WrV. ^ '.^ I 
 
QJorttcll lIlmucrHttjj ffiibrarg 
 
 3tl)ata, New fork 
 
 BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 HENRY W. SAGE 
 
 1891 
 
arW8824 '^''""^' ""'■>'««"y Library 
 
 »fiiiiiiB3iiiiii?'iS,,fiI.,S,'3s«*''histo, 
 
 o.in,an^ ^^24 031 415 "j 
 
 89 
 
\\<\ 
 
 Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of tiiis book is in 
 tine Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031415189 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
THOMAS WRIGHT. F.S.A., 
 
 MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE. 
 Author of "The Celt, the Roman, and the Saxon;" 
 
 Edited "The Anglo-Saxon Glossaries," "Feudal Manuals," and many 
 other works. 
 
 modelled FROM THE LIFE AMD OUT IN MARBLE BY GIOVANNI FONTANA 
 
 FOR JOSEPH MAYER. FS.A,, FOR HIS GALLERY OF FRIENDS, 
 
 AT PENNANT HOUSE, BEBUlGTON. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS 
 
 ENGLISH HISTORY, 
 
 A SEMES OF 
 
 POPULAR SKETCHES OF OUR NATIONAL HISTORY, 
 
 COMPILED AT DIlfFERBNT PERIODS, PEOM 
 
 THE THIRTEENTH CENTUEY TO THE FIFTEENTH, 
 FOE THE USE OF THE FEUDAL GENTRY 
 
 ANt) nobility; 
 tWoto first ElJttet from t^e ©rtgtnal iWanugcrtpts, 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS J^IGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., etc., 
 
 CORRESPONDING MEiMBER UF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCR 
 (ACADBMIE DES 1NS0RIPTIOS8 KT BELLES LETTHES). 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION AND AT THE EXPENSE OF 
 JOSEPH MAYEB, Esij , F.S.A., ETC., OF LrVBRPOOL. 
 
 1872. 
 
The Rev. A. HUME, D.D., D.O.L., F.S.A., 
 
 AND 
 
 HENRY CLARKE PIDGEON, Esq., 
 
 MY OOIiLBAGUBS 
 IN FOUNDING THE HISTOHIO SOOIETY OP LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE, 
 
 THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED, 
 
 J 
 
 JOSEPH MAYER. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 INTKODUCTION - 
 
 I, THE FIRST TEXT OF THE MODEL FEUDAL MANUAL, IN THE 
 
 POSSESSION OF MR. MAYER, IN FRENCH - . - 1 
 
 n. THE SECOND TEXT - - - - 38 
 
 III. THE THIRD TEXT - - - - - - 61 
 
 IV. THE FIRST LATIN ROLL - . - - 88 
 V. THE SECOND LATIN ROLL 125 
 
 VI. THE ENGLISH ROLL - . . . - 154 
 
INTEODUCTION. 
 
 The following pages contain a series of examples of a 
 class of documents -which, have hitherto attracted little 
 attention among antiquaries. They consist of rolls of 
 vellum, on which was written with great care, in bold 
 elegant handwriting, a synopsis of English history, from 
 the earliest period to the time at which they were 
 written. They are usually illustrated with drawings, 
 sometimes illuminated, of the kings and their queens and 
 children, whence they have been spoken of as genea- 
 logical rolls of the royal family ; but with a little con- 
 sideration we may understand their true character. The 
 old feudal gentleman, in his manor-house with his family 
 and guests, had, no doubt, frequent need of some such book 
 of reference on questions connected with the history of his 
 country ; and, indeed, he required such popular historical 
 manuals as these for the instruction of his children. In 
 the baronial hall, after dinner, when the lord of the manor 
 was seated with his guests and followers around his table, 
 songs were sung, and historical as well as romantic poetry 
 was chanted, often connected with old questions of 
 family or with the political movements of the time ; and 
 
 b 
 
X INTEODUCTION. 
 
 to decide these or assist in tlie discussion, tlie head of 
 the family would bring forth his historical roll. Hence 
 I have thought that the best title to give to these rolls 
 is 'a feudal manual of English history,' and we thus at once 
 understand their purpose and utility. Moreover, when we 
 look upon them in this point of view, these rolls present 
 new points of interest. They furnish us with the facts 
 of English history as they were received in mediaeval 
 times ; and sometimes we may find an anecdote or an 
 opinion which is new to us ; and, which is quite as im- 
 portant, they give us the amount of knowledge relating 
 to the history of his country which it was considered 
 that an English baron or gentleman of the . feudal period 
 ought to possess, as well as its special colour and charac- 
 ter. This is a fact of no little value, if we would fully 
 understand the transactions of those times. 
 
 Most of the EngHsh gentry of the feudal period seem 
 to have possessed manuals of this description, which, 
 when they were no longer used, were preserved by their 
 descendants and successors as family relics among their 
 other books and papers long after their meaning was 
 forgotten ; and thus they have remained shut up in 
 boxes of family records and in neglected cupboards, until 
 our own time, when they are accidentally brought forth 
 as curiosities. In fact, they do not belong to what are 
 called, strictly speaking, our national records. Yet there 
 is another circumstance connected with them which is 
 not without its interest. 
 
INTRODUCTION. XI 
 
 We might suppose, from what I have said, that similar 
 manuals would have been in use among the feudal families 
 in all countries where feudalism prevailed. Yet this 
 seems not to have been the case. I have never been able 
 to meet with an example of similar rolls in any country 
 except England. I have been informed, by a French 
 antiquary of good authority, that there is or was in the 
 National Archives of France in Paris a single example, a 
 roll, which he behoved to contain a manual of French 
 history, but this appears not to be quite certain. It is 
 true that the family papers of the old feudal families in 
 France have perished more generally than in England ; 
 but I think that there appear to be sufficient reasons for 
 believing that these feudal manuals were peculiar to 
 England, though copies might be carried hence into other 
 lands. 
 
 The universal language of Feudalism was the French. 
 The political system of Feudalism had arisen in France, 
 and it carried the French language with it wherever it 
 went. It is the language in which the oldest of these 
 manuals are written, and they aU reproduce one text, with 
 only such variations as we might expect to find in the 
 manuscripts of a mediaeval popular work of this descrip- 
 tion. They no doubt represent the orginal model of the 
 manual as it was made for the feudal gentleman, which 
 we might almost describe as the " Goldsmith's History 
 of England" of feudal times. We also find such manuals 
 in Latin, of which I give two in the present volume. 
 
Xll INTRODUCTION. 
 
 These were probably made for feudal barons who were 
 ecclesiastics, for Latin was the language of the church; 
 The texts of these Latin manuals differ entirely from each 
 other and from the French model, and contain entries 
 relating to the promotions or deaths of ecclesiastics which 
 show for what class of society they were designed. 
 I have only met with one of these rolls written in the 
 English language. It belongs to the reign of Henry VI, 
 or of Henry VII, the period when, in our country, 
 the English language had taken the place of the French, 
 especially in the North of England. This roll, which 
 is elegantly written and illuminated, has perhaps been 
 made for some high and wealthy family on the north- 
 ern border, and especially relates to Scottish history 
 and to the international wars and rivalries. 
 
 I have said that these historical manuals are not tisuaJly 
 found among our national records, but that they have 
 been preserved among the papers of old famUies, whence 
 they are sometimes brought out as objects of curiosity, and 
 so come into the possession of private collectors. It was in 
 this manner that, a few months ago, the first of the manuals 
 printed in the present volume came into the possession 
 of my very respected friend Mr. Joseph Mayer of Liver- 
 pool, whose love for historical antiquities is known to all 
 who are interested in historical research. Mr. Mayer 
 communicated the roU to me, and, on my explanation of 
 its character and interest, expressed the wish to print it. 
 On further consideration of the subject, it was resolved 
 
INTRODUCTION. XUl 
 
 to publish a small collection of these manuals, and the 
 result is the volume now given to the pubKc, which 
 contains all the rolls of this description with which I am 
 at present acquainted. They are six in number — three 
 in French, two in Latin, and one in English ; and the 
 following notes will, I think, give a sufficient idea of their 
 several peculiarities. 
 
 I. The first on our list is the one already mentioned, 
 now in the possession of Mr. Joseph Mayer. It com- ' 
 mences with king Ethelber^and brings the history down 
 to the reign of Edward I, early in whose reign it appears to 
 have been written. It presents, in fact, every characteristic 
 of a good manuscript of the latter half of the thirteenth 
 century. It is a perfect example of the model text of 
 the feudal manual of English history, in its origkial 
 language, French. 
 
 II. The original of our second manual, also in French , 
 is preserved in the British Museum, where it is marked 
 among the Additional MSS., and numbered No. 21,368. 
 It is brought down to the reign of Richard II. and it is 
 called in the title given to it in the Catalogue in the 
 British Museum, a " Genealogical Roll of the Kings of 
 England from Egbert to Richard II." 
 
 III. The British Museum has also furnished our third 
 example of the manual, which is marked among the 
 Lansdowne Charters as " Rot. No. 3." This history is 
 brought down to the reign of Henry III, and was Avritten 
 probably in the first half of the thirteenth century . %ut4^ 
 
XIV INTRODUCTION. 
 
 If we compare these three Manuals together, we see 
 that they all belong to the same text, with only such 
 variations as are usually found in the different copies of 
 the same books in the early manuscripts. They are aU one 
 and the same Manual of English History — in fact, the 
 Manual designed for the use of the feudal class, of which 
 there was one text, no doubt looked upon as the text of 
 authority. Perhaps some of the variations were dictated 
 by the person for whom the copy was made, or by the 
 knowledge which the copyist possessed of his sentiments. 
 Of course, under circumstances which we might explain 
 if we knew intimately the history of the roll, we find 
 additional paragraphs, a curious instance of which is fur- 
 nished by our Manual No. II. It appears to have been, 
 on one side of the vellum, either an abridged copy of the 
 Manual, or a copy of the original Manual when it was 
 not quite so complete as we find it at present. Some 
 possessor of the roll has, apparently, had it collated with 
 other rolls, and the additional matter, and perhaps other 
 additional items, added on the back of the vellum {in 
 dorso). In printing this roll in the following pages, I 
 have inserted these additions in their places, with a t 
 in each case at the beginning of the paragraph, to 
 indicate that it is taken from thel^ack of the vellum. 
 
 There is another purpose to which the back of the 
 vellum of these rolls was often applied. The original 
 Manual in French belonged to a social circle, in which the 
 popular literature of the age, represented especially by the 
 
INTRODUCTION. XV 
 
 metrical romances, occupied much of the leisure of the 
 household, and in fact these were no doubt read and 
 chaunted at the table in the feudal Hall. This was, 
 of course, the business of the minstrel who attended 
 at the table, and who gave the popular poetry from 
 his memory ; but we might expect that the family 
 which possessed one of these feudal manuals would often 
 be sufficiently interested in the popular literature of the 
 time, especially in the poetry, of which chiefly it con- 
 sisted, to wish to preserve copies. The back of the roll, 
 which in copies of this Manual was left blank, ofiered a 
 ready place for such copy or copies ; and we find a good 
 example of this in the first of the Manuals printed in the 
 present volume, that of which the original is in the 
 collection of Mr. Mayer. On the back of this roll is 
 Avritten one of the medieval romances in French verse, 
 that of Idoine and Amadas, a full account of which, with 
 an analysis, is given by M. Emile Littre, in the twenty- 
 second volume of the Histoire Litteraire de la France. 
 
 IV. The fourth of our Manuals is in Latin. It forms 
 a small roll of vellum, and is preserved among the 
 Campbell Charters in the British Museum, where it is 
 numbered xxi. 4. It differs entirely in its character 
 from the French Manual, although it has been made to 
 serve the same purposes. I have already remarked that 
 the Latin Manuals appear to have been made for the 
 Ecclesiastical barons, whose special language was Latin. 
 To a certain degree the clerical Manual might be ex- 
 
XVI INTKODUCTION. 
 
 pected to present somewhat of the character of the 
 monastic chronicle, which was the chronicle of English 
 history made for the monks, placed, no doubt, in their 
 library, and used for giving information to those who 
 had no historical manual of their own, and came to the 
 monks to seek their knowledge. Just so, the Latin 
 manual here given has more of the character of a chro- 
 nicle ; it begins with a rather full history of the fabulous 
 period, founded upon the story of Geoffrey of Monmouth, 
 which is continued by a series of entries of historical 
 events under their dates, quite in the style of an ordinary 
 monastic chronicle, down to the year 1314 ^he seventh 
 year of the reign of Edward I I. 
 
 A very slight view of this Latin manual is sufficient to 
 shew that it was made for an ecclesiastic. It contains 
 numerous notices of the promotions or deaths of bishops 
 and other ecclesiastical dignitaries, especially of the dio- 
 ceses of Lincoln and Coventry, and of the foundations of 
 religious houses ; among the latter of which we may 
 mention that of Merevale in Warwickshire (Mirival), 
 Tiltey in Essex (TUeteya), Stanlawe in Cheshire, Crokes- 
 den in Staffordshire, and Witham in Essex (Witenham). 
 The bishops of whom the promotions and deaths are 
 more especially recorded here are those of Lincoln, from 
 which we might be led to suppose that this manual of 
 EngHsh history was made for some ecclesiastic, or at 
 least by some ecclesiastic, in the Lincoln diocese. But 
 we have, in the text of the roll itself, the means of fixing 
 
INTRODUCTION. XVll 
 
 more exactly the locality in which it was compiled, and 
 to which it belonged.. We soon discover, in reading it, 
 that it belonged to a monastic house, to an abbey, in 
 which, when we consider what we have already had to 
 say in regard to the feudal manual, its place was probably 
 the monastic hall rather than the monastic library. Among 
 the dignitaries, therefore, whose promotions or deaths 
 are recorded in this history, we might expect to find the 
 abbots of the house. We thus find (p. 101), under the 
 date of A.B. 1273, that in the December of that year died 
 William de Lincoln, the thirteenth abbot, and are im- 
 mediately told that he was succeeded by Walterus de 
 Hotoft. When we refer to Dugdale's Monasticon, we 
 find that these two names belonged to two successive 
 abbots of the abbey of Thornton on Humber, in the 
 county of Lincoln. 
 
 Comparing these with some other allusions in the 
 text, there can be no doubt that this Latin manual of 
 history belonged to the abbey of Thornton -on -Humber, 
 in Lincolnshire, having been made probably by one of the 
 monks of that house for the abbot. There appears to be a 
 break in the chronicle after the year 1289, perhaps indi- 
 cated by the words Hie dimisi, and the continuation which 
 follows is probably the work of another compiler, whose 
 first entry commemorates the departure of Walter de 
 Hotoft from the abbacy. From this date the entries in 
 this chronicle are continued without interruption to the 
 year 1314, that of the death of king Philippe of France, 
 
XVm INTRODUCTION. 
 
 when this roll appears to have been concluded. Thornton 
 is at present a village on the banks of the Humber, but 
 there are still considerable remains of its ancient abbey. 
 It is curious that the abbot and monks of this house 
 seem to have taken an interest in the affairs of Wales, of 
 which this historic roll contains some curious notices. It 
 also takes particular notice of the troubles in Scotland. 
 
 V. The second of our Latin manuals is a mucli finer 
 roll than the first, and it contains so many curious narra- 
 tives of Welsh afl^iirs, such as the rebellion of Owen 
 Glendower, that we can hardly doubt that it was made 
 for some feudal baron on the borders of Wales. This re- 
 markable roll in the original begins with a small illumina- 
 tion of Adam engaged with a spade digging in his 
 garden. Then are given the names of Adam's children. 
 Then follow the names of their children and descendants 
 in smaller circles, and the biblical genealogy is thus 
 traced down to Noah, and from him through a variety 
 of fabulous personages down to the Trojans and to 
 Brutus, and we are thus brought to the old British 
 history. As we go on, the British history occupies the 
 centre or main column of the roll, with the right side, 
 while the left side is occupied by the northern and 
 Teutonic peoples from whom our English peoples are 
 derived. At length we come to King Lucius, the reputed 
 first Christian king in our island, and then we have the 
 histories of the Roman, British, and Saxon kings. Ah 
 the history, in all thi,s early part of the roll, seems to be 
 
INTRODUCTION. XIX 
 
 of no value, and is accompanied with equally useless 
 genealogical tables of the fabulous kings which would 
 give great inconvenience in printing, I have thought 
 better to omit them, and I have here begun this roU 
 with the famous name of Arthur. Hence the roll is here 
 carefully printed to the end. It wiU be seen that the 
 compiler has given in the margin on the right hand side 
 the names of the Welsh princes contemporary with the 
 English and Norman kings. These names of the con- 
 temporary Welsh princes are, indeed, continued after the 
 accession of WUliam the Conqueror down to the reign of 
 Henry VI, with which this roU concludes. It may be 
 remarked that the left margin of the text of this roU is 
 occupied by a descending line of the successive archbishops 
 of Canterbury from the time of St. Augustine to the 
 reign o f Henry YI. 
 
 Of the history of this roU little is known. After it 
 had passed away from the descendant of the family to 
 which it originally belonged, it found its way among the 
 London booksellers, and came thus into the possession of 
 Mr. John Camden Hotten, in whose catalogue of topo- 
 graphical books, published in 1864, its title appears. It 
 passed thence into the possession of a gentleman in 
 Wales, who is the worthy representative of several of 
 the best of the old families of former times, both Welsh 
 and English, T. L. Duncombe Jones Parry , Esq., M.P., 
 F.S.A., etc., of Madryn Castle , near Pwllhel i in Caer - 
 narvonshire, by whose kind permission we are enabled to 
 
XX INTKODUCTION. 
 
 print this curious historical manual in the present 
 volume. 
 
 VI. The last of the manuals contained in our volume is 
 the history already mentioned as written in the English 
 language. It is a broader roll than any of the others, 
 and is handsomely written in pure English, except that 
 here and there it betrays marks of a North-Anglian 
 or Scottish dialect. And when we look through it, 
 we find so many and constant allusions to Scottish 
 history, especially to the risings and wars of the Scots 
 against England, which, at the time of its compila- 
 tion, were quite recent, that we feel that it must 
 have had a close relation with Scotland, and we might 
 be led to suppose that it was made for some great 
 English family on the border. It was the opinion, how- 
 ever, of the compiler of the manuscript catalogue of these 
 charters, now placed in the Reading Room of the British 
 Museum, I suppose Sir Frederick Madden, and probably 
 he was right, that this manuscript was made for our King 
 Henry VII , and this opinion seems to be confirmed by 
 that king's arms illuminated at the commencement of 
 the roll. 
 
 The original French feudal Manual has one peculiarity 
 which must not be overlooked. It had at the head, or 
 commencement, a sort of description of England, and of 
 some of its peculiarities, and of its partition into several 
 separate kingdoms, which was arranged in a large circle, as 
 radiating from its centre towards the north, south, east, 
 
INTRODUCTION. XXI 
 
 ,nd west. This preliminary account concludes with some 
 jatin verses, and appears to have been compiled chiefly 
 rom the introductory matter in the History by Henry 
 if Hiuitingdon. In the first of the Manuals here printed, 
 hat belonging to Mr. Mayer, this introductory sketch, 
 )eing naturally more exposed to injury than the rest, 
 lad been so much torn and effaced, that I thought i t 
 )etter to omit i t, and have roerely commenced with the 
 listory of the kings, which immediately follows this 
 ntroductory matter. The second copy of the Manual 
 )egins imperfectly, a part of this introductory matter 
 )eing torn off, but I have printed here what remains, 
 onsisting chiefly of the Latin verses on England men- 
 ioned before. These Latin verses are taken from Henry 
 if Huntingdon's copy. As the last of the French rolls, 
 he third, was the only one complete, I thought it 
 .dvisable, with it, to print the whole of this introductory 
 natter, which I have given in rather a smaller type than 
 he rest of the text, and I have not sought to arrange i t 
 g a circle, like the original .* 
 
 * It will be seen that in the two texts of these verses which I have 
 iven (printed here at pp. 38 and 63), there is a variation in the name 
 f the town cited in the last line for the beauty of its appearance. In 
 tie first it is : — 
 
 Testis Heli formosa situ, Rovecestria visu. 
 n the other, 
 
 Testis Heli formosa situ, Tonecestria visu. 
 
 'he latter word appears to be very distinctly written in the MS., but it may 
 erhaps be intended to be read as Tonecestria, and may be thus intended 
 
XXU iNTRODUCTION. 
 
 Thei'e is one other remark I wish to make on these 
 curious literary rehcs, which refers to their shape. The 
 roll appears to have been the original form of the book, 
 and was no doubt derived to medieval times from the 
 Romans. The Greek and Latin books found in the 
 libraries of Herculaneum were written in rolls, as were 
 also those which have been found in the monuments of 
 Egypt. This accounts for the Roman word for a book, 
 volumen, or volume, which, derived from the Latin verb 
 volvo, means hterally a roll, and was preserved in the 
 feudal language derived from the Latin. The modern 
 form of the book was no doubt derived from the tabula, 
 or table-book. There is a curious illustration of this 
 
 for Towcester in Northamptonshire. In the printed text of Henry of 
 Huntingdon (in Savile's Herum Anglicariim Scriptores post Bedam), 
 these lines are introduced and given as follows (p. 299). 
 De cujus laude quidam ita scripsit : — 
 nia quidam longe celebri splendore beata 
 Glebis, lacte, favis, supereminet Insula cunctis, 
 Quas regit ille Deus, spumanti cujus ab ore 
 Profluit Oceanus. 
 
 Et paulo post : — 
 Testes Londonise ratibus, Wintonia Baccho, 
 Herforda grege, ' W^irecestria fruge redundans, 
 Eatha lacu, Salebir a feris, Cantuaria pisce, 
 Eboracum sylvis, Excestria clara metallis. 
 Nojryiciuni Dacis, Hybernis Cestria . Gallis 
 Cicestrum, Norwageniis Dunelma propinquaus. 
 Testis Lincolioe gens infinita decore, 
 Testis Ely formosa situ, Kovecestria visu. 
 
INTRODUCTION. XXIU 
 
 subject in an engraving in my new history of domestic 
 manners, The Homes of Other Days, p. 109. It is taken 
 from an illuminated manuscript of the Norman period. 
 A party, apparently of monks or scholars, are seated 
 together reading and discoursing. Two of them distinctly 
 hold in their hands rolls, which are both unrolled for 
 reading, and the third holds a tabula, on which he 
 appears to be writing. The form of the roU for the 
 book was continued through the Middle Ages, and as it 
 gradually went out of use before the book in its tabular 
 or more modern form, the old form was preserved only in 
 official libraries, and it is thus that we have the rolls of 
 parliament, the household roUs, and the record rolls of 
 various descriptions, which mean literally parliament 
 books, household books, and record books. The materials 
 from the earliest periods appear to have been vegetable 
 in some shape or other. The Egyptians, Greeks, and 
 Romans, down to a low period, used the papyrus or 
 paper. But the Romans are said to have used first 
 the bark {liber) of a tree for that purpose, from whence 
 is derived the Latin word liber, a book. Our own 
 word booh, derived directly from our Anglo-Saxon fore- 
 fathers, is another form of hoc, beech, which is said 
 to have been the material they used for writing. The 
 use of parchment, or vellum, for writing, was universal 
 in the European Middle Ages, and appears only to have 
 finally given way to paper in the course of the four- 
 teenth century, on the approach of the art of printing. 
 
XXIV ISTTKODUCTION. 
 
 As some may find a difficulty in reading this old 
 French of the early texts of the Feudal Manual, I have 
 thought it best to accompany the first copy with a modem 
 English translation. This I have not considered necessary 
 to repeat in the other copies of the same text ; and I 
 have not thought it at all needful to give a translation of 
 the Latin texts, and still less so of the English. 
 
 Thomas Wright. 
 
 14, Sydney Street, Brompton, London, S. W., 
 iV^oz'. 11, 1871. 
 
DAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY 
 
 No. I. 
 
 ETHILBEET. 
 
 : Ethilbert, le fiz Almund, fu ne e nori en Westsex, 
 at fu pruz e vaylant bacHler. Mfes li ros Brithrich, 
 lunc regna en Westsex, avoit envie, si li vout tuer, 
 e ke il avoit dute ke U li tousist sun regno. Kaunt 
 berd aparceust eel fraude, si s'en fuy en France, oil 
 ist bones custumes, e curteisies, e haunt des armis. 
 3I terns regna Charlemayne le Grant en France .xLvi. 
 Ileuc demora Etbilberd dekis Brithricb fu mort. 
 s ce les Westsaxoneis envoierint quere Etbilberd, e 
 n rois. Li quel si conseyla a ces baruns cum prous e 
 I, e meintint sun ost, e guerra encuntre les autre 
 
 ETHELBEET. 
 
 Sthelbert, the son of Alcmund, was born and bred in Wessex, who 
 very brave and valiant youth. But King Brithrio, who then 
 d in Wessex, was jealous of him, and sought to kill him, because 
 red that he would deprive him of his kingdom. When Ethelbert 
 ved this plot, he fled into France, where he learnt good manners 
 curtesies, and practice of arms. At that time Charlemagne the 
 reigned in France forty-six years. There Ethelbert remained 
 Brithrio was dead. After that the Westsaxons sent to fetch Ethelbert, 
 lade him king. Who counselled with his barons like a noble and 
 man, and maintained his army, and warred against the other 
 
2 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 petiz rois .xx.viii.j pus regna .ix. aunz en pez. Oil regna 
 entre tut .xxx.vii. aunz e .v. mois, pus morust, e gist a 
 Wyncestre. 
 
 ETHELWULF. 
 
 Cesti Ethelwlf regna aprfes sun pere. E dona k Deu 
 e k seint eglise la dime hide de terra de tut Westsex, 
 franche e quite de tuz seculer servise, h pest[r]e e h vestir 
 les poveris. Pus ala a Rome, e dona tuz les aunz de 
 checune mesun de Engletere un dener, ke est apel^ le 
 dener sent Pere. Pus duna checun an .iii. o. besanz de 
 argent, I'un .c. au lumere sent Pere, e I'autre .c. au 
 lumere sent Pol, e k I'apostoyle .c, pus returna en France, 
 si prist k femme la file Charles le Cauf. Oil regna .xx. 
 aunz e .v. mois, pus morust, e gist k Wincestre. 
 
 twenty -eight little kings ; afterwards reigned nine years in peace. He 
 reigned in aU thirty-seven years and five months, then died, and lies at 
 Winchester. 
 
 ETHELWULF. 
 
 This Ethelwulf reigned after his father. And he gave to God and to 
 holy church the tenth hide of land of all Wessex, free and quit of all 
 secular service, to feed and clothe the poor. Then he went to Eome, 
 and gave every year for each house in England a penny, which is called 
 St. Peter's penny. Then he gave each year three hundred bezants of 
 silver, one hundred to the light of St. Peter, and the other hundred to 
 the light of St. Paul, and a hundred to the Pope, then returned into 
 France, and took to wife the daughter of Charles the Bald. He reigned 
 twenty years and five months, then died, and lies at Winchester. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 3 
 
 Ethelbaud, sun fiz, regna .v. mois. 
 
 Ethelberd, sun autre fiz. 
 
 Ethelred, sun terz fiz. 
 
 Alvfred, sun quart fiz. 
 
 Cest deus freris, Ethelbaud e Ethelberd, partirint le 
 regne entre eus, e regnerint ensemble. Mfes Ethelbaud 
 morus[t] S, chef de .v. moys, e sun frere Ethelberd fu rois 
 aprfes de tut, si regna fors un an, e pus morust. Si regna 
 Ethelred, ke fu le ters frere. 
 
 Cesti AthUred fu bon hume quant a Deu e al secle. 
 Icil regna aprfes sun frere Ethelbert. Les Daneis assayl- 
 irint cestu si egrement ke .ix. foz en quatre anz li 
 rendidirint chaumpele batayle. Nequedent il venquit 
 sovent, e relement fust vencu. M.hs de la batayle de 
 
 Ethelbald, his son, reigned five months. 
 
 Ethelbert, his other son. 
 
 Ethelred, his third son. 
 
 Alfred, his fourth son. 
 
 These two brothers, Ethelbald and Ethelbert, shared the kingdom 
 between them, and reigned together. But Ethelbald died at the end of 
 five months, and his brother Ethelbert was afterwards king of the whole, 
 and reigned only a year, and then died. And Ethelred reigned, who was 
 the third brother. 
 
 This Ethelred was a good man before God and before the world. He 
 reigned after his brother Ethelbert. The Danes attacked him so fiercely 
 that they gave him battle in the field nine times in four years. Neverthe- 
 less, he beat them often, and was rarely beaten.. But we must not forget the 
 
4 FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Asscedoxme ne fet pas a oblier, de roi Osez de Dene- 
 marche, ke veint out .ii. roys, e .v. cuntis, e quatre dukes, 
 e ost sanz numbre, e ileukis cumbatirint dekis al nut, 
 dun se reposerint dekis le matin; e le matin, tant cum le 
 rois Etbelbert oy sa messe, sun frere Aired comensa la 
 batayle folement, e les Daneis lur assailerint si egrement 
 ke les Engleys furint pur poy vencuz. Pus enveerint 
 sovent pur le roy. Mfes il ne veleit issir du muster jekis 
 la messe fu dite pur bume vivaunt ; e quant ele fu dite, si 
 prist ses armis, si vent k la bataile, si se seyna de la 
 signe de la seinte croys, e descunfit noblement ses adver- 
 saries, si occist le roy Oseg de sa launce, si tua un autre 
 roi de sa esp^e, e si morurint memis le jur les .v. cuntis 
 avantdiz e tut lur pople. Pus] regna .v. aunz, e morut, 
 e gist h Wymburne. 
 
 battle of Assingdon, with king Osez of Denmark, who came with two kings, 
 nd five earls, and four dukes, and a host without number ; and there they 
 )ught till night, then they reposed till morning ; and in the morning, 
 'hile king Ethelbert heard his mass, his brother Alfred began the battle 
 )olishly, and the Danes attacked them so fiercely that the English were 
 early vanquished. Then they sent often for the king. But he would 
 ot go out of the church until mass was said for any man living ; and 
 •hen it was said, he took his arms, and came to the battle, and signed 
 imself with the sign of the holy cross, and nobly discomfited his adver- 
 saries, and slew king Oseg with his lance, and slew another king with his 
 sword, and so died the same day the five earls aforesaid, and all their 
 people. Then he reigned five years, and died, and lies at Wimburu. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 5 
 
 Cesti Abed, le ,^fiz Athelwlf, regna apr^s sun frere 
 Ethilred. II fu quointis hume, e sage en totes chosis. 
 n cesti fu le premers roy de tuz ke fu enoynt e ke prist 
 la corune de tut le reaume de I'apostoile Leon. Icesti 
 sustint si bone pes en Engletere, ke il fist pendre boys 
 de or par les comunes passagis e par les voys, dunt fist 
 establer tel pes, ke ne fust nul trespassant si hardi ke 
 osast ren^prendre ne ravir. De ces rentis ke apendeint k 
 li par an, H ordena issi ; si fist deviser tutes ses rentis en 
 .ii. partiis, dunt I'une partie il devisa en .iij., I'une partie 
 asigna k ses sergans de sa curt, I'autre partie k ses 
 overers en divers lus, e la terce partie k poveris estrangis. 
 E I'autre moyte de ses rentis il devisa en .iiij. parties, 
 I'une partie il assigna k poveres boisoignus de sa tere, 
 I'autre partie k povere mesuns de religiun, la terce partie 
 
 This Alfred, the son of Ethelwulf, reigned after his brother Ethelbred. 
 He was a clever man, and wise in all things. He was the first king of all 
 who was anointed, and who took the crown of the whole kingdom from 
 the pope Leo. He kept such good peace in England that he caused to be 
 hanged up nh.i. iii H of gold in common passages and along the ways, where- 
 of he caused such peace to be established that no passer-by was so bold 
 that he dared take or plunder anything. Of those rents which belonged to 
 him annually, he ordained thus : he caused all his rents to be divided into 
 two parts, one of which parts he divided into three, and assigned one 
 part to his servants of his court, the other part to his workmen in divers 
 places, and the third part to poor strangers. And the other half of 
 his rents he divided into four parts ; the one part he assigned to the poor 
 needy in his land, the other part to the poor houses of religion, the 
 
6 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 as povere clers, la quarte partie as Engleis de utre mer. 
 E la moite de kaunt ke poet purchaser a droit il dona 
 as abbeis. E si establi plusurs lois, ke sunt uncore title 
 en sun nun. 
 
 Cesti memis Aired ordeina sa vie en tel manenere, les 
 .xxiiij. huris del jur e dil nut il devisa em .iij. parties, les 
 .viij. hures il despendi en afflicions e en oreysouns, e les 
 autres. viij. ensustenauncede sun cors en bovere, en manger, 
 e en reposer, e les autres .viij. il despendi en parlementer 
 e en conseiler dil estat e dil governement de sa tore. E 
 si avoit .vij. sergant en sa chapele especialment establi a 
 destincter les buris e k prendre garde de la lumere, e issi 
 destincta par owdlis chaundelis par tute sa vie. II regna 
 en grant travail .xxviij. aunz e demi, si morust, e fu en- 
 terr^ a Wincestre. 
 
 third part to the poor clerks, the fourth part to the English Pi In j miil < 
 
 sea. And the half of as much as he could piirchase rightfully he gave to 
 the abbeys. And he established many laws, which are still entitled in his 
 name. 
 
 This same Alfred ordered his life in such manner that he divided the 
 twenty-four hours of the day and the night into three parts: eight hours 
 he spent in afflictions and prayers, and the other eight in the sustenance 
 of his body in eating, in drinking, and in reposing, and the other eight 
 he spent in talking and in holding counsel of the state and of the govern- 
 ment of his land. And he had seven servants in his chapel appointed 
 especially to announce the hours, and to take care of the light, and thus 
 he distinguished by equal candles all his life. He reigned in great labour 
 twenty-eight yeai-s and a half, and died, and was buried at Winchester. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 7 
 
 Ceti Edward, le fiz Alvred, ne fu pas si sage come son 
 pere de lettrure, mfes il fu plus glorieus de real peer. 
 Quointes tioine fu, e plein de grant force. E il regna 
 noblement en Engletere. En chescune bataille oil il entra 
 il avoit la victorie, e por ce ne furent pas les Daneis 
 unkes si hardiz de entrer en la terre tant cum il vesqui. 
 Iceti de .iij. femmes k'il out si engendra ces enfauns des 
 quels .iij. entrerent en religion. E si establi .vii. eveskes, 
 e asigna lor eveschez. II regna .xxiiij., e gist k Wycestre. 
 
 ALFLED LA SAGE. 
 
 Iceste Alfled estoid la plus sage de totes femmes 
 seculeres, dont par son sen e par son savor ele aida 
 mult son frere Eadward a governer le reaume. Iceste, 
 quant ele fu mariee au counte Edrid, e ke son pere la li 
 
 This Edward, the son of Alfred, was not so wise as his father in letters, 
 but he was more glorious in royal power. He was a clever man, and full 
 of great strength. And he reigned nobly in England. In every battle 
 into which he entered he had the victory, and therefore the Danes were 
 never so bold as to enter the land so long as he lived. He of three wives 
 he had begat seven children, of whom three entered into religion (adopted 
 a monastic life). And he established seven bishops, and assigned their 
 bishoprics. He reigned twenty-four years, and lies at Winchester. 
 
 ALFLEDA THE WISE. 
 
 This Alfleda was the wisest of all secular women, so that by her sense 
 and by her knowledge she aided much her brother Edward to govern the 
 kingdom. She, when she was married to earl Edred, and her father 
 
8 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 avoit don^e, si enfaunta . vii. fiz . E jamfes en [a]pres ele 
 
 ne suffi-i ke son seignor touchast h li charneument. 
 
 Car ele dit ke lign^e de rei ne devoit mie user ne amer 
 
 teu fou delit, oil tant avoit de angoisse en e nfantemen t. 
 
 Ethild Elfled Athelstan Eadwin Eadmunt 
 reine de ke fu son premer le secunde son ter 
 
 France. nonein. fiz. fiz. fiz. 
 
 Edrid Edred Seinte Edburge 
 
 ke fu son quart fu noneine. 
 
 noneine. fiz. 
 
 Iceti Athelstan, le fiz Eadward le veU, regna apres son 
 
 pere. II fu le plus bel home qui adonc estoit. Alias ! 
 
 U veski pou. Mes il ne fut pas pou redotd. Car il fu 
 
 plusurs foiz lasse en bataille de fors combaturs, mes jam- 
 
 mes ne poeit estre vencu. E si avoit si noble corage, ke 
 
 had given her to him, gave birth to seven sons. And she never afterwards 
 suffered her lord to touch her carnally. For she said that the lineage of 
 a king should never use or like such fondling where there was so much 
 anguish in giving birth. 
 
 EDWARD. 
 
 Ethilda, queen of Elfleda, who was Athelstan, his Edwin, the second 
 France. nun. first son. son. 
 
 Edmund, his third Edrida, who was Edred, his fourth 
 son. nun. son. 
 
 Saint Edburga was a nun. 
 This Athelstan, son of Edward the Elder, reigned after his father. He 
 was the handsomest man then existing. Alas ! he lived but a short time. 
 But he was not a little feared. For he was several times left in battle 
 for want of combatants, but he could never be vanquished. A-nd he had 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 9 
 
 il ne fina de combatre jekes atant k'il mist le prince de 
 Wales e le rei de Escoce en truage, isi k'il prist trestuz les 
 anz de Wales .xx. lib' de or et .c.c.c. lib' de argent, e .xx. 
 boefs. E tut feust il borne batillous, nequedent il feseit 
 fere plusurs mosters. Cetui avoit une soer trfe bele, ki 
 avot nun Edild, laquele Hue le roi de France demanda a 
 femme. Por ki amor il envoia au roi Atbelstan precious 
 dons, c'est k savoir chevaus covers des armes, e peres pre- 
 ciouses de cbecune manere, e I'espee h 1' emperor Constantin, 
 e un des treis clous au Sauvor, e la lance^e la banere seint 
 Morice. E si 1' envoia de la croiz nostre Seignor, e de la 
 coroune d'espines, e une croiz aorne de peres precieuses. Les 
 quels rebkes receues, li rois s'enjoi, et li envoia sa soer. 
 II regna noblement .xxvi. anz, e morut, e fu enterre k 
 Malmesburi. 
 
 so noble courage that he never ceased combating until he made the prince 
 of Wales and the king of Scotland his tributaries ; so that he took every 
 year from Wales twenty pounds of gold, and there hundred pounds of silver, 
 and twenty oxen. And though he was a fighting man, nevertheless he 
 caused to be built several monasteries. He had a sister very fair, who was 
 named Edilda, whom Hugh, king of France, demanded as wife, for whose 
 love he sent to king Athelstan precious gifts, that is to say, horses covered 
 with arms, and precious stones of all kinds, and the sword of the emperor 
 Constantine, and one of the three nails of the Saviour's, and the lance, [ 
 and the banner of Saint Maurice. And he also sent him part of the 
 cross of our Lord, and of the crown of thorns, and a cross adorned with 
 precious stones. Which relics received, the king rejoiced much over them, 
 and sent him his sister. He reigned nobly twenty -six years, and died, and 
 was buried at Malmsbury. 
 
10 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Iceti Emun, le frere Athelstan, de I'age entour .xviii. 
 anz, si regna apres son frere, e tint la reaume .vi. anz e 
 demi. Iceti enchasa hors du reaume les Daneis e les Nor- 
 mans, e tuz les aliens. E aprfes, quant il out trestut ce 
 fait, il fu confus par traison. Car quant il vint k Cantor- 
 bire ^ la feste seint Augustin, U vit un laron k'll avoit de- 
 vant enchace, ki avait noun Johan, en ki li rei se venga 
 egrement, si li prist forment par le temples, si I'a bati a 
 terre. E li larron si trait hors une espee dont U estoit 
 celeement ceint, e feri le roi parmi le piz e li tua, e navra 
 plusurs de sa mein6. E li larron fu iluc tue, e li roi en- 
 terre h, Glastingeburi. E U regna .vi. anz et demi. 
 Eadwyn, son filz. Eadgar, son second filtz. 
 
 Iceti Edred, le fiz Edward le veil, regna apres ses freres 
 
 This Edmund, the brother of Athelstan, of the age of about eighteen 
 years, reigned after his brother, and held the kingdom six years and a half 
 He drove out of the kingdom the Danes and the Normans, and all the 
 foreigners. And after, when he had done all this, he was brought to confu- 
 sion through treason. For when he came to Canterbury to the feast of St. 
 Augustin, he saw a thief whom he had before-time banished, who was 
 named John , on whom the king revenged himself fiercely, and took him 
 with force by the temples, and has struck him to the ground. And the thief 
 drew forth a sword with which he was secretly girded, and struck the 
 king in the face, and slew him, and wounded many of his attendants. 
 And the thief was there slain, and the king buried at Glastonbury. And 
 he reigned six years and a half 
 
 Edwin, his son. Edgar, his second son. 
 
 This Edred, the son of Edward the Elder, reigned after his brother nine 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 11 
 
 .ix. anz e demi. La hardiesce de lui fu si noble, ke il ne 
 forlingneit pas plus ke son pare ne ces freres. Iceti regna tot 
 soul sor totes les parties de Engletere, e fist mult de 
 choses k la volunte de gents ce ke U li demandaient. E il 
 trespassa gloriusement de cest siecle. E li beneit ami 
 Jhesu Crist seint Donestan, ki fu home de bone vie e de 
 nette, oi une voiz de angle al trespasser de cetui Edred 
 mort. II regna .ix. anz e demi, e fu enterre h, Wiacestre. 
 
 EDWINUS BEX. 
 
