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 E202.3 .A2 
 
 Addresses made at the banquet, given to 
 
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 3 1924 032 755 245 
 
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The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924032755245 
 
Compliments of Dr. UClm. Scwarb Mebb 
 
ADDRESSES 
 
 MADE AT THE BANQUET, GIVEN TO THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 National Society 
 
 Sons of the American I^evolution 
 
 REPRESENTING THE DIFFERENT STATE SOCIETIES OF 
 THAT NAME THROUGHOUT THE UNION, 
 
 Dr. U/illiam Seu/ard U/ebb, 
 
 NEW YORK, MARCH ist, 1890. 
 
 1890 
 
 
//^jzr^i' 
 
 I^CORN 
 
 UNiVER 
 
 \LmRA 
 
 sriY 
 
 PRESS OF 
 
 THE NEW YORK PRINTING COMPANY 
 
 638-638 PEARL STREET 
 
INSIGNIA, 
 
 OF THE SOCIETY' OF THE 
 
 SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 
 
SEAL OF THE NATIO>fAL SOCIETY, 
 SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 
 
Table of Contents. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Title Page, .... . .1 
 
 Insignia, . . . . Ill 
 
 Seal, . . .... V 
 
 Introductort, . . . 9 
 
 Address of Wb^lcome by President-General William Seward 
 
 Webb, . . ... 11 
 
 Address, "The Society and its Objects," by Judge Lucius P. 
 
 Deming, of Connecticut, .... 13 
 
 Address, by Hon. Chauncey M. Depew of New York, . 23 
 
 Rev. Edward Everett Hale of Massachusetts, . 29 
 
 " Rev. D. C. Kelly of Tennessee, . . 35 
 
 " Captain Celables King of Wisconsin, . 39 
 
 " JbHN C. Calhoun, President of the Southern 
 
 Society of New York, . . . 42 
 
 Col. Ethan Allen of New York, . 46 
 
 Hon. Warner Miller of New York, . . .48 
 
 " Major J. C. Kinney of Connecticut, . . 53 
 
 Hon. George G. Benedict of Vermont, . 55 
 
 Gen. J. G. McCullough of Vermont, . 58 
 
 " J. W. Buchanan of Kentucky, . . 61 
 
 Rev. Wm. E. Parsons of Ohio, . 63 
 
 LETTERS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Letter op Hon. Edmond de Lafayette, Senateur de la Rebublio 
 
 Francaise, . . 69 
 
 Hon. Redfield Proctor, . 69 
 
 Hon. W. H. English, . . . 70 
 
 Hon. Simon B. Buckneb, Governor of Kentucky, . 71 
 
 Hon. George F. Edmunds, . . . 72 
 
 Gen. George Crook, . ... 73 
 
 Hon. Robert L . Taylor, Governor of Tennessee, . 74 
 
 Hon. Wayne McVeagh, ... .74 
 
 Hon. W. p. Dillingham, Governor of Vermont, . . 75 
 
 Hon. Stewart L. Woodford, . . 76 
 
 CONSTITUTION, 77 
 
INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 |00N after assuming tte presidency of the 
 National Society of the Sons of tlie American 
 Revolution, believing that it would be to the 
 benefit of the Society, if its widely scattered 
 of&cers and most active members could be 
 brought together, become personally acquainted 
 with each other and compare notes, thus in- 
 creasing the spirit of progress and emulation, Dr. William 
 Seward Webb issued invitations to a banquet at Delmonico's, 
 in New York City, on March 1st, 1890, to the officers and 
 members of the Society of the Sons of the American Revo- 
 lution, in the States in which permanent organizations 
 •existed. Upwards of one hundred sat down to the banquet 
 -and representatives from nearly every one of the twenty- 
 three State Societies were present. Judge Lucius P. Deming, 
 "the first President of the National Society, acted as toast-mas- 
 ter. The addresses made on this occasion and some letters 
 received at this time, will be interesting additions to the 
 literature of the Society and of value in the future. They 
 
10 
 
 have, therefore, been collected and are presented herewith^ 
 together -with a copy of the constitution, and engravings of 
 the seal, insignia of the Society, etc. 
 
 No attempt has been made to amplify the matter included 
 herein. The addresses are simply given in the order in which 
 they "were delivered on that occasion, "with the simple purpose 
 of preserving the thoughts and opinions of some of our promi- 
 nent men on the opportunities and work of our Society, arid. 
 have been published by direction of the President-General, 
 Dr. William Seward Webb. 
 
 New York, April loth, 1890. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 
 AVILIvIAlS/I SEWARD WEBB. 
 
 President-General Webb called the meeting to order for the 
 oratorical part of tbe exercises soon after 9 o'clock. As he 
 rose to speak lie "was tumultuonsly applauded, and was not 
 permitted to proceed until after an unmistakable expression 
 of the bearty and loyal support of tbe representatiTes of tbe 
 S. A. R. of tbe United States. Pausing until tbe bouse bad 
 been restored to order, be said: 
 
 It gives me pleasure to "welcome you allbere tbis eTening; 
 and I desire to extend my tbanks to you, my guests from tbe 
 Soutb and West, "wbo bave done me tbe bonor to come so 
 many miles to be present tbis evening. Our society, as you all 
 "well kno"w, is yet in its infancy — ^bardly started in its career. 
 Tbree montbs ago, "we -were organized in but t"welve States ; 
 to-day, in nearly tbirty ; and I bope before many montbs, tbat 
 "we sball bave a society in every State and Territory in tbe 
 Union. My object in asking you all bere tbis evening is, not 
 only tbat I may bave tbe pri"vilege and pleasure of greeting 
 you all, and bave you bear of tbe good "work already done, 
 and to be done in tbe future, but tbat you, gentlemen, repre- 
 senting societies in different States in tbe Union, may be able 
 to meet one anotber and become better acquainted. 
 
 I believe tbat tbese associations in tbe different States "will 
 be fruitful of great good to our American country in tbe 
 
12 
 
 future, and will serve to keep alive in our minds the deeds of 
 our forefathers of '76. As our friend, the President of the 
 Michigan Society, truly says, "the more recent and tragic 
 events of the War of the Eebellion have, to a very consider- 
 able extent, driven from the minds of Americans the great 
 lessons of the War for Independence •, hut no thinking man 
 can read the history of our country at that time, without see- 
 ing that there was laid the foundation upon which the happi- 
 ness, strength and prosperity of our country must always 
 ■exist." 
 
 There are those here to-night who will talk to you of our 
 society's future, and how we must strive to keep bright, not 
 to our children (who, as the sons of men interested in this 
 ^eat subject, will, as a matter of course, have that sentiment 
 concerning the great deeds of the men of '76 which we our- 
 selves have), but to our friends and fellow-citizens of to-day, 
 the trials and hardships suffered by our fathers, grandfathers 
 and great grandfathers in their great struggle for the inde- 
 pendence of this country, the blessings and fruits of which we 
 are now enjoying. 
 
 I now take pleasure in introducing to you the first Presi- 
 dent of the National Society, the Hon. Lucius P. Deming, of 
 "New Haven, who will speak of "The Society and its Objects." 
 
 ^ 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 
 JUDGE LUCIUS TP. DEMING. 
 
 "the society and its objects. 
 
 Mr. President and GenUemen : You Lave done me a great 
 lionor by calling upon me and referring to me as tlie first 
 President of tlie National Society of Sons of the American 
 Hevolntion. I feel proud of ttat title, and of the society 
 ■which has grown up since the National Society was organized 
 on April 30th, 1889. At that time there were but few soci- 
 eties thoroughly organized and in working order. 
 
 In 1876, on July 4th, out in California, an inspiration 
 came to the editor of the " Alta-California " — and I am 
 LQclined to think inspirations always come to editors ; they 
 seem to know everything and think of everything. At least, 
 it came to him, and out of his thought grew the first society, 
 The California Society of Sons of Revolutionary Sires, and 
 out of that has grown all the societies of the same or similar 
 name. Since then we have seen the birth of twenty-six soci- 
 eties in twenty-six different States, all organized for the great 
 work, which is to revive the memories and quicken the love 
 of Americans for America. 
 
 I am glad to meet so many representative gentlemen here 
 to-night. I regret that we have no personal representative 
 from that first society. I have the pleasure, however, of read- 
 ing a letter from the representative of that society, who would 
 be with us this evening, had he not been detained by circum- 
 stances beyond his control. 
 
14 
 
 "WiscASSET, Feb. 21st, 1890. 
 Eon. Willmm Seward Webb, New York: 
 
 Dear Sir : — I am pleased to acknowledge the receipt of an invi- 
 tation to a dinner to be given by you at Delmonico's, in New York, 
 on March the 1st, to the representatives and members of the State 
 Societies of the Sons of the American Eevolution. 
 
 I regret exceedingly that I am unable to be present on an occa- 
 sion of so great interest, but the inclement season and a partial 
 recovery from a severe illness must be my excuse. In your pub- 
 lished account of the social reunion of the S. A. E. at your residence 
 on December 7th, 1889, I was pleased and gratified that notice and 
 credit was given of the formation of the first society of the kind, in 
 California, in our centennial year, 1876. The society was then just 
 organized and made its first public appearance in the procession of 
 the City celebration of San Francisco, on July 4th of that year. 
 After marching over the prescribed route, cheered and animated by 
 the special acclamations of the people along the line, our little band 
 of about one hundred members debouched from the main body, and 
 marched to their own hall with music of fife and drum, where a 
 poem on Paul Jones was delivered by C. H. Denison, and an oration 
 by C. H. Damron, Esq. Great enthusiasm was shown throughout 
 the day, and from that time the society grew slowly but steadily, 
 although its usef idness was ciuljailed because it had no correspond- 
 ing organizations in sister States. To Gen. A. M. Winn and Col. A. 
 S. Hubbard belong the special honor for the inception and organiza- 
 tion of that society; and to the latter, more than to any other man, 
 should be given honor for perseverance in holding the society 
 together for seven years through discouragements that threatened to 
 overwhelm it. 
 
 At that time — 1876 — ^the pioneers of California were beginning to 
 show marks of age ; their heads wore the white crown of the Sierras; 
 time had made permanent the stoop of the gold seeker, and they 
 began to realize that the day was not distant when the last golden 
 sand would for them drop from the hour-glass. Then came the 
 thought of the splendid record they had made in adding to our 
 galaxy of States another star, and by an easy transition the great 
 work of their ancestors passed in review before them. Many of the 
 men of '49 had brought their families and all their ancestral relics 
 and documents to their new home on the Pacific, and they deter- 
 mined that some way to preserve those precious and valuable docu- 
 
15 
 
 inents miist be provided, so that the fame of their revolutionary 
 fathers should be perpetuated through future generations. Such were 
 the motives that inspired the men who formed the California Society 
 on Jiily 4th, 1876 ; and I feel sure that similar m.otives actuate the 
 descendants of the men of the Eevolution now. A recent letter from 
 Col. A. S. Hubbard, now President of the CaUfomia Society, desires 
 me to respond for California at this dinner, and I should with pleas- 
 m-e do so if I could he present. WUl you be good enough to con- 
 sider this brief history of the formation of that society in the light 
 of such a response, and accept it as a contribution from the Pacific 
 coast. 
 
 California sends you a greeting dearer to her than her gold, and a 
 prediction that the influence of the Sons of the American Eevolution 
 will hasten the day when the principles for which our fathers fought, 
 and for which we stiU contend, shall prevail throughout the whole 
 earth. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Charles H. Denison, 
 Vice-President-General S. A. E. for Maine." 
 
 I have further letters, Mr. President, from gentlemen rep- 
 resenting societies in different parts of our country, each of 
 which would be interesting, both by reason of locality and 
 composition. I have one from the Hon. J. H. Shinn, of the 
 Arkansas Society, and another from the Hon. H. K. Slayfcon, 
 of the New Hampshire Society, and many others, each regret- 
 ting his inability to be with us, but expressing his best wishes 
 that this evening's entertainment may be an enjoyable one, 
 and that the result may be for good to all Societies of Sons of 
 the American Revolution. We regret the absence of our 
 friends. It would be gratifying to us if every Society organ- 
 ized since the California Society could be represented here 
 this evening. We send them our best wishes for the pros- 
 perity and growth of the societies in their several States. 
 
 I sometimes think, Mr. President, that the earth is yet full 
 of the teeth of the mythical dragon, and that, when the needs 
 of men require it, they develop into societies and organiza- 
 tions, armed and equipped for the defense of threatened 
 rights, for the awakening of dormant energies, for the unifi- 
 
16 
 
 cation of nations, and tlie elevation of straggling peoples. I 
 fully believe that every combination and every organization 
 — and I care not whether it is called lodge, society or union, 
 trust or government — ^is ■working out the great problems of 
 progress, the result of which will be strong government with- 
 out oppression, large liberty without license, unity without 
 sectional jealousy, and an elevation of the masses to as high a 
 degree of comfort and Jhappiness as novelists ever dreamed of. 
 
 The Society of Sons of the American Revolution was born 
 in the fullness of time and because there was need for just 
 such a society to revive old naemories, to bind together seem- 
 ingly discordant elements, and to excite such pride in purely 
 American institutions and such desire for national advance- 
 ment and enlargement, as to cause jealousy to hide in the 
 caves of f orgetfulness, and sectionalism to develop into ultra- 
 nationalism. There has been some misconception in regard 
 to the position and work of the National Society of Sons of 
 the American Revolution. Its special work has been con- 
 founded with the work of State societies. The peculiar work 
 of the two is as different as the National government is differ- 
 ent from the State government. The one touches the indi- 
 vidual, and the other touches the community. So, while the 
 State societies collect records and documents, and mark local 
 ruins, and erect monuments to commemorate local events, the 
 National Society occupies a larger field and endeavors to influ- 
 ence the sentiment of the nation, and direct that sentiment to 
 matters of national importance. The National Society points 
 the way and directs the course of action, and the State soci- 
 eties carry the work to completion; and in this work, to 
 insure the largest success, there must be neither politics nor 
 sectarianism, nor any effort for personal aggrandizement. 
 
