'tWA dlocncll Hmugrattg Blibrarg Stlfata, JJm Inrk FROM THE BENNO LOEWY LIBRARY COLLECTED BY BENNO LOEWY 1854-1919 BEQUEATHED TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University Library 2721 .G95 + + '""'Mi«'imBiiMii'iI?3,".H?'i 3 treatise on biblio olin 3 1924 029 525 650 Overs The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029525650 THE ^ihtmmn^ JWantial; A Treatife on Bibliography, COMPRISING A SELECT AND DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORKS; TO WHICH ARE ADDED, ^feettf)e0 of ^ttblicfe Eiftrarie^. Illujlrated with Engravings. By REUBEN A. GUILD, A.M. Librarian of Brown Univerjity, Providence, R. I, " Non minima Pars eft Eru4itionis bonos nofle Libros." NE^rORK: CHARLES B. NORTON, AGENT FOR LIBRARIES. MDCCCLVIIL Entered according to Aft of Congrefs, in the Year 1858, by Charles B. Norton, In the Clerli's Office of the Diftrift Court of the United States for the Southern Diftrift of New York. Edition, 500. 10 Copies on large Paper. TO Professor CHARLES C. JEWETT, THE AccompUJhed Bibliographer and Scholar^ THIS WORK IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, AS A TOKEN OF LONG CONTINUED FRIENDSHIP, AND IN GRATEFUL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF VALUED ACADEMICK AND PROFESSIONAL INSTRUCTION. " If you are troubled with a Pride of Accuracy, and would have it completely taken out of you, print a Catalogue." — Stevens^ PREFACE. ;■," - -S -7"ll' ;:vj HE following Work has been un- S ~ dertaken with a View, afide from ;^\|^ perfonal Coniiderations, to the Improve- qS ■ i ':A^5 ment of our publick Libraries. ^S?^"^ The First Part confifts of a defcriptive Lift of four hundred and ninety-five feparate Works, comprifing nineteen hundred and fixteen Volumes of fuch bibliographical Books as are confidered to be of the firft Importance for a Library Apparatus. The Lift could eafily have been extended, had it been thought defirable to make it general and complete, rather than feledr, including fuch only as are regarded as indifpenfable to the Knowledge of Books, and to the efficient Growth and Manage- ment of a publick Library. The Second Part contains hiftorical Sketches of fourteen of the largeft Publick Libraries in this Country and in Europe. Efpecial Attention has been given to the Character and general Arrange- L 6 ] ments of the Libraries defcribed, and to detailed Accounts of the Buildings appropriated to their Ufe. The largeft Space has been given to the Britifh Mufeum, the Library of which is generally acknowledged to be the beft managed one of its Kind in the World. Appended to this Account is an Article compiled from the North Britifh Review, giving Details refpedting the daily Adminiftration of this noble CoUedlion, from which valuable Sug- geftions may be derived for the Management of fmaller Libraries, whether publick or private. The fpecial Acknowledgments of the Author are hereby made to Mr. John H. Hickcox, Affiftant Librarian of the New York State Library at Albany, for his generous Affiftance in reviiing and enlarging the Author's Account of faid Library ; grateful Acknowledgments are alfo made to the following Gentlemen, for recent Information in regard to other Libraries, viz : John L. Sibley, A. M. of Cambridge, Mafs.; Wm. F- Poole, A. M. of Bofton; Prof. Charles C, Jewett, of Roxbury ; Prof. George P. Fifher, of New Haven ; Jofeph G. Cogfwell, LL. D. of New York ; Lloyd P. Smith, Efq. of Philadelphia ; and Prof Wm. E. Jillfon, of Wafh- ington. [ 7 ] The Work has many Errours both of Omiffion and Commiffion ; thefe, however, a Work of this Character muft always have to a greater or lefs Extent. Conftituting as it does a Manual of Information, or rather the SOURCES of Informa- tion upon the moft important Points connected with the Increafe and Management of Libraries, and with Books in general, it is hereby fubmitted to the Publick, with the confident Hope that it may prove acceptable and ufeful. Brown Univerfity, May 4, 1858. LIST OF ENGRAVINGS. LIBRARY EDIFICES. Page. 1. Library of Harvard Univerfity, . . . .119 2. Yak College Library, . . . . • 128 3. Library of Brown Univerfity, . . . -137 4. Philadelphia and Loganian Libraries, . . . 149 5. Bojlon Athenaeum, 161 6. Capitol at Wajhington, 169 7. Smithjbnian Injlitution at Wajhington, . . -173 8. AJlor Library at New York, . . . . 185 9. Interiour of the AJlor Library, ..... 199 10. Publick Library of Bojlon, .... 200 11. Redwood Library at Newport, .... 217 12. Frankfort City Library, 227 13. Royal Library at Munich, ..... 228 14. Imperial Library at St. Peterjburg, . . . 234 15. Royal Library at Berlin, ..... 242 16. Britijh Mujeum, ... . . 246 CONTENTS. PART FIRST. BIBLIOGRAPHY. Page, XNTRODUCTION, . . . . . 3 tO 8 -'"Descriptive List, . . . . 9 " 114 I. Books containing Lijls of bibliographical Works, 9 " II II. Elementary Bibliographies, . . . 11 " 13 III. The Origin and Progrejs of Writing, Manu- jcripts and Diplomaticks, Monograms and Autographs, Materials for Writing or Printing, Engraving on Wood, Cop- per, &c., 14 " 22 1. Writing, . . . ,~ 14 2. Manujcripts and Diplomaticks, . 16 3. Monograms and Autographs, . 18 4. Materials for Writing or Printing, 18 5. Engraving on Copper, Wood, Stone, &c., ... 19 IV. The Origin and Progrefs of Printing, early printed Books, and Book Binding, . 22 " 31 1. Printing and early printed Books, 22 2. Book Binding, ... 30 V. Rare, Anonymous, Pjeudonymous, and Pro- hibited Books, 31 " 40 1. Rare, " ' ' * 31 2. Anonymous and Pjeudonymous, 37 3. Prohibited, . . • " 39 VI. ClaJ[Jification of Books, and Management of Libraries, or Library Economy, . , 40 " 46 L 1° ] VII. Library Edifices, and Hijtory and Statijlicks of Libraries, . • ■ . ' VIII. Oriental and ClajQlcal Languages, IX. Bibliography of Modern Nations, or National Bibliography, ..... 1. America, .... 2. Great Britain, . • . . 3. France, .... 4. Germany, .... 5- Italy, 6. Spain, Portugal and Northern Eu- rope, . . X. General Bibliographies, XI. Bibliography of Particular Sciences and Branches of Literature, or Special Biblio- graphies, ..... XII. Biographical DiSionaries, XIII. Bibliographical Periodicals, PART SECOND. LIBRARIES. 'age 46 51 51 55 55 55 62 a 86 71 75 79 82 86 i( 95 95 105 105 no no a 114 Introduction, . . . . . 117 to 118 t. Library of Harvard Univerjity, 119 " 127 2. Yale College Library, . . . . 128 " 136 3- Library of Brown Univerjity, 137 " 148 4- Library Company of Philadelphia, and the Lo- ganian Library, . . . . . 149 " 160 5- Bojlon Athenseum, ..... 161 " 168 6. Library of Congrejs, . . . . , 169 " 173 7- State Library at Albany, 174 " 184 8. AJtor Library at New York, 185 " 199 9- Publick Library of Bojlon, 200 " 217 10. Imperial Library at Paris, . . . . 218 " 227 II. Royal Library at Munich, 228 " 233 12. Imperial Library at St. Peterjburg, 234 " 242 13- Royal Library at Berlin, 243 " 246 14. Library of the Britijh Mufeum, . 247 " 287 PART FIRST. BIBLIO GRAPHY " In eftimating the Importance of the Study of Biblio- graphy, we muft conlider how much it would promote the Progrefs of Learning, by fhowing what has been attempted and accomplifhed, and what yet remains to be achieved ; how much by rebuking the Ralhnefs which ruihes into Authorlhip, ignorant of what others have writ- ten, adding to the Mafs of Boolcs without adding to the Sum of Knowledge ; how much, by giving Confidence to the earneft Student, who fears no Labour, fo that it bring him to the Height at which he aims — the Summit of Learning in the Branch to which he devotes him- BIBLIOGRAPHY. J> IBLIOGRAPHY, from Bi^x«ov, a Book, "^^ and ypaipw, I defcribe, fignifies literally the Defcription of Books. Among the Greeks, the Term Bi^Xioypatpia fignified only the Writing or Tranfcription of Books; and a Bibliographer with them was merely a Writer of Books, in the Senfe of a Copyiil. The French Term Bibliographie was long ufed to'fignify only an Acquaintance with ancient Writ- ings, and with the Art of deciphering them. In its modern and more extended Senfe, Bibliography may be defined to be the Science or Knowledge OF Books, in regard to the Materials of which they are compofed, — 'their different Degrees of Rarity, Curiofity, reputed or real Value, — the [4l Subjeds difcufled by their refpeftive Authours, — and the Rank which they ought to hold in the Claffification of a Library. It is therefore divided into two Branches, the firft of which has Reference to the Contents of Books, and may be termed, for Want of a better Phrafe, Intel- lectual BibHography ; the fecond treats of their external Charadler, the Hiftory of particular Copies, Editions, &c. and may be termed Material Bibliography. The Objed: of the firft Kind is to acquaint literary Men with the moft important Books in every Department of Study, either by Means of Classed Catalogues fimply, or by fimilar or alphabetical Catalogues, accompanied by critical and bibliographical Remarks. This Species of Knowledge has been cultivated moft thoroughly and fuccefsfuUy in Italy, Germany, and France, to which Countries, and efpecially to the latter, we are indebted for the moft popular and ufeful Treatifes in Bibliography. This is un- doubtedly owing in a great Meafure to the free Accefs which is allowed the Publick to all their large Libraries, the great Number of fine private Colledtions, and the Familiarity of their Scholars and literary Men with Books of all Ages and Coun- tries. The Refearches of Barbier and Brunet, \ 5 EbErt and Ersch, Tiraboschi and Gamba, will ever be held in grateful Remembrance by all Lovei's of Learning. In Great Britain Bibliography as a Science has received lefs Attention than upon the Continent} although valuable Works have been produced by HoRNE and Lowndes, Dibdin and Watt, which will compare favourably with thofe of their European Contemporaries. In this Country the Science has been very naturally negled:ed. Owing however to the general Diffufion of Knowledge and Wealth, and the rapid Formation and Increafe of Libraries of every Defcription, it is now receiving increafed Attention ; and the Importance of its Claims as a praBical Science are fuccefsfully urged upon the Publick by our leading literary and educational Men. Already we have Bibliographers, fuch as Cogswell, and Ticknor, and Jewett, whofe profeffional Attainments are known and appreciated even in the older Countries. It is the Fault of many of the Votaries of this Science, efpecially in France, that they have exag- gerated the Value of their favourite Purfuit, far beyond that Rank to which it is fairly entitled in the Scale of human Knowledge ; and Peignot, Achard, and others (whofe Writings are noticed in [6 J the Courfe of this Treatife) have reprefented it as one of the moft extenfive, and even univerfal of all Sciences. Nothing certainly can be more abiurd than to view it in this Light, merely becaufe it treats of Books, and becaufe Books are the Ve- hicles of all Sorts of Knowledge. Yet this is the only Foundation to be difcovered for thefe extra- vagant Reprefentations, that tend, as in all other Cafes of exaggerated Pretenfion, to bring Ridicule upon a Subjed:, which, were its Nature and Objefts corredtly defined, could not fail to appear highly important and ufeful. Conformably to what has now been ftated, it is the Province of the Bibliographer to be acquainted with the Materials of which Books are compofed, their different Forms or Sizes, the Number of Pages, the typographical Charadler, the Number and Defcription of the Plates, the Completenefs, the Corredlnefs, and all the other external Pecu- liarities or Diftindlions of an Edition. He knows not only the beft Treatifes that have been written on any particular Topick, and their comparative Value, but alfo the various Editions of Books, and the important Refpedls in which one Edition differs from another; when and from what Caufe OmilTions have been made, Deficisncies fupphed, Errours cor- [7 ] reded, and Additions fubjoined. When Books have been pubHlhed either anonymoufly or pfeu- donymoufly, he indicates the real Name of the concealed Authour ; and, with regard to the Rarity of Books, he is acquainted with all the Caufes which have contributed to render them fcarce. Finally, as a Library deflitute of Arrangement is a " Chaos, and not a Cofmos," he difpofes the Books which it comprifes, in fuch an Order, as will pre- fent an agreeable Appearance to the Eye ; and, in compiling a Catalogue, he affigns to them that Place which they ought to hold in the Syftem of Claffification adopted for arranging a Library. Such are the legitimate Duties of the Biblio- grapher, evidently requiring a Variety and Extent of Knowledge, feldom if ever poflefTed by a fingle Individual. Hence different Writers have difcuffed particular Topicks of Bibliography ; and from their united Labours can be colledled the multifarious In- formation requifite to conftitute fuch a Biblio- grapher as has been defcribed. A Colledlion of all the Works of this Kind extant, including General and Special Bibliography, Literary Hiftory, and a certain Clafs of Periodicals and Univerfal Biography, would, it has been eftimated, exceed twenty thoufand Volumes. Indeed Namur in his [ 8 1 Bibliographie, publifhed in 1838, gives a Lift of upwards of ten thoufand feparate Works. We propofe in the further Progrefs of this Treatife, to give a Select List of the heft Sources of Information, fo far as we are acquainted, upon the moft important Branches of BibHography, arrang- ing them in alphabetical Order under their appro- priate Heads, and adding fuch Defcriptions and explanatory Remarks, as may feem beft calculated to render the whole a ufeful Manual or Guide for Inquirers in this Department of Knowledge. DESCRIPTIVE LIST. I. Books containing Lijis of Bibliographical Works. COGSWELL (J. G.). Alphabetical Index to the Aftor Library, or Catalogue, with fhort Titles, of the Books now coUedted and of the propofed Acceffions, as fubmitted to the Truftees of the Library for their Approval. Jan, 1 85 1. 8°. New York. 1851. Compiled by the Superintendent to ferve as a Guide in coUefting Books for the Aftor Library. Prefixed is a clafled Lift of Works upon Bibliography occupying 30 Pages. The Department of Bibliography in the Aftor Library, has been founded by Dr. Cogfwell, and continued at his Expenfe. It is far more complete than any Colleftion of the Kind in the Country. The Lift gives fhort Titles merely, without Dates. Namur (M. p.). Bibliographie Paleographico- Diplomatico-Bibliologique Generale, ou Reper- toire Syftematique, &;c. 2 Vols. 8°. Liege. 1838. Giving the Titles of 10,236 feparate Works relating to Paleography or Writing, Diplomaticks or Manufcripts, the Hiftory of Printing and the Book Trade, Bibliography, the Hiftory of Libraries, Notices of Pe- C [ ^o ] riodicals, &c. No Work extant contains Co complete a Lift of this Oafs of Books. The Titles however are frequently inaccurate, and the Defcriptions are few and exceedingly meagre. The fyftematick and alphabetical Indexes at the End of each Volume greatly enhance the Value of the Work. Peignot (Gabriel). Repertoire Bibliographique Univerfel ; contenant la Notice raifonne des Bibliographies fpeciales, &c. &c. 8°. Paris. 1812. Peignot is one of the ahleft of French Bibliographers, and by his various Writings, has contributed moft eflentially to the Illuftration of the Study of Bibliography. This elaborate Work, not only gives an in- ftruftive Account of fpecial Bibliographies publifhed in his Day, but alfo an Account of a great Number of other Works upon Bibliography in its various Branches, Literary Hiftory, &c. See alfo Bohn's Genera/ Catalogue, Vol, I, S'*. Lond. 1847, pp. 409-441 ; Horne's lntrodu5iion to the Study of Bibliography, Vol. II. pp. 403—742 ; Brunet's Manuel du Libraire, Vol. V. ; and Petz- holdt's Anzeiger fur Bibliographie und Biblio- thekwijfenfchaft, a very important bibliographical Periodical, commenced in 1840, and publifhed monthly at Drefden, making annually an odavo Volume. A complete Lift of all the bibliographical Works which have been publifhed in any Language down to the prefentTime, with full defcriptive Notes in Englifh, v^^ould do much towards the more general Cultivation of the Science among us. The Pre- paration of fuchaLift v^as commenced by Prof. C. C. Jewett, while Librarian of the Smithfonian Inftitution at Wafhington. No one is better quali- [ ^I ] fied than he for an Undertaking of this Charadler, and it is earneftly hoped that his prefent multifarious and important Duties may not interfere with its ultimate and fuccefsful Accomplifhment. In the Number of the Anzeiger for May, 1857, Dr. Petzholdt announces a Work which he has in Preparation, entitled Bibliotheca Bibliographic a, Bibliographifches Handbuch fur Deutfchland. This is intended to be a Work like Peignot's or Namur's, continued to the lateft Dates, and en- riched with critical and bibliographical Notes. It will undoubtedly be executed well and promptly. //. Elementary Bibliographies. UNDER this Head, we defign to point out a few of thofe Works more particularly worthy of Notice, which treat generally of all Matters appertaining to Bibliography. It is a Matter of Regret that no Book prefenting a well- written, judicious, and comprehenfive Digeft of thefe Matters, has been recently publifhed. The fol- lowing, however, contain much curious and ufeful Information. AcHARD (C. F.). Cours Elementaire de Biblio- graphic. 3 Vols. 80. Marfeille. 1806-7. The moll ufeful Part of this Work, is the Colleftion of the different Syftems recommended by De Bure, Peignot, Barbier, and others, for the Claffifying of Books. We learn from the Introduftion, that M. Francis DE NEUFCHaTEAU, when Minifter of the Interiour, ordered the Librarians [ 12 ] of" all the Departments to deliver Letturcs on Bibliography ; but that the Plan failed, thefe Librarians having been found incapable of prelefting upon their Vocation. BouLARD (M. S.). Traite Elementaire de Biblio- graphic. 8°. Paris. 1806. This Work difcuflcs the Qualifications of Bibliographers, the principal Works of which a Library ought to confift, the Rarity and Depreciation of Books, the Choice of Books and Editions, the Invention of Printing, the Formation of a Library, Manufcripts, &c. &c. Denis (Michael). Einleitung in die Biicherkunde. 2^ Ed. 2 Vols. 4. Wien. 1795-6. This Work, although like every other of Denis greatly efteemed in Europe, has never been tranflated from the German. It embodies the Subftance of a Courle of academical Leftures delivered by the Authour upon the Hiftory of Literature, as well as upon the Subllances, Forms and Claffification of Books. Denis (F.) and Pincon (P.). Nouveau Manuel de Bibliographie Univerfelle. 8". Paris. 1857. One of the Manueh Roret. DiBDiN (T. F.). Bibliographical Decameron ; or Ten Days' pleafant Difcourfe upon Illuminated Manufcripts, and Subjed:s conneded with early Engraving, Typography and Bibliography. 3 Vols. Royal 8". London. 1817. Elegantly printed, and embelliflied with many fine Engravings. It is now exceedingly fcarce, and too dear for ordinary Purchafers. The Authour was an Enthufiaft in this Department of Learning, and his numer- ous Publications are indifpenfable to the bibliographical Student. FoRTiA d' Urban. Nouveau Syfteme Alphabetique de Bibliographie Alphabetique. 12°. Paris. 1822. [ ^3 1 HoR-NE (T. H.). An Introdudtion to the Study of Bibliography ; to which is prefixed a Memoir on the Pubhck Libraries of the Antients. lUuftrated with Engravings. 2 Vols. 8". London. 18 14. The moll ufeful Book of the Kind that has been publifhed in the Eng- lilh Language, and to which we are greatly indebted in the Preparation of this Work. It comprifes a fummary Account of the Materials ufed for Writing in all Ages and Countries, the Origin and Progrefs of Printing, Remarks on the Forms of Books, different Styles of Binding, the Knowledge of Books, and the Caufes of their relative Value and Scarcity, the Prin- ciples which Ihould govern in the Arrangement and Claffificadon of a Library, &c. &c. The moft extenfive Divilion of the Work is appro- priated to a Notice of the principal Writers who have treated on the different Branches of Bibliography. It contains the fulleft Account that we have ever feen of Catalogues of Libraries both Britifli and foreign. The Specimens of early Typography, and of the Vignettes and Mono- grams of the early Printers, ai-e neatly executed. A new Edidon of this Work, incorporating the Suggeftions and Improvements of a later Period, is gready needed. MoRTiLLARO (Vinccnzo). Studio Bibliographico. 2d Ed. 8°. Palermo. 1832. Peignot (.Gabriel). Didtionnaire Raifonne de Bibliologie. (With Supplement). 3 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1802-4. Containing ift. An Explanation of Terms relative to Bibliography, Typography, the Languages, Archives, Manufcripts, Medals, Antiquities, &c. 2d. Detailed hiftorical Notices of the principal Libraries, ancient and modern, the different Sefts of Philofophers, the moft celebrated Printers, and BibUographers, including a Lift of their Works. 3d. An Explanation of the different bibliographical Syftems, &c. Peignot alfo publilhed in 1800 an odlavo Volume upon the Knowledge of Books, their Forms, Editions, &c. &c., called Manuel Bibliographique ; ou EJfai fur les Bibliotheques Anciennes et Modernes, etc., which may properly be re- garded as an elementary Work. [ H ] ///. The Origin and Progrefs of Writings Manufcripts and Diplomaticks, Mono- grams and Autographs, Materials for Writing or Printing, Engraving on Wood, Copper, Stone, THE Subjedts belonging to this Sedion have furnifhed Topicks for much elaborate Re- fearch, and fome of them for Speculations and Difputes not yet brought to any fatisfa6lory Conclufion. Our Objedl in this Work is to in- dicate the Inquiries which belong to the different Departments of Bibliography, together with fome of the beft Guides to Information upon each, leav- ing the Difcuflion of the Topicks themfelves to feparate and more extended Articles in their appro- priate Places in Encyclopedias like the Britannica, Metropolitan, or New American, now. being pub- lifhed in New York by the Appletons. I . Writing. AsTLE (Thomas). The Origin and Progrefs of Writing, as well hieroglyphick as elementary. Illuftrated by Engravings, z^ Ed. 4°, London. 1803. " The completeft Work on the Subjeft of Writing extant in this or any other Language." — Home. The Chapters on Tranfcribers and Illuminators, and the Inftruments, Inks, and other Matters, which they [ 15 ] made Ufe of in their Operations, will be found efpecially intercfting to the Bibliographer. A third Edition has been recently publiflied in London, by Rowe, in one Volume, royal quarto. Champollion-Figeac (J. J.). Precis du Syfteme Hieroglyphique des Anciens Egyptiens, ou Re- cherches fur les Elements premiers de cette Ecriture Sacree, avec Planches. 2^ Ed, Royal 8°. Paris. 1828. Dearborn (N. S.). The American Text Book for Letters, with Copious Remarks on the vari- ous Letters now in Ufe, together with the moft Corredt Method of producing them with the ' Pen, Brufh, Chifel, or Graver. Oblong 8*^. Bofton. 1858. This is the fecond Edition of an important Work, giving the various Styles of Letters now in Ufe on plain or ornamental Printing, Engraving, or Sign Painting, fuch as Block Letters, German Text, Square Text, Open Flower Leaf, Roman Letters, Ornamented or Illuminated Capitals, Writing Print Letters, &c. A large Number of Styles are given, all of them beaudfully and accurately defigned and executed. FoRTiA d' Urban (Le Marquis de). EfTai fur rOrigine de I'Ecriture, fur fon Introdudtion dans la Grece, et fon Ufage jufqu'au Temps d'Homere. 8°. Paris. 1832. Fry (Edmund). Pantographia; containing accurate Copies of all the known Alphabets in the World, together with an Englifh Explanation of the Force or Power of each Letter. Royal 8°. London. 1799- This highly interefling Work, fays Home, is the Refult of fixteen [ i6 ] Years' Refearch ; the Specimens of Charafters are executed with great Neatnefs. SiLVESTRE (J. B.). Paleographie Univerfelle. Col- ledlion de Fac-Simile d'Ecritures de tous les Peuples, et tous les Temps, etc., et accompagne d' Explications hiftoriques et defcriptives par M. M. Champollion-Figeac et Aime ChampoUion Fils. 4 Vols. Folio. Paris. 1839-41. " Ouvrage capital, execute avec le plus grand Luxe." — Brunei . Wailly (M. N. de). Elements de Paleographie, * 2 Vols. Royal 4°. Paris. 1838. A very handfomely printed Work of 1168 Pages. The fecond Vol- ume contains Plates and a copious general Index. 2. Manuscripts and Diplomaticks. Delandine (A. F.). Manufcrits de la Bibliotheque de Lyon. Precedes d'un Eflai hiftorique fur leg Manufcrits en general, avec une Bibliographie fpeciale des Catalogues qui les ont decrits. 3 Vols. 8°. Lyon. 1812. Ebert (F- a.). Zur Handfchriftenkunde. 2 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1825-7. Humphreys (H. N.). The Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages ; an Account of the Develop- ment and Progrefs of the Art of Illumination, as a diftind: Branch of Piftorial Ornamentation, &c. lUuftrated by a Series of Examples, of the Size of the Originals, by Owen Jones. Folio. London. 1849. a fplendid and coftly Work. [ 17 J Langlois (E. H). Effai iur Calligraphic 4e5 Manufcrits du Moyen-Age, et fur les Ornements des premiers Livres d'Heures imprimes. Royal 8^ Rouen. 1841. Mabillon (Jean), De Re Diplomatica Libri VI ; cum Supplemento. 3d Ed. 2 Vols. Folio. (Fine Plates). Neapoli. 1789. MoNTFAucoN (Dom. Bernard de). Bibliotheca Bibliothecarum Manufcrjptorum nova. 2 Vols. Folio. Paris. 1739. This is a Catalogue of all the Manufcripts of which the Author, one of the moll diftinguiflied Savans of the i8th Century, could obtain any K-nowledge, during forty Years of affiduous Refearch in the principal Libraries qf Europe. The Manufcripts in the various Libraries are arranged in Qlafles feparately. Each Volume has a complete Index. Nouveau Traite de Diplomatique. Par deujf Re- ligieux Benedicftines, de la Cong, de S. Maur. 6 Vols. 4°. Paris. 1750. The Authors of this highly efteemed work were M. M. Touftain and Xaffin. The third Volume contains a moft copious Lift of the Abbrevia- tions occurring in ancient Writings. Vaines (Dom. De). Didtionnaire Raifonne de Diplornatique. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1774, The Defign of the learned Author, fays Home, was to feleft and con- centrate within the Compafs of two Volumes, the Refearches of all the moft celebrated Writers on the Diplomatick Art. This Objeft is moft happily accompliftied ; and to thofc who have not the Means of procur- ing t}ie large and coftly Volumes of Mabillon, Montfaucon, Maffei, and other Writers on the Subjeft, the Work of M. De Vaines is invaluable. The Plates, thirty-five in Number, faithfully exhibit the various Modes of Writing in different Ages and Nations. D [ i8 ] 3. M0N0GIi,AMS AND AUTOGRAPHS. Brulliot (Fran9ois). Didlionnaire des Mono- grammes, Marques Figurees, Lettres Initials, Noms Abreges, etc., avec lefquels les Peintres, Deffinateurs, Graveurs, et Sculpteurs ont defigne leursNoms. 2^ Ed. 3 Pts. 4". Munich, 1832-4. " Ouvrage tres important." — Brunei. Fontaine (P. J.). Des Colledjons des Auto- graphes et de I'Utilite qu'on peut en retirer. 8°. Paris. 1834. Fontaine (P. J.). Manuel de I'Auteur des Autographes. 8°. Paris. 1836. Ifographie des Hommes celebres, ou CoUedlion de Fac-Simile de Lettres autographes et de Signa- tures ; publiee par MM. Berard, Chateaugiron, Duchefne, et Fremifot. 4 Vols. Large 4°. Paris. 1843. Peignot (Gabriel). Recherches hiftoriques et bibliographiques fur les Autographes et fur I'Autographie. 8°. Dijon. 1836. 4. Materials for Writing or Printing. Koops (Matthias.) Hiftorical Account of the Subftances which have been ufed to defcribe Events and to convey Ideas, from the earlieft Date to the Invention of Paper. 8°. London, 1801. [ ^9 ] Le Normand (L. S.). Manuel du Fabricant de Papiers, etc. (with Plates). 2 Vols. 12°. Paris. 1834. Peignot (Gabriel). Effai fur I'Hiftoire du Par- chemin et du Velin. 8°. Paris. 18 12. Savage (William). Treatife on the Preparation of Printing Ink of various Colours. 8°. London. 1832. Publifhed by Longman at £2 2s. Taylor (Ifaac). Hiftory of the Tranfmiffion of Ancient Books to Modern Times ; or, a concife Account of the Means by w^hich the Genuine- nefs and Authenticity of ancient hiftorical Works are afcertained. 8°. London. 1827. Th3 firft Part of this excellent Work is devoted to the Hiftory of Manufcripts, an Account of the Materials of ancient Books, Inftruments of Writing, Inks, Illuminations, Copyifts, Writers of the Middle Ages, &c. Wehrs (G. F.). Von Papier, &c. (with Supple- ment). 3 Vols. 8°. Halle & Hannover. 1789-90. 5. Engraving on Copper, Wood, Stone, &c. Bartsch (Adamde). Le Peintre Graveur. 21 Vols. 8°. Vienne, Degen, et Mechetti. 1803-21. This Work, fays Brunet, is certainly the mofl exaft of any of the Kind which we have ; but it is very incomplete, and the laft Volumes are of lefs Value than the firft. Volumes 1-5. Flemilh and Dutch Schools. 6-1 1. The German School. 12 and 13. The Italian School. 14 and 15. Marc Antonio, &c. 16-2 1. The Refidue of the Italian School. [ 20 ] Bryan (Michael). A Biographical and Critical Didtionary of Painters and Engravers ; with the Ciphers, Monograms, and Marks ufed by each Engraver. A new Edition, revifed, enlarged and continued to the prefent Time, compriling above ONE THOUSAND additional Memoirs and large AcceiTions to the Lifts of Pidtures and Engrav- ings, alfo new Plates of Ciphers and Monograms. By George Stanley. Royal 8°. London. 1849. A Book of 963 Pages, embracing without the leaft Abridgment, as ftated in the Preface, the whole of the Articles contained in the two quartos publiflied by Bryan in 1816. Engelmann (M. G.). Traite theorique et pra- tique de Lithographic. 3d Ed. 4°. Paris. 1839. Illuftrated with a great Number of Plates. Heinecken (M. le Baron). Idee Generale d'une CoUediion complette d'Eftampes, avec une Dil- fertation fur I'Origine de la Gravure, et fur les premiers Livres des Images. 8°. Leiplic. 1771. The Value and Fidelity of this Work have long been known and duly appreciated by Bibliographers and Amateurs of the fine Arts. A Circum- ftance that greatly enhances its Merit is, that the Author aftually faw every Book of Images, &c. which he has defcribed. It is illuftrated with 28 fine Engravings, feveral of which are Doubles. Fielding (T. H.) The Art of Engraving ; being an hiftorical and diftind: Account of the various Styles now pradifed, with Inftrudlions as to the various Modes of Operation, &c. Royal 8°. London. 1840. [ 21 ] Jackson (John). A Treatife on Wood Engraving, historical and pradtical. With upwards of three hundred Illustrations, engraved on Wood. Royal 8°. London. 1839. The third Chapter of this important Work is devoted to an Examina- tion of the Claims of Gutemburg and Coder to the Honour of the Inven- tion of Typography. The Author fupports the Claims of the former. Nagler (G. K.). Neues Allgemeines Kiinftler- Lexicon, oder Nachrichten von dem Leben und den Werken der Maler, Bildhauer, etc. 22 Vols. 8°. Miinchen. 1835-52. A biographical Diftionary, with critical Notices of the Works of Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, Defigners, Lithographers, etc., being the beft and moft extenfive Work of the Kind extant. Ottley (W. Y.). Hiftory of Engraving upon Copper and Wood, with an Account of Engravers and their Works. 2 Vols. Royal 4°. London. 1816. Publifhed at £8 8s. This magnificent Book is printed uniformly with Dibdin's Ames, and with that forms a grand Series of the Hiftory of Printing and Engraving. Like Meerman the Author fupports the Pretenfions of Cofter as the In- ventor of Printing. ' Singer (S. W.). Refearches into the Hiftory of Playing Cards ; with lUuftrations of the Origin of Printing and Engraving on Wood. 4°. (Nu- merous Plates). London. 181 6. " The entire Impreffion of this Work is limited to 250 Copies; fo that when its intrinfick Worth and intrinfick Beauty be confidered, the Curious will not fail to fecure Copies whenever they make their Appear- ance. " — D ibdin. [ 22 ] Spooner (S.). a Biographical and Critical Dic- tionary of Painters, Engravers, Sculptors and Architeds ; with the Monograms, Ciphers, &c. Large 8°. New York. 1853. pp.1150. IF. The Origin and Progrefs of Printings Early Printed Books, and Book Binding. THE Hiftory of the Origin of this moft im- portant of all human Inventions is enveloped in Myftery, the moft widely oppofite Opinions upon the Subjedt being ftill entertained. Although within twenty Years from its Difcovery it was fpread all over Europe, commemorating all other Inventions, and handing down to Pofterity every important Event, it has unfortunately failed to record in decifive Terms, the Name of its own Inventor. To determine this, as well as the Place where the Difcovery was made, has given Employ- ment to the Studies and Refearches of the moft learned Men in Europe during the laft two Centu- ries. We can only in this Connexion, point out fome of the moft important Publications on the Subjed:, together with Manuals and Didlionaries of the Art, and fuch Works as are particularly defcrip- tive of early printed Books. Ames (Jofeph). Typographical Antiquities ; be- ing an hiftorical Account of Printing in Eng- land, Scotland and Ireland, from 1471 to 1600. 4". London. 1749. 1 23 J A fecond Edition of this truly valuable Work, enlarged by William Herbert, was publiflied in 1785-90, in 3 Vols. 4°. Both thefe Editions are now in a great Degree fuperfeded by the elaborate and fplendid Edi- tion by the Rev. T. F. Dibdin, greatly enlarged, with copious Notes and appropriate Engravings. 4 Vols. 4° . Lond. 1810-19. Publiflied at 60 Guineas. AuDiFFREDi (J. B.). Catalogus Hiftorico-Crit- icus Romanarum Editionum Saeculi XV- Alfo, Specimen Hiftorico-Criticum Editionum Italic- arum S-£Culi XV. 2 Vols. 4. Romas. 1783-94. Dibdin fpeaks of thefe Produftions as of very great Importance to the Bibliographer. AudifFredi appears to have had Accefs to the firfl: Libra- ries in Italy ; and his Care, Accuracy and Refcarch, entitle him to a Superiority over all his Predeceflbrs. Both of thefe Works have good Indexes. Bandini (a. M.). De Florentina Juntarum Ty- pographia. 2 Vols. 8°. Lucas. 1791. It only goes as far as 1550. Peignot commends it as n " profoundly learned Work." BeRARD (A. S. L.). EfTai bibliographique fur les Editions des Elzevirs. 8°- Paris. 1822. Bernard (Aug.). De I'Origine et des Debuts de rimprimerie en Europe. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1853- Paul Tromel in Petzholdt's Anzeiger, fpeaks of this as the moft im- portant Work yet written on the Origin of the Art of Printing. Bibbliotheca Smithiana, feu Catalogus Librorum D. Jofephi Smithii Angli per Cognomina Au- thorum difpofitus. pp.913. 4°. Venetiis. 1755. This valiiable Catalogue was compiled by J. B. Pafchal. It contains [ 24 ] the Prefaces and Epistles of the rareft and moft important Works pub- lifhed before the Year 1500, this Part of the Book occupying 285 Pages; it contains alfo a complete alphabetical Index of Authors. Cotton (Henry). Typographical Gazetteer. 34 Ed. 8. Oxford. 1852. A very ufeful Work, being a Diftionary of all the Places where Printr ing has been prafticed, with an Account of the firft Books printed at each, a Tranflation into Englifli of the foreign Names of Towns, &c. Daunou (P. C. F.), Analyze des Opinions di- verfes fur I'Origine de I'Imprimerie, 8°. Paris, 1802. This is a clear and compendious View of the various Opinions which have been advanced upon the Origin of Printing. The fame has alfp been publifhed in the fourth Volume of the Memoirs of the moral and poHtical Clafs of the French Inftitute. DiBDiN (T. F.). Bibliotheca Spenceriana ; or a Defcriptive Catalogue of early printed Books, and of many important firft Editions in the Library of Earl Spencer. 4 Vols. Superroyal 8°. London. 18 14- 15. This fuperb CoUeftion of Books contains upwards of 45,000 Volumes 5 among them are fixty-four Editions from the Prefs of Wm. Caxton, the firft Englifli Printer, which arc reputed to be worth $60,000. The Abundance and Beauty of the Facfimiles and other Embellifliments, as well as the Finenefs of the Paper and Printing, render this Catalogue one of the moft fplendid bibliographical Works ever publifhed in any Country. It defcribes, I. Books printed from wooden Blocks about the Middle of the fifteenth Century. 2. Early printed Bibles. 3. Liturgical Works. 4. Works of the Fathers. 5. Greek and Latin Clafficks. 6. Mifcellaneous Literamre. The Pofleflbrs of this Work, to complete it, fhould procure ^DES Althorpian^, 2 Vols. fupcr royal 8°. London, 1822, containing an Account of the Manfion, Books and Piftures at Althorp, the Refidence [ 25 ] of Earl Spencer; and alfo the Cassano Catalogue, fuper royal 8°. Lond, 1823, forming a Supplement to the two previous Catalogues, and contain- ing a general Index. DupoNT (Paul). Notice Hiflorique fur I'lmpri- merie. Large 8°. Paris. 1849. Falkenstein (Karl). Gefchichte der Buch- druckerkunft. 4''. Leipzig. 1840, A very important and beautiful Work, containing Engravings, many of which are coloured. Greswell (W. p.). Annals of Parifian Typo- graphy, containing an Account of the earlieft Typographical Eftablifhments in Paris, 8°. London. 1818. This has long been regarded as an importar.t Compilation. It is enriched with numerous interefting Notes relating to the Hiftory of Literature. It is defigned principally to Ihow the particular Influence of the Parifian Gothic Prefs upon the early Englilh Prefs. Greswell (W. P.). View of the Early Parifian Greek Prefs, including the Lives of the Stephani, 2 Vols. 8°. Oxford. 1833. Hain (Ludovicus). Repertorium Bibliographicum. 4 Vols. 8°. Stutt. et Tubings. 1826-38. a ufeful Repertory, in which, by means of frequent Abbreviations, the Author has endeavoured to bring into a fmall Compafs a defcriptive Account of all the Editions of the 15th Century known to himfelf. The Number of Articles thus given amounts to 16,299. They are regarded by Bibliographers as e}ftremely accurate, Hansard (T. C). Typographia; an hiftorical Sketch of the Origin and Progrefs of Printing, with pradtical Dired:ions for conducing every E [ 26 ] Department in an Office, with a Defcription of Stereotype and Lithography. Thick royal 8°. London. 1825. A beautiful Book of 939 Pages, with a good Index. Hansard (T. C). The Hiflory of the Art_ of Printing, Copperplate Printing,- Type Founding and Lithographick Printing. 8°. Edinburgh. 1840. HoDQSoN (Thomas). An Effay on the Origin and Progrefs of Stereotype Printing, including a Defcription of the various Proceffes. 8°. New- caftle. 1820. pp. 178. An excellent Work. Only 306 Copies printed. Johnson (John). Typographia, or the Printer's Inftruftor. 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1824. Laire (F. X.). Index Librorum ab Inventa Typographia ad Annum 1500, cum notis, (With a Supplement.) 3 Vols. 8°. Paris. 179 1-2. A ufeful Work of its Kind. The Defcriptions are clear, the Notes brief and inftruftive, and there arc four Indexes. Maittaire (Michael). Annales Typographici ab Artis Inventas Origine ad Annum 1664, cum Supplemento Michaelis Denifii. 7 Vols, (or 1 1 when the Parts are bound up feparately). 4°. Hag. Com. et Viennae. 1719-89. Volume I. from the Origin of the Art to the Year 1500, was publilhed in 1719. Volume II. 1500-1536, was publifhed in 1722, in 2 Parts. Volume III. 1536-1557, was publilhed in 1726, in 2 Parts, with an Appendix. Volume IV. from the Origin of the Art to 1664, was publilhed [ 27 ] in 1733. in 2 Parts. Volume V. containing a general Index, was publiihed in 1741, in 2 Parts. Complete Copies of thefe Annals, with both Parts of the Index, are rare, cfpecially in this Country. The Supplement by Michel Denis, publifhed at Vienna in 1789, in 2 Vols. 4°., contains 631 1 Articles, defcribing Works printed in the 15 th Century which were un- known to Maittaire. Though lefs perfeft in fome refpefts than the Annals of Panzer, it is neverthelefs indifpenfable in every bibliographical CoUeftion. It does not confine itfelf like that Work to mere Nomenclature, but gives Information refpefting the Lives of Printers, Publifliers, Correftors of the Prefs, and literary Men, and fuggefts Inquiries refpefting the Hiftory of the Art of Printing. The Author was a Native of London, born in 1668, and educated at Wcllminfter School and Oxford Univerfity. Meerman (Gerard). Origines Typographicae. 2 Vols. 4 . Hag. Com. 1765. One of the moft inftruftive Books extant, as to the PrOgrefs of the Art, and full of learned and acute Inquiries. The Author, who was a dif- tinguifhed Lawyer of Leyden, fupports with great Ardour the Pretenfions of Harlem" as the Birthplace of the Art, and of Lawrence Cofter as its Inventor. Although the Hypothelis of Meerman in Support of thefe Pretenfions has long fmce been exploded as a Fable, the Work is highly efteemed and eagerly fought after by Bibliographers. The Plates (12 in Number) are frequently taken out to illuftrate other Works. Meersch (p. C. Van der). Recherches fur la Vie et les Travaux des Imprimeurs Beiges et Neer- landais, etablis a I'Etranger, et fur la Part qu'ils ont prife a la Regeneration litteraire de I'Europe duXV=Siecle. Vol.1. 8°. Gand. 1856. A very important Work. Panzer (G. W.). Annales Typographici ab Artis Inventae Origine ad annum 1536. 11 Vols. 4°. Norimbergs. 1793- 1803. [ 28 J The moft extenfive Work extant on the Produftions of the 15th Cen-" tury, and furpaffing in bibliographical Accuracy, as well as in Method and Arrangement, all its Predeceflbrs. Volumes I-III contain the dated Produftions which appeared up to 1500, in the alphabetical Order of their Places of Printing. Volume IV contains the dated Produftions which appeared without any Statement of the Place of Printing, or Name of Printer, arranged in chronological Order; alfo the Produftions without Place, Date, or Printer, arranged in alphabetical Order, according to the Authors' Names, and a triple Supplement to the former Volumes. Volume V is a general Index to the previous Volumes. Volumes VI-IX embrace the dated and undated Produftions from 1501 to 1536 together with Supplements. Volumes X and XI contain general Indexes to Vols. VI-IX, and alfo a Supplement to the entire Work. PiETERs (M. Chs.). Analyfe des Materiaux les plus utiles, pour des futures Annales de I'lmpri- merie des Elzevirs. Large 8°. Gand. 1843. PiETERs (M. Chs.). Annales de I'lmprimerie Elfevirienne. 8°. Gand et Paris. 1851. Renouard (A. A.). Annales de I'lmprimerie des Aide. 2^1 Ed. 3 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1825. Renouard (A. A.). Annales de I'lmprimerie des Eftienne. 2 Pts. in one Volume 8°. Paris. 1837-8. Thefe Works upon Aldus Manutius, the Inventor of Ita&s, and his Suc- ceflbrs, and upon Henry Stephens and his Succeffors, the celebrated French Printers of the i6th Century, are very important. A 3"^ Edition of the firft named Work, containing a Notice of the Juntas, and a Lift of their Produftions up to 1550, was pubUlhed in one thick Volume 8° Paris 1834. Santander (M. de la Serna). An Hiftorical Effay on the Origin of Printing. Tranllated [ 29 ] from the French. 8°. Newcaftle. Hodgforii 1819. pp. 93. Only 214 Copies printed. Savage (William). Didlionary of the Art of Printing. (lUuftrated with Diagrams.) Thick 8°. London. 1841. A new Edition of this capital Work has long been in Preparation by i. competent Gentleman of New York. SoTHEBY (S. L.) Principia Typographica. The Block Books, or xylographick Delineations of Scripture Hiftory, iilued in Holland, Flanders and Germany, during the fifteenth Century, exem- plified and confidered in Connexion with the Origin of Printing, &c. &c. 3 Vols. imp. 40. London. 1857. Only 250 Copies printed, of which Z20 Copies are to be fold at Auftion on Wednefday the 5th of May, 1858, in London. The Vol- umes are illuftrated with above i zo Plates. None will be fold for lefs than 9 Guineas. Stower (Charles). The Printer's Grammar; or Introdudtion to the Art of Printing. (With Plates.) 8°. London. 1808. Thomas (Ifaiah). The Hiftory of Printing in America ; with a Biography of Printers, and an Account of Newfpapers. To which is prefixed a concife View of the Difcovery and Progrefs of the Art in other Parts of the World. 2 Vols. 8°. Worcefter. 1 8 1 o. Rare and very important. [ 30 ] TiMPERLEY (C. H). Encyclopedia of Literary and Typographical Anecdote; compiled from Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, and numerous Authorities. Second Edition, comprifing recent Biographies, chiefly of Bookfellers, and a Prac- tical Manual of Printing. Thick royal 8°. Lond. 1842. WiLLETT (Ralph). A Memoir on the Origin of Printing, in a Letter addreffed to John Topham, Efq. 8". Newcaftle. T. Hodgfon. 1820. pp. 72. Only 150 Copies printed. WoLFius (J. C.) Monumenta Typographica. 2 thick Vols. 8°. Hamburgi. 1 740. This Colleftion confifts of Treatifes by various Authors, and alfo of Extrafts illuftrative of the Origin and early Hiftory of the Art, feme of ■which are in Verfe. Book -Binding. A few Works illuftrative of the Hiftory and Art of Book-Binding, may very properly be added to this Part of our List. Anett (J. A.). An Inquiry into the Nature and Form of the Books of the Ancients, with a Hif- tory of the Art of Book-Binding, from the Times of the Greeks and Romans to the prefent Day ; interfperfed with bibliographical References to Men and Books of all Ages and Countries. Small 8°. London. 1837. [ 31 ] Greve (E. W.). Hand und Lehrbuch der Buch- binde, &c. 2^ Ed. 2 Vols. 8°. Berlin. 1832. Hannett (John). Bibliopegia or the Art of Book-Bindmg. 4'^ Ed. 12°. London. 1848. Le Normand (L. S.). Manuel du Relieur. 2^ Ed. 18°. Paris. 1 83 1. One of the Manuels Roret. Peignot (Gabriel). Eflai hiftorique et archaso- logique fur la Relieure des Livres, etc. 8°. Dijon. 1834, TucKETT (C. J.). Specimens of ancient and modern Binding, Royal 4°. London. 1846. Walker (Edward). The Art of Book-Binding, its Rife and Progrefs. (Including a defcriptive Account of the New York Book Bindery of E. Walker & Sons, with a Lift of Prices annexed.) Thin 8°. New York. 1850. V. Rare-, Anonymous^ Pfeiidonymous and Prohibited Books. I. Rare. ONE of the Objects of Bibliography is to indicate thofe Books which, to a greater or lefs Degree, come under this Category, With regard to thefe Compilations we may remark, that though in moft of them the Epithet rare is fometimes applied too vaguely and lavifhly, they [ 32 J are neverthelefs as a Clafs extremely ufeful. It is indeed exceedingly difficult to fpeak in all Cafes with Precifion in regard to rare Books, and hence per- haps impoffible to compile a Work of this Kind which ihall not fometimes miflead thofe who con- fult it. A Diftindtion fhould always be made between the Terms rare and precious, which, while at firfh they appear to mean the fame Thing, are yet elTentially different. A Book may be rare be^ caufe it is with Difficulty to be procured, and hence highly valued by Amateurs who defire the exclu- live Poffeffion of it, regardlefs of C oft. On the other Hand, Books may be precious, and to be obtained only at a high Price, without being rare. Such are the fplendid Collections of architedtural Engravings publifhed by Piranefi and others ; the Collections called Galleries and Cabinets; the great Collections of Works on Antiquities by Grae- vius, Gronovius, Montfaucon, Muratori and others. The following may be noticed as among the principal bibliographical Works under this Head, in addition to Audiffredi, Dibdin, Hain, Laire, Maittaire and Panzer, defcribed under the preceding Head : Bauer (J. J.). Bibliotheca Librorum rariorum univerfalis. (With three fupplementary Volumes.) 7 Vols. 8°. Norimbergas. 1770-91. Arranged alphabetically according to the Authors' Names. It con- tains fome good Things, fays Peignot, but the Author has been too lavifh of the words, rarus, rarijjimus, paucijjimus, cognitus, &c. Clement (David). Bibliotheque Curieufe ; ou [ 33 J Catalogue Raifonne des Livres rares et diffi- ciles a trouver. 9 Vols, 4"^. Gottingen et Leipzig. 1750-60. This Work is compiled upon a very exteniive Plan, for, though con- fining of nine quarto Volumes, it comes down no farther than to the Letter H in the alphabetical Arrangement of Names ; terminating here in confequence of the Author's Death. It is beautifully printed and exhibits great Labour and Learning. The following are the different Clafles mentioned in which Books may be faid to be rare. I. A Book whic}i it is difficult to find in the Country where it is fought, ought to be called fimply rare. 2. A Book which it is difficult to find in any Coun- try may be called very rare. 3. A Book of which there are only 50 or 60 Copies exifting, or which appears as feldom as if there never had been more at any Time than that Number of Copies, ranks as extremely rare. 4. When the whole Number of Copies of a Work does not exceed 10, this conftitutes excejjive rarity, or rarity in the higheft Degree. This Claffification of the Degrees of Rarenefs is copied from Clement by all fubfequent Writers in this Department. DiBDiN (T. F.). A Bibliographical Antiquarian and Pifturefque Tour in France and Germany. 