 Iceti Edwyn le fiz Eamun regna apres Edred, e tint le 
 reaume .iiij. anz. Iceti fu mauveis, e luxurious, e malement 
 se demeneit ver Deus e vers tute genz. Aprfes sa mort, si 
 come les diables le trestrent a torment, un diable le 
 nuncia k seint Dunstan de la maleurte de son persecutor, 
 li quel cbai meintenant en lermes, e depria si longement 
 
 years and a half. His courage was so noble that he degenerated no more 
 than his father or his brothers. He reigned all alone over all the parts of 
 England, and did many things to people's will which they asked of him. 
 And he passed from this world gloriously. And the blessed friend of 
 Jesus Christ, St. Dunstan, who was a man of good life and clean, heard 
 an angel's voice at the death of this Edred. He reigned nine years and 
 a half, and was buried at Winchester. 
 
 KING EDWIN. 
 
 This Edwin, the son of Edmund, reigned after Edred, and held the 
 kingdom four years. He was bad, and luxurious, and behaved himself 
 ill towards God and towards all people. After his death, as the devils 
 were dragging him to punishment, a devil announced to St. Dunstan the 
 misfortune of his persecutor, who burst into tears immediately, and 
 
12 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Jhesu Crist, fontaine de misericorde, jekes il fu diliver^ 
 des dyables, e k'il avoit remission par les preeres du seint. 
 E tant cum H regna, seint eglise fu ledi6 e cheitive. Iteu 
 meymes Edwyn fu trhs bel home, mes H fu du tut abaun- 
 don€ a fous deliz de son cors. Car le jor de son corone- 
 ment il toll a un grant seignor sa femme pur le beaute de 
 li. E nequedent meimes cele femme fu sa cosine. E 
 celui meimes guerreout seint eglise, e nom^ement seint 
 Donestan. Li quel puis k'U out regn^ .iiij. anz, il morut 
 vilainement, e fu enterr^ k Wyncestre. 
 
 EEX EDGARUS. 
 
 Iceti Edgar fu homme peisible, e le fiz Emin, e regna 
 apres son frere. II fu le plus deboneire de trestuz ses 
 
 entreated so long Jesus Christ, the fountain of mercy, until he was de- 
 livered from the devils, and he had remission through the prayers of the 
 saint. And as long as he reigned, holy church was ill-treated and en- 
 slaved. This same Edwin was a very handsome man, but he was 
 entirely abandoned to the foolish pleasures of his body. For on the day 
 of his coronation he took from a great lord his wife on account of her 
 beauty. And nevertheless this same woman was his cousin. And this 
 same man made war upon holy church, and especially upon St. Dunstan. 
 Who, after he had reigned four years, died disgracefully, and was buried 
 at Winchester. 
 
 KING BBGAE. 
 
 This Edgar was a peaceful man, and the son of Edmund, and reigned 
 after his brother. He was the most gracious of all his predecessors, and 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 13 
 
 predecessors, e le plus seint, e si fu le plus parfit de tuz 
 en la dousour de vertuz. Iceti Edgar avoit .ii. femmes, 
 le une apres I'autre. De la premere engendra Edward, ki 
 puis fu martir, e seint Edith ; de la secunde Emun e 
 Ethelred. Lequel Edgar, quant il out regn^ .xvi. anz, e 
 avoit fet apaa-aiUer plusurs mosters, il morut, e rendi ^ 
 Deu I'alme. Iceti Edgar, nessant seint Donestan, oi les 
 angeles cliantans e disanz " Pes, tant cum cetui regnera e 
 Donestan vivera." E issi avint. II estoit de .xvi. anz 
 quant il comensa a regner. II fu home de grant bonte, e 
 de grant valor, e cher e aimabele h. Deu [e] k tutes gens. E 
 si regna .xvi. anz en pes e en habundance de tuz bens. 
 Nul ne fa plus di'eiturel de li ou plus red en totes dreitures. 
 n ne espai'niet nule persone de home. II juga ausi ben les 
 
 the most holy, and he was the most perfect of all in the sweetness of 
 virtues. This Edgar had two wives, one after the other. On the first he 
 begat Edward, who afterwaixis was mai-tyr, and St. Edith ; on the second 
 Edmund and Ethelred. Which Edgar, when he had reigned sixteen 
 years, and had caused to be erected many monasteries, died and surren- 
 dered his soul to God. This Edg-ar, when St. Dunstan was born, heard 
 the angels chanting and saying, " Peace, as long as this man shall reign 
 and Dunstan shall live." And so it happened. He was sixteen years 
 old when he began to reign. He was a man of great goodness, and of 
 gi'eat worth, and dear and amiable to God and to all people. And he 
 reigned sixteen years in peace and in abundance of all goods, No one 
 was more just than he, or more strict in all judgments. He spared no 
 man's quality. He judged the rich as well as the poor, according to their 
 
14 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 riches come les povres solum lor trepas. En son tens Ten ne 
 trovoit nul robur ne laron ne esmovant guerre ou noise ke il 
 n'en feist meintenant la justice. En chescun an de xvi. k'il 
 regna, ou U fundait abbaie ou eglise, de ki la seintet6 fu 
 apparissant aprfes sa mor[t]. Car apres xl. anz k'il just en- 
 terr^, e il devoit estre translate, il fu trov6 tut enter, e le 
 sane de lii corant trestut fres e novel, e par le miracles 
 om le tint por seint. 
 
 SANCTUS EDWARD US MARTIE. 
 
 Iceti Edward regna apr^s son pere Edgar. Iceti tint la 
 reaume .iij. anz e demi par son poer encontre la volunt^ 
 de sa marastre, ke avoit a noun Estrild. Dount ele se 
 corusa, e ne fina de apareiller ageis a son fillastre. E si 
 
 offence. In his time was found no robber or tliief moving war or dis- 
 turbance, but he immediately brought him to justice. Every year of 
 the sixteen during which he reigned he founded either an abbey or a 
 church, the sanctity of which was apparent after his death. And 
 after forty years during which he lay buried, and he was about to be trans- 
 lated, he was found entire, and the blood running from him all fresh and 
 new, and for his miracles he was held for a saint. 
 
 ST. BDWAED THE MARTYE, 
 
 This Edward reigned after his father Edgar. He held the kingdom 
 three years and a half by his power, against the will of his stepmother, 
 whose name was Estrilda. At which she was angered, and ceased not to 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 15 
 
 come cetTii Edward veneit de chacer un jor trestut las, e 
 ses cHvalers furent desparpeillez par la pleine, il passa 
 pas cas devant la meison sa marastre. E cele par ses 
 blandisementz le fist attendre ale, e le besa par traison, e 
 li tend! h, beivere. E tant cum il but, ele le navra u cors. 
 E li seint ki fu si cruelement tormente, se retorna h ses 
 genz, e quant qu'il poeit. E quant il les trova, si lor 
 monstra les signes de sa mort, de sane ki decorreit par ce 
 pez e par le cbemin. II regna .iii. anz e demi, e morut, 
 e fu enterre a Ssafresburi. 
 
 REX ELDEEDUS. 
 
 Iceti Etbelred, le fiz Edgar, si comensa h, regner apr^s 
 la mort son frere, ki fu cruelement ocis. De cetui pro- 
 
 lay snares for her stepson. And as this Edward came from hunting one 
 day all weary, and his knights were scattered over the plain, he passed by 
 chance before the house of his stepmother. And she by her blandish- 
 ments caused him to waij/ and kissed him in treason, and offered 
 him to drink. And while he was drinking, she wounded him in the 
 body. And the saint /was ;^cruelly hurt, and returned to his people 
 as well as he could. And when he found them, he showed them 
 the signs of his death, of blood which ran down to his feet and on the 
 road. He reigned three years and a half, and died, and was buried at 
 Shaftesbury. 
 
 KING BTHELRED. 
 
 This Ethelred, the son of Edgar, began to reign after the death of his 
 brother, who was cruelly slain. It was of him that St. Dunstan pro- 
 
16 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 pheta seint Donstan, quant il le baptiza, per ce k'il pissa 
 en fons, e dit, " Le cvirs de la vie k cetui serra cruel au 
 comencement, et cheitif en milu, e tres maleurus en la 
 fin." E en .x. anz apr^s, ke seint Donestan veski, il regna 
 en pes ; e apres son deces, le[s] Daneis vindrent tuz les 
 anz wastant la terre, e assaHlanz le rei par la traison 
 Edrith counte de Salopesburi, ke tuz jors monstrait le 
 conseU le rei k ses enemis. Iceti Ethelred engendra 
 Emun Yreneside de une femme aliene, ke fu sa concubine. 
 E de sa femme espose, Emme, ke fu la soer au due de 
 Nomandie, U engendra Alvred, ki fu trai par Godwin 
 counte de Kent, e Edward le confessor, ki gist h. West- 
 moster. II regna .xxxvij. anz, e morut, e fu enterr6 h, 
 Londres k Seint Pol. 
 
 phecied when he baptized him, because he urined into the font, and said, 
 " The course of hfe to this man shall be cruel in the commencement, and 
 miserable in the middle, and very unhappy in the end." And during ten 
 years after, which St. Dunstan lived, he reigned in peace ; and after his 
 death, the Danes came every year, ravaging the land, and attacking the 
 king through the treason of Edric, earl of Shrewsbury, who every day 
 betrayed the king's counsel to his enemies. This Ethelred begat Edmund 
 Ironside on a foreign woman, who was his concubine. And of his married 
 wife, Emma, who was sister of the duke of Normandy, he begat Alfred, 
 who was betrayed by Godwin, earl of Kent, and Edward the Confessor, 
 who is buried at Westminster. He reigned thirty-seven years, and died, 
 and was buried at London in St. Paul's. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 17 
 
 Emun Yrenside. Alvred, Seint Edward 
 
 ki fut trai par Godwine. le confessor. 
 
 Iceti Emun Yrenesite regna apr^s son pere por la prou- 
 esse de li. Sa seete e s'espee ne furent jammfes tretes en 
 vein. Iceti fu home de grant vigor, et de merveilluse 
 sufFrance. Nul ne li poeit vencre en bataille ne encontre 
 ester, si la treison Edrith ne fust avenue. Car si come le 
 rei Knut veneit par Engletere ausi come tyrant Eamun li 
 vint h, I'encontre e desconfist forment son ost. E h, 
 I'autre foiz quant il vint, Emun fu si confus par la traison 
 de I'avantdit Edrith, k'il s 'i conveneit partir son reaume 
 avekes. E si fu enterre k Glastinburi. II out engendre un 
 fiz ki out noun Edward, ki dota la cruaute de Knut, e s'en 
 fui en Hungrie apr^s la mort son pere, e prist la soer au 
 rei de Hungrie k femme. 
 
 Edmund Ironside. Alfred, St. Edward 
 
 who was betrayed by Godwin. the Confessor. 
 
 This Edmund Ironside reigned after his father through his prowess. 
 His lance and his sword were never drawn in vain. He was a man of 
 great vigour and of marvellous endurance. No one could overcome 
 him in battle, or withstand him, if the treason of Edrith had not happened. 
 For when king Cnut came through England, also like a tyrant, Edmund 
 met him, and discomfited entirely his army. And the other time when he 
 came, Edmund was so confounded by the treason of the aforesaid Edrith, 
 that he was obliged there to divide his kingdom with him, and he was buried 
 at Glastonbury. He had begotten a son whose name was Edward, who 
 feared the cruelty of Cnut, and fled into Hungary after the death of 
 his father, and took the sister of the king of Hungary to wife. 
 
18 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 Edward son fiz, Rex Sweino, 
 
 ki fu exil6. ex Danis. 
 
 Eadgar Etheling, SeinteMargarete, . Emim Cristine 
 son fiz. sa fille. son autre fiz. qui fut 
 
 noneine, 
 
 REX ONUTO, EX DANIS. 
 
 Haraud Harefot. Hardeknut fu son autre fiz. 
 
 Iceti Knut le Danfes si regna apres la mort Emun Yrene- 
 side. E unkes devant li, puis le tens au grant Arthur, ne 
 fu rei d'Engletere de si grant poer ; car il fu seinor de 
 Denmarche, et de Norway, e d'Escoce, e de Engletere apr^s 
 Emun Yreneside. Dedens le premer an de son corunement 
 tuz ceus ki avoient tue le rei Emun par la voerie de Edrith 
 le treitour si vindrent ^ lui en esperance de estre noblement 
 regerdonez du rei Knut. E li rei fist asembler tut son 
 baronage, e devant tuz fu la traison reconeue. E por ce 
 
 Edward, his son, who was exiled. King Swein, of the Danes. 
 
 Eadgar Etheling, Saint Margaret, his Edmund, his other 
 his son. daughter. son. 
 
 Christine, who was a nun. 
 
 KING CNUT, OF THE DANES. 
 
 Harold Harefoot. Hardeknut was his other son. 
 
 This Cnut the Dane reigned after the death of Edmund Ironside. And 
 never before him, since the time of the great Arthur, was a king of England 
 of so great power ; for he was lord of Denmark, and of Norway, and of 
 Scotland, and of England after Edmund Ironside. In the first year after 
 his coronation, all those who had slain king Edmund through the 
 treachery of Edrith the traitor came to him in hope of being nobly 
 rewarded by king Cnut. And the king caused all his baronage to 
 assemble, and before them all was the treason made evident. And 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 19 
 
 li rei Knut Qes] fist trestuz morir de vileine mort. Apr^s ce 
 mut un contec k Londres, en un soler sor Tamise, entre le 
 rei Knut e I'avaiit dit conte Edrith, e li counte en repro- 
 chant dist au rei, " Je gerpi mon dreit seignor naturel, e 
 le fist tuer, e te fis livrer le reaixme." E li rei ravissant 
 la parole de sa bouclie, dit : " Tu as parle §, la nusance de 
 tun chef. Tu moras par dreit jugemen[t] por ce ke tu 
 as ocis tun seignor naturel e mon frere en lei." E men- 
 tenant li furent les peez e les mains li^s, e fu gete en 
 Tamise. E issi peri li counte. Le rei Knut regna .xx. 
 auz, e fu enterr6 a Wincester. 
 
 Iceti Eadward s'en foi en Hungrie por Knut li tyrant, 
 oh. il engendra ceus ki sunt ci escriz. M&s la geheracion 
 de Margarete si ala avant. 
 
 therefore king Cnut caused them all to die a disgraceful death. After 
 this arose a quarrel at London, in a soler (upper room) over the Thames, 
 between king Cnut and the aforesaid earl Edrith, and the earl said 
 reproachingly to the king, " I deserted my rightful natural lord, and 
 caused him to he slain, and delivered up the kingdom to thee." And 
 the king, snatching the word from his mouth, said, " Thou hast spoken 
 to the injury of thy head. Thou shalt die by just judgment, because 
 thou hast slain thy natural lord and my brother in law." And imme- 
 diately his feet and hands were bound, and he was thrown into the 
 Thames. And thus perished the earl. King Cnut reigned twenty years, 
 and was buried at Winchester. 
 
 This Edward fled into Hungary on account of Cnut the tyrant, where 
 he begat those who are here written. But the generation of Margaret 
 went before them. 
 
20 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Icete Margarete fu fille Edward, le fiz Emun Yreneside, 
 rei de Engletere, k'ariva en Escoce par la force des venz, 
 ki dekes la la chacerent par kas en la mer. La quale le 
 rei d'Escoce Malcolf prist h femme, de la quele il engendra 
 une fiUe ke avoit noun Maud. La quele le premer rei 
 Henri de Engletere espousa aprfes por la grant amor 
 k'avoit estd longement entre eus. De la quele il engendra 
 apres une fiUe resemblabele a la mere, des vertuz e de noun. 
 Icete Maud, fille au rei Henri, fu puis espous^e k Henri 
 I'empereor, c'est ^ savoir en I'an de grace .M. e .c. e .x. 
 Aprfes morut I'empereor sanz eyr, e I'emperice retorna en 
 Engletere a son pere le rei Henri, la quele fu puis espous^e 
 h, Gifierei Plantegenet, counte de Aungoue, de ki ele out 
 un fiz ke out noun Henri. Iceti Henri aprfes la mor son 
 
 This Margaret was the daughter of Edward, the son of Edmund Iron- 
 side, king of England, who arrived in Scotland by violence of the winds, 
 which drove her thither by chance on the sea. Whom Malcolm king of 
 Scotland took to wife, upon whom he begat a daughter who was 
 named Maude. Whom the first king Henry of England married after- 
 wards, for the great love which had been long between them. Of whom 
 he begat afterwards a daughter resembling her mother, in virtues and in 
 name. This Maude, daughter of king Henry, was afterwards married to 
 Henry the emperor, that is, in the year of grace a thousand and one 
 hundred and ten. Afterwards the emperor died without heir, and the 
 empress returned into England to her father king Henry, who was after- 
 wards married to GeoflFrey Plantagenet, earl of Anjou. Of whom she 
 had a son, who was named Henry. This Henry, after the death of his 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 21 
 
 ael, c'est h savoir le premer rei Henri, si tint grant guerre 
 encontre le rei Estene, ki teneit le regne k tort. La quele 
 guerre dura .xvij. anz. E par la volunte de Deu celui en 
 tens le an de grace .M. e .c. e cinquante quateremes si 
 morut. E apr^s sa mort celu meimes Henri due de Nor- 
 mandie si conquit la corone du reaume. 
 
 Iceti Henri si est dit le secund. E ceste ligne dure au 
 cercle ou Maud la fille au rei d'Escoce k seint Margarete 
 est escrite. 
 
 Iceti Haraud Harefot fu bastard, e engendre de Knut 
 en la fiUe au counte Efflem. II regna apres son pere .iiij. 
 anz e .iiij. mois, e morut, e fu enterre ^ Wesmouster. 
 
 HAEOLDUS HAKEFOTE, EX DANIS II. 
 
 Iceti Hardeknut regna apr^s son frere. E el secund an 
 
 grandfather, that is, the first king Henry, held great war against king 
 Stephen, who held the kingdom wrongfully. Which war lasted seventeen 
 years. And by God's will, he in the year of grace a thousand and one 
 hundred and fifty-four, died. And after his death, this same Henry, 
 duke of Normandy, conquered the crown of the realm. This Henry 
 is called the second. And this line lasts to the circle where Maude, 
 daughter of the king of Scotland by St. Margaret, is inscribed. 
 
 This Harold Harefoot was bastard, and begotten by Cnut on the 
 daughter of earl Efflem. He reigned after his father four years and four 
 months, and died, and was buried at Westminster. 
 
 HAEOLD HABEFOTB, OF THE DANES II. 
 
 This Hardeknut reigned after his brother. And in the second year 
 
22 FEUDAL MAN PALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 ke ceti regna fu grant chatel rendu as Deneis, c'est k saver 
 .xxi. M. lib', e .cc. e .ix. lib'. E derechif ovekes .xxij. neff 
 .xi. M. lib', et. xlviii. lib'. Iceti fu rei de si tresgrant lar- 
 gesce, ke il feseit appareiller chescun jor quatrefois reaus 
 mangers en sa cort. E en tel an meimes, c'est a saver le 
 secund k'il regna, il fu trove mort en une boverie, e fu en- 
 terre k Wyncestre. 
 
 HARDICNUTUS EX DANIS V. 
 
 En an de grace .M. e .xl. douseme Edward, le fiz au rei 
 Ethelred, fu rapele de Normandie, oh. il estoit nurri ; e 
 il regna apres les Daneis si come dreturel eyr. Iceti par 
 la force des Engl^s prist h, femme la file Godwyne le fort, 
 counte de Kent, ke fu la soer Haraud, en esperance de 
 
 that he reigned was great property given to the Danes, that is 21 thou- 
 sand pounds and two hundred and nine pounds. And immediately after- 
 wards, with 22 ships, eleven thousand pounds, and 48 pounds. He was 
 a king of so great liberality, that he caused to be laid out every day 
 four times a royal meal in his court. And in one particular year, that 
 is the second of his reign, he was found dead in a drinking-bout, and 
 was buried at Winchester. 
 
 HAHDICNUT THE FIFTH OP THE DANES. 
 
 In the year of grace a thousand and forty-two, Edward, son of King 
 Ethelred, was recalled from Normandy where he was bred ; and he 
 reigned after the Danes as rightful heir. He by strength of the English 
 took to wife the daughter of Godwin the strong, earl of Kent, who was 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 28 
 
 linde ke fust k venir. Nequedent il ne la tocha pas char- 
 neaument. Car il demora virge. Iceti Edward repela de 
 Hungrie ses nevous e ses neces, c'est a saver Edgar 
 Etheling, k'il ama especiaument, e desireit k'il fust son 
 yer e successor de reaume. E li peisible Edward regna 
 .xxiiij. anz, e vi. mois, e xx. jours. E si trespassa de ceste 
 vie au regne celestre la veile de la Tyflfaine. E Edgar 
 Etheling, regardant les choses de Engletere en tribulacion 
 aprfes la mort son oncle, il fist gamir ses neif, e entra e li 
 e ses soers, e avoit en porpos de retorner en Hungrie oxi 
 il fu ne e norri. Mes par une tempeste ke lor nesseit en 
 la mer, il ariverent en Escoce. E ce fu I'enclieison ke 
 Margarete la fiUe Edward, ke fu fiz Emun Yreneside, fust 
 mariee a Malcolf le rei d'Escoce. De ki un livre ki est 
 
 the sister of Harold, in hope of lineage which was to come. Neverthe- 
 less he never touched her fleshly, for he remained a maid. This Edward re- 
 called from Hungary his nephews and his nieces, namely, Edgar Etheling, 
 whom he loved especially, and desired that he might be his heir and suc- 
 cessor to the kingdom. And the peaceful Edward reigned 24 years and 
 6 months and 20 days. And so departed this life for the celestial king- 
 dom on the eve of the Epiphany. And Edgar Atheling, regarding the 
 affairs of England in tribulation, after the death of his uncle, he caused 
 his ships to be furnished, and entered both himself and his sisters, and 
 had in purpose to return into Hungary, where he was bom and bred. 
 But through a tempest which then arose on the sea, they arrived in 
 Scotland. And this was the cause that Margaret, the daughter of 
 Edward, who was son of Edmund Ironside, was married to Malcolm, k ing of 
 
24 FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 fest de ce demoustre plus plenerement le honorable vie de 
 lui e sa mort preciouse. 
 
 SANCTUS EDWARDUS CONFESSOR, XIIJ. 
 
 Iceti saint Edward, home de pite e plein de dreiture, 
 puis il comensa k regner, il eveUla la lei ke fu endormie 
 Ixviij. anz, par le conseil del baronage de Engletere, e puis 
 le conferma. E quant ele fu confermee, si fu appell la le 
 au rei Edward, ne mi por ce k'il la trovast premerement, 
 m^s por ce k'ele fu lessee e obH^, puis le jorir au rei Edgar, 
 sun ael, ki premerement la trova, si cum Ten dit, dekes a 
 son tens, c'est k saver .Ixviij. anz. Iceti Edward la reno- 
 vela, e la bailla a garder si come la sue. 
 
 Les uns dient ke seint Edward, veant la mauveist^ de 
 
 Scotland ; of -whom a book which is made on this subject displays more 
 fully the honourable life and precious death. 
 
 ST. EDWARD THE CONFESSOR, XIII. 
 
 This St. Edward, a man of pity and full of justice, after he began 
 to reign, he awoke the law, which was asleep 68 years, by the counsel 
 of the baronage of England, and afterwards confirmed it ; and, when it 
 was confirmed, it was called the law of King Edward, not because he 
 found it first, but because it was left and forgotten since the days of King 
 Edgar, his ancestor, who first found it, as people say, until his time, that 
 is 68 years. This Edward renewed it, and gave it to keep as his. 
 
 Some say that St. Edward, seeing the wickedness of his people, and 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 25 
 
 sa gent, e nomeement le orgoil de les fiz Godwyn, c'est ^ 
 saver de Haraud, de Tosti, de Curtiii, e de Lefwin, e des 
 autres freres, il apa[r]cust ke ce ne poeit pas estre ferm e 
 estable, ke il avoit en porpos de Edgar Etheling son neveu. 
 E por ce il establi devant sa mort Willem Bastard, ke fu 
 due de Normandie, e son cosin, e fort home e batUlous, 
 de estre sun successor du reaume, le quel regno ravan[t]- 
 dit WUleme bastard porcbasa e cunquid vigerousement h. 
 grant victorie. 
 
 EBX HAEOLDUS, FILIUS GODWINI COMITIS ESSEX. 
 
 Iceti Haraud, fiz au counte de Kent Gpdwin, e frere h, 
 la reine, si regna par force e par lingnage, apr^s la mort 
 seint Edward le confessor, e se corouna li meimes k West- 
 moster. Iceti regna un anz, ou .ix. mois, solum les uns, 
 
 namely the pride of the sons of Godwin, that is to say of Harold, of Tosti, 
 of Curthi, and of Lefwin, and of the other brothers, he perceived that 
 that could not be firm and stable which he had in purpose for Edgar 
 Etheling his nephew. And therefore he arranged before his death that 
 Williara the Bastard, who was duke of Normandy, and his cousin, and a 
 strong man and warlike, should be his successor of his kingdom ; which 
 kingdom aforesaid the foresaid William the Bastard obtained and con- 
 quered vigorously by great victory. 
 
 KING HAROLD, BON" OF GODWIN, EARL OP ESSEX. 
 
 This Harold, son to Godwin earl of Kent, and brother to the queen, 
 reigned by force and by lignage, after the death of St. Edward the Con- 
 fessor, and crowned himself at Westminster. He reigned one year, or 
 nine months only, according to s^bMS, and after he was disinherited. 
 
2G FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 tant solemen, e piiis fix deserite, e feru de un dart parmi 
 le cors en bataille, e fu enterre k Watham. E Willem, 
 due de Normandie, cunqueist la victorie. E iluec por les 
 almes ki furent ocis, est une eglise fete de la bataille. 
 
 Eollo, le premer due de Normandie. 
 
 Willem son fiz. 
 
 Rieard sanz pour, li fiz Willem. 
 
 Eicard le seeund. Robert Mauger. WiUem Emme 
 erceveke Counte sa fille. 
 
 de Roan. de Angou. 
 
 Awis, Maud, Rieard le Robert, Willem 
 sa fille. sa fille. tiers. son fiz. le moine. 
 
 Alice W. Mauger Robert Johan Alvred, 
 countpsce counte erceves. counte Teveske. ki fu 
 
 de E. de Gail. de An'. tiur. 
 
 Edward AUein Gtd. Willem 
 le confessor. bastard. 
 
 and was struck through the body with an arrow in battle, and was 
 buried at "VValtham. And William duke of Normandy gained the vic- 
 tory. And there for the souls of those who were slain is made a church 
 of the Battle. 
 
 EoUo, the first Duke of Normandy. 
 
 William, his son. 
 
 Richard sanz Peur, son of William. 
 Richar d the S£Son_d. Robert, archbishop of Rouen. Mauger. William, 
 count of Anjou. Emma, his daughter. Awis, his daughter. Maud, his 
 daughter. Richard the third. Robert, his son. William, the monk. 
 Alice, countess of E. W., count of Gail. Mauger, the archbishop. 
 Robert, count of An. John, the bishop. Alfred, who was turi. Edward, 
 the Confessor. Allen. GUi. William, the bastard. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 27 
 
 WILLELMUS BASTAEDUS, CONQUESTOR, XXIJ. 
 
 Iceti Willem bastard, cunqueror de Engletere, conquit 
 le reaume par bataille de Haraud, ki le tint a tort, li quis, 
 puis k'il avoit regne xii. anz, ou vint, solum les Tins, il 
 morut el cinquante nevime an de son age, e en le an de 
 grace .M. e utante setime, e en I'an de grace .M. e Ixvii., 
 le jor de Noel, il fu coroune de I'erceveke de Everwik. 
 
 Robert Cortehuse, WUlem le Rous, Ricard, Henri 
 
 son fiz. son fiz. ki morut. le clerc. 
 
 Ele, Cecille, Oustance La quarte 
 
 la duchesse ke fu abbasse. la contesse morut. 
 
 de Bla. de B. 
 
 La cinkeme, 
 ke morut. 
 
 REX WILLELMUS ROUSE. 
 
 En le an de grace .M. e utante seteme, Willem le Rous 
 
 ■WILLIAM THE BASTARD, THE CONQUBEOE, XXII. 
 
 This William the bastard, conqueror of England, conquered the realm 
 by battle of Harold, -who held it wrongfully, -who, after he had reigned 
 13 years, or 20 according to some, he died in the fifty-ninth year of his 
 age, and in the year of grace a thousand and eighty-seven, and in the 
 year of grace a thousand and sixty-seven, the day of Christmas, he 
 was crowned by the archbishop of York. 
 
 Robert Courthose, his son. William Rufus, his sou. Richard, who 
 died. Henry, the clerk. Ela, duchess of Blois. Cecilia, who was abbess. 
 Constance, the countess of B. The fourth daughter died. The fifth 
 who died. 
 
 KING WILLIAM EUFUS. 
 
 In the year of grace a thousand and eighty-seven, William Rufus 
 
28 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 regna apr^s son pere. Icelui ala chacer en la novele forest, 
 
 e fu espi6 de Water Tyrel, si fu feru de une satee, e morut. 
 
 Iceti feseit tut jors quanque il poeit de mal. II estoit 
 
 mauves as estranges, e pire h suens, e trfernalurus k li 
 
 meimes. Tote la chose ke pleseit k Deu e k ceus ki Deu 
 
 amoient, si depleseit au roi e h ceus ki le rei amoient. II 
 
 morut, e fu enterre k Wincestre. A ki enterement tan i 
 
 voit de joie ke k poines i avoit il point de lerme ploree. 
 
 Car en tens si celui rei seint Anseaume fu despoil^ de tuz 
 
 ses bens, e si fu exul6 dekes en la fin de la vie de cetui 
 
 rei WiUem. E sint Wlstan, ki fu eveske de Wilescestre, 
 
 e home de seinte vie, trepassa gloriousement de cest cede 
 
 k Deu en la joie pardurabele. 
 
 Maud, la fille k la reine d'Escoce, Rex Henricus primus 
 e femme au premer rei Henri. xxxv". 
 
 reigned after his father. He went to hunt in the New Forest, and was 
 spied by Walter Tyrel, and was struck by an arrow, and died. He did 
 always all the evil that he could. He was bad to strangers, and worse 
 to his own, and very unfortunate to himself. Everything which pleased 
 God and those who loved God, displeased the king and those who loved 
 the king. He died, and was buried at Winchester. At whose burial 
 there was seen so much joy, thatfthere was not a tear shed.f^-jFor in the time 
 of that king, St. Anselm was despoiled of all his goods, and he was exiled 
 until the end of the life of this king William. And St. Wulstan, who 
 was bishop of Worcester, and a man of holy life, departed gloriously 
 from this world to God in joy everlasting. - 
 
 Maud, daughter of the king of Scotland, King Henry the first, 30th. 
 and wife to the first king Henry. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF EKGLTSH HISTORY. 29 
 
 Willem, son fiz, peri en la mer. 
 
 Maud, sa fiUe, ki fu emperice de Rex Stephanus, 
 Roume, e contasse de Aungeu. ' xix. 
 
 Iceti Estene, ki fu fiz a Ele, la ducheise, regna a tort e 
 
 encontre leal serment, e retint la coroune tut le tens de 
 
 sa vie en guerre e en traval. La guerre fu mult crueus, 
 
 e dura .xvii. anz, e si fina en le an de grace .M. e .c. e 
 
 cinquante quatre, Da^[s] por ce ke meimes eel an, c'est h, 
 
 savver le utime kalende de Novembre, li rep] Estene morut, 
 
 e fu enterr^ noblement k grant honor en I'eglise de 
 
 Faveresham, ke il fist fere. 
 
 Henri, son fiz, e conte Rex Henricus secundus, 
 
 de Aungou. filius imperatricis, xxv". 
 
 Le duo de Normandie, Henri, oiant noveles par certein 
 
 William, his son, perished in the sea. 
 
 Maud, his daughter, who was empress of Rome and countess of Anjou. 
 
 King Stephen, 19th. 
 
 KING STEPHEN, 19. 
 
 This Stephen who was son of Ela the duchess, reigned wrongfully, 
 and contrary to loyal oath, and retained the crown all the time of his 
 life in war and labour. The war was very cruel, and lasted seventeen 
 years, and ended in the year of grace a thousand and a hundred and 
 fifty-four, but because this same year, that is to say on the eighth kalend 
 of November, king Stephen died, and was buried nobly with great 
 honour at the church of Faversham, which he caused to be built. 
 Henry, his son, and Count of Anjou. 
 
 KING HBNEY THE SECOND, SON OF THE EMPEESS, 25th. 
 
 The duke of Normandy, Henry, hearing news by a certain messenger 
 
30 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 message de la mort Estevene, si vint en Engletere, e fu 
 receu corteisement de la clergie, e a grant assemble del 
 puple, e fu coroun^ come rei de Thebaut erseveske de 
 Canterbire, c'est a saver le Diemainge del quatorzeme 
 Kalende de Jenuver, k Westmoster, li quel prist main- 
 tenant en propres tos les citez e les chautes, totes les 
 cboses k'aparteneint a la coroune, e fist metre hors du 
 reaume tuz les aliens. E en meimes eel an, Thomas, 
 ercediacre de Canterbire, fu fet chaunceler del regne e 
 erceveske Canterbire, ki fu martriz^. 
 
 Meimes cetui Henri le secimd, puis ke il out regne 
 .xxxiiij. anz, e .vij. mois, e .v. jors, il morut, e en I'an de 
 grace .M. e .c. utante nevime, as utaves de seint Pere e 
 seint Pol, e fu enterr6 a Fonteraud. E en son tens seint 
 Thomas fu martyrLze. 
 
 of the death of Stephen, came into England, and was received courteously 
 by the clergy, and in a great assembly of the people, and was crowned as 
 king by Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury, namely, on Sunday, the 
 fourteenth kalend of January, at Westminster, who took thereupon as 
 his own all the cities and the castles, all things which belonged to the 
 crown, and caused to be expelled from the kingdom all aliens. And in 
 this same year, Thomas, archdeacon of Canterbury, was made chancellor 
 of the kingdom, and archbishop of Canterbury, who was martyrized. 
 
 This same Henry the second, after he had reigned 34 years and seven 
 months and five days, died, and in the year of grace a thousand and one him- 
 dred and eighty-nine, on the octaves of St. Peter and St. Paul, and was 
 buried at Fontevrard. And in his time St. Thomas was martyrized. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 31 
 
 Willem, Henri, Eicard, Maud, 
 
 ki morut eufant. ki fu dit juvene rei. ki fa li pruz. duoheisse de 
 
 Saxoine. 
 
 GeJ0Prei, Alienore, Jolianne, 
 
 conte de Bretaine. reine de Castelle. contasse de Tolouse. 
 
 Johan, Henri, Otes Artur Alienore 
 
 ki fu puis rei. due de le emperor. de la brette. 
 
 Saxoiue. Bretaigne. 
 
 Dame Blanche, Reimun le grant, 
 
 reine de France. conte de Tholouse. 
 
 EEX RICARDUS PEIMUS POST CONQUESTUM. 
 
 Apres la mort au rei Henri le secund, son fiz Richard 
 regna, e fu coroune le tiers nones de Septembre, en I'an 
 de grace .M. e .c. e nonante un meis. E en tens sivant li 
 rei de France Felipe e li avantdit Richard, rei de Engle- 
 terre, pristrent lor chemin en un conduit vers la terre 
 
 William, who Henry, who was called Eichard, who Maud, duchess 
 
 died infant. the young king. was tfae gallan t. of Saxony. 
 
 Geoffrey, count Elienore, queen Joan, countess John, who was 
 
 of Brittany. of Castilla. of Toulouse. afterwards king. 
 
 Henry, duke Otho, the Arthur, of Eleanor, 
 
 of Saxony. emperor. Britanny. the Breton. 
 
 Dame Blanche, queen Eaimond, the Great, 
 
 of France. count of Toulouse. 
 
 KING EIOHAED THE FIBST, AFTER THE CONQUEST. 
 
 After the death of king Henry the second, his son Richard reigned, 
 and was crowned on the third of the nones of September, in the year of grace 
 a thousand and one hundred and ninety -one ; and in the time following, the 
 king of France, Philippe, and the foresaid Richard, king of England, 
 took their way in one company towards the Holy Land, and the king oi 
 
32 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 seinte, e li rei de France ala devant. E li rei Richard de 
 Engletere, entrant apres en la mer, avoit ovekes lui .xiij. 
 neff mult granz, c'on apele busses, k treis maneres de 
 veiles. E si avoit ovekes lui .c. neff charges e .1. galies, 
 li quel ariva a Cipre de x. jors aprfes. E Currath, seignur 
 de CMpre, li vint a I'encontre, e li defendi le havene. 
 Dont li rei Richard enbrase de ire si comensa medlee 
 ovekes son enemi, e le venki, e li fit lier, e prist ses 
 tresors. E si cum il out ordene totes les choses Uluc a 
 sa volunte, U svn le rei de France h. grant glorie. E si 
 cum il fu en la mer, U vit une nef bien grant ke Ten 
 apele dromun, ki li vint k I'encontre, e cele prist-il, e fist 
 naer en la mer .M. et .ccc. paiens, e .cc. garder tuz vis. 
 Enapres il prist Damiete, e autres chausteaus veisius 
 
 France went before. And king Eichard of England, putting to sea after- 
 wards had with him thirteen very large ships which are called busses, with 
 three manner of sails. And he had also with him a hundred ships laden, 
 and fifty gallies, who arrived at Cyprus ten days afterwards. And Currath, 
 lord of Cyprus, came to meet him, and forbade him the harbour. Upon 
 which king Richard, burning with anger, began the combat with his 
 enemy, and vanquished him, and caused him to be put in bonds, and 
 took his treasures. And when he had ordered all things there at his 
 will, he followed the king of France with great glory. And as he 
 was on the sea he saw a very large ship called dromon, which came 
 against him, and he took this and caused to drown in the sea a thousand 
 and three hundred pagans, and to keep two hundred all alive. And there- 
 after he took Damietta, and other neighbouring castles towards Babylonia 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOllY. 33 
 
 devers Babilonie de main armee, e .vij.'*^ cliameus charges 
 de totes maneres de richesces, si les departi par grant 
 franchise k trestout son ost. E puis repeira a ses 
 propretez, si passa par Osteruche, de Osteruche e detenu 
 par la treison de Franceis, la quele treison fu puis 
 esprov^e. Car le rei de France Felipe, retomant de la 
 terre seinte, ki avoit envie ^ ses benurez fes, si mist 
 dementirs la terre de Normandie en tribulacion, e ocupa 
 les chausteus e les garnisons, dekes celui meimes Richard, 
 le rei glorious, retoma en Normandie, apr^s la raunson ke 
 fu fete au dereiti. Si cum il vint en Aquitaigne apr^s le 
 veage de outremer, e dresceit son chemin vers Engletere, 
 il assegeit le castel de Chabis k tut son ost, ke le rei de 
 France avoit occupe, e Ik fu il feru de un dart envenime. 
 
 with armed force, and seven thousand camels laden with all kinds of riches, 
 and he distributed them with great liberality among all his army. And then 
 he returned to his estates, and passed through Austria. By Austria he is 
 detained through the treason of the French, which treason was afterwards 
 proved. For the King of France, Philippe, returning from the Holy Land, 
 who was envious of his fortunate acts, put on his way the land of Nor- 
 mandy in tribulation, and occupied the castles aud garrisons, until Eichard 
 himself, the glorious king, returned into Normandy, after the ransom 
 which was made to the latter. As he came into Aquitaine after the voyage 
 from beyond the seas, and directed his road towards England, he 
 laid siege to the castle of Chabis with all his host, which the King of 
 France had occupied, and there he was struck by a poisoned dart. 
 
34 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 Alias ! il morut, an .vij. Kalendes de Averil, en Fan de 
 grace .M. e .c. nonante neveme, e fu enterre h, Fonteraud 
 as pes son pere. 
 
 EEX JOHANNES. 
 
 Iceti Johan regna apres son frere rei Richard. Iceti 
 fist .iij. maneres de seremens, c'est h, saver k'il amered e 
 honorreit seint eglise e ses ordineires/ e si ostireit le[s] 
 mauveis leis, e establireit les bones,- e hauncereit dreiture 
 e justice el regne. Alias ! quel dolor ! Entre tuz reis 
 crestiens il fu devant le plus franc, e par son ein degr^ de 
 franc si se fist serf, e mist le glorious reaume de Engle- 
 tere a truage. E quant il ovit regn^ .xviij. anz e .v. 
 mois, apres mult de tribulacions, e divers travaus, e les 
 
 Alas ! he died, on the 7th of the kalends of April, in the year of grace one thou- 
 sand and one hundred and ninety-nine, and was buried at Fontevrard, at 
 the feet of his father. 
 
 KING JOHN. 
 
 This John reigned after his brother king Richard. He made three 
 several oaths, namely, that he would love and honour holy church and 
 its ordinaries,'' and that he would abolish bad laws aud establish 
 good ones,/and that he would support right and justice in his reign. 
 Alas! what grief! Among all christian kings, ho was previously the 
 most free, and from his &W degree of free he made himself serf, and 
 BSft^e the glorious realm of England g gU'lblUiay . And when he had roigned 
 eighteen years and five months, after much of tribulations, and divers 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 35 
 
 pertes de ses terres de outremere, il trespassa de cest 
 
 siecle en grant amerture de pensee, e fa enterre k 
 
 Wilecestre. 
 
 Henri, Ricard, Isabelle, 
 
 son premer fiz. ki fu rei de le emperice. 
 
 Allemaine. 
 
 Alianore, Johanne, 
 
 countesse de Penbroc. ke fu reine d'Escoce. 
 
