:swSOT|j''''W: M ^M/yyCXi m$^mmmmm^mm /aok.f|ll7. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I. — Antecrdents of the University 7 CHAPTER II. — The College Precursor of the University 23 CHAPTER III. — The Inauguration of the University 36 CHAPTER IV.— Berkeley 65 CHAPTER V. — The Years of Internal Growth 109 CHAPTER VI. — The Expansion of the University 138 CHAPTER VII.— The Academic Colleges 167 CHAPTER VIII.— The College of the Fine Arts 218 CHAPTER IX. — The Astronomical Department of the University . . 225 CHAPTER X. — The Professional Colleges 244 CHAPTER XL— The School of the Useful Arts 285 CHAPTER XII —The Regents and the Finances 288 CHAPTER XIII.— The Students of the University 305 CHAPTER XIV. — The Alumni of the University 323 APPENDIX. — Lists of Regents, Faculties, Graduates and Students ; Statistics of Faculties and Students ; Statistics of High Schools anp Accrepited Private Schools 331 LL hail ! thou Western World I by heaven designed The example bright to renovate mankind! Soon shall thy sons across the mainland roam And claim on far Pacific's shore a home, Their rule, religion, manners, arts convey And spread their freedom to the Asian sea, Towns, cities, fanes shall lift their towering pride, The village bloom on every streamlet's side, Proud commerce's mole the Western surges lave, The long, white spire lie imaged on the wave. Where marshes teemed with death shall meads unfold. Untrodden cliffs resign their stores of gold; Where slept perennial night shall science rise, And new-born Oxfords cheer the evening skies. Written ia 1794 by TIMOTHY DWIGHT, President of }\,lc Cnllcgc, ijg^-iSij. PREFACE THE CONCEPTION of this book was with the publisher of it, Mr. Frank H. Dukesmith. To his zeal and enterprise, also, is owing its successful publication. There has been much that was discouraging during the time of its preparation, but he has been unfaltering in meeting and overcoming all obstacles. He has been most ready to respond to any suggestions looking to the improvement of the work. The Author cannot do less than gratefully acknowledge the patience, energy, and enterprise that have characterized his actions throughout. The debt of gratitude which the Author owes to many of the officers of the University he can only acknowledge in a general way. Data and material have come from many sources. But he must particularize, for special favors, Professor Charles W. Slack, Professor C. L. Goddard, Professor A. A. D'Ancona, Professor William M. Searb}', Professor George C. E)dwards, Professor Thomas R. Bacon, Professor Armin O. L,euschner, Mr. William D. Armes, Mr. J. Ross Martin, Mr. James Sutton, Mr. W. A. McKowen, and Mr. Frederick W. Koch. Errors and omissions have doubtless been occasioned by the failure of some persons to respond to urgent requests for information which they alone could adequately give. The exigencies of publication, too, required that the pages should be printed off almost as rapidly as they were written. There has, consequently', been no opportunity for revision and readjustment. The disadvantage under which the Author has thus labored will be obvious. He asks the indulgence that may be accorded because of this circumstance. WILLIAM CAREY JONES. Berkei^Ey, Cai^ifornia, March 23, 1895. CHAPTER I ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. /''California was fortunate to have within its varied population, ^-^ when the year 1849 arrived, a strong contingent that was steadfast and devoted in the determination to upbuild a State with all its elements of civil and social order. This contingent was composed both of men who had come immediately after the news of the Con- quest, in 1846, and of many in that great multitude which had been drawn westward by the fascinating discovery of California's new-found source of wealth. These colonists of the new Canaan had their resolute representation in the Convention which, in September, 1849, met at Monterey for the purpose of providing an organic basis for the needed settlement and incorporation of the interests of the community. It was this honored body of able men that wrought the admirable Constitution, under which, on September 9, 1850, Cali- fornia became, in the view of the law, a constituent member of the American nation. Chief among its provisions for the social order, the Constitution made simple, generous and elastic arrangements for the development of a symmetrical system of education. It laid upon the legislative department of the State the solemn injunction to encourage by all suitable means the intellectual and moral improvement of the com- munity ; it directed the most careful guarding of all the material resources that might accrue through the National, State or personal endowment of public instruction and learning ; it gave free scope for the development of the highest forms of culture. Looking back from the vantage ground of nearly a half-century's experience, we should not, if we had the work to do over again, desire to alter the essential provisions it contained regarding education. This 8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Constitution contemplated, and designed to effectuate, a complete and coherent system of education, undertaken by the State, for the intellectual and industrial improvement of the people, as well as for the protection and preservation of the State-being itself It held equally in view the school and the University. The University of California was, thus, born of the very substance of the State. It was inherent in the texture of the fabric. It was a condition of the realization of the State's more than merely political connection with the nation. It was potentially existent from the instant of the community's social organization, although its material manifestation did not come until after the lapse of two decades. This came when, and as soon as, the forces that were to make the Uni- versity strong, and equal to the discharge of the functions for which it was conceived, could, amid the various problems seeking solution, find place and time to accomplish their purpose. It was the latest and highest product of the processes by which, through much disturbance, perplexity and uncertainty, intellectual and moral social permanence was secured for California. From September, 1849, when the University idea was embodied in the nascent State, to September, 1869, when the doors of the University were opened to the youth and intellect of California, not a year passed without attempts being made to realize the design and injunction of the Constitution. As the result of the deliberations of the Convention, it was declared in the Constitution that the Legislature should encourage the promo- tion of the intellectual, scientific, moral and agricultural improvement of the people. To accomplish this great end, the organic law placed at the disposal of the Legislature: (i) the five hundred thousand acres of public lauds, which, granted by Congress for the purposes of internal improvement, had been diverted and consecrated by the California Constitution to the service of common-school education ; (2) all escheated estates; (3) the sixteenth and thirty-sixth sections of the public lands, subsequentl}' granted by Congress, and constituting the one-eighteenth portion of all the soil of California. It directed ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 9 that these should " remain a perpetual fund," to be " inviolably appro- priated to the support of common schools throughout the State." And, in addition to these stipulations, it provided (4) that " the Legislature should take measures for the protection, improvement, or other dispo- sition " of all lands already given or thereafter to be given by the United States or by individuals for the use of the University ; that the proceeds of such lands, as of all other sources of revenue, should "remain a permanent fuud," the income thereof to be "applied to the support of the University, for the promotion of literature, the arts and sciences;" and that it should be "the duty of the Legislature, as soon as may be, to provide effectual means for the improvement and perma- nent security of the funds of the University." There was no clause in these provisions which was not subse- quently found to be of the utmost value. The very corner-stone of higher public education was set in these constitutional statements. A solid barrier was imposed against the vagaries, the imprudences, and the self-seeking greed that were manifested now and again during the coming two decades. The experience of the University of Michigan was of vital importance in the construction of principles that were to direct the destiny of our own University. More than once, too, the success of the institution at Ann Arbor has been, to those ignorant of the history and real nature of State control of education, a. vindica- tion of the possibility of a State institution of higher learning. The Constitutional Convention sought still further to provide worthily for the Universit)', in an ordinance that was introduced by Wm. M. Gwin, and adopted in the last hours of the session. This ordinance was the instrument wherein the favor of Congress was asked for the admission of California into the Union. Among other things, it urged that Congress should adopt such measures that " seventy-two sections of the unappropriated lands within the State should be set apart and reserved for the use and support of the University, which, together with such further quantities as may be agreed upon by Congress, shall be conveyed to the State and appropriated solely to the use and support of the University." lO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Following up these preliminary arrangements of the Constitution, Thomas H. Green, State Senator from Sacramento, gave notice, in the very iirst session of the Legislature, held in San Jose from December, 1849, to April, 1850, that he would at some future day ask leave to introduce a bill to establish and endow a University of the State, to be called after a similar institution in Mexico, the " Colegio de Mineria." We might expect that, with the minds of men filled with the idea of the predominant mineral resources of California, the leading branch of the University to be established should be one pertaining to the education and training of mining engineers. But yet it spoke well for the intelligence of some of the Californians that they thought, in the face of the immense and apparently exhaustless output of the precious metals, that a scientific working of the mines was desirable, and was a thing to be learned at the University and put in practice in the mountains. During the time between the first and second sessions of the Legislature, Green's mind was full of the project. While in New York in November, 1850, he addressed a letter to Robert J. Walker, formerly Secretary of the Treasury. Secretary Walker had shown his interest in State education by procuring from Congress, in 1847 and 1848, the doubling of the appropriation of public lands for the use of the common schools of the country. In fact he had urged that they be quadrupled. Green now asked Walker if he would consent to assist the Legislature of California in arranging the scheme and detail of the University which he had in mind. Walker responded with the warmest enthusiasm, declining a suggested remuneration, and saying that his " only and all-suf&cient reward would be in aiding in some degree in preparing a plan for the organization of your great University, an institution which, if prop- erly conducted, would contribute even more than your gold to the glory and happiness of advancing generations in your great State. It would be the light of the Pacific, diffusing its radiance along the shores of western America, and, in time, penetrating the benighted regions of the Orient." He considered that the institution, which ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY .II might become " the greatest University that has ever existed upon earth," should, without neglecting other subjects, give especial promi- nence to mines and mining, "now the occupation of a majority of your people," to agriculture, " to which a large portion of your labor will in time be devoted," and to commerce, " the source of your wonderful wealth and progress." "Commerce," he says, "is the great agent of civilization. It is the friend of peace, of the arts and sciences, and must be the chief auxiliary and precursor " in making California the center of civilization in the West. He promised his best endeavors in laying broad and solid foundations for the California University, offer- ing to seek assistance from such eminent scientists as Henry and Bache. In the second session of the Legislature, January, 1851, Green submitted this correspondence. It was referred to the committee on education, and was not heard from again. A movement was, however, made for securing from Congress an appropriation of agriciiltural lands for the University. The first annual report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction, John G. Marvin, to the third session of the Legislature, noted that Congress had given Wisconsin, Minnesota and Oregon seventy-two sections for the endowment of universities, and urged that our representatives in Congress should see that we were not less favored. In his second annual report, he called attention to the appropriation which had then been made by Congress, and sug- gested that, by the time of the next session of the Legislature, it would be practicable to take initiatory steps towards founding the University. In the fifth session, which met, January, 1854, at Benicia, and removed to Sacramento, several propositions were made looking to the establishment of the University of California. The most important was introduced into the Assembly by A. C. Bradford, but it failed to reach a third reading. The Superintendent of Public Instruction, Paul K. Hubbs, in his report of this year, recommended that the seventy-two sections of public lands given to the State by Congress for a " semi- nary of learning " should be placed under " the entire control and management of the Board of Regents of the University," which, he 12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA could not doubt, the Legislature would provide for at an early date. " It may be expected," he said, " that the Regents selected will be gentlemen of distinguished ability and integrity of character, and that their disposition of this boon from the General Government will be worthy themselves and the great object of the paternal devotion." In 1855 proposed legislation took a different turn. In 1S51 the first law passed for the government and support of the common schools had provided that the school fund should be distributed among relig- ious and sectarian schools in proportion to the number of pupils. In 1852 this law was overthrown. In that year the first State school tax, amounting to five cents on each one hundred dollars of the taxable property of the State, was enacted by the Legislature. This law provided that " no school should receive any apportionment of public money unless free from all denominational and sectarian bias, control or influence whatever." But again, in 1853, Superintendent Marvin recommended that the Catholic schools should be allowed a proportion of the public funds, and a law was accordingly passed giving to religious and sectarian schools the aid they had asked for. In 1854 and 1855 D. R. Ashley, Assemblyman from Montere}?, who seems to have been a friend of Bradford's University bill of 1854, and was always an intelligent advocate of wise and honest measures for public education, introduced bills for the abrogation of such sections of the law as gave a proportion of the public funds to sectarian schools. In the former year his propositions met with strong and successful oppo- sition ; but in the latter year he gained his point, sectarian schools lost their hold on the public moneys, and sectarian teaching in the public schools was prohibited. " The stringent provisions " of Ashley's law, as Superintendent John Swett has said, " settled then, and probably forever, the question of an American system of public schools in this State, free from the bitterness of sectarian strife and the intolerance of religious bigotry." Now, in 1S55, in the sixth session of the Legislature, a movement was begun to divert the University funds, and to distribute them in such a way as to aid existing incorporated colleges. There were several ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 13 of these institutions, the most notable being the University of the Pacific, Santa Clara College, and the inchoate College of California, which received its charter of incorporation this very year, namely, on April 13, 1855. On this same day, April 13, Sherman Day, son of President Jeremiah Day of Yale, and father of our fellow alumnus, Clinton Day, representing the counties of Alameda and Santa Clara, and one of the incorporators of the College of California, gave notice that he would bill for the ment of col- he accordingly 17. At one mittee on edu- mended the bill, but it was to them with structions to the conditions gift of the lands. After inquiries call- motion, Mr. committee felt report against of the funds of to private and leges. In this introduce a " encourage- leges."' This did on April time the com- cation recom- passage of the recommitted special in- inquire into attending the " seminary " making the ed for by this Day and the compelled to the diversion the University religious col- report it comes SHERMAN DAY out that there had been at one time a project to locate the future University on the lands of the Mission of San Luis Rey. A motion, at this session, to make an appropriation out of the general fund for the aid of incorporated colleges was defeated by a narrow vote. Succor for them was urged by Superintendent Hubbs, in his report of 1856, although he notes that there is a " sectarian war in embryo,'' which will " produce a lingering death to popular education " 14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in California. The issue of this "war "was presented in the session of i86t, when Zach Montgomery introduced a bill for the enroll- ment of sectarian schools as public schools; for religious instruction according to the desire of the parents of the pupils ; and for the distribution of the State school fund in proportion to the number of pupils. For a moment there was very considerable danger that this bill would succeed. Distinguished opposition to the movement was made by Hon. John Conness. Rev. Sam. B. Bell, representing Alameda and Santa Clara counties, had meanwhile introduced an extraordinary bill into the Senate for " organizing the University of the State of California under the name of the Regents of the University of the State of California." Rev. Dr. Bell was one of the Trustees of the College of California. He was an able speaker, a man of large stature, and of great personal force. We do not know that his proposition had any countenance from the College as a whole. The bill was introduced on March 23, 1858, went through the usual course, was at one time laid on the table, was then called up through the urgency of Mr. Bell, and on April 16 passed the Senate. It was then sent to the Assembly, where it was referred to the committee on education. The report of this committee was one of crushing destruction to the project. The proposi- tion of the bill was to establish a body of regents, with various salaried officers appointed by them, including a chancellor, vice-chan- cellor, treasurer and secretary; to unite under this board all the colleges then established and thereafter to be established in the State, with whatsoever faculties they might have, and wheresoever situated ; and to distribute among these scattered institutions the funds that were designed for the University. The committee declared that " such a heterogeneous combination for a University " would be " impolitic, impracticable, and not the institution contemplated by the Act of Congress." Motions for the distribution of the congressional endow- ment continued to be made from time to time, up even to the very last hours before the passage of the law establishing the University, in March, 1868. ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY l^ In the meantime, to retrace our steps and follow out tlie devel- opment of the true University idea, in 1855 Robert C. Rodgers, of San Francisco, and in 1859 Charles K. Mount, of Calaveras, moved in the Legislature for the passage of bills establishing the University " where the highest branches of education" should be taught. In 1855 Superintendent Hubbs urged that the University should be organ- ized " at the earliest possible moment. It should, like that of Michigan, be a free University, the head or great high school to the public schools of the State. * * * * We hold that the State should provide, with the aid of the congressional endowments, and by the necessary taxation, to educate her infants from the alphabet to the most elevated sciences." In succeeding reports his appeal to the Legislature became more and more strenuous. In 1857 ^^ advised the organization, in connection with the University, of a school of agri- culture " where the culture of the soil may be learned practically and scientifically," and of a military school "worthy of the great State of the Pacific border." These two ideas set forth by Superintendent Hubbs, of an agri- cultural school and of a military school, received much attention during the next few years. There were persons who would have liked to have seen one or the other character exclusively given to the coming institution of learning. In the Legislature of 1857, the eighth session, joint resolutions were adopted favoring the establishment of an Agricultural Depart- ment at Washington, and asking of Congress a donation of one hundred thousand acres of land for the endowment of an Agricultural College in California. The resolutions argued that " from our peculiarly favorable situation to collect and test improvements in rural science, and introduce the cultivation of products now foreign to our country, an Agricultural College would probably be the means of conferring great and lasting benefits upon the State." And, in further prosecution of this idea, resolutions were passed by the Legis- lature in the following years, up to 1862, urging Congress to pass the bill offered by Senator Justin S. Morrill for a land grant to endow Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges in the several States. i6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA In his report of this year, 1857, the Adjutant-General of the State, W. C. Kibbe, advanced a proposition to divert " the means set apart for the establishment of a State Seminary, or University of California, to the establishment of a State Military Institute, similar to those now existing in several of the older States of the Union." He repeated these same suggestions in his report of 1858, and they found a most ardent supporter in the new Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. J. Moulder. Mr. Moulder was educated in Virginia and in Columbia College. He came to California in 1850, and soon entered upon the work of journalism. He was editor of the Sau Francisco Herald until that newspaper was brought to ruin by the Vigilance Com- mittee in 1856. Now, as the highest educational officer of the State, he enthusiasti- cally espoused the Univer- sity idea, but advocated the organization of the institution on the "military plan." He declared him- self in favor of such a plan "first, last and all the time." a. j. moulder His general argument for the University is so strong and positive that it deserves to be repeated: "Our public schools," he says, "have increased so rapidly, and the pupils in many of those first estab- lished have progressed so far, that it becomes absolutely necessary to commence forthwith the establishment of a University as the capping stone of our educational structure. * * * * We need a great high school, wherein the graduates, or as many of them as possible. ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 1 7 of our present schools, shall be educated at the expense of the State, and their talent be developed for useful and practical pursuits, — pursuits calculated to promote the welfare and augment the material wealth of the State. * * * * The University is eminently needed. It rests with the Legislature of 1858 to immortalize itself as the founders of a great Pacific University." In response to Mr. Moulder's strong plea, the Legislature of 1858 passed a joint resolution calling upon our representatives in Congress to use their efforts to obtain the cession to the State of the grounds and buildings known as the Redoubt at Monterey for the "establish- ment of a Military Academy, or for other educational purposes." In the following years, from 1859 to 1862, Superintendent Moulder reiterated his arguments as to the desirability of a Military Institute. " In 1862 Abraham Lincoln had upon his desk," to quote words used by Chauncey Depew in his oration at the twenty-fifth anniversary of Cornell University, "the emancipation proclamation, and the land grant bill to promote education. He signed them both. The one was an essential complement of the other. Without education, emancipation does not emancipate. The freedman exchanges one thralldom for another. * * * * Educate, educate, educate, is the national necessity." The signing, on July 2, 1862, of this Act, drawn and introduced by Senator Morrill, of Vermont, gave a new phase to the two-decade struggle for the realization of the University of California. The Constitution of 1849 had declared that " the University" must be established. Congress had in 1853 given the State forty-six thousand and eighty acres of land for a "seminary of learning." It had been generally conceded that by such " seminary " had been meant the University. The Legislature of 1858 had directed the sale of these " seminary lands," and the investment of the proceeds in bonds which were to be kept by the State Treasurer as a special deposit marked " Seminary," i. c.^ University " Fund." Now in 1S62 Congress had granted to California one hundred and fifty thousand acres for the endowment of at least one college, where the leading object should be to teach subjects pertaining to agriculture and mechanics. Here was lo THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA a magnificent gift which would be forfeited unless measures were taken to carry out its provisions. Three propositions were more or less discussed. First, to proceed to the establishment of the University, incorporating the congressional grant in its endowment, and providing for the special teaching required by the terms of the donation ; or, second, to give the benefits of the donation to some existing college to carry out its purposes ; or, third, to use the funds for the creation of an institution of restricted character devoted solely to agriculture and mechanics. The second proposition, although now and again advocated, seems never to have received any perfected shape, and did not control much attention. The first was too large for the men of 1862 to grasp and grapple with; and yet their minds soared beyond the limitations of the third. They sought, accordingly, a compromise between these two, — the establishment, namely, of a Polytechnic School, which in time might grow so as to cover the ground of the true University- On April 22, 1863, a concurrent resolution was passed by the houses of the Legislature appointing J. D. Whitney, State Geologist, John Swett, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and J. F. Houghton, Survej^or-General, Commissioners to report on the feasibility of estab- lishing the University. In the contemplation of this resolution the institution was to be so organized as to embrace an Agricultural College, a Mining College and a Museum, the nucleus of which last was to be found in the geological collection of the State. These gentlemen were eminently fitted for their duty. Professor Whitney was a distin- guished scientist and engineer, and rationally interested in higher scientific education. He has now for many years been Professor of Geology in Harvard Universit}^ Mr. Swett was then a young man, and wholly engrossed in the cause of public instruction. He was soon to win a wide reputation for the able administration of his public ofiice, for his learned reports, and for the wise influence which he exerted on school legislation. General Houghton was a graduate of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, was a prominent civil engineer, has filled many important positions of public and private honor and trust, and has been ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 1 9 intimately concerned in the growth of the community. In late years he has become an active Regent of the University. The Commissioners prepared an extended report, in which they went over the whole ground of the constitutional obligation for the establishment of the University; the nature and intent of the congres- sional grants ; the condition of the available funds, and the policy that should govern the Legislature in its action. They examined into the working of the existing colleges of agriculture in the United States, and reviewed the general question of universit}? and college education. They invoked the example of the University of Michigan, the past success of which had done much to dissipate fears as to what might be possible in California. But even the University of Michigan had then fallen upon such evil times in its career that it was dangerous to quote its example. The conclusions reached by the Commissioners were, that but one public institution should be established, and that all the means at the disposal of the State for the purposes of higher education should be concentrated on the creation of as great an institution as was possible; but that, while the complete University should be kept in view, no collegiate department should at the time be organized, but only a Polytechnic School, or School of Practical Science. They recommended that the school be located in San Francisco. They adduced, as reasons for this advice, the populousness and general metropolitan character of that city, its accessibility, the suitability of its climate to sustained study, and the greater probability that persons of wealth would be interested in its success. Up to this time, while the Legislature, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the press and an occasional public speaker, had concerned themselves with the realization of the noble intention of the Constitution, no chief executive magistrate had risen to the concep- tion of other public institutions than prisons and asylums. But now in December, 1S63, one of the most ardent and enlightened friends of the University idea, Frederick F. Low, assumed office, and served as Governor until December, 1867. . 20 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Governor Low said iu his inaugural address : " There is ample room for improvement in our educational system, and I sincerely trust that, at the close of my term of ofEce, it will be found that such progress has been made as the times shall have demanded and our means justified." He lived up to the exertion of the personal efforts that the expression of this hope called for. The times demanded great things ; the means were ultimately found. During his administration, on March 31, 1866, an Act was passed to establish an Agricultural, Mining and Mechanical Arts College. A Board of Directors was provided, consisting of the Governor, the President of the State Agricul- tural Society, the President of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco, and five other members elected by the Legislature in joint convention. Of the elected members, three were to be from the mining counties and two from the agricultural. They were to hold office for two years, and were to receive no compen- sation. W. E. Brown, who has been in late years prom- inentl}' connected with the railroads, was secretary of the Board of Directors. This law purported to organize an institution in | "fulfillment of the injunction of the Constitution," and in furtherance of the congres- sional donations. But the provisions of the Constitution directed the establishment of " the University ; " this law provided for nothing beyond the Polytechnic School. " The design of the institution," says the Act, "is to afford thorough instruction in W. E. BROWN ANTECEDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 2 1 agriculture, mining, and the natural sciences connected therewith." It prescribed a course of study limited to these objects, and not even fully meeting them. The College was to be located on laud selected by the Directors, and was to have a farm of at least one hundred and sixty acres. The Directors chose such a site and farm on a tract at what is now North Berkeley. It was distinctly and positively stipulated in the Act that the College " should not be united to, or connected with, any other institution of learning iu this State." Thus, in their blindness, did the legislators of 1866 seek to defeat the predestined organization of the University. Governor Low, in his last message to the . Legislature, December 2, 1S67, said: "After a careful review of this whole matter, I am of the opinion that the law providing for the establishment of this institution should be entirely remodeled, and the aim and intent of the Legislature more clearly defined. There can be no doubt, in the mind of any person who has studied this subject, that a great want in California is an institution of learning of a high order, in which the youth of the State can be taught the higher branches at a moderate cost. It is also apparent that the means accruing from the grant of land to the State for an Agricultural College, and also that for a ' seminary of learning,' will not be sufficient to establish and maintain a school or college without direct aid from the State, or from individuals, or both. The restrictions contained in the Act of Congress granting lands for an Agricultural College render it practically impossible to make the proceeds available for some time to come." He therefore urged the passage of a suitable law organizing the University of California on the general model of the University of Michigan. He advised that while a prominent place should be given to the teaching of agriculture, mining and mechanics, that the institu- tion should, nevertheless, contain all the elements that go to make a true University. This history of the many attempts to execute the prescriptions of the Constitution has uever before been writteu. We have, therefore, dwelt upon it in considerable detail, believing that it has a lasting value and 22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA significance. It shows, at tlie least, that the public were coming to the sentiment uttered by Thomas Starr King at the dedication of the first High School building in San Francisco, September 19, i860: "We send strength into the important schools below, the pillars and pavement of our public welfare, by the import of this service of dedication. And I believe the whole system of education would attain final symmetry, and be still stronger in all its parts, if we had not only High Schools in our cities and large towns, but a free and largely planned University besides in every State, in which the sons and daughters of the poorest could obtain the best training which the resources of the State might afford, free of cost. When we get this we shall have the majestic dome overarching and strengthening our intellectual temple." CHAPTER II. THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY. PROFESSOR KELLOGG has said: "Our University was not the offspring of any one mind, nor the result of any single legis- lative step, either local or National. It was not a windfall nor an accident. It was a product due to a combination of forces, setting steadily from the first toward one great issue." It has been the purpose of the preceding chapter to give the history of one series of the events which worked toward the realiza- tion of an organ for the expression of the intellectual consciousness of the community. We come now to speak of another set of agencies which cooperated to the same result. This story has been told more or less fully several times, and has been detailed in one extended published record. But we must recapitulate once again the history of the College of California ; and it will ever be a grateful pleasure to recall the services and sacrifices of its chief promoters, Samuel H. Willey, Henry Durant, Martin Kellogg, Isaac H. Bray ton, and their friends and coadjutors. The first steamer that sailed from New York for San Francisco, after the news of the discovery of gold, brought as one of its pas- sengers Rev. Samuel H. Willey, a young graduate of Dartmouth College. Mr. Wille3?'s mind turned immediately to the thought of building a college in California on broad, Christian foundations. He discussed the matter with every one whom he found interested in the subject, or who.se interest he could engage. The cluster of men thus enlisted in this great cause pondered the matter, corresponded with Harvard and Yale authorities, solicited donations of land, and sought to secure the necessary legislation. HENRY DURANT THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY 25' The first Legislature passed a law for chartering colleges, requiring that twenty thousand dollars' worth of property should be held b}^ the proposed corporation before a charter should be granted. James Stokes and Kimball H. Dimmick offered lands on the Guadalupe Creek near San Jose, and Frederick Billings, Chester A. Lyman, Sherman Day, Forrest Shepard and S. H. Willey applied for a charter. But the Supreme Court of the State declared, in the unsettled condition of land titles, that the property requirement of the law was not fulfilled. The initiative of this college idea was with the Presbyterians, and the Presbytery of San Francisco discussed and organized plans. It was not, however, any narrow denominational institution that they desired to found ; on the contrary, they wished to see arise in California a College or University which in its religious aspect should be co-extensive with Christianit}'. It was a noble purpose ; it was worthy of success ; and it is destined, we doubt not, and in a higher sense than was then conceived of, yet to be realized. These agitators of the college idea had visions, too, of securing State aid, perhaps of identifying with their enterprise the University promised in the Constitution. And this object, too, it is still within the power of the churches to accomplish, and to a degree that was not possible under the ideas of the men of 1850. Either of two courses now lies open to them : to establish at Berkeley one great combined non-sectarian Christian Divinity School ; or, to group about the University, each church its own separate denominational theological seminary. In no other way will they ever so come in contact with or influence the intellectual development of the State and of the Pacific Coast. In 1851 an institution called the California Wesleyan College, and afterward styled the University of the Pacific, was founded at San Jose. This undertaking of the Methodists, laudable in itself, yet, in so far, took from the universality of the Christian college project. The Catholics, too, established, a little later, Santa Clara College. Both of these colleges attracted many students both within 26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA and without their congregations, and graduated many alumni who have come to occupy prominent and useful positions in the community. A number of other schools of partial college grade sprang up before the ideas of Willey and Day and Billings I' 1 could be realized. These institutions filled their place in the young State of Cali- fornia, but they made the efforts of these men and of their colaborers more difficult, albeit more heroic. The college plan being then too large for immediate execution, its friends had alread}? turned their thoughts toward establishing a prepar- atory school, when on May- day, 1853, Henrj' Durant landed in San Francisco. He came "with college on the brain," he said ; he came " with the purpose of founding a university fully formed in his mind." Henry Durant was born at Acton, Massachusetts, June 17, 1802. He graduated at Yale in 1827, in a class numbering among its members Horace Bushnell and N. P. Willis. He served as tutor in Yale for four years, and then studied theology. For twelve or fifteen years he was pastor of the Congregational Church at Byfield, Mass. Now, at full fifty years of age, this gentle pastor of a New England village church felt a throbbing in his veins to go to a distant part of the country and plant the seed of a university. It was truly a most remarkable fact, and when we consider the simple, unostentatious character of the man, his serene and modest life, his tender, delicate S. H. WILLEY THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY 27 habit with men, we must realize the power of the idea that controlled him. There was a beauty and spirituality about this apostle of the University that sanctifies and chastens the creation of his labors. Immediately after Mr. Dnrant's arrival, a joint meeting of the Presbytery of San Francisco and the Congregational Association of California was held at Nevada City. As a consequence of this meeting it was decided to begin a school in Oakland with Mr. Durant in charge. The Contra Costa Academy was incorporated on June 20, 1853. In this same month Mr. Durant opened his school in a former fandango house, on the corner of Broadway and Fifth Street. Broadway was the only well-defined avenue in the hamlet of a few hundred population. With its extensive grove of magnificent oaks, it seemed the promised site of a beauti- ful cit}/ to be forever adorned with these matchless trees. Alas ! our municipal anarch- ism has destroyed almost the last vestige of significance , , in the name of " Oakland." The city must some day in \ the future either accept the humiliation of having her appellation derived on the Incns a non bicendo principle, or else receive a new and blessed baptism with the inspired name of her j^ounger sister on the north. This is Mr. Durant's account of how he began the work that grew into the mmmi. >J University : isaac h. brayton " I began it with three pupils, in a building which I hired for $150 a month, to be paid in gold coin monthly in advance ; to be 28 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA occupied by a man and his wife, whose wages were to be another $150 a month, to be paid in the same way; which made $300 a month for three pupils. The school increased a little during the first two months and a half, but the income was not sufficient to meet current expenses, and my housekeepers, — Quinn was the man's name, — he and his wife, not having received the entire pay for that term, began to be alarmed. He said that whatever did not succeed in two months and a half in California never would succeed. He could not trust me any longer. One morning I went upstairs as usual to my school. It got to be time for luncheon, and I went down stairs and found nothing prepared. Quinn had squatted on the lower part of the house and put out his shingle, ' Lodgers and boarders wanted here. Drinks for COLLEGE SCHOOL, OAKLAND, 1861 sale at the bar.' He got up a barroom with his bottles in it. I sent out to the restaurant and got a luncheon for the boys. Then I went to a lawyer and entered a complaint, before a police court extem- porized for the occasion. Quinn was ordered to appear. He was found guilty of getting up a nuisance, and was ordered to desist and pay a fine of five dollars. Meanwhile I went up to clear out his fix- ings. He came up and wanted to know what I was about. I told him what I was going to do. He told me to desist. I told him that I had made a beginning, and was not going to stop until I had made an end of it. He got into a rage, laid his hands on me with considerable force, and was pushing me away, when suddenly he became as pale as a cloth, lifted his hands over his head and began THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY 29 to pray. He begged that I would pray for him that God would have mercy on his soul. His religion came to my relief. He had an impression that he had laid hands on a consecrated person, and thought he was committing the unpardonable sin. He told me I need not trouble myself to move the things; he would do it." A permanent site was procured, consisting of four blocks, bounded by Twelfth, Fourteenth, Franklin and Harrison streets. Thither, shortly afterward, the Academy was moved, and there it remained until it grew into the College ; and there the College remained until it grew into the University, and there the University for four years had its habitation. The School was called the "College School," to signify that it was but a preparation for the coming College, and that it had stepped into the gap to fit boys for higher instruc- tion. It continued under the principalship of Mr. Durant until the College was opened in i860, when Rev. Isaac H. Brayton assumed charge. It continued under Mr. Brayton's direction, with Frederick M. Campbell as Vice-Principal, until 1869. During this period it assumed a position, for thoroughness of instruction, vigor of administration and number of pupils, probably unequaled in the history of private secondary education in California. Then for several years it was under the government of the State, as a preparatory school to the University. Mr. Campbell was its first Principal, was later for a short time ad interim Professor FRED. M. CAMPBELL 30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA of English and History in the University, and subsequently, as State Superintendent of Public Instruction, ex-o£&cio Regent. Anniversary celebrations were held in the modest buildings in Oakland, the most notable being the one of 1858. This was held on October i, the morning exercises in the church, the afternoon exer- cises, with luncheon, underneath the oaks on the College grounds. The eminent lawyer, eloquent orator and steadfast friend of the University, John B. Pel ton, made the address of the day. His closing words were : " Under your guidance, by the blessing of God, this beautiful State of California — whose children, as yet only adopted, stand like the Janus of old, with two faces — one turned admiringly on her smiling valleys, her broad rivers, and her gold-teeming hills ; the other face turned longingly and regretfully toward their own native land, to the hallowed homes of their old recollections and the graves of their fathers — this glorious land shall see spring from her loins a race in whose love she shall know no rival, a race all her own, a race of child- like men — children in flexibility and pliancy of bodily organs, children in simplicity, in restless curiosity and glowing mental fervor — and men of stature, power and grasp of mind." On April 13, 1855, the College of California was incorporated under the laws of the State with the following Trustees : Frederick Billings, Sherman Day, S. H. Willey, T. D. Hunt, Mark Brummagim, Edward B. Walsworth, Joseph A. Benton, Edward McLean, Henry Durant, Francis W. Page, Robert Simson, A. H. Wilder, Samuel B. Bell. It was not intended to begin instruction until a college class had been fully perpared at the school. The intervening years were to be employed in seeking funds. The chief agent in this work was Rev. Mr. Willey. Several attempts were made to secure some prominent Eastern man as President. Dr. Bushnell, Dr. Shedd and Dr. Hitchcock w-ere at different times invited, but all found it necessary to decline. And the college was finally content with a Vice-President in the person of Mr. Willey. Dr. Bushnell was in California in 1856 for the benefit of his health, and became greatly THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY ?I interested in the college enterprise. He occupied much time during several months traversing the whole bay region in search of an ample and suitable college site. Before he returned to his Eastern home he issued an eloquent and learned "Appeal" to the public on behalf of the need to California of an institution of the highest culture. This plea is one of the chastest pieces of composition among our University literature. To quote a passage : ' ' There is also a very great importance to California in the establishment of a University, in the sense of stability and settlement it will produce and the greater permanence it will give to her population. While it invites emigration, it also fixes and retains the families that arrive. How many families, and precisely those which you most want to establish society, are never brought to California, just because there is no fit means of education here ; and how manjr return, after a short time, for the same reason, carrying back with them the fortunes they have made, and, to just that extent, impoverishing the country. Nor is the case very much better where the sons are sent back to be educated, while the parents remain. They will like the riper forms of society in which they have been trained ; they will be impressed, weaned from the State, and so will be finally lost to it. And, what is worse, everj' such ca,se of sending away for education is a confession that California is only an outpost of the nation, where some of the principal endowments of enlightened society have not yet arrived. This reflects more and more depressingly, the longer it is continued, on the public respect and confidence. For so long a time, you are not quite ready to call the State your home. How great a value to you, in this view, has a University. It has been the common satire on Universities, that they are boats fast anchored in the stream of time ; but how great a comfort would it be to your eyes, as a people, to see the satire made good — to see this mighty anchor of sound learning cast, and the tides of your present uncertainties and disorders hurrying by and leaving it unmoved." By 1859 it was seen that a Freshman class would be ready for college the next year, and so, on August 13, 1859, the Trustees met for the election of the Faculty of the College. It was no dis- credit that they contented themselves at the start with choosing only two professors. The first to be selected was, of course, Henrj^ Durant. The other appointment was one which we most gratefully acknowledge to be of .still continuing interest to us, that of the Rev. Martin Kellogg, then pastor of the Congregational Church in Grass Valley. p THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The College began its formal career in i860, and the first catalogue gives the following list of faculty and students : FACULTY. Rev. Henry Durant, A. M., Professor of Latin and Greek L,anguages. Rev. Martin Kellogg, A. M., Professor of Mathematics. Rev. I. H. Brayton, A. M., Professor of Rhetoric, Belles Lettres, and the EngUsh Language. William K. Rowell, A. M., Teacher in Mathematics. Charles L- Des Rochers, A. M., Teacher in French. JosE Manuel Y'Banez, Teacher in Spanish. STUDENTS. FRESHMAN CLASS. James A. Daly, D. L. Emerson, C. V. Howard, Jose M. Y'Banez, Elijah Janes, Albert F. Eyle, Charles T. Tracy, George Wellington. It continued from that time gradually enlarging its Faculty, receiving accessions to its students, expanding its curriculum, down to the summer of 1869, when it graduated its sixth class. As Professor Kellogg has said : " The one noteworthy distinction of the College of California was this : It had no preparatory school to look after ; it had a Faculty exclusively devoted to college studies. Its standard was the standard of the Eastern States. This made a marked advance upon any previous effort in California." Although the College was possessed of a considerable amount of real property, the grounds in Oakland and one hundred and sixty acres in Berkeley, it was never in a financially flourishing condi- tion. It did not have readily available funds, and its real property was not without incumbrance. It had sent forth urgent and stirring and plaintive appeals to the churches, to Californian capitalists, to Eastern religious associations, and to individual friends of education. Mr. Willey, in 1855, and Professor Kellogg, in 1S60, personally sought pecuniary aid in the East. And while these appeals met with some response, mainly from men of moderate means, the contributions were not sufficient to meet the running expenses, and there was no MARTINi KELLOGG 34 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA iuterest-beariug endowment. There were other obstacles, too, to retard its progress. Its fnndamental idea of non-sectarian evangelicanism was one fertile of many dissensions. Then, again, the college idea had been agitated when the people were thinking least of letters and culture, but most of money-making, and, after that, of quieting the social disorder which had given birth to the Vigilance Committees. x\nd the Civil War was an immensely disturbing influence, even in this distant part of the country. If it did not take men's thoughts away from their own enrichment, it did sadly interfere with attendance at college, and with any substantial fostering of the college idea. Now, while the organic basis of the College was distinctly and avowedly against any control on the part of the State, it still took care to nourish the University idea in anticipation of its own desired future. In doing this it hastened the on-coming of the University of the State. The large and noted gatherings of alumni of Eastern colleges which it called together at recurring anniversaries were seminaries for the propagation of the idea. Dr. Bushnell, in 1S56, while he intentionally discouraged " the hope of some of our citizens that a State University would be erected," had also said, " I should like to be known as having started into life, on these new and distant shores, a University that will be hereafter looked upon as a great source of light and Christian power." Starr King, later a Trustee of the College, had in i860 uttered words which we have quoted at the close of the preceding chapter. Professor J. D. Whitney, in his address at the College anniversary in 1861, had foreseen the near establishment of the University, and had described the functions which, in his mind, it should assume, and the relations which should exist between the Colleges in the State and the University. " We should not, indeed, flatter ourselves," he said, " that all that is desirable in this respect can be brought about at once ; but if the educational men of the State will keep this object in view, and use their best efforts for its accomplishment, they can hardly fail to meet with final success." Dr. Durant, though seldom presenting set addresses, occasionally allowed a public utterance on the theme that THE COLLEGE PRECURSOR OF THE UNIVERSITY 35' was tlie motive of his life, as he did in 1858, and again on com- mencement day in 1865, when he delivered a fine oration entitled, " The University." Professor Benjamin Silliman, at the commencement, June, 1867, entered elaborately into the practical discussion of the possibilities of higher education in California and the duties of the State in that regard, concluding with these words : " The same wisdom that has framed a law so catholic and ample as the common-school system will not fail when applied to the development of the details of the University system, which is its logical sequence, its indispensable supplement and crown." And Dr. Stebbins, succeeding Starr King as College Trustee as well as the Unitarian pastor in San Francisco, wrote in February, 1868, one of his thoughtful papers on the same subject. His closing words were: "This, then, is our vocation, to make men more manh^ and humanity more humane ; to augment the discourse of reason, intelligence and faith, and to kindle the beacon fires of truth on all the summits of existence. Aud to this end and for this cause may our University stand so long as the sun and the moon shall endure." CHAPTER III. THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY. ON MARCH 23, 1868, California achieved her intellectual emancipa- tion. The forces that had been at work for twenty years produced on that day the institution that ranked her among the powers that would obtain for human enlightenment. Her freedom in the world of thought was won. She declared, by authorized voice, that she would herself institute, organize, and direct the intellectual improvement of her people. She assumed the duty to support, she vindicated the right to control, the higher education. She gave j^et more binding force to this position, when by her supreme command she decreed, in the Constitution of 1879, that the University of California was a public trust, pledged herself to its perpetual maintenance, and charged the Legislature with its fostering care. And again, in 1887, by the permanent tax for the support of the University, she took the logical and consistent step of more fully enabling the institution to discharge its functions as a part of the State organism. California has been true to herself in the establishment, the support, and development of her University ; the University has been true to California in advancing her culture at home and her renown abroad. The immediate steps that brought about the legislation of 1868 come now to be related. The position to which we are brought by the story of the preceding chapters is this : From 1849 two sets of forces were working to the production of an adequate and worthy institution of higher learning. The one effort was in fulfillment of the constitutional injunction ; the other in obedience to the promptings of private, personal, and ecclesiastical aspiration. The one enterprise had been aided by congressional endowments ; the other had been fostered and succored by THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 37 individual activity and contributions. The one was now in danger of being restricted to a purely so-called practical object ; the other was not able to expand beyond a traditional and partial curriculum of the humanities. The one had put forth a hasty and abortive effort toward realization ; the other had so mortgaged its expectations that it was threatened with foreclosure. Could they not, these two, each by con- tributing to the other its lacking elements, save the cause and redeem the intellectual credit of Cal- ifornia ? The College of California had acquired a tract of land of rare beauty, an ideal college site, four or five miles north of Oakland. The Directors of the Agricultural, Mining and Mechanical Arts College selected, provisionally, during the year 1867, a tract for their prospective college a mile or two north of this. Thus the two institutions were to be brought into a neighborly contact. With men of such enlarged views as Dr. Steb- bins, who was President of the Board of Trustees, Professor Durant, and JohnW. Dwindle, representing the College of California, as Governor Low, representing thie State and the State College, and as John B. Felton, representing the higher and worthier aspirations of the community, it was not difficult, now that the times were ripe, to bring the ideas underlying the two institutions into relation. These men, and those who cooperated with them, decided that neither the State technical school nor the private college was what was wanted. They resolved that there must be founded FREDERICK F. LOW 38 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in California a University, belonging to and representing the community at large. They bent their energies unremittingly to the consummation of this determination. On October 8, 1867, the Trustees of the College of California held a meeting, in the record of which we find the following passage : "An institution able to afford the varied facilities for higher edu- cation by the most enlightened States has been the aim of this Board from the beginning. To endow it with adequate means through private munif- icence seems to be impossible at present, and the prospect of doing so in the future is remote. The question before us just now is whether this object, or the main part of it, may not be secured in another way, namely, by uniting with the State." Two of the Directors of the State College, Governor Low and G. F. Reed, President of the State Agricultural Society, attended this meeting by invitation ; at the adjoixrned meeting held the next day, a third Director, C. T. Ryland, was also present. At the first meeting, a committee, consisting of Messrs. Dwindle, Durant, and Stebbins, was appointed to digest the conclusions of the Board; at the adjourned meeting they reported the following resolutions, which were then adopted : ''Resolved, That the President and Board of Trustees of the College of California hereby offer to donate and convey to the State Board of Directors of the Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College, one hundred and sixty acres of land in the town- ship of Oakland, Alameda County, including the lands between the two ravines, commonly known as the California College site, for the site and farm of the said State College. JOHN B. FELTON THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 39 ''Resolved, That in making this donation, the College of California is influenced by the earnest hope and confident expectation that the State of California will forthwith organize and put into operation, upon this site, a University of California, which will include a College of Mines, a College of Civil Engineering, a College of Mechanics, and a College of Agriculture, and an Academical College, all of the same grade, and with courses of instruction equal to those of Eastern colleges. ''Resolved, That the President and Secretary of this Board he authorized to enter into a contract with the State Board of Directors of the Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College, to the effect that whenever a University of California shall be established as contemplated in the next preceding resolution, then the College of California will disincorporate, and, after discharging all its debts, pay over its net assets to such University." " If we consider the douation as property," a committee of the Regeiits said, a year later, "it is mtinificent. If we consider it as academic spirit, it is the seed-plot of the Uni- versity." At this meeting of Oc- tober 9, 1867, a committee of five, Messrs. Stebbins, Dwinelle, Eells, Willey, and Durant, was appointed to pre- pare a "bill for the organi- zation of the University of California" to be presented at the approaching session of the Legislature. The Directors of the StateCollege recommended to the Legislature the accept- ance of the offer made by the College of California, and Gov- ernor Low in his last official utterance advised the entire remodeling of the law and the creation of the University. Henry H. Haight, a man of liberal and scholarly habits of thought, and an alumnus of Yale College, succeeded Governor Low as chief magistrate. In his inaugural address he recommended the passage of a HENRY H. HAIGHT 40 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA law organizing the University, and throughout the remainder of his life he displayed a high-minded and generous interest in its welfare. On March 5, 1868, a bill for an " act to create and organize the University of California'' was introduced into the Assembly by its author, Hon. John W. Dwindle. " It was received with general favor b}^ the body of both houses of the Legislature," says an early and authoritative statement. "The unavoidable delays which had occurred," the record continues, " had brought this bill into a vast accumulation of business toward the close of the session, and it required a persistent and intel- ligent effort on the part of the friends of the bill to put it upon its final passage. The history of the University would not be complete if record were not made of the untiring efforts of Lieutenant-Governor Holden, Hon. E. H. Heacock, of Sacramento, Hon. John S. Hager, of San Francisco, Hou. Henrj^ Robinson, of Alameda, in the Senate, and Mr. Speaker Ryland, Hon. W. Z. Angney, of Santa Clara, Hon. Isaac Aj'er, of Calaveras, and Hon. W. S. Green, of Colusa, in the Assembly, in favor of the passage of the bill." On March 21 it had passed both houses, and on March 23 — " a day which," as President Gilman said in an address before the Legislature in 1S74, "the schools of the State might well keep as a perpetual jubilee day " — the Charter of the Univer- sity was signed by Governor Haight. This Organic Act, or Charter, declared that the University was " created pursuant to the requirements of the Constitution, and in order to devote to the largest purposes of education the benefaction " of the congressional land grant of 1862. It " shall be called the University of California and shall be located on the grounds donated to the State " by the College of California. It " shall have for its design to provide instruction and complete education in all the departments of science, literature, art, industrial and professional pursuits, and general education, and also special courses of instruction for the professions of agriculture, the mechanic arts, mining, military science, civil engineering, law, medicine, and commerce." The statute prescribed that the University should be organized into Colleges, each with its appropriate studies, faculty, and students. These THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 41 should be grouped as: (1) Colleges of Arts, including Agriculture, Me- chanics, Mines, and Civil Engineering ; (2) a College of Letters, or Classical Course ; (3) Professional Colleges, including Medicine and Law; (4) other Colleges, belonging or not to the above groups, incorporated into, or affiliated with, the University, according to the discretion of the Regents. The Charter aimed to show the largest appreciation of, and to give the fullest effect to, the two chief co-operating causes of the University's existence. In regard to the congressional grant, it said : " The Board of Regents shall always bear in mind that the College of Agriculture and the College of Mechanic Arts are an especial object of their care and superintendence, and that they shall be considered and treated as entitled primarily to the use of the funds donated for their establishment and maintenance by the Act of Congress." And, in reference to the con- veyance by the College of California, it provided : " The Board of Regents, having in regard tbe donation already made to the State by the President and Board of Trustees of the College of California, and their proposition to surrender all their property to the State for the benefit of the Uni- versity, and to become disincorporate and go out of existence as soon as the State shall organize the University, by adding a Classical Course to the Colleges of Arts, shall, as soon as they deem it practicable, establish a College of Letters. The College of Letters shall be coexistent with the Colleges of Arts, and shall embrace a liberal course of instruction in languages, literature, and philosophy, together with such courses or parts of courses in the Colleges of Arts as the authorities of the Uni- versity shall prescribe." The past graduates of the College of California were to rank in all respects as graduates of the University. In the further carrying out of these two principles of procedure, the law, on the one hand, directed that the College of Agriculture should be first established, and that the Colleges of Mechanics, Mines, and Civil Engineering, should follow in order. But at the start only the first year's course was to be provided in these Colleges, the courses of the succeed- ing years being added as the classes advanced. On the other hand, the 42 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Regents were permitted to assume the work of the College of California and to inaugurate at once the full four years' course of the College of Letters. While the Charter established separate Colleges, it yet sought to create unity of action and purpose, a cooperating and not a competing tendency, — in all things a genuine University spirit. It directed that the Regents should "endeavor so to arrange the several courses of instruction that the students of the different Colleges might be brought into social contact and intercourse with each other by attending the same lectures and branches of instruction." In the selection of professors and instructors for any one College, persons were to be chosen " possessing such acquire- ments in their several vocations as would enable them to discharge the duties of professors" in the other Colleges. A series of three governing bodies, the Regents, the Academic Senate, and the several Faculties, was provided. The Regents were to represent the University before the law, and to manage all its business affairs. The Faculties were to have the immediate government and discipline of the several Colleges over which they respectively presided. The Academic Senate was to consist of all the Faculties and instructors of the University combined into one body, and was charged with the consideration ot the general internal affairs of the University, with memorializing the Board of Regents, and with determining appeals from the individual Faculties. To indicate the unity of the institution, the dependence of one part upon another, as well as to insure efficiency and responsibility, one Presi- dent was provided for. He was to be the head of the University in its entirety and in its several parts, " the central pivot of the whole mechanism of the institution." A federal educational union was instituted, composed of indestructible Colleges and an indissoluble University. As an agent in the discharge of the highest functions of the State, the following clauses were designed to prevent the University from being conducted in the interest of anyone set of men or of ideas : "It is ex- pressly provided that no sectarian, political, or partisan test shall ever be THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 4i allowed or exercised in the appointment of Regents, or in the election of professors, teachers, or other oflBcers of the University, or in the admission of students thereto, or for any purpose whatsoever. Nor at any time shall the majority of the Board of Regents be of any one religious sect, or of no religious sect ; and persons of every religious denomination, or of no religious denomination, shall be equally eligible to all offices, appoint- ments, and scholarships." The Charter of the University was prepared, it would seem, almost wholly by John W. Dwindle. Four of the Trustees of the College of California drafted a his use. But it was up a law wh i c h the details neces- all the interests in- keep in view a cer- ousy of classical cul- vide for the so-called of the day, and at had to frame a law and complete Uni- built. The Charter many provisions, it would have been quently corrected or very brief plan for left to him to draw should embrace all sary, and protect volved. He had to tain popular jeal- ture, he had to pro- practical demands the same time he on which a genuine versity might be has, consequently, which, in theory, well to have subse- more explicitly de- JOHN W DWINELLE fined. For instance, an equivocal provision is one relating to examinations for degrees. It seems by its wording to hamper the Faculties. But it was probably designed for a wholly different purpose than would be gathered from a mere reading of the text. It was probably not intended at all for the ordinary students of the University, but for students in other colleges in the State who might seek to receive the degrees of the University. Mr. Dwindle felt that it was laid upon him to solve the difficult problem of combining, in the University, colleges of examination with colleges of instruction. But the law has accomplished its purpose; its excellencies outweigh its defects, and its general purport meets the circumstances 44 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA admirably. Its spirit has always been fulfilled, its letter has never been wilfully violated. It will probably never be essentially altered. It is now imbedded in the substance of the Constitution. Mr. Dwindle built for himself an imperishable monument. The first work in the building of the University, thus outlined by the law, fell to Governor Haight. He was ex officio President of the Board of Regents, and he had the appointment of eight members of the Board. The spirit with which he entered on his duties is indicated by this sentence from a letter of July 3, 1868, to the Trustees of the College of California : " I trust the future history of the University will be such as to reflect honor upon the State, and upon all who have labored and sacrificed in the noble cause of learning and education." The Charter provided for twenty-two Regents divided into three classes, ex officio^ appointed, and honorary. The ex officio were sub- divisible again into those who were official representatives of the State, — Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Superintendent of Schools, and Speaker of the Assembly, and those who represented the agricultural and mechan- ical interests, — the President of the State Agricultural Society and the President of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco. The appointed Regents, eight in number, were selected by the Governor with the approval of the Senate. The honorary Regents, also eight in number, were chosen " from the body of the State by the official and appointed members." The ex officio and appointed Regents met and organized on June 9, 1868, and elected the honorary Regents. The law provided that the full term of office of the appointed and honorary Regents should be sixteen years, but that the Regents first chosen should be so classified that two would go out of office every two years. The distinction between appointed and honorary was shortly afterward abolished by an amend- ment to the Charter, which directed that all except ex officio Regents should be appointed by the Governor with the approval of the Senate. Of the original Board, Dr. Stebbins continued in office until March, 1894, contributing much by his great intellectual ability to the larger policy of the Regents. Andrew S. Hallidie, Esq., still devotes his invaluable THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY ■4? services with constant fidelity, more particularly to the management of the finances. He is the only continuing member of the first Board, but Hon. J. West Martin was appointed in 1871, and has been in continuous service ever since, giving his generous attention more especially to the grounds and buildings. On June 25 the Board appointed a distinguished committee, con- sisting of Regents Doyle, Dwindle, Stebbins, Moss, and Felton, to consider and digest the work to be done for the organiza- tion of the Colleges and the other duties with which they . ff.