 You have seen fit, Mr. President, to assign to me the senti- 
 ment "The Sons of the American Revolution; its objects and 
 prospects," and I trust you will bear with me while I attempt 
 to say something upon this important subject. 
 
 As I have said, the first State Society of this character, so 
 far as I am aware, was organized in California, and its 
 
17 
 
 objects as stated were " To unite tlie descendants of Revolu* 
 tionary patriots ; to perpetuate tlie memory of those wlio took 
 part in tlie American Revolution ; to maintain the indepen- 
 dence of the United States of America, and to keep alive that 
 spirit of patriotism that "warmed the hearts of our fathers 
 through their fearful struggle for individual and national 
 liberty." It is strange that on the far Pacific coast, in a land 
 "which "was hardly kno"wn to exist by the men of the Revolu- 
 tion, a hundred years after the smoke of battle had lifted from 
 the hills of Boston, and the rattle of musketry had ceased at 
 Yorkto"wn, the great grandsons of the men "who fought those 
 battles should meet and organize a society to rescue the names 
 and the acts of their ancestors from obli"vdon. Yet, such "was 
 the fact and our National Society is the outcome and result of 
 that first society in California, organized July ith, 1876. A 
 little more than a century has passed since the colonies, as in- 
 dependent republics, organized as one republic. As "we look 
 along the liigh"way "which the Century has constructed, and 
 over "which our Nation has come, we find it marked by statues 
 and monumental shafts, bearing known and illustrious names, 
 and other shafts "whispering of names unkno"wn. As "we look 
 upon either side of this high"way, "we see unnumbered fields 
 stained with blood from bruised feet and slashed bodies, but 
 the carved monuments and lettered stones tell of the battles 
 fought and the victories "won upon them. We look upon 
 countless library shelves, and tomes beyond our numbering 
 tell in story and in song of Lexington and Bunker Hill, of 
 Red Bank and Trenton and Yorkto"wn; and the names of the 
 sons of Connecticut and Massachusetts, Carolina and Vermont, 
 Ne-w Jersey and Virginia cro"wd each other in the same col- 
 umn. As "we look upon these carved monuments and lettered 
 stones and read the story and the song, a feeling comes into 
 our hearts that every spot has been marked, that every story 
 has been told, and that a monument has been reared to every 
 brave man "who fell. If this has all been done, then it is true, 
 the "work of our society is indeed limited. But, has the "work 
 all been done ? Have the stories and histories all been "writ- 
 
18 
 
 "ten ? Can we repeat the names of the heroes "who fought and 
 fell? Do we know the graves among the tangled grass in 
 which the unnamed dead are buried ? If there is a battle- 
 field of the Revolution unmarked; if there is a moss-grown 
 historic ruin to be preserved; if there is an untold story to be 
 written, or a monument to some hero still to be reared, then 
 there is work for our state societies to do; there are reasons 
 why they should exist. It is true that libraries contain vol- 
 umes without number telling over and over again the story of 
 "the Revolutionary struggle; but it is also true that there are 
 unwritten histories hid away in attics and closets and trunks 
 which have never seen the light of publicity^ but which tell 
 stories of personal heroism and individual suffering more 
 ihrilling than has ever been written; and unless these almost 
 forgotten threads of the great struggle are soon gathered 
 up they will be lost forever. It is true that on battle-fields 
 and in public places are many monuments bearing the names 
 •of brave men who fought and died in defense of liberty; but, 
 ■even in the States of old New England, there are scores and 
 hundreds now living who have forgotten that their fathers 
 took part in that struggle, and that they are heirs to a part of 
 the glory which that struggle brought to this nation and to 
 the world. They know, perhaps, that your father was an 
 officer in the Revolution, but the names of their fathers, 
 privates, do not appear in bronze or stone, and their names 
 and deeds have been forgotten. It is the work of our State 
 societies to quicken the memory and resurrect from oblivion 
 the names of these forgotten fighters in a holy cause, and to 
 create in the hearts of the Sons of the Revolution a pride in 
 their ancestral blood and ancestral name, and a desire to know 
 something more of their lineage and descent than they have 
 known. American aristocracy is a thing for "laughter, 
 fleers and jeers " in its ordinary acceptation; but blood which 
 has flowed in an unadulterated line from men of the Revolu- 
 tion to me is a thing of which to boast, even if my ancestor 
 did fight in the ranks and tramp barefooted through the 
 snows and storms from Lexington to Valley Forge. William 
 
19 
 
 "fclie Conqueror was tlie source of no more honorable line than 
 "that friend of Washington, Gen. Samuel Blatchley Wehh, the 
 ancestor of our worthy President, or the farmer, Israel Put- 
 nam, or the spy, Nathan Hale. 
 
 I have referred to what may be considered the special 
 work of State societies. For one moment let me refer to 
 some of the distinctive lines of work for the National Society ; 
 and, first, as I understand, its object is to awaken — to re- 
 create, if you please — a distinctively American sentiment in 
 favor of a distinctively American system of government ; to 
 revive the sentiment which existed when Massachusetts and 
 Carolina stood foot to foot, knee to knee, and shoulder to 
 shoulder in the struggle for independence; and when Han- 
 cock of Massachusetts, Henry of Virginia, Trumbull of Con- 
 necticut, and Rutledge of South Carolina were laboring and 
 fighting for the establishment of the independence of their 
 common country. In those days, the men who made the 
 United States of America also made the laws by which those 
 States were governed. As we compare the times then and 
 now, how can we but exclaim, "How are the mighty fallen, 
 and to what low estate have they come ! " 
 
 In my experience I have seen men stand up in court and 
 •declare through an interpreter their intention to become 
 American citizens ; I have seen the same men a little later prove 
 their right to citizenship, by right of residence, through an in- 
 terpreter ; have listened as the interpreter read to them the cer- 
 tificate which notified and informed them of their citizenship ; 
 and then have seen the same men led before the selectmen, 
 and have heard them read a line from the Constitution trans- 
 lated into a foreign language expressly for them, and so 
 become electors and possible legislators, fully competent, 
 legally, to make our laws for us and to sit in our halls of leg- 
 islation, although they could not speak our language nor com- 
 prehend our laws, and were absolutely ignorant of our system 
 of government. We welcome to our shores the intelligent 
 and the virtuous. We gladly welcome to full citizenship all 
 "who, by study of our laws and affiliation with our people. 
 
20 
 
 understand our complex system, of government and compre- 
 liend our liberal Constitution and by tbeir acts and education 
 sbo-w ttemselves wortby of the trust of citizensbip. But we 
 are afraid of tbe anarchist and the socialist, and we kno^w 
 that our institutioiLS are not safe with anarchism and social- 
 ism and ignorance at the helm of the ship of state. Speed 
 the time, and we, as Sons of the American Revolution, will 
 be missionaries in the cause, when American citizenship is 
 limited to those who, by birth or education, are in sympathy 
 with us; and when this object is accomplished, then will 
 one object of our National Society be accomplished, and this 
 object can only be reached by means of education. 
 
 I cannot speak for the South, but in the Worth it is a cause 
 of surprise how little is known of our immediate ancestors, 
 how ignorant we are of the events which led to and culmin- 
 ated in the Revolution, and how we have forgotten the very 
 names of the men who took important and prominent parts in 
 laying the foundation of our Government. In order to enter 
 the law school connected with one of our large universities, it 
 is necessary to pass a preliminary examination. One ques- 
 tion asked a would-be student in this law department was- 
 this : " Give the name of some high officer of the Revolution, 
 who was guilty of treason, and state some fact in connection 
 with this treason." And the written reply was, "I think you 
 refer to Horace Greely, who attempted to sell his country to- 
 the enemy." 
 
 And this is not an isolated case of rampant ignorance. 
 Men have become absorbed in the race for fame, position, 
 wealth and honor, have forgotten family pride, and the claims 
 of patriotism and country, and have fallen into a feeling of 
 false security that the country is safe, and that its institu- 
 tions will take care of themselves. The time is ripe and we 
 must call a halt and return to the old paths in which the 
 fathers trod when every true American felt that upon his 
 shoulders rested the burden of maintaining the government 
 in its purity, and the laws in their integrity. Mothers m.ust 
 again teach their infants that liberty and country are the first 
 
21 
 
 things to be thought of and the last things to be forgotten ; 
 and the fathers must see to it that the mile-stones along the 
 highway of our country's progress are schoolhouses, and that 
 over these schoolliouses shall float the American flag from the 
 old liberty poles, every one of ■which shall be an exclamation 
 point emphasizing patriotism and punctuating Americanism. 
 We teach a little of everything in the common schools of our 
 country, and a little American history is taught, but hardly 
 sufficient to create an appetite for more, hardly enough to call 
 it the alphabet of history. Patriotism is the cornerstone and 
 keystone of our American institutions, and patriotism should 
 be taught to every American child at all times and every- 
 where, and especially in the schoolroom ; and this teaching 
 should not only be by precept but by object lessons as well, 
 which the eye should photograph upon the heart, and one of 
 these object lessons should be the American flag, the only 
 recognized emblem of the only true republic on the face of 
 the earth to-day. In whatever lands its starry folds catch the 
 rays of the sun, it is looked up to by struggling peoples, even 
 as the weary Israelite in the wilderness looked up to the 
 brazen serpent and was saved by the look. I trust the day is 
 not far distant — and it is a worthy object for this National 
 Society to hasten the day — when north and south, east and 
 west, the schooUiouse shall occupy the corner of every high- 
 way, and over every schoolhouse shall float our glorious flag, 
 the stars and stripes, an object lesson for every child and 
 man, and then our youth, with Webster will say, "I was 
 born an American, I will live an American, I shall die an 
 American." 
 
 But, Mr. President, I have already occupied too much 
 time, and with a word I close. As I look back over the cen- 
 tury now ended I seem to see our country as a person, and I 
 hear it confessing, " The mistakes of my life have been many, 
 the sins of my life have been more ;" but, as I look into the 
 future a brighter picture of glorious progress opens before 
 me. Societies of the Sons of the American Revolution have 
 now been organized in twenty-sis States. The National Society 
 
.22 
 
 has been organized by delegates elected by tbem, and as a 
 society it is already creating public opinion in favor of mark- 
 ing historic jilaces and preserving historic documents. It is 
 taking hold of patriotic enterprises and pushing them to com- 
 pletion; it is awakening renewed interest in the celebration 
 of patriotic events, the observance of historic days; and, 
 more than all, it is enkindling a new and deeper love of coun- 
 try among all classes and in all sections of the Republic, and 
 is fanning to a brighter ilame the smouldering fires of love 
 for and devotion to distinctly American laws and American 
 institutions. In this work the South has clasped hands with 
 the North with a fervor unknown since the stirring times of 
 '76 ; and the East and the West have joined in a new compact 
 for the promotion of these grand objects; and when they are 
 fully realized, then, indeed, will our country be one country, 
 our desire for its enlargement will be truly national, and in 
 this work the North and South, the East ■ and West can 
 unitedly engage without jealousy and without strife, save 
 that noble strife which actuated the fathers whose sons we are. 
 Mr. President, we are both fortunate to-night and unfor- 
 tunate. As I look around these tables I see them bordered 
 and fringed with gentlemen from all parts of the country, 
 and each of commanding ability, noted for their eloquence 
 and learning in the halls of education and legislation, and the 
 difficulty is to know upon whom to call to occupy the hour 
 which we shall spend together this evening. There is one 
 gentleman, however — I will take the liberty of calling him 
 first — ^and I need not mention his name, for it is a household 
 word North and South, East and West ; a name synonymous 
 with the noblest type of American citizen ; a gentleman whose 
 friends are confined to no party and to no section, but 
 wherever they are they look to him as their champion and 
 standard-bearer, and fondly anticipate the time when, instead 
 of occupying the position of president of a railroad, he shall 
 occupy the higher position of President of this great Repub- 
 lic. " I have the pleasure of introducing to you the Hon. 
 Chauncey M. Depew of New York. 
 
ADDEESS BY 
 HON. CHAUNCEY IM. DEF>EV/- 
 
 "SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION." 
 
 GenUem^n : — I am very glad to find that there is one sub- 
 ject on which, the Sons of the American Revolution are united. 
 I am quite ■willing to bear the responsibility which has been 
 imposed upon me by the gentleman who has just taken his 
 seat — ^vmtil the National Convention meets, and then it will 
 be discovered that there are several persons in that conven- 
 tion who have different views — and those views, I gaess, will 
 prevail. 
 
 It is an historical fact, interesting to us, that when the 
 signers of the Declaration of Independence had appended 
 their signatures to that immortal document, those signatures 
 with which we are all so familiar, the wit of the convention 
 said, " We will all hang together;" but when each of us, as 
 we entered this hall to-night, appended his signature on the 
 outside at the hat counter, I felt that we were veritable 
 descendants of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, 
 though we incurred none of the perils of our ancestors. The 
 only peril which we incurred was that we should all dine 
 together. 
 
 It is an extraordinary thing that a hundred and seven 
 years after the close of the Revolutionary War, there should 
 be, for the first time, a national society formed to preserve 
 the m.emory of the incidents and of the heroes of that great 
 event. We differ from all nationalities in this respect. It is 
 
u 
 
 tlie most superb tribute to the magnificent pace of our pro- 
 gress and to the volcanic cbaracter of our development, that, 
 for one hundred and seven years, "we have forgotten the 
 events of our origin and the men to whom we are indebted. 
 "We come from races which are peculiar for their reverence 
 for the past and for their worship of their heroes. The Teu- 
 tonic, the Scandinavian, the Celtic, the French and the Latin 
 races are remarkable for the manner in which they celebrate 
 every trifling incident and every heroic event connected with 
 their establishment as a race, their recognition as a people 
 and their creation as a nation. The French go back to their 
 early kings. The Teuton goes back to the chiefs who repelled 
 the Roman invasion. The Scandinavian grows eloquent in 
 song and heroic epic upon the vikings who ruled the sea. The 
 Celt talks of the chiefs, who, in a traditionary period, were 
 magnificent beyond anything of which we have record in our 
 own time. It seems to establish the sentiment that patriot- 
 ism is made up of superstition and imagination, and that we 
 are the most patriotic people in the world, without a trace of 
 superstition and scarcely the semblance of imagination. All 
 other races, all other peoples, all other nationalities, deify the 
 heroes of their origin. We, on the other hand, look back with 
 mortification to the superstitions which hung the witch, with 
 contempt at the superstition which pursued with bigoted vin- 
 dictiveness opposite creeds, and at the men of the Revolution 
 with a horizontal view of their virtues and of their deficien- 
 cies, unequalled in the history of great peoples. And yet I 
 take it, that, without superstition, and without imagination, 
 there is no nationality that more thoroughly appreciates pre- 
 cisely what were the difficulties of their origin and precisely 
 what it accomplished, than ours. 
 