2'i Edition. 3 Vols, fmall 8°. London. 1829, Containing a Fund of ufefijl Information upon Topography, Manufcripts, rare and valuable Books, public and private Libraries, Bookfellers, Book- colleftors. Autographs, &c. &c. Numerous lUuftrations. The firft Edidon, of which the fecond is an Abridgment, was publilhed in 1821, in 3 Vols, royal 8°. The Expenfes of the Printing and Engraving of this firft Edition, amounted to upwards of £6000. DiBDiN (T. F.). A Bibliographical and Pidlurefque Tour in the Northern Counties of England and in Scotland. 2 Vols. Royal 8°. London, 1838. Profufely embelliflied, with Accounts of Libraries, Manufcripts, rare Books, &c. &c. and a general Index. F [ 34 ] FouRNiER (F- I.). Nouveau Didlionnaire Portatif de Bibliographic ; contenant plus de vingt trois mille Articles de Livres rares, curieux, eftimes et recherches, &c. 2dEd. 8°. Paris. 1809. Preceded by an Effay on Libraries and Bibliography, and followed by Catalogues of the Editions of Bafkerville, Didot, the Aldi, Elzevirs, &c. &c. Gerdes (Daniel). Florigium hiftorico-criticum Librorum rariorum, etc. 8°. Groningse. 1773. This is the third Edition of a Work, defigned in Part as a Supplement to the Catalogue of Vogt. GuiCHARD (J. M.). Notice fur le Speculum Hu- mans Salvationis. 8°. Paris. 1840. Hartshorne (C. H.), Book Rarities of theUni- verfity of Cambridge ; illuftrated by original Letters, and Notes biographical, literary and antiquarian. (With Plates). 8°, London. 1820. HoYOiS (P.J.)- Mufee Bibliographique ; Collec- tion d'Ouvrages imprimes et Manufcrits, dont le moindre Prix eft de 1000 Francs. 8°. Mons. 1837. Lalandb (M. L. C). Curiofites Bibliographiques. 18°. Paris. 1845. This little Work, although not Ilriftly coming under this Headj never- thelefs contains many interefting Particulars in regard to curipus and rare Books, including Titles and Frontifpieces, Dedications, Prefaces, Errours, Binding, Prices paid to Authors, Autographs, Liberty of the Prefs, &c. OsMONT (J. B, L.). DicSionnaire Typographique, Hiftorique, et Critique des Livres rares, fingu- [ 35 1 liers, eftimes, et recherches en tous Genres. ± Vols. 8°. Paris. 1768. A fcarceWork; which, though in ibrne refpefts fuperfeded by later bibliographical Diftionaries, may yet be advantageoufly confulted for Italian Literature. Peignot (Gabriel). Effai de Curiofites Biblio- graphiques. 8°. Paris. 1804. Containing a claffified Notice of the fineft Works, the Price of which, at the pubhck Sales, has exceeded looo Francs. Peignot (Gabriel). Varietes, ' Notices et Raretes Bibliographiques. 8°. Paris. 1822. pp. 147. Dibdin in his Preface to the Bibliographical Tour in France, juft de- fcribed, complains that this httle Work is but the Refleftion or Tranllation of the 9th and 30th Letters of the ift Edition of the fame. Peignot (Gabriel). Repertoire de Bibliographies fpeciales, curieufes et inftrudtives. 8°. Paris. 1 8 lo. Containing, i. Special Bibliographies in all Languages. 2. Books of which only 100 Copies were printed. 3. Books of which Copies have been printed on colored Paper. 4. Books, the Text of which is engraved. 5. All Books which have been pubHfhed under the Name Ana, &c. Santander (M. de la Serna). Di6lionnaire Bib- liographique choifi du quinzieme Siecle ; ou defcription des Editions les plus rares, &c. 3 Vols. 8°. Bruxelles et Paris. 1805-7. The firft Volume contains an elaborate Hiftory of Printing (fee Page 28), which Home has abridged in his Introdudlion to the Study of Bibliography. Santander defcribes only the principal Editions of the 15 th Century, obferving that though there are fuppofed to have been not lefs than 15,000 publilhed within that Period, not more than 1500 deferve the Attention of the Curious. [ 36 ] SciieLhorn (J. G.). Amoenitas Literarise, quibus varis Obfervationes, Scripta item quasdam Anec- dota et variofa Opufcula exhibentur. 2^ Ed. 14 Vols. S". Frankfort et Leipzic. 1725-31. Vallicrb (M. le Due de la). Catalogue des Livres de la Biliotheque de Valliere. 9 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1783-8. The firft Part of this Catalogue, in three Volumes, was compiled by Guillaume de Bure, and is extremely curious. It comprifes Manufcripts (defcribed by M. Van Praet), early Editions, Books printed on Vellum and large Paper, Books rare and precious. Books of Engravings, &c. con- taining in all 5668 Articles, and two Indexes, one of Authors and one of Titles or Subjefts. The fecond Part, confifting of the laft fix Volumes, was compiled by Jean Sue Nyon. It contains 27,000 Articles, arranged under general Divifions, but without an Index. This Part of the Valliere Library, although confidered of lefs Value than the preceding Portion, contains a fine CoUeftion of French and Italian Poets, and a CoUeftion of Romances, the mofl: complete perhaps that ever was formed, together with numerous Works on the Art's, Sciences, Hiftory, &c. This Part of the Work there- fore belongs to general Bibhography. It is of little praftical Value for the Want of defcriptive Notes and an Index. Van Praet (Jofeph). Catalogue des Livres im- primes fur Velin, de la Bibliotheque du Roi. (With Supplement.) 6 Vols. Large 8°. Paris. 1822-8. " L'Importance et la grande Valeur des Livres decrits, I'Exaftitude rigoureufe des Defcriptions, et les Anecdotes curieufes qui les accom- pagnent, donnent de I'lnteret a cet excellent Catalogue." — Brunei. The Compiler, one of the moft profound Bibliographers of Europe, has been for many Years at the Head of the Bibliotheque Royale at Paris, a Library Angularly rich in Books printed on Vellum. [ 37 J Van Praet (Jofeph). Catalogue des Livres im- primes fur Velin qui fe trouvent dans des Biblio- theques tant publiques que particulieres. 4 Vols. Large 8°. Paris. 1824-8. VoGT (John). Catalogus hiftorico-criticus Libro- rum rariorum. 5 th Ed. Thick 8°. Norimberg^. 1793- An excellent Work, the Plan and Execution of which are charadler- ized by Dibdin as being at once clear and concile. Vogt, however, Hkfe many other Authors of this Clafs of Books, is fomewhat prodigal of the Word rare. 2. Anonymous and Pseudonymous Books. Anonymous Books are thofe which are publi{hed without any Author's Name. Cryptonymous Books are thofe the Names of the Authors of which are concealed under an Anagram or iimilar Contrivance. Pfeudonymous Books are thofe which bear falfe Names of Authors. The great Number of Works embraced under this Head renders it a very import- ant Branch of bibliographical Inquiry. Of the various Writers who have defcribed this Clafs of Books, the following are the principal. They are particularly ufeful in regard to the literary Pro- duftions of Periods and Countries which have been greatly reftridled in the Liberty of the Prefs. Barbier (A. A.). Didlionnaire des Ouvrages Anonymes et Pfeudonymes. 2^ Ed. 4 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1822-7, By far the moft perfeft and valuable of all the numerous Works which i" 38 j have been publiflied in this Department of Bibliography, being the Refults of thirty Years of diligent Labour and Refearch. The Author was private Librarian of the Emperor Napoleon, and afterwards, on the Return of the Bourbons, Superintendent of the private Royal Libraries. He died in 1825. His Diftionary is confined to Works in the Latin and French Languages, but of thefe it notices between twenty-three and twenty-four thoufand. Lancetti (V,). Pfeudonimia Ovvero Tavole alfa- betiche de' Nomi finti o fuppofti degli Scrittori con la Contrappolizione de' Veri. 8°. Milano. 1836. Manne (M. de). Nouveau Recueil d'Ouvrages Anonymes et Pfeudonymes. 8°. Paris. 1834. Containing 21 31 Articles, not limited like Barbier's Diftionary to Works in the French and Latin Languages, and followed by an alpha- betical Index of Authors. Placcius (Vincent). Theatrum Anonymorum et Pfeudonymorum Operum. (Edited by }. A. Fabricius and M. Dreyer, with a Preface by the former.) 2^ Ed. Fol. Hamburgi. 1708. To this fhould be added a Supplement, or Continuation, by J. C. Mylius, publilhed in 1740. folio. Hamburg. The original Work, and the Sup- plement together, comprehend between nine and ten thoufand Articles. QueRARD (J. M.). Les Ecrivains Pfeudonymes et autres Myftificateurs de la Litterature Franyaise pendant les quatre derniers Siecles reftitues a leurs veritables Noms. 8°. Paris. 1854-5, One of the lateli Works upon the Subjeft. Schmidt (A. G.). Gallerie deutfcher pfeudonymer Schriftfteller, &c. 8«. Grimms. 1 840. [ 39 ] 3 . Prohibited. The following Works upon condemned and prohibited Books, may very appropriately be added to the above Defcriptions of rare and anonymous Books. They conftitute a melancholy Portion of Bibliography, for though the Faits which they colled: fometimes amufe by their Folly, they oftener excite Indignation and Pity at the. Oppreffions of Power, and the Sufferings of the Learned. An exact Reprint of the Roman Index Expur- gatorius, the only Vatican Index of this Kind ever publifhed ; edited, with a Preface, by Richard Gibbings. Thick 12^. Dublin. 1837. Hannot (J. B.). Index des principaux Livres condamnes et defendus par I'Eglife. 12°. Na- mur. 1 7 14. Index Librorum Prohibitorum juxta Examplar Roman um Juffu Sandiffimi Domini noftri editum Anno 1 8 3 5 ; Accefferunt fuis Locis Nomina eorum qui ufque ad banc Diem damnati fuere. Foil 8°. Mechlinise. 1843. Mendham ( Jofeph) . Account of the Indexes, both prohibitory and expurgatory, of the Church of Rome. 8°. London. 1826. Mendham (Jofeph). Index Librorum Prohibito- rum a Sixto v.; Ed. J. Mendham. 4°. London. 1835- [ 40 ] Peignot (Gabriel). Didiionnaire Critique et Bib- liographique des Principaux Livres condamnes au Feu, fupprimes ou cenfures. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1806. Tl^emoft complete Work in this Department of Bibliography, although it can hardly be faid to contain an Enumeration of all the principal fup- prefled, condemned or cenfured Books, as there are few Englilh Works noticed. The firft Volume contains a Lift of Indices expurgatorii, and alfo of more than thirty Writers who have treated on this Subjeft. VI. Clajftfication of Books and Management of Libraries^ or Library Economy. NOTWITHSTANDING the almoft infinite Number of Libraries and Catalogues that exift, fcarcely any two can be found which entirely agree in their Arrangements, or which are catalogued upon the fame Principles. It is there- fore important to point out fome of the befl Guides upon thefe Subjedls, for the Benefit of the various publick Libraries which are being formed and de- veloped in all Parts of the Land, in order that they may be conducted in accordance with the moft approved Principles of Library Economy. Before proceeding with our Lift, we may remark, that Catalogues refolve themfelves finally into two Claffes, viz: Classified and Alphabetical. The Utility of the former is very great, confifting obvioufly in this, that the Books upon any Subject are found at once by referring to the proper Head. [41 ] To refer however every Book to its proper Place in the general Syftem of human Knowledge, would evidently require clearer and more exadt Ideas of the Scope and Objects of all the Departments and Branches of which that Syflem confifts, and a more thorough Acquaintance with the Science of Biblio- graphy in all its DetaiL than moft Perfons poffefs. The Difficulties of fuch a TalTc, and indeed of the whole Subjecft of cataloguing, are very happily illuftrated in the Article on Libraries and Catalogues appended to this Work. A DESCRIPTIVE Catalogue, with the Titles, placed in alphabetical Order under the Names of Authors, and accompanied by an alphabetical and claffified Index of Subjedrs, is in our Judgment by far the moft pradlical and ufeful. Such a Catalogue might well be called " the Eye of the Library." It fhould in moft Cafes have piort Titles, and always give in full the Contents of all the collected Works of Authors, and of all Collediions of lingle Works of various Authors, having a common Title. We notice the moft important Books under this Head, fome of which might properly be clafled with elementary Bibliographies already defcribed. Albert (J. F. M.). Recherches fur les Principes fondamentaux de la Claffification biblographique, 8". Paris. 1847. a very important Work of its Kind. Ampcre (a. M.). Effai fur la Philofophie des Sciences, ou Expoiition analytique d'une Clafli- G L42 J fication naturelle de toutes les Connaiffances humaines. 2 Pts. 8°. Paris. 1843. Camus (A. G.). Obfervations fur la Diftribution et le Claffement des Livres d'une Bibliotheque, [Memoires de I'lnft. National; Litt. et Beaux Arts, Tome I]. 4°. Paris. 1798. pp. 643-76. CoNSTANTiN (L. A.). BibHotheconomie, ou nouveau Manuel Complet pour 1' Arrangement, la Confervation et I'Adminiftration des Biblio- theques. 2^1 Ed. 18°. Paris. 1841. An excellent little Manual upon Library Economy, which we hope to prefent to the Publick at fome future Time, in an Englilh Drefs, with Additions, &c. It is very full upon Catalogues and the Statillicks of Libraries. The Author, whofe real Name was Hefle, has recently died at Paris. Ebert(F. A.). Bildung des Bibliothekars. 2'^ Ed. 8°. Leipzig. 1820. Few Perfons, it is believed, have ever engaged in the Work of arranging and cataloguing, even a fmall Library of learned Books, without being painfully impreffed with the Importance of all the varied Qualifications which Ebert here enumerates, as cfTential for a German Librarian. Expose fuccincft d'un nouveau Syfleme d'Organifa- tion des Bibliotheques publiques, par un Biblio- thecaire. 8°. Montpellier. 1845. FoisY (F. M.). Effai fur la Confervation des Bibliotheques publiques. 8°. Paris. 1833. Portia d'Urban (Le Marquis). Nouveau Syf- teme alphabetique de Bibliographie alphabetique. Seconde Edition, precedee de nouvelles Confider- [43 ations fuf rOrthographe Franfaife. i2"i Paris. l822i Tke firft Part includes a general Syftcm of Bibliography. The fecond Part includes an encyclopedical Table of human Knowledge. A new Edition has been publiflied containing Part third, and a general Index. This laft Part relates to Encyclopedias, fhowing what they are, in what Languages they have been written, &c. HoRNE (T. H.). Outlines for the Claffification of a Library, fubmitted to the Truftees of the Britifli Mufeum. 4°. London. 1825. Now very fcarce. Jewett (C. C). On the Conftruftion of Cata- logues of Libraries, and their Publication by Means of feparate, ftereotyped Titles ; with Rules and Examples, a'^ Ed. 8"*. Washington. 1853. Containing an Explanation of the Author's Plan for preparing and ftereotyping Catalogues, and ferving as a Manual for Librarians in carrying the fame into Pradlice. The thirty-nine Rules embodied in the Work, founded upon thofe adopted for the Compilation of the Catalogue of the Britifh Mufeum, have been drawn up with great Care. Modifications and Additions have been made, adapted to the peculiar Charafter of the Syftem propofed. Thefe Modificadons can readily be difcovered and fet afide by thofe who wifh to ufe the Rules in the Preparation of an ordinary Catalogue. The Work is an indifpenfable Guide to Librarians and others, enabling them to compile Catalogues upon the beft and moft approved Principles, without the Expenfe of ufelefs Labour. The Author, it is underftood, is preparing for the Prefs a third and enlarged Edition of this invaluable Manual. LuDEWiG (Herman). Zur Bibhotheconomie. 8". Leipzig. 1 840. MoLBECH (Chriftian). Ueber Bibliothekwilten- [ 44 ] fchaft, oder Einrichtung und Verwaltung ofFent- licher Bibliotheken. (2^ Ed. from the Danifh Originals by H. Ratjen). 8". Leipzig. 1833. A very learned and comprehenfive Book upon the whole Subjeft ot Library Economy. Namur (M. p.). Manuel du Bibliothecaire. 8°. Bruxelles. 1834. Paris (M. P.). De la Neceffite de commenGer, achever et publier le Catalogue des Livres im- primes, etc. Seconde Edition, dans laquelle on a complete le Plan de Claffification bibliogra- phique, et repondu a quelques Objed:ions. 8°. Paris. 1847. pp. 63. Peignot (Gabriel). Manuel du Bibliophile, ou Traite du Choix des Livres. 2 Vols. 8°. Dijon. 1823. a very ufeful Guide for the Book Purchafer. PeTzholdt und Reichard. Ankiindigung von Beitragen zur Bibliothekfbaukunft. 2 Vols. 8°. Drefden. 1 844. Petzholdt (Julius). Katechifmus der Bibliothek- enlehre. Anleitung 2Ur Einrichtung und Ver- waltung von Bibliotheken. Mit 1 6 in den Text gedruckten Abbildungen und 15 Schrifttafeln. 8°. Leipzig, 1856. This little Work forms the 27th Number of a Series iffued by J. J. Weber, entitled Illuftrirte Katechifmen. [ 45 ] Report frorli the Seled: Committee on Publick Libraries ; together with Proceedings of the Committee, Minutes of Evidence, and Appendix. Folio. London. 1849. This Report of the Houfe of Comitlons, making, with the Index, a Vokime of 417 pages, contains the fuUeft and moft accurate ftatiftical Details refpefting publick Libraries to be found in Print. It embodies the Teftimony and Opinions of fome of the moft eminent Bibliographers in Europe, upon important Points in the Hiftory and Management of Libraries, as for Example, E. Edwards, formerly of the Britifli Mufeum, M. Guizot of France, M. Van der Weyer of Belgium, M. Libri of Italy, &c. &c. Report of the Commiffioners appointed to inquire into the Conftitution and Government of the Britifli Mufeum ; w^ith Minutes of Evidence. FoHo. pp.823. London. 1850. Alfo Index to Report, &;c. FoHo. pp. 172. London. 1850. The principal Subjeft of Inquiry related to the Preparation and Print- ing of a Catalogue. On this Point therefore it contains fvill Information. RiCHTER (Benedict). Kur^e Anleitung eine Bibliothek zu ordnen und in der Ordnung zu erhalten. (With 6 Illuftrations.) 8°. Augfburg. 1836. Schmidt (J. A. F.). Handbuch der BibUothek- willenfchaft. 8°. Weimar. 1840. Valuable particularly for its Lifts of Books of Reference on Bibliography, Literary Hiftory, &c. ScHRETTiNGER (M.), Verfuch eines vollftandigcn Lehrbuchs der Bibliothekvs^iffenfchaft. 2 Vols. 2dEd. 8°. Miinchen. 1829. [ 46 ] ScHRETTiNGER (M.). Handbuch der Bibliothek- wiffenfchaft,befonders zum Gebrauche der Richt- Bibliothekare. 8". Wien. 1834. Shurtleff (N. B.). a Decimal Syftem for the Arrangement and Adminiftration of Libraries. 4<». Bofton. 1856. Defcriptive of a Syftem which the Writer, as ftated in the Preface, has introduced into the Publick Library of the City of Bofton, and which hsa been in praftical Operation there fince the Summer of 1852. VII. Library Edifices, and Hiftory and Statijiicks of Libraries. BALBI (Adrien). Effai Statiftique fur les Bibliotheques de Vienne, comparees aux plus grands Etabliifemens de ce Genre, &c. 8°. Vienna. 1835. Next to the elaborate Article by Ebert, in the Cyclofadie of Erfch and Gruber, the firft ftatiftical View of exifting Libraries to be at all relied upon for general Accuracy, Mr. Edwards places this valuable Treatife by Balbi. The Tableaux Statiftiques fur les Bibliotheques Anciennes et Modernes, by the fame Author, were publilhed in the Tranfaftions of the French Statiftical Society in 1836. Bailly (J. L. A,.). Notices hiftoriques fur les Bibliotheques Anciennes et Modernes, fuivies d'un Tableau Comparatif des Produits de la PrefTe de 1812 a 1825, et d'une Lifte des Lois, &c. concernant les Bibliotheques. 8°. Paris. 1828. [ 47 I Blume (Friedrich). Iter Italicum. 4 Vols. 8°. Berlin und Halle. 1824-36. Containing an Account of the Archives, Infcriptions and Libraries in the Sardinian and Auftrian Provinces. BucHON (J, A,). Rapports fur la Situation des Bibliotheques publiques en France. 8°, Paris. 1830. Clarke (Wm.). Repertorium Bibliographicum ; or fome Account of the moft celebrated Britifli Libraries. Large 8°. London. 1819. Defigned, fays the Advertifement, to affifl the Collcaor in his Purfuit of valuable Editions of rareBoolcs, and containing Seleftions from the various Libraries, to give the prominent Features of each. Delessert (M. B.). Memoire fur la Bibliotheque Royale. 4°. Paris. 1835. Delessert (M. B.). Projet d'une Bibliotheque circulaire fur rEmplacement, etc. 4°. Paris. Farnum (Luther). A Glance at Private Libra- ries. 8°. Bofton. 1855. pp.79. The Libraries noticed in this Account are chiefly of Bofton and its Neighbourhood, embracing thofe of Everett, Prefcott, Ticknor, Parker, Sears (now Prefident of Brown Univerfity, Providence), Livermore, the late Daniel Webfter, &c. Mr. Farnum eftimates the Number of Books in private Libraries of one thoufand Volumes and upwards, within ten Miles of the Bofton State Houfe, to equal or exceed three hundred thou- fand. Glay (Dr. Le). Memoire fur les Bibliotheques publiques et les principales Bibliotheques parti- culieres du Department du Nord. 8°, Lille. 1841. [ 48 ] Greppo (J. G. H.). Notice hiflorique fur les Bibliotheques des Hebreux. 8°. Paris. 1835. Hunter (Jofeph), Englifh Monaflick Libraries. 4'3. London. 1831. Jewett (C. C). Notices of the Publick Libraries in the United States of America. 8°. Wafhing- ton. 1851. Prepared by Prof. Jewett while Librarian of the Smithfonianlnftitution, and publiflied under its Aufpices, being the firft Work of the Kind of any Extent that has ever appeared in this Country. It is remarkable that the moft complete Account of our Libraries that had been publiflied pre- vious to this Work, is to be found in the Serapeum for 1 846, a foreign Periodical. The Number of Libraries defcribed by Prof. Jewett is 694, containing an aggregate of nearly two and one quarter millions of Books. This Number has now increafed to mo^'e than three millions. Laborde (Le Ci"'^ de). De I'Organization des Bibliotheques de Paris. (With Plates.) 2 Vols. Royal 8°. Paris. 1845-46. Publiflied in the Form of Lettres. Alfo by the fame. Etude fur la Conftru£tion des Bibliotheques, Sec. I 846. Livermore (George). Remarks on Publick Li- braries. From The North American Review for July, 1850. For private Diflribution only. 8°. Cambridge. 1850. Full of praftical and important Suggeftions and deferving a wide Circu- lation. The Author is one of our moft accompliflied Bibliographers. For an Account of his private Library, which is particularly rich i;^ Works illuftrative of early Typography, fee Farnum's Glance at Private l-ibraries, juft noticed. Namur (M. p.). Hiftoire des Bibliotheques [49 ] Publiques de la Belgique, 3 Vols. 8°. Bruxelleg. 1840. Norton's Literary Almanac for 1852; Norton's Literary Regifter and Book Buyer's Almanac for 1853; Norton's Literary and Educational Regifter for 1854. 12°. New York. Thefe three little Volumes, which are bound together and fold as Norton's Literary Regifter, contain much ufeful Information in regard to American Libraries, Books, and Publilhers. The third Volufnp (pages 49-94) con- tains a full and authentic Account of the Proceedings of the Librarian's Convention, which was held in New York City, Sept. 15, 16, and 17, 1853- Papworth (J. W. & W.). Mufeums, Libraries, and Pidlure Galleries, with lUuftrations. Royal 8°, London. 1853. Containing Suggeftions on the Eftablilhment of fuch Inftitutions ; on the Formation and Arrangement of Mufeums for provincial Cities and large Towns ; on Plans for building and arranging Libraries for publick and private Ufe ; Notes on Cataloguing ; and Explanations and Examples of the bell Modes for conftrufting and lighting Pifture Galleries, etc. etc,; with ten Plates, or lUuftrations. The Authors are diftinguifhed Britifh Architefts. Peignot (Gabriel). Manuel Bibliographique, ou EfTai fur les Bibliotheques Anciennes et Modernes, ^c. 8°. Paris. 1800. Peignot (Gabriel). Souvenirs relatifs a quelques ^Bibliotheques particulieres du Temps paiTe. 8°. Dijon. 1836. Petit-Radel (L. C. F). Recherches fur les Bibliotheques anciennes et modernes jufqu' a la H [ so ] Fondation de la Bibljotheque Mazarine, et fur les Caufes qui ont favorife I'Accroiffement du Nombre des Livres. 8". Paris. 1819. Petzholdt (Julius). Addreffbuch Deutfcher Bibliotheken. 8°. Halle. 1853, The 4th and laft Edition of a Work of the higheft Authority oh the Libraries of Germany. Preusker (Karl). Ueber ofFentliche Vereins- und Privat-Bibliotheken. 2 Parts in one Volume, 8°. Leipzig. 1839-40. Santa (L. Delia). Delia Conftruzione e del Regolamento di una publica univerfale Biblio- teca. (Withanllluftration). Small 4°. Firenze. 1816. The Author, who died about the Year 1830, was Secretary in the Bibliotheca Magliabecchiana at Florence. His Treatife on the Conftruc- tion of a publick Library, is in high repute. Sims (Richard). Handbook to the Library of the Britifh Mufeum ; containing a brief Hiftory of its Formation, and of the various Colled:ions of which it is compofed ; Defcriptions of the Cata- logues in prefent Ufe ; clafTed Lifts of the Manufcripts, etc. ; with fome Account of the principal Libraries of London. 12°. London, 1854. This little Manual of 418 Pages, contains a Catalogue of the printed Books of Reference in the Reading Rooms of the Britifh Mufeym, re- garded as " indifpenfably neccffary to Students of all Denominations." Such a Catalogue will be found ufcful to thofe who have in Charge the Seleftion of Books for our publick Libraries. [ 51 ] " There are tolerably good I-Jand-books to fomc Departments of tiie IVTufeLim, but the Library is only vaguely known to thofe who have walked through it, or tried to fathom it through its Catalogues. Mr. Sims has un- dertaken to fupply this Deficiency, and being officially connefted with the Manufcript Department of the Library, the Talk has been eafier for him than it would have been for an outfider. His Purpofe is two-fold — to give the publick a general Idea of the Contents and Arrangement of the Library, and to furnilh to literary Men and Readers, a fyflcmatized Means of Reference to the Treafures of the great CoUeftion. The Work is executed with great Pains and confiderable Judgment, and will be found very ufeful. Altogether the Work, though not very interefting to the general Public, will be a Boon to the literary Man and the Book' worm." — Wefiminfter Review, Jan. 1854. VoisiN (Aug.). Documents pour fervir a I'Hiftoire des Bibliotheques en Belgique, et de leurs prin- cipales Curiofites litteraires. 8°. Gand. 1 840. VoisiN (Aug.). Statiftiques des principales Biblio- theques de I'Europe. 12°. Bruxelles. 1837. The fulleft Statiftics of publick Libraries are to be found in the Report of the Seleft Committee, defcribed under the previous Head. The laft Edition of Encyclopedia Britannica contains a capital Article on Britifh and Foreign Libraries, by Edward Edwards, Efq. formerly of the Britilli Mufeum, and now Librarian of the Free Library, Manchefter. Prefixed are fome Remarks on library Economy. The whole Article occupies 26 large quarto Pages. ' VIII. Oriental and Clajftcal Languages. ADELUNG (Friedrich). Bibliotheca San- fcrita. Literatur der Sanfkrit Sprache. 2^ Edition, enlarged and improved. 8°. St.- Peterfburg. 1837. [ 52 ] Adelung (Friedrich). An Hiflorical Sketch of Sanfcrit Literature, with copious bibliographical Notices of Sanfcrit Works and Tranflations ; tranflated from the German, with numerous Additions and Corrections, by D. A. Talboys. 8°. Oxford. 1832. " One of the moft refpeftaUe and ufeful Books which have for a long Time iflued from the Prefs. It is, in faft, a Vade Mecum, without which the Library of no Oriental Scholar can be efteemed perfeft ; pof- ieffing a Claffification fo fyftematically regular, that all the known Treaf- ures of this facred Tongue are, as it were, at one Glance brought before the Enquirer." — AJiatic yournal. BoHN (H. G.). General Catalogue. Part Second. Greek and Latin Claffics, Commentaries and Tranflations. 8°. London. 1850. With Prices and occafional bibliographieal Notices. Bruggbmann (L. W.). a View of the Englifh Editions and Tranflations of" the ancient Greek and Latin Authors, with Remarks. Thick 8°. Stettin. 1797. pp. 850. Clarke (Adam). Bibliographical Didionary, with Supplement. 8 Vols, fmall 8°. London. 1803-6. Containing an Account of Books in all Departments of Learning, pub- lilhed in the Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Arabick, and other eaftern Lan^ages. The Supplement, in 2 Volumes, contains, among other Matter, an Account of the Englifh Tranllations of the Clafficksand Ecclefiaftical Writers, with Lifts of the bell Arabick and Perfian Authors, Grammars, Lexicons, &c. DiBDiN (T. F.). Introdudlion to a Knowledge of rare and valuable Editions of the Greek and Roman ClafTicks. 4th Edition, greatly enlarged and correfted. 2 Vols. 80. London. 1827 [ 53 J Engelmann (Wilhelm). Bibliotheca ScriptorUm Clafficorum et Grascorum et Latinorum. (6* Edition of Enflin's Bibliotheca AuSiorum ClaJJico- rum, enlarged, &c. by Engelmann, with a Sup- plement.) 8°. Leipzig. 1847-53, The moft complete Work of the Kind extant, giving an Account of all the Editions publifhed in Germany from 1700 to 1853. EsCHENBURG (J- J.)- Manual of Claflical Literature, from the German, with Additions, by Prof N. W. Fifke, of Amherll College, Maflachufetts. 12^^ Edition, (or Thoufand.) 8°. Philadelphia. 1857- Ufed as a Text Book in many of our Colleges. It includes a View of Latin and Greek Authors, with Notices of Editions, &c. Fabricius (J. A.). Bibliotheca Grasca, ed. Harles. 4* Ed. 12 Vols. 4°. Hamburgi. 1690-1809. To this fliould be added an Index publifhed at Leipzic in 1838, in one quarto Volume. Of this Bibliotheca Dibdin fays : " All the known Edi' tions of the Greek Clafficks, with their Illuftrators, are recorded in this Work, accompanied by bibliographical and critical Remarks. There is nothing in our own or any other Language which can be put in Competi- tion with it." Fabricius (J. A.). Bibliotheca Latina, ed. Ernefti, 3 Vols. 8°. Lipfla^. 1773-4. Fabricius (J. A.). Bibliotheca Latina Mediae et Infimas ^tatis. 6 Vols. 4°. Patavii. 1754. Fraehn (C. M.). Indications bibliographiques re- latives pour la plupart a la Litterature hiftorico- geographique des Arabes, des Perfans, et des Turcs. (New Edition.) 8°. St. Peterfburg. 1845. [ 54 ] FiiiiST (J.). Bihliotheca Judaica Bibliographica. Handbuch der gefammten Jiidifchen Literatur, nach alphabetifcher Ordnung der Verfaffer bear- beitet. 2 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1849-51. GildemeisteS (J.). Bibliotheca Sanfcrita. 8°. Bonns ad Rhenum. 1847. Hebenstreit (W.). Didtionarium Editionum turn Sele(5tarum turn Optimarum Auftorum Claffico- rum et Grscorum et Latinorum cum Notis criticis, 12°. Vindobons. 1828. A Manual in high Repute. Hadji-Khalfa-Mustafa (B. A. K. I.). Lexi- con bibliographicum et encyclopsdicum. Latine vertit et Commentariis Indicibufque inftruxit G. Fliigel. 6 Vols. 4°. Leipzig. 1835-52. A Work on Oriental Bibliography, &c. confifting largely of defcrip- tive Titles. Herbelot (B. d'). Bibliotheque Orientale, aug- mentee par Schultens. Beft Edition. 4 Vols. 4°. La Haye. 1777-82. A Treafure of ufeful Knowledge, which has done much to draw the Attention of Europeans to the Writings of the Afiatics. Hoffmann (S. F. W.). Bibliographifches Lexicon der gefammten Literatur der Griechen. 2^ Ed. 3 Vols. 8". Leipzig. 1838-45. a Work of the higheft Authority. Hoffmann (S. F. W.). Handbuch zur Bucher- kunde fiir Lehre und Studium der beiden alten [ 55 ] klaffifchen und deutfchen Sprache. 8«. Leipzis, 1838. ^ ^ Very ufeful for Students. Moss (J. W.). Manual of Claffical Bibliography. New Edition. 2 Vols. 8". London. 1837. ScHOELL (pReD.). Repertoire de la Litterature Ancienne, ou Choix d'Auteurs ClafTiques Grecs et Latins, imprimes en Allemagne et en France, 2 Vols. 80. Paris. 1808. ScHWEiGGER (L, P. A.). Handbuch der Klaffifchen Bibliographic. 3 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1830-4. The beft general Book of the Kind extant. Volumes 2 and 3 (Vol. z Parts I and z in Reality), comprifing the principal Part of the Work, are devoted to the Latin Clafficks. WoLFius (J. C). Bibliotheca Hebraea. 4 Vols. 4°. Hamburgi. 1715-33. Zenker (J. T.). Manuel de Bibliographic Ori- entale. 8°. Leipzig. 1846. IX. Bibliography of Modern Nations^ or National Bibliographies. I. America. ALLIBONE (S. A.). A Critical Didlionary of Englifh Literature, and Britifh and Ameri- can Authors, living and deceafed, from the earliefl Accounts to the Middle of the nineteenth Century. [56 ] This Diftlonary, now brought down to the Letter N, will probably be publilhed during the prefent Year. A full Defcription of it is given under Seftion XII. The following E^traft from a Letter of the veteran Biblio- grapher, Thos. Hartwell Home, addrefled to the Publifliers, will Ihow the Importance of the Work in Conneftion with American Bibliography. " Mr. Allibone's Lift of Authorities confulted includes, I believe, every Work of any Value. My own Knowledge of American Authors has hitherto been derived chiefly from the beft Edition of Allen's American Biography, and from Mr. Triibner's concife but truly valuable Guide to American Literature. But henceforth Mr. Allibone's Refearches will leave nothing to be defired.'' AsHER (G. M.). Bibliographical and Hiftorical Effay on the Dutch Books and Pamphlets relating to New-Netherland, and to the Dutch Weft- India Company. Small 4°. Amfterdam. 1854. pp. 120. Alfo a Lift of the Maps and Charts of New-Netherland, and of the Views of New- Amfterdam, by G. M. Afher ; being a Supple- ment to his Bibliographical Effay on New- Netherland. Small 4°. Amfterdam. 1855. pp. 44. AspiNWALL (Col. J.). Bibliotheca America Sep- tentrionalis ; being a choice Collection of Books relating to North America. 8°. Paris. 1820. Bibliographical Catalogue of Books, Tranflations of the Scriptures, and other Publications in the Indian Tongues of the United States. 8<3, Wafhington. 1 849. Bibliotheca Americana ; or a Chronological Cata- logue of the moft curious and interefting Books, Pamphlets, &c. upon North and South America^ [ S7 J in Print and Manufcrjpt ; with an introduftory Difcourfe on the prefent State of Literature in thofe Countries. 4°. London. 1789. Catalogue of Books on the Mafonic Inftitution, in public Libraries of twenty-eight State? of the Union, Antimafonic in Arguments and Conclu- fions. By diftinguiihed literary Gentlemen, Citizens of the United States. With introdudtory Remarks by a Member of the Suffolk Commit- tee of 1829. 8°. Boflon, 1852. pp.270. A Work on Freemafonry rather than a Bibliography. Important iij this Conneftion however, as the Books referred to are all American. Dalrymple (Alexander). Catalogue of Authors who have written on the Rio de la Plata, Para- guay, and Chaco. 4°. London. 1807. Faribault (G. B.). Catalogue d'Ouvrages fur I'Hiiloire de I'Amerique, et en particulier fi;r celle du Canada, 4e la Louiiiane, de I'Acadie, et autres Lieujf, 8% Quebec. 1837. pp.207. In three Parts. The firll Part contains the Authors wjio have written on the Subjeft, arranged alphabetically ; the fecond, anonymous Works arranged chronologically ; and the third, a Catalogue of Maps, Charts, gnd Plans. The Number of Works defcribed is 969, and to many of them defcriptive Notes by the Author, or Notes extrafted from other Works, are added. GiRARD (Charles). Bibliographia Americana Hif- torico-N^turalis ; or. Bibliography of American Natural Hiftory for 1851. 8°. Wafhington. 1852. pp. 70. I [ 58 ] GowANS (William). A Catalogue of Books on Freemafonry and kindred Subjedls. 12°. New York. 1858. pp.59. Giving a Lift of Mafonick Publications, moftly American. Kennett (White.) Bibliothecs Americans Pri- mordia; an Attempt towards laying the Founda- tion of an American Library, 4°. London. 171 3. Kohl (J. G.). Defcriptive Catalogue of thofe Maps, Charts and Surveys relating to America, mentioned in Vol. IIL of Hakluyt's great Work. 8°. Wafhington. 1857. LuDEWiG (H. E.). The Literature of American Local Hiftory; a bibliographical Effay. 8°. New York. 1846. Privately printed, LuDEWiG (H. E.). Triibner's Bibliotheca Glottica. The Literature of American Aboriginal Lan- guages by H. E. Ludewig. With Additions and Corredions by ProfefTor W. W. Turner. Edited by N. Triibner. 8°. London. 1857. pp.283. The lateft Work of this eminent German Bibliographer. " The Name of the Author to all thofe who are acquainted with his former Works, and who know the Thoroughnefs and profound Charafter of his Inveftigations, is a fufficient Guaranty that this Work will be one of ftandard Authority, and one that will fully anfwer the Demands of the prefent Time." — Petz- holdfs Anzeiger,Jan. 1858. Meusel's Bibliotheca Hiftorica. Vols. 3 anii jo. See under Section X. MuNSELL (Joel). The Typographical Mifcellany. 8°. Albany, 1850. pp. 267. [ 59 ] This Book belongs properly to another Scftion (IV) ; having been ac ddentally omitted in its Place, we have introduced it here on account of its Importance in Conneftion with American Bibliography. It gives many interefting Details refpefting American Printers, &c. Norton's Literary Regifter ; or, Annual Book Lift for 1856. 8°. New York. 1856. A Catalogue of Books publiflied in the United States during the Year 1 855, including Reprints, and containing Titles, Number of Pagesj Prices, and Names of Publifliers, with an Index of Subjefts. Prefixed to this Catalogue is a Lift of the principal Publifhers in the United States. Rich (Obadiah). A Catalogue of Books relating principally to America, arranged under the Years in which they were printed, from 1500 to 1700. g°. London. 1832. pp. 129. Containing 486 Articles, being lefs by 667 than the Number contained in Ternaux's Bil/liotheque. Rich (Obadiah). Bibliotheca Americana Nova; or a Catalogue of Books in various Languages, relating to America, printed fince the Year 1700. 8°. London. 1835. pp. 423. Rich (Obadiah). Supplement to the above. 1701- 1800. 8". London. 1841. pp. 424-508. Thefe two Catalogues (Bibliotheca and Supplement), although they contain 25 Z3 Ardcles, are far from being complete. A Merchant of Providence, well known to the Amateurs of this Clafs of Books, has in his own private CoUedtion 3231 early Works upon America, publifhed be- tween the Years 1700 and 1800, of which 1512 are not mentioned by Rich. He has alfo 1 174 Works publifhed previous to the Year 1700, of which 509 are not mentioned by Ternaux ; thus making 4405 separate WORKS relating to America and publifhed previous to the Year 1800, of which 2021 were unknown to the eminent American Bibliographers whofe Catalogues are defcribed in this LIST. [ 6o ] Rich (Obadiah). Bibliotheca Americana Nova. 1 801-1844. (With an alphabetical Index of Authors.) 8°. London. 1846. pp. 412. All of Ricii's Catalogues are important, and eagerly fought for by Book- colleftors, efpecially the earlier ones, which have come to be exceedingly fcarce; Copies of the four Volumes above defcribed have recently been fold in New York for $50. They contain the Titles of the Works in full, with Prices in many Inftances, and occafionally bibliographical Notes, Rich's Sale Catalogues of Works relating to America are alfo import- ant. Oneof thefewaspublifliedin 1832; anda fecondin 1837. pp.40. Roorback (O. A.). Bibliotheca Americana; Cata- logue of American Publications, including Re- prints and original Works, from 1 820 to Odlober, 1852, inclufive; together with a Lift of Period- icals publifhed in the United States. Royal 8°. New York. 1852. pp. 663. Roorback (O. A.). Supplement to the Biblio- theca Americana, from Odlober, 1852, to May, 1855. Royal 8°. New York, 1855. pp. 227. Roorback (O. A.). Addenda to the Bibliotheca Americana; a Catalogue of American Publica- tions from May, 1855, to March, 1858. Royal 8°. New York. 1858. Thefe Catalogues all give the Year, Size, Style of Binding, Price and Publifhers. The net Price of the Bibliotheca is $7 ; the Supplement, $3 ; and the Addenda $3. Ternaux-Compans (M. H.). Bibliotheque Americaine, ou Catalogue des Ouvrages relatifs a I'Amerique. 8°. Paris. 1837. This includes only thofe Works publiflied previous to the Year 1 700. [ 6i ] tt is muck more complete than the correfponding Catalogue of kick, containing 1 1 5 3 Articles, while the latter, as has been already mentioned, defcribes only 486 feparate Works. Trubner's Bibliographical Guide to American Literature ; being a claflified Lift of Books (with Prices), in all Departments of Literature and Science, publiflied in the United States of America, during the laft 40 Years. With an Introdudlion (giving a brief Outline or Sketch of American Literature), Notes, three Appendices, and an Index. 12°. London. 1855. pp. 140. A very ufeful litde Work, fuggefting the Need of a more extenfive ohfe upon a fimilar Plan, by fome Bibliographer in this Country. Mr. Triibner alio publiflied in 1856, a fmall oftavo Pamphlet of 8 Pages, containing a Lift of the Books on the Military Arts and Sciences printed in the United States. Warden (D. B.). Bibliotheca Americana ; being a choice CoUedlion of Books, Maps, Engravings, and Medals relating to North and South America and the Weft-Indies, including Voyages to the Southern Hemifphere, Maps, Engravings and Medals. 8°. Paris. 1840. pp. 124. To this Lift fliould be added Duyckinck's valuable Cyclopadia of American Literature, 2 Vols, royal 8°. New York, 1856, which, althougk biographical rather than bibliographical, is intended to exhibit and illuftrate the Produfts of the American Pen ; Grifwold's Poeti and Poetry of America, with an hiftorical IntroduBion, 8". Philadelphia, 1855 ; Grifwold's Female Poets of America, 8°.; Grifwold's Profe Writers of America, %°. The In- quirer under this Head will alfo confult the Literary World, 1 5 Vols. 4°. New York, 1847-53 ; Norton's Literary Gazette, 3 Vols, fmall folio, and I Vol. 4°. New York, 185 1-4; Norton's Literary Almanac and Regijier, for 1852, 1853, 1854; The Publijher's Circular, a weekly Periodical [ 62 J commenced in New York in 1855, and ftill continued ; Portfolio, 5 Vols. 4". and 42 Vols. 8°. Philadelphia, 1801-27; Anakak Magazine, 16 Vols. 8°. Philadelphia, 1813-20; North American Review, Biblical Re- pofitory and Bibliotheca Sacra, Chriflian Examiner, Methodift ^arterly. Democratic Review, Silliman's Journal, New York Review, Southern Quarterly Review, and other leading Periodicals of the Day. A good bibliographical Work on American Literature is univerfally regarded as a Defideratum. Mr. Henry Stevens, of Vermont, a graduate of Yale Col- lege, has for feveral Years pall refided in London, partly as an American Agent for Books, but more efpecially to avail himfelf of the rich biblio- graphical Treafures of the Britifh Mufeum, in the Preparation of a moft important Work, to be called The Bibliografhia Americana. This will contain a bibliographical Account of the Sources of American Hiftory, comprifing a Defcription of Books relating to America prior to the Year 1700, and of all Books printed in America from 1543 to 1700, together with Notices of many of the more important unpublifhed Manufcripts. When the Work is ready for the Prefs, it will be publifhed in two quarto Volumes. Its Importance to the future Hiftorian will be ineftimable. Would that fome patient, labor-loving Bibliographer like Lowndes, guerard, or Gamba, might continue this Work down to the prefent Time, that we might thus, in our National BibKography, compare favourably with Great Britain, France, and Italy. Mr. Stevens has recently publifhed a Cata- loguef of fuch Books in the Library of the Britifh Mufeum as relate to America. 2. Gkeat Britain. Anderson (Chriftopher). The Annals of the Englifh Bible. 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1841;. An excellent Work publifhed by Pickering. The Appendix to the fecond Volume contains a Lift of the various Editions of the New Tefta- ment and the Bible in Enghfh, with certain publick Libraries and indi- vidual Proprietors in PofTeffion of Copies ; ferving as an Index to the preceding Annals or Hiftory. Beloe (William). Anecdotes of Literature and fcarce Books. 6 Vols. 8°. London. 1807-12. [ 63 ] A Work containing much bibliographical Information, and Extraft? from curious Books, jnoftly Englifh. The Notices are not always to be depended upon. BoHN (John). A Catalogue of an extenfive Col- ledlion of Englifh Books ; to which is appended a Seledlion of valuable foreign Books, and a Spe- cimen of an intended Claffical Catalogue. 8°. London. 1829. Ufeful as part of a bibliographical Apparatus. The Notes and De- fcriptions interfperfed throughout add to its Value. Brydges (S. E.). Cenfura Literaria; containing Titles, Abftrads, and Opinions of old Englifh Books, with original Difquifitions, &c. Second and beji 'Edition, rearranged and enlarged, with a general Index. 10 Vols. 8°. London. 1815. " A Work juftly held in high Eftimation by all Antiquarians in Literar ture." — Lowndes. Brydges (S. E.). The Britifh Bibliographer. (With Portraits.) 4 Vols. 8°. London. 1810-14. Brydges (S. E.). Reflituta; or Titles, Extradls and Characters of old Books in Englifh Litera- ture revived. 4 Vols. 8°. London. 18 14-16. Many hundred Volumes in old Englifti Literature are here defcribed ; fome of the Articles however are unneceflarily prolix. Catalogue of all the Plays ever printed in the Englifh Language. 8°. London. 1726. Clavel (Robert). General Catalogue of Bqoks printed in England, from 1666 to 1680. 3^1 Ed. Folio. London. 1680, [ 64 ] Cotton (Henry). Editions of the Bible and Parts thereof in Enghfh, from 1505 to 1H50; with ^n Appendix containing Specimens of Tranfla- tions, and BibUographical Defcriptions. 2^ Ed. 8°. Oxford. 1852. Cotton (Henry). Rhemes and Doway. An Attempt to fhow what has been done by Roman Catholics for the Diffulio.n of the Holy Script- ures in Englifh. 8°. Oxford. 1855, Foster (B. F.). The Origin and Progrefs of Book-keeping ; comprifing an Account of all the Works on this Subjedt, pubhfhed in the Englifh Language, from 1543 to 1852, with Remarks, critical and hifloriCal. 8°. London. 1852. pp. 54- Griffith (A. F.). Bibliotheca Anglo-Poetica ; or a defcriptive Catalogue of a rare and rich Colleftion of early Englifh Poetry. Illuflrated by occafional Ejftrads and Remarks, critical and biographical. 8". London. 1815. An important Addition to Britilh Bibliography, cofnprehending more poetical Works than any other Publication of the Kind. They are dcr fcribed with unufual Minutenefs and Accuracy. Halliwell (J. O.). Shakefperiana; a Catalogue of the early Editions of Shakefpeare's Plays, and of the Commentaries and other Publications illuflrative of his Works. 8°. London. 1841 pp. 46. Undertaken, as the Author ftates in the Preface, chiefly with a View of fupplymg the Critick and Student with the Means of afcertaining at once [ 65 ] what Sources are available on any particular Points of Inquiry in Sliake- fperian Criticifm, and affording the latter a Manual of bibliographical Information which is indifpenfable to the Attainment of any correft Know- ledge in that Department of Literature. Hume (Rev. A.). The Learned Societies and Printing Clubs of the United Kingdom. 2'^ Edition, with a Supplement by A. I, Evans. Poft 8°. London. 1853. An exceedingly ufeful Work, containing fin Account of the learned Socie- ties and prindng Clubs of England, Scotland, and Ireland, their refpeftive Origin, Hiftory, Objefts, and Conftitution ; with full Details refpedting Memberlhip, Fees, Ltfis of their publijhed Works, etc. etc. The Supple- ment, confifting of 72 Pages, brings the Work down from 1847, the Date of its firft Publication, to 1853. L.ONDON Catalogue of Books, with their Sizes, Prices, and Publifhers ; containing the Books publifhed in London, and thofe altered in Size or Price, 1800-1827. 8°. London. W.Bent. 1827. This Catalogue, now well known as the London Catalogue, was firft publiflied in 1 766, and included the Titles of all Books publiflied in Lon- don from the Beginning of the 1 8th Century. It has been frequently j-eprinted. 1773, 1779, I799> 1805, 181 1, 1812, 1822, &c. London Catalogue, 1 8 14- 1839. 8°. London. R. Bent. 1839. London Catalogue, Supplement, 18 39- 1844. 8°. London. T. Hodgfon. 1844. All the Catalogues above mentioned are confined to Books publilhed in London. London Catalogue of Books publifhed in Great Britain ; with their Sizes, Prices, and Publifli- K [ 66 ] ers' Names, 1 831-1855. 8°. London. T. Hodgfon. 1855. The Defeft of all the London Catalogues is, that they do not give Dates. In this laft Edition, however, the Dates of Works relating to Voyages and Travels, as well as Statutes, Law Reports, &c. are inferted. London Catalogue. Bibliotheca Londinenfis ; a claffified Index to the Literature of Great Britain during thirty Years ; arranged from and ferving as a Key to the London Catalogue of Books, 1814-46. 8°. London. T. Hodgfon. 1848. Low (Sampfon), The Britifh Catalogue of Books publifhed from Odlober 1 837 to December 1 85 1 ; containing Date of Publication, Size, Price, Pub- lifhers' Names, and Edition. Vol. L General Alphabet. 8°. London. 1852. A fecond Volume is announced, which will be a complete Index to the firft, fyftematically arranged, fo as to afford cafy Reference to all Works upon any given Subjeft. Low's Catalogue is more ufeful to Bibliographers generally than the London Catalogue, inafmuch as it gives Editions and Dates. Lowndes (W. T.). The Bibliographer's Manual of Englifh Literature. 4 Vols. 8°. London. 