^ '% were charged by law. On July ; 2 the committee reported, and their recommendations were adopted by the Board. The principles which the Regents then laid down they have followed ever since, even in the face of the per- sistent censure and misrepre- sentation which was directed against them from certain quarters during the first ten years of the University's existence. They interpreted and acted upon the law only as it could properly be con- strued and applied. Time has amply vindicated their first conclu- sions and their resolute maintenance of the position then taken. A cardinal principle of their action was then, and always has been, to let the institution grow^ not to force it beyond the warrant of the resources at their command or the educational possibilities of the community. " It was to be set forth, at the beginning, in dignity and power equal to the munificence that founded it and the parental care that protects it." But HORATIO STEBBINS 46 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA an overspreading luxuriance was never to be allowed to tax too far the supporting strength of its roots. It was possible, and it was best, to await with patience and confidence a gradual and orderly growth and develop- ment. No one man's reputation depended upon any immediate and brilliant success, and the ultimate prosperity of the University was assured, for "it was to be planted in the fruitful soil of a magnanimous commonwealth, and to grow in the genial climate of a liberal government." " The first duty devolving upon this Board," the committee reported, " is to establish the College of Agriculture. To do this we must designate what professorships shall exist in that College ; elect a President of the University and professors to fill the chairs so established, and fix their salaries and terms of oflEce. We must determine when the College of Argriculture shall commence to give instruction ; what shall be the terms of admission to and tuition in it ; and we must provide a place wherein its classes shall be held, and the means of defraying the expenses entailed by all this. " Having organized and established the College of Agriculture, it will probably be found that, by the addition of one or two professors more, we shall have the material from which to establish, in their order, the three other Colleges of applied science required in the law. If the pro- fessors be judiciously selected, the same individual can (especially during the first year and while the number of students in the advanced classes is small) impart instruction in the several branches and to students of the different Colleges. Indeed, the first year's course of studies in these four Colleges can scarcely prove ver3' different, one from the other. " The four Colleges, first required, being thus established, we may proceed to establish the College of Letters. And in that, as before observed, we are at liberty to organize at once the full course of study, if we deem it expedient to do so, in order to accomplish the purposes named in section seven of the law. " It is probable that the addition of one or two professors to the body of those already selected for the other four Colleges will enable us to organize the College of Letters, and, in view of that consideration, and the intimate connection of all the Colleges, the identity of the Professors THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 47 and most of the branches taught during the first year of the course, the committee are of opinion that, while pursuing in good faith the order pointed out in the statute in the establishment of the five Colleges named in it, economy and convenience require that the one should follow so closely on the other, as to make them for all practical purposes simulta- neous, or nearly so." The pressing question then presented itself as to the date of opening the University. When the proposition of the College of California to transfer its property to the University and then disincorporate was made, it was expected that instruction in the University would commence in the autumn of 1868. But the committee of the Regents clearly saw that that was impossible : " To announce the University of California in ninety days would be like extemporizing a pyramid." It was accordingly decided to request the College of California to continue instruction for another year. Meanwhile the Board of Regents were busy completing their own organization and providing the Faculty and material equipment of the University. " At the outset," as they said to the Legislature six years later, " the prospect was not encouraging. All we had to represent the University was an uninhabited site at Berkeley. Everything had to be created." On July 9, W. C. Ralston was elected Treasurer, and on August 12, A.J. Moulder, Secretary. Mr. Moulder resigned the Regency, and John S. Hager was elected in his stead. On August 30, a letter was received from Professor Benjamin Peirce recommending John Le Conte for the chair of Physics, and on October i, letters from various " distinguished gentlemen " were received recommending both John and Joseph Le Conte. On November 17, John Le Conte was elected Professor of Physics. On November 10, Professor Kellogg, who was still in the service of the College of California, was nominated, and, on December i, elected to the chair of Ancient Lan- guages. On this same day, December i, R. A. Fisher was elected Professor of Chemistry, Mining, and Metallurgy, and Joseph Le Conte, Professor of Geology, Botany and Natural History. And, so, academic seniority ran this way: John Le Conte, Kellogg, Fisher, Joseph Le Conte. 48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA During the summer of 1869, Paul Pioda, E. S. Carr, William Swinton, W. T. Welcker, Frank Soule, Jr., and R. E. Ogilby, were appointed to complete the initial Faculty of the University. Professor John Le Conte was invited by the Regents to come before the time set for opening the University in order to assist in the work of organization. He arrived in California in March, 1869. On January 16, in accordance with a motion of Regent Butterworth, the Board appointed a committee, consisting of Regents Ralston, Butterworth, and Stebbins, to act as " executive head of the University " until a President was elected. In conjunction with this committee, Professor Le Conte outlined the organization of the Colleges, set the requirements for admission, arranged the courses of instruction, and issued a pros- pectus for the coming year. The scheme thus devised was never essentially departed from until the readjustments of 1892. On June 14, 1869, Professor Le Conte was appointed, in the absence of a permanent President, to discharge the duties of that officer. John and Joseph Le Conte were descended from a French Hugue- not family. Their earliest American ancestor, Guillaurae Le Conte, left his native city of Rouen on account of the religious and political troubles, that arose from the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and, after having passed several years in England in the service of William of Orange, emigrated in 169S to this country and settled in the neigh- borhood of New York. One of his great-grandsons, John Eatton Le Conte, himself well known in the history of American science, became the father of John Lawrence Le Conte, the distinguished entomologist. Another great-grandson of Guillaume was Louis Le Conte, who was born in 1782, in the neighborhood of New York City, and was graduated from Columbia College in 1800. About 1810 he removed to Liberty County, Georgia, to take possession of a large property in land and negroes which had been left him by his father. Louis Le Conte married, in Georgia, Ann Quaterman, a young lady of English Puritan descent. Of their seven children, four sons and three daughters, John was born on December 4, 1818, and Joseph, February 26, 1823. Their father " lived on his plantation and devoted himself entirely THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 49 JtA. -. «««» to the care and management of his large property and to the passionate pursuit of science in nearly all departments, but especially in those of chemistry and botany, in both of which his knowledge was both extensive and accurate. The large attic of his plantation house was fitted up as a chemical laboratory, in which he carried on researches daily. I well remember" (we are quoting the words of Professor Joseph Le Conte) "what a privilege it was to us boys to be permitted sometimes to be present, and with what silent awe and tip-toe steps we, especially John, followed him about and watched those mysterious ex- periments. His devotion to bot- any was even, if possible, still more intense. A large area of several acres of inclosed prem- ises was devoted to the mainte- nance of a bot- anical and floral garden, widely known at that time as one of the best in the United States, and often visited by botanists, both American and foreign. It was the never-ceasing delight of the children. The tenderest memories cluster about it, especially about the image of our father in his daily walks there after break- fast, sipping his last cup of coffee, enjoying its beauty, planning improvements, and directing the labor of the old negro gardener, ' Daddy Dick.' Louis Le Conte was one of a type of scholars now almost extinct. Such simple, disinterested love of truth for its own sake, such open-eyed, yet thoughtful, observation in all directions, JOHN AND JOSEPH LE CONTE ^O THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA such keen insight, such passionate love of Nature, and all combined with such utter forgetfulness of self and absence of any ambition or vanity of reputation. " The mother died early (John was then eight years old)," continues Professor Joseph Le Conte, " and the boys were left wholly in the care of the father. His theory of education of boys was to give as much freedom as was at all consistent with safety. It is easy to imagine the passionate love, the reverence approaching to fear and even worship, with which he inspired his children. The effect of such a life and such a char- acter on young John is simply inestimable. To the day of his death John looked back on his father with the greatest love and reverence, and upon his influence as the greatest of all influences in forming his character ; and, indeed, of all the children John most resembled his father." The elementary education of John and Joseph Le Conte was received in a neighborhood school, and, with frequent change of teachers, was desultory in the extreme. They both accounted the influence of one of their teachers, Alexander H. Stephens, however, as making lasting im- pressions on their minds. But it was intercourse with their father that gave the bent to their scientific studies. Habits of observation were favored by country life and by fondness for field sports. Their academic education was received at Franklin College, in the University of Georgia, where John was graduated in 1838, and Joseph in 1841. Their father had died during John's senior year in college. They then received a medical education at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, from which they received the degrees of Doctor of Medicine, John in 1841, and Joseph in 1845. From 1842 to 1846 John, and from 1845 to 1850 Joseph, devoted themselves to the practice of medicine, the former at Savannah, the latter at Macon, Georgia. Their occupation in this profession forms, however, only a transition stage in the work of their life. " Among the four faculties that constitute a university," as the successor of Professor John Le Conte in the chair of Physics in the University of California has said, " there is one that has always stood read}^ to afford an outlet for the gratification of tastes for natural science and a line of advance for the student, although an oblique advance, toward such desired end. It is a WALK NEAR CONSERVATORY. UNIVERSITY GROUNDS p THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA well-known trnth that the schools of medicine offered a sanctuary within which the lamp of science continued to burn dimly during times of great general darkness. We need only to recall such instances as Young and Helmholtz, who both entered through this door upon the work in science which has rendered their names illustrious. Young successfully revived the wave theory of light; Helmholtz, besides other great desert, is intimately connected with the history of the principle known as the con- servation of energy. It was natui-al, then, that Professor John Le Conte" and his brother no less " should imitate such examples, and seek in the study of medicine the line of directest approach toward the goal of their wishes." John Le Conte, then, gladly accepted a call to the professorship of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry in Franklin College, a position which he filled from 1S46 to 1855. "He had now at last," Professor Joseph Le Conte tells us, " found his true field of activity, and entered upon it with the greatest enthusiasm. As may be anticipated, therefore, he never returned to the practice of medicine, but devoted himself unremittingly to teaching, investigating, and writing on his favorite subjects during the rest of his life, /. ^., for forty-five years." And Joseph Le Conte was drawn away from medicine by a craving for pure knowledge, and was led by the fame of Professor Agassiz to seek, in 1850, the acquaintance and instruction of the great teacher at Cambridge. His enthusiasm for nature, which has ever had a gentle, sweet, and hallowed tone, might equally well have led him into realms of art or literature, but was about this time, perhaps under the influence of the teaching and companionship of Agassiz, permanently set in the direction of science. The months of January and February, 1851, these kindred minds spent together on the keys and reefs of Florida, engaged in studying their mode of formation. Later in this year Joseph Le Conte returned to Georgia and was elected to the professorship of Natural Science in Oglethorpe University. This chair included such various subject as physics, chemistry, geology, and natural history, and he readily exchanged it for the chair, tendered him in 1852, of Geology and Natural History in the University of Georgia. The two brothers were thus again together, both of them now engaged in the work THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY ^3 for which they were pre-eminently fitted. Here Professor Joseph Le Coute, " in four years of laborious class-room work, laid the foundation of his success as a teacher and lecturer." During the year 1855-56 Professor John Le Conte lectured on chemistry in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Then in 1856 both of the brothers were elected to professorships in South Carolina College, at Columbia, John to the chair of Physics, and Joseph to that of Geology and Natural History. They held these positions until 1862. The years so spent were a period of great activity with both of them. They found the intellectual atmosphere of Columbia congenial to their refined and sensitive natures. The literary character of this society stimulated Professor Joseph Le Conte to au expression of his instinct for letters, and confirmed in Professor John Le Conte his well- finished style of composition. In 1862 the exigencies of the war caused the disbaudment of the college. Professor John Le Conte was appointed by the Confederate government superintendent of the Nitre and Mining Bureau, at Col- umbia, with the rank of Major. Professor Joseph Le Conte was at first engaged as chemist in the government laboratory for the manufacture of medicines, and then as chemist in the bureau over which his brother presided. They continued in this work till the close of the war. In 1866 the University of South Carolina was reorganized, and the brothers resumed their former professorships. But the war had left the State of South Carolina crippled, had swept away the private fortunes of our Professors, and had for the time destroyed all opportunities for men of scientific tastes. Therefore, when, in 1868, the call was extended to them from the incipient University of California, " the two — -par iiobile fratruni''' — to quote words of Professor Kellogg, written in 1891, Pro- fessor John Le Conte, at the age of fifty, and Professor Joseph Le Coute, at the age of forty-six, — ^" brought hither their wealth of experience and reputation, with a devotion to their work, au elevation of view, a success in new achievement, which for this twenty-two years of the University's existence have been among its chief titles to its good repute." ?4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA It had been expected, when the work was first planned, that the site at Berkeley would be occupied with the opening of the University, — but delays and disappointments postponed the removal from j^ear to year. Consequently instruction was begun in the old college buildings on Twelfth Street, Oakland, on September 23, 1S69, and was there carried on until the graduation of the class of 1873. In the first year there was an attendance of about forty students, under the instruction of a Faculty of ten members, eight Professors, one Assistant Professor, and one instructor. These have all been named. In 1 87 1 Willard B. Rising was elected Professor of Min- ing and Metallurgy. The appointment was afterward changed so as to cover chemistry and metallurgy. From 1 87 1 Julius Grossman and M. M. Corrella gave instruction in German and Spanish respectively. In 1872 George W. Bunnell was appointed Assistant Professor of Ancient Languages, to succeed Professor Tait, who had resigned, and Colonel Samuel Jones, of West Point, was made Adjunct Professor of Mathematics. J. M. Phillips was also added as Instructor in Hebrew. There could not be a complete organization of the Colleges of the Uni- versity while it was in temporary quarters. The Regents attempted in good faith to fulfill the requirements of the law. The appointment of Professor Carr gave a head to the College of Agriculture and a direction to its complete organization, The appointment of Professor John Le STEPHEN J. FIELD THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 5"^ Conte organized the College of Mechanics, and the appointment of Professor Fisher that of the College of Mines. The College of Civil Engineering was practically organized by the mathematical instruction of Professors Welcker and Soule. It was formally organized in 1872 by the appointment of Mr. Soule as Professor of Civil Engineering and Astronomy. But, while the Regents secured apparatus and material for instruction in physics, mechanics, chemistry, and surveying, the machine shops and laboratories for efficient work in mechanics and mining could not be supplied in the temporary home in Oakland. Furthermore, Pro- fessor Fisher's connection with the University was severed in October, 1870, and his place was not filled until the arrival, in September, 1872, of Professor Rising, who organized, not the College of Mines, but the College of Chemistry, which had been authorized by the Political Code. The work of the College of California being handed on to the University, the College of Letters was, of course, in immediate and full operation. The curriculum of the University in these initial years was nec- essarily meager. It consisted of instruction, sound and thorough perhaps, but of narrow compass. Election of studies was extremely limited. In the College of Letters, Latin and Greek were prescribed for three years ; in the fourth year the choice of studies was so restricted that the classics were almost of necessity continued. Mathematics was studied through two-thirds of the Sophomore year. Three years of a modern language were required. English and history, taught by one Professor, were shirked, although brilliant illumination could be cast upon the subject when the Professor was of a mind to exert himself. The same Professor gave more evenly valuable instruction in rhetoric and logic. Physiology and hygiene were prescribed in the Freshman year, but the lectures were scenes of everything except attention to the lecturer. Chemistry was required of the Sophomores. The courses in physics and natural history were the same for all students and were prescribed in all the Colleges. Every regular student attended for three years the lectures of both Professor John Le Conte and Professor Joseph Le Conte. The lectures of the latter included botany, zoology, and ^6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA geology. While President Durant continued with us, from 1870 to 1872, the Seniors enjoyed communion with him on topics of moral philosophy. Announced lectures on political economy, history of civili- zation, and international law, were expressions of a hope rather than of a realized state of things. Practically, the only election was in advanced mathematics, free-hand drawing, and chemical laboratory. In the Colleges of Science, the courses differed from that of the College of Letters, chiefly in substituting for the classics a larger amount of mathematics, chemistry and surveying. The combined instruction which they offered constituted a general course in science, with but little election among studies, and with but slight variation among the Colleges. The Regents have made but three appointments to the position of honorary professor in the University. Two of these were made in 1870 by the selection of Stephen J. Field, Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and of George Davidson, Chief of the United States Pacific Coast Survey, the former as Honorary Professor of Law, the latter as Honorary Professor of Geodesy and Astronomy. Mr. Justice Field was born in Haddam, Connecticut, November 4, 1816. He came to California in 1S49, ^.nd was the first alcalde of Marysville. He continued as such until the organization of the judiciary under the Constitution of the State. He was a member of the first Legislature, and was prominent in the passing of the laws governing the judicial department of the State and regulating the civil and criminal procedure of the courts. In 1857 he was elected a Justice of the Supreme Court of California, and in 1859 he became Chief Justice of this court. In 1863 President Lincoln appointed him to the Supreme Court of the United States. His distinguished career as a jurist since then is a part of our national history. It was expected that his election would lead to the speedy organization of a Law Department. In this, however, there was necessarily disappointment ; and the judicial duties of Mr. Justice Field, together with other circumstances, have postponed his promised courses of lectures. THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY S7 Professor Davidson was born in Nottingham, England, May 9, 1825. He came to the United States in 1832. While a student in Philadelphia he had shown interest in scientific work, and had assisted Professor Alexander D. Bache in his observation of the magnetic elements at Girard College. He was next connected with Professor Bache in the work of the Coast Survey. From 1846 to 1850 he was engaged in geodetic field work and in astronomy. In 1850 he came to California under the auspices of the Coast Survey. Ex- cept during the years from i86r to 1866, when he was again in the Eastern States, he has been engaged in scientific work on the Pacific Coast. While on the Atlantic sea- board, during the pe- riod of the war, he was occupied principally in engineering work on coast and river de- fenses ; but he was also chief engineer of an expedition for the survey of a ship-canal across the isthmus of Darien. In 1867 he was placed in charge of the Coast Survey on the Pacific. In his earlier sojourn here, he was engaged in the deter- mination of the latitude and longitude of prominent capes, bays, etc., of GEORGE DAVIDSON ^8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA the magnetic elements of the Pacific Coast, in the survey of Washington and Puget sounds, and in the triangulation of the coast in the region of San Francisco. Since 1876 he has had charge of the main triangulation and astronomical work of this coast. The records show that the results of his observations stand higher than any ever executed in America, Europe or India, and they have been characterized as " unique in the history of geodesy." The measurement of the Yolo base line in 1881 was the longest yet attempted in trigonometrical operations. The system of triangulation there used is known as the "Davidson quadrilaterals." The Davidson Astronomical Observatory in San Francisco was the first on the Pacific Coast. Professor Davidson's astronomical work includes many important observations. In connection with his scientific work, he has made valuable contributions to, and corrections of, our knowledge of the explorations of the early navigators on our shores. Their land-falls have been carefully located by him. He has elaborately investigated the question of Drake's visit to the neighborhood of San Francisco Bay, showing conclusivelj'- that the Bnglish admiral never entered the Golden Gate. From 1877 ^o 1884 Professor Davidson was an energetic member of the Board of Regents. Two important pieces of legislation were passed by the Board of Regents within about a year after the opening of the University. They seem both to have owed their inception to Secretary Moulder, and to have been drawn up by him. They were introduced into the Board by Regent Butterworth. By the first of these, on December 13, 1869, all admission and tuition fees were abolished. The benefits of the University were thus opened to all qualified men, whether from California, from elsewhere in the United States, or from abroad, without cost. By the second, on October 3, 1870, all advantages enjoyed by men were extended to women on equal terms. The University of Michigan, after several years' agitation, had taken similar action on January 5, 1S70. One young woman graduated at Berkeley in the class of 1874, and there has since been a gradually increasing number of women in attendance at the University. The Constitution of 1879 THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY ?9 decreed, as a part of the fundamental law, that " no person shall be debarred admission to any of the collegiate departments of the University on account of sex." We feel that it is quite unnecessary to discuss the question of co- education here. If it is still a matter of experiment, it is not so in the narrower sense, but in a sense that transcends the experience of one or two or many generations. If any have doubts about its expediency, they cannot draw any argu- ments against it from our experience in California. The first attempts to ob- tain a President showed that the original Board was not wholly alive to the nature of the office they wished to fill. Their first choice was General George B. McClellan. He declined. Their next offer, June 21, 1870, was to Professor D. C. Gilman. He declined. They then turned to the one who had planted the first seed of the Univer- sity, Henry Durant. He was elected August 16, 1870, and served for two years. He then considered that his time for retirement had arrived, and resigned. The Regents turned again to Professor Gilman, and he, due to the encouragement of Dr. Horace Bushnell, and perhaps others, this time accepted, and brought to the California University all the vigor of a just fully matured manhood. Daniel Coit Gilman was born in Norwich, Connecticut, Julj^ 6, 1831. He was graduated at Yale College in 1852. He continued his studies for a while at New Haven. Later he attended lectures at the University of DANIEL C. GILMAN 6o THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Berlin, pursuing especially the courses under Carl Ritter and Adolph Trendelenburg. In his extensive travels in Europe lie examined care- fully educational and social institutions. He was particularly interested in the study of the physical structure of the various countries and its influence on their social and political development. On his return to America in 1855 he was appointed Librarian of Yale College, and subse- quently Professor of Political and Physical Geography, and Secretary of the governing Board of the Sheffield Scientific School. For a short time he was Superintendent of the public schools of New Haven, and afterward Secretary of the State Board of Education. He was recognized as an extremely able administrative officer. He had large and rational views on education. He had a full appreciation of the many departments of the varied culture that constitutes the modern University. He was an excellent judge of men. He could overlook a great detail of work. His gracious and polished manners, and his ready speech, won the attention and favorable interest of individuals in conversation and of audiences in public address. He was esteemed, for native qualities and trained facul- ties, to belong to the highest type of American college presidents. President Oilman was formall}^ installed in office, in Oakland, on November 7, 1S72. A few extracts from his worthy inaugural address should be given in this story of the Uuiversity's development. The grandeur of the task to which he had been called, and to which he expected to devote his life, inspired him to a noble effort. It is one of his notable productions on the subject of education. " Two things are settled by the Charter of this institution, and are embodied in the very name it bears. " First, it is a University, and not a high school, nor a college, nor an academy of sciences, nor an industrial school, which we are charged to build. Some of these features may, indeed, be included in or developed with the University ; but the University means more than any or all of them. The University is the most comprehensive term which can be employed to indicate a foundation for the promotion and diffusion of knowledge, — a group of agencies organized to advance the arts and sciences of every sort, and to train young men as scholars for all the THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY ^51 intellectual callings of life. Universities differ widely in their internal structure. The older institutions are mostly complex, including a great varietj^ of faculties, colleges, chairs, halls, scholarships, and collections, more or less closely bound together as one establishment, endowed with investments, privileges and immunities, and regarded as indispensable both to the moral and material progress of the community, or, in other words, as essential both to Church and State. In this country the name is often misapplied to a simple college, probably with that faith which is ' the substance of things hoped for, and the evidence of things not seen.' We must beware lest we, too, have the name without the reality. Around the nucleus of the traditional college, which has been well maintained since the earliest days of this State, we must build the schools of advanced and liberal culture, in all the great departments of learning, just as fast as may be possible; and we must at least begin to recognize the various sciences by chairs which may each be the nucleus of a school or department. " Second, the Charter and the name declare that this is the ' Uni- versity of California.' It is not the University of Berlin or of New Haven which we are to copy ; it is not the University of Oakland or of San Francisco which we are to create, but it is the University of this State. It must be adapted to this people, to their public and private schools, to their peculiar geographical position, to the requirements of their new society and their undeveloped resources. It is not the founda- tion of an ecclesiastical body nor of private individuals. It is ' of the people and for the people,' — not in any low or unworthy sense, but in the highest and noblest relations to their intellectual and moral well-being. "Busy though we be as the builders of this University, the hours of rest will follow on the hours of toil ; doubtless, also, disappointment and embarrassment, those unwelcome thieves, will haunt us with their presence. In these hours of repose and doubt, we shall often ask ourselves: What is all this building for? Why do we spend our mone}- for that which is not bread, our labor for that which satisfieth not? Why all this eagerness for books and teachers, for halls and funds ? Why all these anxious thoughts about education, and culture, and 62 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA University progress? You, sir, my honored predecessor, about to throw ofF the academic gown; you, my colleagues in the Faculty; you, gentlemen of the Board of Regents,— already know that ours is no easy undertaking. With what philosophy can we fit ourselves for a long and weary task? Not we alone are to ask this question. The State, before renewing its endowments, the national government, before repeating its grant, the men of wealth before founding new CLASS OF 1873 r. B. Reiiisteiii C. [. Wetijiore Jas. 1-1. BudJ T. P. Woodivard F. Rhoria N. Newiiiark C C. Edwards L. L. Hawkins G. J. Ainsworth E.Scott Frank Otis J. M.Bolton professorships, and the fathers before sending us their boys, will often ask, ' What for ? ' Let us have our answer ready. Let us trace the influences which have proceeded from Athens, where Socrates and Plato taught, — teachers whose words still nurture our statesmen and theologians ; from Bologna and Paris, where students dwelt by thousands ; from Oxford and Cambridge, where so many of the foremost leaders of Anglican literature, politics and science were fitted THE INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY 6^ for their career ; from the seats of learning in Germany, now surpassing in number of teachers and students the universities of every other state ; from the colleges of New England and the Atlantic sea-board: — let us study such examples, and say with courage and hope that the University of California shall be a place where all the experience of past generations, so far as it is of record, and all that is known of the laws of nature, shall be at command for the benefit of this generation and those who come after us ; that here shall be heard the voice of the wisest thinkers, and here shall be seen the examples of the most diligent students in every department of science. Let us say, that here high-minded youth, while they train their powers as in a gymnasium, may also fit themselves with armor for the battle of life, and may study examples of noble activity. Let us see to it that here are brought together the books of every nation, and those who can read them ; the collections from all the kingdoms of nature, and those who can interpret them ; the instruments of research and analysis, and those who can employ them ; and let us be sure that, the larger the capital we thus invest, the greater will be the dividend. " What is the University for ? It is to fit young men for high and noble careers, satisfactory to themselves and useful to mankind ; it is to bring before the society of to-day the failures and the successes of societies in the past ; it is to discover and make known how the forces of nature may be subservient to mankind ; it is to hand down to the generations which come after us the torch of experience by which we have been enlightened. It is wisdom that the University promotes, — wisdom, for individuals and nations, for this life and the future, — a power to distinguish the useless, the false and the fragile from the good, the true, and the lasting." The commencement of the class of 1873 closed the transitional and formative period of the University, the period of temporary' location in Oakland. In order to signalize the early removal to Berkeley, the graduation exercises were held, July 13, in the buildings which were then neariug completion. In horse cars and carriages about a thousand 64 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA persons made their way on that fair summer afternoon from Oakland to the isolated settlement which contained only about a dozen houses. President Oilman, Governor Booth, and Bishop Kip made addresses. President Oilman gave greeting to the class in these closing words : "In the year 1642, at Cambridge, Massachusetts, the first American ' commencement,' based on the usage of old Cambridge and Oxford, was publicly held. The historian tells us that ' upon this novel and auspicious occasion the venerable fathers of the land, the Oovernor, magistrates, and ministers from all parts, with others in great numbers, repaired to Cambridge and attended, with delight, to refined displays of European learning on a spot which just before was the abode of savages.' From that day to this, in unbroken sequence, each harvest time has welcomed a new accession to the scholars' ranks, and we are now repeat- ing on the shores of the Pacific those academic usages. With these external rites let r:s strive to perpetuate the old spirit of the scholar, the spirit of labor and self-sacrifice, the love of learning and culture, the desire to gather up the experience of the past for the benefit of the future. With this high commission, the University of California sends you forth, the first of its four-year classes. You are twelve in number : be jurors, sworn to declare the truth as you find it ; be apostles, bearing everywhere the Master's lessons." CHAPTER IV. BERKELEY. " To Berkeley, every virtue under Heaven." THE FRANCISCANS, after the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767, were given the control of the missions in Lower California and charged with the duty of carrying, with the assistance of the military, the standard of Spain northward into the countries visited by the Spanish navigators. The work was undertaken by the great missionary, Junipero Serra. He had, as priestly coadjutors, his faithful friend and biographer, Francisco Palou, and the pious and lovable Juan Crespi. Among those on the secular side were Portola, Rivera y Moncada, Pedro Fages and Mignel Costanso. The several parties that set out on the expedition came together in the port of San Diego on July i, 1769, which, as our historian, Theodore H. Hittell, says, may well be taken for the natal day of Alta California. There was no pausing in the work they had undertaken. They had had enjoined on them as the objects of their enterprise the establishment of the Catholic faith, the extension of the dominion of Spain and the obstruction of the ambitious schemes of a foreign nation. No pains could be spared without offense to God, their king and their country. After founding a mission at San Diego, an expedition was dis- patched for Monterey. They missed that port, however, and wandered as far as the San Francisco peninsula, and came out one daj' on the ridge back of Palo Alto, whence the bay now known as San Francisco was first seen by men of European blood. They gazed out on the ocean, too, and northward, and saw the Farallones and Point Reyes, and recognized underneath that promontory the lost harbor of San Francisco. The voyagers returned south. In 1772 another 66 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA expedition was dispatched to strive to reach this port, for the Franciscan fathers thought it a pious duty of theirs to establish at that ancient anchorage a mission to the holy founder of their Order, Saint Francis of Assisi. This company, of twelve soldiers, a muleteer and an Indian, under the secular charge of Lieutenant Fages and the spiritual conduct of Father Crespi, started from Monterey on the 20th of March. Crespi and Fages reached what is now Hollister on the second day. On the 25th they encamped on Alameda Creek, near Niles. Next day, crossing the San Leandro and San Lorenzo creeks, they reach a peninsula covered with oaks, — eiicinal^ — the modern town of Alameda. On Friday, the 27th, they climb the series of low hills at Brooklyn, or East Oakland, in order to pass around " an estuary, which, skirting the grove, extends some four or five leagues inland until it heads in the sierra," i. (?., Lake Merritt. Thence they pass through a great plain, and pause opposite the " mouth by which the great estuaries communicate with the Ensenada de los Farallones." They stand, that is to say, on March 27, 1772, the first of civilized men, on the high lands of modern Berkeley, and gaze over that marvelous expanse of plain and water and mountain heights that has entranced so many of later generations. And they look out through the strait that con- nects the embosomed haven with the unending ocean. They note the islands in this " brazo del niar^'' and, camping for the night on Cerrito Creek, pass on northward in search of the bay of Saint Francis, which they think must lie on the farther side of Tamalpais. They were stayed in their course by the Carquinez Straits and the San Joaquin River, and returned southward past Mount Diablo. It was concluded that the only way to reach the sought-for harbor was by water. In 1775, accordingly, an expedition by sea was ordered. The San Carlos was the vessel selected, with Juan de Ayala, a lieutenant in the royal navy, as commander. On the evening of August i, pro- ceeding with caution, the ship sailed through the hitherto untraversed waters into the hospitable harbor. The voyagers failed to find the outlet from this bay into the lost port, and, with a faint vision of the majesty BERKELEY 67 and importance of this great gulf, they determined to establish, pro- visionally, a mission and presidio on the peninsula, as being the most convenient place accessible near the real but vanished San Francisco. The Presidio was founded September 17, 1776, and the Mission October 9. With the occupation of the peninsula, and its growing supremacy, it came to be forgotten that our San Francisco was not the original Spanish port of that name. And hence it was commonly believed and stated that Drake, and other navigators, had entered within the waters of o^py^iflM isnn )ii Gt W liti-l THE GOLDEN GATE our b3.y. But in the course of his extensive reading and historical study, Mr. John T. Doyle, having come upon Crespi's Diary, arrived at the conclusion, and published, in 1873, his belief, that the old anchorage was outside our harbor, namely, in Drake's Ba3^ Then Professor David- son, with a keenness of intuition born of his historical spirit, his scientific education, and his accurate knowledge of the coast, inferred that there must be a missing record made by the engineer, Costanso. Such a record, maps and notes, he did find, and later, studying the matter elabo- rately, he laid bare the whole secret of all the early explorations of our 68 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA coast, settling definitely that tlie first ship that passed into our bay of San Francisco was the San Carlos, in 1775. The surpassing importance of the great harbor never appealed to the Spanish occupant. It was not until the coming of the American that its natural and commercial grandeur was comprehended. This spirit and insight of the American was all typified in the inspired and prophetic mind of Fremont, who, the herald of the "course of empire," had established the western seat of American supremacy on these shores. He observed the form and characteristics of this land- encompassed gulf, and divined, before the discovery of gold, the incalculable resources of the country and the immeas- urable commerce that would pass through the narrow straits. With an inspiration, then, which, like all inspira- tion, works to the end it prophesies, he wrote upon his map of 1848, opposite this entrance, " the name of Chrysopy/iT, or Golden Gate, for the same reason that the GEN. JOHN c. FREMONT harbor of Byzautium, after- wards Constantinople, was called Ckrysoceras, or Golden Horn." On June 11, 1797, the Mission of San Jose was founded, with services conducted by the refined and scholarly Father Lasuen. This may be regarded as the first step in the settlement of what is now Alameda County. The mission was one of the most prosperous of the Franciscan establishments. For a long time it was second only to San Luis Rey. The famous Father Duran was in charge from 1806 to 1833. BERKELEY 69 In 1820 Governor Pablo Vincente de Sola, the last Spanish and the first Mexican Governor of California, conferred on Don Luis Peralta the princely San Antonio raucho, with an extent of fifteen leagues. Don Luis, however, lived on another grant in Santa Clara County, while he gave the San Antonio to his four sons. These lived together near San Leandro nntil 1842, when one day in August Don Luis came up from San Jose. They all five mounted their horses and rode across the rancho. The father divided the propertj^ as equally as possible into four shares, each extending from the foothills to the bay, and marked off by natural boundaries. The most southerly portion, the neighborhood of San Leandro, was assigned to Ygnacio, the next, proceding north, and including Brooklyn and Alameda, to Antonio Maria, the third, covering what was known as the Hncinal de Temescal, or Oakland, to Vincente, and the northernmost, or Berkeley, to Jose Domingo. The earliest American settlers came only about ten years later, when, in 1852, F. K. Shattuck, George M. Blake and William Hillegass commenced farming on the site of Berkeley. In 1853 Alameda County was organized, being set off out of Santa Clara and Contra Costa counties. In 1856 Horace Bushnell was in California for the benefit of his health. He was invited by the Trustees of the College of California to accept its Presidency. While weighing this matter iu his mind, he under- took, in order to do the College a service and to secure the outdoor air he needed, to search for a suitable site for the seat of learning. His jour- neyings extended up and down the bay, and into the valleys of Napa and Sonoma. Sometimes Professor Durant was his companion, and some- times one of the College Trustees and Treasurer of the corporation, Edward McLean, a cultured and thoughtful man, of fine taste and keen appreciation. Dr. Bushnell's own choice seems to have lain between a site near Clinton, or East Oakland, and one near Napa. The selection of Berkeley is assigned to Professor Durant by one who knew him long and well and had his confidence and esteem, John B. Felton. These are Mr. Felton's words, as pronounced at services in memory of President Durant, in February, 1875 : " A few j^ears ago, but many years in 70 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Californian experience, Mr. Durant set out with some friends to seek a place where learning might find a permanent home on our Pacific shore. He passed in review many of the most beautiful valleys of our State, so rich in landscapes that delight the eye and gladden and ennoble the heart. One by one he rejected sites full of beauty, for in his mind there was an ideal spot where Nature would present herself in her loveliest form to the young student, and lead him by her display of outward beauty to an appreciation of all that is good and beautiful in the inner world of the heart and the mind. " One morning in spring, when the air, purified by the rains of winter, brought out in clear relief the lines of ocean, valley, hill and mountain, when the trees were budding and the turf was green, and a vague, dark spot in the sunlight — the Farallon Islands — showed itself through the Golden Gate, he passed through fields unbroken by roads, untrodden b}^ man, and came to the present site of Berkeley. " ' Eureka ! ' he exclaimed, ' Eureka ! I have found it. I have found it.' " Below him stretched the great bay of San Francisco, where ships take on their cargo and pass on through the narrow straits to the broad ocean, to encounter the calm and the storm, to brave the hurricane and the sunken rock, to founder through ignorance or mismanagement, or to arrive through skill and prudence at the distant haven, — a no unfitting emblem of the University where the staunch young soul takes on its cargo and sets out on its long voyage of life. Beautiful trees and foliage covered the wrinkles of the mountains, hollowed by the descending winter rains, and seemed like those soft green thoughts that spring up in the mind in the channels hollowed by our tears after some great and hallowed sorrow, — such thoughts as arise in our minds now in the track of our tears as we contemplate at once the virtues and the loss of our friend. " And, rising calmly from the sunlit bay, the soft green slope ascended, gently at first, and then more abruptly, till it became a rugged storm-worn mountain and then disappeared in the sky. As he gazed upou the glowing landscape he knew he had found it. BERKELEY 71 He had found what he sought through life. Not alone the glory of the material landscape drew from him the cry, ' Eureka ! I have found it.' Before him, on that beautiful spring morning, other scenes, invisible save to him, passed before his mental vision. On the hill that looks out through the Golden Gate he saw the stately edifice opening wide its gates to all, the rich and the poor, the woman and the man ; the spacious library loomed up before him, with its well-filled shelves, bringing together in ennobling communion the souls of the great and good of past ages with the souls of the young, fresh starters in the onward march of progress. In its peaceful walls those who had made a new goal for progress were urging on their descendants to begin where their career had ended, and to recognize no good as final save that which ends in perfect and entire knowledge. And before him in long procession the shadowy forms defiled of those to come. Standing on the heights of Berkeley he bade the distant generations ' Hail ! ' and saw them rising, ' demanding life impatient for the skies ' from what were then fresh, unbounded wildernesses on the shore of the great tranquil sea. " He welcomed them to the treasures of science and the delight of learning, to the immeasurable good of rational existence, the immortal hopes of Christianity, the light of everlasting truth. " And so, hero and sage, the memory of whose friendship raises me in my own esteem, I love to think of thee. I love to think of thee thus standing on the heights of Berkeley, with the strong emotion lighting thy features and the cry ' Eureka ! ' on thy lips, as thy gaze goes through the Golden Gate to the broad Pacific Ocean beyond." It was on March i, 1858, that the Board of Trustees decided that this site should be the permanent location of the College of California. On April 16, i860, " a clear and beautiful spring day," the Trustees drove to the College Grounds, as the place was called, and met on a " great rock, or outcropping ledge, situated about midway between the two ravines." There were present Rev. Dr. W. C. Anderson, THE "GREAT ROCK' BERKELEY 73 President; Rev. S. H. Willey, Secretary; Rev. D. B. Cheney, Rev. E. S. Lacy, Rev. Henry Durant, Frederick Billings, E. B. Goddard, Edward McLean, and Ira P. Rankin. The purpose of the meeting was to dedicate the site to the holy cause of learning. After the Board had passed the proper resolutions, "the President, standing upon the rock, surrounded by the members of the Board, with heads uncovered, offered prayer to God for His blessing on what we had done, imploring his favor upon the College which we proposed to build there, asking that it might be accepted of Him, and ever remain a seat of Christian learning, a blessing to the youth of this State, and a center of usefulness in all this part of the world." The selection of a name for the town that was to grow up about the College was the subject of long and anxious dis- cussion. Numberless suggestions from Frederick Law Olmstead, and others, were made, but none was satisfactory. But Frederick Billings, with a vision from the " great rock " of the Golden Gate, through which Crespi and Fages had first gazed, and which Fremont had named, one day had a flash of recollection pass before his mind, and an inspiration Frederick billings fill his soul. "Berkeley," he mused, "Berkeley, the author of those prophetic lines, — why wouldn't BERKELEY be a good name for our town?" And on May 24, 1S66, "Berkeley" was, on the suggestion, unanimously chosen ; and " Berkeley," the name of the scholar and divine, to whom Pope ascribed " every virtue under heaven," was written across the eternal hills that look through the Golden Gate, " the road of passage and union between two hemi- spheres." 74 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BISHOP BERKELEY'S VERSES ON THK PROSPECT OF PLANTING ARTS AND LEARNING IN AMERICA. The Muse, disgusted at an age and clime, Barren of every glorious theme. In distant lands now waits a better time. Producing subjects worthy fame : In happy climes, where from the genial sun And virgin earth such scenes ensue. The force of art by nature seems undone. And fancied beauties by the true : In happy climes, the seat of innocence, Where nature guides and virtue rules, Where men shall not impose for truth and sense The pedantry of courts and schools : There shall be sung another golden age. The rise of empire and of arts. The good and great inspiring epic rage. The wisest heads and noblest hearts. Not such as Europe breeds in her decay ; Such as she bred when fresh and young, When heavenly flame did animate her clay. By future poets shall be sung. Westward the course of empire takes its way ; The four first Acts already past, A fifth shall close the drama with the day ; Time's noblest offspring is the last. BERKELEY 7^ George Berkeley was born March 12, 1685, at Dysert Castle, on the banks of the Nore, not far from the city of Kilkenny, Ireland. He matriculated at Trinity College, Diiblin, in 1700, where he had a distinguished career. He received a scholarship in 1702, took the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1704, and was awarded a fellowship in 1707. From about 1703 he began to put his thoughts on record in his " Commonplace Book," one of the most valuable of autobiographical records. In 1 71 3 he visited Eng- land and was presented at court by Swift. " His splen- did abilities and fine, courte- ous manners, combined with the purity and uprightness of his character, made him a universal favorite." The following year he was in France and Italy, and was absent from Great Britain for five years. In 1721 he returned, spending a few months in London, and then, at the age of thirty-seven, revisited his old academic home in Trinity College. "His desire, in the years that followed his return to BISHOP BERKELEY Ireland, after his residence in England and on the Continent of Europe, — where he observed the scholasticism of the universities, the debasement of social rank, and the professional religion of ecclesi- astics,— was to sacrifice the fruits of his own social advancement in favor of a more hopeful civilization and a more geuuine academic life." (Our quotations are all from the study by Professor Campbell Eraser, of the University of Edinburgh.) 76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA He had found the nation plunged in the misery that followed the failure of the South Sea scheme. As a protest against the social corruption of Englaud, he wrote a fervid tract, entitled, an " Essay Towards Preventing the Ruin of Great Britain," which was published in 1721. "The few pages of this tract were the first direct symptom of that longing for the realization of a state of society nearer his own pure and lofty ideal, Avhich thereafter mixed so much w^ith what he wrote and did. We now hear for the first time the Cassandra wail of a CHANNING WAY, EAST FROM SHATTUCK AVENUE !73 sorrowful prophet, who soon after turned his eye of hope to other regions, in which a nearer approach to Utopia might be found. " The new enterprise which had gradually fired his imagination became now the chief spring of action. It was disclosed in a letter written in March, 1723 : " ' It is now about ten months since I have determined to spend the residue of my days in Bermuda, wliere, I trust in Providence, I may be the mean instrument of doing great good to mankind. The reformation of manners among the English in our Western BERKELEY 77 plantations, and the propagation of the Gospel among the American savages, are two points of high moment. The natural way of doing this is by founding a college or seminary in some convenient part of the West Indies, where the English youth of our plantations may be educated in such sort as to supply their churches with pastors of good morals and good learning, — a thing (God knows) much wanted.' " He goes on to describe the plans of education for American youth which he had conceived, gives his reasons for preferring the Bermuda or Summer Islands for the college, and presents the bright vision of an academic home in those fair lands of the West, whose FULTON STREET, NORTH FROM DWIGHT WAY idyllic bliss poets had sung, and from which Christian civilization might be now made to radiate over the vast Continent of America, with its magnificent possibilities in the future history of the race of man. He sees before him, in these Summer Islands, under a halo of romance, an Arcadia with its constant spring, nature in its gentlest moods, verdant fields and groves of palms, and cool ocean breezes ; a people of simple manners and without the enriching commodities which turn men away 78 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA from academic pursuits ; and all so placed geographically as to be fitted to spread religion and learning in a spiritual commerce over the western regions of the world." In 1728 he sailed for Rhode Island, there to await a promised grant from the Government for establishing his Bermuda University. In that Colony he spent three years in quiet retirement and study. He bought a farm and made many friends. But Walpole repented, RESIDENCE OF PRESIDENT KELLOGG in Berkeley's absence, of his compliance in the Bermuda project, the promised assistance was withheld, and Berkeley was compelled to return to Great Britain. He gave his farm and a library to Yale College, and endowed it in prizes and scholarships. " Thus ended the romantic episode of Rhode Island, which warms the heart and affects the imagination more perhaps than any other incident even in Berkeley's life. Of all who have ever landed on the American shore, none was BERKELEY 79 animated by a more unworldly spirit. The country in which and for which he lived acknowledges that in his visit it was touched by the halo of an illustrious reputation." In 1722 he had been made Dean of Dromore, in 1724 Dean of Derr3/. In 1734 he was raised to the Bishopric of Cloyne. The remainder of his life was spent in writing, — in the development of his philosophic thought. His pure and noble life closed January 14, 1753. '^ ''^.'S^i^im^^ "^ ■'/^imei^iattfmm^iKctMi RESIDENCE OF C. T. H. PALMER, ESQ. " In Berkeley's mental history, revealed as a whole, one seems to hear a sort of prelude or rehearsal of each of the three acts in which European philosophy has since presented itself. The subtle argumen- tative analysis and negative aspect of idealism, so prominent in the Trinity College treatises, was the Berkeley to whom Hume and afterwards John Stuart Mill avowed allegiance. The appeals to the common faith or common sense, in our consciousness of self, forecast Reid, while they recall Descartes. Lastly, Berkeley's later philosophical 8o THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA rationalism anticipates, in a way, Kant and Hegel. The total sum of enduring metaphysical speculation during the last two centuries is represented by the names of Berkeley, Hume, Reid and Kant. And the three types of philosophy which have occupied the interval between the revolution inaugurated by Hume and the present age all find their germ in the thought of Berkeley. The first type came from the recon- structive efforts of Hume himself. The second is the conservative recoil of the moral and practical side of human nature. The third seeks to satisfy the utmost demands of reason in a perfect manifestation of the reasonableness of the universe. '' The pervading teaching of the whole life was, — that the things we see and touch are only superficial shows, which themselves disappear ^ j^^f^-^^^^: RESIDENCE OF BEN MORGAN, ESQ. in revealing the Eternal Spirit or Universal Reason wherein we live and have our being ; and that we become conscious of this, intellectually in philosophy, and practically through assimilation to God." BERKELEY 8i At the commencement exercises in 1S73, a special commemorative service was held in honor of the University's occupation of the Berkeley site, and in view of the presentation from Frederick Billings of a portrait RESIDENCE OF O. V. LANGE. ESQ— Thi: Golden Gate in the Distance of Bishop Berkeley. The portrait was painted by Professor John T. Weir, N. A. The head is a copy of Smybert's original portrait, in the gallery of Yale College. The figure leans upon a pedestal on which are carved the words, " Westward the course of empire takes its wixy" The back- ground is landscape, probably the lawns of Derry. The Bishop is reoresented as holding his favorite Plato in his hand, from which he is supposed to have been reading that celebrated passage in the Tivicpiis^ in which Berkeley finds a revelation of the New World : " There was an island situated in front of the straits which are bv you called the Pillars of Heracles ; the island was larger than Libya and Asia put together, and was the way to the other islands, and from these 3'ou might pass to the whole of the opposite continent which surrounded the true ocean ; for this sea which is within the 82 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Straits of Heracles is only a harbor, having a narrow entrance, but that other is a real sea, and the surrounding land may be most truly called a boundless continent." The town of Berkeley was a tiny and distant settlement when the University was removed thither in 1873. There were a few public houses on Choate Street, at the end of the car line, and a few residences at scattered points : the old Simmons place at the end of Piedmont Avenue, Mr. Willey's home at the corner of College Avenue and Dwight Way, the homes of Mr. Hillegass, Mr. Shattnck and Mr. Haste, the Leonard place, the " Berkeley Farm " on Dana Street, and a few others. We were a long way from San Francisco, wlien we either had to follow the weary pace of a bob-tail car to Oakland, and thence to the City, or else take an omnibus, which had an unpleasant habit of capsizing and breaking collar-bones and arms, to the ferry at " Ocean View," alias " Jacobs Landing," alias West Berkeley, and thence by a wheezy steamer that was uncertain in its starting and yet more uncertain in its arriving. Inaccessible as were metropolitan advantages then to us, the following story tells how well off we were as compared with our Spanish predecessors. Under the Mexican domination the eastern side of the bay was under the jurisdiction of San Francisco. In 1835 its few residents, the Peraltas, Castros, Pachecos, and their retainers, petitioned the Governor to change their jurisdiction from that of San Francisco to that of San Jose. Their request was based on the claim "that it caused an entire abandoning of their families for a year by those who attended the judicial functions and were obliged to cross the bay. Truthfully speaking," they continue, " to be obliged to go to the port by land, we are under the necessity of traveling forty leagues, going and coming back ; and to go by sea we are exposed to the danger of being wrecked. By abandoning our families, it is evident that they must remain without protection against the influences of malevolent persons ; tliey are also exposed to detention and loss of labor and property and injury by animals. There is no lodging to be had in that port (San Francisco) where an ayuntaraiento is likely to detain us for a year; BERKELEY 83 and, should we take our families, incurring heavy expenses for their transportation and necessary provisioning for the term of our engagement, there is no accommodation for them." We cannot here trace the growth of Berkeley and the development of its means of communication with Oakland and San Francisco. When we say that in 1894 it is a residence suburb of ten thousand inhabitants, with an almost complete absence of saloons, with churches. I& ir-^r ^.., ,J^ja!