoirs in the mountains, as the running waters in the streams are all appropriated and only sufEcient to supply the canals al- ready in operation. It will probably be some years before we shall see any great change in the irrigated area of Arkansas valley. PLATTE VALLEY. The Platte valley is the valley of the South Platte river, running from Denver to the northeastern corner of the State, through Adams, Weld, Morgan, Logan and Sedgwick counties. The valley itself is comparatively narrow, varying from five to ten or fifteen miles. It is very fertile and most of the available lands are already under irrigation and cultivation. GRAND VALLEY. The Grand valle;^ is in the valley of the Grand river, in Mesa county, and not in Grand county, as frequently supposed. This is a wide, level valley. Most of it already being under irri- gation. The United States reclamation service is now building a large canal in the Grand valley, which will extend the irrigated area very materially. This is a famous fruit section. Free Homestead Lands of Colorado Described 31 SAN LUIS VALLEY. The San Luis valley is a large level prairie, in the extreme south-central part of the State. It is bounded on the east by the Sangre de Cristo range of mountains, and on the west by the Great Continental divide. This valley is fifty miles in width and a hundred miles in length. Geologists tell us that it was the bed of an ancient lake, which accounts for the extremely level surface. The longest piece of absolutely straight railway track in the United States is located in the San Luis valley, between Villa Grove and Alamosa. It extends for sixty miles without a curve. Irrigation canals in this valley are built in straight lines. UNCOMPAHGRE VALLEY. This is the valley of the Uncompahgre river, extending from Ouray county across Montrose county. The Gunnison tunnel, a project of the United States reclamation service, irrigates a large part of the Uncompahgre valley. It is a very fertile section and well known for its fruit a.nd grains. POUDRE VALLEY. This is the valley of the Cache La Poudre river, in Larimer and Weld counties. It is a very fertile valley, and very carefully irrigated by one of the most modern irrigation systems in the United States. UPPER ARKANSAS VALLEY. This is a narrow valley in Chaffee county, along the Upper Arkansas river. These are the principal and best known valleys in the State. Along each stream is more ov less valJey land, using the name of each of the streams. SAN JUAN COUNTRY. "The San Juan" is a general term frequently used for the extreme southwestern corner of Colorado, which includes the San Juan mountains, with their valuable metal mining dis- tricts, and the agricultural lands to the south of these, in Monte- zuma, La Plata and Archuleta counties, watered by the snows from this mountain range. Included in the San Juan country are the Montezuma and La Plata valleys. 32 Free Homestead Laxds of Colorado Described THE PARADOX COUNTRY. This is a term used to describe the extreme western portion of Montrose county, west of the Uncompahgre plateau. This is in the valley of the Dolores river and includes the western por- tion of San Miguel county and the extreme southwestern corner of Mesa county. The Paradox country is a rapidly developing agricultural district, best known, at the present time, for the production of uranium and radium ores. NORTH PARK. North park is the local name for Jackson county. It is a rolling prairie district, quite level in places, about twenty-five by thirty-five miles in extent, surrounded on the east, south and west by high ranges of mountains. It is located in the extreme north-central portion of Colorado, adjoining the Wyoming state line. MIDDLE PARK. Middle park is the local name for Grand county and covers the territory comprising the headwaters of the Grand river. It is surrounded on all sides by mountain ranges. The river emerges from the park through a series of deep canyons or gorges. Middle park is much more broken than North park. It is an ideal stock country and is famous as a fishing, hunting and sight seeing section. SOUTH PARK. South park is the local name for Park county. It is a high, rolling plateau or prairie, walled in on the west by the Park range of the Great Continental divide. South park, proper, is comparatively destitute of timber and is principally grazing land. . Along the streams are large areas of irrigated hay lands, which are very productive. ;; HOW TO FILE ON A HOMESTEAD. THE LAW IN BRIEF. Every citizen of the United States has a right to claim a homestead on any vacant land, in any state, that is open for entry. The homestead laws of the United States are technical, legal documents, filled vrith "ifs," "buts" and "v?hereases." For the benefit of those contemplating filing on homesteads, a brief, sim- ple outline of the necessary steps or requirements, is here given. A homestead was originally 160 acres or a quarter section of land, half a mile square. In some sections designated by the United States land office as semi-arid districts, a settler may now take 320 acres under practically the same provision. It is neces- sary first, that the land be visited and examined. It must be selected in forty-acre tracts. These tracts must be adjoining or touching on the corner, giving a settler an opportunity to select the best land that is open. Before going to the expense of making a trip to see lands, call or write to the recorder for the land office in that district to make sure th^jr are still open. When filings are being made rapidly in an office they may have been entered since the map showing them was made. After examining the land, application may be made in per- son, or by properly made out application blank, duly certified by a United States commissioner, a judge, or a clerk of a court of record living in or near the district, at the United States land office for the district in which the land is located. All of the necessary blanks and legal forms required for homesteading will be supplied by the land office. After making a formal application for entry a settler is allowed six months in which to establish residence on the land. That is, to move on it and take possession. After he has lived on the land for three years, from the time he actually takes possession, he is entitled to a patent, which is equivalent to a deed. Residence on the land must be actual and not as some people imagine, merely a pretense. The settler must build some kind of a suitable residence on the land itself and actually live there. After establishing his residence, absence of not more than five months in each year is allowed, providing that upon leaving, notice of the beginning of such an absence must be filed with the land office, either in person or in writing. He must also file notice uj)on his return, following such a period of absence. Two such periods cannot be in sequence. He could not leave the first 34 Free Homestead Lands of August and return the first of January to leave immediately again for another five months, as there must be a reasonable period of actual residence between absences and a reasonable cause for such absence must be explained to the land office. CULTIVATION. On a homestead of 160 acres, the law requires that a claim- ant's cultivation must not be less than one-sixteenth of the area of the entry, beginning the second year and not less than one- eighth of the area beginning the third year and continue cultivat- ing this much until a patent is obtained. Under the enlarged homestead laws on 320 acres, the entry- man is required to cultivate one-eighth of the area the second year and one-fourth the area after that. COMMUTATION. After fourteen months of actual residence on the home- stead, the entryman may commute his entry by making a cash payment of $1.25 per acre, providing he has complied with the other regulations. RIGHTS OF SOLDIERS AND SAILORS. A soldier or sailor in the service of the government may make an entry during enlistment in time of peace, and is not required personally to live on the land, but may receive a patent if his family maintains the necessary residence and cultivation until the entry is three years old. A soldier or sailor, who has served our government in time of war, is entitled to have the time of his military service apply on a residence on a homestead, providing that he, himself, main- tains an actual residence for at least one year, and no patent will be issued until a suitable habitable house has been placed on the land, and there has been one year's residence and cultivation by him of at least one year. A soldier or sailor who is discharged during time of war on account of wounds or disability incurred in the Tine of duty, can have credit for the entire time of his enlistment, subject to the above provision. BY WHOM HOMESTEAD ENTRIES CAN BE MADE. Homestead entries can be made by any male citizen of the United States over twenty-one years ; any unmarried women over the age of twenty-one ; or foreign born persons who have declared their intentions to become citizens of the United States. No person who is already the owner of more than 160 acres of land IS eligible to make an entry, as the homestead laws are OF Colorado Described 35 intended to provide homes for those who do not already have them. Under certain conditions married women are entitled to make entry as follows : Where she has been actually deserted by her husband. Where her husband is incapacitated by di&ease or otherwise from earning a support for his family and the wife is really the head and main support of the family. Where the husband is confined in a penitentiary and she is actually the head of the family. A husband and wife cannot maintain separate residences on homestead entries. If two persons marry after having made entry, one or the other must relinquish. A widow, if otherwise qualified, may make a homestead entry, notwithstanding the fact that her husband had used his right. COST OF HOMESTEAD FILING. A settler who complies with the homestead laws of the United States and actually maintains his home on the land for three years, is given free title to this land by the government His only expense being a nominal fee to the land office to cover the clerical work, the total of which is as follows : Filing fee on 160 acres, if within a railroad grant, $22.00 outside, $16. Filing fee on 320 acres, if within a railroad grant, $34.00 outside, $22.00. Final proof on 160 acres, if within a railroad grant, $12.00 outside, $6.00. Final proof on 320 acres, if within railroad grant, $24.00 outside, $12.00. As the Union Pacific Railway is the only railroad in this State having a land grant, the larger filing and final proof fees only apply to lands within twenty miles of this road. PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE. Those considernig filing on a homestead should write to the United States land office at Washington, D. C, or to any local United States land office, and request the following publi- cations, which will be sent without cost: "Suggestions to Homesteaders." "The Three- Year Homestead Laws." "Desert Land Laws and Regulations." "Timber and Stone Act." "Isolated Tract Law." These state fully all the different methods by which title can be secured to Government lands. EXPLANATION OF DESCRIPTIONS. To properly understand the land descriptions in this book, a careful reading of the following is essential. TOWNSHIP. The unit of description is a township, six miles square, con- taining thirty-six sections of 640 acres each. To properly make use of the descriptions which follow, they must be used with the Clason Land District Maps, which show what lands in each township are vacant. In many town- ships not over forty or eighty acres may be vacant, and that in the undesirable portions. In other places, practically entire townships will be found without settlers. Almost every town- ship described contained some vacant land at the time this book was prepared. In writing these descriptions the author has tried to give in brief, condensed form, the most prominent features of each township. There are good lands in some townships which in general are undesirable just as there are poor lands in the best ones. The township is the unit of the government survey in this State and reference can be made to any map of Colorado showing township lines, which should correspond with the descriptions given here. Townships are described by township numbers and range numbers, being a cross numbering system. The township num- bers run north and south from the point of initiative and the range numbers east and west. Colorado is crossed east and west, about twenty miles north of Denver, by the 40th parallel of latitude. All surveys in this Statej with the exception of the southwestern quarter and a small area in the Grand valley, are based on the 40th parallel of lati- tude and the 6th principal meridian of longitude. This may sound complicated, but it is really simple. For example, all townships are numbered north and south from the 40th parallel. Thus township 1 South, would be adjoining it; township 10 South would be sixty miles south of the 40th parallel of latitude ; which is on the extreme northern boundary of the State, and or township 10 North, would be sixty miles north. The township numbers range from 1 North to 12 North, from 1 South to 35 South, at the extreme southern boundary. Bange numbers are read west from the 6th principal meridian, which crosses north and south through central Ne- braska and Kansas. The first range number we have in this Free Homestead Lands of Colorado Described 37 State is Bange 41 West on the eastern boundary, thence num- bered consecutively across the State to Range 104 West. The above survey covers three-fourths of the State. In addition to it we have the Ute principal meridian, comprising a few townships in the center of the Grand valley, around Grand Junction, this survey having been made before the main sur- vey had been carried that far westward. In the southwestern portion of Colorado we have another survey based on the established survey line of New Mexico. This survey was carried into the southwestern part of the State be- fore the main survey was brought across that territory. The townships read north from the New Mexico base line and start in this State with number 32 North, at the extreme southern boundary of this State, numbering thus consecutively north to 51 North, at a point where this survey ties up with Township 15 South, of the main survey. The range numbers from the New Mexico survey read east and west from the New Mexico guide Meridian, there being Eanges 1 to 12 East, where the survey con- nects with Range 73 West, of the main survey and 1 to 20 West, which takes in the extreme western boundary of the State. Townships are grouped in the following descriptions by counties for convenience in locating. Where a township lies i i i L.- —i~-—\- ^ MOFFAT J SI jJACKSOKv LARIMER \ "^TH 1 ! L._.. lU BLANLU _^^^ A . WELD I — ^ ' SED6WO ! LOGAN ! ' r I i iPHIlLIPS! , i-:-r— •-! iMOReAN! ! I I I _, I : fix. *-4Je^-T' -1 » A M |WASHI»aTON| YUMA! _ J ! •■^iX ?Vv^ o l--£.!.»5. i ! I f-ii;^... I ^ A c L .^j:^ : ^^.i- -- |_._._.,._.i-,-.-.H M^y"'"";.-.^'-!---, ^;»*/ PARK L^_..,_..a._.o^ i 4 OuUlns Map of Colorado, Showing What Portions of the Stata Are Covered t>y the Three Different Surveys Fbee Hombsxbad Lands partially in one county and partially in another, it is only de- scribed in one county, usually the on« containing the largest proportion of the township. KAINFALL. In calculating rainfall, the average of records for the past ten years has been used. It will be found that the rainfall will vary but slightly from the figures given. On the eastern plains, extending from the foothills east to the state line, the rainfall varies from ten to twenty inches an- nually. In most places the average is at least one inch per month throughout the year, which is ample moisture, if properly con- served, for producing crops. In the mountainous districts the rainfall is seldom under fifteen inches, varying from that to twenty-five inches, and in numerous places it runs above twenty-five inches. On the plains the annual precipitation comes principally in the form of rains, just when it is needed by the growing crops, the fall and winter months being comparatively dry. In the mountains the heaviest precipitation is in the form of snow in the winter, rain and wet snows in the spring, and rains in the summer. Growing crops are not injured as quickly by drouth in this State as at lower altitudes. Hot winds are unknown in Colorado. DISTANCE FROM RAILROAD. In giving the distances from the railroad, the township is used as the unit and distances are air line distances to the near- est side of the township. In the plains section, the distances will correspond fairly close with the wagon road distances. In the mountainous dis- tricts the wagon road distances may be considerably more. ELEVATION. Elevation above the sea level varies in this State from about 3,500 feet in the valleys of the Platte and Arkansas rivers to 14,000 feet, at the summit of the highest mountain peaks. Elevation has a direct effect upon the climate and upon the production of the crops. The higher the elevation, the longer the winters and the shorter the summers. There is practically a true relationship between elevation and latitude. For example, a thousand feet m elevation is equal to 100 mUes in latitude. For farming purposes, an elevation of 6,000 feet at the southern boundary of Colorado would produce the same conditions as an olevation of 5,000 fe«t 100 miles further north. OF Colorado Described 39 Local conditions frequently counteract the effect of eleva- tion. Many sheltered places in the mountains have a very mild climate and no late frosts, making them suitable for fruit and grape culture. Corn is successfully raised up to an elevation of 5,000 or 6,000 feet. At an elevation of 7,000 feet and up it usually re- quires hardy varieties of grains to mature. Very little fruit ex- cepting berries can be matured at above 5,000 feet in elevation. At the extreme high altitudes of 8,000 and 9,000 feet no crops can be matured excepting the summer vegetables, hay and fodder. TIMBER. • Settlers who homestead lands having timber on them are the owners of the timber. It is unlawful to cut timber from the vacant government lands. In the national forests such lumber as a settler needs can be cut free of cost by making application to the local ranger. In the prairies and in the large valleys there is practically no timber, excepting a few cottonwoods and willows, which grow along the streams. The occurrance of timber is usually noted in the descriptions. If it is not definitely stated that timber occurs, it is almost certain that there is none. Land values in the timbered district are estimated accord- ing to the value of the surface for farming or grazing, without regard to the value of the timber. COAL. A very large area of the State of Colorado is underlaid with coal veins. Nearly all lands underlaid with coal are open to homestead entry, but the settler is not the owner of the coal. His rights are only for the surface. Coal is cheap and plentiful, and makes up for the lack of timber in many parts of the State, furnishing an abundance of fuel. Coal lands must be entered and patented in a different way. The United States land office will supply circulars describing how lands can be taken under the coal filing upon request. LAND VALUES. The land values are estimated according to the market price of the raw and unimproved lands in each township. It is intended that these values be conservative. Bear in mind that they always refer to vacant lands. For exaniple, a description may say that most of the township is under irrigation and the value is $5 to $12 per acre. The value of irrigated lands is any- where from $50 up to $200 per acre, and the values given refer only to t"he vacant lands. ^ Fkee Homestead Lands Values are naturally governed by the distance from a rail- road and population of the county. In unsettled districts lands may be quoted at $5 per acre because of the small population and the little demand for lands in that section. It should also be borne in mind that Colorado is very sparsely settled. This state can readily accommodate five times as many farmers as are living here today. The demand for farm lands, locally, is far below what it should be. Our land values are not more than half what the land should bring. At the present time the value of Colorado lands is on the increase. Just a few years ago railroad lands on the plains could be purchased at $1.25 to $2.50 per acre. These same lands today cannot be bought for less than $10 to $12 per acre and sometimes $30 to $40 . Those who get lands here today are getting some- thing that will increase in value every year. The retired farm- ers of the Mississippi valley made a large percentage of their for- tunes through the increase of the value of their lands. Such an increase is bound to take place in Colorado before this State is another generation older. It is not absurd that the profits of one year's crop on a farm will frequently pay the entire purchase price. That is the condition existing in many localities in Colorado. SURFACE DESCRIPTION. Prairie or plateau lands are generally slightly rolling, unless specified to be level. If described as rolling or undulating, it means a succession of low hills suitable for cultivation. Rough and broken prairie lands mean unsuitable for cultivation. The word "hilly" is used to describe a decidedly undulating or rolling section. Lands described as hilly are not necessarily unsuitable for cultivation. The word, mountainous, is used to describe lands steep and rugged in character, the slopes of which are not suitable for cul- tivation. A valley is open, level bottom land along streams and it may be of any size. The word "park" signifies a comparatively level piece of ground located in the mountains. A park is not a valley, as it may be high upon a mountain side or on top of the divide; it may be a large district including numerous valleys and low roll- ing hills or prairie lands between. A mesa is a flat-topped hiU, a formation frequently called "table mountains." Mesas may be of any size, large or small, and of any height, but the general characteristics must be fiat- topped with precipitous sides. Plateau table lands differ from mesas in that they do not have the precipitous sides. OF COLOHADO pEBCBIBBlD 41 An arroyo is a gulch or gulley, usually cut out by erosion ; having very steep si(tes and being a formation that accompanies mesas. WATER. Considerable emphasis is laid in the descriptions with regard to surface water. This is important for two reasons. If there is a considerable amount of surface water it usually indi- cates that there will be some lands in the immediate vicinity that could be irrigated. Surface water is also important in the stock industry, especially running water and springs that give a permanent supply the year round. Water in this State in running streams or wells is almost universally pure and good. In the mountainous sections are many mineral springs. These most commonly contain sulphur, iron and other harmless minerals. A good many of Colorado's mountain springs, espe- cially the hot springs, are radio-active. Eminent physicians are now studying the affects of these to see what curative properties they may have. At some later time these undoubedfy will be valued highly. In the prairie sections, well water can be obtained at varying depths ; in some places over large areas at just a few feet under the surface. It generally can he found within 75 or 100 feet, but occasionally it will be 200 or 300 feet in depth. In the de- scriptions, the depth of water for wells is frequently given. In some of the shallow watered districts, forexample, North- eastern Weld county, irrigation farming is carried on oy raising the water from shallow wells by means of gasoline pumps. There is a possibility for wide development along these lines. There are several artesian belts in the State. The best known are in central Baca county, and in the San Luis valley, where water can be tapped at a comparatively shallow depth and spouts under considerable pressure. ADAMS COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 99,680 Acres. Adams county is located in the central part of the State, just northeast of the city of Denver. It is all in a plain section. The western end is crossed by the South Platte river. Large areas of this county are irrigated and very productive. The eastern portion of the county is a dry farming and stock raising section. In the last few years land has been very rapidly taken up in this county, and at the present time there is not a large area available for settlement. The population of the county is 9,000. The annual prpduction of the principal agricultural products, is as fol- lows: Cereals $700,000.00 Hay 400,000.00 Vegetables 200,000.00 Other crops 150,000.00 The central portion of Adams county is underlaid with coal. This is not beingmined commercially; probably lies quite deep. While there is not much vacant land in the county, there is a large amount of land that has been taken up for a good many years and used as pasturage, which can be bought at a very nominal price and is suitable for cultivation. ^ ' Adams county has good railroad facilities; is right at the door of Den- ver's market, and is a good location for farming, dairying or stock raising. Brighton is the county seat; population 1,000. Township 1 S., R. 57 >W. — The surface is generally rolling prairie land with some bottom land along Badger creek. In the bottom land, the soil is of good quality; other portions, sand loam. There is no surface water ex- cepting along the creek. Good natural grass. Value, $11 to $15 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Blevation 5,000 feet; sixteen miles from rail- road. Township 2 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is generally rolling prairie; with a good growth of buffalo grass. The soil varies from a clay loam to a sandy )am. Suitable for cultivation. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Fifteen miles from railroad. Township 3 S., R. 57 W. — The surface of this township is rolling and badly broken in places. This is fair grazing land, but no surface water. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Fifteen miles from railroad. Township 1 S., R. 58 W, — The surface is rolling prairie, rough in places and covered with a good growth of natural grasses. The northern part is sandy, the southern part, hilly and rocky. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. There is no surface water. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Fifteen miles from railroad. Township 2 S., R. 58 W. — ^The surface is rolling prairie, rough and broken in some places. There is a good growth of buffalo grass. Destitute of wood Adams Countt 46 or water. There are some rolling sand hills. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. An- nual railfall, 10 to 18 inches. Slevation, 6,200 feat. Twenty milaa from rail- road. Township 1 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is generally rolling prairie land. There is abundance of good grazing. The soil is a sandy loam. There is no surface water excepting in Deer Trail creek. There is farming in this town- ship. Value, $6 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Fifteen mites from railroad. Township 2 S., R. S9 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The soil is a sandy loam. There is farming in this township. No surface water. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. . Ten miles from railroad. Township 3 S., R. 60 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. Soil, a sandy loam. There is good growth of grass. There is no surface water ex- cepting in Bijou creek. This is in the dry farming district. Value, $7 to $12 per acre. Ajinual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Three miles from railroad. Township 2 S., R. 61 W.— The surface is rolling prairie land, nearly level in places. The soil is sandy. This is fair grazing land, ^ater in ravines and pools. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Ele- vation, 5,000 feet. Eight miles from railroad. ALAMOSA COUNTY DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 43,748 Acres. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 12,274 Acres. Alamosa county is located in the south-central portion of Colorado, in the heart of the San Luis valley, with the exception of the northeast corner, which crosses the Sangre de Cristo Range of mountains. The rest of the county is flat and level, lying in a splendid agricultural district. The fertility of the soil of this valley is unusual and while the altitude of the valley is comparatively high for farming, being 8,000 feet, yet the fact that it is so far south and sheltered by the surrounding mountain ranges, make it a very good farming section. The yields of wheat, potatoes, alfalfa, field peas and other crops suitable. to this valley, are tremendous and not excelled anywhere in the world. Alamosa county has good railroad facilities. A large part of the county is under irrigation. Alamosa, the county seat, is the largest town, with a population of 3,000 people. This county lies in the artesian belt and has many flowing artesian wells. DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT. Township 38 N., R. 10 E. — In the center of the San Luis valley, just one mile north of Alamosa, the county seat. This township is crossed by rail- road. The land is comparatively level and is covered with chico brush and grease wood and sage brush. The soil is a fairly, rich, sandy soil and pro- duces fine alfalfa. Some artesian water secured at a depth of from 150 to 400 feet. Value, $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 5 to 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 36 N., R. 11 E. — The vacant lands in this township are mesa lands, rather above the valley level and not up to the standard of the bot- tom lands. The soil is covered with sage brush. Value, $5 per acre. Dis- tance from railroad, four miles. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 11 E. — This township is in the center of the San Luis valley. The surface is comparatively level and covered with sage brush. Fairly good sandy soil underlaid with artesian water at a depth of 150 to 400 feet. Value, $5 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 38 N., R. 11 E.- — A level, sage brush covered section without surface water. Fairly good grass growing among the sage brush. The soil is sandy and good underlaid with artesian water at a depth of 150 to 400 feet. A considerable area of this township is already under irrigation. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rain- fall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 39 N., R. 11 E. — This is a rolling sage brush country. Water is found a short distance below the surface. The township is partially in the sand hills. The soil is a good sandy soil and raising exceptionally good Alamosa Countt 45 alfalfa. BiBtanos from railroad, two miles. Value, $6 to $10 par acrs. An- ■ual rainfall, 10 inohes. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Tcwnship 40 N., R. 11 E. — The vacant lands in this township are just outside of the irrigated portion of the valley. The surface is comparatively level. There is considerable alkali on part of the land. The soil produces a good growth of alfalfa; and is underlaid with artesian water at a depth of 160 to 400 feet. Value, $8 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 37 K., R. 12 E. — ^This township is located in the eastern portion of the valley; it is crossed centrally by a railroad. The surface is level, covered with sage brush and greasewood. A good sandy soil, underlaid with artesian water at a depth of ISO to 400 feet, value, $5 to $10 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 12 E. — This township is located in the eastern portion of the valley. It has a good sandy soil, well covered with chico and sage brush; underlaid with artesian water at a depth of 160 to 400. feet. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 40 N., R. 12 E. — The eastern portion of this township is hilly and sandy covered with sage brush. The western portion is level, 'fine grazing land. Some artesian water at a depth of from 160 to 400 feet. Some surface water at a shallow depth. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Annual railfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 39 IT., R. 13 E. — ^A fractional township only about a half mile wide by six miles north and south. The soil is generally sandy and is cov- ered with sage brush. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,600 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. Township 27 S., R. 73 W. — A rough and mountainous township on the western slope of Ihe Sangre De Cristo range. The soil is generally sandy and rocky. This is fair grazing land. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. ' Township 28 S., R. 73 W. — The surface of this township is mountainous, reaching to the crest of Sierra Blanca, the highest mountain in southern Colorado, and sloping westward. The eastern portion is mostly above itimber land. The western portion is well timbered with spruce and pinon, and some Cottonwood. This township is well watered by streams and creeks and the land is suitable for grazing. Value, $3.60 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Township 29 S., R. 73 W.— Outside of the regular bottom lands, the soil in this township is sandy, covered with sage brush. This township is in the extreme eastern portion of the San Luis valley, just under Mt. Sierra Blanco. The elevation is so high that frost occurs almost at any time during the year, making agriculture hazardous. Mostly grazing land. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, three miles, Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. ARAPAHOE COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lauds, 4,040 Acres. Arapahoe county is in the central part of the State, adjoining Denver. In the western end of the county, around Littleton, the county seat, there is considerable irrigated land. The rest of the country is used for dry farm- ing and stock raising. The vacant lands have recently been taken up very rapidly in this county. There is very little left at the present time. There are, however, large areas suitable for cultivation, which are used for pasturing or not used at all, that can be purchased at a very nominal price. Its closeness to Denver, and the good market facilities, makes this an especially desirable section in which to locate. The population of the county is 12,000. The population of Littleton is 1,500. The value per year, for the principal agricultural products, is as follows:- Cereals $250,000.00 Hay 400,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 125,000.00 Township 4 S., R. 57 W. — Most of the surface of this township is badly broken up with deep ravines and rough hills. The soil is of poor quality. There is a good growth of grass. Water can be found in pools in several ravines. The southern portion is a little better, rolling prairies. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,200 feet. Fifteen miles from railroad. Township 5 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is broken by large ravines; very difficult to cross. The soil is generally third rate. This land is good only for grazing purposes. There is no surface or running water. Value, $3.50 to $6.00 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,300 feet. Ten miles from railroad. Township 4 S., H. 58 W. — The surface is broken up by ravines running in aU directions. Some portions are suitable for farming, some rolling hills. There is no surface water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre, .^nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,200 feet. Eight miles from the railroad. Township 5 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is broken with gullies and ravines. Some portions of this township are nice level land; others hilly; some valleys. The soil is adobe. Grazing only medium. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,300 feet. Five miles from railroad. Township 5 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is generally rolling. The soil is adobe. Grazing, medium. There is considerable farming in this township; also indications of coal and iron. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,100 feet. This township is crossed by a rail- road. ARCHULETA COUNTY DURANGO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 114,789 Acres. Archuleta county lies on the extreme southern boundary of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. It is located on the southern slope of the San Juan mountains and is largely included in the San Juan national forest. This is a fertile, well-watered section, originally very heavily timbered, although much of the timber has been cut off. Archuleta county is very sparsely settled, the total population of the county being only 3,500 people. There are good farming lands in this county. Much of the vacant land offers excellent opportunities for homesteaders, both in taking up new land and in farming the logged off lands. This is quite a productive stock country, but up to the present time the agricultural output is very small, about as follows: Cereals $ 75,000.00 Hay 125,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 25,000.00 Fagosa Springs, population 1,000, is the county seat and the location of some large medicinal hot springs that some day will have a national reputation for their wonderful curative properties. Township 32 N., R. 1 E. — The surface of this township is very moun- tainous, with deep canyons along the state line. Grazing is good along the river and in the valleys. This section was originally heavily timbered, but most of it has been cut. There are some large open parks, where feed is food and abundant. This township is crossed by a logging railroad. Value, 3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 32 N., R. 2 E. — This township is generally rough and moun- tainous, much sage brush and valleys where the grazing is good. There_ are some good lands along the river bottoms, with the exception of a strip a mile wide. The rest of the township is included in the Tierra Amarilla grant, a grant made by the king of Spain to one of his favorites, when this section still belonged to Spain. This township is reached by a logging rail- road from the main line. This section of Colorado was originally heavily timbered. Much of the timber has been cut. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 33 N., R. 2 E.— This township is mountainous and well watered. There is some fertile bench land along the river bottom. All of the town- ship except a strip one mile deep in the southern boundary of the township, is included in the San Juan national forest. A logging railroad runs within one mile of the southeastern corner. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 32 N., R. 1 W.— This township is generally mountainous. A portion of it is fairly level and fine for grazing purposes. There is more or less pine timber. This township is crossed by a logging railroad. Value, $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. 48 AechuixETa County Township 35 N., R. 1 W.— This township is just east and adjoinLog Pagoca Springs, the county seat. The east one-half of the township is in- > eluded in the San Juan national forest. The district is hilly. It is well watered by several streams, which have some good land along their bottoms. Good grazing. Originally this section was covered with heavy mill timber, most of which has been cut, as the lumbermen were not very particular as to whose timber they cut. It is probable that the good timber has been stolen from the few tracts of land still vacant in this township. When the stumps are cleared ofif the lands make excellent farms. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from railroad, one mile. Township 36 N., E. 1 W. — This township is mountainous and with the exception of sections 31 and 32, is included in the San Juan national forest. This district is well watered and was originally covered with heavy timber, most of which has been cut off. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Three miles from railroad. Township 32 N., E. 1^4 W. — This township is a narrow strip of land about one-half mile in width by four miles north and south. In general it is mountainous. Valuable yellow pine and Douglass fir timber may be found in portions. There is plenty of surface water for stock. Excellent grazing throughout. The soil is a thin black or sandy loam with many ro(£s and stones and is fairly moist. This land would not be considered as agricul- tural land at present, but is of value for its timber and grazing. Distance from railroad, six miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,S00 feet. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 36 N., E. lYi W. — This is a narrow strip of ground about one- half mile wide by six miles north and south. It is mountainous and the soil unfit for agricultural purposes. The only creek crossing it is alkaline and unfit for domestic use. There is some good timber in section 36 and the rest is covered with scrub oak and other brush. Distance from railroad, seven miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Township 32 N., E. 2 W. — This township is entirely mountainous, rough and broken, more or less covered with scrub pine, spruce, cedar and pinon. A few small springs are to be found in some of the canyons. There is a little farming land. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 33 N., E. 2 W. — This township is hilly and high mesa land There is very little land suitable for agriculture, excepting that along the river bottoms. This township was originally covered with good pine and cedar timber. Excellent grazing throughout. Distance from railroad, three miles. Value $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 34 N., R. 2 W. — This township is mountainous and nearly all included in the San Juan national forest. The lands outside of "the forest are all taken up with the exception of a few pieces, ranging from 40 to 360 acres in size. It is probable that the best timber has been cut from these and that they would be classified as logged off lands with a value of $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 35 N., R. 2 W. — ^In the eastern part of this township is located Pagosa Springs, the county -seat of Archuleta county. There is considerable farming being done without irrigation in this district around Pagosa Springs, Akchuleta County 49 utilizing the logged-oflF lands. Some portions of this township are rough and unsuitable for cultivation; others fairly level. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Township 32 N., R. 3 W.— This is a fractional township on the extreme southern border of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. The southern tier of sections are mountainous and covered with a dense gi'owth of pine, pinon and cedars, with excellent grass. The rest of the township is a rolling mesa. The lands along the river bottoms are good. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 33 N., H. 3 W. — This township is mainly adapted to grazing. There is good agricultural land along Cat creek. Water and grass is abund- ant. There is a heavy growth of pine timber in the northwest portion. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 34 N., R. 3 W. — The soil in this township is considerably below the average for this district. The surface is mountainous in the western portion and rough and broken in the eastern part. The timber is mostly pine with a dense growth of brush in most parts. The soil is adobe. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 32 N., R. 4 W. — The river valley is from one-quarter to a mile wide and is good agricultural land; the balance of this township is high roUing mesa, covered with pine, pinon and cedar. There is an abund- ance of good gramma, grass. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 33 N., R. 4 W. — The surface is hilly and mountainous with pine timber on the ridges, and cedar and pinon over the rest. The only water consists of small springs along El Eondo creek and a very large flowing spring in a small valley in the northeast quarter of section 9. This township is chiefly valuable for timber and grazing purposes. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 32 N., R. 5 W. — The agricultural lands in this township are confined to the river valleys, the remainder being mostly mountainous and covered with heavy pine timber. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 33 N., R. 5 W. — This township is mountainous, covered with pine and cedar timber. The small strips of agricultural land along the river have been pretty carefully picked over. Distance from railorad, three miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 32 N., R. 6 W. — This township is rolling mesa land, valleys and low ridges. The valleys are filled with a dense growth of sage brush; and the ridges are covered with pinons and cedars. The soil is a sandy clay and very productive under irrigation. There is no running water. Cattle water is found at holes which collect surface run-off. Grass is good. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. 50 ABCHtJIiETA •COTJNTT Township 33 N., R. 6 W. — The surface is rolling land, ridges and valleys; the former heavily timbered with cedar and the latter covered with a dense growth of sage brush. There is no running water. Distance from railroad, three miles. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. BACA COUNTY LAMAR LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 53S,206 Acres. Baca county is about fifty miles in length and forty-flve miles in width. It is located in the extreme southeast corner of Colorado, adjoining the Kan- sas state line. The population of Baca county is nominal, compared with the area, being only about 3,000 people at the present time. This is a prairie section, a natural stock and grazing country. It is the only county in Colorado not touched or crossed by railroad. It is a section of wonderful agricultural opportunities. Over a large area of the county the soil is fertile and suitable for cultivation. There is not much surface water, but it is readily secured through windmills and many artesian wells have been found. Springfield, population 200, is the county seat. This is a county well worth investigating as the settler can find good farm land here. The agricultural production at the present time, is only nominal, owing to the- very small population of the county; the average value per year being about as follows: Grains and cereals $60,000.00 Hay 80,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 50,000.00 Township 28 S., R. 41 W. — This is a fractional township adjoining the Kansas State line. It is a high rolling prairie adapted for stock raising. There are two small creeks in the township. The land is covered with a fair stand of buffalo grass. There is some dry farming in this district. The soil is loamy. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 3,600 feet. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Twenty-eight miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 41 W. — The surface of this township is gently rolling prairie, fairly level in places. The soil is loamy, covered with buffalo and gramma grasses. This township is crossed by Buffalo and Bear creeks. Along ear creek are groves of cottonwoods. Value, $5 to 12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,600 feet. Thirty-five miles from rail- road. Township 30 S., R. 41 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The soil is a sandy loam covered with bunch grass and yucca. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,600 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 41 W.— This is a good dry farming district. The surface is a fairly level prairie. Good sandy loam soil. No surface water. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Covered with buffalo grass. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 41 W.