 Iceti Alienore fu mariee premerement a Willem le 
 
 Marescal le jovene, e apr&s k Symon de Monford, ki en- 
 
 gendra d'ele ses sis enfanz ki sunt 9i escriz. 
 
 Henri Emun. Henri Symon Henri 
 
 de Alemaine. de Munford. de Munford. de Mnnford. 
 
 Guy Ricarde Alienor 
 
 de Munford. de Munford. de Munford. 
 
 EEX HENEIOUS TERCIUS. 
 
 Iceti Henri li ters regna aprfes son pere Johan. Iceti 
 
 labours, and the losses of his lands beyond sea, he departed from this 
 world in great bitterness of thought, and was buried at Worcester. 
 Henry, his Eichard, who was Isabelle, the Alianore, countess 
 first son. king of Alemaine. empress. of Pembroke. 
 
 Joane, who was queen of Scotland. 
 This Alienore was married first to William le Mareschal the younger, 
 and afterwards to Simon de Montfort, who begat upon her his sis 
 children, who are here written. 
 
 Henri de Edmund. Henry de Simon de Henry de Guy de 
 
 Alemaine Montford. Montford. Montford. Montford. 
 
 Richard de Montford. Alienor de Montford. 
 
 KING HENRY THE THIRD. 
 
 This Henry the Third reigned after his father John. This Henry is 
 
36 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Henri e dit le tiers, por ce k'il est entitle en cronikes e 
 en escriz e en chartris ne mie por la reison de noun, m^s par 
 la reison de real seignurie ou de dignete. Car si le premer 
 Henri le fiz au Conqueror soit conte, e puis Henri le fiz ^ 
 remperice, e aprfes le fiz h celui Henri ki fu dit Henri le 
 jovene rei, sanz doute iceti sera le quart Henri. Mes por ce 
 ke celui Henri ki fu dit le jovene rei ne regna mie, kar il 
 morud au vivant son pere, por ce par la reison de ceus ki 
 regnerent iceli Henri si est dit li tiers. 
 
 Iceti Henri, dedens le diseme an de son age, le jor 
 sein Symon e sein Jude, si fu corroun^ h, grant joie. Al 
 quel corrounement il jura ke U portereit honor e pes e 
 reverence h. Deu e k seint eglise e h ses ordineires, e ce fist- 
 il noblement. Iceti comensa la novele ovre de West- 
 
 called the Third because he is so entitled in chronicles and writings and 
 charters, not by right of the name, but by right of real lordship or 
 dignity. For if the first Henry, the son of the Conqueror, be counted, 
 and after Henry the son of the empress, and afterwards the son of that 
 Henry who was called Henry the young king, without doubt this would 
 be the fourth Henry. But because that Henry who was called the 
 young king did not reign, for he died while his father was still living, 
 therefore, reckoning those who reigned, this Henry is called the Third. 
 
 This Henry the Second, in the tenth year of his age, on the day of 
 St. Simon and St. Jude, was crowned with great joy. At which corona- 
 tion he swore that he would bear honour and peace and reverence to 
 God and to Holy Church and to its ordinaries ; and this he did nobly. 
 He began the new work at Westminster, in honour of God, and of 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 37 
 
 moster k I'lionor de Deu e de seint Pere e de seint 
 
 Edward. En son tens fu la guerre en Engletere entre le 
 
 rei e le[s] barons, e la bataille de Lewes feri en I'an de 
 
 grace .M. e .cc. e .Ix. e quatere mes. E aprfes en Tan 
 
 sivant Symon de Munford si fu occis h. la bataille de 
 
 Evesham. E quant U out regne .Ivi. anz, il trepassa 
 
 gloriousement de cest cede, en I'an de grace .M. e .cc, e 
 
 si fu enterre k Wemoster. 
 
 Edward, Margarete, Emun, Beatris, 
 son fiz. sa fille. son fiz. sa fille. 
 
 Katerine, 
 ke morut enfant. 
 
 KEX EDWAHDUS PRIMUS POST CONQUESTUM. 
 
 St. Peter, and of St. Edward. In his time was the war in England 
 between the king and the barons, and the battle of Lewes struck in the 
 year of grace a thousand and two hundred and sixty and four. And 
 afterwards in the following year Simon de Monfort was slain at the 
 battle of Evesham. And when he had reigned fifty-six years, he 
 departed gloriously from this world, in the year of grace one thousand 
 and two hundred, and was buried at Westminster. 
 
 Edward, his Margarete, his Edmund, his Beatrice, his 
 
 son. daughter. son. daughter. 
 
 Catherine, who died an infant. 
 
 KING EDWAKD THE THIED AFTER THE CONQUEST. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 No. II. 
 
 .... ment cum en Engleterre. E pur ceo ke Engleterre 
 
 est semblable al ciel, e les Engleis as angeles, en loenge 
 
 de Engleterre dist un versifiure ces vers : 
 
 Ilia quidem longo celebri splendore beata, 
 Glebisj lacte, favis supereminet Insula cunctis. 
 Qui regit ille Deus, spumanti cujus ab ore 
 Profluit Oceanus. 
 
 Et paulo post : 
 
 Testes Londoniae ratibus, Wintonia Baccho, 
 Herfordia grege, Wigornia fruge redundans, 
 Bado lacu, Salesberia feris, Cantuaria pisce, 
 Eboracum silvis, Exonia clara metaUis, 
 Norwicum Dacis, Hibernis Cestria, Gallis 
 Sicestria, Noragenis Dunolma propinquans. 
 Testis Lincolnise gens infinita decore, 
 Testis Heli formosa situ, Rovecestria visu. 
 
 Pus que nus avum dit du pris d'Engleterre, si lerrum 
 ataunt, e parlerum de ceus ke regnerent de Englfes, de 
 
 Fr les uns par eritage, e les uns par de bataile, e 
 
 parlerums de nos naturels reis, e de qui il nasquirent, e 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTOEY. 39 
 
 comencerum del noble Ethelbert le fiz Ailmund, que fu 
 
 rei de Westsex, e par bataile venquit tus les autres reis, e 
 conquist par force la seinurie de tut Engleterre, sicum 
 vus verrez desuz. 
 
 Apres la avaundite partir de regiuns, les avaundis set 
 reis se entrecombaterent, e les uns occirent les autres, e 
 dune fu la terre en cink regiuns, issi que le primer regna 
 taunsoloment en Ken t, e le secunde, ceo est ^ saver le 
 rei de Westsex, de I'occident, aveit la seinurie de Sureie e de 
 Susex, e le cunte de Suthamtoun, e de Willtone, e de 
 Barkesire, e de Somersete, e de Dorsete, e de Devene- 
 sire, e de Cornewaile, e aveit ces esvekes, de Cicestre, e 
 de Wincestre, de Salisbiri, de Ba, que jadis fu a Welles, 
 de Excestre, en qui liu furent jadis dous, dunt I'un fu h. 
 Cridintoue, e I'autre lb Seint Germain. Le tiers si aveit 
 la seinurie de la Marche , e aveit ces cuntees, Gloucestre, 
 Hereford, Wircestre, Salopebiri, Cestre, Stafford, Derbi, 
 Notingham, Leicestre, Lincole, Northamtone, Warwik, 
 Oxenford, Bokingham, Huntingdun, e demi Bedeford, 
 e aveit ces esveskes, de Hereford, de Wircestre, de Coven- 
 tre, que est apele de Cestre, e de Nicole. Le quart , ceo 
 est a saver de 1' orient , tint Estsex, e Middelsex, Herte- 
 fordsire, Sufolk, Norfolk, e la mette de Bedefordsire, e 
 aveit tres esveskes, de Lundres, de Eli, de Theford, que 
 ore est apele de Norwiz. Le quinte . ceo est ^ saver le rei 
 
40 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY, 
 
 de NoAumberlande, aveit tote la terre ultre Humbre, 
 sicum rem poet ver en figure desus escrist. 
 
 BRITHRITH, REI DE "WESTSEX. 
 
 Iceste Brithrith fu un des cink reis de Engleterre, 
 quant le realme fu parti en cink. 
 
 AETHELBERT, LE FIZ AILMUND, REGNA .XXXVI J. ANZ. 
 
 Iceste Aetlielbert, fiz Ailmimd, fu ne e nuri en West- 
 sex, que comensa en sa juvente de estre pruz e vaUaunt, 
 mes le rei Britbrith, que dune regna en Westsex, se 
 getta tusjurs par mal e le coveita de occire, pur ceo qu'il 
 dota qu'il teudrait a li e k ses eiris sun regne. Dunt 
 memes celi Ethelbert fuwi jeske en Fraunce, e Ik aprist- 
 U curteisies en bons murs, e aprist mult de armes, e a 
 cele tens regna Charles le graunt en Fraunce, e Ik demora 
 Ethelbert jeske lb la mort Brithrith. E apres la mort 
 Brithrith, si envoierent les Engleis aprfes Ethelbert, e le 
 feseint rei, lequel Ethelbert, par sun sen e par sa pruesse, 
 e par cunsail des haus hommes de la terre, moveit gwere 
 encuntre les autres reis, e dura la guere .xx. e .viij. anz. ; 
 e puis qu'il les aveit tuz vencus, si regna en pes .ix. anz, 
 e fu tut le tenz de sun regne .xxxvij. anz, e puis morust, e 
 est enterrg k Wincestre. 
 
 Iceste Aethelwlf regna aprfes sun pere Aethelbert. 
 Icesti dona k Deu la dime hide de terre de tut Engle- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 41 
 
 terre, franche e quite de tote manere de servise seculer, 
 pur pestre e vestir les povries, e puis ala a Rome, e dona 
 h seint Pare chescun an de chescune meson d'Engleterre 
 un dener, k'est apele encore le dener seint Pere, Estre 
 ceo il dona chescun an h Rome .ccc. besaunz, ceo est ^ 
 saver, k la lumere seint Pere .c, e k la lumere seint Pol 
 .c, e k I'apostoile .c, e puis k'il aveit demor^ k E/Ome un 
 an, retorna par Fraunce, e prist la fiUe Charles le Cauf h, 
 femme, e puis aprfes dous anz morut, e est enterre h, 
 Wincestere. E fu tut le tens de sun regne .xx. anz e .v. 
 mois. Iceste Ethwlf aveit quatre fiz, si cum il sunt mis ici. 
 Ethelwlf le fiz Athelbert regna .xx. ans et .v. moys. 
 Ethelbald, Ethelbrith, Etheldred, Alvred, 
 
 regna .v. anz. regna .v. anz. regna .v. ans. le tr e_sage rei , 
 
 regna .xx. e 
 .ix. ans e... 
 
 Les dous freres Ethelbald e Ethelbrith partirent le 
 regne entre eus, e regnerent ensemble, mes Ethelbald 
 morust apr^s .v. mois, e Ethelbrith regna apres li, e tint 
 le regne enterement .v. anz. 
 
 t Iceste Etheldred vailaunt chevaler estoit, prodome 
 
 quant 5. Deu e vailaunt a secle, recut le realme apr&s la mort 
 
 Ethelbrith sun frere ; mfes les Daneis le guerre[i]nt mult 
 
 egrement, issi que neof fois dedenz un an donerent 
 
 champele bataUe sauns autres asaus. Mes il li venqui 
 
 sovent, e relement fu vencu. Mfes fet a remembrer qu'il 
 
 a 
 
42 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 dona h, Daneis une bataile sur Assendoune, que vindrent 
 od dous reis e .vj. contes, e graunt host, e departirent 
 lur host en dous parties, dunt la une fu baill6 as reis, e 
 la autre as cuntes. E le rei Etheldred parti sun ost en 
 
 dous parties, dunt il retint e part e I'autre partie 
 
 bailla h. Alvred sun frere de aler encuntre les cuntes e les 
 baruns. E dura cele bataile tut un jour, e puis se 
 reposerent. Mfes lendemain matin taunt que le rei Ethel- 
 dred oy sa messe, Alvred sun frere od sun ost hastive- 
 ment ala h la bataile, e les Daneis vindrent cuntre li k 
 graunt suer, e resturent forment cuntre els, dunt 
 les Engles furent forment espountez, e k poi qu'il ne 
 se tornerent h la fute, e enveerent hastivement pur le 
 rei. Mes il ne voleit en nxile manere issir avant que la 
 messe le comaunda h, Deu, e dune prist il les armes. E 
 kant il vint al lui de la bataile, il se seina de la crois, e 
 asaili egrement les Daneis, e h. grant force peerca I'ost le 
 rei Oseg, e feri le rei Oseg parmi de une launce, e occist 
 
 I'autre de sa esp^e, e si tel mor (?) venqui tuz les 
 
 cuntes, od tut lur ost. M^s alias ! il vesqtii poi de tens 
 aprfes| e regnait soloment .v. anz, e morut, e est enterre a 
 Wimburne. 
 
 Alvred, le fiz Ethelwlf, regna aprfes Ethelred sun frere, 
 e fu en totes choses sages e cointes. Iceste fu le primer 
 rei que fu enoint, e recut la corone del realme de I'apos- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 43 
 
 toile Leon le quart, le an de rincarnacion .dccc. e .Ixxij. 
 E quant il returna de Rome, il fist garder si bien la pes 
 en la terre, qu'il fist pendre besanz de or parmi les 
 cbauns, e IS, oh. les chemins e les sentes se assemblerent, 
 e sur les arbres, e nul ne les osa tocher ne toler. Iceste 
 depart! sun tresor e ses rentes en dous parties, dunt il 
 partie la une meit^ en treis, des quels il assigna la une 
 partie t ^ les ministres de sa court, e I'autre partie a se[s] 
 overers en divers lius, e la tierce partie as povres 
 estraunges. E I'autre meite de ces rentes devisa en 
 quatre parties, la primere partie h povres e k meseises 
 d'Engletere, e la secunde as povres religious, e la tirce a 
 povres clers, e le quarte as povres Englfes utre mere. E 
 tote la meite de sun purclias qu'il poit par dreite pur- 
 cbacer dona as povres abbaies. E il lestabli mult les 
 leis que encore sunt al secle, e puis que aveit regne en 
 graunt travaile .xx. e .viij. anz e demi, U se lessa merer, 
 e est enterr^ k Winoestre. 
 
 Memos ceste Alvred ordina sa vie en tele manere. II 
 departi le jour naturel en .xxiiij. boures, e puis les 
 devisa en treis parties, dunt il despendi les .viij. bures 
 en lessims e en orasons, e les autres .viij. en sun cors 
 refere e aisere e reposer, e les autres viij. bures a 
 parlementer e tretir de I'estat e del governement de sun 
 regne, e en ceste manere se g9.rda sa vie en tot, e aveit 
 
44 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 un clerk en sa chapelle, que fu entendaunt del tut h ces 
 hures departir e pur alumer les cierges en chapel. 
 
 ELFLED LA SAGE, FILLE ALVRED. 
 
 Ceste Elfled fu la plus sage femme del munde, e par 
 
 sun sen aida mult k Edward sun frere h, governer son 
 
 realme. Iceste Elfled fu dona al counte Edred a femme, 
 
 e puis que ele aveit un enfaunt porte ele ne voleit unkes 
 
 sufFrir que son baron la tocliast charnelement, e diseit 
 
 qu'il ne afirt mie h, fille de rei amer tel delit dune taunt 
 
 de angwise e peine ensuit de enfaunt porter. 
 
 Edward le veil, fiz Alvred le rei, 
 regna .xx. e .iiij. ans. 
 
 Edcild la bale, Elfled, Adelstan, Edwine, Edrith, 
 
 reine de Fraunce. que fu sun primer le secund que fu 
 
 noneine. fiz, regna xx. fiz. noneine. 
 e vj. anz. 
 
 Edmund, Edred, Seinte Edburgh. 
 
 le tierz fiz. le quart fiz, regna 
 
 .ix. anz e demi. 
 
 t Iceste Edward, le fiz Alvred, ne fu pas si sage de 
 
 lettrure cum sun pere, mfes il fu plus glorius e plus de 
 
 real poer. II fu cointes, e de grant force, e tint le realme 
 
 d'Engletere h, grant force, e en checune bataile qu'U 
 
 entra aveit la victorie, e pur pour de lui issirent les 
 
 Daneis hors d'Engletere, e ne oseint unquis returnir tant 
 
 cum il vesquist. Iceste Edward de treis femmes qu'il 
 
 espusa engendra.v. fiz e .ix. fiUes, dunt les treis entrerent 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY, 45 
 
 en religion. Icesti establi ,vij. esveskes, e lur assigna 
 esveschees ; e puis qu'il aveit regne .xx. e .iiij. anz, ceo 
 lessa morir, e est enseveli h Wincestre. 
 
 EDMUND, LE FEEKE ADELSTAN LE BEI, KEGNA ,VJ. ANZ E DEMI. 
 
 Icesti Edmund regna aprfes sun frere Adelstan quant U 
 fu de I'age de .xvij. ans, e tint le realme .vj. ans e demi. 
 Icesti Edmund chaca hors d'Engletere tuz les Daneis e 
 les Normauns e tuz les aliens, e puis que totez choses 
 lui furent venu h, volente, al drein fu U tray e confuz. 
 Kar sicum il fust venuz k Canterberie k la feste seint 
 Austin, il vit la un larun k'il out exil6 que out nun Jon, 
 e le rei le assaUH egrement, e le prist ferment par les 
 temples, e I'abati h, tere. Mfes le larun saka une espee, 
 dunt il esteit priviement ceint, e feri le rei parmi le quer, 
 e nafra plusurs de sa meine. Mes h, derein fu le larun 
 occis, e le rei fu enterr6 h, Glastenberie. 
 
 Edred, le fiz Edward, regna aprfes ses freres .ix. anz e 
 demi. Icesti fu pruz e hardi sicum sun pere e ses freres, 
 e regna sul en Engleterre, e morust en bon fin; e pur ceo 
 qu'il fust seint home e net, seint Dunstan oi a sa fin la 
 voiz des angeles disanz, " Ore passe Edred, e dort en 
 nostre Seignur." II regna .ix. anz e demi, e morut, e 
 gist h Wincestre. 
 
46 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 EDWINE, SUN PEIMEE, PIZ, EEGNA .IIIJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Edwine, le fiz Edmund, regna aprbs Edred .iiij. 
 anz. Icesti esteit lecheres, e malement se contint vers 
 Deus, e vers le siecle, e vers totez genz. E quant il fu 
 mort, vint un diable a seint Dunstan, e dit que celi que 
 tant le aveit pursiwi fu mort, pur ceo qu'il entendi que 
 seint Dunstan serreit heite que les diables le aveient 
 porte en enferne. Mfes seint Dunstan se mist en lermes, 
 e pria pur lui a nostre seignur Jhesu Crist, jeskes taunt 
 k'il ust delivere de mains des diables, e le ust prie 
 pardun. Tant cum ceati regna, fu seinte Eglise indali 
 abbess^. Icesti Edwin fu trebeaus, mfes il se dona tut al 
 delit de sa char, issi que le jour de son coronement il 
 ravi h. un grant home riche sa femme pur sa beauts, e fu 
 sa cosine. Icest pursiwi forsment seint eglise, e nomement 
 seint Dunstan ; e apr^s ceo qu'H aveit regne .iiij. anz, 
 morut de vile mort, e est enter^ k Wincestre. 
 
 EDGAR, LB SECUND FIZ, QUE FU APELE LE PAISABLE REI, 
 EEGNA .XVJ. ANZ. 
 
 Quant cesti Edgar nasquist, oi seint Dunstan les angeles 
 chauntanz, e disanz : " Pes en tere taunt cum cesti dure 
 e regnera e Dunstan vivera," e tut issint avint-il. II fu 
 de .xvj. anz quant U comensa k regner, e U fu home de 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 47 
 
 grant bunte e de grant valur, e cher, amiable h. Deu e h 
 tote gent, e regna .xvj. anz e demi en bone pes e en tote 
 manere de plente. Nul ne fa plus dreiturel de lui, ne 
 plus red pur justice tenir, ne il regarda la persone de 
 nuH, quar il juggera le riche ausi cum le povere solum 
 sun trespas. 
 
 f Icesti Adelstan, le fiz Edward, regna apres sun pere. 
 Icesti fu le plus beaus homme que I'em seust, mes il 
 vesqui poi de vie, pur ceo qu'U fust sovent alasse de 
 bataille, mes il ne pout unquis estre vencuz. Mes pur 
 ceo qu'il esteit de bon quer e de bardi corage, U ne 
 cessa unquis de combatre jeske tant qu'il ust vencu 
 le rei de Wales e le rei de Escoce, e eus[t] conquis 
 sur eus la seignurie, e les fist rendre a lui checun 
 an truage, issint qu'il recus[t] cbescun an de Wales .xx. 
 livres de or, e .ccc. livres de argent, e .xx. vaches, E tut 
 fust U prus en bataiUes, il funda muz abbaies. Icesti 
 aveit une soer, la quele Hue, rei de France, desira aver 
 h, femme, e ele est nun out Edtild, e pur la grant amur 
 ke le rei de France out k lui, si enveia al rei Adelstan 
 riches presenz, ceo est a saver chevals covers des armes, 
 od tut lur loreins, e precious peres de totes maneres de 
 peres, e I'espe I'emperor Constantin, e un des treis 
 clones nostre Seignur, e la launce dunt nostre seignur fu 
 feru, la quele Charlemeyn le grant soleit porter encuntre 
 
48 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 les Saracins, e la banere de seint Moriz, e de la crois de 
 nostre Seignur, e de sa corune d'espine, e une crois riche- 
 ment aurn^ de preciouses peres, dunt le rei esteit mult 
 joyus, e li enveia sa soer. E il regna noblement .xx. e 
 .vj. anz, e est enseveli a Malmesberi. 
 
 "* En sun tens ne aveit nul larun, ne nul robeur, ne nul 
 que osast mover gwerre, que tantost ne fust justic^. E 
 chescun an tant cum il regna il funda abbeies, ou musters, 
 ou ascime grant cbose pur Deu, e sa seintet^ apparust 
 apres sa mort, quar .xl. aunz qu'il aveit jeu en sun 
 sepulcre, e dust estre remu^, sun corps fu trov^ entere, 
 saunc tut frechement encurut, dunt muz miracles sunt fez. 
 
 Edward le Martir, Seinte Edith. Edmund, 
 regna .iij. anz et demi. que morust enfaunt. 
 
 Adeldred. 
 
 Icesti Edward regna apres Edgar sun pere .iij. anz e 
 demi en grant poer, vahs encuntre la volunte Estrild sa 
 maratre, que tuz jours le gaita pur occire. II avint par 
 un jour que cesti Edward fu alass6 de chacer, e ses 
 chevalers furent tuz esparpilles par les laundes, il passa 
 par cas par la mesun sa marastre, e ele le fist bel semblaunt, 
 e le recut h grant joie, e le beisa, e le dona h. beuvre, e 
 tant cum il bust ele le fori parmi le corps d'un dart agu. 
 E quant le saint bome se senti si grevement plaie, il se 
 turna devers sa gent a plustot que poeit, e il testa de I'un 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLLSH HISTORY. 49 
 
 pe, e par les traces de sun sane must k ses chevalers que 
 
 le quereient les signes de sa mort. 
 
 t Memes cesti Edgar le fiz Edmund, ke fu apele le 
 
 peisible rei, conquist le realme apres sun frere, e il fust 
 
 home mult deboneres e de bone part. Icesti aveit dous 
 
 femmes, la una aprfes I'autre, e de la primere engendra-il 
 
 Edward, que pus fu martir, e seint Edith, e de la secunde 
 
 engendra-il Edmund e Adeldred, e puis qu'il aveit regne 
 
 .xvj. anz, e aveit fait plusurs musturs, rendi h, Deii sa 
 
 alme. 
 
 Adeldred le rei regna .xxxvij. anz. 
 
 Edmund, Alvrei, Edward 
 
 que fu apel6 Ireneside. que fu trai par Godwine le confessor. 
 
 cunte de Kent. 
 
 Icesti Adeldred, le fiz Edgar, regna aprfes Edward 
 
 sun frere, que fu felonesment occis. De cesti prophetisa 
 
 Dunstan, pur ceo qu'il pissa en le seint founz quant il fu 
 
 baptize. Icesti regna en pes .x. anz, tant cum seint 
 
 Dunstan vesqui, e si fu primes mult cruel, e puis fuit 
 
 mult cheitif, e led e hidus h sa fin. E aprfes la mort 
 
 seint Dunstan vindrent les Daneis chescun an, e destruerent 
 
 la terre e greverent mult le rei. E Edrith le conte de Sa- 
 
 lopesbiri le trai, quar il mustra tuz jurs sun consail h ses 
 
 enemis, e eel fu malveis traitre, e ceo aparut a sa fin, 
 
 Icest Adeldred engendra de une femme aliene Edmund 
 
 Yreneside, e de Emme, sa femme espose, la soer le due 
 
50 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 de Normandie, engendra Alvrei, e Edward, que puis fu 
 seint. E regna .xxx. e .vij. anz, e est ensevel[i] k 
 Londres a seint Poul. 
 
 Icesti Edmu.nd que fu apele Yreneside, pur sa pruesse 
 e pur sa force, regna apr^s sun pere. Sa sete returna 
 James arere, ne sa espde ne fu trete en vein. Icesti fu 
 de grant force e de grant sulfrance, e unkes ne fu vencuz 
 en bataille, e nul ne I'ust vencu, ne fust la tresun Edrith, 
 le cunte de Salopesbiri. Quar quant Knut le rei passa 
 Engleterre, Edmund I'encuntra, e par sa force h la primere 
 venue esparpilla son oste, e la secunde venue par la 
 treison Edrith fu Edmund confuz, issi que li coveneit 
 partir sun realme al rei Knut, e par tant furent il acordez, 
 e tost apres par la treisun Edrith fu Edmund occis, e est 
 enterre k Glastinbiri. Icest Edmund engendra un fiz 
 Edward, que apres la mort sun pere dota tant la cruelty 
 de Knut, que il fu jeske en Hungerie, e Ih prist la soer 
 le rei de Hungerie a femme, e engendra de lui Edgar 
 Edeling e Margarete e Edmund e Cristine. 
 
 EDWAED, LE PIZ EDMUND, QUE EU EXILE AVEC CES ENFANZ. 
 
 Cesti Edward sen fui jeske en Hungerie pur dute de 
 
 Knut, e iloc engendra cez enfanz desous escriz. 
 
 Edgar Etheling. 
 
 Seinte Mergarete, Edmund., Cristine, 
 j-eine de Escoce. sun autre fiz. que fu noneiue. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 51 
 
 Iceste Margarete, que fu fiUe Edward, que fu fiz 
 Edmund Ireneside rei d'Engleterre, que par force de vent 
 fu enchase en Escoce aventurosoment, Macolum le rei de 
 Escoce la esposa e engendra de li una fiUe que out h, nun 
 Maud, la quele la primere rei Henri d'Engleterre, par 
 grant amur que lungemen[t] aveit este entre els, prist a 
 femme, e engendra de lui une fille que out k nun Maud 
 sicum la mere, Iceste Maud, fille le rei Henri, fu esposi S, le 
 emperour Henri, ceo est a saver le an de grace .M. .c. e 
 .X., e puis que I'emperour se lessa morir saunz engendrure, 
 la emperice returna arere k son pere en Engleterre, e le 
 rei Henri la maria derechef k Gefray que fu apele Plante- 
 de-Genet, cunte de Anjowe, e celi Gefrei engendra de li 
 un &z que fu apel6 Henri. Icest Henri, apres la mort 
 Henri le primer, son ael, moveit guere encuntre le rei 
 Estevene, que tint k tort le realme d'Engleterre, e dura 
 la gwere .xvij. anz. E sicum Deu voleit, le an de grace 
 .M. .c. e .liiij. sessa la guere, e morut le rei Estfene. 
 Icest Henri due de Normandie conquist la corone d'Engle- 
 terre, e est apele le rei Henri le Secund, e dure cost ligne 
 jeskes al cercle oil jeo escriz Maud la fille le rei de 
 Escoce e seint Margarete. 
 
 Le rei Knut nasquist en Danemarche, e regna par 
 force apres Edmund Ireneside, e unkes devant lui puis 
 le terns le rei Artur ne fust si grant rei, ne de si grant 
 
52 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 peer, en Engletere. II esteit seignur de Danemarche, 
 e de Norwaie, e d'Escoce, e de tot Engletere apres 
 Edmund Ireneside. E le primer an de son coronement 
 vindrent h li tuz ceus que par I'enticement Edrith le 
 traitre aveint occis le rei Edmund, e quiderent aver de li 
 grant guerdon. Mes quant le rei Knut aveit entendu 
 lur treisun, il fist assemb]e[r] tut sun baronage, e devant 
 eus tuz les feseit morir de huntose mort, e puis surd un 
 contec a Loundres en un soler sur Tamise entre le rei 
 
 KNUT LE DANEIS, LE GRAUNT REI, REGNA EN ENGLETERRE 
 
 .XX. ANZ. 
 
 e le conte Edritli, e le conte reprocha au rei, e dist, 
 "Jeo guerpi mun seignur, e estre ceo le fiz occir, pur 
 liverer h, vus le realme." E le rei, ravisaunt la parole 
 hors de sa bouche, si le dist, " Vuus avez parle encuntre 
 vostre teste demaine. E vus morez par draite jugement, 
 pur ceo que vus occis vostre seignur naturel e mun frere 
 en lei." E tantost le fist lier mains e peez, e le fist geter en 
 Tamise parmi une fenestre, e issi morut. E Knut regna 
 .XX. anz, e est enseveli fi, Wincestre. 
 
 Haraud Harefot, Hardecnut, 
 
 sun fiz. sun autre fiz. 
 
 Iceste Haraud, que fu apeM Harefot, pur ceo k'il fu 
 leger de cors, fu bastard, engendr^ del rei Knut e de la 
 fille le conte Elflem, e regna apres sun pere .iiij. anz e 
 .iiij. mois, e morut, e est enseveli eL Wincestre. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 53 
 
 Icest Hardecnut regna apres sun frere Haraud Harefot, 
 e le secund an de son regne, si fust rendu a I'ost de Danais 
 ti'uage .xxi. M' liveres de argent, e .cc. e .ix. Kveres. E 
 derechef .xlviij. liveres. Icesti fa de si grant [largesce], qu'il 
 fist doner quatre foiz le jour k tote sa curt a manger real- 
 ment, e morut le secund an de son regne en une boverie, 
 e est enseveli a Wincestre. 
 
 SEINTE EDWAUD, LE CONFESSOR E VIRGINE, REGNA .XXIIIJ. 
 
 ANZ. 
 
 Icesti seint Edward fu pitus, e dreiturels, e puis que 
 aveit receu le realme par cunsail de sun baronage, fist 
 renovelir e establir e confermer le[s] bones leis que fiiren[t] 
 endonnes .Ixviij. anz, e fiurent celes leis apelez les leis 
 Edward, ne mi pur ceo qu'il les controva primes, mes pur 
 ceo qu'eles furent lesses e obHez du tens le rei Edgar, son 
 ael, que prunes les controva, e il les renovela. 
 
 Aucune gent dient que, pus que seint Edward vit la 
 mavaite de sa gent, e le orgoHes &z Godwine, ceo est a 
 saver de Haraud e de Lefwine, e lur freres, e vit que il ne 
 poeit pas aver sun purpos de Edgar avaunt sa mort, si 
 piurvist que Wdlam Bastard, son cosin, que fort fust, e 
 bon guereur, ust le realme apres ses jours. 
 
 HAHAUD, LE FIZ GODWIN CUNTE DE KENT, REGXA I. AN. 
 
 Icest Haraud, le fiz Godwine cunte de Kent, e frere la 
 
54 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 reine, par sa force e par aide de sun linage, aprfes la mort 
 seint Edward le confessor, se fist coroner rei, k West- 
 miister, e puis que aveit regn^ un an, par la vengeance 
 de Deu si fu occis en bataille de Willam le due de Nor- 
 mandie, e 1^ est funde pur les almes que la furent occis 
 la mesun de la Bataille, e Haraud enseveli h Waltham, e 
 regna un an, ou .ix. mois solum les uns. 
 
 Roland, le primere due de Norman die. 
 
 Willam le Lungesp6, sun fiz. 
 
 Richard sanz Pour le fiz Willam le Lungespe. 
 
 Richard le secund, Robert, Mauger, Willam, 
 
 sun flz. eveskesdeRoem, son tierz cuntedeAnjowe, 
 
 sun fiz. fiz. le .iiij. fiz. 
 
 Emme, Hawise, Maiide, 
 
 sa fille. sa autre fille. laticrcefiUe. 
 
 [Richard le secund.] 
 
 Richard Robert. Willam Alice, Willam, Mauger, 
 
 le tierce. le moine. lafemme cunte de ercoveske 
 
 le cunte Gailan. de Rueiu. 
 de Flaundres. 
 
 [Willam, cunte de Anjowe.] 
 
 Robert, Johan, 
 
 cuntedeAnjowe. cveske 
 deLisies. 
 
 [Emme, sa fille.J 
 
 Alvrei, Edward 
 quefutraipar leconfessur. 
 Godwin. 
 
 [Hawise.] 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. .10 
 
 Alain. Gwy. 
 
 [Maude la tierce fiUe.] 
 
 Willam 
 le Bastard. 
 
 WILLAil LE BASTARD, CONQUEEUR d'aNGLETERE, REGNA 
 .XX. E .IJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Willam, qu'est dit le Bastard, conquerur d'Engle- 
 
 tere de celui que h, tort le tint, conquist le realme par 
 
 force de bataille, e puis k'il aveit regn^ .xxij. anz, le 
 
 .lix. an de sun age, le au de I'incarnacioun nostre seignur 
 
 .M. 1. 
 
 Robert Curtehuse, Willam le E,us, E-ichard, 
 
 son primer fiz. le secund fiz, regna apres sun que niorut 
 
 pere .xiij. anz. enfaunt. 
 
 Henri le clerc, EUe, Cecille, 
 
 le quart fiz, regna .xxv. anz duchesse deBlois, abbesse de Cham, sa 
 e demi. sa fille. fiUe. 
 
 Custaunce, La quart, 
 
 cuntasse de Bretaine. que fu promis a Charles , morust pucele. 
 
 [Henri le clerc] 
 
 Marie, Willam, Maud, 
 
 lafiUelareined'Escoce, que perist enfaunt en la emperice de Rome e 
 
 e la femme mere. cuutesse de Anjowe. 
 
 de Henri le clerke. 
 
 [Elle.] 
 
 Estefne, 
 le fiz al cunte de Bleis e Elle, la soer Hem-i le primer, regna .xx. anz... 
 
 Icesti Estefne, que fu fiz Elle, la ducliesse de Bleis, 
 
56 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 prist k tort, encuntre sun leal serment, la corone, e regna, 
 e tut le tenz de sa vie la retiiit en gwere e en travaile k 
 decertes la guere fust mult cruel par .xvij. anz. E si fina 
 le an de rincarnacion Nostre Seignur .M. e .liiij., pur ceo 
 que meimes eel an, ceo est a saver le viij. Kalende de 
 Novembre, le rei Estefne, noble chevaler e debonere, 
 morut, e si fu enterre noblement, a grant honur, en la 
 eglise qu'il fist fere h, Faversham. 
 
 Iceste Henri, due de Normandie, puis k'il oi noveles par 
 sertains messagers de la mort Estefne, si vint en Engle- 
 tere, e fu receu curteisment de la clergie, h, grant honur e 
 a grant assemble de people fu coron^ cum rei de I'erce- 
 veske Tebaud de Canterbirie, ceo est h, saver par un 
 dimaine le .xiiij. Kalende de Junet, a Westmuster, e il 
 prist maintenaunt en propres dreitures les citez e les 
 diastoles e totez les chosez que apurteneient k la corone, 
 e mist hors du realme tuz les aliens, e en eel an Thomas 
 I'erceveske de Canterbiri fu fet chanceler le rei, e puis fu 
 martirise. 
 
 HENRI LE SECUND, FIZ l'eMPERICE E GEFRAY GUNTE DE 
 AN JO WE, REGNA .XXXV. ANZ. 
 
 Willam, Henri, Eichard, Maude, Gefray, 
 
 que morut que fu dit lo que fu rei si duchesse de cunte de 
 
 enfaunt. jofne rei. prus. Cesoine, e mere Bretaine. 
 
 de Ottoii. 
 
 Alienore, Johane, Jon, Henri, 
 
 reine de cuntasse de ke puis fu duo de 
 
 C'astolc. 'J'uliisc. rei. Sessoine. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 57 
 
 Ottun, 
 I'emperor. 
 
 Artur 
 de Bretaine. 
 
 Alienore 
 la Brete. 
 
 Dame Blanche, 
 reine de Fraunce. 
 
 
 Eemund le grant, 
 cunte de Tuliise. 
 
 EICHAED, QUEU DE LIUN, E.EGNA .X. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Richard regna aprfes sun pere, e jura h son 
 coronement qu'il portereit pes e honur e reverence tuz les 
 jours de sa vie a Deu e a seinte eglise e a ses ordineires, 
 e ceo fist-U, e apres le viage de utremere, sicum il veneit 
 en Aquitaine, e adresseit son chemin vers Engletere, il 
 assegea h tut sun ost le chastel de Thabis, que le rei de 
 France aveit occupe, oil il fu feru de un dart envenim6. 
 Alias ! il morust, al viij Kalende de Aperille, en le an de 
 grace M' .c e .Ixxxx. e .ix., e fu entere a Funte Everaud 
 as piez son pere. 
 
 t Apres la mort le rei Henri le secund, fu Richard, 
 sun fiz, corone h, grant honur, le tierz None de Septembre, 
 le an de grace .M. .c. .Ixxx., e puis aprfes le rei Phelip de 
 France e le rei Richard enpristrent le viage vers la Terre 
 Seinte. Mes la rei de France ala devant, e puis le rei 
 Richard ala par mer, e aveit ovekes li .xiij. granz nefs 
 que I'em apele busses, e furent estendu de trgbble veil, e 
 .c. nefs chargez, e .1. galeyes. E puis le tressime jour 
 ariva h, Cipre, e Corand, le seignur de Cipre, vint cuntre 
 lui, e li defendi le port. Dune le rei se coruca, e se media 
 
58 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 od lui, e le venqui, e le fit lier, e prist les tresoris, e puis 
 siwi le rei de France h, grant glorie. E una nef que Tem 
 apele dromund, plain de Sarrazins, li surdi en coste en la 
 mer, la quele U prist, e fist neer les Sarazins .M. .ccc. e 
 .vij., .M. chameus, .M. .ccc. e .cc. fist-il gardier tuz vifs, e 
 si prist-il Damiette, e autres chasteles vers Babilonie, a 
 .vij. .M. chameus charges de grant richesses, qu'il departie 
 largement h, trestust son ost. E puis qu'il out tut ceo 
 conquis, il returna vers Engleterre, e passa par Ostrice, e 
 il fu aparceu del due de Ostrice, e detenu par la treson 
 des Francois, la quele puis fu esprov^. Quar le rei 
 Phelip, que aveit tuz jours en vie k ses nobles fez, si mist 
 tut dis la terre de Normendie en tribulation, e occupa k 
 lui les chasteles jeskes tant que le rei Richard returna en 
 Normendie apr^s la rauncun fete. 
 
 t Icesti Johan, le derein de ses freres, aprfes la mort al 
 vailant rei Richard regna. Icesti fist treis maneres de 
 sermentz, ceo est k saver, qu'il amereit e honureit Deu e 
 seint eglise e ses ordinaires, e qu'il ostereit les mauveises 
 leis, e les bones establiereit, e droit justice haucereit. 
 Entre tuz reis mortels il fu le plus franc e par son en^ 
 degre se fist serf, e mist le realme d'Engletere en truage. 
 E aprfes plusurs tribulations e parties de ses terres utre 
 mer, e puis qu'il aveit regn^ .xviij. anz e .v. mois, morut. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 59 
 
 e commanda sa alme a Deu e h seint Westan, e est en- 
 terr6 k Wincestre. 
 
 LE EEI JON REGNA .XVIIJ. ANZ E .V. MOIS. 
 
 Henri, Richard, Isabele, 
 
 son primere fiz. rei de Alamaine. emperice. 
 
 Alienore, Johane, 
 
 cnntesse de Penbrok. reine de Escoce. 
 
 Henri de Alamaine. Edmund de Alamaine. 
 
 Henri de Muntfort. Simon de Muntfort. 
 
 Ameri de Muntfort. Gwy de Muntfort. 
 
 Richard de Muntford. Alienore de Muntfort. 
 
 Alienore cuntesse de Penbrok, mere Henri de Mun- 
 
 fort e ses freres, fu primerement mari^ ^ WUlam le 
 
 Marescbal le jofne, e apres h, Simon de Muntfort, e en- 
 
 gendra de li ses .vj. enfaunz. 
 
 HENRI LE TREIZ, LE PEISABLE RE I, E TRES BON CRISTIEN, 
 REGNA .LVI. ANZ E .XXIIIJ. 
 
 Edward, Margarete, Edmund, Katerine, 
 
 son primer fiz. reine de Escoce. I'autre fiz. quemorutenfaunt. 
 
 t Henri le tierz regna aprfes Joban, son pere. Cesti 
 
 Henri est dit le tierce pur ceo k'U est entitle e en cronicle, 
 
 e en escriz, e en chartres, ne mie par la reson del nom, mfes 
 
 pur la reson del real seignurie e dignite. Quar si le 
 
 primer rei Henri seet cunt^, e puis Henri le fiz k I'emperice, 
 
 e apres le fiz k cell Henri que fu dist le jofne rei, icesti 
 
60 
 
 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 serrait le quart. M^s pur ceo que cell Henri est dist le 
 tierz. E icesti Henri dedenz le dime an de son age, le jour 
 Seint Simon e Seint Jude, fu corone h grant joie, e il jura 
 qu'il portereit honur e reverence k Deu, e h. seinte eglise, 
 e h ses ordineres, e si fist noblement, e il morut en le an 
 de grace .M.cc.lxxiij., e est enterre devaunt le haut auter 
 de Westmuster. 
 