_ M^^^;^ "it'^^^'.^^'^^ RESIDENCE OF PROF. C. M. GAYLEY with public and private schools, and a public library, with means of ready access to Oakland and San Francisco day and evening, with two State institutions, the Institution for the Deaf and the Blind, and the University, the former with its devoted and able corps of instructors, the latter with its Faculty exceeding a hundred in number, and its twelve hundred students, the Berkeley of to-day is in general suffi- ciently described and characterized. However, in a history of the University we desire to saj' a few words about the companion State 04 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA educational institution, and, further, give some view of the religious opportunities and influences ofl'ered by the churches. The California Institution for the Deaf and the Blind is established for those children who, by reason of their infirmity, cannot be educated in the common schools. It is in no sense an asylum. Deaf or blind pupils may enter at seven 3'ears of age, and remain until they are nineteen j^ears old. Like other branches of the educational system RESIDENCE OF JOHN CAREER, ESQ- of this State, its benefits are free to those who are of suitable age and mental capacity for instruction, and whose parents or guardians are residents of California. Pupils from other portions of the United States are required to pay $300 a year. The curriculum of the class- room embraces the studies usually pursued at the Grammar and High schools, and a few students are prepared for the University. The work of the Institution is divided into three departments, — the literary, the art, and the mechanical. The aim of the management BERKELEY 8^ is to offer, to its pupils who are deprived of certain important faculties, sucH training of head and hand as shall enable them to compete in the struggle of existence with those who can see and hear. To this end, art and handicrafts are regarded as an essential part of their equipment. The Institution had its origin in the benevolent interest of a few ladies of San Francisco who by personal effort obtained money for carrying on the school temporarily, and for the purchase of a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND THE BLIND hundred-vara lot on the corner of Fifteenth and Mission streets. Appeals to the Legislature met with success, and an appropriation of $10,000 for a building was made, beside provision for the maintenance of pupils whose parents or guardians could not pay for their support. The school was opened on the 30th of April, i860, in a small building still standing on Tehama Street, in San Francisco. On January i, 1861, it was moved to the southwest corner of Fifteenth and Mission streets. In February, 1865, Mr. John W. Francis was called to the 86 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Principalship, but, his health failing soon afterward, Mr. Warring Wilkinson of New York was appointed Principal, and entered upon his duties on December i of the same year. In March, 1866, the Legislature passed a bill reorganizing the institution ; providing for the sale of the property in San Francisco, and for the erection of new buildings upon a site " within fifty miles of San Francisco," to be selected by the Board of Directors. The present location in Berkeley was purchased, and a stone edifice erected at a cost of $175,000. The school was opened in Berkeley on October 20, 1869. On the 17th of January, 1875, the building was destro3'ed by fire. Profiting by this severe lesson a new plan of segregated structures was adopted, and has now been brought to completion, the last building, Bartlett Hall, having been occupied on the 8th of October, 1894. The number of pupils in 1894 is about two hundred, of which fifty are blind. The management is vested in a Board of Directors appointed by the Governor. At present the Board consists of W. C. Bartlett, Esq., President; Rev. J. K. AlcLean, Vice-President; John W. Coleman, Esq., Warren Olney, Esq., and A. J. Ralston, Esq. The Board elects the executive officer, who is the Principal. Warring Wilkinson has filled this ofi&ce for over twenty-nine years. In Berkeley, and convenieut to the University, there are religious organizations maintained by the Congregational, Episcopal, Presby- terian, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Baptist, Unitarian and Christian churches. A somewhat specific account of these will show what influences for spiritual education and communion are exerted in the University town. We shall speak only of the churches in the central part of Berkeley, not mentioning those in the other quarters of town. The Young Men's and Young Women's Christian Associations will be spoken of in another portion of the book. When the University came to Berkeley in 1873 it found no religious establishments. It was necessary for those who resided here to go to Oakland in order to attend church services. The first successful movement to bring the opportunities for religious communion to the home of tlie students and of the inhabitants of Berkeley was BERKELEY 87 undertaken by the Home Missionary Society of the Congregational Church. The first services were held in a room of the old Berkeley Hotel, that stood on the corner of Bancroft Way and Choate Street. The first sermon was preached by the Rev. E. S. Lacy, Rev. Dr. Warren assisting, in ^ „, , .. .., ^„., . ,.^,^^^^^y^„ the summer of 1874. The pulpit Avas filled by different mini.s- ters, until Novem- ber, when Rev. J. B. Seabury came on an engagement for six months. In De- cember the church was formally organ- ized Avith twenty- three charter mem- bers. During Rev. Mr. Seabury's minis- try, a chapel was erected on Choate Street near Dvvight Way. From July, 1875, to May, 1880, the church was under the pastoral care of Rev. E. B. Payne. He was succeeded in August, 1880, by Rev. Charles A. Savage. Rev. C. S. Vaile filled the pulpit temporarily from June, 1SS2, to January, 1883. Failing health caused Mr. Savage to resign in 1886. During this time a new church building was erected on the corner of Durant Avenue and Dana Street. It was dedicated September 30, 1884. Rev. Edward FIRST CGNCjREGATIUNAL CHURCH oo THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA P. Bacon was engaged, upon Mr. Savage's resignation, for a term of six months, but he died before the expiration of this period. He was succeeded in 1S87 b_v his brother, Rev. Thomas R. Bacon, who continued as pastor until April, 1S90, when he resigned to accept a professorship in the Universit}-. Rev. F. B. Pullan then occupied the pulpit for a short time, and Rev. C. W. Hill from December, 1890, until April, 1892. In March, 1893, Rev. George B. Hatch began his ministration of the church. Mr. Hatch was graduated at Harvard in 1880, and at RESIDENCE OF PROF. T. R. BACON Union Theological Seminary, New York, in 1886. He has held pastorates in Jewett Cit}', Conn., and Lynn, Mass. The next organization for Christian worship was that undertaken by the Episcopal Church. The first services were conducted by Rev. Dr. John T. Wheat of Virginia, in February, 1877, in a small cottage on Dana Street near Allston Way. A church building was erected on Bancroft Way, and was consecrated by Bishop Kip on June 8, 1878, six candidates being presented for confirmation at BERKELEY 89 the same time. Rev. G. W. Mayer was the first pastor, officiating until 1881. Rev. E. L. Greene officiated from 18S1 to 1S83. The communi- cants in 1S77 were eiglit in number, in 1894, two hundred and sixt};-. Tire parish owns a lot on the corner of Bancroft Way and Ellsworth Street, and is looking forward to the erection of a larger church. Rev. G. A. Easton, who became rector of St. Mark's Church in 1883, was born in New York State in 1829. He was in California in ST, MARK'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH 1852, but returned to college, and was graduated at Trinity College, Hartford, receiving the Bachelor's degree in 1854, and the Master's in 1857. He attended the Berkeley Divinity School and was ordained in 1858. He was assistant to Rev. Dr. A. C. Coxe in Baltimore from 1S58 to i860; rector in Norwich, Conn., till 1862; assistant or minister in charge of Grace Church, San Francisco, from 1862 to 1869 ; rector in vSanta Cruz till 1875 ; chaplain of St. Augustine College till 1878; minister of the Church of the Good Shepherd at 90 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA West Berkeley till 1883. He has been missionary founder of St. Peter's Church, Redwood City; St. Matthew's, San Mateo; and St. Luke's, San Francisco. Rev. Charles J. Mason is assistant rector of St. Mark's. If ■*««-.,:kv»'I"SV «^ IB)' % . U -^V** FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH The First Presbyterian Church of Berkeley was organized on March 31, 1878, by the Presbyter^/ of San Francisco. The first minister was Rev. L- A. Hayes, who began his work about the first of the year 1879. Rev. Williel H. Thomson was the first installed pastor, but continued his ministrations for only a few months in 1880 and 1881. Rev. Robert J. Breck, D. D., LL. D., was pastor from 18S1 to 1S84; Rev. John Bodin Thompson, D. D., from 1884 to 1887; Rev. E. E. Clark was stated supply from November, 18S7, to September, 1888 ; Rev. V. A. Lewis, from November, 18S8, to May, 1889; and Rev. D. S. Banks, from December, 1889, to May, 1891. The church building, erected on the corner of Allston Way and Ellsworth Street, was dedicated March 30, 1879. BERKELEY 91 Rev. Heber A. Ketcliuni, D. D., who was elected pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in 1891, entering upon his duties in May of that year, was born in Ohio. He was graduated at the Western Reserve College, now Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, in 1866, and from Lane Theological Seminary in 1869. He was installed pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of New Richmond, Ohio, in June, 1869. In 1872 he became co-pastor with Rev. Dr. E. P. Pratt of the First Presbyterian Church of Portsmouth, Ohio, and in 1875 was called to the pastorate of the Second Presbyterian Church of the same place. He continued in that charge until 1885, when he was called to the pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church of Urbana, Ohio, where RESIDENCE OF GEO. D. METCALF. ESQ- he remained until he accepted the call to Berkeley. In 1S90 he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from his Alma Mater, Adelbert College. The Catholics of Berkeley were compelled for many years to resort to St. Mary's, in Oakland, for worship. St. Joseph's convent, of 92 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA which Mother Teresa Comerford was the founder, was dedicated on June 30, 1878, by Father King, assisted by Very Rev. Father Prendergast, V. G. But Berkeley was not erected into a parish until 1879. Very Rev. Dr. Comerford, who had spent many years in Mauritius, went home to Ireland to recuperate his health, which was seriously impaired by his missionary labors in that tropical climate. When St. Joseph's convent was built, his sister, Mother Teresa, invited him to come ST. JOSEPH'S CATHOLIC CHURCH to California. During the first four years of his pastorate here, the Convent schools were transformed into a temporary church for divine service on Sunday. He then built the Gothic church on Addison Street, which was dedicated on September 16, 1S83. In July, 1889, Dr. Comerford, finding his duties of the parish too onerous for his advanced years and impaired health, resigned his pastorate. The Catholic community that had grown u.p around him during the ten years of his ministr}^, and to whom he had become endeared by man^? BERKELEY 93 acts of fatherly kindness and benevolence, felt his resignation keenly. And those not of his congregation regretted that the light of his kindly countenance had departed from their midst. Rev. T. Phillips succeeded to the pastorate. Father Phil- lips received his theological education at All Hallow's, near Dublin. He was for many years pastor in Sonora and in Suisun. Besides maintaining the parish ministrations, his chief work has been in enlarg- ing the school facilities. The schools are under the charge of the Sisters, who give their services practically free. The Methodists did not embrace their opportunities at Berkeley as early as might have been expected, but in 1883 the Conference appointed Rev. George S. Holmes to look after a church organization here. Accordingly, regular ser- vices were begun on October 28, in that year, in Clapp's Hall. A class of seventeen members was formed. Rev. W. D. Crabb succeeded Mr. Holmes in Sep- tember, 1884. The place of meeting was changed to Odd Fellows' Hall. Both of these pastors were greatly aided and strengthened in their efforts to build up the infant church by Rev. C. V. Anthony, D. D., who was the Presiding Elder. TRINITY M. E. CHURCH 94 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Rev. Dr. R. Bentley, who became Presiding Elder, as well as the Rev. Bishop C. H. Fowler, LL. D., took a deep interest in the church on account of its being in the University town. They, and others, worked assiduously for the erection of a suitable building for their services, a project which was carried out through a large donation from the General Church Extension Society. This edifice, on the corner of Allston Way and Fulton Street, was dedicated, under the name of Trinity Methodist-Episcopal Church, by Bishop Fowler, in September, 1S87. Its successive pastors have been Rev. S. J. Carroll, Rev. H. H. Needham, Rev. T. H. Woodward, and Rev. R. Bentley. Rev. Robert Bentley was born in Cambridge, England, May 6, 1838. He came with his parents to the United States in 1850, and settled at Lockport, Illinois. He entered the Northwestern University, at Evanston, in 1858, received the Bachelor's degree in 1862, and the Master's in 1865. From the Garrett Bible Institute he received the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, in 1863, and, during his pastorate in Portland, the Willamette University conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. During his ministry his pastorates have included churches in Chicago, Rockford, Illinois, San Francisco, Santa Barbara, Portland, Oakland, Sacramento, San Jose and Alameda, and he has been Presiding Elder of the Oakland District. The First Baptist Church was organized in Odd Fellows' Hall, June 16, 1889. There were thirteen constituent members. The gathering of the members had been encouraged by the City Mission Union of Oakland ; under their auspices Rev. Mr. Fleenor, pastor of the San Pablo Avenue Baptist Church, had organized about a year before a Sunday School, which met in Pythian Hall. With the inauguration of preaching services in Odd Fellows' Hall, the Sunday School was removed there also. Mr. Fleenor continued his ministrations until August, when Rev. E. T. Whittemore was called to the pastorate of the church. During his four year's service the membership grew to eighty. In this time, too, a church building was erected on a lot on Dwight Way donated by F. K. Shattnck, Esq. BERKELEY 9S Rev. Wm. C. Learned succeeded Rev. Mr. Whitteniore, October i, 1893. Mr. Learned was graduated from Rochester University, receiving both the Bachelor's and the Master's degrees. He was principal of various academies for eleven years, and then entered the ministry. Among his pastorates have been Batavia, N. Y., South Bend, Ind., and Chicago. Under his charge the church in Berkeley is well organized and the members active in their devotion and interest. BAPTIST CHURCH The First Unitarian Church of Berkeley was organized in the summer of 1891. In the autumn of the same year, the church called to its pastorate Rev. Edward B. Payne, who received his education at the Kansas State University, Iowa College, and Oberlin Theological Seminary, from which last institution he received the degree of Bachelor of Divinit}^ Mr. Payne left the Unitariau Church in Leominster, Mass., to accept the call to Berkeley. 96 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The church is organized under a simple bond of union, expressed in these words: "In the love of truth and the spirit of Jesus, we unite together for the worship of God and the service of man." The pastor on a public occasion explained the spirit and attitude of the Unitarian Church in the following words : " This church will revere whatever was genuinely humane and divine in ancient times, but will consciously belong also to the latest day; that is, it will be conservative of the spiritual inheritance that falls to it from the past, while it does not fail to appropriate the ripened fruits of modern progress. It will exercise its mind with the nobilities of thought, warm its heart with genial sentiment, and put forth its hand to help turn the wheels of practical life. It will . Sl « fi M 'zlf^ ! m Win FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH AND DIVINITY SCHOOL stand for the largest and most comprehensive faith and a religion in harmony with the whole content of space and the unbroken movement of time. It purposes to erect for itself a church home BERKELEY 97 which, though it may be modest, shall yet be beautiful ; adapted and appointed unto a wide circle of uses, both practical, social and spiritual; dedicated to God and man together; a place of RESIDENCK OF C. K. CLARK. ESQ. good will, social happiness and spiritual power; its doors hung on the hinges of welcome and humane sympathy ; its wiudows opening northward, southward, eastward, and westward, thus covering the whole horizon of reality and verity ; its spires pointing toward the skies and the One Father of all souls ; its motto, ' Light, Liberty, Life and Love.' " The Pacific Coast Unitarian Conference voted at its meeting in the spring of 1894 to establish a Diviuitj^ School in Berkeley. A lot of ample dimensions on the corner of Dana Street and Bancroft Way has been secured for the uses of the church and school. Plans for the building have been adopted. 98 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The Christian Church was organized September 21, 1S93. The foundations of this had been laid a few months before by a mission started by the Christian Endeavor Societies of tlie Christian Churches of California. The church commenced with a membership of twenty-five, which increased to fifty-six during the first year. The church has as yet no building, but has in immediate contemplation the erection of an adequate and suitable structure. RESIDENCE OF THEODORE WAGNER, ESQ. The development of the work of the Christian Church in Berkeley has been under the charge of Mr. Harold E. Monser, the pastor. Mr. Monser was born in Urbana, 111., February 17, 1868. At seventeen yeai's of age he was elected to the professorship of mathematics and astronomy in Ash Grove College, Missouri. A year later he was appointed assistant librarian in the University of Missouri. He continued while there his collegiate studies, but was compelled BERKELEY 99 to leave on account of ill health. His chief activity, until coming to Berkeley, was as a temperance lecturer and evangelist. At the Convention of Christian Churches of California, in 1893, an offer was made by Henry Curtner, Esq., to give a valuable property at Irvington for the establishment of a Bible Seminary. The offer was accepted, and a committee was appointed to carry out the project. In Februarj^, 1894, Mr. Monser began to urge the desirablity of RESIDENCE OF JAMES SPIERS, ESQ. establishi:ig the Seminary in Berkeley, where all academic studies could be taken in the University. He corresponded with all the Christian ministers and churches on the Coast, and a large majority favored his proposition. After prolonged deliberation in the Convention, in which the comparative merits of denominational colleges, State universities and Bible annexes were discussed, it was decided to locate the Seminary in connection with the University of California. Active preparations are now being made to carry out this project, erect a lOO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA suitable building, and appoint the requisite instructors. The Christian Church has similar seminaries in successful operation in connection with the University of Michigan and the University of Chicago. RESIDENCE Oh' DR. J, S. EASTMAN This statement of the religious establishments in the immediate vicinity of the University opens up several questions, one or two of which we would briefly discuss. It is quite clear that students and new officers of the University coming to Berkeley will find here the opportunities for spiritual communion and Christian worship in the manner they have been accustomed to. And it is clear that, so far as church benefits and church influence are concerned, the air is charged with them, and those who have no set religious creed maj' be affected by it in proportion to the wisdom and energy of the several denomi- nations. But the two questions that seem specially important are the religious influence which the University may properl}/ be expected to exert, and the duties which the churches, as agencies of the higher. BERKELEY lOI or the highest, education, owe to their exalted functions in connection with the State organ of culture. We take the form of the first question from a thoughtful essay read at Commencement in 1894, by Miss Mary Havves Gilmore, a member of the graduating class. As giving the experience, obser- vation and mature judgment of an independent, conscientious and religious young woman of original mind, it belongs to the history of the University. " In an all-inclu- sive sense those influ- ences may be called religious which, in any department of life, di- rect the thought away from the sordid, the partial, and the insig- nificant, and fasten it on the high and the absolute, be it called Beauty, Truth, or Good- ness. Such are those influences in man's de- velopment which tend to draw him out of him- self, in so far as he is narrow, ignorant and selfish, — to show him the possibility and the joy of attaining a greater completeness, a wider sympathy and knowledge ever new and more vitally sig- nificant, — influences which place him in intimate conscious rela- tion with the Universal, with God, and with all his manifested truth. To deny religious character to any such influences would surely be to deny the fundamental proposition of all theology, — that God is alike in everything, and that He is the Father of all truth. " Such being the nature of religious influence in general, what special form of it may a University be expected to exert ? This is not a question to be answered in haste RESIDENCE OF GEORGE H. MAXWELL, ESQ. I02 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA nor in accordance with preconceived notions, but solely with reference to the essential nature, function, and scope of the University. " The fundamental idea of a University is, briefly, that of universal truth-seeking, fair-mindedness, an impartial reception and scrutiny of all views, — the enforced acceptance of none. Its constant principle as regards the training of its students is to encourage the personal initiative, the independent judgment, and that hospitable mind which denies entrance to no guest, however new and unfamiliar. The University can never sacrifice the development of independent, self originated judgment for any gain of correct opinion dogmatically inculcated. It cannot teach practical morals by direct mandates or hortatory methods. It cannot teach definite religious doctrines as established facts which must be received. Any attempt to enforce religious doctrines by direct methods would be subversive of its very nature, — would be a return to medievalism. Direct inculcation of divine truth and of practical moral precept is necessary indeed, but the proper instrument and institution for that duty is surely the Church. This divergence of function between the University and the Church should afford no cause for apprehension. For at last we begin to realize that there can be distinction without contradiction, difference without antagonism ; that institutions carefully differentiated need not conflict, but may actually supplement and assist each other." The writer then discusses the religious import of each of the grand divisions of itniversity study, science, history and political science, literature and philosophy, and shows that the religious influence in their teaching is " prominent and positive " everywhere, and " superlative " in philosophy. "A word, in closing, concerning direct religious influences, — concerning the part that churches have in the matter. We should like to say with emphasis to friends at a distance, that we have churches here in Berkelej', with all their adjunct forms of religious organizations, and that our University professors may be found there as members and workers. Many of us as students have found here as pleasant a church home as we have ever known. Yet if increase of direct influence is to come it would seem that it should come from that side. For, first, as to the general problem, if the churches would attend somewhat less strictly to points of divergence, which must be, after all, mostl}' distinctions in the adjustment of emphasis ; if they were willing to emphasize points of agreement, the Universit)' would not be so hampered by artificial restrictions, would be freer to work with them to the same good end. For instance, the Bible, our greatest English classic, could then be taken up with the same careful appreciative study as that given to other English classics, and all students might come to realize somewhat of its grandeur and power. Again, concerning the local problem, the churches of the State have a duty to perform, in sending their best men to the pastorates of so im- portant a field as this, a field which needs more than any other those magnificent modern men and ministers, — men of strong personality and breadth of sympathy, not less orthodox, but less symbolically so; men with conceptions not meager and BERKELEY 103 threadbare, but full and rich and ever expanding with the infinite possibilities of new meaning and new wonder of which divme truth is endlessly capable. "Such then, in reality, are the religious influences of a University, and specifically of the University of California, — legitimate because undogmatic and indirect, powerful because they are the outcome of its essential nature. In this respect, as in all others, our feeling for our Alma Mater is one of profoundest gratitude." The second question i.s, in one sense, answered in the above- quoted passages, and, in another sense, has its answer suggested by RESIDENCE OF ALLAN M. SL'TTON, ESQ. the action of the Christian and Unitarian churches, looking to the speedy establishment, in close proximity to the University, of Divinity Schools. It! further answer, we would only call attention to a great movement taking place in Canada. In the province of Ontario, for instance, the design is to remove all the denominational colleges to the seat of the Universitj^ of Toronto. This would be strictly and literall}^ analogous in one of our States to the similar removal to the seat of the State University. I04 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The luoveiueiit was initiated by the Methodists, and the words of Dr. Withrow, a distinguished member of the Methodist Conference, would apply with such singular force to conditions in California, that we quote them : " B\^ this act the educational polic\/ of the Methodist Church undergoes a great change, and we believe will receive a new impulse and a wider development on a higher plane. It no longer holds itself aloof as a denominational college, but enters into intimate RESIDENCE OF JAMES L. BARKER, ESQ, association with the national universit}- in the endeavor to develop one of the broadest and best-equipped institutions of higher learning on the continent. Its students will meet and mingle with those of the other churches, and in the intimate association of college life will cultivate broader sympathies and more genial fellowship. The friends oi education anticipate for it an eminent success in unsealing founts of liberality hitherto unknown, and in greatlj' promoting the interests of higher education by surrounding with an atmosphere of religious S3'mpathy and cooperation the central university." BERKELEY 10^ Dr. Buslinell and the others who were seeking in 1S56 and 1857 for a site for their college were of the opinion that an institntion of learning shonld be sitnated in a place remote from the ways of men. To be sure Dr. Bushnell did make the confession that " there is more real virtue and more of good influence in the city, with all its vices, than anywhere else, — a more ennobling and conserving power of society." But they looked more on the side of the vices than of the RESIDENCE OF AIRS. JOHN DE.AN virtues ; they thought more, in this respect, of the evils the students should be shielded from, than of the advantages they should have access to. They committed the folly and injustice, which is alwaj-s being done, of exaggerating the transgressions of students, of being over-solicitous respecting their moral conduct in comparison with the conduct of other young men in the community. Fortunately' for the complete realization of the University's destiny, the extreme ideas of some of its founders did not prevail, and fortunately, too, that those, io6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA whose ideas did prevail, did not wholly know what they were doing. They thought, in the location being made in Berkeley, that it was completely removed from the evil influences of the citj', and yet was so RESIDENCE OF F. K. SHATTUCK, ESQ- accessible as to make living more convenient. And perhaps these are among its chief characteristics even now. But the future has in store for Berkeley a place and a role not 3'et estimated. San Francisco has absorbed so much thought relatively as the metropolis of the Pacific, that tlie destiu}- of the eastern shore of the bay has not been regarded. It may be that this shore will always be in a certain sense suburban to the great cit}' on the other side. Certainl}' their destinies are interwoven, and we would not have it otherwise. It requires no j^rophetic mind to see the exaltation of San Francisco, when the lethargj' that rests upon it now shall have been lifted, to the rank of one of the leading cities of the world. It must be so in the nature of things. The verj^ events occurring in the Orient in 1894, among other BERKELEY 107 things will work to the emancipation of commerce and intercourse, and if the people of this community are now too over-weighted to take advantage of it, yet some time in the future the coming generations will build the empire of which nature has laid the foundations. And along this easteru shore, from the Contra Costa boundary line, or perhaps from farther north, to San Leandro, from the tide water high up toward the summits of the range and in the sheltered ravines and vales, there will grow up one continuous city, with one consoli- dated government, devoted to manufacture, trade and residence. Then every advantage of the metropolis, and a certain culture which it may lack, will be enjoyed by those who may dwell within the limits of the present Berkeley. Whether the new city shall be called Alameda, RESIDENCE OF M. G, KING, ESQ. Oakland, or Berkeley, there will always be the Berkeley' district; and, when that union and consolidation is effected, there will be a more steady drift of the home-seeking and culture-loving members of the community to the foothills about the University. io8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Proper to be quoted, " with a single syllable of adaptation," as President Oilman said, is this prophetic picture by another scholar and divine, as pure and simple and beautiful in life as Bishop Berkeley himself, once an Anglican clergyman, aud later a Roman cardinal, John Henry Newman : . "I am turning my eyes towards a hundred years to come, and I dimlj' see the land I am gazing on become the road of passage and union between two hemispheres, and the center of the world. I see its inhabitants rival Belgium in populousness, France in vigor, and Spain in enthusiasm. The capital of that prosperous and hopeful land is situate in a beautiful bay and near a romantic region ; and in it I see a flourishing University, which, for a while, had to struggle with fortune, but which, when its first founders and servants were dead and gone, had successes far exceeding their anxieties. Thither, as to a sacred soil, the home of their fathers, and the fountain-head of their Christianity, students are flocking from east, west and south, with the ease and rapidity of a locomotion not yet discovered, — all speaking one tongue, all owning one faith, all eager for one large, true wisdom ; and thence, when their stay is over, going back again to carry over all the earth ' peace to men of good will.' " ■ ' CHAPTER V. THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH. PRESIDENT OILMAN comprehended the University. His mind embraced its many possibilities. He sketched its outlines with a bold and a confident hand. He applied his thought to the working out of the details, and many things in the character of the institu- tion he settled for all time. But he found many obstacles in his way ; he foresaw that many difficulties would hinder the progress of the Universit3^ He cleared California's educational pathway of many of its obstructions, and then he felt compelled to surrender the task when a unique opportunity was offered to him to do a thing of new significance in American education. The perspective with which we may view the period that will now engage our attention is large, for the Universit}' of 1894 is vastly removed from the University of 1S74. It seems to one who has lived through this period, and experienced every vicissi- tude of the institution with the acutest emotion, as though that time belonged to another age and was separated from the present by an interval of effaciug oblivion. Looking back beyond that gracious blank, one sees loom up into clear proportions the figures of those who engaged in the heroic battle for the preservation of California's University and for the protection of California's intellectual credit. One then comprehends what hard, self-sacrificing and effective work was done by scholars, men whom the world in general regards but as visionaries and incompetents in practical achievement. If there is needed a vindication of the powerful constructive ability of the scholar, of a band of college professors, it may be found in the work of our Faculty during the years from 1874 to 1890. They, by unflincliing no THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA adherence to a fixed purpose, by uudeviating devotion to a great work and to a high principle, not only built the University of California as we see it to-day, but also laid the educational founda- tions and made possible the success of a sister university. Nor did their accomplishment end here, but it is equally seen to a high degree in the general educational advancement of the State, and particularly in the remarkable and noble array of public high schools which signalizes the California of to-day. Enticing as would be the attempt to make a complete analysis of the history of these years, it does not seem well to the writer on this present occasion to enter upon a full description of the forces within and without that attempted to thwart the fulfillment of the Univer- sity's destiny. It will be sufficient if we can indicate where and how the main roots that support and nourish the institution were sunk into the heart and confidence of the people of the State. President Oilman, with the assistance of the Faculty and Regents, did two things for the internal structure of the University. He main- tained and developed the institution on the side of the humanities, and he laid the basis for the full realization of the technical courses. He has been most unjustly charged with sacrificing the practical to the classical. In fact, he was the firmest upholder of the scientific departments. Unfortunately, in order to accomplish his task, he had to undo some injudicious appointments, and to arouse some personal antagonisms. In order to properly execute the Morrill Act of 1862, and develop great and strong courses in agriculture and the mechanic arts, he had first to displace the incumbent Professor of Agriculture. Professor Carr and his able wife were powers of influence in the State. They were identified with one phase of the popular unrest and discontent in the community, the Granger movement. And so when, in July, 1S74, it became necessary to request the resignation of Professor Carr, and, on his refusing, to remove him, his cause was taken up by the Grange and by numerous mechanics' associations. Before the removal of Professor Carr, other difficulties in the inner working of the institution had resulted in the resignation of the THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH HI Professor of English Literature and History, Professor Swinton. His resignation was followed by a virulent attack upon the University management. The press, with a few honorable exceptions, fell a victim to the vice of sensationalism and a willingness to disparage and defame any State or public enterprise, and to insinuate corruption and evil purposes on the part of public officials and trustees. The churches, with their honorable exceptions, through their narrowest but most clamant exponents, harshly took up the cry against the " godless State Universit}/." The political and intellectual levelers, who had their great day in California in the seventies, naturally joined in the war upon the University, which, in their uncritical view, was giving a useless education to the rich at the expense of the poor. No adequate endowment had been provided for the University ; it was necessary to seek biennial aid of the Legislature. With these antagonistic forces all represented in that body, it seemed almost hopeless to look for the appropriations that would even keep the ship afloat. Regular]}^, either of its own motion or by invitation, or both, the Legislature sent committees of investigation or incjuiry. But always, be it said to the credit of these committees, the}^ reported favorably upon the management of the Universit3' as thej^ found it ; and always, too, be it said to the credit of the Legisla- ture, it granted aid of greater or less amount. Nevertheless, a sigh of relief was drawn by every friend of the University when each session of the Legislature adjourned and the institution remained unimpaired and undivided, although not given the means wherewith to expand to performance of its legitimate functions. Yet the wonder is, it must be admitted, with the little effort made by the authorities, after President Gilman's time, to spread information about their own doings and about the nature of the institution, and in face of the leveling tendency of the hour, that the people of the State retained a substantial allegiance to the University. The chair of Agriculture was now vacant ; those of Mechanics and Alining can hardly be considered as ever having been filled. Three notable men of eminent scientific attainments, of scholarly and I 12 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA honorable lives, were secured for these positions : Professors Hilgard, Hesse and Ashbnrner. ■ Eugene Woldemar Hilgard was born in Zweibriicken, Rhenish Bavaria, on January 5, 1S33, of distinguished parentage. His father, who was a Justice of the Court of Appeals, becanie dissatisfied with the government and emi- grated to America in 1S35. He settled with his familj' in Illinois, devoting himself to agriculture. Eugene, at the age of sixteen, went to Germany for his education and studied at the Mining School of Freiberg and at the Univer- sities of Ziirich and Heidelberg, receiving the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the latter institu- tion in 1S53. He spent two years in Spain and Portugal, revisit- ing Spain again in i860, when he was there married to the daughter of a Spanish arm}' officer. On his return to the United States in 1855 he became assistant State Geologist of Mississippi; in 1857 he was appointed chemist in charge of the laborator}' of the Smithsonian Institution. He returned to Mississippi as vState Geologist, and in i860 printed his report on the geology and agriculture of that State. This report was significant for its original matter and highly scientific character. The cretaceous and tertiary formation of the Gulf States was here for the first time studied. During the Civil War Professor Hilgard Avas connected with the Nitre Bureau and other scientific enterprises pertaining to the Confederate Government. At the close of the war he was appointed Professor of Chemistry in the University of Mississippi, and, in 1S73, Professor of Geology and Natural History in the University of Michigan. EL'GENE WOLDEMAR HILGARD THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH "3 Professor Hilgard had for a long time prosecuted a deep and thorough investigation of the chemical properties of soils. As he was among the very first to maintain that it was possible to form a reliable estimate of the fertility of a soil from its chemical analysis, so, through a long series of years devoted to laboratory work, to writing and to field observation, he has been one of the chief vindicators of this idea. It was in connection with this class of investigation that he came to Berkeley? in 1874 to deliver a course of lectures on agricultural chemistry'. The impression which he made by these lectures was so striking that he was appointed perma- nent Professor of Agriculture. The University was sin- gularly fortunate in finding a man, who, by the soundness of his scientific learning, could place the work of his depart- ment on a high plane of scholarly investigation, and who, by his affable and adapt- able manners, could win the confidence and cordial good will of the agricultural por- tion of the communit3^ B37 a career of unremitting activity/ in California he has succeeded not only in disseminating a mass of information of directly utilitarian value among the farmers of the State, but also in prosecuting researches of the highest scientific import and in among the scientists of the world. The chair of Mechanical Engineering was filled by the appoint- ment of Frederick Godfrey Hesse. He was born in Treves, in FREDERICK GODFREY HESSE gaining a solid reputation 114 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Rhenish Prussia, March aS, 1826. He was trained in the German polytechnic schools, entered the Prussian army, and was engaged by the government in engineering work. In the general European discontent of 1848 he came to America. He soon took up engineering work, and later received several scientific appointments under the United States Government, as Assistant Astronomer in the Chile Astronomical Expedition, Professor of Mathematics in the United States Navy, and an officer . in the National Observatory. From 1864 he resided in San Francisco and Oakland, occu- pied in mechanical operations and in the invention and improvement of many impor- tant mechanical contrivances. " It is rare," said Presi- dent Oilman, " to find a man qualified to fill the duties of a chair of industrial mechanics, both by his scientific attainments and by practical knowledge acquired in the shop ; but Mr. Hesse is such a man." A man beautiful and simple in his character, unsuspecting and credulous in his dealings with men, thoroughly scientific in the quality of his intellect, he was eminently suited for a university professorship. William Ashburner, whom President Oilman interested in the organization of the College of Mines, and who accepted accordingly the professorship of Mining, was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, March 28, 183 1. In 1850 he entered the newly organized Lawrence Scientific School, but did not remain to take a degree. He then WILLIAM ASHBL'RNER THE YEARS OF INTERNAl. GROWTH 'K went to Paris and attended the Ecolc des Mines. He acquired such distinction from his career there that, on his return to America in 1854, he was immediately eraploj^ed in important engineering work. He came to California in i860 on the staff of the Geological Survey, and prepared the important portion of their report which treats of the mining and milling industries. He then engaged in the general practice of his profession of mining engineering, making his residence in San Fran- cisco. His training, his professional standing, and his public spirit, pointed him out as the fit organizer of the mining department of the University. He agreed to undertake this task, and, although at the end of two years he felt compelled, on account of the pressure of private business, to resign his professorship, he still contin- ued, as Honorary Professor, and as Regent, to assist in the development of the de- partment. Dr. George F. Becker, a graduate of the Berlin School of Mines, was engaged at the same time, with Professor Ashburner, as lecturer on metallurgy. Later he was made instructor in mining and metallurgy, and carried on the work of instruction, although with scarcely anj^ laboratory or other facilities, until the appointment in 1879 of Mr. Christy. The College of Cheraistrj^ had already, as we have seen, been organized by the appointment of Professor Rising. Willard Bradley WILLARD BRADLEY RISING ii6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Rising was born in Mechlenburg, N. Y., September 26, 1839. He studied at the New York State Agricultural College, the germ of Cornell University, and at Hamilton College, where he was graduated in 1864. In 1866 he was appointed instructor in chemistry in the University of Michigan, where he remained until called to the College of California as Professor of the Natural Sciences. After the merging of that College into the University of California in i86g, Professor Rising went to German}? to complete his studies. At Heidelberg, where Bunsen in particular was his master, he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1871. Since 1872 he has filled the chair of Chemistry in the University, In 1872 the College of Civil Engineering was organ- ized by the appointment of Frank Soule, Jr., then an instructor in mathematics, as Professor of Civil Engineering and Astronomy. Professor Soule was born at Woodville, Mississippi, in August, 1845. He came to California in 1861, where liis father was well known as a journalist and as one of the authors of ', " The Annals of San Eran- cisco." He attended the Mil- itary Acadeni}? at West Point, where he was graduated in 1866, and was assigned to duty as Assistant Ordnance Officer. In 1867 he was ordered to West Point as assistant instructor in ordnance and gunnery, and later performed the duties of Assistant Professor of Mathematics. In 1869 he received his first appointment in the University. FRANK SOULE. JR. THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH The chair of English had been vacated by Professor Swinton's resignation. It was filled by the selection of one of the choicest spirits that the University can claim in its membership, the poet, Edward Rowland Sill. Professor Sill was born in Windsor, Connecti- cnt, April 29, 1S41. He was graduated at Yale in 1861, and being of a delicate con- stitution came to California, where he resided, engaged in uncongenial clerical work, until 1 866. He returned to the East, studied theology at the Harvard Divinity School for a while, and then devoted himself to literary labors in New York City. He was engaged in teaching in Ohio for several years, but in 1S71 again came to California, accepting a place in the Oakland High School. In 1874 he became a member of the Faculty of the Uni- versity, where he remained edward Rowland sill until 1882, when he resigned. The remaining years of his life were spent in literary work until his death in Cleveland, Ohio, on Februarj' 27, 1887. Professor Sill's life was as pure as the sunshine of heaven. He left a glow behind him that illuminates every spot he inhabited and every soul with whom he had communion. He was above all a poet, with all the sensitiveness, with all the earnestness, with all the desire to deliver to the world a message, that characterize the essential poet. He sought to fulfill his vocation at first through the voice of poetry, and " The Hermitage," writteu for the most 1 l8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA part at Folsoin, in his first sojourn in California, and published when he was not much beyond twenty-five, spoke his soul. Then he thought that from the pulpit he might speak and be heard of men. It was only a little way on the road toward this object that he had gone, when he felt that he could not preach from any pulpit in the land and retain his sincerity of speech. He had recourse to teaching, and while his energies were wasted on the variety of subjects he was charged with, and his soul wearied by the unre- sponsiveness of most of his pupils, yet he found ears here and there that heeded every word that fell from his wise and gentle lips. When he came to the University the horizon was enlarged for him, and the trammels were removed. It was a real inspiration to many of his students that he imparted, a strong pressure on the Faculty that he brought, and a large influence in the community that he exerted. Fifteen years after "The Hermitage," his voice spoke again in "The Venus of Milo and Other Poems." A marvelous ripening had been going on in these years. The " Venus " was filled with exquisite beauty, and the sermon of his life was summed up in " The Fool's Prayer." His last five years began to make him a power in American letters, while he wrote for the magazines over man}? names. It was hard for him to keep strictly to verse, the one unmistakable avenue for his thoughts. He might have become such a poet as America greatly needed. Some imperishable things he did say ; some seeds of immortal life he did plant. The modern languages suffered much during the first years of the University's existence, but in the spring of 1874 the young and enthusiastic instructor, Albin Putzker, came among us. He was one of President Oilman's appointees. Born in Austria in 1S45, ^^ showed a marked aptitude for the acquisition of languages from his school days. He came to the United States in 1866, and was engaged as teacher of modern languages in the Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn. From there he accepted a call to the principalship of the Santa Barbara College. In 1874 he was elected instructor in THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 119 £L ***■ German in the University, and in 1883 Professor of the German Language and Literature. Those who have perhaps most keenly felt and appreciated the invaluable influence of Professor Putzker's teachings were the young men who were graduated within a year or two after his appoint- ment and continued a scholastic connection with the University. He opened their minds to a new meaning in linguistic study as well as to new methods of acquiring language. He taught them, as he has since taught many succeeding classes of students, a rational, inductive method long before the idea became popularized in the country by men of great prominence. In late years he has added to his mastery of the living lan- guages of Western Europe, and of the classical languages, a thoroughgoing knowledge of Modern Greek. As he was a leader in the movement for the scientific study of languages, so now he is one of the few scholars in the country who comprehend the fact that the natural avenue to the successful acquisition ot classical Greek is through the modern tongue. It was part of a policy with President Gilman to direct a {q^w of the graduates of the University into academic lines, to have them trained more fully and equipped more thoroughly both at home and abroad, so that with them he might recruit and enlarge the Faculty- Possibly he may have been unduly affected with the inbreeding ALBIN PUTZKER 120 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA %i /*! «t> policy of Yale ; but surelj' he was unqiiestionabl}^ right in taking the view that everj^ function of the University must have a fair repre- sentation from among its alumni. The first appointments of graduates were of George C. Edwards and Leander L. Hawkins of the class of 1873. Mr. Hawkins, after having filled an important role in the University as instructor in civil engineering, engaged so successfully in business as now to be a leading citizen of Portland, Oregon. Mr. Edwards was appointed instructor in mathematics and has risen through successive grades to be Associate Professor. He was also, for many years. Commandant of the Cadets. He has been especially prominent for his active interest in college ath- letics and physical culture. The next year Frederick Slate, John M. Stillman, Samuel B. Christy, A. Wen- dell Jackson, and Joseph C. Rowell, were retained in the service of the institution. Mr. Christy, upon grad- uation, devoted his attention to mining and metallurgy. He spent much time in a stud}^ of the principal mining districts of the Western States. He succeeded to the charge of the Mining Department in 1879, and in 1885 w^s made Professor of Mining and Metallurgy. He has visited most of the leading mining schools of this country and of Europe, and many of the recent improvements of the mining course are the result of the knowledge thus obtained. He has been a frequent contributor to the mining GEORGE C. EDWARDS THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 121 journals, the American Journal of Science^ and the Transactions of (he American Institute of Mining Engineers^ many of the latter being republished in Germany. He was invited to deliver the leading paper on American Mining Schools at the Inter- national Congress of Engi- neers at Chicago in 1893. Mr. Stillman and Mr. Jackson spent two years in study at the German uni- versities. From 1S76 to 1882 Mr. Stillman was instructor in chemistrj'. He was then offered a position as chemist in a Boston sugar refining company, and sufficient in- ducements were not offered to retain him at Berkeley. A scholar of such an upright character, with a disposition so genial and humane, could not be readily spared in the institution. There have been several grievous mistakes on the part of the University management in allowing its faithful instructors to depart from our halls. In cases where instructors or professors have gone to other universities, there has been compensation in the credit and distinction which California has won through them. Such are Royce, Cook, Levermore, and Miller. But in the case of Stillman, Sears, Sill, and Jackson, no matter what success and reputation they have gained for themselves, it has been an uncompensated loss to the University of California. Mr. Stillman, however, much to the gratification of his friends, has again joined the band of scholars in California by being made Professor of Chemistrj' in the Leland Stanford Junior University. SAMUEL B. CHRISTY 122 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Mr. Jackson fitted himself, in accordance with President Gilman's plans for the development of the College of Mines, as instructor in mineralogy. In 1886 he became Professor of Mineralogy, Petrog- raphy, and Economic Geology. He made large collections of Pacific Coast minerals, and was most energetic and successful in the develop- ment of his department. In 1891 he resigned his position to engage in business. Mr. Slate, althongh not an alumnus, was 3'et a student of the University, as instructor in was in 1879, study in Ger- to take charge laborator3^ In death of Pro- Le Conte, he marked and tion of being fessor of Phys- that eminent Mr. Rowell gaged since 1875 Librarian. The library man age- availability of Engaged at first chemistry, he after two years' many, appointed of the physical 1891, upon the fessor John received the merited distinc- appointed Pro- ics to succeed scientist, has been en- as University efficiency of the ment and the its material to JOSEPH CUMMINGS ROWELL professor and student have been due to Mr. Rowell's exceptional fit- ness for his office. In 1873 the first enlargement of the University in the direction of professional instruction occurred through the establishment of a Medical Department. The college that had been formed by the means and public spirit of Dr. H. H. Toland was unconditionall}' placed under the charge of the Regents and became an integral part of the institution. THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH '2^ President Gilmaii resigned the conduct of the University on March 2, 1875. He accepted a call from the Trustees of the bequest made by Johns Hopkins of Baltimore to found a University in that city. He saw offered to him an opportunity to establish a new grade of higher education in America. For California, considered by itself, President Oilman's departure was a serious and scarcely mitigated loss. For the cause of education in the United States, however, his undertaking the administration of the Johns Hopkins University was a fact of the highest significance. The grade of instruction set in Baltimore incited all the greater universities in the country to mark out new lines of graduate research and investigation. However much may have been done by Harvard and Columbia and Clark, and however much may be done by Yale and Cornell and Pennsylvania and Michigan and California, and the others, it was Johns Hopkins that led the way in establishing in America university education in the German sense of the word. Professor John Le Conte was appointed for the second time Acting President, and, after a 3'ear, President of the University. One of the great days of the olden time was the occasion, on March 29, 1875, when President Oilman publicly bade farewell to the Uni- versity and formally introduced President Le Conte. President Le Conte's administiation, from 1875 to 1881, is marked by the establishment of two new professional colleges, the College of Pharmacy, and the Hastings College of the Law ; by the receipt of the great gifts of Lick, Harmon, Reese, and Bacon ; by the culmina- tion of the social and political unrest in the Constitutional Conven- tion ; by the appointment of Professor Moses ; and by the deaths of Regents Ralston, Butterworth, Haight, and Moss. Professor Swinton had been Professor of History and English Literature. On his resignation. President Oilman took all the time he could spare from his administrative duties for instruction in his- tory and political economy. At the end of 1875 the Regents resolved to appoint a Professor of Histor}^, who should also give instruction 124 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in either philosophy or political economy. The selection for the place fell upon a recent Doctor of Philosophy from Heidelberg, Bernard Moses. Professor Moses was born in Burlington, Connecticut, August 27, 1S46. His college preparation had been interrupted by the breaking down of his health. But he entered the University of Michigan and was graduated in 1870. He then went to Europe and studied one year at Leipzig and another at Berlin. The succeeding year he visited Norway and Sweden and made special investigations in Swedish history. He explored the archives of Liibeck and Stock- holm and the libraries of Lund and Upsala. Then, attending the University of Heidelberg, he received the Doctor's degree in 1S73. In 1S75 he was elected Professor of History and English Literature in Albion College, Michigan, but had hardly entered upon his duties when he received his call to California. Professor Moses has during almost twenty years filled a large and prominent place in the Uni- versity, as a writer, as a public speaker, and in his classroom. He has become a commanding figure. Up to 1882 he conducted the work of his department unassisted. Since then additions have been gradually made to the staff, and the scope of the work has been greatly enlarged. Many gifts were made to the University during President Oilman's administration. The Museum received donations of valuable material from many sources. A beginning in the way of an art collection was made b}' F. L. A. Pioche. A number of persons gave freely to BERNARD MOSES THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 12^ the Library. Michael Reese purchased for us the library of the publicist, Dr. Francis Lieber, and on the death of Mr. Reese in 1879 the University was the recipient of a bequest of fifty thousand dollars for "founding and maintaining a library." The financial capacity of the Regents has been well illustrated in the management of the Reese fund, which has yielded in interest almost as much as the original investment, the endowment remaining intact. The most important early donation was that of > ~ Regent Edward Tompkins. He gave a tract of land from the sale of which, when it should realize fifty thousand dollars, there was to be established a chair of Oriental Languages and Literature. Oblivious of self, Mr. Tomp- kins directed that this pro- fessorship should be named after the eminent scientist. Professor Agassiz, who was then visiting California. A. K. P. Harmon, Esq., of Oakland, in 1S7S, con- ceived the idea of giving the students a place where they could find opportunity for their physical education. He modestly asked the Regents to indicate a spot on the University grounds where he might carry out his views. He then proceeded to erect the Harmon Gymnasium, equipped and furnished it from his own purse, and insuring it for a long term against loss by fire, on January 20, 1S79, presented it to the Uni- versity. No more useful gift has ever been made to the University. Through all these years it has been the sole auditorium for public A. K. P. HARMON 126 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA occasions. The fact of its presence, its availability, and its design, finally led to the establishment by the Regents of a properly officered department of physical cultnre. One species of the University's tronbles culminated in the Con- vention of 1S78-79, which met to revise the State Constitution. The Constitution of 1849 a"*^ the University Charter of 1868 had not settled beyond all peradventure of doubt the legal status of the THE HARMON GYMNASIUM institution. On the contrary, they left manj^ questions open. These were made use of by all who either honestl}^ or with sinister motive found fault with the Universit3^ Attacks were directed, as the case might be, against the management, the organization, or the existence, of the University. But care was not used to discriminate, and a blow intended to be leveled at the management only, or the organization only, too often struck at the very existence of the institution. THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 127 In support of the claim that the University was wrongly organ- ized, the Morrill Act of 1862, from which have been realized seven or eight hundred thousand dollars, was cited. This act, it was said, called for a College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. All other colleges and all other instruction, it was claimed, were illegal. But it was not mentioned that the Morrill Act contemplated, in terms, "other scientific and classical studies;'' that the munificent donation of the College of California was conditioned on the maintenance of a College of Letters of high grade; that the Charter had purported to establish " the University;" that the State and private individuals had given large sums and resources to "the University," and not to a College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. To remed}' the alleged defective organization the plaus were laid to abolish all but the College of Agriculture and the College of Mechanic Arts, or else to separate these from the other departments, locate them elsewhere, and devote all the funds to them alone. It was also proposed to split up the College of Agriculture into several colleges and scatter them over the State. In regard to the allegation that the University was wrongly man- aged, complaint was lodged against the Board of Regents. It was said that the Regents were partisan; that they were sectional; that they were biased by personal considerations, by professional one- sidedness. To remedy the alleged mismanagement, popular election of Regents was recommended. WALTER EDMUND MAGEE 128 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The attack upon the University as a whole came mainly from some of the churches and from the levelers. As the time for the meeting of the Constitutional Convention approached, every vested interest and every settled institution, the University included, trembled with the fear of menaced ca- lamities. Many of the things of the established order did not in the end fare so well as the University ; but, in scarcely any instances, did the results equal the antici- pated harm. The contingent of well-balanced minds diverted in the end the extreme eleiuents either into ; paths of positive good or I into harmless fulminations. Hon. Joseph P. Hoge was elected President of the Convention. Among the members were Regents Winans, Martin, and Hager. There was one alumnus, J. Richard Freud, '76. The Committee on Education was composed of Joseph W. Winans, A. H. Chapman, J. West Martin, Lucius D. Morse, J. S. Reynolds, D. W. Herrington, R. M. Lampson, John Mansfield, and W. F. Huestis. The report of this Committee relative to the University came up for discussion in the Committee of the Whole on January 21, 1879. The recommendation began : " The University of California shall constitute a public trust, and its organization and government shall be perpetually continued in their existing form and character, subject only to such legislative control as may be necessary to insure compliance with the terms of its endowments." FRANK HOWARD PAYNE THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH I2g The force of the debate was directed against the declaration that the University constituted a " public trust," and, especially, against the provision which aimed to remove the institution, so far as its organization and government were concerned, beyond the caprices of recurring Legislatures. It came about in the course of the debate that nearly every speaker was forced to declare himself a friend of the University, and, if opposed to the proposed section of the Constitution, to base his opposition on the fact of its perpetuating the Board of Regents. In the progress of the discussion speeches favorable to the University were made by Hon. Volney K. Howard, Hon. J. R. Freud, Hon. J. W. Winans, Hon. John T. Wickes, Hon. J. West Martin, Hon. M. M. Estee, Hon. J. P. West, Hon. Alexander Campbell, Jr., Hon. John S. Hager, Hon, Henry Larkin, Hon. Joseph C. Brown, Hon. J. McM. Shafter, Hon. C. V. Stuart, Hon. G. A. Johnson, Hon. J. J. Ayers, and Hon. Walter Van Dyke. The exposition of the Universitj^'s character, position and achievement by its friends was so thorough- going and convincing, that some who spoke against the report of the committee yet voted for the provision that was finally adopted ; and many who had gone to the Convention with extreme agrarian and leveling tendencies came in the last instance to the defense of the great intellectual conservator of the State. Hon. J. V. Webster, on the first day of the discussion, offered