1834- The only general bibliographical Work of the Kind, with the Exception of Watt's Bibliotheca Britanmca, ever publifhed in England. It contains Notices of upwards of fifty thoiifand diftinft Books, pubhflied in Great Britain and Ireland, from the Invention of Printing to 1834. To thefe Notices are annexed, i. A concife Account of the Merits of the Work, taken from Reviews, and Writers of eftablifhed Reputation. 2. Its peculiar ^/^%r^/&V^/Charaaer. 3. Collations of the Contents of the rarer and more important Articles, including a Lift of the Plates. 4.' References i: 67 J to the Number in the Catalogues of celebrated Sales, fpccifying the Price for which the Work was fold. The Manual is now out of Print and fcarce. Copies having been fold at Auftion in New York for $50, at £i1 7s. in London, and at private Sale Hill higher. A new Edition is announced by Bohn, the firft Volume of which has already appeared. Poll 8". London. 1858. Macray (W. D.). a Manual of Britifh Hifto- rians to the Year 1600; containing a chronological Account of the early Chroniclers and monkifli Writers, their printed Works and unpublifhed MSS. 8°. London. 1845. Malone (Edmond). Catalogue of early Englifli Poetry, coUedied and now preferved in the Bo- dleian Library. Folio. Oxford. 1836. Martin (John). Bibliographical Catalogue of Books privately printed in England. 2 Vols. Imp. 8°. London. 1834. Michel (Francifque). Bibliotheque Anglo-Sax- onne. 8°. Paris and London. 1837. The Introduftion confifts of a Letter to the Author of 63 Pages, from J. M. Kemble. MouLE (Thomas). Bibliotheca Heraldica Magnas Brittanniae. An Analytical Catalogue of Books on Genealogy, Heraldry, Nobility, Knighthood and Ceremonies. Royal 8°. London. 1822. An accurate and valuable Work, fays Lowndes, conflfting of pp. Xxiii and 668, with a Portrait of Camden. Nichols (John). Literary Anecdotes of the Eighteenth Century, comprifmg Memoirs of W. [ 68 ] Bowyer, Printer, &c. 9 Vols. Illuftrations of the Literary Hiftory of the Eighteenth Century, 7 Vols. Together 16 Vols. 8°. London. 1812-48. Not ftrialy an Englifli bibliographical Work, but too important in this Conneftion to be omitted. It is too dear for ordinary Purchafers. NicoLsoN (William). Englifh, Scotch, and Irifh Hiftorical Libraries, giving a fhort View and Charadler of moft of our Hiftorians, with an Account of our Records, Law Books, Coins, &c. Royal 4°. London. 1776. Publisher's Circular, and General Record of Britifh and Foreign Literature; containing a complete Alphabetical Lift of all New Works publifhed in Great Britain, and of every Work of Intereft publifhed abroad. Alfo Advertife- ments connected with Literature and the Fine Arts ; to which is annexed, a complete alphabet- ical Catalogue of New Books and new Editions, including Pamphlets, fingle Sermons, &c. with the Sizes, Prices, Dates of Publication, and Pub- lifhers' Names. 1837-57. Vols. i~2o. 8°. London. S. Low & Son. 1837-57. Reid (John). Bibliotheca Scoto-Celtica ; or an Account of all the Books which have been printed in the Gaelic Language; with biblio- graphical and biographical Notices. 8°. London. 1832. RiMBAULT (E. F.). Catalogue of Mufical and Poetical Works published in England in the 1 6th [ 69 ] and 1 7th Centuries, under the Titles of Madri- gals, &c. 8°. London. 1 847. RiTsoN. (Jofeph). Bibliographia Poetica ; a Cata- logue of Engliih Poets of the 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 1 6th Centuries, with a fhort Account of their Works. Crown 8°. London. 1802. Savage (James). The Librarian ; being an Ac- count of fcarce, valuable and ufeful Englifh Books, Manufcripts, Libraries, Public Records, &c. 3 Vols. (18 Numbers.) 8°. London. 1808-9. This is an excellent Work though now fcarce. It is particularly ufeful in pointing out the Number of Plates which ought to be found in complete Copies of rare and coftly Books. Number 19, Volume IV, pp. 48, was publiflied. Smith (J. R.). A Bibliographical Lift of all Works Illuftrating the Provincial Dialefts of England. 8°. London. 1846. Stevens (Henry). Catalogue of my Englifh Library. Poft 8°. London. 1853. pp. 118. This little Book was printed for private Diftribution. It gives a feleft Lift of 5751 Volumes of the beft Editions of the principal ftandard Eng- lifli Authors, with the Contents of each Volume. The Introduftion con- tains fome important Suggeftions in regard to Duties on Books. Thomson (R. D.). lUuftrations of the Hiftory of Great Britain. 2 Vols. 12°. Edinburgh. 1828. The Introduftion, Pages 113, is on the Sources of Britifh Hiftory. Upcott (William). A Bibliographical Account of the principal Works relating to Britifh Topo- graphy. 3 Vols. 8°. London. 1818. A Work of great Value. [ 7° ] Walpole (Horace). Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors of England ; enlarged and con- tinued by Park. 5 Vols. 8°. London. 1 806. Wright (Thomas). Biographia Britannica Lite- raria; or Biography of literary Characters of Great Britain and Ireland, arranged in chrono- logical Order. Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman Periods. (With bibliographical Lifts of Works, &c.) 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1842-6. Watt (Robert). Bibliotheca Britannica; or a General Index of Britifh and Foreign Literature. 4 Vols. 4°. Edinburgh. 1824. A Work of immenfe Labour, and of the higheft Utility ; for, notwith- ftanding its Imperfeftions, it contains a Mafs of the moft valuable Matter, difpofed in fuch a Form as to be of great Affiftance to Perfons defirous of afcertaining what Works have been written on a particular Subjeft, or by a particular Author. Vols, i and z contain an alphabetical Catalogue of Authors and their Works. Vols. 3 and 4, a general Index. It was publiflied atJBii lis. inbds. The Author's Death in 1819, was occa- fioned, it is faid, by his laborious Exertions in compiling this Bibliography. Wilson (John). Shakfperiana. Cataloge of all the Books, Pamphlets, &c. relating to Shakfpeare; to which are fubjoined an Account of the early quarto Editions of the great Dramatift's Plays and Poems, the Prices at which many Copies have fold in public Sales, with a Lift of principal Editions of his collefted Works. Poft 8°. Lon- don. 1827. pp, no. 1. 71 J 3. France, BiBLiOGRAPiiiE de la France, ou Journal general de rimprimerie et de la Librairie et des Cartes geo- graphiques, &c. 47 Vols. 8°. Paris. 181 1-58. This weekly Periodical, which we have defcribcd under Scftion XIII, is really the firll of its Kind, Ihowing how the yearly Accumulation of literary Works can be recorded in the moft apthcntick Manner. The Numbers conftitute a Series of 47 oftavo Volumes, with carefully pre- pared Tables or Indexes. BosgANGE (Heftor). Catalogue de Livres Fran^ais, Anglais, AUemands, Efpagnols, Grecs et Latins, Italiens, Portugais, Orientaux, etc. etc. ; Suivi de Prix courants. Royal 8°. Paris. 1845. pp.984. Giving the Titles mollly of French Books with current Prices. They are arranged according to Subjefts, with a Divifion appropriated to each Department of Literature, Science, and Art, and a general Index. The Author has fince publiflied five Supplements, containing in addition to Tides of Books, priced Catalogues and Defcripdons of Church Ornaments, optical, philofophical, mathematical, aftronomical and nautical Inftruments, anatomical Models in Wax, &c. &c. All of Boflange's Catalogues are indilpenfable Manuals for the Colleftor of foreign Books. BossANGE (Hedtor). Ma Bibliotheque Fran9aife. Poft 8°. Paris. 1855. This is an elegantly printed and very ufeful Book of 480 Pages, giving a feleft Lift of about 7000 Volumes of the beft Editions of ftandard French Authors, to which is added a threefold Index of Subjefts, Authors, and Perfons. The peculiar Merit of the Work, afide from the good Judgment and Skill evinced in the Seleftions, is, tliat it is a model Cata- logue, giving brief biographical Notices of the Authors, ai)d adding to the Titles of all collefted Works, the accurate Contents of each Volume. [72 ] BossANGE (Heftor) & Fils, Bulletin Biblio- graphique ; Lifte des Ouvrages nouveaux publics en France. Duodecimo. Paris. A fmall monthly Sheet of eight Pages. It has pow entered upon its 29th Year. Delandine (A. P.). Memoires bibliographiques et litteraires. 8°. Lyons. 18 17. Desessarts (N. L. M.). Siecles Litteraires de la France, ou nouveau Didiionnaire hiftorique, critique, et bibliographique des Ecrivains Fran- fais jufqu'a la Fin du XVIIP Siecle. (With Supplement.) 7 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1800-3. DiCTiONNAiRE biographique et bibliographique des Predicateurs et Sermonnaires Fran9ais, par I'Abbe delaP. 8°. Paris. 1824. Ersch (J. S.). La Franqe Litteraire; contenant les Auteurs Franfais de 1771 a 1796. 5 Vols. 8°. Hambourg. 1797- 1806, GiRAULT DE Saint-Fargeau (A.). Bibliographic hiftorique et typographique dc la France, ou Catalogue de tons les Ouvrages imprimes jufqu'au Mois d'Avril 1845. 4°. Paris, 1845. GiRAULT DE Saint-Fargeau (A.). Bibliographic hiftorique et typographique de la Ville de Paris. 8°. Paris. 1847. Girault is a diftinguilhed French Bibliographer, and the Author of many ufeful Works. [ 1Z ] GoNAN (P. M.). Bibliographic Hiftorique de la Ville de Lyon pendant la Revolution Fran9aife, 8°. Lyons. 1845, Journal general de la Litterature de France, ou Indicateur bibliographique et raifone des Livres nouveaux en tons Genres, Eftampes, Cartes g?ographiques, etc., qui paraifTent en France, clafles par Ordre de matieres, 1798- 1840. 43 Vols. (With Tables.) 8°. Paris. Treuttel h Wiirtz. " Not very txaCt."— Brunei. Lelong (Le Pere J.). Bibliotheque Hiftorique de la France, contenant le Catalogue des Ouvrages imprimes et Manufcrits qui traitent de I'Hiftoire de ce Royaume, avec des Notes critiques et hifto- riques. (New Edition revifed and enlarged by M. Fevret de Fontette.) 5 Vols. Folio. Paris. 1768-78. This is univerfally acknowledged to be the ableil and moft laborious Work which fpecial Bibliography has produced. It is fcarcely poffible to find a Volume or a Manufcript connefted with French Hiftory, not fully defcribed in fome one of the 50,000 Articles which make up the Work. The 5th Volume contains Additions and Correftions, and nine Indexes, geographical, chronological, alphabetical, &c., including a Table of anonymous Authors. QueRARD (J. M.). La France Litteraire, ou Dic- tionnaire bibliographique des Savants, Hiftoriens ou Gens de Lettres de la France, ainii que des Litterateurs etrangers qui ont ecrit en Fran^ais, plus particulierement pendant les XVIIP et XIX^ Siecles. lo Vols. 8°. Paris. 1827-39. L [ 74 J La France Litteraire is the moft extenfive and complete Work on national Bibliography extapt. It gives an Account, not only of French Authors and their Works in all Departments of Literature, but alfo of others who have vrritten in the French Language during the 1 8th and 1 9th Centuries. The Defcriptions and critical Remarks are very full, and the Prices are generally given. Each Volume averages 650 Pages of double Columns in fmall, clear Type. Querard is an indefatigable Biblio:. grapher whofe Reputation, Boflange remarks, is as univerfal as well de- ferved. He publilhes at the prefent Time a monthly Periodical called Le ^erard Journal de Bibliographie et Bihliographie Fratifaife, which is highly ufeful. QueRARD (J. M.). La Litterature Franfaife Cop- temporaine, 1827-49, par Felix Bourquelot. 6 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1842-57. Commenced by guerard in Continuation of his great Work, la France Litteraire, and completed by Bourquelot. QueRARD (J. M.). Les Ecrivains Pfeudonymes &c. 8°. Paris. 1854-5. QueRARD (J. M.). Les Supercheries Litteraires devoilees. Galeries des Auteurs apocryphes, deguifes, plagiaires, et des Editeurs infideles de la Litterature Franfaife pendant les quatre derniers Siecles. 4 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1847-52. Ventouillac (L. T.). The French Librarian, or Literary Guide, pointing out the beft Works of the principal Writers of France, in every Branch of Literature, with Criticifms, perfonal Anecdotes, and bibliographical Notices. b° London. 1829. Brunet, defcribed under Sedlion X, although a [75 ] general Work, is very rich in the Department of French BibUography ; fo alfo is the Biographie Unwerfelle, noticed under Sedlion XII, a Work abfolutely neceflary to the bibliographical Appa- ratus of a firft Clafs Library. 4. Germany. AsHER (Adolphus). A Bibliographical Ellay on the Scriptores Rerum Germanicarum. 4°. Lon- don and Berlin. 1843. Giving a detailed bibliographical Account of twenty-two Colleftions of contemporary German Hiftorians, publifhed from 1532 to 1841 ; wi'h a Lift of all the Authors noticed in thefe Colleftions, arranged according to the Periods to which their Writings refer, and an alphabetical Lift of the Editions of each Author incorporated in the Scriptores Rerum Germanica- rum. The Information contained in this Eflay is very important, and cannot be found elfewhere, at leaft in fo convenient a Form. BuDERUs (C. G.). Bibliotheca Scriptorum Rerum Germanicarum. Folio. Jena. 1730. BucKNER (R.). Bibliographifches Handbuch der deutfchen dramatifchen Literatur. 4°> Berlin. 1837. Engelmann (Wilhelm). Bibliotheca Geographica. 2 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1858. A claflified Catalogue of all the Works on Geography and Travels publifhed in Germany from the Middle of the 14th Century down to the End of the Year 1856; with Prices and a complete Index. Engelmann (Wilhelm.). Bibliothek der fchonen WilTenfchaft. (A Lift of German Romances, t 76 Plays, and Poems, publifhed from 1730 to 1845, with Prices, &c.) 2 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1 837-46. Engelmann (Wilhelm). Bibliotheca Philologica< (A Lift of Greek and Latin Grammars, Didiona- ries, &c. publiihed in Germany, from 1750 to 1852, with Prices, etc. 3^^ Ed. 8°. Leipzig. 1853. Alfo, Bibliotheca Juridica. 2 Vols, k, Supplement. 8°. Leipzig. 1 840-9 ; Bibliotheca Mechanico- Technologica. 8°. Leipzig. 1844; Bibliotheca Scriptorum Clafficorum. 8°. Leipzig. 1847-53; Bibliotheca Medico- Chirurgica et Anatomico- Phyfiologica. 8°. Leipzig. 1 848 ; Bibliotheca CEconomica. 8°. Leipzig. 1841; Bibliotheca Veterinaria, 8°. Leipzig. 1 843 ; Bibliotheca Zoologica et Paleontologica. 8°. Leipzig; Biblio- thek der Forft und Jagdwiffenfchaften. 8°. Leip- zig, 1 843 ; Bibliothek der Handlungfwiflenfchaft. 8°. Leipzig, 1 846 ; Bibliothek der neueren Sprachen, 1800-41. 8°. Leipzig. 1842. Total 12 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1840-53. Thefe are all feparate Catalogues, with Prices, of the Books on Tech- nology, the Clafficks, Zoology, the Healing Art, Anatomy, Surgery, &c. which are publiflied in Germany, and the adjoining States. They are very accurate and valuable. Ersch (J. S.). Handbuch der deutfchen Litera- tur. 2'i Ed. 4 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1822-45. A clafled Catalogue of all the Books publiflied in Germany from the Middle of the i8th Century, down to the prefent Time, continued by Refe and Geiffler, with Tables, &c. One of the very beft Works on German Bibliography. [ 11 \ iiRscH (J. S.). Bibliographlfches Handbuch der philofophifchen Literatur der Deutfchen, 1750- 1850. 8°. Leipzig. 1850. HEiNsius(Wilhelm). Algemeines Bucher-Lexicon. (With 6 Supplements.) 14 Vols. 4"^. Leipzig. 1812-56. An alphabetical Catalogue of all the Books publifhed in Germany from 1 700 to 1852, with the Sizes, Dates, Prices, and Publifliers' Names. Thii original Work, 1 700-1810, was publiflied in 1 8 1 2, 4 Vols.; the firft Supplement, 1811-21, was publiflied in 1817-22, 2 Vols.; the fecond, 1822-27, was publiflied in 1829, i Vol.; the third, with Corredions by Kayfer, 1828-34, was publiflied in 1 836-8, 2 Vols.; the fourth, by O. A. Schulz, 1835-41, was pubhflied in 1846-9, 2 Vols.; the fifth, 1842-46, was publiflied in 1848-9, 2 Vols.; the fixth Supplement, by L. F. A. Schiller, 1847-52, was publiflied in 1853-6, I Vol. Ebert fpeaks of the firft Part of this Work as " extremely faulty and uncertain." The Supplements are prepared with more Care, and are far better Specimens of Typography. A feventh Supplement, 1852-6^ is in Progrefsi HiNRiCHS (T. C). Verzeichnifs der Biicher, Landkarten, &c. (Catalogue of all the Books, Maps, &c. including new Editions, publifhed in Germany from year to year, with Sizes, Prices^ Publifhers, and claffified Indexes.) 12°. Leipzig. Germany takes Precedence of all Countries in the Book trade, and the Book trade takes Precedence of every other. The Number of publifliing and book felling Houfes of every Defcription in the Kingdoms and States of Germany, and the adjoining Countries where the German Language prevails, is fomewhat above a thoufand. Leipfic is the great Centre Of this Trade, where the femi-annual Book Fairs are held at Eafter and Michaelmas. Thefe Catalogues, commenced in 1797, and now publiflied by Hinrichs in Leipfic, in common with other Bookfellers, who fubftitute their own Names for that of Hinrichs upon the Title Page, are prepared with reference to thefe Fairs, and may therefore be regarded as the uni- verfal Catalogues of the German Bookfellers from half Year to half Year. [78 ] They conftitute an important Part of German Bibliography. They are commonly fold as annual Catalogues, two being bound together. In Gotdngen alfo are publiihed by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht femi-annual Catalogues, very accurately and carefully prepared with the following Titles : Bibliotheca Theohgica, von C. J. F. W. Ruprecht ; Bibliotheca Phikhgica, von L. Ruprecht ; Bibliotheca Hiftorico-Naturdis, von E. A. Zuchold; Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica, von C. J. F. W. Ruprecht; Bibliotheca Hijlorico-Geographica, von G. Schmidt. Julius (N. H.). Bibliotheca Germano-Glottica. 8°. Hamburgi. 1817. Kayser (C. G.). VoUflandiges Biicher-Lexicon, &G. (With 3 Supplements.) 13 Vols. 4°. Leipzig. 1834-53)- With the Exception of Heinfius, juft defcribed, the moft extenfive Work on German Bibliography extant ; being an alphabetical Catalogue of all Books, &c. publifhed in Germany, in all Departments of Science, Art, and Literature, from 1700 to 1852, with Sizes, Prices, and Publifhcrs. It is a better printed Book than that of Heinfius, and more convenient for Ufe, there being fewer Supplements. The iirft fix Volumes include the Works publiflied from 1700 to 1832 ; Volume Vllis a Jyftematick Index to thefe Volumes, prepared by L. Schumann, and publiflied in 1838; Volumes VIII and IX conftitute a Supplement, from 1832 to 1841 ; Volumes X and XI a Supplement, from 1841 to 1847; Volumes XII and XIII a Supplement, from 1847 to 1853, prepared by E. A. Zuchold. It is a Matter of Regret that this, like moft other Works on German Bibliography, gives fimply Titles, unaccompanied by critical or biblio- graphical Notices. Were the German Works in this Refpeft like the national Bibliographies of Lowndes, Querard, or Gamba, or the general Bibliographies of Ebert and Brunet, they would be far more ufeful. Schwab (Guftav), Wegweifer durch die Literatur der Deutfchen. Ein Handbuch fiir Laien ; heraufgegeben von Guftav Schwab und Karl Klupfel. 2^ Ed. 8°. Leipzig. 1 847. [ 79 1 A third Edition of this capital Booiv on German Bibliography is an- nounced. The Works dcfcribed are arranged in ClafTes, an alphabetical Index of Authors being appended. The Notes are uncommonly full and accurate, and the Prices in all Cafes are given. As a Guide in the Forma- tion of a feleft German Library it is an invaluable Manual. Taylor (William.). Hiftoric Survey of German Poetry, interfperfed with various Tranflations. 3 Vols. 8°. London. 1828-30. Not ftriftly a bibliographical Work, but too important in this Con- nexion to be omitted. Thimm (F. L. J.). The Literature of Germany, from its earlieft Period to the prefent Time. Edited by W. H. Farn. 1 2°. London. 1 844. This is an excellent little Manual of 300 Pages, indicating the principal German Authors and their Works, with biographical and critical Notes, and Lifts of German Periodicals, Works upon German Literature, &c. Germany is efpecially rich in its literary Hifto- ries, many of which are highly important to the Bibliographer. The General Bibliographical Die-' tionary of Ebert, defcribed under another Head, is invaluable for it§ Nptices of Works in early German Literature. 5. Italy. BiBLiOGRAFiA Italiana offia Elenco generale delle Opere, ftampate in Italia, 1 1 Vols. 8°. Milan. 1835-46. The firft Number of this monthly Periodical was publifhed in January, 1835. It is ftrialy bibliographical in its Charafter, giving the Titles, Pages, Prices, Publiftiers, &c., with illuftrative Notes, of all Works pub- lifhed in Italy from Month to Month, and of all Italian Books publifhed in other Countries. Thefe monthly Numbers at the End of each Year are bound up into oftavo Volumes, to which are appended ufeful Statifticks, [ 8o J and copious alphabetical and claffified Indexes. A Set of thefe Volumes would be an invaluable Addition to any bibliographical Library. The Work was difcondnued in 1 846. BiBLiOGRAFiA od Elenco ragionato delle Opere con- tenute nella Collezione de' Claffici Italian!. 8°, Milan. 1 8 14. This gives a detailed Account of all the Italian Writers publilhed by the Claffico-typographical Society of Milan, as well as of the principal early Editions. BiBLiOGRAPiA dei Romanzi e Poemi Cavallerefchi Italiani. a'i Edition. 8°. Milan. 1838. This excellent Bibliography is the Work of M. D. Gatano de' Conri Melzi, a celebrated Bookfeller of Milan. It was firft publifhed in 1 828. Brydges (S. E.). Res Literarias; Bibliographical and Critical. O (ft. 1820 to Feb. 1822. 3 Vols. 8q, Naples, 1821. Rome, 1821. Geneva. 1822. The main Objeft of thefe Volumes is Italian Literature, and efpecially Italian Poetry, of which its Notices are very extenfive. Copies are no\v very rare, only 75 having been printed. Mr. Harrott's Set fold for £S. Cantii (Ignazio). L' Italia Scientifica Contempo- ranea. 8°. Milan. 1844. Being the Biographies of the fcientifick Men of Italy, with Lifts of their Works. FoNTANiNi (Giufto). BibliQteca dell' Eloquenza Italiana, con le Annotazioni del Signor Apoftolo Zeno. 2 Vols. 4°. Parma. 1803-4. The lateft and beft Edition of a Work rendered invaluable as one of the chief Sources, or as Ebert expreifes it, " the chief Source for Italian Bibliography," by the copious Notes of Zeno. The firft Edition was pubhfhed in 1737. An Index to the laft Edidon was publilhed in a quarto Volume, in 1 8 1 1 . [ 8i ] Gamba da Bassano (Bartolommeo). Delle No- velle Italiane in Profa Bibliografia. 2^ Edition. 8°. Firenze. 1835. a detailed Account of the Works of the Italian Novellifts, arranged according to Centuries, from the 14th to the 19th, inclufive. Appended are the Colleftions of Novels of various Authors, and an alphabetical Index to the Whole. Gamba da Bassano (Bartolommeo). Serie dei Tefti di Lingua. 4th Edition. Royal 8°. Venezia. 1839. pp. 820. This is truly an admirable Work, being to the Italian Bibliographer, what Rich is to the American, Lowndes to the Englilh, guerard to the French, and Kayfer or Erfch to the German. The Notices are very full and accurate. It is divided into two Parts. The firft contains the beft Editions, ancient and modern, of all the Works cited in the Vocabo- lario degli Accademici della Crufca. In the fecond Part are defcribed the beft Editions of the principal Works publifhed fmce the Invention of Printing, either pertaining to the Study of the Language, or forming a Part of Italian Literature. Like the previous Work, this fecond Part is arranged according to Centuries, from the 14th to the 19th inclufive. To the Whole is appended a copious alphabetical Index. Copies of this Work are now very fcarce. Haym (N. F.). Biblioteca Italiana ofia Notizia de' Libri rari Italiani. 2 Vols. 4°, Milan. 177 1-2. Beft Edition, well printed, and provided with a general Index. Haym, fays Ebert, can only be ufed with the greateft Precaution, in confequence of his general Inaccuracy. His BibHoteca neverthelefs is an important Part of Italian Bibliography. PoGGiALi (Gaet.). Serie dei Tefti di Lingua ftampati, che fi citano nel Vocabolario della Crufca. 2 Vols. 8°. Livorno. 181 3. In addition to the above defcribed Works on Italian Bibliography, the Stu- dent fhould confult the immortal Work of Tirabofchi, and alfo of Ginguene, M [ 82 ] both of which, though literary Hiftories, give Accounts of Authors an4 their Produftions. For the lateft Publications in Italy the beft Work is perhaps Archivio Storico Italiano, a Periodical publifhed in Florence. 6. Spain, Poktugal and Northern Europe. Adelung (Friedrich). Kritifch-literarifche Ueber- ficht der Reifenden in Ruffland bis 1700, deren Berichte bekannt find, von demfelben, 2 Vols. Large 8°. St. Peterfburg. 1846. Antonio (Nicolao). Bibliotheca Hifpana Vetus, ad Annum 1500. Curante F. P. Bayer. 2 Vols. Folio. Matriti. 1788. Antonio (Nicolao). Bibliotheca Hifpana Nova, ab Anno 1500, ad Annum 1684. 2 Vols. Folio. Matriti. 17B3-8. Both thefe Works are highly efteemed for their Style and general Cor- reftnefs. The Vetus is in chronological, the Nova in alphabetical Order, according to the Chriftian Names of the Authors. Dibdin in his Library Companion, fpeaks of them as the mafter Key to unlock the Treafures of Spanifh Literature, adding : " If this Work of Antonio be valuable, it is unluckily rare and dear. I never faw but one Copy of it upon LARGE Paper ; and that one is magnificently bound in red Morocco, in the Library of Francis Freeling, Efq." This identical Copy, or one precifely like it, has recently found its way, among other choice literary Treafures, into the private Library of a Providence Merchant, to whofe CoUeftion we have already referred under Rich's Bibliotheca Americana. Bentkowskiego (F.). Hiftorya Literatury Pol- fkiey. (The Hiftory of the Polifh Literature exhibited in a Lift of Writings made known through the Prefs.) 2 Vols. 8°. Warfzawie. 1 8 14. [ 83 ] BoLETiN Bibliografico Efpafiole Eftrangero. i2°. Madrid. 1840. Similar to the Bibliografia Italiana. It is a fortnightly Periodical, the firft Number of which was publilhed in Auguft, 1840. At the ;^nd of each Year thefe Numbers are bound together, with Indexes appended. BouTERWEK (Frederick). Hiftory of Spanifh and Portuguefe Literature, tranflated by Rofs. (With biographical and bibliographical Notices.) 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1823. BuHLE (J. G.). Verfuch einer kritifchen Literatur der Ruffifchen Gefchichte. Theil L enthaltend die Literatur der alteren allgemeinen nordifchen Gefchichte. 8°. Mofkwa. 18 10. The z"* and 3'' Volumes of this Work, which were annouhcdd, have not yet appeared. Casiri (Michaelis). Bibliotheca Arabico-Hifpana Efcurialenfis. 2 Vols. Folio. Matriti. 1760-70. Containing large Extrafts in the original Arabick and Latin from the MSS. in the Efcurial, with an Account of their Ages, and a Life of the Author when known. Gibbon has made great Ufe of it in his fifty-firft Chapter, and Harris, in his Philological Inquiries, has analyzed the Con- tents. The Book is a fine Specimen of Typography. Castro (J. R. de). Biblioteca Efpanola. 2 Vols. Folio. Madrid. 178 1-6. The firft Volume contains the Spanifh Rabbins, and the fecond the Heathen and Chriftian Writers to the End of the 13th Century. CiNELLi (C. G.), Biblioteca Volante continuato da San CafTani. i^ Edition. 4 Vols. 4°. Venezia. 1734-47- [ H] Lelewel (Joach.). Obfervations fur la Biblio- graphie Ancienne de la Pologne, avec I'Hiftoire des Bibliotheques dans ce Pays. (In Polifh.) 2 Vols. 8°. Wilna. 1823-6. Machado (P. D. B.). Bibliotheca Lufitana Critica et Chronologica. 4 Vols. Folio. Lifbon. 1741-59- The great Work on Portuguefe Bibliography, " beyond," fays Dibdin, " all Competition and beyond all Praife." The feven Indexes in the fourth Volume are regarded as the ne plus ultra of Diligence, Exadlnefsj and general Utility. It is rare and difficult to find, even in Portugal, and Is confequently very expenfive. Memorias de Literatura Portugueza, publiadas pela Real Academia das Sciencias de Lifboa. 8 Vols. 4°. Lifboa. 1 785-1 812. Memorias de la Real Academia de la Hiftoria. 7 Vols. 40. Madrid & Sancha. 1796-1832. " On remarque dans ce Recueil plufieurs Memoires curieux de MM. Martin de UUoa, Fr. Martinez Marina, Mart. Fern, de Navarrete, Jos. Ant. Conde, etc." — Brunet. Napiersky(C. E.). Verzeichnifs der neuerfchienen Schriften zur Gefchichte Liv-, Efth- und Kur- lands. Fiir die Jahre 1847-55. 8°- Regia Nyerup (R.). & Kraft (J. E.). Almindeligt Litteratur- Lexicon fur Denmark, Norge, og Ifland. 2 Vols. 40. Kjobenh. 1820. a univerfal literary Lexicon of Denmark, Norway and Iceland, giving an Account of Authors and their Works, with Dates and Particulars of Editions. [ 85 ] Otto (Friedrich). Hiftoiy of Ruffian Literature, with a Lexicon of Ruffian Authors. Tranflated from the German by George Cox, 8°. Oxford. 1839. The Lexicon occupies three hundred Pages, conftituting the principal Part of the Work. Recke &Napiersky. Algemeines Schriftfteller- und Gelehrten-Lexikon der Provinzen Livland, Efthland und Kurland. 4 Vols. Thick 8°. Mitau. 1827-32. An extenfive Account of the Literature of the Baltic Provinces of Ruffiaj including a Portion of Poland and the eaftern Provinces of Pruffia. Salva (Vicente). Catalogue of Spaniffi and Por- tuguefe Books, with bibliographical Remarks. 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1826-7. Very valuable and extremely rare. Contributions to Spanifli and Por- tuguefe Bibliography are to be found in the Repertorio Americano, a Londoii Journal, pubUflied by Salva. Stukkenberg (J. C.). Verfuch eines Quellen- Anzeigers alter und neuer Zeit fiir das Studium der Geographie, Topographic, Ethnographie und Statiftik des Ruffifchen Reiches. 2 Vols. (With a Supplement). 8°. St. Peterfburg. 1849-52. TiCKNOR (George). The Hiftory of Spanifh Lite- rature. (With biographical and bibliographical Notices, and a copious Index.) 3 Vols. 8°. New York. 1849. Mr. Ticknor has probably the largeft private Colleftion of Spanilh Books out of Spain. His Hiftory is univerfally efteemed, having already been tranflated into feveral European Languages. [ 86 ] Warmholtz (C. G.). Bibliotheca Hiftorica Sueo- Gothica. (Hiftoric Library of Sweden, or, Indi- cation of Works, both printed and in Manufcript, relative to the Hiftory of Sweden, with critical Notices, continued by Aurivillius. /w Swedifh.) 15 Vols. 8°. Stockholm. 1782-18 17. BossANGE, Barthes et Lowell's Catalogue des Livres Fran9ais, Italiens, Efpagnols, Orientaux, &c. is a Very ufeful Work for the Bibliography of French, Italian, Spanifh, Portuguefe and Oriental Books. They are arranged in Clafles, with Prices, occafional Notices, and an Index of Authors ; the whole forming a Book of 538 Pages. 8°. London. 1843. X. Gefieral Bibliographies. THE Works which are to be confidered under this Sedlion and the one following, fometimes called Dictionaries, fometimes Catalogues, and fometimes Bibliothec^, conftitute the moft generally ufeful and interefting Clafs of bibliographical Publications. By fhowing what has been written in all the various Branches of human Knowledge in every Age and Country, they adt as Guides to the Inquiries of the learned ; while, by pointing out the Differences of Editions, etc. etc. they conftitute Manuals of ready Information for the profeffed Bibliographer. Works of this Clafs are called general or special. [ 87 J according as their Objeca is to indicate Books in all, or in one only of the Departments of Science or Literature. The former only afpire to point out rare, remarkable or important Books ; for no Attempt has yet been made, or probably ever will be made, to compile a complete universal biblio- graphical Diftionary. On the other Hand, it is the Obje6t of special Bibliographies to notice all, or the greater Part, of thofe Books, that have been publiihed on the Subjects which they embrace ; and hence their fuperior Utility to fuch as are engaged in the Study or Inveftigation of any particular Topic. It is by Means of fuch Works, fays Dr. Johnfon, that " the Student comes to know what has been written on every Part of Learning ; that he avoids the Hazards of encountering Difficulties which have already been cleared ; of difcuffing Queftions which have already been decided ; and of digging in Mines of Literature which have already been exhaufted." (Preface to the Catologus Bibliothecce Harleianoe. ) Thus Bibliography, or a Knowledge of Books, if it may not afpire to be called Learning, may certainly be confidered in this Light, as one of Learning's befl Helps. The following are fome of the moft important Works under this Head : Appleton's Library Manual; containing a Cata- logue Raifonne of upwards of 1 2000 of the moft important Works in every Department of Know- ledge, in all modern Languages. 8°. New York. 1847. [ 88 ] Barbier (A. A.). Nouveau Bibliotheque d'un Homme de Gout, contenant des Jugements tires de Journaux les plus connus et des Critiques les plus eftimes, fur les meilleurs Ouvrages qui ont paru dans tous les Genres, tant en France que chez I'Etranger. 5 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1808-10. The Name of Defeflarts was put upon the title Page of this Edition, becaufe he Ihared with Barbier the Expenfe of publifhing. He made no literary Contribution whatever to the WoA.—^drard. Barbier's Biblio- theque was for a long Time regarded as indilpenfable to Book-coUeaors. It is now fuperfcded by the more recent Diftionaries of Ebert and Brunet. BiBLioTHECA Grenvilliana, or Bibliographical No- tices of rare and curious Books, forming Part qf the Library of the Right Hon. Thos. Grenville. By John Thos. Payne and Henry Fofs. Part I. 2 Vols. 8°. London. 1842. BiBLioTHECA Grenvilliana, Part the Second, com- pleting the Catalogue of the Library, bequeathed to the Britifh Mufeum by the late Right Hon. Thos. Grenville. By John Thos. Payne and Henry Fofs. 8°. London. 1848. The firfl: Part of this elegantly printed Catalogue was made at Mr. Qrenville's own Expenfe. The Titles are arranged alphabetically accord- ing to the Names of Authors, accompanied by copious bibliographical Notes, and preceded by a good Index and References to the Books and Manufcripts upon Vellum. The prefent Price of this Catalogue is ftated by Mr. Sims to be £3 3s. The fecond Part was made by Order ofthe Truftees after the Library had been depofited in the Mufeum. This can be purchafed for the Sum of £1 i is. 6d. The three Volumes conftitute an invaluable Acceffion to any CoUeftion of Bibliographical Works, Tl^e firft two come more properly under Sedlion Y; Rare Books. [ 89 ] The Grenville Library, of which the Catalogues, here defcribed are the Inventory, was the Refult of a continued and unwearied Purfuit of nearly fifty Years on the Part of the illuftrious CoUeftor. It was " formed and preferved," fays the Annual Report of Britifh Mufeum for the Year 1 847, "with the exquifite Tafte of an accomplifhed Bibliographer, with the Learning of a profound and elegant Scholar, and the fplendid Liberality of a Gentleman in affluent Circumllances, who employed in adding to his Library whatever his generous Heart allowed him to fpare from filently relieving thofe whofe Wants he alone knew." It confifts of 20,240 Vol- umes, forming about 16,000 Works, the Coft of which is ftated to have been upwards of £54,000. BoHN (H. G.). A Catalogue of Books. 8°. London. 1841. Commonly known as Bohn's Guinea Catalogue. It contains 2100 Pages, bound in a fuperiour Manner, having been compiled, as the Pub- liflier ftates in his Preface, at an Outlay of upwards of two thoufand Pounds, The Books enumerated are in various Languages, arranged alphabetically according to Claffes as far as prafticable, accompanied with Prices and Indexes, and interfperfed throughout with bibliographical and literary Notices. The Catalogue reprefents, it is ftated, the Jargeft and moft feleft Aflbrtment of Books ever before recorded as the Stock of a Bookfeller. It is now being reproduced in three oftavo Volumes, two of which have already appeared ; the Jirji (mentioned under Sedlion I.), in 1 847 ; and the fecond (mentioned under Seftion VIIL), in 1850. All of thefe Cata^ logues are invaluable as a Part of the Book-coUeftor's working Apparatus, Brunet (J. C). Manuel du Libraire et de I'Amateur de Livres. 4'^^ Edition. 5 thick Vols. Royal 8°. Paris. 1842-4. This Manual, the Refults of more than 40 Years of Experience and Refearch, is by far the moft extenfive and ufeful Work of the Kind extant. The original Edition was publilhed in three oftavo Volumes in 1 810. The firft four Volumes, confift of an alphabetical and defcriptive Cata- logue, of upwards of 20,000 of the moft important Works which have been publiftied, in the ancient, and in the principal modern Languages, N [ go ] from the Invention of Printing to the prefent Time; with the Hiftory of the different Editions, the Prices for which they have been fold withm the laft 60 Years, critical Remarks, etc. etc. In the fifth Volume are claffified, in accordance with the bibliographical Syftem generally adopted in France, not only all the Works defcribedin the previous Volumes, but alfo 12,000 additional ones, thus making 32,000 feparate Works, or about 60,000 Volumes, comprifed in the Manual. In this laft Volume may be found an extenfive Lift of bibliographical Works. No Library of Importance can difpenfe with Brunet. De Bure (G. F.). Bibliographic Inftrudlive, ou Traite de la Connoiffance des Livres rares et finguliers. 7 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1763-8, The Books defcribed in this Work which might very properly come under another Head, are arranged, in Subdivifions, under the five grand Claffes of Theology, Jurifprudence, Sciences and Jrts, Belles-Lettres, and Hijiory. The Names of the Authors in all thefe Claffes are placed alpha- betically in the laft Volume. De Bure publiftied a Supplement to this Work with the following Title : Supplement a la Bibliographie InJlruRive, ou Catalogue des Livres de Louis Jean Gaignat. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris, 1769. An Index to anonymous Works was alfo publifhed in 1782, entitled, Bibliographie InflruSlive, Tome dixieme. Probably no Publication has contributed fo much to make the Study of Bibliography popular, as this elegant and judicious Performance. The Articles which the Author de- fcribes amount to upwards of 6000, in regard to which ample Details are given. The Account of the famous American CoUeftions of De Bry for Inftance, extends to 1 20 Pages. De Bure was a Bookfeller at Paris, of great Eminence in his Profeffion, but ftill more diftinguiflied for extenfive Information in all Matters pertaining to Bibhography and literjiry Hiftory. His Works are much confulted at the prefent Day. Denis (F.). & P1N90N (P.). Nouveau Manuel de Bibliographie Univerfelle. Large 8°. Paris. Printed on indifferent Paper and in very fmall Type, three Columns to a Page. It contains an immenfe Number of Titles of Books of every [ 51 J Kind arranged in chronological Order according to Subjefls, and accom- panied by bibliographical and hiftorical Remarlcs. An alphabetical Index of Authors would add gready to its Ufefulncfs; Appended is a detailed Account of the principal ColleElions Typografhiques arranged in chronolo- gical Order, with a Catalogue of the moft celebrated private Libraries. We have already mentioned it under Seftion II. on account of the biblio- graphical Information which it furnifhes under the appropriate Heads. The following Extraft from the Preface will give an Idea of the general Charadler of the Work : " Ce Livre n'eft pas a proprement parler, un Manuel du Bibliophile, il ne s'adreffe pas exclufivement au Bibliographe de Profeflion. Avant tout on a voulu qu'il put fournir un Renfeignement concis, une Reponfe precife, non fur la Beaute d'une Edition, fur la Rarete d'un Volume, fur le Prix arbitraire que I'Opinion accorde a certaines Raretes, mais bien fur la Serie d'Ouvrages a confulter en telle ou telle Occafion, par I'Homme de Lettres, r A.rtifte ou le Savant." DiBDiN (T. F.). The Library Companion; or, the Young Man's Guide, and the Old Man's Comfort in the Choice of a Library. Thick 8°. London. 1824. Containing a Seleftion of the moft important Works under the general Heads of Divinity, Hiftory, Voyages and Travels, Biography, Philology and Belles-Lettres, Poetry, and the Englifli Drama ; with copious biblio- graphical Notes, Prices, and a general Index, the Whole makihg a Volume of 9 1 2 Pages. DicTioNNAiRE BibUographiquc. 3 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1790. This Work, generally known under the Name of Cailleau's Diftionary, was compiled according to Barbier, and others, by the Abbe du Clos. It was republifhed in 1 800, with a fupplementary Volume by M. Brunei. The laft Half of the third Volume, has a feparate Alphabet for anony- mous Works. Ebert (F. a.), a General Bibliographical Dic- tionary, from the German. 4 Vols. 8°. Oxford. 1837- [92] The original Edition of this truly valuable Work was publifhed at Leipfic, with the following Title: Allgemeines bibliographifches Lexicon. 2 Vols. 4°. 1821-30. It is bafed upon the Manual of Brunet, but is fomewhat different in its Charafter, and quite as well adapted to the Wants of Scholars. Elpecial Attention is given to ancient German Literature and the Greek and Latin Clafficks. The Author was Librarian to the King of Saxony, and hence was able to give his Defcriptions, as ftated in his Preface^ from careful Comparifon of the Works themlelves, rather than from Manuals. His Didtionary is neceifary to all who cultivate Biblio- graphy. Georgi (J. T.). Allgemeines Europaifches Biicher- Lexicon. (Univerfal Didlionary of Books printed in Europe from 1500 to 1757, with the Date, Size, Number of Pages, and Price of each.) 8 Vols. Folio, (including three Supplements). Leipzig. 1742-58. A laborious Work, containing the Titles of more Books, than any other Catalogue or bibliographical Work ever publilhed. It is fcarce, but, ac- cording to Ebert, of but little Value " on Account of its Faultinefs through- out." ^ GRassE (J. G. T.). Lehrbuch einer allgemeinen Literargefchichte aller bekannten Volker der Welt, von der alteften bis auf die neuefte Zeit. This is a general bibliographical Diftionary fimilar to thofe of Ebert and Brunet already defcribed. It is not yet completed. Petzholdt's Anzeiger for July, 1857, announces Pages 1329-1536, Vol. III. as having recently been publilhed at Leipfic. The Author is alfo preparing a new biblio- graphical Diffionary containing more than a thoufand Articles on rare and precious Books. A Part of Vol. I. pp. 96, has recently been publifhed at Drefden, in a quarto Form. Leblanc (P.). Catalogue des Livres, Deffins et Eltanipes, de la Biblioth^que de M. J. B. Huzard. 3 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1842. [ 93 ] Volume I. contains the Titles of Works arranged under the five general Clafles or Divifions of Knowledge, as in Renouard and Santander ; Volume II. is devoted particularly to Agriculture ahd Rural Economy ; Volume III. is compofed of Works upon Medicine and the Veterinary Art, Memoirs of Academies and learned Societies, Works upon Bibliography, Biography, &c. Each Volume has a copious Index. Prefixed to the firll Volume is a biographical Notice of Huzard (who was General Infpeftor of the Ve- terinary Schools of France), by M. L. Bouchard, and a Eulogy pro- nounced in 1 841, before the Royal Academy of Medicine, by M. Parifeti This Catalogue, fays Dr. Cogfwell, is of great Value for " economick Bibliography." Martin (L. Aime). Plan d'une Bibliotheque Univerfelle ; Etudes des Livres qui peuvent fervir a I'Hiftoire litteraire et philofophique du Genre humain ; fuivi du Catalogue des Chefs-d'CEuvre de toutes les Langues et des Ouvrages originaux de tous les Peuples. 8°. Paris. 1837. Meusel (J. G.). Bibliotheca Hiflorica, poft Struvium et Buderum,nunc digefta,amplificata,et emendata; accedunt Indices Auftorum et Rerunii 22 Vols, (in 11) 8°. Leipzig. 1782-1804. An uncommonly careful Reproduftion of a Work which firll: appeared at Jena in 1 740. It is very extenfive in its Defignj comprehending both hiftorical and geographical Works, relating to all Countries and in all Languages. Vols. III. and X. relate to American Bibliography. NoDiER (Charles). Defcription Raifonnee d'une jolie Colled:ion de Livres, (moftly French, Italian and Spanifli) ; precedee d'une Introdudlion par M. G. Dupleffis, de la Vie de Nodier par M. Francis Wey, et d'une Notice bibliographique fur fes Ouvrages. 8°. Paris. 1844. pp.528. The copious Notes to this Catalogue render it a defirable Work for a [94 J bibliographical Colleftion. It contains 1254 Titles, the D^fcripiions occupying the greater Part of the Volume. Renouard (A. A.). Catalogue de la Bibliotheque d'un Amateur, avec Notes bibliographiques, critiques et litteraires. 4 Vols. 8°. Paris. 18 19. A fine Specimen of Typography. The Works are arranged under the five general Divifions of Theology, Juriiprudence, Sciences and Arts, Belles-Lettres, and Hiftory. The fourth Volume contains a feparate Lift of the Books printed in the 15th Century, the Aldine Editions, Books printed upon Vellum, Defigns, and a complete Index of Authors. The bibliographical and critical Notes are very full and inftruftive. The Work is really a Bibliography rather than a Catalogue, and hence finds its appropriate Place in this List. RoLLAND (J. F.). Confeils pour former une Bibliotheque, ou Catalogue de tous les bons Ouvrages qui peuvent entrer dans une Biblio- theque Chretienne. 3 Vols. 8°. Lyons. 1833-43. Santander (M. C. de la Serna). Catalogue des Livres de la Bibliotheque de Santander ; redige et mis en ordre par lui-meme ; avec des Notes bibliographiques et litteraires. 5 Vols. 8°. Bruxelles. 1803. The 5th Volume is a Supplement, containing a Memoir upon the Origin of Signatures and Marks in Typography, a Latin Preface printed in 1 800, upon the genuine CoUeftion of Canons by St. Ifidore of Seville, &c. and five large Engravings reprefenting the paper Marks ufed in the 15th Century. This fuperb Colleftion is compofed, as is ftated in the Preface, of the beft Works in the various Departments of Learning, and is efpecially rich in rare and coftly Books, among which is a very fine Copy of De Bry's Colleftion of Voyages. The Books are arranged like the Catalogue of Renouard juft noticed, under the general Divifions of Theo- logy, Jurifprudence, Sciences and Arts, Belles-Lettres, and Hiftory. A [95 ] copious general Index of Authors in the fourth Volume enhances the Value of the Work. It may well be called, as Dr. Cogfwell expreffcs it, "a bibliographical Catalogue with copious Notes." The Paper and Typo- graphy are unfortunately not in keeping with the literary Merits of the Work. Santander's Library was fold at Audlion in 1809. XL Bibliography of particular Sciences and Branches of Literature^ or Special Bibliographies. THE Didtionaries and Catalogues applicable to PARTICULAR Branches of Knowledge, and comprifing Works publifhed on the Subjefts difcufled, would of themfelves conftitute a Library. We can only Notice, in Addition to fuch as have already been confidered under previous Heads, a few of the more important, and with which we are more efpecially familiar. Agassiz (Louis). Bibliographia Zoologis et Geolo- gic. General Catalogue of all Books, Tradts, and Memoirs on Zoology and Geology. Cor- redled, enlarged, and edited by H. E. Strickland. 3 Vols. 8°. London. 1848-52. Atkinson (James). Medical Bibliography. A and B. 8°. London. 1834. A very amujing as well as inftrudlive Book, dedicated to all idle Students in Great Britain. "I only wifh to apprize the Reader, that if he choofe to read my Non-fenfe, with his Eyes and Fingers open, he muft be a greater Fool, if poffible than the Author who wrote it." — Extraii from the Preface. [ 96] Ayala (M. d'). Bibliografia Militare Italiana, 8°. Torino. 1854. pp.450. Backer (Auguftin et Alois de). Bibliotheque des Ecrivains de la Compagnie de Jefus, ou Notices bibliographiques; i"" de tous les Ouvrages publics par les Membres de la Compagnie de Jefus, depuis la Fondation de I'Ordre jufqu'a nos Jours ; 2'^ des Apologies, des Controverfes religeufes, des Critiques litteraires et fcientifiques fufcitees a leur Sujet. 4 Vols. Royal 8°. Liege. 1833-56. This elaborate Work is to confift, according to the Preface, of 5 or 6 Volumes of 800 Pages, double Columns. Each Volume is arranged in alphabetical Order and is complete in itfelf Bastiat (F.). Didiionnairc de TEconomie Poli- tique. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1855. Containing the general Principles of Political Economy, with a Biblio- graphy of the Science, by Baftiat, Baudrillart, Blaife, Blanqui, Block, and many others, publifhed under the Direftion of Coquelin and Guil- layinin. BcRARD (A. S. L.). Effai bibliographique fur les Editions des Elzevirs les plus precieufes et les plus recherchees. 8°. Paris. 1822. Preceded by an Account of the moft celebrated Printers. Blakey (R.). Angling Literature of all Nations. 12°. London. 1855. pp.341. Blanqui (M.). Hiftoire de I'Economie Politique en Europe. 