 EDWARD, LE FIZ HENRI LE TIERZ, REGNA REI. 
 
 Alienore, 
 son fille. 
 
 Johane Holand, 
 pi'incesse de Wales. 
 
 Isabele, 
 autre fille. 
 
 Alfons. 
 
 qui morut 
 
 enfaunt. 
 
 Thomas Holand, 
 kunte de Kent. 
 
 Edmund, 
 conte de Kent. 
 
 Jon Holand, 
 duo de Excestre. 
 
 EDWARD, FIZ DE EDWARD, REGNA REI. 
 
 Johane de la Tour, reine de Escoce. 
 
 EDWARD LE TERCE, REGNA .L. 
 
 Edward, 
 
 prince de Wales. 
 
 LeoneUe, 
 due de Clarence. 
 
 Jon, 
 due de Lancastre. 
 
 Edward, 
 
 que morut enfaunt. 
 
 Cuntesse de 
 la Marche. 
 
 Mortemer. 
 
 Cunte de 
 la Marche. 
 
 
 Henri, 
 duo de Herford. 
 
 Edmund, 
 duo de Everwic. 
 
 Thomas, 
 due de Glouoestre. 
 
 Isabele 
 de Couoi. 
 
 Edward, 
 
 duo de Almarle. 
 
 Duifrai 
 de Banu. 
 
 Isabele, 
 
 duchesse de Irland. 
 
 RICHARD LE SECUNDE REI, FIZ EDWARD PRINCE DE WALES. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 No. III. 
 
 Bngleterre ad en sey en lungure .viij. c. liwes^ ceo est a saver^ 
 d'Bscoce jeske k Totenesse. E en leesce .ccc. liwes, ceo est a 
 saver^ de Monemue jeskes a Dover. E envirun quatre .M. e .Ix. 
 liwes. 
 
 Le Nobth. 
 Le regne de Norihhumherlaunde. Iceste realme content tote la 
 terre ke est ntre Humbre jeske &, la mer de EscocOj e 1&. est le 
 ercevescB^ de Bverwike, e le evesk^ de Duranij e le esyescli^ de 
 Kardoyl. 
 
 L'OCCIDBNT. 
 
 Le regne de la Marche. Iceo realme content Gloucestre, Wire- 
 cestre, Warwike, e Cestre^ Derby, Stafford, e la est le evesche de 
 Covingtr^, e de Lichefeld, Oxenford, Bokingkam, Bedeford, 
 Huntindone, Leycestre, Norhamton, Nicole oveke le esveske. 
 
 Le regne de Westsexe. Ceste reaume cuntent Wiltesire e 
 Barkesire, e la est le esveske de Salesbiri, ke jadis esteit a Shire- 
 burne, ou h Cirencestre, ke ore est deserte. Icest reaume est 
 tolet des autres. 
 
 Le Suth. 
 Le regne de Susex. Ceste reaume content Susex, e. la est le 
 eveske de Oicestre, e Suhantonsire, e la, est le evesk^ de Win- 
 
62 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 cestrej e Somersete, e la est le esvesk^ de Ba, e Devcnesire^ e 
 Corwayle, e li est le esveske de Bxcestre. 
 
 Kent. Les reis de Kent aveient proprement la seignurie de 
 Kent, en la quele est le ercesvesk^ de Canterburie e le esvesk^ de 
 Roucestre, mes le se le erceYeske de Canterberie fu jadis d Dover. 
 
 L'Obient. 
 
 Estesex. Iceste reaume content Bstsex, e Middelsex, e la 
 meyt^ de Hertefordsire, e 1^ est le esvesk^ de Lundres. Iceste 
 ne dura lungement, pur ceo k'il fust tolet des autres. 
 
 Le regne de Sessuns de Vest. ...e real...ent su...folke e lacy/ 
 (/(/eske de ]Srorwiz...it k Bvisham...e Cantebri...e la est le e^/ff 
 
 Par ceste figure desus escrist poet hem saver les divers 
 regnes ke furent jadis par les Engleis en Engleterre, ke 
 est bien longe, e kel est le orient, e quel le Occident, e 
 quel le suth, e quel le north. Engleterre fu apel6 jadis 
 Britayne, de un home ke aveit £l nun Brutus, ke primes 
 habita en Engleterre, apres ke les geanz furent morz. E 
 Engleterre est la plus benure terre ke seyt en universe 
 munde, kar ele est assise entre le north e le Occident, 
 dunt ele receyt covenable atemprure sur totes terres, 
 ceo est a saver, de I'occident chalur, e del north freyt, 
 la que seint Gi'egorie, ke tesmonage est mult aforc6 par 
 autorite, durement la preisa quant LI vit porter les 
 enfaunz de Engleterre el marche h. vendre, e dist, 
 
FEUDAL. MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 63 
 
 " Verrayment les Engleis poent estre dit angeles, pur 
 ceo ke lur face resplent sicum la face de angele." E 
 
 al tens ke ore curt ne ne natiun en tut le mund oil 
 
 I'em sert k Deu si ordenement ne si devotement cum en 
 Engleterre. E pur ceo ke Engleterre est semblable 
 
 al e les Engleis as angeles, al loenge de Engleterre 
 
 dist un versfiur ces vers. 
 
 Ilia quidem longo celebri splendore beata, 
 Glebis, lacte, favis, supereminet Insula cunctis. 
 Quam regit ille Deus, spumanti cujus ab ore 
 Profluit oceanus. 
 Et paulo post in eodem. 
 
 Testes Londonise ratibus, Wintonia Baccho, 
 Herefordia grege, Wigomia fruge redundans, 
 Bado lacu, Salebiria feris, Cantuaria pisce, 
 Eboracum sUvis, Exonia clara metaUis, 
 Norwicum Dacis, Hibernis Cestria, Gallis 
 Cicestria, Noragenis Dunolmia propinquans. 
 Testis Lincolnise gens infinita decore, 
 Testis Heli formosa situ, Tonecestria visti. 
 
 Pus que nus avum dit du pris de Engleterre, si lerrum 
 ataunt, e parleruns de ceus ke regnerent del tens de 
 Bretuns, par divers pais, les uns par eritage, e les uns par 
 conqueste de bataile, e parleruns de nos naturels reis, e 
 
64 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 de ki il nasquirent, e comencerum del noble combatur (?) 
 Ethelbert, le fiz Ailmund, ke fu rei de Westsex, e par 
 bataille venqui tuz les autres reis, e conquist par force la 
 seignurie de tut Engleterre, sicum ws verrez desuz. 
 
 Aprfes la avaundite partie de regiuns, les avaundiz set 
 reis se entrecombaterent, e les uns occirent les autres, e 
 dune fu la terre en cink regiuns, issi ke le primer regna 
 taunsolement en Kent, e le secund, ceo est k saver le rei 
 de Westsex de I'occident, aveit la seignurie de Sureye, e 
 de Susex, e le cunte de Suhamtone, e de Wiltone, e de 
 Barkesire, e de Somersete, e de Dorsete, e de Devenesire, 
 e de Cornwayle, e aveit ces esveskes, de Cicestre e de 
 Wincestre, de Salesbiri, de Ba, ke jadis fu k Welles, de 
 Excestre, en ki liu furent jadis dous, dunt I'un fu h. 
 Cridintone, e I'autre a Seint Germain. Le tierz si aveit 
 la seignurie de la Marche, e aveit ces cunt6es, Gloucestre, 
 Hereford, Wircestre, Salopebiri, Cestre, Stafford, Derbi, 
 Notingham, Leycestre, Nicole, Norhamtone, Warwike, 
 Oxenford, Bokingham, Huntingdun, e demi Bedeford, e 
 aveit ces esveskes, de Hereford, de Wircestre, de Coventry, 
 ke est apele de Cestre, e de Nicole. Le quart, ceo est a 
 saver de I'Orient, tint Estsex, e Middelsex, Hertefordsire, 
 Sufolk, Norfolk, e la meite de Bedefordsive, e aveit treis 
 esveskes, de Lundres, de Eli, de Theford, ke ore est 
 apele de Norwiz. Le quint, ceo est jl saver, le rei de 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 65 
 
 Norhumberlande, aveit tote la terre ultre Humbre, sicum 
 I'em poet ver en la figure desus escrist. 
 
 BRITHRICH, REI DE WESTSEX. 
 
 Ceste Brithritli fu un des cink reis de Engleterre, quant 
 le realme fu parti en cink. 
 
 AETHELBERT LE FIZ AILMUND, REGNA .XXXVIJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Aethelbert, fiz Ailmund, fu n6 e nuri en West- 
 sex, ke comensa en sa juvente de estre pruz e vaillant, 
 mes le rei Britbrith, ke dunk regna en Westsex, le gaita 
 tuz jurs par mal, e le coveita de occire, pur ceo k'il dota 
 k'il toudrait ^ li e si ses beirs sun regno. Dunt memes 
 celi Etbelbert fuwi jeske en Fratmce ; e Ik aprist-il cur- 
 teisies e bons murs, e aprist mult de armes. E k eel tens 
 regna Cbarles le Graunt en France. E Ik demora Etbel- 
 bert jeske k la mort Britbritb. E apres la mort Britb- 
 ritb si envoyerent les Engleis aprfes Aetbelbert, e le feseitit 
 rei. Li quel Aetbelbert, par sun sen e par sa pruesce e 
 par cunsaU des bauz bomes de la terre, movait guere en- 
 cuntre les autres reis, e dura la guere .xx. e .viij. anz, e 
 puis k'n les aveit tuz vencuz, si regna en pes .ix. anz, e 
 fu tut le tens de sun regne .xxxvij. anz, e puis morust, e 
 est enterre a Wincestre. 
 
 ETHELWLF, LE FIZ ATHELBERT, REGNA .XX. ANZ ET .V. MOYS. 
 
 Icesti Etbelwlf regna apres sun pere Atbelbert. Icesti 
 
66 FEUDAL MAKUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 dona El Deu la dime hide de terre de tut Engleterre, 
 
 franche e quite de tute manere de servise seculer, pur 
 
 pestre e vestir les povres. E puis ala k Rome, e dona k 
 
 Seint Pere chescun an de chescune mesun de Engleterre 
 
 un dener, k'est apele encore le dener seint Pere. Estre 
 
 ceo il dona chescun an k Rome .ccc. besaunz, ceo est a 
 
 saver, k la lumere seint Pere .c, e k la lumere seint Pol, .c, 
 
 e h. I'apostoille .c. ; e puis k'il aveit demore kRome un an, 
 
 returna par France, e prist la fiUe Charles le Cauf h femme. 
 
 E puis aprfes dous aunz morut, e est enterr^ h Wincestre. 
 
 E fu tut le tens de sun regne .xx. aunz e .v. moys. Icesti 
 
 Ethelwlf aveit quatre fiz sicum il sunt mis ici. 
 
 Ethelbald, Ethelbrith, Etheldred, 
 
 regna cink moys. regna .v. anz. le tierz fiz. 
 
 Alvered, 
 le quart fiz. 
 
 Ces dous freres, Ethelbald e Ethelbrith, partirent le 
 
 regne entre eus, e regnerent ensemble. Mes Ethelbald 
 
 morust apres .v. moys, e Ethelbrith regna apres li, e tint 
 
 tuit le regne enterement .v. aunz. 
 
 ETHELDRED, LE FIZ ETHELWLF, REGNA .V. AUNZ. 
 
 Icesti Etheldred vaillaunt chevalier esteit, prodome 
 quant k Deu, e vallaunt k secle, recut le realme aprfes la 
 mort Ethelbrith sun frere. Mfes les Daneys le guerreient 
 mult egrement, issi ke nof feiz dedenz un an li donerent 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 67 
 
 cliampele bataylle, saunz autres asauz, mes il les venqui 
 sovent, e relement fu vencu. Mes fet h, remembrer k'il 
 dona k Daneis une bataille sur Assendoune, ke vindrent 
 od dous reis e .v. cuntes, e grant host, e departirent lur 
 host en dous parties, dunt la une fu bailie as reis, e 
 I'autre as cuntes. E le rey Etheldret parti sun ost en 
 dous parties, dunt il retint vers lui la une partie, e 
 I'autre partie bailla k Alvred sun frere de aler encuntre 
 les cuntes e les baruns. E dura cele bataile tut un juv, 
 e puis se reposerent. Mfes lendemain matin tant cum le 
 rei Etheldred oy sa messe, Alvred sun frere od sun ost 
 hastivement ala a la bataille, e les Daneis vindrent cuntre 
 li a grant puer, e resturent forment cuntre els, dunt les 
 Engleis furent forment espauntez, e k poi k'U ne se 
 tornerent k la fute, e enveerent hastivement pur le rey, 
 mes il ne voleit en nule manere issir avant ke la messe le 
 comaunda k Deu, e dune prist il les armes. E kant il 
 vint al liu de la bataille, il se seigna de la croiz, e asailli 
 egrement les Daneis, e k grant force peerca I'ost le rei 
 Oseg, e fori le rei Oseg parmi de une launce, e occist 
 I'autre rei de sa espee, e memos eel jur venqui tuz les 
 cuntes od tut lur ost. Mes, alias ! il vesqui poi de tens 
 aprfes, e regna tan solement .v. aunz, e morut, e est en- 
 terre a Wimburne, 
 
68 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOlir. 
 
 ALVKED, LE TEES SAGE KEY, REGNA .XX. e .VIIJ. ANZ 
 E DEMI. 
 
 Alvred, le fiz Ethelwlf, regna apres Etheldred sun 
 frere, e fu en totes choses sages e cointes. Icesti fu le 
 primer rey ke fu enoint e recut la corone del realme de 
 I'apostoille Leon le quart, le an de rincamaciun .dccc. e 
 .Ixxij . E quant il returna de Rome, il fist garder si bien 
 la pes en la terre, k'il fist pendre besanz de or parmi les 
 chauns, e la oh les chemins e les sentes se assemblerent, 
 e sur les arbres, e nul ne les osa tocher ne tolir. Icesti 
 departi sun tresor e ses rentes en dous parties, dunt il 
 parti la une meit6 en treis, des quels il asigna la une 
 partie h, les ministres de sa curt, e I'autre partie a se[s] 
 overers en divers lius, e la tierce partie as povres 
 estraunges. E I'autre meit^ de ses rentes devisa en 
 quatre parties, la primere partie assigna II povres et h, 
 meseisez de Engleterre, e la secunde as povres religiuns, 
 e la tierce k povres clers, e la quarte as povres Engles 
 utre mer. E tote la meit6 de sun purchaz k'il pout par 
 dreit purchacer dona as povres abbayes. E il establi mult 
 les leis, ke encore sunt al secle. E puis k'U aveit regn6 
 en grant travail .xx. e .viij. aunz e demi, U se lessa morir, 
 e est enterre k Wincestre. 
 
 Memes cesti Alvred ordina sa vie en tele manere. II 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 69 
 
 depart! le jour naturel en .xx. e .iiij. hures, e puis les 
 devisa en treis parties, dunt il despendi les .viij. hures en 
 lescuns, e en oreisuns, e les autres .viij. hures en sun 
 cors refere e ayser e reposer, e les autres .viij. hures a 
 parlementer e treter de I'estat e del governement de sun 
 regne. E en ceste manere se garda tote sa vie. II aveit 
 
 Tui clerk en sa chapele ke fu tendaunt del tut k ces 
 
 hures depar e pur alumer les cirges en la chapele. 
 
 EDWARD LE VEIL, FIZ ALVRED LE REI, REGNA .XX. 
 E .IIIJ. AUNZ. 
 
 Icesti Edward, le fiz Alvred, ne fu pas si sage de let- 
 trure cum sun pere, m^s il fu plus glorius e plus de real 
 poer. II fu cointes, e de grant force, e tint le realm e de 
 Engleterre a grant force, e en chescune bataille k'il entra 
 aveit la victorie. E pur pour de lui issirent les Daneis 
 hors d'Engleterre, e ne oseint unke returner tant que il 
 vesquist. Icesti Edward de treis femmes k'll espusa en- 
 gendra .v. fiz e .ix. fiUes, dunt les treis entrerent en 
 religiun. Icesti establi .vij. esveskes, e lur assigna esves- 
 chees. E puis k'U aveit regne .xx. e .iiij. anz, se lessa morir e 
 est enseveli h. Wincestre. 
 
 ELFLED LA SAGE 
 
 Ceste Elfled fu la plus sage femme del mund, e par 
 sviii sen aida mult h Edward sun frere a governer son 
 
70 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 realme. Iceste Elfled fu done al conte Edred k femme, e 
 
 puis ke ele aveit un enfaunt port6, ele ne voleit unke suf- 
 
 frir ke son barun la tochast charnelment, e diseit k'il ne 
 
 afiert mie h. fille de rei amer tel delit, dunt tant de 
 
 angoise e peine en^dt de enfannt porter. 
 
 Edtild la bele, Elfled, Adelstan, 
 
 reine de Fraunce. ke fu noneyne. sun primer fiz. 
 
 Edwine, Edrith, Edmund, Edred, 
 
 le secund fiz. ky fu noneyne. le tierz fiz. le quart fiz. 
 
 Seinte Edburgh. 
 
 ADELSTAN, LE FIZ EDWARD, REGNA .XX. B .VJ. AUNZ. 
 
 Icesti Adelstan, le fiz Edward, regna apres son pere. 
 Icesti fu le plus bea[u]s home ke I'em seust, mes il vesqui 
 poi de vie, pur ceo k'il fust sovent alasse de battaile, m^s 
 il ne pout unke estre vencuz. Mes pur ceo k'il esteit de 
 bon quer e de hardi corage, il ne cessa unke de combatre 
 jeske tant k'il ust vencu le rey de Wales, e le rei de 
 Escoce, e eus conquis sur eus la seignurie, e les fist 
 rendre a lui chescun an truage, issint k'il recut chescun 
 an de Wales .xx. livres de or e .ccc. livres de argent, e 
 .XX. vaches. E tut fust-il puis en batailles, il funda muz 
 abbayes. Icesti aveit une soar, la quele Hue, le rei de 
 France, desira aver k femme, e ele out nun Edtild. E pur 
 le grant amur ke le rei de France out k lui, si enveya al 
 rei Adelstan riches presenz, ceo est a saver chevals coverz 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 71 
 
 des armes, od tut liir loreins, e precioses peres, de totes 
 maneres de partes, e I'espee I'emperur Constantin, e un 
 des treis clous Nostre Seignur, e la launce dunt Nostre 
 Seygnur fu feru, la quele Charlemeyn le grant soleit 
 porter encuntre les Saracins, e la banere seint Moriz, e de 
 la croiz Nostre Seignur, e de sa corune d'espine, e une 
 croiz richement aurn^ de precioses peres, dunt le rei 
 esteit mult joyus, e li enveya sa soer. E il regna noble- 
 ment .xx. e .vj. aunz, e est enseveli a Malmesbiri. 
 
 EDMUND, LE FRERE ADELSTAN LE KEI, REGNA .VJ. AUNZ 
 
 B DEML 
 
 Icesti Edmund regna aprfes sun frere Adelstal quant il 
 fu de age de .xvij. aunz, e tint le realme .vj. aunz e demi. 
 Icesti Edmund chaca hors de Engleterre tuz les Daneis, 
 e les Normaunz, e tuz les aliens. E puis ke totes choses 
 lui furent venu a volente, al derein fu il trai e confus. 
 Kar si cum il fust venuz k Canterburie, a la feste Seint 
 Austin, il vit la un larun k'il out exile, ke out nun Jon, e 
 le rei le assaUli egrement, e le prist forment par les 
 temples, e I'abati k terre. M^s le larun saka une espee 
 dunt il esteit priveement ceint, e feri le rei parmi le quer, 
 e nafra plusurs de sa mene. Mes k derein fu le larun 
 occis, e le rei fu enterre a Glastengebiri. 
 
72 FEUDAT. MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 EDRED, LE FEERE ADELSTAN, REGNA .IX. AUNZ E DEMI. 
 
 Edred, le fiz Edward, regna apres ses freres .ii. aunz e 
 demi. Icesti fust pruz e hardi, sicum sun. pere e ses 
 freres, e regna sul en Engleterre, e morust en bone fin, e 
 pur ceo k'il fust seint home e net, seint Dunstan oi sl sa 
 fin la noiz des angeles disanz, " Ore passe Edred e dort 
 en Nostre Seignur." II regna .ix. anz e demi, e morut, e 
 gist a Wincestre. 
 
 EDWINE, SUN PRIMER FIZ, REGNA .IIIJ. AUNZ. 
 
 Icesti Edwine, le fiz Edmund, regna apres Edred .iiij. 
 anz. Icesti esteit lecheres, e malement se contint vers 
 Deus, e vers le siecle, e vers tote gent. E quant il fu 
 mort, vint un diable k seint Dunstan, e dit, ke celi ke 
 tant le aveit pursiwi fu mort, pur ceo k'il entendi ke 
 seint Dunstan serreit lieit^ ke les diables le aveient port6 
 en enfer. Mfes seint Dunstan se mist en lermes, e pria 
 pur lui a nostre seignur Jhesu Crist jeske taunt k'il ust 
 deliver e de mains des diables, e le ust prie pardan. Tant 
 cum cesti regna fu seinte eglise mult abess^. Icesti 
 Edwin fu tres beaus, uihs il se dona tut al delit de sa 
 char, issi ke le jur de son coronement il ravi h, un grant 
 riche home sa femme pur sa beaute, e fu sa cosine. Icesti 
 pursiwi forment seint iglise, e nomement seint Dunstan. 
 E apr^s ceo k'il aveit regne .iiij, anz, morut de vile mort, 
 e est enterre a Wincestre. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 73 
 
 EDGAR, LE SECUND FIZ, KE FTJ APELE LE PEISIBLE REI, 
 REGNA .XVJ. AUNZ. 
 
 Quant cesti Edgar nasquist, oi seint Dunstan les angeles 
 chauntaunz e disaunz, " Pes en terra tant cum cesti dure 
 e regnera, e Dunstan vivera," e tut issint avint-il. II fu 
 de .xvj. auiaz quant il comenca k regner, e il fu home de 
 grant bunte e de grant valur, e cher e amiable a Deu e ^ 
 tote gent, e regna .xvj. anz e demi en bone pes, e en tote 
 manere de plente. . Nul ne fu plus dreiturel de luy, ne 
 plus red pur justice tenir, ne U ne regarda la persone de 
 null, kar il jugga le riche ausi cum le povre, solum sun 
 trespas. En sun tens ne aveit nul larun, ne nul robeur, 
 ne nul ke osast mover guerre, , ke tantost ne fust fet 
 justice. E chescun an tant cum il regna U funda abbaies 
 ou muster, ou ascune grant cbose pur Deu. E sa seintete 
 aparust aprfes sa mort ; kar aprfes .xl. anz k'il aveit jeu en 
 sun sepulcre, e dust estre remue, sun cors fu trove enter, 
 e le saunc tut frechement enciurut, dunt muz miracles 
 sunt fez. 
 
 Memes cesti Edgar, le fiz Edmund, ke fu apele le 
 peisible rei, conquist le realme aprfes sun frere, e U fust 
 home mult deboneres, e de bone. part. Icesti aveit dous 
 femmes, la una apres I'autra. E da la primare angendra- 
 n Edward, ke pus fu martir, a seint Edith. E de la 
 
74 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 secunde engendra-il Edmund e Adeldred. E puis k'il 
 aveit regne .xvj. aunz, e aveit fait plusurs musters, rendi 
 h, Deu sa alme. 
 
 Edward le Martir Seinte Edith. Edmund, 
 regna .iij. aunz. ke murust enfant. 
 
 Adeldred. 
 
 Icesti Edward regna apres Edgar sun per .iij. anz e 
 demi, en grant poer, mes encuntre la volunte Estrild sa 
 maratre, ke tuz jurs le gaita pur occir. II avint par un 
 jur ke cesti Edward fu alasse de chacer, e ses chevalers 
 forent tuz esparpiUez par les laundes. II passa par cas par 
 la mesun sa marastre, e ele li fist bel semblaunt, e le 
 recut k grant joie, e le beisa, e le dona h beivre. E tant 
 cum U bust, ele le feri parmi le cors d'un dart agu. E 
 quant le seint home se senti si grevement plai6, il se 
 turna devers sa gent h, plus tost k'U poeit. E il testa de 
 I'un pe, e par les traces de sun sane, must h, ses chevalers 
 ke le quereient les signes de sa mort. 
 
 ADELDRED, LE FIZ EDGAR LE REI, REGNA .XXXVI J. AUNZ. 
 
 Cesti Atheldred, le fiz Edgar, regna apr^s Edward sun 
 frere ke fu felonessement occis. De cesti prophetiza 
 seint Dunstan, pur ceo k'U pissa en le seint founz quant 
 il fu baptiz6. Icesti regna en pes .x. aunz, tant cum 
 seint Dunstan vesqui, e si fu-il primes mult cruel, e puis 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOE.Y. 75 
 
 fu-il mult cheitif, e led e hidus h sa fin, E aprfes la 
 mort seint Dunstan vindrent les Daneys chescun an, e 
 destnirent la terre, e greverent mult le rei. E Edrich le 
 conte de Salopesbiri le trai, kar il mustra tuz jurs son 
 cunseil a ses enemis, e celi fu malveis traitre, e ceo 
 aparut h, sa fin. Icesti Atheldred engendra de une 
 femme aliene Eadmund Ireneside. E de Emme sa femme 
 espuse, la soer le due de Normandie, engendra Alvrey, e 
 Edward, ke pus fu seint, e regna .xxx. e .vij. anz, e est 
 enseveli h, Londres k seint Pol. 
 
 Edmund, 
 ]e fiz Adeldred, ke fu apele Ireneside. 
 
 Alvrei, Edward, 
 
 ke fu trai par Godwine, cunte de Kent. le confessur, sun fiz. 
 
 Icesti Edmund, ke fu apele Yreneside pur sa pruesce e 
 pur sa force, regna apres sun pere. Sa sete ne returna 
 James arere, ne sa espee ne fu trete en vein. Icesti fu de 
 grant force, e de grant suffrance, e unkes ne fu vencuz en 
 bataile. E nul ne I'eiist vencu, ne fust la tresun Edrich 
 le cunte de Salopesbiri. Kar quant Knut le rei passa 
 par Engleterre, Edmund I'encuntra, e par sa force k la 
 primere venue esparpiUa son ost ; e kla, secunde venue e 
 par la treysun Edrich fu Edmund confus, issi ke li 
 coveneit partir son reaume al rei Knut, e par tant furent- 
 l1 acordez. E tost aprfes, par la traysun Edriht, fu Edmund 
 
76 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 occis, e est enterre a Glastingebiri. Icesti EdaiTuid en- 
 gendra un fiz Edward, ke apr^s la mort sun pere dota 
 tant la cruelte de Knut ke il fui jeske en Hungerie. E 
 la prist la soar le rei de Hungerie h, femme, e engendra de 
 lui Edgar EtheHng, e Margarete, e Edmund, e Cristine. 
 
 EDWARD, LE FIZ EDMUND, KE FU EXILE, AVEIT CES 
 ENFAUNZ. 
 
 Cestui Edward s'en fui jeske en Hungerie, pur date de 
 
 Knut, e iloc engendra ces enfaunz desouz escriz. 
 
 Edgar Etlieling. Seinte Margarete, Edmund, 
 
 reine de Escoce. sun autre fiz. 
 
 Cristine, 
 ke fu nonayne. 
 
 Iceste Margarete, ke fu fiUe Edward, ke fu fiz Ed- 
 mund Ireneside, rei d'Engleterre, ke par force de vent fu 
 encliace en Escoce, aventurosement. Malcolum le rei de 
 EsGocela esposa, e engendra de li une fille ke out k nun 
 Maud, la quele le primer rei Henri de Engleterre, par 
 graunt amur ke lungement aveit est6 entre els, prist k 
 femme, e engendra de lui une fille, ke out h nun Maud, 
 sicum la mere. Iceste Maud, -fille le rei Henri, fu es- 
 pos6 k le eraperur Henri, ceo est k saver le an de grace 
 .M.c. e .X., e puis ke I'emperur se lessa morir saunz en- 
 gendrure, la emperice returna arere h, son pere en Engle- 
 terre. E le rei Henri la maria derechef k Gefrei ke fu 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 77 
 
 apele Plante de Genet, cunte de Anjow, e celi Gefrei en- 
 gendra de lui un fiz ke fu apele Henri. Icesti Henri, 
 apres la mort Henri le primer, son ael, moveit guere en- 
 cuntre le rei Estefne, ke tint h tort le realme d'Engleterre, 
 e dura la guere .xvij. anz. E sicum Deu voleit, le an de 
 grace .M. .c. e .liij., sessa la guere, e morust le rei Estefne. 
 Icesti Henri, due de Normendie, conquist la corone de 
 Engleterre, e est apel6 le rei Henri le Secund. E dure 
 ceste lignee jeske al cercle oil jeo escriz Maud la fiUe le 
 rei d'Escoce e Seinte Margarete. 
 
 KNUT LE DANEIS, LE GKAUNT EEI, EEGNA EN ENGLETERRE 
 
 .XX. AUNZ. 
 
 Haraud Harefot, Hardeknut, 
 
 sun fiz. son autre fiz. 
 
 Le rei Knut nasquist en Danemarche, e regna par 
 force apres Edmund Ireneside. E unke devant lui, 
 puis le tens le rei Arthur, ne fust si grant rei ne de si 
 grant poer en Engletere. II esteit seignur de Danemarclie 
 e de Norwaje e d'Escoce, e de tot Engleterre aprfes 
 Edmund Ireneside. E le primer an de son coronement 
 vindrent a li tuz ceus ke par I'enticement Edrich le traytre 
 aveint occis le rei Edmund, e quiderent aver de li grant 
 guerdon. Mfes quant le rei Knut aveit entendu lur trey- 
 son, lI fist asemble[r] tut son barnage, e devant eux tuz 
 les fist morir de huntose mort. E puis surd un contegh 
 
78 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 h, Londres en un soler sur Tamise, entre le rei conte 
 
 Edricli. E le conte reproclia au rei e dist, " Jeo guerpi 
 mun seignur naturel, e estre ceo le fis occixe, pur liverer 
 a ws le reaume." E le rei ravisaunt la parole hors de sa 
 buche, si li dist, " Ws avez parM encuntre vostre teste 
 demaine, e ws morrez par dreit jugement, pur ceo ke vus 
 occis vostre seignur naturel e mun frere en lui." E 
 tantost le fist lier mains e peez, e le fist geter en Tamise 
 parmi une fenestre, e issi morut. E Knut regna .xx. anz, 
 e est enseveli h Wincestre. 
 
 Icesti Haraud, ke fu apeM Harefot, pur ceo k'U fu 
 leger de cors, fu bastard engendre del rei Knut e de la 
 fille le conte Elflem, e regna aprfes son pere .iiij. anz e 
 .iiij. mois, e morust, e est enseveli k Wincestre. 
 
 Icesti Hardeknut regna apr^s son frere Harald Hare- 
 fot, e le secund an de son regne si. fust rendu k I'ost de 
 Danais truage .xxi^. livres de argent, e .cc. e .ix. livres, e 
 derechef, od .xxij. nefs, .xi. mille e .xlviij. livres. Icesti 
 fu de si grant [largesce] k'U fist doner quatre foiz le jur a 
 tote sa curt realment h manger, e morust le secund an 
 de son regne en une boverie, e est enseveli a Wincestre. 
 
 Le an de grSjCe .M. e .xlij., Edward le fiz Adeldred le 
 rei fu apele de Normandie, oti U fu nori, e regna en 
 Engleterre, cum dreit eir. Icesti par conseil des Engleis, 
 es esperance de aver engendrure, espusa la fille Godwine, 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 79 
 
 le fort cunte de Kent, e la soer Haraud, mfes il ne la 
 toclia mie charnelement, kar ele demora pucele. Icesti 
 Edward repela ses nevous e ses neces de Hungerie, ceo 
 est El saver, Edgar Etheling, k'il ama especialment, e 
 vodreit k'il fust rei apr^s lui. Icesti Edward regna en 
 pes .xxiiij. anz e .vj. mois, e .x. jurs, e il passa hers de 
 cest siecle al regno celestre la veUle de la Tifaine. Aprfes 
 la mort cesti Edward, quant Edgar Etheling vit ke les 
 choses d'Engleterre furent en turbaciun, U entra en nef 
 od ses soers, e voleit aler en Hungerie, IS, oil il fu n6 e 
 nori. Survint une tempeste e les chaca jeske en Escoce. 
 E par ceste achesun fu Margarete, la fiUe Edward le fiz 
 Edmund Ireneside, espuse k Malcolum le rei d'Escoce. 
 De sa bone vie e de sa mort preciuse poet em saver en 
 un livre k'est escrit de lui. 
 
 SEINT EDWARD LE CONFESSTJR E VIRGINE REGNA 
 .XXIIIJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Seint Edward fu pitus e dreiturels, e puis k'il 
 aveit receu le realme, par cunsail de son barnage, fist 
 renovelir e establir e confermer les bones leis ke furent 
 endorm[i]es .Ixviij. anz, e furent celes leis apelez les leis 
 Edward, ne mie pur ceo k'il les controva primes, rahs pur 
 ceo ke eles furent losses e obliez du tens le rei Edgar, 
 son ael, ke primes les controva, e il les renovela. 
 
80 FEUDAL MANCALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Aucune gent dient ke puis ke Seint Edward vit la 
 mavaite de sa gent, e le orgoil les fiz Godwine, ceo est k 
 saver de Haraud, e de Lefwine, e lur freres, e vit ke il ne 
 poet pas aver sun purpos de Edgar avant sa mort, si 
 purvist ke Willam bastard, son cosin, ke fort fust, e bon 
 guereur, ust le realme apres ses j urs. 
 
 HARAUD, LE FIZ GODWIN CUNTE DE KENT, REGNA .J. AN. 
 
 Icest Haraud, le fiz Godwine, cunte de Kent, e frere la 
 reine, par sa force, e par aide de son lignage, apres la 
 mort seint Edward le Comfessur, se fist coroner rei a 
 Westmuster. E puis k'il aveit regn^ un an, par la 
 vengeance de Deu, si fu occis en bataUle, de Willam le 
 due de Normandie. E Ih, est fimd^, pur les almes ke la 
 furent occis, la mesun de la BataiUe, e Haraud enseveli k 
 Waltbam, e regna un an, ou .ix. mois solum les uns. 
 
 Roland, le primer due de Normandie. 
 
 WiUam le Lungespee son fiz. 
 
 Richard sanz Pour, le fiz Willam le Lungespee. 
 
 Richard le sectmd, Robert, Mauger, Willam, 
 
 son fiz. esveske de son tierz cunte de 
 
 Eoem, fiz. Anjowe, 
 
 son fiz. le .iiij. fiz. 
 
 Emme, Hawise, Maud, 
 
 sa fille. sa autre fille. la tierce fille. 
 
 [Richard.] 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 81 
 
 Eichard Eobert. Willam Alice, Willam, Mauger, 
 
 le tierce. le moine. lafemme cunte de erceveske 
 
 le cunte Gailon. de Kuem. 
 de Flandres. 
 
 Eobert, Johan, Alvrei, 
 
 cunte de Anjowe. eveske de Lisies. ke fu trai par Godwin. 
 
 Edward le Confessor. Alain. Gwy. 
 
 Maud, la tierce fille. 
 
 WILLAM LE BASTARD, CONQUERUE d'eNGLETERKE, REGNA 
 
 .XIJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti WiUam, k'est dit le Bastard, conquerur d'Engle- 
 
 terre de celui ke ^ tort le tint, conquist le realme par 
 
 force de bataUle, e puis k'il aveit ■regn.6 .xij. anz, le 
 
 .lix. an de sun age, le an de I'incarnaciun Nostre Seignur 
 
 .M. Ivij. se lessa morir, II fu corone de I'ercesveske de 
 
 Everwike, le jur de Noel. 
 
 Eobert Curtehuse, Willam le Eus, Eichard, 
 son primer fiz. le secund fiz. quemorut enfaunt. 
 
 Henri le clerk, Elle, Cecille, 
 
 le quart fiz. duohesse abbessedeCham,safiUe. 
 
 de Bleis, 
 sa fille. 
 
 Custaunce, La quarte, 
 
 cuntasse de Bretaine. ke fu promis a Charles, morust pucele. 
 
 WILLAM LE RUS, REGNA .XIIJ. ANZ APRBS SON PERE. 
 
 En le an de grace .M. e .Ixxxvj., Willam le Eus regna 
 apres son pere. E sicum il ala chacer un jor en la novels 
 foreste, U fut espi6 de Water Tirel, si fu feru de une sete, 
 
 M 
 
82 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 e morust. Icest fesoit tuz jurs quanke il poait de mal. II 
 esteit as estranges malveis, e h, les soens pire, e ^ li 
 meimes unkore pire. Tute la chose ke pleseit a Deu e k 
 eels ke Deu ameient, tote icele displeseit al rei e as eels 
 ke le rei ameient. II est enterre k Wincestre, h, ke 
 enterrement tant i out de joye, ke k peine aveit-il point 
 de lerme. Kar en le tens cesti rei Will am seitit Anselm 
 fu despoiUe de tuz ses biens, e fu exile jeske k la fin de 
 la vie cesti rei. E seint Wlstan, ke fu esveske de Wire- 
 cestre, e home de seinte vie, trespassa de cest secle 
 gloriusement k Deu. 
 
 MAUD, LA FILLE LA KEINE d'eSCOCE, E LA FEMME 
 HENRI LE CLERK. 
 
 HENRI LE CLERC REGNA .XXV. ANZ E DEMI. 
 
 Icesti Henri fu eslu de estre rei. Icesti esposa Maud, 
 
 la fiUe al rei d'Escoce e la reine seinte Margarete, de la 
 
 quele il engendra une fille ke fu apel^ Maud apres sa 
 
 mere. Icesti, sicum il fu corone le jur de I'assumptiun 
 
 Nostre Dame, en le an de grace .M. e .c, il graunta 
 
 devant Deu e devaunt le pople e tuz les lettrez du realme, k 
 
 tenir la pes de la en sa honurance, e ahaunce- 
 
 ment de seinte iglise e de sa chartre le conferma. 
 
 Willam, Maud, 
 
 ke perist eiifaunt, omperioe de Rome c cuntesse 
 
 eu lamer. de Anjow. 
 
FEQDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 83 
 
 ESTEPKE, LE FIZ AL CUNT DE BLEIS E ELLE LA SOER 
 HENRI LB PRIMER, RBGNA .XIX. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Estefne, ke fu fiz Elle, la duchesse de Bleis, 
 prist a tort encuntre sun leal serment la corone, e regna. 
 E tuit le tens de sa vie la retint en guere e en travail. 
 Adecertes la guere fust mult cruel par .xvij. anz. E si 
 fina le an de rincarnaciun nostre seignur .M.c.liiij., pur 
 ceo ke meimes eel an, ceo est h saver le .viij. Kalende de 
 Novembre, le rei Estefne, noble chevaler e debonere, 
 morut, e si fu enterre noblement h grant honiix en la 
 eglise k'il fist fere k Feveresham. 
 
 HENRI LE SECUND, FIZ l'eMPERICE E GEFRAY CUNTE 
 DE ANJOWE, REGNA .XXXVJ. ANZ. 
 
 Icesti Henri due de Normandie, puis k'U oi noveles 
 par eerteins messagers de la mort Estefne, si vint en 
 Engleterre, e fu receu curteisement de la cleregie k grant 
 honur, e h grant assemble du people fu corone cum rei de 
 I'ereeveske Tebaud de Canterbirie, ceo est a saver par un 
 dimaine le .xxiiij. Kalende de Junet, a Westmuster, e 
 il prist maintenaunt en propres dreitures les citez, e les 
 ehastels, e totes les choses ke apurteneient h, la corone. 
 E mist hors du realme tuz les aliens, e en eel an Thomas 
 I'ereeveske de Canterbiri fu fet cbaneeler le rei, e puis fu 
 martirize. 
 
84 
 
 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Memes cesti Henri le Secund fu fiz Maud, ke fa fille 
 al primer rei Henri e h Maud la fille al rei d'Escoce, e k 
 Seinte Margarete, ke fu fille Edward le fiz Edmund 
 Ireneside, ke fu fiz al rei Etheldred, le fiz Edgar le 
 peisible rei, en tel manere muntant jeske al primer hom. 
 E puis ke cesti Henri out regn6 .xxxv. anz e .vij. mois, e 
 .V. jors, il morut en le an de grace .M.c. e .Ixxxix. as 
 utantes de seint Pere e seint Pol, e fu enterre a Funte 
 Everaud, e en son tens fu seint Thomas de Canterbiri 
 martirize. 
 
 HENRI LE SECUND, FIZ L EMPERIOE E GEFRAY CUNTE 
 DE ANJOWE, EEGNA .XXXV J. ANZ. 
 
 WUlam, Henri, Richard, Maud, Gefray, 
 
 ke morut ke fu dit le ke fu rei si duchesse de cunte de 
 
 enfant. jofne rei. pruz. Sessoine, e mere Bretaine. 
 
 Ottun. 
 
 Alienore, Johane, 
 
 reine de ounte^se de 
 Castele. Tuluse. 
 
 [Maud.] 
 
 Henri, Ottun, Arthur 
 
 due de Sessoine. I'emperur. de Bretaine. 
 
 [Alienore.] 
 