an amendment which struck out the words perpetuating the existing FREDERICK SLATE I30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA form of organization and government. A month later, however, Mr. Webster himself introduced and ably defended a substitute containing these features of the original report and more fully providing for the observance of the terms of the Morrill Act of 1862. Hon. W. P. Grace had previously offered an amendment providing that at least one woman should at all times have a place on the Board of Regents. Mr. Grace's speech elicited much applause for its gallantry, but his amendment was lost. It was probably thought unneces- sary. Hon. J. J. Ayers offered the amendment, which was carried, guaranteeing the admission of women to all collegiate departments. On February 26, 1879, Mr. Web- ster's substitute, with Mr. Ayers' amendment, became, by a vote of eighty-six to forty-five, section nine of article nine of the Consti- tution of California. Two years after the solid intrenchment of the Univer- sity in the Constitution, there came in the summer of 1881 the great internal upheaval, occasioning the most serious crisis experienced in the history of the institution. The Visitation Committee of the Board of Regents recommended that the office of President, of Professor of Mathematics, and of Greek, and several instructorships, be declared vacant. The Regents came to be closely divided before the final votes were taken. There was considerable agitation in the Faculty. There was wild excitement among the Alumni. There was hostile criticism in the press and among the EDMOND O'NEILL THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH M' public. President Le Coiite resigned ; Professor Welcker, who was unseated, was elected State Superintendent of Public Instruction, becoming thereby ex-officio Regent, just as had happened in the case of Professor Carr several years before ; Professor Bunnell, who had been unseated, was reinstated ; the instructors lost their positions. Whatever opinion may be held as to the general policy of the action, it will be admitted that there were blunderings and mistakes, that unnecessary harshness was used, and that a heritage of suspicions and animosities was left for years which might have been avoided. William T. Reid was elected President, and inaug- urated on August 23, 1881. A native of Illinois, he was graduated at Harvard in 1S6S. He had, for several years prior to his election to the Presidency, been principal of the San Francisco Boys' High School. In that capacity he had showed marked admin- istrative abilit}^ and become recognized as a leader in secondary education. As head of the University he was seriously ham- pered by the circumstances of his election. He had to overcome not only a weight of inertia, but an active opposition. No President, it is to be said, ever strove harder to fulfill his difficult task, gave more unreservedly of his time and thought, more unstintedly of his income. President Reid's administration of four years was marked by the endowment of the Mills Professorship of Intellectual and Moral WILLIAM T. REID 132 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Philosophy and Civil Polity, and the donation of funds by a number of persons for a German library ; by the establishment of the College of Dentistry, and of the Course in Letters and Political Science ; by the improved organization and expansion of many departments ; by the appointment of Professors Stringham, Cook and Howison ; by the loss from the Faculty of Professor vSill and Instructors Stillman, Royce and Sears ; by the death of Professor Pomeroy of the Law Depart- ment ; by the decline in student attendance consequent upon the breaking down of the public high schools through the operation of the Constitution of 1879 ; and by the beginning of the accredited system. The Professorship of Mathematics remained vacant for a year, when, in 1882, Irving Stringham accepted a call to that position. Professor Stringham was graduated at Harvard in 1877, and then attended Johns Hopkins University, where he held a fellowship, and from which he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. He returned to Harvard as an instructor in mathematics, but, receiving a traveling scholarship, went abroad and studied from 1880 to 1882 at the University of Leipzig. He has performed the engrossing duties of Dean of the x\cademic Faculties since 1886. He is one of our wise coun- selors. No alumnus of the University could be more devoted to her interests. IRVING STRINGHAM THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 133 After the resignation of Professor Sill, in 1882, Albert S. Cook was secured to fill the chair of the English Language and Literature. Professor Cook had been Associate in English in Johns Hopkins University from 1879 to 1881. He then went to Germany, devoting himself to compar- ative philology, and receiving, in 1882, the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Uni- versity of Jena. After a service of seven years at Berkeley he accepted in 1889 a call to Yale University. The significant work of Professor Cook in California was, first, in thoroughly organizing the department of English. The strength of Professor Sill's work lay in individual instruction. Professor Cook elaborated a full scheme of an English course. In the second place, he was one of the foremost in bringing the University and the schools into cooperative relations. It is owing to him that the English requirements for admission were placed above those anywhere else in the United States, and that California became signalized for its superior grade of high-school instruction in English. D. O. Mills, Esq., had in the early history of the University shown his public spirit and his interest in the cause of higher education by presenting to the Museum the very valuable collection of minerals, ores and fossils made by C. D. Voy. Now, on July 9, 1881, the following letter, dated July 7th, was received by the Board of Regents : ALBERT S. COOK 134 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA To the Board of Regents of the Uiiivcrsity of California : Genti^emen: My interest in the institution over which you preside, and a desire to contribute to the benefit and support of good learning, prompt me to propose to you the establishing of a permanent foundation in the nature of a trust fund, of which the income shall be applied to the maintenance, in the University of California, of a Professorship of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy and Civil Polity. The sole condition that I shall impose upon this trust and foundation is that the income only shall be devoted exclusively to the support of this professorship, and that any surplus shall be added to the original fund. ; While I propose to commit this trust to the keeping of the Regents of the University, confiding in their wisdom to direct it to the promotion of the studies to which it is dedicated, and to the steady increase of human thought and progress, and would limit it b}' no narrow boundaries of transient opinion, I desire to record my views as to the nature of this professorship, and the character of man who should be called upon to discharge its duties. The studies included under the general title pertain especially to man, his intellectual, moral and social being, and can never cease to hold a high place in human learning, nor to have a great influence on human welfare. In the widest and most liberal meaning they underlie laws, manners and religion, and in effect form the public opinion of the world; and their teacher should not be one who merel}' resorts to them, takes them up, or incidentally adopts them, but one of philosophic spirit, who shall devote his life to this appropriate field of influence and noble labor. To such a man this professorship offers opportunities limited only by his own genius and devotion. For the above purpose I inclose herewith my check for the sum of seventy-five thousand ($75,000) dollars, and will be obliged if the Board will signify to me their acceptance of the trust. Hoping that this may result to the advantage of the State and of the University, I remain, gentlemen. Very respectfully, D. O. MILLS. D. O. MILLS THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH ■K "The grace of this unrestricted offering," said John R. Jarboe, Esq., at the President's inauguration on August 23, 1881, "is equaled by the style of the instrument conveying it, and by the lofty suggestions therein offered to the consideration of those who shall control its use." After a thorough review of possible candidates to meet the purposes of this noble endowment, the Regents, on December 19, 1883, elected as the first Mills Professor of Philosophy, George Holmes Howison. Professor Howison was born in Maryland in 1834, and removed with his parents to Ohio in 1838. He was grad- uated at Marietta College in 1852. He studied theology, and held various educational positions in Ohio and Massa- chusetts until 1864, when he was appointed professor in Washington University, St. Louis. Later he became Professor of Logic and the Philosophy of Science in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and then Lecturer on Philosophy in Harvard University, and in the University of Michigan. Meantime, he had passed two years in philosophical studies in Europe, mainly at the University/ of Berlin. In 1883 he received from his ahna mater the degree of Doctor of Laws. Rev. Mark Pattison, in discussing the decline of John Stuart Mill's influence and the downfall of sensationalism in England, has said that Professor T. H. Green "brought Kant and Hegel to Oxford." Now, Professor Howison may truly be said to have brought Kant and Hegel GEORGE HOLMES HOWISON I 36 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA to Berkeley, although it may be equally true that the philosophy neither of Professor T. H. Green nor of Professor Howison is simply a reproduction of German thought. It seems to the writer that it may be profitable to inquire into and make a brief statement of the philosophical position of our first Professor of Philosophy at Berkeley, our inquiry being controlled and limited by considering (i) his relation to the University's gennis loci^ Bishop Berkeley; (2) his relation to Kant and Hegel ; and (3) his position with reference to the thought of the day, and the lesson or message he would impress upon his classes and upon all within the reach of his influence. (i.) As to Professor Howison's relation to Berkeley's philosophy, it may be said to be one of hearty agreement with Berkeley's general position, — that all reality is the reality of spirits and of what Berkeley is pleased to call their "ideas;" in short, that existence consists in the being of minds and of phenomena presented in and to them. But Professor Howison dissents from what he regards as Berkeley's imperfect psy- cholog3', which denies the existence of a priori or "innate" mental principles, and which, by its denial of the reality of general notions, destroys the reality of space and time and causality, and thus deprives the idealistic theory of all its proof, while it also reduces the external world to a series of our mere internal states, and strips it of all real spatial existence. (2.) Professor Howison is in accord with Kant where Kant corrects Berkeley, and he accepts Kant's proof of the a priori nature of space, and also of time and cause. Then he agrees with Kant that transcendental ideality of space constitutes it empirically real, thus providing for an essential complement to Berkeleian idealism b}- laying a sufficient foundation for a real distinction between outer sense and inner sense, and so giving to the material world a reality other than that of mere states of our subjective affections. He also holds with Kant to a distinction between Practical and Theoretical Reason, and the "primacy" of the former ; but, on the other hand, he dissents from Kant, and in this dissent agrees with Hegel, when Kant insists on limiting the province of Theoretical Reason to mere phenomena of the senses. It is on the large practical sides of the philosophies of both Kant and Hegel that Professor Howison places the most value. He finds himself in a main agreement with Kant's doctrine of Freedom and of Duty, and^with the great characteristic features of Kant's views as to the end of human action ; and he is in similar accord with the general spirit of Hegel's practical doctrines. His views of history, society, the state and morals, coincide largely with those of Hegel, but he dissents CORNELIUS BEACH BRADLEY THE YEARS OF INTERNAL GROWTH 1^7 seriously from Hegel's final statement of metaphysic, as not meeting the demands of Hegel's own ethics in their best aspects. Professor Howisoii's met physic is more allied with that of Aristotle and Leibnitz, especially the latter, than with either Hegel's or Kant's. (3.) We would gather that the fundamental thought, in a practical direction, of Professor Howison's teaching, is an attempt to stem the reigning current of agnosticism, to .show that reason unquestionably affirms God, Freedom and Immortaliiy, and to correct the exaggerated esteem of natural science and its methods, — the leading cause of the agnosticism of our days. " To do this, and at the same time to inspire a convinced adherence to moral conceptions beyond those of the evolu- tionary and the hedonic or utilitarian schools, and to re-awaken public spirit and patriotism by showing the divine-human foundation of political life and the ideality that there is in history, — this has been my aim and my ardent desire. Opposition to agnosticism on the one hand, and to pantheism on the other, to brittle individualism that ends in anarchism, and to socialistic imperialism that obliterates all real individual responsibility and self-maintained character, may be taken as another way of stating what I am after." In the spring of 1885 President Reid presented his resignation, to take effect at the close of the academic year. On October 20 Bdvvard Singleton Holden was elected President, with the additional title of Director of the Lick Observatory. This was a sort of promise that, when the Observatory should be completed and delivered over to the Regents, President Holden should be placed in charge of it and relieved of the presidential duties. Upon the taking effect of President Reid's resignation the Academic Faculties had chosen Professor Kellogg as their Chairman, and he executed the duties of President until the arrival of President Holden. President Holden reached California in January, 1886, and was formally inaugurated at Commencement of that j'ear, and served for two years. Then, when the Lick Observatory was about ready to be incorporated with the University, he retired from the presidency. His administration forms a period of transition between the old and the new, as does also in a certain sense that of his successor, Horace Davis. While the strong work that had been done before was greatly nourished and invigorated under President Holden, the real expansion did not come until afterwards. CHAPTER VI THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY. THE VROOMAN ACT of February 14, 1887, set free the forces of growth within the University. It gave an impulse to the institu- tion such as it had never felt before. It opened up the possibilities of expansion. It gave to the officers and friends of the University a consciousness of power and freedom of action. It in- spired the feeling that the resources of the State were really behind the institution in every progressive move- ment. It was the most important single act in our history. This statute provided that there should be levied annually, for the support of 1 the University of California, W a tax of one cent upon each C one hundred dollars of value of the taxable property of the State. The plan, which was carried into execution in this piece of legislation, had long been under consideration by officers and friends of the University. By the year 1886 the institution had gotten into serioirs financial straits. HORACE DAVIS THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY '39 9^ -^ The throb of a larger life had begun to be felt in the organism. It must be provided with the means wherewith to develop. A great amount of money was needed ; but numerous sums in the form of special appropriations would not answer the purpose ; they • would rather aggravate the seriousness of the situation. An established, regular and growing revenue was essential for the perpetuation and ad- vaucement of the University. The bill was drafted, and presented to the Legislature, in the Senate by Hon. Henry Vrooman and in the Assem- bly by Hon. C. O. x\lexander. These two gentlemen exerted all their efforts in its behalf, and, while it met with oppo- sition, it was carried by a large majority in both houses: in the Senate by thirty-eight votes in its favor to one against, in the Assembljr by a vote of fifty- eight to fourteen. Those who rendered especial service in the passage of this great act for the development of California's intellectual resources were : in the Senate, Hon. John Boggs, Hon. J. M. Briceland, Hon. J. D. Byrnes, Hon. A. Caminetti, Hon. A. L. Chandler, Hon. F. R. Dray, Hon. H. C. Gesford, Hon. James McCudden, Hon. F. J. MofEtt, Hon. George Steele, Hon. Henry Vrooman, Hon. J. N. E. Wilson ; and in the Assembly, Hon. C. O. Alexander, Hon. H. W. Carroll, Hon. John Ellsworth, Hon. M. D. Hyde, Hon. VV. H. Jordan, Hon. G. W. Knox, Hon. H. R. Mann, Hon. W. P. Mathews, Hon. Josiah Sims, Hon. L. S. Taylor, Hon. R. H. F. Variel, Hon. J. A. Wilcox and Hon. C. C. Wright. EDWARD LEE GREENE 14© THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA This statute was the most important factor in the making of the new University, but there have been many other elements of very great influence. We shall try to summarize these elements of the University's larger growth: (i) Chief among them was the energetic carrying out of the system of accrediting schools. (2) In connection with this may be mentioned, although of far less import, Univer- sity Extension and Summer Schools. (3) Federal legislation, in the form of the Hatch Experi- ment Station Act of March 2, 1887, and the Agricultural College Aid Act, or second Morrill Act, of August 30, 1890, which gave additional support to the College of Agriculture and the College of Mechanics, and enlarged their sphere of activity. (4) The inauguration of new col- leges, either founded through private munificence, as in the Lick Astronomical Depart- ment and the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art ; or arising through uatural development and readjustment at the instance of the Academic Faculties, as in the College N CHARLES MILLS GAYLEY of Social Sciences, the College of Natural Sciences, and the reorganized Colleges of Applied Science ; or established through the agency of thoughtful citizens and the Professional Faculties, as in the Veterinary College. (5) The creation of the new depart- ments of Pedagogy, Jurisprudence, Semitic Languages, Classical Archaeology, Classical and Romance Philology, Decorative and Indus- trial Art, Biology, Electrical Engineering and Physical Culture, THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY 141 the great enlargement of nearly all of the old departments, and the development of graduate instruction. (6) Numerous appointments of new professors and instructors and the establishment of fellow- ships. (7) The liberal endowments by private individuals, as scholar- ships by Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst ; a School of Industrial Arts by the bequest of J. C. Wilmerding; and a hall for the University Christian Associations by Mrs. A. J. Stiles, gifts conferring direct benefits upon the University and inspiring in the public additional con- fidence in the institution. (8) The fact of the opening of the Leland Stanford Junior Universit}/, which introduced into the community a fresh band of scholars devoted to the high purposes of educa- tion, inspired with the nobil- ity of their task of building a second great University in California, and guided by a President of wide reputation, great abilitv, and well-defined views. (9) The notable ex- hibition of the University's facilities and resources at the Midwinter International Exposition. (10) A more liberal policy on the part of the Regents, manifested in such matters as the granting of leaves of absence and the increasing of salaries. (11) A more earnest cooperation between Regents and Faculties. (12) A more spirited and better directed activity on the part of the Alumni. (13) The increase in student attendance, due mostly to the success of the high-school movement. (14) A higher tone in their intellectual work and a larger University spirit maui- ELMER E. BROWN 142 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA fested by the student body. (15) Nor must we omit the zeal and discretion of our Presidents, Horace Davis and Martin Kellogg. Upon the completion of the Lick Observatory, Pres- ident Holden was made Director of the Lick Astro- nomical Department, and Hon. Horace Davis was chosen President of the University. He was elected February 27, 18S8, and installed in office on Charter Day, March 23. President Davis was born of a distin- guished Massachusetts family March 16, 183 1. He was graduated at Harvard in 1849, ^^d) after beginning the study of law, came to California and engaged in manufacturing. He has been EDWARD B^ CLAPP prominently identified with the interests of California ever since. He has stood for everything good and worthy in the community. He was chosen by James Lick as Trustee for his School of Mechanical Arts, and by Leland Stanford as Trustee for his University. At the inauguration of President Davis, Professor Kellogg closed his address with these words: "We welcome the son of a statesman who won the rare title, ' Honest ' John Davis ; the graduate of Harvard, mother of us all ; the energetic and upright man of business, through times that tested integrity of character; the more than politician, chosen once and again to a seat in our National Legislature ; the man of culture, who, amidst the pressure of business cares, has found time to drink from wells of learning undefiled. With loyal hearts and cordial good wishes we ■--.^ THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY '43 welcome you to this advanced post of honor, this post of richest service to the State you have known so long and loved so well." On April 4, 1890, President Davis addressed to the Board of Regents the following letter resigning his post: Gentlemen : I beg to place in your hands my resignation of the office of President. When I accepted the position I agreed to make my residence in Berkeley. Circumstances be- yond my control have made it im- possible for me to carry out my promise, and I tender mjr resigna- tion, to take effect at as early a daj' as will be conven- ient to you. In all other re- spects, except mov- ing to Berkeley, I believe I have per- formed the trust you laid upon me with fidelity. The work has been congenial to me, and I have given it all my time and thought, to the entire exclusion of my private affairs, which have been intrusted to the sole management of other persons. I hope and believe that the Univer- sity has prospered under m}' admin- istration, and now, though my official .• ;.-. -,. WILLIAM CAREY JONES connection with it is dissolved, it will always have my warmest wishes for its continued welfare. It was with deep regret that the friends of the University saw that President Davis felt compelled to relinquish his exalted task. 144 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ~l^Sais&tJ!t,- They were convinced that, with all that Mr. Davis had done for the advancement of the institution, his days of greatest usefulness had only just begun, and that, with a life devoted to the work, he would have made a brilliant record. President Davis' resignation took effect on September 15, and on October i the Academic Senate elected Professor Kellogg their Presi- dent pro tempore. In the same month the Regents recognized this appointment and assigned to Professor Kellogg the duties of President, with a seat in their Board. This was the second time that the Facul- ties had signified their choice by the selection of Professor Kellogg as their Chairman ad interim, and it was an indication that he was their choice for permanent Pres- ident of the University. More than two years later, on January 24, 1893, the Regents concurred in this will of the Faculty, and on Charter Day President Kellogg was formally in- ducted into office. The final FELiciEN VICTOR PAGET paragraphs of his address delivered on that occasion were as follows : " The motto of the Universit}' diploma is, In diversis versati m taium versi. vSo this great University trust, when accepted by all good citizens, will realize the ideal of certain modern reformers, of a community working together for the common good, with no collision of interests. We may take this picture from many Utopian dreams, and work toward its realization in this formative and critical time. We may hope to do our humble part in the enlightening and uplifting of a State which owns no superior in the galaxy of our American Union. THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY '4^ " Mr. President, and gentlemen of the Board of Regents, I am young enough to cherish the liveliest hopes for the continued growth, the increased and large success, of our beloved University. I know that we have Regents who are heartily devoted to its interests ; teachers whose patient and unselfish work is a pledge of their fidelity ; students who are earnest and high-minded, loyal and filial in spirit ; Alumni who are eager to serve their Alma Mater. I see a widespread enthusiasm for the cause of education, and I know of noble gifts to old and new institutions of learning in all our progressive States. I call to mind the public spirit of our own citizens, and the generous provision made by our legislation for schools of every grade, from the primary school to the University. I rejoice in the development of our affiliated departments, reaching out to artistic as well as to profes- sional life. I recognize the helpful and stimulating influence of a strong sister University whose greetings we have received to-day. And I firmly believe that it is in our power as a University to do greater things than we have ven- tured to hope. It needs only that all the trustees of this great educational trust should be faith- ful thereto ; that we build for the coming wants of California, and thus lajf foundations for the tem- ples of knowledge and truth and righteousness, — temples which are to be, we trust, the glory of the new century, to whose borders we are almost come." In this story of the University has been told the life-work of her present hon- ored President. He began his connection with the higher education at the opening of the College of California in iS6o. He served faithfully with his few colleagues throughout the discouraging life of that institution. He was rewarded by seeing his own and Professor Durant's labors bear fruition in the establishment of the University of California, for without their endeavors and sacrifices there had been no University. He entered with large hope, confident FRANK L. WINN 146 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA view and indefatigable toil upon the upbuilding and maintenance of the University. He had more than the common share of labor, for he was for many years Dean of the Academic Facul- ties. He was organizer and secretary of the Pacific Coast Alumni Association, formed in the sixties, and rallying about the old College and the University, in its initial years, the intellect and cul- ture of the community. He has attended from the earliest years teachers' meetings, and addressed them in his won- derfully felicitous style. He has written constantly for the educational journals. He nursed the institution in its infancy ; he presides over the Uni- WILLIAM A. MERRILL versity in its day of large development and magnificent prospects. He has been the advocate of all that is best in education ; he has stood for wisely conservative progress. The University has had many Presidents in the few years of its existence. We cannot here enter into the causes of the brief tenure of that oflEce. But certain of the effects are interesting and may be briefly noted. To the public it has seemed indicative of a weakness somewhere, and has tended, consequently, to lower the institution in the public esteem. But there is one great permanent effect which it has had upon the LEON J. RICHARDSON THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY ■47 Faculties which cannot be accounted wholly bad. It has made them feel that they had the responsibility in the building of the University. It has rendered them self- reliant to an unusual degree. It has made them capable of conducting the institution regardless of who may be President. The death of President John Le Conte, which occurred April 29, 1 89 1, was an im- measurable loss, and yet had in it its benediction. The death of such a man, while robbing the world of a living presence, yet leaves a saint in the environment where he lived. To those who knew him, and also to those who never knew him, to remotest generations, the name of Le Conte, his own and his brother's, will sanctify Berkeley and the University where these two brothers of beautiful life spent the days of their ripened manhood. On the tomb of John Le Conte there should be written but a single word: TRUTH. We cannot undertake to give personal mention of the instructors and professors appointed or promoted in the Academic Faculties during the administrations of Presidents Holden, Davis and Kellogg. During this time there have been fourteen appointments or promotions to professorships, nine to associate professorships, twelve to assistant professorships, and twenty-two to instructorships, each in cases not followed by higher THOMAS R. BACON CLARENCE W. LEACH 148 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA promotion, two of lecturers, one of Director of Physical Culture, and a great number of fellows and assistants. We can do no more than specify the names of these persons. A brief individual mention will be given in the list of the Faculties to be found in the Appendix. Professor Charles Mills Gayley was called from the University of Michigan in 1889 to succeed Professor Cook, resigned, in the chair of the English Language and Literature. Professor Frederick Slate was promoted in 1891 to succeed Professor John Le Conte, deceased, in the chair of Physics. Profes- sor Edward Lee Greene was promoted to the chair of Botany. Professor Elmer E. Brown, appointed Associate Professor in 1892, was, in 1893, promoted to the Professorship of Pedagogy, then first created. Professor Edward Bull Clapp was in 1893 called from Yale to the Professorship of the Greek Language and Literature. In 1894 Profes- sor William Carey Jones was promoted to the chair of Jurisprudence ; Professor C. B. Bradley to the chair of Rhetoric ; Professor F. V. Paget to the chair of the French and Spanish Languages ; and Rabbi Jacob Voorsanger was appointed to the chair of Semitic Languages, each of these four chairs being then first created ; and EDWARD J. WICKSON ARTHUR P. HAYNE THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY 149 Professor William A. Merrill was appointed to the chair of Latin made vacant by Professor Kellogg's appointment to the Presidency. In 1S88 Dr. Frank Howard I ■ I Payne was appointed Director of Physical Cnlture. The chair of Military Science and Tactics was filled by Lieut. George F. E. Harrison, 1886-90, by Lieut. Benjamin Harrison Randolph, 1890-93, and has been held by Lieut. Frank L. Winn since 1893. The Associate Professors promoted from lower rank during this time were : in 1S89, George C. Edwards in Mathematics, Thomas R. Bacon in History; in 1891, Isaac Flagg in Classical Philology, Edward J. Wickson in Agri- culture, Horticulture and Entomology; in 1892, Andrew C. Lawson in Geology and Mineralogy ; in 1893, Harold Whiting in Physics; in 1894, Mellen W. Haskell in Mathematics, and George Morey Richardson in Classical Archseology. Likewise, in 1894, Henry T. Ardley was called from the University of Minnesota to the position of Associate Professor of Decorative and Indus- trial Art. Those who received new appointments or promotions as Assistant Professors were: in 1890, Edmond O'Neill in Chemistry, and Alexis F. Lange in English ; ANDREW C. LAWSON ERNEST A. HERSAM 1^0 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in 1S91, Hermann Kower in Instrumental Drawing, Henry Senger in German, Robert H. Loughridge in Agriculture, and Charles W. Woodworth in Entomology; in 1892, Clarence Iv. Cory in Mechanical Engineering; in 1893, Armin O. Leuschner in Astronomy, William E. Ritter in Biology, and Carl C. Plehn in History and Economics; and in 1894, Thomas P. Bailey, Jr., in Pedagogy. The following received appointments as Instructors: in 1889, ^ William D. Armesin English, Franklin Booth in Mining, resigned in 1894, and Frank G. Hubbard in English, resigned in 1892 ; in 1890, Henry I. Randall in Civil Engineering; in 1891, Marshall A. Howe in Botany, Samuel D. Huntington in French, Walter E. Magee in Physical Culture, W. J. Raymond in Physics, and L. F. Cheesebrough in Me- chanics ; in 1892, George E. Colby in Viticulture, Elmer R. Drew in Physics, Fred E. Haynes in History, Meyer E. Jaffa in Agriculture, A. B. Pierce in Mathematics, L,. J. Richardson in Latin, William J. Sharwood in Chemistry, Louis Du Pont Syle in English; in 1893, George M. Stratton in Philosophy, and Thomas F. Sanford in English; in 1894, Louis T. Hengstler in Mathematics, E. A. Hersam in Metallurgy, C. S. H. Howard and Gustave Faucheux in French, E. B. McGilvary in English, B. R. Maybeck in Drawing, and E. H. Simonds in Assa3nng. In temporary positions. Professor Edward T. Owen served during the year 1886-87 ^.s Professor of French, and, during the two years HAROLD WHITING THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY 'S' ELMER R. DREW sufficient to support eight scholarships for worthy I bind myself to pay time, and I have pro- fund after my death, tling students to the noble character and high that without the assist- versity course would, in ■■■ * * The award " vote of the Faculty, but 1888-90, Professor A. A. Howard as Professor of Latin. Professor Adolph C. Miller was Lecturer on Political Bconomy in 1890-91, and Theodore H. Hittell, Esq., delivered a course of lectures on California History in 1893. H. P. Johnson is ad interim Associate Professor of Biology for the year 1894-95. On September 28, 1891, Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst addressed to the Regents a letter, in which she said: "It is my intention to contribute annually to the funds of the University of California a sum " " three-hnndred-dollar WILLIAM J. RAYMOND young women. '■' '^' '''■'' this sum during my life- vided for a perpetual The qualifications enti- scholarships shall be aims, it being understood ance here given the Uni- each case, be impossible, shall be "made by a I do not wish any scholarships to be given as a prize for honors in entrance examinations." By a resolution of the Board of Regents, accepting for the students this enlightened bounty, the scholarships were named the Phebe Hearst Scholarships. The appreciation felt by the Univer- sity authorities is expressed in this extract from a letter by the Chairman of the Committee on Inter- nal Administration, Regent George T. Marye, Jr.: " Such gifts are not alone a monument of the generosity and public spirit of the donors, but it must also be a source of the deepest satisfaction to them to reflect upon the number of young lives which will in the course of time be made brighter MARSHALL A. HOWE Ip THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA and easier by their liberality ; and it seems peculiarly fit and pleasing in this instance, that, as the University of California was one of the first to throw open its doors to women, a woman is the first to give to the University a benefaction for the encourage- ment of undergraduates. "The State of California has labored nobly in the field of higher education in creating and endowing the State University, but it is only through the cooperation of private persons of generous impulses and lofty ideas that that great seat of learning can reach the full measure of its expansion and perform the full measure of its usefulness. The University belongs to the people, and, as its achievements are marked and noted, it will become more and more an object of pride and affection to all, and its needs will be recognized by those who are willing and able to meet them, and I feel the confident hope that your example will kindle a generous emulation in a long line of others." By request of the Regents a portrait of Mrs. Hearst was painted by the California artist, Orrin Peck, to be hung on the walls of the Library. The portrait was received on Commencement Day, 1S94, and was acknowledged by Miss Ariana Moore of the graduating class. As expressive of the appreciation of the young women of the University, we give a few sentences : " In making welcome the face of Mrs. Hearst to the goodly fellowship of the University por- traits, we have the double pleasure of giving and receiving ; and it is with equal gladness on the part of the University that the gift is acknowledged and the honor conferred. * * * Mrs. Hearst is well known to the people of San Francisco as one of that class of persons, never too numerous at any time or place, who give a consid- erable portion of their time and thought to the occupation of making two blades of grass grow where one grew before. * * * It would be pleasant to know if, with the same clear-sightedness that led her to found the scholarships she has given to the University, she under- stands how thoroughly she has succeeded in being both wise and kind, and if, beside the general good to the University, she knows the full measure of the gift to those who receive it. * * * When Mrs. Hearst puts a college education within reach of a girl, she has a right to expect that the recipient will prove herself worthy; and yet, if I know the spirit of the gift, she would not have any feeling of gratitude or of responsibility to her form any part of a student's motive. The only motive that serves for scholarship in the highest sense is fidelity to one's own best nature." MRS. PHEBE A. HEARST 1^4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA While the University received endorsement from the Constitution of 1879, public secondary education was prostrated. The leveling tendency of the time was most clearly seen in this direction. It was with dif- ficulty that the friends of a complete system of education wrere able even to confer upon the Legislature the permis- sive power ever to authorize the establishment of local High Schools. The provision adopted was that all State school moneys should be distributed to grammar and primary schools alone. As a consequence, High Schools in nearly all places except the leading centers passed out of existence. A chasm was cre- MELLEN w. HASKELL ated be- tween the public schools and the public University. The people of the State were deprived of the benefits of home High Schools and thereby of a free road from their free schools to their free University. Many an ambitious young man and young woman of the State was cut off from a coveted education. That the public intellect did not really approve this condition of things was shown by bold, isolated efforts at correction, by instances of evasion and circumvention, by an inadequate State law, and at last by a general and determined revival, under legislative sanction, of a system of local High Schools. A, B. PIERCE THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY I^? LOREN £. HUNT The question of receiving students into the University on diploma from preparatory schools was long discussed by the Academic Fac- ulties. The suggestion came from those who had been connected with the University of Michigan and had there seen the working of the plan. The conservative opinion in favor of examinations was so strong, however, that the advocates of the new scheme did not gain their point until 1884. On March 4 of that year the Board of Regents indorsed the accrediting policy as formulated by the Faculty. The original idea was borrowed from Michigan, but in practical working the Cali- fornia plan differs from any in the country. To every school asking to be accredited the University sends a representative of every leading department of study taught in it: English, mathematics, science, history, classics, modern languages. There may be thus five or even six examiners visiting a school. The examiner spends more or less time, sometimes a whole day, in the class-rooms, observing the teacher in the work of instruction, himself testing the knowledge of the pupils and inspecting their written work. The odd hours of HENRY T. ARDLEY the evening and afternoon are occupied by the examiner in talking with school directors and influential citizens on behalf of the High 1^6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA School and of education. Perhaps a public lecture is delivered. These examinations are repeated annually, although, when a certain amount of stability is attained in the school, one or more of the examiners may accept a teacher's work without an annually repeated inspection. As a rule, the examiners present themselves at the school without previous notification. Preliminarily to the personal visit to the school, specimen papers of the pupils' work are sent to the University. Likewise, to a certain extent, the school ac- credited is dependent for its continued good standing on the record in the Freshman year of its recommended grad- uates. The examiners report their findings to the Faculty Committee on Examination of Schools, which is composed of most of the examiners, or their representatives, together with one or two other profes- sors. After the conference in this committee, a report is finally made to the Academic Faculties, and, if the decision is favorable, the school is formally " accredited " for the year. Further, for a pupil to be admitted to the University he must have been graduated and must present an individual and personal recommendation from the principal. Principals do not by any means recommend all the pupils whom they have graduated. The system is thus exceptionall}' safeguarded, thorough and effective. Two modifications have been made in the original plan. (i) If good work is done in nearly all the studies, the rule is modified so that the school may be accredited in its deserving work. (2) The ALEXIS F. LANGE THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY M principal of the school may recommend his graduates, subject to ex- ceptions in particular branches, which for any reason he is not willing to vouch for. In either of these cases the applicant to the University must present himself at the matriculation examinations in the studies for which the school is not accredited or which the principal has excepted in his recommendation. Regular matriculation examinations are maintained in full force for applicants coming from non-accredited schools, and persons from accredited schools refused the recommen- dation of the principal may present themselves without prejudice at the examinations. At first the schools responded slowly to the University's invitation. In 1884 three High Schools, the San Francisco Boys', the Oakland and the Berkeley, came forward and were examined and accredited. In 1885 there were four, the three of the previous year and the Stockton High School. In 18S6 there were six, the Alameda and Sacra- mento High Schools being added to the list. In 1887 and 1889 the list remained, for public schools, stationary; in 1889 there was one addition, the Los Angeles High School. There were several causes to account for this slow affiliation, (i) There were not many public High Schools existent in the State. They had been killed, or discouraged into non-activity, by the new Constitu- tion. (2) There was no local pride in favor of the High School; there HERMANN H. KOWER iS8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA was no rivalry among the schools. (3) The University requirements were not understood by the public or by the teachers. The University took no special pains to impart information. The schools waited for the University to come to them ; the University waited for an invitation from the schools. In the winter of 1S88-S9 the University began to realize that it had a mission to fulfill by bringing itself in contact with such High Schools and private prepara- tory schools as existed in the State and by cultivating, in the various localities of the State, a desire for high- school learning. The work was systematically under- taken, first by a single member of the Facultj^, and then, when schools in various parts of the State had under this stimulus applied for accrediting, bj^ several of the University examiners. The results of these systematic efforts were: (i) In 1S90 thirteen public and private schools were accredited ; In i8gi, twenty-five; in 1892, thirty-one; in 1893, forty; in 1894, forty-eight. (2) Cordial and mutually helpful relations with the three State Normal Schools, the graduates of which are now received into the University in regular standing, for the first year, their standing after that being determined by evidence of their scholarship. (3) A great increase in the number of High Schools, and State legislation encouraging and regulating their establishment. (4) A strong and healthy rivalry among the schools and communities ROBERT H. LOUGHRIDGE THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY 1^9 in the interest of secondary education and of University accrediting. (5) An approximation toward standard curricula for the schools. (6) The establishment of educational conferences between the Uni- versity, Normal Schools and High Schools. (7) A large increase in the student attendance at the University. Private preparatory schools were not at first recognized under the accrediting system, but in 18S8 the privilege was extended to them, and the Belmont School was in that year placed on the approved list. In the next year the San Bernardino Academy was added, and in 1894 there were nine on the list. The first attempt to counteract the influence of the new Constitution was in 1884, by the law providing for the so-called Grammar School Course. This was a law introduced by Assembly- man A. Caminetti. It provided that such grammar schools as should add to their terms sufficient time and to their curricula the proper subjects to fit pupils for the scientific departments of the University, should receive three dollars per capita for all pupils enrolled in the Grammar School Course. A number of such schools sprang up, received their appor- tionment of moneys, and sent a few students to the University. The influence of the law was, however, mainly educative of the public sense. There was question of its constitutionality ; it was limited in its operation ; but it showed that high-school education was desired in JOACHIM H. SENGER i6o THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORINA the State, and it helped to pave the way to better things. In 1891 and in 1893 the Legislature enacted laws for the establishment of County High Schools and Union District High Schools. The effect of these statutes has been magical. The number of High Schools in the State in 1887 was 19; in 1SS8, 21 ; in 18S9, 21 ; in 1890, 24; in 1891, 37; in 1892, 62; in 1893, 67; and in 1894, 92. Even greater progress would have been made if there had not been question about the sufficiency of the laws, which need wise remodeling. Some words may be profitabl3^ expressed as to the probable future of the accredit- CHARLES W. WOODWORTH j^g- SVS- tem in California. It is a subject that has many problems in it. Those who have seen it grow up, and watched the benefits result from it, will not readily let it go or be replaced by a laxer system. But California is a State of immense distances. The powers of the Faculty are now about taxed to their utmost to meet the demands of school visiting. The number of schools will increase in the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys, in Southern California and in the Bay region. That c. s. h. howard will materially add to the task as it now stands. And when along the northern coast and in the Sierra foothills lines of High THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY l6l Schools are established, the resources of the University as at present provided will not meet the demand. The absence of the professors and instructors from their classes will be too protracted to be admissible. But the S3/stem is too good a thing for the educational welfare of the State to be lost; it seems to the writer that the State must some daj', perhaps through its legislative channel, make provision for such additions to the University corps as to perpetuate the system in its thoroughgoing efficiency. President Davis said in 1888: "California, I am sorry to say, is among the most backward in the matter of High Schools." In 1895 ^he is conspicuously in the foremost ranks. If the State shall supply the further needed assistance and make pro- vision for adequate Universitj? inspection, she will be among the very leaders. During the winter of 1890-91 a course of lectures by members of the Faculty of the University was deliv- ered in the Unitarian Church in Oakland. Though these were single lectures b}^ differ- ent speakers, on unconnected topics, they were announced as University Extension lectures, and served to direct local attention to the move- ment that had already passed out of the experimental stage in England, and since 1887 had met with marked success CLARENCE L. CORY in the East. Early in the spring of 1891 the matter was formally brought before the Academic Faculties, and in the following fall three additional courses, in accordance with English and Eastern ideas 1 6: THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA VICTOR LEHNER November, 189 1, decided receiving above a certain should be entitled to due credit for the work ever become regular stu- During the second work in Mathematics Francisco, and a course Historical and Compar- was given by Professor The fact that the those actively engaged in of University Extension, were given in San Fran- cisco : one on Shakespeare's Tragedies, at the Academy of Sciences, by Professor Gayley; one on the Transition from Mediaeval to Modern His- tory, at the First Unitarian Church, by Associate Professor Bacon ; one on Propsedeutic to Higher Analysis, at the Boys' High School, by Professor Striugham; and one on Ethics, at the Unitarian Church in Oakland, by Professor Howison. As the work in these courses was substantially the same as that in the University, the Faculties in that Extension students grade on examination certificates giving them ROBERT S. NORRIS performed, should they dents of the University, term of 1891-92 the was continued in San of twelve lectures on ative English Grammar Bradley. courses were given by the work of instruction at the University made it impossible that during term time lectures should be delivered at any distance from Berkeley. During the summer vacation of 1892, however, on the invitation of the Unity Club of Los Angeles, a course of six lectures on The History of Modern Europe was delivered in that city by Professor Moses, The course was so successful that it was followed in 1S93 by a course of six lectures on Ice as a Geo- logical Agent by Professor Le Conte, and in 1894 by six lectures on The Development of English Comedy by Professor Gayley. WALTER C. BLASDALE THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY 163 The first courses given were somewhat experimental, and hence were undertaken by the Faculties on their own authority, but, when the experiment proved successful, it was felt that work of such importance should not be continued without the officially expressed sanction of the Regents. In January, 1892, therefore, the Academic Senate, by a series of resolutions, submitted the whole question of University Extension to the governing body. The matter was referred b}/ the Board of Regents to their Committee on Internal Administration, who reported in favor of continuing the work in San Francisco, Oakland and Los Angeles, provided it could be done without detriment to the regular work of the Univer- sity. The fee to be paid by each student attending a course was fixed at two dol- lars and a half for eighteen lectures. It was provided that the University Exten- sion work must be entireU' voluntary on the part of the members of the Academic Senate engaging in it, and no provision was made for their extra compensation or for a diminution of their usual duties in the University/. After careful consideration the report of the commit- tee was adopted on February 14, 1S93, and in the following month Instructor William D. Amies was appointed Secretary, "to take super- vision of tlie University Extension work." Later it was deemed advisable to modify the rule in regard to a tuition fee at the courses in San Francisco, and these courses were, by ARMIN O. LEUSCIiNER 164 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA vote of the Board on October 10, 1893, made free. Moreover, so many requests came in from other places where associations were able and willing to pay lecturers that on November 14, 1893, the Board passed a resolution permitting courses "arranged for on a like basis with Extension Courses at the East." During the year 1892-93 three courses were delivered in San Fran- cisco : one on Differential and Integral Calculus, at the Boys' High School, by Professor String- ham ; one on The Herbartian Pedagogy, at the Commercial School, by Professor Brown; and one on The Ancient and Mediseval Dramas, at the _ Acad em 3' of Sciences, by Mr. Amies; — and two in Oakland : one on " Paradise Lost," at the High School, by Assistant Professor Lange, and one on General Astron- omy, at the Chabot Observ- atory, by Mr. Leuschner. The munificent gift of Mr. Edward F. Searles did much to further University ' Extension work in San - :--.•. Francisco. A room on the WILLIAM E. RiTTER lower floor of the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art was fitted up as a lecture room, and each term a number of courses free to the public are given there. The success of the movement has been so great, however, that the capacit}' of the room has proved far too small for the number that desired to attend the lectures, and it is literally true that to some of the more popular courses hundreds have been unable to secure admittance. During 1S93-94 six courses were given here: THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY i6^ -«^ WILLIAM D. ARMES the Oedipus Rex of Sophocle?, by Period of German Literature, by number desiring to hear the first of these courses was so great, however, that after the first lecture the course was delivered in the more commo- dious hall of the Academy of Sciences. In several other cities and elsewhere in San Francisco successful courses have been given under tlie mauagement of local organizations: in Sacramento, under the auspices of the resident alumni of the University, two courses: Econ- omics of Industry, by Assistant ' The Logic of Mathematics : Geometry, by Professor String- ham ; Introduction to Political Economy, by Assistant Professor Plehn ; Poets and Dramatists of the Eighteenth Century, bj? Mr. Syle ; The Logic of Mathe- matics : Algebra, by Professor Stringham ; the Epistles of Horace, by Assistant Professor Richardson ; and Poets of the Nineteenth Century, by Mr. Amies. During the first term of 1894-95 three courses were announced : Ice as a Geological Agent, by Professor Le Conte ; Professor Clapp ; and the Classical Assistant Professor Senger. The 4 ^-4 CARL C. PLEHN 1 66 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Professor Plehn, and The Development of Etiglish Comedy, by Professor Gayley; in San Jose, a conrse on Napoleon and His Epoch, by Associate Professor Bacon ; in Ventnra one, on Causes of the Present Social Unrest, by Professor Moses ; in Oakland, one on the Phenomena of Glacial Action, by Professor Le Conte, one on Problems of Political Science, by Assistant Professor Plehn, and one on Poets of the Nineteenth Century, by Mr. Amies ; and in San Francisco, at the hall of the Young Men's Christian Association, one on Napoleon and His Epoch, b}^ Associate Professor Bacon, and one on Poets of the Nineteenth Century, by Mr. Armes. THE UNIVERSITY AND BERKELEY IN 1873 7 '.'«'A We have now reached the conclusion of the general historical survey of our subject. We have seen the University grow from the humblest beginnings to the position of a great and noble institution. The hopes of its founders have been realized ; the labors of its friends have been rewarded. May it be equal to the problems of the coming days; may it be an agent of human improvement and enlightenment in the twentieth century. CHAPTER VII THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES. ORGANIZATION. A REORGANIZATION of the Academic Colleges, at Berkeley, was carried out during the years 1892, 1893 and 1894. The Charter of the University provided for a College of Letters, as heir to the College of California, and five Colleges of Applied Science, as realiza- tions of the Congressional Endowment Act of 1S62. The College of Letters contemplated, in strictness, a perpetuation of the traditional classical college, based on the ancient languages and the humanities generall}' and leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. However, under the authority of the Regents, a course in modern letters, called the Literary Course, was allied to the College of Letters, and later, a course of combined literary and historical study, called the Course in Letters and Political Science, was placed in the same connection. No place was provided in the original scheme for curricula in which the main lines of study should be in the direction of pure science. This was a serious defect in the early organization of the University. Departments were established, for instance, in mathematics, physics, biology, geology, and mineralogj^, and yet it was not possible to stud}' any of these for its own sake and at the end of the course obtain a degree. And, furthermore, in the curriculum of each of these three courses in letters and of each of the five courses in applied science, there was a line of prescribed work which negatived any equivalence of other subjects. With a primary election as among these eight courses, or colleges, and a secondary election of a limited extent within a 1 68 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA college, real choice of studies was yet denied the student. The better the student, the worse the condition of things. The Faculty had long considered the matter of readjustment, and had discussed several plans before adopting the final scheme. With a general consensus of opinion they were opposed to any plan of free election which would throw open the whole field of knowledge and permit the un- trained student to plow his furrow in whatsoever direction he pleased. They were practicall}' unanimous in the view that, for any selected course of study, there were certain fundamental subjects. But they were equally unani- mous in thinking that, these fundamental branches once acquired, an election, if regu- lated, was indispens- able for producing a consciously trained scholar. Accordingly, the JOHN LE coNTE Collegc of Lcttcrs was stripped of its appendages, and rehabilitated ; the Literary Course and the Course in Letters and Political Science were, in name, abolished, and, in substance, merged in the more comprehensive College of Social Sciences. The lack of opportunities in the way of pure science and the limitations of the Colleges of Applied Science were remedied by the establishment of a College of Natural Sciences, while the JOSEPH LE CONTE lyo THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Colleges of Applied Science were made more strictly technical courses. The resulting scheme may be shown as follows : NORTH HALL A. The Colleges of Liberal Culture : (i) The College of Letters ; (2) The College of Social Sciences; (3) The College of Natural Sciences. B. The Colleges of Applied Science: (i) The College of Agriculture; (2) The College of Chemistry ; (3) The Engineering Colleges : (i) The College of Mechanics ; (ii) The College of Mines ; (iii) The College of Civil Engineering THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 171 II. THE COLLEGES OF LIBERAL CULTURE. The undergraduate curriculum of the College of Letters corre- sponds to the classical course of the leading American colleges, the prescribed study of Greek and Latin forming its distinguishing feature. It is designed to furnish a liberal education, and to afford preparation for professional studies. It leads to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. The undergraduate instruction in the College of Social Sciences is designed to furnish a liberal education along the more modern lines, affording opportunity for literarj^, linguistic, historical, and economic studies, as well as preparation for the professional school. It diverges SOUTH HALL from the curriculum of the College of Letters mainly in that it omits Greek, and does not insist on Latin except in the requirement for entrance. It leads to the degree of Bachelor of Letters. 172 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The undergraduate curriculum of the College of Natural Sciences gives prominence to the natural sciences as elements of culture, and affords preparation for a professional career in science. It leads to the degree of Bachelor of Science. In these three Colleges the requirements for graduation call for the completion of one hundred and twenty-five units, meaning by a unit a credit of one hour per week for one-half year, distributed in the three following classes: A. Prescribed Studies. — Sixty-five units, as allotted in this table: Studies. / S, 9 ID English Mathematics Natural Sciences French or German Latin, French, German, History.. Latin Greek Greek, or Latin, or both languages Military Science Physical Ctilture Total hours College of Letters. College of Social Sciences. College of Natural Sciences. 8 10 10 lO 10 10 lO 12 26 14 28 14 6 6 6 5 5 5 65 65 65 B. Group Electives. — Thirty units of advanced studies in one subject, or not more than two cognate stibjects, chosen from one of the following groups, all six groups being open to students in the College of Letters, groups i, 2, 3, 4 being open to students in the College of Social wScieiices, and groups i, 2, 5. 6 being open to students in the College of Natural Sciences. 1. Philosophy : either alone or together with one subject from group 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. 2. Pedagogy : either alone or together with one subject from group i, 3, 4, 5, or 6. 3. Economics, Politics, History, Law. 4. Any languages or literatures that maj' be taught in the Academic depart- ments of the University ; Comparative Philology, Arclijeology, Art, etc. 5. Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy. 6. Physics, Chemistry, Geology (including Paleontology, Mineralogy and Petrography), the Biological Sciences (including Botany). C. Free Electives. — Thirty units, chosen b}^ the student from the entire list of courses of instruction offered in the Academic departments, subject, however, to the necessary requirement that a proper sequence of studies be observed. o o a X) o 174 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA In each of these Colleges, then, one-half of the curriculum is determined with a view to the information, discipline and culture requisite for the pursuit of advanced studies. At least one-quarter of the curriculum consists of an elective group of advanced courses in the direction of the studj? and research which the student desires especially to pursue. The remainder of the curriculum is left entirely free and open to the choices of the student. This reorganization of the curriculum secures, first, a division into general or fundamental courses on the one hand, and special or advanced courses on the other. With his entrance upon the elective i CONSERVATORY, UNIVERSITY GROUNDS group the student is introduced to aims and methods of study which obtain not only for higher undergraduate courses, but for graduate work. The reorganization secures, secondly, the regulation of the purely elective element by the restriction of at least one-half of it to a group chosen in a special department of scholarship. It is believed that this adjustment of courses is preferable, both to the svstem of rigid prescription and to that of unrestricted freedom in election, since it provides not only for liberal culture, but for concentrated and system- atic study in the direction of the student's prefei'ence, and for training in methods of original investigation. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES '7? III. THE COLLEGES OF APPLIED SCIENCE. I. The College of Agriculture. The undergraduate curricula of tlie Colleges of Agriculture and Chemistry were, during the year 1893-94, reorganized upon a basis somewhat similar to that of the Colleges of Liberal Culture. Pre- scribed studies are determined with a view to the technical, as well as BOTANICAL CLASS ROOM to the general, training of the student. In the College of Agriculture about two-thirds of the course is prescribed in preliminarj?, liberal, and technical studies. The remainder is distributed among free elec- tives and electives consisting of agricultural and cognate studies. The requirements for graduation from the College of Agriculture, with the degree of Bachelor of Science, call for the completion of one [76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA hundred and twenty-five units, distributed among the three following classes : A. Prescribed Studies. — Seventy-nine units, as follows : Alathematics, 10 units; Physics, 12; Cliemistr}', 10; English, 10; Botany, 6; French or German, 14 ; Agricultural Chemistr}-, 6 ; Agriculture and Horticulture, 6 ; Military Science, 5 ; Physical Culture ; Thesis. B. Cognate Electives. — Twenty-two units in Agriculture, together with one of the following : Physics, Chemistrj', Geolog}', Meteorolog}', Biological Sciences, and Engineering. C. Free Electives. — Twenty-four units, chosen by the student from the entire list of studies given in the Academic departments. The laboratories, which provide for practical instruction, experi- menting and research, in connection with the College of Agriculture, AGRICULTURAL LABORATORY are three in number, the agricultural, viticultural, and entomological. They occupj' rooms in the Experiment Station Building. The Agricultural Laboratory is devoted primarily to the prosecution of chem- ical and physical researches in relation to general agriculture, such as the mechanical THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES '77 and chemical examination of soils, waters, agricultural products, natural and commercial fertilizers, etc., and the determination of technical questions relating to agricultural processes or manufactures. The results of this work are reported to the persons interested ; so far as they are of general interest, they are published, currently in the form of bulletins, ultimately in the form of annual reports. READING ROOM, U. S. EXPERIMENT STATION BUILDING The Viticulhiral Laboratory, which is the only one of its kind in the United States, is intended not only for the analysis of musts and wines, but also for the experimental production of wines on a small scale. Wines are here made exper- imentally, for the purpose of testing the peculiarities of different grape varieties, or differences caused by the various soils and localities, so as to place the mutual adaptation of vines, soils and localities upon a definite basis as quickly as possible. The various methods of fermenting and treating wines are also tested. For olive testing, by actual manufacture of oil from different varieties, an outfit of the most improved machinery has been provided. The manufacture is supplemented by close laboratory treatment of the product, to determine accurately its characteristics. For the Entomological Laboratory and Museum a partial equipment has been provided, which includes cabinets, desks, dissecting apparatus, microscopes, re- agents, etc. 178 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The peculiar conditions of California with regard to soil, climate, and situa- tion have rendered useless for farmers here much of the experience of older regions, and have made imperative a new study of the bearing of these conditions upon the agriculture of the State and of the Pacific Slope. The College of Agriculture has for fifteen years conducted an Experiment Station, where questions of this nature have been investigated and determined, and where data for a full knowledge and description of the agricultural features of the State are collected and organ- ized. In recent years, aid from the Government of the United States has greatly extended the scope of such investigation by the establishment of outlying culture stations, and by making possible a more comprehensive plan of experimentation in the central station at Berkeley. Here the results of work at all the outlying CHEMISTRY BUILDING stations are elaborated, discussed, and published in the form of occasional bulletins or of annual reports. Advanced students have the opportunity of taking such part in this work as their qualifications permit. There are at present eight stations at which this work is prosecuted, namely : A. The Central Station at Berkeley, organized in the year 1875. B. Four Outlying Cultiire Stations, intended mainly for culture experiments in the several distinct climatic regions of the State. These are : (i ) The Sierra Foothill Station, near Jackson, Amador County ; (2) the Southern Coast Range Station, near Paso Robles, San L,uis Obispo County ; (3 ) the San Joaquin Valley THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 179 Station, near Tulare, Tulare County ; (4) the ,Southern California Station, on the Chino Ranch, between Chino and Pomona, L,os Angeles County. C. Two Forestry Stations, one at Santa Monica, L,os Angeles County, the other near Chico, Butte County. The management of these stations was trans- ferred to the University by the State I^egislature in 1893. D. A Viticultural Station, near Mission San Jose, Alameda County, under private auspices. 