2^ Edition. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1 842. In the fecond Volume may be found the Bibliography of the principal Works on Political Economy. [97 \ Blaze (C.). Bibliographic Muficale de la France et de I'Etranger. 8°. Paris. 1822. A defcriptive Account of all the Treatifes and Works on vocal and inftrumental Mufick publifhed in Europe down to 1822. Boucher de la Richarderie (G.). Bibliotheque Univerfelle des Voyages. 6 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1808. A claffified Account of all Voyages, ancient and modern, in difFerent Parts of the World, with Extradls from the moft important, arranged in chronological Order according to the different Countries, and accompanied with a full Index of Names and Authors. Bridgman (R. W.), Short View of Legal Biblio- graphy, with critical Obfervations on Law Writers. 8°. London. 1807. Callisen (A. C. P.). Medicinifches Schriftfteller- Lexicon. 33 Vols. 12°. Copenhagen. 1830-45. Camus (A. G.). Lettres fur la Profeffion d'Avocat ; un Recueil de Pieces concernant I'Exercice de cette Profeffion, et Bibliotheque choifie des Livres de Droit. 5th Edition. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1832. An ejfcellent Work on Jurifprudence and its Bibliography, revifed and enlarged by Dupin. It was firft publifhed in 1772 in a fmall duodecimo Form. Clarke (A. & J. B. B.). A concife View of the Succeffion of Sacred Literature, in a chronolo- gical Arrangement of Authors and their Works, from the Invention of alphabetical Characters to 1445. 2 Vols. 8°. London, 1830-2. O [ 98 ] CoGGESHALL (W. F.). The Newfpaper Record, containing a complete Lift of Newfpapers, &c. in the United States, Canada and Great Britain ; with a Sketch of the Origin of Printing. 8°. Philadelphia. 1856. pp. 194. Darling (James). CycloptEdia Bibliographica ; a Library Manual of Theological and General Literature, and Guide to Books for Authors, Preachers, Students and Literary Men, analytical, bibliographical and biographical. 2 Vols. Imp. 8°. London. 1854. Clofely printed Pages, double Columns and fmall Type. The Work is chiefly theological, compriling ancient and modern Authors of Note in Theology, Ecclefiaftical Hiftory, Moral Philofophy, and the various Departments connefted therewith, including a Seleftion in moft Branches of Literature, with {hort biographical and bibliographical Notices. In coUeftive Works the Contents of each Volume are minutely defcribed, and in Volumes of Sermons the Texts are given. Decanver (H. C). Catalogue of Works in Refutation of Methodifm, from its Origin in 1729 to the prefent Time. Large Paper. Thin 8°. Philadelphia. 1846. De Morgan (Auguftus). Notices of Arithmetical Books and Authors. Poft 8°. London. 1 847. Dryander (Jonas). Catalogus Bibliothecs Hifto- rico-Naturalis Jofephi Banks. 5 Vols. 8°. Lon- don. 1796-1800. This, although the Title feems to promife only the Catalogue of a pri- vate Library, is allowed to furnifh the moil complete and beft arranged View of Books in Natural Hiftory ever publifhed in anv Country. Tlic Contents are. Vol. I. General Writers ; Vol. IL Zoology ; Vol. IIL [ 99 ] -Botany ; Vol. IV. Mindralogy ; Vol V. Supplement. The Books de- fcribed now form a Part of the Britifli Mufeum. DuPARCG (E. de la Barre). Des Sources Biblio^ graphiques Militaires. 8°. Paris. 1856. DuPiN (A. M. J. J.), Lettres fur la ProfefTion d'Avocat, ou Bibliotheque choifie des Livres de Droit. (See Camus, Page 97.) DupiN (A. M. J. J.). Manuel du Droit Public Eccleliaftique Franyais. 1 2°. Paris, 1 844. Containing at the End a Chronology of the Popes and Kings of France, and a Bibliotheque Choifie, or Lift of the moft important Works upon Eccleliaftical Hiftory and Canon Law. pp. 466. DuPiN (A. M. J. J.). Manuel des Etudians en Droit et des jeunes Avocats ; Recueil d'Opufcules de Jurifprudence. 12°. Paris. 1851. pp.876. Containing bibliographical Notices of the beft Works upon Law ; Hif- tory of Law, Roman, and French ; Aphorifms of Bacon ; Biographies of Magiftrates, &c. &c. DuPLESSis (C). Bibliographie Paremiologique, fuivie d'un Appendice. (Bibliography of Pro- verbs.) 8°. Paris. 1847. Ellis (Henry). Catalogue of Books on Angling. 8°. London. 181 1. Elmes (James). General and Bibliographical Diaionary of the Fine Arts. 8°. London. 1826. Forbes (John). Manual of Seleft Medical Biblio- graphy. Royal 8°. London. 1835. GoDDe (M. J.). Catalogue raifonne d'une Col- e ledion de Livres,etc. relatifs aux Arts de Peinture, Sculpture. 8°. Paris. 1850. GRassE (J. G. T.) Bibliotheca Magica et Pneu- matica. 8°. Leipzig. 1843. HoRNE (T. H.). Manual of Biblical Bibliography; comprifing a Catalogue methodically arranged, of the principal Editions and Revifions of the Holy Scriptures ; together with Notices of the principal Philologers, Critics, &c. 2^ Edition. 8°. London. 1846. HoYER (Dr. J. G. von). Literatur der Kriegf- wiffenfchaften und Kriegfgefchichte. 1 2°. Berlin^ 1832-40. A Work of 661 Pages, with a Supplement of loo Pages, from 1831 to 1840. La Lande (J. de). Bibliographic Aftronomique avec I'Hiftoire de I'Aftronomie depuis 1780, jufqu'a 1802. 4°. Paris. 1803. pp.966. With a two-fold Index of Authors and Subjefts. Le Long' (Jacobus). Bibliotheca Sacra, feu Syllabus omnium fere Sacrse Scripturag Editionum ac Verfionum, etc. 2 Vols. Folio. Paris. 1723. The firft Edition of this Work was publiihedin 1709. z Vols, oftavo. It contains an Account of the various Editions of the Scriptures, with full Indexes, &c. being an invaluable Acquifition to the biblical Scholar. M'CuLLocH (J. R.). The Literature of Political Economy. 8°. London. 1845. A claffified Catalogue of feleft Publications in the different Departments bf Political Economy, with hiftorical, critical, and biographical Notices, and a very complete double Index of Authors and Works. MuRHARD (F- W. A.). Bibliotheca Mathematica, oder Literatur der Math. Wiffenfchaft. 5 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1797- 1805. Containing the Literature ot" Arithmetick, Geometry, and Analyfis} Mcchanicks, and Opticks. Orme (William). Bibliotheca Biblica; a feledl Lift of Books on Sacred Literature; with Notices, biographical, critical and bibliographical. 8°. Edinburgh. 1824. Defigned to furnilh the Means of eafy Reference to the moll ufeful Books in the important Department of biblical Literature. It includes a Selec- tion of foreign Works, and a very full Lift of Britilh Works, exckidlrig in its Plan, general Theology, fyftematick, practical, and polemical Divinity. An arranged Index enhances the Value of the Work. Orme is the Author of Memoirs of John Owen, Life and Times of Richard Baxter, &c. Oettinger (E. M.). Bibliographic Biographique Univerfelle. Diitionnaire des Ouvrages relatifs a I'Hiftoire de la Vie publique et privee des Perfonnages celebres de tous les Temps et de toutes les Nations, depuis le Commencement du Monde jufqu'anos Jours. 2 Vols. 4°. Bruxelles. 1854. Percheron (A.). Bibliographic Entomologique, comprenant I'lndication, F des Ouvrages ento- mologiqucs publics en France et al'Etrangcr depuis les Temps les plus recules jufqu'a nos Jours ; 2^ des Monographies et Memoires con- tcnus dans les Recueils, &c. 2 Vols. 8°. Paris. 1837. [ 102 ] PloUccktet (W. G.). Literatura Medica Digefta, 4 Vols. Royal 4°. Tubings. 1808-9. A moft compi-ehenfive bibliographical Catalogue of Medical Literature, ancient and modern. PoGGENDORFF (J. C). Biographifch-litcrarifches Handworterbuch zur Gefchichte der exadten Wiffenfchaften. 8°. Berlin. 1858. To be cortiplete in one large oftavo Volume of about 1200 Pages, the firft Number of Which, extending to the Article Dirichlet, has juft ap- peared. It is intended as a Manual for thofe who cirlfivate the mathemat- ical and induaive Sciences, prefenting the chief Points of Date, Life, and Works of Mathematicians, Aftronomers, Chemifts, Mineralogifts, Geolo- gifts, &c. of all Times, and of every Nation, with copious References to the Sources whence more detailed Information may be obtained. For the paft ten Years the Author has been continually employed in the Com- pilation of this Work, in which Talk he has been particularly aided by the extenfive literary and fcientifick Treafures of the Royal Library of Berlin, and alfo authentick Communications from fcientifick Men of the prefcnl Day. Poole (W. F.). An Index of Periodical Litera- ture. 8°. New York. 1853. An exceedingly ufeful Book, publilhed by C. B. Norton, being a com- plete Key to the Contents of fifteen hundred Volumes of ftandard Englilh and American Periodicals. An important Feature of the Work is that the Names of anonymous Articles are given in Parenthefes, fo far as they could be afcertained. Periodicals, as the Author ftates in the Preface, form a confiderable Portion of our pubUck and private Libraries ; their Contents, however, are not available, for the Want of a Clue to the Labyrinth of Topicks difcufled in them. This Index furniflies the defired Clue. It conftitutes a handfome odlavo Volume of 800 Pages. Publifhed at $6. The Work is dedicated to Prof C. C. Jewett, in Token of Appreciation of his Services in behalf of American Libraries and Bibliography. [ 103 1 Pritzel (G. a.). Thefaurus Literaturae Botanic^ omnium Gentium inde a Rerum botanicarum Initiis ad noftra ufque Tempora, quindecim millia Operum recenfens. 4°. Lipfise. 1851. pp.547. A Work of excraordinaiy Accuracy and Fiillncfs of Defcription. It contains an alphabetical Didlionary of Authiors and their Works— a fyftem- atick Arrangement of the fame, and an alphabetical Index of the Names of Editars and other Perfons incidentally mentioned. Roy (C. H. a). Catalogus Bibliothecs Medical. 5 Vols. 8°. Amfterdam. 1.830. A fyftematick Catalogue of Works in the European Languages on all Branches of Medicine, Anatomy, Pharmacy, &c. Sims (Richard). An Index to all the Pedigrees and Arms in the Heraldic Vifitations and other Genealogical Manufcripts in the Britifli Mufeum. 8°, London. 1849. " A Book in conftant Ufe by Perfons engaged in genealogical or topo- graphical Studies, affording a ready Clue to the Pedigrees and Arms of above 50,000 of the Gentry of England, their Refidences,'' &c. Sims (Richard). A Manual for the Genealogift, Topographer, Antiquary, and Legal Profeffor ; confifting of Defcriptions of Public Records ; Parochial and other Regifters ; Wills ; County and Family Hiftories ; Heraldic Colledlions in Public Libraries, etc. Royal 8°. London. 1856. ■' Since the Commencement of the Record Reform by the Aft of 1 838, feveral Books have been publilhed that are more or lefs Ufeful to the Saident or the Antiquarian defirous of purfuing his Inquiries among the national Records ; but we have feen none fo ufeful as this Manual of Mr. Sims. The Extent of his Coup d'oeil, indeed, goes beyond what can be termed Records even in the largeft Senfe. In Addition to thofe Documents [ I04 ] which the Law allows to be Records and producible in Evidence, or which Reafon confiders Records without Reference to their Cuftody, Mr. Sims refers to a Variety of illuftrative Documents, Manufcripts, and publifhed Works, fo numerous as to baffle all Attempts at Enumeration. The Manual is not folely intended for hiftorical Students or literary Men, but for the limited though praftical Ufes of the Lawyer, the Genealogift and the like. It is not a mere bibliographical Account of Muniments, the Place of their Depofit, whether they have been printed, and when, or by whom ; it is a Sort of Hiftory of our publick Muniments, &c. not unfrequently contain- ing Glimpfes of our focial Hiilory, fo far as it can be exhibited by the Matter itfelf."—%5^;»r, OB. 4, 1856. SwAiNSON (William). Taxidermy; with the Bio- graphy of Zoologifts, and Notices of their Works, 12°. London. 1840. Part n. pp. 98-392, comprifes the Bibliography of Zoology; with biographical Sketches of the principal Authors, and an Index. Ternaux-Compans (H.). Bibliotheque Afiatique et Africaine ; ou Catalogue des Ouvrages qui ont ete publics fur ces deux Continents jufqu'a ge Jour. 8°. Paris. 1841. Walch (J. G.). Bibliotheca Theologica SelecSta, 4 Vols. 8°. Jenae. 1757-65. A ^ay valuable Work, accompanied by literary Notices and a general Index of Authors, the Works defcribed being arranged according to Divi- lions or Clafles. Walch (J. G.), Bibliotheca Patriflica litterariis Annotationibus inftrufta. New Edition edited by J. T. L. Danzius. 8°. Jens. 1834. The firft Edidon was publiflied in 1770. Weigbl (R.). Kunftlager- Catalog. 8°. Leipzig. 1845. [ 105 ] Winer (G. B.). Handbuch der theologifchen Literatur hauptsachlich der proteftantifchen nebft kurzen biographifchen Notizen. 3d Ed. (With a Supplement of 175 Pages, from 183910 1842.) 3 Vols. 8°. Leipzig. 1838-42. WiTZLEBEN (A. von). Deutfchland's Militar Lite- ratur im letzten Jahrzehent und Ueberficht der wichtigften Karten und Plane Central Europas. 8°. Berlin, 1850. pp.247. WoHL (R. von). Die Gefchichte und Literatur der Staatfv^ilTenfchaft, 2 Vols. 8°. Erlangen, J 855-6. XII. Biographical DiEiionaries. ONE of the moft ufeful as well as interefting Parts of a bibliographical CoUedlion of Books, are the Catalogues of publick and private Libraries, including the moft important fale Catalogues of Bookfellers. As the Deiign of this Work vi^ill not admit of any Details relative to fuch Catalogues, we refer the Inquirer to the fecond Volume of Home's Introdudlion to the Study of Bibliography, pp. 564-758, where he will find a large Number fully defcribed, with brief Notices of their Contents. The following Account of the biographical Didtionaries which are fpecially ufeful to the Bibliographer, together with a Notice of the principal Periodicals devoted to Bibliography, muft clofe our Select List, already extended beyond its original Limits, P [ io6] Allen (William). The American Biographical Didionary. 3^^ Ed. Royal 8°. Bofton. 1857. Truly the American Bibliographical Diaionary, containing Notices of 6775 American Names. The firft Edition was publifhed in 1809, and the fecond in 1832. The venerable Author is ftill living. Allibone (S. a.), a Critical Diftionary of Eng- li£h Literature, and Britifh and American Authors, living and deceafed, from the earlieft Accounts to the Middle of the nineteenth Century.^ Con- taining thirty-one thoufand Biographies and literary Notices, with an Index of Subjedl-matter. This truly national Work is to be publifhed by Meffrs. Childs & Peter- fon, Philadelphia, in one Volume, fuper-royal oftavo, 1800 Pages, double Columns. About 1300 Pages, including 21,000 Authors, are already ftereotyped. The firft Part, A-I, pp. 945, will be iffiied in September of the prefent Year. The Author has labored inceflantly upon it during the paft five Years, bringing to the Undertaking vaft Diligence and Refearch, good Tafte and Judgment, and a painftaking Love of Detail and Accuracy. When completed it will proTe a moil welcome Aid to Bibliographers, Scholars and Readers generally. We fpeak thus from the Teftimony of Everett, Irving, Prefcott, Bancroft and other eminent American Scholars, and from perfonal Examination of Proofs, and Portions already ftereotyped. The following Charafterifticks of the Work are gathered from a Pro- spectus. " I . It is a Biographical Didlionary of Englifh and American Authors, cornprifing both the living and the dead, furnifhing thofe Incidents re- fpefting the Perfons who have made themfelves famous in the Republick of Letters, which every Reader defires to know, and few know where to find. " 2. It is a bibliographical Manual, giving Information as to the beft Editions of Authors, the Circumftances attending their Publication, the Reception which they met with from the Publick, the Influence they have exercifed on the publick Mind, and many other interefting Particulars, nqt [ 107 ] ehc of which the true Lover of Books, and Student of Letters, would ' wiU lingly let die.' " As a bibliographical Manual, the Index, which forms the fecond Portion of the Volume, will prove no fmall Addition to its Value. In this Index, the Subjefts of human Knowledge are divided into forty diftinft Clafles, and an Alphabet is allotted to each. By this Means, the Reader is enabled to fee at a Glance who are the principal Writers on all Subjeftsj from Agricuhure, Clafs I ft, to Voyages, Clafs 40th. "It is thought that this Index will contain between 40,000 and 50,000 Names, yet no Author is mentioned whofe Works are not noticed in the firft Part of the Diftionary. "3. It is a critical, as well as a biographical and bibliographical Dic- tionary. Here the Author has a great Advantage over his Predeceffbrs, without a Jingle Exception. Makers of Books approaching to the Char- after of this, are in the Habit of giving their own Opinions, or Opinions adopted as their own, which muft be bafed upon very partial Knowledge, and one therefore of litde Value ; or are apt to be tinftured with Prejudice and party Bias, and are therefore entitled to little Confidence. But Mr. Allibone contents himfelf with adducing the Opinions upon various Writers as they come under his Notice, of Critics of great and extended Reputa- tion, who have earned a Claim to be heard with Refpeft, if not in all Cafes with entire Acquiefcence. Thefe invaluable Specimens of Criticifm arc quoted verbatim, and diftinguilhed by a fmaller Type, which adds greatly to the Beauty of the Work." Appleton's Cyclopaedia of Biography ; embracing a Series of original Memoirs of the moft diftin- guifhed Perfons of all Times. Revifed American Edition, edited by Francis L. Hawks, D. D. LL. D. Royal 8°. New York. 1856. pp.1058. A very handfome Reprint of the Englifh Edition, which was edited by Elihu Rich. The original Memoirs, the Authorfhip of which is indicated by Initials, were written for this Work by Sir Archibald Alifon, Wm. Baird, Sir David Brcwfter, James Bryce, J. H. Burton, Prof Creafy, Prof. Eadie, Prof. Fergufon, Prof. Gordon, James Hedderwick, J. Aj [ io8 ] tferaud, Robert J'antiefon, Charles Knight, James Manfon, J. W- Connechy, Prof. Nichol, Elihu Rich, Prof. Spalding, Frof. Thomfon, R N Wornum. The Articles fupplied in this American Edition are from different Hands, although the Authorfliip is not indicated, as in the EngUlh Original, by Initials. The numerous Illuftrauons of the Birth- places, Monuments, or other Memorials of departed Grcatnefs with which ,he Volume is enlivened, add much to the Value of the Work. BioGRAPHiE Univerfelle, ancienne et moderne. Ouvrage entierement neuf, redige par une Societe de Gens de Lettres et de Savants. 52 Vols. 8°v Paris. 181 1-28. By univerfal Confent, the beft and moft extenfive Work of the Kind ever produced in any Language. It might properly be called the Biogra- phie et Bibliografhie Univerfelle, fo full and accurate are its Notices of the Works of Authors. A Supplement has been commenced which is ftill in Progrefs. The 83'^ Volume (numbering from the lail Volume of the Original Work), was publilhed in 1855, containing the Names Stack to Teyffieu. " The eminent Names appended to a large Proportion of the Articles contained in the fifty-two Volumes df the BioGraphie Universelle, are' Vouchers for the Ability and Erudition it difplays. I muft fpeak refpeft- fully of a Work to which I owe fo much, and without which, probably, I Ihould never have undertaken the prefent." — Hallam's Lit. Hift. Blake (J. L.). A Biographical Didionary; compriling a Summary Account of the moft diftinguifhed Perfons of all Ages, Nations and Profeffions. New and revifed Edition. Royal 8°. Philadelphia. 1857. pp. 1366. Containing about 12,500 different Articles, 2000 of which are of American Biography. The firfl: Edition was publifhed in 1836, of which there have been 12 Iffues, the laft one in 1854. The Number of new Articles introduced into this prefent Edition is about 2400. The Author, a Clergyman, and an early Graduate of Brown Univerfity, re- cently died at his Refidence in Orange, New Jerfey. [ I09 ] Chalmers (Alexander). The General Biograpk^ ical Diaionary. 32 Vols. 8°. London. 18 12-17. Contains Notices of about 9000 Names. The Author, fays Lowndes, has taken more than common Pains in giving accurate Lifts of the Works &f fuch as were Authors, with the Dates of the beft Editions, &c. He inferts, fays Hallam, the moll infignilicant Names, and quotes the moft wretched Authorities; neverthelefs we cannot deny die Value of his Dic- tionary. Chambers (Robert). A Biographical Didtionary of Eminent Scotfmen. 4 Vols. Imp. 8°. Glafgowi 1835- An expenfive Work, embellilhed with many fplendid and authendck Portraits. Gorton (John). A General Biographical Diftion- ary. New Edition, with a Supplement, com- pleting the Work to the prefent Time. 4 Vols^ Thick 8°. London. 1851. Very accurate and ufeful, bringing an immenfe Amount of Informatiori within a fmall Compafs. JoECHER (C. G.). AUgemeines Gelehrten Lexi- con, darinne die Gelehrten aller Stande welche vom Anfange der Welt bis auf jetzige Zeit. 4 Vols. 4°. Leipzig. 1750-51. JoECHER (C. G.). Fortfetzung und Erganzung von J. C. Adelung. 2 Vols. 4°. Leipzig. 1784-87. JoECHER (C. G.). Weiter fortgefetz von H. W. Rotermund. 4 Vols. 4°. Bremen. 18 10-19. This is a biographical Diftionary of learned Men and Women, com- [ no I ^i-ifing, in brief Articles, an inamenfe Number of Names. The Continua-- tion by the celebrated Adelung, is incomplete, having reached only to the Letter J. It has been ftill further continued by Rotermund. Each of the ten Volumes above defcribed, contains over a thoufand Pages in double Columns. NouvELLE Biographic Generale depuis les Temps les plus recules jufqu'a nos Jours. 8°. Paris. Vols. 1-23. (To " Hennequin.") This Work, publilhed by Didot under the Direftion of Dr. Hoefer, k to be complete in 45 compaft Volumes, one Half of which have already appeared. It is one of the lateft Produffions of this Kind, and is of fpecial Value as a bibliographical Didlionary, giving the Titles of the various Authors vfhofe Lives are contained therein, with Dates, Size, Place of Publication, &c. &c. Rose (H. J.), A New General Biographical Dic- tionary. 12. Vols. 8°. London. 1848. The beft general bibliographical Didlionary extant in Englifh. It contains Notices of 20,700 Names, " the moll remarkable of which are treated at a Length," as ftated in the Preface, " fully commenfurate with their Importance." Smith (William). Didtionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology ; edited by William Smith, LL. D. Illuftrated by numerous Wood Engravings. 3 Vols. Thick royal 8°. London, 1846-9. The Contributors to this invaluable W'ork are among the moft diftin-- guiflicd European Writers and Scholars. It includes the Names of all Perfons of any Importance which occur in the Greek and Roman Writers down to the Year 1453. The bibliographical Notices are very full and accurate. A fecond Edition abridged, in one royal oftavo Volume, was pubhlhed in 1851. .[ Ill ] XIIL Bibliographical Periodicals. THE following are the principal Periodicals which are devoted exclufively to Bibliogra- phy and Library Economy. Several of them, it will be feen, have a high literary Character, while others are important chiefly for their Lifts and Notices of new Books. Allgemeine Bibliographic. Monatliches Ver- zeichnifs der wichtigern neuen Erfcheinungen der deutfchen und auflandifchen Literatur. OBavo. Leipzig. An excellent monthly Periodical commenced in 1856; edited by Paul Tromel. The firft Volume has a full alphabetical Index of 40 Pages, which adds greatly to the Value of the Work as a Source of bibliograph- ical Information upon the moll important Publications of the Day. It embraces Books in all Languages, American and Afiatick, as well as Euro- pean. American Publifhers' Circular and Literary Gazette, ^arto. New York. A weekly Journal, conduced by Charles R. Rode, under the Direftion of the New York Book-Publilhers' Aflbciation. It contains Extrafts from new Books, literary Intelligence, Lifts of Books publilhed from Month to Month, Announcements, Advertifements, &c. being fimilar to the Publifliers' Circular ifllied by Sampfon Low & Son, of London. It was commenced in 1855. An American Periodical niore ftriftly literary and bibliographical in its Charafter is a Defideratum. Such a Journal, fome- what fimilar to the earlier Numbers of Norton's Literary Gazette, con- taining Accounts of Libraries with 111 uftrations, Treatifes upon Bibliography, Titles of new Books publilhed from Month to Month, Contents of Period- icals, critical Notices of new Works like thofe in the Athenaum, Notices of Works upon Bibliography like thofe in Anzeiger or Serapeum, Sec. Sec. [ 1^2 ] would undoubtedly be well fuftained in the Hands of an enterpriftng Pub, lilher. Athenaeum Journal of Englifli and Foreign Lite- rature, Science and Fine Arts. S^arto. London, An important weekly Periodical publiflied by J. Francis. It was com-, pienced in 1 828. The bound Volumes are accompanied by good Indexes, and are regarded as indifpenfable to the Student in Englifh Bibliography, although the Work, as its Title indicates, is devoted to Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts. Reviews and critical Notices of New Books, both Englifh and Foreign, occupy a large Part of each Number. The Athe- naeum contains numerous Announcements and Advertifements, moftly of Book-Publilhers in London and Vicinity. Bent's Monthly Literary Advertifer, Regifter of Books, Engravings, &c. Publiflied on the tenth of each Month. Annual Subfcription, 8s, in- cluding the alphabetical Catalogue. ^arto. London. EftabUfhed in the Year 1 8oz. BiBLioGRAPHiE de la France ; ou Journal general de rimprimerie et de la Librarie. QSlavo. Paris. " Cette derniere Suite, redigee par M. Beuchot, eft remarkable par fon Exaftitude, Malheureufement on n'y annonce que les Ouvrages qui ont ete depofe's a la Direftion de la Librairie." — Brunei. It is a weekly Periodical, commenced in 1 8 1 1 . The firft Series, called Journal Typo-: graphique, was commenced by Rouxin 1797. This Work is noticed in its proper Place, under Seftion. IX. See Page 7 1 . Bulletin du Bibliophile, petite Revue d'anciens Livres, contenant des Notices bibliographiques, philologiques et litteraires, par divers Auteurs, fous la Diredtion de Nodier, Paris,, Dupleffis, etc, OSiavo. Paris. [ ^^3 ] A monthly Periodical commenced in 1836, and now pubiifhcd by J. Techener. Its copious bibliographical and literary Notices of rare, curi- ous ai)d important Books have given it great Succefs, it having reached its twenty-third Year. Bulletin du Bibliophile Beige. 05lavo. Bruxelles. " Bruflels is a Place of great Intereft for Bibliography. Its Contribu- tions to bibliographical Knowledge in the Bibliophile Beige, and the Annuaire de la Bibliotheque Royale, from the Pen of Baron de Reiffenberg, the learned Confervateur of the latter, are among the moft valuable ever made." — Cogfwell, 1 8 5 1 . This Bulleun is at prefent publilhed by F. Heuflher, under the Diredlion of Auguftus Scheler, Librarian to the King. It was commenced in 1 845. The firft Series, 9 Volumes, has an Index prepared by Scheler, and pub- lilhed in 1855, in one oftavo Volume. Cronaca. Giornale di Scienze, Lettere, Arti, Economia, Induftria con Bolletino bibliografico pubblicato da Ignazio Cantii. OBavo. Milan. Commenced in 1855, and pubhlhed on the i ft and 15 th of every Month, Each Number has at the End, a bibliographical Bulletin of Italian Publications for the Ufe of Bookfellers, Librarians, &c. Neuer Anzeiger fiir Bibliographic und Bibliothek- wifTenfchaft. Heraufgegeben von Dr. Julius Petzholdt. OSiavo. Drefden. PubUfhed monthly. This highly ufeful Periodical, as its Title indicates, is ftriiftly bibliographical in its Charafter, containing Notices of Works upon Diplomaticks, Engraving, Printing, Libraries, Library Economy, Catalogues of publick and private Libraries, Auftion Sale Catalogues, &c. It was commenced in 1 840. The bound Volumes have copious claffified and alphabetical Indexes. Dr. Petzhold, the Editor, is Librarian to the King of Saxony, and the Author of leveral very important Works upon Libraries and Library Economy. Q. [ "4 ] Publishers' Circular, and General Record of Britiih and Foreign Literature ; containing a complete alphabetical Lift of all new Works publifhed in Great Britain, and of every Work of Intereft published abroad. OBavo. London. Commenced in 1837. It is publifhed on the ift and 15th of every Month, by Sampfon Low and Son. For the Title in full, fee Seftion IX. Page 68. It is not literary in its Charafter, confifting chiefly of Lifts and Advertifements. The bound Volumes are deficient in Indexes. Serapeum. Zeitfchrift fiir die BibliothekwiiTen- fchaft, Handfchriftenkunde und altere Literatur. OBavo. Leipzig. Pubhfhed on the ift and 15 th of each Month. It is fimilar to Petz- holdt's Jnzeiger already defcribed, except that it devotes more Space to Ancient Literature and the Hiflory and Statifticks of Libraries, and con- tains occafional Plates or lUuftrations. The Volume for 1 846, contains the fuUeil and moft correft Account of the Libraries of America, from the Pen of the late Hermann E. Ludewig, then a Refident of New York, that had appeared previous to the Publication of ProfefTor Jewett's Work in 1850. The Serapeum was commenced in 1840. It is edited by Dr. Robert Naumann, who is afTifted in his Duties by an AfTociation of Librarians and hterary Friends. PART SECOND. LIBRARIES. "But is tJiere to be no End to this Purchafe of Books ? Oh yes ; and let us fee when it is. When there have been redeemed from Time all the valuable intelleftual Bequefts of former Ages ; when there has been garnered up all that preceding Generations had amafled as a facred and im- perilhable Inheritance, there will then remain no Duty but to coUeft what the Age produces. And when literary Ambition fhall ceafe to be excited; when Genius is no longer bellowed by the Munificence of Heaven ; when Induftry no longer coUefts new Fafts refpefting Man and Nature; when the forming Hand ceafes to reproduce; when the Streams of human Intelleft no longer flow ; when the Springs of Intelligence and Thought are all dried up ; when the Regions of Science and of Mind fleep in univerfal Lethargy, — then it will be Time to give over buying Books." V'UV 'l;\r.-A::;;/_;i;: ■Jl'yirr^'-- : -.r -f >>;'■!'": LIBRARIES. I'HE following Notices of Publick Libraries make no Claims to Ori- ginality, but fimply to fet forth clearly and connediedly fuch Fadls in regard to their Origin, Progrefs, and prefent Condition, as may not otherwife be eafily acceffible to the Public ; Compilations have therefore been made, and free Extracts taken from the following Works, in Addition to fuch as are alluded to in the Notices themfelves, viz : Act of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Truftees of the Aftor Library ; with the Annual Reports of the fame. 1850-57. BiBLioTHECA Sacra, Vol. VIL January and April Numbers. 8°. Andover. 1850. [ ii8 J British Mufeum; New Reading Room and Libra- ries, With a Plan, pp, i6, 12°. London, 1857. Catalogues of the New York State Library, 3 Vols, 8°. Albany, 1856, DiBDiN (T, F,), Bibliographical Antiquarian and Pifturefque Tour in France and Germany, 2^ Ed, 3 Vols, 8°, London. 1829, Encyclopedia Britannica, New Edition ; Article Libraries. Jewett (Prof. C. C), Notices of Public Libra- ries in the United States, 8°. Wafhington. 1851. Jewett (Prof. C. C). Hiflory of the Library of Brown Univerfity, pp.21, 8°. Providence. 1843. Norton's Literary Almanac, Regifter and Gazette. 3 Vols, 12°, New York, 1852-4. Peirce (Benjamin). Hiflory of Harvard Univerfity. 8°. Cambridge. 1833. QuiNCY (Jofiah). Hiftory of Harvard Univerfity. 2 Vols. 8°. Cambridge. 1840. Sims (Richard). Handbook to the Library of the Britifh Mufeum. 12°. London. 1854. United States Magazine. Vol, IL Odlober Number. 4°. Philadelphia, 1855. LIBRARY OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY. 75,500 Vols. THE Colleaion of Books belonging to Harvard Univerlity, in Cambridge, Mafla- chufetts,has long been regarded as the largeft, and until within comparatively a recent Period, the [ I20 J moft valuable one in the United States. It conrifts of 1 16,000 Volumes, which are diftributed in four Departments, viz : Theological, Medical, Lzw, and Publick. The Theological Library is in Divin- ity Hall. Perfons entitled to its Privileges muft be connedted M^ith the Divinity School. Number of Books about 8,700. They confiil of feleft Works, principally in modern Theology, with fome of the early Fathers. The Medical Library is in the Medical College in Bofton, having been placed there for the Convenience of Students attending the Medi- cal Lectures. Numberof Books about 2,000. The Law Library, defigned for the Officers and Students of the Law School, is in Dane Hall. Numberof Books about 14,000. They coniift of the principal Works in Englifh and American Law, and in the Civil Law, together with important Works by Writers in France, Germany, and Spain, conftituting one of the largeft and choiceft Colleftions in this Department of Learning, in the Country. The Publick or College Library is in Gore Hall, and is for the common Ufe of the whole Univerfity. Number of Books 75,500, of which 1,000 belong to the Boylfton Medical Library, in immediate Con- nedlion with it. This Enumeration does not include the unbound Pamphlets, of which there are upwards of 30,000. To the foregoing {hould be added the Society Libraries of the Students, which contain 1 2,000 Volumes, making a grand Total of 1 28,000. This noble Colledtion was begun 94 Years ago. On the 24th of January, 1764, in a ftormy winter's [ 121 ] Night during the College Vacation, Harvard Hall, containing the Library of about 6,000 Volumes, the philofophical Apparatus, and all the little Collections of Objedls of Intereft belonging to the College, was deftroyed by Fire. " Thus perifhed," fays Elliot in his Sketch of Harvard College, " the valuable Books given by John Harvard, Sir Kenelm Digby, Sir John Maynard, Dr. Lightfoot, Dr. Gale, Bifhop Berkeley, and other diftinguifhed Benefad:ors ; the Books and Pamphlets connedted with the early Hiflory of New England, the precious, though fcanty Accumulations of a hundred and twenty-fix Years — a Lofs which in thofe Days muft have feemed appalling, and which the Hiftorian, the Antiquary, and the Bibliographer can never ceafe to deplore." The State Legiflature was then in Seffion. In- deed, at the Time of the Calamity, Harvard Hall was occupied by them in confequence of the Alarm excited by the Exiftence of the Small Pox in Bofton. At the Inftigation of Gov. Bernard, they immedi- ately appropriated £2,000 to ered: a new Building in Place of that which had been deftroyed. A general Subfcription was made for the fame Purpofe in the Towns and Counties of the State, amounting to £878. 1 6s. 9d. A generous Intereft in this Objed: was alfo {hown by many Perfons in the parent Country, one of whom, Thomas Hollis, fubfcribed for the new Building £200. The Friends of the Inftitution manifefted not lefs Zeal and Liberality in fupplying the new Hall with R [ 122 ] Books. The General Affembly of New Hampfhirq gave Books to the Value of £300 Sterling. The Society for Propagating the Gofpel in New England and adjacent Parts, gave £200 Sterling, and the Society for Propagating the Gofpel in foreign Parts £100 for the Library, In 1790, the Library had increafed to 12,000 Volumes; in 1830, to 30,000. It is almoft entirely the Fruit of individual Munificence, having had to depend for its Supply even to the prefent Day, with the Exception of the Income of the HoUis and Shapleigh Fund of $6,000, upon the Liberality of private Contributors. During the Year ending July 1857, there were thus added to the Library, including the fplendid Colledlion of Engravings and Works of Art bequeathed by the late Hon. F. C. Gray, and the magnificent Donation of Books in the claffical and oriental Languages, bequeathed by the late Dr. H. W. Wales,more than 4000 Volumes. Notwithftanding the Books in the Library are thus multiplied, the Committee in their laft Annual Report complain of the Want of a fuitable perma- nent Fund, ftating that the true Wants of the Library can only be fupplied by a fteady and fyftem- atick Expenditure of Money in the Procurement of Works the moft needed, and in which it may be moft deficient. Confpicuous among the early Benefadlors of the Library ftands the Name of Thomas HoUis, a wealthy Baptift of London, whofe enlarged Views of Chriftianity, and " Deeds of Peace," entitle hin^ [ 123 ] to the kfling Refpea: and Gratitude of Mankind. The Books, which he, and his Brothers and De- fcendants, placed upon the Library Shelves, were very numerous, admirably well chofen, many of them, containing curious and interefting Notes in their own Hand-writing, and elegantly bound. At the Deceafe of Thomas HoUis 3'^, in 1774, he be- queathed to the College a Sum of Money, which now conftitutes one Half of the Library Fund to which AUuiion has already been made. In a Note in Giggeius's Thefaurus Lingua Arabicas, he fays : " This is a fine Copy of a very fcarce Work. T. H. has been particularly Induftrious in colledting Grammars and Lexicons of the oriental Root Lan- guages, to fend to Harvard College, in Hopes of forming by that Means, affifted by the Energy of the Leaders, always beneficent, a few prime Scholars, Honours to their Country, and Lights to Mankind," &c. The Gifts to the Library and College of Thomas HoUis I ft, including thofe of his Brothers, John and Nathaniel, and Thomas HoUis, the Son of the latter, amounted to fix thoufand Pounds, Currency of Mafi"achufetts, which, fays Quincy in his Hiftory of the Univerfity, " confidering the Value of Money at that Period, and the difinterefted Spirit by which their Charities were prompted, conftitutes one of the moft remarkable Inftances of continued Benevo- lence upon Record." Mr. Benj. Peirce, for many Years Librarian of the Inftitution, in his Hiftory of the Library, notices Thomas HoUis 3d, particularly, " not only on Account of his general Claims to i 124 ] Refped and Admiration, but becaufe, from ttid Amount and Quality of his Benefadlions, and from the Period at which they were received, he may juftly be confidered as the Father of Harvard Col- lege Library." Thomas Brand HoUis, and other Branches or Defcendants of the Family, continued from Time to Time to fend liberal Donations to the Library and College. In the new Harvard Hall, eredted immediately on the Site of the old one, the Publick Library was kept till July, 1 841, when the Books were removed to Gore Hall, a fpacious an'd impofing Edifice, built for its exclufive Accommodation by Means of Funds bequeathed to the College by the Hon. Chriftopher Gore. This Building prefents a pure and chafte Specimen of the Gothick Style of the fourteenth Century, but the hard Sienite or Quincy Granite, ufed in its Conftrudlion, made it neceifary to omit the elaborate Ornaments with which this Style is ufually wrought. It is in the Form of a Latin Crofs; the Length of the Body being 140 Feet, and acrofs the Tranfepts 81 i Feet. The main Entrances are flanked by octagonal Towers, 83 Feet high, furmounted by lofty mitered Pinnacles, fomewhat like thofe of King's College Chapel, at Cambridge, England. The outer Walls are of rough Stone, laid in regular Courfes, with ham- mered ftone Buttrefles, Towers, Pinnacles, and Drip-ftones. The inner Walls and Columns are of Brick, ftuccoed. The main Floor is alfo of Brick, refting on brick Arches, filled above to a Level, and covered with hard-pine Boards. The [ 125 ] Roof and Gallery are fupported by wrought iron Rafters, and the Partitions are ftrengthened by concealed iron Columns. The interior of the Body of the Building forms a beautiful Hall, 112 Feet long and 35 Feet high, with a vaulted and ribbed Ceiling, fpringing from two Ranges of ribbed Co-^ lumns. The Spaces between the Columns are divided by Partitions into Stalls or Alcoves for Books, having a light Gallery above, protedted by an ornamented iron Baluftrade. One of the Tran- fepts is ufed as a Reading-room; the other is divided into three Apartments for Books. This Hall, in the Conftrudtion of which great Caution was ufed to guard againft Injury by Fire, is heated by Steam, which is conveyed from a Boiler in the Bafement, through iron Pipes to four Stacks of perpendicular copper Pipes, arranged like Screens at the Sides of the central Area. An ingenious felf- adling Contrivance regulates the Draft, fo as to check or increafe the Generation of the Steams The whole Coft, including the heating Apparatus, was little fhort of $75,000. The Publick Library of the Univerfity, for which alone, as before ftated, this Hall is defigned (the Li- braries of the Theological, Medical, and Law Schools being kept in feparate Buildings), contains Books in all Branches of Learning. Thefe are arranged according to Subjedts into the four grand Divifions of Literature, Hiftory, Theology, and Science, with numerous Subdivifions. The iirft Claffification of the Books was made in 1822, by Jofeph G. Cogf- [ 126 ] Well, Efq., now the learned Superintendent of the Aftor Library ; and it has been continued ever fince, upon effentially the fame Plan. The Divifion of Theology contains the four great Polyglots, the Complutenfian, Antwerp, French and Englifh; a very valuable Colle6tion of the Writings of the Fathers of the Church ; a com- plete Apparatus for the critical Study of the Script- ures and ecclefiaftical Hiftory, and a Body of the mifcellaneous Writings of all the beft modern Divines. The fcientifick Divifion is rich in Works on the exadt and natural Sciences ; and the Library is well fupplied in the Departments of Philofophy, Ethics, ancient and modern Literature, Hiftory, Topography, and Antiquities. Voluminous and expenfive Works, which are rarely met with, except in large publick Libraries, here have their Place. Nowhere elfe in the United States will be found fo large a CoUedtion of the Journals and Reports of the Englifh Parliament ; and the Department of American Hiftory is unrivalled, at leaft in this Country. The Colledlion of Maps, the Titles of which alone fill a printed Volume of two hundred and twenty-four Pages, is believed to be altogether unique. The Library contains, alfo, a few valua- ble and interefting Manufcripts ; one of which, a Fragment of the Gofpels of Matthew and John, in the Greek uncial Characfter on Parchment, is more than one thoufand Years old, and is doubtlefs the only Specimen of this Kind and Age on this Con- tinent. [ 1^7 1 The Benefits conferred by this Library, are ren^r dered, by the LiberaUty of its Regulations, as Ex- tenfive as is confiftent with the Safety of the Property. Books are borrowed and returned, in term TTime, from 2 to 4 o' Clock on Mondays, Tuefdays, Wednefdays and Thurfdays, and in Vacations from 9 to J o'clock on Mondays. Admittance and Permiflion to confult the Books are afforded gratu- itoufly to all Vifitors. Perfons having a temporary Refidence near the Univerfity, for the Purpofes of Study, are permitted to borrow Books without Charge ; while the Library is one of the principal Attradijpns to an increafing Number of Students, who refort to this celebrated Univerfity for an Education. John L. Sibley, Librarian. [ 128 ] YALE COLLEGE LIBRARY. 35,000 Vols. THIS Library is defigned for the Ufe of the feveral Faculties of the College, Students connedled with the Theological, Law, Medical and Philofophical Departments, and the Members of the Senior and Junior ClafTes in the Academical Department. The whole Number of Books belonging to it, exclufive of about 5000 Pamphlets, is 35,000. Each of the profeffional Schools has connedled with it a feparate Library, making a Summary of 5000 additional Volumes! In the Library of the Linonian Society, there are [ 129 J 12,500 Volumes; of the Brothers in Unity, 12,500; making a Total of 60,000 Volumes. The following Account of the Origin and Pro- grefs of the Library is taken mainly from Norton's Literary Regifter for 1853. The neceffary Changes and Additions have been made, bringing it down to the prefent Time, In the Year 1700, ten of the principal Clergy- men of the Colony of Connefticut met at New Haven, and formed themfelves into a Body of Truftees for the Purpofe of eftablifhing a College in the Colony. At the next Meeting, which was at Branford, each one prefented to the Body a Number of Books, and laid them on the Table with thefe Words : " I give thefe Books for found- ing a College in this Colony" The Library thus formed, conlifted of about 40 folio Volumes ; and Rev. Samuel Ruffell of Branford, was appointed the Keeper. This CoUeftion, with its Additions, was kept at Branford nearly three Years, when it was removed to Killingworth, the Relidence of Rev. Abraham Pierfon, the Redlor of the Col- lege. In October, 1 701, the Collegiate School received a Charter from the Legiflature of the Colony of Connecticut. It is probable that on the Death of Redor Pierfon, in 1707, the Library was tranf- ferred to Saybrook, the Seat of the College, and there remained until 171 8. About 171 3, the Library was increafed by feveral Donations, efpecially by a confiderable Collection S [ 13° ] fent from England by Sir John Davie, previoufly of Groton, Conn. In 1714, a large Addition was made through the generous Efforts of Jeremiah Dummer, Colonial Agent at London, who fent about 800 valuable Volumes. Of thefe, 120 were his own Gift, about 40 were given by Gov. Yale, and the Remainder were, through Mr. Dummer's Inftrumentality, prefented by Gentlemen in Eng- land, among whom were Sir Ifaac Newton, Dr. Edmund Halley, Sir Richard Steele, Dr. Bentley and Dr. Calamy. Another Donation of about 300 Volumes was fent by Gov. Yale, in 1717, and Mr. Dummer added in 171 8, about ys Volumes more. In 171 7-1 8, the College was tranfferred to New Haven, and a large College-houfe was here built, which in September, 171 8, was named Yale College, in Commemoration of the Generofity of Elihu Yale, then a Refident of London, but a Native of New Haven. The Name was foon extended to the whole Inftitution, but was not its legal Title until 1745. In December, 171 8, the Library was removed to New Haven, not without violent Oppofition, and about 250 Volumes were loft in the tranffer. Occafional Donations of Books were from this Time received, but none of much Magnitude until the Year 1733, when Rev. George Berkeley, Dean of Derry, in Ireland (who when in Rhode Ifland a few Years previous, had given to the Library Copies of his own Works), fent to the College a moft im- portant Donation, amounting to nearly a thoufand [ ^31 J Volumes, and making the fineft CoUedtion of Books which, up to that Time, had ever come at once into America. In 1743, a Catalogue of all the Books in the Library was prepared by Prefident Clap. It was arranged according to Subjedts, and was printed in a Volume of 48 Pages, 1 2°. at New London, in 1743. The Number of Volumes in the Library at this Time was about 2,600. The Catalogue was accompanied with an Introdudtion, by Rev. Dr. Johnfon, of Stratford, afterwards Prefident of Columbia College, N. Y., exhibiting a general View of all the Arts and Sciences, with a Catalogue of fome of the moft valuable Authors on each Part of Philofophy proper to be read by Students. From this Time to the latter Part of the Century, the Library increafed but llowly. The College had fcarcely any Funds for the Purchafe of Books, and the Number prefented was not large. During the War of the Revolution, the Library was fent into the Interior to fecure it from the Enemy, and many Books were probably thus loft. The Fund for the Increafe of the Library was commenced in 1763, when the Sum of ten Pounds (Conn. Currency) was received by Bequeft from Rev. Jared Eliot, of Killingworth. In i 'j']'], a like Sum was received from Rev. Thomas Ruggles of Guilford. In 1791, a Bequeft of $1,122 was re- ceived from Rev. Samuel Lockwood, D. D. of Andover, Conn. In 1805, an important Addition was made by [ 132 ] the Purchafe of about 2,000 Volumes by Profeffof Silliman, during his Vifit to Europe. In 1807, Hon. Ohver Wolcott, then refiding in New York, gave $2,000 to the Library Fund. In 1 821, a Bequeft of $3,000 was made to the College by Noah Linfly, Efq. of Wheeling, Va., but previ- oully of Branford, Conn. By Vote of the Corpo- ration, the Income of this Gift was affigned to the Library, and was fo continued until the Year 1851. In 1 823, a Donation of feveral hundred Volumes was made by Rev. Jedediah Morfe and Prof. S. F. B. Morfe. The fame Year, Eli Whitney, Efq. of New Haven, gave to the Fund $500, the Income to be expended in the purchafe of Books on Practical Mechanicks. Daniel Wadfworth, Efq. of Hartford, likewife gave $500, the Income to be ufed for buy- ing Books on Natural Hiftory and Chemiftry. In 1833, the Sum of $5,000 was contributed to the Fund, by John T. Norton, Efq. of Albany, N. Y., now of Farmington, Conn. In 1836, the Library Funds were enlarged by a Bequeft of $10,000, received from Alfred E. Per- kins, M. D. of Norwich, Conn. This Legacy forms a feparate Fund, and the Income thereof is expended in buying Books to be kept apart, and forming a diftindl; Portion of the Library. In 1843, a Bequeft made in 1825, by Rev. John Elliott, of Guilford, reached the amount of $1,000. By the Terms of Gift, $50 of the annual Income of this Fund is to be applied in buying Books for the Theological Department. [ 133 ] in 1H45, the Income of the Library Funds having accumulated to a confiderable Amount, ProfelTor Kingfley, who was the Librarian for nine- teen Years previous to 1825, and was everyway qualified for the Undertaking, went abroad, and expended in England, Holland, France, and Ger- many; about $8,000 in the purchafe of Books. In 1 849, a Legacy left for the Library Fund by Mr. Addin Lewis, of New Haven (who died in 1 842), reached the intended amount of $5,000, and the annual Income has fince been applied to the Library. In 1850, a Gift of $500 to the Library Fund, refulting from a previous conditional Subfcription to another Objeft, was received from FrofefToi' Kingfley. A Building for the Reception of the Library of the College and the Libraries of the literary Societies of the Inflitution, was commenced in 1 842. The College Library was removed in 1 843J into one of the fmaller Apartments, but the prin- cipal Hall was not ready for the Reception of Books until 1 846. The Building is of Gothick Style, and the Material is brown Sandftone from Portland, Conn. It comprifes two Halls for the College Library, with Reading-room, Ante-room and Librarian's Room connected, and alfo feparate Halls for the Society Libraries. The fouthern Wing (neareft the Obferver, on the Sketch) is occupied by the Library of the Lionian Society, the northern by that of the Brothers' Society. The Dimenlions i 134 ] of the Building are as follows : whole Front, 1 5 1 Feet ; Front of main Hall, 5 1 Feet ; Length of do. 95 Feet ; Front of each Wing, 30 Feet ; Length of do. 67 Feet; conneding Wings, 26 Feet by 40 Feet; extreme Height of Towers, 91 Feet; interior Dimenfions of main Hall, 83 Feet by 41 Feet; Height of Nave, 5 1 Feet. The entire Coft of the Structure, when ftone Pinnacles are added, will be about $40,000. The Library, though not fo large as could be wifhed, is a good one, and is gradually enlarging by the Expenditure of the Income of the Funds and by Donations. No Catalogue has been publifhed fince 1823. A manufcript Catalogue on Cards is in Courfe of Preparation, but it is not propofed to print it. The Library has no ancient Manufcripts of Importance. Among the modern ones which it poffeffes are about forty Volumes left by Pref Styles, which are often confulted, being fpecially valuable in relation to the political and eccleliaftical Hiftory of this Country. It has alfo a Colledtion of Papers relating to the Controverfy between the Mohegans and the Colony of Connedlicut. Of the more valuable printed Works which it comprifes, the following may perhaps be worthy of mention, viz : A Colledtion of American Newfpapers of 1765-6, gathered by Dr. Stiles, with reference to the Stamp Adl, 4 Vols, folio. This is a unique Colleftion of great hiftorical Value, and not to be replaced in Cafe of Accident or Lofs. Purchas, his Pil- grimes, 5 Vols, folio, 1625-6 (a fine Copy); [ 135 ] Graevii Gronovii Thefaurus Antiquitatum, etc. 87 Vols, folio ; Muratori's Scriptores Italici, 24 Vols, folio ; Defcription de I'Egypte, Paris (an early Copy), 1809, etc. 22 Vols, folio; Kingfbo- rough's Antiquities of Mexico, 9 Vols, folio; Silveftre's Paleographie Univerfelle, 4 Vols, folio ; Zahn's Antiquities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabia, folio ; Documents Inedits fur I'Hiftoire de la France, 1 07 Vols. 4°. (in Progrefs) ; Annali dell' Inftituto di Corrifpondenza Archeologica, 1829- 45, 16 Vols. 8°.; BuUettino do. 1829-1844; Maii Scriptorum Veterum Nova Colleftio Vati- cana, 10 Vols, folio; Maii Spicilegium Roman- mn, ID Vols. 8°.; Piranefi's Colledlion of Italian Antiquities, etc. 27 Vols, folio ; Pertz's Monumenta GermanicB Hiftorica, Vols. 1-8, folio; Fungruben des Orients, 6 Vols, folio ; Milan Edition of the Italian Clailics, 400 Vols. 8°.; Allgemeine Literatur Zeitung, complete, 1785-1849, 141 Vols. 4°.; Berliner Jahrbiicher, complete, 1 827-1 845, 33 Vols. 4°. ; Wiener Jahrbiicher der Literatur, complete, 181 8-1 849 ; Colledtion of orignal Pamphlets con- cerning Englifh Affairs from Charles I. to James II. Publications of the Engliih Record Com- miffion, 74 Vols, folio ; Calvin's Opera Omnia, 9 Vols, folio ; Taylor's Tranflations of Plato and Ariftotle, 19 Vols. 4°-; Hanfard's Parliamentary Debates, 137 Vols. 8°.; Ternaux-Compans's Col- lection of Voyages, &c. relative to the Difcovery of America, 20 Vols. 8°. Paris ; Erfch and Griiber's Encyclopedia, 1 00 Vols. 4°. (in Progrefs) ; Catelby's [ 136 ] Natural Hiftory of Carolina, folio ; Byzantine Hif- torians, Venice Edition, 23 Vols, folio. A Collec- tion of about 4,000 Vols, chiefly in ecclefiaftical Hiftory and patriftick Theology, formerly belong- ing to Prof J. K. Philo, of the Univerfity of Halle, who died in 1853, was added to the Library by Purchafe in 1854. The oldeft printed Work in the Library is a Copy of two Tradls of St. Auguftine (de Vita Chriftiana, etc.), printed by Ulric Zell, of Mayence, A. D. 1467. During Term-time, the College Library is open every fecular Day, from 10 A. M. to i P. M., and from 3 to 5 P. M., and in Summer ufually an Hour or two more. The Perfons entitled to borrow from the Library, are the ProfefTors and Teachers of the College, Members of the profeffional and fcientifick Schools, and of the Junior and Senior Clafles, and fuch other Perfons as the Library Committee may authorize. For Confultation, however, the Library is opened freely to every Applicant. Books are occafionally loaned to Perfons at a Diflance, by Permiffion of the Committee. Edward C. Herrick, A. M., Librarian. L n7 ] LIBRARY OF BROWN UNIVERSITY. 