 Dame Blanche, 
 reine de France. 
 
 Jon, 
 
 ke puis fu 
 rei. 
 [Gefray.] 
 
 Alienore 
 la Brette. 
 [Johane. J 
 
 Reimund le grant, 
 cunte de Tuluse. 
 
 RICHARD QUER-DE-LIUN, REGNA .X. ANZ. 
 
 Apr^s la mort le rei Henri le secund, fu Richard 
 son fiz corone a grant honur, le tierz None de Septembre, 
 le an de grace .M. .c. .xci., e puis aprfes le rei Phelipe de 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 85 
 
 France e le rei Richard e. ..pristreut le veage vers la terre 
 seinte. M^s le rei de France ala devant, e puis le rei 
 
 Richard ala par mer aveit oveke li .xiij. granz nefs 
 
 ke I'em apele busses, e furent estendu de trebble veil, e 
 .c. nefs cbargez, e .1. galeyes. E puis le tressime jur 
 ariva k Cipre. E Coraud, le seignur de Cipre, vint cuntre 
 lui ; e li defendi le port, dunt le rei se coruca, e se media 
 od lui, e le venqui, e le fit lier, e prist les tresors, e puis 
 siwi le rei de France h, grant glorie. E une nef ke Tern 
 apele dromund, plein de Sarazins, li surdi encoste en la 
 mer, la quele U prist, e fist neer les Sarazins .M. .ccc, e 
 .cc. fist-il garder tuz vifs, e si prist-il Damiette, e autres 
 chastels vers Babiloine, e .vij. .M. chameus chargez de 
 graunz richesces, k'il departi largement a trestut son ost. 
 E puis k'il out tut ceo conqiiis, il retuma vers Engle- 
 terre, e passa par Ostrice ; e il fu aparceu del due de 
 Ostrice, e returna, par la treson des Franceis, la quele 
 puis fu esprov^. Kar le rei Phelipe, ke aveit tuz jurs 
 envie as ses nobles fez, si mist tutdis la terre de Nor- 
 mandie en tribulatiun, e occupa k lui les chastels, jeske 
 tant ke le rei Richard returna en Normandie, apres la 
 raunsom fete. 
 
 Icesti Richard regna apres son pere, e jura h son 
 coronement k'il portereit pes e honur e reverence tuz les 
 jurs de sa vie h, Deu e h, seinte eglise, e h, ses ordineires. 
 
86 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 e ceo fist-il, e apres le veage de.utre mere, sicum il veneit 
 en Aquitaigne, e adresceit son chemin vers Engleterre, il 
 assegea k tut son ost le chastel de Thavis, ke le rei de 
 France aveit occupe, oil il fu feru de un dart envenim^. 
 Alias ! il morust al .vij. Kalende de Averil, en le an de 
 grace .M. .c e .xcix., e fu enterre a Founte Everaud 
 as piez son pere. 
 
 LE EEI JON KEGNA .XVIIJ. ANZ E .V. MOIS. 
 
 Icesti Johan, le derein de ses freres, aprfes la mort al 
 vaillant rei Richard, regna. Icesti fist treis maneres de 
 sermenz, ceo est h, saver k'il amereit e honureit Deu e 
 seint eglise e ses ordineires, e k'il ostereit les mauveises 
 leis, e les bones establiereit, e droit justice haucereit. 
 Entre tuz reis mortels il fu le plus franc, e par son ein 
 degre se fist serf, e mist le realme de Engleterre k truage. 
 E apres plusurs tribulaciuns e pertes de ses terres utre 
 mer, e puis k'il aveit regn^ .xviij. anz e .v. mois, morut, 
 e comanda sa alme k Deu e k seint Wlstan, e est en- 
 terre a Wincestre. 
 
 Henri, Richard, Isabele, 
 
 son primer fiz. rei de Alamaine. emperice. 
 
 Alienore, Johane, 
 
 cnntesse de Penbroke. reine de Esooce. 
 
 [Eichard.] 
 Henri de Alemaine. Edmund de Alemaine. 
 
 [Alienore. j 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 87 
 
 Henri de Simon de Ameri de Guy de 
 
 Muntfort. Muntfort. Muntfort. Muntfort. 
 
 Richard de Alienore de 
 
 Muntfort. Muntfort. 
 
 Alienore, contesse de Penbrok, mere Henri de Munt- 
 fort e ses freres, fu primerement marid k Willam le 
 Mareschal le jofne, e apres k Simon de Muntfort, e en- 
 gendra de li ses .vi. enfanz. 
 
 HENRI LE TIERZ, LE PEISIBLE REI, E TRES BON OHRISTIEN, 
 REGNA .LVJ. ANZ E .IX. JURS. 
 
 Henri tierz regna apres Johan son per. Icesti Henri 
 
 est dist le tierz pur ceo k'il est en title, e en cronicle, 
 
 e en escriz, e en chartres, ne mie par la reson del noun, mfes 
 
 pur la resun del real seignurie e dignite. Kar si le 
 
 premer rei Henri seit cunt^, e puis Henri le fiz k I'emperice, 
 
 e apres le fiz a celi Henri ke fu dit le jqfiie_rei, icesti 
 
 serrait le quart. Mes pur ceo ke celi Henri ne regna mie, 
 
 mais morust avant son pere, pur ceo...ke regnerent, icesti 
 
 Henri est dit le tierz. E icesti Henri, dedenz le dime an 
 
 de son age, le jor seint Simon e seint Jude, fu corone k 
 
 grant joye. E il jura k'il portereit honur e reverence S, 
 
 Deu, e h, seinte eglise, e k ses ordineres, e si fist-il noble- 
 
 ment. E il morut en le an de grace .M.cc.lxxij., e est 
 
 enterre devaunt le haut auter de Westmuster. 
 
 Edward. Margarete, Edmund. Katerine, 
 
 reine de Escoce. morut enfaunt. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 No. IV. 
 
 ri.Vd.fl]vicus rex Francorum profectus est ad Jerusalem. 
 
 M°cxlviij. Episcopus Lincolniensis Robertus fundavit 
 domum de Mirival. 
 
 M°cxlix. Robertus de Cayneto fit episcopus Lincolni- 
 ensis. -^stivse pluvise necaverunt messes. 
 
 M°cl. Magni rubores in coelo visi sunt. 
 
 M"cli. Conventus Christian orum ad Hyspalim expug- 
 nandum. 
 
 M°clij. Abbatia de Tileteya fundatur. 
 
 M°cliij. Obiit Eugenius papa. Successit Anastasius. 
 
 M°cliiij. Obiit Stephanus rex. 
 
 M°clv. Henricus rex, filius Matildse imperatricis, coro- 
 natus est. 
 
 M"clvj. Alienora regina peperit Henricum filium suum 
 .ij. Kl' Martii feria secunda, et eadem peperit MatHdam. 
 
 M°clvij . Alienora regina peperit Ricardum filium suum, 
 et in anno sequenti peperit Galfridum postea comitem 
 Britonum. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 89 
 
 M°clix. Obiit Adrianus papa, successit Alexander ter- 
 tius. 
 
 M°clxj. Obiit Theobaldus archiepiscopus Cantuariensis. 
 Dissentio inter ipsum et regem, sed mox pacificati sunt. 
 
 M°clxij. Sanctus Thomas consecratur archiepiscopus 
 Cantuariensis. 
 
 M°clxv. Alienora regina peperit Johannam, et istam 
 nupsit rex Cipri, et postea Remundus comes de Sancto 
 Egidio. Sanctus Thomas exulatur. 
 
 M°clxvj. Alienora regina peperit Johannem. 
 
 M°clxvij. Obiit Robertus Lincolniensis episcopus. Al- 
 maricus rex Jerusalem cepit BabUoniam. 
 
 M°clxix. Henricus tertius factus est rex patre vivente. 
 
 M°clxx. Invasio Hibernise a comite Ricardo, 
 
 M°clxxj. Sanctus Thomas passus est martyrium, et 
 Hybernia capta est. 
 
 M"clxxij. Abbatia de Stanlawe fundatur. 
 
 M^clxxiij. Discordia orta est inter patrem et filium 
 reges. 
 
 M°clxxiiij. Willelmus rex Scotiee captus est apud 
 Alnewike. 
 
 M"clxxv. Concilium Londoniee .xiij. Kl' JuHi. 
 
 M°clxxvj. Bertram de Verdun fundavit abbatiam de 
 Crokesdene. 
 
 M°clxxvij. Ventus validus fuit Kl' Decembris, 
 
 N 
 
90 FEUDAI. MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 M"clxxviij. Eclipsis solis in exaltatione sanctse crucis. 
 
 M''clxxix. Peregrinatio regis Francise ad Sanctum Tho- 
 mam Cantuarise. 
 
 M°clxxx. Translatio Sanctse Frideswidae Oxoniae. Obiit 
 Lodovicus rex Gallise. Obiit Rogerus episcopus Ebor. 
 
 M"clxxxj. Aptid Witenham in Somersethe fundatur 
 coenobium Cartusianorum. 
 
 M"clxxxiij. Obiit Henricus rex tertius. 
 
 M"clxxxvi. Sanctus Hugo fit episcopus Lincolniensis. 
 
 M''clxxxviij. Eeges Anglise et Francis crucem sump- 
 serunt. 
 
 M''clxxxix. Obiit Henricus filius Matildee imperatricis, 
 et Henricus filius ejus magnanimus fait, et regnum AnglioB 
 et ducatum Normannise aliquanto tempore cum patre suo 
 tenuit, et duxit filiam regis Francorum, tamen fuit ad- 
 versarius patris sui, et ante patrem mortuus est. 
 
 Ricardus rex coronatus est. Hie fuit bellicosus et 
 fortunatus in ad\^ersis. Regnum Angliae et omnes terras 
 trans mare tenuit in vita sua, sed armorum exercitio 
 quantus fuerit si scire volueris, legas chronica magistri 
 Hugonis de Hovedenne. Isto anno obierunt in obsidione 
 Accon Theobaldus Cantuariensis archiepiscopus et Williel- 
 mus comes de Ferr' et Fredericus Romanorum imperator. 
 Ob iter versus Jerusalem obiit Conradus filius ejus, et totius 
 orbis ducum et principum, archiepiscoporum et episcopo- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 91 
 
 rum, comitum, baronum, cleri et populi, infinita multitude 
 isto anno ibidem obiit. 
 
 M^cxc. Reges Anglise et Franciae profecti sunt in 
 terram sanctam. 
 
 M^cxcj. Civitas Aeon capta est. Hugo de Nonaunt 
 expulit monachos de Coventre, et posuit ibi canonicos 
 seculares. 
 
 M°cxcij. Ricardus rex capitur a duce Austrise. 
 
 M°cxciij. Bicardus rex fecit finem pro redemptione 
 sua, scilicet imperatori c. mUle marcas, imperatrici .xxx. 
 mille marcas, et duci Austrise .xx. mille marcas, pro 
 obligatione quam fecerat eis pro Henrico duce Saxonise. 
 Cum Pbilippus rex Francorum audisset quod rex fecerat 
 finem, statim mandavit Jobanni comiti de Mortimer quod 
 ipse caveret, quia diabolus jam solutus est. 
 
 M°cxciiij. Ricardus rex liberatus est a captione .ij. 
 
 Nonas Februarii, .vi. die , qui dies malus est, et in die 
 
 malo liberavit eum Dominus. 
 
 Fuit autem in captione imperatoris uno anno et .vj. 
 mensibus et .iij. diebus, castellum de Lancastre, et 
 Malbergum, et Mons Sancti Michaelis in Cornubia, redditi 
 fuerunt ante adventum regis, sed Notingbam et TykehO. 
 viriliter restiterunt. Audito autem adventu regis in 
 Angliam redditur Tykebil. lUi autem de Notingbam 
 usque ad adventum regis restiterunt, et post per aliquot 
 
92 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 dies, post xxvij. die Martis, redditum est. 
 
 M°cxcv. Ricardus rex reddidit Johanni fratri sue 
 comitatum de Mortimer et honorem de Eya, et comitatum 
 Gloucestrise, exceptis castellis, et pro omnibus aliis terris 
 suis dedit ei rex de gratia sua per annum viij. mille 
 libros Andegavise monetae. 
 
 M''cxcvj. Comes de Sancto Egidio duxit Joiiannam, 
 sororem regis, in uxorem. 
 
 M'cxcvij. Johanna comitissa peperit Reymundum. 
 
 M^cxcviij. Restituti sunt monachi Covintrise. Otho 
 frater Henrici ducis Saxonise, ad instantiam Ricardi regis, 
 eligitur in regem Alemanniee. 
 
 Defuncto imperatore, arcliiepiscopi, episoopi, abbates, 
 duces, comites, et barones, et omnes magnates Alemanniae, 
 in unum convenientes debent eligere .xij. viros com- 
 muniter, et eos prsesentare Colour' et Magunt' arcbi- 
 episcopis, et duci de Saxoniee, et comiti palatino de Reno, 
 et quemounque illi quatuor eligerint de dictis .xij. erit 
 rex Alemanniae, et coronabitur apud Lesiam, ubi Karolus 
 magnus requiescit. 
 
 M°cxcix. Decimus annus et ultimus Ricardi regis, in 
 obsidione ejus castelli de Yaliz, quod Widomarus vice- 
 comes de Lungges per homines suos tenuit, a quodam 
 qui fuit in castello nomine Bertramo de Gurdun sagitta 
 lethaliter vulneratus est. Cum vero de vita desperaret. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 93 
 
 dimisit Johanni fratri suo regimen Anglise at omnes alias 
 terras suas, at fecit ei fidelitates ab hiis qui aderant, et 
 praecepit quod traderentur ei castella sua, et Othoni 
 nepoti suo quartam partem thesauri sui et omnia jocalia 
 sua, et quartam partem thesauri sui prsecepit servientibus 
 suis et pauperibus pro anima sua erogari. Deinde vocato 
 coram rege prsedicto Bertramo, dixit ai rex, " Quid tibi 
 malefeci, quare me occidisti ?" Cui Ule quasi intrepidus 
 respondit, " Tu interemisti patrem meum et duos fratres 
 meos manu tua, et nunc me interimere voluisti ; sume 
 ergo de me vindictam qualemcunque excogitaveris, quia 
 non est mihi curse, dummodo interficiaris, qui tot mala 
 intulisti mundo." Tunc praecepit rex eum dimitti liber um, 
 et dare ei .c. solidos sterling., dicens, "Remitto tibi 
 mortem meam." Sed Marchadeus rutbarius nesciente 
 rege apprehendit eum, et post obitum regis axcoriatum 
 suspendit. 
 
 Obiit autem Ricardus rex .viij. Idus Aprilis, feria 
 quarta ante dominicam in ramis palmarum, .xj. die post- 
 quam vulneratus est, et sepelitur ad Fontem Ebraudi ad 
 pedes patris sui. De ejus morte quidam ait, — 
 
 Istius in morte perimit formica leonem, 
 v^ Proth dolor ! in tanto funere mundus obit. 
 
 Defuncto Ricardo rege Johannes comes Mortonise, frater 
 
94 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 ejus, dominica proxima seqiienti, in octabis Pasclise, scilicet, 
 .vij. Kl' Maii, in festo sancti Marci, apud Rotomagum 
 accinctus est gladio ducatus Normannise in matrici ecclesia 
 per manus Rotomagensis archiepiscopi. Archiepiscopus 
 vero posuit in capite ducis cii'culum aureum, habentem in 
 summitate per circuitum rosas aureas, et ipse coram clero 
 et populo juravit super reliquias sanctorum et sacrosancta 
 ewangelia, quod ipse ecclesiee dignitates bona fide et sine 
 malo ingenio servaret Ulsesas, et rectam justitiam exerceret, 
 et leges iniquas destrueret. Interim principes Andegaven- 
 ses, Cenomanenses, et Thuronenses adhseserunt Arthuro 
 comiti Britonum, tanquam domino suo ligio et hseredi. 
 Deinde Johannes dux Normannise in vigil. Ascensionis 
 venit Londonise, et congregatur ibidem Hubert© Can- 
 tuariensi archiepiscopo et omnibus magnatibus Anglise. 
 Dictus archiepiscopus consecravit et coronavit prsefatum 
 Jobannem in regem Anglise in ecclesia sancti Petri West- 
 monasterii die Ascensionis Domini, .vj. Kl' Junii feria 
 quinta. Innocentius papa tertius et Romani elegerunt 
 sibi imperatorem Othonum regem Alemannise. 
 
 Johannes rex statuit quod nullum tunellum vini Picta- 
 vensis vendatur carius quam pro .xx. s. e dohum vini 
 Andegavensis pro .xxiiij. s., vel pro duobus marcis ad plus. 
 Prseterea statuit quod nullum sextertium vini Pictaven- 
 sis vendatur carius quam pro .iiij. d., et vini albi pro .vj. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 95 
 
 d. Sed hsec assisa parvo tempore duravit, quia mercatores 
 hanc assisam sustmere non potuerunt, et data est licencia 
 vendendi sextertium de vino rubeo pro .vj. d. et de vino 
 albo pro .viij. denariis, et sic repleta est terra potu et 
 potatoribus. 
 
 Anno M''cc. Colloquio habito inter reges Francise et 
 Anglise in Octabis sancti Johannis Baptistse, rex Francise 
 reddidit Johanni regi Anglise civitatem Ebroycum et 
 totum comitatum, et omnia quae occupaverat super regem 
 Ricardum per werram et super ipsum, et Johannes statim 
 devenit homo regis Franciae, et incontinenti dedit omnia 
 Lodovico filio preedicti regis in maritagio cum Blanchia 
 filia regis Castellse, nepte sua, et in crastino desponsavit 
 eam dictus Lodovicus et duxit secum in GaUiam. 
 
 Arthurus in prsesentia regis Franciae devenit homo 
 regis Johannis de Britonum et aliis terris suis, de con- 
 sensu et voluntate regis Francise, sed de traditione regis 
 Johannis remansit in custodia regis Francise. 
 
 Eodem anno factum est divorcium inter Johannem 
 regem et Hawisiam filiam WiJlelmi comitis de Glovernia, 
 eo quod fuerunt affines in tertio gradu consanguinitatis. 
 Rex Johannes de consiho regis Francise duxit in uxorem 
 Ysabellam Dilmari comitissam de Engohsmo, quam Hugo 
 le Brun, comes de Marchia, cepit prius per verba de pree- 
 
96 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 senti et ipsa eum, sed quia annos nondum attigerat 
 nubUes, noluit earn Hugo in facie ecclesiee sibi copulare. 
 
 Mense Novembris, xvj. Kl' Decembris, obiit sanctus 
 Hugo Lincolniensis episcopus, et .viij. Kl' Decembris corpus 
 ejus in nova ecclesia tumulatum est. Eodem anno facta 
 est pax et finalis concordia inter Philippum regem Franciae 
 -et Johannem regem Anglise. 
 
 Henricus filius regis Johannis natus est. Stephanus de 
 Langetona fit archiepiscopus Cantuariensis. 
 
 M"ccviij. Interdictum generale in Anglia. Galfridus 
 episcopus Covintrensis obiit. 
 
 Johannes rex subjugavit Hyberniam. Exulantur archi- 
 episcopi et episcopi Angliee. 
 
 M"ccxiiij. Solutio interdicti. Eo tempore congressus 
 fuit Francorum et Flandrensium. Comes Flandrise, nomine 
 Ferranter, comes Bolonise, et comes Salesbirise, W. Longus- 
 ensis, capti sunt. 
 
 M''ccxv. Incepit werra inter regem Johannem et 
 barones. 
 
 Concilium Lateranense celebratiim est Romse. W. de 
 Cornubia, episcopus de Covintre, mortuus est. 
 
 M"ccxvj. Lodowycus, filius regis Francise, venit Lon- 
 doniae. Obiit Johannes rex, et Henricus quartus, filius 
 ejus, puer .ix. annorum, jussu legati Walonis, coronatus 
 est et unctus est in regem. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 97 
 
 Congressus Francorum et baronum cum regalibus apud 
 Lincolniam sabbato in bebdomade Pentecostes, ubi devicti 
 Franci, et comes Perticise occisus est, et comites et barones 
 a regalibus capti sunt. 
 
 M"ccxvij. Exercitus veniens Lodowico in auxilium, 
 captus est a regalibus in mari, unde Lodowicus pacem 
 qusesivit, et cum suis recessit, relicta Anglia circa festum 
 sancti Michaelis. 
 
 M"ccxviij. Panulphus comes Cestrise et W. comes de 
 Ferrariis profecti sunt in terram sanctam peregre. 
 
 M°ccxix. Translatio sancti Thomse arcHepiscopi Can- 
 tuariensis. 
 
 M°ccxxiij. Obiit Willelmus de Cornhille, Covintri- 
 ensis episcopus. 
 
 M"ccxxiiij. Castrum de Bedeforde captum est a rege 
 Henrico. Alexander Covintriensis episcopus consecratus 
 est. 
 
 M°cc''xxix. Dedit Henricus rex quartus Huberto de 
 Burgo justiciariam, et tertium denarium Cantuarise, et 
 fecit eum comitem Canciae. Obiit Stepbanus Cantuari- 
 ensis archiepiscopus .vij. Idus Julii, apud Silvedone. 
 
 M"ccxxx. Transfretatio regis Henrici in Britanniam. 
 
 M°ccxxxj. Henricus rex rediit de Britannia. 
 
 M"ccxxxij. Banulphus nobUis comes Cestrise obiit, et 
 Hubertus de Burgo incarceratus est. 
 
98 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 M''ccxxxiij. Turbatio inter regem Anglise et suos, quia 
 magis adhsesit extraneis quam suis. 
 
 M"ccxxxiiij. Sanctus Edmundus consecratur in archi- 
 episcopum Cantuarise. Ricardus Marescallus in Hybemia 
 occiditur. Isabella, sorer regis Henrici, mittitur Frede- 
 rico imperatori in uxorem. 
 
 M°ccxxxv. Accepit rex Henricus Alienoram in uxorem, 
 xix. Kl' Februarii. 
 
 M"ccxxxvj. Applicuit Octo legatus in Angliam. 
 
 M"ccxxxvij. Obiit Johannes Scottvis, comes Cestriae. 
 
 M^ccxxxviij. Obiit Alexander episcopus Covintri- 
 ensis. 
 
 Anno Domini M"ccxxxix. Natus est Edwardus filius 
 Henrici regis Angliae, xiiij. Kl' Julii. Eodem anno obiit 
 sanctus Edmundus Cantuariensis archiepiscopus, apud 
 Soyersi. 
 
 M''ccxli. Recessit Octus legatus ab Anglia. 
 
 M"ccxlij. Prima transfretatio regis Henrici in Gasco- 
 niam. 
 
 M^ccxliij. Obiit Henricus comes de Harundel. 
 
 M"ccxliiij. Bonefacius fit arcliiepiscopus Cantuariee 
 apud Lugdunum. 
 
 M°ccxlv. Innocentius papa quartus celebravit concilium 
 apud Lugdunum, in quo dampnavit et deposuit Fredericum 
 Romanorum imperatorem. Rogerns de Westham, decanus 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 99 
 
 Lincolnise, fit episcopus Coventrensis per dominum papum 
 in concilio Lugdunensi. 
 
 M°ccxlvj. Capitur .xx." ad opus papse Innocentis .iiij." 
 
 M°ccxlvij. Obiit Willelmus de Ferrariis, nobilis comes 
 Derbise, x° Kl' Octobris. Obiit Agnes, uxor ejus, iiij. Nonis 
 Decembris. Eodem anno translatio sancti Eadmundi Can- 
 tuariensis archiepiscopi. 
 
 M"ccxlvuj. Mutata est moneta Anglise. 
 
 M"ccxlix. Lodovicus rex Francise cepit Damietam. 
 
 M°ccl. Idem rex Francise captus est a paganis, et obiit 
 Fredericus Romanorum imperator. 
 
 M''cclj. Die natali Domini apud Eboracum Alexander 
 rex Scotise, puer .xi. annorum, desponsavit Margaretam, 
 filiam regis Henrici, filii regis Johannis. 
 
 M°cclij. Annus notabilis, qviia maxim us calor et siccitas 
 hoc anno erat. 
 
 M'ccliij. Annus notabilis, eo quod maximum diluvium 
 erat in Hoylandia et Holdernessia, die Veneris, iti crastino 
 Sancti Dionysii. Eodem anno transfretavit dominus rex 
 secundo in Gasconiam propter werram Gasconise. Eodem 
 anno obiit Coradus filius Frederici imperatoris, et Robertus 
 Lincolniensis episcopus. 
 
 n'ocliiij. Transfretavit domina regina, et Edwardus 
 filius ejus, ad contrabendum matrimonium cum sorore regis 
 Hispaniarum, et Johannes de Warenna et Edmundus de 
 
100 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HIStORY. 
 
 Lascye, ut fierent milites ibidem, et rem. custodes Angliae 
 Hicardus comes Glovernise, et W. le Gray alter Ebora- 
 censis archiepiscopus. 
 
 Mcclv. 
 
 Mcclvj. CC papa dedit regi Henrico xv""* temporalem 
 et sprritualem ad perquirendum regnum Apulise et Sicilise 
 ad opus Edmundi filii sui. 
 
 M"cclvij. 
 
 M"cclviij. Post Pentecostem factse sunt provisiones 
 apud Oxoniam. Fames magna multos stravit, et H. Bigoht 
 fit justiciarius Anglise. 
 
 M"cclix. Henricus de Wengbam fit episcopus Londoni- 
 ensis. 
 
 Mcclx. 
 
 Mcclxj. Petiit Henricus rex absolutionem a domino 
 papa de juramento prsestito apud Oxoniam, et optinuit. 
 
 Mcclxij. Sanctus Ricardus canonizatur, cujus festum 
 celebratur .iiij. Nonis Aprilis. Eodem anno obiit Ricardus 
 comes Glovernise. Eodem anno 
 
 M"cclxiij. 
 
 M"cclxiiij. Cepit rex Norbamtoniam. Eodem anno 
 comissum est beUum de Lewes ij. Idus Maij, et rex 
 Henricus et fibus ejus Edwardus capti sunt. vi. Idus 
 Augusti combustio de Humberstannis. 
 
 M"cclxv. qui est annus 1. Henrici regis, facta est dis- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 101 
 
 cumfitura Nonis August! apud Evesham. Octobonus venit 
 in Angliam. 
 
 M°ccLxvj. Henricus rex post natalem obsedit castellum 
 de Kenilewrd, et cepit illud. 
 
 M°cclxvii. Rex Henricus impetravit decimam omnium 
 provinciarum et possessionum ecclesiasticorum. Fecit 
 rex statuta Malbergensia. 
 
 M°cclxviij. Octobonus celebravit concilium London ise. 
 
 M^cclxix. 
 
 M°cclxx. Dominus Edwardus, filius Regis Henrici, 
 transfretavit versus Aeon, ut primus ex veto voverat. 
 
 M°cclxxj. 
 
 M°cclxxij. Dominus Edwardus, filius regis Henrici, in 
 civitate Aeon a quodam Asselmo cum cultello toxicato 
 sauciatus fuit. 
 
 M''cclxxiij. Obiit rex Anglise Henricus tertius, post 
 Ivj. annos et dies xx. a coronatione sua, anno autem setatis 
 suae .Ixv. , xvj . Kl' Decembris. Willelmus de Lincolnia, abbas 
 iij. decimus, obiit die Sancti Ambrosii, qui in bonis operibus 
 non mediocriter claruit, cui successit Walteriis de Hotoft. 
 
 M°cclxxiiij''. Sub Gregorio papa x°, fuit magnum con- 
 cilium celebratum apud Lugdunum, et duravit a Kl' Maij 
 usque ad xvj. Kl' Augusti. Eodem anno dominus Edwardus 
 unctus est in regem a fratre Roberto Cantuariensi archi- 
 episcopo. 
 
102 FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 M-cclxxv. 
 
 M°cclxxvj. Translatus est sanctus Ricardus episcopus 
 Eccestriensis, in vigil. Sancti Botulphi abbatis. Eodem 
 anno, fecit rex statuta Westmonasterii. 
 
 M°cclxxvij. Post Pascham adivit dominus rex Edwardus 
 Walliam, a quo Lewelinus, princeps Walliae, eodem anno 
 rtiisericordiam et pacem impetravit, sed non tenuit. 
 
 M^cclxxviij. Tertio Non. Septembris, obiit Robertas 
 Martel. 
 
 M°cclxxix. Mutata est moneta in melius, scilicet ut 
 tarn oboli quam quadrantes sint rotundi. Obiit Ricardus 
 Lincolniensis episcopus, xv° KV Jan., et sepultus die sancti 
 Thomse apostoli. Cui succedit Oliverius de Suttone. Ma- 
 gister R. de Seytona suscepit habitum nostrum die 
 Sancti Nicbolai. 
 
 M''cclxxx°. fecit rex statutum contra religiosos ne 
 ampKus emerent terras, possessiones, vel redditus. 
 
 M^cclxxxj. Translatio sancti Hvigonis B... episcopi die 
 sanctee Fidis virginis. Eodem anno obiit Baldwinus 
 Wakez ij. Nonis Februarii. 
 
 M°cclxxxij. Lewelinus, princeps Wallise, et Davit frater 
 ejus, cum omnibus Wallensibus, acriter contra regem re- 
 bellaverunt, circa festum Palmarum. Eodem anno decol- 
 latur Lewelinus, ante festum sancti Thomse apostoli. 
 
 M'cclxxxiij". Captus est David, et incarceratus, et post 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 103 
 
 festum sancti Michaelis, judicio totius Anglise, tractus, 
 suspensus, decapitatus, interiora ejus combusta, caput 
 Londoniae, et per .iiij."' partes Anglise corpus ejus di visum 
 est. Obiit Robertus de Insula, episcopus Dunolmensis, vij. 
 Idus Junii, cui successit Antonius Bekr. 
 
 M°cclxxxiiij. Obiit Alfunsus, filius domini regis Ed- 
 wardi. Martinus papa obiit, cui successit Honorius. 
 
 M°cclxxxv. Pbilippus rex Francorum, Alexander rex 
 Scottorum, et Petrus quondam dictus rex Arragonise, et 
 Wnielmus de Wikewane archiepiscopus Ebor. obiit, cui 
 successit Johannes dictus Romanus. 
 
 n'oclxxxYJ. Transfretavit rex Edwardus, et regina, et 
 multi magnates, tarn episcopi quam comites et barones, 
 cum eis, post Pascham, ad parleamentum cum rege Fran- 
 corum, et remansit custos Anglise Edmundus comes Cor- 
 nubise. Obiit Hugo episcopus Eliensis, cui successit Jo- 
 hannes de Kirkebye. 
 
 M"cclxxxvij. Obiit Honorius papa iij° Kl' AprUis, cui 
 successit Nicholaus iiij"^ prius dictus frater leronimus, de 
 ordine fratrum Minorum. Peso Wallensis rebellavit contra 
 regem Anglise. Maximum dUuvium et excessus maris in 
 omnibus terris maritimis, et multi homines fluctibus prse- 
 venti mortui sunt, et pecora similiter, circa Purificationem 
 beatse Marise. 
 
 M°cclxxxviij°. Obiit WUlelmus de Mildeltone, epi- 
 
104 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 scopus Norwicensis, cui successit Obiit J. de 
 
 Vallibus et Rogerus Lovedaye justiciarius. Willelmus 
 suscepit habitum Can' in vigil Purificationis. 
 
 M"cclxxxix°. Eediit rex Edwardus in Angliam, mense 
 sextili. Thomas de Weyland, capitalis justiciarius in 
 banco, exulatur, et socii sui officio suo privantur, et alias 
 per redemptionem puniuntur, et fere omnes alii justiciarii 
 eodem modo deponuntur. 
 
 Hie dimisi. 
 
 n'ocxc". Johannes de Kirkeby, Eliensis episcopus, 
 obiit, cui successit Willelmus de Luda. Walterus de 
 Hotoft cessit regimini abbatise de Thornetone in vigilia 
 sancti Rufi martiris, cui successit Thomas de Ponte. Gil- 
 bertus de Clare, comes Glovernise, duxit Johannam filiam 
 regis Edwardi in uxorem. Et Johannes de Braban. duxit 
 aliam filiam ejusdem Edwardi nomine Margaretam. Eo- 
 dem anno exulati sunt omnes Judsei ab Anglia. Eodem 
 anno obiit Elienora regina Angliee, consors domini Edwardi 
 regis. 
 
 M°.cc. nonag'. p". Obsessa est ci vitas Aeon a soldano 
 Babilonise a quinto die AprUis usque ad xviij". diem Maii, 
 et tunc capta est et destructa, et omnes Christiani aut 
 occisi aut captivati, exceptis eis qui auxiho navali se in 
 insula Cipri salvare potuerunt, ubi patriarcha de Jerusalem 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 105 
 
 navem ingrediens submersus est. Obiit Elienora regina 
 Angliae, mater domini Edwardi regis, apud Aiamesbyre. 
 Concessit papa Nicbolaus domino Edwardo regi decimam 
 ecclesiartim Anglise, Scotiae, et Wallise, et Hybernise, ad sub- 
 sidium terree sanctse, et etiam. decimam omnium posses- 
 sionum virorum religiosormn, per vj. annos integros. 
 
 Eodem anno emptum est manerium de Haltone juxta 
 Killiiigham, cum omnibus pertiaentiis, pro mille libris, ab 
 Henrico de Lascye, comite Lincolniee. Datum est do- 
 minium cum custodia terrse Scotise, assensu magnatorum 
 ejusdem, domino Edwardo regi Anglise. Obiit W. de 
 Hotoft, quondam abbas noster, videlicet iiij. Kl' Julii. 
 Natus est GUbertus filius comitis Gloucestrise. Eodem 
 anno accepit abbas de Tbometone seysinam in prsedicto 
 manerio in die sanctse scbolasticse virginis. 
 
 Millesimo ccxcij". Convocatis coram domino Edwardo 
 rege Angliae utriusque regni, scilicet Scotiae et Anglise, 
 magnatibus, apud Berewike super Tuede, per eorum as- 
 sensum Johannes de Bailyolle, tanquam hseres et consan- 
 guinitate propinquior, electus est in regem Scotise, et in 
 die sancti Andrese apostoli positus est in solio regali apud 
 Sconam, et ibi traditum est ei regnum Scotise cum omnibus 
 pertinentiis. Eodem anno fecit idem Johannes homagium 
 domino Edwardo regi Anglise, apud Novum Castrum, in 
 die Sancti Stephani prothomartiris in hgec verba. 
 
106 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 "Mun seingnur, sir Edwarde, rai de Engleterre, e sove- 
 rain seingnur de Escoce, j^ Johan de Bailyolle, rai de Es- 
 coce, devens vostre home lige de tvit le reaume de Escoce 
 oue les apurtenances, e oue quant qe apent, le quel j^'tieng, 
 e dai de drait, e claime pur mai e pur mes heyres rais de 
 Escoce, tener heritabelment, de wos, e de wos heyres rais 
 de Engleterre. E fai e Ijjaut^ porterai h, wos e k wos heyres 
 rais de Englerre, de vie e de membre, e de terren benur, 
 contre tote genz qe purrunt viver e morir. E le rai le 
 pacait en la furme, sauve son drait cantri(?) Johan. icest 
 homage fu fet al Novel Chastelle sur Tyne, le jour saint 
 Esteven, le an de grace MU. cc. nonant secunde, e de le 
 ray Edwarde xxj. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit Nicholaus papa .iiij., cui successit 
 .... Item obiit frater Johannes de Pecheham, archiepis- 
 copus Cantuariensis, qui primo fuit frater de ordine fratrum 
 minorum, cui successit magister Robertus de WinchUsd. 
 Eodem anno ad firmam dimissum est manerium de KUnese 
 ad terminum .x." annorum, cuidam Petro ad mare de 
 E/aveneshere, pro .xx. marcis. 
 
 M.°cc°.xc.iij. Orta est maxima discordia circa Pascham 
 inter portuenses Anglise et Normannos, et plures naves 
 Norraannorum et Flandrensium per Anglos capt^ fuerunt, 
 et maxima strages eorum in mari facta est. 
 
 Anno M°cc.xciiij. Capitalis inimicitia orta est inter 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 107 
 
 Edwardum regem Anglise et Philippum regem Francise, 
 unde dominus rex Anglise sibi terram Wasconise liberavit 
 cum homagio suo, et nihil de eo de csetero tenere cla- 
 mavit. Item dominus rex Alemannise et dominus rex 
 Anglise fcedus inierunt contra regem Francise, pro quo 
 dominus rex Anglise dedit praedicto regi Alemanniee mag- 
 nam summam pecunise. Maximus defectus frumenti in 
 Anglia, quia vaUes defecerunt per pluviosam sestatem. 
 
 Eodem anno omnes episcopi, decani, abbates, priores, et 
 omnes prselati Anglise, concesserunt domino Edwardo regi 
 Anglise medietatem omnium bonorum suorum spiritualium 
 et temporaHum ad terram Wasconiam recuperandam. 
 Item magnates et omnes alii de regno suo Anglise conces- 
 serunt eidem decimam partem omnium bonorum suorum, 
 qui sibi in gwerra sua in Wallia et Wasconia corporale 
 fecerunt servitium. Et de omnibus civibus, burgensibus, 
 et mercatoribus eidem regi sexta pars concessa est. Eodem 
 anno dominus papa Coelestinus v.'"^ cessit regimini papatus. 
 Cui sliccessit Bonefacius viij"^, primo vocatus dominus 
 Benedictus cardenalis. Eodem anno obiit magister Wil- 
 lelmus de Monteforti, decanus Londonise, subito in parlia- 
 mento regis, et dominus Rogerus de Clare et Johannes de 
 Sandforde archiepiscopus Dublinensis, cui successit .... 
 
 Item eodem anno maximus congressus Wallensium 
 contra regem Anglise. Dominus rex cum magno exercitu 
 
108 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 comitum et baronum, circa festum omnium sanctorum, 
 adivit Walliam, et plures Angli fame ibidem et frigore 
 perierunt, et dominus R. de Puslesdone a Wallensibus 
 capitur et trahitiir et suspenditur, et multa castra in 
 Wallia tam comitis Glovernise quam Lincolnise (?) cseter- 
 orumque magnatum per eosdem Wallenses ad terram pro- 
 strata svmt. 
 
 M°cc°nonaginta v., major pars Wallensium se paci regis 
 circa Pascham reddidit, et plures eorum in hostagio conser- 
 vati sunt. Et Madocus, princeps Wallise, paci et voluntati 
 regis se commisit, et in crastino sancti Laurentii apud 
 Londoniam ductus est, et ibi custodies mancipatur. Eodem 
 in crastino ad vincula sancti Petri maxima multitude 
 navium ex parte regis Francise ante portum de Dover 
 apparuit, et plures earum ad terram venerunt, et preedic- 
 tam villam depraedaverunt, et maximam partem ejusdem 
 combusserunt. Item dominus Edmundus, frater domini 
 regis Angliae, et Henricus de Lasci, comes Lincolnise, cum 
 suis, apud Wasconiam prostrati sunt. Eodem anno duo car- 
 dinales, scUicet Albanus et Prenestrius, regibus Anglise et 
 Erancise a summo pontifice ad pacem inter eosdem reform- 
 andum destinati sunt, et ad eorundem sumptus quselibet 
 ecclesia cathedralis, abbatia, prioratus excellens in Anglia 
 sex marcas contribuit. Maxima fames et morina pauperum 
 in Anglia. Eodem anno concessa est decima domino Ed- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 109 
 
 wardo regi Anglise omnium bonorum spiritualium et tem- 
 poralium religiosorum omnium iu Anglia et etiam totius 
 cleri. Item magnates et omnes alii de regno suo undecimam 
 partem omnium bonorum suorum eidem regi concesserunt. 
 Eodem anno obiit Gilbertus de Tbomtone apud London. 
 v° Kl' Septembris, Petrus de Campania, dominus Gilbertus 
 de Clare comes Glovernise. 
 
 Eodem anno dominus Johannes de Baylolf, rex Scotiae, 
 fracta sua fidelitate qiiam domino Edwardo regi Anglise 
 nuper fecerat, inimicos ejusdem regis, viz. in terra sua 
 Scotiae, pacifice excepit, et boriales gentes Anglise gravare 
 et perturbare vehementer incepit. Unde dominus rex 
 Anglise apud Novixm Castrimi super Tyne parliamentum 
 suum constituit, et cum valida manu tam per mare quam 
 per terram versus Boream iter suum arripuit. Item ma- 
 gister Regis, episcopus Cestrise, obiit, cui successit dominus 
 Walterus de Langtone. Item eodem anno obiit magister 
 Johannes dictus Romanus, archiepiscopus Eboracensis, qui 
 de novo ecclesiam sancti Petri construere incepit. Cui 
 successit magister Henricus de Neuwerke, ejusdem ec- 
 clesise decanus. Dominus papa constituit in favorem 
 ecclesise, ne clerici vel bona eorum taxarentur, nee regi- 
 bus darent contributiones. Item dominus Thomas de 
 Turbivilla, regis Anglise proditor, capitur, trahitur, et 
 suspenditur. Eodem anno vendidit dominus Thomas de 
 
110 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Ponte, tmic abbas, vesturam bosci de Thwayt, ex parte 
 boriali, reservatis sibi .xxx. pedibus in circuitu, quamlibet 
 acram pro .vij. marcis, per perticam .xviij. pe. 
 
 Anno Domini M.°cc.° nonaginta vj", .xxx.° die Martii, 
 dominus rex cum snis villam de Berwike acriter obsedit, 
 et eam invasit, et de omnibus in eadem inventis voluntatem 
 suam fecit, tarn in castro quam in suburbio, ubi dominus 
 Eicardus de Comubia, sibi minus providens, mortuus est. 
 Item dominus Johannes de Baliolo, rex Scotorum, v" die 
 Aprilis, apud Berwike, homagium et fidelitatem, quee 
 prius domino Edwardo Anglise regi fecerat, eidem sub hac 
 sententia liberavit. 
 