2. The College of Chemistry. The undergraduate course of instruction in the College of Chem- istry is designed for those who wish to become professional chemists, SOLITH FRONT, CHEMISTRY BUILDING whether as teachers and investigators, as analytical chemists, or as engaged in chemical industries. It is intended also for those who wish a thorough grounding in the science of chemistry, both theoret- ical and practical, as a preparation for the future study and practice of medicine, pharmacy, metallurgy, etc. While chemistry is the prom- inent study of the college, the course offers at the same time an opportunity to pursue a somewhat extended range of studies in all the >- X u z < o O z THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES [8l sciences, and such a selection of elective studies may be made as to meet the special needs of several classes of students. The requirements for graduation call for the completion of oue hundred and twenty-five units, distributed as follows : Prescribed Studies. — Sixty-one units, as follows : Chemistry, 15 units; Physics, 16; Mathematics, 10; French or German, 14; English, 6; Military Science, 5; Physical Culture ; Thesis. Group Electives. — Thirty units, as follows: Chemistry, 15 units; and 15 units in one of the following subjects : Physics, Biological Sciences (including Zoology, LABORATORY FOR ADVANCED CHEMISTR'i- Physiology, and Botany), Geology (including Mineralogy and Petrography), Metal- lurgy (including Assaying), and Mathematics. Free Electives. — Twenty units : any subjects given in the Academic Colleges, observing a proper sequence of studies. The Chemical Laboratories, in the large new Chemistry Building, are exten- sive and commodious, well lighted and well ventilated, and offer excellent facilities for the study of chemistry. They comprise the following : An E/eiiieiitary Labor- atory for beginners ; a Qualitative and a Quantitative Laboratory, each containing all the usual appliances ; an Organie Labora.tory for special and advanced studies 1 82 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in organic chemistry, and two large Research Laboratories. Special rooms are devoted to volumetric analysis, spectrum analysis, and electrolysis. Ample facilities are provided for chemical analyses, and for investigations in foods, drinking waters, mineral waters, poisons, etc. J. The Engineering Colleges. During the year 1893-94 an important reorganization of the courses in the Engineering Colleges was accomplished. The special features of the present curricula are : Firstly, a minimum four-year course of fifteen units per week, exclusive of Physical Culture and Military Exercises, is required. In this minimum course only such studies are included as are essential to professional training. Secondly, * * *^ ^*' FIELD PRACTICE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING but few studies are pursued at the same time, and they are as nearly as possible interdependent. Thirdly, the relation of practical appli- cation to theory is emphasized. Instruction is from the beginning illustrated by exercises in the laboratory, the drawing room, and the THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 183 field. Fourthly, an effort is made to utilize the vacations of students for further application of their knowledge in the direction of future professional pursuits. For this purpose summer schools in Surveying, MECHANICS BUILDING Practical Mining, Mechanical Practice, and Astronomy have been organized. Lastly, in addition to the minimum of fifteen units per week, students without conditions are allowed to elect four units per week from any of the courses given in the University for which they have the necessary preparation. (i) The College of Mechanics. The requirements for graduation, with the degree of Bachelor of Science, call for the completion of one hundred and twenty-five units, distributed as follows : Prescribed Studies. — Mathematics, 19, with 4 units alternative with Mechan- ical Practice and Metallurgy ; Physics, 16, with 3 units alternative with Mechanical Practice ; Chemistry, 10 ; Drawing, 12 ; Mechanics, including Analytic Mechanics, 1 84 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Electrical Kngineering, and Mechanical Practice, with 4 units alternative with Mathematics and Physics ; Surveying and Strength of Materials, 10 ; Metallurgy, 2 units alternative with Mathematics ; Military Science, 5 ; Physical Culture. General Electives. — Thirteen units in Mechanical and Physical lyaboratory and Construction, or: Electrical Electives. — Thirteen units in Electrical Engineering. mechanical Laboratories. — The completion and furnishing of the new Mechanical Building have made it possible for its laboratories to be much enlarged. With the additional space and apparatus thus provided, the equipment will be unusually complete in all departments of experimental engineering. WOOD-WORKING MACHINERY, MECHANICS BUILDING , The Machine Shop affords excellent facilities for mechanical practice. It has a floor area of about 4,000 square feet, and comprises the following : (i) a main machine room, fully equipped with metal-working machines and with bench and hand tools for various kinds of metal work ; (2) a carpentery and pattern room, containing an excellent assortment of carpentery tools and a full set of wood-working machines ; (3) a blacksmith and foundry room, containing appliances for forging and casting ; (4) a room for fine work, especially well supplied with fine machines and tools for delicate processes. Many of the smaller pieces of apparatus in the laboratories are from original designs and were constructed in this machine shop. > n O n n CD z o 1 86 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The laboratories for testing and experimentation have a floor area of fully 5,000 iqaare feet, and the covered court has an additional area of 6,300 square feet. With the increased facilities already provided they will be fully equipped for experiments in electrical engineering, thermodynamics and steam engineering, hydraulics and testing of materials. The entire east wing of the building has been set apart for the Electrical Labo- ratory. Beside the machine and electrical instruments now available, including, among others, three experimental dynamos, constructed in the machine shop, large additions are being made in accurate scien- tific and commercial apparatus. Dynamos and motors of different capacities, of the continuous-current type and of the single and polyphase alternating-current type, will be installed for experimentation and investigation. In connection with the photometric and other experiments requir- ing an unvarying potential, a storage batterer of large capacity may be used. The rooms are all supplied with solid masonry piers for the mounting of sensitive instruments. For experiments in thermodj'namics the steam engines and gas engines of the department are available, and an experi- mental engine of fifty horse-power, with its accessories. For the experiments in hydraulics there are available the water tanks, gauges, and meters, and various types of motors and turbines. There are also appliances for efficiency tests and determination of the resistance to rotating discs and cylin- ders in water. The Testing Room contains machines for tension, compression, and torsion of different capacities, and a wire-testing machine for experiments on cables and ropes. PORTICO, MECHANICS BUILDING (//) College oj AJiiies. The College of Aliues is designed for students who wish to become mining or metallurgical engineers, or to engage in one of the many pursuits connected with, the mining industry, such as the surveying and mapping of mines, the assajdng and working of ores. HAND AND MACHINE DRILLING, MINING DEPARTMENT 1 88 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA the designing and use of mining machinery, or the exploitation of mines. The requirements for graduation from this College, with the degree of Bachelor of Science, call for the completion of one hundred and twenty-five units, distributed as follows: Mathematics, i6 units ; Physics, i6 ; Chemistry, i6 ; Drawing, 6 ; Surveying and Strength of Materials, lo ; Mineralogy, 7; Geology and Petrography, 11; Metallurgy, 14; Mechanical Engineering, 11 ; Mining, 10; Elective, 3; Militarj' Science, 5 ; Physical Culture ; Thesis. MINING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING BUILDING The special instruction in Mining and Metallurgy is given in the Mining and Civil Engineering Building. This building Avas com- pleted in 1879, but it was several years before the Professor of Mining was able to secure the money for the construction of furnaces and laboratories. But this work has now been done with such thorough- ness and efficiency that there is no mining school in the world so well equipped for the needs of the California mining student. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 189 The following description will give an idea of the nature of this equipment : I. The Assaying Laboratory. — This is arranged to offer instruction, by the most improved methods, in the fire assays of gold, silver, lead, antimony, tin, iron, nickel, cobalt, and quicksilver ores and products. It occupies a suite of six rooms on the lower floor of the Mining Building. The crushing and sampling room con- tains a Taylor sample crusher, large iron mortars and grinding plates, a vanning sink with a full assortment of miners' pans, horns, bateas, and other devices for making vanning tests of ores ; a complete assortment of sieves, and a large sampling table. In this room the small-scale sampling is done, and the sample is prepared for assaying. ASSAYING LABORATORY, MINING DEPARTMENT From here the sample goes to the fluxing room. This is provided with Becker pulp scales and all the necessary fluxes. It also contains a Fairbank platform scale, graduated in pounds and kilogrammes. After fluxing, the sample goes to the furnace rooms. These contain four crucible and three muffle furnaces, built after an improved design, and arranged to burn either charcoal or coke ; also two large soft-coal muffle and crucible furnaces, like those used in Freiberg, Przibram, and Colorado. All the,se furnaces have been very carefully designed, and are built into the walls and iron clad in a substantial manner. Examples of the less perfect furnaces in common use are also provided, so that students may be made familiar with them. I go THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA From the furnace room the gold and silver buttons go next to the parting hoods, conveniently arranged with gas heaters, and the results are weighed in the balance room, provided with Becker assay balances. A convenient storeroom completes the assaying laboratory. II. Research Laborato)'}' . — This laboratory occupies a suite of four rooms of the same ground area and on the floor above. The largest of these contains two iron- clad crucible furnaces, with an air blast, in which cast iron may be easily melted ; two iron-clad muffle furnaces, a one horse-power Krom sample crusher, a set of automatic sizing sieves, a small amalgamating pan, a Taylor shaking frame, a Johnson filter press, a set of switchboards, volt and ammeters, connected with RESEARCH LABORATORY, MINING DEPARTMENT dynamo and battery rooms for all]kinds of electrolytic determinations, and exper- imental work in electro-metallurgy, both in the wet way and by fusion. An apparatus, specially designed for the purpose, is provided for demonstrating with exactness all the essential points in chlorination and leaching tests. This room is also fitted with horizontal and vertical shafting, so that power can be used in every part of it, and a ten horse-power transmitting dynamometer is provided for such tests as require it. A second room is fitted up for the humid or mint assay of silver bullion, and for general volumetric work, and is so arranged that it can be lighted with either THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 191 white, yellow, or red light, so that it can be utilized as a photographic dark room in preparing lantern slides to illustrate the lecture courses. A third room is fitted up for analytical and special research work, and con- tains a gas-heated distilled water and drying apparatus, a water-blast blowpipe, gas and gasoline muffle and crucible furnaces, a small Pelton water motor, and the usual appliances of an analytical laboratory. The fourth room contains eight of the finest Becker and Oertling analytical and assajr balances, and a small reference library. Beside the above, the laboratory is provided with a very complete equipment for measuring high temperatures, such as an air thermometer, a Fischer calorimeter- pj'rometer, and a Siemens electric-pyrometer ; also the Orsat, the Bunte, the Fischer apparatus for the analysis of furnace gases, and a Thomson calorimeter for determining the heating effect of fuels. III. Gold and Silver Mill. — This is contained in a separate building, specially designed for the purpose, with two floors, the lower one being of concrete. It is designed to illustrate, on a working scale, the processes in successful use in crush- ing, sampling, concentrating, and working gold and silver ores in the wet way. It contains a fifteen horse-power Westinghouse steam engine, a fifteen horse- power Eickemeyer shunt- wound dynamo capable of delivering a current of two hun- dred amperes at any point of the laboratories. At one end of the laboratory is a complete dry-crushing and sampling plant. The ore is elevated by the carload to the upper floor by means of a platform elevator. It is fed to a Dodge jaw crusher, which selects automatically, from the ore crushed, a sample which remains on the upper floor to be quartered down for assaying. The main lot pas.ses through the floor by automatic chutes, at will, either to a pair of Krom sixteen-inch steel rolls, or to a Sturtevant mill. After being crushed in either of these machines, the ore passes to a bucket elevator, which returns it to the top of the building and delivers it to a Krom revolving trommel, where it is classified into three sizes, and the coarse particles are returned to the machines for further reduction. The whole plant is connected with an exhaust fan and a set of dust chambers, so that the operation is conducted without inconvenience or loss from dusting. The wet-crushing plant consists of a three-stamp battery of five hundred pounds each, with a mortar specially designed for single or double discharge, so that it can be used if necessary for either wet or dry crushing of silver ores or as a deep mortar for gold ores. For gold ores a single high discharge is used, and the pulp passes over amalga- mated silver-plated copper plates and then over a Frue vanner. The latter is arranged so that it may be given either a side or end motion, as desired. An auto- matic sampler, also of special design, takes a sample of the pulp as it leaves the mortar, the plates and the concentrator simultaneously every three minutes, and a full control of the losses at every step is thus possible. The tailings are all impounded in a concrete settling tank, and are finally sampled in the usual manner as a check. Owing to a scarcity of water and to avoid losses in slimes, the clear water is returned by a centrifugal pump to the battery. GOLD AND SILVER MILL, MINING DEPARTMENT THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 193 For silver ores, the arrangement is such that the ore may be crushed either dry or wet ; and the pulp, either raw or roasted, may be treated either by amalgamation, for which four amalgamating pans and two arastras are provided, or it may be treated by leaching. In illustration of concentration, spitskastcn, spit-diiUcn jigs and vanners are provided. Students are afforded every opportunity to acquire practical familiarity with each detail of the best methods in use. For this purpose parcels of ore varying in amount from five hundred pounds to several tons are assigned to each member of the class. He is expected to take charge of the work, and, with the assistance of his fellow- students, to weigh, crush, sample and assay his lot of ore, to determine the best mode of treatment, and then to carry this plan into execution, determining the amount and nature of the losses at each step, and the best method of reducing them to a mini- mum. Thus each student in turn acts as workman and foreman in charge of work, and all acquire experience covering a wide range of methods. IV. Power, Repair Shops and Battery Room. — Power is provided for all large work by a twenty horse-power Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boiler. For light work a two horse-power petroleum-burning steam engine is provided. There are three shops for repairs and the construction of apparatus that is constantly being designed for making special tests. There are a forge room, a wood-working and steam-fitting shop, and a machine shop. The latter contains a screw-cutting lathe, a shaper, a drill press, and two dynamos of two horse-power each. One of these gives a current of fifteen amperes and one hundred volts, the other fifteen volts and one hundred amperes, and both are so arranged that any tension and quantity between these limits may be readily produced and maintained. Adjoining this room is the battery room, containing twenty- six Sorlet cells of one hundred and fifty ampere-hour capacity. This batter3' is used to run an electric lantern in the lecture room. Separate storage batter}' and gravity battery cells provide current for electrolytic work in the adjoining research laboratory. V. mining Laboratory. — This is supplied with sets of single and double hand drills, hammers and sledges, an Ingersoll Eclipse and a Rand rock drill, a supply' of drill steel, and a forge and all the appliances for sharpening, hardening, and temper- ing hand and machine drills. A supply of quarry blocks of sandstone and of Rocklin granite is also provided. Among the latter are the blocks used at the drilling contest on Miners' Day at the Midwinter Fair ; these are preserved as a record. Blasting and the effect of explosives are illustrated in term time by the work of the rock quarries and water tunnels at Berkeley, and in vacation by work in the mines. VI. Lecture Rooms and Mnseunis. — These are contained on the third and fourth floors of the mining building and are designed to give a complete illustration of the lectures by maps, drawings, plans, and by collections of models and products. The collection of lantern slides, already large and growing, is designed to illustrate the mining art as practiced in all parts of the world. By means of the storage battery and electric lantern, these illustrations can be used at any moment during a lecture by simply turning a switch. (Hi ) College of Civil Engineering. The tmdergradtiate cotirse in Civil Engineering, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science, is designed to prepare yottng men to fill satisfactorily the position of subordinates to experienced engineers, 194 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA or of scientific assistants to contractors or architects. It keeps espe- cially in view engineering work peculiar to tlie Pacific Coast. The course is laid out on broad enough lines to enable the graduate to STUDENTS' OBSERVATORY master readily any higher order of engineering work, and to read intelligently all discussions pertaining to any of its departments. It also embraces a department of Astronomy and Geodesy, which is designed to give training to students who wish to make Astronomy and Geodesy their profession. This instruction is followed by higher work at the Lick Observatory. There are three several branches to the course in Civil Engi- neering: (i) Railroad Engineering, (2) Sanitary Engineering, and (3) Astronomy and Geodesy. The curriculum for the first two years is the same for all of these, and comprises sixty-five units, distributed as follows : Mathematics, 19 units ; Physics, 16 ; Chemistry, 10 ; Drawing, 7 ; Surveying, 6 ; Mineralogy, 2 ; Military Science, 5 ; Physical Culture. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES '9? In the last two years, the curriculum separates into three alter- native branches, each branch containing thirty units, as follows : Railroad Engineering. — Mechanical Engineering, ii units: Civil Engineering, 25 ; Drawing, 8 ; Physics, 3 ; Astronomy, 3 ; Mathematics, Geology, and Metal- lurgy (any two), 4 ; Free electives, 6 ; Thesis. Sanitarj^ Engineering. — Mechanical Engineering, 11; Civil Engineering, 26; Geology, 3 ; Drawing, 1 1 ; Free electives, 9 ; Thesis. Astronomy and Geodesy. — Mathematics, 8; Mechanical Engineering, 12; Astronomy, 26 ; Geology, 6 ; Higher Surveying or Optics, 2 ; Free electives, 6. The Department of Civil Engineering has, from the date of its establishment, endeavored to make the course as eminently practical as it is possible for it to be in college work, and to familiarize the student with the use of field apparatus and the best methods of field CLASS IN PRACTICAL ASTRONOMY AND GEODESY engineers. With this object in view, the department is supplied with a large equipment of field instruments, devotes much of the time of the student to practical work, and has established a Summer School of Surveying. 196 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The new Civil Engineering laboratory is furnished with a set of apparatus, including an " Olsen " universal testing machine of 200,000 pounds capacity, arranged to make tests and original experiments upon the materials used in engineering construction. An elaborate series of tests has been commenced on the timbers and building stones of the Pacific Coast. The instruction in Astronomy is giv- en at the Students' Observatory. The Students' Ob- servatory. — The equip- ment of the observatory consists of the following instruments: A six-inch refractor equatorially mounted, with a com- plete outfit of eyepieces, filar micrometer, driv- ing clock, etc., a spec- troscope capable of being attached to the equatorial, a Davidson combination transit and zenith telescope of three inches aperture, an electro-chronograph, a Harkness spherom- eter, a level-trier, sex- tants, two sidereal chronometers, a Howard clock, and all the neces- sary electric connections for recording time and the determination of longitude by the tele- graphic method. The astronomical problems of Geodesy are extensively prac- ticed at the observatory, enabling civil engineering students to acquire facility in the determination of time, longitude and latitude, etc., as required in extended surveys, navigation, and practical astronomy. By special arrangement with Prof George Davidson, of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, students in the course in Astronomy and Geodesy will annually carry out a longitude campaign between Berkeley and San Francisco. SIX-INCH EQUATORIAL, STUDENTS' OBSERVATORY 198 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA A new and prominent feature of the observatory is the computing room, where the reductions of all observations of the observatory are carried out by the students themselves. The instruction at the observatory is so arranged as to furnish ample expe- rience in observing, computing, etc., to those having chosen astronomy or geodesy as a profession. The equatorial and the spectroscope furnish the means for prosecuting studies in solar physics and similar fields of investigation. One room in the observatory is provided with a set of meteorological instruments, and observations are regularly RECORDER'S OFFICE taken, recorded, and forwarded to the United States Signal Service office in Wash- ington, D. C. In a separate building, mounted on a masonry pier, are two seismographs having both time and electric connections, one of the Ewing and one of the Gray type, and two duplex seismographs. Visitors (not more than twelve) are received at the Students' Observatory on the first and third Monday of every month from 7:00 to io;oo o'clock p. m. Tickets of admission for such visits should be procured in advance, from the Recorder of the Faculties. These are good only for the night for which they are issued, but new ones may be procured as often as may be desired. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 199 IV. GRADUATE INSTRUCTION. Large opportunities have been opened in the last few years to students desiring advanced instruction. Many courses of purely gradu- ate work are given, and many others, while primarily for Seniors in the University, are equally adapted to the needs of those pursuing courses leading to higher degrees. Every facility and assistance is given SEMINARY ROOM OF JURISPRUDENCE for the prosecution of lines of original research and investigation. The Library, within its compass, is admirably adapted to the needs of advanced students. The laboratories are extensive and well-equipped. The regulations of the University provide that any person holding a first degree from any college or university entitled by law to con- fer degrees may be admitted upon presentation of a diploma as a graduate student. The grade of work, whether undergraduate or strictly graduate, to which such students are assigned, depends upon 200 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA the extent and character of their previous studies. No one is admitted to become a candidate for a higher degree in any subject in which he has not previously completed all of the work prerequisite for group elective in that subject. A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts, Master of Letters, or Master of Science, must have obtained the corresponding bach- elor's degree from the University of California or some other university PHILOSOPHICAL LECTURE ROOM or college of acknowledged good standing. His work is placed under charge of a committee of three from at least two departments to conduct his examinations and pass upon the original dissertation which he is to present. His course of study must cover a period of at least one year, and he must ordinarily be in residence at the University. A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy must be a graduate of this University or of some other university or college of THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 20I acknowledged good standing. He must pursue a course of study embracing one principal and two subsidiary subjects, and extending over a period of at least three years. He must ordinarily be in resi- dence at the University. He must write a thesis bearing upon the principal subject of his course, and must have a knowledge of Latin. A candidate for the professional degree of Mechanical Engineer must be a graduate of the College of Mechanics of this University, or MATHEMATICAL CLASS ROOM have done equivalent work, and he must pass a satisfactory examina- tion in the following stiidies : Thermodynamics, construction ot hydraulic motors and heat engines, dynamo-electric machinerj', machine construction, general machine design. He must also have engaged for at least one year in professional work in addition to the time spent in the graduate course; and he must present an acceptable original memoir on some professional subject. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after graduation. 202 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA To obtain the professional degree of Mining Engineer, tlie candi- date must be a graduate of the College of Mining of this University, or have done equivalent work. He must also pass a satisfactory UNIVERSITY PRINTING OFFICE examination in the following snbiects : Mining, ore-dressing, petrog- raphy, economic geology, thermodynamics (elements), drawing and construction of mining machinery, blowpipe assaying, and political economy. He must have had at least one year of actual practice in the field in the course chosen, and must show, by an original memoir upon some subject bearing upon this profession, his power to apply his knowledge to practice. This degree will not be given earlier than three years after graduation. A candidate for the degree of Metallurgical Engineer must pass an examination in the following subjects : Metallurgy, ore-dressing, assaying, and analysis, blowpipe assaying, thermodynamics (elements), drawing and construction of furnaces and metallurgical machinery, THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 203 and political economy. In all other respects the conditions are the same as those reqnired for the degree of Mining Engineer. To obtain the professional degree of Civil Engineer, the candi- date must be a graduate of the College of Civil Engineering of this University, or have done equivalent work. He must pass a satis- factory examination in the following subjects: Railway construction, principles of equipment and administration, railway tunnels, founda- tions in dry and wet soils or under water, principles of construction of walls, arches, domes, etc., standard authors upon river and harbor engineering, practical astronomy, drawing and designing of engi- neering structures, history (elective alternatively with English), political economy (elective alternatively with English). He must have practiced CLASS IN MINERALOGY his profession for not less than one year, and he must present an acceptable original memoir on some professional subject. This degree will not be given earlier then three years after graduation. 204 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA V. LABORATORIES. Beside the laboratories already described in conuectiou with the several Colleges, there remain to be spoken of, the physical, biological, mineralogical, and petrographical laboratories. The Physical Laboratory occupies the entire basement floor of the South Hall, which affords favorable conditions as regards stability and evenness of temperature. PHYSICAt LABORATORY There are set apart rooms for elementary and for advanced work, for photometry, for spectroscope work, for engine and dynamos, and for a workshop. The appa- ratus includes many instruments for fundamental measurements from makers of the best reputation, and the laboratory has secured the services of a competent mechan- ician in order to increase the equipment in this direction. It now offers good facilities to students who wish to pursue the study of physics beyond the limits of the prescribed course, whether in connection with special work, such as electrical engineering or crystallography, or for the sake of physics itself Such students may make special arrangements for using the laboratory. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 209 The Biological Laboratory occupies rooms in the Chemical Building. The equip- ments consist of all in- struments and re-agents necessary for carrying on work in general morphology, micro- scopical anatomy and embr^'olog)'. Special facilities will be offered to students who wish to push their studies be- yond the limits of the undergraduate courses. By special provi- sion of the Board of Regents, the work of the department may be transferred to the seaside during the DIAMOND SAW ANALYTICAL LABORATORY, DEPT OF MINERALOGY summer vacation, it being the purpose of the University to make use of the exceptional advantages offered bj' the California coast in this field. During the summer of 1S93 the laborator^r was at Avalon, on the island of Santa Catalina. The region is found to be peculiarly advantageous for marine biological studj'. The Miiicralogical Laboratorv is provided with a large collection of unlabeled minerals, which students determine by their physical properties and by blowpipe analysis. The de- partment possesses a large reflection goniometer and spectrometer, by Fuess of Berlin, reading direct to ten seconds, and a Groth's Universal Apparatus, 206 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA consisting of a polarization instrument for botli parallel and converging polarized light, an apparatus for determining the angle of optical axes, and a small goniom- eter and spectrometer ; also apparatus for cutting and grinding crystal sections. Special students of mineralogy will find ample facilities for investigation in optical mineralogy. The Petrographical Laboralory contains a large collection of unlabeled rocks, mainly macroclastic, and massive and schistoidal macrocrystalline, which the students determine by the processes with which they have become familiar in the elemen- tar}^ courses in mineralogy. For the preparation of thin rock sections the laboratory possesses all needful apparatus. Seven petrographical microscopes from Fuess of Berlin, fitted with all the appliances for petrographical investigations, are at the disposal of students. The material to be investigated is practically inexhaustible. LEUTZE'S WASHINGTON AT MONMOUTH, BACON ART GALLERY The Botanic Garden, of recent establishment, is beginning to be fairly stocked with the more interesting and instructive plants and shrubs native of California, beside many from the Atlantic slope of the continent and from foreign countries, and is proving a most important adjunct to the facilities for critical and advanced botanical study. A large conservatory is in process of construction. VI. THE LIBRARY AND THE ART GALLERY. The General Library, kept in the Bacon Art and Library Building, contains fifty-nine thousand volumes, and has been arranged with a view to making it especially valuable as a reference library. It receives a large number of periodical publications, literary, scientific, THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 207 and general, and is furnished with author and subject catalogues and full indexes. It is being constantly augmented by gift and purchase, especially from the income of the Reese Fund of fifty thousand dollars. The Gallery of Fine Arts, in the same building, contains three pieces of sculpture and seventy-one paintings, illustrative of the various periods and schools of art. All of these have been received as gifts from Henry D. Bacon, Mrs. Mark Hopkins, F. L. A. Pioche, Charles Mayne, R. D. Yelland, and others. They form a very interesting THE BACON ART AND LIBRARY BUILDING collection, which it is hoped will become, by the generosit37 of other citizens of the commonwealth, still more representative. In the Libraiy rooms are numerous portraits, etchings, bronzes ; and to the student the Library offers the use of a large number of books on aesthetics and the history of fine art, as well as such collec- tions of reproductions as the Louvre Gallery, Blanc's Peintres, Gallerie des Peintres, Mantz, Krell, etc. The fourteen hundred photographs of ancient and modern master- pieces of sculpture, presented by John S. Hittell, may be freely used in connection with the study of plastic art. A QUIET HOUR IN THE LIBRARY THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 2og Collections of modern paintings are on exhibition at the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art in San Francisco, regularly during the spring and autumn months and occasionally at other times. ARIADNE AND THE PANTHER, BACON ART GALLERY VII. THE MUSEUMS. The museums of the University, at Berkeley, are made up of materials obtained from many sources, chief among which maj- be 210 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA named the following: (i) The State Geological Survey, which contrib- uted not merely its extensive collections of minerals, of fossils, of marine and laud shells, but especially that series of skins of California birds which were the type specimens of the species described in its report on ornithology. This nucleus of the museum was subsequently enlarged by a set of Wardian casts made up of selected types of the larger fossils. (2) The Pioche collection of shells, fossils, minerals, and ores illustrative of Pacific Coast forms, though principally from South America. (3) The collection of D. O. Mills, con- taining a large series of Cali- fornia land shells and of native ores and rocks. (4) The col- lection of James R. Keene — a costly group of minerals. Recent additions have been numerous and valuable. The department of Ethnology contains many remarkable stone im- plements and skulls obtained from mounds and river gravels of the Pacific Coast, and presented to the Uni\'ersity by D. O. Mills ; wooden and stone implements and other art- icles, illustrating the manners and customs of the peoples of the Pacific islands, presented by the late F. L- A. Pioche ; a small but good collection Newcomb ; a fine collection of Indian series of excellent models of the cliff- HENRY D. BACON of Peruvian pottery, presented by Dr. W. utensils, presented by W. C. Chapin ; a dwellings of New Mexico and Arizona ; a collection of relics from Alaska and the Fiji Islands ; and a recent addition of nearly forty specimens of ancient Mexican pottery. The museum is frequently enriched by gifts from the graduates of the University. The botanical collections of the University contain the following : vSome thou- sands of species of Californian plants, including more than a hundred new types, the nucleus (about a thousand species) contributed by the State Geological Survey', but the greater part collected during the past six y-ears by instructors and by c z < 212 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA advanced and graduate students ; a representation of native woods, cones, and tree photographs, presented by C. D. Voy ; several hundreds of choice specimens from the southern part of the State, by S. B. Parish and others ; an herbarium of the grasses of the United States ; an excellent representation of the flora and silva of the Southern Atlantic States ; a thousand species from Oregon, Washington, and northern Idaho, by gift or purchase from the resident collectors, J. B. Leiberg and others. Through exchange with the government botanist at Melbourne, Baron von Mueller, has been acquired a fine representation of the Australian flora, and this is supplemented by a set of several hundred Australian plants, presented by the late Henry Edwards. ZOOLOGICAL MUSEUM The very extensive herbarium of Professor Greene, illustrating the flora ot almost the entire territory of the United States, including about twelve hundred Mexican and Central American, and as many South American, plants, beside many European species, is deposited in the botanical rooms for use and reference, as are also the considerable collections of Professor Hilgard. The cryptogramic side of the herbarium has of late been especially developed, and already contains about four thousand specimens of ferns, mosses, hepatics, marine algse, fungi, etc. In Zoology there is a good collection of mammals, birds, reptiles, fishes, molUrsks, and radiates — mostly belonging to the Pacific Coast fauna. To these has recently THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 213 been added an excellent type collection of shells, and a carefully selected collection of mounted vertebrate skeletons. The Curator is forming a collection of lepidoptera ; and in the College of Agriculture there is a collection of beetles, made by E. Rick- secker, and purchased for the University by J. M. McDonald, M. Cooke, and Cutler Paige, containing over two thousand species, well determined and easily accessible to study. Among the recent additions there are an osteological collection representing types of mammals, birds, reptiles and batrachians, a collection of 2,300 species of shells, two specimens of the mountain goat, and a collection of Arctic birds, these last the gift of Mr. John H. Turner of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. ETHNOLOGICAL MUSEUM In Paleontology we find a full suite of the fossils of California, both zoological and botanical, collected by the State Geological Survey, and the large collection presented by D. O. Mills. Most of these have been figured and described : the animals in the volumes of the Geological Reports, by J. D. Whitney ; the plants by Leo Lesquereux, in the Memoirs of the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. A recent addition consists of a very complete collection of fossils representing the whole geological history of the earth. As a working collection it has few superiors in the country. There is also a magnificent collection of crinoids from the celebrated locality near Crawfordsville, Ind. A good collection of casts represents the most remarkable extinct forms. 214 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA In Structural Geology there is a number of fine models of the most interesting geological regions, chiefly of the United States, and embodying the results of the researches of the United States Geological Survey, but partly of other countries. And HORSE EXERCISE in Economic Geology we find sets of specimens from numerous mines on the Pacific Coast— gold, silver, copper, quicksilver, iron, and coal— showing for each mine the ore minerals, vein stones, wall rocks, and other important features. PARALLEL BARS The department of Mineralogy has a very large collection, fully arranged and supplied with ample case room. It completely illustrates the instruction in mineralogy and offers inexhaustible material for investigation, facilities for which are freely placed THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES ;K at the disposal of fhe student. There is also a collection of glass and wooden crystal models, the former illustrating fully the relations of holohedral, hemihedral and tetartohedral forms. The Petrographical collection contains many hundred rock specimens from the Eastern States and the Territories, from England and the European Continent, and a very large number of Californian rocks, collected by the corps of the State Geological Survey and by C. D. Voy. The collection of rock sections for microscopic study contains nearly three thousand slides, numbered to correspond with the hand speci- mens from which the slides were prepared. The Californian rocks are being determined and placed in the collection. The collection is arranged systematically, with geogra- phical sub-arrangement under each rock type. Vlll. PHYSICAL CULTURE. A Gyraiiasiuni had been erected in the University grounds in 1879 through the liberality of A. K. P. Harmon, Esq. For lack of regulated instruction, how- ever, it did not contribute i^^S i I i i "I i i 'i i '] 1 1 'frmiHillffiiB^ much to the physical develop- ^^B I IM1 ■ M III III 'lilllllllP iiient of the sttidents until the ^^H (ii 1 II |i i mllilllll lllliiill organization by the Regents, in 1SS8, of a department of Physical Culture. At that time a phj^sician was appoint- ed as Director of Physical Ctilture, who makes a s^'stem- atic and thorough medical examination of everj- male student entering the Univer- sity. And an Instructor in Physical Ctilture was also elected, who bj^ his high accomplishments in his pro- fession has introduced great efirciencjf in this side of the University work. It is only proper to mention, also, that for several years Dr. William F. Southard gave his valuable services, gratuitously, in the DEVELOPING APPLIANCES 2l6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA examination of the students' eyes. For the women students a woman physician is appointed to make measurements and medical examinations. SETTING-UP EXERCISE The object of physical culture as taught in the University is not to train athletes, acrobats, and phenomenally strong men, but to BAR-BELL EXERCISE produce and maintain the highest and most rounded development of the body. For this purpose, instruction is either by class or by the individual. A detailed system of measurements is carried out for every THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 217 student, as well as a complete record made of the history of his physical condition. The training which he shall receive is based on these data. The most important appliances in the Harmon Gymnasium are the following: Chest, or pulley, weights, adjustable to all physical conditions, and promotive of the development of all parts of the body; treading, or leg, machine, for legs, thighs, and loins ; traveling parallels, for muscles of upper back, shoulders, and arms ; the quarter circle, for the chest, and curved spine ; wrist rolls, for developing the forearm ; sculling machine ; neck machine ; giant pulley, for the muscles of the pelvic region ; finger machine ; chest expanders ; eccentrics, for the inner arm and chest; incline planes; rowing machines; parallel bars; horizontal bars ; vaulting horses. The following statistical table will show the results which the department of Physical Culture has to present in respect to the development of the students' bodies : Average of 15,000 students at Yale, Amherst and Cornell. Weight, in kilos 61.2 Height, in M. M 1725 Girths : Neck 349 Chest — repose 880 Chest — full 927 Right thigh 517 Left thigh 512 Right calf 359 Left calf 349 Right upper arm 295 Left upper arm 291 Right forearm 267 Left forearm 261 Strengths : Back 137 Legs 166 Upper arm 92 Forearm 40 Lung capacity 1 3.7 Average Average on after two entering; years' Average University instruction, of University Increase. California. of California. 58.3 63.2 4.9 1724 1734 ID 336 355 19 830 88 1 51 882 932 50 491 519 28 489 521 31 340 352 12 335 349 14 291 314 23 285 306 21 261 271 10 256 269 13 115 148 33 145 223 78 So 141 61 40 46 6 3-8 4-3 •5 CHAPTER VIIL THE COLLEGE OF THE FINE ARTS. THE MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART. THE INCEPTION of art cultivation in California was a meeting of a small company of gentlemen, on March 21, 1S71, in the home of Mr. J. B. Wandesforde, San Francisco. Messrs. Benjamin P. Avery, S. M. Brookes, Noah Brooks, J. B. Wandesforde, W. E. Marple, Edward Bosqui, S. W. Shaw, Frederick VVhymper, and J. G. Denny, were present. These gentlemen met again on March 28 and perma- nently organized themselves into the San Francisco Art Association, electing Mr. Wandesforde, President ; Mr. S. M Brookes, Vice-President ; Mr. Whyinper, Secretary; and Mr. Bosqui, Treasurer. Semi-annual exhibitions of foreign and local works of art were begun. They leased rooms, at first at 313 Pine Street, and later, in conjunction with the Bohemian Club, at 430 Pine Street. They remained at the latter place until their removal to the Hopkins mansion. At the second annual election William Alvord, Esq., was chosen President, and was reelected for three consecutive years. Under his administration great advance was made. The membership increased to over seven hundred. The French Government, in recognition of the money subscribed by the citizens of San Francisco for the relief of the wounded in the Franco-Prussian war, gave the Association a fine collection of casts of the most celebrated antiques. The subsequent Presidents have been: J. C. Duncan, Esq., 1S76-78; Irving M. Scott, Esq., 1878-81 ; Daniel Cook, Esq., 1881 82 ; Col. A. G. Hawes, 1882-84 ; Gen. W. H. L- Barnes, 1S84-S5 ; Hon. George C. Perkins, 1885-86; J. B. F. Davis, Esq., 1886-87; Joseph D. Redding, Esq., THE MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART 19 18S7-S9; L. L,. Baker, Esq., 1S89-90; D. P. Belknap, Esq., 1S90-91 ; Frederick W. Zeile, Esq., 1891-94; James D. Phelan, Esq., 1S94-. J. Ross Martin, Esq., a native of Louisiana, was appointed Assistant Secretary in June, 1S71, and has continued in active service ever since. A school of art was from the first planned, and on December 29, 1872, was organized under the title of the California School of Design. Virgil Williams was chosen its first Director. Mr. Williams was an MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA artist of rare ability and culture. He had passed the years from 1852 to 1S62 in Rome, studying in the best academies. Until his death, in December, 1SS6, he was the life of the School of Design. In 1884 W. E. Rollins, a native of California, and a graduate of the school, was appointed assistant teacher. After the death of Mr. Williams, Ernest Narjot, who was educated at the Beaux Arts in Paris, was appointed as temporary Director, and, on May i, 1887, Emil 220 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Carlsen, as Director. Mr. Carlsen, a native of Denmark, had studied in Copenhagen and in Paris under Vallon. He resigned his position in 1889. Amedee Joullin, a native of San Francisco, and a graduate of the School of Design, was appointed assistant teacher during Mr. Carlsen's directorship. He had studied under Bouguereau and Robert Fleury at the Julien Academy in Paris, and in one of the government schools. R. D. Yelland, a pupil of the Academy of Design in New York, and of Olivier Merson in Paris, succeeded Mr. Carlsen. In 1891, however, the position of director was abolished, and the plan of the New York League and other modern art schools, — the teaching of classes by specialists, — was adopted. Arthur F. Mathews, Oscar Kunath, and Leo Lash were added to the reorganized Faculty. Mr. Mathews was a native of Wisconsin, but had resided in San Francisco since 1S66. He studied in Paris under Boulanger and Lefebre at the Julien Academy. Mr. Kunath, a native of Dresden, studied first in that city under Hiibner. He came to this country in i860, and, returning to Europe in 1874, studied under the best masters in Munich. Mr. Lash, a native of San Francisco, studied in Paris at the Julien Academy, and under Benjamin Constant. Resigning, he was succeeded by John A. Stanton, a native of California, a graduate of the School of Design, and a pupil of Jean Paul Laurens of Paris. On October i, 1894, a class in modeling was established, and Douglas Tilden was elected to the position of instructor. Mr. Tilden is a graduate of the California Deaf and Dumb Institute at Berkeley, a former student of the Academic Colleges of the University of Cali- fornia and of the School of Design, and a pupil in Paris of Choppin. The following names of some of the students who have achieved distinction in their profession afford the best comment on the character and work of the School of Design: Alexander Hamilton, Miss Matilda Lotz, Henry Raschen, Theodore Wores, Jules Pages, Ernest Peixotto, Amedee Joullin, John A. Stanton, Douglas Tilden, Mrs. Albertine Randall Wheelan, L. P. Latimer, Miss Maren Froelich, Mrs. M. C. THE GALLERY, MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART 222 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Richardson, Miss Julia He3aieman, Miss Alice B. Chittenden, Miss Eva McCormick, Guy Rose, Fred Pape, Miss Elizabeth Strong, Mrs. G. Carpenter Hudson, C. S- Newell, Christopher Jorgensen, Charles J. Carlson, and Carlos Hittell. In 1892 Edward F. Searles, Esq., of Methuen, Mass., declared his intention of devoting to purposes of art the mansion and lands on the crest of California Street, San Francisco, which had become his property through the death of his wife, the widow of the late Mark Hopkins. Now Mr. Searles, in his desire to do a great and lasting service for the artistic culture of California, on the one hand appre- ciatii:g the long and devoted work of the Art Association and of the School of Design in the cause of art, and on the other hand recognizing the wisdom of committing important educational trusts to the University of the State, liappily bethought him of a plan to combine the two interests for the consummation of his project. In the early months of 1S93, accordingl}^, the necessary negoti- ations were completed, and on February 27 a deed was signed bj' Mr. Searles, conveying the property to the Regents of the University on conditions, of which the three following are the essential ones : " First — For the exclusive uses and purposes of instruction in and illustration of the Fine Arts, Music, and Literature, or any of them, iucluding the maintenance of galleries, reading roouis, and other suitable means of such instruction and illustration. " Second — The property shall be forever known and designated as 'The Mark Hopkins Institute of Art.' " 77/ /;■(•/ — (Providing for the inalienability of the property and for its reversion iu case of any violation of the trust.)" x\s a part of the same proceedings articles of affiliation were agreed upon, in accordance with Sections 1391 and 1396 of the Political Code, between the San Francisco Art Association and the University of California. The Art Association retained its own organization. Board of Trustees, and Faculty of the School of Design, and the Regents of the University received power to grant to the students of the school such certificates of proficiency as they might deem appropriate. THE MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART 22^ And lastly a tripartite agreement was entered into between the University, the Art Association, and Mr. vSearles, by which the use of the buildings and premises was given to the Art Association, with the duty of maintaining the same, tlie donor agreeing to pay for the term of five years the annual sum of five thousand dollars. The building, now known as the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, was intended as the family residence of the late Mark Hopkins. The lot occupies the western half of the block bounded by California, Mason, Pine and Powell streets, having dimen- sions of 206 by 275 feet. The house was designed to conform to the lines of the domestic type of English Gothic revival, and was the first radical departure, in California, from the Italian renaissance theretofore in vogue. The chief motive of the designers seems to have been to take advantage of the exceptional site and command all the possibilities of the superb view. The whole interior of the house is finished in fine -"^'^^^^ ^ ™^^^^ woods, often elaboratel}^ carved, and is decorated and embellished with the greatest detail. The principal picture gallery is in the Great Hall, which is lighted by a skylight and has a large expanse of wall space. All of the chief rooms of both ground and second floor open directly into this hall, or the corridor surrounding it, on the second floor, giving, with the main stairway', which has a half landing opening into a large octagonal conservatory, a fine perspective 224 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA or vista from all points. It is this arrangement of surrounding apartments en suite of the principal floor that makes the structure eminently adapted to the purpose intended by its generous donor. The School of Design in this new home offers excellent facilities for the study and practice of graphic art. It has a large and fine collection of casts and other material. It has a Faculty of six instructors, and offers nine courses of instruction : Arthur Frank Mathews, the antique class, life classes and lec- tures on anatomy ; Amedee Joullin, painting class: still life and figure; Oscar Kunath, portrait class; John A. Stanton, Saturday class : preparatory antique ; Raymond D. Yelland, landscape class : lectures on perspective, composition, light, and shade ; Douglas Tilden, modeling class: modeling from life, the antique, and ornament. The following prizes are awarded at the end of each school year: Avery Gold Medal, for oil painting, — a prize for excellence and progress; W. E. Brown Gold Medal, for drawing, — a prize for a study from life; Alvord Gold Medal, for drawing, — a prize for a study from the antique. CHAPTER IX. THE ASTRONOMICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY. W THE LICK OBSERVATORY. HEN JUPITER revealed its fifth moon through the great tele- scope to Barnard's eye, it vindicated the desire of James Lick to be the founder of a powerful astronomical instrument. This discovery, however, is only the most conspicuous of the man^? contributions which the Lick Observatory has rendered to celestial science. The Observatory organized expeditions for the observation of the solar eclipses of January' and December, 1S89, and April, 1S93, each fruitful of scientific results. It laid out an work with the meridian cessfully carried through, use of photography in star-clusters, nebulae, the It has made remarkable It has won the leading of comets and of double James Lick was born extensive programme of circle, which is being suc- It has made distinguished the study of the planets, moon, and the Milky Way. spectroscopic observations, place for its discovery stars, in Fredericksburg, Penn., died m ban l^rancisco, August 25, 1796, and james lick October i, 1876. His body lies in the base of the pier of the great Equatorial. He learned and practiced the trade of organ and piano making in Hanover, Penn., and in Baltimore, Md. In 1S20 he was in business in Philadelphia. From there he went to Buenos Ayres, making and selling pianos, and spent a number of years in South America. In 1847 ^^^ arrived in San Francisco. He passed the remainder of his life in California. He engaged in successful business enterprises, and made advantageous invest- 226 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ments in landed property. He accumulated a fortune of some three million dollars. Dying, he left an immortal memory of himself in exalted and useful benefactions. His whole property was devoted to public uses. His deed of trust directed the Board of Lick Trustees to expend : For a monument in San Francisco to Francis Scott Key, author of the " Star Spangled Banner," the sum of $60,000 ; For statuary, emblematic of three significant epochs in the history of the State of California, to be placed in front of the San Francisco City Hall, $100,000; For a Home for Old Ladies in San Francisco, $100,000 ; For Free Baths in San Francisco, $150,000; For a California Institute of Mechanical Arts,— a manual training- school for the boys and girls of San Francisco,— $540,000 ; For the Lick Observatory, to contain the most powerful telescope in the world, $700,000. In addition to these he made many other important bequests, — to the Society of California Pioneers, to the California Academy of Sciences, and to other beneficiaries. Mr. Lick had as early as 1873 begun definitely to consider the plan of erecting an Observatory. Through conversations with Professor George Davidson the project was developed and directed along scientific lines. A trust deed was made in July, 1874, looking to the erection of the Observatory on the shores of Lake Tahoe. But in 1875 Mount Hamilton, in Santa Clara County, was selected as the site. A new deed of trust was made, in which the exact provisions concerning the Observatory were as follows : "To expend the sum of seven hundred thousand dollars ($700,000) for the purpose of purchasing land, and constructing and putting up on such land as shall be designated by the party of the first part, a powerful telescope, superior to and more powerful than any telescope yet made, with all the machinery appertaining thereto and appropriately connected therewith, or that is necessary and convenient to the most powerful telescope now in use, or suited to one more powerful than any yet con- structed, and also a suitable observatory connected therewith. The parties of the second part hereto, and their successors, shall, as soon as said telescope and observa- tory are constructed, convey the land whereupon the same may be situated, and the .' /•JSS' ■&-^' t " ■ V rj— ',4 ' ' ":■ -itM 225 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA telescope and the observatory and all the machinery and apparatus connected there- with, to the corporation known as the Regents of the University of California ; and if, after the construction of said telescope and observatory, there shall remain of said seven hundred thousand dollars in gold coin any surplus, the said parties of the second part shall turn over such surplus to said corporation, to be invested by it in bonds of the United States, or of the city and county of San Francisco, or other good and safe interest-bearing bonds, and the income thereof shall be devoted to the maintenance of said telescope and observatory, and shall be made useful in promoting science ; and the said telescope and observatory are to be known as the Lick Astronomical Department of the University of California." THE OBSERVATORY FROM THE NORTHEAST Land for the site (1,350 acres) was granted by Act of Congress, June 7, 1876. One hundred and forty-nine acres additional were purchased by Mr. Lick, ai:d a tract of forty acres was added by gift of R. F. Morrow, Esq., in 1886. The Legislature of California in 1888 made an additional grant of 320 acres, and Congress, in 1892, gave an additional tract of 680 acres, making the total area of the reservation about 2,581 acres. A road to the summit of Mount Hamilton (4,209 feet above the sea), was built by Santa Clara County, at a cost of about $78,000, in the year 1876. Under the provisions of the trust deed, a Board of Trustees, composed of Messrs. R. S. Floyd, William Shermau, E. B. Mastick, THE LICK OBSERVATORY 229 Ciiarles M. Plum, and George Schonewald, built the Observatory and transferred it to the Regents of the University on June i, 1888. The whole cost of the establishment was $610,000 (the instruments costing $111,906.38), and $90,000 is invested as an endowment. The Observatory consists of a Main Building, containing compnt- ing rooms, library (of 3,000 books and 3,000 pamphlets), and the domes of the 36-inch Equatorial and the 12-iuch Equatorial ; and Detached Buildings to shelter the Meridian Circle, the Transit, the Horizontal Photo-Heliograph, the Portable Equatorial, and the Crocker Photo- graphic Telescope. On the grounds are dwelling houses for the astronomers, students, and employes, and shops for the workmen. The Observatory is fully provided with instruments, the most important of which are the following : 36-inch equatorial ; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons, mounting by Warner & Swasey. This instrument has also a photographic corrector of 33 inches, figured by Alvan G. Clark. 12-inch equatorial; by Alvan Clark &. Sons. 6 1/^ -inch equatorial ; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons, mounting by Warner & Swasey. 65^-inch meridian circle; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons, mounting by Repsold. 4-inch transit; objective by Alvan Clark & Sons, mounting by Fauth & Co. 4-inch comet seeker; by Alvan Clark & Sons. 5-inch horizontal photo-heliograph ; by Alvan Clark & Sons. Crocker Photographic telescope; objective by Willard, refigured by J. A. Brashear, who provided the mounting also. There are, beside, many minor pieces of astronomical, physical, meteorological, and pho- tographic apparatus, including spectroscopes, seismometers, photometers, micrometers, clocks, chronographs, etc. The instrumental equipment of the Observatory is of the highest excellence, and it is practically complete with one exception. From the beginning it was contemplated to supplement the great refracting telescope by a large reflector. This part of the original plan has The great eouatorial THE LICK OBSERVATORY 231 not yet beeu carried out, but the experience of the Observatory has demonstrated the need of such an instrument, and it is very impor- tant that this addition should be made. When it is made, two great telescopes — a refractor and a reflector — will give to the Observatory the most powerful instrumental equipment in the world. EYB-PIECE OF THE GREAT EOUATORIAI, From 1888 to 1893 the 36-inch refractor of the Lick Observatory was the largest in the world. In 1S94 a 40-inch telescope was com- pleted for the University of Chicago. The interest on $90,000 is entirely insufficient for the support of the Observatory, and the deficiency is made up by annual appropria- tions from the University income. While these appropriations are as ^y- THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA large as can be properly made, they are still far less than actual wants. The Lick Observatory is one of the best equipped institu- tions in the world, but its annual income is much less than that of any other establishment of the first class. For the purchase of special instruments and apparatus, and for the expenses of expeditions sent to foreign countries for the purpose of observing total solar THE MERIDIAN CIRCLE eclipses, the Observatory has had to depend on the gifts of friends. Among them should be named: Miss C. B. Bruce of New York City; Hon. D. O. Mills of New York City; Hon. C. F. Crocker of San Francisco ; Edison General Electric Company of New York City ; Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst of San Francisco ; W. W. Law of New York City; Dr. S. P. Langley, Smithsonian Institution, Washington; Dr. THE LICK OBSERVATORY 233 T. C. Mendenhall, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington; the trustees of the Thompson fund, A. A. A. S. Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst, who has eased the pathway of many young women in the Academic Colleges, has contributed a fund for the advancement of science at the Lick Observatory. A portion of this fund may be set aside for the purpose of defraying a part of the expenses of such advanced students as may be appointed to be Hearst Fellows in Astronomy by the Board of Regents on the recommendation of the President of the University and of the Director of the Observatory. Such rec- ommendations are not made except of students who have already made decided progress in their work ; and, as a rule, candidates for the higher degrees of the University are preferred. The Lick Observatory stands as a graduate department of astronomy of the University. All undergraduate instruction ^«^ earthquakb recorder is given at Berkeley, and the courses there are so arranged as to lead directly to the higher work at Mount Hamilton. Students at the Lick Observatory may be either candidates for one of the higher degrees of the University, or special students. The higher degrees offered are Master of Arts, Master of Scieuce, and Doctor of Philosophy. When the Observatory was transferred in 1888 to the Regents of the University, Edward Singleton Holden was placed in charge with the title of Director. Professor Holden was born in St. Louis, November 5, 1846. He was graduated at Washington University, St. Louis, in 1866, and at the United States Military? Academy, West Point, in 1870. He served in the Engineer Corps of the Army until 1873, when he was appointed astronomer in the United States Naval Observatory, Washington, which position he retained until 1881. In 234 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 187S he was in charge of the Government Eclipse Expedition to Central City, Colorado; in 1S83, of that to the South Pacific Ocean ; and in 18S4 he had charge of the Division of Meteorology of the Northern Transcontinental Survey. In 1S81 he was appointed Director of the new Washburn Observatory, at Madison, Wis- consin, a position which he held until he came to California in 1885 to accept an appointment as President of the Universit}? and Director of the Lick Obser- vatory. Among the eminent astrono- mers of the world whom the Lick Trustees con- sulted during the building of the Observator}' are especially to be mentioned EDWARD s. HOLDEN Profcssor Siuiou Newcomb, of the National Observatory, Washington, and Professor Holden. From 1876 Professor Holden was the scientific adviser of the Trustees, visiting Mount Hamilton in 1881 and several times subsequently. His work at the Lick Observatory, especially in the THE LICK OBSERVATORY 23^ matter of photographs of the planets and of the moon, has been of great value to astronomical science. I^UNAR LANDSCAPE Drawn by Professnr L. Wciiick from the nej^ative taken at tile Li^k Olt^crvatMry, Au^,'. 