 It is an extraordinary thing to look at the development of 
 the Revolutionary soldier. For the first few years after the 
 close of the Revolutionary "War, he was a tramp whom the 
 whole country feared. "While he had been for seven years in 
 the field, the country behind him had been earning a living 
 and securing the means of a moderate competence. The 
 
26 
 
 ITation itself, in Its Treasury was bankrupt, and the fear was 
 that, attacking first a bankrupt Treasury, he might, in order 
 to secure that to which he was legitimately entitled as the 
 hero who had made liberty possible to the people behind him, 
 claim his rights. It is his glory that he preferred to be a 
 tramp to being a revolutionist. During long years, having in 
 the habits of the camp lost the ability to compete in the field 
 •of labor, having in the exigencies of the field exhausted his 
 substance, for long years he was an object of mingled pity, 
 contempt and fear to the people of this country. 
 
 Then came his second development. The country slowly, 
 very slowly, rose as it grew more prosperous to a recognition 
 •of his unequalled services, of his unsurpassed and unequalled 
 sacrifice, and recognized him by a pension so small that, com- 
 paring the pension and his patriotism, the one became 
 infinitesimal and the other infinite. 
 
 Then came his third stage. By that time the patriotism 
 of the country had developed into a condition where it was a 
 glorious thing to celebrate the events of which he had been 
 the creator ; and, while it was not popular to pay the creator, 
 the event could not be celebrated without his presence. So 
 that the 4th of July, the Bunker Hill Monument, the stones 
 that were erected upon historic ground, the funerals of the 
 great heroes who were passing away, all, in the localities 
 where they occurred, brought the Revolutionary soldier to the 
 front to ride in an open barouche, the first one in the proces- 
 sion, to sit on the first seat in the platform, and at the ban- 
 ■qtiet, in every sense, to get full. It was that period which 
 ■developed the best, and the best remembered evidences of 
 American orators. It was that which produced that mag- 
 nificent apostrophe at Bunker Hill : "Venerable men, you 
 have come down to us from a former generation." It was 
 that which led Edward Everett, on a famous occasion, to cause 
 the old Revolutionary soldier, who had starved during the 
 period until that celebration, to say to his family afterwards : 
 
 ' ' A most extraordinary man, that Mr. Everett. He came 
 a,round to my house the day before the celebration and said ■ 
 
36 
 
 ' Are you the old Revolutioner ? ' And I said, ' I am.' Said 
 he, ' I want you to be present to sit on the platform when I 
 deliver my address, and to occupy the chair of honor, and 
 when I allude to the old Revolutionary soldiers, the heroes of 
 the "War, I want you to arise.' When he began to speak of 
 the Revolutionary soldier, troubled on account of my rheuma- 
 tism, and more on account of my wounds, I got up on my 
 crutches ; and no sooner had I got up, than Mr. Everett said i 
 ' Sit down, sir. Sit down. It is for this generation to stand- 
 in the presence of such as you.' " 
 
 The orator of to-day has no opportunity for such a pre- 
 pared impromptu. 
 
 But the last and most lamentable development of the- 
 Revolutionary soldier, as I remember him as a boy in Peeks- 
 kill, was sitting around the door of the country store, waiting 
 for the hospitable invitation, which should lead to that move- 
 ment of his circulation, which he got in no other way and 
 which he was unable to pay for himself. The old and the 
 middle-aged men had heard his stories and had pronounced 
 him the phenomenal liar of the neighborhood, but to the boys- 
 like myself he was a veritable hero. We stood there in jack- 
 ets and short breeches, and listened with bated breath while, 
 with gun or crutch, as the case might be, he told how he had 
 suffered at Valley Forge, how he had fought at Bunker Hill, 
 how he had crossed the Delaware with Washington, how he 
 had won the victory at Monmouth, and how he had seen the 
 sword of Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown. The skeptic 
 of the neighborhood said he was a sutler in Westchester 
 County, and had never been outside the neighborhood. That- 
 never disturbed our faith in either himself or his crutch. 
 And then he had a weapon terrible in its force, keen as th& 
 cimeter of Saladin, touching the vital point every time and 
 leaving a poison that was never eradicated. Of those who- 
 treated him with contempt, he said to the boys: "See that 
 man ? I knew his father; he was a cowboy, a skinner in the 
 Revolution." And born as I was, and passing my life amid 
 these traditions of the neutral ground, there are names of 
 
27 
 
 families "wliicli to-day, occupying as their representatives do^ 
 high, positions in the State and in the church and in literature, 
 I never hear mentioned, hut that the poisoned arrow of the- 
 Revolutionary soldier brings up a prejudice in my mind, 
 " You are the son or the grandson of a cowboy of the Revo- 
 lution.' 
 
 And so the old soldier passed away. Then came the War 
 of the Rebellion; and the Revolutionary War, its heroes and_ 
 its statesmen, as absolutely disappeared as if they never had 
 existed. For twenty years, there was no celebration of a 
 Revolutionary event, no recollection of a Revolutionary hero, 
 no statement, in speech, or on occasion, of anything which 
 referred to the origin of the Republic. The only recollection 
 of the whole period was of JefEerson, because of a sentence in 
 the Declaration of Independence; of Hamilton, because he 
 stood for the nationality of the country. 
 
 Then came the centennials; but they were simply the pic- 
 turesque celebration of an event to put it into an historical 
 picture and then forget it for another hundred years. They 
 meant nothing but the event and the hour. In the meantime, 
 the tremendous strides, the magnificent progress, the terrific 
 force of the enginery of civilization and of liberty within, 
 this country, were taking no note of that to which every son 
 of liberty and son of religion must refer, if he would move 
 in true line upon the true pathway of progress and liberty, 
 referring in religion to his Bible, in patriotism to the heroes 
 of the Revolution and to the Declaration of Independence, 
 which set him upon his march, and the Constitution, which, 
 crystallized his efforts. 
 
 It is one of the happy incidents of a time of profound 
 peace, a time of pleasurable union between all parts of this 
 country, a time of the absence of controversy, when it is 
 almost impossible to distinguish upon what we differ and. 
 about what we shall quarrel, that there arises once more both, 
 sentiment, imagination, and superstition, if you please. We 
 deify, as our Saxon, our Teutonic, our Celtic, and our Latin 
 ancestors did, the heroes of the Revolution. We place the 
 
28 
 
 -warriors, Waslmigtoii, Mad Anthony Wayne, Green, Scliny- 
 ler and Putnam, upon heroic basis, and love them as heroic 
 pictures ; they stand upon pedestals, not only in the temples 
 of American liberty, but in the imagination of the American 
 people. We take Jefferson, Hamilton, Madison and Jay, and 
 ve go back to the study of the principles which the initiated; 
 and out of it we understand the glorious nationality which, 
 embodied, signifies the Republic of the United States of 
 America. 
 
 Beyond the AUeghanies is the great empire then unknown, 
 now the centre of political power, now the growing home of 
 the culture and Americanism of the future, now the location 
 of the World's Fair ; and while there is nothing in their terri- 
 tory to arouse revolutionary recollections, while there are no 
 Bunker Hills, no Monmouths, no Princetons, no Yorktowns, 
 yet there is in that country, with the moving spirit of the 
 Yankee people North and South, for we are all Yankees now, 
 that dominant sentiment of that old American cult, that old 
 American race, which creates the State, rules the State; and 
 this society, in these new commonwealths, in these new terri- 
 tories, will keep alive in the academies, in the common schools, 
 in their celebrations, recollections of the heroes of the past 
 and the statesmen who created them. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 REV. EDV/ARD EVERETT HALE. 
 
 "national government." 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen: I am not the fortunate 
 landowner, Mr. President, wlio owns the Lattle-field of Con- 
 cord.* He will speak to you by and by. To tell you the 
 whole truth, my interest in this society was first awakened 
 by an echo from Minnesota. I found that it was those people, 
 who, in advance of us, had organized the Sons of the Ameri- 
 can Revolution. I received a series of letters last year from 
 three supervisors of education in Minnesota at the same time, 
 asking our assistance, the assistance of people connected with 
 education in the East in the patriotic solemnities which are 
 observed there, I think, twice a year in those schools; 
 observed to make them love that flag, to make them love 
 these memories as a regular bit of school business — children, 
 haK of whom I suppose were bom in Norway, in Bohemia and 
 Astrachan and heaven knows where, but not in America. 
 That seemed to* me a very interesting thing ; and I was glad 
 to inquire and glad to learn of the existence of an association 
 like this, which makes it its business to preserve and protect 
 such memories. 
 
 But yesterday, Mr. President — if you will let me speak to 
 you as a New Yorker — ^when I was visiting one of the admir- 
 able charities of this great city, I should say half a mile south 
 
 * Judge Deming, as toast-maker, introdnced the Eev. Dr. Hale as the man who 
 -owns the ground at Concord upon which the Minute men assembled. 
 
30 
 
 of here and lialf a mile east, if you "will allow me to cliarac- 
 terize tte region, where I fancy not one man or woman in. 
 twenty was born in America, I asked them what hooks they 
 loaned out in the neighhorhood. They said the children were 
 in there all the time borrowing books. I asked them " What 
 books did they borrow ? " " They all want history; and, Mr. 
 Hale, you would be interested to know that not one of these 
 boys can speak English in its purity. The word history 
 to them means American history, means the life of George 
 Washington, means the life of Abraham Lincoln." They 
 don't want you to give them the history of their Teutonic 
 ancestors or of their Celtic tribe. They want the history of 
 the institutions which carry out and make good a system of 
 government difEerent from any other system of government 
 that ever was in this world before. 
 
 I have connected myself with this society most gladly and 
 most loyally, because I believe its work of education is largely 
 beyond what any of us can now state. I certainly will not 
 pretend to state it. But I see all around me almost every day, 
 among cultivated and intelligent ladies and gentlemen, the 
 necessity of education in the American ideas, education about 
 American government as distinct from feudal government 
 and arbitrary government and absolute government, and all 
 the bther kinds. American government is distinct, as I said 
 before, from any government that ever was in the world. 
 Now I have had a lady of the highest distinction, of the best 
 American blood, of the best training, of high reputation, ask. 
 me what was the difference between a United States Senator 
 and a United States Representative. That woman knew the 
 difference between a Duke and a Marquis ; knew the differ- 
 ence between a Marquis and a Viscount ; knew the difference 
 between a Viscount and a Commoner ; but she did not know^ 
 the difference between a Senator and a Representative. 
 
 Well, I am not an old man, as you see, gentleman, but I 
 can remember the day when we imported our story books, 
 when we had not any authors of our own, when we imported 
 our school books, and when I knew a great deal more about 
 
31 
 
 English, bullfinclies, and about English, robin red-breasts than 
 I knew about American mocking birds, or than I knew about 
 anything that was going on around me here. It is that sort 
 of danger that I think it should be the business of this society 
 to arrest, that we may know something of our American 
 government here. 
 
 And (I was going to say the English of it), the American 
 of it is that feudal institutions break down about fifteen min- 
 utes after the emigrant has landed here. We have got in 
 Boston the old halberds that were carried before Winthrop, 
 the first Governor. The inevitable question was, " What be 
 them good for ? What have those men got them things there 
 for ? " But it was not very long that the Governor went 
 around with the halberdiers before him, that the American 
 government had to institute itself, did institute itself, and 
 institutes itself to-day. 
 
 What is the beginning of government ? It is generally a 
 road. How does the American build a road ? There must be 
 a road. A dozen of them get together and say, " We must 
 have a road. We must go up to the Four Corners. We must 
 all get together and we are going to get a road. We must 
 all get together and build a road." The word "together " is 
 the key- word. I fancy most of you here have been summoned 
 by the road builder of the neighborhood to turn out either in 
 person or by proxy to build a road. That is the way in which 
 Americans build roads. You do not have to send up to Paris 
 and ask the Secretary of Interior Improvements to select an 
 ofl&cer of engineers, to select a sub-ofl&cer, who shall direct an 
 apprentice of his to make out a plan for a road and have that 
 sent down, to tell where the road shall go. You build a road 
 and that is the end of it. You want a school : you don't send 
 up to Albany to inquire of the University Trustees or Regents, 
 or whoever they are — I dare say you are one of them yourself, 
 Mr. President — to know if it is proper to have a school put 
 into this region or that region. You get together some Sab- 
 bath day after meeting and say, " I guess we had better have 
 a school here, and we will have a school meeting to-morrow 
 
32 
 
 evening." The scliool meeting is called and the school is 
 established. Mr. Tennyson has given the word for us, build- 
 ing better than he knew, and I have to alter a "word or two of 
 his lines to fix it for the occasion: "The common sense of 
 each shall keep a fretful world in awe." That is the way 
 America is governed. It is governed by the common sense of 
 each. As dear Garfield said, " All the people are a great deal 
 wiser than any one of the people." Now, it is immensely 
 necessary that that should be remem.bered, because much 
 more than half of what we read comes to us from feudal insti- 
 tutions. If we don't import the books we import the men who 
 write them. "We have some men writing for the morning 
 papers or the evening papers, for this novel or that maga- 
 zine, who may be the best fellows in the world, but who have 
 not learned the American language. 
 