 Magnifico principi, domino Edwardo Dei gratia regi 
 Anglise, Johannes eadem gratia Scotise rex. Cum vos, ac 
 alii de regno vestro, vobis non ignorantibus, vel saltem 
 ignorare non debentibus, per violentiam vestram potentiam 
 nobis et regni nostri incolis graves ac intolerabiles injurias, 
 contemptus, et gravamina, necnon dampna enormia contra 
 nostras et regni nostri libertates, ac contra Deum et justi- 
 tiam notorie et frequenter intulistis,/nos extra regnum 
 nostrum, ad levem cujnscumque suggestionem, pro libito 
 voluntatis vestrse citando, et indebite vexando,/castra 
 nostra, terras, possessiones nostras et nostrorum infra reg- 
 num vestrum, injuste et sine jui'is demeratis(?)yoccupando 2- 
 bona nostra et subditorum nostrorum, tam per terram 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTOKY. Ill 
 
 quam per mare rapiendo, et infra regnum vestrum recep- 
 tando,|mercatores et alios regni nostri incolas occidendo, 
 hominesque nostros de regno nostro violenter in regnum 
 vestrum abducendo, ipsosque ibidem detinendo et incarcer- 
 an do,/ super quibus reformandis, nuncios nostros ssepe 
 vobis transmisimus, quae non solum adbuc remanent in- 
 corr \cc] ta, verum etiam de die in diem per vos et vestros 
 prioribus deteriora accumulantur. Vos namque cum in- 
 numerabili armatorum multitudine, exercituque vestro 
 publice convocato, ad exliseredandum nos, tam per terram 
 quam per mare commisistis inhumane. Nos dictas in- 
 jurias, contemptus, gravamina, dampna, necnon hostiles 
 impugnationes, ulterius sustinere non valentes, nee iimde- 
 litate et bomagio vestro, licet per violentam impression em 
 vestram extortis manendo, contra vos et ad defensionem 
 nostri et regni nostri, cujus defensioni et tuitioni vinculo 
 juramenti sumus astricti, nos volentes erigere, fidelitatem 
 et homagium vobis factam tam a nobis quam ab abis qui- 
 buscumque regni nostri incolis fidelibus nostris ratione 
 terrarum quas in regno vestro de vobis tenebant, ac etiam 
 ratione menagii, seu retentionis vestrse nomine vestro, ac 
 nomine eorundum omnium et singulorum vobis reddimus 
 per prsesentes, et caet'. 
 
 Unde dominus rex Edwardus, super ista ingratitudine 
 mirabiliter commotus, villam de Berwike per suos secure 
 
112 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 munivit, et ulterius inter Scotos procedere non distulit. 
 Unde Anglorum exercitus apud castrum de Dumbarre 
 accessit, et ibidem obviam habuit maximam multitudinem 
 Scottorum, armata manu valida et robere grandi, et ibidem 
 commissum est letbale bellum, sed exercitum Anglorum 
 misericordia Dei Ulsesum conservavit, et Scottos in fugam 
 convertit, fugientes ceciderunt. In Ula die vero Anglorum 
 militis et Scottorum miseria horribUiter apparuit. Et 
 ibidem capti sunt comites et plures barones, milites, et 
 alii magnates, per diversas partes Anglise missi, custodies 
 mancipandum. Transactis aliquot diebus, miserrimus Jo- 
 hannes de Baliolo, quondam rex Scotise, videns se omni 
 potestate destitui, voluntati Edwardi regis Anglise cum 
 majoribus regni Scotise bumiliter se submisit, qui apud 
 Turrim Lond. ductus est custodiendum, et totum regnum 
 Scotiae dispositioni regis Anglise subjectum est. Unde idem 
 rex Edwardus, super inimicos suos gloriose triumphans, 
 cum pace reversus est ad civitatem suam Berwyke, et 
 ibidem in crastino Assumptionis beatse Marise proximo 
 sequentis parliamentum suum constituit, et in pace ia 
 Angliam reversus est. 
 
 Item xij'"^ datur domino regi, et a mercatoribus et 
 civibus octava. Et dominus rex a clero auxUium petiit, 
 et dominus arcbiepiscopus Cantuariensis sirnul cum clero 
 respondit, quod constitutionem domini papse non aude- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP EKGUSH HISTORY. 113 
 
 bant infringere, nee ei quicquam contribuere. Unde 
 dominus rex mirabiliter commotus gratiam curiae suae 
 tarn de lege communi quam special! eis omnino interdixit. 
 Facta autem sunt ista die Jovis ante Purificationem 
 beatse Marise. Denique dominus rex omnia layca feoda 
 clericorum quorumcunque, cum bonis in eisdem inventis, 
 in manu seysivit, et extendi fecit. Et statuit quod nisi 
 infra mensem protectionem suam impetrarent, prsedicta 
 layca feoda, cum bonis in eisdem inventis, essent forisfacta. 
 Cle'rum vero extra protectionem suam posuit, et de cleri- 
 corum et religiosorum spoliatione multum gaudebat, ut 
 dicebatur. Tunc archiepiscopus Eboracensis, pro tota 
 diocesi sua, .v.*" partem possessionum et beneficiorum 
 suorum, et multi alii episcopi et abbates pro terris suis 
 deliberandum eidem .v.™ concesserunt. Sed archiepis- 
 copus Cantuariensis cum quibusdam noluit consentire. 
 
 Isto anno comes Flandrise contra regem Francise foedus 
 pepigit cum domino Edwardo rege Anglise. Eodem anno 
 comes Holandiae Elizabeth fiham post natam regis Anglise 
 duxit in uxorem, et eo mortuo comes Herefordise eandem 
 cepit in uxorem. 
 
 Anno Domini M''cc" nonoginta septimo, dominus Rober- 
 tus le Brus et alii Scotti acriter contra regem rebellaverimt. 
 Sicca sestas et calida. Eodem anno gravis discordia mota 
 
 est inter regem et comitem Marescallum, et qiiosdam 
 
 Q 
 
114 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 alios comites et barones, eo quod sumptibus siiis propriis 
 secum trans mare in guerra sua adire noluerunt, unde 
 dominus rex praefatum comitem officio suo omnino pri- 
 vavit. Item eodem anno idem rex, convooatis archi- 
 episcopis, episeopis, cseterisque regni sui dignitatum per- 
 sonis, comitibus, baronibus, cseterisque regni proceribus, 
 apud Westmonasterium mense Junii, humiliter ab eisdem 
 licenciam suam cepit, dicendo et confitendo se multa mala 
 in regno suo fecisse, et pessimum regem fuisse. Unde ab 
 eisdem veniam et absolutionem devote postulavit, et 
 ibidem a praedictis archiepiscopis, episeopis, et clero, comiti- 
 bus et militibus, Edwardo filio suo fidelitatem fieri fecit 
 specialem, ita quod in absentia sua ipsum tanquam domi- 
 num loco suo agnoscerent. Et sic dominus rex cum 
 pauca milite, comitibus et baronibus sibi adversantibus, in 
 Flandriam transfretavit, et in civitate de Gaunt diu mora- 
 batur. Et ibidem dominus rex remisit comiti Marescallo 
 et Herefordise, et Jobanni de Ferreriis, et omnibus aliis, 
 malam voluntatem suam, et confirmavit per scriptum, 
 sigillo suo signatum, magnam car tam de libertatibus Ang- 
 Hse in omnibus suis articulis, et etkm^uodjAiUajna^^ 
 caperetur, nisi secundum antiquam consuetudinem. Simi- 
 liter autera quod nullse inisge nee talliagia per ipsum de 
 caitero fierent in regno sine assensu omni et voluntate ; 
 et istud scriptum ti'aditum fuit domino archiepiscopo, 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 115 
 
 vLdente toto clero in capitulo Westmonasterii in concilio 
 ibidem convocato per dominum episcopum Cestrensem et 
 fratrem Hugonem de Maunnecestria. Et propter istam 
 confimiationem dominus archiepiscopus Cantuariensis cum 
 clero suo concessit eidem decimam temporalium et spiritu- 
 alium ad intrinsecam invasionem Scottorum expellendam. 
 Et dominus archiepiscopus Eboracensis quintam partem, 
 cseteri vero laici nonam partem domino regi concesserunt. 
 Isto anno treugse captse sunt inter regem Anglige et 
 regem Francise. Tunc demum rex Anglise cum suis in 
 Angliam reversus est. Et in absentia regis, omnes Scotti 
 acriter contra Anglos insurrexerunt, villam Berewyke 
 ceperunt, et totam terram Nortbanbumbrise, Cumbrise, 
 Westmerlande deprsedaverunt, plures occiderunt, religiosis 
 inhumane non parcentes. Unde Angli contra Scottos 
 insurgentes, grande bellum commissum est ubi plures 
 utriusque partis ceciderunt. Sed sors iniquitatis cecidit 
 super Seottos, unde in fugam reversi sunt. Item apud 
 pontem de StriveUnge plures Angli ceciderunt, inter quos 
 dominus Hugo de Cressingbam, thesaurarius regis, occisus 
 est. Eodem anno obiit dominus Edmundus frater regis 
 Anglise in Wasconia, et ossa ejus Anglise delata sunt, et 
 in ecclesia beati Petri Westmonasterii apud Londoniam 
 honorifice tumulata, cui dominus Tbomas Langecastrise, 
 
116 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 films ejus ante natus, in hseredem succedit. Et idem domi- 
 nus Thomas filiam comitis Lincolnise duxit in uxorem. 
 
 Anno domini M''cc'' nonaginta octavo, in quindena sanctse 
 Trinitatis, dominus Henricus de Neuwerke a domino... 
 episcopo Dunolmiee cseteris duobus episcopis in majori 
 ecclesia Ebor. conseoratur in archiepiscopum Eboracensem, 
 qui tantum duobus annis rexit ecclesiam Ebor. 
 
 Eodem anno comes Lancastriee cum suis de Wasconia 
 in Angliam revertebatur. Abbatia de Westmonasterio 
 combusta est. Item eodem anno obiit Willelmus de 
 Luda, episcopus Eliensis, cui successit...episcopus Norwi- 
 censis. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit Humfredus de Bohun, comes Hersr 
 fordise. Isto anno pessima moneta generaliter currit in 
 Anglia, ita quod vix in manu alicujus invenitur sterlingus 
 coronatus, et tres unum vix valent sterlingum bonum 
 coronatum. Isto anno obiit frater Willelmus de Hothum, 
 archiepiscopus Dublinensis, cui successit magister Ricardus 
 Feringes, Cantuarise archidiaconus. Et Johannes de Lange- 
 tona, canceUarius domini regis, Cantuarise archidiaconus, 
 per summum pontificem effectus est. 
 
 Anno Domini M°cc'' nonagesimo nono, rex Anglise et 
 rex Francise arbitrio domini papse se submiserunt, unde 
 per eundem papam pax inter eos formata est. Et eodem 
 anno rex Ansflise duxit Marffaretam sororem reeris Francise 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 117 
 
 in uxorem, de qua idem dominus rex genuit Thomam de 
 Brothertone, et alium filium nomine Edmundum de Wod- 
 destoke. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit pise memorise Oliverus episcopus 
 Lincolniensis die sancti Bricii episcopi. Maximus ventus 
 fuit in Anglia mense Januarii et Februarii. Eodem 
 anno obiit Henricus de Neuwerke episcopus Eboracensis, 
 cui successit magister Thomas de Correbrigge, ejusdem 
 ecclesise cancellarius. 
 
 Isto anno prior Eliensis factus est episcopus Northwi- 
 censis. Item in eodem anno constituit papa ne praedi- 
 catores seu minores prsedicarent sine licencia, seu con- 
 fessiones audirent. Isto anno obiit dominus Eicardus 
 Cornubise comes, sine bserede corporis sui, unde tota 
 Cornubia tanquam escaeta ad manum domini regis de- 
 venit. 
 
 Anno Domini M"ccc'', domimis rex in parliamento suo 
 apud Westmonasterium confirmavit cartas libertatum 
 Anglise et Forestse, et alia utilia statuta ordinavit, et 
 falsa moneta omnino deleta est. Isto anno comes Flandrise 
 voluntati regis Francise se submisit. Eodem anno magister 
 Johannes de Malderby consecratur in episcopum Lin- 
 colnise. Item isto anno, Kl' Junii, natus est Thomas 
 filius regis apud Brothertone in comitatu Eboracensi. 
 Item eodem anno dominus rex plenum parliamentum 
 
118 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 suum tenuit apud Lincolniam, ubi quintadecima omnium 
 bonorum regni sui sibi est concessa, pro confirmatlone 
 cartarum libertatum Anglise. Item eodem anno dominus 
 rex dedit Edwardo filio suo principatum Wallise et comi- 
 tatum Cestrise. Eodem anno fuit generalis absolutio 
 omnium peccatorum in curia Romana omnibus Romam 
 adeuntibus. 
 
 Anno Domini M"ccc'' primo dominus rex profectus est ver- 
 sus Scotiam cum exercitu suo, et ibidem cum suis non procul 
 a Castro Puellarum hiemavit. Eodem anno natus est 
 Edmundus filius regis apud Woddestoke, mense Augusti. 
 Isto anno cometes apparuit, radios versus coelum emittens. 
 Isto anno in subsidium ecclesiae Romanae imposuit dominus 
 papa decimam super ecclesiam Anglicam per tres annos 
 continues. 
 
 Anno Domini M^ccc" secundo, obiit Goddefridus epis- 
 copus Wigomiensis, et episcopus Eliensis. 
 
 Isto anno ejecti sunt Franci de Flandria, undo die 
 stabilito commissum est grande bellum inter eos, tibi ex 
 parte regis Francise ceciderunt comites, baron es, et caete- 
 rorum maxima multitudo, inter quos cecidit comes d'Ar- 
 toys, comes Albemar', comes de Eya, comes Sancti Pauli, 
 Radulphus de Neel, Guido de Neel, Goddefridus de 
 Brabantia et filius ejus, Willelmus de Feens et filius ejus, 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 119 
 
 Petrus de FJote, filius comitfe de Henaude, Jacobus de 
 Sancto Paulo, et lij. banerettae, et pedites innumerabiles. 
 
 Isto anno biemps valde sicca et suavis, ita quod fontes, 
 rivi, et stagna, in multis locis desiccabantur. Nix et 
 gelu raro fuerunt. 
 
 Anno Domini M^ccc™" tertio, dominus Thomas abbas 
 de Thornetone fecit finem cum domino Henrico comite 
 Lincolnise pro turbifodina in Inkeknora, pro .M. marcis 
 per decem annos solvendis, unde prsedictus abbas ia banco 
 apud Eboracum termiao Pascb. coram justiciarios fecit re- 
 cognition em, et solvit prae manibus .c. marcas. Dominus 
 Edwardus rex et princeps filius ejus, cum grandi et valido 
 exercitu, eodem termino versus Scotiam profecti sunt tam 
 per mare quam per terram. Eodem anno obiit Bonifacius 
 papa, cui successit Benedictus de ordine Praedicatorum. 
 Flandrenses adhuc contra regem Francise viriliter restite- 
 runt, et per amicos treugse inter eos captse sunt. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.°ccc."° quarto, omnes Scoti prseter 
 quosdam qui castrum de Strivelin tenuerunt, paci et 
 gratise regis se submiserunt. Eodem anno rex Francise 
 terram Wasconise regi Anglis6 reddidit, et ad ejus instan- 
 tiam omnes Flandrenses de Anglia banniti sunt. Eodem 
 anno obiit Ricardus Londoniensis episcopus, cui successit 
 magister Radulfus de Baldake. 
 
 Item eodem anno obiit Benedictus papa, cui successit... 
 
120 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Item obiit eodem anno Johannes Wintoniensis epis- 
 copus, cui successit prior ejusdem domus. Item eodem 
 dominus rex totam terram Scotise in pace optinuit, unde 
 post sanctum Michaelem in Angliam cum suis reversus 
 est, et apud Brustewyke per .vij. ebdomada perhendinavit. 
 Unde die Veneris ante festum sanctse Lucise virginis versus 
 abbatiam de Thorentone Humbre transfretavit, et ibidem 
 cum familia sua, et regina cum comitissa de Hereforde, 
 usque post nonam die lunae moram traxerunt. Inde apud 
 Lincolniam natale Domini, cum filio suo principe, iiij. 
 episcopis, comitibus, et baronibus, solemniter tenuit, et 
 parliamentum suum apud Loudim in quindenis post puri- 
 ficationem constituit. 
 
 Scaccarium domini regis, cancellarius, et omnia placita 
 coram justiciariis de banco ad festum Hillarii de Eboraco ad 
 Londoniam translata sunt. Eodem anno obiit Thomas 
 archiepiscopus Eboracensis, cui successit magister WiUel- 
 mus de Grenefeld tunc canceUarius domini regis. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.''ccc'"°. quinto, ordinatio Clemen tis 
 papse tertii primo archiepiscopo Burdegav'. Isto anno 
 dominus Johannes de Langetone, archidiaconus Cantu- 
 ariee, factus est episcopus Cycestrensis. Dominus Wil- 
 lehnus le Waleis, inimicus domini regis Anglise, capitur et 
 trahitur, suspenditur, et in partes dividitur. 
 
 Eodem anno magister Willelmus de Grenefeld electus 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 121 
 
 Eboracensis, apud Lugduntim consecratur in arcMepis- 
 copuin Eboracensem. 
 
 Eodem anno dominus papa concessit regi Anglise deci- 
 mam temporalium et spiritualium bonorum totius cleri 
 Anglise. 
 
 Eodem anno dominus Robertus de Brus occidit dominum 
 Johannem Comyn de Badenaghe, et insurrexit in regem 
 Anglise, et acriter rebellavit. Dominus rex archiepiscopum 
 Cantuariensem domino papse accusatur, et ad curiam 
 vocatur, et omnia bona sua confiscantur. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.°ccc.™" sexto, ad festum Pentecostes, 
 dominus rex Edwardo filio suo, principi Wallise, dedit 
 terram Wasconiae, et eundem dominum Edwardum in 
 eodem festo Pentecostes, apud Westmonasterium cinxit 
 nobiliter cingulo militiae, et calcaria sibi imposuerunt 
 dominus patriarcha Jerusalem et dominus Henricus comes 
 Lincolnise, et tunc erat .xxij. annorum, et ad ipsius honorem 
 dominus Johannes comes Warennse, et plures alii barones, 
 cum ccc. armigeris de electis totius Anglise, arma sus- 
 ceperunt mUitise cum magna Isetitia et honore, ipsius 
 domini regis sumptibus, et cum eodem domino rege et 
 principe statim versus Scotiam contra inimicos Angliee 
 viriliter profecti sunt. 
 
 Anno Domini .M". ccc."" septimo, die Translationis 
 sancti Thomse Cantuariensis archiepiscopi, apud Burgum 
 
122 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 super Sabulum juxta Karliolum, dominus Edwardus, rex 
 Anglise strenuissimus, diem clausit extremum, anno Estatis 
 suse .Ixviij. et coronationis suse .xxxv., et sepelitur apud 
 Westmonasterium Londonise, cui successit dominus Ed- 
 wardus filius ejus, anno setatis suse .xxiij., et statim comi- 
 tatum Cornubise et honorem Knaresburge contulit cuidam 
 Wasconi nomine Petro de Gaverstone ; et dominum 
 Johannem de Langetone, episcopum Cirencestrensem, ad 
 curiam suam cum honore revocavit, et eum cancellarium 
 Angliae constituit, et dominum Walterum de Langetone, 
 episcopum Cestrise, thesaurarium patris sui, capi fecit et 
 custodise carcerali mancipavit. 
 
 Isto anno obiit dominus Willelmus de Hameldone, 
 decanus Eboraci et cancellarius Anglise. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit frater Willelmus de Gaynesburge, 
 episcopus Wigornensis, cui successit Walterus Reginald, 
 thesaurarius Anglite. 
 
 Isto anno templarii in Francia dampnantur, et in Anglia 
 accusantur, et incarcerantur, et omnia bona sua in manum 
 regis confiscantur. 
 
 Eodem anno dominus rex ad liomagiiam. suum, pro 
 Wasconia et aliis terris suis quas de rege Francise tenet, 
 faciendum mense Januarii transfretavit, et apud Bononiam 
 rex Francise sibi occurrit et eum honorifice excepit. Unde 
 dominus rex Anglias filiam regis Franciae, Isabellam no- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOIIT. 123 
 
 mine, duxit in uxor em, et cum gaudio in Angliam cum 
 suis reversus est. 
 
 Anno supradicto, mense Januarii, die sancti Mathiae 
 apostoli, die videlicet Dominico, dominus Edwardus unctus 
 est in regem, ab episcopo Wintoniensi in ecclesia West- 
 monasterii, domino archiepiscopo Cantuariensi, Roberto 
 de Wynchelse, in partibus transmarinis tunc agente. 
 
 Anno Domini .M."°ccc.viij° 
 
 Anno Domini .M""'ccc.ix'' 
 
 Anno Domini .M"". ccc"°. x""", obiit dominus Antonius 
 de Beke, patriarcha lerusalem et Dunelmensis episcopus, 
 cui successit Ricardus de Kellawe. Eodem anno obiit 
 Henricus de Lascy, comes Lincolnise. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.™" ccc."° xj."". arcliiepiscopus Cantu- 
 ariensis concUium suum provincials apud London' fecit 
 convocari. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.™"ccc.™''xij.""'- dominus Clemens papa 
 celebravit concilium generale apud Duituon, ubi deposuit 
 et cassavit ordinem Templariorum. Eodem anno Petrus 
 de Gavastone, comes Cornubise, capitur et per prseceptum 
 regis decapitatur. 
 
 Anno Domini .M.""" ccc.™° xiij"., mense Novembris, 
 natus est Edwardus, primogenitus regis Edwardi, apud 
 Wyndessover, de regina Isabella, filia regis Francise. 
 Eodem anno, mense Junii, obiit dominus Robertus de 
 
124 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Wynchelse, archiepiscopus Cantuariensis, cui successit 
 Walterus episcopus Wigornensis. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit dominus Radulfus de Baldoke, epi- 
 scopus Londonensis, cui successit magister Gilbertus de 
 Segrave. 
 
 Eodem anno regina Navernise, uxor filii regis Franciae, 
 et soror ejus, deprehensse cum suis adulteris, ultimo damp- 
 nantur supplicio. 
 
 Anno Domini M."° ccc."° xiiij.° dominus Philippus rex 
 Franciee equo suo cecidit, et ab eo tractus et miserabiliter 
 dilaceratus, mortuus est. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 No. V. 
 
 « * * * 
 
 Iste Arthurus, nobilis bellator, duodecies dux belli 
 fuit, et duodecies victor extitit triumphus Saxonibus, 
 Pictis, et Scotis. Duxit Gwenwyber in uxorem, ex genere 
 Romanorum editam, subjugatis postea Ilibernis, Islondis, 
 Goodlondis, Ortandis, in Australibus universis, Norwagia, 
 Dacia, Gallia, Equitannia, Vasconnia, rediit in Britanum, 
 coronatus in urbe Legionum a festo Pentecostes,ubicedente 
 Dubricio suo arcbiepiscopatui, David loco ipsius subrogatur, 
 avunculus Roger. Dum hsec fierent, venerunt nuncii Lucii 
 Csesaris tributum Romse expetentes. Arthurus venit 
 vero cum suis in obviam Lucio Csesari Augusto, dominus 
 ibi, qui triumpho super Romanos potitus, Lucium Csesarem 
 in bello interposito, prostrato per viam per duellum gigante 
 horribili. Cum ergo Romam tenderet, nunciatum est ei 
 Modredus, cui regnum commisit, diadema proditiose man- 
 sisse. Diu Arthuro revertenti vi armata resistit, sed Ar- 
 thuro lethaliter vulnerato, Modredus occubuit, Artburo in 
 
126 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HLSTOEY. 
 
 insulam Glastonise delate tumulandum, terdenis regnis 
 potestati suae subactis, regno ejus Constantino cognato, 
 filio ducis Cornubise concesso, anno ab incarnatione Domini 
 .c.xlij. Tunc obiit archiepiscopus Urbis Legionum in 
 civitate sua Menevia. 
 
 Tempore istius Caretici applicuit Godmundus, rex Affri- 
 canorum, et insulam cum ecclesiis a mari usque ad 
 mare destruxit, et sic Britones regni monarchiam ulterius 
 non optinuerunt. 
 
 Jam Britones a monarchia regni expulsi, Wallenses, 
 a suo duce Wallone, sive a regi eorum Gwalone, sunt 
 nominati. 
 
 IsteEdelwoldus conversus per Birinum, cujus temporibus 
 tribus annis non cecidit pluvia, immo Wilfredus episcopus 
 primus docuit artem piscandi. 
 
 Anno gratise c. Ixxxij. misit Gregorius papa Augustinum 
 episcopum in Angliam,ut ad fidem Christi converteret, anno 
 ab adventu Anglorum c. 1., anno qui Edelbrich. regem 
 Cantuarise prime baptizavit cum suo populo, sed postea 
 factus est archiepiscopus ibidem, in cujus adjutorium 
 misit Gregoiius Mellitum, Justum, Paulinum, Risianum, 
 mandans ut xij. episcopis in cunctis locis ordinare, qui 
 ordinavit Justum in ecclesiam Roffensem, sic dictam a 
 Bufo duce eorum, ordinavit Mellitum in ecclesia Lon- 
 donise, ad cujus sedem rex Edelbrich construxit ecclesiam 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 127 
 
 in honore sancti Pauli. Dictus vero Augustinus primam 
 sedificavit ecclesiam iu civitate Cantuarise nomine Salva- 
 toris, qviam prsedicaverat ad sedem suam archiepiscopalem. 
 Et rex Edelbrich sedificavit ecclesiam in eadem civitate in 
 honore apostolorum Petri et Pauli, ubi jacet sepultus, et 
 omnes archiepiscopi successores sui, usque ad Theodorum, 
 qui nunc abbathia sancti Augustini nuncupatur. 
 
 CADWANUS. 
 
 Iste Cadwanus, dux Venedocise, erigitur ad regem. 
 
 KADWALLO. 
 
 Iste Cadwallo, cum rege Edwyno simul nutritus, ac 
 postea a regno Britannise totaliter expulsus, postea auxilio 
 Salomonis regis Armoricorum regnum Britanniae recupera- 
 vit, et rege Edwyno, sancto suo nepote, interemptus est 
 in porta occidentali supra ecclesiam sancti Martini Lon- 
 donise. 
 
 KADWALADRUS. 
 
 Iste Kadwaladrus, proper dissidium et famam diram ac 
 pestiferam mortis animse quae secuta est, insulam Britannis 
 relinquens, ab angelo monitus, sub Sargio papa Bomse 
 monachus effectus est, anno ab incarnatione Domini 
 d.c.lxxxix. Degenerati ergo Britones a Britannica nobili- 
 tate, non Britones a Bruto sed WaUenses a suo duce 
 Gvpalone dicti, diadema regni nunquam adeptam quousque 
 
128 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 reliquias et ossa Codeword ali a Roma in Britanniam porta- 
 runt. 
 
 Iste Offa de Woden transtulit ossa beati Albani in 
 nionasterium ubi nunc sunt, quod ipse construxerat, et 
 dedit beato Petro redditus unius denarii de singulis domi- 
 bus regni sui in seternum. Iste prsecepit amputaii caput 
 sancti Ethelberti anno gratise viij. Ixxxx. 
 
 CEALWOLF, 3 ANN. 
 
 Isto Cealwolfo regi Norbumbrise Beda scripsit Histo- 
 riam. 
 
 YNI. 
 
 Offa, rex Merciorum nobilis fuit filius Wyngferde, filii 
 Chanwolf, filii Osemod, filii Epa, filii Wippa, ut supra. 
 
 IVOEUS. 
 
 Cedwalla, rex Westsexise, debellavit Vectam insulam, 
 quae mille ducentarum familiarum dedit Wilfrido episcopo 
 Wintonise, temporibus Johannis episcopi. Iterum transtulit 
 in passionem regis Edwardi, occidit etiam Lotharium 
 regem Kantiee, 
 
 BEORNULF, .1. ANN. 
 
 Offa, rex Merciorum nobilis, fuit filius Wyngferde, filii 
 Cbanwolf, filii Osemod, filii Epa, filii Wippa, ut supra. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 129 
 
 EGBRUTUS, FILIUS EDMUNDI, 34 ANNIS, ET 6 MENSIBUS. 
 
 Iste Egbrutus subjugavit sibi omnes leges tarn Brito- 
 num quam Anglorum, turn aorte belli turn per spon- 
 taneam submissionem ipsorum, regnis regno suo Westsex 
 ■unitis, devictis etiam Dacis, monarcbus totius insulse 
 factus, decessit in pace, monarcbiam totius insulse re- 
 liaquens Edwolfo filio, et sic nunquam in posteriim est 
 insula Anglise in diversos reges divisa, et circa annum 
 Domini .D.ccc. jussit omnes incolas vocari Anglos, et 
 terram vocari Angliam, eo quod ab Engisto descenderunt, 
 et inde Englonde, i. Engestis londe, et etiam eo quod Uli 
 venerunt de quodam angulo Germanise ; et jacet Wyntoniae. 
 
 EDWOLPHUS, 18 ANZSfis. Eodrunalitiauc. 
 
 Hie totam terram suam ad opus ecclesiarum decimavit. 
 Anno gratiae D.cc.lxxxvj., apparuit signum crucis in vesti- 
 bus bominum, quod etiam signum apparuit tempore 
 WUlelmi Rufi, regis juniorum, post .cc. et ix annos. 
 
 Anno gratise .Ixxxviij. prime venerunt Daci in Angliam 
 a principio regis Edwolpbi ad praedicandum cum puppibus 
 usque adventum Normarmorum regis WiUelmi ducti 
 .cc. annis Daci videlicet cum Gothis, Norwagenses cum 
 Suecbedii, Wandali cum Fresis, in Anglia continuis irrupti- 
 onibus crudelissime infestarunt. Qui Edwolphus primo 
 monacbus fuit apud Wyncestre, et postea duxit in uxorem 
 
J 30 FEUDAL MAlTtTALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Karoli Calvi filiam, et genuit quatuor filios, qui omnes post 
 patrem regnaverunt, qui vi strenue quinquies in belle Daces 
 cum ccc. navibus eventes devicit, et sepultus est in abba- 
 tliia Wynton. Iste concessit prime denaries sancti Petri 
 in Anglia, et regnavit viginti annis et quinque mensibus. 
 Isti et fratres regnarunt super quosdam simul, et divi- 
 serunt regnum inter se, sed Edelbertus supervixit, et 
 tenuit totum regnum. 
 
 EDBOLDUS EILIUS 5 ANNIS. 
 
 Anno gratiee D.cc.lxix. translatum est imperium Roma- 
 norum in subjectiene Karoli Magni regis Francorum, quo 
 anno antiqui Saxones, a quibus prima gens Anglerum de- 
 scendit, cenversi sunt ad fidem Christianam. 
 
 EDELBKITH, FEATER, 5 ANNIS. 
 
 Iste vicit Daces apud Wyncestre. 
 Edelred frater, 6 annis, et jacet apud Winburne. 
 Kanaan Dyndeicbos. 
 Tempore istius Edelred venit exercitus paganorum in 
 Angliam, cui prsefuit Yngwar et UUia, qui beatum Ed- 
 mundum regem marte ceopertum. sagittis impleverunt, 
 anno gratise .viiij. .xx., qui etiam contra paganos bis victes 
 extiterat. Iste etiam occidit Akal, regem Dacorum, cum 
 quinque consulibus suis comitibus. 
 
 Alfredus, frater ejus. 
 Iste Alfredus. rex saoientissimus et eloouens. unctus et 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 131 
 
 coronatus a Leone papa, fortis et strenuus contra paganos, 
 levavit Godra regem Dacorum et Hasteng de sacro 
 fonte, et fecit primo longas naves, quas galeys appellamus, 
 xl. remorum, contra naves Dacorum. Ipse enim quasi 
 alter saltern libros sapientige composuit, quo antiqui Angli 
 habent. Cujus regni anno quarto Rollo cum suis primo 
 in Normanniam venit, anno Gratias D-cccvj. Cui etiam 
 misit Martinus papa lignum Domini. Et postquam genue- 
 rat unicum filium et nobiles filias, ac xxviij. annis et dimidio 
 regnasset, victor contra Dacos in .cc.ix. puppibus venientes 
 in sex bellis effectus, mortuus est et sepultus in abbatia 
 Wyntonise. 
 
 Nobiles filiee. 
 
 Istarum filiarum una fuit Romanorum imperatrix, duee 
 reginse, una sanctimonialis, et nobHibus Anglis matrimoni- 
 aliter copulatse. 
 
 ^dwardus, 16 annis. 
 
 Iste Edwardus, filios habens et filias nobiles, dictus 
 Senior, fundavit monasterium Wynton. Construxit etiam 
 Hereforde et Wykam in Essex, et miiltas alias civitates 
 et burges, devicitque Dacos in .uij." beUis, vir Justus et 
 prudens, mortuus est, sepultus Wyntonise. 
 
 Athelstanus, Sanctus Edmundus, Asoredus. 
 
 26 annis. frater. 
 
 Edwynus, Alfredus. Nobiles 
 qui submersus est. filise. 
 
132 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Dechilde. 
 
 Iste Atlielstaniis, ciim regnasset .ix. annis, et Dacos 
 hilm'es notlios et Norraannos, qui time dicti sunt Daci, in 
 tribus bellis ^-icisset, dignitate, potentia, ac di-^-itus patre 
 suo gloriosior, ^-iam carnis ingressus sepultus est. 
 
 Istas filias nobilibus Anglise et Normannise maxitavit. 
 Edmundus frater 6 annis et dimidio, et occiditur. 
 
 Iste Edmundus Dacos, Normannos, et omnes degeneres 
 et aJienigenas devicit et extirpavit. Suscepit etiam de 
 sacro fonte Anlaf et Regmal, dum reges Dacorum, et 
 postea ipsos a regno suo expulit, et eis abstulit .v. urbes, 
 scUicet Lincolne, Leycestre, Notyngham, et Derby, et 
 fuit sepultus apud Glastyngbury. 
 
 Eadwynus. Edredus, frater ejus, Edgarus. 
 9 aunis. 
 
 Mervemjreth. 
 
 Iste Edwyn, regis Edmundi filius, quinque annis regnans, 
 petulans et maliciosiis, atque in bellis fuit, amicos regni 
 oppressit, inimicos exaltavit, ecclesiam sanctam libertatibvis 
 suis et possessionibus spoliavit, unde tempore suo regnum 
 totum viluit in omnibus nationibus, cumulavit enim the- 
 saurum de rapina, famam suam mutulando, et sepultus 
 Wyntoniae. 
 
 Iste Edredus rex fratri successit ; cum regnasset x. 
 annis et dimidio obdormivit in Domino, subjugata sibi 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 133 
 
 Scotia ; de cujus bonitate beatus Dunstanus testimonium 
 
 perhibet, et fuit sepultus Wyntoniae. 
 
 Edwynus ij. annis. Rodri vaur. 
 
 Edgarus 16 annis. 
 
 Iste Edgarus, dictus pacificus, eo quod in pace et invio- 
 
 labili justitia regnum feliciter gubemavit, quod nullus 
 
 ante ipsum fecit. Iste omnia divisa regna compaginavit. 
 
 Fundavit enim abbathias de Glastonia et Abendonia, de 
 
 Burgo et Corneje, et de Eameseye, cujus anno quinto 
 
 Edelwaldus episcopus Wyntoniensis, ejectis canonicis a 
 
 veteri monasterio quod abbatbia de Hida dicitur, monachos 
 
 instituit. Cujus tempore nimqiiam exercitus advenarum 
 
 venit in Angliam. Et cum regnasset in pace 16 annis, 
 
 migravit ad Dominum, sepultus apud Glastoniam. 
 
 Edwardus Edmundus Edelredus Sancta Editha. 
 martyr, 5 annis. cum labore. 
 
 Anaraud Eadel. 
 
 Iste Edwardus, innocens et sanctus, patri successit. 
 
 Hie cum a venatu quadam die redisset et sitiret, porrecto 
 
 cipbo a noverca sua secreto in tbalamo, dum avide biberet, 
 
 mulier cultello ipsum perfodit, et sic proditiose occiditur, 
 
 et apud Scbaftesbury sepelitur. Cujus tempore floruit 
 
 beatus Dunstanus, unde quia dignior est candatio martirus 
 
 quam confessor, iste praecessit sanctum Edwardum, Dei 
 
 virginem et confessorem. Et nota pluries in Anglia reges 
 
134 FEUDAl. MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 fuisse Edwardos, primum dictum seniorem, fundatorem 
 coenobii Wyntonise, et martirem, virginem, et confessorem. 
 
 EDELREDUS, FRATER EDWARDI. 
 
 Iste Edelredus fratri successit. Hie genuit filios ex Angli- 
 gena, filia comitis Thoreci Edmundum Ironside, ex Emma 
 Normannica Alfredum quem Godwynus proditiose postea 
 interfecit exoccultatum in insula Eliensi, secundum. Iste 
 vero Edelstanus multum a Dacis infestatus, solvit primus 
 Dacis populo suo censum qui vocatur Denegelde, de qua- 
 libet hida terrse ij. s., quatinus a rapinis et csede cessarent, 
 viz. M'' marcis. Et hoc malum adhuc durat, quoniam regibus 
 modius ex consuetudine solvitur quod tunc Dacis solve- 
 batur ineffabili terrore. Cujus tempore Swyn et Anlaf, 
 reges Dacorum, impetierunt London' c. xiiij. puppibus 
 a nativitate beatse Marise, et inde confusi recesserunt pro- 
 tegente ipsos Virgine Maria. Anno gratise M° ij", Edelred 
 cepit Emmam, filiam Ricardi ducis in uxorem, per quod 
 in superbiam elatvis clandestina proditione per epistolas 
 unamquamque urbem occulte missas, omnes Dacos qui in 
 pace erant in Anglia, die sancti Bricii scilicet, una die una 
 bora vel ferro vel incendio proditiose mactari fecit. Ob 
 quam proditionem vindicandam, anno M"vj" Swyn, rex 
 Dacorum, venit apud Sandewycli cum magna classe, quod 
 tria comitebantur recedendo, hospiti csede, hospitio 
 
xj^^ijDAL manuals op ENGLISH HISTOEY. 135 
 
 fiamma, reddebat. Rex Edelred fecit parari contra 
 Alfredus. Sanctus Edwardus. 
 
 How el Da. Idwal wyl(jf-J. 
 
 Dacos ex ccc.x. Hdis navem unam, et ex viij. hidis loricam 
 et galeam. Hyda enim vocatur cultura unius aratri per 
 annum, sed prius dicto Swyn .xxx. M". libri vj., sed 
 nihil profuit. Postea vero otiose Elphege Cantuariensi 
 arcbiepiscopo, dedit ei viij. M'. libri, sed nihil profuit, 
 Swyn vero fugato, Edelred pro rege per totam AngHam 
 babebatur. Quo subita morte perempto, electus est Knutus 
 filius ejus in regem, Edelred vero Londonise in moerore 
 decessit. 
 
 Eadem Emma, Edmundus. Meuric. Owynus. 
 
 Frater Robertus. Ricardus. 
 
 Iste extinxit fratrem surun Ricardum veneno. 
 Edmundus Irenside, i. anno. Sweyn, Danus. 
 
 Iste Edmundus propter invincibilem sui constantiam 
 et duritiam dictus est Irenside, qui patri succedens, cum 
 saxeis pugnasset cum Knuto, et vicisset tandem in singulari 
 duello, concordati sunt ut quicumque alterum supervixerit 
 monarchiam regni obtinueret, quo in brevi in quadam 
 domo secretaria Claudiocestrise proditiose perempto, 
 Knutus in pace monarchiam regni optinuit .xx. annos, 
 edem cum Edgar regno suo apud Glastoniam sepulto. 
 Edwardus exul. 
 
136 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Edmundus. Edgarus Margareta, Christina, 
 Ethelyng. regina Scotiee. sanctimonialis. 
 
 Emma. Knutus. 
 
 Haraldus Harefot. 
 
 Hardeknutus, ex Emma, 2 annos. Eynaim. 
 
 Iste Knutus, vir Justus et potens, rex fuit DacisD, 
 Norwagise, Scotise, et demum Anglise sibi subjugavit, qui 
 in regno Anglise confirmatus, Ixxxiij. M" libri (?) ab insu- 
 lanis ducans Emmam uxor Edelred in uxorem, de qua 
 genuit Hardeknut, qui postea Romam pergens seuf(?) qui 
 vocatur E,om8e stat papa assignavit. Hie specialis amator 
 fuit sancti Edmundi regis, unde coenobium suum restau- 
 rans, abbatem et conventum monachorum secundum ordi- 
 nem sancti Benedicti, unam abbathiam in Norwagia et 
 unam in Anglia, et utramque vocari prsecepit domum sancti 
 Benedicti de ulnis. Hie eruderavit unam de marisco, et 
 cum optimas leges condens regnasset post Edmundum .xx. 
 annis, mortuus jacet sepultus in abbathiaWyntonise, quo in- 
 cipiente regnare, deficit ad horam Deo offenso egregius san- 
 guis illustrium antiquorum regnum Anglise. Et truncatus 
 fuit stipes usque ad tempus regis Henrici secundi, filii 
 imperatrifcis, secundum prophetiam beati Edwardi quam 
 ccelitus edidit dum ageret in extremis, sicut in vita sua 
 manifesto continetur, et sicut in alio margins figuratur. 
 Obiit autem anno gratise M"xvj.'' 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 137 
 
 SANCTUS EDWARDus CONFESSOR, Idwal. Eadelle. 
 