28,500 Vols. THIS Library, which is in the lower Part of Manning Hall, although not fo large, numerically fpeaking as other Libraries which we have defcribed, is regarded by Biblio- graphers as very choice an4 valuable. A large Proportion of the Books have been feledled and purchafed within the laft twenty Years, with fpecial Reference to the Wants of Students and Gentle- men engaged in literary and fcientifick Refearch. The Departments of Bibliography, the Clafficks, Englifh Hiftory and Literature, the Fathers or Patrifticks, Mathematicks, and the Modern Lan- T [ ^8 I guages, are quite full and comparatively com- plete. The Library has a large Colledion of bound Pamphlets, including 278 Volumes collefted and prefented by the Hon. Theron Metcalf of Bofton, a Graduate of the Clafs of 1 805. Of thefe, 58 are Ordination Sermons, and deferve efpecial Notice. They contain 1 300 Difcourfes preached at Ordina- tions, Inftallations and Inaugurations in the United States, and chiefly in New England, conftituting without Doubt the largeft Colledtion of this Kind that has ever been made. There are alfo in Judge Metcalf's Colledlion, 70 Volumes of Funeral Ser- mons, as follows : Minifters, 20 Volumes ; Bofton Minifters, 5 ; Minifters' Wives, 4 ; Women, 6 ; Prefidents of the United States, 6, &c. ; 1 9 Volumes of Century and Half Century Difcourfes ; 1 2 Vol- umes of Fourth of July Orations, including all de- livered before the Municipal Authorities of Bofton from 1800 to 1857; Difcourfes on Walhington, 5 Volumes; Miffionary Sermons, 12 Volumes; Phi Beta Kappa Addrefles, 4 Volumes, &c. &c. The Importance of fuch a Colledtion as this, in Connec- tion with the eccleliaftical and civil Hiftory of our Country, can hardly be over eftimated. The whole Number of Books in the College Library, exclufive ofalargeNumber of unbound Pamphlets, is 28,500. In Addition to thefe, the Philermenian and United Brothers' Societies have about 6,000 Volumes, making a Total of 34,500. Brown Univerfity was incorporated in the Year 1764. It was originally eftabliftied in the Town [ 139 ] of Warren, R. I., where, in the Year 1769, thefirft Commencement was celebrated. It was fubfe- quently removed to Providence, where the firft College Edifice (Univerfity Hall) was eredled, in the Year 1770. The firft Books obtained for the Library, were procured through the Agency of the Rev. Morgan Edwards of Philadelphia, who in the Years 1768-9, vifited England, Wales and Ireland to procure Funds for the College. In 1826, the Library contained 5,818 Volumes, of which 1300 were bequeathed to it by the Rev. Wm. Richards, LL. D., of Lynn, England, in the Year 1 8 1 8. This Colleftion is in many Refpedls valuable, containing a confiderable Number of Welfh Books, Works illuftrating the Hiftory and Antiquities of England and Wales, and feveral hundred bound Volumes of Pamphlets, many of them very ancient, rare, and curious. Mr. Richards was a Native of South Wales, and for many Years Paftor of the Baptift Church in Lynn, where he died in the 69th Year of his Age. Soon after the Acceffion of the Rev. Dr. Wayland to the Prelidency of the College, Efforts were made to increafe the Efficiency of the Library, by raifing a Fund for the Purchafe of Books, and alfo Apparatus for the philofophical and chemical Departments of the Univerfity. Thefe Efforts were fo far fucceff- ful, that the Sum of $19,437 was obtained, of which the Hon. Nicholas Brown, with his wonted Liberality, gave 10,000. It was put on Intereft until 1839, when having increafed to twenty-five [ HO ] thoufand Dollars, it was invefted in a permanent Fund, according to the Provifions of the Subfcrip- tion. Theannuallncomeof thisFundis $1,750, of which about $250 is appropriated for Apparatus,and the Remainder devoted to the Purchafe of Books. The Room ufed for the Library, at the Time when the Library Fund was raifed, " was an Apartment in Univerfity Hall, crowded to Excefs, unfightly and wholly unfuited for the Purpofe to which, from NecefTity it was devoted." To remedy this Defeft, the Hon. Nicholas Brown erecfted at his own Expenfe a beautiful Edifice, for a Library and Chapel ; to which, in Teflimony of Veneration for his former Inflrudtor, he gave the Name of Manning Hall. At the Dedication, February 4, 1835, Dr. Wayland delivered a Difcourfe on the " Dependence of Science upon Revealed Religion," which was publifhed. This Hall, the third College Building which has been eredled, is of the Dorick Order, built of rub- ble Stone; and covered with Cement. Including the Portico, it is about 90 Feet in Length, by 42 Feet in Width. Its Height, . from the Top of the Bafement, is 40 Feet. The Library occupies the Whole of the firft Floor, and is a beautiful Room, ornamented in the Centre with a double Row of fluted Columns, from which the Shelves extend to the Walls, forming twelve Alcoves. Its Dimen- fions are 64 Feet by 38, and 13 Feet high. Extra Shelves for the Accommodation of the Books have been conflrudred in every available Place through- [ HI ] out, and already they are completely filled. This, together with the Fad: that the Building is not Fire-proof, points to the Neceffity of a more capa- cious and fubflantial Edifice at a not far diftant Day. Soon after the Removal to this Building, the Library was newly arranged, and in 1 843 a full Catalogue of its Contents was printed. This Catalogue was favourably noticed in the North American Review, and in other leading Periodicals, and drew efpecial Attention to this important De- partment of the Inftitution. It was prepared by Prof. C. C. Jewett, who was the Librarian of the Univerfity from 1841 to 1848, when he refigned, in order to take Charge of the library Department connected with the Smithfonian Inftitution at Wafhington. The Catalogue is alphabetical, ac- cording to the Authors' Names, and has a copious and analytical Index of Subjedls. A Supplement much larger than the original Volume, and on the fame Plan, has been prepared on Cards. Shortly afterwards a Chair of modern Languages was eftablifhed at the College; and Mr. Jewett, the Profeftbr eledt, was encouraged to vifit Europe, partly for the Purpofe of profeffional Study, and partly to enable the Friends of the Inftitution to carry out their Wifties more effedually for the In- creafe of the Library. Prof Jewett was authorized by Mr. John Carter Brown (Son of the Hon. Nicholas Brown, from whom the Inftitution derives its Name), to Purchafe at his Expenfe, fuch Books [ 142 ] in the German, French and Itahan Languages, as he might think moft ufeful for the College. The Col- ledtion thus obtained, numbering 292 1 Volumes, was feledled with great Pains and excellent Judgment ; and notwithftanding they were purchafed without re- gard to Coji, the average Price per Volume, including all Expenfes, was only 89 Cents. They are all well bound, moft of them newly and elegantly, in half Calf, plain Gilt. The Colleftion includes a Set of the French, German and Italian Clafficks, in the befl and fulleft library Editions ; the Principal phi- lofophical, fcientifick and hiftorical Works of late continental Scholars ; a complete Set of the Moni- teur Univerfel, from its Commencement to 1826, a clean, beautiful, well bound Copy of the original Edition, in 77 Vols, folio ; a Set of the Memoirs of the French Inftitute (ince its Reorganization, 61 Vols. 4°. ; the Colledlion of Memoirs relative to the Hiftory of France, by Guizot and Petitot, 162 Vols. 8°.; Biographic Univerfelle, 52 Vols, full Calf, 8°. ; a complete Set of the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung, 134 Vols. 4°.; and of the All- gemeine Deutfche Bibliothek, 133 Vols. 8°.; II Vaticano, 8 Vols, folio, ellegantly illuflrated; II Campidoglio, 2 Vols, folio ; the Mufeo Borbonico, 1 3 Vols. 40., the original Naples Edition ; the Works of Canova and Thowaldfen ; the Mufee Franfais and Mufee Royal, in 6 Vols, folio ; the Defcription de I'Egypte ; Canina's Architedture, and many more illuflrated Works of great Beauty and Value, befides rare and coflly Maps and Prints. [ H3 J Thefe Books were moftly purchafed at the Auftions in Paris, Rome, Leipfic, Frankfort on the Maine, and BerHn. Mr. Brown has lince continued the Moniteur, Memoirs, Mufeo Borbonico, &c., down to the prefent Time. To fupply the Deficiencies of the Library in ftandard EngUfli Works, a Subfcription was opened among the Friends of the College, amounting to about $5,000, and Mr. Jewett was appointed to feledt and purchafe the Books. This Collecftion was received in the Library in 1 845, and raifed the whole Number of Volumes to nearly 19,000. Among the Engliih Books added to the Library at this Time is a Shakfpeariana, in 196 Volumes, bound in full Calf, gilt. It was collected by Thos. Rodd, Efq. Bookfeller in London, and contains Ireland's own Copy of his ConfeJJions, inlaid (as the Book-binders term it) with marginal Notes in his own Handwriting, and many original and curious Documents. The CoUeftion was purchafed for the fmall Sum of $500, and was prefented to the Library by the late Mofes B. Ives, Efq. a Graduate of the College in 1 8 1 2, for nearly thirty-two Years its Treafurer, and on all Occafions one of its moft zealous and adtive Friends. The Clafs which graduated in 1821 held a Meet- ing in Providence, a Quarter of a Century from the Time of their Graduation, at which a confiderable Sum of Money was fubfcribed for the Benefit of the Library, in Token of their grateful Intereft in the Inftitution at which they were educated. The [ H4 I Money thus obtained was placed in the Hands of Dr. Thomas H. Webb, of Bofton, who purchafed, with excellent Judgment, about five hundred Vol- umes, moftly from the Library of the Hon, John Pickering. Among thefe are 50 Volumes of the " Hiftoire de 1' Academic Royale des Infcriptions et Belles-Lettres"; Fabricii Bibliotheca Grsca, 14 Vols. 4°. ; and a large, thick folio Volume of Plu- tarch's Lives, in Latin, publifhed at Rome, in 1471. The next Year, 1847, the Rev. Samuel Ofgood, D. D. of New York, at that Time a Clergyman in Providence, propofed to feveral of the religious Societies of the City, a Subfcription for the Purpofe of fupplying the Deficiencies of the Library in the beft Editions of the Fathers of the Church, and the ftandard theological Writers of the Reformation. About $2,000 were raifed, and a fine Colledtion was purchafed of the Benedifbine Editions of feveral of the Fathers ; the Bibliotheca Maxima Veterum Patrum, 30 Vols, folio ; Harduin's CoUeftio Con- ciliorum, 1 2 Vols, folio ; befides the choiceft and moft elegant Editions of many of the Fathers not edited by the Benedid:ines, and a large Collediion of Works conne6ted with Pariftick Literature and the Hiftory of the Reformation. To this Colledion of the Fathers valuable Additions were made at the recent Sale in New York of the Library of the late Dr. Jarvis. The following are fome of the more important Works which have recently been added to the Library, moftly by Purchafe, viz : Dryden and [ H5 J Swift's Works, edited by Sir W. Scott, 37 Vols. 8°. ; Corpus Scriptorum Byzantinas Hiftorias, Venice Edition, 30 Vols, folio; Dugdale's Monafticon, lateft Edition, 8 Vols. Royal 4°. ; Cafiri's Bibliotheca Arabico-Hifpana, 2 Vols, folio ; Brequigny's Table Cronologique des Diplomes, &c. 3 Vols, folio ; Memoirs of Thomas Hollis, 2 Vols. Royal 4°.; Centurias Ecclefiafticas Hiftorias, XIII, 1 3 Vols, fmall folio ; Grofe's Military Antiquities, and Antiquities of England, Wales, and Scotland, 1 2 Vols. 40. ; Holbrook's North American Herpetology, 5 Vols. 40. ; Gay's Hiftoria de Chile, 23 Vols. H°. of Text and 2 Vols, folio of Plates (prefented by Don Gero- nimo Urmeneta of Santiago) ; Tholuck's Lit. An- zeiger, 1830-49, 11 Vols. 4°.; Wailly's Elements de Paleographie, 2 Vols, large Paper, royal 4°. ; Nagler's Kiinftler-Lexicon, 22 Vols. 8°. ; Mont- faucon's Antiquite Expliquee, 15 Vols, folio; Choifeul's Voyage Pittorefque de la Grece, 3 Vols, folio; Harleian Mifcellany, edited by Park, 10 Vols. Royal 4°. ; Lord Somers's Colledion of Tradts, edited by Sir W. Scott, 1 3 Vols, royal 4°. ; The Port Folio, 5 Vols. 4°. &nd 42 Vols. 8°. ; Bloom- field's Critical Digeft, 8 Vols. 8°. ; Agaffiz's Re- cherches fur les Poiflbns Foffiles, 5 Vols. 4°. and 5 Vols, folio; Winckelmann's Monument! Antichi, 2 Vols, folio ; Gregorio's Bibliotheca Scriptorum Sicilis, 2 Vols, folio ; Baronii Annales Ecclefiaftici, Lucca Edition, 38 Vols, folio; Dodwell's Claffical Tour, 2 Vols. 4°. ; Calvin's Opera Omnia, 9 Vols. folio; Picart's Ceremonies et Coutumes, 10 Vols. U • [ 146 J folio ; Sigonii Opera Omnia, ed. Muratori, 6 Vols, folio '; Suicer's Thefaurus, 2 Vols, folio ; Pradus et Villapandus in Ezechielem, 3 Vols, folio ; Moreri's Diftionnaire Hiftorique, 10 Vols, folio ; Spanheim's Numifmata, Gibbon's Copy, 2 Vols, folio ; Hefychii Lexicon Gra^cum, 2 Vols, folio ; Duchefne's Script- ores Fcancorum et Normanorum, 6 Vols, folio ; Schott's Scriptores Hifpanias, 4 Vols, folio ; Piftorii Rerum Germanicarum Scriptores, 4 Vols, folio; Audifredi's Specimen et Catalogus, 2 Vols. 4°. ; Montfaucon's Bibliotheca Bibliothecarum Manu- fcriptorum, 2 Vols, folio ; Cave's Pliftoria Literaria, 2 Vols, folio ; Diftionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, 72 Vols. 8°.; Revue Encyclopedique, 52 Vols. 8°.; Mabillon's Annales Ordinis S. Benedicfti, 6 Vols, folio; Hiftoire de I'Academie Fran9aife, 1666- 1762, 87 Vols. 4°.; Annales de Chimie, 120 Vols. 8°.; Ada Eruditorum, 95 Vols. 4°; Barros et Couto's Deccadas da Aliade, 7 Vols, folio ; Bruyere's L'Art de Conftrudlion, folio ; Ledebour's Plantte Rofficas et Altaic^, 5 Vols, folio (a fplendid and very coftly Work); Popp et Buleau's Les Trois Ages de I'Archi- tefture Gothique, folio ; Brockedon's Paffes of the Alps, 2 Vols. 4°. ; New^ton's Opera Omnia, ed. Horlly, 5 Vols. 4°. ; Stephani Thefaurus Grascas LingUcB, Vols. I "7, folio; Otto's Thefaurus Juris Romani, 5 Vols, folio ; Percy Society Publications, Vols. 1-30, 12°.; Fox's Ads and Monuments, 9th Ed. 3 Vols, folio ; Dupin's Ecclefiaftical Hiflory, 8 Vols, folio ; Ebert's Bibliographical Diftionary, 4 Vols. 8°. ; Annals of Ireland by the Four Mailers, [ ^M ] 4 Vols. 4°. ; Hanfard's Parliamentary Hiftory and Debates 1066- 1857, 245 Vols. 8°.; AUgemeine Geographifche Ephemeriden, 1797-1831, 82 Vols. 8°. ; Ferrario's Romanzi di Cavalleria, 4 Vols. 8°, ; Brevets d'Invention, 25 Vols 4°. ; Giggeius's The- faurus Lingua Arabics, 4 Vols, folio ; Hemprich et Ehrenberg's Icones et Defcriptiones Infeftorum, folio ; Graffenried et Sturler's Archite6ture Suiffe, tolio ; Gorii Antiqua Numifmata, large Paper, 3 ^"ols. folio ; Pinkerton's Voyages and Travels, 1 7 A^ols. 4°. ; Sternberg's Flora der Vorwelt, 2 Vols, folio ; Brotier's Tacitus, 4 Vols. 4°, ; Folard's Hiftoire de Polybe, 7 Vols. 4°. ; Grasvii Thefaurus Antiquitatum Romanarum, 1 2 Vols, folio ; Grsvii Thefaurus Antiquitatum et Hiftoriarum Italic, Sicilias, &c. 45 Vols, folio ; Corpus Infcriptionum Grsecarum, ed. Boeckhius, Vols, i & 2, folio ; Heeren und Ukert's Gefchichte der Europaifchen Staaten, 62 Vols. 8°. ; John's "Archiv," and "Jahrbiicher" to 1857, 107 Vols. 8°. The following are a fev^ of the important Works v/hich have recently been prefented to the Library by Mr. Brown, viz : Juftiniani Inftitutiones, folio ; Venetiis, N. Jenfon, 1477, (a fplendid Copy of one of the old illuminated Books, bound in full Ruffia) ; Babylonian Talmud, 12 Vols, folio, (bound in full Goat, gilt); Barnard's Catalogus Bibliothecse Regise, large Paper, 6 Vols, folio ; Philofophical Trafadiions of the Royal Society of London, 1665-1857, 78 Vols. 4°. ; Muratori's Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (with Continuation by Tartini), 30 Vols, folio; [ 148 ] Journal des Debats, 1800-36, 74 Vols, folio ; Pan- zer's Annales Typographic!, 11 Vols. 4°.; Livii Decades a Lucca Porro Recognitae, folio, Tarvifii, J. Yercellius, 1842. (An uncommonly fine Speci- men of ancient Typography) ; Year Books, 1596- 1 640, black Letter, i o Vols, fmall folio ; Aringhi Roma Subterranea poft Bofium, &c. 2 Vols, folio, 1659. The Library is open during Term-time, daily, from 9 till I ; during Vacations, weekly, on Satur- days, from II till I. The Members of the Cor- poration and Faculty; all refident "Graduates; all Donors to the Library Fund ; all Donors to the Fund for building Rhode Ifland Hall; and all Donors to the Library to the Amount of $40, refiding in Providence, are entitled to the Ufe of the Library without Expenfe. Undergraduates are entitled to the Ufe of the Library, and are charged therefore the Sum of $3 per annum. The Privilege of confulting the Library is ex- tended, under ordinary Reftriftions, to all Graduates of the Univerfity ; to all fettled Clergymen of every Denomination, refiding in the City of Providence and the Vicinity ; and to all other Perfons on whom, for the Purpofe of advancing the Arts, Science or Literature, the Corporation or Library Committee may, from Time to Time, confer it. Books are occafionally loaned to Perfons at a Diftance by fpe- cial Permiffion. Reuben A. Guild, Librarian. [ H9 J LIBRARY COMPANY OF PHILADELPHIA, AND THE LOGANIAN LIBRARY. 70,000 Vols. I. Library Company of Philadelphia. 60,000 Vols. THE Foundation of the Library Company of Philadelphia, was laid in 1 731, when but few Refources for literary Refearch were acceiTible in America. A fmall Number of Gentlemen, among whom was the celebrated Ben- jamin Franklin, having fubfcribed the Sum of one hundred Pounds, a Colledlion was commenced. [ I50 1 Subfcribers being allowed to carry the Books to their Dwellings for Perufal during their Hours of Leifure. The firft Purchafe of Books was made in London, the Liftfor the fame having been made out, at the Requeft of the Direftors, by the Hon. James Logan, " a Gentleman of univerfal Learning, and the beft Judge of Books in thefe Parts." By flow Degrees new Members were added to the Company, and the Stock of Books was annually increafed by Purchafes, and by Donations. Among the Donors, the then Proprietors of Pennfylvania are to be numbered, and from them a Charter of perpetual Incorporation was obtained in 1742. The Books firfl: received from London, were taken to Robert Grace's Chamber, at his Houfe in Jones's Alley, and there placed upon Shelves and catalogued. The iirfl; Librarian, Louis Timothee, gave Attendance from 2 to 3 on Wednefdays, and on Saturdays from 10 till 4. Benjamin Franklin was the fecond Librarian. Among thofe who fuc- ceeded him are included Francis Hopkinfon, the Author, and Zachariah Poulfon, the well known Publiflier of Poulfon's Daily Advertifer. In 1740, the Books were removed to the " upper Room of the wefternmoft Office of the State Houfe," the Ufe of which had been lately granted to the Company by the Afl:embly. In 1773, the fecond Floor ot Carpenter's Hall was rented, and the Books re- moved thither. The Britifh Army had Poffeffion of Philadelphia, from Sept. 26th, 1777, ^^ ]^^^ 1 8th, 1778 ; but it does not appear that the Com- I ^51 J pany fuftained any Lois from thofe who compofed it. The Officers, without Exception, left Depofits and paid Hire for the' Books borrowed by them. In 1777, the Library Room was occupied by the lick Soldiers. In 1790, the Books were removed to the prefent Building, of which the foregoing wood Cut is a Reprefentation, in Fifth Street, below Cheftnut. The firft Stone of this Edifice was laid on the 3 1 ft of Auguft, 1789; the Minutes ftate, "that, upon the Suggeftion of Dr. Benjamin Franklin, a large Stone was prepared, and laid at the fouthweft Corner of the Building, with the following Infcrip- tion, compofed by the Do6lor, except fo far as relates to himfelf, which the Committee have taken the Liberty of adding to it : Be it remembered, In honor of the Philadelphia youth, (Then chiefly artificers,) That in MDCCXXXI, They cheerfully, At the injlance of Benjamin Franklin, One of their number, Injlituted the Philadelphia Library, Which, though fmall at firjl. Is become highly valuable and extenjively ufeful, And which the walls of this edifice Are now dejlined to contain and preferve ; The firjl Jlone of whofe foundation Was here placed The thirty-flrjl day of Augujl, 1789. The Style of Architecture is of courfe fomewhat antique. A Niche immediately over the front Entrance is occupied by a Statue of Franklin, ex- ecuted in Italy, by Francis Lazzarini, being the firft [ 152 ] Specimen of Sculpture of fo large a Size ever im- ported to this Country. The Head is from the Buft of Houdon, and is an excellent Likenefs. The Figure is arrayed in Roman Toga, the right Arm refting on a Pile of Books, holding in the right Hand an inverted Sceptre, and in the left a Scroll, It is much to be defired that fome pubhck fpir- ited Individual, emulating the Liberahty of a Brown, a Gore, an Aftor, or a Peabody, fhould endow this venerable and ufeful Inftitution with Funds fuffi- cient to ered; a fire-proof Building, the prefent, with its precious Contents, being liable at any Time to be confumed by Fire. The Sum of $i 3,000 has already been fubfcribed for a building Fund, on Condition that it be raifed to ^20,000. The Number of Volumes now in the Library is 60,000, exclufive of 10,000 in the Loganian Li- brary attached, of which a feparate Account is given at the Clofe of this Sketch. They embrace all Suhjedls, the Objed: kept in View being to have both a good circulating Library of general Litera- ture, and a Collection of the Standard Books of Reference in every Department. Lefs Attention is paid to Medicine, Natural Hiflory and Law, than to Hiftory, &c. inafmuch as there are fpecial Col- ledlions of thefe in the Pennfylvania Hofpital, the Academy of Natural Sciences, and the Law Library. The Catalogues of the Library Company of Philadelphia, now brought down to 1856, are con- tained in three Volumes, of .which the firft and [ 153 ] fecond, publifhed in 1835, comprife the Books in the Library at that Date, and the third contains the Titles of all Books added fince that Time, to- gether with a general Index. This is exclufive of the Loganian Library, to which the Members have Accefs, and of which a Catalogue in 450 Pages, odlavo, was publifhed in 1837. From the Preface to the third Volume we ex- tract the following Account of the rareft and moft valuable Treafures in the two Colleftions of the Inftitution : " Of Manufcripts, the moft ancient is an Exem- plar of the entire Bible on Parchment, of the Date of 1016. The moft beautiful is an illuminated Pfalter on fine Velum, and in perfed: Prefervation ; though written in Roman Charadlers, it appears to be a Specimen of German Art of the early Part of the 15th Century. Two Volumes of original Let- ters of King James L ; two of his official Corref- pondence with the Irifh Viceroyalty ; an original Diary of the Marquis of Clanricarde (i 641 -1643) ; and the unpublifhed Autobiography of John Fitch, are noteworthy. Of early printed Books, there are feveral of the Date of 1470, and others without Date. The Loganian Library poflefles a Copy of Caxton's Golden Legend ; feveral Works from the Prefs of Wynken de Worde ; a Vulgate Bible, printed at Rome by Sweynheym & Pannartz, in 1471, pro- nounced fort rare by Brunet ; another from the Prefs of Koburger, at Nuremberg, in 1475; an V [ 154 ] Englifh Verfion, printed by Grafton, in 1539, and a Nouveau Teftament, printed by Barthelemy & Buyer, at Lyons, about 1480. A noble Edition of Perceforeft — " de tous les Romans de Chevalerie le plus eftime"— in 6 Vols, folio, Paris, 1531 ; an early German Verfion, with numerous wood Cuts, of Reynard the Fox— " Reynke Vofs de olde," Roftock, 1549; and Copland's Edition of Caxton's Recuile of the Hiftories of Troie, London, 1553, are rare and curious. Of Works relating to Antiquities, the following are the moft remarkable: Lepfius's, Roflelini's, Denon's, and Vyfe's Egypt ; Botta's and Layard's folio Plates of Nineveh ; Kingfborough's and Le- noir's Mexico ; eight folio Volumes of Plates on Herculaneum ; Piranefi's Works ; II Vaticano ; and Meyrick on Ancient Armour. In the Department of Works relating to America, the two Libraries may, without Exaggeration, be faid to be very rich. The Sets of Newfpapers, from the firft Number of the firft Paper publifhed in Philadelphia continuoufly to the prefent Time, in- clude a Set of Bradford's American Mercury, from 1 7 1 9 to 1 745 ; the Pennfylvania Gazette (publifhed fucceffively by Samuel Keimer, Dr. Benjamin Franklin, and Hall & Sellers) complete, from 1728 to 1804; the Pennfylvania Journal, from 1747 to 1793; the Pennfylvania Packet (afterwards Poul- fon's Advertifer), under various Names, from 1771 to the prefent Time ; the Federal and Philadelphia Gazette, from 1788 to 1 843 ; and the United States [ 155 J Gazette, now the North American, from 1791 to the prefent Time. After the Newfpapers, may be mentioned the ineftimable Colleftion of Books, Pamphlets, Broadfides, and Manufcripts coUecfted by Pierre Du Simitiere. before, during, and after the Revolution, and purchafed for the Company. A Portion of thefe Pamphlets, and the larger Part of the Broadfides are believed to be quite unique. Befchreibung von Pennfylvania, Frankfort und Leipzig, 1704, by Paftorius, the perfonal Friend of William Penn, and the Founder of Germantown, is believed to be the only Copy in the United States ; with it is bound up a German Tranflation of Gabriel Thomas's Pennfylvania, and Faulkner's Curieufe Nachricht von Pennfylvania, 1702. H. J. Wynkelmann's Americanifchen neuen Welt Befchreibung, Oldenburg, 1664, with Wood-cuts, is a mofl curious and extremely rare Publication. Other German Works on America not often met with in this Country, are Gottfriedt's Hiftoria An- tipodum, Frankfort, 1655, and Dapper's unbekannte neue Welt, Amflerdam, 1673 ; both have numer- ous fine Plates and Maps. Campanius's Kort Befkryfnnig om Provincien Nya Swerige callas Pennfylvania, Stockholm, 1702, with curious Plates and Maps, is one of the few Copies known to exifl ; and Ovalle's Hiflorica Relation del Reyno de Chile, with the Map and all the Plates, is of great Rarity. Jones's prefent State of Virginia, London, 1724; " one of' the fcarcefl Works relating to Virginia publifhed in the i8th Century" — is bound up with [ ^5(> ] "The prefent State of Virginia and the College," by Meffieurs Hartwell, Blair, and Chilton, London, 1727, which appears to be ftill more fcarce, as it is not mentioned either by Rich or Lowndes, nor does it appear in the Britifh Mufeum Catalogue of 1 8 19. Thefe, and other choice Works on the American Colonies, have the Initials of Peter Col- linfon on their Title Pages. Plantagenet's New Albion, Leah and Rachel, and other fcarce Books, were reprinted in Force's Hiflorical Tradls, from Originals in this Library. Aikin's Bible of 1782, publifhed under the Patronage of Congrefs, and Poor Richard's Almanac from 1733 to 1747, are very rare Works. The Library's Set of the Laws of Pennfylvania, is complete from the Beginning, and of the Journals of the Legillature nearly fo. Indeed, but few Works relating to Pennfylvania and Philadelphia are wanting, and of the local Hiftories of other States the Collection is good. The Col- ledion of the Publick Documents of the General Government is we believe unfurpaffed by that of any other iimilar Inftitution. This is owing in Part to the Fad, that, as Congrefs met here until 1 800, the original Editions of the early Congreffional Documents found their Way very naturally into the Library. Not the leaft interefting Portion of the Library is that confifting of Works in the Languages of Continental Europe. In the Departments of Belles-Lettres and Hiftory, the CoUedtion of French, Spanifh, and Italian Books embraces moft of the [ ^57 J ftandard Authors. The Edition of the French Clafficks, in 32 large quarto Volumes, entitled Colledlions du Dauphin — a beautiful Specimen of Typography — and Landino's " rare et recherche " Edition of Dante, Venetia, 15 12, are worthy of Notice. The German Library is, by no means, fo valuable, but it includes the "lammtHche Werke" of Luther (89 Vols.), Goethe, Schiller, Jean Paul, Zfchokke, Heine, &c. The CoUedion of Spanifh Authors (moftly in the Loganian Library) is the mofl complete, and was, and perhaps is, the fineft publick Colledtion in the Country. . Many of the Volumes are interefting from their Rarity or intrinfick Worth. Among thefe may be mentioned El Conde Lucanor, by the Prince Don Juan Manuel (Sevilla, 1575), defribed by Ticknor as " one of the rareft Books in the World ;" an unmutilated Edition of Celeftina, the firfl Spanifh dramatick Work of Note (1599) ; the Cronica del famofo Cavallero del Cid (Burgos, 1593), and the Coronica de el Rey Don Alonzo (1604). It contains, alfo, the excellent Reprint of the ancient Spanifh Chronicles (1787), and Zurita's Anales de la Corona de Aragon, with the Supple- ment of Argenfola. Not to mention the better known Names of Calderon, Lope de Vega, and the other early Dramatifls, it may be faid that all the modern Authors of Confequence, Feijoo, Father Ifla, Moratin, Yriarte, Melendez Valdez, and many others have been added to it. The Spanifh Writers on America are equally well reprefented. In the large Collediion of Englifh Works may [ 158 J be found complete Sets of the Royal Philofophical Tranfadions, the Gentleman's Magazine, the An- nual Regifter, Cobbett and Hanfard's Parliament- ary Debates, Curtis's Botanical Magazine, and other Periodicals, fome continued for more than a Cen- tury; the Publications of the Record Commiffion in 177 Vols, folio and 177 Vols. ocSavo ; a curious Colledlion of 700 Englifh Pamphlets in 36 Vols, quarto, publifhed during the revolutionary Period from 1620 to 1720, which with Somer's Trafts, the Harleian Mifcellany, and the Camden Society's Publications, eminently deferve the Attention of the Student of Englifh Hiftory ; a Series of the Englifh Chroniclers from Bede downwards, in the original Latin, as well as in Englifh ; and Danfey's Englifh Crufaders." The Loganian Library. This Colledlion, numbering 10,000 Volumes of rare and valuable Works, principally in the learned and foreign Languages, owes its Origin to the Honorable James Logan, the confidential Friend and Counfellor of William Penn, and for fome Time Prefident of the Council of the Province of Pennfylvania. Its Foundation confifls of a Portion of his own private Library, which, having coUedled at confiderable Expenfe, he was anxious fhould defcend to Poflerity and continue to others the Means of profecuting thofe Purfuits he had himfelf fo fuccefffuUy cultivated. With this View, he eredted a fuitable Building in Sixth Street, [ 159 ] near Walnut, for the Reception of a Library ; and by Deed, veiled it (with the Books and certain Rents, for the Purpofe of increasing their Number and paying a Librarian), in Truftees, for the Ufe of the Pubhck forever. This Deed he afterguards cancelled, and prepared but did not live to execute, another, in which fome Alteration was made in the Funds and Regulations. After his Death, his Children, William and James Logan, John Smith and Hannah, his Wife (fhe being the furviving Daughter), with commendable Liberality, carried into effedt the Intentions of Mr. Logan. The Loganian Library is attached to the Phila- delphia, and by the Rules of the Founder is open to the Publick without Charge, Vifiters being per- mitted either to read the Books in the Room or to take them Home, leaving, in the latter Cafe a Depolit in Money to fecure the Return. The Antiquity and learned Character of the Books, prefents this Privilege being available to the general Reader, As a Library of Reference, how- ever, it is invaluable. In early printed Books, the Clafficks, Theology, French Literature previ- ous to the nineteenth Century, and Spanifh Works on America, it is rich and curious. It alfo includes a valuable CoUedtion of Books on Natural Hiftory, late the Library of Zaccheus Collins, Efq. In 1 83 1, about 200 Volumes were deftroyed by Fire, befides an original Bull of Wilham Penn, and a Portrait of James Logan. Alfo a curious Clock, made by a French Artift, fo conftrucfted as to ring [ i6o J an Alarm each Day at Sun-fet. This Clock was the only one of the Kind in the World. The Income of the two Libraries is about $6,500, of which Amount $3,000 is expended for Books and Binding, thus adding to the Colledlions about 1500 Vols, per annum. Perfons entitled to the Ufe of the Library (or Libraries) are. Stockholders who pay $4 yearly ; and others who take out Books on Depolit and Hire. Lloyd P. Smith, Librarian. [ i6i ] BOSTON ATHENtEUM. 70,000 Vols. THIS Inflitution, which is the moft Exteniive and Succeffful of its Kind in the Country, owes its Origin to a Literary AlTociation which was formed in Bofton in the early Part of the prefent Century, known ^s the "Anthology Club." A Publication was conduced by them, W [ i62 ] entitled "Monthly Anthology." That Society eftablifhed a Reading-Room and Library, which received fo much Favor from various Quarters, that the Proprietors, defirous of rendering their Efforts more widely ufeful, tranfferred their Property to Truftees, and applied, through them, to the Legif- lature of Maffachufetts for an A61 of Incorporation. This being granted them in 1807, under the Name of "The Proprietors of the Bofton Athenaeum," one hundred and fifty Shares were immediately fold at $300 each. This Amount, with the Addition of $1,800 obtained for 18 Life Subfcribers at $100 each, making in all $46,800, conftituted the Capital of the Inftitution at that Time. The principal Endowments of the Athenaeum before the Year 1 847, are thus enumerated in an Infcription under the Corner Stone of the new Building : " The Sum of $42,000 was raijed for the general purpoj^s of the Athenaeum, by voluntary Subjcriptions for Shares created in 1807." "James Perkins, in 1821, gave his own cojlly Man/ion in Pearl Jtreet, which from that time has been the Jeat of the injlitu- tion." " In the jame year the jum of $22,000 was raifed by voluntary Jiibjcriptions for Jhares." •' Thomas Handajyd Perkins (bejldes his earlier and latf r valu- able donations), and James Perkins the younger, jecoiided, in 1826, the liberality of the father and the brother, each giving $8,000 ; and the fum of their contributions was increajed to $45,000 by other fubjcriptions, obtained chiefly through the efforts and influ- ence of Nathaniel Bowditch, Francis Calley Gray, George Tick^ nor, and Thomas Wren Ward." " Augujtus Thorndike, in 1 823, gave a choice colleSion of cajls of the mojl celebrated ancient Jlatues." [ i63 ] "George Watfon Bfimmcr, in 1838, gave a magnificent col- leflion of books on the fine arts." "John Bromfield, in 184.6, gave $25,000 as a fund to be regularly increajed by one quarter of the income, of which the other three quarters are to be annually applied to the purchaje of Books forever." "The Jum of $75,000, for the ereflion of the building, was raijed by voluntary jubjcription for Jhares created in 1844." This Sum of $75,000 having been found infuffi- cient for the Completion of the Building, an addi- tional Subfcription for 346 Shares at $300 each, was filled up in 1853. The Sum of $25,000, called the " Appleton Fund," was alfo received from the Truftees of Samuel Appleton, Efq. deceafed, thus making the whole Amount $128,000. Lib- erality like this is feldom witnefTed, and deferves honorable Mention. On the firft of January, 1858, the Property of the Athensum, confifting of Real Eftate, Stocks, Mortgages, Bonds, Books, Paintings and Statuary, at their adlual Coft,. (without in- cluding in the Eftimate any of the numerous and very valuable Gifts of Books and Works of Art), amounted to $496,703, according to the Treafurer's annual Statement. The Income for the Year 1857, was $13,407, Of this Amount $5,75 5 was ex- pended for Books and Binding. The Number of Volumes added to the Library was 2,000. The Inflitution firft occupied Rooms in Con- grefs Street, whence it was removed to' ScoUay's Buildings, in Court Street, and in 18 10 to the Building on Common (now Tremont) Street, North of King's Chapel Burial Ground, In the Year 1822, it was removed to the Houfe in Pearl Street, [ i64 ] prefented, as already ftated, by James Perkins. In 1823 the King's Chapel Library and the Theolo- gical Library, containing together 13,000 Volumes of theological Works, were depofited in the Athe- nsum, where they ftill remain. In 1826 a Union was effefted with the Bofton Medical Library, and its Books, valued at $4,500, were added to thofe of the Athen^um. In the fame Year, alfo, an Affociation which had been formed for the Pur- pofe of a fcientifick Library became merged in the Athenasum, and its Funds, exceeding $3,000, were tranfferred to the Athensum to be expended in the Purchafe of fcientifick Books, In July, 1 849, the Library was removed to its new Home in Beacon Street, juft above the Tremont Houfe. The Location is central, yet free from the Noife and Duft of crowded Thoroughfares, The Corner Stone of this beautiful Building was laid April 27, 1 847, when an Addrefs appropi'iate to the Occafion was delivered by the Hon. Jofiah Quincy. The Edifice which flands back from the Street ten Feet, is fpacious and convenient. The Front is 1 14 Feet long, and 60 Feet high, built in the Palladian or later Style of Italian Achitedure, of the Paterfon free Stone, The other Walls are of Brick. The Foundations are laid in the moft fubftantial Manner, fupporting the firfl Floor on groined Arches of Brick, The interior Arrange- ments of the Bafement are moft complete, both for warming and ventilating every Room in the Edifice, and for packing Purpofes, Book-bindery, Accom- [ i65 ] modatlons for the Janitor, &c. The main Entrance opens into a pillared and panelled inner Veftibule or Rotundo, 32 Feet by 28, from which the Staircafes condudt above. On the firft Floor are two large reading Rooms, a bulinefs Apartment, and a fculp- ture Gallery, 80 Feet by 40. A Row of iron Columns in this and the Story above, renders addi- tional Support to the different Floors, The fecond Story contains the Library-rooms, two in Front, with a fpacious Hall in the Rear, 109 Feet by 40, extending the entire Length of the Building. The latter is finifhed in the Italian Style, with great Tafle, the Ceiling being decorated. An iron Gallery which is reached by five fpiral Staircafes, borders the Hall, which is divided by an Archway into two Copartments. Within the weftern Divifion are arranged the Encyclopsdias,Tranfad:ions of Learned Societies, Magazines, and other continuous Works, in Cafes lining the Walls ; while in the other Co- partment are arranged the mifcellaneous Books in 26 Alcoves, between the Pillars. For Convenience and Beauty, this Library- room may well ferve as a Model for all fimilar Inftitutions. One of the front Rooms is for the Ufe of the Librarian ; the other is defignedfor the Difplay of mifcellaneous Colledlions, and is furnifhed with Galleries fimilar to thofe in the Hall. Thefe Rooms together can be made to accommodate 80,000 Volumes. The Pidture Gal- lery occupies the upper Story, which is divided into four Apartments, all lighted from above. The Roof affords a magnificent View of the City and furround- [ i66 ] ing Country, The whole Building is conftrufted in the moft fubftantial and workmanlike Manner, and refledls great Credit upon the Architedl, Mr. Edward C. Cabot. The Land coft $55,000, and the Building $136,000, making a Total of $191,000 Befides 70,000 bound Volumes, including nearly 2,000 Volumes of Pamphlets, the Library poffefTes 20,000 or more unbound Pamphlets, about 500 Volumes of Engravings, and the moft valuable Collecftion of Coins in this Part of the Country. For an American Library it is rich in certain De- partments, as for Example, in the Reports and Tranfadtions of Learned Societies, in periodical Publications in the Englifh Language, Works in the Natural Sciences, 6cc. It has complete Sets of the Tranfadtions of the Royal Society of London, the French Inftitute, the Royal Societies of Berlin, Copenhagen, Gottingen, Liibon, Madrid, Stock- holm, St. Peterfburg, Turin, &c. It has alfo the Encyclopedie Raifonne, 35 Vols, folio; the Ency- clopedie Methodique, 258 Vols. 4°., including 37 of Plates ; Buffon's Natural Hiftory, by Sonnini, 127 Volumes. 8°. Its CoUedtion of American Newfpapers is extenfive and valuable. Among other interefting Relicks which are worthy of continued Remembrance, is a Colledlion of about 450 Volumes, bound, and between 800 and 1000 Pamphlets, which formerly belonged to Wafhington. About 350 of thefe contain his Autograph, and a few of them Notes in his Hand- [ i67 J writing. One little Book has the Autograph of Washington in a rude, School-boy Hand, at about the Age of 9 Years. There are feveral Autographs of Auguftine Wafhington, the Father of the Gene- ral ; of Mary, the Mother, and of Martha, the Wife. One Book contains on the title Page the Autograph of John Cuftis(firft Hufband of Martha), and on the next Leaf that of George Wafhington. One Volume has the Autograph of Thomas Jeffer- fon, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence. There are feveral prefentation Copies from eminent Authors : Sir John Sinclair, Arthur Young, Eber- ling, Alfieri, Jefferfon, Di*. Morfe, and others. Ten Volumes contain the Name of Richard Henry Lee, in his own Handwriting. Thefe precious Memo- rials of the World's beft Hero, were purchafed by a few Gentlemen of Bofton, and prefented by them to the Athenaeum. The Reading-room is furnifhed with the beft Literary and Scientifick Journals of Europe and America. The Sculpture Gallery contains Cafts of the moft celebrated ancient Statues, feledled for this Inftitu- tion by Canova, at the Requeft of the Donor, Mr. Auguftus Thorndike. Among the Works in Mar- ble, by American Artifts, the Statue of Orpheus, by Crawford, and the Backwoodfman, by Dexter, de- ferve efpecial Notice. In the Gallery of Pidtures, there are fome excel- lent early Copies of Works of the great Mafters ; Weft's great Pidure of Lear ; TrurnbuH's Sortie de [ i68 ] Gibralter ; and Stewart's original Portrait of Wafh- ington, and of Mrs. Wafhington, Here are alfo the celebrated and unfinifhed Pidiure, by Allfton, Belihazzar's Feaft, feveral of his finifhed Works, and many of his unrivalled Sketches. The following are fome of the Regulations of the Inftitution : The Proprietors meet annually on the iirft Mon- day of January. The Officers are chofen annually, conlifting of a President, Vice Prefident, Treafurer, Secretary, and nine Truflees. The Truflees ap- point a Librarian and Sub-Librarian. The Price of a Share is $300. Each Proprietor has, befides his own Share, two Rights of Admiffion tranfferable. Thus, the By-laws open the Doors of the Inftitution to a large Number of Perfons ; fo that the Proprietor who beftows on others the free Ufe of all the Rights he can impart, renders himfelf thereby a publick Benefaftor. A Life Subfcription is $100. Annual Subfcribers pay ^10 for the Ufe of the Library and Reading-room, but are not allowed to take out Books. Certain Perfons, by Virtue of their Office, viz : the Governor and Council, Lieutenant Governor, Members of the State Legiflature for the Time being, &c. are en- titled to free Admiffion to the Athensum. A Catalogue of the Library, fimilar in Plan to that of the Mercantile Library of Bofton, with ffiort Titles and Contents, is in Preparation, and will be publifhed during the coming Year. Wm. Fred Poole, A. M., Librarian, [ i69 ] . H\\| » < -_^.