 You allude to the Centennial. Twice in one month, last 
 April, I read in the newspapers in this city an allusion to 
 President Harrison as the "ruler" of this great country. 
 Harrison never called himself the "ruler" of this great coun- 
 try. Grover Cleveland never called himself the "ruler" of 
 this great country. Neither of them are such fools. They 
 knew that they were the Chief Magistrates of this gi-eat 
 country. That is a very different thing. What is President 
 Harrison the ruler of ? I suppose in the strict sense it might 
 be said that he is the ruler of the standing army, which con- 
 sists of about thirty thousand men. I suppose he can tell 
 those gentlemen where to go. And then the Navy — I think 
 there are four vessels in the Navy now, are there not ? He is 
 the ruler of the Navy. And for the rest, he is the Chief 
 Magistrate of this great country, and he knows he is. He has 
 very large' powers as Chief Magistrate, as foreign nations may 
 find out some day ; but he does not rule this country. This 
 country rules Mm, and he knows that this country rules him. 
 The great lesson that Abraham Lincoln had learned so well 
 and which made Abraham Lincoln the leader, but not the 
 ruler of this country — ^which m.ade Abraham Lincoln the 
 great leader of this country when a "headless democracy 
 
33 
 
 drifted to victory " — ^was tliat he knew who lie was — ^the Chief 
 Magistrate of this country, and never pretended that he was- 
 a mock king or emperor or viceroy. 
 
 Now I was considering where our literature comes from, 
 considering where the men are trained who write it ; the ten- 
 dency of our young men to imitate foreigners. It is very 
 necessary that at home, in the school, in the common work, 
 in the newspaper, in everything that we do and everything^ 
 that we say we shall be teaching people to speak the Ameri- 
 can language and not to be speaking French or German or 
 Russian or even English. 
 
 The words that we use have been used in feudal times in 
 different ways. This great word "people" which I have 
 used a dozen times ; I looked it up the other day. You will 
 find the "people" spoken of by Cowley as the scum — actu- 
 ally the dregs or scum. You go to Shakespeare and you find 
 Shakespeare speaking of them a good deal as we speak of the 
 populace now ; making the same distinction as the aristocratic 
 Roman state, which spoke of the Roman Senate and the Roman 
 people. As they say on the other side, "We must show the 
 people, you know, what the people, you know, are to do, you 
 know." But the American language says "We, the people, 
 ordain this constitution." Any man who speaks of the people 
 as the dregs, or speaks of the people as the populace, dis- 
 honors America, dishonors his sovereign, as a man might dis- 
 honor Victoria if he should throw something in her face when 
 he stood before her. All that is to be remembered, and the 
 children are to be taught what is the "fountain of honor." 
 They must learn their own language. They must learn that 
 an American elm is not an English elm ; an American oak is 
 not an English oak ; an American locomotive is not an Eng- 
 lish locomotive ; an American railway is not an English rail- 
 way; an American president is not an English king; an 
 American Senate is not an English House of Lords; an 
 American House of Representatives is not an English House 
 of Commons; the Episcopal Church in America is nothing like 
 the Anglican Church in England; the Methodist Church in 
 
34 
 
 -America is nothing like tlie Methodist Church in England ; 
 the American newspaper is not an English newspaper ; the 
 American magazine is not an English magazine. Yon may 
 as well get an English gardener here from Devonshire and 
 set him to wor^ raising fuchsias under our wintry climate of 
 winter, and tropical sun of summer, as to be taking your 
 politics or your morals from a French novel or from an Eng- 
 lish newspaper. The thing which we must teach these child- 
 ren is that the fountain of honor is not in any sovereign who 
 sits on any throne, though he wear one crown or though he 
 wear three crowns, Mr. President, but that the fountain of 
 honor is the American people. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 REV. D. C. KELLY. 
 
 "TENNESSEE IN THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION." 
 
 Mr. President and GenUemen : Would tliat some more 
 fitting representative were here to speak for the Volunteer 
 State — a soubriquet whicli comes down from the time of our 
 Revolutionary sires, and has been vindicated by repeated 
 actions upon her part since. At a time when Washington 
 in a private letter had said, ' ' I have almost ceased to hope, " 
 a volunteer band from Tennessee began the movement which 
 culminated in the decisive battle of King's Mountain, a battle 
 which turned the tide of destiny and hastened the hour of 
 final victory at Yorktown. Many and many a winter's night 
 was my childhood thrilled and entranced with recitals of the 
 part played by the heroes in this struggle, the more so as 
 three strains of my blood are traced back to these men. 
 Xing's Mountain and its memories have been the fountain 
 from which the early Tennessean drank deep draughts of 
 patriotism, so that down the coming years, in every critical 
 hour, our good State has volunteered, by deed and word, to 
 prove her devotion to the fair fabric of the American Union. 
 
 When, in the war of 1813, she was too remote from the 
 seat of governnaent to be asked to take part, she again, under 
 the call of Andrew Jackson, struck a blow at New Orleans 
 which redeemed American arms from previous inefficiency, 
 if not disgrace. When nulification sought to impede the pro- 
 gress of the Union, we furnished the man who, from the 
 Presidential chair, said, "The Union, it must and shall be- 
 
36 
 
 preserved. " Andrew Jackson bnt spoke what every Tennessee 
 heart and hand hade him ntter. It was a President nurtured 
 at the breast of Tennessee ambition and patriotism who gave 
 the empire from the Gulf to the Pacific, to the flag of the 
 Union. And when the call was made for troops to vindicate 
 the American honor, Tennessee volunteers gathered so thick 
 and fast to the standard that the Secretary of War had to beg 
 them to go home, that Massachusetts and New York might 
 have an opportunity to take part in the war. Allow the re- 
 cital of a characteristic compliment to the country now my 
 home. To a timid politician, who feared that the climate and 
 persistence of the Mexican soldier would be more than a 
 match for American arms, Gen. Jackson, who was urging 
 forward the war, replied, "Why, sir, I can take Gen. Win- 
 chester and two thousand of his Sumner County boys and run 
 every Mexican soldier into the Pacific ocean." No man better 
 than Jackson knew the readiness of Tennesseans to die for 
 their country. He and they knew no country less than the 
 Union. 
 
 When abolition persistence, and secession resistance threat- 
 ened the dissolution of this Union, the blood of our Scotch- 
 Irish patriots and Revolutionary sires held Tennessee true to 
 her m.oorings to the Union. By a majority of 60,000, when 
 the vote was submitted, we spoke for the Union. True, she 
 afterwards entered the Confederacy, but first she had ex- 
 hausted every effort looking toward peace. Who will censure 
 her who remembers that she stood midway between two 
 brothers ; that when the little brother would not hear us, true 
 to our history we volunteered to see that the big brother 
 should not crush the little one ; we stood by the weaker, we 
 did our best and are not ashamed of our record. To-day we 
 stand where we stood in the vote of 1860 for the Union. No 
 man. North, South, East or West, loves more the stars which 
 light our way to freedom, or the stripes which wrap us all in 
 one brotherhood, than do the sons and daughters of Ten- 
 nessee. Had our voice been heeded in 1860, there had been 
 no secession, no coercion, no deluge of blood. Why recall 
 
37 
 
 these facts now ? I say this now because tlie hour has again 
 become critical, and Tennessee again volunteers to speak from 
 the standpoint of the Sons of the Revolution for the Union, 
 fruit of their blood. In the race question, about which so 
 much passion is gathering, Tennessee has no selfish interest ; 
 except two or three counties in West Tennessee, the negro 
 plays a minor part in our State politics. We occupy, there- 
 fore, a position from which we can speak with both knowledge 
 and candor. We know the negro, we love the Union, we ask 
 the South and North, alike our brethren, to hear us. To the 
 North allow a confession. We of the South are so provincial, 
 have so much of old-time ways, are so little up with the elec- 
 tric movements of the times that we wear the prejudices of 
 our fathers toward all other people than our own. We have 
 not yet learned to be cosmopolitan in our loves. Next to the 
 Southern white man, I do confess it, we love the Southern 
 negro more than we do any other man, white, black or yel- 
 low. The Northern immigration agents have learned this to 
 their sorrow. Our refusal to turn to any other laborers, our 
 taxes to educate, our gifts to build churches for the negro, in 
 other words, the movement of our pocket nerve afErms this 
 as a fact beyond all doubt. We therefore come to ask the 
 great, wealthy North that until it has associations as intimate 
 and mutually profitable with the negro, until it knows him 
 as we know him, until it has expended as large money 
 toward his evangelization and education as we have done, it 
 allow us to work forward along the lines we have projected, 
 adding whatever of help she may, not along antagonistic, but 
 co-operative lines. What we ask is that time be given the 
 negro to prove himself. That we be trusted as partakers in 
 the same Christian civilization to do our duty. 
 
 In this presence I turn to the South, to that part of it which 
 has now a struggle to make such as the world has never seen, 
 to that era where intelligence and virtue are numerically 
 prostrate before ignorance and brutal lusts, and turning, I say, 
 do justice, full justice, to the negro in all of his political and 
 civil rights ! give him rightful opportunity, and trust him in all 
 
38 
 
 civil interests, to the fullest exilent of Ms power, to sustain 
 our Cliristain freedom ; touch not the cart on which the sacred 
 right of the ballot is being borne, though the oxen may stum- 
 ble that draw it ; sustain the constitutional amendments to 
 which we pledged our honor in the hour when only honor was 
 left us. I know your fears that the negro lust will lead him, 
 with these rights conceded, to make dangerous the purity of 
 your women, and taint the proud Anglo-Saxon blood of the 
 generations to follow. This I do not believe will be the re- 
 sult. * Should it be attempted by force of brute or force of 
 law, I pledge you the faith of the sons of the American Revo- 
 lution, reared on Tennessee soil and scattered widely over the 
 great West, to stand by you, if need be, in resistance to all 
 compulsion, along this line until there shall be no Tennessean 
 to bear the tidings from our Thermopylae. We propose that 
 the whole nation help us bear this burden — distribute them, 
 if we may ; if not, patience and co-operation must solve it. 
 When it is solved, you will find Tennessee upon the right side 
 of it ; until it is decided, we stand for two things, and will 
 gladly die in defense of either — the chastity of our women and 
 the union of these States for which our Revolutionary sires 
 prayed and bled. 
 
 ^ 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 CAPTAIN CHARLES KING. 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen : It is the unexpected that 
 always happens. Up to the instant in which my name was 
 called I had not the faintest suspicion that snch a catastrophe 
 was impending. You call upon me to respond for the West 
 when, in the presence of eminent representatives from Chicago, 
 St. Louis and St. Paul, I had every reason to expect immunity 
 for myself and hetter luck for you. Accepting the inevitable, 
 however, and placing the responsibility on the shoulders of 
 our presiding officer, I shall face the music and not surrender 
 without a fight. The West is full of good intentions, be the 
 result what it may. 
 
 Perhaps the best evidence I can give you of the good inten- 
 tions that pervade the new-bom western branch of our society 
 will be a brief statement of the difficulties, if not the dangers, 
 which have surrounded the birthright of the Wisconsin 
 Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Only a 
 little while ago we heard reference to the fact that in some of 
 the Eastern States competent voters are manufactured, after 
 a declaration of their intentions and after the three years pro- 
 bationary period, from foreigners who are able, perhaps, by 
 the aid of an interpreter, to translate a line or two of the Con- 
 stitution. But in the West we have gone beyond that. It is 
 my privilege to be a resident of a city that embraces probably 
 two hundred and twenty-five thousand people, fully two- 
 thirds of whom bear names which are indicative of their 
 foreign birth or ancestry. In some of our streets one may at 
 
40 
 
 any time meet the sign "English, spoken here," as an encour- 
 agement to those who are of American birth to come in and 
 purchase. 
 
 When the society was first referred to in our local papers, 
 the Governor issued over his signature a call for its meeting. 
 You have n>o idea with what promptitude and pugnacity the 
 Democratic press of "Wisconsin antagonized our infant effort, 
 and strove to grind it into powder. Fancy the Sons of the 
 American Eevolution being denounced as members, not only 
 of a society whose watchword was "Know Nothing ;" who had 
 a password and a grip which nobody could understand ; but 
 whose ultimate purpose was the utter eradication of the rights 
 of all citizens who could not claim to be Americans by birth. 
 Let me tell you that to anybody who has political aspirations 
 in the Badger State nothing could be more damaging. I have 
 not a doubt that my eminent friend here (Mr. Rublee) who 
 ought to have been in my place, but who is now basely shirk- 
 ing at the end of the table, has forfeited all his chance of 
 future preferment to the Senate of the United States by his 
 alliance with this society. 
 
 All through the State of Wisconsin, especially in our 
 breweries and our lager beer saloons, you may find suspended 
 on the wall, a large picture ; it represents a group of gentle- 
 men attired, some in the Continental uniform, others in the 
 dress worn by the Hussars, the Dragoons, the old Potsdam 
 Fusileers of Germany. It bears a title which, translated, 
 means, " The Chieftains of the Eevolution." There, foremost 
 among them, with his chapeau in one hand and his sword in 
 the other, is Steuben. Now, I yield to no man in my appre- 
 ciation and admiration of the services of the German Baron 
 in the discipline and instruction that he gave to the Conti- 
 nental Army, but I look in vain for the names and figures 
 that in my boyhood's days were familiar as household words. 
 I look in vain for Knox and Gates, Schuyler, Putnam, Marion. 
 Instead of them there are Steuben, Kosciusko, Pulaski, 
 DeKalb and Poniatowski, or some other eminent foreigner. 
 WThy, there are seven generals represented in that picture 
 
41 
 
 -whicli is to be found all over our Badger State to-day, and 
 there is only one American among them who is recognized as 
 having had any part or parcel in achieving the independence 
 of these colonies, and that one, by the grace of God and Ger- 
 many, is George Washington. 
 
 And yet, I -wotild not have you think for a moment that 
 -we have not national Germans among us. It so happens that 
 the man whose name stands third on our list of membership 
 is a citizen who can hardly speak the English language to- 
 day without a strong German accent, and yet he said at our 
 last meeting — and, by the way, it took four calls before we 
 •could get our people together— "I have come in defiance of 
 what my neighbors have said; I have come in defiance of the 
 tirades of the press ; I am here because my ancestors came 
 over and took up the gauntlet with the American colonies, 
 and gave me and mine a place among you. I am not a Ger- 
 man to-day. From my grandsire's time, from this time, from 
 now until time immemorial through my descendants, I am 
 an American." You do not begin to dream of the pluck that 
 that took in our community. 
 