 24 annis et di. 
 
 Iste Edwardus, virgo et sanctus confessor in sevum 
 permanens, ab angelis vocatus, in regem eligitur et con- 
 secratur Wyntonise, die Pascliae, ducens in uxorem Godivam 
 filiam comitis Godwyni, cujus anno regni duodecimo apud 
 Wyndelsore strangulatus est Godwynus proditionis suae 
 jugulator quodam panis frusculo in prandio. Et anno 
 ejus xiij. combusta est Hereforde a Wallensibus cum eccle- 
 sia sancti Ethelberti. Anno ejusdem xxij. Haraldus filius 
 comitis Godwyni subdidit sibi Walliam, et eo anno Wal- 
 lenses occidunt Griffinum principem suum et caput ejus 
 Haraldo detulerunt. Anno ejusdem xxvj., et anno gratise 
 millesimo lxvj° dedicatum est monasterium sancti Petri 
 Westmonasterii, quod ipse fundaverat, ubi jacet translatus, 
 relicto regno Willelmo duci Normannorum dicto Notho. 
 
 Theodorus. 
 
 Prophetia regis Edwardi, unde dum ageret in extremis 
 sibi divinitus revelata. Arbor quselibet vixidis, a suo trunco 
 decisa, cum ad trium jugerum spacium a radice separetur, 
 quae cum, nulla manu bominis cogente, nulla urgente ne- 
 cessitate, ad suum reversa truncum, in antiquam radicem 
 sese reciperet, resumptoque succo virens floruerit, tunc^ 
 separandum est aliquod de tribulatione remedium. Hanc 
 
138 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 cum parabolam cum spiritu alacriori rex, quasi a 
 mortis revocatiis, dixisset, inclinato humiliter capit( 
 dicens sseculo expiravit. 
 
 Expositio proplietia3. 
 Arbor hsec Anglorum regnum gloria foliorum et fr 
 foecundissimum significat, radix autem de qua totus 
 iste processit regia stirps est, quae ab Alfredo primo p 
 monarcha inuncto et coronato, recta successionis 
 usque ad sanctum Edwardum propagata et diriva^ 
 Abscisa est arbor a trunco suo quando regnum An; 
 genere regali divisum, ad aliud semen translatum « 
 trium jugerum facta est separatio quando in trium ju 
 temporibus regum nulla novis cum aliquo semine i 
 conjuncio vel communio. Haraldus enim successi 
 w'ardo, et Willelmus Haraldo, et Willelmus junior 
 "Willelmo successit ad radicem arboris quando glorios 
 Henricus, in quern totum regni decus transfusum, ei 
 necessitate cogente, nulla spe lucri urgente, sed ex 
 ei amoris affectu ad neptem Edwardi, MatUdam 
 uxorem, semen regivim Normannorum et Anglorui 
 jungens, de duobus unum fecit fructvim, quando d 
 noster Henricus quasi lapis factus angularis. 
 
 HAEALDCS 9 MBNSIBUS, 
 
 Iste Haraldus, dictus et existens proditor et pe: 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 139 
 
 filius comitis Godwyni, thesauri raptor et cumulator, 
 diadema invadens, se ipsum coronavit, sine assensu pree- 
 latorum et magnatum, excepto solo patre Godwyno, 
 unde Domino ultore contra Willelmum regem in bello 
 occubuit, proditionis suae reportans mercedem, et sepultus 
 apnd Waltham, et ubi proelitim erat WUlelmus fundavit 
 abbatbiam dictus the Abbey of Batayl. 
 
 WILLELMUS NOTHUS. YagO. RoSUS. 
 
 Iste Willelmus dictus Nothus post conquisitionem An- 
 glise cum regnare coepisset, ablata est m.emoria donorum, 
 et concessit insulanis suas antiquas leges, sancti Edwardi 
 esse dicebant, coronatus Londoniee apud Westmonaste- 
 rium. Cujus anno tertio fugavit Swyn regem Dacorum, 
 invadentem Humbre cum ccc. puppibus. Anno ejus 
 quinto subjugavit sibi Scotiam, et anno ejus xv" subjugavit 
 sibi Walliam, et eodem anno cepit ab unaquaque hida terrse 
 vj. s. Anno ejus xviij" fecit inquiri per suamquamque schi- 
 ram Anglise quot hidse et jugera sufficerent uni aratro per 
 annum, et quot animalia, quid una quam urbs, castellse, 
 vicus, villee, flumen, polus, silva reddent per annum, et in 
 thesauro reponi, quod dicitur Domesday. Ita quod una 
 sola hida non esset de qua nesciunt cujus esset et quid 
 valeret. Construxit abbathiam de Bello, et morions Ro- 
 berto dicto Curta-ocrea dimisit Normanniam, WUlelmo 2° 
 
140 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 filio, dicto Rufo, regnum Anglise, et Henrico Clerico, 3° 
 filio, thesaurum suum, et mortuus sepultus apud Kaam in 
 Normannia in monasterio quod ipse fundaverat. 
 
 "WILLELMUS CONQUESTOR, 21 ANNIS. 
 
 Eobertus WiUelmvis Ricardus, Henricus 
 Courthuse. Rufus. qui obiit juvenis. Clcricus. 
 
 Adala, iiij. aliee filise. 
 
 uxor comitis Blesensis. 
 
 Henricus Stephanus. 
 
 primus. 
 
 Iste Stephanus, miles strenuus, filiiis comitis Blesensis, 
 
 ex Adala filia regis WUlelmi primi et sorore regis Henrici, 
 
 quasi in ictu oculi ab Anglis in regem admissus, contra 
 
 sacramentum fidelitatis quod filius regis s. imperatrici 
 
 fecerat, coronatur London' die sancti Stephani, anno 
 
 gratiae millesimo .c.xxx°.vj.°, ubi tunc vovit clero [et] 
 
 populo Anglise, primo quod electioni prselatorum statum 
 
 consentiret, et eisdem ecclesias suas restitueret ; secundo 
 
 quod nuUo actionaret de propria venatione in propria silva 
 
 capta, nee de vasto nemorum ; tertio condonavit Denegeld, 
 
 in duos solidos de qualibet hida terrse ; sed nihil horum 
 
 tenuit. Quarto anno regni sui, extorsit castre Gruffinus, 
 
 de Divises a Rogero Sarum episcopo, et castre j^^g^^jg 
 
 de Newerke ab Alexandro Lincolniensi episcopo. Oweyn. 
 
 Eodem anno venit imperatrix in Anglia, et ex tunc crevit 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 141 
 
 dissentio in terra. 6° anno capitur rex Stephanus in belle 
 apud Lincoln, a comite Cestrise, et ducitur apud Yerword. 
 Bristolle ad imperatricem, et eodem anno liberatur propter 
 fratrem imperatricis. Viij° statuit legatus papse ut propter 
 violentem manuum injectionem in clericum nullus posset 
 absolvere nisi papa. Iste Stephanus in bello et Eesus. 
 guerra continua regnavit omnibus diebus vitse ^^" ^"^' 
 suEe, et cum regnassit .xix. annis, mortuus est, Lewel- 
 sepultus in abbathia de Feveresham, quam ipse ™"®' 
 fundaverat. 
 
 HENRICUS SECUNDUS, 34 ANNIS ET DIMIDIO. 
 
 Iste Henricus, rex Anglise, cum Roberto fratre suo primo 
 anno pacificatus, dedit ei singulis annis tria millia marca, 
 et tenuit regnum in pace, cum esset junior frater, ducens 
 in uxorem Matildam filiam Margaretae reginse Scotise, ab- 
 nepotem sancti Edwardi. Cujus regni anno 2° exulavit E,o- 
 bertum debelem, comitem Salopise ; et eodem anno archi- 
 episcopus Cantuariensis prohibuit a suo consUio Londoni- 
 ensi uxores sacerdotum, ante non prohibitas. Quinto anno 
 regni sui cepit in bello Robertum Curtbuse, ducem Nor- 
 mannise apud Tener cheber, et misit eum in carcerem 
 perpetuum, qui mortuus sepultus est apud Gloucestriam. 
 Quo anno visse sunt duse lunse in firmamento. Dedit enim 
 DominvTS isti Henrico sapientiam, victoriam, et divitias, 
 
142 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 quibus antecessores suos omnes preecessit. Dedit enim 
 
 filiam Matildam Henrico imperatori, et cepit ab unaquaque 
 
 Hda terrse iij. s. Edificavitque Windlesoram, et exulavit 
 
 Philippum, et de Breuse, Willelmum Malet et Willelnmm 
 
 Baynard. Anno xi. cepit Robertum debellum in Nor- 
 
 mannia, et misit in carcerem apud Westmonasterium 
 
 Warham. Isto anno primo orta est dissencio inter Radul- 
 
 pbum archiepiscopum Eboracensem, eo quod more subjici 
 
 nolebat archiepiscopo Cantuariensi. Anno ejus xx.° in 
 
 redeundo Norman' submersi sunt Eobertus et Willelmus 
 
 filii et filia. Anno ejus .xxix. factus est Heneus primus 
 
 episcopus de Ely, i. anno gratite c. xxx. Idem rex cum 
 
 regnasset in gloria .xxxv. annis, mortuus est et sepultus 
 
 in abbathia de Redynge, quam ipse fundaverat. 
 
 WUlelmus, Henricus Ricardus Galfridus, 
 
 qui statim obiit. junior, elegans. primus. dux Britauuias. 
 
 MatUda, Elena, Comitissa Johannes, 
 ducessa Saxonite regina Tholosi. 
 
 et Sardinise. Castelte. 
 
 Artburus, Henricus, Oetes, 
 
 dux Britannia3. dux Saxoniso imperatur. 
 
 et Sardiniee. 
 
 Iste Henricus secundus, filius Matildse imperatricis, et 
 
 Galfridi Plantageneste, comitis Andegavensis, successit in 
 
 regnum Angliee. Begnavit prospere in magna gloria, copiosa 
 
 prole ditatus, xxiiij. annis, mensibus vij., diebus quinque. 
 
 Hie dum discordia duvaret inter ipsum ibidem Thomam 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 143 
 
 archiepiscopum Cantuariensem fecit coronari filium suum 
 Henricum juniorem, contra libertatem ecclesise Cantuari- 
 ensis, imitato beato Thoma dicto arcliiepiscopo, qui et obiit 
 mai'terizatus. Unde domino irato, in cujus manu corda re- 
 gum, in flore juventutis suae ante patrem suum obiit, unde 
 licet coronatus a Rogero Eboracensi archiepiscopo, injuriose 
 tamen non annumeratur in ordine regum, vacatque a stipite 
 genealogise, nee Willelmus nee alii qui in mari miserabiliter 
 perierunt. 
 
 Iste Ricardus patri successit, terram sanctam simul cum. 
 Pbilippo rege Francorum cum magna pompa abiit, sed in- 
 glorius rediit. Captus enim fuit a duce Austrise, quem in 
 terra sancta ojQfenderat, et quia bellipotens extitit, graviter 
 redemptus est. Unde quidam inde ait, — 
 
 Christe, tui calicis praedo fit, preeda salutis, 
 Ore brevi rejicis qui tulis ara crucis. 
 
 Iste tandem obiit in Normannia spiculatus, cum .ix. 
 annis et dimidio regnasset, et fuit sepultus apud Ponte- 
 verdart vij. Kalendis Aprilis, anno Domini M° nonagesimo 
 nono. Spiculatus enim erat apud castrum de Chaloson 
 in Aquitannia in redeundo ad Angliam. 
 
 Matilda uxor imperatoris, sine hserede ab imperatore 
 revertebatur ad patrem, qui earn dedit Galfrido, ex quo 
 habuit istum Henricum. 
 
144 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Epitcvphium MatUdce. Eesus. 
 
 Orto magna, viro major, sed maxima partu. 
 Hie jacet Hemici filia, sponsa, parens. 
 
 Filia enim fait Henrici primi, uxor Henrici imperatoris, et 
 mater Henrici secundi regis Anglise. Iste Henricus erat 
 dux Normannise. 
 
 Epitaphium istius Henrici. 
 Omnis Lionoris honos, et decus urbis et orbis, 
 
 Militise splendor, gloria, lumen, apex. 
 Julius iiigenio, virtutibus Hector, Achilles 
 
 Viribus, Augustus moribus, ore patris. 
 
 Polic° libro 4° capitulo. Pax est reformata inter Hen- 
 ricum et istum Lewelinum principem Wallise, mediante 
 Otto^Jbono legato, apud Montem Gomericum, sub hac 
 forma quod Lewelinus et ejus successores vocarentur prin- 
 cipes, et facerent regibus Anglise homagia, et rex Henricus 
 cepit ab eo tria mOlia marcarum, super quibus rex Anglise 
 fecit cartam auctoritate papali roborata. 
 
 JOHANNES, 14 ANNIS ET DIMIDIO. 
 
 Iste Johannes, ex dono patris sui dominus Hlbernise, 
 mortuo Arthuro filio Galfredi comltis Britanniae, successit 
 Eicardo fratri suo, ducens in uxorem Isabellam fiham com- 
 itis Engolesmi, aliam praesumptam repudiando. Hujus 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 145 
 
 quoque tempore passa est Anglia multas et diversas tribu- 
 lationes, tributxim novum et insolitum, interdictum, et 
 guerram fere septennalem, ecclesia dampna irrestaurabilia, 
 inexplicabiles oppressiones papales, et ille idem rex a 
 ducatiT Normannige abjudicatus sententialiter in curia 
 Francise, in quo discrimen multiformi cum summa mentis 
 amaritudine afflictam aniinam apud Newerke, postqnam 
 regnaverat annis xvij., mensibus quinque, diebus 4°'', 
 exalavit, sepultus in monasterio Wygomise, reliaquens 
 Henricum, filium suum, hseredem in regem loco sue 
 coronandum. 
 
 ilicardus, 
 
 Isabella, Elenora, 
 
 Jobann 
 
 rex 
 
 imperatrix Koniana, comitissa 
 
 regina 
 
 Almanise. 
 
 uxor Frederici Pembrochise. 
 imperatoris. 
 
 [Kicardus rex AlmaniEe.] 
 
 Henricus de Edmundus, 
 Almania. dux Cornubise. 
 
 Sotise. 
 
 HENRICUS 3"' 1,5 ANNIS. 
 
 Iste Henricus Johanni patri suo successit, prius a Gwa- 
 lone legato puer coronatus, postea ab archiepiscopo Cantu- 
 ariensi E. Quo coronato et in regem . . . . et acclamato, 
 pro majori parte tempestas Anglis mitigata est. Hie 
 quoque rex, Deo in cujus manu corda sunt regum annu- 
 ente, multis annis feliciter regnavit, patris vestigia non 
 sequente, verum paternis delictis nuUatenus puniendus, 
 donee alieginarum fallaciis irrititus, adeo coepit indigere, 
 
146 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY, 
 
 ut aliena capere cogeretur. Nee Wallensium impetus 
 
 poterat propulsare, tempore cujus fuit proelium de Lewys, 
 
 anno Domini .M." et .xl. ; et sequente anno primo proeKum 
 
 (Je Evesliam, et moritur anno Domini M" et Ixxij". 
 
 Margareta. Edmundus. Beatrix. 
 
 Eicardus, Katerina, 
 
 apud Westmonasterium. quae cito obiit. 
 
 Johatines, Willelmus, Henricus, 
 
 apud Westmonasterium. qui sepultus qui jacet apud 
 
 est in Templo. Westmonasterium. 
 
 Secundo anno Edwardi Lowelinus, princeps Wallise, 
 per parliamentum regis, in Anglia venire noluerat, sed rex 
 adiit Walliam, castra de Flint de novo fundavit, castrum 
 Eothelond firmavit, ubi Lowelinus subdidit se regi, dando 
 pro transgressione .1. millia lib., et pro insula de Angle- 
 seya M'. marcas per annum. Sed paulo post perfidus 
 David surrexit contra regem, et in Dominica Palmarum 
 multa mala Angligenis intulit. Adveniens tandem rex 
 Edwardus, circa festum sancti Johannis, Walliam sub- 
 jugavit, vUlas et terras quse erant in meditullio WaUise 
 suis proceribus distribuit, sed castra maritima sibi retinuit, 
 ex quo facta tranquillitas magna sequenti tempore peivenit 
 Wallensibus, Sed post circa festum Lucise caput Lowelini 
 amputatum est a Wallensibus et regi allatum Londonise. 
 Cito post captus est David, frater ejus, totius mali incentor, 
 qui in parliamento apud Salopiam dampnatur, primo 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH EISTOKY. 147 
 
 equis distractuSi secundo suspensus, tertio in quarteria 
 
 divisus et per Anglise loca distributus. De Lowelino 
 
 scripsit quidam, 
 
 Hie jacet Anglorum4ortor, tutor Venedorum, 
 Princeps Wallorumy^Lowelinus, regula moram, 
 Gemma cenorum/flos regum prseteritorum, 
 Forma futurorum/dux, laus, lex, lux populonim. 
 
 Alius scripsit, 
 
 Hie jaeet errorum/princeps, et prsedo virorum, 
 Proditor Anglorum/fax livida, seeta reorum, 
 Numen Wallorum/trux dux, homicida piorum, 
 Fsex Trojanorum/stirps fallax, eausa malorum. 
 
 lata Margareta regi Scottorum Alexandre nupsit, apud 
 Eboraeum, puer puellee. 
 
 Ista Beatrix nupsit Johanni, comiti Britannise, quern 
 dominus rex Henricus, pater ejus, cingulo militari donavit 
 apud London, anno regni ejusdem xl4°. 
 
 Edwardus primus, 34 annis et dimidio. 
 
 Eleonora, prima uxor. 
 
 Eleonora, Johanna, Jobanna, Henricus, Alicia, 
 comitisaa comitissa quse moritur qui moritur quae moritiir 
 
 de Barz. Glouoestrise. juvenis. juvenis. setate xij. an. 
 
 et jacet apud 
 Westmonasterium. 
 
 Margareta, Elizabeth, Elizabeth, Maria nonita 
 
 ducessa comitissa comitissa de Hamesburi. 
 
 Brabantise. de Holond. Herfordise. 
 
148 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Edwardus 2"^, Henricus, Beatrix, Blancliia, 
 Kaernarvan, 20 an. qui moritur qute moritur qute moritur 
 juvenis. puella. puella. 
 
 Margareta 2* uxor. 
 
 Thomas, Edmund us, Elenora, 
 
 comes Maresoallise. comes Kanoise. quae moritur puella. 
 
 Gruffinus. Resus. 
 
 Oweyn gotli. Lewelinus. David. Rodri. 
 
 Anno secundo Edwardi primi nocte sanctae Margaretse 
 discendit tempestas imbrium, tonitrui, et fulguris a retro 
 seculis vix audita, concutiens sata et demergens, ita ut 
 Londonise modius tritici, qui prius ad tres denarios vende- 
 batur, ex tunc paulatim usque ad duos solidos excrevit, 
 sicque per xl. fere annos, usque ad obitum regis Edwardi 
 secundi, caristia bladi, ita quod aliquotiens London, modius 
 frumenti ad x. solidos venderetur. Hoc tempore Judsei 
 expulsi sunt ab Anglia, nee redierunt. 
 
 Per sanctum David Wallus bene metrificavit. 
 Per sanctos mille mendax fuit Angiicus ille. 
 
 In ultimis diebus istius Edwardi quidam Madocus 
 Wallensis suscitavit guerram in Wallia, sed rex adveniens 
 circa festum sancti Nicliolai, cepit insulam Angleseyam, 
 sedificavitque de novo urbem et castrum de Bello Marisco, 
 quo tempore succisa sunt nemora in Wallia, quae prse- 
 stabant indigenis latibula tempore belli, firmavitque castra 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 149 
 
 circa loca maritima, et cito post captus est Madocus. Et 
 ab illo tempore qiiieverunt Wallenses a proeliis, et princi- 
 patum Walliee dedit Edwardo 2'' filio suo et comiti Castriae, 
 ut dicit Poll" 7°, capitiilo 4'". 
 
 [Edwardus 2"^.] 
 
 Johannes Eltham, Johanna, Elena, 
 
 comes Cornubise. regina Scotise. comitissa de 
 
 Goldura. 
 
 PHlippus filius sancti Lodowyci. 
 
 Philippus Karolus de Valoys. Philippus 
 pulcher. filius ejus. 
 
 Iste Philippiis, filius sancti Lodowyci, genuit Philippum 
 
 dictum pulchrum et Karolum de Valoys, cui Philippo 
 
 filio Lodowyci successit in regno Francise dictus PHlippus 
 
 pulcher, qui relictis tribus filiis, et una filia, domina 
 
 Isabella regina Anglise, quae vivente patre suo peperit 
 
 dominum Edwardum tertium, decessit. Cui successit Lodo- 
 
 wycus ejus primogenitus, qui vivente patre suo de prima 
 
 uxore, filia sua duci Burgundise suscitavit unam filiam, 
 
 de qua ipso vivente nulla proles fuit suscitata. De 2" uxore 
 
 sua, filia regis Hungarise, suscitavit fihum Johannem 
 
 posthumum, qui dum per paucos dies vixit, habebatur 
 
 pro rege, cui Johanni successit Philippus 2"^ genitus 
 
 Philippi pulchri, qui de uxore sua suscitavit duas fihas, 
 
 quarum una erat desponsata comiti Flandrise, altera dol- 
 
 phino de Viemus (?), sed de ipsis eo vivente nulla proles 
 
150 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 fuit suscitata. Mortuo dicto PMlippo sine hserede masculo, 
 successit Karolus ultimogenitus dicti Philippi piilchri, 
 quo regnante factum erat statutum quod femina in regno 
 Franciee non succederet, sed masculus tantum, sicut etiam 
 prius de consuetudine erat obtentum, ut ipsi Franci prae- 
 tendunt. Idem Karolus sine haerede masculo obiit, cui suc- 
 cessit de facto, licet non de jure, Philippus filiiis Caroli 
 de Valoys, et occupavit regnum Francise, ubi dominus 
 Edwardus debuisset succedere ex linea descendente dicti 
 Philippi pulchri. 
 
 Lodowycus Philippus Karolus Isabella 
 Hutin. Longus. pulcher. mater Edwardi 2'. 
 
 Johannes posthumus, 
 qui vixit per paucos dies. 
 
 Idem PhUippus. 
 
 Idem Carolus. 
 
 Philippus filius. 
 
 Karoli de Valoys. 
 
 EDWARDUS TERTIUS, 51 ANNIS. 
 
 Anno primo Edwardi tertii erat magna lues animalium 
 et hominum, et maxima inundatio imbrium sestivalium et 
 autumpnahum, ex qua provenit tanta bladi caristia, ut 
 quarterium frumenti ad xl. s. venderetur. 
 Edwardus, Isabella, Johanna, WiUelmus Hatfelde, 
 
 princeps oomitissa regina qui jacet apud 
 
 Wallise. Bedfordise. Hispanise. Eboracura. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 151 
 
 Leonel, Johannes, Edmundus, Blanchia, Maria, 
 dux dux dux Eboraci. quae jacet ducessa 
 
 Clarenciae. Lancastrise. Westmon. de Britannia. 
 
 Margareta, Willelmus de "Wyndesore, 
 
 comitissa Pembrochise. qui jacet Westmonasterio. 
 
 Thomas, 
 dux Gloucestrise. 
 
 [Edwardus princeps Wallise.J 
 Edwardus, Bicardus 
 
 qui moritur juvenis. secundus. 
 
 [Edmundus dux Ebor.] 
 
 Edwardus, Bicardus, 
 
 dux Eboraci. comes Cantabrigise. 
 
 [Johannes dux Lancastrise.] 
 
 Domina BlancHa, prima uxor. 
 
 Johannes, Edwardus, PMlippa, 
 
 qui moritur juvenis. qui moritur juvenis. regina Portingalise. 
 
 Elizabeth, Henricus Johannes, 
 
 comitissa de Huntyndone. quartus. qui moritur juvenis. 
 
 Constancia, 2" uxor. 
 
 Kateriaa, 
 regina Hispanise. 
 
 Katerina Swanforde, 3" uxor. 
 
 Johannes, Johanna, Henricus Thomas, 
 
 comes comitissa cardinalis. dux Exonise. 
 
 Somersedise. Westmorlond. 
 
 [Thomas dux Gloucestrise.] 
 
 Anna, comitissa Staffordiee. 
 
 Phihppa. Comes StafFordise. 
 
152 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 Anna, Henricus, 
 
 comitissa Huntyngdone. comes de Ew. 
 
 Willelmus. Thomas. Johannes. Anna. Margareta. 
 
 Primo anno Henrici quarti surrexit in Wallia quidam 
 Owynus Glendore, et acriter infestavit totam Walliam 
 ferro et flamma fere per septenniam, sed tempore Henrici 
 quinti fihi sui coeperunt Wallenses more Anglorum vivere. 
 PoH' Hbro 1°, capitulo 38. Thesauros congregant, rerum 
 dampna formidant, hortos et agros excolunt, ad oppida se 
 conferunt, loricati equitant, et calciati peditant, urbane se 
 conferunt, sub tapetis dormiunt, ut judicentur Anglici nunc 
 potius quam Wallici. Hinc si quseratur ratio quiestius (?) 
 quam soHto cur illi vivant hodie, causae sunt divitiae ; 
 timer dampni hos retrahit, nam nil habens nil metuit, 
 et, ut dicit Satyricus,"cantat viator vacuus coram latrone 
 tutior quam phaleratus ditior,'" Hsec iUe. 
 [Philippa, regina Portingalise.] 
 
 Edwardus. Petrus. Henricus. Alexander. 
 
 [Henricus quartas.] 
 
 Philippa, Blanchia, Humfridus, 
 
 regina Denmarchise. imperatrix. dux Gloucestrise. 
 
 Johannes, Thomas, Henricus 
 
 dux Bedfordiae. dux Clarencioe. quintus. 
 
 domina Katerina. 
 [Ricardus comes Cantabrigise.] 
 Ricardiis, dux Eboraci et comes Marchise. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 153 
 
 [Johannes, comes Somersedise.] 
 
 Comes Somersedise. Thomas. 
 
 Johannes, Edmundus, Johanna, Margareta, 
 comes Somersedise. comes de regina Scotiffi. comitissa 
 
 Morteyn. Devonise. 
 
 [Thomas.] 
 
 Ricardus, 
 
 comes Sarum. 
 
 [Johannes, comes Somersediae.J 
 
 Robertas, 
 episcopus de Deram. 
 
 HENRICUS SEXTUS. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 No. VT. 
 
 Cronicles hetivene England and Scoland sitlicn the 
 Gommyng of Brute. 
 
 The noble and miglity man Brute, which descended of 
 the noble blod of Troye, with many of the same blod, 
 arrived in this land, that tyme called Albyon, inhabitede 
 with geauntes, whom by his mighty powair slewe and 
 overcom, and called this lande Bretayne, after his awne 
 name, and the people Bretons. He reigned her all his lif, 
 and had .iij. sones, that were called Locrinus, Albanactus, 
 and Camber, among whom he devided this land in this 
 maner. To Locrinus al that part which is called England, 
 that tyme called Logre ; to Albanactus that part which 
 now is called Scotland, that tyme called Albany ; and to 
 Camber that part no we called Wales, which that tyme he 
 called Cambria ; reserving to Locryne, his eldest sone, 
 the royal dignite. And after the deth of the said Brute, 
 every of the same his thre sones entred into their landes. 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLLSH HISTORY. 155 
 
 It happened that two yeres after the deth of Brute, a 
 king called Humbre entred into Albany, and slew Alba- 
 nact, brother to Locrine. Locryne knowing that, cam 
 into Albany, and chassed Humbre, which fled, and was 
 drowned in a ryver which is no we called Humbre for that 
 cause. Then entrede the said Locryne into the land of 
 Albany, and toke it to hymself. 
 
 Also Dunwald, king of Bretayne, slewe Satern king of 
 Scotland, for his rebellion, and put is lande in . . . Belyne 
 and Bren, sonnes of the said Dunwald, after the deth of 
 their fader, in subjection departed this reame betwene 
 them, so that Locryne shuld have the crowne of Logre, 
 Cambre, and Cornwayle, now called England, Wales, and 
 Cornwayle, and Bren, to reigne undre hym, shuld have 
 Albany, nowe called Scotland ; for it was the old custume 
 among Trojanes that the dignite of th' enheritaunce shuld 
 remayne alwey to the eldest sone. 
 
 In the tyme of king Arthur, Scottes besieged the citd 
 of Yorke, then being therin Howell, king of the Lesse 
 Bretayne, cousyn to king Arthur, and he with an hooste 
 cam thider and descomfited the Scottes, and chassed 
 theym into a marice, and there besieged they soo long till 
 they were almost famysshed. And then bisshoppes, ab- 
 bottes, and men of religion, forasmoch as they were 
 Christen people, besought the same king Arthur to take 
 
156 rnuDAL manuals of English history. 
 
 theym to his mercy and grace, and to graunte theym a 
 porcion of the same cuntr^ to dwell in under everlasting 
 subgection. The king, understanding their lamentacions, 
 moeved with pitie, toke theym to his grace. And ther- 
 upon they com to hym, and fell down before hym, and ded 
 hym homage and feault^ and were sworn his liegemen 
 and subjettes. And then ordeyned Angesell to be king 
 of Scottes. Also the said king Arthur, holding his royall 
 fest at CarHon, had there al the kinges that were subjettes 
 unto hym, among the which the said Angesell, king of 
 Scottes, ded his due service for the reame of Scoteland, 
 and bare king Arthur swerd before hym. 
 
 In the yere of cure Lord Jhesu Christ ix°- and oone, 
 Edward king of England, son to king Alvered, had under 
 his dominacion and obediens the kinges of Scottes, of 
 Humbre and Stretgle Waleys, as it appereth in Cronicles 
 writen by Marion, a Scotte, Roger of Hovyden, and Wil- 
 liam Malmesbury. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord ix°xxiij", the same king Edward 
 was president and gouvernour of all the people of England, 
 Cumberland, Scottes, Danes, and Bretons. 
 
 King Atheist one conquered Scotland, with many grete 
 batailles, and as he lay in his tente besides York, the king 
 of Scottes feyned him to be mynstreU, and harped before 
 king Athelstone, oonly to espye his ordenaunce, and his 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 157 
 
 people the same night com to the kinges oste, and slewe 
 Targe archebisshop of York, and all the people in his 
 company. The King had no wepon to defende hymself, 
 and prayed to God and to seynt Adelme of socour, which 
 by miracle toke him a swerd lq his hand, and therwith he 
 descounfited al the Scottes that night. Then ordeigned 
 king Athelstone, and made Constantyn king of Scottes to 
 reigne undre him, seyng that it was more glorioux and 
 worshipfuU to mak a king, then to be a king ; and after 
 his said victory, he yave due laude and thankes "to God 
 and to saint Johan of Beverley, and besought hertily that 
 by merite of the said saint Johan he might have som 
 knowelege and evident tokyn, by the which they that 
 were at that tyme, and also tho that shuld succede him, 
 might parfitly knowe if the king of Scottes, and the re- 
 belUous of Scotlond, ought to be subjettes to the reame of 
 England. After the which his devoute prayers, he sawe 
 rokkes besides a place called Dumbarre, and he drewe 
 oute his swerd, and smote into a stone, which yave place 
 irnto the swerd, and was made holowe by Goddes might 
 and vertu the lenght of an elne, which evidence and prouf 
 yet endureth unto this day, and is rehersed in the legende 
 of Saint Johan in the chiirche of Beverley for a perpetuall 
 memory. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord .ix-'xlvij. Eldrede, king of 
 
158 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 England and brother to king Adelstone, toke homage and 
 feanlt^ of Irisy king of Scottes, and Malcolm king of 
 Cumbreland did homage to king Edgare, and besides 
 theym twey had subjettes unto hym syx othre kinges, 
 that is to wit, Malcom king of the lies, Dunwald, Siferth, 
 Howel, Jacob, and Inkhill. The said king Edgare, sitting 
 in a barge and stering the same in a water called Dee, 
 made the said king to rowe the barge, and said, " My 
 successoures may be joyfull to have the prerogatif of so 
 gret worship, and to have in subgection the powair of so 
 many kinges." 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'xvij, Knute, king of England, 
 conquered and subdued in bataUl Malcolm, king of Scottes, 
 and toke of him homage and feault^. 
 
 In the yere of our Lord M'lvj., Saint Edward, king of 
 England, toke from Malcolm, king of Scottes, his lif and his 
 kingdom, and made Malcolm, son of the king of North- 
 umbreland, king of Scottes. 
 
 In the yere of our Lord M'lxviij. WUliam conquerouv, 
 king of England, vaiaquished in bataill at Albruch Malcolm, 
 king of Scottes, and toke of hym feaultie and homage. 
 
 Malcolm king of Scottes did also homage and feaultie 
 to William Eufus, king of England, which William Rufus 
 afterward deposed and put Dunwald from his kingdom of 
 Scotland, and for certain causes reasonnable and rightfull 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 159 
 
 made Duncan, son of Malcolm, king of Scotfces, and toke 
 of liym due homage and feaultie, in the yere of oure Lord 
 M"iiij'"' and xiij. And after that the same Duncan was 
 slayn. Then the said Dunwald usiu'ped the kingdom 
 ayene, but king William Eufas put hym out, and made 
 Edgars, the son of Malcolm, king of Scottes, which did to 
 hym his due service. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M' c, after the deth of king 
 William Rufus, succeded hym king Henry his brother, 
 and in the vij* yere of his r eigne the said king Edgare 
 died, and after hym reigned in Scotland Alexander, brother 
 to the said Edgare, by graunte and suffrance of the said 
 king Henry. 
 
 David, king of Scottes, did homage furst of al temporal 
 men of England to Mawde emperesse, doughter and heire 
 to the said king Henry. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'c.xxxvj., in the furst yere 
 of the reigne of king Stephyn, the said David, king of 
 Scottes, required to do his homage, wherunto he refused, 
 because he had doone it before tyme to the said Mawde 
 emperes. That notwithstanding, Henry, son of the said 
 David, did his homage to king Stephyn. 
 
 In the yere of oure [Lord] M'- cl. William, king of 
 Scottes, and David, his brother, and all the erles and barons 
 of the realme of Scotland, becom liegemen to Henry, king 
 
160 FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 of England, son of Henry the second, and did hym homage 
 and feaultie in the morne after his coronacion, saving the 
 feaultie that they ought to his fader lyving. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'.clxxv., and in the xx. 
 yere of the reign e of king Henry the second, the said king 
 William of Scotland rebelled, and com into Northumbre- 
 land, making grete warre and slaughter, wherfore the 
 knightes, gentilmen, and yemen of the counties of York 
 and Northumbreland assembled and toke the same king 
 William at Alnewik, and brought hym to king Henry into 
 Normandy, and thider went Richard, bisshop of Saint An- 
 drew, and other bisshopes and lordes for his delivraunce. 
 To whom he was delivred, and after that ther was made 
 a composicion and accord bitwixt the said kynges, which 
 composicion was with the grete seal of Scotland sealed, 
 and also with the seales of all the nobles and lordes of the 
 same realm e, conteigning that from thensforth they shuld 
 hold the reame of Scotland of the king of England, and 
 therto they did homage and feaultie. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'c. iiij"" and v., in the moneth 
 of August, at Carlile, Rouland Talnaten, lord of Galwey, 
 did homage and feaultie to the said king Henry, with al 
 that helde of hym. 
 
 In the xxij" yere of the reigne of king Henry the second, 
 Gylbert, son of Fergis, prince of Galwey, com into England, 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTOEY. 161 
 
 and did homage and feaultie to the said king Henry, and 
 leide Duncan his son in hostage for conservation of peax. 
 
 After the deceasse of king Henry the second, the said 
 William, king of Scottes, com to Canterbury, and in the 
 presence of Teobald, archebisshop there, he did homage 
 and feaultie to king Richard. 
 
 In the yere of cure Lord M'c.iiij'"'.xix. Johan, king of 
 England, sent to William, king of Scottes, to come and do 
 his homage, which William com to Lincoln in the moneth 
 of Decembre the same yere, and did his homage there 
 upone a hill in the presens of Hubert, archebisshope of 
 Canterbury, and of al the people there assembled, and 
 there he was sworne upone the crosse of the said Hubert ; 
 and also he graunted, and by his chartre conformed, that 
 he shuld mary Alexander his son, as his liegeman, alwey 
 to hold of the king of England, promitting also the same 
 king William that he and his son Alexander shuld kepe 
 and hold feith and allegeaunce to Henry son of the said 
 king Johan, as to theire chiefe lord, ayenst almaner men. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'cc.xvj., in the xxxv. yere 
 of the reigne of king Henry, son of king Johan, the same 
 king Henry and the quene were at York, at the fest of 
 Christmasse, for the solemnizacion of a mariage, made in 
 the fest of saint Stephyn the martir the same yere, be- 
 twene Alexander, king of Scottes, and Margaret, the kinges 
 
162 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOKY. 
 
 doughter, and there the same Alexander did homage to 
 the king of England. 
 
 In buUes of divers popes were monicions made to the 
 kinges of Scottes, that they shuld observe and truely kepe 
 suche appointementes as have ben made betwene the 
 kinges of England and of Scotland, and that the kinges of 
 Scotland shuld hold the reame of Scotland of the kinges of 
 England, upon peyn of curse and enterditing. 
 
 Also, there as William, king of Scottes, had put Johan 
 archebisshop of Saint Andrewe out of his bisshopriche, 
 pope Clement wrote to Henry, king of England, that he 
 shuld meove and enduce the same William, and, if nede 
 were, require, or ellis by royal powair compelle hym to 
 leve his rancour ayenst the said bisshope, and suffer hym 
 to occupie and holde his said bisshopriche. 
 
 In the yere of cure Lord M'cc. Ixxiiij. Edward, king of 
 England the furst after the conquest, was crowned at 
 Westmestir, in the fest of th' Assumpcion of cure Lady, 
 at which solempnite was Alexaunder, king of Scottes, 
 which did homage then to the said king Edward. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord n'ociiij^^ij, and in the xxj. 
 yere of the reigne of the said king Edward, Johan BalioU 
 was chosen king of Scotland, at Norham, by al the lordes 
 of Scotland spiritual and temporal and commons, and by 
 th' assent and suffraunce of the said king of England. He 
 
FEDDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 1G3 
 
 was crowned at Scone, and did his homage at Newcastell, 
 in the fest of saint Stephyn the martir, and there all the 
 lordes of Scotland sware feaultie to the said king Edward, 
 and every of theym set his seale to a composicion, made 
 in writing, to kepe true feith and obedience to the said 
 king Edward and to his heires, kinges of England, for 
 evermore, as to their chief lord of Scotlande. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'cc.iiij"xv. the same Johan, 
 king of Scottes, contrary to his feith and allegeaunce, re- 
 belled ayenst king Edward, and com into England, and 
 brent and slewe. Whempon king Edward, with a grete 
 hoste, went to NewcasteU upon Tyne, and passed the 
 water of Twede, and besieged Barwyk, and gate it, and 
 the castell of Dunbarre, and were slayn xv.^vij" Scottes, 
 and soo preceded furth, and gate the casteU of Rokys- 
 bargh, and the castelles of Geynburgh, Strynchyn, and 
 Godworth, and his people forreyde al the land. The same 
 Johan, king of Scottes, considering that he was not of 
 powair to withstande the said king Edward, sent his 
 lettres and besought hym of treatie and peax, which the 
 same king Edward benignely graunted, and sent unto hym 
 ayene that he shuld com to the towne of Brethyn, and 
 bring thider the grete lordes of Scotland. The king of 
 England sent thider Antony Beke, bisshop of Durham, 
 with his royall powair to conclude the said treatie, and 
 
164 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 tliere it was aggreed that the said king Johan and all the 
 Scottes shuld barely and clerely submitte theym self to 
 the kinges will, and that submission to be perfourmed, 
 the said king of Scottes leiede his son in hostage and 
 pledge, and therupone he made his lettres, sealed with 
 the comon seal of Scotland, by the which he knowleged his 
 symplenes and his grete offence doon to his lord Edward, 
 king of England, and so with his full powair and free will 
 yelded up all the land of Scotland, with all the people and 
 homages of the same. Then the said king Edward went 
 furthe to see the mounteyns, and he imderstanding that 
 all was in quiete and peax, turned to th' abbey of Scone, of 
 chanons regulers, where he toke the stone that is called 
 the regal of Scotlonde, upon the which the kinges of Scot- 
 land were wonte to sitt in the tyme of the coronacion for 
 a trone, and sent it at Westminstre, commaunding to make 
 a cheyre therof for prestos singing masses at the high 
 auter ; which cheyre was made, and standeth yet there 
 this day. 
 