23, iSyy Professor Holden is a member, fellow, or associate of the leading astronomical societies of the world. The degree of LL. D. was con- 236 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ferred on him in 1886 by the University of Wisconsin, and in li by Columbia College. In 1894, for services in science, he received the cross of Commander of the Ernestine House of Saxony. This order was founded in 1690, and its cross is bestowed for distinguished services on persons in high official positions, either military or civil. At present there are but eighteen Commanders of this class in Germany. The first appointments to the staff of astronomers were of James E. Keeler, now Director of the Observatory at Alleghany, Pennsyl- vania, S. W. Burnham, E. E. Barnard, and J. M. Schaeberle. Professor Keeler, while connected with the Lick Observatory, made some remarkable spectroscopic observations, by which he established, for the first time, the motions of nebulae in the line of sight. He was in charge of the first solar eclipse expedition, that of January i, 1889, whose station of observation was at Bartlett Springs, in Lake County. The results of the observations of this eclipse, which tend to establish a theory of the formation of the corona, are, in summary: (i) The corona is mainly due to light reflected in particles existing in space around the sun ; (2) The rifts, streamers, and other coronal forms are owing to unequal and irregular distribution of this matter, and to unequal illumination by the sun ; (3) Superposed upon the corona, and blended with it, is a more or less uniform ring of light, caused by diffraction ; (4) The sun is not surrounded by a gaseous atmosphere of great depth, that is to say, of a depth which bears a considerable ratio to the solar diameter. S. W. Burnham, born in Vermont about 1840, adopted the vocation of stenographer, and it was not until about 1870 that his mind was turned to the study of astronomy. At that time he procured a six-inch Clark telescope, and his keen eye immediately began the detection of double stars. In 1873 he published three catalogues, the first of eighty-one double stars, the second of twenty-five, and the third of seventy-six. Very little was being done in this line of discovery when Professor Burnham began his special astronomical work. In his third catalogue he began to impose restrictions on his THE LICK OBSERVATORY 237 observations, rejecting distances exceeding 5" and faint pairs below the ninth magnitude when not connected with a brighter star. He weeded out, instead of cataloguing, unimportant pairs. The third catalogue also began a series of double stars peculiar to his catalogues, namely, naked-eye stars with faint companions. The more difficult of these have been discovered with the thirty-six-inch Lick refractor. Professor Burnham's first connection with the Lick Observatory was in 1879. He then spent several months, on the recommendation of Professor Newconib, on Mount Hamilton, in order to make a report on the atmospheric and other conditions of the locality. In 1881 he again visited the mountain in company with Professor Holden to observe the transit of Mercury. He resigned his post as Astronomer of the Lick Observatory in 1894, and is now Professor of Practical Astronomy in the University of Chicago. The Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society was awarded to Professor Burnham in 1894 for his discovery and measurement of double stars. The President of that Society, in the course of his address in making the award, said : " The catalogues of the double stars and of orbits calculated bj' Burnham are a formidable work to have been accomplished by anj^ one man. * * * The line of work that he laid himself out to accomplish he has successfully carried through. It is not of that showy or dramatic order which attracts universal attention or gives occasion for newspaper paragraphs. It is, however, as arduous as it is unpretending, and when more than twenty years have been devoted to it, and when the success which has attended it has been so remarkable, it does honor to the Society to recognize the high estimation in which it holds this work by awarding to its author the greatest distinction it can confer." Edward Emerson Barnard was born in Nashville, Tennessee, December 16, 1857. He had only such education as a child as his mother could give him at home. At the close of the war he was left fatherless and destitute. He immediately, at this youthful age, began to work in a photographic studio in Nashville, where he remained until 1883. "Handicapped by severest distress and poverty from the first," as Professor Burnham says, " he has fought the battle of life alone, and is in the supremest sense of the word a self-made man." 238 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA His first interest in optical and astronomical matters was shown in the photographic gallery. In 1876 it happened that he had an opportunity of reading an old book, Dr. Thomas Dick's Practical Astronomer. This aroused in him an insatiable desire for astronom- ical knowledge, and he constructed for himself a telescope out of the object lens of a common spy-glass, mounted on a paper tube. A year later, with the strictest economy, he was able to purchase a telescope of five inches aperture, prop- erly equipped. In the same year he met, in Nashville, Professor Newcomb, who gave him suggestions and encouragement. In 1 88 1 Professor Bar- nard began to search for comets with his five-inch tel- escope, and by 1887 he had discovered nine new comets. In 1 883 he received a fellow- ship in astronomy in Vander- bilt University, where he was graduated from the school of mathematics in 1887. He had been placed in charge of the Observatory, and thus had the use of a six-inch equatorial. He became known while there as the leading observer of comets, and by his later discoveries stands now at the head of all living astronomers in this line of work. In 188S he came to Mount Hamilton, and, with the 36-inch telescope and other instruments, continued to add to the lustre of his observations. Beside comet discoveries, he has done remarkable work iu celestial photography, being the first to photograph the Milky EDWARD E. BARNARD PHOTOGRAPH OF THE MILKY WAY, Bv E. E. Barnard 240 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Way and to discover a new comet by means of photography; and in the observation of asteroids, nebulae, double stars, planets, the moon, sun- spots, meteors, occultations, eclipses, etc. He is the only astronomer who has witnessed an eclipse of lapetus, the eighth satellite of Saturn ; one of a few who has observed the " Gegenschein ; " and he has shown his " remarkable skill as an observer and his ability to detect and interpret unsuspected phenomena " in many other directions. The first systematic work which Professor Barnard did, while at Nashville, was a careful study of Jupiter, and his crowning work at the Lick Observatory has been the discovery of that planet's fifth moon. This was discovered on September 9, 1S92. It shines with the light of a thirteenth-magnitude star, is perhaps less than one hundred miles in diameter, makes its revolution in less than twelve hours, and is distant from ^^^mm^^^^M'^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ center of Jupiter 112,500 ^^^^r^^^^^B : ^^T"^ /^W miles. The four satellites discov- ^i^ij^^*^ ^ 1 m '4^^f^ * ■ ^^^^ ^^ Galileo in 1 610 vary |'*\^'^ Ij 1 "^v^** 1 from 2,100 to 3,500 miles in ^^ ^k ^k .^k diameter, re- volve around ^^^^^^^^flft^^^^^^^^^^^H the planet in times varying i8go,A„g.,ij,i., uh., 15m., p.s.T. isu^. a,,?., n.i., m,., ism.p.s.T. from one and three - fourths sketches of mars, showing can.^ls days to nearly seventeen days, and their distances from Jupiter are from 260,000 to 1,162,000 miles. "How much more interesting the new satellite is will be obvious from these comparisons. It will always be beyond the reach of all but the largest telescopes, and can then be seen only when near its maximum distance from the primary. * * * It is hardly necessary to say," continues Professor Burnham, " that this is one of the most important astronomical discoveries of modern times. The most powerful telescopes and the most skilled observers have been given to the study of this planet, and, while the investigation of the surface has revealed new details, no one seems to have hoped to add any new moons to the four discovered by Galileo when he first turned his rude instrument on the planet nearly three hundred years ago." THE LICK OBSERVATORY 241 In 1893 the degree of Doctor of Science was conferred on Professor Barnard by the Vanderbilt University, and the French Academy of Sciences has twice given him its highest recognition for his astronomical discoveries : in 1893 by the award of the Lalande Gold Medal, and in 1894 by the award of the Arago Gold Medal, valued at one thousand francs, for the discovery of the fifth satellite of Jupiter. John Martin Schaeberle, born in Germany, January 10, 1853, was graduated at the University of Michigan in 1876 with the degree of Civil Bngineer. He was Acting Assistant Professor of Astronomy in the Observa- tory of his alma mater, and declined many calls else- where, until he accepted the appointment of astronomer in the Lick Observatory in 1888. He is thoroughly trained in all the depart- ments of his science. He has discovered two comets, made long series of meridian- circle observations, and very ^'-'^^ '^' schaeberle extensive calculations concerning asteroid and comet orbits, and done a great deal in physical and mathematical astronom3^ A valuable scien- tific memoir by Professor Schaeberle is his " Terrestrial Atmospheric Absorption of the Photographic Rays of Light." His most important work, and one of the highest interest and significance in astronomical science, is his theory of the solar corona, based chiefly upon his obser- vations of the eclipses of December 21, 1S89, and April 16, 1893. The former of these eclipses was visible in French Guiana, and, through 242 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA means generously supplied by Regent Charles F. Crocker, it was observed by Professors Burnham and Schaeberle. The only instruments used in the Crocker expedition were photographic. While the weather was unfavorable, excellent negatives were secured, and Professor Schae- berle elaborated, as the outcome of his observations and study, his mechanical theory of the solar corona. An opportunity for testing the theory was presented by the second eclipse, which was visible in Chile. The enlightened spirit of Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst en- i abled the Lick Observatory to send out an expedition to observe this eclipse, under the charge of Professor Schaeberle. This expedition, which was likewise wholly photographic, was eminently successful in every respect, and "opened a new era in eclipse photography." Pro- fessor Schaeberle regards the results of the Hearst expedi- tion as confirming his theor}?, which he is now extending to the explanation of other important celestial phenom- ena. William Wallace Camp- bell, born in Ohio in 1862, was graduated at the University of Mich- igan in 1886. He was Professor of Mathematics in the University of Colorado, 1886-88, and Instructor of Astronomy in the University of Michigan, 1888-91, and in 1891 was appointed Astronomer at the Lick Observatory. He has given much study to the orbits of comets, and has used the great telescope in the photography of spectra. During his connection with the Lick Observatory, he has become RICHARD H. TUCKER. JR. THE LICK OBSERVATORY ' 243 established as an authority on all matters pertaining to astronomical spectroscopy. Very notable, for instance, are his negative results as to the existence of an atmosphere on Mars and his observations of the spectra of the Wolf-Rayet stars. Richard Hawley Tucker, Jr., born in Maine in 1859, was gradu- ated at Lehigh University, with the degree of Civil Engineer, in 1879. His work has been mainly in the line of astronomy of precision. He spent four years at the Dudley Observatory, Albany, where he was assistant in the observation of the zone of the Astronomische Gesellschaft. He passed nine years in the Argentine National Observatory at Cordoba. While there, and since his appoint- ment as Astronomer at the Lick Observatory in 1893, his work has been mainly with the meridian circle. With this instrument he is carrying out the programme of work as originally designed. Two series of works, the first, in quarto, known as " Publications of the Lick Observatory," the second, in octavo, known as " Contri- butions from the Lick Observatory," are printed from time to time by the direction of the Regents of the University. These are technical in character, and set forth some of the more valuable work of the Observatory. The publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific contain notices from the Lick Observatory, which are brief accounts of the scientific work of the institution, prepared by the astronomers. Especial pains are taken to put these accounts into a simple and popular form. The history of the Observatory can be followed from month to month in these publications. CHAPTER X. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES. THE CHARTER of the University contemplated the establishment of " Colleges of Medicine and Law, and other like professional colleges." It also provided for the affiliation of incorporated courses of instruction in the discretion of the Regents. Very earlj^, namely, in 1873, the property of the Toland College of Medicine was donated to the University, and the Regents proceeded to establish the Medical Depart- ment. Likewise, about this same time, the California College of Pharmacy, shortly before incorporated, was affiliated with the University. In 1878 Hon. S. C. Hastings founded the Hastings College of the Law, and this was connected with the University on terms of affiliation. In t88i, at the instance of the Medical Faculty, the Regents established a College of Den- tistry as a department of the University. In 1892 the San Francisco Polyclinic became, by articles of afiSliation, the Post-Graduate Medical Department. And in 1894 the California Veterinary College ■?^i' SERRANNO CLINTON HASTINGS THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 24^ was incorporated and immediately thereafter affiliated with the University. The departments of law, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and veter- inary science, are thus, either as integral or affiliated courses, within the circle of the University's professional work. The Professional Colleges have not had, any of them, permanent and adequate homes. From the nature of their design and work, it is necessary that they should be situated in a large city. The Medical College, in particular, has suffered much from the fact of the unsatisfactoriness of its housing. It has been doing excellent work with an eminently able Faculty, and should long ago have been provided with the requisite material facilities. It is now confidently expected that, through provision by the Legislature, these several Colleges will be grouped together under one roof, in a building con- structed especially to accommodate them. When the several Professional Colleges shall have become grouped together under one roof, the general University spirit will be more manifest. Not only will a common home serve to unite them together more firmly, but their home will be the University home in San Francisco, and the common interests of all departments, both academic and professional, will be emphasized. THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW. Ten years after the chartering of the University, namely, on March 26, 1878, an act of the Legislature of California was approved by Governor Irwin creating the Hastings College of the Law, and providing for its afiSliation with the University. It had been in the minds of some of the Regents almost from the first to establish a Law Department, and it had been with that thought that Justice Stephen J. Field had been elected Honorary Professor of Law. But the funds of the University were not sufficient to warraut the expan- sion of the institution beyond its necessary Academic Departments. 246 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA It waited, therefore, for that act of munificence on the part of Judge S. C. Hastings, whereby the name of the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California became connected with the professional training of the future lawyers of the State. Serranno Clinton Hastings was born in New York State, November 22, 1814. At the age of twenty-one he was admitted to the bar of Indiana, but engaged at first in journalism. In 1838 he was chosen a member of the first Legislature of the Territory of Iowa, whither he had removed the year previous. He continued a member of this territorial Legislature until Iowa was admitted as a State in 1846, when he was elected to Congress. In 1848 he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Iowa, but at the end of a year came to California, and was shortly afterward elected by the Legislature to the same position in this State. At the end of his term, in 185 1, he was elected Attorney-General, serving in that capacity for two years. His public life closed here, and he devoted his attention to business interests and investments, which ultimately brought him a large fortune. Immediately after the passage of the act creating the Law College Judge Hastings paid into the State Treasury one hundred thousand dollars, on condition that the State should pay an annual interest of seven per centum thereon. The College was formally transferred to the Directors and to the Regents of the University on Commencement Day in 1878. An address was delivered by Judge Hastings, and responses were made by Thomas B. Bishop, Esq., and Hon. J. B. Crockett. The first Board of Directors consisted of Joseph P. Hoge, W. W. Cope, Delos Lake, Samuel M. Wilson, Oliver P. Evans, Thomas B. Bishop, John R. Sharpstein, and Thomas I. Bergin, all gentlemen prominent in the history of the bench and bar of California. The control of the College lies in the hands of the Directors, who choose their own successors, as well as the professors and instructors of the College. The President of the University, however, is President of the Faculty, and degrees are conferred by the Regents of the Uni- versity. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 247 The College was opened in the Old Pioneer Hall, San Francisco, on August 9, 1878. John Norton Pomeroy, who had been chosen first Professor of Municipal Law, delivered his inaugural address. Professor Pomeroy was born in Rochester, New York, April 12, 1828, and died in San Francisco, February 25, 1885. He was grad- uated at Hamilton College in 1847. He studied law in Cincinnati with Senator Thomas Corwin and in Rochester with Judge Henry R. Selden. In 1864 he was chosen Professor of Law in I the University of the City of New York, where he remained until 1870. He then resigned, and returned to practice in Rochester. Professor Pomero}/ was recog- nized as a jurist of the highest quality. He was the author of several not- able books: "Introduction to Municipal Law," 1S64; "Introduction to the Consti- tutional Law of the United States," 1868; "Remedies and Remedial Rights," 1876; and, while in California, "Specific Performance of Contracts," and " Equity Jurisprudence." His lectures on " International Law in Time of Peace " were edited, after his death, by Professor Theodore S. Woolsey. Professor Pomeroy achieved distinguished success as a teacher, and his connection with the Hastings College gave it a standing throughout the country. During the first year of the College a course of lectures on " Legal Ethics " was delivered by Rev. W. H. Piatt, D. D. In 1880 JOHN NORTON POMEROY 248 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Hon. Oliver P. Evans, then Jndge of the Superior Court of San Fran- cisco, was appointed Assistant Professor in charge of the Junior Class, the duties of which position he performed for two years. His place was taken by Calhoun Benham, Esq., who died after two years' service. On the death of Professor Pomeroy, Charles William Slack received the appointment of Acting Professor of Municipal Law. Professor Slack was born in MifSin, Pennsylvania, December 12, 1858. He was graduated at the University of California in 1879 and at the Hastings College of the Law in 1882. From 1885 to 1888 he was the main reliance of the Law School. Upon the election of Hon. E. W. McKinstry as Pro- fessor of Municipal Law in 1888, Professor Slack was made Assistant Professor, and in 1894 promoted to the rank of Professor of Municipal Law, as well as being made Dean of the Faculty. He was appointed Superior Judge in San Francisco in 1892 and Regent of the Uni- versity in 1894. Grounded in the principles of jurisprudence by the instruction of Professor Pomeroy, CHARLES WILLIAM SLACK ^^^j ^^^-^ ^ ^^^jg ^^^ acc Urate acquaintance with the laws of California, he is eminently fitted for the duties of his position in the Law College. Elisha Williams McKinstry, who was elected Professor of Municipal Law in 1888, was born in Detroit, Michigan, April 10, 1824. He came to California in 1849, ^-^d was a member of the first Legislature. From 1852 to 1873 he was almost continuously on the bench, either as District Judge or as County Judge. From 1874 to 1888 he was one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of California. His opinions delivered in the Supreme Court are, most of them, to be found in the California Reports, volumes 47 to 77. They cover many subjects, the THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 249 most important being municipal powers, private corporations and emi- nent domain, irrigation and riparian rights, and Spanish and Mexican law. On all these subjects he has shown profound knowledge of the principles of the law. Since 18S6 the chair of Legal Ethics has been filled by Rev. J. H. C. Bonte, D. D., LL- D., the Secretary of the Board of Regents. Dr. Bonte, who is a thoroughly trained lawyer, as well as a student of theology, is a man of great and varied learning. With a firm grasp of the principles of philosophy, science, law and theolog}', his lectures are characterized by unusual breadth and power. In 1 886 the Law Col- lege took an important step in advancing its entrance requirements beyond those elsewhere set in the United States. It made a substan- tial requirement in English literature, beside calling for '" an acquaintance with arith- metic, algebra, geometry, American and English his- tory, civil government, and Latin. This standard of admission gave a decidedly higher tone to the work of the Law School. The immediate, although temporary, effect was a reduction in the number of students. The course of instruction covers the usual field of work embraced in the American Law Schools. The method of instruction was, at first, by lectures, but this has been greatly modified in the light of experience. Text-books are now largely used, leading cases are ELISHA WILLIAMS McKINSTRY 2^0 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA constantly referred to and required to be studied. There are daily recitations and discussions, with comments more or less extended and more or less formal by the instructor. Especial attention is given to the California Codes, and the modifications made by them in the Common Law are constantly pointed out. It may also be mentioned that in the Academic Colleges, at Berk- eley, thoroughgoing courses in Roman Law, Constitutional Law, International Law, Compara- tive Law, and the principles of Jurisprudence, are given. These may be taken by the undergraduate student before entering the Law College, or, as special studies, by the law student. The courses in his- tory, politics, and economics, at Berkeley, likewise con- tribute to give to the law student, who desires to elect them, a rounded education. A moot court is main- tained at the Law College, in which the members of the two upper classes participate. Each argument is presided over b}? a member of the Fac- j. H. c. bonte' ulty, and by some student. Briefs are prepared and filed at the hearing, and an opinion is written by the student-justice under the direction of the professor in charge. The success of the Law College is shown in the number and reputation of its graduates. Several occupy, or have occupied, positions as Superior Judges, as District Attorneys, and as members of the Legislature. They are prominent at the bar in nearly all the counties of the State. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 2^1 THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. On November 5, 1864, the pioneer Faculty of the Toland Medical College met for the purpose of inaugurating the first regu- lar course of medical lectures delivered in this State. The founder of the College was the illustrious Dr. H. H. Toland. The property and building which he gave were located on Stockton Street, San Fran- cisco, distant but a few blocks from the bay. This site was =P then accessible from the bus- iness and residence parts of the city. The original faculty con- sisted of Dr. H. H. Toland, Dr. John F. Morse, Dr. Robert Oxland, Dr. Brown, Dr. James Blake, Dr. W. O. Ayres, Dr. L- C. Lane, Dr. Thomas Bennett, and Dr. Henry Gib- bons. Dr. Toland was elected the first President, and Dr. Ayres the first Dean. The Col- lege began in a modest way, the students enrolled for the first session being only eight in number. The Faculty, rec- ognizing from the first the necessity of clinical instruction, sought and soon obtained, the freedom of the City and County Hospital for the students. The first graduates of the College were Freeman L. Weeks, John C. Davie, Jr., Amos S. Dubois, Ferdinand Damour, Charles A. Stivers, William P. Welsh, Milo B. Pond, and John C. Handy. H. H. TOLAND i^2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA R. BEVERLY COLE Surgery, Professor Bennett the Professor Shorb, Clinical Medicine. The following additions were at this time made to the Faculty : C. F. Buckley, Professor of Ma- teria Medica ; John Le Conte, of the University of California, Professor of Physiology ; Ezra S. Carr, Professor of Chemistry, and Dr. Vansant, Professor of Anatomy. It was at this time that the first discussion arose about the possibility of affiliating the Toland Medical College with the State University. Little headway was made, however, until the following At the end of the second ses- sion. Professors Brown, Oxland and Ayres resigned. Dr. Price being elected at this time Professor of Chemistry, and Dr. J. Campbell Shorb taking the department of Physiology. The Faculty of the Toland Medical College, as early as May, 1869, recognizing the necessity of preparatory education, exacted of all applicants, what was then unusual in American schools, the passing of a satisfac- tory examination in the English language. In 1S70 the Faculty was reorganized, the Board of Trustees assigning to Professor Toland the department of Clinical department of Medicine, and to ROBERT A. MCLEAN THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 29 year, when the Faculty was strengthened by the invaluable accession of Dr. R. Beverly Cole. On June 8, 1870, the Board of Regents of the University received a communication from Dr. Cole, then Dean, expressing the desire of the Faculty that the College be affiliated with the University. At the same time the Board of Trustees of the College, through its President, the late John B. Felton, and its Secre- tary, Ira P. Rankin, informed the Regents of its readiness to convey the College property, repre- sented by valuable improved real estate in the City of San Francisco. The Executive Committee of the Regents, through its chairman, W. C. Ralston, recommended that the property offered by the Faculty of the College be accepted, and that the Col- lege henceforth be designated as the Medical Department of the University of Califor- nia. The consummation of this plan was temporarily delayed owing to Dr. To- land's disinclination to con- vey the property unless the College was known as the Toland Medical Department of the University, while the Board of Regents felt unable to agree to this condition. Dr. R. Beverly Cole succeeded, however, in persuading Dr. Toland to yield the condition on which he had at first insisted. On April i, 1873, the affiliation was accordingly completed; the Regents accepted a gift of the property ; voted that a Medical Depart- ment of the University be created; that one of the chairs be designated the Toland Professorship; that the building donated be GEORGE A. SHURTLEFF 'M THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA known as Toland Hall ; that the Professors be elected by the Regents and hold office on the same terms as other Professors of the Uni- versity ; and that the Faculty of Medicine have the right to control the internal affairs of the College. The following gentlemen had the honor of constitut- ing the first Fac- ulty of the Medical Department of the University of California: H. H. Toland, Professor of Clinical Sur- gery ; R. Beverly Cole, Professor of Obstetrics and Clinical Diseases of Women ; Henry Gibbons, Jr., Pro- fessor of Materia Medica and Phar- macy ; C. T. Deane, Professor of Dis- eases of Women and Children ; M. Bates, Professor of Clinical Medicine ; W. T. Bradbury, Professor of Therapeutics ; E. Bentley, Professor of Pathology ; A. A. O'Neill, Professor of Anatomy ; George Hewston, Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine ; H. Gibbons, Sr., Pro- fessor of Medical Jurisprudence and Mental Diseases ; A. Barkan, Professor of Ophthalmology and Otology ; Thomas Price, Professor TOLAND HALL, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 2?? of Chemistry and Toxicology; M. W. Fish, Professor of Physiology; C. B. Brigham, Professor of Orthopedic Surgery. The Medical Faculty has fought a noble battle and has . - achieved remarkable success. They have never received any compensation for their services, but have given their time, thought, energy, and, when need was, money, in raising the standard of med- ical education. Dr. Cole and his colleagues have done a service to the community which will not end with many a generation yet to come. They were among the first in the United States to institute a three years' curriculum and a graded system of study. They were pioneers in raising the requirements for matriculation. Beginning with the session of 1895-96, the Faculty passes far beyond the position taken by the great majority of American Medical Colleges, requiring its matriculants to pass an examination similar to that required of candidates for admis- sion to the Academic Departments of the Uni- versity. The course of instruction has become more and more thorough, the students being required at present to spend four years in Col- s. p. JUGGLE lege before presenting themselves for graduation. The outline of the course of study is as follows : WILLIAM F. McNUTT 25'6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA First Year. — Anatomy, Comparative and Human; Physiology, Comparative and Human; Histology; Materia Medica; Chemistry; Chemical and histological laboratories; Dissections. Second Year. — Anatomy; Physiology; Histology; Chemistry ; Materia Medica ; Pathology; Principles and Practice of Medicine ; Princi- ples and Practice of Surgery ; Obstetrics; Dissections. Final examination at the end of the year in Anatomy, Physiology, Materia Medica, Chemistry and Histology. Third and Fo ii r t h Years. — Surgical Anatomy; Pathology; Hygiene; Bacteri- ology; Medical Jurisprudence; Therapeutics; Principles and Practice of Medicine; Principles and Practice of Surger3'; Gynecology; Obstetrics; Dis- eases of Children ; Nervous and Mental Diseases ; Clinical Medicine ; Clinical Surgery ; Ophthalmol- ogy; Otology; Laryngology; Dispensary Clinics. The course of study comprises clinical, didactic, and laboratory instruction. It is intended that the three methods shall constitute a systematic whole, but special prominence is given to the first. Full access is given to the City and County Hospital, a complete modern structure, containing five hundred beds, and presenting for observation nearly every known form of disease, including those peculiar to BENJAMIN R. SWAN A. K. HAPERSBERG THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 2^:7 the tropics and South America. The staff of the hospital is largely drawn from the Faculty of the College, giving them unusual advantages for devel- oping clinical material. The Professor of Clinical Surgery has charge of three surgical wards (thirty-two beds in each); the Professor of Clinical Medicine of two wards ; the Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and the Professor of Ophthalmology, of one ward each. Autopsies are conducted in the Mortuary three times a week, by the Pathologist. A large operating theater has been erected, where the major and minor operations of sur- W. E. TAYLOR gery are performed in view of the class. The candidate for the degree of Doctor of Medicine must have attained the age of twenty- one years and be of good moral character; must have studied medicine four full years, and have attended four regular courses of medical lectures, the last of which must be that of the University of California. He must have pursued the study of practical anatomy during at least two sessions, and pre- sented certificates of having dissected every part J. HENRY BARBAT ^f ^.j^g cadavcr. And he must have passed the required examinations, written and oral. WILLIAM WATT KERR GEORGE H. POWERS JOHN C. SPENCER JOHN W. ROBERTSON THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 2^9 Matriculates of 1895 ^"^ succeeding years will be required to devote four years to medical study before presenting themselves for examination for graduation. Graduates of recognized Literary and Scientific Colleges, and those who have spent two years in the Nat- ural Science College of a recognized University, and graduates of recognized Pharmaceutical Colleges, are admitted to the Sophomore Class without examination. Graduates of recognized Colleges of CHEMICAL LABORATORY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT Dentistry are admitted to the Junior Class upon passing a satisfactory examination in the curriculum of the Sophomore Class. The following named gentlemen comprise the Faculty as at present constituted: Robert A. McLean, M. D., Professor of Clinical and Operative Surgery, Dean ; G. A. Shurtleff, M. D., Emeritus Professor of Mental Diseases and Medical Jurisprudence ; R. Beverly Cole, A. M., M. D., M. R. C.S. (Eng.), Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology; W. F. McNutt, M. D., M. R. C. P. (Edin.), Professor of Principles and 26o THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA WILLIAM J. HAWKINS PHILIP COLLISCHONN Practice of Medicine; W. E. Taylor, M. D., Professor of Principles and Practice of Surgery; A. L. Lengfeld, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica and Medical Chemistry ; Ben- jamin R. Swan, M. D., Professor of Diseases of Children ; George H. Powers, A. M., M. D., Profes- sor of Ophthalmology and Otology; William Watt Kerr, A. M., M. B., C. M., Professor of Clinical Medicine ; Arnold A. D'Ancona, A. B., M. D., Profes- sor of Physiology ; Douglas W. Montgomery, M. D., Professor of Diseases of the Skin; Washington Dodge, M. D., Professor of Therapeutics; John M. Williamson, M. D., Professor of Anatomy; John W. Robertson, A. B., M. D., Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases; John C. Spencer, A. B., M. D., Professor of Pathology and Histology; W. E. Hopkins, M. D., Associate Professor of Ophthal- mology and Otology. There are in addition the following: George F. Shiels, M. D., F. R. C. S. E., Lecturer on Hygiene and Medical Jurisprudence and Adjunct to the Chair of Surgery; Charles von Hoffmann, M. D., Ad- junct to the Chair of Gynecology; H. N. Winton, Adjunct to the Chair of Therapeutics ; Wm. J. Hawkins, M. D., Adjunct to the Chair of Physiology; Winslow Anderson, M. D., M. R. C. P. (Eng.), x'Vdjunct to the Chair of Principles and Practice of Medicine; Henry B. A. Kugeler, M. D., EDWIN BUNNELL HENRY N. WINTON 3 o z a n O 26: THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Adjunct to the Chair of Pathology and Histology; F. T. Green, Ph. G., Adjunct to the Chair of Materia Medica and Medical Chemistry; William B. Lewitt, M. D., Adjunct to the Chair of Diseases of Children; J. Henry Barbat, Ph. G., M. D., Demonstrator of Anatomy; S. P. Tuggle, M. D., John M. Sims, M. D., S. J. Fraser, M. D., Edwin Bunnell, A. B., M. D., Henry A. L. Ryfkogel, M. D., Robert Crees, M. D., Assistant Demonstrators of Anatomy. The College Dispensary Staff is constituted as follows: Medi- «;/^— Washington Dodge, M. D., F. W. D'Evelyn, M. D., C. M., Philip Collischonn, M. D., H. D. Robertson, M. D. ; Surgery — John M. Williamson, M. D., Albert K. Hapersberger, A. B., M.D.; OphtJialmology and Otology — George H. Powers, A.M.,M D.; W. E. Hopkins, M. D., Hugh Lagan, M. D., H. G. Burton, M. D.,U. S A., Ret.; Nervous Diseases — John W. Robertson, A. B., M. D.; Gy ne CO logy — Charles von , 4 Hoffmann, M. D.; Cutaneous '"■ ; and Venereal Diseases — f Douglas W. Montgomery, M. D. The College has long outgrown the limitations of Toland Hall. In 1891 the Legislature voted an appro- priation of $80,000 for a building for the Medical Department, and, in 1893, $250,000 for a University Building in San Francisco, as a home for all the Professional Colleges. In each instance the bill was negatived by the Governor for reasons of economy. Such a building, desirable for all the Professional Colleges, is indispensable to the College of Medicine. WASHINGTON DODGE THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 263 POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. At the instance of the Medical Faculty of the University, articles of affiliation were adopted by the Regents in May, 1892, whereby the San Francisco the Post -Graduate of the University of The San Fran- out of a club of cians, which was The idea was sug- Regensburger, was upon, and operations rented building at The Polyclinic was Polyclinic became Medical Department California. cisco Polyclinic grew prominent physi- organized in 1888. gested by Dr. Martin immediately acted were begun in a 124 Ellis Street, s h o r 1 1 5^ afterward quarters at 315 Ellis moved to larger Frederick w. develyn Street. Expenses, however, were in excess of income, and the projectors were obliged to call in the assistance of ladies in San Francisco. These ladies, now known as patronesses, have rendered the most valu- able services to the enterprise. Through their exertions land was procured at 410 Ellis Street, where a handsome building, with complete fur- nishings and equipment, has been erected. The Polyclinic was founded primarily as a charity, a dispensary where the sick poor could have the CHARLES VON HOFFMANN LOUIS BAZET 264 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GEORGE F. SHIELS HENRY L. WAGNER necessary treatment. This idea has been broadened with the develop- ment of the institution. The following are the Board of Lady Directors: Mrs. M. H. - de Young (Pres- ident), Mrs. J. B. H. Cooper, Mrs. M. Bailey, Mrs. A. M. Davis, Mrs. I. Hecht (First Vice- President), Mrs. T. G. Walking- ton (Second Vice-President), Mrs. M. Regens- burger, Mrs. A. L. Lengfeld, Mrs. W. B. Wilshire (Corresponding Sec- retary), Mrs. E. J. Starr, Mrs. George Bliss, Mrs. T. Deane, Miss Pollock, Mrs. L. Myerstein, Mrs. L. Elkus, Mrs. W. H. Smith (Secretary), Mrs. Dr. Hopkins, Mrs. Dr. Martin, Mrs. A. G. Booth, Mrs. C. B. Stone, Mrs. Giselman, Mrs. R. Carroll, Mrs. G. Fife, Mrs. A. P. Hotaling, Jr. (Treasurer). This de- partment of the University offers to grad- uates of regular schools of medicine clinical instruction in all branches of medicine and surgery. The lectures treat comprehensively of the applications of medical science to general and special practice. They WILLIAM E. HOPKINS LUKE ROBINSON THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 26^ m%^ are illustrated by cases selected from the large number of patients that present themselves at the clinics ; and for each case the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, plan of treatment, and prognosis, are fully explained. mm^'- *■ The regular courses comprise lectures on Med- icine, which inci- dentally present facilities for a complete review of physical diag- nosis and for the chemical and mi- croscopical examination of urine, dejecta and sputum ; On Surgery, which cover the entire field of Minor Surgery and that class of cases which make up the office practice of the general practitioner ; W. H. MAYS W, S, THORNE On Ophthalmology, Laryngology, affording for practice in the use of laryngoscope ; On Obstetrics, under opportunity for bedside agement of normal deliv- ment of abnormal con- On Venereal Dis- on Bacteriology, in PHILIP K. BROWN Otology, Rhinology, and excellent opportunities the ophthalmoscope and arraugements which give instruction in the man- eries and in the treat- ditions ; eases and Dermatology' ; which the Bacteriological receutl}' supplied with Laboratory has been complete apparatus for the study of the natural history of patho- genic bacterial life, and courses for such study are given as the demand for them arises. These are open to undergraduate and lay students. 266 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The use of the laboratory is also offered to graduates in medi- cine who wish to engage iu special, independent investigations. In connection with the clinical lectures, and as part of the scheme of regular instruction, operative and ward clinics are conducted in St. Luke's, St. Mary's, the Children's, and the City and County hospitals. The Faculty is constituted as follows: Louis Bazet, M. D., Profes- sor of Genito-Urinary Surgery; Edward S. Clark, M. D., Professor of Otology; Fred W. D'Evelyn, M. D., C. M. (Edin.), Professor of Ped- iatrics; Charles von Hoffmann, M. D., Professor of Gynecology; Henry Kreutzmann, M. D., Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Douglas W. Montgomery, M. D., Professor of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases; Martin Regensburger, M. D., Professor of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases; Harry M. Sherman, A. M., M. D., Professor of Orthopedic Surgery; George F. Shiels, M. D., C. M. (Edin.), Professor of Surgery; Washington Dodge, M. D., Professor of Medicine ; W. F. McNutt, M. D., M. R. C. P. (Edin.), Professor of Diseases of the Heart and Kidneys; W. E. Hopkins, M. D., Professor of Ophthalmology; W. A. Martin, M. D., Professor of Ophthalmology; Luke Robinson, M. D., M. R. C. P. (Lond.), Professor of Gynecology; William H. Mays, M. D., Professor of Gynecology; Leo Newmark, M. D., Professor of Neurology; John C. Spencer, M. D,, Professor of Bacteriology. In addition there are as Clinical Assistants the following : Medical — Clark J. Burnham, Philip K. Brown, Philip Collischonn, H. N. Winton. Surgical — ^Joseph Artigues, Virginia W. Smiley, S. J. Hunkin, C. C. Hansen, Ernest Pring, Campbell Ford. Ophthabnological^ Otological, e/c— Frank B. Petrie, J. R. McMurdo, S. P. Tuggle, G. W. Merritt, W. B. Stevens. Gynecological — ^John M. Macdonald, Lucia M. Lane, T. C. Park. Derniatological — Tenison Deane, W. O. Smith. The Polyclinic has been a noble charity, fostered and promoted by its Patronesses ; and now, losing none of its eleemosynary charac- teristics, under its able and devoted Faculty, as the Post-Graduate Medical Department of the University, is exerting its influence to raise the standard of medical education and advance the field of med- ical science. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 267 IV. THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY. The first dental college in the world was established in Baltimore, in 1839. Before that time, students of dentistry obtained all their instruction in the offices and laboratories of private practitioners. Other dental schools were incorporated, until in 1865 the number reached six. In 1868 Harvard University organized a dental depart- ment in connection with its medical college. The action of Harvard was followed by the University of Michigan, 1874; by Pennsylvania and Tennessee, 1878; and by Vanderbilt University, 1879. On May 28, 1881, on the recommendation of the Medical Faculty, the College of Dentistry of the University of California was estab- lished by the Regents. The organization of the college was largely owing to the energy and untiring activity of Dr. S. W. Dennis, Pro- fessor of the Principles and Practice of Operative Dentistry, and the first Dean of the Faculty. He always advocated thoroughness and high standards. The Faculty has consisted of the following professors : Operative Dentistry and Histology, S. W. Dennis, M. D., D. D. S., 1882-87 ; L. L. Dunbar, D. D. S., 1888-. Mechanical Dentistry, C. L. Goddard, A, M., D. D. S., 1882-89. Dental Pathology and Therapeutics, A. F. McLain, M. D., D. D. S., 1882-84 ; L. L. Dunbar, D. D. S., 1884-85 ; M. J. Sullivan, 1886-. Orthodontia and Dental Metallurgy, C. L. Goddard, A. M., D. D. S., 1890-. Anatomy, William Lewitt, M. D., 1882 ; William B. Lewitt, M. D., 1883-92 ; J. M. Williamson, M. D., 1893-. Physiology, M. W. Fish, M. D., 1882-87 ; A. A. D'Ancona, A. B., M. D., 1888-. Chemistry, A. W. Perry, M. D., 1882. Materia Medica and Medical Chemistry, now Chemistry and Metallurgy, A. L. Lengfeld, M. D., 1882-. Surgery, W. E. Taylor, M. D., 1882-92, now Emeritus Professor ; William B. Lewitt, M. D., 1893-. Clinical Professor of Operative Dentistry, M. J. Sullivan, 1885-86. Clinical Professor of Mechanical Dentistry, E. O. Cochrane, D. D. S., 1885 ; H. J. Plomteaux, D. D. S., 1886. The Deans of the Faculty have -oo ,0"^' .o.t> '^IL ^"^h. '"■ttv, 'Tr >*- vAf^-^ L.L.DUNBAR ^^c ■"'^^-M.o. FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 269 been: Professor Dennis, 1882, and 1884-85; Professor Goddard, 1883, and 1886-88; Professor Dunbar, 1889-. Beside the Professors constituting the Faculty, there are now the following Lecturers, Demonstrators, and Assistants : Charles Boxton, D. D. S., Lecturer on Mechanical Dentistry, and Instructor in Mechan- ical Technic ; Charles A. Litton, D. D. S., Superintendent of Infirmary; Harry P. Carlton, D. D. S., Instructor in Operative Technic; Paul C. Erhardt, D. D. S., Demonstrator of Operative Dentistry; Albert T. Derby, D. D. S., Demonstrator of Mechanical Dentistry; W. F. Sharp, D. D. S., D. M. D., Instructor in Operative Dentistry; H. D. Noble, D. D. S-, Demonstrator of Mechanical Dentistry and of Orthodontia Technic; James W. Likens, D. D. S., Demonstrator of Operative Dentistry; Harold L- Seager, D. D. S., Assistant Demonstrator of Mechanical and Operative Technic; J. Henry Barbat, Ph. G., M. D., Demonstrator of Anatomy; O. W. Jones, M. D., Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy; S. J. Fraser, A. B., M. D., Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy; J. D. Hodgen, D. D. S., Assistant in Chemistry and Metal- lurgy ; and James G. Sharp, D. D. S., Assistant to the Chair of Physi- ology and Histology. There are also the following Clinical Instructors : J. L. Asay, M. D.; F. W. Bliss, D. D. S.; George H. Chance, D. D. S.; H. C. Davis, L. D. S.; Warren DeCrow ; A. O. Hooker; H. E. Knox, D. D. S.; W. F. Lewis; J. P. Parker, D. D. S.; W. E. Price, D. D. S.; William B. Sherman, D. D. S.; Max Sichel ; E. L. Townsend, D. D. S.; L. Van Orden, M. D., D. D. S.; F. H. Metcalf, D. D. S. As the Dental Colleges of the United States were formed inde- pendently of one another, there was no recognized standard for admis- sion or graduation. The greatest diversity prevailed. To remedy this, representatives of several Dental Colleges met together in 1884 and formed the National Association of Dental Faculties. This Association holds annual meetings, and makes regulations governing dental educa- tion. As a result, all the colleges belonging to the Association now require a preliminary examination for admission, and attendance upon three courses of study of not less than six months each, while several colleges have sessions of nine months each. 270 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The College of Dentistry of the University has always aimed at high standards, constantly adding to its requirements, both for admis- sion and for graduation. It was the second college in the United States to adopt a nine months' course of lectures (1884), the third to require a preliminary examination (1883), and the third to require three years' study before graduation (1886). The requirements for admission now include arithmetic, geography, English grammar and composition, United States history, elementary physics and chemistry, and the elements of Latin. In accordance with the rules of the National Association, every encouragement is given to graduates and students in medicine. The course of study is arranged as follows : Freshman Year. — Anatomy, with dissections ; Physiology and general Histology ; Chemistry, with laboratory work ; Mechanical Dentistry ; Operative Technic ; Mechanical Technic ; Microscopic Technic. Kxaminations are held at the end of the year in all these branches. Junior Year. — Anatomy, with dissections ; Pliysiology and general Histology; Chemistry; Mechanical Dentistry; Operative Dentistry and Dental Histology ; Pathology, Therapeutics, and Materia Medica, Orthodontia and Orthodontia Technic. Examinations are held at the end of the year in all of these branches, and are final in Anatomy, Physiology, and Chemistry. Senior Year. — Operative Dentistry and Dental Histology; Mechan- ical Dentistry ; Orthodontia, with practical cases ; Metallurgy, with laboratory work ; Pathology, Therapeutics, and Materia Medica ; Surgery. For graduation it is required that the candidate for the Degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery shall have attained the age of twenty-one years; shall have studied dentistry three years; shall have attended three full courses in the College of Dentistry of the University, or two years in some other reputable Dental College, and the third or last in this College ; and shall have satisfactorily passed the required examinations. o _-< O o D m z 272 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The candidate is required to dissect two quarters. He must treat thoroughly some patient requiring all the usual dental operations, and bring the patient before the Professors of Operative Dentistry and Dental Pathology and Therapeutics. He must also complete at least one practical artificial denture, insert at least one crown, or piece of bridge work, and, after completion, bring his patient before the Lecturer on Mechanical Dentistry, at least thirty days before the close of the OPERATING ROOM, COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY term. He must treat one case of irregularity under the direction of the Professor of Orthodontia. He must also prepare a specimen denture, to be deposited in the College collection, and present the same to the Lecturer on Mechanical Dentistry, at least thirty days before the end of the term. The operating and the work on the artificial cases must be done at the College building, and exclusively by the applicant for the degree. After these requirements have been complied with, upon the recommendation of the Faculty and approval of the THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 273 Board of Regents, the candidate receives the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery. Until 1890 the instruction was conducted in Toland Hall, the building of the Medical Department. The number of students had so greatly increased that the rooms there were entirely inadequate, and the Dental College was removed to the Donohoe Building, on the corner of Market and Taylor streets. The whole of the sixth floor of CHEMICAL AND METALLURGICAL LABORATORY, COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY this building is occupied by the College, and is admirably equipped for its work. The infirmary is separated from the lecture and class rooms. The supply of patients for the clinic is always abundant. There are forty chairs, with accessory cabinets, brackets, and all necessarj' appliances. In addition to the general operating rooms, there is a commodious Senior operating room for advanced students. There are two dental laborato- ries, one for elementary instruction in Mechanical Technic, the other for J. D. HODGEN H. p. Carlton Charles Boxton W. F. Sharp t€ P. C. Erhardt A. T. Derby H. D. Noble J. W. Likens J. G. Sharp C. A. Litton h. L. Seager C. B. Root DEMONSTRATORS AND INSTRUCTING STAFF, COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY ;W««|* W. E. Price H. C. Davis W. DeCrow W. B. Shi-:i;,han E. L. TOWNSKND A. O. Hooker H. E. Kn-ox Max Sichel L. Van Orden W, E. Lewis F. H. Metcalf T. P. Parker STAFF OF CLINICAL INSTRUCTORS, COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY I'] 6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA advanced students. They are well equipped with benches, lathes, furnaces for melting, forge, rolling mill, continuous gum-furnaces. and all other requisites The students of have the same opportu- tice as the students of They have the freedom Hospital, and of the San Francisco. A library and mu- from the contributions of The number of stu- twenty-six in 1882 to enty in 1894-95. The O. W. Jones for thorough work, the College of Dentistry nities in hospital prac- the Medical Department, of the City and County Receiving Hospital in seuni have been formed friends of the College, dents has increased from one hundred and sev- graduates of the College number one hundred and sixty-one, most of whom are practicing in California, and some of whom have attained prominence in their profession ; some have gone to other States, to Idaho, '"^ Washington, New York, Nevada, Arizona and Min- nesota; while others, more widely scattered, are found in India, Central America, Mex- ico, Germany, Austria and the Hawaiian Islands. Some have been called upon as instructors by their alma mater ; two have held posi- tions as clinical professors of mechanical dentistry, one is now a lecturer, six have been instructors, sixteen demonstrators, and seven clinical instructors. •0* A G. H. Chance F. W. Bliss THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 277 WILLIAM T. WENZELL V. THE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. The California College of Pharmacy is the outgrowth of the California Pharmaceutical Societ}', composed of the most prominent pharmacists and druggists of the State. The organization of the College was first formally considered by the Society on July 10, 1872, when a committee on the subject was appointed. This committee, on August 5, proceeded to incorporate the College, and became the first Board of Trustees. On December 9 they appointed the following Faculty : Professor of Chemistry, William T. Wenzell, M. D., Ph. G., Ph. M.; Professor of Materia Medica, William M. Searby, Ph. G.; Professor of Pharmacy, J. W. Forbes ; Professor of Botany, H. H. Behr, M. D. * A hall at 728 Montgomery Street was engaged with the view of opening the course of lectures about May i, 1873. A prospectus was issued. On May 15 a proposition came from President D. C. Oilman to affiliate the College with the University. This was accomplished, and, on the evening of July 8, the first course of lectures was inaugurated. President Oilman was intro- duced to a large audience of druggists and persons interested in pharmaceutical educa- tion. He delivered the opening address, and was followed b}? William T. Wenzell, President of the College of Pharmac}', Pro- fessor William M. Searby, and Dr. R. Beverly Cole, President of the Faculty of the Medical Department. The second course of lectures began on July 16, 1874, in Toland Hall. The Chair of Chemistry had been filled for a year by WILLIAM M. SEARBY 278 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Professor Willard B. Rising, of the Academic Colleges, but, he resign- ing. Professor William T. Wenzell, who had retired the year before, was induced to resume his position. John Calvert, Ph. G., took the Chair of Pharmacy, vice J. W. Forbes, resigned. Mr. John P. Heaney Avas the only grad- uate at the end of the year, and he received from the hands of President Gil man the first diploma granted to a graduate in Pharmacy by the University of Cali- fornia. In 1876 Pro- fessor John Calvert resigned the chair of Pharmacy, which he had filled with great ability. Emlen Painter, Ph. G., was elected to fill the vacancy, and proved to be a man of more than ordinary fitness for the position. His enthusiasm, his executive ability, and his indomitable perseverance, have contributed largely to the success of the College. He effected, in 1877, the consolidation of the College with the Pharmaceutical Society, the latter assuming all liabilities and agreeing to maintain the College in its future work. k' COLLEGE BUILDING, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 279 In 1881 Professor Painter resigned, and Professor E. W. Runyon was elected to the vacancy. In 1879, the College having prospered financially, the Trnstees were anxious to remunerate the professors, who had, with commendable zeal and self-sacrifice, given for years their unpaid labor to the institution. Since then the Faculty have received a small stipend. The College has had to depend for its funds upon fees, never receiving LECTURE HALL, COLLEGE OF PHARMACY any appropriation from the State. Through donations from generous friends of pharmaceutical education, a lot was purchased, on Fulton Street near Polk in 1881, and by 1883 the College Building was com- pleted at a cost of over five thousand dollars from like donations. Professor William M. Searby was, in 1S85, on account of ill health, relieved of his duties, and Professor Frederick A. Grazer, a graduate of the College, was elected to the chair of Materia Medica. Professor Grazer, after three years, took up the study of medicine, and 28o IHE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Professor Searby was persuaded to resume the chair. He is the worthy and faithful Dean of the Faculty. The laboratory, previously unfinished, was, in 1888, fitted up and opened for in- struction in pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry, with Professor Wen- zell as director. In 1S92 Profes- sor Frank T . Green was called to take charge of the laboratory, and in 1893 was appointed director with the title of Professor of Pharmaceutical and Analytical Chemistry. In 1892 the curriculum was enlarged by the addition of a course in microscopy and the appointment for that work of Professor J. J. B. Argenti. In 1894 CHARLES A. SEIHERT FRANK T. GREEN Professor H. H. pied the chair of since the establish- resigned, and his to Professor Argenti. Professor Behr's vices, he was made of Botany. Charles a graduate of the Professor of the of Pharmacy, was The teaching Behr, who had occu- Botany continuously ment of the College, duties were assigned In recognition of long and efficient ser- Eraeritus Professor Albert Seifert, Ph. G., College, and now Theory and Practice appointed in 1893. f o r c e likewise HANS H, BEHR includes the following Instructors : Robert E. Leet, in Chemistry ; O. A. Weihe, in Materia Medica ; M. R. Gibson, in Microscopy and Vegetable Histology; H. E. Besthorn, in Pharmacy; Josephine E. Barbat, in Botany. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 281 The College Building is not large and scarcely provides sufficient accommodation for the present requirements. The ground floor has one room for Museum and Library, and another for the professors ; back of these is the Lecture Hall is the Laboratory the same floor are two dents in their various is also used as a Micro- Considerable additions Museum in recent years, partly by donation, in- some microscopic mate- liberality of the College polariscope. The Mate- J. J. B. ARGENTI Hall. Over the Lecture of the same size, and on rooms used by the stu- classes. The larger one scopical Laboratory, have been made to the partly by purchase and eluding microscopes, rials, and, through the of Dentistry, a beautiful ria Medica Museum is tions. The Laboratory constantly receiving addi- is on the upper floor of the College building. It is well arranged for light and ventilation, and is provided with conveniences necessary for instruction. The College of Pharmacy will find accommodations in the antici- pated University Building in San Francisco. The outline of the course of instruction is as follows : Junior- Year. — Klementary Botany; Materia Medica; Elementary Physics and Chem- istry; Pharmaceutical Manipu- lation, Apparatus, etc.; Micro- scopy and Vegetable Histology ; Pharmaceutical Laboratory. Senior Year. — Materia Medica; Structural and Systematic Botany; Organic and Pharmaceutical Chem- istry; Pharmacy; Vegetable Histology and Pharmacognosy; Analytical Laboratory. ROBERT A. LEET OTTO A. WEIHE 282 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Every candidate for the degree of Graduate in Ptiarmacy must be of good moral character ; must have attained the age of twenty-one years; have attended two full courses in each of the departments of this College, or one course (the Senior) in this College, after a course in some other recognized pharmaceutical college, and have had four years of experience in a pharmacy where prescriptions are compounded. No special exami- nation is held for candidates for the degree, but only an examination at the end of the regular course. Candidates must be recommended jointl}^ by the Faculty and Examining Board to the Regents of the University of California, by whom the H. E. D. BESTHORN dcgrcc is couferrcd. Graduates of such medical colleges as are recognized by the American Medical Association will be permitted to present themselves for examination for the degree after one year's attendance at this College, provided they have complied with all the other conditions of graduation. VI. THE VETERINARY COLLEGE. In November, 1894, the California Veterinary College was incor- porated with the following gentlemen as Trustees : Henry J. Crocker, Esq., A. B. Spreckels, Esq., Hugh Tevis, Esq., James D. Phelan, Esq., Joseph D. Grant, Esq., Joseph A. Donohoe, Esq., Major J. R. Rath- bone, C. Smith, Esq., James K. Wilson, Esq., F. A. Hyde, Esq., Leroy Nichols, Esq., A. Auchie Cunningham, Esq., Dr. W. F. McNutt, Dr. Luke Robinson, and Dr. Winslow Anderson. In December it was affiliated with the University, and on Jan- uary 9, 1895, it was formally opened in the College Building, corner of Post and Fillmore streets, San Francisco. Dr. McNutt, President of the Board of Trustees, and the originator of the College, delivered the inaugural address. THE PROFESSIONAL COLLEGES 283 The Faculty is constituted as follows : Thomas Bowhill, F. R. C.V. S., F. R. C. S. (Edin.), (Dean of the Faculty), Professor of the Principles and Practice of Veterinary Surgery, Pathology and Bacteriology; A. B. Buzard, M. R. C. V. S., Professor of the Principles and Practice of Equine Medicine and Dermatology ; W. F. Egan, M. R. C. V. S., Professor of Principles and Practice of Bovine Medicine and Veterinary Obstetrics ; F. A. Nief, B. Sc, D. V. S. (Secretary of the Faculty), Professor of Comparative Anat- omy ; S. J. Eraser, B. A., M. D., Professor of Comparative Phy- siology and Histology; A. Auchie Cunningham, F. C. S., F. I. Inst., Professor of Chemistry, Materia Medica and Toxicology ; Frank W. Skaife, D. V. S., M.R. C.V. S., Professor of Helminthology and Canine Pathology; K. O. Steers, V. S., Lecturer on Botany and Therapeutics. Beside these there are special lecturers, as follows : W. F. McNutt, M. D., M. R. C. S., M. R. C. P. (Eng.), Professor of the Prin- ciples and Practice of Medicine, University of California ; William Watt Kerr, M. A., M. D. (Edin.), Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of California ; Joseph Le Conte, A.M., M. D., LL. D., Pro- fessor of Geology and Natural History, University of California ; W. E. Ritter, M. A., Assistant Professor , . , of Biology, University of California. The College Dispensary Staff consists of Mr. Bowhill and Mr. Buzard as house surgeons, with assistants. The curriculum of the College com- prises the fundamental medical sciences, and covers a period of three winter ses- sions of over six months each, commencing ^' ^ ^ ^ on the 7th day of January and terminating June 29, 1895 (for this session only). '^i' Hereafter the regular session will com- thomas bowhill mence October ist of each year and extend to the end of March of the following year. The theoretical instruction will be by didactic lectures, class demonstrations and recitations. The facilities for 284 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA instruction are equal to any in this country, and the courses extend from the first elements of Medicine to the latest researches in Veterinarj' Science, at home and abroad. The student will be trained under the special guidance of Professors in all the practical and techuical details of the profession. The following are the studies: First Year. — Chemistry and Practical Pharuiacy ; Elements of Physiology and Histology; Elementary Anatomy; Dissection ; Botany ; Clinical Instruction. Second Year. — Physiology and Comparative Physiology ; Anatomy of the Domesticated Animals and Comparative ; Principles and Prac- tice of Veterinary Surgery ; Principles and Practice of Equine Medicine ; Principles and Practice of Bovine Medicine ; Materia Medica ; Analytical and Organic Chemistry ; Toxicology ; Dissection ; Clinical Instruc- tion ; Therapeutics. Third Year. — Principles and Practice of Veterinary Surgery ; Principles and Practice of Equine Medicine and Dermatology ; Prin- ciples and Practice of Bovine Medicine ; Principles and Practice of Canine Medicine and Helminthology ; Veterinary Obstetrics ; Bac- teriology ; Pathological Anatomy ; Veterinary Hygiene ; Clinical Instruction ; Therapeutics. Second and third year students, beside attending the clinics, must serve as aids in the Hospital, and in the third year they will be placed in charge of sick animals and required to make autopsies. The candidate for the degree of " Doctor of Veterinary Science " (D. V. S.) must have attained the age of twenty-one years and be of good moral character; must have studied Veterinary Science for three full years, and attended three full courses of lectures in sepa- rate calendar years, the last of which must be in this College. He must have pursued the study of Practical Anatomy during at least two sessions, and presented certificates from the Professor of Anatomy of having dissected every part of the cadaver. He must have passed the required examinations, written and oral. CHAPTER XI. THE SCHOOL OF THE USEFUL ARTS. JC. WILMERDING, a prominent and esteemed merchant of San Francisco, died in February, 1894, making the following pro- vision as the sixth stipulation of his will : " I give, devise and bequeath to the Regents of the University of California the sum of four hundred thousand ($400,000) dollars, upon the following trusts and conditions, to wit : " To establish and maintain a school to be called, ' The Wilmer- DiNG School of Industrial Arts,' to teach boys trades, fitting them to make a liviirg with their hands, with little study and plenty of work. " Said Regents are empowered to purchase lands and erect thereon suitable workshops and places of instruction, and to equip the same with such machinery, tools, and implements as in their judgment may be necessary and proper; but I suggest to them that the expenditure for the purchase of said lands, and the construction and equipment of said workshops and places of instruction, be kept within such bounds as that the portion of said four hundred thousand ($400,000) dollars thereafter remaining shall be able to produce an income sufficient to forever maintain and support said school. Said Regents are authorized to invest the portion of said fund w^hich shall remain after the pur- chase of said land, and the erection and equipment of said workshops and places of instruction, in bonds, mortgages, or other interest-bearing securities ; but no portion of said fund, or of the income which may be derived therefrom, shall be used for or diverted to any purpose other than for the support and maintenance of said school." This enlightened bequest of Mr. Wilmerding, which is not yet available, is only one of several endowments that have been made for 286 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA the promotion of industrial education in San Francisco. A statement of these will indicate the prospects, soon to be realized, for the training of Californian youth in the useful arts. James Lick, in his deed of trust of great public benefactions, provided for industrial education as follows : "And in further trust, to found and endow at a cost of five hundred and forty thousand dollars ($540,000) an institution to be called, ' The California School of Mechanical Arts,' the object and purpose of which shall be to educate males and females in the practical arts of life, such as working in wood, iron, and stone, or any of the metals, and in whatever industr}' intelligent mechanical skill now is or can hereafter be applied ; such institution to be open to all youths born in Cali- fornia." This school was opened on January 7, 1895, in a building on the corner of Sixteenth and Utah streets, in San Francisco, with George A. Merrill, a graduate of the University of California, as Principal, and a full corps of teachers. Dr. and Mrs. H. D. Cogswell, by a deed of trust, executed Marcli 19, 1887, endowed the Cogswell Polytechnic School, in San Francisco. This institution is in successful operation. The Board of Education of San Francisco, in 1894, converted the Commercial High School into a Polytechnic High School. This is under the able management of Walter N. Bush, A. B., as Principal. It has complete courses in manual training and industrial education. Mrs. Miranda W. Lux died in San Francisco in September, 1894, and left a magnificent endowment for a school of industrial training. The third of her immense estate is to be devoted to "the promotion of schools for manual training, industrial training, and for teaching trades to young people of both sexes, in the State of California, and particularly in the City and County of San Francisco, it being my desire to assist in furnishing facilities for the education of young children from the time they leave the kindergarten schools, and while they are still quite young, in what is known as ' manual training,' and in all kinds of training looking to the acquisition of useful trades, by and through which habits of industry will be acquired and practical knowledge of those things which are useful in earning a living may be acquired." The trustees named in the will are Louis Sloss, Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper, Charles Holbrook, George C. Sargent, and Thomas B. Bishop. They are given a wise latitude in the disposition of their trust by this provision of the will : THE SCHOOL OF THE USEFUL ARTS 287 " And if a majority of said trustees should at any time deem it wise and expedi- ent to substitute, in the place of the present or any future Board of Trustees hereunder, a single corporation organized in whole or in part for the purposes for which the trust is created, then they shall have the power and authority so to do by a written appointment in the manner and form aforesaid, recorded as aforesaid ; and, upon the happening of such a contingency, the whole trust fund and property shall vest in such corporation as trustee for the purposes aforesaid, with precisely the same effect as if said corporation had been originally appointed sole trustee hereunder." A great future for education in the useful arts is made pos- sible by these noble benefactions. A cooperative employment of the several endowments will give San Francisco such a system of indus- trial schools as she cannot have if they work competitively. CHAPTER XII THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES. THE ADMINISTRATION of the University devolves, in accordance with the Charter, on a Board of Regents. This Board was originally constituted in four distinct classes : 1. The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and State Superintendent of Schools, all elected b^^ popular vote, and holding ofiSce for four years, and the Speaker of the Assembly, holding office for two years, and elected by members of the Assembly', were the official representatives of the State. 