 Forgive me that I could not entertain you better. You 
 have all heard the old nursery rhyme of " The Spider and the 
 Fly." Had I dreamed of the fate in store for me to-night, 
 you can depend upon it that this particular victim of a most 
 alluring invitation would have thought twice before venturing 
 in. But I beKeve you will bear me out in the assertion that 
 I am by no means the first misguided little blue-bottle that 
 ias had to succumb to an indomitable Webb. 
 
 <;|9 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 JOHN C. CALHOUN. 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen : I did not know until yes- 
 terday that I was to be a guest at this hospitable board to- 
 night. When I received the telegram from your President 
 yesterday evening, requesting me to respond to a toast, I re- 
 plied that the time was too short for me to do justice to such , 
 a subject. I must say, however, that I am deeply impressed 
 with the importance of this organization and the great bene- 
 fits which are to be derived from its extension in the 
 future. 
 
 There are some questions that are of mutual interest to us 
 all. I come from the State of South Carolina, which was the- 
 first to secede from this Union twenty-five years ago. She 
 was true to her convictions. JiTothing but the great war of 
 four years through which we passed could have settled the 
 divisions in this nation. I am one of those who believe in 
 plain, outspoken words, because plain understandings make- 
 long friendships. The issues of that war have been decided 
 upon the field of battle, and when I gave up my sword at the 
 surrender of General Johnston in North Carolina, the issues, 
 of the past were dead with me, and I am sure they are with 
 that section which I represent. There are, however, before 
 us many questions which can only be settled by the whole 
 country and not by a party; and the greatest of all of those 
 questions to-day which rise before us paramount to everything 
 else in this great country, is the negro question in the South. 
 The devotion of the Southern people to the negro himself, and 
 
43 
 
 their faith, and their love for their former masters can be best 
 illustrated by an incident which I will relate to you as having- 
 happened to me about ten or fifteen years afterthe war ended. 
 I returned to my home in South Carolina, where a number of 
 my former slaves called upon me after an absence of fifteen 
 years, and the old foreman, "Wash" — George Washington 
 was his name, but we called him " Wash " — stepping- 
 to the front, addressed me as " Massa Johnnie," and 
 said, "We have called upon you to-night to express our 
 gratitude at your ha-ving returned to this country, and to say 
 that we want to see something of you while you are here. My 
 -wife, Hannah, who was your mother's cook, and myself have 
 bought a little home about two miles from here, and we want 
 to ask you if you wont come out and eat dinuer -with us to- 
 morrow?" I said, "Wash, with a great deal of pleasure I 
 will come." On the next day I m.ounted a horse and rode 
 over two miles to Wash's home, where he had bought a 
 hundred acres of land near Camden, South Carolina, the 
 homestead of my ancestors. When I went to the house, a log 
 cabin -with two rooms, I found Hannah, who was my mother's 
 old cook, and had provided many a good dinner for my 
 mother's guests at our homestead. I knew just how it would 
 be. There was only one plate at the table and that was for 
 me. There was banquet enough to have served fifteen or 
 twenty people. There was a tablecloth on the table with a 
 hole in it and the initials of my family. It was one that my 
 mother had given her, and around the room were photographs 
 of the children of my father's family. Old Hannah was 
 loquacious, but " Wash " was dignified, kept his arms folded 
 during the whole dinner and did not open his mouth. Han- 
 nah asked me all about the different members of the family 
 and all sorts of questions, and finally said, "Massa Johnnie, 
 I want you to come outside and see all the people." I went 
 outside and there were fifty or a hundred of my father's old 
 negroes who had dressed up and come there to meet me. I 
 had never eaten a dinner in my life that had given me such 
 pleasure, and had never enjoyed an occasion so much in my 
 
u 
 
 life as I did to go out and shake tands -with, tliose wlio had 
 laeen my companions in my early life, and those "who had 
 ^own Tip since. They were all glad to see me, and I spent 
 an hour and a half or two hours with them. I went over to 
 Atlanta, Georgia, and sent them back a number of barrels of 
 sugar and sacks of cofEee to be distributed among them as 
 m.ementoes of the occasion. I simply mention this to show 
 to you the good feeling that exists between the old mas- 
 ters of the South and the old slaA^es to-day. I, miyself, 
 have had a vast experience with negroes on the Mississippi 
 Eiver since the war, and was one of the first in the South to 
 institute the system of tenants. I recognize the fact that the 
 negro was made a citizen after the war, and was given the 
 right of suffrage, and have endeavored to fit him for the duty 
 of citizenship by interesting him in the products of the soil; 
 upon the ground that a man who has his own home and finds 
 himself surrounded by the products of the soil, takes much 
 more interest in the country and becomes a better citizen. 
 
 I am a great believer in education as a great civilizer, and 
 am one of those of the South who have endeavored to educate 
 the negro. I think I understand him in all his attributes. 
 When he is put under intelligent management, and will fol- 
 low the advice of those who are more competent to administer 
 his affairs, he will succeed. I have had some of them with 
 me in Mississippi make enough money to go into the interior 
 and buy homes of their own, but within three years have had 
 them return to me and say, "Look here, I want my same land 
 back again." "What has become of the home you bought?" 
 " I done mortgaged it to Mr. Myer or somebody, some store- 
 keeper, and he has foreclosed and took it away from me. I 
 want my home back again." The great trouble is that the 
 negroes of the South are not competent to manage their own 
 affairs, and they want efficient and intelligent management, 
 and I am one of those who don't want to see the negro problem 
 left to the South alone. Seven millions of negroes are a very 
 serious element in the South, but, when scattered throughout 
 the great population of this country, sink into insignificance. 
 
45 
 
 1 ■want to see tlie intelligence of tlie North, unite with, that 
 of the South and find the solution of this trouhle, which, has 
 uot been reached to-day. 
 
 Now, gentlemen, I am not going to make a speech, be- 
 cause I did not come here prepared for that purpose; but I 
 only make one sentiment, -which is, the success and prosperity 
 of this organization of the Sons of the American Revolution. 
 Let us strive as citizens of one country to take that flag and 
 carry it into every part of the world and make it the highest 
 •emblem of modern civilization. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 COL. ETHAN ALLEN. 
 
 ETHAN ALLEN AND THE GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS. 
 
 Col. Ethan Allen began by referring to a Marshal of France, whose- 
 portrait hangs at Versailles ; who, by the fortune of battle, had lost an eye, 
 an ear, an arna and a leg in the service of his coimtry. The old warrior 
 thanked God that he still had left his heart to oSer to his country. He 
 continued in substance : 
 
 I have often thouglit ttat our heroes of the Revolution 
 were epitomized by this soldier of France. We ■who are here 
 assembled are not organized for a holiday purpose. There is 
 work. We need an American sentiment. When a foreigner- 
 visits our shores, he he jockey or prince, the newspapers are- 
 filled with his views, telling what he thinks of us. We- 
 want a sentiment which shall change that, and make foreign- 
 ers anxious to know what we think of them. Oh, for an 
 Ethan Allen in our diplomacy, who once defied the tempter- 
 who offered to bribe and seduce him from his allegiance, and 
 who, by his defiance, proved before the world that, " By the- 
 Great Jehovah," he was every inch a man. It stirs us to our 
 very centre when we read, as we have lately, that a represent- 
 ation of this great power at foreign courts have bent the 
 cringing knee to kingly power, and, after kissing the hand of 
 royalty, have gone to their o-wn banqueting table, and that 
 the first toast has been "The traditions and the history of the 
 United States and their similarity to the history and the des- 
 potism" to which they were accredited. We say to our- 
 representatives, learn that the greatest honor is the majesty- 
 
47 
 
 ^ith which you are clothed by this great governmeBt, and 
 that the Republican head, which is surrounded with a halo of 
 liberty, intelligence and progress, ranks with any head in 
 Christendom surmounted by coronet or crown. 
 
 We have already done much for the world besides that 
 -which was done simply for our own advantage. It was our 
 navy which drove the corsair from the seas. Through their 
 prowess, for more than half a century, not a hostile gun has 
 vexed the commerce of the world. Tho corsairs of the land 
 remain ; and to remove them is the work marked out for this 
 organization of Sons of the American Revolution. The noble 
 knights of the feudal ages still hold sway. They now take on 
 the names of kings and emperors. From London, we hear of 
 dens of infamy, kept only for the patronage of the creatures 
 who flutter around the throne. From Berlin we hear of 
 lettres de cachet, the cruel instruments of tyranny, by which 
 people may be captured, imprisoned and condemned, by 
 autocratic will, and no one bound to tell the reason why. 
 And from further East we hear of human beings being tor- 
 tured by the refinement of cruelty, men dying from starva- 
 tion and worse, and women uttering their death shrieks be- 
 neath the Russian lash. The people of those countries plead 
 to us as their only hope and refuge. It is our duty to extend 
 to them the hand of sympathy, as one might say to them, 
 " Arise and walk.'' 
 
 We are the wealthiest nation in the world. We are the 
 strongest. We have 7,000,000 fighting men, and our bayonets 
 and swords think. We are the freest nation. America is the 
 beacon of hope to all mankind. The time is coming when 
 other nations must be remanded to the rear, as having had 
 their day. May the Sons of the American Revolution speed 
 the time. The world shall hear and understand, that, al- 
 though the fathers of our Revolution have been gathered to 
 their graves, yet their "souls are marching on." 
 
ADDEESS BY 
 
 HON. WARNER NIILLE^R. 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen : — I appear here to-night 
 as a guest of the Sons of the American Revolution. I barely 
 escaped being a host. Some time ago, when the society was 
 being organized in the State of New York, I was asked to be- 
 come one of its charter memibers. The papers were sent me 
 for my signature. I was too busy then in politics or in busi- 
 ness to sign and respond. But I cannot say that I regret it, 
 Mr. President, for to be a guest at this hospitable board is 
 certainly a thing to be prized more than the holding of the 
 position of host. It has given me great pleasure to be here 
 to-night, first, chiefly, to meet my friend, Mr. Depew, with 
 whom I have been associated somewhat in the last few days, 
 and to find him in such good spirits. I only regret that, hav- 
 ing fired his shot, he has left us. On Monday night and 
 Tuesday of this week, I think he was the bluest and most 
 disconsolate man I ever knew. I do not think he had the 
 slightest idea then of ever being a candidate for President of 
 the United States. To-night he stood up smiliug, when our 
 toastmaster nominated him for the next Presidency, and he 
 accepted it without the slightest hesitation. I have no doubt 
 whatever, that, if we had had the benefit of the efforts of the 
 Sons of the American Revolution at Chicago in 1888, we 
 might have made him. President then; and I am very sure 
 that, if we could have rallied this association at Washington 
 a few days ago, we should have come out triumphant there. 
 
49 
 
 I "was struck -witli Mr. Depew's proposition tliat for more- 
 than one hundred years we had forgotten our fathers, that we 
 had ceased to celebrate their virtues and to dwell upon their 
 great exploits and heroism. There may be somewhat of truth 
 in that criticism, and yet I feel that it is not fully true. We 
 have not during these hundred years and more, forgotten the 
 virtues of our ancestors, and if there may be something of 
 truth in the criticism, may this not come from the fact that 
 during this century we ourselves and our immediate prede- 
 cessors have taken up the contest which our Revolutionary 
 fathers laid down, and that, after having achieved the inde- 
 pendence of this country, they found before them a great con- 
 tinent, which was to be subdued and brought into civilization.. 
 That work has been done, Mr. President, in a very large part.. 
 One hundred years ago our civilization was confined to a nar- 
 row strip upon the Atlantic coast ; it had not yet really scaled 
 the Alleghany Mountains. I do not forget that bold pioneers 
 from North Carolina and from Virginia had gone over the 
 mountains and had done what the representative of Tennessee 
 here to-night has related, and had made a Constitution for a 
 free government. Nevertheless, we were then substantially 
 confined to a narrow strip upon the Atlantic coast. During 
 this one hundred years, if we have forgotten our fathers, we 
 certainly have been emulating to a certain extent their energy 
 and their heroism, for we have conquered a continent. From 
 the Atlantic to the Pacific, there is to-day no foot of land 
 which we do not possess, no foot of land which our enterpris- 
 ing and energetic citizens have not traversed, have not sur- 
 veyed and have not brought out its full value, whether it be 
 in mineral land, or agricultural or in timber. To-day we 
 have, perhaps, come down to the time when we can properly 
 rest; and when we can glorify ourselves upon what our 
 forefathers have done. Perhaps we have come to that period 
 in our history when our greatness is chiefly a borrowed great- 
 ness ; when we inherit our wealth and our title and our posi- 
 tion in society, and all the great blessings which come to us 
 from modern civilization ; and still I am not willing for a sin- 
 
50 
 
 gle moment to admit that we have come to that position. 
 •Certainly in a place like this I -would not admit it for a single 
 moment. I look around me and I see scores of gentlemen who 
 look harmless, who look mild as lambs and innocent as doves, 
 who dress in the regalia of modern society, who would pass 
 anywhere as elegant gentlemen, but still who in the past 
 twenty-five years have engaged in as many heroic and brave 
 ■enterprises as the history of the world can produce ; though 
 they may not weigh more than one hundred and fifty pounds 
 .avordupois, and who, perhaps, may have very slender mus- 
 cles, yet who, by the power of their intellects have led hun- 
 dreds of thousands of men to brave encounters, and who have 
 ■done credit to our race, to our forefathers, and to our nation, 
 not only at home but in foreign lands, Mr. President. No, 
 we are not the degenerate sons of the American Revolution. 
 Although we may take our ease at banquets like this, yet the 
 history of the past quarter of a century teaches us that when- 
 ever our country shall call upon its best blood and its best 
 intellect, it will always find them among that class of our 
 people who are the best educated and who hold closest in 
 their hearts the memory of our ancestors. 
 