— This is a fractional township adjoining the Kansas state line. The surface is nearly a level prairie with a gentle slope north and northeast. The soil is a good sandy loam covered with buffalo grass. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. There is no surface water. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inebw, Suitable for grazing and dry farming. Fifty miles from rajjroad. 52 Baga County Township 34 S., R. 41 W.— This is a fractional township adjoining th« Kansas state line. This township is crossed by the Cimmaron river. The surface is a rolling prairie. Along the river bottoms are hay lands banked by sand hills. In those portions of the township not sandy, grazing is good. Value, $2 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,500 feet. Forty-five miles from raihroad. Township 30 S., E. 42 W.— The surface is gently rolling mesa land, located in the artesian belt and in a good dry farming district. Sandy loam soil. Well covered with gramma grass. Value, $7.50 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,600 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., E. 42 W. — Part of this township is level with a good sandy loam soil; the rest is rolling and sandy. It is located in the best dry farming section of Baca county. Sand arroyo, which crosses the town- ship, is a dry gulch. The land is well covered with bufialo, gramma grass and soap weed. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,700 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 42 W. — The surface of this township is nearly all level prairie with a loamy sandy soil. No surface water. Good growths _ of gramma and buffalo grasses during the wet season. Farming and grazing land. Value, $3,50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 3,800 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., E. 42 W. — This township is crossed by the Cimmaron river. There are good natural meadows along the river. The rest of the township is sand hills and rolling prairie. It is covered with a fair growth of native grasses. No surface water outside of the river. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,800 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., E. 42 W. — This is a fractional township adjoining the Oklahoma state line on the southern boundary of Colorado. It is crossed by the Cimmaron river. There are some good lands along the river. The rest is sand hills. Vegetation, mostly bunch grass and yucca. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Forty miles from railroad. Elevation, 3,600 feet. Township 28 S., E. 43 W. — ^This is high prairie land, good for grazing. Little Bear creek runs along the northern boundary of the township and Buffalo creek along the south end, furnishing plenty of waten for stock. Not so good for farming. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,900 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Township 30 S., R. 43 W. — This township is crossed by Bear creek. It is generally rolling prairie; some places perfectly level. The soil varies from a sandy loam to light clay loam. It is in a good dry farming district. Produces good crops of milo, maize, grain, etc. There are fine groves of Cottonwood trees along Bear creek. Value, $7 to $10 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 3,900 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 32 S., E. 43 W. — The surface of this township is partially gently rolling and partially a level prairie. There are some dry streams, but no surface water. The soil is a good loam, sandy in places. It is located in a good dry farming district and is naturally covered with a good growth of native grasses. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva< tion, 4,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Baca Countt 58 Township 33 S., R. 43 W. — The surface of this township is partially a rolling prairie and partially level. The soil is mostly loam. Some places a sand;^ loam of gooS quality, covered with a fair growth of native grasses. There is no surface water. If irrigated from wells or cultivated under modern dry farming methods, the soil in this township would produce good crops. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., H. 43 W. — The surface of this township is gently rolling prairie land, level in places, covered with a fair growth qf native grasses. The soil is a loam of fair quality. A considerable portion could be cultivated. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,900 feet. Forty-flve miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 43 W. — The surface of this township is rolling, inclin- ing to be rough and hilly. This is a good grazing country, covered with bunch grass and yucca. Not possible to irrigate and not recommended for farming. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 3,700 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 44 W. — The surface of this township is high rolling prairie land, naturally covered with a fine quality of gramma and buffalo grass. The soil is sandy loam of good quality. Most of the township is in the Two Buttes irrigation district and irrigated with water from the Two Buttes reservior on Two Butte creek. Value vacant lands, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 44 W. — This township is located in the Artesian belt of Baca county. The surface is a rolling prairie land covered with si good growth of bunch and buffalo grass of fine quality. Horse creek crosses the township and along it are some fine groves of cottonwoods and meadow lands. The soil is principally a light clay loam. Value, $7.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Thirty-five miles from railroad. Township 30 S;, R. 44 W.— The surface of this township is a rolling prairie. Bear creek runs along the southern part, along which are fine groves of Cottonwood timber. Plenty of grass of good quality covering the town- ship. The soil is light clay loam or hard soil. Plenty of water in Bear creek. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,000 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 44 W.— This is mostljr level prairie land with some sand hills. There is scattered vegetation, principally bunch and buffalo grass. The soil is a sandy loam and well adapted to dry farming methods. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 12 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Forty-five miles from railroad. No surface water. Township 32 S., R. 44 W.— The surface is level and gently rollins prairie. The soil, a rich sandy loam, in some places, sandy; well covered with a good quality of native grass. This land will produce broom corn and cane, etc. V^ue, $6 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 mches. Eleva- tion, 4,000 feet. No surface water. Fifty-five miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 44 W.— This township is crossed by the north fork of the Cimmaron river. The soil is generaUy good, but sandy along the river Vegetation mostly buffalo grass. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual 54 Baca CotrNTx rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,100 feet. No eurface water. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., R. 44 W. — The surface of this township is lerel prairie land with now and then a few sand hills. The soil is generally sandy and produces a fairly good quality of buflfalo and gramma grass. No surface water. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 44 W. — This is rolling prairie land covered with sage brush, buffalo and other grasses. Loamy soil. No surface water for stock or irrigation. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 45 W. — The surface of this township is a high prairie on top of a mesa. It is well covered with buffalo and gramma grass. There is flowing water in the North branch of Horse creek, which crosses the southern portion of this township. The soil is good sandy loam. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,100 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 45 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land, crossed by Horse creek and its branches. There are fine groves of cottonwoods along the creek. A fair stand of buffalo grass. So far the land in this township has been used for grazing only. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,100 feet. Thirty-flve miles from railroad. Township 30 S., R. 45 W. — The surface of this township is gently roll- ing prairie or table land. The soil is a nice light clay loam. Plenty of water. Good grazing in this township. Cottonwood timber along Bear creek. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,200 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 45 W. — ^The surface of this township is a level prairie. The soil is a sandy loam in places and adobe in other places. It IS second rate, but capable of producing excellent crops. Naturally covered with a good stand of buffalo grass. Cane and milo maize constitute the principal crops. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,200 feet. Forty-five miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 45 W. — A part of this township is rolling and a part level. The soil is generally rich loam, sandy in places. Some scattered sand hills. Vegetation, bunch grass and yucca and sage brush. No surface water. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,200 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 45 W.— Nearly level or gently rolling prairie land. The soil is good, mostly a sandy loam. The township is drained by Dry Gulch canyon, the north fork of Cimmaron river, and is on top of the divide between the Cimmaron and Arkansas rivers. No surface water. Good grass. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Ffty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., R. 45 W. — This is gently rolling prairie land. Rough and sandy in the extreme southern portion. Otherwise good, hard sandy clay soil, producing good gramma and buffalo grass. No surface water. This soil would be very productive if irrigated. Value, $3.60 to $6 per acre. Rainfall, 10 to IS i>ouM. Elavation, 4^00 feet. Fifl^ miles from railroafl. ^ Baca County 55 Township 35 Sr, R. 45 W.— A fractional townsliip on the aouthern koundaiy of Colorado adjoining the Oklahoma State line. Prairie land, eoT- •red with a fair stand of buffalo grass. No surface water. Good stock range. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to IS inches. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 46 W. — The surface of this township is principally high gently rolling prairie, well covered with buSalo and gramma grass. In the northern part of the township is Two Buttes reservoir. Horse creek, which crosses the southern part of this township is a, dry gulch. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 mches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 46 W. — ^The surface of this township is generally rolling. It is crossed by a branch of Horse creek, along which uere are Cottonwood trees. The township is covered with good grass. It is in the dry farming section. Values, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Thirty-flve miles from railroad. Township 30 S., R. 46 W. — The surface is high, rolling mesa land crossed in the southern portion by Bear creek, along which is a heavy growth of cottonwoods. There is generally plenty of water in the creek. Grass in this township has been killed by drought. Eussian thistles have taken its place. This township produces good dry land feed crops. The soil is light clay loam. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Springfield, the county seat of Baca county, is located in this township. Bainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 46 W. — The surface is partially rolling and partially level prairie land covered with an abundant growth of short grasses. This land would be very productive if irrigated. Dry farming is carried on with fair success. The soil is loamy, but sandy along the gulches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. No surface water. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Forty-flve miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 46 W. — This is rolling prairie. The soil is generally a rich loam, but sandy in places. There is a fine growth of natural grasses. No surface water, but water can be obtained by drilling from 75 to 300 feet. This is a good grazing country and would raise excellent crops, if irri- gated. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 46 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. No sur- face water. The soil ranges from an excellent sandy loam to almost pure sand. Water obtained only from wells. Covered with a fair stand of Duf- falo grass. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Eleva tion, 4,400 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., R. 46 W. — The surface is partially level and partially rolling prairie. In general, this township is inclined to be too sandy; in some portions, however, the soil is a rich loam. No surface water, but water can be obtained by digging. Covered with a fair stand of buffalo grass. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 46 W. — The surface is mostly rolling praifie land with a few small mountains. No surface water excepting in spriiigs in the northwest comer of section 15. The soil is sandy with some sand hills. Used for sheep grazing. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Fifty miles from raibroad. 56 Baca County Township 28 S., R. 47 W.— The surface of this township is generally high, rolling prairie land. Two Butte creek runs along the nortnern boundary of this township. Cottonwood timber along this creek. This township is rather arid and not extra good grazing land. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Thirty "miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 47 W. — The surface of this township is prairie, gen- erally rolling. The soil is light clay loam. Some surface water. Good grazing land in the dry farming district. Value, $6. to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Thirty-five miles from rail- road. Township 30 S., R. 47 W. — The surface is gently rolling. Light clay loam soil. Good buffalo and gramma grass. This township is crossed by Bear creek and Cat creek, in which there is running water part of the year. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 47 W. — ^Rolling prairie country. The soil mostly adobe, with some sandy soil intervening. Excellent grazing country, cover- ed with short grass and weeds. Water obtained by windmills only. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 47 W. — The entire township is rolling prairie with a heavy growth of grass and weeds. Excellent grazing country. Soil ranges from excellent sandy loam to very sandy. Water obtained only from wind- mills. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 47 W. — The surface is partially rolling and partially level prairie, covered with a dense growth of weeds and short grass. It is an excellent grazing country. Water obtained from windmills. The soil ranges from sandy loam to sand. This soil would produce abundant crops, if irrigated, and should produce good crops by dry farming methods. Value, $3.50 to $S per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 18 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. • Township 34 S., R. 47 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land. Some parts of the township have excellent sandy loam soil and dry farming on this land might prove successful. Other portions are very sandy and useless for farming. The entire township is covered with a good growth of nutritious grasses. , No surface water. Water is obtained only from windmills. Value, $3,50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 18 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 47 W. — The surface of this township is mostly level Erairie; some portions are slightly rolling with the west range of sections roken by gulches of Red canyon. There are springs and natural water holes in this township. It is fair grazing land, covered with buffalo and bunch grass. No timber in this vicinity. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 18 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is principally high rolling prairie. Two Butte creek, which is well lined with cottonwoods, crosses it diagonally. The soil is a light clay loam. The bottom lands along the creek, might be irrigated by pumping. There is running water in the creek most of the year. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Baca County 57 Township 29 S., R. 48 W.- — The surface is high rolling prairie, covered with gramma and sand grasses, traversed by numerous arroyos and water holes and adapted naturally for grazing. The soil is a light clay loam. This section has been overgrazed by sheep, temporarily injuring the range. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 30 S., E., 48 W.— This township is principally high, rolling plains, traversed by sandy arroyos. The sandy bottoms of Bear creefc are covered with a good growth of gramma and sand grasses. Well adapted for grazing. Some natural water holes, but no running streams. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Forty miles from railroad. , Townshig 31 S., H. 48 W.— The surface is level and gently rolling prairies, with a good growth of weeds and short grass. The soil is second- rate adobe and sandy loam. No surface water, but can be obtained by digging. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Forty-five miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 48 W. — This township is in the open range country. The surface is rolling and covered with an abundant growth of buffalo grass. Ideal grazing section. Water can be obtained by drilling 75 to 100 feet. The soil would produce well if irrigated. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is partially rolling and partially level prairie, covered with a good growth of weeds and short grass. An excellent grazing country. The soil partially adobe of a good character and partially sandy. This land would produce fine- (^ops if it were possible to irrigate it and might be successfully farmed by dry farming methods. There is no surface water, but it can probably be ob- tained anywhere by drilling 75 to 100 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Fifty miles from rail- road. Township 34 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is mostly roll- ing prarie; some portions hilly. There is a good growth of nutritious grasses. There are natural springs in the southern portion of the township. Water can be obtained almost anywhere by digging. The soil is a sandy loam and adobe of good quality. It could probably be successfully^ farmed by dry farming methods. Most of it would be very valuable if irrigated by pumping. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 48 W. — ^Most of this township is rough, rocky hills and bluffs with good grazing lands between. It is crossed by numerous canyons in which can be found spring and water holes. A few scrub cot- tonwoods are in evidence. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is generally rolling with some level table lands broken along the creeks and ravines. The soil is a light clay loam. Plenty of surface water" in Two Buttes creek which crosses the southeast corner of the township and its tributaries. Along Two Buttes creek runs the old original Santa Fe trail. This is good grazing country. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,600 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. 58 Baca Cottntt Township 29 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is generallj rolling. It is well watered by Two Buttes creek, which crosses the town- ship diagonally and in which there is running water the year round. The soil is a light clay loam. This is a good grazing section and used at th« present time for sheep. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, IS to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Thirty-five miles from railroad. Township 30 S., R. 49 W. — The surface is mostly high rolling land, traversed by numerous arroyos with scattering water holes. While the soil is second-rate, the grass is fairly good, consisting of gramma and sand grass. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 49 W. — The surface is rolling prairie covered with an abundant growth of weeds and short grasses. There is no surface water but water can be secured by drilling. The soil is hard clay and sandy loam. This land would be very productive, if it could be irrigated by pumping and should produce a good growth with modern methods of farming, without irrigation. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Forty-five miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 49 W. — This is a high rolling prairie covered with a fair quality of buffalo and sand grasses. There is water in most of the arroyas part of the year. It is on the open range and in a good grazing country. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 49 W. — This is partially rolling and partially level prairie with some mountain ranges in the southwest part. It is entirely covered with an abundant growth of short grasses. No surface water, but same can be obtained by drilling. The soil is a fair grade of adobe, which would be very productive if irrigated by pumps. It may be cultivated suc- cessfully by modern dry farming methods. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,900 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 34 S., R. 49 W.— This township is inclined to be rough and hilly, with a poor grade of timber scattered over it. The surface is mostly covered with good grazing grass. Water can be obtained at a depth of 150 feet, although there is no surface water. Dry farming is being tried in this township. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 49 W. — ^Thls township is mostly rough land cut by canyons of great depth. Water is found in springs and in holes along the canyons. There is little cultivated land in this township. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Fifty mUes from railroad. Township 28 S., R. 50 W.— The northeastern portion of this township is a rolling prairie; the balance is a broken, rough country, covered with a fine growth of cedar trees. Rule creek passes through deep canyons, afford- ing shelter for stock. Grazing is excellent and it is used for a sheep range. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Thirty miles from railroad. Township 29 S., R. 50 W.— This township it crossed by Two Buttts creek and is one of the best watered townships south of the Arkansas river. Grazing is excellent. In the southwest part of the township is a fine body of cedar trees, making excellent winter shelter for stock. The surface i» Baca County , 59 fenerslly level prairie land, rough and hilly in places, covered with buffalo grass. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, It to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,800 feet. Thirty-flve miles from railroad. Township 30 S., R. 50 W. — A part of this township is high rolling prairie with good gramma and bunch grass. The rest of the township is cut by canyons and arroyos. There are several fine springs and water holes. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Forty miles from railroad. Township 31 S., R. 50 W.— The surface is mostly rolling prairie." The soil is sandy and of very good quality. Water can be secured by drilling. This land would be very productive, if irrigated, and probably can be farmed successfully by modern dry farming methods. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Forty-five miles from railroad. Township 32 S., R. 50 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The soil is excellent, covered with an abundance of nutritious grasses. Water can be secured by drilling. This soil would produce fine crops if irrigated by pump- ing and could probably be successfully farmed by modern dry farming methods. It is in the open range country and used principally for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 33 S., R. 50 W. — Some parts of this township are rolling prarie, but most of it is rough and hilly. The soil is generally hard sandy clay producing good gramma and buffalo grass during the wet seasons. Some surface water. In the open range. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Fifty miles from rail- road. Township 34 S., R. 50 W. — This township is partially level prairie land with a hard clay and sandy soil and partially rough and hilly, being covered with dense timber. There are numerous springs and water holes in this township. There is water in Carrizo creek the year round.. Farm- ing is carried on at present to a very limited extent. It is an ideal stock country and there are indications of mineral. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. Township 35 S., R. 50 W. — This is a fractional township on the southern border of Colorado adjoining the New Mexico state line. In the eastern part of the township are some good valleys, suitable for farming. There is plenty of water for stock throughout the township. The western portion is mountainous, containing some scattered timber. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fifty miles from railroad. BENT COUNTY LAMAR LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 386,708 Acres. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 62,294 Acres. Bent county is located in the southeastern part of the' State and is crossed by the Arkansas river, and a large area of the county is under irriga- tion. The Fort Lyons canal, which irrigates most of the land under water in this county, is the largest canal in the State. Lately there has been considerable settlement on the bench lands above the river, and farming without irrigation. The soil generally over the county is of good quality. It is naturally a good stock country. The approximate annual value of the agricultural products at the present time are as follows: Cereals $175,000.00 Hay 334,000.00 Vegetables, fruits and other crops 200,000.00 The population of Bent county is 3,500. Las Animas, the county seat, has a population of 2,500. LAMAR LAND DISTRICT. Township 21 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is nice, level prairie land, with a good, sandy loam soil; slightly rolling in places and cov- ered with a fair growth of bunch grass. Most of the township is under ir- rigation. Distance from railroad, two miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. Township 23 S., R. 48 W. — The Arkansas river and railroad run along the northern boundary of this township. The vacant lands are rolling, sandy prairie lands, south of the river. This section may later be put under irriga- tion; it is fairly level and would be valuable land if watered. At present of little value except for grazing purposes. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 3,800 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 24 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is rolling, prairie land, with a light, sandy loam soil. Some very good lands vacant here. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, six miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 25 S., R. 48 W.— The surface of this township is generally roll- ing prairie land with a sandy loam soil. Fair growth of grass; very little surface water in this township. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 26 S., R. 48 W. — This township lies on the edge of Little Cedar hills. The general character of the surface is rolling, broken by gullies. Very little surface water. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. This is principally grazing land. Distahec from rail- road, eighteen miles. Township 27 S., R. 48 W. — The northern part of this township is composed of limestone hills; the southern portion, high rolling prairie land. A good Bent County 61 Krasing district. Very little surface water. Cistance from railroad, twenty- five miles. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Annual rainfall, IS to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. This is principally a grazing district. Township 21 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is level, prairie land with a light clay loam soil. There is running water in Limestone creek most of the year. Distance from railroad, three miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 22 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is high rolling prairie land. This township is crossed by railroad, also by the high line ditches of the Fort Lyons Canal system, located just north of the Arkansas river. Value, $8 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,800 feet. This is a farming section. Township 23 S., R. 49 W. — The Arkansas river and railroad run across the northern boundary of this township. Outside of the river bottoms, the surface is fairly level. The soil is a light sandy loam. Much of this town- ship may later be irrigated; if so, the land will become valuable. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 3,800 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 24 S., R. 49 W. — ^A rough, rolling township ; mostly high and arid. There are large pools of standing water along Mud creek at all seasons. This township is only good for grazing land. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Dis- tance from railroad, five miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Township 25 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie and hills. There is quite a little surface water along Mud creek all the year. Plenty of stock water in the the townhsip. Not recommended for farming. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 26 S., R. 49 W. — ^This is a good township for stock raising pur- poses. Plenty of water in the creeks. The surface is gently rolling, but broken along the creeks. The soil is sandy, but of good quality. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, eighteen miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Township 27 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is an open, roll- ing prairie, naturally covered with good grass. The soil is sandy but of good quality. The surface is somewhat broken along the ravines. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Distance from a roilroad, twen- ty-five miles. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. There is plenty of room in this township for a whole colony to settle. Township 21 S., R. 50 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The growth of buffalo and bunch grass is medium. Just north of the Arkansas river, along the southeastern corner, the land is broken and lies in the limestone hills. In general, the soil is of fair quality. Surface water is very scarce. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Distance from railroad, four miles. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 22 S., R. 50 W. — This township lies just north of the Arkansas river. The northern tier of sections consists of low hills containing a good quality of limestone. Very little of the land in this township is suitable for farming. A railroad crosses this township, also the Fort Lyons canal. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 18 inahts. Value, $6 to $15 per acre. 62 Bent County Town^ip 23 S., R. 50 W. — The Arkansas river and railroad crosses the northern portion of this township. South of the river the surface is undulat- ing, with some buttes. The soil is loamy and covered with a fair growth of native grasses. There is stock water in Rule creek. This township is mostly susceptible to irrigation. Value, $10 to $18 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Slevation, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. SO W. — ^A very attractive section, smooth, excepting along Caddoa creek, where it is very broken and rocky. Good building sand- stone along the creek. Fairly well grassed. The soil is a light clay loam. Water in Caddoa creek only during the wet season. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet Distance from railroad, four miles. Township 25 S., R. 50 W. — A good grazing and dairying district. Not much surface water. There is abundance of good red sandstone along Caddoa creek, also some limestone. This township could not be irrigated. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Value, $7 to $10 per acre. Distance from railroad, ten miles. There are many thousands of acres here unclaimed, Township 26 S., R. 50 W. — The surface of this township is high, rolling prairie land, quite rough in portions. The grazing is excellent. There is a spring in the northeastern corner of section 30. Water is generally scarce. Sandstone in abundance along the branches of Caddoa creek. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, eighteen miles. Elevation, 4,300 feet. An- ual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. This township is nearly all vacant. Township 27 S., R. 50 W.— A rough and broken township, covered with excellent native grasses. The surface is cut up by numerous ravines and rocky canyons. Not suitable for farming, but excellent grazing and dairying district. Distance from railroad, twenty-five miles. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Only four or five settlers in the entire township of thirty-six square miles. Township 21 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is generally level prairie land in an open range country. No surface water except in pools. Good natural growth of bunch and buffalo grass. The soil is of fair quality. Distance from railroad, four miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Out of the thirty-six square miles in this township, thirty-three square miles are vacant. Township 22 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is gently rolling prairie land just north of the Arkansas river, and is crossed by a railroad. Most of the township is under cultivation. The soil is good, being partially a sandy loam and partially a clay loam. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from Las Animas, the county seat, two miles. Value, $7 to $10 per acre. Township 23 S., R. 51 W. — The Arkansas river and railroad cross the northern portion of this township. There is a fine fertile valley along the river. South of the river the surface consists of low, sand hills. There is no surface water. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. The sanitarium of the United States navy is located in this township, on the north bank of the Arkansas river. Distance from Las Animas, the county seat, two miles. Township 24 S., R. 51 W. — ^In that portion of this township lying west of Rulo creek the surface is fine, level land, sloping gently eastward. There Bent County 63 IS plenty of water in the creeks. The soil is a good sandy loam. This is a good farming section. The eastern portion of the township is more broken, rolling and rooky. The soil is a light clay loam. This township is located five miles from Las Animas, the county seat, and four miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 5 to 10 inches. Value, $5 to $12 per acre in cash. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 25 S., R. 51 W. — This township consists of a good quality of prairie land. There is plenty of water in Rule creek and scattering groves of cottonwoods along the banks of the creek. Gtood building sandstone is to be found in this township. The surface is somewhat broken along the gulches. Gtood clay loam soil. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. This is a good grazing district. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 26 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is rolling and broken prairie lands, close to the edge of Cedar hills, a non- irrigable district. This is a fine stock-raising and dairying country. There is surface water in the creeks and good grass. Good sandstone building stone, some hard and some so soft it slacks like lime. Distance from a railroad, eighteen miles. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 27 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is rolling and broken prairie land near the edge of Cedar hills. There is no water for ir- rigation. Some fairly smooth bottom lands. This is an excellent stock- raising and dairying country. Good grazing throughout. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Distance from a railroad, twenty-five miles. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 21 S., R. 52 W. — The surface of this township is level prairie land covered with a medium growth of buffalo and bunch grass. The soil is partially a hard clay and partially a sandy loam. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Located five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 4,100 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 22 S., R. 52 W. — The surface of this township is mostly level . prairie land, over which water can be easily conveyed for irrigation. The soil is a rich sandy loam producing good grasses, and under cultivation good crops of grain could be raised. Some portions of the township are high rolling prairie lands. The soil on these lands is partially a sandy loam and sometimes adobe. These portions cannot be irrigated. Ko surface water in the township. A railroad crosses the southern portion. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. -Located one mile from Las Animas, the county seat. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 23 S., H. 52 W. — The Arkansas river and railroad crosses this township along the northern boundary, and in it is located Las Animas, the county seat. There is fine, rich bottom land along the river all under irri- gation. Value, $10 to $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. 52 W.— This township is crossed by the Picket Wire river. Most of it is under irrigation. The surface is a little undulating with loamy soil, covered with a poor growth of native grasses. There is no sur- face water outside of the river. Value, $8 to $10 per acre. Located four miles from Las Animas, the county seat. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 indies. 64 Bent Cotjntt Township 25 S., R. 52 W. — The surface of this township is open prairis lands with a clay loam soil. Portions of this township are under irrigation. This is a farming, dairying and stock-raising section. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located ten miles from a railroad. Township 26 S., E. 52 W. — Outside of Muddy Creek valley, this township is hroken and rocky, covered with a fair quality of cedar trees. There are several large springs in the township. Within the open range country, used for sheep grazing at the present time. Not suitable for cultivation. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to IS inches. Township 27 S., R. 52 W. — ^Along Muddy and Johnnie creeks the land is low and nearly a level plain. Fine grazing. The balance of the township is broken and rough, covered with a fair quality of cedar trees. This rough land is not suitable for cultivation. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Located twenty-one miles from a railroad. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. Township 21 S., R. 53 W. — The surface is partially level and partially rolling prairie land, covered with a, good growth of natural grass. There is some excellent soil, varying from a clay loam to a sandy loam. This town- ship is crossed by Adobe creek, dry part of the time. Also by the supply canals of the Fort Lyons Irrigation system. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. This township is touched on a corner by the rail- road. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Township 22 S., R. 53 W. — The surface of this township is prairie land just north of the Arknasas river. It is partially high and level and partially high and rolling. There is a fair stand of buffalo grass. Pools of standing water are to be found along the' creeks. This township is crossed by rail- road. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 23 S., R. S3 W. — This township is crossed by the Arkansas river and railroad. The northern portion along the river is irrigated. The southern portion is mostly rough, rolling, sandy land without surface water. Suitable only for grazing. Value, $6 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. 53 W. — The surface is rolling, unirrigable prairie land with a clay loam soil. This township is recommended only for grazing. Ele- vation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Instance from railroad, three miles. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 25 S., R. 53 W.-— The surface is broken and rough. There are some good lands along the Picket Wire river, which crosses this townhsip diagonally. The soil is sandy. There is no surface water. This township is not recommended for farming. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 26 S., R. 53 W.— Outside of the valley of the Picket Wire river, along which there are some good lands, this is a grazing section that cannot be irrigated and hag no surface water. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from a railroad, fifteen miles. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Bent County 65 Township 27 S., R. S3 W. — This township is just on the edge of the Cedar hills at the headwaters of Muddy creek and is principally prairie land, with some broken, hilly sections covered with a fair quality of cedars. There is no water except in springs and some large holes of standing water along Muddy creek. This township is used at the present time for sheep grazing. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Distance from a railroad, twenty miles. Elevation, 4,S00 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. BOULDER COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 66,360 Acres. Boulder county is located in the north central portion of the State. It is a small county, about twenty-five by thirty miles in area. Twelve miles, on the eastern edge of the county, is high-class agricultural laud; very fertile and well tilled; the rest of the county in the western portion raises to the crest of the great Continental divide and is very precipitous and mountainous, it is a stock growing and mining district. Boulder county is an attractive place to live in. Boulder, the county seat, is a beautiful city of about 10,000 people and Is the location of the Colorado State university. The next town of importance in the county is Longmont, with a population of 5,000. Boulder county offers good opportunities for those seeking to purchase improved or partially improved lands, but has little to offer those looking for vacant lands open for homestead entry. The only vacant lands in the county are rough, mountainous, with very small area suitable for agricul- tural purposes. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products in Boulder county is as follows: VV lieat and other cereals $900,000.00 Hay 700,000.00 Vegetables, fruits and other crops 600,000.00 Township 1 S., R. 70 W. — Section 17 is located on top of a rocky hill covered with boulders. It is second-rate grazing land. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 2 N., R. 70 W. — The northwest V4 of Section 6 is located on top of Eed hill, a limestone butte. It is second-class grazing land. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 3 N., R. 70 W. — There are between 2,000 to 3,000 acres vacant in this township. It is located on top of rough and rocky hills and it is of no value except as second-rate grazing land. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 1 S., R. 71 W. — -The surface is broken and mountainous. There are scattered patches of pine and spruce timber. There is some good t razing land. This township is crossed on the south by the railroad. Value, 3.50 to $6 per acre. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Township 1 N., R. 71 W. — The surface is broken and precipitious. There is some pine timber. This is an old established mining district, and there are no available homestead lands in this township. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. There are vacant mineral lands. Township 2 N., R. 71 W. — This township is mountainous. The surface is very broken and peroipitious. It is an old established mining district. While there is lots of vacant land, it is worthless for agricultural purposes and could not be taken up for stock raising, as it is mineral land and sub- ject only to mineral entry. Township 3 N., R. 71 W. — The vacant lands in this township are rough, rocky and mountainous. These lands Avould not interest anyone seeking a place to file on a homestead. Boulder County 67 Township 1 S., R. 72 W. — The surface is mountainous with occasional meadow and grazing lands. There is a scattered growth of timber. More or less mining. There is only a little vacant land left in this township and that is both rocky and worthless, except for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. The railroad crosses the southern part of the township. It is well watered. Township 1 N., R. 72 W.— While there is considerable vacant land in this township, the high elevation, rough, rocky character of the surface, makes it worthless for agriculture. This is an old established mining district and homestead entries could not be made here. Township 2 N., R. 72 W.— The surface is mountainous throughout. There is quite a growth of pine timber in spots. There are a number of small natural lakes. Some meadows and open mesa land that can be cul- tivated. Elevation too high for successful farming. Very doubtful if any open land worth taking can be found in this township. For grazing pur- poses the land is worth about $4 per acre. Located one mile from the rail- road. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 3 N., R. 72 W. — The surface is rough and broken. There are very narrow valleys along the streams. There are some open parks. There is some very good agricultural land in this township and excellent graz- ing over most of it. It is doubtful if any open land exists worth taking. There is small scattered timber and plenty of water. Elevation is very high. Summer season is very short. Located eight miles from the rail- road. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 1 N., R. 73 W. — Sections 1 and 12 of this township, the only portions not included in the Colorado national forest, are on high rocky hills just west of the town of Ward. It is mineral land only, and worthless for agriculture or grazing purposes. Township 2 N., R. 73 W. — This township is all included in the Colorado national forest. It is rough and mountainous. Settlers have applied for homestead entries in this territory and failed to prove up on them, they have therefore reverted to the government and can be entered in the usual way, instead of through a special provision of the homestead act. Owing to the high altitude, thia land, including some little meadows, would be worthless, except for stock raising. Township 3 N., R. 73 W. — This township is very rough and mountain- ous. All except the extreme eastern portion ia included in the Colorado national forest. This township is well watered with streams and lakes. There is quite a growth of timber. Suitable only for grazing. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Located twenty miles from the railroad. It is located just south of the famous Long's peak. The extreme elevation makes the season short and the land of little value excepting for stock raising. Eleva- tion, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. CHAFFEE COUNTY LEADVILLE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands,. 