^w*wi LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 50,000 Vols. OF the early Hiftory of the firft Library, but few Fads can be obtained, although but little more than half a Century has elapfed fince its Formation. Congrefs in the Year 1 800 removed from Philadelphia to Wafhington, when an Ad: eftablifhing a Library was paffed, April 24th. It was mainly through the Efforts of the Hon. Albert Gallatin, and Dr. Mitchell, that the firft CoUedion, conftfting of about 3,000 Volumes, was made. This, which at the Time was regarded as valuable, and which, in the early Days of the City was much reforted to, was deftroyed by the BritiHi Army on the 24th of Auguft, 1 8 14. X [ 17° ] The total Lofs of the Library induced Ex- Prefident JefFerfon to offer to Congrefs his Col- le<5tion, confifting of about 10,000 Volumes, which was Purchafed for about $25,000, in accordance with a Bill that finally paffed the Houle by a Vote of 81 to 71, January 26, 18 15. Refpedting the Oppofition to the Purchafe, the Editor of Niles's Weekly Regifter very properly remarks : " It is ftrange that the Rancor of Party fhould penetrate even in the Temple of Science, and that an Oppo- fition was made to the Purchafe of a Colled:ion that any Monarch in Europe would be proud to own. For fuch a Library the Britifh Parliament would have given £50,000. We are not in- formed what this Library cofl, but venture to fay that the Amount appropriated will not pay the Expenfe of it, by a large Sum, independent of the Value of the Time and Talent employed in the Colle^^ion." {See Nileis Regifter, Vol. 7, Page 285.) It included what was chiefly valuable in Science and Literature generally, extending more particu- larly to American Hiflory and Statefmanfhip. In the diplomatick and parliamentary Branches it was efpecially full. The Letter tendering it to Congrefs, and defcribing its Condition and Extent, may be found in the 6th Volume of the recent Edition of Jefferfon's Works, Page 383. In January, 18 17, the annual Sum of $1,500 was appropriated by Congrefs for the Library. This Sum was afterwards increafed to $3,000, and again to $6,000, Of this Sum $5,000 is for the Pur- [ 171 ] chafe of mifcellaneous Books, and $i,ooo for Law Books. On the Morning of the 24th of December, 1H51, the Library was a fecond Time deftroyed by Fire. It then contained about 55,000 Volumes, of which 35,000 were confumed. The Law Library, con- taining 8,000 Volumes, and the Books in the ante Rooms, were all that were faved. The Lofs was eftimated at $150,000, to fupply which Congrefs made large Appropriations from Time to Time. The Rooms were immediately repaired, and newly fitted throughout, in an elegant and fubftantial Manner, under the Direction of Dr. Walter, the Architeft of the Capitol. The principal Room appropriated to the Library is a large Hall in the Capitol, on the weft Side fronting the Mall. Its Dimenfions are as follows, viz : 92 Feet long, 34 Feet wide, and 40 Feet high. The new Hall was reopened to the Publick in September, 1853. The Wafhington Union de- fcribes it in the following Language : " The whole Work, to the moft minute Part, is Iron ; and yet fo fplendidly is it painted and gilded, fo elaborate and finifhed are the Ornaments, that you can fcarcely credit the Fadl. The Ceiling, compofed of immenfe iron Plates, looking like maffive Blocks of brown marble Panel-work, is moft artiftically conftrudled, fo as to combine Strength and Beauty in the moft perfed: Harmony. It is the only entire Ceiling on the Earth. Run- ning chrough the Centre is the Skylight, which is [ 172 J elegantly ornamented with a Clufler of Stars, num- bering Ibme hundreds — perhaps as many as we may yet number States in our Confederacy." " Next are the two long Galleries — all Iron — the Pillars, the Lattice-work, the Baluftrades, the Trufles, the Scrolls, the Floors, the Shelves, the Alcoves, and the Steps by which you afcend. No- thing of the Kind can be more perfe6tly beautiful than the large ornamented Scrolls which appear to fupport the Sides of the Ceiling. They reprefent elaborate Carving, with golden Ears of Corn and golden Clufters of Grapes, interfperfed among their Niches." The Alcoves are 9 and 8 Feet high, fo that the Books can be reached with Facility, without Ladder or Steps. On the weft Side of the Hall are five Windows, one of which leads out upon the Colonnade, from which is a fine View of the prin- cipal Parts of the City, including the Smithfonian Inftitution, the Walhington Monument, the Prefi- dent's Houfe, Patent Office, Pofl Office, &c. In addition to the large Hall, three fmaller Rooms are appropriated to the Library ; one containing large Works of Engravings, one ufed as a Committee- room, and a third as an Office for the Librarian. _ The Law Library is feparate from the General Library, occupying a Room direftly oppofite to that of the Supreme Court of the United States. It contains about 1 2,000 Volumes, many of them Works of great Value. Thefe added to the 50,000 Volumes contained in the General Library, make a [ 173 ] Total of 62,000. The Additions of the pad Year to both Libraries amount to about 3,000 Volumes. No complete Catalogue has been publiihed fince the Fire in 1851. The Library is open every Day during the Sef- fions of Congrefs, and a Part of the Time during Recefs. Members of Congrefs, Heads of Depart- ments, Judges of the Supreme Court, Foreign Minifters, &c. Sec. are allowed to take out Books. The Librarian is appointed by the Prefident. The prefent Licumbent, who was appointed by Prefi- dent Jackfon in 1829, is John S. Meehan. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE. [ 174 j STATE LIBRARY, AT ALBANY. 52,000 Vols. THE New York State Library was founded by an Aft of the Legiflature, paffed on the 2 1 ft Day of April, 1818. The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Chancellor and Chief Juftice of the Supreme Court for the Time being, were conftituted a Board of Truftees who were directed to caufe to be fitted up fome proper Room in the Capitol for the " Purpofe of keeping therein a pub- lick Library for the Ufe of the Government and People of the State." The Sum of three thoufand Dollars, and alfo the further annual Sum of five hundred Dollars was appropriated to carry out the Purpofes of the A6t. By a fubfequent Enaftment in 1824, the Secretary of State, Attorney General, and Comptroller were added to the above confti- tuted Board of Truftees. On the Organization of the Board the late Chancellor Kent was chofen Treafurer, and John Cook appointed State Librarian at a Salary of $350. The firft Report of the Truftees, figned by De Witt Clinton, John Tayler and James Kent, was fubmitted on the 22d of June, 1819, in which it was ftated that a Beginning had been made in form- ing a Library, and that for the Sum of $2,61 7*20, fix hundred Volumes and nine Maps had been purchafed ; a Lift of the fame was fubmitted. In 1820, the firft Catalogue was printed, forming a [ ^1S ] fmall duodecimo Pamphlet of twenty-eight Pages, and containing the Titles of feven hundred and fifty- eight Volumes, three Atlafes, eleven Maps, and one Print. The Appropriation of $500 for the Enlargement of the Library was increafed in 1 825 to $1,000, and in Addition the Sum of $300 was appropriated from the Income of a Fund appertaining to the Court of Chancery. Alfo by an Enadlment of that Year the Truftees were required to make a Report and com- plete Catalogue annually of all Books, &c. belonging to the Library. The firft annual Report, which was made during the next Winter, concludes with this Paragraph : " This Inftitution, under the foftering Care of the Legiflature, promifes to realize the ExpecStation of its Founders, and to extend its Ufe- fulnefs throughout the State." Occafional Alterations and Enlargements for the Convenience of the Library were made from Time to Time, and occafionally extra Grants for fuch Purpofes. The Truftees at an early Date had mainly in View the CoUedion of an extenfive Library of Law Books, and large Proportions of the Appropriations were expended in this Dire6lion. Frequent Mention was made by the Truftees in the annual Reports, of their Inability to maintain a Library of a mifcellaneous or general Charader, and continue at the fame Time the cur- rent Publications and new Treatifes on Law, with the Amount of Means placed at their Difpofal. For nearly thirty Years the Inftitution continued [ 176 J fteadily to Increafe. Its Importance was conceded, and it became apparent that its Supervifion required more Time and Attention than could conveniently be beftowed by a Body of Men who were con- ftantly opprelTed with a Multitude of other official Duties. It appeared evident that the Interefts of the Library required that a more permanent Board of Truftees fhould be conftituted, and Officers and Committees appointed who fhould be, fpecially charged with its Management and Care. Senfible of the Importance of fuch an Organiza- tion, the Legiilature on the 4th of May, 1 844, enadled that the Regents of the Univerlity of the State of New York fhould be the Truftees of the State Library. The Regents at once affumed the important Truft, and their firft Meeting as Truftees was held on the i6th Day of the fame Month. They immediately diredled an Inventory to be taken of all the Books, Maps, &c. belonging to the Library, and as a Refult it was afcertained that three hundred and eleven Volumes were miffing ; a Part of which, on advertiiing in the State Paper, were returned. A Committee of the Board, conftfting of feven Members, was alfo conftituted and charged fpecially with the Care of the Library. Important Alterations were made in the Rooms, deficient Sets of Books were promptly completed, and Cor- refpondence opened with the Secretaries of the feveral States requefting them to complete, as far as poffible the Colleftions of Laws, Journals and Documents then in the Library. It was decided [ ^n \ alfo to procure and continue all Englifh Reports in their original Editions. Under fuitable Efforts, conduced mainly by the late Dr. T. Romeyn Beck, this Divilion foon attained a decided Reputation as a valuable reference Library. A very valuable Addi- tion of about 1,200 Volumes, conlifting moftly of elementary Treatifes on Law was made under a Law paffed in 1 849, which directed that any Volumes in a publick Library, known as the " Chancellor's Library,"* which were not already in the State Library, {hould be feleiled and placed in faid State Library. Second to an unequalled Law Library, the Truf- tees early declared that they efteemed it a paramount Object to accumulate, as far as was in their Power, every Work of Intereft or Value relating to the United States. In furtherance of this Defign, in 1842-3, feveral Individuals, among whom none more than Mr. Ifaiah Townfend, interefted them- felves with the Truftees, in procuring for the State a moft valuable CoUedtion of Books, made in Paris by Mr. David Baillie Warden, himlelf an accom- plifhed Scholar and enthufiaftick Collector. He was an American Citizen, and had been for many Years an adlive Member of the Geographical Society of Paris. The Library which it was propofed to pur- chafe of him, was compofed of moft valuable Works relating to the early Hiftory of America, and was already the fecond of this Character which Mr, Warden had made, the firft having been *The Court of Chancery was aboliflied by the Conftitution in 1 846. Y [ 178 ] purchafed fome 20 Years previous by Mr. Elliot of Bofton, and prefented to Harvard College. The printed Catalogue of this CoUeftion, and a fupplemental one in Manufcript, contained the Titles of 2,185 Volumes, 96 of which were in folio, 504 in quarto, 1,248 in o6tavo, 336 in duo- decimo, befides 1 2 Atlafes, 1 2 1 Maps, &c. 9 Medals, and 2 Prints. Letters from Hon. Jared Sparks, George Bancroft, Augufte Devezac, Henry Ledyard, Dr. DeKay and others, ftrongly commending the Purchafe, were fubmitted to the Legiflature, and that Body, in 1845, made a grant of $4,000 for this Objedl, During the next Year the Regents, in compli- ance with a Requirement of Law, iffued a new and complete Catalogue, the firft under their Auipices. The late George Wood, the Afliftant in Charge of the mifcellaneous Department, laboured even to a Sacrifice of Mind and Health, in preparing this Volume, which, confidering the fmall Amount of bibliographical Affiftance at his Command, evinces much Intelligence and accurate Knowledge of Books. The annual Appropriation for the Purchafe of Books was increafed in 1848 to $2,800, and again in 1857, to $4,000. In making the laft named Increafe the Legiflature had in View the Purchafe of important Works for the Library in the Depart- ment of Bibliography. It was well known that Mr. Joel Munfell of Albany, had for many Years been engaged in col- L 179 .1 ledling Works of this Speciality, including valuable Treatifes on Printing and Engraving. The Mag- nitude of the State Library now feemed to demand that more enlarged Facilities lliould be afforded to thofe connedted with it in Inveftigations in thefe Departments. The Subjeft of the Purchafe of Mr. Munfell's ColIed:ion was fubmitted to the joint Library Committee of the Legiflature, who were unanimous in their Judgment of the Importance and Value of the Suggeftion, and they recommended that with this Obje£t in View the Appropriation ihould be increafed to the Sum of $4,000, for at leaft two Years. The Purchafe was accordingly made in the Summer of 1 857. As we have avoided noticing any of the fpecially valuable Works in the Library, it w^ill not be neceffary here to make Men- tion of any of the Varieties included in this Purchafe. A Catalogue of the entire Department is now in Courfe of Publication. Although the Growth of the New York State Library, by Means of annual Appropriations from the publick Treafury, has been fleady, ftill it has had Facilities afforded it which are fcarcely enjoyed by any other limilar Inftitution. The valuable Publications* of the State, on its civil and natural *On the Part of the State, the following Works have been available for Exchanges : Natural Hiftory of New York j Documents relating to the Colonial Hiftory of New York ; Documentary Hiftory of New York ; Meteorology of New York, from 1 825-1 830; Tranfaftions of the State Agricultural Society; Tranfaftions of the American Inftitute; Tranfaftions of the State Medical Society; Tranfaftions of the American Ethnological Society ; Stryker's American Regifter ; Laws, Journals and Documents of the Legiflature ; Catalogues of the State Library and State Cabinet. [ ^8o I Hiftory bring Returns which enrich to an uncom- mon Extent this Depofitory of the State's literary Treafures. The Correfpondence and Exchange, conduced with foreign fcientifick and hterary In- ftitutions, is fecond only in Extent to that of the Smithfonian Inftitution. The Exchanges, which have already placed feveral thoufand Volumes on the Shelves of the Library, and for the Maintenance of which the State makes a fmall annual Grant, has been conduced mainly through the Agency of M. Vattemare at Paris, and the Courtefy of foreign and American Confuls, Gentlemen who have uniformly been found delirous and ready to identify them- felves with Movements of this Character.* The Library as at prefent conftituted, is divided into two Departments, viz : the General Library, and the Law Library, the latter of which is nearly or quite the moft Complete of its Kind in America, embracing, befides the domeftick and foreign Re- ports and elementary Treatifes, a more extenfive Colledtion of the Laws, Journals and Documents of the feveral States of the Union than can be found elfewhere, while the former is particularly rich in American hiftorical Works and in the Publications of the diiferent European Governments. *A recent valuable Refult of this Syftem, was an Exchange with the Government of the Netherlands of the Journals and Refolutions of the States General of Holland and Weft Vriefland from 1524 to 1797 ; and fecret Refolutions of the fame from 1651 to 1795 5 ^"^^o ^ general Index; in all 260 folio Volumes. Very few Copies of this great CoUeftion are now in Exiftence ; it is not to be found even in the Imperial Library at Paris, the largeft and richeft in the World. To complete this Series, the Govern- ment was obliged to add Manufcript Volumes. [ i8i ] It is required by Law that a Catalogue of the State Library be publiflhed every five Years. The Truftees prefent an annual Report to the Legillature containing the Lift of Books added to the Library fince the previous Report. The Catalogue for 1855 was publifhed in 1856-7, in three oftavo Volumes. Volume L is a Catalogue of the General Library, and contains the Titles 0^30,01 1 Volumes. They are arranged in alphabetical Order, accord- ing to the Names of Authors, the Whole, includ- ing a copious Index of Subjefts, occupying 997 Pages. Volume II. is a Catalogue of the Law Library, occupying 412 Pages. Volume III. is a Catalogue of Maps, Atlafes, Manufcripts, En- gravings, Paintings, Bufts, Medals, Coins, Seals, &c. including a Lift of Donations made during the Year 1856, the Whole occupying 286 Pages. The Number of Volumes in the Library at the Time of the Publication of the Catalogue in 1850, was 23,274. Since then the Number has more than doubled, the average Increafe having been 4,000 Volumes per annum.* In 1853 the Legiflature authorized the Purchafe of the Corref- pondence and other Papers of George Clinton, the firft Governor of the State. Thefe Manufcripts has been fubftantially bound in twenty-three folio Volumes, and placed in the Library, forming an interefting Addition to its Treafures. The cele- brated Andre Papers, conftituting a Part of this *Tlie Number added in 1857 was 5,539. [ i82 J Colleftion, have, for their better Prefervation and more ready Examination, been framed and covered with Glafs. The Papers of Sir William Johnfon, extending from 1738 to 1774, have alfo been ap- propriately arranged and bound in twenty-two folio Volumes. Thefe Colleftions contain much valua- ble Information in Reference to the early Hiftory of the State, and various Matters conneded with the Revolutionary War. In 1854, the Library was removed to the fub- ftantial and appropriate Building, weft of the Capitol, conftrud:ed by the Dired:ion of the Legif- lature of 1 85 1 . It is a fire- proof Structure, capable of accommodating 100,000 Volumes, and is finifhed throughout in the Perfed:ion of modern Style. The front and rear Walls are faced with brown Free-ftone, and reprefent a continuous Pedeftal, which extends above the firft Story, fupporting a Row of engaged Corinthian Columns, and Niches with Pedeftals. On the fouth Entablature are the Words State Library. The Dimenfions of the Building are 1 14 Feet by 45, befides a Connedlion to the Capitol by a Corridor of 16 Feet. The main Floor is conftrudled over heavy brick Arches, fupported by ftone Columns. The Lintels of the fecond Floor and Galleries, and alfo the arched Spans are of Iron, filled in and covered with broken Brick and Cement ; the Roof, Rafters, TrufTes, Window-frames and Shutters, are likewife of Iron. The main Entrance is on State Street, the Rear [ i83 ] opening on the Capitol Park. The Afcent from the Street is by three Steps to the Veftibule, which is inclofed with ornamental ground Glafs. This opens diredlly into the Law Department. The Interior of both Stories is divided into Alcoves, and on the fifteen marble Pilafters of the lower Room are Brackets for Bufts. Each Alcove is furnifhed with a Table and Chairs of Oak. Stairs conftrudied at either End of the Building, in Extenfions, conduft to the fecond Story, which has been appropriated to the general Department. This Room is lighted by fix Sky-lights befides fide Windows. A Row of Corinthian Pillars on either Side, which conceal iron Columns, fupports a Gallery, which is mounted by Stairs at the north End. The Galleries contain Newfpapers, Maps, Coins, Pidlures, &c. Four Furnaces and one hundred and feventy Gas-burners are required to heat and light the Building. The entire Flooring is an ornamental encaufl:ick Tile. Of Shelfroom the total Number of Feet is 7,8 1 2, of which 6,235 Feet are to accommodate Books of the oftavo Size, and 1577 for the folios and quartos. The A6t of the Legiflature authorizing this Structure, direfted the Commifiioners to eredl it on the Ground owned by the State in the Rear of the Capitol, but allowed them, if they fhould deem it necefi"ary, to purchafe additional Land adjoining. The Sum of $50,000 was appropriated. Before the next Seflion, the valuable Library of Congrefs was deftroyed by Fire, and it having been pretty clearly demonftrated that mofl: of the CoUedlion [ i84 1 might have been faved, but for the Fa6l that Wood had been ufed in the Conftrudlion of the Shelves, the Legiflature of New York promptly direfted that the Alcoves and Shelves of the new Building fhould be Iron, and appropriated for that Purpofe an additional Sum of $22,000. Further Grants were made in 1852-3-4, amounting to $19,000, making a grand Total of $91,000, of which Sum $11,640 was paid for Land, and about $8,000 for Fixtures, Fences, Walks ; leaving chargeable to the Eredlion and Finishing of the Library Building, about $72,000. The Library is open to the Publick daily, from the Hour of 9 in the Morning till 5 in the After- noon ; and during the Seffions of the Legiflature, till 8 in the Evening, except on Saturdays, when it is clofed at 5. Any Citizen may read and confult the Books, upon the Premifes, at Pleafure ; and the Heads of the feveral Departments, Truftees of the Library, Judges of the Court of Appeals, Juftices of the Supreme Court, and Members of the Legif- lature are allowed to draw out Volumes. Alfred B. Street, Librarian. [ i«5 ] i'-j:! »'-■'-- jt^'i T\tft£fiilS^« ac «A^- ASTOR LIBRARY. 100,000 Vols. THIS noble Inftitution owes its Existence to the Liberality of John Jacob Aftor, a wealthy Merchant of New York, who in a Codicil to his Will, dated Augufb 22, 1839, be- queathed $400,000 for its Eftablifhment. The following is an Extrad: from the Will: Z [ i86 ] " Defiring to render a public benefit to the city of New York, and to contribute to the advancement of ujeful knowledge and the general good of fociety, I do, by this codicil, appropriate $400,000, out of my re/iduary ejtate, to the ejlablljhment of a Public Library in the city of New York ; the jaid amount to be dijpojed of as follows : " I. In the ereSing of a juitable building for a public library. " 2. In furnijhing and Jupplying the jame, from time to time, with books, maps, charts, models, drawings, paintings, engravings, cajls, jlatues, furniture, and other things appertaining to a library for general uje, upon the mojl ample jcale and liberal charafler. "3. In maintaining and upholding the buildings and other property, and in defraying the necejjary expenjes of taking care of the property, and of the accommodation of perjbns conjulting the library. " The jaid fum Jhall be payable one-third in the year after my deceaje, one-third in the year following ; and the rejidue in equ?! jums, in the fourth and fifth years after my deceaje. " The Jaid library is to be accejjible, at all reajbnable hours and times, for general uje, free of expenje to perjbns rejbrting thereto, Jubjefi only to Juch control and regulations as the trujiees may from time to time exercije and ejlablijh for general conven- ience." By a Provifion of the Will, the Government of the Library was vefted in eleven Truftees, in whofe Keeping were placed all the Property and Eifeds of the Inftitution ; in them exifled all Power to invert and expend the Funds, and to manage the Affairs of the Library. The firft Truftees were named by the Teftator, and confifted of the follow- ing Gentlemen: Wafhington Irving, William B. Aftor, Daniel Lord, jr., James G. King, Jofeph g'. Cogfwell, Fitz-Greene Halleck, Henry Brevoort, Jr., Samuel B. Ruggles, and Samuel Ward, Jr • alfo, the Mayor of the City of New York, and the Chancellor of the State, in refped to their Offices. [ i87 J By a fubfequent Codicil, Charles Aftor Brifted, his Grandfon, was alfo appointed a Truftee. A Pro- vifion of the Will alfo defignated, as the Land whereon to eredt a fuitable Building for the Pur- pofes of the Library, a Lot fituated upon the eaft Side of La Fayette Place, meafuring 65 Feet in Front by 1 20 deep. In the further Provifions of the Will, the Sum of $75,000 was appropriated to be ex- pended, in the Eredion of the Building, and $120,000 to the Purchafe of Books and other Objedts, in the Eftablifhment of the Library, and the Relidue, after paying for the Site, to be invefled as a Fund for the Maintenance and gradual Increafe of the Library. As early as the Year 1839, Mr. Aftor had purchafed a Number of Volumes, aided by Dr. Jofeph G. Cogfwell, with the ultimate In- tention exprelTed in his Will, In May, 1 848, the Truftees of the Library met for the firft Time, and in accordance with the known Delire of Mr. Aftor, appointed Mr. Cogfwell Superintendent, a Pofition which he ftill occupies. In the Autumn of the fame Year, Dr. Cogfwell failed for Europe, author- ized to purchafe Books to the Amount of $20,000. During an Abfence of four Months, he colledled 20,000 Volumes, which were temporarily placed in a Building rented for the Purpofe. A fecond and third Vifit by the Superintendent, increafed the Number of Volumes to 70,000, with which the prefent Building was opened, Jan. 9, 1854. The Aftor Library is placed in a central and eafily acceflible Situation. La Fayette Place, on the eaft [ i88 j Side of which it is built, communicates with the two great Thoroughfares of the City — Broadway and the Bowery — by Great Jones Street at the South, Aftor Place and Eighth Street at the North, and by Fourth Street near the Centre. A more appropriate Site could not be found in New York. The Street has a refined, claffick Air, and is in a good Degree exempt from the Throng and Noife and Buftle of bufinefs Streets. The Edifice is built in the Byzantine Style of Architecture, richly orna- mented with brown ftone Mouldings, and an im- pofing Entablature. Its Dimenfions are in accord- ance with the Directions of the Will, its Height being about 70 feet. The Architect was Alexander Saltzer, from Berlin, whofe Plan was adopted by the Truftees on the loth of December, 1849. The bafement Story is faced with high ruftick Afhler, projecting fix Inches, thus imparting an ex- tremely bold Relief. The Window-frames are placed near the Infide of the Wall, forming deep Receffes, in order to fecure the fame EffeCt. Thefe confift primarily of fix, occupying the central Por- tion, and admitting Light to the Library Hall, placed three above and three below a given Point ; the upper connected with the lower by Columns fupported by Figures reprefenting the Genii of Literature. The remaining Windows are two in Number, one on each Side of the Entrance. The firfi; Floor is ufed for the Depofit of publick Docu- ments, for the Meetings of the Truftees, &c. It was originally intended for reading and leCture [ i89 J Rooms. The Bafement contains the Keeper's Rooms, Cellars, coal Vaults, Furnaces for warm- ing, &c. The Floors are compofed of richly wrought mofaick Work, refting on iron Beams. A fingle Flight of thirty-eight Italian marble Steps, decorated on either Side of the Entrance by a flone Sphinx, leads nearly to the Centre of the Library Hall, which is i oo Feet in Length, by 64 in Width, and 50 in Height. This is furrounded by fourteen brick Piers, plaftered and finilhed in Imitation of Italian Marble, and fupporting iron Galleries mid- way between the Floor and the Ceiling. By four iron fpiral Stairways from the Corners of the Room the main Gallery is reached, and the intermediate Gallery of a lighter Defcription is connefted with the main Gallery by eight Staircafes. The whole are very ingeniouily arranged, and appropriately ornamented in a Style correfponding with the gene- ral Architedlure of the Building. At an Elevation of 51 Feet above is the principal Sky-light, 54 Feet long by 14 broad, and formed of thick Glafs fet in Iron. Befides this, are circular fide Sky-lights of fmaller Dimenfions. Thefe in Connexion with the fide and rear Windows, furnifh all needful Light. Iron Fret-work in different Farts of the Ceiling, fecure a full Ventilation. In the extreme Rear are two Rooms for the Superintendent, which are acceflible by Means of the main Galleries. The internal Arrangement is a very convenient one, and very economical of Space. A Series of feven Alcoves or Apartments, open in Front and Rear, [ I90 ] fills up the Space on each Side, from the fide Walls to the Columns which fiipport the Roof, leaving Corridors two and a half Feet in Width along the Walls, by which a Communication is efhablifhed between the different Parts of the Library. On this Plan, the Capacity of the Room for Books is more than doubled, that is, for every fifty-one wall Shelves, there are feventy-two in the Alcoves. On no other could it be made to contain one hun- dred thoufand Volumes, its prefent Number. The Syfi:em of Claflification adopted in the Aftor Library, is that of Brunet, whofe great Work on Bibliography, entitled Manuel du Libraire, is better, more complete, and more generally known than any fimilar Publication. The following Account of the Character and Clafiification of the Library, is compiled from Dr. Cogfwell's admirable Letter publiflied in the Home Journal, Jan. 7, 1854. The Arrangement begins with Theology. This Department includes the beft Editions of the He- brew and Greek Scriptures, the Walton Polyglott, various Editions of the Yulgate, and numerous Verfions of the whole Bible, and of Parts of it, in the principal Languages of Europe and the Eaft. The Colledion of the Fathers is full, but not abfo- lutely complete, and contains moft of the Benedid:- ine Editions, the Bibliotheca Maxima of Defpont, the Patres Apoft:olici of Cotelerius, and many others of this Clafs of lefs Note. It is equally well pro- vided^ with Works on the Councils, including Colet's Edition of Labbe, in 29 Volumes, the Con- [ 191 J cilia Maxima, in 37 Volumes folio, Beveridge's Synodicon, Lorenzana, Concilianos Provinciales, etc. It is alfo refpedtable in Icholaftick, dogmatick, parenetick, and polemick Theology, including the early and more recent Englifh Divines, in the beft Editions. Jurifprudence forms the fecond Department. In this the Objedt has been to provide thofe Works which are rarely found in this Country, rather than to form a complete Lavs^ Library. The Collection is good on the civil Law, embracing various Editions of the Corpus Juris, and Commentaries upon it ; it contains, alfo, all the Codes of Scandinavia, and of other Parts of Europe, during the Middle Ages, the Syftems of Jurifprudence as now pradlifed in Italy, Portugal, Germany, Denmark and Sweden, the Fuerofs fiete Partidas and Recopilaciones of Spain, together with the Digefts and Commenta- ries on the Muffulman, Hindoo, Gentoo, and Chinefe Laws. In French Law, the Library is really rich, beginning with the Ordonances des Rois, and coming down to the very lateft Volume of the Journal du Palais. The Sele6tion for the Englifh common Law was made by two of the moft eminent Jurifts in the Country ; it is not large, but very choice. For American Law an entire Alcove is referved. The next Department is that of Sciences and Arts, in which of courfe Medical Science is included. The Number of Volumes here is comparatively fmall, this Department being well provided for in [ 192 ] the Hofpital and other Medical Libraries of the City. The Natural Sciences form another Divifion of this Department, and this is one of the richeft and beft furnifhed in the Library. It is neceffarily very coftly, as NaturaUfls will readily underftand, when they know it contains fuch Works as the Genera et Species Palmarum of Martius, in a coloured copy ; Plants Afiatics Rariores of Wallich, Roxburgh's Plants of the Coaft of Coromandel ; a complete Set of Gould's Birds of Europe, Auftralia, Himelaya, Toucans, and Trogons ; Illuftrations Conchyliolo- giques par Chenu ; Audubon's Birds of America ; Sibthorp's Florae Grascas; Lambert's Genus Pinus, and many other Volumes of the fame Character, comprifing in all about 7,000. The third Divifion of Sciences and Arts is that of Chemiftry and Phyfics, to which, from the in- timate Relation it bears to them, may be added that of the ufeful Arts or Polytechnics. The Tranfac- tions of Societies for the Promotion of Science and Arts may alfo be aiTigned to it. Thefe Colledtions contain Memoirs and Papers of great Importance to practical Men, as well as to Men of Science. The Library contains the Publications of the prin- cipal Societies in Great Britain, France, Belgium, Holland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Ruffia, Italy, Spain and Portugal, and alfo of the United States, amounting altogether to about 4,000 Volumes, principally quartos. Next in Order are the Mathematical Sciences, [ 193 ] of which the Aftor Library has a firft rate Collec- tion. It is rich not only in pure Mathematicks, but alfo in all the applied ; in Aftronomy, Mechanicks, Hydraulicks, Engineering, it is very full, and not deficient in military Tad:icks. It has drawn largely upon the Libraries of feveral celebrated Mathema- ticians for Books to form it, fuch as Halley's and Legendre's, which were greatly enriched by Mr. S. Ward, after they were bought by him ; alfo, Jacobi's and the two Heiligenftadts, of Berlin. To thefe have fince been added the moft important mathematical Works more recently publilhed in Europe and America. Befides full Colleftions of all the publifhed Works of Euler and of Gaufs, it has feveral unpublifhedManufcripts of thefe great Math- ematicians : all the mathematical Journals ; all the Works of Newton, Leibnitz, the Bernouillis, La Place, Delambre, La Croix, Legendre, Lagrange, Jacobi, Abel, etc. ; the aflronomical Obfervations generally, and a very large Number of mathematical Differtations and Papers, which are not eafily found. In the Fine Arts the Aftor Library has a fine Collediion of Works, among which are the follow- ing : A complete Set of Piranefi's Antiquities, proof Plates, twenty-eight in twenty-one Volumes ; Mu- fee Fran9ais et Royal, proof Plates before the Letter, 6 Volumes ; Raphael's Loggie of the Vati- can, engraved by Volpato, and exquifitely coloured by Hand, in the exadt Style of the Originals, 3 Volumes ; a complete Set of the Grecian Antiqui- ties, 1 3 Volumes ; Gruner's Frefco Decorations of Aa [ ^94 ] Italy, coloured by Hand in the fame Style as Ra- phael's Loggie, I Volume, and Lepfius's Denkmaler aus Aegypten, 6 Volumes. Thefe 50 Volumes, all large folios, fully bound in red Morocco, except fix, coft $2,975, or $59-50 per Volume. In Linguifticks, particularly Oriental, the Aftor Library is unfurpalfed by any in this Country. It has Grammars and Dictionaries of one hundred and four different Languages, and numerous Vocabula- ries of the rude unwritten ones. It has alfo Chrefto- mathies and other ufeiul facilities for fludying them. All the Families and Branches of the European Languages, and a greater Part of thofe of Afia and Africa, are reprefented in the CoUefbion. It con- tains the beft Works on the Egyptian Hieroglyph- icks, the cuneiform Infcriptions, and the other curious Records of the ancient Nations of the Eaft, which recent Difcoveries have brought to Light. It has alfo the beft of the Vocabularies of the different Dialedls of the Mexican and South American Indians, which were collected and publifhed by the early Spanifh miffionary Priefts. Books of this laft Clafs have become exceffively rare, and, confequently, dear. A perfedl Copy of Molina's Art de la Lengua Mexicana, cannot be had for lefs than fifty Dollars ; and Rincon's Grammar of the fame Language, a mean little duodecimo, bound, or rather done up in Hmp Vellum, which few would accept as a Gift, cofts much more than its Weight in Gold, In the Oriental Colledion are the following two Works, which, in this Country at leaft, are exceedingly [ 195 ] rare, viz : The Seven Seas ; a Didlionary and Gram- mar of the Perfian Language, in 7 Volumes, foho, by the late King of Oude, which was printed in his Palace; and the Sabda Kalpa Druma of the Rajah Radhakant Deb, a Sanfcrit Diftionary in 7 Volumes, folio. Neither of thefe Works was printed for Sale. The Hiftorical Department is the lafl: in the Order of Claffification. This Department is fuller perhaps than any other, with the Exception of Mathema- ticks. Languages and Bibliography. It conftitutes a fourth Part at lead of the whole Library. With a few Exceptions, it is arranged in the Series of Alcoves extending on the main Floor, from the foutheaft to the fouthweft Corner. Works on Chronology, Diplomaticks, Numifmaticks, Herald- ry, Infcriptions and Antiquities, are regarded as Introdudlions to the right Underftanding of Hiftory, and are placed in the firft Alcove, with general biographical Didlionaries and univerfal Hiftory. Biography does not form a Clafs by itfelf, but is placed either with the civil or literary Hiftory to which it belongs. Geography, for the more con- venient Ufe of Maps and Charts, is placed on the fecond Floor; and Voyages and Travels, as moft intimately connected with the Difcoveryand Hiftory of America, are placed in immediate Proximity to it, inftead of preceding the hiftorical CoUecftion, as they ufually do. Ecclefiaftical Hiftory is appended to Theology. The remaining hiftorical Divifions, it may be ftated generally, are in the ufual Way. [ 196 J Sometimes it has been found neceffary to bring the Hiftory of more than one Country into the fame Alcove, in which Cafes regard has been had to the Connexion exifting between them in the Pafl. Thus Spaniih, Portuguefe and Italian Hiftory are together ; French occupies a whole Alcove ; Ger- man, Dutch and Belgian are together in an Alcove, and with them Scandinavian and Ruffian ; Engliih, Scotch and Irifh Hiftory fills another Alcove; Afiatick and African Hiftory, for Want of Room below, is placed on the fecond Floor, in an Alcove with Oriental Literature. To the American Hiftorical Department a larger Space in the Library has been affigned than to any other, becaufe it is intended to make this the moft complete. The Colledlion already formed contains moft of the early Spanifh Writers ; the early Voyages, the Accounts of the firft Colonifts, the various Hif- tories of the War of Independence, and the older Books generally. In the more modern ones there are many Deficiencies to be fupplied. Not in American Hiftory only, but alfo in American Lite- rature, it is hoped that the Library will, fooner or later, be made complete. The Library poffeffes a complete Colledion of Englifh Parliamentary Journals, Debates and Re- ports. Thefe amount to nearly three thoufand Volumes, chiefly folios ; the long Room on the left of the main Entrance-door has been taken for them, and for other like European Documents. The correfponding Room on the Right will be appro- [ ^97 ] priated to American publick Documents of the United States, and of the individual States. This Ufe of them will in no wife interfere with their being ufed as Reading-rooms, fhould they be needed for that Purpofe. The prefent Arrangement for reading is at the Tables in the main Library-room. A fpecial Technological Department, embracing the various Branches of praftical Indufhry and the mechanick Arts, has recently been founded by Wm. B. Aftor. Upwards of $15,000, according to the annual Report of the Truftees for 1857, have already been expended for Books of this Charadter, under the Dirediion of the Superintendent. In the Department of Bibliography, the Aftor Library is far Superiour to any other in the Country. This Department, fo indifpenfable to the Know- ledge of Books, and to the efficient and fyftematick Growth of every Library, has been founded at the Expenfe of Dr. Cogfwell, who continues, with charadleriftick Liberality, to provide for its Increafe. It embraces, including General Literary Hiftoiy, about fix thoufand Volumes, many of which are very rare and coftly. Indeed fcarcely one important Work in this Department is want- ing. On the 3 ift of Odlober, 1 855, the prefent Build- ing having become filled, and the Neceffity for more Room obvioufly exifting, Mr. William B. Aftor, eldeft Son of the Founder of the Library, made a Donation to the Truftees of a Piece of Land im- mediately adjacent to the prefent Building, embrac- [ 198 ] ing an area 80 Feet wide, and 1 20 Feet deep. The Sum paid for this additional Lot was 130,476. Mr. Aftor alfo announced his Intention of erefting at his own Expenfe a Building fimilar to the prefent, and to be adapted to the fame Purpofes. Since that Date the Foundations have been laid, and the Building has rapidly advanced toward Completion. The Coft, as eftimated by theTruftees, can fall but little ihort of $100,000. It will correfpond to the prefent Building in Materials and external Appear- ance, imparting to the Whole the architedlural EiFedt of a fmgle Edifice one hundred and thirty Feet in Front. A Space of fifteen Feet is left open on the northern Side for Light and Ventilation. The whole Edifice when completed, will be capable of containing 200,000 Volumes. The Catalogue of the Aftor Library, which has been in Progrefs ever fince it was opened, has been a Labor of Difficulty, and requiring and receiving the mofl careful Attention. It will comprife, when finifhed, eight odlavo Volumes, numbering upward of 500 Pages each, four Volumes being devoted to an Alphabetical Index of Authors' Names, and four to a carefully arranged Catalogue of Subjedls. It will form, when completed, perhaps the moft per- fed: printed Library Catalogue ever publifhed. The firfl two Volumes are already printed, and the others are rapidly paffing through the Prefs. The Library is open every Day, except Sundays and eflablifhed Holydays, from 10 A. M., until half an Hour before Sunfet. AdmifTion free to all Per- [ 199 .1 fons over fixteen Years of Age. The Library, like the Britifh Mufeuni, does not lend out its Books. Dr. Joseph G. Cogswell, Superintendent. INTERIOUR OF THE ASTOR LIBRARY. [ 200 ] S)\'^'^.^';j>:,^^^ PUBLIC LIBRARY OF BOSTON. 