 I have listened with much interest to the words which 
 have been spoken by the representatives here of Tennessee 
 .and of South Carolina, in regard to one of the great burning 
 ■questions of the day. I do not propose to discuss it at all ; but 
 I will say that the words of wisdom that have been spoken 
 here, the words of patriotism, lead me to believe that, perhaps 
 from this common ground of the Sons of the American Revo- 
 lution, where the blue and the gray may meet upon a perfect 
 equality, perhaps much may be done towards solving this 
 ■diflB.cult problem, and that, by the same loyal spirit that made 
 -one people out of the thirteen Colonies, we shall be able, in 
 the very near future, Mr. President, to bring out of the pres- 
 ent contest upon this question, a condition of affairs which 
 shall prove that the loyalty of American citizens, that the 
 loyalty and patriotism of the Sons of the American Revolu- 
 tion, are sufficient at all times and under all conditions to 
 
51 
 
 settle all great questions tliat may come before the American 
 people. Therefore, to-night, in these few words, and simply 
 as a guest of this association, I desire to thank you and the 
 society for the pleasure which you have given, not only to 
 me, but to all the guests that have assembled here from the 
 "various States of the Union ; to thank you for bringing us 
 here in order that we might witness and know more of the 
 spirit and the intention of this society. Finally, in conclusion, 
 I believe that the spirit which has organized this society; 
 which is evinced here to-night, is destined to carry it to a 
 great future and a great success. 
 
:mmM::m:m.m^^m 
 
 ADDEESS BY 
 IVIAJOR J. C. KINNEY. 
 
 "CONNECTICUT IN THE KE VOLUTION." 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen : — What could tlie most 
 silver-tongued of after-dinner orators do at such an hour as 
 this, with such a theme as you have assigned to me, with the- 
 knowledge that he has less than five minutes to give to it. 
 There is no good son of Connecticut who is not proud of 
 her, proud of her from the days back 250 odd years ago,, 
 when, begging the pardon of my friend from Tennessee, cer- 
 tain of her citizens met in the goodly town of Hartford, and 
 there framed and adopted the first written Constitution of a. 
 self-governing people that the world ever knew, proud of her' 
 from that day down to her latest patent invention to sav& 
 labor, to increase knowledge, to promote comfort, to destroy 
 life, or to put a nickel in the slot. They are particularly 
 proud, sir, of her Revolutionary record. Of the thirteen 
 Colonies, Connecticut was the only one which had a Governor 
 that dared to champion the cause of the commonwealth against 
 the crown — ^noble Jonathan Trumbull, perhaps better known 
 as Washington's "Brother Jonathan." We have a lineal 
 descendant bearing the same name with us here to-night, the 
 honored Vice-President of the Connecticut Society. 
 
 The little Nutmeg State, as she is sometimes contemptuously 
 called, furnished more men to the Revolutionary struggle 
 
53 
 
 than any other State, with the single exception of Massachu- 
 setts. I am inclined to think, that if we take the proportion 
 of population into consideration, she stood ahead of Massa- 
 chusetts. She gave of her sons forty thousand. New York, 
 now the Empire State, gave less than eighteen thousand In 
 all the battles and campaigns around this little island, Con- 
 necticut had more men in the field than any other State, and 
 twice as many as New York. 
 
 I mention these few frozen facts of history merely to give 
 you an idea of what I might say to you, if I had a week in- 
 stead of five minutes in which to talk. I believe, in this dis- 
 tinguished assemblage, to-night, that if a show of hands could 
 be called, more men would be found claiming ancestry from 
 Connecticut than from any other State. 
 
 I bring to you, Mr. President and gentlemen, the greeting 
 of the Connecticut Society. Only eleven months old, it has a 
 membership of over three hundred, and on its rolls are names 
 by the score, which represent the household names of heroes 
 of a century ago. At our first dinner, a week ago, at one 
 table there were seated the lineal descendants of Jonathan 
 Trumbull, Israel Putnam, Oliver Wolcott, Jedediah Hunt- 
 ington and Timothy Dwight, and not far away were the 
 representatives of Roger Sherman, Oliver Ellsworth and Jere- 
 miah Wadsworth. 
 
 We are grieved to know that a society in this city, whose 
 President and Treasurer and perhaps one-third of its mem- 
 bership point with pride to their Connecticut ancestry, is un- 
 willing to recognize Connecticut's equal right with New York 
 or any other State in an organization whose chief object is to 
 perpetuate the memory of those ancestors. We are pleased 
 and proud of the fact that the new and vigorous New York 
 State Society, selected for its President a gentleman who, 
 while the whole nation is proud of him, himself, like most 
 other truly great men, traces his Revolutionary ancestry back 
 into old Connecticut. And, finally, we take satisfaction in 
 the fact that our little State furnished to the National Society 
 the distinguished ancestry of our President-General, in that 
 
5i 
 
 gallant soldier and friend of Washington, General Samuel 
 BlatcUey Webb, one of the founders of the Society of Cin- 
 cinnati, at "whose old mansion In Wethersfield, Washington 
 met "with the Count de Eochambeau, and planned the cam- 
 paign "which ended in the "victory of the Continental cause at 
 Yorkto"wn and the surrender of Corn"wallis. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 TvIR. GEORGE^ G. BENE^DICT. 
 
 President Webb and Brother Descendants of the Men of 
 the American Revolution : — They say that Vermonters are a 
 clannisli set, and we have to plead guilty to the ofEense, if 
 such it he. That we are so, is perhaps explained, in part, by 
 the fact that Vermont had a unique Revolutionary history. 
 Our little State, as you know, was never a colony of the 
 mother country. It never passed through any period of ter- 
 ritorial tutelage. A portion of debateable ground, claimed 
 by New York and New Hampshire, it stood up for itself and 
 declared itself to be an independent commonwealth. It or- 
 ganized its own government, it established its own postal 
 system, it appointed its own Postmaster-General, it coined 
 money, and exercised other powers and attributes of 
 sovereignty. Denied admission to the new Union, Vermont 
 for thirteen years raaintained this attitude of independence, 
 yet it was as loyal to the cause of American Independence as 
 if it had been one of the old thirteen States whose first-born 
 child it in time became. 
 
 The commissioners that took to the Continental Congress 
 the announcement of the organization of the Independent 
 Commonwealth of Vermont, tendered to the Congress the ser- 
 vices of five thousand hardy freemen for the maintenance of 
 American Independence. As there could hardly have been 
 five thousand families in the State of Vermont, this was an 
 offer of a man from every household. And if you will turn 
 to our records, you will find our little State in its penury, for 
 
56 
 
 it was still a -wilderness, appropriating large sums for the 
 maintenance of its troops in the field. It furnished two full 
 regiments to the Continental Army, and it offered to pay their 
 expenses from its own treasury. The Green Mountain boys, 
 under Ethan Allen, captured the first forts, those of Ticon- 
 deroga and Crown Point (powerful works, armed with over 
 two hundred cannon) taken from the British. They de- 
 fended alone, their own territory and part of New York, and 
 they fought side by side with their brothers of the other 
 States throughout the war of the Eevolution. 
 
 . Now, sir, having such a history, of which this is but a 
 single page, we have learned to be somewhat proud of our 
 Revolutionary record; but, sir, there is nothing exclusive 
 about us. Vermont is the only State of which it can be said, 
 that to-day more than one half as many of her sons reside in 
 other States as reside within its boundaries. The last census 
 showed that ; the next census will perhaps show that nearly 
 two-thirds as many native Vermonters reside in other States 
 as are found within our own borders. Having thus brothers 
 in all the States, we are bound to them all by ties o.f blood as 
 well as of patriotism, and we fraternize most cordially with 
 every other branch of this society. 
 
 Permit me to say, in this connection, in reference to a 
 somewhat widely circulated statement to the effect that the 
 "Vermont Society hesitated about joining the National organi- 
 zation, that I am not aware upon what fact or misconception 
 that statement was based. I know of no foundation for it; 
 on the contrary, we have from the first expected to belong to 
 the National organization, whenever it should be organized, 
 and we gave to it our early and complete adherence. And so, 
 taking no more time, I say, long life and health to our genial 
 host to-night, our worthy and eflScient President-General, 
 whose efforts to make our organization truly national, I am 
 sure we all appreciate and applaud. We of the Green Hills 
 have been glad to adopt him, as almost a Vermonter, for his 
 summer home is on land granted to his ancestor for patriotic 
 service in the State of Vermont, and we claim him as half a 
 
57 
 
 "Vennonter. And long life and health to our Ifational Society 
 and its affiliated branches in the various States, which are 
 already doing so much to strengthen patriotic sentiments 
 throughout our land, and are destined to do so much more to 
 cement the States together by the strong ties of fraternal feel- 
 ing, in a true and indissoluble union of hearts as well as of 
 sovereign, sister commonwealths. 
 
 ^ 
 
ADDEESS BY 
 GENERAL J. G. IVt'CULLOUGH. 
 
 Ilr President : — I did not expect to be called on to say any- 
 thing, nor was my appearance to be a part of this entertain- 
 ment. Besides, the time has flown so rapidly and pleasantly 
 that you may not realize the fact, though such it is, that the 
 "noon of night " has already passed, and that you are now 
 trespassing on the forbidden hours of the Sabbath. 
 
 Dr. Webb deserves all commendation for bringing us to- 
 gether on this occasion, and on the very handsome and happy 
 manner in which all the appointments have been fulfilled. 
 And, even at this late, or rather, early hour, I may be ex- 
 cused for saying a word. 
 
 In these latter days, when on almost every festive occasion 
 and at every appropriate gathering (and sometimes inappro- 
 priate ones) we hear sung, and sung worthily, the praises of 
 the virtues and the valor of the sons and survivors of the 
 War of the Rebellion, upon the one side or the other, it is surely 
 something grateful and unusual to know and to hear that the 
 fathers have not been entirely forgotten; that without the 
 fathers there would have been no sons, and that the fathers 
 of these sons were the men who wrought out and constructed 
 the edifice which the deeds of the sons preserved. It is 
 supremely fitting, therefore, that occasions like this should be 
 offered, when, by speech and song, the memories of the sires 
 of the Revolution may be revived, and — going back a century 
 — ^the recollections of those who stood sponsors at the birth of 
 the Nation may be rehearsed, and the old story, no, the story. 
 
59 
 
 that never grows old, may be retold again and again of the 
 deeds that were done from Lexington to Yorktown. The 
 shot at Lexington is still reverberating around the "world. 
 Emerson's " embattled farmers" and their compatriots from 
 '75 to '81, aye, to '89, whether on field or in council chamber, 
 grow greater in the world's estimation the more their lives 
 are studied and the history of the long struggle is investi- 
 gated; and any society, whether the Order of the Cincinnati, 
 or the Sons of the American Revolution, or any other that 
 will encourage the study of the stalwart virtues of the found- 
 ers of the Eepublic, is worthy of imitation and commenda- 
 tion. All history teaches us that the greatest nations have 
 ever been the proudest of their ancestors. It was true of 
 Greece and Rome, and it is true of England; yet we would 
 fain believe that no nation, either of ancient or modern 
 times, was ever born beneath a luckier star, or opened its 
 young eyes under more auspicious skies than our own Colum- 
 bia. We believe her to be what the Revolutionary poet 
 claimed she was : 
 
 "The queen of the world and the child of the skies." 
 Yes, and her sons can never be made too familiar with every 
 incident that occurred at Bunker Hill, every deed that was 
 done at Cowpens, at Valley Forge, or at Yorktown ; every 
 earnest word that was spoken in debate, every patriotic 
 phrase that was uttered, every patriotic aspiration that was 
 breathed on the floor of Carpenter's Hall or Independence 
 Hall, or during the sittings of the Constitutional Conven- 
 tion. 
 
 And, Mr. President, if the time should ever come when 
 the descendants of those who fought for and achieved our 
 independence, who won our freedom, and by wise counsels 
 imbedded it in a written constitution, who framed the most 
 magnificent fabric, and organized and set in motion the 
 finest mechanism or representative government the world has 
 thus far witnessed, shall forget the lessons of wisdom and of 
 patriotism to be learned at the cradle of the great republic, 
 they will have outlived their constitution and their country; 
 
60 
 
 but we are persuaded such, time ■will never come, and they 
 -will never forget. This society at least, and such as this, we 
 would gladly believe, will always keep brightly burning 
 the fires of patriotism on the altar of our country, 
 and will serve in great measure to transmit this priceless 
 heritage with all its attendant blessings unimpaired and undi- 
 minished to the latest posterity. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 TvIR. JOHN ^V. BUCHANAN, 
 
 Secretary of the ICentuclcy Society of tine Sons of tin© 
 American Revoliition. 
 
 Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: — It is generally under- 
 stood in Kentucky that when one gentleman insults another, 
 the result is an apology, a fight, or a foot race. 
 
 I think the same rule ought to prevail on occasions of this 
 kind; that when a gentleman is called upon for a speech, he 
 ■ought to respond, or apologize, and I want to say I am now 
 ready to apologize. 
 
 My impulse is to run, but to run would be to disgrace the 
 State whose representative I am to-night, and would also, 
 probably, cause my revolutionary ancestors to turn over in 
 their graves. 
 
 The of&ce which I hold in the Kentucky Society of the 
 Sons of the American Revolution is not that of orator, but of 
 one whose duty it is to record what others may say and do — 
 the oflBLce of Secretary. 
 
 I am to-night in the predicament of a cavalryman I once 
 heard of, who, during the late war, got lost from his com- 
 mand, and, consequently, became confused. Seeing a lady 
 standing at a gate by the roadside, he stopped his horse and 
 said to her politely, " Madam, will you be kind enough to tell 
 me where I am now, and how far it is to the next place ? " 
 
 I cannot better express my appreciation of this dinner 
 than by telling you that I left my wife and two small sons of 
 
63 
 
 the American Eevolution, and braved th.e perils of nearly a 
 thousand miles of railroad travel in order to be here to-night, 
 that being my sole object in making the journey. 
 
 I have truly enjoyed this dinner in all its courses except 
 the one I am now furnishing, and -which, I assure you, I did 
 not know was on the card. 
 