 In the yere of cure Lord M'cc and xvj. the king helde 
 his parlement at Berwik, and there he toke homage sin- 
 glerly of all the lordes and nobles of Scotland, and for a 
 perpetuall memory of the same, they made theire lettres 
 patentes, sealed with their grete sealles, and than the king 
 of England made William Waren, erle of Surrey and Sus- 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTOEY. 165 
 
 sex, wardeyn of Scotland, Hugh of Cressingham tresorer, 
 and William Ormesby justice. And then sent he the king 
 of Scottes to the towre of London, and Johan Comyne, 
 th' erle of Badenanth, th' erle of Bohan, and othre lordes of 
 Scotland, to warde into divers places on this side the 
 Trente. And after that, in the yere of oure Lord 
 M'cc.iiij''''xvij., at the fest of Cristmas, the king called be- 
 fore hym the said Johan, king of Scottes, and all thoes 
 that he so had committed to warde, and saide that he 
 wold not distroye ner bren their castelles, townes, ner 
 landes, but he wold be recompensed for his costes and 
 dommages susteigned in his werre. Wherupbne the said 
 King Johan, and al other that were in warde, answered 
 and said that they hade nothing, for their lyves and deth 
 were in his handes, with their goodes. The king, upon 
 that answere, moeved with mercy and pit6, graunted 
 theym their lyves, so that they shuld doo their hommage 
 and feaulte ayene. And thenipone the said king Johan, 
 and all the other aforesaid, did hommage and made their 
 othes solemply at the high awter in the church of th' abbey 
 of Westmynster, upon the holy sacrement of oure Lordes 
 body, that they and every of theym shuld holde and kepe 
 true feith, obedience, and allegeaunce to the said king 
 Edward, and to his heires, kinges of England. And wher as 
 the said king of Scottes shuld see the kinges baner of 
 
166 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTOEY. 
 
 England displayed, lie and all his shulde drawe therto, 
 and that he ner none of his from thensforth shuld here 
 armes ayenst the said king of England, or any of his 
 bloode ; and soo the king rewarded with gift the said 
 king Johan and his lordes, and suffred theym to departe 
 into Scotland, whiche in their weye thiderwardes yma- 
 gined alwey howe they might oppresse the said king Ed- 
 ward, and to distroye his realme, and to come to their 
 propos the same Scottes sone after sent to the Frensh 
 king for his socour and helpe, which sent theym shippes 
 to Berwyk stuffed with men of armes, the said king of 
 England then being in Flandres. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord thousand two hundreth foure 
 score and eightene, the king went into Scotland with a 
 grete hoste, and the Scottes assembled in grete nombre 
 of men, with whom the king faught at Fawkirk on sainte 
 Mary Magdalene day, and there were slayne of the Scottes 
 party about Ix. M'., and their capten, called William Wa- 
 leys, flede, and afterward was taken, and hanged, drawen, 
 and quarterd at London. After that, the Scottes re- 
 belled ayene, and all the lordes of Scotland, whiche chose 
 Robert Bruys to be king, except oonly Johan Comyn, erle 
 of Carry ke, which wold not consent therto because of his 
 othe made to the king of England, and therfore the said 
 Robert Bruys slough hym at Dunfrise, and was crowned 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OP ENGLISH HISTORY. 167 
 
 at Saint Johans towne. Wherupon the king of England 
 assembled a grete hooste, and rode throughoute all Scot- 
 land, and discomfited Robert Bruys, and slewe the nombre 
 of viiij.M'- Scottes, or theraboutes, and suche lordes tem- 
 poral as were then taken they were put to deth, because 
 they were falsly forsworne. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'ccc.xix. king Edward the 
 seconde, with Thomas erle of Lancastre, and many othre 
 lordes and grete hooste, went into Scotland, aboute the 
 fest of sainte Mary Magdalene, to werre ayenst Robert 
 Bruys, king of Scottes, then denonced openly accursed 
 tliurgh all England by commaundement of the pope for 
 disobedience and broking of trewes that the pope hym- 
 self had set and ordeyned betwixt theym afore that tyme. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'ccc.xxvj. king Edward 
 the iij'* after the conquest, was crowned at Westmynster, 
 and in the v"" yere of his reigne, Edward BalioU, right 
 heir to the kingdom of Scotland, com and clayme it. 
 Then drewe to hym divers lordes and gentilmen which 
 had title to divers landes there, either by theym self or 
 by their wyfes. And the said BalioU and they went into 
 Scotland by the see, and landed to Kinghorne with iiij. 
 M' Englishmenne, and there they disconfited x. M' Scottes, 
 and slewe vij°, and then they went furth to Dunfermelyn, 
 wheras the Scottes assembled ayenst them xl.M'., and in 
 
168 FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 the fest of saint Laurens, at a place called Gastymore, 
 otherwise called Gladmore, were slayne on the Scotish 
 partie .v. erlis, xiij. barons, c.lx. knyghtes, ij. M' men of 
 armes, and many othre, soo that fewe of theym escaped. 
 And on th'English partie were slayn but xiiij. personnes. 
 
 In the vij"" yere of king Edwardes reigne, he assembled 
 a grete hooste, and come to Berwik upon Twede, and 
 leyde siege therto. And to hym com Edward BalioU, 
 king of Scottes, with a grete powair to strength and ayde 
 hym. The Scottes come oute of Scotland in .iiij. bateUes, 
 wele armed and arrayed. And the said kinges of England 
 and of Scotland in likewise ordred and sett their people 
 in .iiij. bateUes, and upon Holydonhille, beside the towne 
 of Berwik, mete thies two hostes, and there were dis- 
 confited of the Scottes .xxxv. M'. and vij. c, wherof were 
 slayne .viij. erles, M'.ccc. knightes and gentUmen. This 
 victory done, the king retourned to the towne of Berwyk, 
 and the towne with the castell was yelden up unto hym 
 withovit defense. 
 
 In the viij. yere of the said king Edwardes reigne of 
 England, Edward BalioU, king of Scotland, com to Newe 
 Castell upon Tyne, and there did his hommage to the 
 same king of England. 
 
 In the yere of oure Lord M'.ccc. xlvj. David Bruys, by 
 exhortacion of the Frensh king, rebelled and com into 
 
FEUDAL MANUALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 169 
 
 England with a grete hooste unto Nevelles Crosse, and 
 tharchebissliop of Yorke, with divers temporal lordes, 
 faught with theym, so as the said king of Scottes was 
 taken, and William erle Douglas and th'erle Moryf were 
 brought to Londone, and many othre lordes slayne ; which 
 David did homage also to Edward king of England. 
 
 In the .XXX. yere of the kinges reigne, and in the yere 
 of oure Lord M'ccclv. the Scottes wan the towne of 
 Berwyk, but not the castell. The king com thider with 
 a grete hooste, and anone the towiie was yelden without 
 any defense. Edward Balioll king of Scottes, considering 
 then that God did so many mervelous and gracious 
 thinges for king Edward of England, with his propre 
 voluntare wille gaf up the crowne and the reame of 
 Scotland to the said king of England, at Eokisburgh, by 
 his lettres patentes. And sone after the king of England, 
 in presence of all his lordes spirituall and temporall, lete 
 crowne hymself king there of the reame of Scotland, and 
 ordeigned al thing to his entent, and then com into 
 England. 
 
 James Steward, king of Scottes, was ayding and attend- 
 ing upon king Henry the v"" in his werres in Fraunce to 
 the day of his decesse, and the same James, with divers 
 other lordes, brought the bones of the same king Henry 
 to Westmynster. 
 
170 FEUDAL MANCALS OF ENGLISH HISTORY. 
 
 In the moneth of January, the jere of oure Lord 
 M'cccc.xxij., the foi"said James king of Scottes did homage 
 to king Henry the vj"' at Wyndesore, and in the jeve 
 next folloTving, in the moneth of Februaiy, the said 
 James Avedded dame Jane, doughter to Johan erle of 
 Somerset, in the church of saint Mary Overey in South- 
 werk. 
 
INDEX. 
 
173 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Abingdon, abbey of, founded, 133 
 Acal, king of the Danes, 130 . 
 Acre, city of, taken, 91 ; besieged 
 
 and taken by the Soldan of 
 
 Babylon, 104 
 
 Albany, the early name of Scot- 
 land, 154 
 Albemarle, Edward duke of, 60 
 Albion, the ancient name of Bri- 
 tain, 154 
 Alomund, or Ailmund, king of 
 
 Wessex, 1, 65 
 Alemaine, Henry de 35 
 
 Eiohard king of, 35, 86 
 
 Alexander king of Soots, 103, 159 
 Alfleda the Wise, daughter of king 
 Alfred, 7, 8, 44, 69, 70 
 
 daughter of king Edward, 
 
 8, 70 
 Alfonse, son of Edward I, 60, 103 
 Alfred, king, 3, 4 ; how he ruled 
 his kingdom, 5, 43, 68, 130 ; 
 how he divided his time, 6, 43, 
 68, 69 
 
 son of Edward the Elder, 131, 
 
 135 
 
 son of king Ethelred, 16, 41, 
 
 75, 134 
 Alice, countess of Normandy, 26, 
 
 54, 81 
 Alicia, daughter of Edward I, 147 
 
 Alienore, queen of Castille, 56, 84 
 
 of Brittany, 57, 84 
 
 de Montfort, 87 
 
 countess of Pembroke, 87 
 
 queen of Henry II, 88 
 
 daughter of Edward I, 60 
 
 Almaricus, king of Jerusalem, 89 
 Anaraud, Welsh prince, 133 
 Angesel, made king of Scots, 156 
 Anglesea, taken by Edward I, 148 
 Anjou, Eobert count of, 26, 81 
 
 Maude countess of, 82 
 
 WilUam count of, 80 
 
 Anlaf, king of the Danes, 132, 134 
 Anselm, St., 28, 82 
 Arragou, Peter king of, 103 
 Arundel, Henry earl of, 98 
 Arthur, king, 18, 51, 77, 125, 155 
 
 count of Britanny, 94 
 
 of Britanny, 31, 57, 84, 144 
 
 Asoredus, 131 
 
 Assingdon, battle of, 4, 42, 67 
 Athelstan, king, 8, 9, 44, 47, 70, 
 131, 132, 134, 156 
 
 Balioll, Edward, claims the king- 
 dom of Scotland, 167, 168 
 
 Balliol, John de, refuses his allegi- 
 ance to king Edward, 110; sub- 
 m its to Edward, 112; made king of 
 Scotland, 105, 162; his acknow- 
 ledgment of king Edward's su- 
 
174 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 periority over Scotland, 1 06, 163; 
 breaks his fidelity to Edward, 
 109, 163 
 
 Banu, Duifrai de, 60 
 
 Battle Abbey built, 26, 54, 80, 139 
 
 Baynard, William, 142 
 
 Beatrix, daughter of Henry III, 
 146 ; married to John count of 
 Britanny, 147 
 
 Beaumaris, the town and castle of, 
 built, 148 
 
 Beda, his History, 128 
 
 Bedford, Isabella countess of, daugh- 
 ter of Edward III, 150 
 
 John duke of, 152 
 
 Castle, taken, 97 
 
 Belyne, son of king Dunwald, 155 
 
 Berwick, besieged, 110; secured 
 by king Edward, 111 ; English 
 parliament held in, 112; taken 
 by the Scots, 115 ; by the Eng- 
 lish, 163; the parliament at, 164; 
 surrendered to Edward III, 168 
 
 Beverley, St. John of, 157 
 
 Bigoht, H., 100 
 
 Blanche, queen of France, 31, 57, 84 
 
 daughter of the king of 
 
 Castille, married to Louis of 
 France, 95 
 
 • daughterof Edwardlll, 151 
 
 Bohun, Humfrey de, 116 
 
 Bren, king of Albany, 165 
 
 Breus, Philippe de, 142 
 
 Brithric, king of Wessex, 1, 40, 65 
 
 Britanny, John count of, 147 
 
 Brotherton, Thomas de, son of Ed- 
 ward I, 117 
 
 Bruce, David, rebels against the king 
 of England, 113, 166, 168 
 
 Bruce, Eobert de, 121 ; his insurrec- 
 tion, 121, 166, 167 
 
 Brustwick, 120 
 
 Brutus, first king of Britain, 62, 154 
 
 Burgh (St. Edmundsbury) Abbey, 
 
 founded, 133 
 Hubert de, made earl of 
 
 Kent, 97 ; imprisoned, 97 
 
 Cadwaladrus, king of the Britons, 
 127 
 
 Cadwallo, king of the Britons, 127 
 
 Cadwanus, king of the Britons, 127 
 
 Caen, the monastery of founded by 
 William the Conqueror, 140 
 
 Csesar, Lucius, 125 
 
 Carnter, king of Wales, son of 
 Brutus, 154 
 
 Cambria, the early name of Wales, 
 154 
 
 Cambridge, Richard earl of, 1 5 1 , 1 52 
 
 Campania, Petrus de, 109 
 
 Canterbury churches built by St. 
 Augustine, 127 
 
 archbishop of, 98 ac- 
 cused to the pope, 121 
 
 Augustine archbishop of, 
 
 126 
 
 90 
 
 Boniface archbishop of, 
 
 St. Edmund archbishop 
 
 of, 98, 99 
 
 Elfey archbishop of, 135 
 Stephen Langton arch- 
 
 bishop, 96, 97 
 
 Thomas archbishop of, 
 
 30, 56, 83, 84, 89, 97, 143 
 
 Theobald archbishop of, 
 
 30, 33, 89, 90 
 
 Hubert archbishop of, 
 
 94, 161 
 
INDEX. 
 
 175 
 
 Canterbury, John de Peokham, arch- 
 bishop of, 106 
 
 Robertarchbishopof, 101 
 
 Robert de Winchelsea, 
 
 archbishop of, 106, 123, 124 
 
 Walter archbishop of, 124 
 
 Careticus, king of Britain, 126 
 Carleon, Arthur's court there, 156 
 Ceadwalla, king of Wessex, 128 
 CeciUe, abbess of Caen, daughter 
 of William the Conqueror, 27, 55 
 Cealwolf, king of Northumbria, 128 
 Charles the Bald, king of France, 
 2, 66 
 
 the Fair, king of France, 
 
 150 
 
 de Valois, king of France, 
 
 149, 150 
 Charlemagne, king of France, 1, 
 
 65, 71 
 Charter, the Magna Carta, con- 
 firmed, 114j of liberties and the 
 forest, confirmed, 117, 118 
 Chester, Ranulph earl of, 97 
 
 John Scott earl of, 98 
 
 Walter de Langton bishop 
 
 of, 109, 122 
 Chichester, John de Langton bishop 
 
 of, 120 
 Cirencester, John de Langton bishop 
 
 of, 122 
 Clare, Gilbert de, earl of Gloucester, 
 109 
 
 Roger de, 107 
 
 Clarence, John duke of, 152 
 
 Leonel duke of, 60, 151 
 
 Clergy, the, put out of the pro- 
 tection of the law by Edward I, 
 113 
 Coinage, changed in England, 99, 
 102; debased, 116 
 
 Cnut, king, 17, 18, 19, 51, 52, 75, 
 
 77, 135, 136 
 Comets, 118 
 Comyn, John, de Badenagh, slain 
 
 by Bruce, 121, 166 
 Conrad, son of the emperor Fre- 
 deric, 90 
 Constance countess of Britanny, 
 daughter of William the Con- 
 queror, 27, 55, 81 
 Constantine, the British king, 126 
 Constantyn, king of the Scots, 
 
 under king Athelstan, 157 
 Corney abbey, founded, 133 
 Cornwall, Edmund earl of, 103 
 
 Richard earl of, dies, 117 
 
 the county, falls to the 
 
 crown, 117 
 Couci, Isabele de, 60 
 Council, of London, 89, 101 
 
 at Lugdunum, 98, 101 
 
 at Locdon, 123 
 
 Coventry, Alexander bishop of, 98 
 
 Geoffrey bishop of, 96 
 
 W. de Cornubia, bishop 
 
 of, 96 
 
 Roger de Westham, 
 
 bishop of, 98, 99 
 
 William de Cornhill, 
 
 bishop of, 97 
 
 Alexander bishop of, 97 
 
 ■ the monks of, expelled, 
 
 91 ; the monks restored, 92 
 Cressingham, Hugh de, slain, 113 
 Hugh of, made trea- 
 surer of Scotland, 165 
 Cristine, daughter of Edmund Iron- 
 side, 18, 76 
 Crokesdene abbey, founded, 89 
 Currath, lord of Cyprus, 32, 57 
 Curthi, son of earl Godwin, 25 
 
17G 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Cyprus, taken, 32, 57, 85; king 
 of, 89 
 
 Damietta, taken, 32, 58, 85, 99 
 Danes, invaders of England, 10, 22, 
 42,49,66,69,129,131,132, 13i; 
 massaci-e of the, on St. Brice's 
 day, 134 
 Danegeld, 140 
 David, king of Scots, 159 
 
 prince of AY ales, 102 
 
 of Wales, his insurrection, 
 
 146, 148 
 Dechilde, Welsh prince, 132 
 Denmark, Philippa queen of, 152 
 Derby, William de Feirers, earl of, 
 
 99 
 Devises, castle of, 140 
 Devonshire, Margaret countess of, 
 
 152 
 Domesday book, origin of it, 139 
 Dover, attacked by the French, 108 
 Dublin, John de Sandford, arch- 
 bishop of, 107 
 ■ William de Hothum, arch- 
 bishop of, 116 
 
 Eichard Feringes, arch- 
 
 bishop of, 116 
 Dunbar, battle of, 112 
 Duncan, king of Scotland, 159 
 Dunstan, St., 11, 45, 46, 49, 72, 
 
 73, 133 
 Dunwald, king of Britain, 155 
 
 kingoftheScots,158,159 
 
 Durham, Eobertus de Insula, bishop 
 
 of, 103 
 
 Antonius Bekr, bishop of, 
 
 103 
 
 of, 123 
 
 Richard de Kellaue, bishop 
 
 Durham, Antony de Boke, bishop 
 of, 123 
 
 AutouyBeke,bishopof,163 
 
 Robert, bishop of, 153 
 
 Eclipses, 90 
 
 Edburga, St., 70 
 
 Edgai-, king, son of Edmund, 10, 
 
 12, 13, 46, 49, 73, 132, 133 
 
 king of Scots, 159 
 
 Ethelint;-, 18, 23, 25, 50, 76, 
 
 79, 136 
 Edith, St., 49, 73, 74, 133 
 Edinbm-gh, Edward I wintered at, 
 
 118 
 Edmund, St., 130, 131 
 Ironside, 16, 17, 49, 50, 
 
 75, 134, 135 
 
 son of Edmund Ironside, 
 
 18, 22, 23, 76 
 
 king, son of Edward, 8-10, 
 
 45, 71, 132 
 
 king, murdered at Glou- 
 
 cester, 135 
 
 prince, died, 115 
 
 son of Henry III, 59, 87, 
 
 146 
 
 earl of Kent, 60 
 
 Edred, king, son of king Edward, 
 
 8, 10, 11, 45, 72, 132 
 Edric, earl of Shrewsbury, 16, 17, 
 
 18, 49, 77; his death, 19, 75, 78 
 Edward the Martyr, king, 14; his 
 
 death, 15, 48, 73, 74, 133 
 the Confessor, king, 16, 17, 
 
 22, 23, 24, 50, 53, 54, 75, 79, 
 
 133, 137; his prophecy, 137, 138 
 the Elder, king, sou of 
 
 Alfred, 7, 8, 44, 69 
 
INDEX. 
 
 177 
 
 Edward the Exile, 135 
 
 — son of Edmund Ironside, 
 
 17, 18, 19, 131 
 
 I, king of England, 37, 59, 
 
 60, 87, 99, 101, U6, 147;' mar- 
 ries tie princess Margaret of 
 France, 116; his death, 122 
 
 II, 60, 118, 121, 122, 148, 
 
 149; marries Isabella of France, 
 122; made king, 123 
 
 Ill, 60, 123, 150, 167 
 
 prince of Wales, son of 
 
 Edward III, 150, 151 
 Edwin, king, 127 
 
 son of king Edward, 8, 9, 70 
 
 son of Edwin the Elder, 131 
 
 king, son of king Edmund, 
 
 10, 11, 12, 46, 72, 132 
 Edwolf (Ethelwolf), king, 129; 
 married the daughter of Charles 
 the Bald, 130 
 Egbert, king, 129 
 Edrida, daughter of king Edward, 
 
 8, 70 
 Ela, duchess of Blois, 37, 55, 83 
 Elena, daughter of Edward II 
 Eleonora,first queen of Edward 1,147 
 Elianora, queen of Edward I, died, 
 
 105 
 Eleonora, daughter of Edward I, 
 
 countess of Barz, 147 
 Elienora, queen of Castille, 31, 56 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Edward I, 
 married to the Count of Hol- 
 land, 113 
 Emma, daughter of Richard duke 
 
 of Normandy, 54, 80 
 England divided into five kingdoms, 
 64; verses in praise of it and 
 the English, 38, 63; petty king- 
 doms of, 39, 61 
 
 Ely, Hugo bishop of, 103 
 
 John de Kirkby, bishop of, 
 
 103, 104 
 
 William de Luda, bishop of, 
 
 104, 116 
 
 Heneus, bishop of, 142 
 
 Essex, kingdom of, 62 
 Estrilda, queen, stepmother of Ed- 
 ward the Martyr, 14, 74 
 Ethelbald, king, 3, 41, 66, 130 
 Ethelbert, king, 1, 2, 40, 65 
 
 king of Britain, baptized, 
 
 126, 127 
 
 son of Ethel wulf, 3, 41, 
 
 66, 130 
 Ethelred, king, son of Edgar, 15, 
 
 16, 49, 74, 133, 135 
 son of Ethelwolf, 3, 41, 
 
 66, 130 
 Etheiwold, converted by Birinus, 
 
 126 
 Ethelwolf, king of Wessex, 2, 41, 
 
 65 ; his gifts to the church, 2, 66 
 Ethilda, queen of France, 8, 44, 
 
 47, 70 
 En, Henry count of, 152 
 Evesham, battle of, 37, 101, 146 
 Exeter, Thomas duke of, son of 
 
 Edward III, 151 
 
 — St. Richard bishop of, 102 
 
 Eynaim, Welsh prince, 136 
 
 Falkirk, battle of, 166 
 Famine in England, 100, 108 
 Ferrars, John de, 114 
 
 William, de, 90 
 
 Feversham, abbey of, founded, 141 
 Fishing, the art of, invented by 
 
 bishop Wilfred, 128 
 Flanders submits to France, 117; 
 
 great battle in, gained against 
 
 A A 
 
178 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 the French, 118; truce with 
 
 France, 119; people of, banished 
 
 from England, 119 
 Flint castle, rebuilt, 146 
 Floods in England, 99, 103 
 France, Louis, king of, dies, 90 ; 
 
 king of, visits the shrine at 
 
 Canterbury, 90; war with, 106-7; 
 
 Philippe Auguste, king of, 91 ; 
 
 king of, taken by the pagans, 
 
 98 ; Philippe, king of, his death, 
 
 124 
 Frederic, the emperor, deposed, 98 ; 
 
 emperor of the Eomans, 90 
 Frideswide, St., at Oxford, 90 
 
 Galway, the prince of, did homage 
 
 to Henry II, 160 
 Gascony, the English defeated in, 
 
 108; restored to England, 119; 
 
 Edwai-d II does homage for, 122 
 Gaverstone, Peter de, 122, 123 
 Geoffrey, count of Britanny, 34, 
 
 56, 84, 88 
 Gladmore, in Scotland, battle of, 
 
 168 
 Glastonbury, abbey of, founded, 
 
 133 
 Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, earl 
 
 of, 104 
 
 Hunifrey duke of, 152 
 
 Joan countess of, 147 
 
 Richard earl of, 100 
 
 Thomas duke of, 60, 151 
 
 Godre, king of the Danes, 131 
 Godiva, daughter of Earl Godwin, 
 
 137 
 Godmund, king of the Affricans, 
 
 ravaged Britain, 1 26 
 Godwin, earl of Kent, 22, 137 
 Gregory, St., 52 
 
 Griffin, the Welsh prince, slain by 
 
 his subjects, 137, 140 
 Gruffin, Welsh chieftain, 148 
 Gualo, or WaUo, gave his name to 
 
 •the Welsh 
 Gurdun, Bertram de, kills king 
 
 Richard I, 92, 93 
 
 Halton, manor of, bought, 105 
 Halydonhill, battle of, 168 
 Hameldon, William de, 122 
 Hardeknut, 18, 21, 22, 52, 53, 77, 
 
 78, 136 
 Harold, king, son of earl Godwin, 
 25, 53, 80, 138 ; killed, 26, 54 
 
 Harefoot, 18, 21, 52, 77, 
 
 78, 136 
 Hasting, the Danish chief, 136 
 Hatfield, William of, son of Ed- 
 ward III, 150 
 Hawise, daughter of Richard duke 
 
 of Normandy, 54, 80 
 Hide abbey, 133 
 Hispalis, besieged by the Christians, 
 
 88 
 Holond, Elizabeth, daughter of Ed- 
 ward I, countess of, 147 
 Holland, Joan, princess of Wales, 60 
 
 Thomas, earl of Kent, 60 
 
 John, duke of Exeter, 60 
 
 Hotoft, Walter de, abbot of Thorn- 
 ton, 101, 104 
 Hoveden, Roger of, the historian, 
 
 156 
 Howel, king of Britany, 155 
 Howel Da, Welsh prince, 135 
 Humber, king, 155; the river, why 
 
 called, 155 
 Huntingdon, Anna countess of, 152 
 
 Elizabeth countess of, 
 
 151 
 
INDEX. 
 
 179 
 
 Henry I, of England, 20, 28, 55, 
 
 81, 82, 140 
 II, 20, 21, 29, 30, 51, 56, 
 
 77, 83, 84, 88, 141, 142 
 Ill, of England, 35, 36, 59, 
 
 86, 87, 89, 90, 96, 101, 145 
 
 IV, 151, 152 
 
 VI, 153 
 
 ■ le Clerk, son of William the 
 
 Conqueror, 27, 140 
 
 son of Edward I, 147 
 
 son of Henry II, 31, 56,81, 
 
 88, 143 
 
 son of Henry III, 146 
 
 Plantagenet, 51 
 
 son of Maude, 90 
 
 king of Scots, 159 
 
 duke of Saxony, 31, 84 
 
 duke of Normandy, 29 
 
 Hereford, built by Edward the 
 Elder, 131; burnt by the Welsh, 
 137 
 
 Hereford, Henry duke of, 60 
 
 earl of, 113, 114, 116 
 
 countess of, 120 
 
 . Elizabeth, daughter of Ed- 
 ward I, countess of, 147 
 
 Idwal, Welsh prince, 137 
 Idwal wyl, Welsh prince, 135 
 Inkelmore, turbary at, 119 
 Interdict, the, in England, 96 
 Ireland invaded by earl Eichard, 
 
 89 ; captured, 89 
 Isabelle duchess of, daugh- 
 ter of Edward III, 60 
 Isabelle the empress, daughter of 
 
 king John, 86 
 Isabella, queen, mother of Edward 
 II, 149, 150 
 
 Isabella, sister of Henry III, married 
 
 to Frederic the emperor, 98 
 Jews, banished from England, 104, 
 
 148 
 Joan, daughter of Edward I, 147 
 queen of Scotland, daughter 
 
 of Edward II, 149 
 queen of Spain, daughter of 
 
 Edward III, 150 
 
 daughter of Henry II, 89 
 
 daughter of Edward I, 104, 
 
 147 ; queen of Scotland, 60, 86 
 countess of Toulouse, 31, 56 
 
 John, king of England, 31, 34, 56, 
 58, 59, 86, 89, 92, 93, 94, 144 
 
 son of Henry III, 146 
 
 of Eltham, son of Edward II, 
 
 149 
 
 son of Edward III, 151 
 
 king of France, 149 
 
 the bishop, son of the duke 
 
 of Normandy, 26, 54, 81 
 
 Kanaan, Dyndeichos, Welsh prince, 
 130 
 
 Katherine, daughter of Henry III, 
 87, 146 
 
 Kenilworth castle besieged, 101 
 
 Kent, kingdom of, 62 
 
 Edmund earl of, son of Ed- 
 ward I, 60 
 
 Kilnese, manor of, let, 106 
 
 Lacy, Henry de, earl of Lincoln, 
 27, 105, 108, 123 
 
 Lewes, battle of, 100, 146 
 
 Lincoln, parliament at, 118; Ed- 
 ward I holds Christmas there, 
 with his court, 120 
 
 Oliver bishop of, 117 
 
180 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Liucolu, John de Milderby, bishop 
 
 of, 117 
 Lancaster castle, 91 
 Lancaster, John duke of, 60 
 John duke of, sou of Ed- 
 
 wai-d III, 151 
 
 Thomas of, 115, 116 
 
 Langton, John de, 116 
 Le Mareschal, William, 35, 87 
 Lefwin, son of earl Godwin, 25, 80 
 Lewelinus, Prince of Wales, 144, 
 
 146, 147; beheaded, 146 
 Lincoln, battle of, 97 ; bishops of, 
 
 88, 89, 95, 96, 99 
 
 Henry earl of, 121 
 
 bishop of, 117 
 
 Richard bishop of, 102 
 
 Oliver de Sutton, bishop 
 
 of, 102 
 
 Alexander archbishop of. 
 
 140 
 
 William de, abbot of Thorn- 
 ton, 101 
 Llewellyn, prince of Wales, 102 
 Locryne, king of Britain, 154, 
 
 155 
 Logre, England so called, 155 
 London, church of St. Paul built, 
 126 
 
 Richard bishop of, 119 
 
 Ralph de Baldolie, bishop 
 
 of, 119, 124 
 
 Gilbert de Segrave, arch- 
 
 bishop of, 124 
 
 Mellitus bishop of, 126 
 
 Henry de Wengham, bishop 
 
 ■ of, 100 
 Lothaire, king of Kent, 128 
 Louis king of Franco goes to Jeru- 
 salem, 88 
 le Hutiu, king of France, 150 
 
 Madoc, prince of Wales, 108 
 
 his insurrection in Wales, 1 48, 
 
 149 
 Malcolm, king of Scotland, 79 
 Malet, William, 142 
 Malmesbury, William of, the histo- 
 rian, 156 
 Manchester, Brother Hugh de, 115 
 Marche, la, earl and countess of, 60 
 
 kingdom of (Mercia), 61 
 
 March, Richard earl of, 152 
 Margarete, St., 18, 20, 51, 76, 79 
 Margaret, daughter of- Edward I, 
 104 
 
 daughter of Henry ITT, 
 
 146 ; mai-ried to the king of 
 Scots, 147 
 
 daughter of Edward III, 
 
 and queen of Scotland, 69 
 
 duchess of Brabant, 
 
 daughter of Edward I, 147 
 
 countess of Pembroke, 
 
 daughter of Edward III, 151 
 Marianus Scotus, the historian, 156 
 Marlborough castle, 91 
 Mai-eschal, Richard, slain in Ire- 
 laud, 98 
 Marshall, the earl, 114 
 Mary, duchess of Britany, daughter 
 
 of Edward III, 151 
 Matilda, queen of Henry II, 141 
 Maude, daughter of Henry I, 20, 
 
 61, 55, 76, 88, 141 
 daughter of Margaret and 
 
 of Malcolm of Scotland, 20, 23, 
 
 28, 51, 76, 82 
 
 the empress, 159 
 
 duchess of Saxony, 31, 66 
 
 Mauger archbishop of Rouen, 26, 
 
 64, 80, 81 
 Mcuevia, the city, 126 
 
INDEX. 
 
 181 
 
 Mervenbreth, Welsh prince, 132 
 Meuric, Welsh prince, 135 
 Middleton, William de, 103 
 Mont St. Michael in Cornwall, 91 
 Montfort, the brothers, 87 
 
 Simon de, 35, 37, 87 
 
 William de, dean of Loudon, 
 
 107 
 Mortain, Edmund earl of, 162 
 Mortimer, family, 60 
 John earl of, 91 
 
 Navarre, queen of, condemned of 
 
 adultery, 124 
 Normans, invaders of England, 10 
 Northampton taken, 100 
 Northumberland, kingdom of, 61 
 Norwich, William de Middleton, 
 
 bishop of, 103 
 Nottingham castle, 91 
 
 Offa, king, 128 
 
 Ormesby, William, made justice of 
 
 Scotland, 165 
 Oseg, king of Denmark, slain at 
 
 Assingdon, 4, 42, 67 
 Otho the emperor, 31, 84, 94 
 (}'Jniinv i -i"- - the legate, 98, 144 
 Oweyn, Welsh prince, 140 
 
 Goth, Welsh chieftain, 148 
 
 Oxford, provisions of, 100 
 
 Pembroke, Alianore countess of, 35, 
 
 86 
 
 Margaret countess of, 151 
 
 Philippa, queen of Portugal, 151, 
 
 152 
 Philippe, king of France, 33, 57, 
 
 84, 96, 103 
 king of France, sou of St. 
 
 Louis, 149 
 
 Philippe, son of Charles de Valois, 
 149 
 
 the Fair, king of France, 
 
 149 
 
 150 
 
 le Long, king of France, 
 
 Plantagenet, Geoffrey, married to 
 Maude the empress, 20, 51, 76 
 
 Ponte, Thomas de, abbot of Thorn- 
 ton, 104, 110 
 
 Pope Anastasius, 88 
 
 Eugenius, 88 
 
 Adrian, 89 
 
 Innocentius III, 94 
 
 Innocent IV, 98 
 
 Honorius, 103 
 
 Nicholaus IV, 103, 106 
 
 Celestine V, 107 
 
 Boniface VIII, 107, 119 
 
 Benedict, 119 
 
 Clement III, 120 
 
 Gregory, 126 
 
 . Sergius, 127 
 
 Martin, 131 
 
 Priests' wives prohibited, 141 
 Puslesdone, R. de, 108 
 
 Radel, Welsh prince, 133, 137 
 Raimond count of Toulouse, 31-34; 
 
 his death, 33, 84 
 Ramsey abbey, founded, 133 
 Reading abbey, founded, 142 
 Rees, prince of Wales, 103 
 Regmal, king of the Danes, 132 
 Resus, Welsh prince, 139, 141, 148 
 Richard I, Cceur de Lion, 31, 56, 
 
 57, 88, 90, 91, 93, 143 
 
 II, king of England, 60, 151 
 
 sanz Peur, son of William 
 
 duke of Normandy, 26, 54, 80 
 
182 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Richard IT, duke of Normandy, 26, 
 54, 80 
 
 III, duke of Normandy, 26, 
 
 54,81 
 
 son of William the Con- 
 
 queror, 27, 55, 81, 140 
 
 son of Henry III, 146 
 
 St., canonised, 100 
 
 Robert Courthose, son of William I, 
 
 81, 139, 140, 141 
 son of Richard II duke of 
 
 Normandy, 26, 54, 81 
 
 earl of Shrewsbury, 141 
 
 bishop of Lincoln, 89 
 
 de Caynet, bishop of Lin- 
 
 coln, 88 
 
 • archbishop of Rouen, 26, 
 
 54, 80 
 
 Rochester, Justus bishop of, 126 
 
 Rodri, Welsh prince, 148 
 
 Rodrimalitiauc, king of the Welsh, 
 129 
 
 Rodri vaur, Welsh prince, 133 
 
 Rollo, or Roland, first duke of Nor- 
 mandy, 26, 54, 80, 131 
 
 Roxburgh castle, in Scotland, taken, 
 163 
 
 Salisbury, Richard earl of, 153 
 
 Roger bishop of, 140 
 
 Scone, stone of the abbey of, 164 ; 
 brought to Westminster by Ed- 
 ward I, 
 Scotland, conquered by king Athel- 
 stan, 70, 156; kingdom of, given 
 to king Edward I, 105 ; peace 
 with, 120 ; subdued by William 
 the Conqueror, 139 ; invaded by 
 Edward I, 119, 166, 167; in- 
 vaded, 121 ; the king of, went 
 to spy king Athelstan in the dis- 
 
 guise of a minstrel, 156; Robert 
 Bruce, king of, 166 ; Alexander 
 king of, marries Margaret, daugh- 
 ter of Henry III, 99 ; Alexander, 
 king of, dies, 103 ; John king 
 of, 163; Satern king of, 155; 
 William king of, made prisoner 
 at Alnwick, 89 ; Joan queen of, 
 35, 60, 153 
 Scots, under the dominion of king 
 Edward, sou of king Alfred, 156; 
 invasion of the, 115; overcome 
 by William the Conqueror, 158; 
 subject to William Rufus, 158 ; 
 make war upon England in the 
 time of Henry II, 160; submit 
 to Edward 1, 119, 161, 163, 164 ; 
 did homage to the kings of Eng 
 land, 160, 161 ; do homage to 
 king Edward at Westminster, 
 165 ; submit to king Edward I 
 at Berwick, 164 ; Alexander king 
 of, present at the coronation of 
 Edward I of England, 1G2 ; John 
 king of, imprisoned in England, 
 165 ; Henry king of, 159 ; Mal- 
 colm king of, 158; William king 
 of, 161 
 Seyton, Magister R. de, 102 
 Shrewsbury, Robert earl of, 141 
 Somerset, John earl of, 151, 153 
 Spain, Catherine queen of, 151 
 St. Andrew's, John archbishop of, 
 162 
 
 Richard bishop of, 160 
 
 St. Giles, Raimund count of, 89 ; 
 
 marries the princess Joane, 92 
 Stafford, Anna countess of, daugh- 
 ter of Edward III, 153 
 Stephen, king of England, 21, 55, 
 77, 83, 88, 140, 141 
 
INDEX. 
 
 183 
 
 Stirling castle, held by the Scots, 
 
 189 
 Sussex, kingdom of, 61 
 Stanlaw abbey founded, 89 
 Swanford, Catherine, wife of Ed- 
 ward III, 151 
 Swain, Danish king of England, 18 
 Sweyn, king of the Danes, 134, 135, 
 139 
 
 Templars, condemned in France, 
 
 and accused in England, 122 
 
 ■ the order dissolved, 1 23 
 
 Theodorus, the Welsh prince, 137 
 Thornton, Edward I comes to the 
 
 abbey, 120 
 Thornton, Thomas abbot of, 119 
 
 Gilbert de, 109 
 
 Thwayt, wood of, 110 
 Tichill(?) castle, 91 
 Tiltey abbey founded, 88 
 Tosti, son of earl Godwin, 25, 29 
 Toulouse, Joan countess of, 84 
 
 Eaimund count of, 84 
 
 Truce between England and France, 
 
 115 
 Turbiyille, Thomas de, executed 
 
 for treason, 109 
 
 Verdun, Bertram de, 89 
 
 Wakez, Baldwinus, 102 
 
 Wales, reduced by king Athelstan, 
 9, 47, 70 ; subdued by Harold, 
 137 ; subdued by William the 
 Conqueror, 139; rebellion in, 
 103; invaded by Edward 1, 102, 
 107, 108 ; subdued by Edward 
 
 I, 146 ; Madoc's insurrection in, 
 148 ; Edward, son of Edward I, 
 made prince of, 149 ; Edward 
 prince of, son of Edward III, 60 
 
 Wallace, William, taken and exe- 
 cuted, 120 
 
 the Scottish patriot, his 
 
 fate, 166 
 
 Walter Tyi-el, 28, 81; war with 
 under Edward ll, 148 
 
 Warenne, Johannes de, 99 
 
 Warenne, John earl of, 121 
 
 Warren, William, earl of Surrey, 
 made warden of Scotland, 165 
 
 Weather, different effects of the, 
 88, 89, 99, 107, 113, 117, 119, 
 148, 150 
 
 Welsh, the, defeated, 108 ; re- 
 ceived their name from Wallo or 
 Gualo, 126, 127; their improved 
 condition, 152 
 
 Wessex, kingdom of, 61 
 
 Westminster abbey, burnt, 11 6 ; 
 founded, 137; the new work at, 
 36 ; chapter at, 115 
 
 Westmoreland, Joan countess of, 
 151 
 
 Weyland, Thomas de, 104 
 
 Wight, isle of, conquered by Cead- 
 walla, 128 
 
 Wilfred, bishop, taught the art of 
 fishing, 126 
 
 WiUiam the Conqueror, 25, 26, 53, 
 55, 80, 81, 129, 139, 140 
 
 Kufus, 27, 55, 81, 140, 158 
 
 count of Anjou, son of 
 
 Richard sanz peur, 54 
 
 son of Henry II, 31, 55, 
 
 56, 142 
 
 son of Henry III, 146 
 
 king of Scotland, made 
 
184 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 prisoner at Alnwick, 160 ; dis- 
 approved by pope Clement, 162 
 Longespe, son of KoUo, first 
 
 duke of Normandy, 26, 27, 54 
 theNorman.countof Gailan, 
 
 26,54 
 
 the Monk, son of Eichard 
 
 II, duke of Normandy, 26, 34 
 Winchester monastery founded, 
 131, 134 
 
 — Wilfred bishop of, 128 
 
 John bishop of, 121 
 
 Wine, price of, 94 
 Witham abbey founded, 90 
 Woodstock, Edmund, son of Ed- 
 ward I, 117, 118 
 Worcester, Godfrey bishop of, 118 
 
 William de Gainsborough 
 
 bishop of, 122 
 
 Walter Reginald bishop 
 
 of, 122, 124 
 Wulstan, St., 28, 82 
 Wykham, in Essex, built by Edward 
 
 the Elder, 131 
 
 Yago, Welsh prince, 139 
 
 Yngwar and Ubba, kings of the 
 Danes, 130 
 
 York, besieged by the Scots in 
 king Arthur's time, 165 
 
 York, Edmund duke of, 60 
 
 Edmund duke of, son of Ed- 
 ward in, 151 
 
 Edward duke of, 151 
 
 Richard duke of, 152 
 
 - Johannes Romanus archbishop 
 
 of, 103, 109 
 — Henry de Newark, archbishop 
 
 of, 109, 116, 117 
 
 Ralph archbishop of, 142 
 
 Roger archbishop of, dies, 90 
 
 -: — Roger archbishop of, 143 
 
 — Targe archbishop of, 157 
 
 — Thomas de Corbridge, arch- 
 bishop of, 117, 120 
 
 — W. le Gray, archbishop of, 100 
 William de Greenfield, arch- 
 
 bishop of, 120, 121 
 William de Wikewane, arch- 
 bishop of, 103 
 
 T. KICH/IBDS, 37, OIVKAT tjUEEN STREET, W.O.