2. The President of the State Agricultural Society and the Presi- dent of the Mechanics' Institute in San Francisco, elected annually by these societies, were the representatives of the agricultural and mechan- ical interests of the State. 3. Eight members of the Board, holding office for sixteen years, were appointed by the Governor, with the approval of the Senate. 4. Eight members of the Board, holding office for sixteen years, were elected as " Honorary Regents," and were chosen " from the body of the State by the official and appointed members." The law expressly declared that the Regents should not be regarded as public officers, but should be deemed as discharging exclusively a public trust. The Charter of the Universit}^ was approved March 23, 1 868. Two days previously, on March 21, the Governor had approved an Act, under which the Board of Regents incorporated as the gov- erning body of the Universit}^ The Political Code of California, which went into operation on January i, 1873, made several changes in the constitution of the Board of Regents, as well as various modifications in the law governing the THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 289 University. These do not seem to have been fully considered by the framers of the Code in their bearing upon the working of the institution. The Regents are declared by the Code to be civil executive ofhcers of the State. The class of " Honorary Regents," elected by the appointed and ex-officio members, is abolished, and all, except the ex-offiao Regents, are appointed, as vacancies occur, by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate. Their term of office is fixed at sixteen years. An Act of the Legislature of 1873-74 made the President of the University for the time being ex officio a mem- ber of the Board. Sectarian and ecclesiasti- cal influences were precluded by the Charter, in a provision which required that a majority of the Board should not be " of any one religious sect, or of no religious sect." The final seal was set by Section 9, of Article IX, of the Constitution of the State, which was adopted in 1879, providing as follows: "The University of Califor- nia shall constitute a public trust, and its organization and govern- ment shall be perpetually continued in the form and character prescribed by the Organic Act creating the same, passed March twenty-third, eighteen hundred and sixty-eight (and the several Acts amendatory thereof), subject only to such legislative control as may be necessary to insure compliance with the terms of its endowments and the proper investment and security of its funds. It shall be entirely independent of all political or sectarian influence, and kept free therefrom in the appointment of its Regents, and in the administration of its affairs." The Board, in its first meetings, established a number of standing committees, among which the work of administration was distributed. J. WEST MARTIN 290 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The original number was twelve, the object being to interest every member of the Board in some department of the University's service. The practical working of the plan was to diffuse responsibility and to lessen interest. Then, at the instance of President Oilman, a sort of central committee was established as an advisory body to the President in the discharge of his duties. This committee was appointed by ballot, and consisted of five members, three of whom were to be residents of Alameda County. This committee was known at the time as the Advisory Committee, and later as the Committee on Instruction and Visitation. It was abolished in 1883. But in 1890 it was reestablished under the name of the Committee on Internal Administration, with three members. The standing committees were reduced to five in number, but, with the expansion of the University, have been increased to eight. Bach committee consists of three members nominated by the Board, and confirmed by the President of the Board, or Governor. The titles of these committees are as follows : I. Finance and Audit; 2. Internal Administration; 3. Law; 4. Grounds and Buildings; 5. Library and Museum; 6. Lick Observa- tory ; 7. Congressional Land Grant ; 8. United States Agricultural Experiment Stations. These committees are specially charged with the immediate care and supervision of the subject-matters indicated by their titles. The President of the University is a member of each standing committee, without a vote. The first Board consisted of a distinguished group of men. Governor Haight endeavored to carry out his view of the University Regency by appointing men who would be representative of many interests, opinions and ideas. Accordingly, his appointees were Samuel Merritt, John T. Doyle, Richard P. Hammond, John W. Dwinelle, Horatio Stebbins, Lawrence Archer, William Watt and Samuel Bell McKee, all men who have left an impress on the history of California. The ex-officio members of the first Board were H. H. Haight, Governor; William Holden, Lieutenant-Governor; C. T. Ryland, Speaker; O. P. Fitzgerald THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 291 Superintendent of Public Instruction ; Charles F. Reed, President of the State Agricultural Society, and Andrew S. Hallidie, President of the Mechanics' Institute. These representative men added lustre to their body by electing as "Honorary Regents" Isaac Friedlander, Edward Tompkins, J. Mora Moss, S. F. Butterworth, A. J. Moulder, A. J. Bowie, F. F. Low, and John B. Felton. Regent J. West Martin, on the occasion of the death of John S. Hager in 1890, said : . " Regent Hager was promi- nent and conspicuous in that galaxy ,,• ' ^. of distinguished men who consti- '*^^^ tuted the first Regency of the University of California, — gentle- men selected from the State at large, with special reference to their high character, and for their recognized ability and learning, to inaugurate and lay deep and strong the foundations of the University in conformity with the law of its organization. Governor Haight, Holden, Friedlander, Tompkins, Butterworth, Ralston, Felton, Dwindle, Moss, Merritt, and later. Watt, Casserly, McKee, Winans, Ashburner, Redding; — most of these Regents had gone over the dark waters before him, but their names and their fame will be found written upon every page of the records of the University, in testi- mony of their fidelity to the high trust of the Regencj', and will stand as a monument to their memory forever." The terms of the first Regents were so allotted that they expired, two at a time, on March first of each even-numbered 3/ear. Many changes took place in the first few years, b}' resignation or by expiration of the shorter terms. Regent F. F. Low was succeeded by W. C. Ralston, and Regent Moulder, resigning to accept the secretary- ship of the Board, was succeeded by John S. Hager. J. West Martin ANDREW S. HALLIDIE 292 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA succeeded Regent Watt in 1871, and before 1880 John F. Swift, Joseph W. Winans, William Meek, J. M. Hamilton, D. O. Mills, Frank M. Pixley, William T. Wallace, John L. Beard, Eugene Casserly, and George Davidson, became members of the Board. In 1880 there were iive changes by the accession of A. L. Rhodes, B. B. Redding, William Ashburner, John Bidwell, and T. G. Phelps. Between 1880 and 1885, I. W. Hellman, George T. Marye, Jr., Arthur Rodgers, George J. Ainsworth, and D. M. Delmas, were appointed Regents, all of these still continuing in the government of the University except Mr. Delmas. Since 1886 Albert Miller, Columbus Bartlett, Charles F. Crocker, James F. Houghton, Chester A. Rowell, James A. Wa3'mire, Henry S. Foote, and Charles W. Slack, have received the honorable appointment of Regent. They are all men of eminent position in the State, prominent and esteemed in their several professions and vocations. The Com- mittee work is distributed among them according to their special adaptations. Regent Hallidie is Chairman of the Committee on Finance, and with him are associated the bank presidents. Regents Miller and Hellman ; Regent Marye is Chairman of the Committee on Internal Administration ; Regent Wallace, of the Law Committee ; Regent Martin, of the Committee on Grounds and Buildings; Regent Bartlett, of the Committee on Library and Museum ; Regent Phelps, of the Committee on the Lick Observatory ; Regent Rodgers, of the Committee on Congressional Land Grant ; and Regent Houghton, of the Committee on the United States Experiment Stations. Regent Foote is a member of the Committees on Law and Lick Observa- tory; Regent Crocker, of the Committees on Internal Administration, Grounds, and Lick Observatory ; Regent Slack, of the Committees on Library and Land Grant ; and Regent Waymire, of the Committee on Library. Andrew S. Hallidie, as President of the Mechanics' Institute, was ex officio Regent of the University from its organization to 1877. In 1873 he was also elected Honorary Regent to succeed Regent Butterworth, but resigned that position the following year. He was GEORGE T. MARYE, Jr. ARTHUR RODGERS JAMES A. WAYMIRE WILLIAM T, WALLACE HENRY S. FOOTE TIMOTHY GUY PHELPS REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 294 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA again appointed Regent in 1876 to succeed Regent Meek for the full term of sixteen years, and again in 1S92 for a like term to succeed himself. In 1S93 he was elected President of the Mechanics' Institute, and as such holds also the position of ex-officio Regent. Mr. Hallidie was born of Scotch parentage in 1S35. He came to California in 1852, was at first engaged in building and road construction, later in mining, and, in 1858, he established himself in business in San Francisco. He was educated for a civil and mechanical engineer. His inventive genius Avas trained and developed in the pursuit of his profession. He has taken out a great number of inventions, the best known among which are, perhaps, the cable railway system and the Hallidie ropeway. He has been a liberal correspondent of the press, and his articles on skilled labor organization and on kindred subjects have attracted wide attention. While he has never occupied any political office, he has been prominently connected with scientific, technical and industrial societies and associations. He is a Trustee of the California School of Mechanical Arts founded by James Lick. As Regent Mr. Hallidie has been most active throughout the entire history of the University. He acted as Secretary at the prelim- inary meeting called for the organization of the Board. When the South Hall was in course of construction, Mr. Hallidie was on the Building Committee, and he and other members made the long journey to then uninhabited Berkeley, they being obliged to carry their lunches with them. From 1S73 he has been Chairman of the Finance Committee, and much of the distingnished financial success of the Board in handling the funds of the University must be attributed to him. The first donation to the Library was made by him in 1869, and within a few years he has given a highly valuable collection of seven hundred volumes of rare old theological works. J. West Martin, the senior member among the appointed Regents, began his indefatigable services to the University in 187 1 as successor to Regent Watt. He has labored unceasingly and unselfishly for the institution in which he has taken the liveliest interest and pride. He \ COLUMBUS BARTLETT JAMES F. HOUGHTON CHARLES F. CROCKER GEORGE J. AINSWORTH CHESTER ROWELL ISAIAS W. HELLMAN REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 296 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA has been its unhesitating friend at all times. Resident in Oakland and Chairman of the Committee on Buildings and Grounds, he has made it his personal duty to constantly watch the progress of the University. Along with Regents Winans and Hager he was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1S7S-79, and there did noble service for the cause of higher education. His thorough and accurate knowledge of the University's affairs was of the greatest value at that time. His speech on the administration of the land grants and on the consolidation of the funds vindicated before the Convention the management of the University. Horatio Stebbins was born in Massachusetts and was graduated at Harvard in 184S. In 1869 he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Bowdoin College. He came to California in 1864 as the minister of the First Unitarian Church in San Francisco. He was a Trustee of the College of California, and, as we have seen, was largely instrumental in securing the merger of that institution with the projected State institution of applied science. As he was one of the progenitors of the University, so he became one of its largest-minded exponents and supporters. He was appointed Regent in 1868, and with a second appointment continued in the office until 1894. He labored always to give breadth and scholarship to the University. The Secretary of the Board of Regents, according to the Charter, has highly important and almost impossible duties to perform. He is to have charge of the records of the Board, and keep account of all moneys received; to correspond with agricultural societies, with Euro- pean mining schools, and with the Government offices at Washington. He has to disseminate information on agriculture, the mechanic arts, mining and metallurgy, and to distribute seeds and plants to farmers and others, as well as to obtain contributions for the museums and library. The first Secretary was Andrew J. Moulder, of whom we have had occasion to speak in the very early history of the University idea. He was succeeded in 1874 by R. E. C. Stearns, who discharged the duties of the office until 1881. Mr. Stearns then resigned to THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 297 enter upon more congenial scientific work in the Smithsonian Insti- tution. He was succeeded by J. H. C. Bonte. Dr. Bonte has brought into the administration of his office an unlimited zeal. The scrupulous exactitude with which he conducts the aff"airs of the University renders any irregularities, whether willful or unintentional, well nigh impossible. The most skillful and successful management has characterized the financial administration of the University by the Regents. Under the hardest pressure they have kept within the means available. They have kept the funds intact whenever possible, preserving the principal and expending the interest alone. They realized on the lands granted by Congress higher rates than were secured by scarcely any other State. As illustrative of their financial -^f- , management, the cases of the Reese Library Fund and the D. O. Mills Endowment may be cited. Mr. Reese gave $50,000. Since 1881 this has pro- duced in interest $46,119.59, all of which has been expended in the purchase of books, and the principal remains intact. Mr. Mills gave $75,000 for a Professor- ship of Philosophy. This has given the albert miller Mills Professor since 1884 an annual income of $4,000, and the principal has grown, by the addition of surplus interest, to $97,976.83. They have dealt in millions, and not a dollar has gone astray. The sources of the University's income are three: (i) Congres- sional grants; (2) State appropriations; and (3) private benefactions. From Congress the State received by an Act, approved March 3, 1853, seventy-two sections of land for the use of a "seminary of learning," and ten sections for the erection of "public buildings." By the Act of July 2, 1862, which may be designated as the " First Morrill Act," the State received one hundred and fifty thousand acres of public lands for the "endowment, support and maintenance of at least one 298 .THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA college where the leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classical studies, and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts." By the " Hatch Experiment Station Act," approved March 2, 1S87, Congress granted to each State fifteen thousand dollars annual income for the establishment of an " agricultural experiment station," in connection with any college formed under the " First Morrill Act." And on August 30, 1890, by the "Second Morrill Act," Congress granted to each State, " for the more complete endow- ment and maintenance of colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the mechanic arts," the sum of $15,000 for the first year, and an annual increase of this amount by an additional sum of $1,000, until the income of such colleges from this source should be $25,000, At first, and before the Federal grants began to produce an income, the State appropriations were inadequate and uncertain. On March 30, 1868, the Legislature granted the sum of $200,000, to be realized from the sale of swamp lands, and two years later, on April 2, 1870, an Act provided for the sale of certain marsh and tide lands sufficient to yield an annual income of $50,000, this money to be placed to the credit of the University and to constitute a permanent endowment fund. In the interim, before this could be realized, $50,000 were, on March 30, 1874, appropriated for the current expenses of the University. From 1872 to 1885, the Legislature, by various special appropriations, for the erection, furnishing and repair of build- ings, for the purchase of scientific apparatus, for the library, and for the improvement of the grounds, granted $676,699. By 1887 the inadequacy of the income of the University had become so apparent, and the necessity of periodic appeals to the Legislature so undesirable, that the Act of February 14 was passed, giving the University a regular income. The terms of this Act, of which the history has already been given, are as follows: "Section i. There is hereby levied, annually, for each fiscal year, an 'ad valorem ' tax of one cent upon each one hundred dollars of value of the taxable property of the State, which tax shall be collected by the several ofiicers charged with the collection of State taxes, in the same manner and at the same time as other State THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 299 taxes are collected, upon all or any class of property, which tax is for the support of the University of California. "Sec. 2. The State Board of Equalization, at the time when it annually determines the rate of State taxes to be collected, must, at the same time, declare the levy of said rate of one cent, and notify the Auditor and Board of Super- visors of each county thereof " Sec. 3. The money col- lected from said rate, after deduct- ing the proportionate share of expenses of collecting the same to which other State taxes are sub- ject, must be paid into the State Treasury, and be by the State Treasurer converted into a separate fund, hereby created, to be called the 'State University Fund.' "Sec. 4. The mone}^ paid into the said ' State University Fund' is hereby appropriated, without reference to fiscal years, for the use and support of the University of California, and is exempted from the provisions of part three, title one, article eighteen, of an Act entitled, ' An Act to establish a political code,' approved March twelfth, eighteen hundred and seventy- two, relating to the Board of Examiners. When there is any money in the said fund, the same may be drawn out upon the order of the Board of Regents of the University of Cali- fornia, or such officers of the Board as may be duly authorized thereto. Upon the receipt of the order, the Controller must draw his warrant upon the State Treasurer, payable to the order of the Treas- urer of the University of California, out of the said 'State University Fund.' "Sec. 5. The money derived from said fund must be applied only to the support and permanent improvement of the University, and the Board of Regents must include in its biennial report to the Governor a statement of the manner and for what purposes the money was expended. R. E. c. STEARNS " Sec. 6. This Act takcs cffcct immediately." LOUIS SLOSS, SR. 300 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 111 the third category, the resources from private benefactions, are to be noted first the magnificent material donations of the College of California. From the old College the University received its superb Berkeley site of nearly two hundred acres, since increased by purchase to two hundred and forty-five acres, and four blocks of land, with buildings, in Oakland. This latter property, known as the Brayton property, netted the University $87,505. Toland Hall, given by Dr. H. H. Toland, and the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, given by Edward F. Searles, Esq., produce no income. The gift of James Lick resulted in the construction of the Lick Observatory at a cost of over $600,000, leaving a balance for an endowment of $90,000. S. C. Hastings paid $100,000 into the State Treasury on condition that an annual interest of seven per centum should be allowed for the maintenance of the Hastings College of the Law. Michael Reese gave the University $50,000 for the Library. D. O. Mills gave $75,000 for the maintenance of a Professorship of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy and Civil Polity. F. L. A. Pioche gave $5,000 for the placing of his gifts of works of art, of which a balance of $2,800 is used for the purchase of books. Mrs. Phebe A. Hearst gives an annual sum of $2,400 for scholarships for young women. Dr. C. M. Hitchcock left a contingent bequest of perhaps $70,000 dollars, not yet received by the University, for a professor- ship in science. Edward Tompkins donated land of the value of $50,000 for the maintenance of a Professorship of Oriental Languages and Literatures. And J. C. Wilmerding has left the University by will a bequest of $400,000 for the establishment of a School of Industrial Arts. In 1878, in order to simplify the accounts, to provide for funds not incorporated in any endowments, and to encourage the enlargement and perpetuation of a general endowment fund, the Legislature on March 19 passed the following Act : " Section i. That the entire principal sums which have been or may be hereafter realized from the several sources of income and endowment funds of the University of California, to wit, the principal sum derived from the sale of lands granted to the State of California by Act of Congress, approved July 2, 1862, and THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 3OI amendments thereto, and the principal sum derived from the sale of the seventy-two (72) sections of land granted to the State of California for the use of a seminary of learning, by Act of Congress, approved March 3, 1853, and the principal sum derived from the sale of the ten (10) sections of land granted to the State of California for public buildings, by said Act of Congress, approved March 3, 1853, and the principal sum which the Treasurer of the State of California was directed, by Act of the Legisla- ture, approved April 2, 1870, to place to the credit of the University Fund, and which, being invested in the bonds of the State or of the United States, should yield an annual income of fiftj' thousand dollars, and the principal sum now remaining on hand derived from the sale of the real estate in Oakland, Alameda County, and State of California, known as the ' Brayton property,' shall be, from time to time, as the same is realized, invested in stocks of the United States or of the State, or other safe stocks or bonds yielding not less than five (5 ) per centum upon the par value of said stocks or bonds ; and the money so invested shall constitute a perpetual fund, to be known and desig- nated as the 'Consolidated Perpetual Endowment Fund of the University OF California, ' the capital of which shall remain forever undiminished ; provided, that any monej^s realized from said sources of income or endowment funds, or either of them, which have been heretofore invested according to law, may remain so invested ; and it is further provided, that all such stocks and bonds as aforesaid shall be deposited in the State Treasury to the credit of said fund, and shall be kept separate and apart from all other funds by the State Treasurer, who shall pay over, from time to time, all interest, profits, income, or revenue, arising from such stocks or bonds, to the Treasurer of said University, upon the demand or order of the Regents of the University. ' ' Sec. 2. That all interests, profits, or revenue, arising from or growing out of the said ' Consolidated Perpetual Endowment Fund of the University of California,' shall be placed in the general fund of the University, and subject to disbursement to meet the current annual expenses of the University of California. "Sec. 3. That all Acts or parts of Acts in conflict herewith are hereby repealed." The Constitution of 1879, fixing the organization and government of the University, made it "subject only to such legislative control as may be necessary to insure compliance with the terms of its endow- ments and the proper investment and security of its funds." In regard to the Congressional grants the Constitution provided " that all the moneys derived from the sale of public lands donated to this State by Act of Congress, approved July 2, 1862, and the several Acts amendatory thereof, shall be invested, as provided by said Acts of Congress, and the interest of said moneys shall be inviolably appropriated to the endowment, support, and maintenance of at least one College of Agriculture, where the leading objects shall be (without excluding other scientific and classical studies, and including military tactics) to teach such branches of learning as are related to scientific and practical agriculture and the mechanic arts, in 302 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA accordance with the requirements and conditions of said Acts of Congress ; and the L,egislature shall provide that if, through neglect, misappropriation, or any other con- tingency, any portion of the fund so set apart shall be diminished or lost, the State shall replace such portions so lost or misappropriated, so that the principal thereof shall remain forever undiminished." The condition of the property and funds of the University may be recapitulated as follows : PROPERTY. The plant at Berkeley : 245m, acres Ten main buildings $640,000 Apparatus and furnishings 345,000 The plant at Mount Hamilton 600,000 Toland Hall, San Francisco 20,000 Unsold land 35)000 Mark Hopkins Institute of Art 600,000 CONSOLIDATED PERPETUAL ENDOWMENT FUND. 1. Tide Land Fund $829,750 00 2. Seminary Land Fund 67,228 34 3. Public Building Fund 7)733 93 4. Congressional Grant of 150,000 Acres . 719,548 46 5. Braytou Property Fund 87,505 00 SPECIAL FUNDS. Hastings College of the Law. $100,000 00 Lick Observatory Fund 90,000 00 Reese Library Fund .... 50,000 00 D. O. Mills Endowment. 98,903 35 University Medal Fund 3,677 40 Bdward Tompkins Endowment ($38,406.63 now available) 50,000 00 F. L. A. Pioche Donation 2,865 34 Frank J. Walton Memorial Loan Fund. . . i, 955 05 J. C. Wilmerding Bequest (not yet available) . 400,000 00 C. M. Hitchcock Contingent Bequest .... Phebe Hearst Scholarships (annually). . . . 2,400 00 THE REGENTS AND THE FINANCES 303 The Le Conte Memorial Fellowship Fund, of $8,000, is in the control of the Alumni Association; the Harvard Club Scholarship, of $250 annually, is given by the Harvard Club of San Francisco; the Hinckley Scholarship, of $300 annually, is in the custody of a special Board of Trustees. The State tax of one cent on each $100 valuation has yielded : For 18S7-88, $76,580,79; for 1888-89, $93,348-38; for 1889-90, $101,205.89; for 1890-91, $102,434.52; for 1891-92, $119,830.12; for 1892-93, $115,575.06; for 1893-94, $118,123.39; for 1894-95 (estimated), $116,978.10. The Regents have contributed, from their side, to the large success of the University. They have inspired a confidence in the community that they will guard all the resources of the institution with sagacity and foresight. They have disposed of Congressional grants to the greatest advantage ; they have faithfully administered the State appropriations in accordance with the will of the Legis- lature ; tbey have protected and enlarged the funds arising from private benefactions. CHAPTER XIII THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. THE INCREASING number of students, the broadening character of the Universitj^, the growing population of Berkeley, have had a transforming effect on undergraduate life. The isolation of the first j^ears at Berkeley told on the general mode of life of the student. The unrestraint of the seventies cannot be tolerated in the nineties, not only because of the change in the local environment, but also because college traditions of the more frivolous sort are being everywhere outgrown. The larger part of the life of the student at Berkeley has always been commendable, and all the stu- dents, with but a very small percentage, have worked toward the higher intellectual aims. The meliorating influences observable at Berkeley have been manifested in all the larger American Colleges, and a yet higher type of student is being evolved in California as elsewhere in the United States. In writing the history of the University the work of the students has been necessarily involved. The students have been a part of the general development which we have attempted to unfold ; and it is not now possible to enter upon an analysis of the changes in undergraduate life. The utmost we can do is to set forth some of the features and organizations which lie apart from class and lecture room. The undergraduates at Berkeley are combined together in a voluntary body known as the Associated Students of the University' of California. This is the official organization of the students, and is in its nature a primary democracy. It performs legislative and 3o6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA executive functions. Its chief task is to settle officially all matters of general student interest. It has shown itself competent, in one or more directions, to control student conduct, and thereby to improve the moral tone of the University. While this body includes students of both sexes, there is also another, the Associated Women Students, formed to care for the interests peculiar to the young women of the University. STILES HALL In the autumn of 1891, Mrs. A. J. Stiles of Berkeley made an offer to the Young Men's Christian Association of the University of California of twenty-five thousand dollars, on condition that they should raise a like amount, for the erection of a building for the uses of the Association. As there was practically no response to this offer, Mrs. Stiles determined to erect a building at her own expense for somewhat different uses. In accordance with her inten- tions a corporation was formed under the name, ' The Trustees of THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 307 Stiles Hall,' and under its supervision, and by her gifts, Stiles Hall was built for the religious and social uses of the students of the University, without distinction of creed. The articles of incorpora- tion provide that the building shall be used by the Young Men's Christian Association, the Young Women's Christian Association, and by such other religious associations as shall from time arise in the University. Further, it may be used by any other student ASSEMBLY ROOM, STILES HALL organizations, so far as this use may not interfere with the religious uses of the building. There is no preference given to any sect. The building stands on the corner of Allston Way and Dana Street, opposite one of the main entrances to the Universit}^ grounds. It is constructed mainly of brick, with some part of the second story covered with shingles of Oregon cedar. It is altogether the most effective building connected with the University. The architect was Mr. Clinton Day. The first floor is occupied by rooms suitable ^o8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA for social purposes. There is a room for the young ladies, of which they have exclusive control, a general assembly room suitable for meetings or for social gatherings, and a library in which is a collection of books known as the Amies Library, the greater part of the books having been given by Mr. Wm. D. Arraes in memory of his father. In addition to these rooms on the same floor are a kitchen and an ofi&ce. The second story consists mainly of a large auditorium, which is used for student meetings and is rented for other purposes. The usefulness of the building is made clear by the number of organizations which find a home within its walls. Not only the Christian associations, but the debating societies, the Glee Club, and various student bodies, make this their headquarters. It is very beautifully furnished, and is provided with every con- venience for social meetings. It is still a problem how the running expenses of the Hall are to be met. These expenses are the cost of fuel, gas, care, insurance, taxes and repairs. They have thus far been met partially by gifts and by the rent of the auditorium. There must be a constant appeal to the friends of the University for help in this matter. The house was built by Mrs. Stiles out of love for the University and as a memorial to her husband. The following inscription is written on the mantel of the main room : In memory of Anson Gale StilEvS : those nearest him in love and kinship built ANSON GALE STILES THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY ^09 THIS HOUSE FOR THE KINGDOM OE God'S SAKE, A. D. MDCCCXCII : Jesus saith unto him : I am the way, the truth and the life. Mrs. Asliburner gave, as a memorial to her husband, Regent Ashburner, the clock in the Bacon Library. Of debating societies there are two, the Durant-Neolean Student Congress and the Bushnell Union. The Durant-Neolean is a consol- idation of two quondam rival organizations. After passing through many characters and degrees of activity, these two societies were com- bined into a Congress. There is no exact analogue of this Congress, which is composite in its nature, consisting of senators and a respon- sible minister, and conducting its business according to the procedure of the House of Representatives. The Bushnell Union was established in 1892 as a literary and debating society. Debating is the main interest of the Union, but attention is also given to papers and discussions of a general literary character. An annual debate is held by the Berkeley students with students of the Hastings College of the Law, which maintains its debating society, as well as with the students of Stanford University. A flourishing society, known as the German Literary and Dramatic Club, pursues the study of the German language and literature. For this purpose it indulges in regular weekly literary meetings and in occasional plays and picnics. The Philosophical Union was organized June 24, 1S89, by students of philosophy called together for the purpose by Professor Howison. Its constitution declares its objects to be : Tlie improvement of the members in the knowledge of philosophy ; the increase of its control over their aims and conduct ; the formation of a definite bond among them, and the strengthening of their sympathy, particularly in regard to their common pursuit of philosophy ; the awakening of interest in philosophy and the dissemination of knowledge of it, among all persons on whom they can exert an influence ; and, in particular, the maintenance, at the seat of the University, of a central association for philosophical study and discussion. The Science Association was organized' in December, 1891, "to promote intercourse between those who are cultivating science, and to 3IO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA give a stronger and more general impulse and more systematic direction to scientific research at the University of California." Its membership consists of: (i) Corporate members, who must be officers, graduates, or graduate students of the University; (2) Associate members, who may be undergraduates, " or such other persons, not eligible to corporate membership, as desire to avail themselves of the privileges of the association and to promote its objects;" and (3) Patrons. The association holds eight general meetings each year, and frequent separate sectional meetings are held in the following special depart- ments of science; (i) Mathematics and Astronomy; (2) Chemistry; (3) Geology and Mineralogy; (4) Botany; (5) Zoology; (6) Economic Science. The Longfellow Memorial Association was organized in 1883, at the suggestion of Professor A. S. Cook. It is affiliated with the parent society at Cambridge. Its aim is to combine a study of general literature with social recreation, and to promote, by contact v/ith good society, social intercourse of an elevated character amongst the students. A large contingent of the membership is from the residents of Berkeley, and the meetings are held once a month, usually in the parlors of some Berkeley home. The journalistic spirit has always been active at the University, and its products have usually been of a high and worthy order. The first permanent journal was the College Echo^ whose first number appeared in January, 1S68, with W. D. Harwood, '66, C. A. Wet- more, '68, and Clinton Day, '68, as editors. After the University took the place of the College, this periodical was renamed the University Echo. Its first number appeared in March, 1871, and its first editorial staff consisted of F. H. Whitworth, '71, Josephine Lindley, '74, and E. B. Pomroy, '71. The Echo was, in a degree, the exponent of the Durant Rhetorical Society, and, after its rival, the Neolaean Society, had come upon the field, a new journal called the Neolcsan Review appeared. Its first issue was in March, 1873, and its first editors were C. D. Stuart, '74, and Lafayette Hoyt Smith, '75 (now L- H. de Friese, a successful lawyer in London, England). THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY ^U After the removal of the University to Berkeley, a consolidation of the Echo and Neolcean was effected under the name of The Berke- leyan. The first number of this vi^ell-known paper appeared in January, 1874. Its first editorial staff consisted of John R. Farrell, '74, J. C. Rowell, '74, L. H. Smith (de Friese), '75, F. L. Foster, '76, and W. W. Van Arsdale, '74. It took on a temporary magazine form in 1878, with T. O. Toland, '78, J. B. Clow, '78, F. Mandlebaura, '78, G. McNeill, '79, and J. D. McGillivray, '79, as editors. And again, in 1887, in its twenty-third volume, it assumed the magazine form, under the editorship of Adolph C. Miller, '87, Mary L. White, '87, Catharine E. Wilson, '87, W. C. Gregory, '87, and James Sutton, '88. Mr. Sutton became, later, its chief editor. The Berkeleyan was again reorganized as a weekly in February, 1893, with a large editorial staff: Jesse P. Sayre, '93, H. W. Stuart, '93, Edwin Mays, '93, L. de F. Bartlett, '93, Maida Castelhun, '94, George H. Boke, '94, H. M. Wright, '94, Benjamin Weed, '94, A. W. North, '95, J. C. Meyerstein, '94, and Raymond J. Russ, '96. The latest phase in the evolution of The Berkeleyan took place in January, 1895, when it began its appearance four times a week. Its management is composed of Arthur W. North, '95, Chief Editor; John G. Howell, Jr., '96, Business Manager; Harry H. Hirst, '96, Managing Editor; and H. C. Wyckoff, '96, F. W. Koch, '96, A. O. Lovejoy, '95, and Gertrude Henderson, '95, Associate Editors. This latest form is a mark of the development of the University. In September, 1876, The Besojii, with a two-years' lease of life, appeared, with Theodore Gray, '77, and P. T. Riley, '77, as editors ; and in February, 1878, to last for one year, The CEstrus^ with W. H. Chapman, '79, R. A. Poppe, '79, H. R. Havens, '79, W. C. Deal, '80, and W. E. Osborn, '80, as editors. The radical nature of these journals is indicated by their names. The Occident made its first appearance on August 11, 1881, and has preserved an uninterrupted and successful existence as a weekly. It began with a reforming motive, which it has never wholly lost. Its first editorial staff was composed of C. H. Oatman, '82, Chief 312 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Editor, and Florence Bartling, '83, Caroline E. Ee Conte, '84, D. S. Dorn, '82, A. Ruef, '83, Fred H. Clark, '82, and W. A. Beatty, '84, Associate Editors. The Blue and Gold has appeared yearly since 1874, as the Junior Annual, representing the student organizations and the lighter side of college life. There is now anno;rnced, to appear in the spring of 1895, a magazine of high literary grade, to be known as the University of California Magazine. This publication will appear eight times a 3'ear. It is under student management, acting under Faculty and Alumni advice. Its first Boards are announced as follows : "Board of Editors: Counselors — Professor William Care}' Jones and Professor Thomas R. Bacon ; ex-o/ficio Alumni Editors — The President and Secretary of the University of California Alumni Association ; Undergraduate Editors — Arthur O. Love- joy, '95 (Chief Editor); Will H. Gorrill, '95, Gertrude Henderson, '95, Raymond J. Russ, '96, G. M. Fisher, '96, Lou De.^ter Whipple, '96. Board of Managers — Bernard P. Miller, '97 (chief business manager j, F. G. Reinhardt, '97." The religious spirit of the student body became manifest on the organization of the Young Men's Christian iVssociation on October t6, 1884. Previously to this there was an association known as the University Bible Students, dating from the spring of 1878. The object of the Y. M. C. A. is the promotion of grace and Christian fellowship among its members, and the encouragement of aggressive Christian work for and by the students. During its first vears it was weak and passive. But in 1887 the visit of L- D. Wishard, then Intercollegiate Secretary of the Y. M. C. A., inspired the Association with new life. In 1888 the Association was incorporated. In February, 1892, the State Intercollegiate Convention was held in Berkeley, and its effect on the prosperity of the Y. M. C. A. was great. At about the same time came a proposition from Mrs. A. J. Stiles to erect a building which should serve as a home for the Christian Associations. In the fall of 1892 the Association was strengthened by the addition of Mr. Harry Hillard to the force of its of&cers. The membership has greatly increased. Meetings are held weekly, and are given to devotional exercises, including the discussion of '>V f-/ g "\ IV ) O O z 314 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA some practical question of religious conduct. The management of the Association is carried on by a system of committees. In the fall of 1894, Mr. D. Barrows, who had succeeded Mr. Hillard as General Secretary, organized, in conjunction with Dr. Fred E. Haynes of the Faculty, a Boys' Club at West Berkeley. The movement is along the line of many similar undertakings by college students in various places, such as the Yale Mission at New Haven. While not directly under the management of the Association, it derives financial and other material support from the Y. M. C. A. The Young Women's Christian Association was organized by a meeting of seventeen of the students on March 10, 1890. The first officers were: Elsie B. Lee, '89, President; Cora Williams, '91, Vice-President ; Rose M. Dobbins, '90, Corresponding Secretary ; May L. McLean, '89, Recording Secretary ; Henrietta Brewer, '95, Treasurer ; and Minnie Bunker, '89, and Emily C. Clark, '89, State Executive Committee. The progress of the Association was at first slow, difficult, and almost discouraging, but the spirit of the young women was undaunted. They found their success at last on the realization of Mrs. Stiles' noble gift. The Women's Association holds four regular meetings each month, two devotional in their nature, one social, and one joint meeting with the Y. M. C. A. A most important reception is given at the opening of each academic year to the new students of the University. Occasional teas are also given. The successive Presidents have been Elsie B. Lee, '89, Sarah M. Hardy, '92, Cecilia Raymond, '95, Henrietta Brewer, '95, and Bertha Oliver, '96. The membership is about one hundred and forty. The Society for the Study of Ethics and Religions was organized in 1892. Its meetings are held in Stiles Hall once in two weeks. The object of the Society is to study the various religions of the world and the ethical systems more or less closely related to them. The organization is entirely non-sectarian. In the way of music, the well-known Glee Club exerts an esthetic influence upon college life. It gives many successful concerts THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 31^ during the year, sometimes, during vacations, going on extended tours either north or south. It has contained voices of rare quality. The University of California Choral Union was formed in 1894, at the instance of Mr. D. W. Loring and of Professor C. M. Gayley, for the purpose of the study of master pieces of choral song, cantatas, and oratorios. The President of the University is ex-officto President of the Choral Union, and the Faculty is represented on the Executive Com- mittee. The Union was developed out of the previously existing Arion Club. Mr. Loring's acknowledged ability as musician and conductor and his unselfish devotion to the cause of music are suflScient guarantee of the aims and success of the Union. The social impulses of the students found means of gratification very early in the organization in the University of the traditional American College Greek-Letter Fraternities. It had been the desire of the writer to give a somewhat detailed account of this aspect of student life, but the incomplete returns given to his requests for information render this impracticable. The general data which we give as to the numbers of Chapters and membership throughout the United States are, as a rule, for the year 1890. The first Greek-Letter Fraternity established at the University was the Iota Chapter of the Zeta Psi, organized in 1870. The parent chapter of this Fraternity was formed at the University of the City of New York in 1846. Active chapters, 20; inactive, 10; membership, 3,590- The second Fraternity established was the California Alpha of the Phi Delta Theta, in 1873. It was suspended in 1877 and reor- ganized in 1886. Parent chapter, Miami University, 1848. Active chapters, 66; inactive, 17; membership, 7,286. The Lambda Chapter of the Chi Phi Fraternity was established in 1875. Parent chapter, Princeton, 1854. Active chapters, 21 ; iuac- active, 23; membership, 3,147. The Theta Zeta Chapter of the Delta Kappa Epsilon Fraternity was established in 1876. Parent chapter, Yale, 1844. Active chapters, 34; inactive, 13; membership, 10,353. 3.6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The Omega Chapter of the Beta Theta Pi Fraternity was estab- lished in 1879. Parent chapter, Miami University, 1839. Active chapters, 60; inactive, 19; membership, 8,051. The Alpha Beta Chapter of the Sigma Chi was established in 1886. Parent chapter, Miami University, 1855. Active chapters, 38 ; inactive, 24; membership, 4,001. ZETA PSl CLUB HOUSE The Delta Xi Chapter of the Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity was established in 1886. Parent chapter, Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, 1848. Active chapters, 40; inactive, 23; membership, 4,244. The Omega Chapter of the Kappa Alpha Theta Fraternity was established in 1S90. The parent chapter was formed at De Pauw University in 1870, and was the first women's fraternity organized with principles and methods akin to those of the Greek-Letter societies. Active chapters, 20; inactive, 6; membership, 1,180. THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY VI The Beta Psi Chapter of the Sigma Nu Fraternity was established in 1892. Parent chapter, Virginia Military Institute, 1869. Active chapters, 34 ; inactive, 7; membership, 971. The Omicron Delta Fraternity was established in 1892 at the University of California, where its Alpha Chapter is. The Beta Chapter has been established at the Leland Stanford Junior University. BETA THETA PI CLUB HOUSE The Eta Chapter of the Gamma Phi Beta Sororitj- was established in 1894, and grew out of a local organization, known as the Tau Delta, which had been formed at Berkeley the year previous. Parent chapter, Syracuse University, 1874. Active chapters, 7 ; membership, 450- The Omega Alpha is a local fraternity, organized under the supervision of the Delta Upsilon Fraternity. The Delta Upsilon is a non-secret fraternity, founded at Williams College in 1834. Active chapters, 26; inactive, 6; membership, 4,871. 3l8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA The California Beta Chapter of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fra- ternity was established in 1894. Parent chapter, University of Alabama, 1856. Active chapters, 31; inactive, 33; membership, 2,342. In October, 1894, a branch of the New York Sorosis was extended to a group of young ladies in the University. The New York Sorosis, founded in 1868, is the oldest woman's club in America. It has for its object the promotion of agreeable and useful relations among women of literary, artistic and scientific tastes, and the establishment of an order which will render women helpful to one another and actively benevolent in tbe world. There is a San Francisco branch of the Sorosis, with which the University branch has intimate con- nections. The University Sorosis is organized on a plan somewhat similar to that of the Fraternities, and its objects and methods are, to a certain extent, secret. The Pomefoy Chapter of the Phi Delta Phi Fraternity was estab- lished at the Hastings College of the Law in 1884. Parent chapter, Law Department, University of Michigan, 1869. Active chapters, 16; inactive, i; membership, 1,577. The Delta Sigma Delta Fraternity, Zeta Chapter, was established in the College of Dentistry in 1891 by Dr. Wm. Fuller Sharp of Gamma Chapter (Harvard). It is composed entirely of dentists and students of dentistry. In the direction of athletic sports, the students did very little in a systematic way until late in the seventies. Baseball, football, boating, target-shooting, were all attempted by spurts and starts. In 1877 "the founder of college athletics in the University, James J. McGillivray," as Professor Edwards tells us, " entered as a Freshman." The first Field Day was in April, 1879, at the Oakland Cricket Grounds. Among the winners were McGillivray, Dwyer, Lindley and Harding. The next Field Day was in November, 1880, and similar occasions have occurred regularly since then. In 1882 the students built, at their own expense, an athletic track, admirably located and excellently constructed. The opening of Stanford University, and tbe increase in the number of students, bave given a great impetus to track THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY 3»9 and field athletics. In these directions our students hold a supremacy over all Pacific Coast organizations. The names of Sutton, Moffitt, Mays, and Henry, of Morrow, Hunt, the Hoffmanns, Koch, Patterson, Morse, Scoggins, Edgreu, Dyer, and Humphrey, will be remembered for their feats of skill and endurance. In 1895 the Athletic Asso- ciation is making arrangements for intercollegiate contests with Eastern Universities. Athletic Records of The university of California. Event. 50 yards dash . . 75 yards dash. .. 100 yards dash . . 120 yards dash. . 220 yards dash . . 440 yards dash. . SSo yards run . . 1,000 yards run . Mile run 2 miles run 3 miles run . . . . Mile walk 3 miles walk . . . Mile relay (five men) Mile relay (six men) 120 yards hurdle 220 yards hurdle Standing broad jump Running broad jump Running hop, step and jump Standing high jump Running high jump Pole vault (for height) Pole vault (for distance) Putting i6-lb. shot Throwing i6-1t). hammer 'stand) Throwing i6-ttj. hammer (turn). . Throwing r2-ft>. hammer Throwing 56-lb. weight Throwing baseball High kick Three-legged race (100 yards). All-around strength U. C. Record. 5% 23 2 m seconds May 5, '88 I. I ( November 16, '92. j ( February 24, '94 . . .> I ( May 18, '92 I t April 28, '94 " May 18, '92 May 30, '92 ...... , May 30, '92 il seconds April 28, '94 , 27'/t ■■ 425 57 ' 50I 26? October 24, '91 . May 18, '92 . . . April 28, '92 . . . May 6, '91 May 23, 'gi . . . . May 30, *92 . . . . *26? •10 ft 22 " *44 " * 4 " '"■ 5 seco nds. 39 *86 '123 '108 24 •321 ' 9/^ 'liK ' 4''8 ' iVi ■ 4 ' 9 ■ 1% • syi • i'A ' 9 '1034 "12% '. 1 124 May, '92 November 19, '92... November 24, '94 ... May 30, '92 ... May 3D. '92 .. November 21, April 28, '94 . May 18, '92 .. . May 23, '91 ... November 24, '91.... '94... August 25, '93 October 27, '94 April 22, '93 .. February 16, 95::::: May 16, 'go . . . December 5, ' 3S May, '92 E. B. Folsom Edwin Mays J. W. Scoggins . . . . Edwin Mays J. W. Scoggins. . . Edwin Mays Edwin Mays Edwin Mays F. \V. Koch F. S. Pheby F. S. Pheby T. C. McCleave De Winter G. H. Foulks L. T. Merwin Ed%vin Mays W. H. Henry F. S. Pheby. . L. M. Solomons . . . J. Bakewell, Jr. . . . Marc Anthony . . . . P. R. Bradley F. W. Koch C. A. Cross H. E. Humphrey . T. L. Barnes W. H. Henry T. V. Bakewell H. P. Hammond . . C. H. Woolsey C. H. Woolsey H. P. Hammond. . W. C. Patterson. .. G. J. Hoffmann . . . C. R. Morse F. W. Koch L. E. Hunt R. W. Edgren J. Bouse A. H. Man P. McGlade, L. C. R. V. Whiting H. B. Gates C. B. Lakenan . . . . S. S. Sanborn '89 '93 '97 '93 '97 '93 '93 '93 ■96 '93 '93 '94 '92 '93 '95 '93 '93 '93 '93 '93 '95 '96 '96 ■96 '97 ■98 '93 '95 '93 '93 '93 '93 •96 '95 '94 ■96 '93 '97 '92 '95 '91 '93 '91 '91 '94 * Coast Record. Football had a period of considerable activitj^ in the years from 1885 to 1887, when games were played with the Reliance, Merion, and Wasp clubs. But with the establishing of Stanford Universit}^ came an influx of Eastern football players, and a general revival of interest. The most notable games have been the four played between the California and Stanford Universities. The first resulted po THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA in favor of Stanford by a score of 14 to 10. The second and third were ties. The fourth was in favor of Stanford by a score of 6 to o. In 1893 the students organized a rowing association, built a large boathouse in Oakland Harbor, and procured a suitable equipment. Baseball seems to be having a genuine revival in the spring of 1895. Tennis has its fair share oi devotees. \'EHMGERICHT: CLASS DAY, 1894 The Students' Cooperative Association is an organization for the purchase of articles needed by students. Naturallj^, its heaviest dealings are in books and stationer}^, but it seeks to meet demands in any direction. The Dining Association was incorporated in 1S93. Its design is to furnish meals to students at the lowest possible price. It has met with the highest success, mainly through the efforts of Professor Henry Senger and Professor M. W. Haskell. THE STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY pi To endeavor to furnish employment to the many needy students coming to the University, the Students' Aid Society was organized m 1891. This Society has accomplished a great amount of good by acting as a free employment agency. Between August 15, 1S94, and March i, 1895, it furnished one hundred and seven pieces of work to students, making them a return of $1,789.80. It has discovered that nearly one-fifth of the students are making their way through college in whole or in part by their own efforts. During the first year of instruction given by the University, 1869-70, the number of students in the academic colleges was 40 ; in 1873-74, the first year at Berkeley, the number was 191 ; it increased from year to year until 1878-79, when it was 332 ; it then declined until in 1882-83, when it fell to 215; it began to rise again, two years later, and in 1889-90 was 401 ; the next year it was 457, the next 547, the next 648, the next 815, and in 1894- 95, 1,101. The number of young women students in 1870-71, the first year of their admission, was 8 ; the number slowly rose to 55 in 1878-79, and to 67 in 1882-83 ; it then declined to 42 in 1885-86, after which it grew until it was 105 in 1890-91, 164 in 1891-92, 204 in 1S92-93, and 387 in 1894-95. The total number of students in all the departments of the University, both academic and professional, was, in 1878-79, 514; in 1883-84, 493; in 1888-89, 611; in 1889-90, 701; in 1S91-92, 918; in 1893-94, 1,383; in 1894-95, 1,771. This rapid increase in the number of students has told upon the general student life. It has tended, along with other circum- stances, to give more of a university character to the atmosphere. The very presence of numbers has had an inspiring influence upon scholarship, an elevating influence upon the general morale. The student-body at Berkeley has always been one distinguished for manliness. But a refining grace has also come with the larger asso- ciations and the increased activities in the U^iversit3^ A spirit of independence, sometimes becoming dissatisfaction, akin to that of Oxford, has tended to give a vigorous tone to thought, although ^22 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA causing a disparagement of the University in the public mind. Without losing any of the wholesome elements of this spirit, a more gener- ous attitude of cooperation and a more active loj'alty to their Alma Mater is becoming marked in the student-body. From them finally comes that distinctive intellectual type that prevails at every great center of learning. Fitting to close this chapter is the epitaph on the tomb of Bishop Berkeley in the cathedral of Christ Church at Oxford : " Si Christianus fiieris Si atnans patrice^ Ut rogue nomine gloria ri potes Berkleinm vixisse.''^ CHAPTER XIV THE ALUMNI OF THE UNIVERSITY. JAMES H. BUDD, a member of the Class of 1873, marked, by bis elevation to the position of Governor of California, the attainment of the University to its rightful place of Alma Mater to the rising generations of Californians. His is the most conspicuous post won by the sons of the University. He had before been a Representative in Congress, as had John R. Glascock, '65, of the College of California. J. B. Reddick, '69, was Lieutenant-Governor from 1891 to :895. And Frederick W. Henshaw, '79, was elected, in 1894, to the high and honorable position of Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California. In 1864 the Society of the Associated Alumni of the Pacific Coast was organized. From that date to 1878 the College of California, and afterward the University of California, was the center of this organization, the main object of its activity. This body was com- posed of many able and brilliant men, counting as it did among its numbers many of the brightest minds of the highly cultivated and talented college graduates, who had come to California in the early years. In the meantime another body of young men was growing up amongst us, — one educated at home, one more especially interested in the promotion of the interests of the institution, which was rising before the Golden Gate as peculiarly the guardian of the culture of the West. This young body was becoming conscious of its manly strength, perhaps in its youthful vigor a little too confident of its ability to attend to the interests of its Alma Mater without the assistance of those who, from pure love of the higher education, had fostered and made possible the opportunities which these young men had enjoyed. In 1872 the 324 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA graduates of the University of California organized themselves into a body to be known as the Alumni Association of the University of California. This body included, of course, the graduates of the College of California, who by law ranked as graduates of the i*'*'''*^:' i ^Vtr JAMES H. BUDD University. The Alumni thought that they could not too early begin to use their united efforts on behalf of their Alma Mater. But while the association was established in 1872, and held its annual meetings and banquets, it did not seek to assume all the THE ALUMNI OF THE UNIVERSITY ^2^ responsibilities of its predecessor until 1878; and even after that date, in 18S1 and in 1882, it evoked into existence, for special occasions, the older body, in order that these gentlemen from Eastern Colleges might become better acquainted with tlie progress of the University of California. In 1878 the conduct of Alumni exercises on Commence- ment Day in Berkeley was formally transferred to the new Association. It is only within the past few years that the Alumni Association has made itself felt to anything like the degree of which it was competent. Under the administration of J. B. Reinstein, '73, as President, however, from 1892 to 1894, it became vitalized with possibilities of incalculable power. In 1894-95, under the able direction of A. F. Morrison, '78, as President, its continued influence is assured. Meetings have been held quarterly, with a goodly attendance, and marked by interest and determination. Branch associations have grown up in Los Angeles, Sacramento, and Grass Valley. Each of the Professional Colleges has its organization of Alumni. The first practical and manifest influence exercised by the Alumni Association upon the affairs of the University was when its request to Governor Irwin was granted, and John L. Beard, '68, was appointed Regent. This appointment was significant of the rapidly developing maturity of our Alumni, and the harbinger of the day when the government of the institution should be placed almost or entirely in the hands of its own graduates. Since then, Governor Irwin's successors have recognized the wisdom of his action, and have made three additional appointments of Regents from among the Alumni, — of Arthur Rodgers, '72, George J. Ainsworth, '73, and Charles W. Slack, '79. J. B. Reddick, as Lieutenant-Governor, was ex officio Regent from 1891 to 1895. Governor Budd is, by virtue of his office. President of the Board of Regents. He has the power to appoint, with the advice and consent of the Senate, new Regents as vacancies occur. The first draft of the Charter of the University, as it was presented to the Legislature, provided that, when the graduates should number one hundred. Regents should be selected exclusively 3 26 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA from among them. It was stricken out later by amendment, because one of the members of the Legislature feared that the graduates of the University would be in the main Presbyterians. Beside professors and instructors in our own University, our Alumni have supplied Harvard, Chicago, Clark, Texas, Nevada, and Stanford Universities each with a professor. The High Schools of the State, as also the elementary schools, have their fair representation of University graduates as ^ teachers. All the prominent newspapers in San Francisco, and many in the country, have Alumni on their staffs. New York journals, also, bave University of California grad- uates both on their local staffs and as foreign corre- spondents. The leading literary mag- azine of the Pacific Coast, the Overland Monthly^ was form- erly under the editorship of a lady graduate. Beside the literary activity of the journ- alist, the minister, the lawyer, the reviewer, and the essay writer, several works of merit in psychology, philos- have come from the pens J. B. REINSTEIN law ophy, history, mathematics and of our graduates. The directory, in the Appendix, will give the occupations of the Alumni. From this it will be seen that nearly every one is usefully engaged, while other testimony indicates that they are also successfully employed. The occupations cover a large part of the whole field of useful vocations. A few are lucky or unlucky enough to have inherited sufficient of life's goods to be denominated " capitalists," and so to be THE ALUMNI OF THE UNIVERSITY 327 required to concern themselves onl}' about the retention and enjoyment of their fortune without impairment. Some, notwithstanding such smiles of fortune, labor not less zealously and productively than their less favored brethren. A considerable number have adopted the occu- pation, which California seems especially to have intended for her sons, and we know not if not for her daughters also, — the agricultural life. And surely the success that they are generally meeting with is evidence that higher educa- ^ ^ _^ tion does not interfere with practical farming. This be- ginning promises well for a highly cultured landed com- munity in California. Each of our Berkeley Colleges has its representatives in the special careers for which it provides ; yet we observe a tendency in those more or less technically educated to deviate, according to circum- stances, from the career that naturally follows on their undergraduate course, and to pursue some widely different calling. And while we rec- ognize that all true education -.. . ...,-:_: • __,_:ll is one and the same in its a. f. morrison end, yet our University and all modern institutions of learning are built upon the idea of giving special preparation for different pursuits. We have had our representatives in Congress, in the State Legis- lature, in the State Executive office, in the Constitutional Convention, and in many lesser political positions ; in all they have done well and honorably. Law, as seeming to offer the readiest avenue to the satis- faction of the desires of an ambitious young man, has its many 328 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA votaries. Our information concerning them is to the effect that a number are achieving, beside profes- sional fame, well-earned , pecuniary rewards. And, what augurs best for the profession in California, there are those who are reading widely and deeply in the literature and in the science of the law. The graduates of the Professional Colleges are fil- ling the ranks of their several vocations with well-trained physicians, lawyers, dentists, and pharmacists. The high standard which these Colleges are exacting of their students insures for California culti- vated as well as technically proficient professional men. JOHN B. REDDicK Jq zealous lovc for their Alma Mater, the graduates of these Colleges yield ,-.