 I have heard that it is a common belief outside of Ken- 
 tucky, that all Kentuckians are at least six feet tall, and that all 
 are gifted with oratory. Somebody has said that the first sen- 
 tence framed by all Kentucky boy babies is, ' 'Friends and fellow 
 citizens ;" but, gentlemen, I can refute those impressions, for, 
 as you see, I am only five feet seven inches long, and I am 
 sure that, as to oratory, I can secure from this audience a 
 unanimous verdict of "not guilty, as charged in the indict- 
 ment;" but I can at least thank you for the compliment 
 implied by calling upon me for a speech. I regret that there 
 is no silver-tongued orator present from Kentucky to-night, 
 to sound the praises of that State, famous the world over for 
 its beautiful women, its brave men, its horses fleeter than the 
 Arabian barb, its clear water and fragrant mint, and that 
 other ingredient so necessary for the compounding of a drink 
 said to be fit for the gods — commonly called a mint julep — 
 and I will say parenthetically, famous also for occasional 
 shooting scrapes; but, as Mr. Blaine said about the trusts, 
 " They are largely private affairs in which the public is not 
 concerned;" but my regret is tempered by the pleasing 
 reflection that all of you, or at least most of you, will be in 
 Louisville at the Annual Convention of the National Society 
 on the 30th of April, at which time Kentucky will speak for 
 herself. 
 
ADDRESS BY 
 REV. WTvI. R. PARSONS, 
 
 PRESIDENT OHIO S. A.. R. 
 
 (Prepared, but not delivered, owlner to the lateness of the hour,) 
 
 "our revolutionary fathers. " 
 
 Long ago, one of the ancients said most beautifully, that, 
 *' We never begin to live till we are dead," and this remark 
 applies -with gi-eat force to our Revolutionary fathers. Illus- 
 trious men ! How vast their fame, how sublime their integ- 
 rity, how exalted their virtues ? To them we give our 
 enlightened admiration, sincere gratitude, and profound 
 respect. From them we received our genius for political 
 institutions. The Americans in their form of government 
 have the most perfect examples of liberty, based on constitu- 
 tional law, the world has yet seen. All this is in harmony 
 with the genius of the people. Our fathers were not experi- 
 menting with unknown forces and untried methods; they 
 rather combined with an organic whole, growths and forces 
 long familiar to them. Local self-government in the colonies 
 had prepared the way for this — experience and race instinct 
 was brought to its crown and glory. 
 
 And as the race progresses, the historian will accord them 
 still higher veneration. For their names and fame will give 
 immeasurable significance to integrity the most pure, justice 
 the most inflexible, and self-sacrifice the most sublime. 
 
 As we go back to the beginning, and let that be the year 
 1789, we see the talent, the learning, the courage and virtue, 
 
64 
 
 patriotism and moral law that united in order to realize the 
 meaning of the term "liberty." This moral law, beauty and 
 dignity, sustained by energy, by wisdom, at their touch 
 became creative, and Liberty herself was crowned immortal. 
 So man in his jural relations with others can realize liberty in 
 its fullness by developing his self-hood, yet under the moral 
 law which recognizes the rights of others. 
 
 The equal rights of man, personal liberty as we under- 
 stand it, was all unknown to the republics of Greece and 
 Rome ; it is only in the last quarter of the last century, that 
 what we now speak of as equality and liberty, took hold of 
 the life of the world. 
 
 High and noble ideas of citizenship need to be strength- 
 ened and enthused among our whole people. As noble deeds 
 are more potential than words, if we live up to the level of 
 our best thinking, in our social and political relations, as in 
 our private life, then our beneficent system of government is 
 safe. Would we be abreast of time, then we must be strong 
 in soul power, clearness of vision and individual personality. 
 
 The grand mien of the Revolution had a genius for phil- 
 osophy, power of reflection, that separated them from all 
 false authority. They had a genius for humanity, power of 
 instinct which made them despise the practice of such as said 
 and did not, though they had lordly titles and claimed divine 
 rights. The day will come when the great humanity will 
 look upon these majestic men, sympathetic with unmeasured 
 and unwasting love. They will be changed into their image 
 and likeness, and speak their highest word and emulate their 
 glory. We know that since their higher and better thought 
 have visited our race, a new power has been consciously 
 among us. Their grandeur was enhanced by a greatness of 
 the highest type. They were the great strategists, majestic 
 chiefs who planned campaigns, whose field should be an 
 empire, and whose duration an age. What they did, tells 
 what they were ! In all the past, there is naught so grand 
 or brilliantly triumphant. Their greatness is the climax 
 of our joy and our confidence. 
 
65 
 
 Wlien we ponder the Mstory of these stalwart men, what 
 they thought, said and accomplished, we feel the power of 
 their inner life — so intensely active, grand and interesting. 
 They had new and snhlime thoughts for their thinking. 
 They sowed a continent with ideas and principles that 
 brought forth a harvest of immeasurable good; that hav& 
 filled the whole land with songs and shoutings. Here 
 flourished the irrepressible convictions of the rights of man. 
 A prophecy of what must be — ^the infinite right. 
 
 This is a rare occasion — an occasion for gratitude and con- 
 gratulations. For congratulations that this l^ational Society 
 of the Sons of the American Revolution had perfected its 
 organization, and has been so fortunate in its chosen offi- 
 cers. 
 
 This companionship, this elect company, these devoted, 
 men, help us in our homely every-day lives. Life is made 
 up, for the most part, of little pains and little pleasures. 
 The great wonder flowers do not bloom for every one ; but 
 any great work that unites men in a grand purpose is such a 
 flower, the fragrance of which will fill the ages. 
 
 Beyond the immediate intentions of this society will be 
 felt the promotion of a national patriotism, that will draw all 
 sections into a nearer and dearer fellowship and kind-hearted 
 interest. This will go on till fraternity shall widen and 
 deepen throughout this broad land. 
 
 The Yankees have a singular collection of words about 
 deacons. They tell us that "all deacons are good deacons, 
 but there is odds in deacons." There is a magnanimity in our 
 association in which we bury our strifes, and guard sacred 
 liberty for all our millions. And no people and no nation 
 was ever so frankly magnanimous as America. This liberty 
 brings us into friendlier familiarity ; for there gathers about 
 us an innumerable company, the heroes of the American 
 Revolution, our fathers, our ancestors. This is a high and 
 holy vision — 
 
 " Not to dwarf us by their stature, but to show 
 To what bigness we may grow. " 
 
66 
 
 The solemn centuries — ^the anointed priests — enthrone the 
 true kings of God. Bunyan is greater to-day than ever. 
 Milton was never so visible in all the outlines of spiritual 
 majesty. Shakespeare communes with the wide world. 
 
 About living men we have opinions, about dead men we 
 have judgments. They are part and parcel of our substance 
 and destiny. Here, a free country grows free men, and free 
 men honor the responsibilities of liberty. To-night our 
 gracious task has been eulogy, and its flowers are not dead; 
 but rooted in earth and sun. In all this there is comfort, 
 priceless, full and abiding. For we believe in deferred grati- 
 tude — ^it inspires eulogy, and all that is magnanimous in 
 justice. These men of the Revolution were the creators of 
 prophecies, poems and progress. The memories which we 
 memorialize work like a spell upon the imagination and 
 reverence, and are in the keeping of universal love — which 
 educates toward completeness and liberty. 
 
 "When the war drum throbs no longer, 
 When the battle flag is furled, 
 In the parliament of man — 
 The federation of the world." 
 
 The revolutionary fathers were the product of the mighty 
 past. They were in the long schooling of the ages. They 
 had pressed through the horrors of a wilderness prepara- 
 tion, and hailed the coming of the great and notable day 
 when monarchy on this continent should be smitten to the 
 death, and wholly new political philosophy should crowd 
 the highways of time with a new order of people — and the 
 door of a proud nation's capitol should be within the reach 
 of the lonely cabin, and the tow-paths of our inland water- 
 way would lead to the highest office in the gift of any people, 
 of any clime or time. 
 
 We must realize that each generation is destined to con- 
 front new and peculiar perils — to brave some dangers, some 
 new seduction unknown before ; yet, the giant wrongs which 
 we once deemed invulnerable ; how like a dream they have 
 passed away! And is not this progress a general law of 
 
67 
 
 ■our being? There is an ordered life about us, names and 
 memories wMch are a strong tower, "a munition of rocks." 
 But there is a trust and faith that makes a soft pillow for 
 ■Sorrow's cheek, warmth to the clasp of friendship, that ever 
 clings to the hand ; consolations voice an eternal echo on the 
 ■ear. There is a quality in the tone, a luminous smile, the 
 eloquent eye and we feel a related life. It is like the ministry 
 of dew in nature — it adds something to the rarest beauty, and 
 multiplies the sun-flash that falls on it like a blessing. 
 
 There is a legend among the dwellers by the Rhine, that 
 on one night in every year, when the moon is at its full, the 
 great Imperial Charles emerges from his tomb, and again 
 visits the scenes he loved on earth. When the moonbeams 
 fall on the noble river and fling from bank to bank a bridge 
 of light, upon that bridge of moonbeams the monarch walks, 
 calling down blessings upon all the German land. He blesses 
 the earth, the corn-fields, the cities, the towns, the sleeping 
 people, all, and his loving mission ended, he retires softly to 
 his resting place. 
 
 These traditions and legends may be an idle fancy, but I 
 can think that in this vast city to-night, the founders of the 
 republic are here by their genius and spirit — they are here to 
 renew in every thoughtful heart the patriotism that fired 
 their own. They are here in all that constitutes us a brave, 
 free and united people. They are here in all their sublime 
 integrity, which poured itself into our whole land, and so 
 made America magnanimous and transcendent in glory before 
 the world. 
 
 And now I conclude by repeating : ' ' We never begin to 
 live till we are dead." While they lived they wrote the 
 prophecy, and the parable of the unseen, and the sublime 
 possibilities of America. Beginning with the colonies and 
 coming down to our times, we have been gathering and stor- 
 ing their chief ideas, their supreme convictions, divine right 
 of liberty in man. Organized institutional liberty — liberty 
 through land, and law through liberty. 
 
 What grandeur of spirit ! — beautiful as light, and eternal 
 
68 
 
 as tlie heavens. American ideas, American history, and 
 American feeling ! All for each, and each for all, in endless 
 harmony. And after these long years, we see what our 
 fathers of the revolution saw ; that peaceful rule and popular 
 contentment find their chief support in religion and morality. 
 And as we look at our immense wealth, our national growth 
 and prosperity and political wisdom, we must make our hum- 
 ble confession in the language of Washington when he said : 
 
 "It is substantially true that virtue or morality is a 
 necessary spring of popular government." 
 
LETTERS. 
 
 Senate, Paris, February 29th, 1890. 
 * Mr. President: — I am very sensible of the honor conferred 
 npon me by the invitation which you have so kindly extended 
 me to attend the banquet of the Sons of the American Revo- 
 lution on March 1st, at New York, over which you have the 
 honor to preside. I should have been delighted to assist at a 
 manifestation so eminently patriotic, replete with associations 
 dear to me as well as to yourself ; my parliamentary duties, 
 however, as Senator, have such imperative claims on me that 
 I am perforce compelled to stay at home. While conscious 
 of the distinction implied by your invitation, I can but beg 
 of you to accept my sincere thanks for the gratification that 
 I feel at your remembrance of one so fortunate as to be the 
 possessor of a name which neither you nor I will ever forget. 
 Mr. President, accept this expression of my regrets, and 
 also of my lively gratitude ; and also convey to your colleagues 
 the assurance of my most distinguished consideration. 
 
 Edmond de Lafayette, 
 Senateur de la Republique Francaise. 
 
 War Department, 
 Office of the Secretary, 
 Washington, D. C, Feb. 27th, 1890. 
 My Dear Sir: — In my letter to you of the 8th instant, ac- 
 cepting your invitation for Saturday evening, March 1st, to 
 meet the representatives and members of the Societies of the 
 
 * Translated. 
 
70 
 
 Sons of the American Revolution, I stated that I might find 
 at a late day that it would be impossible for me to go. I 
 regret that that contingency has arisen, and I must beg you 
 to excuse me as you kindly promised to do in yours of 
 the 11th. 
 
 I the more regret my enforced absence because this 
 gathering recalls a period in our National life which we can 
 not keep too prominently before us. Our people are aggres- 
 sive, and above all, progressive. It is not the present, much 
 less the past, but rather the future which engages the best 
 thought of our country. It has made us probably the most 
 prosperous if not the most powerful country in the world. In 
 the midst, however, of this restless activity, the danger is we 
 may not heed enough what has gone before. The patient 
 struggle and the conservative patriotism of our ancestors in 
 their struggle for the freedom of the colonies and the estab- 
 lishment of this Government, contain lessons which cannot 
 be learned too well. 
 
 The Society of the Sons of the American Re volution, whose 
 object is so distinctively the preservation of these patriotic 
 memories, deserves the largest measure of success. I have 
 been pleased to note the progress it has already made, and 
 also your own personal efforts, as their chief officer, to that 
 end, which deserve great commendation. 
 
 With kindest wishes for this present meeting and the 
 future of the society, I am, 
 
 Yours very respectfully, 
 
 Redfield Proctor. 
 
 Dr. William Seward Webb, 
 President-General, &c.. 
 
 New York City. 
 
 Indianapolis, Ind., Feb. 28th, 1890. 
 W. S. Webb, Esq., President S. A. B. : 
 
 Dear Sir : — I regret my inability to be present at the 
 meeting of the members of the National Society of the Sons 
 of the American Revolution in New York next Saturday. 
 
71 
 
 I most sincerely wish the society success. Its design is 
 certainly in the line of the purest and broadest patriotism, 
 and deserves success. 
 
 It is in no sense exclusive or aristocratic, as it opens wide 
 its doors to the descendants of all who aided in achieving 
 our success in the great Revolutionary struggle, without 
 reference to rank in the army. 
 
 It encourages not only a feeling of love of country, but of 
 universal good will and brotherhood. 
 