65,000 Volumes. THE Idea of a free publick Library in Bofton doubtlefs fuggefted itfelf to many Indivi- duals before any adive Meafures were taken to realize the Projeft. As long ago as the Year [ 201 J 1836, Lemuel Shattuck, whofe Labors as a Statifti- cian are generally appreciated, made fome Suggef- tions in relation to preferving the Documents and other Publications of the City, and his Plan might have ripened into apublick Library had the Subjed: attracted more Attention. In 1843, the city Go- vernment received from Paris through the Agency of M. Vattemare, about fifty Volumes of valuable Books, and in 1847 a further Donation v^^as re- ceived from the fame Source. Upon the Reception of the laft CoUecftion a Committee was appointed by the City council to confider what Acknov^^ledg- ment could be made for the Donation, and to pro- vide for the fafe Keeping of the Books. This Committee, of which Hon. Jofiah Quincy, Jr., was Chairman, reported in detail, and introduced an Order that a joint Committee be formed to confider the Expediency of commencing the Form- ation of a publick Library under the Control and Aufpices of the City. In connexion with this Proje6t, Mr. Quincy offered, on the Part of a pub- lick fpirited Citizen (now underflood to have been Mr. Quincy himfelf), the Sum of $5000 to the Library, whenever $10,000 fhould have been con- tributed to the fame by other Citizens. The city Council not having the Power to appropriate Money for the Formation of a Library, Application was made to the Legiflature, and in March, 1848, an Adt was pafi^ed granting to the city Government the requifite Power to eftablifh, regulate and control a Library for the free Ufe of Bb [ 202 ] the Citizens of Bofton, with a Provifo that no Ap- propriation for any one Year fhould exceed $5000. This Ad; was accepted by the city Council on the 3d of April, 1848, and in accordance therewith Negotiations were opened with the Truftees of the Bofton Athensum for the Purpofe of throwing its Library open to the Publick. The Propofition was favourably received by the Truftees of that In- ftitution, but was rejected by the Proprietors, and the Negotiations fell to the Ground, The publick Library had been commenced, and although the Intereft therein flumbered for a While, it was not entirely forgotten. On the 31ft of Odtober, 1849, Hon. Robert C. Winthrop gave one hundred, and eighty-feven Volumes of bound publick Documents to the City. The Let- ter of Mayor Bigelow, acknowledging this Dona- tion, which we republifh in this Connection, is brief, but pointed, and gives to Mr. Winthrop the Credit of laying the firft American Stone to the free Library. About the fame Time two hundred and nineteen Volumes were received from John D. W. Wil- liams, Efq., of Roxbury, and other fimilar Contri- butions from a Number of other Perfons foon fol- lowed. The next Step in the Formation of the Library was the one which gave the Projed an Impulfe that completely overcame the previous Inertia. To the Hon. John P. Bigelow, then Mayor of the City, is undoubtedly due the Credit of having been [ 203 ] the firft to put the free pubUck Library upon a fure Foundation. In the Summer of 1850, many of the Friends of Mayor Bigelow united to raife a Sum of Money for the Purchafe of a Vafe to pre- fent to him as a Teftimonial of their Refped; for his pubhck Charad;er and Services. Mr. Bigelow, anticipating the Purchafe of the Vafe, requefted that in Lieu thereof the Sum be contributed to- wards the Eftablifhment of a publick Library. On the 5th of Auguil, Mr. Bigelow, with the Confent of the Donors, tendered the Amount ($1000), to the city Government, in a Letter, from which the following is an Extrad: : " The Want of fuch an Inftitution in our Midft is generally acknowledged. It has an important profpedtive Bearing upon the moral and intelledtual Character of the People of Bofton, and I have Reafon to know that there are many Perfons in this Community who are ready to tender valuable Offer- ings for the Purpofe in View, as loon as it ihall be known that the city Government is willing to re- ceive fuch Donations.'' The generous Donation of Mr. Bigelow was gratefully accepted, and the Committee of the city Government on the Library was direfted to " pro- ceed with as little Delay as poffible, and as far as the Means in their Hands would juftify, to carry into Effea; the Eftablifhment of a Free Publick Library." Two Days fubfequently, on the 7th of Auguft, the Hon. Edward Everett tendered to the city Govern- ment his large Colledlion of Publick Documents, [ 204 ] the Contributions alluded to by Mr. Bigelow in his Letter to Mr. Winthrop in 1849. This Con- tribution was exceedingly valuable. It confifted of publick Documents and State Papers, in all to the Number of one thoufand bound Volumes. Mr. Everett ftated in his Letter that he had devoted a great Deal of Time, Labor and Expenfe in colledt- ing thofe Documents. The Volumes embrace the mofl important Documents from the Foundation of the Federal Government dow^n to the Year 1 840. In this Letter Mr. Everett ftrongly urged the Im- portance of ered:ing a Building for the publick Library, and faid : " Such a Library vv^ould put the finifhing Hand to that Syftem of Education v^hich lies at the Baiis of the Proiperity of Bofton, and, with her benevo- lent Inftitutions, gives her fo much of her Name and Praife in the Land." The city Council accepted this Donation, and voted to receive the Volumes whenever a fuitable Place fhould be provided in which to depofit them. On the 7th of June, 1851, Mr. Everett tranfmitted the Volumes to the city Council, accompanying them with a Catalogue, and with another Letter, in which he again urged the Eredtion of a fuitable Building for a publick Library. The Liberality of Mr. Everett was foon imitated by feveral other publick fpirited Citizens, who prefented many valuable Volumes to the Library. Early in 1852, the Hon. Benjamin Seaver, Mayor of the City, in his inaugural Addrefs again called [205 ] the Attention of the city Council to the Free Pubhc Library. His Remarks were referred to the joint Standing Committee on the Library, who, in conformity with his Recommendations, reported, April 29, in favor of chooiing five Citizens at large, who, with the joint Committee of the city Council, fhould conftitute a Board of Truftees. They alfo recommended the immediate Appointment of a Librarian, in accordance with which Recommend- ation the prefent Librarian, Edward Capen, was eled:ed on the 13th of May, the Board of Truftees being chofen on the 24th of the fame Month. One of the firft Ad:s of the Board of Truftees was to report in accordance with Inftrudlions from the Common Council, " upon the Objefts to be attained by the Eftabliftiment of a publick Library, and the beft Mode of effedling them." This Re- port was drawn up by Mr. Everett, and was an able and forcible Paper, fetting forth in glowing Lan- guage the Advantages of the publick Library, dif- cufling a Plan for its Formation, ftiowing the feveral ClafTes of Books which ought to be com- prifed in fuch a Library, and confidering fome of the Details of the Plan of Organization. The Truftees did not deem it expedient to recommend, in the exifting State of the Finances of the City, an Appropriation for the Erediion of a Building, but conceived that there were Advantages in a more gradual Courfe of Meafures, in the Continuance of fuch moderate and frugal Expenditures on the Part of the City as had h)een already authorized and [ 2o6 J commenced for the Purchafe of Books and the Compenfation of .the Librarian. In order, how- ever, to put the Library into Operation with the leaft poffible Delay, the Truftees propofed to the city Government to appropriate for this Purpofe the ground Floor of the Adams School-houfe in Mafon Street. This Recommendation was adopted, and foon after the Rooms ftill occupied by the Library were opened for the Reception of Books. In September of the fame Year Samuel Appleton, Efq. enclofed to Mayor Seaver a Check for |5i,ooo, to be devoted to the Purchafe of Books for the Library. But the Free Publick Library thus humbly, though fuccefffully commenced, had yet in ftore a Donation which was at once to place it upon a liberal Foundation, and to eftablifh its .Ufefulnefs upon a fure Bafis. At about the Time the firft Report of the Board of Truftees, above alluded to, was iffued, the city Government were engaged in negotiating a Loan with the Houfe of Baring Bro- thers & Co. Mayor Seaver tranfmitted among other Documents to Jolhua Bates, Efq., a Native of Bofton and a Member of that Firm, a Copy of the Report of the Library Truftees. On the ift of Oftober, 1852, Mr. Bates addreifed a Letter to Mayor Seaver, ftating that he had perufed the Re- port with great Intereft, "being impreifed with the Importance to the Rifing and the future Genera- tions of fuch a Library as is recommended." In order to accelerate its Accomplifhment, and efta- [ 207 J blifh the Library at once on a Scale which would do Credit to the City, Mr. Bates tendered the Sum of $50,000 for the Purchafe of Books. This mu- nificent Offer was promptly accepted by the city Government, and on the loth of March, 1853, Mr. Bates wrote to Mayor Seaver, authorizing him to draw on him "for a Sum fuflicient to contribute a Fund of fifty thoufand Dollars, to be held by the City of Bofton in Truft," upon the following Con- ditions : "That its entire Income, but only its Income, fhall in each and every Year hereafter be expended in the Purchafe of fuch Books of permanent Value and Authority as may be found moft needed and moft ufeful, and that the City will, fo foon as it may conveniently be done, provide, and always hereafter maintain a fuitable Eftablifhment for a Free Publick Library, in which Arrangements fhall be made for the comfortable Accommodation at one and the fame Time, and at all proper Hours of the Day and Evening, for at leaft one hundred Readers." In accordance with a Vote of the city Council, the Mayor drew upon Mr. Bates for the Sum of $50,000, which was Invefted in the city Bonds as a permanent Fund for the Increafe of the Library. The Fund was foon after increafed by another munificent Donation from one of the moft wealthy and diftinguifhed Citizens of Bofton, the Hon, Jona- than Phillips, who on the nth of April, 1853, in a Letter to the Mayor and Aldermen, offered for [ 2o8 ] the Acceptance of the City of Bofton, in Aid of their city Library, the Sum of ten thoufand Dol- lars — "to be forever held and treated as a truft Fund ,• the Income of which fhall be ufed exclu- fively for the Purchafe of Books for faid Library, and if from any Caufe whatever there fhall at any Time happen a Diminution of the Capital, then the Income is to accumulate, and be added to the Capital, until its original Amount fhall be entirely reftored." This Donation was invefted in like Manner as that of Mr. Bates, and thefe two Donations, with that of Mr. Bigelow — in all $61,000 — conftitute a permanent Fund, yielding an annual Income of $3,660 for the gradual Increafe of the Library. To this the City has added annually a liberal Sum. An Addition to the permanent Fund of the Library to the Amount of $10,000, will probably foon be realized from the liberal Bequeft of the Hon. Ab- bot Lawrence, which is to be paid within three Years of the Probate of his Will. The Free Publick Library has had many other liberal Benefaftors befides thofe whofe munificent Donations have founded the Library upon a per- manent Bafis. Among thefe may be mentioned the lamented James Brown, who contributed $500, James Nightengale, $100, J. Ingerfoll Bowditch, $300, N. I. Bowditch, $200, and Mrs. S. I. K. Shepard, $1,000. On the 24th of February, 1853, an Order was [ 209 ] paffed by the city Council, authorizing the Com- mittee on the Library, in Conference with the Board of Truftees, to purchafe a fuitable Site for the Ereftion of a Building which fhould be fully adapted to the Purpofes of the Library and fulfill the Conditions of the Donation of Mr. Bates. Accordingly the Committee purchafed an Eftate on Somerfet Street, which, as not being fufficiently central, was fubfequently fold, and four very eligi- ble Lots were purchafed on Boylfton Street and Van Renffelaer Place, upon which the Edifice repre- fented in the Cut, has been eredied. The Building is in the Roman Style of Archi- tefture, the Exteriour being quite plain, with the Exception of the Front, being conftrudled of faced Brick, with Connefticut free-ftone Dreffing. It fhows two Stories high in Front. The Bafe- ment, which is quite light and airy, is nearly all below the Grade of Boylfton Street. The Build- ing is reftangular, 82 Feet wide, by 116 Feet long, with two Towers 14! by 18 Feet, one at each Corner. The Bafement is 1 1 Feet high, the firft Story 21 i Feet, and the fecond or principal Story 52 Feet. The firft Floor is divided into five Apart- ments by brick Walls, defignated as follows: Vefti- bule, Converfation and Delivery Room, General Reading Room, Special Reading Room (for La- dies), and Circulating Library Room. A fpacious Entrance through three Sets of richly carved oak Doors leads to the Veftibule, which oc- cupies the central Portion of the Front of the Cc [ 2IO ] Building, and which is 22 Feet wide by 44 Feet deep, and 22 Feet high. The Veftibule con- tains the main Stair-cafe, which commences in two Parts, one fix Feet wide on each Side, both land- ing upon a Platform at an Elevation of ten Feet, and thence converging into one Flight, ten Feet wide, to the main Hall. The Conversation Room, M^hich is entered from the Foot of the Veflibule, occupies the central Portion of the eaft Side of the Building on the firft Story, and is 34 Feet wide, by 50 Feet deep, and 12 Feet high. This Room forms a Kind of inner Veftibule, with deli- very Counters for the Circulating Library, and Entrances to the Special and General Reading Rooms. It is finifhed quite plain, with marble Floor, and Walls and Ceilings laid off in panel Work. The Special Reading Room, for Ladies, occupies the northeaft front Corner of the Build- ing, and is 27 Feet wide by 44 Feet deep, and 21 J Feet high. It is intended to accommodate one hundred Readers, having fix circular Tables furrounding the elaborately ornamented iron Co- lumns, which fupport the Ceiling. The Walls and Ceiling are taftefully laid off in panel Work, ex- quifitely tinted and gilded. The Floor is of Mar- ble, like nearly all the Floors throughout the Build- ing, the iron Columns refling upon Bafes of fine Italian Marble. The Arrangements for lighting this and all the Rooms are complete and ample, and the Gaf-fixtures are Models of Neatnefs and Appropnatenefs. The General Reading Room is [ 211 ] in the northweft Corner of the Building. It is 28 Feet wide by 78 Feet deep, and of the fame Height with the fpecial Reading-room. It is alfo fimilarly furnifhed, and will accommodate two hundred Readers. The Circulating Library Room occupies the Remainder of the firft Floor, being upon the fouth End. It is 78 Feet wide by. 34 Feet deep. It is fhelved for forty thoufand Volumes. The Decora- tions are very few. It is plainly finifhed, with iron Balconies, and circular Stairs, and connefts with the Bafement and upper Parts of the Building by an iron Staircafe in the eaft Tower, and with the main Hall by a circular iron Staircafe. It is alfo in Communication with the main Hall by Means of Dumb-waiters. Leading from this Room there are in the weft Tower two Rooms for the Librarian and Affiftants. There is alfo a Room belonging to this Floor, direcflly over the Converfation Room, an Apartment for Stowage of Books, 9 Feet high in clear, and 34 Feet fquare. The entire upper Story is occupied by the Iplen- did main Hall and Library. This Hall has a clear Space of 38 Feet wide, by 92 Feet deep, and 58 Feet high, furrounded by three Stories of Alcoves, thirty arranged on each Side, 9 by 14 Feet in clear, and 1 2 Feet high, each with three Stories of Cor- ridors on each End to correfpond with the Alcoves in Height, and finifhed in the Roman- Corinthian, ornate Style. The Partitions between the Alcoves are faced with three-quarters Diameter, full, rich [ 212 ] Corinthian Columns, {landing upon Pedeftals of the heft ItaUan Marble, highly polifhed. The Columns, Capitals, Bafes and Pedeftals, occupy nearly the Height of the three Stories of Alcoves, and fupport femi-circular Arches with rich Archi- vaults, Keyftones, &c., which in turn fupport a full, rich Corinthian Cornice, without Architrave, whereon refts the Lantern. The Lantern is finiftied with coved Angles, having perpendicular circle- headed Windows, with Arches interfering the coved Angles, and feparated by heavy Ribs fupport- ing a deep-funk diamond panel Ceiling, relieved with rich carved Mouldings, pendant Drops, &c. The Floor of the clear Space is of Marble, and that of the Alcoves is of fouthern Pine, bedded in Ce- ment, on brick Arches. The Alcoves on the main Floor are ftielved for Books, in accordance with the decimal Syftem propofed by Dr. N. B. ShurtlefF, having ten Shelves, in Height, divided into ten Spaces in Length, making one hundred Spaces in each Alcove. The Shelves are of Wood, covered with a f]re.-proof Solution of Glafs, &c. Each Al- cove, befides being lighted from the clear Space, is alfo illuminated by a Skylight diredlly from the Roof, and the rear End of the Alcove being con- ftrucfled in a V fhape, leaves no dark Corner. The Alcoves on the firft Floor are protedred by iron Railings in Front from the Publick, and have Open- ings between each for the PalTage of the Librarians, and alfo four Flights of circular iron Stairs, con- nedting with the two Tiers of Galleries. The [ 213 I grand Hall is one of the moil beautiful in the Country, and for perfed: Proportion, Neatnefs of Colour, and exquifite Tafte of Decoration, can hardly be furpaffed the World over. The Building occupied about two and a half Years in Conftrud:ion, and coft, including the Finilh- ings, $247,051. The Land and Preparation coft $116,582, making a Total of $363,633. It was conftrudled from Defigns by, and under the Superintendence of Charles K. Kirby, whofe Plan was feledted from among twenty-four prefented by Bofton Architedts in Anfwer to an Advertifement by the Commiffioners. The corner Stone of the Strud:ure was laid by the Mayor of the City, on the 17th of September, 1855; and on the ift of January, 1858, the new Building was dedicated, with appropriate Ceremonies. Addreffes were de- livered by Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, his Honour Mayor Rice, and Hon. Edward Everett. As foon as Information was received by Mr. Bates, in London, that the Ereftion of a Library was commenced, he addreffed a Communication to the Mayor, iignifying his Wifh, in order to ren- der the Library immediately and generally ufeful to the Publick, in addition to the Sum of $50,000 originally given by him, to purchafe a confider- able Number of Books in the various Departments of Science and Literature, and to prefent them to the City for the publick Library. This new and moft liberal Offer was gratefully accepted, and in [ 214 ] accordance with the Requefl of Mr. Bates, the Truflees, with the fpecial Afliftance of Prof Jewett and a Number of literary and fcientific Gentlemen of known Eminence, prepared, with great Care, Lifts of Works in various Departments of Know- ledge, which they deemed moft important for the Library. The Number of Volumes thus indicated amounted to 35,000, and the Lifts, after having been carefully revifed, were tranfmitted to the Agents of Mr. Bates in London, Paris, Leipiic and Florence. The Books were procured and for- warded with great Promptnefs. The firft Arrival Was in May, 1856. In lefs than a Year and a half 142 Boxes had been received, containing 21,374 Volumes, the Coft of which, according to the In- voices, was $38,893. Others are conftantly arriv- ing, and it is probable that the aggregate money Value of this munificent Donation of Mr. Bates, will equal the Amount originally contributed by him as a permanent Fund for the Ufe of the Li- brary. The city Government has very properly provided that a Buft of Mr. Bates, in Marble or Bronze, fhall be placed in the publick library Building, as an enduring Memorial of the city's Obligation arid Gratitude. It fliould be mentioned in this Connexion that George Ticknor, Efq., one of the Truftees, vifited Europe in 1856, to confer with and render fuch Affiftance as might be defirable to Mr. Bates in carrying out his noble Purpofe. He not only [ 215 ] made Arrangements perfonally for the Purchafes in the German and Itahan Departments, but eftabhih- ed Agencies, fecured the good Offices of fome of the moft accomphfhed Librarians and Bibliograph- ers of Europe, and in other Ways materially fub- ferved the Interefts of the Library. The Books received from Europe were placed in the Care of Profeffor C. C. Jewett, formerly Librarian of the Smithfonian Inftitute, under whofe Super- vilion they have been catalogued and arranged upon the Shelves. The aftive Operations of the Library have been attended with great Succefs. On the 20th of March, 1854, the Books then comprifing the Li- brary, which had been temporarily placed in the lower Story of the Building of the IsTormal School, in Mafon Street, were offered to the Publick for Ufe in the Reading-room attached to the Library ; and on the 2d of May following, the Books were firft circulated among the Citizens for home Ufe — a Privilege which has been continued to the prefent Time, with the Exception of fhort Periods, when the Library has been clofed for the ufual annual Examination. In November, 1857, when the lafl Examination of the Library was made by a Committee, in com- pliance with a Requifition of the library Ordinance, the Number of Volumes appertaining to the Inftitu- tion (including the Books received from the laffc liberal Donation of Mr. Bates), amounted to about [ 2^6 ] 56,000; to which fhould be added 16,000 or more Pamphlets. The Number of Books at the prefent Time is about 65,000. During the Time that the Library has been open to the Pubhck, the Books have been very adlively circulated. In the Aggregate, about 90,000 Vo- lumes a Year have been delivered to Borrowers for home Ufe; and on one Occafion the large Number of 730 Volumes were lent in a fingle Day. Thus have been Iketched fomewhat at Length, the leading Events in the Hiftory of the Rife and Progrefs of the Free Public Library of Bofton. The Inftitution is one of which her Citizens have every Reafon to be proud. It is the Culmination of that great educational Structure of which the pri- mary Schools are the foundation Stones. Riiing in regular Gradation therefrom are the Grammar Schools, the Latin School, the Englifh High School, the Normal School for Girls, and the Free Public Library. The Children of the City are received at the Portals of this Edifice, inftrudled in the very Elements of Learning, then conducted Step by Step to the higher Branches, until they become fitted for the acflive Duties of Life, and to become good and ufeful Citizens, when the Departments of Sci- ence, of Art and of Literature are freely thrown open to them, in the rich Stores of Learning which are treafured upon the Shelves of the publick Li- brary. May the Intereft which is now felt in this excellent Inftitution continue unabated, and may it [ 217 ] go on indefinitely in its Work of gathering that which is better than Riches and more precious than Gold. Charles C. Jewett, A. M., Superintendent. Edward Capen, Librarian. Note. — The foregoing Account has been taken mainly from the Bofton Journal, and Bofton Courier, with flight Alterations and Changes. REDWOOD LIBRARY. Pd 1 [ 2i8 J IMPERIAL LIBRARY AT PARIS. 825,000 Vols. "AHE Imperial Library at Paris is juftly con- fidered as the fineft in the World. It was commenced under the Reign of King John, who poffeffed only 20 Volumes ; but the Number was fo increafed by his SuccefTor, Charles V., who conftrudted a Library in one of the Towers of the Louvre, that, at his Death in 1380, they amounted, according to Le Prince, to 9 1 o Volumes, feveral of them fuperbly illuminated by John of Bruges, the beft Artift in- Miniatures of that Time. This pre- cious Collection was nearly deftroyed during the Troubles in the Reign of Charles VII. ; but what remained was recovered and greatly improved by Charles VIII., who added to it the choice Books, ftill to be identified by the curious Vifitor, which he carried off to France, after the Conqueft of Na- ples. Francis I. united it -in 1544 with that of Fontainbleau, which had been enriched by valuable Greek. Manufcripts brought from the Eaft. Henri IV. was alfo a munificent Benefadlor. He ap- pointed the celebrated Hiflorian De Thou, to be Keeper ; brought the Royal Library back to Paris, after an Abfence of nearly a Century (it had been removed to Blois before its Tranffer to Fontain- bleau) ; and added to it, the fine Collection of Man- ufcripts, — more than 800 in Number, and chiefly Greek — which had been formed by Catherine de Medicis. From this Period the Royal Library continued to receive conftant Acceflions. In 1684 [ 219 J it poffelTed 50,547 Volumes ; at the Death of Louis XIV., upwards of 70,000 ; in 1 775 it amounted to 150,000; and by 1790 it had increafed to about 200,000. Then came the enormous, and for a long Time the almofl chaotick Acceffions which accrued from the revolutionary Confifcations. At prefent it contains about 825,000 printed Volumes, 85,000 Volumes of Manufcripts, 300,000 Charters and Deeds, and 500,000 Pamphlets or Trad:s. In 1667, Louis XIV., having ordered all the Medals and Curiofities contained in the royal Refi- dences to be colledled together, caufed them to be depoiited in this Library. Learned Antiquarians, fent into foreign Countries, augmented this Col- ledtion; rare and precious Objects were fucceflively acquired ; and the Library at prefent poffeffes the richeft and moft varied Colledlion that exifts in Europe. The Cabinet of Engravings, alfo founded by Louis XIV., is compofed of Paintings on Vellum, Drawings, and an immenfe Collection of Prints, from the Difcovery of Engraving to the prefent Time. It contains more than 1,500,000, arranged in about 1 2,000 Volumes and Portfolios. In thefe Numbers is included a noble Series of Portraits, exceeding 60,000, arranged as far as poffible, in chronological Order. A fecond and ftill larger Collection of Portraits, formed by the Debures — nearly 67,000 in Number — has been recently pur- chafed, and arranged in alphabetical Order. Large Selections of Prints are conftantly exhibited to all Comers, under Glafs. [ 220 ] The Imperial Library is at prefent divided into the following Departments, viz : ift. Printed Books; 2d. Manufcripts, Charters and Deeds ; 3d. Coins, Medals, engraved Stones, and other antique Mon- uments; 4th. Engravings; 5th. Maps, Charts and Plans. Thefe five Departments form five diftindt Eftablifhments, which, by their Importance and the Richnefs of their Treafures, exceed everything of the Kind that is, as yet, to be found in other Coun- tries. A Decree of 1556, which fell, or partially fell, into Difufe during the Troubles of the Fronde, was renewed in 1689, impofed on Publifhers the Obligation of furnifhing to the Library of the King, Copies of all Works printed with Copyright ; and each Copy was required to be bound. At prefent the Law prefcribes the Depofit of Copies of all Books (as well as Maps and Engravings) printed ; but the Condition requiring them to be bound is difpenfed with. The yearly Increafe from this Source alone is ftated to be 1 2,000 Volumes. The Additions from the Vatican Library, feledled by the French Commiffioners in 1797, were par- ticularly valuable, amounting to 501 Manufcripts. Of thefe, 20 were Hebrew ; 40 Syriac ; 1 9 Coptic ; II Chinefe; 133 Greek, amongft which was the celebrated Codex Vaticanus of the Septuagint; 176 Latin, including the famous Virgil, Terence, Horace, Csfar, Plautus, and other ancient claffical Manufcripts ; befides many other Manufcripts illuf- trative of the ninth and tenth Centuries. Nume- rous Manufcripts in modern Languages were alfo [ 221 ] leized in virtue of the compulfory Treaty of To- lentino, particularly the Comedia of Dante, tranf- cribed by Boccaccio, the Arcadia of Sannazaro, Michael Angelo's Letters, and alfo thofe of Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn; befides 136 early printed Books, 13 Etrufcan Vafes, and 737 ancient Coins. To thefe were added the Manufcripts and early printed Books colledled by the French in other Parts of Europe, to which their vidtorious Eagles had penetrated. But the Events of 18 14 and 1 8 1 5 were followed by a large Reftitution of the literary Treafures, as well as of the Works of Art, acquired by Right, or rather by Abufe, of Con- queft. Of the Contents of this magnificent Col- ledtion, it would be impoffible, in a Sketch like this, to give anything like Details. It is rich in every Branch and Department, unique in fome, and as a whole unrivalled. Of Books printed upon Vellum, it contains 1467, being the fineft and moft extenfive Colledtion in the World. The total Num- ber of Books of this Sort extant does not exceed 2700. Lord Spencer's Collection, which is the richeft in Great Britain, only contains 108. The following are a few of the literary and artiftick Treafures accumulated in the Library, defcribed by Dr. Dibdin, in his Bibliographical Tour in France and Germany, Volume IL I. Manufcripts. Latin Bible of Charles the Bald. A magnificent folio Volume, depofited in the Li- brary by Baluze, the head Librarian to Colbert. Book of the Gofpels of the Emperor Lotharius, [ 222 ] executed in the Year 855, and among the nioft precious Specimens of early Art in the Collection. On the Cover are the royal Arms. Pfalterium, Latine, 8°. The Religious Manual of St. Louis. It is in wooden Covers, wrapped in red Velvet. The Vellum is Angularly foft, and of its original pure Tint. Hiftorical Paraphrafe of the Bible. Latin and French. Folio. Containing according to Camus in his Notices et Extraits, Vol. VI, up- wards of 5000 Illuminations. Such a Work could not now, in his Eftimation, be executed under 100,000 Francs. Evangelium Sti Johannis. A fmall oblong folio Manufcript of the Eleventh Century, bound in red Velvet. It is executed in large coarfe Gothick and Roman Letters of Gold. Breviary of John, Duke of Bedford. " The laft, and by much the moft fplendid Illumination in this Breviary, is the Affumption of the Virgin, for which the Artifts of the Middle Age, and efpe- cially the old Illuminators, feem to have referved all their Powers, and upon which they lavifhed all their Stock of Gold, Ultramarine and Carmine." This Breviary is one of the moft minute, elaborate and dazzling Works of the Kind extant. Horas Beats Marias Virginis. A fmall Folio. One of the moft fuperb and beautiful Books, of its Clafs, in the Library. Hours of Anne of Brittany. " Of all the Volumes in this moft marvellous Library, this is deemed the moft precious." It meafures 12 Inches by yl. Cite de Dieu. 2 Vols. Folio. Magnificent Shew Books, fimilar in Size and Style [ 223 ] of Art, to the Manufcript of Valerius Maximus, in the Britifh Mufeum, Tite-Live. Folio. A noble Manufcript of the 15th Century. L'Hif- toire Romaine. 3 Vols. Folio. Among the Shew Books. The Binding is gorgeous, and in a fine State of Prefervation. Royal Biography of France. Folio. The Nonpareil of its Kind, being a Book of Portraits, with intermixed Illuminations. Lan- celot du Lac, Triftan, Le Roy Artus, Roman de la Rofe, and other Romances. A Book of Tourna- ments. Folio. A marvellous Volume in a perfed Blaze of Splendour. 2. Fjurly Printed Books. Horas Beats Virginis, Greek. Printed by Aldus. 1497. ^2°. "Perhaps the rareft Aldine Volume in the World, when found in a perfed; State." There are only ten known perfeSi Copies of this Book, of which fix are in England. The Shyppe of Fooles. Printed by Wynkyn de Worde. 1509. 8°. A far famed Volume, upon Vellum, bound in red Morocco. Pfalterium, Latine. Printed by Fuft and Schoiif her. 1457. Foho. Editio Princeps. Bought at the M'Carthy Sale for 12,000 Francs. Only feven Copies of it known in the World. Biblia Latina. (Suppofed to have been printed in 1455.) Folio. This is the famous Edition called the Mazarine Bible, upon which Bibliographers have prepared fo many Difquifitions. This Copy, which is upon Paper, is the Copy of all Copies. Durandi Ration- ale Div. Oflf. Printed by Fuft and Schoiffher. 1459. Folio, Biblia Latina. Printed by Pfifter, [ 224 ] at Bamberg, 1461. 3 Vols. Folio. The rareft of all Latin Bibles, when found in a perfedt State. Sts. Auguftinus de Civitate Dei. Printed in the Soubiaco Monaftery. 1467. Folio. "A fine Copy of this refplendent Volume, which is truly among the Mafter-pieces of early Printing," Grammatica Rhythmica. Printed by Fuft and Schoiifher. 1466. Folio. This very meagre little Folio, confifting of but eleven Leaves, was bought at the Sale of Car- dinal Lomenie's Library for three thoufand three hundred Livres. There is but one other known Copy of it in the World. Vocabularius. Printed by Bechtermuntze. 1467. Quarto. Editio Prin- ceps. One of the rareft Books in the World. Virgilius. Printed by Sweynheym and Pannartz. 1469. Folio. Editio Princeps. "The enormous Worth and Rarity of this exceedingly precious Vol- ume may be eftimated from this very Copy having been purchafed, at the Sale of the Duke de la Val- liere's Library, in 1783, iox four thoufand one hun- dred and one Livres." Virgilius. Printed by Vinde- lin de Spira. 1470. Upon Vellum. Plinii Hift. Naturalis. Printed by J. de Spira. 1469. Folio. Editio Princeps. A beautiful Book-gem upon Vellum. Livius. Printed by Vindelin de Spira. 1470. Folio. A magnificent Copy in two Vol- umes, upon Vellum. " I know that 500 Guineas were once offered for a Copy of this moft extra- ordinary Book. — Dibdin. Boccaccio II Decame- rone. Printed by Valdarfer. 1471. Folio. The famous Edition of the more famous Copy fold at [ 225 ] the Sale of the Duke of Roxburghe's Library for £2,260. Homeri Opera. Greek. 1488. Folio. Editio Princeps. Croniques de France. Printed by Verard. 1493. 3 Vols. Folio. Upon Vellum. Coloured wood Cuts, red morocco Binding. Hitherto there has been no complete Catalogue of the Imperial Library. That of Labbe, printed in 1653, in quarto, treats of fome Manufcripts, which are divided into hiftorical and chronological, biblical and theological, epiftolary and diplomatick, technical and philological. Anicet Melot's Cata- logue of the Manufcripts in the Royal Library was printed at Paris, 1739-44, in 4 Volumes. Folio. The firft Volume contains the oriental Manufcripts ; the fecond the Greek ; and the third and fourth the Latin. Befides thefe, the CoUeftion has fur- nifhed the Materials for a Work, publiilied in fuc- ceffive Volumes, by the Academy of Infcriptions, under the Title of Notices et Extraits des Manuf- crits de la Bibliotheque du Roi (or Nationale) et autres Bibliotheques. The firft Volume, quarto, is dated 1787, the feventeenth, 1851. This, however, is rather a Collection of DilTertations, and Defcriptions of particular Manufcripts, than a defcriptive Catalogue. The French Manufcripts are defcribed with great Accuracy, by M. Paulin Paris, in his Work, Les Manufcrits Frangois de la Bibliotheque du Roi. 7 Vols. 8°. Paris, 1836-48. Of the printed Books in the then Royal Library, there appeared a Catalogue compiled by the Abbe's Sallier, Boudot,Capperonnier, and others, in 6 Vols. [ 226 ] Folio. Paris. 1739-50. It contains only the ClafTes Theology, Belles-Lettres, and a Part of Juriipru- dence. After the Lapfe of a Century, the Want of a general Catalogue having been felt, the Deficiency is about to be fupplied, by Direftion of the prefent Emperor. The Talk has been undertaken with Energy and carried on with an Amount of Succefs worthy of the Colledlions which have accumulated. The new Catalogue commences with the Clafs of French Hiftory. It is printed in large quarto, in double Columns, the Books chronologically ar- ranged under the different Reigns or Periods of Government. The three Volumes already pub- lifhed, 1855-6, according to an Enumeration pre- fixed, include 45,729 Articles. The fourth Volume, which completes the Clafs, is in the Prefs. This will foon be followed by other ClafiTes or Divifions. The Building in which this vaft Colledion is depofited is the immenfe Hotel formerly occupied by Cardinal Mazarin, embracing the entire Space between the Rue Vivienne, Rue Richelieu, Rue Neuve des Petits Champs, and Rue Colbert. It is deftitute of all external Ornament, and of a dark and dingy Tint. Its Length is 540 Feet, its Breadth 130 Feet; its total Surface, including the Courts, is 152,853 fquare Feet. The Interiour is occupied by a Court, 300 Feet in Length by 90 in Breadth, furrounded with Buildings prefenting two Styles of Architedlure, one that of the ancient Hotel de Nevers, the other of a more modern Date. At the Extremity is a fmall Garden, with a Statue of [ 227 1 Charles V. and a Fountain. The annual Sum allowed for the Support of the Imperial Library is about $80,000. Except on Sundays and Holidays, it is open daily from ten until three o'Clock. Every Book that can be found is brought to Applicants ; and literary Men of known Refpeftability are per- mitted to take Books to their own Refidences. ^ Note. — The above Fafts are gathered from the Encyclopaedia Britan- nica, with Additions and Changes. VIEW OF THE FRANKFORT CITY LIBRARY. [ 228 J ROYAL LIBRARY AT MUNICH. 600,000 Vols. THIS Library, founded about 1660, by Al- bert V., Duke of Bavaria, is the moft ex- tenfive CoUecftion in Germany, ranking in bize and Importance next to the Biblioth^que Ra- tionale of Pans. It contains about 600,000 Vol- umes of pnnted Books, befides upwards of 100,000 Volumes of Duplicates, which were recentty on Sale and 22,000 Volumes of Manufcripts. From aDifcourfe on the Origin and Increafe of th^ Library, delivered in 1784, by Steigenberger, the Librarian (and tranflated into Latin by Vita li) it appears that the Hebrew, Arabick, Syriack, Wk and Latin Manufcripts, which it cont^ained, fo med even then a precious Treafure. Since tha Pedod [ 229 ] vaft Additions have been made to all Departments of the Colledion. The Library, which formerly occupied a College that had belonged to the Jefuits, is now removed to a magnificent new Building, in the Style of a mediaeval Italian Palace, which was commenced in 1822 and completed in 1 842. It is fituated in Ludwig Street, and is eafily recognifed by four Statues of Ariftotle, Thucydides, Hippocrates and Homer, placed upon the Steps before the principal Entrance. From the ground Floor, where the general Ar- chives of the Kingdom are preferved, a magnificent Staircafe afcends between two marble Colonnades to the Library. The Entrance to the firft Library- room is adorned with two Statues, one of the Founder of the Library, Duke Albert V., the other of Louis I., to whom the Building is due. This is the Hall from whence Books are loaned. After this is a large Hall, devoted to the Purpofe of Reading and Study, and open to the Publick daily, from eight o' Clock until one, except on Fete- days and Holidays. A feparate Hall, affigned to the Reading of periodical Reviews, and of literary and fcientifick Journals, is referved for Members of the Academy and for ProfeflTors in the Univerfity. The loaning of Books is reftrifted to thefe Perfons juft mentioned, to publick Officers of at leaft the Rank of Counfellor, and Refident in Munich, and to Perfons who obtain fpecial Permiflion from the Minifter of the Interiour. Books are delivered be- tween nine o' Clock and one. Vifitors at the [ 230 ] Library are not allowed to go to the Shelves where the Books are arranged, without being accompanied by one of the Librarians. For the Gratification of Strangers, however, a large Number of the rareft and moft curious Books and Manufcripts are dif- played in glafs Cafes, where they can be conven- iently feen. The Library has no Colledion of Coins, Medals, Statues, Paintings or Engravings, for there are ex- tended CoUedions of all thefe Objedls elfewhere in Munich. Printed Books and Manufcripts are the two main Divifions of its Property. The former of thefe are arranged upon the Shelves into twelve principal ClalTes, which are ftill further fubdivided into 1 80 Claffes. The twelve main Divifions are the following: i. Encyclopasdick Works, with 11 fubordinate Clafi"es ; 2. Philology, with 1 8 fubor- dinate; 3. Hiftory, with 40 fubordinate ; 4. Mathe- maticks, with 8 fubordinate; 5. Phyficks, with 13 fubordinate; 6. Anthropology, with 4 fubordinate; 7. Philofophy, with 3 fubordinate ; 8. ^Eftheticks, with 15 fubordinate; 9. Politicks, with 6 fubordi- nate ; I o. Medicine, with 8 fubordinate ; 11. Ju- rifprudence, with 16 fubordinate; and 12. Theo- logy, with 38 fubordinate Divifions. The Manufcripts include 580 in Greek ; 268 in oriental Languages; 313 in Hebrew; 14,000 in Latin ; 4,000 in German ; near 600 in French ; about 500 in Italian ; with fome in Swedifh, Slavick, Englifh, and other Languages ; in all, as has already been ftated, not far from 22,000. Among thefe [ 231 J may be fpecified a Greek New Teftament, in uncial Letters, of the eighth Century ; a Copy of the Latin Gofpels, of the fame Age ; a New Tefta- ment in gold and filver Letters, on purple Vellum, of the ninth Century ; an Evangelarium and Mif- fal, given by the Emperor Henry IL to the Cathe- dral of Bamberg, about the Year 1020, moft richly decorated with Miniatures of the Byzantine School, the Binding ornamented with carved Ivory and precious Stones ; a magnificent Copy of the Seven Penitential Pfalms, in four remarkable Folios, ex- hibiting extraordinary Proofs of the united Skill of the Scribe, the Mujician, the Painter, and the Book Binder ; a Latin Manufcript of the Gofpels, in large folio, bound in Ivory and Brafs with Bor- ders of Portraits and precious Stones ; the Ro- mance of Sir Triftrant, in Verfe, written in Ger- man, in the i 3th Century, and containing fifteen Illuminations ; an Office of the Virgin, minutely ornamented, bound in maffive Silver waftied with Gold, and conftituting, according to Dibdin, a Book fuperiour to anything of its Kind in Europe. The principal Gem, in the Department of illumi- nated Books of Devotion, preferved in the Royal Library at Munich, is what is called Albert Durer's Prayer Book. This confifts of a Set of marginal Embellifhments, by the Hand of Albert Durer, in a fmall foho Volume, of which the Text, written in a very large lower-cafe Gothick Letter, forms the central Part. They are executed in Colours of biftre, green, purple or pink, with great Beauty [ 232 ] of Conception and Vigour of Touch, affording an additional Proof of the furprifing Talents of the Author. The ancient Manufcripts relative to the Art of Mufick, amount to a great Number, and are exceedingly curious. Of printed Books of the fifteenth Century, the Library is flated to polTefs, befides 50 block Books, fome of them from the Haarlem Prefs, 3,500 without Date, and 6,000 with Dates prior to the Year 1500. Among thefe may be found the firft printed Bible, the Work of Guttenberg and Fauft, at Mayence, between 1450 and 1455 ; a Latin Pfaltery of the Year 1459, upon Vellum; Le Rational de Durand, of the fame Year, printed by Fauft and SchoiFer ; the firfh Books with Dates which were printed at Augfburg, Nuremberg and Munich ; an Attempt at Stereotyping, made in 1553; the Works of Virgil, of which the entire Text is cut upon Copper, &c. There is no printed Catalogue of the entire Library. The Catalogue in Ufe conlifts of a Se- ries of manufcript Volumes, which are depofited in Cafes, eafy of Accefs and convenient. Into this Catalogue new Books are entered immediately. The annual Sum allowed for the Increafe of the Library is about $10,000. The daily Manage- ment is admirable. The Officers connected with the Library, are, a Chief Librarian, a Sub Libra- rian, 3 AfTiflants, 3 Secretaries, and a Clerk, befides Attendants, In addition to the Royal Library, Munich has [ 233 ] alfo its Univerfity Library, containing about 250,000 Volumes. The following Account of the Sale by Au6lion of the Duplicates of the Royal Library at Munich, to which we have already referred, is taken from the London Athenasum. The Sale took place at Augfburg, on the 3d of May, laft, continuing the whole Week. The great Rarity of many of the Books for jale attraSed, as was to be expeSed, much Attention, and on Monday Morning, when the Sale began, there were a]]embled Bookjellers from all Quarters of Europe. From England, we noticed MeJJrs. Boone and Quaritch, of London, and Stark, of Hull ; from Paris, MeJJrs. Vieweg and E. Trojs ; and from Germany, there were all the principal antiquarian Bookjellers, as Ajher and Stargardt from Berlin, Baer from Frankfort, Weigel from Leipzig, and man}- others. We quote in Prujfian Florins the Prices of Jbme of the principal Works. A Jlightly defeSive Copy on Paper of the Mazarine Bible fold for 2,336 Florins, bought for the Em- peror of RuJfia. Latin Bible, undated, but Juppojed 1465, by Berthold and Richel, 220 fl. A Suit of early Editions of the Bible, in German, followed : the flrjl (Jee Ebert), 267 fl.; the Jecond, 360 fl.; the third, imperfeS, 30 fl.; the fifth, 130 fl.; thejixth, or firjl dated. Edition, AugJturg, 1477, 300 fl.; the feventh, 95 fl.; the ninth. III fl.; and the tenth, 115 fl. A jecond Volume only of the firjl Low Saxon Bible brought 334 fl. Cajlilla Concionero, 1527, imperfefl, 530 fl. Percival and Tyturel, 1477, 246 fl. Balbi Cathollcon, by Fuji, 1460, on Paper, 671 fl ; and the Jame Edition, on Vellum, 4,410 fl. Thomaf-a-Kempis, firjl Edition, undated, 100 fl. Ciceronls de Officiis, by Fuji, 1465, a beautiful Copy on Vellum, 1,950 fl. MiJJale Ratijtonienfe, 1518, on Vellum, impeffefl, 710 fl. Dante a Landino, 1481, 235 fl. Block Books, Ars Memorandi, 725 fl. St. Johannis Evangelljlae, ijl Edition, 1,420 fl. The 3d Edition of the /ame curious Work, 1,255 A- The rare Spanijh Edition of 1529 of Marco Polo, 2io fl. Ff [ 234 ] IMPERIALLIBRARYAT ST. PETERSBURG. 525,000 Vols. IN the Centre of the modern Capital of Ruffia upon one of the moft brilliant Streets in the World the Neviky Perfpeftive, ftands a large and beautiful Edifice, erecSted in the later Style of Roman Architefture, and devoted to the immenfe Coleaions of the Imperial Publick Library. Although this Inftitution, like other large Libraries [ 235 J is a Monument of the Development of human In- tellect: in all its various Phrafes, yet the Officers delight to remember at the fame Time that it is a remarkable Trophy of military Glory, owning the principal and moft precious Part of its Treafures to the Succefs of Ruffian Arms. The Names of Suwarrow and Palkewitch are infeparably attached to the Foundation and Increafe of this vaft Inftitu- tion, while to Field-Marfhal Prince Volkhonfky, recently Minifter of the Imperial Houfehold, w^as referved the Work of its definite Organization. The Hiftory of this Colleftion of Books, origin- ally located in Warfaw, is one of great Intereft. The Library was commenced by Poliffi Counts, of the Zalufki Family, in Cracow, but in 1746 it was removed to Warfaw, where in 1747 it was opened to the Publick and formally inaugurated in Prefence of the King of Poland and other high Authorities. At this Time it is faid to have numbered three hundred thoufand Volumes, of which fifty-two thoufand were Duplicates. In 1761, one of the Counts by whofe pecuniary Advances it was un- doubtedly fuftained, becoming embarrafiTed in his Affairs, tranfferred the Ownerfhip to the College of the Jefuits then eftablifhed in Warfaw. In 1 794 occurred the Fall of Poland, and the Publick Library with the Archives of the Crown were carried off" to St. Peterfburg. This Tranfportation being made by Land, and along Roads which the late Seafon of the Year rendered almoft impradticable, many Boxes of Books fuffered from the Inclemency of the [ 236 ] Weather, others were broken or damaged, and the Works which they contained fpoiled, mifplaced or feparated. The CoUedlion was conveyed to the Imperial Cabinet in two Convoys, and after the Inventory had been completed on the 23d February, 1796, it was found that it flill amounted to 262,640 Volumes and 24,573 Prints. This Library com- prifed in general all the befb Works, up to the Middle of the feventeenth Century, in the Sciences, the Arts, and the Belles-Lettres. The theological, and, after it, the hiftorical and literary Branches, were the moft confiderable. The former alone comprehended above 80,000 Volumes. It was alfo rich in Topography, efpecially in the Hiftories of Towns ; and the literary Branch included a precious CollecStion of claffical Books and Works on Biblio- graphy; but the Departments of Philofophy, Mathematicks, Phyiicks, Travels and Antiquities were very incomplete. Such was the Foundation of the Imperial Library at St. Peterfburg. An Edifice, ordered by Catharine, having been completed in 1801, the Warfaw Library, ftill known at that Time as the Zalufki Colledtion, was removed to its prefent Accommodations. The Coft of the Building, of which our Engraving is a good Reprefentation, was not far from 60,000 Roubles affignat. The Direftion of the Library was at this Time confided to Count StroganoiF, at whofe Death in 1 8 1 1 , it was affigned to the Min- ifter of Publick Inftrudtion. Oloueen, however, was really in charge of the Inftitution from 1 8 1 2 [ 237 ] to 1843, and from that Time to 1849 Bourtourlin held the fame Pofition. In OcStober of the latter Year,| the prefent chief Diredlor was appointed. Baron Korf, a Member of the Council of the Empire, and a Secretary of State. About the fame Time the Emperor began to take a more perfonal Cognizance of the Atfairs of the Library, and accordingly in February, 1850, the Jurifdiftion was tranfFerred from the Minifter of Publick In- ftrudlion to that of the Imperial Houfehold. In the fame Month, the Regulations now in Force concerning the Ufe and Management of the Li- brary, were approved and publiihed. In addition to the eminent Names already mentioned. Count UwarofF, afterwards Prefident of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, and the well known Writers, KrilofF, BatowfhkofF, and Gnaideech, have been at different Times in charge of Portions of the Library. One of the mofl remarkable Departments in this noble CoUedlion of Books, is that of the orien- tal Manufcripts, which, both in Extent and Value, is perhaps unfurpaffed. It owes its Origin to the celebrated Zalufki Library, and many Works flill retain the Annotations of Count John Zalufki. But a flill more important Colledfion of oriental Writings was received foon after the Eftablifhment of the Library at St. Peterfburg. It was that of Dubroffki, who had improved a Refidence of twenty Years in different Capitals of Europe, as a Member of the Ruffian Diplomatick Service, to colled: a [ 238 ] Mafs of Documents and Books, in all Languages and of every Age. The Diforganization of fome of the moft valuable Libraries in France, near the Commencement of the prefent Century, and par- ticularly the Deftruftion of the Baftile, and of the Abbey St. Germain, and other Monafteries, fur- nifhed him with rare Opportunities for the Enlarge- ment of a CoUeftion which was otherwife very rich. On his Return to Ruflla, the Treafures he had accumulated were purchafed by the Emperor Alexander, and placed in the Publick Library. Be- tween 1828 and 1830 five other important Accef- fions were made. The firft was the Library of Ardebil, which had long enjoyed great Renown in Perfia, not fo much for its Size as its Value. It was brought to St. Peterfburg in 1828, and placed by Command of the Emperor, as a Trophy of War, in the Imperial Library. There were in all 166 rare Volumes, comprifing, exclufive of Dupli- cates, 96 different Works. Another Prize gained by the Ruffian Viftories over the Crefcent, was brought to St. Peterfburg in 1829. It was a Col- ledtion of one hundred and forty-eight Volumes, chiefly in Arabick and Turkifh, which were taken by Prince Pafkevitch, at the Mofque Ahmed, in Akhaltfik. In the fame Year, forty-two other Works, a Part captured from the Turks, and a Part purchafed from them by their Conqueror, were likewife incorporated in the Imperial Library. The fourth of the Colledlions to which Allufion has been made, was prefented to the Emperor, in [ 239 ] 1829, by the Perfian Shah, Feth Ali. It included only eighteen Manufcripts, but thefe were in the moft elaborate Style of the caligraphick Art, and were otherwife of high Value. The fifth Collec- tion, numbering fixty-fix Volumes, was taken at the Arfenal of Efkiferai, in Adrianople, and receiv- ed in St. Peterfburg in 1830. Thus it will be feen chat in two Years alone, the Wars of RulTia in the Eaft enriched the publick Li- brary of its Capital with four hundred and twenty Manufcripts of remarkable Value. Among other Means of Increafe,the Miflion of the Greek Church in Pekin has done its full Share, by contributing for many Years fuch Works in the Chinefe and Tartar Languages, as it has been able to procure. In addition, the duplicate Volumes from the Library of the Academy of Sciences in St. Peterfburg, and from the Hermitage, or Imperial Mufeum, have been tranfferred to the Publick Library. In the Year 1831, nearly 8,000 Volumes taken at Poulavy from the Library of the Princes Tchartorifki, and the large Number of 150,000 Volumes taken at Warfaw, when the Ruffians re-eflablifhed their Authority in Poland, were likewife brought to St. Peterfburg, as new Trophies of military Power. Since then, by Donation and Purchafe, the Library has continued to advance, till now in point of Numbers, at leafl, it ranks among the firfl in Eu- rope. The whole Colleftion of Books is now arranged in nineteen Departments, namely : i. Manufcripts; [ 240 ] 2. Works printed in the Ruffian Empire ; 3. Biblio- graphy and hterary Hiftory; 4. Polygraphy ; 5. Philology and ancient Clafficks ; 6. Oriental Writers ; 7. Hiftory and its Auxiliaries; 8. Theology; 9. Jurifprudence ; 10. Philofophy; 11. Belles-Lettres; 12. Fine Arts ; 13. Natural Sciences; 14. Medi- cine; 15. Mathematicks ; 16. Technology and Mechanicks; 17. Incunabula ; 18. Foreign Works relating to Ruffia; 19. Engravings. Among the many admirable Things which have been undertaken by the prefent learned Direftor- in- Chief, Baron Korf, is the CoUedlion of all printed Works which have ever appeared in Ruffia, or pertaining to Ruffia. His Efforts have thus far been highly fucceffful, and through active Agents, he is conftantly augmenting this national Depart- ment. Works of great Age and Rarity, as well as others more modern, which are prohibited by the Cenfor from general Circulation, have been thus quietly collected to the Number of many thoufands. There is no complete printed Catalogue of the Books, although an excellent one in Manufcript is found in the Library. There is alfo a printed Ac- count by Adelung, of the CoUedtion of Dubroffki. In 1852 there was publiffied in French, an admira- ble Catalogue raifonee of the Oriental Manufcripts and Xylographs, which forms a royal odtavo Volume of more than 700 Pages. It muft be remembered that the Study of Oriental Languages is confidered of great Importance in Ruffia, on account of the immenfe Extent of its eaftern Frontier, and the [ 241 ] Variety of Nations with which it is there brought in contadl. The Government does all in its Power to encourage this Branch of Study, and perhaps there is no City in Europe, which in Books and Inftruftors, furnifhes fo good Opportunities for the Profecution of oriental Refearches, fo far, at leaft, as Language is concerned. The Catalogue juft alluded to is underftood to be principally indebted to the Labours of M. Dorn, an oriental Scholar, ftill attached to the Corps of Librarians. Copies of it have been fent, in America, to the Library of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in Bofton, the Smithfonian Inftitution in Wafhington, and the American Oriental Society in New Haven. In 1849 the Library amounted to 451,532 printed Volumes, and 20,689 Volumes of Manufcripts. Of late Years, the official Reports have been annually publiihed in the St. Peterjburger Zeitung, and re- printed in the Serapeum. From thefe Returns the average yearly Acceffions from all Sources, from 1849 to 1857, are found to have been about 8,000 Volumes. The prefent Total is 525,000 Volumes of printed Books ; about 22,000 Volumes of Manu- fcripts in 41 Languages; 30,000 Autographs in 350 diiferent Colleftions ; 40,000 Engravings, and 60,000 Pamphlets. From an official Document lately publifhed at St. Peterfburg, it appears that whilfl the Number of Readers in the Library was only 7,720, it rofe to 17,897 in 1853, to 27,866 in 1856, and to 31,151 in 1857. Note. — The foregoing Account has been compiled mainly from Norton's Literary Gazette, with Additions, and flight Alterations. Gg [ 242 ] I. 243 I ROYAL LIBRARY AT BERLIN. 