90,396 Acres. Chaffee county is located In the central part of the State. It is walled in on all sides by high mountain ranges; the center of the county being the upper valley of the Arkansas river. The mountainous portions are included in the National Forests and are heavily timbered. There is considerable metal mining carried on in small mining camps in these mountains. The county seat is Buena Vista, a very attractive city of 1,000 people. Salida, with a population of 4,500, is the largest town in the county. It is the location of large railroad shops, smelters and other industries. The principal resources of Chaffee county are mining and stock raising. The agricultural production per year being about as follows: Cereals and grains $100,000.00 Hay 125,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 50,000.00 The population of Chaffee county is 8,000. Township 15 S., R. 77 W. — A rough and mountainous township, broken with sandstone ridges. There is good grass; also sufficient water in ordinary seasons. Some fine timber. Suitable only for grazing. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. This township is nearly all included in the Leadville National Forest. Township 13 S., R. 78 W. — A very rough and mountainous township, all included in the Leadville National Forest except a little strip in the extreme southeastern corner along the Arkansas river. There are no vacant lands of any value in this township. Township 14 S., R. 78 W. — Buena Vista, the county seat, is located in this township. There are some fair agricultural lands along the creeks and river bottoms, and good grazing everywhere. Some timber. The northeast and eastern portions are hilly and rough, with indications of mineral. This town- ship is crossed by two railroads. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township IS S., R. 78 W. — This township contains considerable excellent farming land along the valley of the Arkansas and in other portions. Much of the surface consists of elevated plateaus, covered with timber; some portions affording excellent grazing. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 S., R. 79 W. — This township is very rough and mountainous. There is a narrow valley along the river with good bottom lands. The rest of the township is included in the Leadville National Forest. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, 3.50 to $5 per acre. Crossed by two railroads. Township 13 S., R. 79 W. — The western portion of this township is included in the Leadville National Forest and is mountainous. In the eastern edge lies a narrow valley along the Arkansas river. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Chaffee CotrKTY 69 Township 14 S., R. 79 W.— The western portion of this township is covered by the Leadville National Forest, and is rough and mountainous. The eastern portion lies partially in the narrow valley along the Arkansas river and par- tially in the foothills. The elevation is 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located two miles from railroad. Township 15 S., H. 79 W. — All of this township except the extreme north- eastern portion is rough and mountainous land included in the Leadville National Forest. The portion outside of the forest is rough, broken foothills, covered with sagebrush. Grazing land only. Located five miles from a rail- road. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 49 N., E. 7 E. — A rough, mountainous township, all included in the Cochetopa National Forest with the exception of the eastern and northern portions, consisting of rough foothills. Valuable only for grazing purposes. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. This township is close to a spur railroad. Township SO N., H 7 E. — All except the southeastern portion of this town- ship is included in the Cochetopa National Forest. Lying in the rough foot- hills. This is a barren section and not fit even for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. This town- ship is crossed by a railroad. Township 49 N., H. 8 E. — The southern part of -this township is rough and mountainous, suitable only for grazing. It is included in the San Isabel National Forest. In the northern portion along the Arkansas river are some fine bottom lands. The remainder of the township is medium quality of graz- ing land. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township SO N., R. S E. — There is very little good land in this township, except along the Arkansas river bottom. A little cedar and pifion timber is in evidence on the rough and hilly land, outside of the river bottoms. The bottom land is all taken. Value, $3 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. This township is crossed by a railroad. Township 51 — N., R. 8 E. — The portion of this township east of the Arkansas river is partially broken by ridges and ravines; the rest is also broken, but covered with good grass, affording splendid pasturage both winter and summer. A large part of the township can be irrigated from the Arkansas river. There is some fine agricultural land along Brown creek, which furnishes plenty of water for irrigation. There are some mines in this township. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Crossed by railroad. Township 49 N., R. 9 E — A very rough section of hills and mountains covered with pifiion and pine. There is a little good farming land in the north- western part along Bear creek. There are indications of copper in this town- ship. Crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 50 N., R. 9 E. — In this township is located Salida. Most of the township is rough and hilly. In the northeastern portion is a first-rate agri- cultural district, being smooth prairie land sloping to the river, which fur- nishes unlimited water supply. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Township 51 N., R. 9 E. — This is a rough and mountainous district with good grass. There is some timber in portions. Located four miles from a railroad. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. This is not an agricultural township, but aflFords fair grazing. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. CHEYENNE COUNTY HUGO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 65,060 Acres. LAMAR LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 30,135 Acres. Cheyenne county is located in the extreme eastern portion of Colorado, adjoining the Kansas state line. Tt is located entirely on the prairie, and is crossed centrally by railroad. There is very little farming by irrigation in this county, but considerable is done without irrigation. It is in a district that has been very rapdly settled up recently. This is due to the fact that lands formerly used for grazing are being developed into agricultural lands, and are raising crops every year with- out irrigation. Cheyenne Wells is the county seat, with a, population of 350. This county is about 30x60 miles in area, with a total population of only 5,000. The products of Cheyenne county farms have been rapidly increasing of late years; the last official figures for 1910 were as follows: Grain $100,000.00 Hay 75,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 25,000.00 HUGO LAND DISTRICT Township 12 S., R. 43 W. — This township is rolling prairie land, traversed by Big Timber creek and its tributaries, which drain southeast. The soil is a light clay loam, quite productive with sufficient moisture. There is a growth of native grass. This is a good grazing section. Water is obtained in wells at a depth of 150 to 200 feet and is of good quality. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, seven miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 13 S., R. 43 W. — The surface of this township is level, gently rolling prairie. The soil is a light clay loam and quite productive of forage crops, suitable for semi-arid regions. Grazing is good. Water can be found at a depth of from 150 to 200 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inclies. Distance from railroad, two miles. Township 15 S., R. 43 W. — The surface of this township is level, prairie land, traversed by small dry creeks in the northern and southern portions. The soil is a light clay loam, producing forage crops suitable to the semi-arid regions. There is a good growth of grass. Water can be obtained at a depth of 150 feet, and is of good quality. Located four miles from a railroad. Ele- vation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 12 S., R. 44 W. — The surface of this township is level, in some parts rolling prairie. The soil is a light clay loam, covered with a, good growth of natural buffalo grass. Under cultivation this soil will produce forage crops. Water of good quality is found at a depth of 150 to 200 feet. Located eight miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Township 13 S., R. 44 W. — The surface of this township is level, gently rolling prairie land. The soil is a light loam along the creek. Water of good quality is found at a depth of 100 to 200 feet. When cultivated, the soil will Cheyenne County 71 produce forage crops. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Township IS S., R. 44 W. — This township is a rolling prairie, with drainage in a general eastern direction. The soil is a light clay loam, when cultivated produces good forage crops. There is a good growth of natural grass, making this township suitable for grazing purposes. Water can be found at a depth of 100 feet. No running water in the township. Value, $5 to $10 per acre, located two miles south of Cheyenne Wells, the county seat. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Annual rainfall 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad two miles. Township 12 S., R. 45 W. — This township is a high, level, gently rolling prairie. Most of the land is used for grazing purposes. Crops usually do well here. Good water can be had at a depth of 150 to 200 feet. Located ten miles from railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Eleva- tion, 4,000 feet. Township 13 S., R. 45 W. — The surface of this township is gently rolling, level prairie land. The soil is a light clay loam with a good stand of natural grass. This land is suitable for cultivation. There is a good quality of water found at a depth of 125 to 200 feet. Land sells in this township at from $5 to $20 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 14 S., R. 45 W. — This township is gently rolling prairie land. The soil is a light clay loam. Water can be found at a depth of from 150 to 200 feet. There is no surface water. Good hard soil, well adapted to dry farming, and is covered with a good growth of buflFalo grass. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 15 S., R. 45 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land. The soil is a dry, thin, clay loam. Water can be obtained by digging wells at a depth of from 200 to 300 feet. There is a good growth of buffalo grass, and stock-raising has been the principal industry until recently, when dry farming began to be practiced with a considerable degree of success. Farm improvements of a permanent character are being made by settlers. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 12 S., R. 46 W. — The surface of this township is level prairie land. Good water can be obtained in wells, but at considerable depth. The soil is a dry, light, clay loam and adapted to farming. There is an excellent growth of buffalo grass, affording good pasturage. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 46 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land. This is a grazing country, with dry farming being practiced with good success. There is no surface water, but it can be obtained by digging wells. Located four miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 14 S., R. 46 W. — The surface of this township is high, gently rolling table lands. The land is of good quality and conditions are favorable for dry farming methods. Pasturage is excellent. Water is found by digging wells of considerable depth. This township is crossed by a railroad. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 15 S., R. 46 W. — This township lies partially on a high, level table land. Water is found at a considerable depth in wells throughout the 72 Cheyenne County township. The surface is covered with a good growth of buffalo grass. Dry farming is being practiced here. Located two miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $18 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 12 S., R. 47 W.— The surface of this township is high, gently rolling prairie, with a dry soil of light, rough, clay loam character, well adapted to dry farming ; the soil is covered with a natural growth of buffalo grass. There is no surface water, but water of excellent quality can be obtained by digging wells. Crops are usually good. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 14 S., R. 47 W.— The surface of this township is level, rolling prairie land; the western part lying in the flats. Good crops can be raised without irrigation even in the dry seasons. In the eastern portion good water is obtained at a depth of 150 feet. The soil is a sandy loam. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. This township is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 15 S., R. 57 W. — The surface of this township is high prairie land, level and gently rolling; all suited for grazing and dry farming. Some portions are sandy, but this soil retains the moisture and withstands consider- able droughts. Big Sandy creek carries considerable water in flood times, but is dry at other times. There is no timber, except a few scattered groves of cottonwoods along Big Sandy creek. There is a distinct tracing of alkali in the water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. This township touched by the railroad. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 S., R. 48 W. — The surface tif this township is gently rolling prairie land, somewhat broken along the creeks. Wells have to be dug 150 feet in depth; the water is of excellent quality. This is a dry farming district, and crops are usually good. The surface is naturally covered with good buffalo sod. The soil is a sandy loam. Located twelve miles from a Tailroad. Eleva- tion 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is rolling, sandy prairie south of Big Sandy creek, and level prairie land north of Wild Horse creek. The creeks crossing this township are dry, excepting at flood times. The entire township is suitable for grazing and dry farming. The soil is sandy, but retains moisture a -considerable length of time; withstanding droughts better than a clay loam. The water, with a few exceptions, shows distinct tracings of alkaline. Value, $8 to $15 per acre. This township is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is high, rolling prairie land, broken by numerous dry creek bottoms. There is considerable outcroppings of limestone and gypsum along the creeks in the northeastern portion. In the west the lands are not as badly broken. There is no running water. The soil is a sandy loam, producing a good growth of grass; how- ever, it is below the average in quality. This is a good stock range. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 13 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is rolling and partially level, prairie land, with some low, rolling sand hills in Sections 14 and 15. There are springs and water holes along the creek, but no running water except in flood time. Good well water is obtained at a depth of 100 to 150 feet. The land is covered with good buffalo grass. This land is well adapted to grazing, but not recommended for farming. Distance from rail- road, five miles. -Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Cheyenne County 73 Township 12 S., R. 30 W.— The surface of this township is gently rolling prairie. In the dry creek bottoms are springs and water holes. There Is no run- ning water. The soil in most places is a rich, sandy loam, producing a fine quality of grass. Corn and wheat is raised to some extent. Water is found at a depth of from 14 to 100 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Value, $8 to |15 per acre. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 13 S., R. 50 W. — The surface of this township varies from a level to rolling prairie land. The soil throughout is a good clay loam produc- ing grains to a fair degree. The surface is naturally covered with a good stand of buffalo grass, making this a splendid grazing country. Water can be obtained at a, depth of 100 feet. There is no water in the creeks except- ing in flood times. Value, $8 to $15 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 14 S., R. 50 W.— The northern portion of this township is nearly level, with a clay loam soil. Plenty of water in Big Sandy creek for stock. The southern portion is made up of sandy prairies and sand hills, with plenty of water lying close to the surface. Alfalfa is raised success- fully without irrigation in the creek basin, where water occurs at a shallow depth. Stock raising is the principal industry at present. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. This township is crossed by a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 15 S., E. 50 W. — The surface of this township is high, sandy prairies, broken at intervals by low sand hills. The soil is a sandy loam, with a subsoil of sand, thus retaining the moisture. Dry farming is being carried on with success. The surface is covered with an excellent growth of buffalo and bunch grass. This is a good grazing district. Distance from railroad, one mile. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is gently, roll- ing prairie in the southern portion and low sand hills in the northern por- tion. The soil varies from second to fourth rate. There are several springs along Wild Horse creek, but no water that flows above the surface. The soil produces a good growth of grass. This section is well adapted to graz- ing purposes. Distance from railroad, six miles. Elevation, 4,800 feet. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is gently rolling prairie land. There is no surface water, but good water can be obtained at a depth of from 100 to 200 feet. The soil is good and producing a fair quality of natural grass and crops of wheat, corn and forage when cultivated. Along Arroyo creek water is found at a depth of from 5 to 10 feet below the surface. This township is touched by a railroad. Elevation, 4,500 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 51 W. — This township is crossed east and west by Big Sandy creek and a railroad. The southern portion consists of sandy, prairies broken at intervals by low sand hills. North of the creek the surface is nearly level prairie. The soil is well adapted in this township to dry farming. Excellent grains are raised in the river bottoms under natural con- ditions. Water is found close to the surface anywhere in the basin of the Big Sandy creek. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. 74 Cheyenne Coxtnty LAMAR LAND DISTRICT. Township 16 S., R. 42 W.— The surface of this township is high, level prairie, slightly broken in the southwestern portion, also in the northern. There is no water in the township except as taken from wells at a depth of from 160 to 200 feet. The soil is a dry, light, rough clay loam about twelve inches in depth and is quite productive, when properly cultivated; it is un- derlaid with a subsoil of stiff clay. This is naturally an excellent grazing township. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 43 W. — The surface of this township is practically level prairie land, although gently rolling in places. The soil is a dark clay loam of about medium texture, with a clay subsoil. A dense growth of short buffalo grass covers the entire township, affording good grazing. Dry farm- ing is practiced in this township with some success. Water is obtained by boring wells 160 feet deep. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 44 W. — The surface of this township is gently roll- ing prairie land. The soil throughout being a brown clay loam, of from six to twelve inches deep and of medium texture, with a clay subsoil. A thick growth of buffalo grass covers the entire township. Well water of poor quality and containing much alkali is obtained by boring wells from a depth of 50 to 300 feet. This is a dry farming district. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 16 S., R. 45 W. — The surface of this township is level and gently rolling prairie land in the northern portion; the southern portion is rolling with a soil of brown clay loam of from eight to fourteen inches in depth and of medium texture with a subsoil of clay. In the northern por- tion the soil is a sandy loam of fine texture, with a dry sandy subsoil. The township is covered with a heavy growth of buffalo grass. Water, which is obtained only by boring, is strongly alkaline. The land in this township is suitable for dry farming. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Township 16 S., R. 46 W. — The surface of this township is level and gently rolling prairie land, sloping gradually to the south. The soil in the northern portion, is a stiff clay, but is quite sandy in some places; it is of medium texture with a clay subsoil. In the remaining portion of the town- ship the soil is a light, sandy loam of from eight to fifteen inches deep and of a medium texture, with a dry clay subsoil. There is a heavy growth of buffalo grass covering the entire township. Water is obtained by boring wells to a depth of 200 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Eleva- tion, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 47 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land with a number of sand hills, sloping gently south. The soil is sandy and light in color; it is of fair texture and dry, being on a sandy subsoil. There is a thick growth of short buffalo grass covering the entire township, affording excellent pasturage for several hundred head of cattle. Water of good quality, containing only a slight trace of alkali, is obtained by sink- ing wells 10 to 150 feet. There are a few Cottonwood trees along Big Sandy creek. Distance from railroad, six miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Cheyenne County 76 Township 16 S., R. 48 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie in the northern portion, and more rolling hills in the southern part. The soil is a light, sandy loam of fine texture, on a clay subsoil. There is a thick growth of buffalo grass covering the entire township, affording good grazing. A few scattering cottonwoods are found along Rush creek. Water of a fair quality is obtained by sinking wells 60 to 200 feet. A portion of this township is under cultivation. Distance from railroad, five miles. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 49 W. — The surface of this township is composed of rolling prairies and low sand hills. The soil is a light, fine grained sand mixed with clay in places, on a clay subsoil. A heavy growth of buffalo grass mixed with scattering short sage brush covers the entire township. Water is obtained at a depth of ten feet along Rush creek, and at a depth of 200 feet in higher portions of the township. No water in Rush creek during the summer season. There are a few scattering cottonwoods. This is mostly a grazing country, although some land is cultivated. Distance from railroad, three miles. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 50 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie and low sand hills. The soil is a light, dry, fine grain sand on a clay sub- soil. The entire township is covered with a good growth of buffalo grass mixed with a fair quality of short sage brush. There are a few scattering cottonwoods along the dry bottoms of Rush creek. The water is of poor quality, containing a large amount of alkaline; it is found at a depth of from five to ten feet, along this creek. Only a small area of the township is under cultivation. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 16 S., R. 51 W. — The surface of this township is partially rolling and partially level prairie land. The soil in the southern portion consists of a light, sandy, clay loam, eight to twelve inches in depth, of a medium texture and is on a subsoil of clay. The soil of the northern por- tion is a light, fine grain sand. A good growth of buffalo grass and scat- tering short sage brush covers the township. A few scattering cottonwoods grow along Rush creek, which is a dry creek. Good water can be obtained by sinking wells to a depth of 100 to 200 feet. Alkali water is obtained along the creek at a depth of five to ten feet. This is chiefly a grazing township, although dry farming is practiced with some success. Distance from railroad, four miles. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. CLEAR CREEK COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 79,811 Acres. Clear Creek county is located on the eastern slope of the Great Continental divide, high up among the mountains. Nearly the entire county is included in the Pike national forest. This is not an agricultural county. There are a few little mountain ranches and a little stock range, but no opportunities for settlers desiring to homestead. Clear Creek county has been famous as a producer of gold and silver for many years. At Idaho Springs are located the famous radium hot springs, whose water possesses great medicinal values for the treatment of rheumatism and other diseases. A detailed description of the vacant land in this county will be omitted, as the open lands are either mineral lands, subject to entry only as mining claims, or grazing lands worth from $3.50 to $5 per acre. CONEJOS COUNTY DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 193,828 Acres. Conejos county, pronounced "co-ne-us,'' is located along the southern boundary of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. It is in the south- ern end of San Luis valley and is bounded by the Rio Grande Del Norte on the east and the Continental divide on the west. This is a good agricultural district with a, large area under irrigation. The foothills and mountainous districts are used for grazing sheep and cattle. Conejos, the Bounty seat, has a population of 350. Antonito, the largest town, has a population of 1,000. The total population of the county is 12,000. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products in Conejos county is as follows: Grains $600,000.00 Hay 400,000.00 Vegetables 75,000.00 Township 35 N., R. 5 E. — The surface of this township is very rough, rocky and mountainous. The soil is generally third rate. There is a scat- tering growth of spruce and pine timber, and a number of running streams. The only vacant lands are best suited for grazing. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 25 inches. Distance from railroad, twenty-two miles. Township 34 N., R. 6 E. — The surface of this township is mountainous, rough and broken. There are large bodies of fine pine and spruce timber and a thick growth of aspen. The only stream is the La Jara river, which is bordered with high, steep bluffs. Grazing land well suited for sheep and goats, but not for cattle or horses. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Conejos County 77 Township 35 N., R. 6 E. — ^This entire township is rough and mountainous, excepting the extreme western part, which is an open mesa, used for sheep t razing. Annual rainfall, 20 incnes. Elevation, 8,500 to 10,000 feet. Value, 3.50 to $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 36 N., R. 6 E. — This township is mountainous and heavily tim- bered with spruce, pine and aspen. It is all included in the Rio Grande na- tional forest, with the exception of a narrow strip along the Alamosa river. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 to 10,000 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 32 N., R. 7 E. — The surface of this township is rough and mountainous with an abundance of good timber. There are some desirable open parks and valleys. There is good grazing over all, and especially along the creeks. Used for sheep grazing at the present time. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 to 9,000 feet. This township is nearly all in- cluded in the Rio Grande national forest. It lies on the extreme southern boundary of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line, and is touched by railroad. Value, $i3.50 per acre. Township 33 N., R. 7 E. — This is rough, mountainous land with the ex- ception of a fertile and well watered valley, of which section 28 is the center. This township is located in the foothills and aside from the valleys is grazing land. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. No stock water. Elevation, 8,500 to 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, fifteen inches. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 34 N., R. 7 E. — ^This township is crossed by the La Jara river and is good grazing land. In most parts the soil is of fair quality. Some scattering pine and pinon timber. Some sage brush land; also some bottom land. Used at the present time for sheep grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 to 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 35 N., H. 7 E. — This township is located in the foothills. It is largely rough, hilly land best suited for grazing. There is good grass through- out. Some scattering pine and pinon. In sections 6 and 7 there are hot springs and a hot creek flows from them. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 36 N., R. 7 E. — The eastern portion of this township is rolling land. The soil of good quality. There is not much timber or water. The western portion is in the foothills and is principally valuable for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, ten inches. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 32 N., R. 8 E. — This township is on the extreme southern bor- der of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. It is on a high, barren mesa; very stony with little pasture. Mexicans occupy all of the habitable portions. This township is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 8 to 12 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 33 N., R. 8 E. — ^A fair portion of this township is excellent bot- tom lands, situated along the Conejos river. In other portions there are some good trout streams. The northwestern portion consists of high table land with medium quality soil. A scattering growth of cottonwood, ^inon and scrub cedar. There are outcroppings of iron ore on the table land in several places. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 inches. This district is settled principally by Mexicans. Crossed by raiboad. 78 Conejos County Township 34 N., R. 8 E.— The surface of this township is rolling prairie land; alkaline in places. Poor grazing land. Value, $3.50 per acre. Eleva- tion, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, ten inches. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 35 N., R. 8 E. — A small portion of this township consists of bottom lands; the remainder is rolling uplands. There is a hot water creek in sections 17 and 18. The only timber is a few scattering cottonwoods. Value of the vacant land, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, four miles. Township 32 N., R. 9 E. — This township is on the extreme southern boundary of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. It is crossed by railroad. The vacant lands lie on a gravelly mesa and are worthless for agriculture and stock raising. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Elevation 8,500 feet. Township 32 N., R. 10 E. — The surface of this township comprises rolling, hilly, rough, broken and mountainous land. There is some fair grazing land used for sheep grazing and occupied by Mexicans. Elevation, 8,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 33 N., R. 10 E. — The vacant lands in this township are uplands, rolling and hilly. The soil is a medium quality. This township is better adapted for grazing than for cultivation. There is a scattering growth of pinons and cottonwoods. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 5 to 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, four miles. Township 34 N., R. 10 E. — There is some very good farming land in the rich bottom lands along the Conejos river. The uplands in the eastern part of the township are generally hilly and second rate, only suitable for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 5 to 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 35 N., R. 10 E. — The land along the river is fine bottom land. The rest of the township is a sterile, alkaline prairie, barren of all vegetation but sage brush. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 5 to 10 inches. Ele- vation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 32 N., R. 11 E. — On the extreme southern boundary of Colo- rado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. This township is covered with high hills and canyons. Some good grazing lands. Fair timber. Much vol- canic rock. Some stock water. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 33 N., R. 11 E. — The land of this township is very poor; it is mostly covered with volcanic rock and but little soil. Used for sheep grazing. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, ten inches. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 34 N., R. 11 E.— This township lies principally in the San Luis hills. The surface is rolling and covered with lava. Some parts are quite rough and mountainous. Third rate soil. Grazing, poor. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 35 N., H. 11 E. — The vacant lands in this township lie in what is called the foothills. The soil is poor and is only good for grazing land. Used for sheep pasture at the present. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Distance ftPHi railroad, eight miles. COSTILLA COUNTY Costilla county, pronounced Cos-te-a, Is located in the extreme southern portion of Colorado, adjoining the New Mexico state line. This county cov- ers the east portion of the San Luis Valley. It is walled in on the extreme east by the Culebra range of mountains and the entire county forms a. por- tion of the Sangre de Cristo grant, being a tract of land granted by the king of Spain to one of his subjects, at the time this territory belonged to Spain. The land in this county, therefore, is all under private ownership and not open to entry. The owners of the estate have placed the land on the market during the last few years, constructing a railroad and several irrigation systems. The county is settling up fairly rapidly. San Luis is the county seat, with a population of 500. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products in Costilla county is as follows: Grains $160,000.00 Hay 125,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 20,000.00 CROWLEY COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 183,524 Acres. Crowley county is located in the southeastern part of the State, thirty miles east of the city of Pueblo and on the north side of the Arkansas river. The southern part of the county is a very fertile, highly cultivated, irri- gated district. It is the location of a large sugar factory and an important producing point for sugar beets, grains, fruits, etc. The northern portion of the county is comparatively a level plain with very little surface water, but sufficient rainfall to produce crops by dry farming methods. It is a good natural range with fine grass. The lands in this county are all close to a railroad and should prove very attractive to the settler. While the general character of the soil is sandy, it has been demonstrated that sandy soil is the most productive of all soils on the plains and holds the moisture well. Ordway, with a population of 800, is the county seat. Sugar City, with a population of 800, is the next city of importance. Township 18 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is rolling. The soil is of medium quality. This is good grazing land with a fairly good supply of surface water. A few cottonwood trees are to be found along the creeks. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Twelve miles from the railroad. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. 80 Crowley County Township 19 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is gently rolling. The soil is light clay loam. There is a large amount of grazing land. Six miles from the railroad. Value, $3,50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,500 feet. Township 20 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is gently rolling prairie land. The soil is a light clay loam. There is no surface water. There is some very good grazing. The railroad crosses the extreme southeast corner of the town- ship. Rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 18 S., R. 56 W. — The surface is level and soil of fair quality. There is no running water in this township. The grass is generally good. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Located thirteen miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 19 S., R. 56 W. — The surface is very level with some rolling bluffs along Horse creek. The soil along the creek is very sandy and covered with sage brush. The creek is dry. The balance of the township com- prises very good land, covered with good grass. There is very little water. Located seven miles from the railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Township 20 S., R. 56 W. — The surface is very leveL The soil is of medium quality and is covered with buffalo grass. There is no surface water. Located one mile from the railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 22 S., R. 56 W. — The surface of this township is mostly level; the southern part slightly rolling. The soil is a light clay loam in places, and adobe soil in others. Fine grazing. Two miles from railroad. Value, $7 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 18 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is quite level and well covered with a heavy growth of buffalo grass. There is no surface water. Fifteen miles from railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,700 feet. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Township 19 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is level prairie land covered with a. fair stand of buffalo grass. There is no surface water in the township except in pools along the creeks. Nine miles from railroad. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 20 S., R. 57 W. — The siirface is generally level and is covered with a fair growth of bunch grass. The soil is clay and sandy loam. Three miles from railroad. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 21 S., R. 57 W. — This township consists principally of bottom lands along the river, which are farming lands of first quality and prac- tically all under irrigation. The uplands are covered with a fair growth of native grasses and sage brush. There is no stock water on the uplands. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 18 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is gently rolling prairie land. Soil is light and sandy. There is no surface water. Sixteen miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,800 feet. Crowijsy County 81 Township 19 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is mostly level, with some roll- ing and some mesa land. There is no surface water. Good grazing. Ten miles from railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 20 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The soil is dark and heavy. There ia some good buffalo and bunch grass. Very little water. Some of the land in this township could be irrigated with pumps which would make it good agricultural land. Five miles from the railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,500 feet. Township 21 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is partly level and partly rolling prairie land. There are some cottonwood trees. The soil is a sandy loam. Railroad crosses the southern portion of this township. A large proportion of this township is under a canal. There are considerable vacant lands in the upland district. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 18 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is prairie land. In this township the soil ia sandy and below the average. There is no surface water. Eighteen miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Township 19 S,, R. 59 W. — The surface is high and level land. The soil is sandy. There is quite a growth of bunch and buffalo grass of fair quality. No surface water. Thirteen miles from the railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Township 20 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is almost level, with some small sand hills. No surface water. Poor grazing land. Six miles from the rail- road. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Township 21 S., R. 59 W. — The surface of this township varies from good rolling land to sand hills and bluffs. The soil is generally sandy. No tim- ber. A few springs. Not much surface water. One mile from the railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. CUSTER COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 142,169 Acres. Custer county is located in the soutli-cential portion of Colorado. Most of the county is a rough and mountainous mining and stock raising district. In Antelope Creek valley, in the western part of the county, is fine agricul- tural land, a large area of which is under irrigation. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products in Custer county is as follows: Cereals $ 60,000.00 Hay 170,000.00 Other crops 30,000.00 The total population of Custer county is 2,000. The county seat is Sil- ver Cliff, with a population of 250. Special attention is called to the liberal rainfall in Custer county. Not less than fifteen inches annually in any part of the county and in some por- tions over twenty-five inches. Township 21 S., R. 69 W. — There is some fine agricultural land in this township, which lies on the western slope of the Wet mountains. The vacant lands are in the rougher portion, up against the boundary of the San Isabel national forest, and are not suitable for cultivation. Value, $3 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 21 S., R. 70 W. — This township is principally rugged and rocky and all of the land, except a small section on the west, is included in the San Isabel national forest. This land is chiefly used for grazing. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Dis- tance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 22 S., R. 70 W. — This is a fine stock country. Well watered. There is a fine growth of excellent grass. Good timber. The surface is rather rough and mountainous, not suitable for cultivation. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 23 S., R. 70 W. — The surface of this township is mostly mountainous and well timbered. It has plenty of water and is covered with good grass in places. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, over 25 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 24 S., R. 70 W.— The surface of this township is mountainous in character. It is tolerably well watered and furnishes first-class pasture lands. It is partially timbered and even the timbered sections have good grass. Some of this timber is of saw mill size. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, above 25 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Distance from rail- road, fifteen miles. Township 21 S., R. 71 W. — This township is principally rough mountain- ous land. There are some agricultural lands along the gulches. Open por- tions furnish excellent grazing at all seasons. Plenty of water. There is a considerable growth of aspen, spruce and pine trees. Value, $5 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, six miles. Custer County 83 Township 22 S., R. 71 W. — This is a very rough and hilly land, lying up in the mountains. There is some good summer pasture. The soil is very gravelly. There is a good growth of bunch grass and white sage. There is some spruce and aspen timber on the hilltops. There is a little natural hay land. Springs afford plenty of stock water. Mining for precious minerals is carried on in this township. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 23 S., H. 71 W. — There are some farming lands along the water courses. Owing to the high altitude this land is best suited for hay raising. The uplands furnish good grazing. The general surface is rough and uneven and is in a high mountainous country. The surface is covered with scattered pine trees. Value, $5 to |8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 25 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Distance from railroad, seven miles. Township 24 S., R. 71 W. — The surface of this township is mostly open rolling plateau land, surrounded by mountains. It affords good pasturage. There is plenty of water in the streams. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, above 25 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 21 S., R. 72 W. — There is good agricultural land along Grape creek suitable for farming and hay raising, while the land remote from water furnishes good grazing. Some little timber. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from railroad, two miles. Township 22 S., R. 72 W. — Silver Cliff, the county seat of Custer county, is in this township. The surface is partially mountainous and hilly and partially prairie lands. There is some timber. Some good land, but not enough water for irrigation. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Reached by branch railroad. Township 23 S., R. 72 W. — This township lies in Wet Mountain valley. The surface is mostly rolling prairie land. There is some good grass and good soil. The land is suitable for pasture or cultivation, either by irri- gation or dry farming methods. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 24 S., R. 72 W. — ^Most of this township ia mountainous. There is some farming land along the streams. All of it is good grazing land. There is plenty of water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 25 indies. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 21 S., R. 73 W. — A fine valley crosses this township, being even above the average mountain valleys in this section. Other portions of the township are rough and rocky. Suitable only for grazing. The township is well watered and contains considerable pine timber of medium quality. Crossed by a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 46 N., R. 12 E. — The only vacant lands in this township lie right along the railroad. They are rolling and hilly in character. Fine grass. Suitable only for grazing purposes. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. DELTA COUNTY MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 325,488 Acres. Delta county is located in the western-central portion of Colorado. It is traversed by the Uncompahgre and Gunnison rivers, along the fertile valleys of which are fine agricultural and fruit lands. Some coal is mined in Delta county. The mountainous sections are in- cluded in the national forests. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Grains $ 200,000.00 Hay and vegetables 700,000.00 Fruits 1,200,000.00 Miscellaneous crops 200,000.00 The total population of Delta county is 15,000. The population of Delta, the county seat, is 2,500. Other important towns are Hotchkiss, with a popu- lation of 600, and Paonia, with a population of 1,000. Much of the rougher portions of the county contains land that could be reclaimed and which would be valuable owing to the fertility of the soil and the naturally fine climate. Township 13 S., R. 91 W. — This township is crossed diagonally by the Gunnison river and railroad. It is a mountainous district at an elevation of 6,500 feet. The soil, in the river valley and on the mesa along it, is especially adapted to fruit raising. The mountains are covered with brush and scat- tering timber. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 91 W. — ^The southern and eastern portions are rolling and broken in character, being covered with sage and oak brush and some scattering cedar. The southeastern corner is a mountainous district included in the Gunnison national forest. Minnesota creek, which flows through the northern portion, carries a large body of water. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 91 W. — A rough, mountainous district containing large valleys and fertile mesas. Along Smith's fork there is first-class agricultural land very productive when irrigated and will grow good crops of grasses and grains. Some of the high, adobe hills are covered with a scrubby growth of cedar and oak. This district is well watered by springs and creeks and is a splendid grazing section for cattle and horses. Elevation, 6,700 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located five miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 92 W. — A rolling, mountainous section on the southern slope of the Grand mesa. The surface is broken by high mesas cut by deep gulches and all covered with a dense growth of brush. There are considerable lava rock outcroppings in different places. The soil is generally rich and productive of good crops especially suited to the high altitude. Small natural parks furnish excellent grazing. Located one mile from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 92 W.— The North fork of the Gunnison river and rail- road crosses this township diagonally. This river carries a large volume of Delta County 85 water. The surface consists of wide river valleys, mountains and high mesas, the bluffs of which are covered with grass. The soil is rather poor in char- acter, except in the river bottoms, where it is first-class. The river valley is a very fine fruit-raising district. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township IS S., R. 92 W. — The surface of this township is a broken, cre- taceous plain in an arid district, most of which is irrigated from Smith's fork. There is considerable hard sand rock and excellent building stone to be found here. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 93 W.— This township lies on the southern slope of the Grand mesa; it is quite rough and mountainous throughout with the ex- ception of a few creek bottoms. The more desirable lands are taken up, but there is considerable unentered land suitable for cultivation. There are sev- eral coal mines in this section. There is quite a scattering growth of cedar, aspen and pinon trees. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 93 W. — The surface is generally broken and rolling. The soil is excellent. Gunnison river crosses the southern portion, furnishing plenty of water for irrigation. The southern portion is a good farming dis- trict, while the northern portion is better suited for pasturage. A railroad crosses this township. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 93 W. — Outside of the valleys of the streams, along which there are good lands, the rest of the township is extremely rough and hilly. The hills are covered with a dense growth of cedars. This township is crossed by railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Township 12 S., R. 94 W. — This township lies on the southern slope of the Grand mesa. Half being mountainous and the other half bench land. This district is well settled and no desirable land is available. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Township 13 S., R. 94 W. — A well watered township naturally covered with an abundance of good grass. This is a fine farming and fruit-growing district. In the southwestern portion there is some indication of coal. Eleva- tion, 6,500 feet. Located five miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 14 S., R. 94 W. — The surface is generally rough and hilly. Tlie soil is a sandy adobe in some places and is covered with a good growth of grass. There is no timber in this district, but sage brush grows very higli and thick. The gulches are nearly all dry. This township is crossed by rail- road and is located just north of the Gunnison river. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 94 W. — ^A hilly township containing considerable val- ley land. This is a naturally arid country requiring irrigation. Along the Gunnison river there are exceptionally fine bottom lands. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Railroad crosses the northwest corner of the township. Township 12 S., R. 95 W. — ^A rough, mountainous township upon the southern edge of the Grand mesa and included in the national forest with the 86 Delta County exception of the southeastern corner. The township is well watered by sev- eral creeks and streams and affords excellent trout fishing. There are coal indications. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Township 13 S., R. 95 W. — This is a rough, hilly township on the southern slope of the Grand mesa. There are numerous small mesas and river bench lands all covered more or less with lava rock, and with a heavy growth of underbrush. Many living streams are to be found in this section and coal mining is carried on extensively. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located six miles from railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 95 W. — The eastern portion of this township is a fine farming district. The creeks afford abundant water for irrigation. The north- western portion is better suited to grazing. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 95 W. — The northern tier of sections are broken and rolling. The mountains are made up of high, conical, adobe buttes, cut by numerous rocky gulches. The large valleys are very fertile and well watered. Half of the southern portion consists of level, rolling mesas, which would fur- nish excellent land if irrigated. The other half is rolling and broken with adobe knolls. The township is crossed by numerous dry gulches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $5 to $12 per are. Township 14 S., H. 96 W. — ^A very rough, mountainous section through- out, covered with lava rock with the exception of the steep slopes. The soil on the slopes lends itself readily to cultivation. This township is located on the southern slope of the Grand mesa. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 96 W. — The Gunnison river and railroad cross this township. The river valleys are very fertile and are extensively cultivated, being under irrigation. The remainder of the township consists of rolling, level mesas which would make good farm land and produce superior crops when irrigated. Annual rainfall is under 10 inches. Irrigation is absolutely essential here for cultivation. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 97 W. — This is a fractional township lying in the foot- hills of the Grand mesa, having a general slope south and west. The gulches are deep and very rocky. Diamond creek, which is merely a brook, flows only a part of the year, and is the only running water in the township. There is not much timber in this section. The land is mostly unfit for cul- tivation. There is good grass during the wet seasons. This is naturally an arid section with less than 10 inches of rainfall annually. Located four miles from a railroad. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 97 W.— That portion lying south of the river and bluffs and east of the principal canyon is a broken sandstone mesa, cut by numerous dry gulches and canyons. Most of the soil is light and sandy in character and produces a scant growth of gramma grass. On the north side of the Gunnison river the soil is adobe, being covered with scrub oak, but de- void of timber and almost any other vegetation. In the river canyons there are a few small bodies of bottom land. This township is crossed by railroad. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, less than 10 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Delta County 87 Township 14 S., R. 98 W. — An exceedingly rough, broken district, crossed diagonally by the Gunnison river, south of which is a high mesa. In the north- ern part the canons are low, but bordered on either side by vertical walls of solid sandstone raising 100 to 150 feet high. The mesas are broken and rocky. Along the bottoms of the river there are a few bodies of excellent land. Owing to the light rainfall this township cannot be cultivated without irrigation. The cost of raising water to the level lands would be more than the land would be worth. There is very little timber in this township. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. This township is crossed by railroad. Township 15 S., R. 98 W. — There is very little arable land in this town- hsip. The mesas are from 800 to 1,200 feet above the little valleys which are located along the river, and are generally broken and rocky, being cov- ered with cedar and pinon timber. There is some grazing land in this section The rainfall is less than 10 inches. Elevation, 5,000 to 6,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 3 E. — TJte P. M. — This is a rough, rocky section. The soil is clay in character • and cannot be irrigated. Considerable nutritious grass covers the lands at the foot of the bluffs. This is a good cattle range, but of little use for farming. Along the Gunnison river the country is greatly cut by canyons and steep, rocky bluffs. There is a considerable growth of spruce and cedar timber; also coal outcropping. A railroad crosses this town- ship. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. DOLORES COUNTY DURANGO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 188,5S5 Acres. MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 73,380 Acres. Dolores county is located in the extreme southwestern portion of Colorado, adjoining the Utah state line. The eastern portion of the county lies in the San Juan mountains and is a gold and silver mining district. A large propor- tion of the county is included in the Montezuma national forest. Dolores has the smallest population of any county in Colorado, the total being only 650, out of which 400 live in Rico, the county seat. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows: Grains $ 9,000.00 Hay 15,000.00 Vegetables 2,000.00 DURANGO LAND DISTRICT. Township 40 N., R. 13 W. — The surface of this township is high and roll- ing. There are aspen groves along the gulches, and fine grass. The south- western portion is more broken and rough and is included in the Montezuma national forest. There is considerable land west of the Dolores bottoms that could be irrigated, although this is included in the forest. The whole town- ship is well watered. In the northwestern portion there is good grazing land. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Distance from rail- road, six miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 41 N., R. 13 W. — The central portion of this township is a high, comparatively level mesa. The rest of the township is hilly. Fairly well cov- ered with spruce, pine and aspen timber. There is a dense undergrowth of scrub oak with scattering Cottonwood and willows along the streams. The soil is generally good and black. Elevation, 8,500 to 9,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 20 to 25 inches. Located twelve miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 40 N., R. 14 W. — This is a mountainous grazing district. The northern portion is very rough and mountainous, with scattering spruce, pine timber and aspen groves. The rest of the township is hilly, covered with fine grass and watered by two creeks. Distance from railroad, six miles. Eleva- tion, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 41 N., R. 14 W.— The surface of this township is principally hilly gjrazing land. The eastern portion is mountainous and the western por- tion high, rolling mesa. There are coal indications on sections 25, 26, 35 and 36. Annual rainfall, 15 to 25 inches. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Value, $4 to $7 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 39 N., R. 15 W.— The surface of this township is principally high, rolling mesas covered with heavy pine timber and aspen groves. This is a grazing section covered with fine bunch grass in the northern portion The entire southern portion of the township is included in the Montezuma national forest. Distance from railroad, five miles. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Dolores CouNTy 89 Township 40 N., R. 15 W. — This is a hilly grazing district. The northern portion is especially broken by the bluffs bounding Lone mesa. There is some scattering pine timber. The rest of the township is largely covered with scrub and pucker brusli. There is water all year in Plateau creek, and some springs. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Ele- vation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 40 N., R. 17 W. — This township is crossed by the Dolores river. The river is confined in canyons; the narrow strips along the river would not be safe to cultivate because in case of an overflow of the river all of the land would be flooded and there would be no possible means of escape from the canyon. In the eastern portion of the township there is good sage brush land and a good stand of grass. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfajl, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 40 N., R. 18 W. — A portion of this township is hilly and rough. Most of it is good grazing land with oocasiojial groves of pinon and cedar trees. There is a dense undergrowth of sage brush. There are the remains of a number of Indian pueblos in section 30. Distance from a railroad, twen- ty miles. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 41 N., R. 18 W. — This is a rough, mountainous district but with very fertile soil, sandy in character. This is a poorly watered township, there being only two springs in the township, and these are down in canyons 3,000 feet deep. There is a dense growth of scrub oak. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, twenty-five miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Other portions of Dolores county are not surveyed. MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT. For that portion of Dolores county in the Montrose Land District, refer to Township 32 North Ranges 13 to 19 West, San Miguel county. DOUGLAS COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 4,760 Acres. Douglas county is located in the central portion of tKe State. The western portion of the county is cut by foothills and is quite mountainous. The eastern portion is generally, rolling, hilly country on the northern slope of the Arkansas divide. The principal industry of this section is dairying, with farming. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as folows : Grain $200,000.00 Hay 200,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 35,000.00 The population of the county is 3,500. Castle Rock, the county seat, has a population of 400. Other towns in the county are very small. Township 7 S., R. 66 W. — This township is crossed north and south through the center by Cherry Creek valley and the Arapahoe canal. Section 9 is under the canal, with the exception of the extreme southwest corner, this is on a point above it. Section 19 is on top of a ridge, at the head of Limon gulch. The soil is a sandy loam. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. The township is located two miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 10 S., H. 66 W. — This township is crossed by the headwaters of Cherry creek. Section 15 is on top of a ridge just west of Cherry creek. The high elevation and rough character of the land makes it of no value, ex- cepting for pasture land. Value, $5.00 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 7 S., R. 67 W. — The southern portion of this towhsnip is crossed by Plum Creek valley. The central and northern portions are rough and hilly; broken by deep gulches and high rocky ridges. Very sandy soil. There is quite a growth of oak brush and pine trees. Suitable only for grazing. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Four miles from the railroad. Township 7 S., R. 68 W. — This township runs right into the mountains on the western side. Section 31 adjoins the Pike national forest and is rough and mountainous and only suitable for grazing. Value, $3.50 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 8 S,, R. 68 W. — This township is undulating on the east. The western portion is rough and mountainous. The soil is gravelly and the growth of grass is poor. There are small pine trees and oak brush. Second rate grazing land. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Nine miles from the railroad. Township 9 S., R. 68 W.— The southern and western portions of this township are mountainous, rough and broken. Loamy soil. Some pine trees; adjoining the Pike national forest. Fit only for grazing. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Three miles from railroad, EAGLE COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 23,480 Acres. GLENWOOD LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 290,86S Acres. Eagle county is located in the central part of the State, just west of the great Continental divide. The county is principally rough and mountainous and largely included in the Holy Cross national forest. It is drained by the Eagle and Grand rivers. A fine stock-raising country with some excellent agricultural lands scat- tered through the mountains and along the valleys of the streams. The population of the entire county is only 3,000. The towns are all small. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products Is as follows: Grains $150,000.00 Hay 300,000.00 Vegetables 125,000.00 DENVER LAND DISTRICT. Township 2 S., R. 81 W. — This township is a, mountainous section. There are rich bottom lands along Quaking Aspen creek. In sections 14 and 15 is Lone peak, a peak of considerable prominence. This is a good grazing section and there is plenty of water and timber found in nearly every portion. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Located five miles from railroad. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 5 S., R. 81 W. — A mountainous township crossed by Eagle river and railroad. The tumbling mountain streams have a sufficient fall in numer- ous places to develop power. There is very little land in this section suitable for cultivation. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 2 S., H. 82 W. — This is what is known as the "Sheep Horn'' country. In the eastern portion of the township there is timber of good size, and many groves of quaking asps, but fire has destroyed most of the best timber. There is very good grass in the northern portion of the township, and considerable hay is cut from the small mountain parks. The railroad and Grand river run across the northwestern corner. The southeastern portion of the township is included in the Holy Cross national forest. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 3 S., R. 82 W. — A township of unusual mountainous character. Piney creek, a stream of good size, flows across it; along this creek is some very good land. Timber and water is quite plentiful throughout. Good graz- ing is found everywhere. Located three miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 82 W. — The surface is rough, mountainous and broken by numerous ridges between which are small streams and brooks. The Eagle river and a, railroad cross the southwestern corner, along which there is a nar- row valley. There is a good growth of bunch grass in this township, but only a few small patches of timber. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. 92 Eagle County Township 5 S., R. 82 W.— The surface is rough and broken, excepting the narrow bottoms along the Eagle river. Along the line of the river there are groves of small pines. In the southern portion there is a small quantity of large timber. The growth is generally aspens and pines. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. The rail- road follows Eagle river across the township. GLENWOOD LAND DISTRICT. Townhsip 2 S., R. 83 W. — The Grand river and railroad cross this town- ship. Along the sides of the streams and in the bottoms there is first-class agricultural land. The balance of the township is rugged and hilly. Eleva- tion, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 3 S., H. 83 W. — This township is principally mountainous, being on the divide between the Eagle and Grand rivers. There are several small streams running in a southerly direction, along which are small valleys- of good hay lands. This is an excellent grazing township. Scattering timber, aspen and scrub pine in evidence. The soil is loamy and is covered more or less with sage brush. Distance from railroad, three miles. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 83 W. — This is a mountainous township. The hills are not very rough, but quite steep. The Eagle river crosses this townhsip. The bottom lands are very fertile. There is plenty of timber and water through- out the township, and good grass. The soil is a black loam. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 5 S., R. 83 W. — The southeastern corner of this township is in- cluded in the Holy Cross national forest. The general character is mountain- ous. This is a well watered grazing district. There is considerable timber of spruce, pine and aspen along the Roaring Fork creek; also some good bottom land. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Located one mile from a railroad. Township 2 S., R. 84 W. — This is a partially hilly and partially moun- tainous township. The surface is broken by deep ravines. Grand River crosses the northern portion. The valley is quite narrow. Soil is first-class. Grazing is good throughout. There is scattering scrub pine and cedar timber and groves of aspen. No mineral indications. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, three miles. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 3 S., R. 84 W. — ^This township is mostly included in the Holy Cross national forest. The land outside of the forest is good pasture land, well watered by many small streams and quite well timbered. Distance from railroad, four miles. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 84 W. — ^A rather hilly, mountainous townhsip, crossed by the Eagle river and railroad. There are some fine bottom lands along the river. The other portion of the township is a good grazing district. There is considerable timber. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 84 W. — ^Along Brush creek and Eagle river there are narrow strips of bottom lands. Above these some of the lands are high and hilly with very fine soil, and could be irrigated or farmed without irrigation. Most of the uplands can be considered only as grazing lands. A railroad Eagle County 93 touches the northern portion of this township. Elevation, 7,800 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 2 S., R. 85 W. — The Grand river crosses this township. There are good aide bottom lands along the river, suitable for farming. The balance of the township is well watered pasture land. Some portions of this town- ship are cultivated. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 3 S., K. 8S W.— The greater portion of this township is hilly. Along the Grand river, which crosses it, there are some fine bottom lands. Outside of these, the surface is rolling, with a good, loamy soil, and generally a rank growth of grass. All portions are well watered and covered with scat- tering timber. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 6,500 to 9,500 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, six miles. Township 4 S., R. 85 W. — This township is quite mountainous in the cen- tral and northern portions. The southern portion of the township includes the bottom lands of the Eagle river. This township is generally well watered and the grass is good. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township crossed by a railroad. Township 5 S., R. 85 W. — This township contains considerable bottom land and quite an amount of rolling land. A small portion is mountainous and high land. The rolling portion consists of low hills covered with pine and spruce timber. This township is well watered, a^d there are innumerable springs. A railroad crosses the township. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Township 3 S., R. 86 W. — The southeastern corner of this township is crossed by the Grand river. In general the surface is hilly and mountainous, covered with scattering spruce, aspen timber and underbrush. It is well wa- tered by numerous springs and creeks. Distance from a railroad, six miles. Elevation, 6,500 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 86 W. — The western portion of this township is exceed- ingly mountainous and broken. Most of it is unfit for agriculture. Along the Grand river there are some small mesas and slopes covered with a scant growth of sage brush and grass and a few spruce trees on the high ridges and along the several different creeks. Over most of the township is a scatter- ing growth of scrub timber. On the rough hills, west of the Grand river, there is good summer range. The eastern portion of the township is dry and bar- ren. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, one mile. Township 5 S., R. 86 W. — In general, the lands in this township are very ary and barren. There is plenty of grass on the divide and along the bot- toms of the Eagle river are cottonwoods affording an excellent summer graz- ing section. Along the low bottoms of the Eagle and Grand rivers there are fine hay lands. Good crops without irrigation are being produced on the up- lands above the rivers. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 6 S., R. 86 W. — The surface of this township is generally hilly. It is located on top of the divide between Eagle and Roaring Fork rivers. The soil along the creeks is first-class. There is some heavy pinon and spruce timber in the southern portion. Plenty of good water along the creeks. Eleva- tion, 7,000 ot 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located five miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Eagle County Township 7 S., R. 86 W. — The surface of this township is quite hilly and mountainous, except the northwestern portion, which is rolling and covered with a dense undergrowth of oak brush. There are a few aspen and pine trees. The eastern portion is included in the Holy Cross national forest and contains some fine pine timber. Distance from railroad, one mile. 'Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 8 S., R. 86 W. — This is a mountainous township with more or less of a growth of spruce timber. Well watered by several creeks. There is a limited grazing area and a very small area suitable to agriculture. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. ELBERT COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 19,780 Acres. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 1,140 Acres. Elbert county is located a little east of the central portion of the State on what is known as the Arkansas divide or the divide between the Arkansas and Platte rivers. This is a rolling, prairie country; hilly in places. It is a very fine stock country, and rapidly developing as a farming district. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Grains $350,000.00 Hay 275,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 75,000.00 The county seat is Kiowa, with a population of 250. The population of the entire county is only 6,000. DENVER LAND DISTRICT. Township 5 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is very broken and cut by ravines and deep gullies. The soil is adobe, mostly third rate; some portions are cov- ered with good grass. Water can be found in the ravines part of the time. Value, $4.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,300 feet. Seven miles from the railroad. Township 7 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is badly broken up with deep ravines and gulches. A few places are suitable for farming. There is no surface water. Most of this township is useless excepting for grazing pur- poses. Not very good for that. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Five miles from the railroad. Township 6 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is rolling and hilly, covered with good grass. There is abundance of stone for building purposes. There is some water, but no timber. The soil is partially sandy and partially adobe. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. One mile from the railroad. Located in northeast part of Elbert county. Township 7 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is rough and broken by many ravines and washes. The soil is partially sandy and partially adobe. There is no surface water. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. This township is crossed by the railroad. Township 8 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is rolling; some portions suitable for farming. The soil is adobe. There is no surface water; but it is readily found by digging a few feet. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,600 feet. The railroad crosses this township. Township 7 S., R. 59 W.— The surface is mostly rolling; partly hilly. The soil is very good. Fine grazing. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. This township is crossed by the railroad. Township 10 S., H. 59 W.— The surface is gently rolling. The soil, sandy. There is farming in this township. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 12 to 20 inches. Elevation, .5,800 feet. The railroad crosses this town- ship. 96 Elbert CotrNTr Township 6 S., R. 60 W.— The surface is rolling and hilly. There is no running water in Bijou creek where it crosses this township. Principally grazing land. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,900 feet. Nine miles from railroad. Township 8 S., R. 60 W.— The 'surface is rolling, hilly and broken by many deep ravines. There is running water in Wilson creek. The soil is a sandy loam. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Eight miles from the railroad. Township 7 S., R. 61 W. — Portions of this township are suitable only for grazing; other parts, for farming. The surface varies from level to rolling prairie and rough hills. There is no surface water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Twelve miles from the railroad. Township 9 S., R. 61 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. There is a little surface water and some timber. The soil is sandy. It is covered with good buffalo and bunch grass. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Fifteen miles from the rail- road. Township 9 S., R. 62 W. — Outside of the valley along Bijou creek, the surface of this township is generally rough, broken and hilly. Soil, adobe. Good only for grazing. Value, $4 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Nine miles from the railroad. Township 7 S., R. 63 W. — The surface is a little rolling. The soil is a sandy clay. It is good grazing land. There is a little timber in this town- ship. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 6,000 feet. Seven miles from the railroad. Township 10 S., R. 63 W. — The surface of this township is rolling. There are some pine trees. The soil is a sandy loam. Good for grazing. There are natural hay lands along the creeks. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Located three miles from the railroad. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. Township 13 S., R. 57 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land, with some slight hills along the ravines. The soil is somewhat sandy and is covered with good bunch and buifalo grass, making excellent range for stock. Lands in this township can be farmed. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Twenty miles from the rail- road. Township 13 S., R. 58 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land, covered with excellent grass. This land can be farmed. The soil is sandy, with buf- falo grass sod. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Twenty-two miles from railroad. Elevation, 5,700 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land, covered with good growth of buffalo grass. The soil, sandy. There is considerable farming in this township. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Ten miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 13 S., R. 59 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land, with sandy soil, covered with good growth of native grasses. This is a good stock coun- try and some farming. Very little surface water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Fifteen miles from railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,800 feet. EL PASO COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 69,924 Acres El Paso county is located close to the central part of the State. In the western edge of the county the foothills rise abruptly from the plains, terminating in the crest of Pikes peak, the most conspicuous peak in the State. The eastern part of El Paso county is generally rolling prairie land, hilly in places. The encouraging work of the Colorado Springs Chamber of Commerce and others have proven the agricultural possibilities of El Paso county. From a stock country it has rapidly changed into a land of farmers. This is a semi-arid district, but it is proven here, in innumerable in- stances, that successful crops can be raised every year without irrigation. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Grains $300,000.00 Hay 375,000.00 Vegetables 150,000.00 Miscellaneous crops 165,000.00 Colorado Springs, with a population of 30,000, is the principal city. It is one of the sight-seeing localities, with picturesque mountains and moun- tain resorts adjoining. The population of the county is 50,000. There are a number of tracts from forty to eighty acres, scattered around the eastern part of El Paso county, a detailed description of the town- ships containing these isolated tracts, will not be given here, the character- istics of this county being so similar. Tovmship 16 S., E. 60 W. — The surface of this township is high rolling plains. There are some sand hills. The soil is adobe. There are several dry creeks or sinks in this township. No living water or wood. Suitable only for grazing and dry farming. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, twenty-eight miles. Township 17 S., R. 60 W. — ^The land in this township is fairly good. The surface is rolling, sloping gently toward the south. No surface water. Good gramma grass sod. Suitable for stock raising and dry farming. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Dis- tance from railroad, twenty miles. Township 16 S., R. 61 W. — The surface of this township is rolling, with a sandy soil. The surface of the unappropriated lands is hilly and broken. There is no timber or surface water. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Suitable for grazing and dry farming. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, twenty-two miles. Township 17 S., R. 61 W. — Most of this township is located on a low ridge. It is below the average in quality. Much of it is too broken to farm. This is a, good grazing country, with portions suitable for cultivation. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, eighteen miles. El Paso County Township 14 S., R. 62 W.— This is a good dry farming district. Fine loamy soil. Good grass. Value, $7.50 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 15 S., E. 62 W.— This is a good dry farming district. Good loamy soil. Fine grass. Value, $7.50 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 16 S., R. 62 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land. A large portion is sandy and poor. There are some fine bottom lands, suitable for cultivation. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 17 S., R. 62 W. — This township is not as good for farming as further north. The soil is quite sandy. Black Squirrel creek is dry most of the year. There is no other surface water. No timber. Value, $5 to 88 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,200 feet. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Township 16 S., R. 63 W. — This township is a smooth, level prairie table land, partially suitable for farming and partially sand hills. There is no surface water. Some fine springs. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 13 S., R. 64 W. — The only vacant land in this township is an eighty-acre tract in the extreme southern portion, in which is known as Corral bluffs, suitable only for grazing. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 12 to 18 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 15 S., R. 64 W.— This township is rolling prairie land, in- clining to be hilly. The soil is partially a good, hard soil. It is a good grazing section and some farming. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 16 S., R. 64 W. — The surface of this township is level, rolling and hilly prairie land. A good, sandy soil. No surface water. Value, $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Distance from railroad, . four miles. Township 16 S., R. 66 W. — This township is principally level prairie land, just east of the foothills; it is badly cut up in places by dry arroyos. There is running water in little Fountain creek. Cannot be irrigated; Value, $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 18 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet Distance from railroad, two miles. Township 17 S., R. 66 W. — This township is mostly rolling prairie land, crossed by low, broken ridges, covered with pinon trees. Fairly well watered and the basin lands are adapted to farming. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, four miles. Township IS S., R. 67 W. — This is one of the most rugged and mountain- ous townships in Colorado; lying at the foot of Pikes peak and just a few miles south of Colorado Springs. The only vacant lands in this township are high up in the rough, rocky and timber covered mountains. Value, $5 per acre. Not suitable even for grazing, but the scenery cannot be excelled. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from rail- road, five miles. El Paso County 00 Township 16 S., R. 67 W.— The north and west portions of this township in which the vacant lands occur, is rough, steep foothills, cut by deep gulclies. This whole section is a succession of high mountains and canyons. Very poor grass. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Township 17 S., R. 67 W. — This township lies principally in the rolling foothills, it is a succession of rough, hilly land, broken by gulches and rim- rock, covered with pinon and cedar trees. There are a few small open parks with good gramma and bunch grass and timber. These latter are very at- tractive. There is very little surface water. This township is attractive to look at, but a very poor place to live. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. FREMONT COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 403,007 Acres. DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 1,598 Acres. LEADVILLE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 39,406 Acres. Fremont county is located in tlie south-central portion of the State, just at the extreme western limit of the great plains. Most of the county is rocky and mountainous, with very fertile valleys interspersed through the mountains. Canon City is an attractive and important city of about 6,500 people. It is the county seat. The next town of importance is Florence, with a population of 3,000. The population of the county is 18,181. The industries of this county are varied. It is a splendid fruit raising district and an important coal mining section, and the location of a produc- ing oil field, and large cement mills. The mountainous area of the county are practically unsettled and filled with many small valleys and natural parks that should be settled. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Grains $ 35,000.00 Hay 250,000.00 Fruit 500,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 100,000.00 The soil in the agricultural district in Fremont county is exceptionally fertile. It is one of the best apple producing districts in the State, and while its agricultural resources are not as well known as its scenic attrac- tions, owing to this being the location of the far-famed Royal gorge of the Arkansas river, they are well worth investigating. PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. Township 16 S., R. 68 W. — This is a rough and mountainous township throughout. There is scattering timber of small growth. Plenty of surface water. Very fair grazing land in the rolling hills. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 17 S., R. 68 W. — ^Very rough and hilly land, lying in the foot- hills. The surface is broken by deep box canyons and rimrocks, and is cov- ered with a thick growth of cedar and pinon trees. In this township there are a few fine little open parks. The timber makes good shelter for stock in the winter, although the grazing among it is very poor, hut in the open places grazing is fine. The soil is very loamy. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,500 feet. Distance from rail- road, nine miles. Township 18 S., R. 68 W. — This township is principally rough and rocky land, lying in the foothills; it is broken by deep box canyons and rimrocks covered with a growth of scrub timber. The timber is of no value except as shelter for stock. The grass is good in the natural parks. This town- Fremont County 101 ship is a stock country only. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 5,600 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 16 S., R. 69 W. — This township is just south of the famous Cripple Creek mining district. It is a very hilly country, but affords good grazing. There are a few trees and some agricultural land. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Crossed by abandoned railroad. Township 17 S., R. 69 W. — This township is mostly rough and moun- tainous; broken throughout by deep canyons. There is some tillable land along the creeks and in the natural parks. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This is an excellent stock country. The township is crossed by the Florence & Cripple Creek railroad, which has been abandoned for several years. Five miles from Canon City, the county seat of Fremont county, nearest railroad station. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Township 18 S., R. 69 W. — ^Mostly prairie lands cut by bluffs and hog- backs. There is some high grazing land in this township. Value, $3.60 to $10 per acre. This township is crossed by the Florence & Cripple Creek railroad, which is no longer operated. It is only one mile from a trans- continental railroad and three miles from the county seat. Canon City. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 16 S., R. 70 W. — This township is generally rough and rocky. The northern part lies in Teller county and adjoins the famous Cripple Creek mining district. There arei some excellent agricultural lands along the streams. There is not much grazing land and very little timber. Value, $3.60 for the rough land, and to $30 per acre for the best meadow lands. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Two miles from railroad. Township 17 S., R. 70 W. — This is a mountainous township containing little land suitable for cultivation. There are some level farming lands, however; others are rough and broken, suitable onty for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Located only five miles from Canon City, the county seat of Fremont county. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,600 feet. Distance from railroad, four miles. Township 18 S., R. 70 W. — In the southern part of this township is located Canon City, the county seat of Fremont county. This township is partially level land and partially cut by rocky rimrock peaks. The vacant lands are in the extreme northern part of the township in the foothills. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Township 19 S., R. 70 W. — The only vacant lands in this township are high and rough; worthless except for grazing purposes. Value, $3.60 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Several spur railroads to the large coal mines in this township. Township 20 S., R. 70 W. — ^The only vacant lands in this township are high and rough; worthless except for grazing purposes. Value, $3.50 per acre. A coal mining section, reached by railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 16 S., R. 71 W. — ^The surface of this township is mostly open country. There is scarcely any timber. High, broken and mountainous. This is a good grazing section. Plenty of water in the creeks and occasional springs. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. 102 Fremont County Township X7 S., R. 71 W. — This township contains the central part of a park about twelve miles square, called Wilson park. It is surrounded by high mountains. On account of the high altitude and the scarcity of water, the park is not good for agricultural purposes. The mountains are covered with grass and with small pine and pinon trees. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 18 S., R. 71 W. — This township is principally high plateau, cut diagonally by the Eoyal gorge, a fissure from 500 to 2,000 feet in depth. Some of the high bench lands are being successfully farmed without irriga- tion. Portions of the township are very rough and mountainous and covered with pine and spruce timber of inferior quality. Some of the land in this township is absolutely worthless, being inaccessible. Other portions are worth from $3.50 to $10 per acre. This towsnhip is crossed by a good trans- continental automobile road, which is a feature in this rough country. The railroad follows the Arkansas river throughout the Eoyal gorge and across the township. Annual rainfall, 12 to 18 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 19 S., R. 71 W. — The surface is very rough and mountainous, being quite rocky and covered with timber. Principally S'litable for grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Three miles from railroad. Township 20 S., R. 71 W. — The surface of this township is mostly mountainous, with a small portion of tillable land along the creek bottoms. Some yellow pine and spruce timber, a part of it being sawmill size. Plenty of water. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, seven miles. Township 16 S., R. 72 W. — The surface is mountainous, with parks and valleys containing some good tillable land. There is some timber and a part of it is of sawmill size. This country is not much good for farming on ac- count of the small size of the! valleys, but offers good opportunities for stock men. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Township 17 S., R. 72 W. — The surface of this township is mostly mountainous, covered with timber. Very good grazing section. Well watered by creeks and numerous springs and gulches. There is a little arable land of excellent quality. This is principally a stock country. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 18 S., R. 72 W. — This is a very rough mountainous section, containing steep gulches and ravines. This township is crossed by the Arkansas river, which runs in a canyon practically all the way across the township. There is some timber and a little grass. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 19 S., R. 72 W. — This is a very rough and mountainous sec- tion, cut by sandstone ridges in the southern part. There is some good grass, with considerable timber on the hills. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from rail- road, five miles. Township 20 S., R. 72 W. — ^This township affords good grazing, but very little opportunity for cultivation on account of the lack of water. There are a few springs in Sections 2, 9, 28 and 29, which comprise all the Fremont County 103 water In the township. There are indications of mineral, and a scattered growth of pinon trees. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 16 S., H. 73 W. — This township is mountainous throughout. The soil is sandy and gravelly. There is some timber. First class bottom lands along the creeks. Rather poor grazing. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 17 S., R. 73 W. — Portions of this township could be dry farmed. Tallahassee creek furnishes plenty of water at all times. The surface is generally mountainous and broken. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 18 S., R. 73 W. — This township is mountainous throughout. There are some good spruce and pine timber. Good grass in the gulches. The Arkansas river and railroad crosses the southeast corner of the town- ship. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 19 S., R. 73 W. — This township is high mountainous rough land. There is considerable scrub timber. The Arkansas river and railroad crosses the northeast corner of the township. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 20 S., R. 73 W. — The north and west portions of this township are hilly and mountainous; while the central and southeast portions are attractive and fertile parks. There are no streams of running water, but there are several fine springs. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 Inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Township 49 N., R. 10 E. — This township is exceedingly mountainous. The soil is of poor quality. There is some good pine timber in the central portion. The Arkansas river and railroad crosses the southwestern part of this township. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 47 N., R. 11 E. — This township extends from the Arkansas river south to the top of the Sangre de Cristo range. The southern portion is very rough and broken, and included in the San Isabel national forest. The mountainous section is very rough and broken. All of the creeks run through deep canyons, making it impassable for man or beast. In the north- ern portion there is some good farming land along the different streams. There is considerable cedar, pinon and scrub oak underbrush. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Very good grazing land. The railroad touches the northern boundary. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Township 48 N., R. 11 E.— The Arkansas river crosses the western and southern portions of the townhsip, also a railroad. There is some land along the bottoms suitable for cultivation. The rest of the township is very rough indeed, and only valuable as pasturage for goats. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 49 N., R. 11 E. — A rough township lying well up in the mountains; heavily timbered in portions with spruce and pine. A good summer pasturage. Comparatively well watered. Not suitable for agricul- tural purposes. Value, $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. 104 Fremont County Township SO N., R. 11 E. — This township is mountainous throughout. The greater portion is so rough and broken as to be almost impassable. It is well watered by numerous springs and gulches. There is some good hay land along the larger gulches. Not much timber of consequence, although some aspen and scrub pines. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Distance from railroad, six miles. Township 51 N., R. 11 E. — The surface of this township is mountainous. The soil is loamy and produces biinch and buffalo grass. The southern tier of sections have some good pine and spruce timber. Good grazing section and occupied by stockmen. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 47 N., R. 12 E. — This township is comparatively level, but with some rough portion. There is some very fine hay lands in the south- eastern portion. The hay lands are all taken up. The uplands afford very good grazing. The extreme northern portion of the township is very rough and covered with huge boulders. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 48 N., R. 12 E. — This township is crossed by the Arkansas river and railroad. It is very rough and rocky, mountainous land, suitable only for grazing. Plenty of water. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 Inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 49 N., R. 12 E. — The surface is very mountainous, with several high peaks. There is very little level land. The soil is poor, excepting in the very narrow valleys along the creeks and gulches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 50 N., R. 12 E. — This township is rocky and mountainous. There is scruby pinon on all of the mountains. The soil is generally poor. Good grazing in the creek bottoms and gulches. Suitable only for stock raising. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 to 11,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 51 N., R. 12 E. — This township is well watered and raises good grass. The surface is generally stony. Only valuable for grazing. Value, 13.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Dis- tance from railroad, twelve miles. DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT. Township 48 N., R. 10 E. — This township is mostly mountainous. There is a, little farming, altho the soil is not good. Along the Arkansas river there is a nice valley with excellent soil. The township is well watered by a num- ber of streams and there is considerable timber. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. The southwest portion of this township lies along the crest of the Sangre de Cristo range and is included in the San Isabel national forest. It is crossed by railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 25 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. LEADVILLE LAND DISTRICT. Township 50 N., R. 10 E. — A very mountainous and rocky district, on top of the Arkansas hills ; covered with scrubby pine and pinon on the mountain tops, but good grass on many of -the slopes and along Badger creek. The soil is not very good. Only a grazing district. Value, $5 per a«re. Distance from railroad, three miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches, Elevation, 8,000 feet. Fremont County 105 Township 51 N., S. 10 £. — ^An extremely roush and mountainous town- ship lying on top of the Arkansas hills. Some scrubby pine and pinon timber. Fair grass on the slope and along Badger creek. Strictly a grazing section; cannot be irrigated or cultivated. The timber is of no value. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. GARFIELD COUNTY 6LENW00D LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 978,489 Acres. Garfield county is located in the west-central portion of Colorado. It is crossed by the Grand river, along which there is a very fertile but narrow valley. Garfield county is a large county, sparsely settled, and offers many op- portunities to the homeseeker. There are two distinct coal fields across the county, and important coal mines at New Castle. Glenwood Springs, the county seat, is a popular summer resort; it has a population of 2,500. The total population of the county is only 10,000. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Wheat and grain $250,000.00 Hay 600,000.00 Vegetables 400,000.00 Fruits and other crops 250,000.00 It should be noted that Carbondale, perhaps the most famous potato-rais- ing district in the world, is located in Garfield county. Carbondale potatoes are the ones that are wrapped separately in a, piece of paper like peaches and bring higher prices than any other potato grown in the United States. Township 3 S., R. 87 W. — ^A mountainous township with a rich, black loam soil. An abundance of moistiue produces fine growth of grass, making this an excellent grazing district. Some of the land is suitable for irrigation. The western portion of the township is included in the White River national forest. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Located eight miles from railroad. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 4 S., R. 87 W. — A mountainous country consisting of rolling mesas cut by deep canyons. The soil is a deep, rich, black loam in some places, however, covered with rock and stone. In general, the land is good for agricultural purposes, and crops can be grown without irrigation. There are numerous natural meadows affording natural grazing. Timber is quite abundant. This is a very attractive country. The western portion of the township is included in the Holy Cross national forest. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 5 S., R. 87 W. — This township is crossed by the Grand river and railroad. There are some bottom lands along the river and considerable mesa land on the benches. The mesas are dry and barren and are covered with a soil that requires irrigation; back of these are hills less barren and dry, suit- able for grazing. There is some timber throughout the township. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 6 S., R. 87 W.— A hilly township on the divide between Grand river and Roaring Fork. There is agricultural land in small parks and along Coulter creek. This township is mostly mountainous with a loamy soil and numerous rocky places. Grains, vegetables and hay grow well here when irrigated. There is considerable aspen and cottonwood timber on part of the township. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, three miles. Ele- vation, 7,800 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Gaei^ield County 107 Township 7 S., R. 87 W. — Considerable land in this township is suitable for cultivation. It is a dry section, however, that requires irrigation. Nearly all of the township furnishes good grazing for cattle and horses. A railroad crosses the township. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 6 S., R. 88 W. — This is a mountainous township with a rocky soil of poor quality. There is no timber, but a dense undergrowth of scrub oak. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,900 feet. The northwestern corner is crossed by a railroad. Township 7 S., R. 88 W. — In this township is located Carbondale, the famous potato-raising district. There is considerable rolling land here, nat- urally covered with a dense underbrush, also numerous groves of aspen in the gulches. Fine valley land is to be found along the river in the southern portion. There are many fine ranches in this section. Considerable water in evidence. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Crossed by two railroads. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 8 S., R. 88 W. — See Pitkin county. Township 5 S., R. 89 W.— This township lies in the hills just north of the Grand river. The land is mostly rough and mountainous, being crossed by several creeks along which there are agricultural lands. Located two miles from Glenwood Springs, the county seat. Elevation, 6,500 to 10,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Township 6 S., R. 89 W. — This township is crossed by the Grand river and is at the junction of the Grand and Roaring Fork rivers. Glenwood Springs, the county seat, is located at this junction. The valley lands along the river are taken up. The general character of the township is rough and mountainous; the mountains being very steep. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 7 S., R. 89 W.— A mountainous, rolling surface. Most of the timber has been burnt, but the surface is covered with a dense underbrush of scrub oak and aspen. This is a good grazing district. In this township there are some good farming lands and a few coal deposits. Crossed by Roaring Fork river and a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 90 W. — This township is entirely mountainous. It is traversed by three or four narrow, fertile valleys. The hillsides are covered with oak and aspen brush, together with a rank growth of grass. The lands in this district are especially valuable for grazing purposes. During the spring and rainy season the small streams in the valleys supply water for stock. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 to 8,500 feet. Township 6 S., R. 90 W.— The surface is covered principally with oak brush. There is considerable timber. The southern portion is very rough and mountainous. This is a coal mining district and there are very few opportunities for settlers contemplating farming, but excellent opportunities for stock raising. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 7 S., R. 90 W.— A rough, broken township not surveyed. 108 Garfield County Township 5 S., R. 91 W.— In Elk Creek valley, which crosses the township, there are good acricultural lands. In general the entire township is moun- tainous with more or less timber. There is good grazing along the creeks and gulches. A coal mining district. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Distance from a railroad, one mile. Township 6 S., R. 91 W. — A greater portion of this township is picon- oovered hills. A considerable portion is open, affording excellent grazing lands. Some coal mining is being carried on. Crossed by railroad. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per aero. Township 7 S., R. 91 W. — A rough, mountainous township adapted princi- pally to grazing. Good grass is abundant and water plentiful. The lands along the creek battoms are in general narrow strips. The soil is stony and rocky but naturally fertile and covered with a dense undergrowth of brush There is considerable timber, but not of commercial value. Located five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 8,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 8 S., R. 91 W. — The western portion of this township is watered by West Divide creek, along which there are fine lands. The remainder is mountainous, but there are many places that could be cultivated with J>rofit. On account of the rich soil, dry farming is carried on with great success. Grass is fairly abundant in the mountains. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 92 W. — The surface is mountainous and very rough, with the exception of narrow strips of level, rolling lands along the valleys of the creeks and along the bottoms of the gulches and canons. There are small areas of mesa land in various portions of the township, usually on the mountain tops. The soil varies from a poor sandy day to a rich, deep loam of remarkable fertility. The lands along the bottoms produce a fine grass for grazing purposes. Some timber is in evidence. This is a beautiful country. Located eight miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 92 W. — Fine crops are raised along the river and creek bottoms, and many good ranches are to be found in this section. There is not much timber, although along the slopes of the Big Hogback, cedar and pinon timber is in evidence. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Township 6 S., R. 92 W. — Along Grand river, which crosses the township, there are some very fine agricultural lands. To the north of the river there is a low mesa country, called Cactus Valley, containing a few cedar and pinon covered hills. South of the river the country is more broken, and just west of Mann creek there is a very level mesa covered with dense under- brush. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Crossed by a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 92 W.— This township is a high mesa, covered mostly with sage oak and patches of cedar and pinons. There are fertile lands along the creek bottoms, well watered by running streams. A number of years ago, when Ex-President Roosevelt made a hunting trip to this State, he killed many bear hunting along the headwaters of Mann creek in this section. Township 8 S., R. 92 W. — The soil in this tovmship varies from a light red to a black, rich loam of good depth and fine texture. There are good Garfield County 109 water holes in this section. The northern portion consists of mesa lands and the bottom lands are suitable for cultivation. Farming is carried on here — both irrigation and the modified dry farming methods — and are meeting with good success. Distance from a railroad, ten miles. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to' $10 per acre. The western half is included in the Battlement Mesa National Forest. Township 4 S., R. 93 W. — There is good soil in the creek valleys, also in the uplands and wide flats and mesas. There is enough water in this township to irrigate the bottom lands, but water must be brounght from a considerable distance to irrigate the uplands. There is some coal in this section, and some timber. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 93 W. — The southwest corner of this township is rough and worthless. The northern portion is cut by the Great Hogback. Along Government creek, which crosses the township diagonally in a northwestern and southeastern direction, the soil is first-class. There are mesas on each side of this creek, which, if cultivated, would produce corps of vegetables and grains. Gypsum and coal are found in this township. Located three miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 6 S., R. 93 W. — This township is crossed by the Grand river and railroad. The southern and southeastern portions are extremely rough and broken. Along the river and Rifle creek there are fine bottom lands, which have all been taken up for the last thirty years. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 93 W. — The lands in this township are nearly all moun- tainous, consisting of rolling mesas and narrow valleys. The soil is mostly a sandy loam, inclining to be rocky. Along the valleys there are rich patches of narrow, black loam, suitable for farming. There is some timber in the southern and northern portions. A rank growth of sage brush is to be found in both the valleys and on the mesas. Distance from railroad, three miles. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 8 S., R. 93 W. — This township lies high up on Battlement mesa, with the exception of a small portion in the northeastern corner. In general, the surface is mountainous and covered with oak and spruce timber. There is also some good spruce timber on the high ridges. There is a fine supply of water, making this an excellent grazing country. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a, railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 4 S., R. 94 W. — ^Located on top of the Divide, between the Grand and White rivers. This township is well watered by several creeks and their branches. Some timber is in evidence. There is only a little land avail- able for cultivation. Ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 94 W. — ^A very high, rough, mountainous township. Only three sections have been surveyed. There is no agricultural land here. Township 6 S., R. 94 W. — This township is crossed by the Grand river and railroad. The southern portion is well settled and all of the land is under cultivation. The northern portion is very rough and mountainous, being unfit for settlement or cultivation. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 6,000 ffct. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. 110 Garfield County Township 7 S., H. 94 W. — The southern half of this township is located on the northern slope of the Battlement mesa and is included in the national forest. It is very precipitous. In the northern portion the soil is very fertile. The slopes are steep and covered with a natural growth of underbrush and abundance of grass. There are fertile valleys along the creek bottoms. The portion adjacent to the uplands are suited to cultivation. This is considered by many to be an excellent dry farming district. There is some timber in the township. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 5,^00 to 8,000 feet. One mile from railroad. Township 5 S., R. 95 W. — A rough; mountainous district unsurveyed. Township 6 S., R. 95 W.— The Grand river and railroad crosses the south- ern portion of this district. Outside of the river valleys, which are all taken up, the township lies on top of a very high mesa with steep precipitious sides. There are small areas of land here available for cultivation. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 7 S., R. 95 W. — This township lies on the northwestern slope of Battlement mesa. A large portion of the land is either excellent grazing land or suitable for cultivation. The southern portion is very mountainous, ranging to an altitude of 3,000 feet higher than the Grand river, which crosses the northern portion. A small amount of timber is found here. A railroad crosses this township. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 8 S., R. 95 W. — The northeastern corner of this township is the only portion not included in the national forest. Well watered by Wallace creek and its tributaries. This is a good grazing district. The mountain sides are covered with a dense growth of scrub oak. There is an abundance of balsam and quaking asp timber. The soil on the creek bottoms is excellent. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 96 W. — ^A mountainous township not surveyed. Township 6 S., R. 96 W. — This township is mountainous in character and used for grazing purposes except the bottoms of Parachute creek, and some of the wider gulches where the land is level and gently rolling. There is a little timber in this township. Most of the surface lies on top of high, inac- cessible ridges. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance froin railroad, three miles. Annual Kainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 7 S., R. 96 W. — This township is crossed by the Grand river and a railroad. Along the river bottoms there are some good agricultural lands. The rest of the township is generally rocky and mountainous and of no value, except for grazing. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 97 W. — This township is located on top of a high mesa of an elevation of 8,500 feet, being too high for farming, but affords good t razing. There is a little timber, and some springs are in evidence. Value 3.50 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 6 S., R. 97 W. — This township is very mountainous, composed of rough ridges divided by streams; the gulches are high and rough. There is considerable water found in many gulches and canyons, being sufficient for stock. The soil is thin and pgoi-j ^eiog unfit for cultivation. There is an Gakfield County Hi abundance of excellent grass in this township, making it well adapted for grazing purposes. Pinon timber is quite plentiful and there is some pine located on top of the high mesas. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from railroad, six miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 97 W, — A very mountainous township, composed prin- cipally of ridges which are high, abrupt and rocky, divided by streams. The soil is thin and poor, being unfit for cultivation. Water is found in the ravines and gulches, which are generally dry a large portion of the year. This is a fine grazing country, there being an abundance of blue grass. Some timber. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 5 S., R. 98 W.— This township lies on top of a high plateau at an elevation of 8,500 feet. The elevation is too high for farming, conse- quently this township is only fit for summer grazing. This district is rather barren, the growth of grass bein^ very scant. In the canyons there are a few running creeks and along the ridges are found a few pines and scattering groves of aspens. Distance from railroad, eighteen miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 6 S., R. 98 W. — A very mountainous, rough and broken town- ship; the ridges dividing the streams are high, abrupt and rocky. Roan creek carries running water. The soil is of poor quality and unfit for cul- tivation. Aspen, pinon and spruce are found throughout the district. This is a fine grazing section. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 7 S., H. 98 W. — A rough, broken, mountainous township. The ridges between the water courses are high and rocky. There is some good soil along Lone creek; but in general it is quite sandy. There is an abundance of running water and grass throughout, making this a good grazing section. Pinon and cedar timber covers most of this district. Located five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township S S., R. 99 W. — A rough township on the southern slope of Book CliflFs plateau. The southern portion is broken by canyons and almost inaccessible. In the northwestern and northeastern corner the small streams and low ridges afford good grazing during the summer. Most of this town- ship lies at an elevation of about 8,000 feet and contains no agricultural land. Distance from railroad, twenty miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 6 S., R. 99 W. — A very rough, mountainous district; the ridges between the streams being high and abrupt and very rocky. There is con- siderable water in the gulches. The soil is too poor to cultivate, except along the valley of the larger streams, where agricultural lands are quite good. A good grazing district. The surface is covered with a scattering growth of pinon, pine and cedar. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 99 W. — A very rough district, crossed east and west by two barren, high, rolling mesas, the bluffs of which are rocky and abrupt. Along the principal streams there is excellent soil, but in other portions of the township the soil is very poor. There is considerable pinon timber and an abundance of bunch and blue grass. This section is well adapted to graz- 112 Garfield County ing purposes. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 100 W. — This township is located on top of the Book cliflFs and is too high in altitude for agricultural purposes, not even good for grazing. This is a rough, mountainous section. The timber is mostly aspen and pine. Distance from railroad; thirty miles. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 6 S., B. 100 W. — A rough, mountainous township on the south- ern slope of the Book cliffs; it is cut by high mesas and deep canyons. The mesas are rough and rocky, covered with scattering pine and aspen timber. There is an abundance of grass and water. Located at the headwaters oi Roan creek. Distance from railroad, twenty miles. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. ' Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 100 W. — A very rough, broken district at the top of Little Book cliffs. The streams run through deep canyons between abrupt and rocky ridges. None of the soil is suitable for cultivation. There is an abundance of grass and water, making this section well adapted for graz- ing purposes. Pinon and cedar timber is quite plentiful. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Eelevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township S S., R. 101 W. — A high, mountainous, elevated plateau, with considerable timber, consisting of pine, spruce and aspen. The sides of the canyons, south of the divide, are very sharp, covered with blue joint grass, while in the gulches rye grass prevails. This is a fair summer grazing dis- trict, but too high and mountainous for winter grazing. There are no agri- cultural lands. Value, $3.50 per acre. Located eight miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches . Township 6 S., R. 101 W. — In this district there is a little land at the headwaters of the Salt Wash creek under cultivation by means of irrigation The rest of the township is rough and mountainous. Scrub cedar and pinon timber is found on the high places and there are a few groves of aspen. This is a good grazing section. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 101 W. — This township is principally rough and moun- tainous. There is very little agricultural land. What land there is suitable for agriculture is along the benches of Salt Wash creek, which would require irrigation, this would mean the construction of storage reservoirs. The tim- ber is nearly all scrub cedar, pinon and aspen, with a few groves of pine. Most of this township is covered with an undergrowth of scrub oak and sage brush and is well adapted to grazing, being covered with a fine growth of nutritious grasses. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Township 5 S. R. 102 W. — A very rough mountainous township on top of Roan plateau. There is considerable growth of scattering pine, spruce and aspen timber. This is a good summer range for cattle. Too high for winter range and contains no agricultural lands. Located one mile from railroad. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 6 S., H. 102 W. — A mountainous township on the southern slope of Roan plateau and at the headwaters of East Salt creek. The soil Gaefield County 113 is generally poor. There is considerable scrub cedar and pinon; also an un- dergrowth of scrub oak and sage brush. The surface is generally moun- tainous. This is a grazing district only. Located eight miles from a rail- road. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 102 W.— This township is wholly mountainous. There is a little grass, sage brush and grease wood with an abundance of scrub cedar and pinon throughout the rocky portions. There are occasional alka- line water holes, but no living streams. No coal indications in this town- ship, but a brown shale is found that burns with the odor of naptha. Eleva- tion, 5,000 to 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located eight miles from railroad. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 5 S., R. 103 W. — A rough, mountainous township on the crest of Roan plateau, being on the divide between the Grand and White rivers. In general it is covered with a scattering growth of spruce, pine and aspen timber. Rye grass grows in most of the gulches. There are good springs of living water in sections 14 and 15. There is also water in most of the gulches, near their heads, but it disappears and sinks in the rough, sandy soil. This township is a fine summer range for stock, but too high for any other purposes. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. A railroad crosses this township. Township 6 S., E. 103 W. — A rough and mountainous section, covered with scrub cedar and pinon, also with a dense undergrowth of sage brush. The entire township is well adapted to stock grazing and raising on account of it being covered with a good growth of nutritious grasses. Stock can feed here all year round on the open range. Coal formations extend througli the township and there is an abundance of water for stock, but not enough for irrigation unless retained by storage reservoirs, in which case a few small patches could be placed under cultivation. This district is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 7 S., H. 103 W. — This township is what is known as the Fruita desert and is considered to include the best winter range in this part of the State. Water could be placed on this land as the soil is good and the sur- face is comparatively level, although broken by some arroyos and gulches. The northern section is mountainous and is covered with a dense growth of sage, greasewood and rabbit brush. The water in this township is alkaline Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 to 7,000 feet. Township 5 S., R. 104 W. — An unsurveyed township. Township 6 S., R. 104 W. — The surface of this township is rough and mountainous throughout, having but very little agricultural land; and is in general covered with a fine growth of good, nutritious grasses. This section is well adapted to grazing. There is some poor timber, but quite a dense growth of oak and sage brush. There is plenty of water in springs and holes for stock. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 7 S., R. 104 W. — The surface is generally rough and moun- tainous. This township contains but a few small patches of agricultural land. There is considerable cedar and pinon timber, especially the southern part. This district contains some coal lands. There is plenty of water in the springs and water holes for stock. This is an arid section requiring irri- 114 Gilpin County gation for farming. This township is crossed by a railroad. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 to 7,000 feet. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Note: Townships 8 S., Ranges 94 to 104 West will be found under Mesa county. GILPIN COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 16,060 Acres. The first discovery of gold in a vein or lead in Colorado was first made at Central City, in Gilpin county. This is a very small county, being only about 12 square miles. It is located high up in the mountains, and the west- ern boundary is along the Continental divide. The elevation is from 8,000 to 13,000 feet above sea level. It is strictly a mining country and for fifty years has been adding steadily millions and millions of dollars to the world's wealth of gold. The first commercial radium was made from the pitchblend ores of Gilpin county. A detailed description of the vacant lands in this county will be omitted as those not mineral lands are ordinary grazing lands. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. GRAND COUNTY DENVER LAND DISTEICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 197,440 Acres. Grand county, or Middle park, as it is more commonly known, is a large, natural park practically surrounded by high mountain ranges. The moun- tains, except where they are above timber line, are well covered with a heavy growth of pine and spruce timber and are nearly all included in the National forests. This county is very well watered by creeks nourished by the snows on the mountains, forming the headwaters of the Grand river. Grand lake, one of the largest natural lakes in the State, and one of the most popular pleas- lu-e resorts in the west, is located in this county. About five years ago, the Denver and Salt Lake railroad was built across the Continental divide from Denver, and crosses Grand county on its way to Salt Lake. For some reason, perhaps because the country further west had been bet- ter advertised as the land of opportunity, few settlers have gone into Grand county, even though it is now opened up by the railroad. The population is very nominal for the size of the county. It is an excellent stock country. The mountains are well watered by live streams, and along the streams are fertile valleys. Not to exceed one- third of the land area, not included in the forests, has been taken up. Those looking for opportunities to go into the stock business would do well to look into Grand county. The streams in this county are well stocked with fish and there is plenty of wild game of all kinds, native to Colorado, to be found in the moun- tains. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as fol- lows: Cereals $ 10,000.00 Hay 250,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 25,000.00 The total population of Grand county is 1,862. Hot Sulphur Springs, the county seat, has a population of 200. The climate of Grand county is quite even; that is to say, there are but few intensely warm days and but few intensely cold ones. The farmer can begin his seeding in the middle of April and can count on the season being open until the middle of November. This gives him ample time after the harvest season to do his fall plowing. An occasional frost has no effect upon the high altitude crops, and the quality of the product is made better be- cause of the cool nights. Grand county lands will raise an average of fifty bushels of wheat per acre, year in and year out. Crops which do exception- ally well and come to the fullest maturity are barley, oats, alfalfa, spring wheat, timothy, alsike, clover and stock beets. Grains raised at this altitude have a much greater weight than those raised in lower altitudes. Township 1 S., R. 75 W. — The character of the land in this township is g.bpve the average in the park. The bottom lands are exceptionally good. 116 Grand County The grass is very fine, especially that on the bottoms of Fraser river and along St. Louis and Hamilton creeks. The eastern and southern portions are very mountainous and the rest is rolling and covered with small parks. The east- ern part is included in the Arapahoe national forest and is covered with fine white pine and spruce timber. The township is crossed by the railroad and well watered with good streams. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Four miles from the railroad. Township 4 N., R. 75 W. — This township is very rough and mountainous. Although it is nearly all included in the Arapahoe national forest, there is very little timber. It is well watered with numerous streams. What little land is outside of the forest is not suitable for agriculture. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Ten miles from the railroad. Township 1 S., R. 76 W. — The southern portion of this township is moun- tainous. The northern portion is rolling with meadows and prairie land. There are a number of streams with scattered timber on the elevated tables. Some good grazing land. Portions of the northern part are very rough and broken. The railroad crosses a corner of the township. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Township 1 N., R. 76 W. — The surface is rather rough, inclining to be mountainous. There is some meadow land. This is a good stock section. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. The railroad crosses this township. Township 2 K., R. 76 W. — This township is rough and broken. There is a luxuriant growth of brush and buffalo grass. There are fine hay lands in the Grand river bottoms. The growth of trees is small. The grazing is good. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Six miles from the railroad. Township 3 N., R. 76 W. — The northwest portion of this township is in- cluded in the Arapahoe national forest. It contains good pine and spruce timber of commercial value. Vegetation grows readily here without irriga- tion. The rest of the township is either level sage brush land with a sandy soil or rough and rocky mountain land. Six miles from the railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 4 N., R. 76 W. — With the exception of the valley of the Grand river, all of this township is included in the Arapahoe national forest, and the surface is very rough and mountainous. There are splendid fields along the Grand river. No irrigation needed. Good pine and spruce timber in the mountainous sections. The elevation of 8,500 feet is quite high for any crops except hay. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Located fifteen miles from the rail- road. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 5 N., R. 76 W. — ^Very mountainous with the exception of the narrow valleys along the Grand river. Nearly the entire township is included in the Arapahoe national forest. Owing to the extreme elevation, this land is of little value, excepting for hay and grazing purposes. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Twenty miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Ele- vation, 9,000 feet. Township 1 S., R. 77 W. — The west portion of this township is all included in the Arapahoe national forest. The township is well watered. The ravines and gulches contain running water all the year. There is a good stand of bunch grass. The land is suitable for grazing purposes. The surface is gen- Grand County 117 erally rough and broken. Six miles from tlie railroad. Value, $3 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 1 N., R. 77 W.— The south portion of this township is quite mountainous and is included in the Arapahoe national forest. Outside of the forest, a great many sections contain good grazing land, and along the bot- toms are some good hay lands; other portions are rough and covered with sage brush and scrub trees. Value, $5 to $30 per acre. This township is crossed by the railroad and is two miles from Sulphur Springs, the county seat. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 2 N., R. 77 W. — The surface is generally rough and mountain- ous. The Grand river and railroad crosses the south portion. This is a good grazing country. There are some hay lands along the river, and little mead- ows along the mountain streams. Value, $5 to $15 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 3 N., R. 77 W. — This township is mountainous thruout and con- tains very little open land. The north and west portions of this township are included in the Arapahoe national forest. Outside of the forest, the hilly portions are covered with pine and aspen. There are indications of gold and silver in this township. Six miles from the railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Township 1 S., R. 78 W. — The eastern portion of this township is exceed- ingly mountainous and is included in the Arapahoe national forest. The west- ern portion is crossed by the Williams Fork river. The surface is rough and broken, outside of the river valleys. There are some very good grazing lands in this township. Well watered. Plenty of timber. Four miles from the railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 1 N., R. 78 W. — The surface of this township is mountainous, with some good valleys. It is crossed by the Grand river and the railroad. There is a fair amount of timber. Sulphur Springs, the county seat of Grand county, is located in this township. Value of open lands, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Township 2 N., R. 78 W. — This township is generally mountainous and broken. The northern portion is included in the Arapahoe national forest. The southern portion is rough hills, covered with sage brush. It is poor grazing lands. Well watered. The railroad crosses a corner of the township. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 1 S., R. 79 W.— The surface is very mountainous and broken. There are natural meadows along the streams. Plenty of water. The southern portion of this township is included in the Arapahoe and Leadville national forests. Five miles from the railroad. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 1 N., R. 79 W. — There is a large amount of good land along the streams and on the bluffs in this township. Considerable of this land is ir- rigated and considerable more could easily be put under water. The soil is good. This township is crossed by the Grand river and the railroad. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 2 N., R. 79 W. — Nearly all of this township is mountainous. On the sloping land, the soil is especially rich, also in the valleys. There is abundance of water, springs and little lakes, also a number of mineral springs. 118 Grand Cofntt Mineral indications. There is some timber. The northeast portion is included in the Arapahoe national forest. There are some portions rough and broken and only suitable for grazing. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Six miles from the railroad. Township 3 N., R. 79 W. — The land in this township is poor and suitable only for grazing. Nearly the entire townhsip is included in the Arapahoe na- tional forest. It is located eight miles from the railroad. Value, $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 1 S., R. 80 W. — There is very little timber in this township. It is composed principally of high mesa land, affording good grazing, and is covered with sage brush. There are good agricultural lands here. This town- ship is crossed by the Blue river and is four miles from the railroad. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 1 N., R. 80 W. — Generally hilly and rolling. The soil is sandy and covered with sage brush with little natural grass. This township is well watered. There are some pine trees. The Grand river and the railroad crosses this township. There are fine bottom lands along the river. Value, $3.50 to $15 per acre. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 2 N., R. 80 W. — The western portion of this township is rough and mountainous land. The eastern portion, along Troublesome creek, is better, and considerable of it is under irrigation. The soil is sandy. The mesas are cov- ered with brush, grass and sage brush. Located three miles from the rail- road. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Township 3 N., R. 80 W. — This township is principally covered with sage brush. Some farming here. Located ten miles from the railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. This is a good grazing section. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 4 N., R. 80 W. — The northern portion is quite mountainous and mostly in the Arapahoe national forest. The southern portion includes very good grazing lands along Troublesome creek. There is excellent bunch grass. Not much timber that has not been burnt. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Fifteen miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 1 S., R. 81 W. — The surface of this township is mostly moun- tainous. Well watered. Originally covered with a good quality of saw tim- ber. This is a, good grazing district. The Grand river and railroad cross the extreme northwest corner of this township. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 1 N., R. 81 W. — The land in this township is better than the average land in Middle park. There is good grazing and good timber. Plenty of water. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 7,500 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 2 N., R. 81 W. — The surface is rough and mountainous, with some good flats along the creeks. There is fine hay land in this township. The soil is mostly clay and loam. There is a good growth of blue and bunch grass. Located three miles from the railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 18 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Township 3 N., R. 81 W. — The surface is mostly mountainous, with high mesas. The eastern part is gently rolling land and weU covered with good Grand County 119 grass. There is no timber of value. A good growtli of bunch grass thruout the township. The soil is mostly clay and of good quality. Ten miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 4 N., E. 81 W. — This township is very mountainous and located high up in the Continental divide. Along the creek bottoms there is some good land. Not much timber. The lands in this township are of no value except for grazing purposes. There is plenty of water. Twenty miles from the railroad. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 5 N., R. 81 W. — This township crosses the Rabbit Ear ran^e. It is high and very rough in some portions. Good grazing thruout. Poor timber. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Twenty-two miles from the railroad. Elevation, i^OOO feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Township 1 S., R. 82 W. — This township is crossed diagonally by the Grand river and the railroad. The township is generally mountainous. The mountains are covered with good grass. There is a first-class quality of tim- ber, in places. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. The western half of this township is included in the Routt national forest. The balance is mountainous and on the eastern slope of the Park range. There is some pine and aspen timber. Plenty of water. Some good little valleys. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Township 3 N., R. 82 W. — The surface of this township is rough and mountainous. The soil poor and sandy. Located high up on the Rabbit Ear range. Very little timber. Good pasture. Not much running water. Some sage brush. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Township 5 N., R. 82 W. — This township is located in the Rabbit Ear range. It is well watered. The timber is poor. There is some grazing. The surface is all mountainous. Fifteen miles from the railroad. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,500 feet. GUNNISON COUNTY MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 1,337,558 Acres. Gunnison county is a very large county, located just west of the central portion of the State. The Great Continental divide forms its eastern boiud- ary and this county is the basin of the headwaters of the Gunnison river. In the mountains there are many mining camps where precious metals are mined. This county has some fine coal mines and is one out of two counties in the State producing anthracite coal. The larger part of Gunnison county is included in the national forest. The general elevation of the county is high, too high in fact, for much farming. There is not much land suitable in the county for cultivation, the entire county being hilly and mountainous. This is a splendid stock raising section. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as fol- lows: Wheat $ 25,000.00 Hay 400,000.00 Vegetables and other crops ; 50,000.00 The population of Gunnison, the county seat, is 1,200. The population of the entire county is 6,000. The Gunnison river is Colorado's largest and most famous trout stream, where they catch the "big ones." Township 49 N., R. 1 E. — Composed of fine bottom lands along the Gun- nison river and rolling mesa lands covered with a luxuriant growth of grass; well watered by the river and tributary streams. The entire township is good agricultural land. The northeastern corner is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall under 10 inches. Value, $5 to |12 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Township 50 N., R. 1 E. — There are first-class bottom lands along the Gunnison valley and natural hay meadows and mountain parks watered by springs. Sage brush covers the rest of the township. There is a generally rolling section in the valley of the Gunnison. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Crossed by railroad. Township 51 N., R. 1 E. — ^A very rough, hilly country crossed by ridges and canyons and high flat-topped mountains. Along East river there is a little timber and small hay valleys. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Crossed by railroad. Township 49 N., R. 2 E.— Along Tomichi creek there are fine fertile val- leys with groves of cottonwoods and natural meadow lands. The hills are cov- ered with sage brush, but destitute of timber. This is a fair grazing coun- try with plenty of water. Value, $5 to $20 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. This township is crossed by a railroad. Township 50 N., R. 2 E.— This is a rolling foothills district, broken by ravines. The soil is of medium quality and the grass is fairly good. There Gunnison County 121 is plenty of good water. Elevation, 8,000 to 11,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Township 51 N., R. 2 E.— This is a hilly township with inferior soil. The grass is very poor with the exception of that along the creeks. The timber is dead and burnt. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Township 49 N., H. 3 E. — This is a rolling, broken township located in the foothills. Good pasture lands and hay valleys are to be found along Tomichi and Quartz creeks. The elevation is too high for crops with the ex- ception of hay and fodder. Outside of the valleys the township is moun- tainous and broken. The grazing is considered only fair. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Crossed by two railroads. Township 50 N., H. 3 E. — ^A very mountainous district with considerable fine spruce timber. This township is well watered and the grass is good, exceptionally good along the streams. Elevation too high for agriculture; from 9,500 to 11,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. A railroad crosses this township. Township 49 N., R. 4 E. — A rugged, mountainous township just a few miles from the crest of the Great Continental divide. The only level land is narrow valleys and these were taken up many years ago. The vacant lands in this township are grazing lands. Elevation, 8,500 to 11,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Two miles from a railroad. Township 49 N., R. 5 E. — The surface of this township is rough, rocky and mountainous, the altitude being 9,000 feet. There are rich bottom lands along Little Tomichi creek. The rest of the township is composed of rolling hills. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located four miles from a railroad. Township 49 N., R. 1 W. — There are splendid valley lands along the Gunnison river, capable of producing hardy vegetables or cereals, but owing to the high altitude, this is about all that can be raised. Outside of the valley lands, the surface is broken and suitable only for stock range. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. This township is crossed by a railroad. Gunnison, the county seat, is located in the northeastern corner. Township 50 N., H. 1 W. — ^A fine rich valley along the Gunnison river, with high, rolling mesas on each side. There are natural hay meadows in the valley; the mesas are good farming lands when irrigated. Mineral veins and coal deposits exist in various parts of the township. This is a well settled section, crossed by a railroad. Gunnison, the county seat, is located in this township. Value of vacant lands, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 51 N., R. 1 W. — The broad, level valley of Ohio creek is cul- tivated extensively for hay. This is a most desirable location for dairying and farming. In connection with the abundance of water for irrigation, there is power for domestic use and a fine stock range on both sides. The rest of the township is high and rough. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 45 N., R. 1^4 W. — A fractional township cut by deep gulches and canyons and crossed by several small streams along which there is good 122 Gunnison County grazing. The timber ia scattering except on some of the ridges, where there is a good growth of spruce and some aspens. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 1% W. — This is a well watered district with scat- tering timber on the hills and good grass in the valleys. The surface is quite mountainous. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Lo- cated twelve miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 1J4 W. — The surface of this township is very rough; it is traversed by rocky ridges. There is little or no timber. Some good bottom lands along Willow creek. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 1}4 W. — The surface of this township is hilly. A poorly watered section with very little timber. There is some spruce on the hills and a few scattering aspens throughout. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located three miles from a railroad. Township 46 W., R. 2 W. — The surface varies from wide valley bottoms to rolling uplands and mountains. The valleys contain good farming lands. The rest of the township is excellent for grazing purposes, being well watered by numerous creeks and springs. A scattering growth of pine and aspen is general. Throughout the mountainous sections there is some heavy pine timber. Most of the bottom lands are irrigated and cultivated. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six miles from a rail- road. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 2 W. — This township is well watered by many streams and springs and contains very fertile valleys and rolling uplands, producing good grass. Portions of the mountains are covered with heavy timber. This is a mining district with many mineral claims. A considerable amount of the bottom lands are irrigated and cultivated. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 48 N., R. 2 W. — ^Numerous small streams furnish an abundant supply of water for domestic and Irrigation purposes. The surface is mostly mountainous with high, rolling mesas covered with a dense undergrowth of scrubby cedars, oak, sage brush and bunch grass. Elevation, 7,800 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 2 W. — A hilly, mountainous township crossed by the Gunnison river and railroad. Outside of the narrow valleys along the river, the soil is generally rocky and third rate. There is a scattering vegetation of pines and cedars. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 50 N., R. 2 W. — The narrow bottom lands along the streams in the central and southern portions are available for agriculture. The surface generally is composed of narrow mesas much cut up by gulches and draws, making most of the land suitable only for grazing purposes. Several belts of fine red spruce timber. Elevation, 7,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located four miles from a railroad. Township 51 N., E. 2 W.— With an average elevation of 8,000 feet, this township is too high for agricultural purposes. The southern portion is fair Gunnison County 123 grazing land. There are some good, but not extensive, belts of spruce timber throughout this section. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 45 N., E. 3 W. — The two eastern tiers of sections are too rough for agriculture or grazing. The balance of the township is located on mesas having a good growth of grass. There is plenty of water in this district. Small tracts of farming lands are to be found in the valleys. Elevation, 8,500 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. A railroad crosses this township. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., E. 3 W. — There is sufficient water for agricultural and domestic purposes in this township. The mesas and rolling hills in the north- western portion are well adapted to grazing. Elevation too high for farming, being 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., E. 3 W. — The valley of the Lake fork of the Gunnison river consists of fine farm lands; the hills on either side are covered with brush and scattering spruce. In the extreme eastern portion of the township is a rocky mesa. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., E. 3 W. — The surface of the eastern portion is high and rocky. The central portion is a good grazing district. There is very little timber and what there is consists principally of scattering spruce and aspen. There is quite a dense undergrowth of sage brush throughout this district. Lake fork of the Gunnison river and the railroad cross this township. Eleva- tion, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Tovraship 49 N., E. 3 W. — A rolling, rocky mesa, covered with a dense growth of cedar, sage brush and scrub oak. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. This township is crossed by railroad and a narrow valley along the Gunnison river. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 45 N., E. 4 W. — In general, a very rough, mountainous district. Considerable farming is being carried on along the valleys of the numerous streams. Water is very plentiful in this section. Elevation, 8,500 to 12,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. A rail- road crosses this township. Township 46 N., E. 4 W. — Only the southeastern portion of this township is suitable for farming or grazing. The balance is high and generally well timbered. There is an abundance of water in the numerous streams. Eleva- tion, 8,500 to 11,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Railroad crosses southeastern corner. Township 47 N., E. 4 W. — The northern portion, which is a mesa, is cov- ered with good grass and is capable of producing a good hay crop. The streams which cross this township furnish an abundant supply of water for irrigation. There is some timber in this district, principally quakingasp and an occasional small belt of white spruce. Most of the surface is covered with brush. Elevation, 8,500 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located two miles from a railroad. Township 48 N., E. 4 W. — The surface is rough and mountainous. There are some very high mesas and deep gulches, generally covered with a dense growth of sage and grass and scattering pine and scrub oak. There is an abundant water supply furnished by the numerous streams. The entire town- 124 Gunnison County ship is a splendid grazing section. The streams ahound with trout. Lots of wild game is in evidence here. A railroad crosses this township. Elevation, 7,500 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 49 W., H. 4 W. — The surface of this township is mesa land cut by numerous streams. The western third is well adapted to grazing and the raising of wild hay. The Gunnison river and railroad cross the southern por- tion. Elevation, 7,500 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 5 W. — Mainly a rough, mountainous section on the northern slope of the San Juan mountains; and is covered with a dense un- dergrowth of scrub oak and spruce on the mountain sides, along the creek bottoms there is a great deal of willow brush. Many creeks supply an abundance of water for agricultural and domestic purposes. In the western and northwestern portion is a very rough mesa. There is a heavy growth of spruce and aspen timber on the northern slopes of the mountains. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located five miles from a railroad. Township 48 N., H. 5 W. — ^A very rough, mountainous district with some high mesa lands, timbered with spruce and quakingasp. This township is generally covered with a heavy growth of sage brush, also bunch grass and scrub oak. The water supply is abundant and the grazing excellent. Gun- nison river and the railroad crosses the northern edge of the township. Eleva tion, 7,500 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 5 W. — The surface of this township is a high, rolling mesa just north of the Gunnison river and is covered with a dense growtfi" of sage brush, bunch grass and scrub oak. This district is well watered by vari- ous small streams, and is timbered chiefly with spruce and aspens. This is a good grazing district, but worthless for farming purposes. Elevation, 7,500 to 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 83 W. — ^Bold, rugged mountains cover practically this entire township with the exception of narrow valleys along Taylor river. The vegetation is mostly scrub pine with some good timber. There are good grazing and hay lands along the river valley. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located six miles from a railroad. Township IS S., R. 84 W. — A very rugged, mountainou stownship with a narrow valley along Taylor river. The western portion is covered with sage brush and has a fair growth of grass. Throughout this tiwnship the grazing is good. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfaU, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Taylor river is a clear trout stream. This is a good stock country, but too high for farming. Township 14 S., R. 85 W.— There are fine rolling lands along the valley of the East river which are very fertile. As the streams flow through deep cuts there is very little bottom land. The sides of the valley are covered with a fine growth of grass, which is prized highly by stockmen. There is not much good timber in this township. Crossed by railroad. Elevation, 8,600 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 85 W.— The valley of the East river extends through the eastern portion, consisting of a level plain covered with sage brush. T^e Gunnison County 12.") river bottom itself is a narrow valley covered with a few scattering willow groves. Alkali creek has a large basin at its head. Near its mouth the valley widens and becomes a sage plain. There is a limited amount of timber in the township. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. This section is crossed by railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 86 W. — This township is largely mountainous and is very sparcely timbered. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. A railroad crosses this section. This is a coal mining section, but poor for grazing and is absolutely worthless for farming purposes. Township 14 S., R. 86 W. — There is some agricultural land in this town ship which is quite fertile and easy to work; also a small park in sections 28 and 29 susceptible to farming. There are extensive bituminous coal beds in this section. The northern slope of the divide is covered with a heavy growth of white pine and spruce timber; most of the timber on the southern slope has been ruined by fire. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet and up. This township is crossed by a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 15 S., R. 86 W. — This township has a large body of fine grass land bordering Ohio creek and its tributaries. Good grazing is to be found on the surrounding hills, but very little timber. This township is crossed by railroad. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. This is a good stock country, but too high for farming. Township IS S., R. 87 W. — The eastern portion of this township is cov- ered with a heavy growth of bunch grass and sage brush. There are numerous small streams crossing this portion furnishing an abundance of water for irri- gation purposes. The central and western portions are rough and broken and included in the Gunnison national forest. Elevation, 9,000 to 12,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 11 S., R. 89 W. — With the exception of a narrow valley along Muddy creek and its tributaries, this is a rough, mountainous township. There is some timber, but the surface in general is covered with a heavy growth of dense underbrush. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, about 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 12 S., R. 89 W. — A mountainous township at the head waters of the Gunnison river. This is a rugged, precipitious country covered with a dense undergrowth and timber. There are narrow valleys along the river and creek bottoms. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 90 W. — Along the valley of the Gunnison river there are narrow strips of land covered with a rich loamy soil adapted to such agricultural products as are suited to a high altitude. On the higher por- tions of the hills and mountains the soil is very shallow. The entire town- ship is covered with a dense underbrush. There is also a scattering growth of aspen, cedar and pinon timber. This is in general a good grazing section. In this township there are only a few springs having a permanent flow. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad. HINSDALE COUNTY MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 273,285 Acres. Hinsdale county is located high up in the San Juan mountains, in the southwestern portion of the State. It is well watered, well timbered and a very picturesque section very much set on edge. Agriculture is confined to the small valleys along the streams. Its principal industry is gold mining. However, there is considerable stock raising also and much good grazing land throughout the mountains. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products, is as fol- lows: Hay $25,000.00 Vegetables 5,000.00 The population of Lake City, the county seat, is 405. The population of the county is 750. Nearly the entire county is included in the national forests. Township 44 N., R. 2 W. — In the southern and western portions of this township is a mountainous and well timbered section. Several creeks carry an abundance of water. The northeastern portion, at the head of Cebolla creek, is a good grazing district. Elevation, 9,000 to 11,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located nine miles from a railroad. Township 45 N., R. 2 W. — See Gunnison county. Township 45 N., R. 3 W. — See Gunnison county. Township 42 N., R. 4 W. — A very mountainous township. In the north- eastern portion along the Lake fork of the Gunnison river and its tributaries there is an excellent grazing district. Other portions in the national forest. Elevation, 9,000 to 13,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located eight miles from a railroad. Township 43 N., R. 4 W. — The surface of this township is rough and mountainous, but well adapted to stock raising. There is plenty of water in Lake San Cristoval and in various creeks and streams. There is a fine growth of grass and spruce and pine timber. Elevation, 8,000 to 12,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 25 inches. Located two miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 44 N., R. 4 W. — An extremely mountainous district. There is good grazing on the hills east of the river, and good farm lands along the river bottoms. The entire township is well watered by streams. Several lakes and summer resorts, also mines and hydro-electric power plants. Elevation, 9,000 to 12,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Lake City, the county seat, and the railroad in this township. Value of vacant lands, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 45 N., R. 5 W. — See Gunnison county. Township 42 N., R. 5 W. — ^A very mountainous section with second and third rate soil. There is a fine growth of grass especially along the larger Hinsdale County 127 streams. The timber consists mostly of spruce and pine. This is a rocky metal mining district. Elevation, 9,600 to 13,000 feet, which is too high for farming. Annual rainfall is over 26 inches. Located ten miles from a rail- road. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 43 N., R. 5 W. — This is a suspended survey. The lands in this township will not be open for entry until resurveyed. The surface is mountainous and is covered with some good spruce and pine timber. Ex- cellent grazing is to be found in some portions. A creek crosses the northern part of the township. Five miles from railroad. Township 44 N., R. 5 W. — Suspended survey lands not open for entry. This is a very rough, mountainous district; the soil is third rate. The tim- ber is mostly pine; there is, however, some spruce and aspen. Township 44 N., R. 6 W.— This township is located high up in the San Juan mountains. The soil is of poor quality and the elevation too high for farming purposes. However, it affords excellent grazing. The northern por- tion is heavily timbered with spruce, pine and aspen. This is a mining dis- trict. Elevation, 10,000 to 14,000 feet. Annual rainfall over 25 inches. This is a fair stock raising country. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Ten miles from a railroad. HUERFANO COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 285,928 Acres. DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 11,080 Acres. Huerfano county, pronounced Wa-fer-no, is located in the southern-cen- tral part of the State. At the present time it is best known as a coal mining district, producing a very large tonnage of bituminous coal, which is shipped to the states in the Mississippi valley. This is, naturally, a very good agricultural district, altho little attention has been paid to this line. The valleys along the streams are fertile. It also contains a large area of plateau and prairie lands that could be farmed without irrigation on account of an especially liberal rainfall. The rainfall of this county, as given in the following descriptions, ranges from 15 to 25 inches per year, being amply sufficient to farm without irrigation in any country. This is a good county to investigate. Huerfano county is a large basin nearly surrounded by mountain ranges. The elevation of the valley, or central portion, ranges from 6,000 to 7,000 feet, while the surrounding mountains rise far up to timber line. The county seat and principal town is Walsenburg, with a population of 2,500 people. The population of the county is 15,000. This county has good railroad facilities. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Vegetables and other crops $ 31,000.00 Grains 50,000.00 Hay 250,000.00 PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT. Township 26 S., R. 62 W. — See Las Animas county. Township 25 S., R. 63 W.— See Pueblo county. Township 26 S., R. 63 W. — The surface of this township is prairie land. Very little timber. Adobe soil, producing good gramma grass. No surface water, except in springs. Value, $3.50 to $20 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 27 S., R. 63 W. — See Las Animas county. Township 25 S., R. 64 W. — The Cuchara river runs across this township, principally in a deep canyon. In the southeastern part of the township, where the vacant lands lie, the surface is rolling. Very good grazing land, covered with gramma grass. Good soil. No surface water. Value, $5 per acre. The lands along the river are on the side of the canyon and of little value. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, two miles. Township 26 S., R. 64 W.— The surface of this township is principally rolling and broken, especially where the Cuchara river runs thru it. There is some timber. The soil is sandy and not very productive. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Huerfano County 129 Township 27 S., R. 64 W. — The surface of this township is principally rolling prairie land along the divide. It is a good stock country with lots of water in the ravines, very little timber. Some of the land is suitable for cultivation. There is no irrigation or cultivation in this township at the present time. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 28 S., R. 64 W. — See Las Animas county. Township 25 S., R. 65 W, — The vacant lands in this township are in the southwest portion on top of Turkey ridge, and covered with sage brush and greasewood. There is no surface water. This township is crossed by roilroad. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Township 26 S., R. 65 W. — This township is principally dry prairie land sufficiently level to be irrigated. It is in the dry farming district and a por- tion of it heing under the Huerfano valley irrigation system. Value, $6.50 to $10 per acre. Good grazing. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 27 S., R. 65 W. — This township is crossed by the Cuchara river and also by the railroad. The surface is principally rolling, partly level and partly broken. There is some timber and very fine pasturage. The soil is generally good. Much of this land is suitable for cultivation. Value, $3.50 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Crossed by railroad. Township 28 S., R. 65 W.— This township is three miles east of Walsen- burg, the county seat. It is crossed midway north and south by railroad. The surface is principally open prairie land. The soil is sandy and affords good grazing. There is very little surface water; part of the year, none. The soil varies from first to third rate. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 29 S,, R. 65 W. — This is a good grazing district. Some timber. Fairly level prairie land. This township is crossed by three railroads and is in the coal mining district. Value of surface right, $6 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 25 S., R. 66 W. — The surface is open prairie lands, somewhat broken. Good grazing land. The gulches contain water a part of the time. It is covered in some parts with cedar trees. Some farming lands along the creeks. A portion of this township is under an irrigation system. Value, $6 to $10 per acre. It is crossed by two railroads. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 26 S., R. 66 W. — Some portions of this township are level, some rolling and some rough and hilly. Good grazing. There are a number of small lakes. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Crossed by two railroads and two irriga- tion canals. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 27 S., R. 66 W. — The surface of this township is mostly rolling and broken land. There are some good farming lands and excellent pasturage. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. The southwest corner of the township contains coal fields. This township is crossed by railroad and lies three miles north of Walsenburg, the county seat. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 28 S., R. 66 W. — Walsenburg, the county seat, is located in this township, which is crosed by numerous railroads. A coal mining district. The 130 Huerfano County vacant lands in the township lie on the rough hills at the eastern side. Value, $3.50 per acre. Not recommended excepting for grazing purposes. Annual rain- fall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 29 S., R. 66 W. — The surface of this township is broken. The soil varies from first rate to third rate. Some timber. Good grazing. There are coal mines in this township, which is crossed by railroad. Value of sur- face right, $5 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 30 S., E. 66 W. — The surface of this township is generally rough and broken. Considerable grazing land. Plenty of water in the streams, which is used to irrigate small patches of ground. Some timber. Fine grass. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Distance from railroad, six miles. Township 25 S., R. 67 W. — The surface of this township is rolling and broken in some places. Very rough and rocky, cut by deep gulches and ar- royos. Good winter grazing land, as gramma grass is very fine and gulches make natural shelter. Very little surface water. Some portions fairly level. Value, $5 per acre. Some timber. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Eleva- tion, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 26 S., R. 67 W. — This township is principally rocky and broken. There is some excellent land along the Huerfano river. Some portions of the land are fairly level prairie land. No surface water excepting in the river. Good grazing. Soil a light clay. Almost level land lying' m the Adobe flats. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 27 S., R. 67 W.— This township is reached by a branch rail- road. Coal mining is carried on in this district. There is good water in many localities. Fine g'-asses. The only vacant lands in this township are second and third rate. Value of surface rights, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 28 S., R. 67 W. — This township has some prairie and bottom lands along the Cucharas river. The rest is rough and rocky mesa land, lying in the foothills. Some scrub timber. Excellent grass. The township is crossed by a railroad. Value vacant lands, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 29 S., R. 67 W. — The surface of this township is principally broken and rolling. Some portions are level. The soil varies from first to third rate. There is some timber. The grass is excellent. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Railroad crosses the extreme northwest corner of the township. Township 30 S., R. 67 W. — The southern portion of this township is ex- tremely mountainous. The rest is quite broken, with some small patches of arable land. Not much water. Poor, scrubby timber. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 25 S., R. 68 W. — Most of this township is included in the San Isabel national forest. It is located in what is known as the "Green Horn" mountains. There is very little tillable land, but good grazing lands. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 25 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. HXTEEFANO CoUNTY 131 Township 26 S., R. 68 W. — This township is a high plateau or elevated plain. It is mostly included in the San Isabel national forest. There is ortions are mountainous and some rolling with good, sandy loam soil. There is dense timber in the mountains. Plenty of wild game. Very little surface water. Some prospecting for uranium ores. Distance from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point, thirty-five miles. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 5 N., R. 101 W.— This township lies on the crest of Blue moun- tain. Some timber, very little water. Some underbrush. In the center and west portions along Wolf creek the land is rolling and level. The soil is sandy and second rate. The grass is short. Crops cannot be raised without irrigation. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad station, forty miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 6 N., R. 101 W. — This township lies on the northern slope of Blue mountain and is crossed by the Bear river. It is a very rough and moun- tainous district with narrow strips of agricultural lands. No creeks, and a few springs. No water for irrigation. The river runs in a deep canyon. Heavy timber and a dense undergrowth of brush in evidence. Indications of copper, iron and gold in the southern portion. The northern portion of the township is precipitous and of no value. Value, $3.50 per acre. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from Craig, the nearest railroad station, sixty miles. Township 7 N., R. 101 W. — This township is a rough and mountainous section, inaccessible and of very little value. There are a few narrow strips of agricultural lands in the bottom of the draws. There are no creeks and few springs. No water for irrigation. The soil is third rate. Indications of iron and copper, but not discovered in any quantity so far. Most of the dis- trict is rough cedar-covered ridges about 9,000 feet high. Distance from Craig, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 8 N., R. 101 W. — A rather hilly township; some portions being very heavily timbered. The southern portion contains some good mill tim- ber. Most of the soil is thin and stony and covered with sage brush, forming a good winter range. Considerable land is good for agriculture. No water available for irrigation except small springs on Douglass mountain. Eleva- tion, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from Craig, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Township 9 N., R. 101 W. — The surface of thie township is hilly and com- posed of high flat-top mesas. No water. Considerable timber, but of no commercial value. Some of the soil is first rate, making good farming lands, but lying in an arid district require irrigation. No water available. Natur- ally, a good winter range, but has been overstocked. Vermillion creek crosses the township, but is decidedly alkaline. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 inches. Distance from Craig, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 10 N., R. 101 W. — The surface of this township is principally hilly. Some successful farming without irrigation being carried on nere. 222 Moffat County There is an abundance of grass and a dense growth of scrub timber. Some desert and worthless lands. Elevation, 6,800 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from Patrick, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Township 11 N., R. 101 W.— This township is hilly and very rough in the southwest portion. The rest is composed of flat-top mesas with deep gulches. The southeast portion contains timber, but there is none in the upper portions. The entire township is covered with dense undergrowth. Some dry farming and some irrigated farming in this township. Grazing good. On account of its remoteness very little is known of the district. Dis- tance from Patrick, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches, value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 12 N., R. 101 W. — This township is- in a hilly district and is covered with high flat-top mesas cut with deep gulches. Water is alkaline and unfit for drinking. The streams go dry during the summer time. No timber, but a dense growth of sage brush. This is a good winter range. In- dications of gold. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Distance from Patrick, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point, fifty miles. Township 3 N., R. 102 W. — The northern and southern portions of this township are rough and covered with a dense growth of scrub timber. The middle portion of the township is rolling mesas, covered with sage brush. Plenty of water. Good grass. Located at the foot of Blue mountain. Eleva- tion, 6,600 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Distance from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point, thirty miles. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 4 N., R. 102 W. — The southern and eastern portions of this township are mountainous, covered with heavy timber. The northern and western portions are table lands on Blue mountain. No timber. Covered with sage brush. The soil is sandy. There is no water and no grass. Dis- tance from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point, thirty miles. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 5 N., R. 102 W. — This township is composed of table lands on the summit of Blue mountain. The soil is a sandy loam, too dry for vegeta- tion, very productive if irrigated. Not much water on top of the mountain. Poor grazing land. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from Dragon, Utah, thirty- five miles. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 6 N., R. 102 W. — This township lies on the northern slope of Blue mountain, extending into the canyons of the Bear river on the north. It is a rough, mountainous section, covered with scrub timber of no com- mercial value. Very little water. The river runs in a deep canyon, with im- passable cliffs on each side. Some indications of iron, copper and gold. Dis- tance from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point, fifty miles. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. The lands in this township are worthless except for a little narrow strip of good land on a bench above the river. Township 7 N., R. 102 W. — ^This is a hilly and grazing district with about 400 acres of agricultural lands in the township. Some float copper and iron ore, very rich, but not found in veins. A few scattering springs and some timber. The southern portion is very heavily timbered. Located sixty-five miles west of Craig, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 9,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $8.50 per acre. Moffat County 223 Township 8 N., R. 102 W. — Zenobia peak is in the southwest corner of this township, which slopes in a northeasterly direction. There is some agri- cultural land in the township, but mostly mountainous. There is a reservoir site in sections 26 and 35, which might develop into an irrigation project which would put water on considerable land. Considerable timber of -com- mercial quality on Douglass mountain, also rich copper and iron ore float. Located sixty- five miles from Craig, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 9 N., R. 102 W. — This township is crossed by Green river and by Vermillion creek. There is some bottom land and low flats, mesas and rolling land. The soil is a sandy loam. White sage brush grows on the mesa land. This is a good winter range country. Distance from Craig, the nearest railroad point, sixty-eight miles. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 10 N., R. 102 W. — The northeast portion of this township is rough and mountainous, covered with heavy timber, making it of no value as agricultural land. The southwest portion is in the valley of the Green river, known as Brown's Park country. This is a natural farming district, heavily timbered along the river. Mesa lands at the foot of the mountains. The soil is a rich, sandy loam. This should make a fine fruit country. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Distance from Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point, sixty miles. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 11 N., R. 102 W. — This township is rather heavily timbered, and a mountainous district. Plenty of water. Good grazing and the grass is fine. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Distance from Green Kiver, Wyoming, the nearest railroad station, fifty miles south. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 N., R. 102 W. — The southern portion of this township is mountainous and heavily timbered. The northern portion, foothills and mesas, covered with sage brush, scattering timber, good grass and plenty of water. The grazing is fine. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Distance from Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point, fifty miles. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 3 N., R. 103 W. — The southern portion of this township is rough, while the northern portion is rolling mesa land. Some timber. Good grass. Plenty of water. Indications of uranium and vanadium ores. Thirty miles north of Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 4 N., R. 103 W. — The northern and eastern portions of this township are table lands. The soil is of medium quality, but quite productive if irrigated. The southern and western portions are broken, covered with dense timber and contain no agricultural lands. Distance from Dragon, Utah, then nearest railroad point, thirty-five miles. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 5 N., R. 103 W. — The surface of this township is rolling table land, located on top of Blue mountain. The soil is sandy and is classified about second rate, not being very productive. There is very little grass in this township, but lots of sage brush; not much water, and that bad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located forty miles north of Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value. $3.50 to $5 per acre, 224 Moffat Cotjntt Township 6 N., R. 103 W.— This township is located on the north slope of Blue mountain and consists of exceedingly rough and broken grazing lands. Some timber, but of no commercial value. Tne grass is rather poor and there is a dense undergrowth of brush. Some prairie and sage brush lands. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Located forty miles north of Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 7 N., R. 103 W. — An extremely rough, broken township, crossed by the Ladore canon of the Green river, and Yampa canon of the Bear river. There is practically no agricultural land in this township. Lands inaccessi- ble and of no value. Township 8 N., R. 103 W. — This township is crossed of the Ladore canon of the Green river and is mostly mountainous. There are some strips of agri- cultural lands and some water. Farming without irrigation is successful in this township, but there is not a great amount of land suitable. Seventy miles south of Green river, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 9 N., R. 103 W. — This is a very inaccessible district; generally rough and rugged, with dense timber, some of which is of commercial value. There are some grazing lands and some agricultural lands, but not much. Distance from Green River, Wyoming, sixty-five miles. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 10 N., R. 103 W. — The south and southwest portions of this township are barren and of no value. North of Green river is what is known as Brown's Park country, a district of good level land. The soil along the river is adobe with considerable alkaline. There is at least 1,000 acres of first-class agricultural land in this township, if irrigated. Located sixty miles south of Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Township 11 N., R. 103 W. — This township is mountainous. The southern portion is heavily timbered, but it without grass and is inaccessible. The northern section is covered with scattering timber; plenty of grass and water. This is a good grazing district. Distance from Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point, fifty miles. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 12 N., R. 103 W. — ^A rough, mountainous district, mostly heav- ily timbered with some natural parks and mesas. This is a good grazing sec- tion. Plenty of water. Elevation about 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Located forty-five miles south of Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point. Township 3 N., R. 104 W. — A rolling, mountainous, arid district, covered with dense sage brush and some scrub cedars. Plenty of coal. Suitable only for grazing. Scanty water. Located forty miles from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 4 N., R. 104 W.— The southern part of this township is level and productive, if irrigated. The soil is good. However, this is considered an arid district. The northern portion is mountainous and covered with scrub cedar. Located thirty-five miles north of Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Moffat County 225 Township 5 N., R. 104 W.— A rough and broken district. The soil is sandy and stony, covered with a dense growth of sage and brush. Some scrub cedar. These lands suitable for grazing only. Value, $3.60 per acre. Located thirty- five miles north of Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Township 6 N., R. 104 W. — This is a grazing section; the soil is thin and rocky. No timber. Plenty of grass. Value, $3.50 per acre. Located forty miles from Dragon, Utah, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 7,800 feet. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 7 N., R. 104 W. — This township is rough, rocky and inaccessible. , Township 8 N., R. 104 W. — ^This township is mountainous and suitable only for grazing. Inaccessible. Township 9 W., R. 104 W. — This township consists of rough ridges and canons, covered with a dense growth of timber. The northern portion of no value. The southern portion not much better. Township 10 N., R. 104 W. — The northern half of this township consists of river bottoms and mesa land, and the soil is good. The southern half is rough and of no value. Located sixty-five miles south of Green River, Wyo- ming, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 11 N., R. 104 W. — The southern portion of this township con- sists of mesa land, along the Green river. The northern portion is rough and mountainous. Located sixty miles south of Green River, Wyoming, the near- est railroad point. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. i Township 12 N., R. 104 W. — Principally a rough, mountainous district, heavily timbered. The southern portion not even fit for grazing land. The northern portion a good grazing section. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Lo- cated fifty miles south of Green River, Wyoming, the nearest railroad point. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. MONTEZUMA COUNTY DURANGO LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 188,107 Acres. Montezuma county is located in the extreme southeastern corner of Colo- rado, adjoining the New Mexico and Utah state lines. It is located on the southern slope of the San Juan mountains and is watered by streams fed from the snows of these high peaks. The population of Montezuma county is about 5,000. The population of Cortez, the county seat, being 600, about the same as that of Mancos, the next town of importance. There are two large valleys in this county, the Montezuma and Mancos valleys. The soil in these valleys is very fertile and there is an abundance of water for irrigation. This section of Colorado is very productive. This is a vegetable, grain and especially a fruit-growing district. Very large areas of vacant land in this county. In Montezuma, is located the Mesa Verde national park, a park created by congress tojpreserve the ruins of the ancient Cliflf Dwellers, who at one time thickly populated this part of Colorado. The race has long been extinct, having been exterminated by the Indians before tpe coming of the white men. In this national park are preserved whole cities in a good state of preserva- tion, together with implements, dishes and samples of other unperishable belongings of these little people, they being a race of dwarfs. The agricultural products of Montezuma county, at the present time, are about as follows: Wheat and grain $200,000.00 Hay 250,000.00 Fruits 60,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 75,000.00 Township 35 N., R. 13 W. — This township is located in the extreme east- ern part of Montezuma county, a mile south of the town of Mancos. This is a good grazing district with considerable timber. The soil is good but inclined to be rocky. Some parts of this township are under cultivation; other portions suitable only for grazing. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. One mile from railroad. Township 36 W., R. 13 W. — The northeast and southwest portions, which are watered by streams, are well adapted to agriculture, having good grass and fine timber with some pinon and cedar. The southeast portion is hilly and broken, with good grass and timber. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. This township is crossed by railroad, and the town of Mancos is located in the southern portion. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 34 N., R. 14 W. — The western portion of this township is in- cluded in the Mesa Verde national park. It is high mesa land containing many dwellings of the extinct race of Cliff Dwellers. Outside of the lands along the river valleys, which have been taken up, the township has nothing to offer to the homeseeker, as it is arid and barren. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Eleva- tion, 6,500 feet. Montezuma County 227 Township 3S N., R. 14 W.— This township is mainly mountainous, includ- ing a large part of the bluffs forming the boundary between the Mancos and Montezuma valeys. The arable lands on the Mancos bottom are mostly taken up and under cultivation. Coal indications appear in the western portion. Distance from railroad, one mile. Value, $5 per acre. The south and wes.t portions are included in the Mesa Verde national forest. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 36 N., R. 14 W. — Coal outcroppings are frequent in this town- ship. The grass is good and there is considerable pine timber. Much of the land is rolling sage brush land. Fine soil. Very fertile when irrigated. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Distance from railroad, one mile. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 37 N., R. 14 W.— The surface of this township is mainly high, rolling land. Lost canyon and the Dolores canyon, with their tributary gulches, make several sections very rough. The only surface water is in the Lost Canyon creek. The northern part of this township is included in the Montezuma national forest. This township is crossed by railroad. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 35 N., E. 15 W. — The southern portion is broken by high sand- stone bluffs, forming the Mesa Verde national park. The northern portion lies in the Montezuma valley. The vacant lands are rolling and hilly between the valleys and bluffs, and densely covered with oak brush and scattering pines and spruce. There are coal indications in many places. No surface water. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Distance from railroad, eight miles. Township 36 N., R. IS W. — This township is situated in the Montezuma valley and drained by McElmo creek. Most of this township is covered with a dense growth of cedars, pinons; excepting the southwest portion, which is broken and open. Most of the entire township is irrigated by a ditch from Rio Dolores; there are also springs in sections 5 and 29. Value, $10 to $25 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 15 W. — ^This township is a high plateau, cut by two creeks in deep canyons. There is an abundance of good grass on the plateau and a small amount of good agricultural land in the creek bottom. In the eastern part is some good pine timber; other parts are timbered with plnon and cedar. This township is crossed by Rio Dolores river and railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 38 N., R. IS W. — ^With the exception of small strips on the south and west portion, this township is included in the Montezuma national forest. Ancient Aztec ruins are numerous. Along the river bottom is a nar- row valley with rich soil. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 35 N., R. 16 W. — This township has a large amount of fine agricultural lands to be irrigated. The grass is most luxuriant. The creeks flow only a short time each year. There is a range of sandstone cliffs about 1,000 feet above the creek, extending from section 32 to sections 24 and 25; this portion being included in the Mesa Verde national park. Aztec ruins are numerous. Valley lands, valued from $20 to $30; side hill lands from $5 to $6 per acre. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. 228 Montezuma County Township 36 N., B. 16 W.— The surface is high, rolling, mesa lands, cut hj deep gulches and canyons. This is excellent grazing land; much of it might be irrigated and cultivated. Cortez, the county seat of Montezuma county, is located in this township. There are scattered cedar and pinon g'oves and a dense growth of black sage brush. Value, $12 to $20 per acre, istance from railroad, four miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 6,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 16 W. — Most of this township is irrigated from the Rio Dolores and located in the Montezuma Valley Irrigation district. Ko natural surface water. There are coal indications in the northeastern por- tion of this township; and numerous ancient Aztec ruins. Value of vacant lands, $5 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, three miles. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 38 N., R. 16 W. — ^Most of this township is high, rolling mesas, covered with brush, cedar and timber. There are coal indications along the southern boundary. This is a good grazing section and the lands, suitable for irrigation, are already taken up. Distance from railroad, four miles. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 39 N., R. 16 W. — The greater part of this township consists of high, rolling mesas, covered with a heavy growth of pine timber and scrub oak underbrush. That portion of the township north of the Rio Dolores is included in the Montezuma national forest. The Rio Dolores crosses this township in a deep canyon from 1,500 to 2,000 feet in depth. ' There is very little water in the township excepting in the river. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 34 N., R. 17 W. — This township is mostly mountainous and barren. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, twenty miles. Annuar rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 35 N., R. 17 W. — The surface of this township is rolling prairie land. There is fine deep soil, susceptible to irrigation. The west half is barren and mountainous. Many ancient ruins of the Cliff Dwellers are found here. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 36 N., R. 17 W. — The soil of this township is very good, but the surface is considerably broken by gulches and ravines. Water is scarce. There are extensive ancient ruins of the Cliff Dwellers in the rougher por- tions. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 19 inches. Elevation 6,600 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 37 N., R. 17 E. — ^The western portion of this township, in which the vacant lands occur, is quite rough, cut by deep sandstone canyons containing ruins of the villages of the Cliff Dwellers. Surface water is scarce. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 6,600 feet. Distance from railroad, ten miles. Township 38 N., R. 17 W. — ^The northwestern and southern portions of this township are mountainous, cut up by deep, rough isandstone canyons, the bluffs of which are covered with a dense growth of cedar and pinon. The rest is good grazing land with heavy sagebrush and good grass. In Sec- tion 35 is a fine spring, near which there are extensive Aztec ruins. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,600 feet. Dis- tance from railroad, ten miles. Montezuma County 229 Township 39 N., R. 17 W, — ^The surface of this township is mountainous and covered with groves of cedar, pinon and some pine. Sage brush abounds everywhere. The soil is good. The surface is cut up by many canyons, away from which there is generally good grass. The bottom lands are 'good, but are subject to overflow. This township is crossed by the Rio Dolores, which runs in a deep canyon. Distance from railroad, twelve miles. Value, $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Township 35 N., H. 18 W. — The surface of this township is entirely mountainous and extremely rough. The soil is rocky and dry, thus render- ing it unfit for cultivation. Scrubby brush ,covers the township. Grass only in rainy seasons. There are slight coal indications in Section 11. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, twenty miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 36 N., R. 18 W. — ^The surface of this township is mountainous, rough and rocky. There is very little water. There are some good lands in the valley bottoms. Grass only in wet seasons. Very little timber. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 37 N., R. 18 W. — The surface of this township is exceedingly rough and mountainous, being cut up with deep sandstone canyons and tributaries. Pinon and cedar abound and sage brush is luxuriant. There are many ruins of the Cliff Dwellers. Good grass on the sage brush plateaus. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. ' Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 38 N., R. 18 W. — The surface of this township is mountainous and cut up with rough canyons. The divides between these are covered with dense sage brush and good grass. The bluffs of the canyons are skirted with dense pinons and cedars. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, fifteen miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 39 N., R. 18 W. — This is a good location for stock raising, as there is good shelter in the canyons and clumps of cedar and pinon. A dense undergrowth of sage brush abounds; while in the creek bottoms there is excellent blue grass. The soil in the bottoms is productive, but water is very scarce. Most of the water is alkaline in character. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Dis- tance from railroad, fifteen miles. Township 35 N., R. 19 W. — ^This township is rough and mountainous. The soil is dry and barren. Grass in rainy seasons only. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Distance from railroad, twenty-five miles. Township 36 N., R. 19 W. — The surface of this entire township is a rough and broken mountainous region, except a few narrow strips along the McElmo and Yellow Jacket creeks. In these narrow bottoms are some of the most successful orchards in Colorado, and their^ products take prizes when- ever exhibited. There are numerous Aztec and Cliff Dwellers' ruins in the canyons. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inctes. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Distance from railroad, twenty miles. Township 37 N., R. 19 W. — The surface of this township is rough, rocky land, destitute of vegetation,'' excepting for scattering scrubby brush. There are some very narrow bottom lands in the gulches. There is no surface 230 Montezuma County water except a couple of small springs in sections 30 and 25. Value, $3.50 ?er acre. Distance from railroad, twenty-five miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 5 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 38 N., R. 19 W. — The surface of this township is cut by deep, rocky canyons. Good grazing in the entire township. The soil on the mesas is first-rate and would be very productive if it could be irrigated. Aztec ruins abound on the mesa, and in the bottom of canyons, and in the cliffs. This' section was evidently thickly populated by these little people at one time. Distance from raih'oad, 20 miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to IS inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 39 N., R. 19 W. — The eastern and southwestern portions of this township are very rough and cuti by deep canyons. The borders of the canyons are covered with a dense growth of scrub cedar and underbrush. The central and northern portions consist of rolling sage brush mesas with good soil. Good grazing abounds over the entire township. Ancient Aztec ruins in the southern portion. Distance from railroad, twenty-five miles. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 35 N., R. 20 W. — With the exception of the valley along McElmo creek, the rest of the township is rough, dry and rocky; covered with a scattering growth of scrubby brush. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Distance from railroad, thirty miles. Township 36 N., R. 20 W. — ^With the exception of the valleV lands along the McElmo, the rest of the township is rough and rocky. Grass in the rainy season only. Scattering brushwood over the entire township. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from railroad, thirty miles. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 20 W. — The surface of this township is very rough and mountainous, covered with scrubby brush. Grass only during rainy sea- son. No surface water. Distance from railroad, thirty miles. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Township 38 N., R. 20 W. — The surface of this township is cut by deep canyons and the mesas are heavily timbered with scrub cedar and pinon; there is a dense undergrowth of sage and buckbrush. This township affords good range for stock. The soil on the mesa is of fine quality. Aztec ruins abound here. Distance from railroad, thirty miles. Value, $3.50 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Township 39 N., R. 20 W. — The southern portion of this township is cut by deep canyons, but the northern portion is high rolling, mesas, covered with sage brush and scattering pinons and cedars. Good soil and good grass, but a scarcity of water. Value, $3.50 per acre. Distance from rail- road, fifteen miles. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. MONTROSE COUNTY MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area Vacant Lands, 476,061 Acres. Montrose county is located in the west-central portion of Colorado, adjoining the Utah state line on the west. In this county is located the very productive Uncompahgre valley, irrigated from the waters of the Gunnison river, through a six-mile tunnel, constructed by the United States Reclamation service. This county is divided by the Uncompahgre Plateau, a high rolling table land, covered with timber and included in the Uncompahgre National forest. The western portion of Montrose county is a fertile country of valleys and plateaus, being rapidly developed. Montrose county is comparatively sparsely settled outside of the irrigated districts, the total population of the county being less than 12,000, while the population of Montrose, the county seat and largest town, is 3,500. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows: Wheat and other grains $300,000.00 Hay 650,000.00 Vegetables 300,000.00 Fruits 400,000.00 Other crops 75,000.00 Township 47 N., R. 6 W. — This township consists of fine grazing and agri- cultural land except in the southeastern part, which is composed of a high mesa. Most of the township can be irrigated. There is a scattering growth of oak, pinon, cedar and pine. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six mil^s from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 6 W. — There is fine grazing and agricultural land in this township except in the northeastern portion, which is cut by canons and ridges. There is a scattering growth of cedar, scrub oak and pinon timber. The northern portion of this district is crossed by the Gunnison fiver and railroad. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 6 W. — The surface is largely mountainous or high, rolling mesa land. The Gunnison river crosses in a canon of 2,000 feet in depth. There are several settlers in the valley of Crystal creek and farming is carried on to some extent. Timothy hay and vegetables being the principal crops. Most of this township consists of good grazing land. There are some ?uaking aspen and spruce timber in the eastern portion. Good water is plenti- iil. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located two miles from railroad. Township 50 N., R. 6 W. — The surface varies from valleys to high ridp^es and hills. The soil of the valley is a loam and that of the rolling and hilly country adobe. Both are capable of producing abundant crops under irriga- tion. This township is well watered by numerous streams and has a scatter- ing growth of pine, cedar, sage and oak brush. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Located six miles from a railroad, Value, $6 to $10 per acre, 232 Montrose County Townsbip 51 W., R. 6 W.— The northwestern portion of this township is covered with a good growth of bunch grass and is well watered by springs and creeks. The northern portion is mostly made up of high adobe ridges and hills, being covered with a thick growth of cedar and pinon timber. There are some good farm lands along the creek bottoms. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 7 W. — The greater portion of this township lies at an elevation of above 9,000 feet, and is too high for agricultural purposes; but this is an excellent grazing district. Located five miles from a railroad. An- nual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 7 W. — This is an unsurveyed township. Township 49 N., R. 7 W. — This township is crossed by the Gunnison river, which flows through a canon 2,000 feet deep, and also by a railroad. Only the southwestern quarter is surveyed; the balance being too high and rough for agricultural purposes, but a good grazing section. The soil is very fertile in the valleys and on the mesas. Potatoes and alfalfa yield well where irri- gated. There is plenty of scrub cedar and quaking aspen, but very little tim- ber suitable for lumber. This district is well provided with spring water. The Gunnison tunnel is located in this township. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Value, $4 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township SO N., R. 7 W.— The surface of this township is quite varied in its topography with many varieties of soil. This district is crossed by the Black canon of the Gunnison river, and there are high mesas on each side. On the mesa and in the gulches the loam is rich and capable of producing good crops when irrigated. This district contains very little large timber. The vegetation is mostly sage, oak brush and grass. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Distance from railroad, five miles. Township 51 N., R. 7 W. — This is a hilly, mesa country. The mesas and valleys have good soil, capable of cultivation if irrigated. There is no large timber, the vegetation consists of cedar, sage and oak brush and grass. lo- cated seven miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 8 W. — This is principally a mountainous district, cov- ered with scattering cedar and pinon timber. There is thin but good grass on the mountains. There are good farm lands in the valley of the Uncompahgre river in the eastern portion, where the river crosses the township. This dis- trict is well watered by small streams in addition to the river. Iron ore is found in different portions of this township. Elevatipn, 6,500 to 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Crossed by a railroad. Township 48 N., R. 8 W. — This township consists principally of rough and broken land. There are some good flats which would be very productive if irrigated, but water is very scarce. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located two miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 49 K., R. 8 W. — ^This township lies at the western portal of the Gunnison tunnel of the United States reclamation service. The character of the township is generally mountainous. The mountains are covered with a thick growth of pinon and cedar timber, with a heavy underbrush. Good grass MoNTKOSE County 233 is to be found in the valleys. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $S per acre. This district is crossed hj a railroad. Township 50 N., H. 8 W. — This is a mountainous, rocky township crossed by the Black canon of the Gunnison river. It is covered with heavy pinon timber and a dense underbrush. Elevation, 6,500 to 8,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $5 per acre. Distance from a railroad, four miles. Township 51 N., R. 8 W. — This is an exceedingly rough and mountainous township throughout. It is located on the northern slope of a high mesa. There is no surface water in this district. There is some very good soil, but water would have to be supplied to make it productive. Dwarf cedar and sage brush are found throughout this section. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Located six miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 9 W. — This township is wholly mountainous and box canons have made it rough and broken. No running water is to be found here. Most of the timber has been cut off. The Uncompaghre river and rail- road crosses the northeastern corner. Elevation, 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 9 W. — The surface of this township is rough and moun- tainous. It is covered with a dense undergrowth of sage and oak brush. The Uncompaghre river and railroad cross it diagonally. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 9 W. — ^Montrose, the county seat, and the location of the United States land office, is situated in the southwestern corner of this township, which is crossed by two railroad lines. This district contains quite a variety of land from level plains and irrigated valleys to mountains. There is fine soil in the bottom lands and on the mesas, which are covered with a scant growth of bunch grass. On the mountains the soil is adobe and barren of timber. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township SO N., R. 9 W. — The western portion consists of flats, which are irrigated from the Gunnison tunnel project. The eastern side rises to the crest of the divide between the Gunnison and Uncompaghre rivers. Some good timber and grazing land occurs on the hills and on the slopes. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Located four miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 51 N., R. 9 W. — ^In the western portion there are two long val- leys with a number of smaller tributaries, all good soil and watered from the Gunnison tunnel project. Originally this land was almost barren excepting for scattering sage brush and occasionally light grass in the valleys, but water has turned it into a garden spot. The mountains bordering on the divide be- tween the Gunnison and Uncompaghre rivers are covered with a heavy growth of cedar timber. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, under 10 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre for the lands above the canals. Township 47 N., R. 10 W. — This township consists of a high mesa on the northern slope of the Horse Fly mountain, 2,000 feet above the river valley. It is very much cut up by deep draws and canons, especially on the southern and western sides and has but very little permanent water, but furnishes a good range for cattle. In the southern portion there is some excellent pine timber, which is in the Uncompaghre national forest. There is also a large amount of cedar and pinon timber. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall,' 284 Montrose County 16 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located five miles from a railroad. Township 48 N., R. 10 W. — This township consists of high mesa land, where there is good grazing and remarkably fertile soil. In the northeastern portion, near Montrose, this land is under irrigation and very valuable. An- nual rainfall, 15 inches. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located one mile from a railroad. Township 49 N., R. 10 W. — This township is principally fine mesa land, mostly under irrigation and very productive. A railroad crosses this section and Montrose, the county seat, is only two miles distant. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $10 to $12 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 11 W. — This township lies on top of the northern slope of the Uncompaghre plateau. The surface is broken by deep canons and moun- tain ranges. Nearly all of this district is suitable for grazing only. There is a dense growth of scrubby spruce, aspen and oak brush in many parts. Eleva- tion, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 11 W. — A rocky and mountainous township with a broken, rolling surface. This district is cut by creeks, canons and gulches, which are nearly all dry. There is a dense growth of pinon, cedar and scrub oak. Elevation, 6,500 to 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 11 W. — This township is rough and broken by canons and gulches. The timber consists of heavy pinon and cedar, with a dense undergrowth. The water is poor. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Located four miles from a railroad. Township 50 N., R. 11 W. — This district consists of rolling mesa land cut up by narrow canons principally on the west side. The eastern par<^ of the township is under a canal. Pinons and cedars are plentiful in some portions. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches and less. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Located four miles from a railroad. Township 48 N., R. 12 W. — This is a mountainous township. The whole western portion is included in the Uncompaghre national forest. The surface is generally rough and rocky; broken by creeks and canons. There is a heavy growth of aspen and spruce timber with a dense growth of scrub oak brush and aspen. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Value, $3.50 $5 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 12 W. — This is a rough and rocky township, mostly in- cluded in the Uncompaghre national forest. The surface is broken by numer- ous creeks and canons. It is heavily wooded with pinon and cedar, with a dense undergrowth. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 50 N., R. 12 E. — This is an extremely rough, broken country, cut by canons and gulches, which are mostly dry. It is heavily wooded and cov- ered with a dense undergrowth of pinon, cedar and some scattering cotton- wood trees along the creek bottoms. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 51 N., R. 12 W. — This township is broken by canons and creeks, which ore mostly dry. It is heavily wooded and has a dense undergrowth of Montrose County 286 pinon and sage brush, also considerable cactus. Elevation, 6,600 feet. Annual rainfall, less than 10 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Township 46 N., H. 13 W. — This township is very rough and mountainous. The only lands classified as good agricultural lands consist of about eighty acres each in sections 6 and 11. The deep rocky canons occupy a large part of the territory. The township is well covered with cedar, pinon and oak brush. Elevation, 6,600 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Located eighteen miles from a railroad. Township 49 N., R. 13 W. — Rough uplands, intersected by numerous canons and gulches. The southern portion is covered with spruce, pine and aspen, and is included in the Uncompahgre national forest. The northern portion is covered with pinon, cedar, and a dense undergrowth of scrub oak and other brush. This township is well watered by small springs and creeks. The land is more fit for grazing than agriculture. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 50 N., R. 13 W. — The surface of this township is rough uplands, intersected by numerous canons and covered with cedar, pinon, scrub oak and sage brush. Water is scarce. This land is only fit for pasturage. Elevation, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 51 N., R. 13 W. — This township is composed of rough uplands, with the exception of the valley of the Escalante river, where the soil is sandy loam. There is plenty of water for irrigation. The balance of the township is only suited for pasturage. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located five miles from a railroad. Township 46 N., R. 14 W. — This is a very rough, mountainous township on the western slope of the Uncompaghre plateau. It is covered with a heavy growth of pinon timber. The agricultural lands are in the San Miguel canon. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Located eighteen miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 14 W. — The entire township is mountainous and much cut up by deep canons. There are no agricultural lands to be found here. The surface is generally covered with cedar, pinon and scrub oak. Located twenty-five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Township 46 N., R. IS W. — In general, the surface is mostly mountainous and rocky, although there are some good lands in sections 7, 8, 9, 10, 16, 16, 17 and 18. I^ore than three-fourths of the township is covered with heavy tim- ber. Annual rainfall, 16 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Located twenty five miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 15 W. — This is an exceedingly rugged and mountain- ous township. It is practicalljr arid. There is a heavy ^-owth of pinon and cedars covenng nearly the entire township, with some pine timber in spots. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 15 W. — A very rough and mountainous township. The southern half is covered with dense underbrush and scattering growth of heavy yellow pine timber. The northern and western portions are well watered by numerous springs. The abundance of water, together with a good growth of 236 Montrose County grass, makes excellent grazing. Located thirty-five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 16 W. — Some good grazing lands and some irrigated lands are to be found in the canon of San Miguel. In general, the surface of the township is rough and rocky with scattering timber, principally heavy pinon. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 ot 20 inches. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 47 N., K. 16 W. — This is an extremely rough and mountainous section. The greater portion is covered with pinon timber. There are some clumps of cottonwoods along the San Miguel river. No farming land is to be found- here. Some of the land is utilized for grazing. There are several min- eral claims throughout this district. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located thirty-five miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 16 W. — The surface is rough and broken by deep canons. There are no farming lands here. Pinon timber abounds m this township, except in the two northern tiers, which have a dense growth of scrub oak and aspen. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 49 N., R. 16 W. — This township is very rough and broken throughout. It is covered with scrub oak and some good yellow pine timber. The grass is good and there is an abundance of water, making this a good grazing country. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 17 W. — The upper end of the Paradox valley in this township contains excellent feed for cattle. The rest of the township is mountainous with low cedar and pinon trees. The only water found in this district is in section 24. Located thirty-six miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 per acre. Township 47 N., H. 17 W. — This is a high, mountainous region. The land is mostly worthless. Some placer mining for gold is being carried on. Some good pine timber. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 4 to 10 inches. Lo- cated thirty-five miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 17 W. — The surface of this township is very moun- tainous. Much of it is broken by deep, inaccessible canons. It contains some grazing land in the eastern portion, known as Pierson's range. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located thirty-six miles from a rail- road. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 18 W. — This township is very rough and badly cut up by ravines and canons, which are impassable in many places. The soil in general is of little value. There is some fair timber in the southern part, it 18 mostly scattering. Located forty-five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 18 W. — The surface is mostly mountainous and cut by many canons. The river bottoms along the Dolores river contains good soil and in the northwestern portion the land is rolling and the soil first quality. The timber is mostly pinon and cedar with some heavy pine. Locat- ed forty miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Montrose CouNTy 237 Township 48 N., S. 18 W. — ^The eastern portion is badly cut up by the Dolores canon. There is fine white, red and brown sandstone found in the western portion and some heavy pine timber in the northwestern part. There is a scattering growth of pinon and cedar on the mountain sides and some spruce in the canons. Elevation, 6,S00 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches, located thirty-five miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 19 W. — The land is rolling and broken, but affords excellent grazing. There is a scattering growth of cedars and plnons. Water can be had in limited quantities from the gullies and ravines. This township is crossed by the Dolores river. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located fifty miles from a railroad. Value, $3.60 to $6 per acre. Township 47 N., R. 19 W. — This is a good grazing country. The agricul- tural lands are in the northeastern portion. Water can be obtained from the streams in limited quantities. There is some scattering pine and pinon tim- ber on the mesas. Located forty miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 5,600 feet. Value, $3.60 to $6 per acre. Township 48 N., R. 19 W. — The northern portion is rolling mesa land. There is a scattering growth of pine timber and some good bunch grass, mak- ing this a fine grazmg district. The remainder is fine farming and grazing land. There is an abundance of water. This township is located north of the Paradox valley. Elevation, 5,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Forty miles from a railroad. Township 47 N., R. 20 W. — ^The soil along La Sal creek is very fertile and the valley is occupied for its entire length by settlers. In other parts the soil in this township is good, but too rocky for cultivation. There are several uranium prospects in this district. On the hills there is a heavy growth of cedar and pinons, with a scattering growth of pines. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, forty miles. Tor township 46 N., ranges 9 to 20 W. see San Miguel county. MORGAN COUNTY STERLING LAND DISTRICT— Area Vacant Lands, 52,135 Acres. DENVER LAND DISTRICT— Area Vacant Lands, 27,540 Acres. Morgan county is located in northeastern Colorado. It is thirty-six miles square. It is crossed east and west by the South Platte river. A por- tion of the county is valley land under irrigation and in a high state of culti- vation. Fort Morgan is the county seat, and is a prosperous town of about 3,000. The next town of importance is Brush, with a population of 1,000. The pop- ulation of the entire county is 10,000. Morgan county has good railroad facilities; has sugar beet factories and is an industrious district. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Wheat and other grains $350,000.00 Hay and forage crops 400,000.00 Vegetables 100,000.00 Sugar beets 500,000.00 STERLING LAND DISTRICT. Township 1 N., R. 55 W.— The surface of this township is rolling prairie. Beaver creek runs across it, along which there are a few scattered cottonwoods. The soil is a sandy loam covered with a good growth of buffalo grass. This land is suitable for farming. Value, $12 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Ten miles from arilroad. Township 2 N., R. 55 W. — The surface is generally high and rolling. This land is a good cattle range and is covered with natural bunch and buffalo g-ass. The soil is a sandy loam. There is no surface water excepting in Big eaver creek, in the extreme western portion. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Four miles from the railroad. Township 3 N., R. 55 W. — The surface is gently rolling. The soil is quite sandy and is covered with a good growth of grass. Not considered desirable for anything but grazing. Value, $9 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. The railroad crosses this township. Township 4 N., R. 55 W. — The South Platte river crosses the northwestern corner of this township. The vacant lands are in the southeastern portion. The soil here is undulating and sandy; it is covered with sand grass and other grasses. Value of vacant land, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,200 feet. Three railroads cross this township. Township 5 N., R. 55 W. — The surface is generally rolling. The South Platte river and railroad cross the southeast corner. The vacant lands are in the central portion. The surface of these is rolling. The soil is sandy and covered with a good growth of grass. No surface water. Value, $10 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Township 6 N., R. 55 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land. The soil is a cla^ loan), It is a |ood grazing section. No surface water or timber. Morgan County 239 Value, $10 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 Inches. Elevation, 4,300 feet. Two miles from railroad. Township 1 N., R. 56 W.— The surface is gently rolling prairie land. The soil is a light sandy loam. There is good grazing. No surface water. The an- nual rainfall is 10 to 15 inches. Elefvation, 4,600 feet. Value, $12 to $15 per acre. Eleven miles from railroad. Township 2 N., R. 56 W. — The surface is rolling and hilly exceijting along Beaver creek. There are some bad sand hills on which the land is of little value. In other parts there are level lands. Good grazing everywhere. Value, $4 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Five miles from railroad. Township 3 W., R. 56 W. — The surface of this township is partially level and partly hilly. The soil is a sandy loam. There is no surface water, ex- cepting along Beaver creek, which runs through the eastern portion. This township is crossed by the railroad. There is some irrigated land in it. Value, $10 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Township 5 N., R. 56 W. — The surface is rolling prairie. This township, is crossed diagonally by the Riverside canal. The vacant lands are on the north- ern side above the canal. The soil is good sandy loam. There is no surface water. It is fine grazing land. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Two miles from railroad. Township 6 N., R. 56 W. — The surface is gently rolling prairie land. The soil is a black sandy loam covered with buffalo grass and cactus. This is good agricultural land. No surface water. Value, $10 to $20 per acre. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Four miles from railroad. Township 5 N., R. 57 W. — The surface is undulating. The soil is a sandy loam covered with good grass. There is surface water in places. Value, $10 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Four miles from railroad. Township 6 N., R. 57 W. — The surface is undulating. The soil is a clay loam covered with buffalo grass and cactus in places. There is no surface water. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,600 feet. Six miles from railroad. Township 5 N., R. 58 W. — The surface is generally hilly. The soil varies from a clay loam to a sandy loam. Some portions of this township are suit- able for cultivation and can be irrigated. Good grazing over the entire town- ship. Value, $6 to $18 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Two miles from railroad. Township 6 N., R. 58 W.— In the northern portion the surface is compar- atively level; but broken in the southern part. The soil is a clay loam. It is fair grazing land. There is some timber along Wild Cat creek and in the gulches. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Eleva- tion, 4,600 feet. Six miles from railroad. Township 5 N., R. 59 W. — The surface is undulating. The soil is a clay- loam. There is a good growth of buffalo and gramma grasses. Good build- ing stone on sections 1 and 2, with indications of iron on the surface. Value, $12 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. The railroad runs through the southern portion of this township. Township 6 N., R. 59 W. — In the central portion the surface is slightly rolling, with a loamy soil. It is good for grazing. The eastern portion is 240 Morgan Countt rolling, with a very sandy soil, covered with sage brush and grass, Wild Cat creek has water in a number of places. Value, $9 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Five miles from railroad. DENVER LAND DISTRICT. Township 1 N., R. 57 W.— The surface is undulating; some portions fairly level. The soil varies from a sandy loam to a clay loam; it is covered with a fair growth of native grasses. There is no surface water aside from the Badger creek. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Fourteen miles from the railroad. Township 2 N., R. 57 W. — The surface varies from level to rolling prairie; the soil from clay loam to sandy loam. There is a good natural growth of grass. No surface water. Some portions of the land are especially good, and natural hay can be cut. Value, $10 to $25 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Six miles from the railroad. Township 3 N., R. 57 W. — The southern portion of this township, in which the vacant lands are located, is high rolling prairie land. The soil is quite sandy. Fairly good grazing. No surface water. Value, $9 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. One mile from the railroad. Township 4 N., R. 57 W. — The South Platte river crosses the southern portion of this township; also the railroad. Most of this township is irrigated. The soil is a sandy loam. The vacant lands are above the irrigation ditches. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,400 feet. Township 1 N., R. 58 W. — The surface is generally rolling; there are some level portions and some hilly portions. The spil is sandy, covered with native grasses. Fair grazing. There is no surface water. Value, $5 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Eleven miles from railroad. Township 2 N., R. 58 W. — The surface of this township is generally roll- ing, with sand hills in places. The soil is sandy in some parts and clay loam in others. This land is of little value except for stock-raising purposes. Value, $3.50 to $6 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Five miles from railroad. Township 3 N., R. 58 W. — The surface of this township is a level, sandy prairie; the northern portions are irrigated; the southern portion above the irrigated lands is level. The soil is a sandy loam. Value, $12 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. This township is crossed by railroad. Township 4 N., R. 58 W. — This township lies in a well settled irrigated district. The only vacant lands are worthless, lying in the sandy bottoms of the Platte river. Township 1 N., R. 59 W. — The surface varies from level to undulating; the soil from clay to sandy loam. There is good grazing. No surface water excepting in Bijou creek part of the year. Value, $9 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Fifteen miles from railroad. Township 2 N., R. 59 W. — The surface is undulating. The soil is sandy and covered with native grasses. Fair grazing. There is no water for stock or irrigation. Value, $9 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Ele- vation, 4,700 feet. Five miles from the railroad. Morgan County 241 Township 3 N., K. 59 W. — The surface is generally undulating. The soil is very sandy. There is a fair growth of sand and other grasses. There is no surface water. Value, $10 to $16 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. The railroad crosses the northern portion of this town- ship. Township 1 N., H. 60 W. — The land in this township' is principally second rate. It makes excellent pasture. The surface is slightly' rolling. Loamy soil in parts; other parts, adobe and gumbo. Water stands in ponds after the rainy season. Value, $3.50 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Eight miles from the railroad. To'wnship 3 N., R. 60 W. — The surface is slightly rolling. The soil is a sandy loam; sandy in some places. There is good grazing and some natural hay land. This township is crossed diagonally by the railroad. Some of the lands can be irrigated. Value, $7.50 to $25 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 4 N., R. 60 W. — This township is crossed by the South Platte river. What little vacant land there is, is south of the river and of little value. Township 5 N., R. 60 W. — The surface is prairie land, slightly rolling. This is first-class grazing land, and is cov^ered with gramma, buffalo grass and cactus. The southern portion of this township is irrigated. There is building stone in the northeast corner. Value, $7 to $20 per acre. Annual ranifall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,600 feet. Six miles from the railroad. OTERO COUNTY PUEBLO LAND DISTRICT— Area Vacant Land, 277,717 Acres. Otero county is located in the southeastern portion of Colorado and is crossed by the Arkansas river. The river valley is very wide and fertile in this county. The county seat is La Junta, with a population of 4,500. Other important and well known towns are: Kocky Ford, the birthplace of the famous Rocky Ford cantaloupe, with a population of 3,500; Manzanola, with a population of 500, and Swink, with a population of 350. Total population, 14,000. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products of Otero county is as follows: Sugar beets $ 700,000.00 Wheat and other grains 350,000.00 Hay 900,000.00 Vegetables , 350,000.00 Fruits and other crops 1,000,000.00 Township 21 S., E. 54 W.— The surface is a level prairie, slightly rolling in places. The soil is adobe in some places and sandy in others. It is rich, heavjr soil with enough loam to make it work well. A corner of the town- ship is touched by railroad. Value, $7.50 to $15 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 22 S., B. 54 W.— The surface is generally level. The soil is of medium quality, covered with good grass. No surface water. A consid- erable portion of this township is under irrigation. Value, $6 to $15 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 23 S., R. 54 W. — ^In this township there are fine bottom lands along the Arkansas river; above these are low hills and bunch lands. There is some timber along the river. The soil is light clay and gravelly. Railroad crosses the township. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. 54 W. — ^The vacant lands in this township are in the central and southern part, where the land is partially hilly and partially high plains. The land is of indifferent quality and is poor for grazing. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. This township is crossed by the railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 25 S., R. 54 W. — The surface is rolling and mostly hills of lime- stone formation; there are also indications of iron. In some portions the soil is very good. Plenty of water. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Six miles from the railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 26 S., R. 54 W. — The northwestern portion is a rolling prairie; the balance, excepting along the Las Animas river, is quite broken and rocky. Along the river is nine miles of bottom land from one and one-half to two miles in width. The soil is rich and fertile. All of this land is under culti- vation. The open lands are in general of inferior quality, covered with a considerable growth of scrub cedar, suitable only for grazing. Value, $3.50 to 17 per acre. Ten mile« from railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Ele- ratioii, 4,600 feet. Otero County 348 Township 27 S., R. 54 W.— The eastern one-third of this township is com- paratively level. The soil is first rate with abundance of water for graring. The other part is only good for stock raising. The soil in the uplands is a light clay loam. There is a fair growth of native grasses, treecactus and a few scrub cedars. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Eighteen miles from railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 22 S., R. 55 W.— The vacant lands in this township are in the northern and western portions. They are principally rolling mesa lands. The soil is a sandy loam with a fair stand of buffalo grass. There is no surface water. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Railroad crosses the southern portion of this township. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 leet. Township 23 S., R. 55 W. — The only vacant lands in this township lie in the bluffs on the northern side of the Arkansas river. Value, $3.50 per acre. The railroad crosses the township. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. 55 W. — The vacant lands in this township are in the southern portion in the rough and broken lands above the Otero canal. This township 18 crossed by railroad. Value, $4 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 25 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is rolling prairie land broken by numerous arroyos in which water may be found. There is good grazing over the entire township. Destitute of timber. The soil is a sandy loam. One mile from railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 26 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is undulating mesa land, rolling in places. The soil is loamy with a fair growth of native grasses. There is no surface water. Some scrub cedars. Five miles from railroad. Value, $6 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 27 S., R. 55 W. — The surface is principally high rolling prairie land, hilly in places. This township is crossed by the Picket Wire river, which runs through a canyon. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 22 S., R. 56 W. — The surface of this township is slightly roll- ing. Only the two southern tiers of sections are included in Otero county. They are gently undulating prairie lands above the irrigation canals along the Arkansas river. The soil is light clay loam. There is no surface water for stock although the ground is covered with good grasses. Railroad crosses the southeastern comer of the township. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 25 S., R. 56 W. — This township is crossed diagonally by a rail, road. The surface is partly level and partly rolling prairie. The soil is a good clay loam and adapted for grazing purposes and for the cultivation of wheat and other grains. There is a fair stand of native buffalo grass. Value, $8 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 26 S., R. 56 W. — The surface is rolling land, sloping north- ward. This section at the present time is unfenced open range and used for sheep grazing. There is a fair amount of poor timber. Some water. The soil is a heavy clay loam; it might be suitable for wheat. One mile from the railreft4i SleTSition, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. 244 Otero Cottntt Township 27 S., R. 56 W.— This township is located at the crest of a mesa, sloping gradually to the north. It ia broken by some deep and roug[h canyons and perpendicular bare rock cliffs. A small portion is rolling prairie land. The soil varies from light clay loam to gravelly. There are scattering cedars. There is some surface water. Located six miles from railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Township 23 S., R. 57 W.— This township lies principally in the Arkansas valley. Adjoining on the east is the town of Rocky Ford. All of the northern portion of this township is under irrigation and a high state of cultivation. The vacant lands are above the canal in the southern portion of the town- ship. They are undulating with loamy soil covered with a fair growth of grasses. Value, $10 to $15 per acre. Railroad crosses the northeast corner of the township. Eleyation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 24 S., R. 57 W.— The surface of this township is principally un- dulating prairie land. The soil is covered with a fair growth of native grasses. The eastern portion of this township is under irrigation and is highly cul- tivated. Four miles from railroad. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 25 S., R. 57 W. — The uplands of this township, in which the vacant lands accur, are rolling and rather rough and gravelly. The soil is a ssiudy loam in some portions. Dry creek is dry by nature as well as by name. Railroad crosses the southeast comer of the township, as does the Santa Fe Trail automobile route. Value, $8 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 26 S., R. 57 W. — This township is crossed diagonally by the railroad and Timpas creek. There is very little running water in the creek but there are standing pools. The surface is generally rolling with some bluffs and limestone bills in the central portion. There are some natural hay lands. This township affords good grazing. There are a few cottonwoods along Timpas creek. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 27 S., R. 57 W. — At the present time this township is a sheep- grazing country, although in the center of the township the land is of fair quality. The soil is loamy and covered with grasses. Along the southern . boundary limestone bluffs break the surface. Here the soil is gravelly. There are a few scrub cedars. Not much surface water. The grass is fairly good throughout the township. Two miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Township 22 S., R. 58 W. — ^This township lies principally in the fertile Arkansas valley. It is crossed by the Arkansas river and railroad. The va- cant lands are in the extreme southern part of the township and above the high line canal. The soil is of very poor quality here but provides fair pas- turage. Value, $6 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 23 S., R. 58 W. — ^This township is fairly level, sloping gently to the north. Some portions of it are under irrigation. The soil is good clay loam, with a fair stand of buffalo grass. One mile from railroad. Value, $5 to $12 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Township 24 S., R. 58 W. — Most of this township is under irrigation, es- pecially the prairie lands. Some of it is high, arid, rolling land without sur- tace water, value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located six miles from railroad. An- nual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,S00 feet. Otbko County 5i46 Township 25 S., R. 58 W.— The sufface of this township is gently rolling prairie land. Good clay loam soil. No surface water but abundance of good grass. Located three miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 26 S., R. 58 W.— The . surface of this township is fairly level, sloping gently to the east. The southeast corner is crossed by Timpas creek and railroad. The soil is light clay loam. There is surface water in the creeks and in large pools of standing water. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Annual rain- fall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Township 27 S., R. 58 W.— This township is crossed diagonally by Timpas creek and railroad. The soil along Timpas creek is good. In the other portion of the township the surface is broken. Indifferent soil with lime ridges. There is a scattered growth of cedar and pinon. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Eelvation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 23 S., R. 59 W. — There is very little vacant land in this town- ship. It is located in the northern portion just above Eocky Ford high line canal. The surface is rolling prairie land and rough hills. Fair grazing. Three miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 4,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 24 S., R. 59 W. — The eastern portion of this township, in which the vacant lands occur, is a rolling prairie. The soil is of fair quality and well adapted to stock raising. Portions of this township are irrigated. Nine miles from railroad. Value, $S to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 16 inches. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Township 25 S., R. 59 W. — Most of this township is rolling prairie land with a fair stand of buffalo grass. No water except along Apishapa river in the northeastern portion of the township. The lands in the river bottoms are very fine. Six miles from railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 4,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 26 S., R. 59 W. — Portions of this township are rough and hilly; other parts nice rolling prairie land. The soil is gravelly. There is no surface water. Good stand of grass, affording excellent grazing. Nearly the entire township could be considered as elevated table land. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 4,800 feet. Township 27 S., R. 59 W. — This township is rather hilly and broken. It is crossed diagonally by railroad. There is no running water, but good springs. A scant growth of poor timber. Very little land here suitable for cultivation, but good grazing country. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Elevation, 5,000 feet. OURAY COUNTY MONTROSE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 250,917 Acres. Ouray county is located in the southwestern part of Colorado, on the northern slope of the San Juan mountains. The extreme southern part of the county is high up in the mountains, in a gold and silver mining district. There is considerable agricultural land in the valley of the Uncompahgre river. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products of this county is as follows: Wheat and grains $ 75,000.00 Hay 150,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 50,000.00 Population of the county is only 3,800. Eighteen hundred people live in Ouray, the county seat. Ouray is a mining camp located in a picturesque valley walled in by almost perpendicular cliffs. Township 45 N., R. 7 W. — The surface of this township is rolling, broken land covered with a dense growth of brush. The soil is mostly of poor qual- ity, although there is some good ranch land wherever it is possible to irrigate. There are some large fir trees. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, over 25 inches. Located two miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 46 N., R. 7 W. — This is a mountainous district. The soil throughout is mostly good, but on account of the roughness of the surface and the altitude, it is of little value. It is, however, an excellent grazing dis- trict. There are numerous coal indications. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,600 to 8,000 feet. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 44 N., R. 8 W. — The surface of this township is very rough and broken, excepting for the narrow valley along the Uheompaghre river. The southern part is above timber line. There is an abundant growth of spruce and aspen tiniber on the mountain sides. Elevation, 7,500 to 14,000 feet. An- nual rainfall, over 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This section is crossed by a railroad. Ouray, the county seat, is located on the southern portion of this township and is surrounded by gold and silver mines. Township 45 N., R. 8 W. — This township is mostly mountainous, except along the river valley, where there is considerable fine irrigated land. There is fairly good grazing land in other portions of the township. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, above 25 inches. A railroad crosses this section. Township 46 N., R. 8 W.— The surface is mountainous. It is well watered by several creeks. There is very fertile valley land along the Uncompahgre and tributary streams. Fine grazing lands in the surrounding hills, together with coal and mineral claims. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This township is crossed by a railroad. Township 44 N., R. 9 W. — The surface of this township is mountainous, and for the most part is covered with a dense growth of spruce, aspen and balsam timber, with oak thickets. This district contains fa&ly good grazing Ouray County 247 land. A railroad crosseB this Bection. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 2fi inches. Value, $3.60 to $5 per acre. Township 45 N., R. 9 W. — ^In this district there is a little good farming land along the west fork of the Dallas creek. The rest of the township is rocky and considered poor grazing land, being covered with scrub timber and brush, except on top of the mesa, where there is some good pine timber. A railroad crosses this section. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall over 25 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. This district is crossed by a railroad. Township 46 N., R. 9 W. — This entire township lies on top of a high mesa, about 8,000 to 9,000 feet above the river. In general it is covered with good pine timber and fine grass. There are a few springs, but no running streams. The surface is gently or abruptly rolling, and is badly cut up by precipitous canons. Some portions of this district are being farmed. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. PARK COUNTY LEADVILLE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 372,69S Acres. Park county, commonly called South Park, is a high rolling prairie, bounded on the west by a high mountain range and on the east by the less high but very broken Tarryall range of mountains. The elevation of Park county makes it suitable only for stock raising. There is a large area of irrigated land in the county, on which very fine hay is raised. The approximate value, per year, of the agricultural products of Park county, is as follows: Grains $ 25,000.00 Hay 400,000.00 Vegetables and other crops 25,000.00 A large part of this county is included in the Pikes Peak National forest. The vacant lands are rolling prairie grazing lands of fair quality. There are no towns of any size in the county. Fairplay, the county seat, has a popula- tion of less than 300, and is the largest. While this is a very large county, the total population is only 2,500. Township 14 S., R. 71 W. — This township lies in a broken, mountainous country, and consists of good hay land along the creeks; some of this land could be cultivated. The soil is generally good, and the grazing, also. A por- tion of the township is very rough and mountainous, and covered with scatter- ing pine trees. Located five miles from a railroad. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 15 S., R. 71 W. — This township lies just west of the Cripple Creek mining district, and is a rough and mountainous country. There is a little agricultural land in the narrow valleys. Most of this township affords only poor grazing. Value, $3.50 to $7 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located twenty-five miles from a railroad. Township 6 S., R. 72 W. — This is a decidedly mountainous district. There are some small areas of farming lands in the natural parks and in the valleys of Elk and Deer creeks. Elevation, 9,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six miles from a railroad. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Considerable timber is to be found in a portion of this township; the rest con- tains only burnt timber. Township 7 S., R. 72 W. — This township embraces a considerable amount of fine farming land, most of which is already occupied. In the southwestern portion there is some excellent timber. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Crossed by a railroad. Township 14 S., R. 72 W. — This township is a good grazing district, but is too high for farming. Elevation, 8,500 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Part consists of level land and rolling hills, and is covered with a scattering growth of timber, principally pine and spruce. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Located three miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, IS to 20 inches. Township 15 S., R. 72 W. — ^A rolling, hilly, mountainous township. There are some fine, but narrow strips of arable land along the creeks. This is a Park County 249 good dairying and stock raising district. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Townsbip 6 S., R. 73 W. — This is a mountainous township, mostly included in the Pikes Peak National forest. Along Deer and Elk creeks, in the south- eastern corner, is the only portion outside of the forest. There are some nice farm lands in this portion, and some excellent white pine timber. The grazing is good. Value, $3.50 to $8 per acre. Located six miles from a railroad. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Township 11 S., R. 73 W.— The southwestern portion of this township is the only part not included in the Pikes Peak National forest. Lying in the South Park, this is rolling prairie land. The grazing is good. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Located five miles from a railroad. Township 12 S., R. 73 W. — The northeastern portion of this township is mountainous and included in the Pikes Peak National forest. The balance is dry, level prairie, covered with a scant growth of buffalo and bunch grass. There are nice bottoms along the South Platte river. This district is too high for farming, but excellent for hay ranches and stock raising. A railroad crosses this township. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 73 W.— There is a small area of good bottom land along the South Platte river. The interior of the township is covered with low, rocky hills, with a scattering growth of buffalo and bunch grass. There is some spruce and pine timber in the lower tier of sections, but of poor qual- ity. This district is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 14 S., R. 73 W. — ^The northern portion of this township is moun- tainous. The southern portion is rolling and hilly, with some narrow strips of arable land along Current creek. There is a scattering growth of pine and spruce timber throughout this district. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township IS S., R. 73 W. — Considerable of this township is suitable for hay ranches. There is a scattering growth of pine and spruce timber. The grazing is good throughout. Elevation, 8,500 to 9,000 feet. The surface is generally rolling and hilly. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located ten miles from a railroad. Township 10 S., R. 74 W. — The eastern portion of this township is very rough and mountainous, and is included in the Pikes Peak National forest. The western portion is rolling prairie country. There is only one small stream of running water in this district. There are many springs which sink before flowing very far. This is an excellent stock range. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 11 S., R. 74 W. — The northeastern corner of this township is rough and mountainous. The remainder lies in the South Park district, and is composed of smooth, rolling hills. The grazing is fair. Where water can be found, vegetables are raised. There is some pme, spruce and aspen timber. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 12 S., R. 74 W. — This township consists of rolling prairie land in the South Park district, and is crossed by the South Platte river and a rail- 250 Park Cotjittt road. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. There is excellent pasture land here. The growth of native bunch and buffalo grass is good. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Township 13 S., R. 74 W. — This township is located in the South Park district, and is traversed by ridges of low, stony hills, with some rocky peaks in, the western portion. There are good hay bottoms along Buffalo slough and Three Mile creek. The timber is scattering pine and spruce of inferior quality. Water is very scarce and strongly alkaline. Outside of the bottom lands the soil is unfit for cultivation. Grazing is poor in this district. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Located two miles from a railroad. Elevation, 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 14 S., R. 74 W. — This is a mountainous township traversed by ridges of rocky hills, and is mostly included in the Pikes Peak National forest. This land is not suitable for farming, on account of the scarcity of water and the extreme elevation of 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Located eight miles from a railroad. Township 15 S., R. 74 W. — This is a rough, broken, mountainous town- ship, mostly included in the Pikes Peak National forest. The soil is sandy and of poor quality. There is a fair growth of natural buffalo and bunch grass. The timber consists of a scattering growth of pine, pinon and quaking aspen. The eastern and central portions are watered by creeks and springs. Value, $5 to $8 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 7 S., R. 75 W. — The southern portion of this township lies in the South Park district, and consists of excellent land on which large quantities of hay are cut. It also includes a large area of bogland, which is at present valueless. Outside of the bogs, the prairies and meadows are very desirable. Most of the township is included in the Pikes Peak National forest, and is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 8 S., R. 75 W. — This township is partially hilly, with wide hay bottoms along Michigan and Jefferson creeks. This is an excellent stock rais- ing country. A railroad crosses this township. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 9 S., R. 75 W. — The southeastern portion is mountainous and contains good timber. The western tier of sections in the northwestern corner is rolling in character and without timber. The rest of the township is rough and hilly, with some good timber scattered over it. There are some mineral indications in this district. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 10 S., R. 75 W. — The surface is generally low hills, covered with a good quality of pine, spruce and aspen trees scattered in small groves. The soil is a sandy loam, covered with a fair stand of buffalo and gramma grasses. Elevation, 9,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 11 S., R. 75 W. — Through the northeastern portion of this town- ship there are ranges of high hills, sparsely covered with pine and spruce timber. This is an arid township, the ravines being usually dry. There is water in the Platte river, which crosses the southwestern corner, and along this stream there are some hay bottoms. The soil is in general loamy, with a fair growth of grass. Located two miles from a railroad. Elevation, 9,000 to 10,0 cated fifteen miles from railroad. Elevation, 5,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 2 N., R. 104 W. — A rolling and hilly district, covered with a dense growth of sage brush and some scrub cedar. Plenty of good grass but no surface water. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Located twenty miles from railroad. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 1 S., R. 104 W.— Not surveyed. RIO GRANDE COUNTY DEL NORTE LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 108,293 Acres. Rio Grande county is in the south-central portion of Colorado. The east- ern boundary of this county is in thej San Luis valley and the western boundary lies in the San Juan mountains. The metropolis and principal city of Rio Grande county is the enterpris- ing town of Monte Vista, with a population of 3,000. Del Norte, the county seat, has a population of 1,000. The total population for the county is about 7,000. There are large areas of irrigated land in the valleys in this county, raising grain, sugar beets, field peas and potatoes. No better farm lands anywhere than those of Rio Grande county. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products of this county is as follows: Wheat and other grain $800,000.00 Hay 350,000.00 Sugar beets and potatoes 350,000.00 Town^ip 40 N., R. 3 E. — All of this township, except eight sections in the southeastern corner, is included in the Rio Grande national forest. The Rio Grande Del Norte river and railroad cross this township. There are little valleys and small mesas on which the land is very rich, and produces abundant crops when irrigated, and there are small streams where water can be im- pounded. Along the Rio Grande Del Norte river there is a narrow valley, banked by rolling, pinon covered hills. The vacant lands in this valley are nearly all taken up. Value of other lands, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 39 N., R. 4 E. — The surface of this township is rough and mountainous; the greater portion being heavily timbered and included in the Rio Grande national forest. There is some mesa land that is rich and re- sponds to irrigation with abundant crops. The vacant lands are all suitable for grazing, covered with more or less timber. Well watered. Value, $5 per acre. A railroad runs close by this township. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 20 inches. Township 40 N., R. 4 E.— The valley lands along the river are excellent bottom lands; the uplands are covered with good grass and scattering pinon. The vacant lands comprise a very attractive country, but are mostly unsuited for agriculture. There are little valleys and mesas throughout this township that are very rich and produce abundant crops under irrigation. This is a good stock grazing district. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Crossed by railroad. Township 39 N., R. 5 E. — The unappropriated lands in this township are rough and mountainous, covered with scrubby timber and usually suUable only for grazing purposes. Although scattered throughout, there is con- siderable quantity of mesa land that has good soil and produces well under irrigation. Elevation, 8,000 to 10,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Well watered. Value, $5 per acre. Distance from railroad, two miles. Rio Grande County 279 Township 40 N., R. 5 E. — ^In this township there is a considerable amount of rich mesa land that will yield large crops under irrigation and several rich valleys. The Eio Grande Del Norte river and railroad crosses the southern portion of this township. The vacant lands are in the northern portion, they are mostly in the foothills, but with very little surface water. The soil is generally good. Value, $5 to $7 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Eleva- tion, 8,000 feet. Township 37 N., R. 6 E.— Throughout this township there are little val- leys which are very rich. The greater portion of this district is included in the Rio Grande national forest. Only a small fraction, including less than six square miles, is vacant in the northeastern portion. The soil is good and there is fine grass. Value, $5 to $6 per acre. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Distance from a railroad, ten miles. Township 38 N., R. 6 E. — This township is unusual for its good soil, good grass and fine timber. Along the bottom lands the feed is exceedingly good. The timber is mostly fine pinon and cedar. Throughout there are small val- leys and mesas. This is an excellent grazing section. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Distance from railroad, three miles. Township 39 N., R. 6 E. — This township is principally located in the foot- hills. There is no agricultural land excepting along Brown's creek and a little along the northern boundary of the township. There is some mesa land in this district that is very rich. The rest is hilly and very rocky. There are patches of pinon well scattered along the hills. Crossed by a railroad. Water for irrigation can be impounded from the small streams which run through this township. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Township 40 N., R. 6 E. — The southern and eastern portion of this town- ship consists of fine agricultural lands in the valley of the Rio Grande Del Norte river. The northwestern corner is cut up by short mountain ranges, forming grazing lands of fair quality. The vacant lands are mostly rich mesas, which only require irrigation to produce abundantly. Del Norte is located in the southwestern corner of this township. A good market and railroad town. This township is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Value, $5 per acre. Township 37 N., R. 7 E. — Except in the extreme eastern part of this town- ship the surface is generally rough and broken. It is lightly timbered with spruce, aspen and cedar timber, containing a little grass. There is a con- siderable quantity of level rich soil susceptible of irrigation. However, some parts are open and gravelly, with second rate soil; others fair grazing land. Value, |5 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Elevation, 8,000 to 9,000 feet. Distance nom railroad, seven miles. Township 38 N., R. 7 E. — The western half of this township is hilly and mountainous and of no value for cultivation; the eastern half is good farm- ing land and quite valuable. There is a considerable quantity of rich, fairly level soil, which will produce heavily under irrigation. Value of vacant lands, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. Distance from railroad, one mile. Township 39 N., R. 7 E. — This township consists principally of valley land, crossed by the railroad and Rio Grande Del Norte river. The vacant lands are in the hills on the western edge and are principally grazing lands; how- ever, there is some vacant lands on rich mesas which are fairly level. Value, $5 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 inches. ROUTT COUNTY 6LENW00D LAND DISTRICT— Area of Vacant Lands, 32S,694 Acres. Routt county is located in the northwestern portion of Colorado, adjoining the Wyoming state line. This county has within the last few years been reached by a railroad. Up to that time it was so remote from transportation fsleilities that it was only occupied by stockmen. This district is well watered and well timbered, with a considerable area of available farm land. It is also an important coal mining seciton, having very large deposits of bituminous and some anthracite coal. There are some mineral indications in the mountains on the Great Continental Divide, forming the eastern boundary of the county. The total population of Routt county is only about 6,000, of which 1,500 live in Steamboat Springs, the county seat. This is a new country, just being developed, and certain to become important later. The approximate value per year of the agricultural products is as follows : Wheat and other grains $300,000.00 Hay 500,000.00 Potatoes and other vegetables 75,000.00 Township 1 S., R. 83 W. — This township is well watered by Rock and Egeria creeks and their tributaries. There is considerable good grazing land and some good bottom lands along the streams. Timber is quite plentiful throughout. This district is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 to 9^000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 1 N., H. 84 W. — This township is mountainous in the southern and eastern parts, and rolling and broken in the northern and western por- tions. There are some bottom lands along Toponas and Egeria creeks. The soil is sandy and second rate. This is a good grazing district. Along the southern boundary, the surface is rocky and covered with pine, spruce and aspen timber. This is a well watered district. A railroad crosses the town- ship. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 2 N., R. 84 W. — This township is all included in the Routt national forest, with the exception of a small area in the southwestern corner, where the railroad crosses it. The soil is a sandy loam of fair quality. This district is well watered by several good streams. The timber is scattering and not very good, consisting of pine, spruce, flr, aspen and cedars. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 4 N., R. 84 W. — This township contains some very good bottom lands along the Bear river, but most of the surface is rough and mountainous. The eastern portion is included in the Routt national forest, and is very pre- cipitious and covered with timber. There is fair grazing in the hills. Vsuue, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township S N., R. 84 W. — There are good farming lands along the bottom of the Bear river. The western portion is generally dry, rolling, sage brush land. The eastern portion is mountainous and included in the national forest. Routt County 281 Value, $6 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. This district is crossed by a railroad. Township 6 N., R. 84 W. — Steamboat Springs, the county seat, is located in this township, which is crossed by the Bear river and railroad. The eastern portion is mountainous and covered with timber. There are fine bottom lands along the Bear river and Walton creek. The uplands west of the Bear river also contain good farming land. There are many springs in this township, both hot and cold, some of them being mineralized. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Township 7 N., R. 84 W. — In general this is a high, mountainous township. It is weU covered with timber. There is some good grass along Soda creek, in the southwestern corner, the only section not included in the national forest. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Three miles from a railroad. Township 1 S., R. 84 W. — This is rather a steep, hilly township, just north of the Grand river. It is well watered by many small streams, none of which have bottom lands of suflBcient width for farming. A railroad crosses a corner of this township. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Value, $3.50 to $10 per acre. Township 1 N., R. 85 W. — The south and western portions are mountain- ous, the elevation there being 9,000 feet and above. This portion is covered with a good growth of timber. In other portions along Egeria creek there are bottom lands of fair quality. In what is known as Egeria park is a good grazing district. Elevation, 8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 2 N., R. 85 W. — ^While this township contains some first-class lands, it is mostly hilly and mountainous. The soil along Bear river is fertile and very productive when irrigated. The hilly portion is well covered with an excellent growth of short grass. The eastern and southwestern portions are quite mountainous and well watered, being a naturally good grazing district. A railroad crosses this section. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Value, $4 to $10 per acre. Township 3 N., R. 85 W. — ^Where the land is level enough to permit its being farmed, excellent crops are raised, as the soil is deep and fertile. The township is generally broken by hills and mesas. East of the river, there is some good timber, and west of the river the timber is stunted. There is plenty of water for irrigation. The township is crossed by a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 4 N., R. 85 W. — This is a mountainous township, naturally covered with timber and brush. There is a very narrow valley along which Bear river and a railroad runs. The township is well watered by numerous streams. It is a fair grazing district. Coal mines are located here. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 5 W., R. 85 W. — This township is composed principally of hilly land, covered with good grass and well watered. There is considerable bottom land of good quality. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. A railroad crosses this district. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 6 N., R. 85 W. — This township is underlaid with coal deposits. Bear river and a railroad crosses the northern portion. The soil is a clay loam, on a rocky subsoil. There is no timber, but an undergrowth of oak, sage and service brush. This land is suitable for farming, both with and without irri- 282 RoTJTT County sation. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 7 N., R. 85 W. — This township is located just north of the Bear river, and is crossed by the Big Elk river, the bottoms of which are fine, wide, level agricultural lands. Some of the bench lands adjoining the river are suit- able for irrigation. A small portion of the area is mountainous, containing little timber. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rain- fall, 20 to 25 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Township 8 N., R. 85 W. — This township is generally hilly. It is abund- antly watered by two large streams and numerous tributaries. This district is well timbered, and contains considerable agricultural and pasture lands. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Located seven miles from a, railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 9 N., R. 85 W.^All of this township is considered as fine pasture land, and a considerable portion of it is good bottom land, lying along the streams. This is a well watered township. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 20 to 25 inches. Most of this township is included in the Routt national forest. Located twelve miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 1 S., R. 85 W. — This township raises gradually from the Grand river on the south to an elevation of 9,000 feet in the northern portion. There is good soil along Sunshine creek. The greater portion of the township consists of good grazing lands. The northern portion is heavily timbered. This section is well watered by small creeks and brooks. Located five miles from a rail- road. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 10 to 15 inches. Township 3 N., R. 86 W. — ^A mountainous township. There are massive coal bearing strata of sandstone throughout, which are exposed by erosion along the deeper canons. This district is well watered by numerous creeks. The soil of the valleys and first benches is generally alluvial and quite exten- sively cultivated. With irrigation, good crops of hay and garden truck can be raised. There is a considerable growth of pine and spruce timber of commercial size in the extreme southwestern portion, which is included in the White River national forest. A dense growth of aspen, small pine, spruce, oak, service brush and cherry- is quite general in other portions. The grass is excellent. Elevation, 7,000 to 9,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Township 4 N., R. 86 W. — This is mostly a, hilly and mountainous town- ship. The southern portion consists of high, sharp, broken divides between Little Trout creek and its tributaries. There is some coal bearing sandstone exposed. There is a narrow valley along Middle creek, and a fairly large valley along Trout creek, which is irrigated and cultivated, but as a rule the water courses are very narrow and the valleys of no agricultural value. There is a considerable growth of young pine and spruce in the southern portion, but no timber of commercial value. A dense covering of oak, service brush, cherry and aspen is general throughout, and a heavy growth of brakes, ferns and common weeds are general in protected spots. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 5 N., R. 86 W. — Twenty Mile Park occupies the central part of this township, being surrounded with rough hills and mesas on the south and eastern sides. The rougher portions are covered with a dense growth of oak, sage and service brush, with here and there groves of young aspens. The Routt Countt 288 rolling mesas and gentle slopes have a dense growth of sage brush. This is a good grazing section. The soil is mostly a dark clay loam, and offers excellent opportunities for dry farming. There are good meadows along the streams. This township is generally underlaid with coal deposits. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located one mile from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 6 N., R. 86 W. — The surface consists of rolling mesas and valleys along Bear river. On the mesas the soil is a clay loam, four to ten inches deep, while in the river valley it is a sandy clay loam, eighteen to twenty-four inches deep. There is no timber in this district but an undergrowth of sage brush and grass. The surface is generally suited to grazing and farming. Practically the entire township is underlaid with coal depdsits. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. This district is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 inches. Township 7 N., R. 86 W. — There is scarcely any agricultural land in this township, but there is a little stock grazing land. The western portion is almost entirely covered with fine spruce and pine timber. There is a petroleum spring in this township. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located three miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 8 N., R. 86 W. — The southern portion lies along Deep creek, and contains some good agricultural land. The other portions are grazing lands. This township is generally well watered and has a good growth of timber. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 9 N., R. 86 W. — This township is extremely mountainous in character, and not useful except as grazing land. Some good timber is scattered through the southwestern portion. This district is nearly all included in the Koutt national forest. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Elevation, ■8,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $3.50 to $5 per acre. Township 12 N., H. 86 W. — There is considerable good grazing land, and much good agricultural land in this township, which lies on the extreme north- ern boundary of the State, at the headwaters of the Little Snake river. Over a large part there is a magnificent growth of fine timber. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located thirty-five miles from a railroad. Township 4 N., R. 87 W. — This township embraces a portion of the Wil- liams Park. The eastern portion is cut by deep gulches, which carry a little water. This township is well adapted to grazing. There is not much timber in the township, and what there is is small and grows on the ridges. The western portion is well settled. Elevation, 7,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located ten miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township S N., R. 87 W. — In general this township is rough, hilly and mountainous, but opens out into a rolling mesa in sections 4, 5 and 6, and into gently rolling park lands in the southeastern quarter. The hilly portion is covered with brush and some groves of pine and aspen timber. The low, roll- ing portion, has a growth of short sage brush. There is good grass in the valleys and on most of the hill sides. Natural meadow lands are to be found along some of the creeks. Many of the hill sides in the rougher portion are composed of rich clay loam, and the soil is suitable for farming. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located four miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 to 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Township 6 N., R. 87 W. — This township is crossed by the Bear river and a railroad. It is composed of bottom lands, in which the soil is a sandy loam, 284 EouTT County averaging about twenty-four inches deep, and hilly lands and mesas, /with a stiff clay loam. There is considerable farming, both dry and by irrigation, being carried on in the western portion. A fair crop of small grains, such as wheat, oats and rye, are produced in this district. Practically the entire town- ship is underlaid with coal deposits. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 7 N., H. 87 W.— Bear river valley, in the southwestern corner, is prairie land. The eastern half is mountainous, containing a large body of good timber. The western portion is high and rolling, or hilly, and is covered with sage and oak brush. There is good grass in the hills. This township lies in the coal belt. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Two miles from a railroad. Township 8 N., E. 87 W. — This township is well watered in all parts by niunerous small streams, and, although it would be termed mountainous, yet it contains a large amount of pasture land and some fine farm land, as well as a good supply of first-class timber] Located in the coal belt. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Township 11 N., E. 87 W. — This is a very attractive township. Some por- tions are quite mountainous, but the balance is rolling, hilly land, with a fine valley along the South Fork of the Little Snake river and Slaters Fork. Ele- vation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located twenty-five miles from a railroad. Township 12 N., E. 87 W. — Along the valley of Little Snake river there is very good grazing and farming lands. A considerable portion of it is already under cultivation. This is generally a well watered district. Outside of the level valley, the hills contain good grass. There is also plenty of timber. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Township 3 N., E. 88 W. — ^Williams Fork river, which crosses this town- ship in a diagonal direction, is the only stream of considerable size. This is a cold, clear mountain stream, abounding with trout and other fish. There is a sonsiderable amount of heavy pine timber on the mountains. The surface is generally broken, and those portions not covered by heavy pine forests have dense growths of oak brush and wild cherry. The soil along the streams and on the mesas is well adapted to agriculture. Although this township is high in altitude, oats, wheat and all kinds of vegetables do well and mature in good season. Elevation, 7,500 to 9,000 feet. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Towliship 4 N., E. 88 W. — There are good bottom lands and hay meadows along Williams Fork and along some of the creeks. Some parts are very rocky and precipitious, especially in the northern portion, A growth of oak brush is quite general, and there is some timber in the township. This district is well watered and covered with a good growth of grass. Located ten miles from a railroad. Elevation, 7,000 to 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 5 N., E. 88 W. — This is a hilly and mountainous township on the divide between the Williams Fork and Bear river, opening out into gently roll- ing mesas in sections 5, 6, 7, 8 and 18. Many of the hillsides in the mountain- ous portion are composed of rich clay loam soil, suited to dry farming. There is considerable brush and some timber. There is a good growth of grass in the valleys and on most of the hillsides. The creeks may be utilized for irrigation ROTTTT COTJNTT 285 purposes during the rainy season, and by storing water in flood periods. Prac- tically the entire township is underlaid with good coal deposits. Elevation, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located five miles from a railroad. Township 6 N., R. 88 W.— Hayden mesa occupies most of this township. It is mountainous in the southeastern corner, and covered with a dense under- growth of brush. The uncultivated portions of the mesa and valley lands are covered with a dense brush also.. Grass throughout the township is of a good quality. The soil is principally » clay loam, ranging from four to twelve inches, on a clay subsoil. Along the Bear river the soil is sandy loam in character. Practically the entire township is underlaid with coal. This dis- trict is crossed by a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 7 N., R. 88 W. — In general this township is hilly, but easily accessible. This is a fine grazing country. There are some agricultural lands throughout the district. The Bear river and railroad cross along the southern boundary. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 8 N., R. 88 W. — ^Although hilly, this township is well watered and contains a profuse growth of vegetation. The bottom lands along Elk creek are broad and fertile. Considerable hay and produce raised in the valleys. This township is in the coal belt. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Located six miles from a railroad. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 9 N., R. 88 W. — This township is mostly mountainous, and all included in the Routt national forest, except a small strip on the southeastern portion, lying along the Elk Head creek and consisting of an excellent valley. Numerous farms and ranches are located in this valley. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 11 N., R. 88 W. — The southern portion of this township is very mountainous in character, though well watered and timbered, with a good natural growth of grass. Along Slater creek, which is a stream of good size, lies some nice valley land. Located twenty-five miles from a railroad. Eleva- tion, 7,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Township 12 N., R. 88 W. — The northern portion, along Little Snake river, is a very fertile and well watered vaUey, with excellent soil. While the south- ern portion is hilly, it is excellent grazing land, being well watered. This por- tion contains some timber. Value, $5 to $10 per acre. Located thirty miles from a railroad. Elevation, 6,500 feet. Township 3 N., R. 89 W. — The surface is generally mountainous,' with several ridges of sandstone rock crossing the western part. There is very little land suitable for agriculture. This is a good grazing district. Elevation, 8,000 feet. Annual rainfall, 15 to 20 inches. Value, $4 to $8 per acre. Located fifteen miles from a railroad. Township 4 W., R. 89 W. — This township is crossed by Williams Fork river. There is good meadow and pasture land to be found along all the creeks, as well as along the river bottoms. On the surrounding hills, oak, sage and ser- vi