 In my judgment, it is especially commendable in tending 
 to promote unity and kindly feeling between sections of our 
 country unfortunately divided in modem times, whose aim 
 now should be to forget these disagreements in the cultiva- 
 tion of the old brotherly love, and the perpetual remembrance 
 of the sore trials and final triumph of our fathers when they 
 stood together as one people in securing that great event in 
 the world's history — the independence of the United States of 
 America. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Wm. H. English. 
 
 Executive Depaktment, 
 Feankfoet, Ky., March 8th, '90. 
 Colonel W. S. Webb, President National Society of the Sons 
 of the American Revolution, New York City : 
 My Deae Sie: — I regret that my time has been so 
 engrossed by the duties devolving upon the executive of the 
 commonwealth during the sittings of the General Assembly, 
 that I have been unable to give to the Society of the Sons of 
 the American Revolution, the attention which so eminently 
 patriotic an association deserves. 
 
 At a time when there seems to be a tendency to organize 
 associations of some other character, which are local or sec- 
 tional in their efforts, if not in their purposes, it is fortunate, 
 I believe, for the future of our country, that we are building 
 our structure on a foundation as broad as the Union, and that 
 its parts will be cemented into a harmonious whole by the 
 
72 
 
 memories of a commoii patriotism, and a common interest 
 and a united struggle resulting in tlie independence and free- 
 dom which. Ave now enjoy. 
 
 We have received this heritage from our fathers. It is 
 for us to do everything that can be done in our day and gen- 
 eration to transmit it with unimpaired glory to those who 
 may come after us. 
 
 Respectfully and truly yours, 
 
 S. B. BUCKNEE. 
 
 Senate Chamber, 
 Washington, D. C, March 8th, 1890. 
 
 Dear Doctor Webb : — Yours of the 4th came duly. I 
 was very sorry not to be able to attend your dinner on the 
 first instant, although I could only receive the society's hos- 
 pitality as a courtesy, for, as I wrote General Peck, at the 
 time of the Revolution, all my ancestors, both paternal and 
 maternal, were active and consistent members of the Society 
 of Friends, and none of them could have be^n, therefore, 
 actively engaged in the military operations of the Revolu- 
 tion. 
 
 I am sure the objects of your society are most interesting 
 and valuable, and if all the worthy lineal descendants of the 
 soldiers of the Revolution become its members, you will have, 
 if there be any confidence to be put in the laws of population, 
 an army much greater than the whole body of the Revolu- 
 tionary Army of the United States. But it will doubtless be 
 a good and patriotic army that always by the forces of peace, 
 when possible, and by military force when necessary, will 
 protect and defend the Republic. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Geo. F. Edmunds. 
 
 Dr. William S. Webb, 
 
 Grand Central Depot, 
 
 New York. 
 
73 
 
 Headquarters Division of the Missouri, 
 Chicago, III., March llth, 1890. 
 W. Seward Webb, M. D., President N. S., S. A. R., New York: 
 
 My Deajr Sir : — I am in receipt of your favor of the 4th 
 inst. , asking my views with reference to the establishment of 
 the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. 
 
 The perpetuity of our institutions and our governments 
 must depend, ultimately, upon the patriotism of our people, 
 and whatever influence tends to develop or keep alive this 
 feeling, deserves to be fostered. 
 
 There has been so much that is glorious in our history to 
 celebrate — especially in the more recent events, which have 
 consolidated our power as a nation, and given strength to the 
 struggling colonies which at first formed our republic — ^that 
 we are inclined to lose sight of and forget the sacrifices of 
 every kind which its establishment imposed upon our Revo- 
 lutionary sires. 
 
 It seems to me that during these anniversary years, when 
 men naturally look backward at the past, the dangers of the 
 present are apt to be lost sight of. That there are elements 
 of danger lurking in our commonwealth, none can deny, and 
 I believe that such organizations as the Society of the Sons of 
 the American Revolution can be made of vast benefit in the 
 present conditions of our country. Pride in the lives of noble 
 ancestors is often the incentive to noble deeds, and what 
 more glorious heritage can any of us have than the fact that 
 our fathers perilled everything that their children might be free. 
 
 If, as many think, we are drifting as a nation away from 
 our old landmarks, that, with our increase in population, 
 drawn so largely from the poorer classes of despotic countries 
 ^freedom so often means license) what can be so likely to 
 bring us back to our moorings, if drifting, and hold us in 
 good anchorage, as such societies, whose object and sole pur- 
 pose is to inculcate and keep alive the feeling of patriotism 
 which was the motive force of our soldier sires. 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 George Crook. 
 
74 
 
 Executive Office, 
 Nashville, Tenn., March 11th, 1890. 
 Hon. W. S. Webb, President, etc., Grand Central Depot,. 
 New York, N. Y.: 
 Deae Sib : — The National Society of the Sons of the Amer- 
 can Revolution have a great work before them. The country- 
 is drifting away from the moorings that were established by 
 our patriotic fathers, and it belongs to this society to re- 
 awaken the patriotic thought of the nation. The Revolution 
 brought more blessings to mankind than any political move- 
 ment ever before or since consummated, and this organization 
 is an assurance that none of its fruits will be lost. The heroes 
 and patriots who effected it are entitled to be perpetually 
 honored and revered. A true American had rather trace his 
 lineage to them than to know that the blue blood of kings 
 coursed in his veins. All honor to the men who created 
 liberty, and may their names be forever revered and the 
 principles they established be forever perpetuated. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Robert L. Tayloe, 
 
 Governor. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa., March 15, 1890. 
 
 My Dear Doctor : — I was extremely sorry that it was im- 
 possible for me to attend the banquet given by you to officers 
 and members of the National Society, and of the various State 
 Societies of the Sons of the American Revolution, on the 1st 
 of March, because I am sure anything which advances the 
 interests of the society cannot fail to be of national ad- 
 vantage. 
 
 Indeed, it seems to me especially desirable at the present 
 time that we should have as often as possible recalled to our 
 recollection the character, standards, virtues and the sacri- 
 fices of the men who at that era conferred such lasting obli- 
 gations upon mankind. There is no exaggeration in the state- 
 ment that no nobler body of men were ever engaged in any 
 
75 
 
 great Mstorical struggle, or certainly the results of no other 
 historical struggle are comparable with the results attained 
 by the Fathers of the Republic in the times that tried men's 
 souls. 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 Wayne MacVeagh, 
 Dr. W. Seward Webb, 
 
 Grand Central Depot, 
 
 New York City. 
 
 Executive Department, 
 State of Vermont, 
 MoNTPELiER, March 25th, 1890. 
 Dr. W. S. Webb, President N. S., S. A. B., Grand Central 
 Depot, New York City.: 
 
 Dear Sir : — I very much regret that I was unable to be 
 present at the dinner recently given by you to gentlemen con- 
 nected with the various societies of the Sons of the American 
 Revolution. I am the more sorry because of the information 
 which has come to me that the sentiments uttered by all the 
 speakers on that occasion were in full accord with the spirit 
 of true liberty which inspired the Revolutionary fathers, and 
 the preservation of which is the hope of our Nation. 
 
 If danger shall threaten the perpetuity of our institutions, 
 it must arise to a great extent from a failure on the part of 
 future generations to properly apprehend the value of the 
 principles for which our fathers fought and a like failure to 
 fully recognize the influence which the establishment of these 
 principles has had, not only on their own lives, but also on 
 the lives of all who have sujBEered oppression the world over. 
 
 If the influence of our association shall be such as to ani- 
 mate the young men of our Nation with that burning love for 
 freedom, that devotion to principles, and that zeal for just and 
 equal laws possessed by those who achieved our independence 
 and established our Government, we need fear no foe, and 
 the association may well be ranked among the most valuable 
 institutions organized for patriotic purposes. 
 
76 
 
 The aim of our order should be to honor those to whom we 
 are indebted for our great heritage, and at the same time to 
 bring forward and exhibit to all, the blessings which have 
 come to the whole world through the recognition and estab- 
 lishment of the principles for which they fought. 
 
 Trusting that the work of the association may go on in 
 its present channels, 
 
 I am, with great respect, 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 W. P. Dillingham. 
 
 New York, March 29th, 1890. 
 Dear Mr . President : — You and your associates are certainly 
 to be congratulated on the efforts you are making to establish 
 the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution through- 
 out the United States. The notable gathering of earnest men 
 at your dinner on March 1st, proved how deeply thoughtful 
 citizens are interested in such a movement. Tradition and 
 history are the roots and strength of patriotism. I can think 
 of no influence more powerful for good in preserving a health- 
 ful and strong national feeling, than such an association of 
 the descendants of the men who were permitted to take part 
 in the Revolution that secured us national existence. It is 
 certainly matter of honest pride with me that my paternal 
 great grandfather carried a musket as a private soldier in the 
 Revolutionary Army. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Stewart L. Woodford. 
 Dr. William Seward Webb, 
 
 President-General N". S., S. A. R., 
 Grand Central Depot, 
 New York. 
 
CONSTITUTION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 National Society of tlie Sons of the American Revolution. 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 NAME. 
 
 The name of this society shall be " Sons of the American Revolution." 
 ARTICLE 11. 
 
 OBJECTS. 
 
 The objects of this society shall be to perpetuate the memory and the 
 spirit of the men who achieved American independence, by the encourage- 
 ment of historical research In relation to the Revolution and the publication 
 of its results, the preservation of documents and relics and of the records 
 of the individual services of Revolutionary soldiers and patriots, and the 
 promotion of celebrations of all patriotic anniversaries ; to carry out the 
 injunction of Washington in his fareweU address to the American people, 
 ' ' to promote, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general 
 diffusion of knowledge," thus developing an enhghtened public opinion, and 
 affording to young and old such advantages as shall develop in them the 
 largest capacity for performing the duties of American citizens ; to cherish, 
 maintain, and extend the institutions of American freedom, to foster true 
 patriotism and love of country, and to aid in securing for maiikind all the 
 blessings of liberty. 
 
 ARTICLE ni. 
 
 MEMBERSHIP. 
 
 Section 1. Any man is eligible for membership who is of the age of 
 twenty-one years, and who is descended from an ancestor, who, with 
 unfailing loyalty, rendered material aid to the cause of American Independ- 
 
78 
 
 ence as a soldier or a seaman, or a civil officer in one of the several Colonies 
 or States, or as a recognized patriot, provided he shall be found worthy. 
 
 Sec. 3. For the purpose of making more nearly perfect the records of 
 our Revolutionary ancestors and their descendants, any woman of Revolu- 
 tionary ancestry may file a record of her ancestor's services and her line of 
 descent with the Registrar, who shaU send a duplicate to the Registrar- 
 General. 
 
 Sec. 3. Any person may be eligible for honorary membership subject 
 to the limitations as to age and descent established in the case of active 
 members. 
 
 Sec. 4. The National Society shall embrace all the members of the 
 Societies of the Sons of the American Revolution now existing or which 
 may be established under this Constitution. Such societies shall regulate 
 all matters relating to their own affairs, and judge of the qualifications of 
 their members or of those proposed for membership, subject to the provis- 
 ions of this Constitution. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Section 1. The ofiicers of the National Society shall be a President- 
 General, three Honorary Vice-Presidents-General, five Vice Presidents- 
 General, a Secretary-General, Treasurer-General, Registrar-General, 
 Historian-General, Surgeon-General and a Chaplain, who shall be elected 
 by ballot by a vote of the majority of the members present at the 
 annual meeting of the Congress of this society, and who shall hold office 
 for one year and until their successors shall be elected, who, together with 
 the Presidents of the State Societies, ex-offldo, shall constitute a General 
 Board of Managers, of which seven shall constitute a quorum. 
 
 Sec. 2. An Executive Committee of seven, of which the President of 
 the General Society shall be the Chairman, may be elected by the Board of 
 Managers, which shall, in the interim between the meetings of the Board,, 
 transact such business as shall be delegated to it by the Board of Managers- 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 
 DUES. 
 
 Each State Society shall pay annually to the Treasurer-General twenty- 
 five cents for each active member thereof. All such dues shall be paid on or 
 bef oi'e the opening of each annual Congress of the National Society to secure- 
 representation therein. 
 
79 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 MEETINGS AND ELECTIONS. 
 
 Section 1. The annual Congress for election of officers and transaction 
 of business shall be held on the 30th day of April or the 1st day of May in 
 every year. 
 
 Sec. 2. The hour and place of such meeting shall be designated by the 
 Board of Managers. 
 
 Sec. 3. Special Meetings shall be called by the President, when directed 
 so to do by the Board of Managers, or whenever requested in writing so to 
 do by twenty-five or more members, representing at least five State Societies, 
 on giving thirty days' notice, specifying the time and place of meeting and 
 the business to be transacted. 
 
 Sec. 4. The' following shall be members of all such (Jeneral or Special 
 Meetings: 
 
 1. All the officers, and ex-Presidents-General, and ex-Vice-Presidents- 
 General of the National Society. 
 
 2. The President and Vice-President of each State Society. 
 8. One delegate-at-large from each State Society. 
 
 4. One delegate for every one hundred members of the Society within 
 a State and for a fraction of fifty or over. 
 
 And shall be entitled to vote therein. 
 
 Also the following named officials who shall be Honorary Members of 
 the National Society, provided they are eUgible to membership in the 
 Society: 
 
 1. The President, the Vice-President, and the Chief Justice of the 
 United States. 
 
 2. The Governors of States and Territories of the Union ; the President 
 of the Senate, the Speaker of the House, and the Secretaries of War and 
 Navy of the United States. 
 
 8. Also the Generals commanding the Army and Admirals of the 
 Navy of the United States. 
 
 Who shall not be entitled to vote. 
 
 ARTICLE VII. 
 
 BY-LAWS. 
 
 The Board of Managers shall have authority to adopt and promulgate 
 the By-Laws of the National Society, to prescribe the duties of its officers, 
 to provide its seal and to designate its insigna. 
 
80 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 AMENDMENTS. 
 
 Amendments to this Constitution may be offei-ed at any meeting of the 
 Society, but shall not be acted on until the next meeting. A copy of 
 every proposed amendment shall be sent to each member, with a notice of 
 the meeting at which the same is to be acted on, at least thirty days 
 prior to said meeting. A vote of two-thirds of those present shall be 
 necessary to its adoption. 
 
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