500,000 Vols. THE Royal Library at Berlin was founded in the Year 1661. It occupies a large Edifice in the Opera Platz, erected for its Ufe in 1780, by the diftinguifhed Frederick the fecond. It is difficult, as indeed it is in all Cafes, to ftate the precife Number of Volumes which it contains, but there are probably not lefs than 500,000 printed Books, befides fomewhat more than 10,000 Manufcripts. The Collection includes Works upon almoft all the Sciences, and in nearly all the Lan- guages, but is perhaps moll: complete in the Sciences. Its oriental Section is very rich, and comprifes the entire Series of Sanfcrit Manufcripts which had been formed by Sir R. Chambers, Chief Juftice of Bengal. The manufcript Department includes alfo feveral Manufcripts of Veyffiere de Lacroze, the celebrated Author of the Lexicon ^Egyptiaco- Latinum. Liberal Appropriations have been made by the Government, during the laft few Years, for the Support of this Library ; and, accordingly, about nine thoufand Volumes have of late Years been annually added to its Numbers. The annual Amount allowed for the Purchafe of Books, is about 10,000 Thalers, and the Sumaffignedfor the other Expenfes of the Inftitution is not far from 1 5,000 Thalers. The Building is wanting in architedural Beauty, owing its Shape, it is faid, to a Whim of [ 244 ] the King, who defired the Architedt to take a Cheft of Drawers for his Model. The Library is open for Confultation on week Days, from nine o'Clock until four, and on Sundays, from nine o'Clock until one. Admiffion is eafily obtained to ufe in the Library fuch Works as it poffeffes, and in addition. Books are loaned to Per- fons conneded with the Univerfity and with the Government, and, under certain Reftridions, to other Individuals who are known to the Library Officers. It is eftimated that the Number of Vol- umes thus loaned from the Library, is between thirty and forty thoufand annually. Dr. Pertz con- tinues to be the head Librarian. Like other large European Inftitutions, this Library poffeffes many rare Incunabula and curious Manufcripts, as well as Books, which are Interefl- ing from the Affociations therewith connected. Among thefe may be mentioned, Luther's Hebrew Bible, the Copy from which he made his Tranfla- tion, with marginal Notes in his own Hand ; the Manufcript of Luther's Tranflation of the Pfalms, with his Corrections in red Ink ; the Bible and Prayer Book which Charles I. carried to the Scaf- fold, and gave before his Death to Bifhop Juxon ; Guttenberg's Bible, Date 1450-55, on Parchment, being the firft Book on which moveable Type was ufed ; a Confular Diptych of Ivory, with Reliefs, Date 416, one of the earlieft known ; the Codex Wittekindii, a Manufcript of the Gofpels of the 9th or loth Century, given, it is faid, by Charle- [ 245 ] magne to Wittekind ; feveral Ivories, or Diptychs of the earlieft Chriftian Times, and of Roman Work; an Album, with fix beautiful miniature Portraits, by Luke Cranach ; feveral block Books ; the Rationale of Durand, on Vellum ; the Aldine Petrarch, &c. The CoUeftion of Hiflorical Por- traits is very large, amounting even in 1851, to nearly 30,000. As a working Library, this is generally regarded as one of the beft, if not the beft, in the World ; certainly no large Library upon the Continent is more efficiently managed. It has no printed Catalogue, but in Place thereof there are two excellent ones in Manufcript, both of which may be freely confulted. One of thefe is alphabetical, extending through 650 Volumes ; the other is claffified, and extends through 256 Volumes. A new claffified Catalogue has been for fome Time preparing, and is now nearly ready for the Prefs. Two printed Catalogues of the Manufcripts have recently been publifhed, in quarto Volumes, with lUuftrations. D w en D X Pi m [ 247 ] LIBRARY OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 575,000 Vols. THE Britifli Mufeum was founded by Sir Hans Sloane, of Chelfea, an eminent Phy- fician, Naturalift and Benefaftor of Learn- ing, who, dying in 1753, bequeathed to the Nation his Colle6tion of Medals and Coins, ancient and modern Antiquities, Seals, Cameos, Drawings and Pictures, and his Library, confifting of 50,000 Volumes of Books and Manufcripts, on Condition of the Payment of £20,000 to his Heirs. The Britifh Parliament accepted this Condition, by an Aft palled in the Month of June, 1753, and by the fame Ad: diredted that the Cottonian Library, a CoUedlion of valuable hiftorical Manufcripts which had been made by Sir Robert Cotton, dur- ing the Reign of Elizabeth and James I., and which had been acquired by Government in the Reign of Queen Anne, £hould be added to the Sloane Colledtion, together with a Library of about 2,000 printed Volumes, called Major Arthur Edwards's Library, which had exifted as an Append- age to the Cottonian Library fince 1738, the Year in which it had been bequeathed to the Truftees by its Proprietor. Thus, a confiderable Addition was made to the book Department of the Sloane Colledlion. But this Department was ordered to be ftill further increafed by the Purchafe for £10,000, of the Harleian Library of Manufcripts, a fplendid Colleftion of about 7,600 Volumes of [ 248 ] Rolls, Charters, and other hiftorical Documents, which had been accumulated by Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, and his Son and Succeffor, Edward Harley. In 1754, Montague Houfe, one of the largeft Manfions in the Metropolis, was appropriated for the Reception of thefe CoUedlions, which have lince gradually been increafed by the Munificence of fucceffive Parliaments, and by Gifts, Bequefts, and Copy-right, conftituting at the prefent Day the great national Inftitution of which the Englifh Nation is fo juftly proud, unrivalled in the Variety, Extent and Ufefulnefs of its Treafures, by any fimilar Inftitution in the World. From the rapid Increafe of the various Collec- tions, and the Infecurity of the old Montague Houfe, a new and more commodious Strudlure for the Bi'itifh Mufeum became neceffary. Accordingly, in 1823, the prefent noble Pile of Buildings, of which our Engraving prefents the principal Front, deligned by Sir Robert Smirke, was commenced, and in the Summer of 1850 completed, at a Coft amounting to nearly £700,000. It is not far from the Centre of London, a little north of Oxford Street, one of the great Arteries of the City. It has Montague Place on the North, Montague Street on the Eaft, Great Ruffell Street on the South, and Charlotte Street and Bedford Square on the Weft. Its Situation is thus admirable for Safety, and for Convenience of Refort from all Parts of London. The different Departrnents of the Britifh Mufeum [ 249 ] are feven in Number, namely : Manufcripts, printed Books, Antiquities, Prints and Drawings, Mineral- ogy and Geology, Zoology, and Botany. To thefe fhould be added the new Reading-room juft com- pleted. All of thefe Departments are under feparate Keepers ; to whom and their Affiftant-keepers and their Affiftants, Attendants and fubordinate Officers, in fuch Strength as the Duties of each Department may require, the Bufmefs of the Mufeum is en- trurted as regards the Care and Prefervation of the Colledlions, and the Accefs of the Publick for the Purpofes of Infpeftion and Study. Some Idea of thef Magnitude of the Mufeum, and of its vaft Re- fources, may be formed by confidering that the whole Expenditure for Purchafes, and for the Maintenance of the Inftitution fince 1755, inde- pendently of the Amount expended on the Build- ings fince 1823, exceeds the Sum of £1,500,000, or nearly eight Millions of Dollars. The annual Receipts of the Inftitution, from parliamentary Grants and the Interefl of private Bequefts, have of late Years been upwards of £50,000. The Receipts for the Year 1 847, as given by Mr. R. W. Pearfon in the Minutes of Evidence before the Commiffion- ers appointed to examine into the Conflitution and Management of the Mufeum, amounted to £53,999 1 3s. 6d. independently of fpecial Grants. Of this Amount £21,041, los. 3d., or upwards of one hundred thoufand Dollars, was expended for Sala- ries. The total Expenditure for the Year ending Hh [ 250 J March 31, 1858, as ftated in Bent's Literary Ad- vertifer, amounted to £85,992, 2S. 9d. Our further Account of the Britifli Mufeum muft be confined to the Library and Manufcripts. In 1837, when Mr. Panizzi became Keeper of the printed Books, the Library contained about 235,000 Volumes. In December, 1849, it was found by aftual Count to number 435,000 Vol- umes. In May, 1851, it contained 460,000 Volumes. At prefent the Library contains 575,000 Volumes of printed Books and 40,000 Volumes of Manufcripts, exclufive of more than 20,000 original Rolls, Charters and Deeds. It has alfo a noble Colledlion of Pamphlets, about 200,000 in Num- ber, including the Colleftions of George Thomafon, who lived in the Time of the Commonwealth, a French Collection of 60,000, publifhed during the French Revolution and the one hundred Days, &c. &c. The following chronological Summary of the more important Donations and Purchafes fince 1753, compiled from Sims's Hand-book to the Library, will ferve to illuflrate its Progrefs and prefent Condition : 1759. A ColleSion of Hebrew Books, chiefly ancient Editions of valuable Works on Jewljh Hijtory, Theology and Jurispru- dence. 180 Volumes. Prejented by Solomon Da Cojla. 1762. A unique ColleSion of Trafls relating to Charles I. and the Com- monwealth. 30,000 Articles. Prejented by George III. 1766. A Colleflion rich in Biography. Bequeathed by Rev. Dr. Birch. 1768. A fine Collefiion of Bibles. Bequeathed by Arthur Onjlow. 1780. A CoUcflion of Englijh Plays, formed by Mr. Garrlck. Purchafed. 1786. A fine Colleffion of clajjical Authors. 900 Volumes. Bequeathed by Mr. [ 251 ] Tyrwhitt. 1790. A Colkaion of biographical Works. 400 Volumes. Prejented by S. W. Mujgrave. 1799. A jpkndid ColleSion, including many rare and valuable Editions of ClaJJicks as well as Italian Authors, amounting to 4500 Volumes. Be- queathed by Rev. C. M. Cracherode. 1799. A further Collec- tion of biographical Works, amounting to about 1500 Volumes. Bequeathed by Sir W. Mujgrave. 18 13. A highly valuable ColleSion of law Books. Purchafed from Francis Hargrave, Efq. 1815. A fine ColleSion of Books on Mufick, forming the Colkaion of Dr. Barney, Author of the Hijtory of Mujick. Purchased. 18 15. A Collection of Books, comprljing 20,000 Volumes, mojlly upon Science, belonging to Baron de Moll. Purchased at Munich. 18 18. A fine Colleflion of printed Books, forming the Library of Dr. Burney, the mojl remark- able of which were Greek ClaJJicks, a Series of Newjpapers, in about 700 Volumes, and Materials for a Hijlory of the Stage. The whole was valued at about 9,000 Guineas. Purchajed by a fpecial parliamentary Grant. 18 18. A fine Colkflion, con- Jijting of 4,391 Articles concerning the Literature of Italy, form- ing the Ginguene ColkSion. Purchafed. 1820. A Jpkndid Library, particularly Rich in Jcientifick Journals, TranJaSions of Societies, and Books on Natural Hijlory. Conjljling of about 16,000 Volumes. Bequeathed by Sir Jojeph Banks. 1823. The magnificent Library, amounting to about 80,000 Volumes, formed by King George III. This Monarch began to colkfl a Library in 1 762, and laid the Foundation for it by the Purchaje of a Library of a very eminent Charafier at Venice, belonging to Conjul Smith, for .£10,000. In 1768, Mr. (afterwards Sir Frederick) Barnard, the Librarian, was dijpatched to the Continent by his Majejly ; and as the Jejuits' Houjes were then being JuppreJJed, and their Libraries fold throughout Europe, he was enabled to purchaje, upon the mojl advantageous Terms, a great Number of valuable Books, including Jbme very remarkable Rarities, in France, in Italy, and in Germany. The entire Colkflion was formed and arranged under the judicious Direflion of Mr. Barnard, aJJiJled by Mr. George Nichol, Bookjelkr to his Majejly for upwards of half a Century. Its entire Cojl was about ^£130, 000. It con- tains SekSions of the rarejl Kind, ejpecially of Jcarce Books which appeared in the firjl Ages of the Art of Printing ; in par- ticular it boajls of nearly forty Volumes printed by Caxton, a [ 252 ] larger Number than can be found In any other Library, with the Exception of Earl Spencer's. It is alfo rich in early Editions of the ClaJTicks, in Englijh Hijlory, and in Italian, French and Spanijh Literature ; and there is likewife a very extenjive Col- leSion of Geography and Topography, and of the TranJaSions of learned Academies. Prefented to the Nation by his Maje/ty George IV. 1825. A remarkable Colkaion of Works relating to the Topography, and to the local as well as general Hijtory of Italy. Prejented by Sir Richard Colt Hoare. 1847. ^ Collec- tion of Chinefc Books of the late Robert Morri/on, EJq., in 11,500 Volumes. Prejented by the Secretary of State for the Foreign Department. 1847. The Library of the Right Honour- able Thomas Grenville, bequeathed in 1846, and removed to the Mujeum in February, 1847. ^^ conjijls of 20,240 Volumes, and cojl upwards of ^654,000. The Books are arranged in a Jepa- rate Apartment ; and for Rarity, judicious Seleftion, and Beauty of Condition, and for the Number of Copies of Books on large Paper, it is equal to any ColleSion of the fame Extent that could be named. Among the many choice Treajures, may be mentioned the Mentz Latin Bible, ufually known as the Maza- rine Bible, by Guttenberg, 2 Volumes on Vellum, printed about the Year 1455 ; Livy, by Sweynheim and Pannartz, printed in 1469, the unique Copy of the flrjl Edition, on Vellum (purchased in 1 8 15 for 860 Guineas) ; the firjl Edition of Ovid, by Azzo- guidi ; a Copy of the Aldine Virgil of 1505 ; a Jplendid Set of De Bry's Voyages ; an uncut Copy of Purchas's Pilgrims ; a flrjl Shakjpeare, 1623, one of the finejl known ; and a remark- able Series of the early Editions of Orlando Furiofo. 1848. The ColleSion of Hebrew Literature formed by Dr. Michael, of Ham- burg, conjijling of 4420 Volumes of Bibles, Commentaries, jcientifick Works, and Documents illujlrative of the HiJIory of the Jews. Purchafed. The mojl recent Addition has been, a vajl and Jyjlematick Seleftion of Books in every Department of Lite- rature, and in all Languages, chofen with jpecial Reference to the previous Deficiencies of the Library, as they were ajcertained on a careful Survey in 1843, ^'^^ described in Mr. Panizzi's elaborate Report of January I, 1845. The Department of Manufcripts in the Britijh Mujeum is not lejs valuable and important than that of the printed Books. It embraces Jeveral dijtinS ColleSions, as follows : (i.) The [ 253 ] Royal CoUediion, prcfented to the Nation by George II., in 1757. It contains 1950 Volumes. Among tlieje precious Manujcripts is the Codex Alexandrinus,a Prejcnt from Cyril, Patriarch of Con- Jlantinople, to King Charles I. It is in four quarto Volumes, written upon fine Vellum, in uncial Charaflcrs, probably between the fourth and Jixth Centuries, and is believed to be the mojl ancient Manujcript of the Greek Bible now extant. (2.) The Cottonian CoUeiSion, 900 Volumes, purchajed in 1700, and added to the Britljh Mujcum in 1753. It is ejpecially rich In hijlorical Documents, from the Time of the Saxons to that of James I. (3.) The Harleian ColleSion, 7,639 Volumes, pur- chafed in 1753, for jGiOjOOO. (4.) The Sloane Collefilon, 4,100 Volumes, obtained in 1753. This comprises the chief of Kaempfer's Manujcripts, and aljb 30 Volumes of Dr. Sloane's Corrcjpondence, Drawings of Animals, &c. (5.) The LanJ"- downe ColleSion, 1245 Volumes, acquired in 1807. (6.) The Hargrave ColleSion, 499 Volumes, purchajed in 18 13, for je8,ooo. (7.) The Burney Colleflion, 524 Volumes, purchajed in 1817. (8.) The King's CoUefilon, 438 Volumes, acquired in 1823. (9.) The Egerton CoUeftlon, 1613 Volumes, acquired in 1829. (10.) The Arundel ColleSion, 550 Volumes, acquired in 1831 ; valued at ^£3,560. (n.) The additional Manujcripts, as they are called. Theje conjijl of Jmaller ColleSions, acquired by Purchaje or Gift, and are conjlantly increa/ing. Among the more important Additions of the lajl few Years, may be noticed the Jplendid Bible, in 2 Volumes, of Charlemagne ; the celebrat- ed Bedford Mijfal, executed for John, Duke of Bedford, Regent of France under Henry VI.; the Correjpondence and other Pa- pers relating to the Captivity of Napoleon and St. Helena ; and a remarkable Series of Papers of the Florentine Family of Gual- terio, extending to about 400 Volumes, and rich in Materials for Italian Hijlory during the lajl Century. The following Account, abridged from Norton's Literary Regifter of 1854, will enable one to com- prehend at a Glance the general Charader and Arrangements of the library and manufcript De- partments of the Britilh Mufeum : The Library opens out of the Hall on the right [ 254 J Hand or eaft Side. On entering, we find ourfelves in a handfome Room, 73 Feet long by 33 Feet wide, devoted to the fplendid Collecflion of the Right Hon. Thomas Grenville. It confifts chiefly of rare Editions and Copies of the Clafficks, many of them unique, all beautifully bound, and in the fineft Condition. To feveral of the Books, Notes, in Mr. Grenville's Hand- writing, are attached; fhowing at once the great Value of the Bequeft, and his own extenfive Learning and unwearying Energy and Liberality in the Acquirement of his biblio- graphical Treafures. On the right-hand Side of the Room is a Buft of Mr. Grenville, prefented by Sir David Dundas; and a Table where, as in the Hall, fhort Guide-books to the Library may be purchafed for two Pence. On the left, in handfomely carved glazed Cafes, are exhibited two Copies of the cele- brated Mazarine Bible, the firft Book, as well as the firft Bible ever printed with moveable Types, the one on Vellum, belonging to the Grenville Colledlion, and having been purchafed for little fhort of £500 ; the firft Pfalter, being the firft Book with a Date and the earlieft Example of Printing in Colours, and various other Rarities. From the Grenville Room we enter the manu- fcript Department, alarge and heavy-looking Room, whofe dingy Walls and blackened Ceiling — Stran- gers to Whitewafh for three-and-twenty Years — give it a Sort of folemn, grim, literary Look, that confiderably enhances the Efi?ed: of the beautiful and interefling Relicks difplayed in its Cafes. On [ ^55 ] either Side of the Door are Cafes containing Auto- graphs of great and diflinguiflied Men. In one Divifion may be feen original Letters of all the great Reformers; in another, thofe of Englifh Kings ; in a third, thofe of Newton, Locke, Bacon, Pope, &c. In one, the bold, dafhing Signature of Rupert ; in another the ftubborn Hand of Oliver Cromwell. One Cafe is devoted to Charters of moft of the early Englifh Sovereigns (including one of William the Conqueror), another to the Letters of foreign Princes — Napoleon, Peter the Great, Louis XIV., and many more ; and ftill another is filled with various eaftern Manufcripts, chiefly in- tended to illuftrate the Variety of Materials ufed for writing, viz.: Bark, Leaves, Wood, Gold, Sil- ver, &c., and containing fome Perfian and Chinefe Paintings of extraordinary Finifh and Brightnefs. To the left of this, againft the Wall, is an upright Cafe containing an ancient Latin Manufcript of the Bible, fuppofed to have been the Property of Charlemagne ; while immediately oppofite are two Rolls of the Hebrew Scripture in a fimilar Cafe. In two Table-cafes, right and left of the Door, leading out of the Room, which we now approach, are feveral Manufcripts of almoft pricelefs Value. The moft remarkable, though far from the moft beautiful of thefe, is the celebrated Codex Alexan- drinus, the moft ancient Copy of the Greek Bible known to exift. Belide it is the no lefs famous Durham Book, being a Copy of the Scriptures in Latin, with a Commentary in Anglo-Saxon, illu- minated in a moft wonderfully elaborate and beau- [ 256 ] tiful Style, and fuppofed to have been written be- tween the Years 690 and 720. But the fineft of all thefe Treafures is in the right-hand Table-cafe. It is a fplendid Manufcript of Valerius Maximus, illuminated in a Style of furpaffing Beauty and Richnefs, and exciting Aflonifhment, no lefs by the vivid Colouring of the Scenes than by the extreme Accuracy and Finifh of the Drawing. We need fcarcely add, that its Value is ineftimable. In the next Compartment are two or three of the exqui- fitely illuminated MifTals, " by monkyffhe Labourre wroughte." Faffing between two lofty oak Doors, beautifully inlaid with Bronze, we next enter the Royal or King's Library. This magnificent Gallery is of confiderable, perhaps difproportionate Length, mea- furing from Door to Door no lefs than 300 Feet, and occupying the remaining Fortion of the eaft Wing. It is 41 Feet in Width, except in the middle Compartment, where it increafes to i;8 Feet, and is 30 Feet in Height — the uniform Ele- vation of the whole Suit of Rooms. The Floor is of polifhed Oak, handfomely inlaid; and the Ceiling, efpecially in the Centre, richly decorated. All the PrefTes on the ground Floor are protedled by trellis Doors of brafs Wire, which, with the bright brafs Railing of the Galleries, add very much to the Appearance of this fplendid Library. In each Recefs caufed by the additional Width of the Centre are two Corinthian Columns of polifhed Granite, valued at £ i ,000 each ; the Shafts being [ '^S'7 J fingle Blocks nearly 20 Feet high, and 2 Feet 6 Inches in Diameter, This Room contains the Library of King George III., prefented by George IV, to the Britifh Nation, In Table-cafes on both Sides of the Centre are Ihown various Objedts of typographical and bibliographical Intereft. On one Side is a Compartment devoted to early Hebrew- Books ; on the other, a fimilar Compartment filled v^^ith Aldine Claflicks on Vellum, and numerous other Treafures, A Catalogue of this noble Col- leftion, including the Maps and Charts, prepared by the Librarian, Sir F. A. Barnard, vv^as publifhed in 1820-29, in 6 Volumes imperial folio. Along the whole Length of the King's Library, on its eaftern Side, but rifing no higher than the Window- fills, is a fupplementary Gallery, lately eredted; called very appropriately the Long Room. It is devoted to the recent and daily augmenting Accef- fions to the General Library, From the King's Library we pafs into a Vefi:i- bule whence a Staircafe leads up to the Natural Hiftory Department, and a Door, which faces us, into the eaftern or firft Reading-room. Thither the Publick are prevented from intruding by a Barrier, Turning fharp to the left, we enter the firft Room of the General Library. This is in Part occupied by the Colleftion bequeathed by Sir Jo- feph Banks, It is a Room of moderate Size, but giving, like the fucceeding Rooms, with one Ex- ception, an Impreflion of unnecefiTary Darknefs as well as Lofs of Space above the gallery Book-cafes. [ 258 ] The next Room in which we find ourfelves, and which we enter from the Bankfian Room, at the foutheaft Corner, is called the Great or Large Room — a fufficiently obvious Appellation. It is a Saloon of coloffal Dimenfions, though much broken up by the Receffes on each Side, the Projedions forming which are terminated by fquare Pillars fupporting the Roof It meafures 80 Feet long and 90 Feet wide, and occupies the whole Depth of the north Front, {o that it is lighted with Win- dows on both Sides. All along the Barriers are placed glafs Cafes, containing bibliographical Rari- ties of greater or lefs Value. Here are to be feen Coverdale's Bible, the firft complete Edition of the Scriptures in Englifh ; The Game and Play of the Cheffe, the firft Book printed in England, having been ifiTued from Caxton's Prefs in 1474 ; the firft Edition of Chaucer's Book of the Tales of Can- terburye, of which only two perfect Copies are known ; and many other Objedls of the greateft Intereft. At the fouthweft Corner of the Large Room, and on our left as we pafs out, is a Door leading to the Cracherode Room, which is oppofite to, and of the fame Dimenfions as the Bankfian Room above noticed. It contains principally the Library bequeathed by the Rev. Dr. Cracherode, very rich in Claflicks ; and the Collection called the King's Pamphlets, a Mafs of Tradls and curious Works, printed for the moft Part about the Middle of the 17th Century, and chiefly relating to the Affairs [ 259 ] of the Nation at that Period, prefented by George II. We next pafs through two Rooms, called refpedt- ively the Firft and Second Supplementary Rooms, in which there are chiefly to be noticed four Cafes, containing Books with the Autographs of illuftri- ous Men, viz : Shakefpeare, Ben Jonfon, Bacon, Luther, Voltaire, &c., and three others filled with Specimens of ancient Binding, fome of them very elaborate. A Door from the fouth Side of the Second Supplementary Room leads into the Egypt- ian Antiquity Gallery, or weft Wing of the Build- ing. Laft of all we come to the arched Room, the Termination of the Suit of Rooms forming the Library and the north Front of the Mufeum. The double Galleries of this handfome Apartment pro- duce an Impreffion of additional Height, while their pierced iron Floors and the arching of the Piers of the Receffes give the Room an Appearance of Lightnefs and Elegance which fhow it in favour- able Contraft with the others. The chief Officers of the library and manu- fcript Department of the Britifh Mufeum confifl, Jirji, of a principal Librarian or Warden, who ex~ erciles a general Superintendence over the whole Eftablifhment, fees that the Duties of the other Officers are feverally performed, grants temporary Admiffion to the Publick, and carries into effect the Orders of the Truftees. This Poft, which was occupied for more than fifty Years by Sir Henry [ 26o ] Ellis, has been recently filled by Antonio Panizzi ; Jecondly, a Keeper of the printed Books, J. Winter Jones ; thirdly, a Keeper of the Manufcripts, Sir Frederick Madden. New Reading Room. — This vaft Structure, which has been completed within the paft three Years, at a Coft of £150,000, occupies an Area of 48,000 fquare Feet, its Site being the internal Quadrangle of the Mufeum. It was commenced in 1854, and firft opened to the Publick on the 1 8th of May, 1857. The Building does not oc- cupy the whole Quadrangle, there being a clear In- terval of from 27 to 30 Feet all round, to give Light and Air to the furrounding Buildings. The Read- ing Room is circular, with a Dome 140 Feet in Diameter and 106 Feet high. The Building is conflrudied principally of Iron, with brick Arches between the main Ribs, fupported by 20 iron Piers. It contains ample and comfortable Accommoda- tions for 300 Readers, each Perfon having alloted to him a Space of 4 Feet 3 Inches long, with Defks, folding Shelves for fpare Books, &c. The Cafes for Books are formed of galvanized Iron, the Plates or Shelves being covered with Leather to prevent injury to the Bindings. The Building contains 3 Miles of Book-cafes, 8 Feet high, thus forming 25 Miles of Shelving, fpaced for the ave- rage ocflavo Size. The Books in the Mufeum occupy already upwards of 40 Miles of Shelving. The Decorations throughout are exceedingly ele- [ 26i J gant, light Colours and the pureft Gilding having been preferred. The main Entrance into the New Reading Room is diredl from the great Hall, and there are fecondary Entrances for the Officers from the King's Library, and the great Northern Library Rooms, through which all Books are conveyed to the Centre of the Reading Room, whence they are diftributed. The Amalgamation of the feveral Catalogues of the printed Books, which are drawn up on various Plans, into one manufcript Catalogue on a uniform Plan, is proceeding rapidly. One third of the Alphabet, to the Letter I, has already been com- pleted, comprifing 623 folio Volumes. The whole will form when finiflied, a manufcript Catalogue of about 2000 folio Volumes. The Preparation of this Herculean Work is under the refponfible Superintendence of Mr. J. Winter Jones, the Suc- ceffor of Mr. Panizzi in the Keeperfhip of the Department of printed Books. The Truftees of the Britifh Mufeum, having fucceeded in providing for the Publick a Reading- room fuperiour in its Conftruftion and Appoint- ments to all other Buildings of the fame Clafs, have wifely placed its Management in the Hands of one of the chief Officers of the Library, who, in addition to his general Duties, is charged with the fpecial Duty of affifting the Readers in their Refearches. This Gentleman, pofleffing a large Store of mifcellaneous Information, an extenfive [ 262 ] Acquaintance with the Languages and Literature of modern Europe, and an intimate Knowledge of the Contents of the Library, is eminently qualified to difcharge the Duties confided to him to the great Advantage of the Readers. The Prefles under the Gallery are filled with a large Library of reference Books for the Ufe of the Readers, comprifing moft of the ftandard Works on the various Branches of Learning, and an ex- tenfive Colleftion of Diftionaries of all Languages, biographical Works, Encyclopedias, parliamentary Hiflories, topographical Works, &c., &c. Thefe Books, which are about 40,000 in Number, are regarded as "indifpenfably neceffary to Students of all Denominations." They can be confulted at pleafure, without the Trouble of filling up Tickets, as for other Books. A Catalogue of a Portion of them is given in Sims's Hand-book, to which reference has already been made. The Reading Room is open, with the Exception of Holidays, &c., from 9 till 4 in the Months of November, December, January, and February ; from 9 till 5 in the Months of September, Odiober, March, and April ; and from 9 till 6 in the Months of May, June, July and Auguft, except on Satur- days when itclofes at 5. The Number of Readers for the Year 1856, was 53,209, or an Average of 181 per Diem ; the Number of Volumes read or confulted, was 344,358, or ] 175 per Diem. The Britiih Mufeum is open to publick View on Mon- days, Wednefdays, and Fridays, from 10 till 4 dur- [ 263 ] ing January, February, November, and December; from, ID till 5 during March, April, September, and Odtober; and from lo till 6 during May, June, July, and Augufl. As a Sequel to this Account of the Library and Reading-room of the Britifh Mufeum, the follow- ing excellent Article, giving Details of their daily Management, will be found to be exceedingly ufe- ful, fuggefting to every intelligent Librarian in- valuable Arrangements, even for Libraries of the moft limited Extent. It is taken from the May Number of the North Britifh Review for 1851. The Bufinefs of the Library is clafled under three Heads — Acquilitions, Catalogues, and Arrange- ment ; to which are added. Service of the Read- ing-room, Regiftration, Binding, &c. L Acquisitions. Books enter the Mufeum Library by three Channels, viz: by Copyright, by Purchafe, and by Prefentation. By the recent copyright Ad an Advantage is conferred upon the Britifh Mufeum which is not enjoyed by the other four Libraries of publick Depofit ; that is to fay, the Mufeum is not obliged to demand Works, but the London Publifhers are bound to deliver their Books within one Month of Publication, and thofe refiding in the Country within three. For the Reception of Works fo dehvered, an Office is fitted up where a Perfon is in conftant Attendance to give the ne- ceffary Receipts. Thefe Receipts are drawn up on [ 264 ] a printed Form, the Particulars peculiar to each Work — fuch as the Title, Number of the Volume, Size, Date, Place of Printing, and Publication, &CC. — being filled up in Duplicate by Wedgwood's Manifold Writer. Of this Receipt the Dupli- cate is kept by the Mufeum, and thus forms not only a Check upon the Publifher, but alfo upon the Receiver, and a Regifter of the Receipts under the copyright A(fl. In the Library everything is fyftematized as much as poffible ; the Confequence is, that little Time is lofl in giving Dired:ions. Every one knows his Duty, and knows at the fame Time that he muft perform it. There are two Peculiarities in Mr. Panizzi's Arrangements ; one is, that each Part is made to depend more or lefs upon the Reft, fo that Derangement in one Quarter is fure to be felt in another, and thus Negleit is at once de- tedted. The other is, that, wherever it is poffible, one Procefs is made to anfwer two or three Pur- pofes. The Mode of giving Receipts is one In- ftance of the latter Peculiarity, and we fhall have Occafion to point out others as we proceed. Purchafes are effefted either by diredl Orders, or in the Way of Seleftion from Books fent in for Ap- proval. This Duty refts folely with the Keeper of the Department, who alone is authorized to de- cide in the firft Inftance what Works fhall be added to the Colleftion. The Truftees, however, pofTefs a Veto upon the Purchafe of even the fmalleft Work. All Parcels of Books are accom- [ 265 ] panied by an Invoice. The Contents of each Parcel are checked by the Invoice, and then exa- mined by the Keeper, who makes his Seledtion — rejecting all fuch as he thinks it inexpedient to purchafe either on the Ground of Price or Condi- tion. The Invoice is then corrected, by ftriking out from it all fuch as have been fo rejected ; and the Books retained are handed over to an Attendant in order that the Catalogues may be fearched for the Purpofe of afcertaining that the Books pro- pofed to be retained are not already in the Library, When this Procefs has been carefully gone through, and the Invoice again weeded, by ftriking out all fuch as are found to be already in the Colleftion, a Bill is made out by the Bookfeller from the Invoice as finally corrected, and the Books retained are again compared with the Bill, which is fubmitted to the Keeper a few Days before a Meeting of the Truftees. At the Foot of the Bill, the Keeper writes an Order for Payment, and the Bill fo fub- fcribed is laid before the Truftees, and, if approved by them, they make their Order authorizing Pay- ment. In the Cafe of Books which from their extreme Rarity, from being printed on Vellum, or from any other Caufe,do not come within the Clafs of ordinary Acceflions to a Library, a fpecial Report from the Keeper of the Department, is required by the Truftees, ftating the Grounds upon which it is confidered advifable that the Article in queftion fhould be added to the Colledtion. Thefe Reports are not Kk [ 266 ] mere Matters of Form. A Colledtion of fuch Documents would prove a moft curious and valu- able Addition to bibliographical Literature. The Truftees, although actuated by a liberal Spirit in this Refpedt, occafionally exercife their Power of Rejedlion. But it muft be prefumed that the Recommendation of their Officers always has great Weight, the Truftees being well aware that the Defirablenefs or Non-deiirablenefs of an Objed: muft be judged of in Connexion with the particu- lar Collecftion to which it is propofed that it'fhould be added, and not upon its own individual Merits. For this Reafon it is, that no Work can be confi- dered too coftly for the Britifh Mufeum Library, provided the Price be not excellive. The Art of Printing has its Hiftory, like every other Art, and its Hiftory requires lUuftration, like the Hiftory of every other Art. The Hiftory of Printing is the Hiftory of civil and religious Freedom. When Providence determined that mental Darknefs fhould be removed, Man was made the Worker-out of his own Emancipation, by the Infpiration of the Dif- covery of Printing. This was a fecond Creation of Light. If we give to the Hiftory of Printing the Importance it really pofTefTes, and regard great Libraries, like that of the Britifh Mufeum, as the Depofitories of the Evidences of • its miraculous Progrefs and Effefts — then a Fragment of a Dona- tus, a Caxton, an early Edition of a Bible, a firfl Edition of a Claffick, or the firfl Produdlions of the Printing Prefs in the United States, Mexico, [ 26; ] California, Auftralia, or the Sandwich Iflands, ceafe to be Curiofities, and take their defervedly prominent Place in the Hiftory of Civilization. In feledling the Acceffions to be made to the Library of the Britilh Mufeum, this Illuftration of the Paft has been kept conftantly in View, at the fame Time that every Effort has been made to give the current Literature of all Countries a Place on the Shelves of the Inftitution. It muft not be affumed that every, or indeed any Clafs is perfed:. For fuch a Confummation two Conditions are indifpenfable — unlimited Funds, and unlimited Space. An Approximation might be made to the firft Requifite, for to the Honour of Parliament in general, and of Mr. Hume in particular, be it ^oken, every Difpofition has been fhown to make Grants in the moft liberal Spirit. But Space is another Queftion. Walls of five Feet in Thicknefs are not of rapid Growth ; and if they were, Bed- ford Square and Upper Montague Place exercife a rather powerful Veto upon any very extenfive Ramification. We have, however, great Reliance upon the Refources and Energy of the prefent Keeper of the printed Books, upon the Readinefs of the principal Librarian to fupport, and of the Truftees to adopt any Suggeftion for the Improve- ment of the noble Inflitution the Affairs of which they adminifter ; and we do not defpair to fee the Library reprefent in a complete Form, not only the fcientifick and polite Literature of the United King- dom, but of the whole World. [ 268 J Prefented Works are laid before the Truftees at the monthly Meetings, and Thanks ordered in the ufual Manner in fuch Cafes. The next Procefs is to attach to each Part or Volume a Mark by which it fhall be diftinguifhed as the Property of the Mufeum. This is now ef- fefted by impreffing at the Beginning of the Book the Mufeum Stamp, and at the End the Date of the Day, Month and Year, when the Bill was figned for Payment by the Keeper of the Li- brary. We have before obferved that whenever it is pradlicable, one Procefs is always made to fub- ferve more Purpofes than one — and this Stamping of the Books is another Inftance of it. It is a Proof in the firft Place that the Book has been paid for, and is thus in every Senfe the Property of the Truftees ; and, fecondly, the Bills being kept in chronological Order, Reference can be imme- diately made to them from any Book of which it may be delired to afcertain the Price, or of whom purchafed. Books obtained by Copyright are ftamped in like Manner by the Perfon who receives them. Ink of three different Colours is ufed in ftamp- ing Books, for the three different Modes of Acqui- fition — red, indicating that a Book was purchafed; blue, that it came by Copyright ; and yellow, that it was prefented. [ 269 J II. Catalogues. Having thus fhewn how Books are acquired and ftamped, we fhall now proceed to the important Detail of Cataloguing. And here we muft beg our Readers not to be alarmed by this awful Word Cataloguing — a Word fuggeftive of laborious Refearch and mechanical Care and Precifion to an Extent fufpedted by few. It is far from our In- tention to enter into the Subjefb of claffed and alphabetical Catalogues, or to attempt to decide the Queftion between long and fhort Titles. Thefe are Matters which have already been produdlive of too many Scratches and hard Knocks to hafty Vol- unteers in this dangerous Field. For the Purpofe of forming the Catalogue, feveral Gentlemen pofTeffing peculiar Qualifications are employed in the Library. All are Linguifts to a confiderable Extent, fome poffeffing this Accom- plifhment in a more than ordinary Degree. In a Library like that of the Britifh Mufeum, where the Literature of every Country in the World, and of every Age is reprefented, it is of courfe the Duty of the Authorities to fee that there fhall be found in it Perfons capable of defcribing Works of fuch varied Character. This Duty has not been negledled. . One Cataloguer attends folely to the Chinefe Books ; another when requifite to Oriental Works ; a third to Hebrew and rabbinical Litera- ture ; a fourth devotes his Attention to the Maps ; a fifth, in addition to other Duties, catalogues the [ 270 ] Mufick and Slavonick Works; while Books in Latin, Greek, French, Italian, Spanifh, Portuguefe, Ger- man, Dutch, Danifh, and Swedilli, find ready- Hands for regiftering their Contents. Great Efforts are made to fecure Uniformity of Plan in cataloguing, fo far as that mofl defirable Ohjed; is attainable. For this Purpofe a Code of Rules has been drawn up, and revifed and fand:ion- ed by the Truftees. Obje6tions have been brought againft thefe Rules on the Ground of their Num- ber and Minutenefs ; but as no Objedlor has yet fhewn how fix Perfons can be brought to catalogue in one and the fame Manner, Books which may be catalogued fix different Ways, unlefs they are told which of the fix Ways they are to follow, we think we are at Liberty to adopt the Views fo fully explained by Mr. Panizzi in his Evidence before the Commillioners on the Britifh Mufeum, wherein he brings his own matured Experience to bear with overwhelming Force upon the Fancies of his Opponents. When a Book is catalogued it is paffed over to a Revifer, whofe Duty it is to fee that all the Rules laid down for cataloguing have been duly obferved. This is a Work of no flight Labour and Refponfi- bility, and it is intrufl:ed to thofe only who have had great Experience, and have fhewn much Care and Skill as Cataloguers. This may be regarded as an Excefs of Caution, but it has been found ad- vifable in Pracftice. It is evident that there will occur Differences of Opinion in the Interpretation [ 271 ] of Rules, however clearly and ftrid:ly worded, and that when feveral Perfons work independently of each other, although under the fame Rules, Dif- crepancies will be found which muft be reconciled. This is one of the chief Duties of the Revifers. The Keeper of the Department is the ultimate Referee in all Cafes of Difficulty. Thefe Difcre- pancies occur moil; frequently in the Titles of anonymous Works; and we muft here give in our Adhefion to the Opinion expreffed by more than one Witnefs before the Commiffioners, viz., that there (hould be one fimple and uniform Rule, for cataloguing anonymous Books ; the firft Word or the firft Subftantive of the Title is better than any other, becaufe it is more fimple than any other; but let there be one Rule — let that Rule be one that can be uniformly adopted, and let there be plenty of Crofs- references from what are termed leading Words of the Title ; as Crofs-references thefe leading Words enable us to find the Book, but they only lead us aftray in Proportion to their Number, when one is feledled for the main Entry of the Work. III. Arrangement. The Books being catalogued and revifed, the next Care is to arrange them on the Shelves. This is a very important Procefs, and one the Execution of which requires a vaft amount of general In- formation, and a Knowledge of not lefs than twelve Languages. In the Library of the Mufeum [ 272 ] the Objeftion to Claffification extends no farther than to the Catalogue. The Books are arranged in fix great Claffes, viz : i. Rehgion. 2. Jurif- prudence. 3. Philofophy. 4. Arts and Trades. 5. Hiftory. 6. Literature. The Subdivifions un- der each of thefe Claffes are ftriftly and even mi- nutely obferved. We regret that our limited Space forbids our entering more into Detail upon this Branch of our Subjedl, as it is one of great Intereft and Utility, and is that Part of the Arrangement of the Library which is far from being the leaft creditable to the Gentlemen engaged in carrying it out. The Library is divided into Preffes, each of w^hich has a Number ; the Shelves of each Prefs are diftinguiflied by a Letter of the Alphabet, and the Place of each Book on a Shelf is indicated by a Number; thus, 573 c 13, means the thirteenth Book on the third or c Shelf of Prefs 573. When the prefent Library was eredted, the Numbers of the Preffes were carried on from thofe of the King's Library, and when a fupplementary Room to the new Library was built, the Numbers were again carried on, thus forming a regular Series from i to 1 6 1 8. A natural Confequence of this Arrangement has been that the fame Clafs of Books will be found in more Places than one, it being evident that when all the fpare Room left between one Clafs and another has been filled up, a frefh Locality mufi: be afligned to fubfequent Acquifitions in the fame Clafs. In order to avoid this Inconvenience [ 273 J as far as poffible, a new Plan has been introduced into a fupplementary Library recently ered:ed. The Numbers of the Preffes are no longer in immediate Sequence, thus — fuppofing the firft Prefs to be numbered 2000, and that the Works under the Clafs Religion occupy two Preffes, twenty Numbers may neverthelefs be allotted to this Clafs. The firft three Numbers would then be 2000, 2001, 2020. When a third Prefs was required for theological Works, inftead of placing them in an- other Part of the Library, the Books in the Prefs called 2020, together with its Number, would be moved on to the next Prefs, and the Prefs occupied by 2020 would be called 2002. By this Procefs all the Works belonging to one Clafs may be kept together for a longer Period than was prad:icable under the old Syftem. This Arrangement involves two indifpenfable Conditions, viz : plenty of Room and that all the Preffes fhould be exad:ly of the fame Size. This is called the expanfive Syftem. An expanfive Syftem, but of a different Charac- ter, has alio been applied to the periodical Publica- tions, and to the Maps. This Plan confifts in attaching a Number to the Book or Map, but not to the Locality in which it is placed ; the Numbers in thefe Inftances, alfo, not being in immediate Sequence. Thus the Periodicals may be marked I, i^, 10, 15, 20, &c., leaving the Intervals to be filled up by future Acquifitions ; the Advantage of which is, that thofe of a particular Characfter and LI [ 274 ] Country can be kept together, without interfering with the Sequence of Numbers. The Maps, requiring more minute Claffification alfo, demand a more complicated Syftem of mark- ing. The following is the Mode adopted : The CoUeftion is arranged geographically. All the folded Maps, comprifing almoft the entire Collec- tion, are kept in light millboard Cafes, fomewhat refembling folander Cafes. Maps of the World, of the great Divifions of the Globe, and of par- ticular Countries or Localities, form what are termed Claffes, and no two Claffes are allowed to be placed in the fame Cafe. Thefe Claffes are numbered, but not in regular Sequence, Intervals being left for additional Claffes. Maps of the fame Clafs are arranged in the Cafes chronologi- cally, and numbered, but not in regular Sequence, Intervals being left greater or fmaller according to the Date to be provided for ; thus, fewer Numbers are left open between 1500 and 1600 than between 1600 and 1700, it being very properly confidered that the Acceflion of Maps printed in the feven- teenth Century will be much larger than of thofe printed in the fixteenth. The Books, when catalogued and revifed, are forted into their feveral Claffes and Subdivifions ; thefe Parcels fo forted are carried to their refpedlive Localities, and arranged on their proper Shelves, the Titles remaining in the Books. When the Books are placed, an Attendant marks the Books [ ^1S J and their refpeftive Titles with the Prefs-mark proper to each, throwing each Title as he marks it into a box. When the Book is marked the next Procefs is to attach the Prefs-mark to the Back of it. Thefe Prefs-marks are printed on Paper of various Tints, to match the different coloured Leathers ufed in Binding. They are printed in large Sheets and cut out with a Stamp of an oval Shape. The Number of the Prefs is attached to the upper Part of the Back of the Book, the Mark for the Shelf, and Number of the Shelf, to the lower Part of the Back. This Plan faves a great Deal of Time. Before its Introdudtion, the Place of a Book could not be afcertained without open- ing it — now it is only neceffary to look at the Back, and its proper Locality is {