^- to none of their fellow Alumni. Dr. Horace Bushnell, in the "Appeal" which he wrote in 1856 in behalf of a Universitj' in California, closed with these eloquent words : "When a new State is settled, its professional men, its clergymen, lawyers, ph3'sicians and editors, its orators and poets, and men of literature — if it cliance to have them — are men, of course, that were trained elsewhere. But this cannot be true anj^ longer than is necessary, without suffering an incal- F- w. henshaw culable loss. Saying nothing of the comparatively inferior fitness of men who were trained on the other side of the world, how great a humility must it be to THE ALUMNI OF THE UNIVERSITY 329 the feelings of a State to be obliged always to look on her learned class as men who had to go elsewhere to get their accomplishments. They are stepsons now ____^^ , of the State, and not her own children. Inasmuch, then, as the greatest wealth of any State is in its great men, those who are most forward in the public departments of life, what will it sooner look after than the education of its own sons? It is not in the gold, nor the wheat, nor the cattle on a thou- sand hills, that California is to find, after all, its richest wealth and its noblest honors. But it is in the sons she trains up and consecrates to religion, as the anointed prophets and preachers of God's truth, her great orators of every name and field, her statesmen, her works of art and genius, the voices of song that pour out their eternal music from her hills. Her pride is not that, wanting a Shaks- i-'< - A peare, or a Bacon, or an Edwards, she WILLIAM R. DAINGERFIELD sent for him ; but that, having begot- ten him and made him, he is hers. This, I believe, will be the sentiment of California ; and I confidentlj' hope that she will give to it her solid and substantial testimony in - the liberal endowment of her University." i Just as these last pages are going to press, the news comes that the bill, appro- priating $250,000 for the construction of a building in San Francisco for the accommo- dation of the Professional Colleges, has passed both houses of the Legislature. Graduates of the Colleges at Berkeley have taken the keenest interest in securing this appropriation. Foremost in organizing and encouraging this movement, as in every other question of large interest to the University during several years Wn.IJAM R, DAVIS 33° THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA past, has been Mr. J. B. Reinstein. The University possessed a strong contingent of Alumni in the Legislature, and the body of both houses was entirely friendly to the University, desirous of promoting its welfare, and thoroughly impressed with the need and justice of this particular claim. To the writer the erection of a University Building in San Fran- cisco for the purposes for which the intended one is designed, is one of the most important steps in the enlargement and expansion of the institution. With adequate lecture rooms, libraries, labora- tories, and all other material facilities, legal and medical education ought to be put on the very best footing possible. The Faculties of these departments, composed of able men, have shown themselves friends of high standards. We hope that, upon the completion of the new building, they will advance the grade of their work, so that all legal and medical graduates will be liberally educated as well as technically prepared to be successful practitioners. The common interests of all branches of the University will be bene- fited by this home in San Francisco. APPENDIX THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. THE NAMES OF EX-REGENTS ARE IN SMALL CAPITALS. EX-OFFICIO REGENTS. GOVERNORS. H. H. Haight 1868-71 Died 1878 Newton Booth 1871-75 Died 1892 ROMUAtDO PACHECO 1 875-75 William Irwin 1875-80 Died 1886 George C. Perkins 1880-83 George Stoneman 1883-87 Died 1894 Washington Bartlrtt 1887-87 Died 1887 R. W. Waterman 1887-91 Died 1S91 H. H. Markham 1891-95 JAMES HERBERT BUDD. . 1895- Stockton LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORS. William Holden 1868-71 Died 1884 Romualdo Pacheco 187 1-75 Cbecame Governor) William Irwin 1875-75 Died 1886 James A. Johnson 1875-80 John Mansfield 1880-83 John Daggett 1883-87 R. W. Waterman. 1887-87 (became Governor) Died 1 89 1 Stephen M. White 1887-91 J. B. Reddick 1891-95 S. G. MITTARD 1895- Tos Angeles SPEAKERS OF THE ASSEMBLY. C T. Ryland 1868-69 George H. Rogers 1869-71 Thomas B. Shannon 1871-73 M. M. EsTEE 1873-75 G. J. Carpenter 1875-77 C. P. Berry 1877-80 J. F. CowDERY 1880-81 W. H. Parks 1881-83 H. M. LaRue 1883-85 W. H. Parks 1885-87 Wm. H. Jordan 1887-89 Robert Howe 1889-91 Frank L- Coombs 1891-93 F. H. Gould 1893-95 JOHN C. LYNCH 1895- . . Cucamonga STATE SUPERINTENDENTS OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. O. P. Fitzgerald 1868-71 H. W. Bolander 1871-75 Ezra S. Carr 1875-80 Died 1894 STATE SUPERINTENDENTS OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION— CONTD. F. M. Campbell 1880-83 W. T. Welcker 1883-87 Ira G. Hoitt 1887-91 J. W. Anderson 1891-95 SAMUEL T. BLACK 1S95- Sacramento PRESIDENTS OF THE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Charles F. Reed 1868-72 R. S. Carey 1S73-76 Marion Biggs 1877 M. D. BoRUCK 1878 H. M. LaRue 1879-80 J. McM. Shafter 188 1 H. M. LaRue 1882 P. A. FiNiGAN 1883-84 J. D. Carr 1885-86 L- U. Shippee 1887-88 Christopher Green 1889-90 Frederick Cox 1891-92 John Boggs 1893-94 C. M. CHASE 1895- PRESIDENTS OF THE MECHANICS' INSTITUTE. A. S. Hallidie 1868-77 Irving M. Scott 1878-79 P. B. Cornwall 1880-88 David Kerr 1889-91 Irwin C. Stump 1892-93 A. S. HALLIDIE 1893- \ ... San Francisco PRESIDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. John Le Conte, Acting President 1869-70 Henry Durant 1870-72 Daniel C Gilman 1872-75 John Le Conte, Acting President 1875-76 John Le Conte 1876-81 W. T. Reid 1881-85 Martin Kellogg, Chairman Academic CounciL . . . 1885 Edward S. Holden 1885-88 John Le Conte, Acting President 1888 Horace Davis 1888-90 Martin Kellogg, Acting President 1890-93 MARTIN KELLOGG 1893- ' THE BOARD OF REGENTS ^33 APPOINTED REGENTS. Samuel Merritt, 1868-74; resigned; twice appointed; deceased John T. Doyle, 1868-72; term expired Richard P. Hammond, 1868-73; resigned; deceased John W. Dwinelle, 1868-74; resigned; deceased Horatio Stebbins, 1868-94; term expired; twice ap- pointed Lawrence Archer, 1868-80; term expired William Watt, 1868-71; resigned; deceased Samuel B. McKee, 1868-83; resigned; deceased Isaac Friedlander, 1868-69; resigned; deceased Edward Tompkins, 1868-72; twice appointed; deceased J. Mora Moss, 1868-80; twice appointed; deceased S. F. BuTTERWORTH, 1868-73; resigned; deceased Andrew J. Moulder, 1868-68; resigned A. J. Bowie, 1868-80; term expired; deceased Frederick F. L,ow, 1868-68; resigned; died 1894 John B. Felton, 1868-77; deceased John S. Hager, vice Moulder, 1868-90; twice appointed; deceased William C. Ralston, vice Low, 1868-75; deceased Louis Sachs, vice Friedlander, 1869-75; resigned J. WEST MARTIN, vice Watt, i87i-{98); twice ap- pointed John F. Swift, vice Doyle, 1872-88; died 1891 Henry H. Haight, vice Tompkins, 1872-76; resigned; deceased Andrew S. Hallidie, vice Butterworth, 1873-74; ^^' signed; see next column Joseph W. Winans, vice Hammond, 1873-87; twice appointed; deceased William Meek, vice Dwinelle, 1874-76; term expired; deceased J. M. Hamilton, vice Hallidie, 1874-76 ; term expired D. O. Mills, vice Merritt, 1874-81 ; resigned Frank M. Pixley, vice Ralston, 1875-80 ; resigned WILLIAM T. WALLACE, vice Sachs, i875-(i902) ; twice appointed John L- Beard, vice Hamilton, 1876-92 ; term expired ANDREW S. HALLIDIE, vice Meek, i876-(i908); twice appointed Eugene Casserly, vice Haight, 1876-S0 ; resigned; de- ceased George Davidson, vice Felton, 1877-84; term expired A. L- Rhodes, vice Casserly, 1880-88 B. B. Redding, vice Pixley, 18S0-82; died 1882 William Ashburner, vice Bowie, 1880-87; '^^^'^ '887 John Bidwell, vice Archer, 1880-80; resigned T. G. PHELPS, vice Bidwell, i88o-(i896) N. Greene Curtis, vice Moss, 1880; resigned I. W. HELLMAN, vice Mills, i88i-(r902) ; twice ap- pointed Leland Stanford, vice Redding, 1882-83; resigned; died 1893 GEORGE T. MARYE, Jr., vice Stanford, i883-(i898) ARTHUR RODGERS, vice Curtis, i883-(i9o6) ; twice appointed GEORGE J. AINS WORTH, vice McKee, i883-(i90o); twice appointed W. S. Rosecrans, vice Davidson, 1884-85; resigned D. M. Delmas, vice Rosecrans, 1S85-92 ; resigned ALBERT MILLER, vice Winans, i887-(i9o6) ; twice appointed COLUMBUS BARTLETT, vice Ashburner, i887-(i896) CHARLES F. CROCKER, vice Swift, i888-(i904J JAMES F. HOUGHTON, vice Rhodes, i888-(i904) Louis Sloss, Jr., vice Hager, 1890-91 CHESTER A. ROWELL, vice Sloss, i89i-(i9ioj; twice appointed JAMES A. WAYMIRE, vice Beard, i892-(i9o8,) HENRY S. FOOTE, vice Delmas, i892-(i90oj CHARLES W. SLACK, vice Stebbins, i894-(i9ioj SECRETARIES OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS. Andrew J. Moulder 1868-74 Robert E. C. Stearns 1874-81 J. West Martin January to March, 1874 J. H. C. Bonte 1881- ASSISTANT SECRETARIES. J. Ham. Harris 1874-89 W. A. McKowen 1889- TREASURERS. W. C. Ralston 1868-75 J. C. Flood 1883-85 D. O. Mills 1875-82 Louis Sloss 1885- LAND AGENTS. H. A. Higley 1869-73 J- Ham. Harris 1876-89 A. J. Moulder 1873-74 J. H. C. Bonte 18S9- J. W. Shanklin 1874-76 THE ACADEMIC SENATE. Note.— The Faculties of the University, together with the Instructors, constitute by law the Academic Senate. The names of ex- members are in small capitals. PRESIDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. Henry Durant. President of the University of Cali- fornia, 1870-72. Born, Acton, Mass., June 17, 1802. A. B., Yale, 1827. A.M., Yale, 1830. LE. D., University of Rochester, 1871. Principal of College School, 1855-60. Professor of Greek, College of California, 1860-69. Died, January 22, 1875. Daniel Coit Gilman. President of the University of California, 1872-73. President of the University of Cali- fornia and Professor of Political Economy and Social Science, 1873-74. President of the University of Cali- fornia, 1874-75. Born, Norwich, Conn., July 6, 1831. A. B., Yale, 1852. A. M., Yale, 1852. LE- D., Harvard, 1876. LE. D., St. Johns College, 1876. LE- D., Yale, 1879. EE. D., Columbia, 1887. President of Johns Hop- kins University, 1875-. John Ee Conte. Acting President of the University and Professor of Physics and Industrial Mechanics, 1869-70. Professor of Physics and Industrial Mechanics, 1870-75. Acting President of the University and Pro- fessor of Physics and Mechanics, 1875-76. President of the University and Professor of Physics, 1876-81. Professor of Physics, 1881-91. Born, Eiberty County, Georgia, December 4, 1818. A. B., Franklin College, University of Georgia, 1838. A.M., University of Georgia, 1841. M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1 841. EE. D., University of Georgia, 1879. General Secretary of the " American Association for the Advance- ment of Science" (Montreal Meeting), August, 1857. Professor of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry, University of Georgia, 1846-56. Professor of Natural Philosophy, South Carolina College, 1856-69. Died, April 29, 1891. William Thomas Reid. President of the University of California, 1881-85. Born, Jacksonville, 111., Novembers, 1843. A.B., Harvard, 1868. A.M., Harvard, 1872. Principal of Belmont School, 1885-. Edward Singleton Holden. President of the Uni- versity of California and Director of the Eick Observatory, 1885-88. Born, St. Eouis, November 5, 1846. B. S., Washington University, St. Eouis, 1866. Graduate of U. S. Military Academy, West Point, 1870. A. M., Wash- ington University, 1878. EE-D., University of Wisconsin, 1886. EE. D., Columbia, 1887. Second Eieutenant, Fourth U. S. Artillery, 1870. Second Eieutenant, U. S. Corps of Engineers, 1871. Professor of Mathematics, U. S. Navy, 1873. Professor of Astronomy and Direc- tor Washburn Observatory in the University of Wis- consin, 1881. Director of the Eick Observatory, 1888-. Horace Davis. President of the University of Cali- fornia, 1888-90. Born, Worcester, Mass., March 16, 1831. A. B., Harvard, 1849. TE- D. , University of the Pacific, 1889. Member of Congress, 1877-81. Merchant, San Francisco. MARTIN KEEEOGG. Professor of Eatin and Greek, 1869-76. Professor of the Eatin Eanguage and Eiterature, 1876-94. Chairman, Academic Council, 1888. Acting President of the University of California, 1890-93. Presi- dent of the University of California, 1893-. Born, Vernon, Conn., March 15, 1828. A. B., Yale, 1850. A.M., Yale, 1853. EE. D., Yale, 1893. Professor of Eatin and Math- ematics, College of California, 1860-69. SECRETARY OF THE ACADEMIC SENATE. JOHN HARMON C. BONTfi. Secretary of the Aca- demic Senate. Secretary of the Board of Regents, 1881-. Professor of Eegal Ethics, Eaw Department, 1886-. Born, Circleville, O., February 21, 1831. A. M., Kenyon Col- lege, 1857. D. D., Kenyon College, 1880. THE ACADEMIC FACUETIES. Note. — The names are arranged in the order of original accession to member- ship in the Academic Senate. John Ee Conte. (See foregoing list of Presidents.) MARTIN KEEEOGG. (See foregoing list of Pres- idents.) Robert A. Fisher. Professor of Chemistry, Mining and Metallurgy, 1869-70. M. D. JOSEPH EE CONTE. Professor of Geology, Natural History, and Botany, 1869-72. Professor of Geology and Natural History, 1872-. Born, Eiberty County, Georgia, February 26, 1823. A. B., Franklin College, University of Georgia, 1841. A. M., University of Georgia, 1845. M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1845. B.S., Harvard College, 1851. EE. D., University of Georgia, 1879. James K. Thacher. Ad interim Professor of Eatin and Greek, 1869-70. A. B., Yale, 1868. M. D., Yale, 1879. Professor of Physiology, Yale. Died, 1891. Paul PiODA. Professor of Modern Eanguages, 1S69-78. Born, Brussels, April 20, 1818. Student of University of Zurich, Switzerland. Deceased. Ezra S. Carr. Professor of Agriculture, Chemistry, Agricultural and Applied Chemistry, and Horticulture, 1869-74. State Superintendent of Public Instruction and ex officio Regent of the University, 1875-80. M. D. Died, 1894. William Swinton. Professor of the English Eanguage and Eiterature, Rhetoric, Eogic, and History, 1869-74. A. M. Deceased. William Thomas Welcker. Professor of Mathe- matics, 1869-81. Born, Athens, Tenn., June 24, 1830. Graduate U.S. Military Academy, West Point, 1851. Superintendent of Public Instruction and ex officio Regent of the University, 1883-87. THE ACADEMIC FACULTIES 33^ FRANK SOUIvfi. Assistant Professor of Mathematics, 1869-72. Professor of Civil Engineering and Astronomy, 1872-. Born, Woodville, Miss., August 6, 1845. Graduate U.S. Military Academy, West Point, 1866. Second Ueu- tenant U. S. Ordnance. Robert E. Ogilby. Instructor in Drawing, 1869-76. STEPHEN J. FIELD. Honorary Profes,sor of Law, 1870-. Born, Haddam, Conn., November 4, 1816. Asso- ciate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1863-. LL. D., Williams, 1864. GEORGE DAVIDSON. Professor of Geodesy and Astronomy, 1870-75. Non-resident Professor of Geodesy and Astronomy, 1875-76. Honorary Professor of Geodesy and Astronomy, 1876-. Born, Nottingham, England, May 9, 1825. A. M. Ph. D., Santa Clara College, 1876. Sc. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1889. George Tait. Assistant Professor of Ancient Lan- guages, 1871-72. Master of the Fifth Class, 1870-71. A. M., College of California, 1867. Died, August 15, 1888. Fred M. Campbei.Iv. Ad i7ilerim Professor of English Language and Literature, 1871-72. Principal of State University School, 1869-71. State Superintendent of Public Instruction and ex officio Regent of the University, 1880-83. A. M., College of California, 1867. Julius Grossbian, Instructor in German, 1871-74. Manuei, M. COREI.LA, Instructor in Spanish, 1871-74. Deceased. WILLARD BRADLEY RISING. Professor of Chem- istry and Metallurgy, 1872-76. Professor of Chemistry, 1876-. Born, Mecklenburg, N. Y. , September 22, 1839. A. B., Hamilton College, 1864. M.E., Michigan Uni- versity, 1867. A. M., Hamilton College, 1867. Ph.D., Heidelberg University, 1870. George Woodbury Bunnell. Assistant Professor of Latin and Greek, 1872-75. Professor of the Greek Language and Literature, 1875-93. A. M., Harvard, 1867. Samuel Jones. Professor of Military Science and Ad- junct Professor of Mathematics, 1S72-73. Graduate United States Military Academy. James M. Phillips. Instructor in Hebrew, 1872-81. Deceased. Arthur Huntington Allen. Instructor in Latin and Ancient History, 1873-74. Born, New York City, October 20, 185 r. A. B., Yale, 1873. GEORGE CUNNINGHAM EDWARDS. Instructor in Mathematics and Commandant of University Cadets, [873-83. Instructor in Mathematics, 1883-84. Assis- tant Professor of Mathematics, 1884-89. Associate Profes- sor of Mathematics, 1889-. Born, Spencer, Indian Terri- tory, June 18, 1852. Ph. B., University of California, 1873. Leander L- Hawkins. Instructor in Mathematics and Surveying, 1873-79. Ph. B., University of California, 1873- ALBIN PUTZKER. Instructor in German, 1874-83. Professor of the German Language and Literature, 1883-. Born, Eisenstadtl, Austria, February 24, 1845. A. M., Knox College. Edward Rowland Sill. Professor of the English Language and Literature, 1874-82. Born, Windsor, Conn., April 29, 1841. A. B., Yale, 1861. Died, Feb- ruary 27, 1887. William Ashburner. Professor of Mining, 1874-76. Honorary Professor of Mining, 1876-87. Born, Stock- bridge, Mass., March 28, 1831. Student at Lawrence Scientific School, Cambridge, and at ficole des Mines, Paris. Died, April 20, 1887. George F. Becker. Lecturer on Metallurgy, 1874- 76. Instructor in Mining and Metallurgy, 1876-79. Born in New York City, January 5, 1847. A. B., Harvard, 1868. Ph. D., Heidelberg, 1869. Gepriifter Zogling der Koniglichen Berg-Academie, Berlin, 1871. U. S. Geolo- gist in charge, 1879. Special Agent Tenth Census, 1880. Special Agent in charge of the investigation of the pre- cious-metal industries of the United States, 1882. Ambrose Crosby Richardson. Instructor in Latin and Ancient History, 1874-75. Instructor in Latin and Greek, 1875-76. Born, Boston, Mass., October 24, 185 1. A. B., Harvard, 1873. EUGENE WOLDEMAR HILGARD. Professor of Agriculture, 1874-75. Professor of Agriculture and Agri- cultural Chemistry, 1875-76. Professor of Agriculture and Agricultural Chemistry, General and Economic Bot- any, 1876-88. Professor of Agriculture and Agricutural Chemistr^r and Director of Agricultural Experiment Sta- tions, 1888-. Born, Zweibriicken, Rhenish Bavaria, Jan- uary 5, 1833. Ph.D., University of Heidelberg, 1853. LL. D., University of Mississippi, 1884. LL- D., Colum- bia, 1887. LL D., University of Michigan, 1887. John D. Hoffmann. Instructor in Mechanical Draw- ing, 1874-79. G. DE Kersaint-Gily. Instructor in French, 1875- 76. SAMUEL BENEDICT CHRISTY. Instructor in Chemistry, 1875-79. Instructor in Mining and Metal- lurgy, 1879-85. Professor of Mining and Metallurgy, 1885-. Born, San Francisco, August 8, 1853. Ph. B., University of California, 1874. FREDERICK SLATE. Instructor in Chemistry, 1875- 77. Superintendent of Physical Laborator3^ 1879-81. Superintendent of Physical Laboratory and Instructor in Physics and Mechanics, 1881-86. Assistant Professor of Physics and Mechanics, 1886-89. Associate Professor of Physics, 1889-91. Professor of Physics, 1891-. Born, London, England, January, 1852. B. S., Polytechnic In- stitute, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1871. FREDERICK G. HESSE. Professor of Industrial Mechanics, 1875-84. Professor of Mechanical Engineer- ing, 1884-. Born, Treves, Prussia, March 28, 1826. Graduated at the Gewerbe Institute, Treves, Prussia, 1845. Henry Benjamin Jones. Assistant Instructor in Ger- man, 1875-76. Assistant Instructor in French and Ger- man, 1876-81. Instructor in French, 1881-86. Born New Orleans, La., March 2, 1841. Edward A. Parker. Instructor in Physics, 1875-81. Ph. B., University of California, 1874. Charles F. Gompertz. Instructor in Spanish, 1875-81. Edmund H. Sears. Instructor in Latin and Greek, 1875-83. A. B., Harvard, 1S74. BERNARD MOSES. Professor of History and Po- litical Economy, 1875-. Born, Burlington, Conn., August 27, 1846. Ph. B., University of Michigan, 1870. Ph.D., University of Heidelberg, 1873. 336 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA A. Wendell Jackson, Jr. Instructor in Mineralogy, 1876-81. Instructor in Mineralogy, Petrography and Economic Geology, 1881-86. Profe.ssor of Mineralogy, Petrography and Economic Geology, 1S86-91. Born, Chelsea, Mass., February 13, 1855. Ph. B., University of California, 1874. Student at University of I^eipzig, and Ereiberg Mining School, Saxony, 1875-76. John Maxson Stillman. Assistant in Chemistry, University of California, 1873-75. Student in Chemistry, Strassburg and Wiirzburg, 1875-76. Instructor in Or- ganic and General Chemistry, University of California, 1876-82. Chemist of the Boston and American Sugar Refining Company, 1882-92. Ph. B., University of Cal- ifornia, 1874. Ph. D., TJniversity of California, 1885. Professor of Chemistry, Eeland Stanford Junior Univer- sity, 1890-, John W. Bice. Instructor in Surveying, 1876-82. Ph. B., University of California, 1875. Deceased. Benjamin Pitman Wall. Instructor in English, 1876-78. Ph. B., University of California, 1876. Physi- cian in Berkeley, California. John Bernard Clarke. Assistant in Mathematics, 1876-77. Instructor in Mathematics, 1877-81. Assistant Instructor in Mathematics, 1881-83. Instructor in Math- ematics, 1883-85. Assistant Professor of Mathematics, 1885-89. Associate Professor of Mathematics, 1889-91. Ph. B., University of California, 1S77. WIELIAM CAREY JONES. Recorder of the Fac- ulty, 1875-77. Recorder of the Faculty and Instructor in Latin, 1877-82. Recorder, and Instructor in United States History and Constitutional Eaw, 1882-83. In- structor in United States History and Constitutional Eaw, 1883-87. Assistant Professor of United States Hi.s- tory, 1887-89. Associate Professor of United States History, 1889-94. Professor of Jurisprudence, 1894-. Born, Washington, D. C, October 15, 1854. A. B., Uni- versity of California, 1875. A. M., University of Califor- nia, 1879. Edward Booth. Instructor in Chemistry, 1877-80. Ph. B., University of California, 1877. G. G. Greenough. Professor of Military Science and Tactics, 1877-79. Graduate United States Military Academy. Josiah Royce. Instructor in the English Language and Literature, 1878-82. Instructor in Philosophy, Har- vard Universit}', 1882-85. Assistant Professor of Philos- ophy, Harvard University, 1885-92. Professor of the History of Philosophy, Harvard University, 1S92-. A. B., University of California, 1875. Ph. D., Johns Hopkins University, 187S. Ross E. Browne. Instructor in Industrial Drawing, 1878-86. Charles Hascall Dwinelle. Lecturer on Practical Agriculture, 1878-85. Born, Rochester, N. Y., March 28, 1847. Ph. B., Sheffield Scientific School of Yale Col- lege, 1 87 1. EDMOND O'NEILL. Instructor in Chemistry, 1879-80. Assistant in Chemistry (Quantitative Labora- tory), 1880-81. Assistant Instructor in Chemistry, 1881-82. Instructor in Chemistry, 1882-90. Assistant Professor of Organic and Physiological Chemistry, 1890-. Ph. B., University of California, 1879. George B. Willcutt. Instructor in Chemistry, 1880-82. Ph. B., University of California, 1879. EDWARD J. WICKSON. Lecturer on Dairying, 1880-85. Lecturer on Practical Agriculture, 1885-86. Lecturer on Practical Agriculture and Assistant Superin- tendent of the Experimental Grounds, 1886-89. Lecturer on Practical Agriculture, 1889-91. Associate Professor of Agriculture, Horticulture and Entomology, 1891-. Act- ing Director of Agricultural Experiment Stations, 1892- 93. Born, Rochester, N. Y., August 3, 1848. A. B., Hamilton College, 1869. A. M., Hamilton College, 1872. IRVING STRINGHAM. Professor of Mathematics, 1 882-. Born, Yorkshire, N. Y., December 10, 1847. A. B., Harvard, 1877. Ph. D., Johns Hopkins University, 1880. Highest honors in Mathematics, Harvard, 1877. Albert Stanburrough Cook. Professor of the Eng- lish Language and Literature, 1882-89. Born, Montville, N. J., March 6, 1853. B. S., Rutgers College, New Jersey, 1872. M. S., Rutgers College, 1875. M. A., Rutgers College, 18S2. Ph. D., University of Jena, 1882. Professor of the English Language and Literature, Yale University, 1889-. EDWARD LEE GREENE. Instructor and Lecturer in Botan}^ 1882-86. Assistant Professor of Botany, 1886- 91. Associate Professor of Botany, 1891-92. Professor of Botany, 1892-. Born, Hopkinton, R. I., August 20, 1843. Ph. B., Albion Academy, Wis., 1866. GusTAVus Gehring. Assistant Instructor in Chem- istry, 1882-83. B. S. John W. Atkinson. Assistant Instructor in Chemis- try, 1882-S3. Ph. B., University of California, 1882. David Barcroft. Instructor in Civil Engineering, 1882-84. Ph. B., University of California, 1882. Deceased. CORNELIUS BEACH BRADLEY. In.structor in English, 1882-86. Assistant Professor of the English Lan- guage and Literature, 1886-89. Associate Professor of the English Language and Literature, 1889-94. Professor of Rhetoric, 1894-. Born, Bangkok, Siam, November 18, 1843. A. B., Oberlin College, 1868. Graduate of Yale Divinity School, 1871. A. M., Oberlin College, 1886. James Alexander Hutton. Professor of Military Science and Tactics, 1883-86. Born, Yolo County, Cal., January 10, 1853. Graduate of United States MiHtaiy Academy, West Point, 1876. H. B. Herr. Ad interim Professor of Civil Engineer- ing, 1883-84. Graduate United States Military Academy. William White Deamer. Instructor in Latin, and Recorder, 18S3-86, 1887-89. Instructor in Latin and Greek, 1886-89. Born, Oroville, Cal., November25, i860. A. B., University of California, 1883. LL. B., University of California, 1893. Lawyer, San Francisco. Henry Grasette Wauton. Assistant Instructor in English, 1883-84. A. B. Died, July 24, 1888. GEORGE HOLMES HOWISON, Mills Professor of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy and Civil Polity, 1884-. Born, Montgomery County, Md., November 29, 1834! A. B., Marietta College, 1852. M. A. (Honoris Causa), Marietta College, 1855. LL. D., Marietta College, 1883. Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Washington University, 1864. Tileston Professor of Political Economy, Washington University, 1866. Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science, Massachusets Institute of Technology, 187 1. Lecturer on Ethics, Harvard University, 1879. Lecturer on Logic, Psychology and Speculative Philosophy, Uni- versity of Michigan, 1883. THE ACADEMIC SENATE 3^7 William Galt Raymond. Instructor in Civil Engi- neering, 1884-91. Born, Princeton, la., March 2, 1859. C. E., Washington University, 1884. HERMANN KOWER. Instructor in Instrumental Drawing, 1885-91. Assistant Professor of Instrumental Drawing, 1891-. Born, vSan Francisco, June 17, 1861. C. E., Technische Hochschule, Stuttgart, Germany, 1884. Charles Herbert LevermorE- Instructor in History, 1886-88. Born, Mansfield, Conn., October 15, 1856. A.B., Yale, 1879. Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1886. President Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn, N. Y. Edward Thomas Owen. Professor of the French and Spanish Languages and Eiteratures, 1886-87. Born, Hartford, Conn., March 4, 1850. A. B., Yale, 1872. Pro- fessor of French, University of Wisconsin. JOACHIM HENRY SENGER. Instructor in Ger- man, 1886-87. Instructor in German and Greek, 1887-91. Assistant Professor of German, 1891-. Born, Coeslin, Prussia, September 11, 1848. A. B., University of Cali- fornia, 1882. Ph. D., University of California, 1888. Francis Hovey Stoddard. Instructor in English, 1886-90. Born, Middlebury, Vt., April 25, 1847. A. B., Amherst, 1869. A. M., Amherst, 1886. Professor of English, University of the City of New York, 1890-. George F. E. Harrison. Professor of Military Science and Tactics, 1886-90. Born, California, Novem- ber 8, 1851. Graduate United States Military Academy, 1873. Diploma from United States Artillery School in 1882. August Harding. As.sistant in Chemistry, 1880-81. Instructor in Chemistry, 1886-87. FfiLICIEN VICTOR PAGET. Instructor in the French and Spanish Languages, 1887-91. Assistant Pro- fessor of the French and Spanish Languages, 1891-93. Associate Professor of the French and Spanish Languages, 1893-94. Professor of the French and Spanish Languages, 1894-. Born, Petit Villard, France. Bachelier es Let- tres, Strasbourg, France. Bachelier es Sciences, Grenoble, France. THOMAS RUTHERFORD BACON. Instructor in History, 1888-89. Associate Professor of European His- tory, 1889-. A. B., Yale, 1872. B. D., Yale, 1877. Albert Andrew Howard. Professor of the Latin Language and Literature, ad i?iterini, 1888-90. A. B., Harvard, 1882. Ph. D., Harvard, 1885. FRANK HOWARD PAYNE. Director of Physical Culture, 1 888-. Born, Fremont, 111., October 30, 1850. M. D., Rush Medical College, Chicago, 1874. WALTER EDMUND MAGEE. Instructor in Phys- ical Culture, 1888-. Born, Providence, R. I., April I, i860. WILLIAM DALLAM ARMES. Assistant in English, 1884-86,1888-89. Instructor in English, 1 889- Born, San Francisco, August 3, i860. Ph. B., University of Califor- nia, 1882. Franklin Booth. Student Assistant in Metallurgical Laboratory, 1887-88. Assistant in Mining and Metal- lurgy, 1888-89. Instructor in Mining and Metallurgy, 1889-94. B. S., University of California, 1887. GEORGE MOREY RICHARDSON. Instructor in Latin, 1889-92. Assistant Professor of Latin, 1892-94. Associate Professor of Classical Archseology, 1894-. A. B., Harvard, 1882. Ph. D., Leipzig, 1886. CHARLES MILLS GAYLEY. Professor of the Eng- lish Language and Literature, 1889-. Born, Shanghai, China, 1858. A. B., University of Michigan, 1878. In- structor in Latin, University of Michigan, 1880-84. As- sistant Professor of Latin, University of Michigan, 1884- 86. Student at Giessen and Halle, 1886-87. Assistant Professor of English, University of Michigan, 1888-89. Frank Gaylord Hubbard. Instructor in Engli-sh, 1889-92. Ph. D. Assistant Professor of English, Uni- versity of Wisconsin, 1892-. Carlo Venp;ziani. Temporary Instructor in Mathe- matics, 1889. Ph. D. Robert Franklin Pennell. Temporarily in charge of the Department of Greek, 1889. A. B., Harvard, 1871. John Hatfield Gray, Jr. Instructor in Chemistry, 1890-92. B. S., University of California, 1887. MELLEN WOODMAN HASKELL. A,ssistant Pro- fessor of Mathematics, 1890-94. Associate Professor of Mathematics, 1S94-. Born, Salem, Mass., March 17, 1863. A. B., Harvard College, 1883. A.M., Harvard, 1885. Ph. D., Gottingen, 1889. Instructor in Mathemat- ics, University of Michigan, 1889-90. ARMIN OTTO LEUSCHNER. Instructor in Mathe- matics, 1890-93. Assistant Professor of Astronomy and Geodesy, 1893-. Born, Detroit, Mich., January 16, 1868, Konigliches Wilhelms Gymnasium, Cassel, Germany, 1886. A. B., University of Michigan, 1888. F. R. A. S. Original member of the Royal Society's Club of London. ALEXIS FREDERICK LANGE. Assistant Profes- sor of English, 1890-. Instructor in English and Ger- man, University of Michigan. Born, April 23, 1862, La- fayette County, Mo. A. M., University of Michigan, 1885. Ph. D., University of Michigan, 1892. Adolph Caspar Miller. Lecturer on Political Econ- omy, 1890-91. Associate Professor-elect of Historj' and Political Science, 1891. Associate Professor of Political Economy, Cornell University, 1 89 1-92. Associate Pro- fessor of Finance and Taxation, LTniversity of Chicago, 1892-93. Professor of Finance and Taxation, University of Chicago, 1893-. A. B., University of California, 1887. A. M., Harvard, 1888. Benjamin Harrison Randolph. First Lieutenant, Third United States Artillery. Professor of Military Sci- ence and Tactics, 1890-93. ANDREW COWPER LAWSON. Assistant Professor of Mineralogy and Geology, 1890-92. Associate Profes- sor of Geology and Mineralogy, 1 892-. A. M., Toronto, 1885. Ph. D., Johns Hopkins University, 1888. HENRY IRWIN RANDALL. Instructor in Civil En- gineering, 1890-. B. S., University of California, 1887. ISAAC FLAGG. Temporary Assistant in Latin, 1890-91. Associate Professor of Classical Philology, 1891-. Born, Beverly, Mass., September 7, 1843. A. B., Harvard, 1864. Ph. D., Gottingen, 187 1. Tutor in Greek, Harvard College, 1865-69. Professor of Greek, Cornell University, 1871-S8. ROBERT HILLS LOUGHRIDGE. Assistant Profes- sor of Agricultural Geology and Agicultural Chemistry, 189 1-. Born, Presbyterian Mission Station at Tullahas- see, Indian Territory, October 9, 1843. B.S., Univer- sity of Mississippi, 187 1. Ph. D., University of Mississip- pi, 1876. Assistant State Geologist of Georgia, 1873-78. vSpecial Agent Tenth United States Census, 1879-S3. Assistant State Geologist of Kentucky, 1 883-86. Professor of Agriculture, University of South Carolina, 1886-90. THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA CHARLES WILUAM WOODWORTH. Assistant Professor of Entomology, 1891-. Born, Champaign, lU., April 28, [865. B. S., University of Illinois, 1885. M. S., University of Ulinois, 1886. Harvard, i885-88. Assistant Illinois State L,aboratory of Natural History, 1884-86. Entomologist Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888-91. FeIvIX EkngfeIvD. Instructor in Chemistry, 1891-92. Ph. D., Johns Hopkins University. Eouis PaparblIvI. Instructor in Viticulture and Olive Culture, 1891-9^. Lie. Ag. WILLIAM JAMES RAYMOND. Student Assistant in Physical Laboratory, 1887-88. Assistant in Physical Laboratory, 1888-91. Instructor in Physics, 1891-92. Instructor in Physics, 1893-. Born, Utica, N. Y., July 27, 1865. B. S., University of California, 1887. Student at Johns Hopkins University, 1892-93. WILLIAM EMERSON RITTER. Assistant in Chem- istry, 1888-89. Instructor in the Biological Laboratory, 1891-93. Assistant Professor of Biology, 1893-. B.S., University of California, 1888. A.M., Harvard Univer- sity, 1890. Samuel David Huntington. Instructor in French, 1891-95. A. B., University of Wisconsin. Frank Gelett Burgess. Instructor in Topographi- cal and Free-hand Drawing, 1891-94. B. S. LEON JOSIAH RICHARDSON. Fellow and Assis- tant in Latin, 1891-92. Instructor in Latin, 1892-. Born, Keene, N. H., February 22, 1868. A. B., University of Michigan, 1890. Leon Montague Hall. Assistant in Mechanics, 1S91. MARSHALL AVERY HOWE. Instructor in Cryp- togamic Botany, 1S91-. Ph. B., University of Vermont, 1890. JOSEPH CUMMINGS ROWELL. Recorder, 1874- 75. Librarian, 1875-. Born, Panama, S. A., June 29, 1853. A. B., University of California, 1874. HAROLD WHITING. Assistant Professor of Physics, 1892-93. Associate Professor of Physics, 1S93-. Born, Roxbury, Mass., 1855. A. B., Harvard, 1877. Ph. D., Harvard, 1884. MYER EDWARD JAFFA. Assistant in Agriculture, 1880-82. Assistant in Viticulture, 1883-89. Assistant in Agricultural Laboratory, 1889-91. Instructor in the Agricultural Laboratory, 1892-. Ph. B., University of California, 1877. Joseph Adam Sladky. Superintendent of the Ma- chine Shops, 1882-92, and Instructor in Mechanical Prac- tice, 1892-94. GEORGE ELDEN COLBY. Assistant in Viticultural Laboratory, 1S85-92. Instructor in the Viticultural Laboratory, 1892-. Ph. B., University of California, 1880. ELMER REGINALD DREW. Assistant in Physics, 18S8-92. Instructor in Physics, 1S92-. Born, Yolo County, Cal., December 17, 1865. B. S., University of California, 1888. ELMER ELLSWORTH BROWN. A.s.sociate Pro- fessor of the Science and Art of Teaching, 1892-93. Professor of the vScience and Art of Teaching, 1893-. Born, Kiantone, Chautauqua County, N. Y., August 28, 1 86 1. A. B., University of Michigan, 1889. Ph. D., University of Halle (Prussia), 1890. LOUIS DU PONT SYLE. Instructor in English, 1892-. A. B., Yale, 1879. A. M., Yale, 1888. FRED EMORY HAYNES. Instructor in United States History, 1892-. A. B., Harvard, 1889. Ph. D., Harvard, 1891. ARCHIE BURTON PIERCE. Instructor in Mathe- matics, 1 892-. B. S., University of California, 1890. A. M., Harvard, 1892. WILLIAM JOHN SHARWOOD. Instructor in Chemistry, 1892-. Born, Tuolumne County, Call., Sep- tember 2, 1867. Associate Royal School of Mines, Lon- don, 1887. CLARENCE LINUS CORY. Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, 1892-. M. M. E., Cornell, 1891. Theodore H. Hittell. Lecturer on History of Cali- fornia, 1893. FRANK LONG WINN. First Lieutenant, Twelfth United States Infantry. Professor of Military Science and Tactics, 1893-. Born, Winchester, Ky. Graduate of United States Military Academy. Graduate of the Tor- pedo School, United States Army, Willet's Point, New York Harbor. GEORGE MALCOLM STRATTON. Fellow in Philosophy, 1891-93. Instructor in Philosophy, 1893-. A. B., University of California, 18S8. A. M., Yale, 1890. CARL COPPING PLEHN. Assistant Professor of History and Political Science, 1893-. Born, Providence, R. I., June 20, 1867. A. B., Brown University, 1889. Ph. D., Gottingen, 1891. Professor of History and Politi- cal Science, Middlebury College, 1891-93. LOUIS THEODORE HENGSTLER. Fellow in Mathematics, 1892-93. Instructor in Mathematics, 1893-. A. M., University of California, 1892. Ph. D., University of California, 1894. THOMAS FREDERICK SANFORD. Instructor in English, 1893-. A. B., Yale, 1888. EDWARD BULL CLAPP. Professor of the Greek Language and Literature, 1894-. Born, Cheshire, Conn., April 14, 1856. A. B., Illinois College, 1875. A. M., Illinois College, 1878. Graduate student in Greek and Sanskrit at Yale, 1876-78, and at Berlin and Athens, 1884-85. Ph. D., Yale, 1886. Principal at Westville and Eaton schools, New Haven, 1878-S2. Professor of Greek, Illinois College, 1883-90. Assistant Professor of Greek, Yale, 1890-93. HENRY THOMAS ARDLEY. Associate Professor of Decorative and Industrial Art, 1894-. Born, England, 1850. S. A., College of Applied Art, London, England. CHARLES SAMUEL HAROLD HOWARD. Fel- low in French, 1893-94. Instructor in French, 1894-. ERNEST ALBION HERSAM. Analytical Assistant in Mining Department, 1892-94. Instructor in Metallurgy and Analytical Assistant, 1894-. Born, Stoneham, Mass., March 9, 1868. B. S., Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology, 1 89 1. HERBHRT PARLIN JOHNSON. Assistant Professor of Biology, ad interim, 1894-95. A. B., Harvard, 1889. A. M., Harvard, 1890. Ph. D., University of Chicago, 1894. JACOB VOORSANGER. Professor of Semitic Lan- guages and Literatures, 1894-. Rabbi, Jewish Theologi- cal Seminary, Amsterdam, 1872. THE ACADEMIC SENATE ^39 WII.I.IAM AUGUSTUS MERRII^I.. Professor of the Latin L,anguage and Literature, 1894-. Born, Newbury- port, Mass., i860. A. B., Amherst, 1880. A. M., Am- herst, 1884. Ph. D., Ohio University, 1893. L. H. D., Miami University, 1893. Profe.ssor of Latin, Miami University, 1887-93. Professor of Latin, University of Indiana, 1893-94. THOMAS PEARCE BAILEY, Jr. Assistant Profe.s- sor of the Science and Art of Teaching, 1894-. A. B., University of South Carolina, 1887. A. M., University of South Carolina, 1889. Ph. D., University of South Caro- lina, 1891. GUSTAVE FAUCHEUX. Instructor in French, 1 894-. Bachelier es Lettres, Bachelier es Sciences, Ecole Polytech- nique and Ecole d'Application, Paris. BERNARD RALPH MAYBECK. Instructor in Drawing, 1894-. Eleve d' Architecture a 1' Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris. EVANDER BRADLEY McGILVARY. Instructor in English, 1S94-. A. B., Davidson College, N. C, 1884. A. M., Princeton, 1888. LEVI FREDERICK CHESEBROUGH. Instructor in Mechanic Arts, and in charge of Machine Shops, 1 894-. ERNEST HENRY SIMONDS. Instructor in Assay- ing, and Mill Assistant, 1894-. B. S. DEANS OF THE ACADEMIC FACULTIES. Robert A. Fisher, 1869-70. Martin Kellogg, 1S70-86. IRVING STRINGHAM, 1886-. RECORDERS OF THE ACADEMIC FACULTIES. Joseph C. Rowell, 1874-75. William Carey Jones, 1875-83. William W. Deamer, 1883-86, 1887-89. Charles A. Ramm, 1886-87. FiNLAY Cook, 1889-91. JAMES SUTTON, 1891-. FACULTY OF THE CALIFORNIA SCHOOL OF DESIGN. Virgil Williams. Director, 1872-86. W. E. Rollins. Assistant Teacher, 1884-86. Ernest Narjot. Temporary Director, 1886. Emil Carlsen. Director, 1887-89. AMEdEE JOULLIN. Instructor of the Painting Class (still life), 1 887-. RAYMOND D. YELLAND. Director, 1889-91; In- structor of the Landscape Class, 1891-. ARTHUR FRANK MATHEWS. Instructor of the Life Classes, 1891-. OSCAR KUNATH. Instructor of the Portrait Cla.ss, 1891-. Leo Lash. Instructor of the Antique Class, 1891-92. JOHN A. STANTON. Instructor of the Antique Class, 1 892-. DOUGLAS TILDEN. Instructor of the Modeling Class. FACULTY OF THE LICK ASTRONOMICAL DEPARTMENT. EDWARD SINGLETON HOLDEN. Director of the Lick Observatory and Astronomer, 1888-. Born, St. Louis, November 5, 1846. B. S. 1866, A. M. 1871, Wash- ington University. LL- D., University of Wisconsin, 1886. LL. D., Columbia College, 1887. (See p. 334.) Sherburne Wesley Burnham. Astronomer, 1888- 94. A. M., Yale. Professor of Practical Astronomy in the University of Chicago. JOHN MARTIN SCHAEBERLE. Astronomer, 1888-. Born in Germany, January 10, 1853. C. E., 1876, M. S., 1894, University of Michigan. Acting Assis- tant Professor of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 1887-88. James Edward KeelER. Astronomer, 1888-91. A. B. Director of the Observatory at Alleghany, Penn., 1891-. EDWARD EMERSON BARNARD. Astronomer, 1888-. Born, Nashville, Tenn., December 16, 1857. Graduate, School of Mathematics, \'anderbilt University, 1887. A.M., University of the Pacific, 1889. D. S.,Van- derbilt University, 1893. WILLIAM WALLACE CAMPBELL. Astronomer, 1891-. Born, Hancock County, Ohio, April, 1862. B. S., University of Michigan, 1886. Professor of Mathematics, Universit3^ of Colorado, 1886-88. Instructor in Astron- omy, University of Michigan, 1888-89. Henry Crew. Astronomer, 1891-92. A. B., Prince- ton, 1882. Ph. D., Johns Hopkins Universitj^, 1888. ALLEN LYSANDER COLTON. Assistant Astron- omer, 1892-. Ph. B. 1889, A. B. 1890, University of Michigan. RICHARD HAWLEY TUCKER. Astronomer, 1893-. Born, Wiscasset, Me., 1859. C. E., Lehigh Universitj', 1879. FACULTY OF THE HAvSTlNGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW. John Norton Pomeroy. Professor of Municipal Law, 1878-85. Born, April 12, 1828. A. B., Hamilton College, 1847. Professor of Law, University of the City of New York, 1864-70. Died February 25, 1885. William H. Platt. Professor of the Ethics of the Law and the Rules of Morality, 1S78-80. D. D., LL. D. Serranno Clinton Hastings. Professor of Com- parative Jurisprudence, 1S80-93. Died, 1893. Oliver P. Evans. Assistant Professor of ISIunicipal Law, 1881-82. Calhoun Benham. Professor of Common and Statute Law, 1882-83. CHARLES WILLIAM SLACK. Acting Professor of Municipal Law, 1885-88. Assistant Professor of Munici- pal Law, 18S8-94. Professor of Municipal Law and Dean, 1894-. Born, Mifflin, Penn., December 12, 1858. Ph. B. 1879, LL. B. 1882, University of California. Superior Judge, 1892-. Regent of the University, 1894-. JOHN HARMON C. BONTfi. Professor of Legal Ethics, 1886-. Born, Ohio, 1831. A. M. 1857, I) D^ t8So, Kenyon College. 340 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ELISHA WILLIAMS McKINSTRY. Professor of Municipal Law, 1888-. Born, Detroit, Mich., April 10, 1824. Member of Assembly, First California Legis- lature. District Judge and County Judge, 1852-73. Asso- ciate Justice Supreme Court of California, 1874-88. FACULTY OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Note.— The incompleteness of the records prevents mentioo of past Faculties- G. A. SHURTLEFF. Emeritus Professor of Mental Diseases and Medical Jurisprudence. Born, Massachu- setts, 1817. M. D., Vermont Medical College, 1845. R. BEVERLY COLE. Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, President of the Faculty'. A. M., M. D., M. R. C. S. CEng.). W. F. McNUTT. Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine. Born, Truro, Nova Scotia. M.D., Univer- sity of Vermont, 1862. M. R. C. S., M. R. C. P., Edin- burgh, 1865. ROBERT A. McLEAN. Professor of Clinical and Operative Surgerj', Dean. M. D., University of California, 1874. W. E. TAYLOR. Professor of Principles and Practice of Surgery. Born, Virginia, 1837. M. D., Winchester Medical College, 1859. A. L. LENGFELD. Professor of Materia Medica and Medical Chemistry. Born, Auburn, N. Y., 1850. M. D., University of the Pacific, 187 1. M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1882. BENJ. R. SWAN. Professor of Diseases of Children. Born, Vermont, 1837. M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, N. Y., 1868. GEORGE H. POWERS. Professor of Ophthalmology and Otology. Born, Boston, 1840. A. B. 1861, A. M. and M. D. 1S65, Harvard. WM. WATT KERR. Professor of Clinical Medicine- Born, Edinburgh, 1857. A. M. 1877, M. B. and C. M. 1881. Edinburgh. ARNOLD A. D'ANCONA. Professor of Physiology. Born, Brooklyn, N.Y., i860. A. B. 18S0, M. D. 1884, Uni- versity of Calfornia. DOUGLAS W. MONTGOMERY. Professor of Dis- eases of the Skin. M. D. WASHINGTON DODGE. Profe,s,sor of Therapeutics. Born, Jamestown, Cal., 1859. M. D., University of Cali- fornia, 1884. JOHN M. WILLIAMSON. Professor of Anatomy. M. D. JOHN W. ROBERTSON. Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases. Born, Alabama, 1859. A- B. 1877, M. D. 1880, University of California. JOHN C. SPENCER. Professor of Pathology and Histology. Born, Sacramento, 1861. A. B. 1882, M. D. 1885, Columbia College. WILLIAM EVELYN HOPKINS. Associate Pro- fessor of Ophthalmology and Otology. Born, Virginia. M. D., University of Virginia, 1879. M. D., University of New York, 1880. Surgeon LT. S. Army, 1882-91. FACULTY OF THE POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. LOUIS BAZET. Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery. M. D. EDWARD S. CLARK. Professor of Otology. M. D. FRED W. D'EVELYN. Professor of Pediatrics. Born, Antrim, Ireland. M. B., C. M. (Edin.). F. D. S., L. M. (Edin.). Queen's Scholar, S. and A., London. L. P-S. (Ireland^. C. A. VON HOFFMANN. Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics. M. D. HENRY KREUTZMANN. Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics. M. D. DOUGLAS W. MONTGOMERY. Professor of Vene- real Diseases and Dermatologj'. M. D. MARTIN REGENSBURGER. Professor of Venereal Diseases and Dermatologj'. M. D. HARRY M. SHERMAN. Professor of Orthopedic Surgery. A. M., M. D. GEORGE F. SHIELS. Professor of Surgery. Born, San Francisco, 1863. M. D,, C. M. (Edin.), F. R. C. S. E. HENRY L. WAGNER. Professor of Rhinology and Laryngology. Born, San Francisco. Ph. D., Freiburg, 1880. M. D., Wurzburg, 1884. W. F. McNUTT. Professor of Diseases of Heart and Kidneys. M. D., M. R. C P. (Edin.j. W. E. HOPKINS. Professor of Ophthalmology. M. D., W. A. MARTIN. Professor of Ophthalmology. M. D. LUKE ROBINSON. Professor of Gynecology. M. D., M. R. C. P. (Lond.), W. H. MAYS. Professor of Gynecology. Born, Eng- land, 1846. M. D., University of California, 1873. LEO NEWMARK. Professor of Neurology. ' M. D. J. C. SPENCER. Professor of Bacteriology. A. B., M. D. FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY. S. W. Dennis. Professor of Operative Dentistry and Histology, 1882-87. M. D., D. D. S. A. F. McLain. Professor of Dental Pathology and Therapeutics, 1882-S4. M. D., D. D. S. CLARK LA MOTTE GODDARD. Professor of Me- chanical Dentistry, 1S82-S9. Professor of Orthodontia and Dental Metallurgy, 1890-. Born, Wisconsin, 1849. A. B., Beloit College, 1872. D. D. S., Philadelphia Dental College, 1874. A. M., Beloit, 1S75. M. W. Fish. Professor of Phj^siology, 1882-87. M. D. A. W. Perry. Professor of Chemistry, 1882. M. D. William Lewitt. Professorof Anatomy, 1882. M. D. William Edwin Taylor. Professor of Surgery, 18S2- 92. Emeritus Professor of Surgery, 1893-94. M. D. ABRAHAM LEWIS LENGFELD. Professor of Ma- teria Medica and Medical Chemistry, 1882-93. Professor of Chemistry and Metallurgy, 1894-. M. D. WILLIAM BREAKEY LEWITT. Professor of Anat- omy, 1883-92. Professor of the Principles and Practice of Surgery, 1893-. Born, Michigan, 1857. M. D., Detroit Medical College, 1S77. M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1878. THE ACADEMIC SENATE 34' LUIS LANE DUNBAR. Professor of Dental Pathol- ogy and Therapeutics, 1884-85. Professor of Operative Dentistry and Histology, 1888-. Born, Indiana, 1849. D. D. S., Ohio College of Dental Surgery, 1874. MAURICE JAMES SULLIVAN. Clinical Professor of Operative Dentistry, 1885-86. Professor of Dental Pathology and Therapeutics, 1886-93. Professor of Den- tal Pathology, Therapeutics and Materia Medica, 1894-. Born, Marysville, Cal., 1858. D. D. vS., University of Michigan, 1880. E. O. Cochrane. Clinical Professor of Mechanical Dentistry, 1885. D. D. S. H. J. Plomteaux. Clinical Professor of Mechanical Dentistry, 1886. D. D. S. JOSEPH LE CONTE. Honorary Professor of Biology, 1885-. A. M., M. D., LL. D. ARNOLD ABRAHAM D'ANCONA. Professor of Physiology, 1888-. A. B., M. D. FACULTY OF THE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. WILLIAM THEODORE WENZELL- Professor of Chemistry, 1872-73, 1874-. Born, Miihldorf, Bavaria, 1829. Ph. G., Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, 1855. M. D., Medical College of the Pacific, 1876. Ph. D., Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. WILLIAM MARTIN SEARBY. Professor of Materia Medica, 1872-85, 1888-. Ph. C. J. W. Forbes. Professor of Pharmacy, 1872-74. HANS HERMANN BEHR. Professor of Botany, 1S72-94. Emeritus Professor of Botany, 1894-. Born, Coethen, 1818. M. D., University of Berlin, 1843. WiLi^ARD Bradley Rising. Professor of Chemistry, 1873-74. A. M., M. E., Ph. D. John Calvert. Professor of Pharmacy, 1874-76. EmlEn Painter. Professor of Pharmacy, 1876-81. E. W. Runyon. Professor of Pharmacy, 1881-92. Born, Chicago, 1851. Ph. G., New York College of Phar- macy, 1873. Frederick A. Grazer. Profe.s.sor of Materia Medica, 1885-88. Professor of Pharmacy, 1892-93. Ph. G. JEROME JOHN BAPTIST ARGENTI. Professor of Microscopy and Vegetable Histology, 1892-. Ph. G. FRANK THEODORE GREEN. Director of the Laboratories and Professor of Analytical and Pharma- ceutical Chemistry, 1893-. Born, North San Juan, Cal., 1863. Ph. G., University of California, 1882. CHARLES ALBERT SEIFERT. Profes,sor of Phar- macy, 1893-. Born, Iowa, 1869. Ph. G., University of California, 1S87. FACULTY OF THE VETERINARY DEPART- MENT. THOMAS BOWHILL, Dean of the Faculty. Profes- sor of the Principles and Practice of Veterinary Surgery, Pathology and Bacteriology. F. R. C. V. S., F. R. P. S. (Edin.) A. E. BUZARD. Professor of the Principles and Practice of Equine Medicine and Dermatology. M. R. C. V. S. W. F. EGAN. Professor of Principles and Practice of Bovine Medicine and Veterinary Obstetrics. M. R. C. S. V. F. A. NIEF, Secretary of the Faculty. Professor of Comparative Anatomy. B. Sc, D. V. S. S. J. B'RASER. Professor of Comparative Physiology and Histology. B. A., M. D. A. AUCHIE CUNNINGHAM. Professor of Chem- istry, Materia Medica and Toxicology. F. C. S., F. I. Inst. FRANK W. SKAIFE. Professor of Helminthology and Canine Pathology. D. V. S., M. R. C. V. S. K. O. STEERS. Lecturer on Botany and Therapeutics. V. S. ASSISTANTS, AND OTHER OFFICERS, 1894-95 Note. — The names are arranged in the order of original appointment. IN THE COLIvEGES AT BERKELEY. JOHN JAMES RIVERS. Curator of the University Museum. JOSEPH WIETIAM FEINN. University Printer. JOSEPH DIEFFENRACH LAYMAN. Assistant Librarian. B. L., University of California, 1888. JOHN GEORGE GODFREY HANSEN. Foreman of the Footliill Agricultural Experiment Station. JULIUS FORRER. Foreman of the San Joaquin Val- ley' Agricultural Experiment Station. FREDERICK THEODORE BIOLETTI. Foreman of the Agricultural Experiment Station Cellar. B. S., Uni- versity of California, 1894. JAMES SUTTON. Recorder of the Faculties. Ph. B., University of California, 1888. CHARLES HOWARD SHINN. Inspector of Agri- cultural Experiment Stations. A. B., Johns Hopkins University. EMIL KELLNER. Gardener to the College of Agri- culture. WILLIAM GEORGE WILLOUGHBY HARFORD. Assistant to the Curator of the University Museum. WILLIS LINN JEPSON. Assistant in Botany. Ph. B., University of California, 1889. MARY BENNETT RITTER. Woman Physician in the Department of Physical Culture. M. D. ERNEST NORTON HENDERSON. Fellow in Phil- osophy. Ph. B. 1890, A. B. 1893, A. M. 1894, Univer- sity of California. WALTER CHARLES BLASDALE. Assistant in Chemistry. B. S., University of California. SAMUEL JACKSON HOLMES. As.sistant in the Biological Laboratory. B. S. 1893, M. S. 1894, Univer- sity of California. JOSEPH NISBET LE CONTE. Assistant in Me- chanics. B. S., University of California, 1891. M. M. E-, Cornell, 1S92. ROBERT STEWART NORRIS. Assistant in Chem- istry. B. S., University of California, 1892. CHARLES LEONARD OILMAN. Assistant in Chem- istry. ARNOLD VALENTINE STUBENRAUCH. Clerk to the Director of Agricultural Experiment Stations. HENRY EHRENFRIED JOSEPH ONGERTH. Reader in German. Graduate Theological Seminary, Vienna. OSCAR SCHOBER. Assistant in Mechanics. HENRY DECKHARD. Fireman to the Department of Mechanics. WILLIAM HENRY TYSON. Foreman of the South- ern Coast Range Agricultural Experiment Station. CLARENCE WOODBURY LEACH. Fellow in His- tory and Political Science. Ph. B., University of Califor- nia, 1893. FREDERICK LESLIE RANSOME. Fellow in Min- eralogy. B. S., University of California, 1893. IVAR TIDESTROM. Assistant in Botany. OLIVER BRIDGES HENSHAW. Fellow in Philos- ophy. A. B., Harvard, 1893. A. M., University of Cal- ifornia, 1S94. LOREN EDWARD HUNT. Assistant in Civil En- gineering. B. S., University of California, 1893. ARTHUR PERONNEAU HAYNE. Assistant in Viticulture. Ph. B., University of California, 1889. CECIL KNIGHT JONES. Second Assistant Libra- rian. VICTOR LENHER. Assistant in Chemistry. Certif- icate of Proficiency in Chemistry, University of Pennsyl- vania, 1893. JAMES WILLIAM MILLS. Foreman of the South- ern California Agricultural Experiment Station. WILLIAM JOHNSTON STRACHAN. Foreman of the Santa Monica Agricultural Experiment Station. SANFORD ALEXANDER MOSS. Student Assistant in Mechanics. JESSE DISMUKES BURKS. Clerk to the Recorder. Ph. B., University of Chicago, 1893. B. L-, University of California, 1894. FRED HANLEY SEARES. Assistant in Students' Observatory. JOHN CAMPBELL MERRIAM. Honorary Fellow in Palaeontology. B. S., Lenox College, Iowa, 1886. Ph. D., University of Munich, 1893. RALPH WALDO PUTNAM. Patron of the Southern Coast Range Agricultural Experiment Station. GEORGE DAVID SONES. Assistant in Physics. B. S., University of Michigan, 1892. Died, January 4, iS95- ROBERT FRANKLIN PENNELL. Patron of the Chico Agricultural Experiment Station. A. B., Harvard. ANTHONY BARTHOLOMEW BOLAND. Foreman of the Chico Forestry Station. SILAS ELLSWORTH COLEMAN. Assistant in Ph5'sics. GRACE ABRAHAMS LOVE. Stenographer and Typewriter in the President's and Recorder's Offices. AUGUSTUS VALENTINE SAPH. Fellow in Math- ematics. B. S., University of California, 1894. WILLIAM HAMMOND WRIGHT. Fellow in Math- ematics. B. S., University of California, 1893. SARAH ISABEL SHUEY. Woman Physician in the Department of Physical Culture, aa'z«/'f;-zw. Ph. B. 1876, M. D. 1879, University of California. GEORGE GIBBS. Student Assistant in Physical Cul- ture. CHARLES M. SHELDON. Armorer. WALTER HUDDLESTON GRAVES. Reader in Greek. ANNIE WILLARD BREWER. Student Assistant in Pedagog}'. ASSISTANTS AND OTHER OFFICERS M3 IN THE UCK ASTRONOMICAI, DEPARTMENT, MOUNT HAMII^TON. ALI.EN I^YSANDER COETON. Assistant Astrono- mer. Ph. B., A. B. CHAREES DIEEON PERRINE, Secretary. IN THE HASTINGS COEEEGE OF THE EAW, SAN FRANCISCO. EEONARD STONE, Registrar. IN THE MEDICAE DEPARTMENT, SAN FRAN- CISCO. WINSEOW ANDERSON. Adjunct to the Chair of Principles and Practice of Medicine. A. M., M. D. JOHN HENRY BARBAT. Demonstrator of Anat- omy. Ph. G., M. D. THOMAS BOWHIEE- Eecturer on Bacteriology. PHIEIP COEEISCHONN. Member of the Dispensary Staff. M. D. S. J. FRASER. Junior Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. AEBERT KARE HAPERSBERGER. Member of the Dispensary Staff. A. B., M. D. HENRY B. A. KUGEEER. Assistant to the Chair of Pathology and Histology. HUGH EAGAN. Member of the Dispensary Staff. GEORGE HERMAN POWERS. Member of the Dis- pensary Staff. A. M., M. D. JOHN M. SIMS. Junior Assistant Demonstrator of Anatoni}'. SAMUEE PARSONS TUGGLE. Senior A,ssistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. M. D. EDWARD VON ADEEUNG. Adjunct to the Chair of Physiology. JOHN M. WILLIAMSON. Member of the Dispen- sary Staff. HENRY NELSON WINTON. Adjunct to the Chair of Therapeutics. M. D. IN THE POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL DEPART- MENT, SAN FRANCISCO. JOSEPH EMILE ARTIGUES. Assistant to the Chair of Genito-Urinary Surgery. M. D. JAMES ALEXANDER BLACK. Assistant to the Chair of Rhinology and Laryngology. M. D. PHILIP KING BROWN. Assistant to the Chair of Neurology. M. D. CLARK JAMES BURNHAM. Assistant to the Chair of Diseases of the Heart and Kidneys. M. D. HENRY GUILD BURTON. Assistant to the Chair of Ophthalmology. M. D. PHILIP COLLISCHONN. Assi.stant to the Chair of Pediatrics. M. D. TENISON DEANE. Assistant to the Chair of Der- matology and Venereal Diseases. M. D. RICHARD MARTIN HERMAN BERNDT. A.ssfs- tant to the Chair of Medicine. M. D. CAMPBELL FORD. Assistant to the Chair of Genito- Urinary vSurgery. M. D. WILLIAM FERDINAND FRIEDHOFER. Assistant to the Chair of Gynecologj^ M. D. SAMUEL JOHNS HUNKIN. Assistant to the Chair of Orthopedic Surgery. M. D. PHILIP MILLS JONES. Assistant to the Chair of Otology. M. D. WILLIAM LUDWIG KNUDLER. A.ssistant to the Chair of Ophthalmology. M. D. LUCIA MARIA LANE- As,sistaut to the Chair of Gynecology. M. D. GEORGE CHILDS MACDONALD. Assistant to the Chair of vSurgery. M. D. JOHN MUNROE MACDONALD. As.sistant to the Chair of Gynecology. M. D. JAMES FRANCIS McCONE. Assistant to the Chair of Gynecology. M. D., M, R. C. S. fEng.), M. R. C. P. (Lond.). JOHN RICHARD McMURDO. Assistant to the Chair of Ophthalmology. M. D. GEORGE WASHINGTON MERRITT. Assistant to the Chair of Ophthalmology. M. D. THEORILDA CAROLINE PARK. Assistant to the Chair of Gjmecology. M. D. FRANK BRANSON PETRIE. Assistant to the Chair of Rhinology and Laryngolog}'. M. D. P;RNEST PRING. Assistant to the Chair of Genito- Urinar}^ Surgery. M. D. VIRGINIA WICKLIFFE SMILEY. Assistant to the Chair of Orthopedic Surgery. M. D. WESTON OLIN SMITH. A,ssistant to the Chair of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases. M. D. WILLIAM BARCLAY STEPHENS. A.ssistant to the Chair of Otology. M. D. WALTER M. THORNE. Assistant to the Chair of Surgery. M. D. SAMUEL PARSONS TUGGLE. Assistant to the Chair of Ophthalmology. M. D. CHARLES CURTIS WADSWORTH. Assistant to the Chair of Rhinology and Laryngology. M. D. JOHN FRANKLIN PIERCE WETZEL. Assi-stant to the Chair of Surgery. M. D. FRANK POPE WILSON. Assistant to the Chair of Othopedic Surgery. M. D. HENRY NELSON WINTON. Assistant to the Chair of Medicine. M. D. IN THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY, SAN FRANCISCO. J. L. ASAY. CUnical Instructor. M. D. Visalia. JOHN HENRY BARBAT. Demonstrator of Anatomy. Ph. G., M.I). FRANK WILBUR BLISS. Clinical Instructor. D. D. vS. CHARLES BOXTON. Lecturer on Mechanical Den- tistry, and Instructor in Mechanical Technic. D. D. S. HARRY PUTNAM CARLTON. Instructor in Oper- ative Technic. D. D. S. GEORGE HUBERT CHANCE. Chnical Instructor. D. D. S. Portland, Or. M4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HENRY COATES DAVIS. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. WARREN DE CROW. Clinical Instructor. AEBERT TIRREEE DERBY. Demonstrator of Me- chanical Dentistry. D, D. S. FADE CHAREES ERHARDT. Demonstrator of Op- erative Dentistry-. D. D. S. S. J. ERASER. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. JOSEPH DUPUY HODGEN. Assistant in Chemis- try and Metallurgy. D. D. S. ALBERT OEIVER HOOKER. Clinical Instructor. San Jose. OTTIWEEL WOOD JONES. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy. M. D. HENRY E. KNOX. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. Oakland. WALTER F. LEWIS. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. Oakland. JAMES WILLIAM LIKENS. Demonstrator of Oper- ative Dentistry. D. D. S. CHARLES ASHBY LITTON. Superintendent of the Infirmary. D. D. S. FRED HARRIS METCALF. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. Sacramento. HOWARD DELOS NOBLE. Demonstrator of Me- chanical Dentistry and Orthodontia Technic. D. D. S. JAMES PALLARD PARKER. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. WILLIAM EDMUND PRICE. Clinical Instructoi. D. D. S. HAROLD LAWRENCE SEAGER. Assistant Dem- onstrator of Mechanical Dentistry. D. D. S. WILLIAM FULLER SHARP. Instructor in Opera- tive Dentistry. D. D. S., D. M. D. J. G. SHARP. Assistant in Physiology and Histology. WILLIAM BEECHER SHERMAN. Clinical In- structor. D. D. S. MAX SICHEL- Clinical Instructor. EMORY L. TOWNSEND. Clinical Instructor. D. D. S. Los Angeles. LEANDER VAN ORDEN. Clinical Instructor. M. D. IN THE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, SAN FRANCISCO. JOSEPHINE E. BARBAT. Instructor in Botany. H. E. BESTHORN. Instructor in Pharmacy. M. R. GIBSON. Instructor in Microscopy and Veg- etable Histology. ROBERT ANDREW LEFT. Instructor in Chemistry. Ph. G. OTTO ALBERT WEIHE. Instructor in Materia Medica. Ph. G. GRADUATES OF THE UNIVERSITY. Note. — The most diligent efforts have beeu made to render tlie following records complete and accurate. Through failure of many persons to respond to inquiries, however, the information is in many instances incomplete. THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES. PRESIDENTS, SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS Alumni Association. YEARS. 1872-73 1873-74 1874-75 1875-76 1876-77 1877-78 1878-79 1879-80 1880-81 18S1-82 1882-83 1883-84 1884-S5 1885-86 1886-87 1887-88 1888-89 1889-90 1890-91 1891-92 1892-93 1893-94 1894-95 PRESIDENTS. Cliarles A. Garter, '66 SECRETARIES. TREASURERS. M. P. Wiggin, '67 M. P. Wiggin, '66 George E- Sherman, '66 , . , . N. D. Arnot, '69 N. D. Arnot, '69 Charles A. Garter, J. R. Glascock, '65 M. P. Wiggin, '67. J. L. Beard, '68 W. R. Davis, '74 . George C. Edwards, '73 . . . . J- M. Stillman, '74. Arthur Rodgers, '72 J- M. Stillman, '74. R. E. McKee, '70 G. C. Edwards, '73 W. R. Davis, '74 A. F. Morrison, '78 J. M. Whitworth, '72 Joseph Hutchinson, '78 C. A. Wetmore, '68 Joseph Hutchinson, '78 T. F. Barr}', '74 Joseph Hutchinson, '78 J. R. Glascock, '65 J. C. Rowell, '74 . . . J. M. Whitworth, '72 ... Wm. Carey Jones, '75 . George J. Ainsworth, '73 .... Wm. Carey Jones, '75 . C. M. Davis, '79 J. C Rowel E. B. Pomroy, '71 J. C Rowel Wm. Carey Jones, '75 J. C Rowel Wm. Carey Jones, '75 J. C. Rowel Clinton Day, '68 J. C. Rowel J. B. Reinstein, '73 J. C. Rowel N. D. Arnot, C. W. Reed, C. W. Reed, C. W. Reed, C. W. Reed, C. W. Reed, C. W. Reed, G. C. Edwards, G. C. Edwards, G. C. Edwards, . . M. S. Eisner, W. W. Deamer, W. W. Deamer, G. C. Edwards, 74 G. C Edwards, 74 G. C. Edwards, 74 G. C. Edwards, 74 G. C. Edwards, 74 G. C. Edwards, 74 G. C. Edwards, J. B. Reinstein, '73 Wm. Carey Jones, /5 W. W. Deamer, A. F. Morrison, '78 E. Myron Wolf, '94 J- K. Moffitt, 67. 69. 72- 72. 72. 72. 72. 72. 73- 73- 73- 80. 83- 83- 73- 73- 73- 73- 73- 73- 73- 83- 86. 346 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GRADUATES OF THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES. Graduates of the classes from 1864 to 1869 inclusive received their degrees from the College of California. Such persons rank, in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the Universitj', as graduates of the University of California. In the following lists, italic letters indicate past titles and occupations, and Roman letters indicate present titles, occupations and addresses. The numbers following each class indicate the number in the class ; the * indicates the number deceased. ERRATA. The following have been inadvertently omitted from the list of Graduates of the Academic Colleges, or have been misplaced therein. 1882. Edwards, Charles Albert, Ph. B. Santa Barbara. 1884. Edwards, George, B. L. Berkeley. Huggins, Charles Loyal, B. S. Res- ident Engineer of the Soo Railway, Miehigan. City Engineer, Berkelej'. McAllister, Elliot Ward, A. B.; A.M., LL. B., Columbia, 1888. State Senator, 1893. L,awyer. 220 Sansome St., S. F. Shaw, Hattie L. (Mrs. A. B. Tayn- ton), B.S. lyOrin. 1886. Miller, Ida C, Ph. B. d. 1888. Blum, Solomon, A. B. I^nwyer. San Francisco. I890. Harker, Charles Groflf, A. B. Real estate. 3214 Washington vSt., S. F. 1891. Ainsworth, John Churchill, B. S. Baldwin, Harry Clark, B. S. Beard, Derrel Leonard, Ph. B. Mer- chant. Napa. Brewer, John Ankeney, Ph. B. LL. B. 1894. Lawyer. Los Angeles. Brown, William Herbert, B. S. Min- ing. North Temescal. Chesnut, John A., Jr., B. S. Mining. Oakland. Coleman, George Edward, B. S. Grass Valley. Eichbaum, Thomas E., B. S. d. Fletcher, George Herbert, Ph. B. Teacher. Trinity School, S. F. Jacobs, Lester H., Ph. B. LL B. 1894. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Morgan, Ross, B. S. Civil Engineer. Oakland. Olney, Warren, Jr., A. B. LL- B. 1894. Lawyer. loi Sansome St , S. F. Ransome, Tom Wells, B.S. Draughts- man. San Francisco. Tay, Charles Fox, Ph. B. Merchant. San Francisco. Wright, William Abourn, B. S. Zeile, Eugene John, A. B. Studying medicine in Europe. Address, F. W. Zeile, Mills Building, S. F. 1892. Rich, Francis Arthur, B. S. Super- intendent, Sheridan and Mendota A'lill, Telliiride, Colorado. Chief Engineer Sheridan Building (in charge of steam and electric plant used for manufac- turing purpo.ses), mine examiner and draughtsman. Sheridan Building, or care Waters Bros., Mining Engineers, Sheridan Building, Denver, Colo. The following have been misplaced in the list of Graduates of the Academic Colleges. 1881. Brand, Ernest, in Graduates of the Law College, 18S1, should not appear in the list of Graduates of the Aca- demic Colleges. 1885. Edwards, George; McAllister, Elliot Ward; and Shaw, Hattie L., should be in Class of 1884. 1891. Harker, Charles Groff, should be in Class of 1890. Rich, Francis Arthur, should be in Class of 1892. 1892. Edwards, Charles Albert, should be in Class of 1S82. 1894. Huggins, Charles Loyal, should be in Class of 1884. GRADUATES: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 347 1864. Daly, James A., A. B. Clergyman. Cleveland, Ohio. Emerson, D. L., A. B. d. July lo, 1889. Lyle, Albert F., A. B. ; A. M. 1872. Clergyman. 203 S. 6th St., Newark, N. J. Tracy, Charles Turner Kelly, A. B.; lyL,. B., Harvard, 1872. Teacher in Public Schools of California about 12 years. L,awyer. 624 J St., Sacramento. 4-* I 1865. Glascock, John R., A. B. ; IvL. B., University of Virginia. District Attor- ney of ^ Alameda County, iS'jd-'jS ; Member of Congress, cSSj-Sj; Mayor of Oakland, iSSg-gi. I^awyer. Oakland. Janes, Elijah, A. B.; A. M, 1872. Campbell. Sherman, George E., A. B. d. Williams, Gardner Fred, A. B Superintendent Kimberly Diamond Mines, South Africa. 2 1 31 Telegraph Ave , Oakland. 4-* I 1866. Garter, Charles Ashley, A. B. ; A. M. 1871; LL. B., Albany I^aw Univer- sity, 1867. United States Attorney, Northern District of California, i8go -g^.. Lawyer. 1317 lycavenworth St., S. F. Hardy, Lowell Jas., Jr., A. B. I^aw- yer. 405 Kearny St., S. F. Harwood, William D., A. B. d. Townsend, Clarence F., A. B. McAllister St., near Polk, S. F. 4—* I 1867. Gibbons, William, A. B. Alameda. Wiggin, Marcus P., A. B. Editorial writer San Francisco Chronicle. Chronicle Bldg., S. F. 2 1868. Beard, John Lyman, A. B.; A. M. 1875. Rege7it of the University; State Senator, 1895. Farmer. Warm Springs. Day, Clinton, A. B.; A. M. 1875. Architect. 220 Sansome St., S. F. Dudley, Charles A., A. B. d. ■ Poston, Richard E., A. B. d. Wetmore, Charles A., A. B.; A. M. 1872. 529 California St., S. F. 5-*2 1869. Arnot, Nathaniel Dubois, A. M. fudge Superior Court of Alpine County three terms. Judge Superior Court of Alpine County. Markleeville. Fowler, D. T., A. B.; A. M. 1872. Principal Prescott Grammar School, Oakland, for ten years. Vineyardist and Orchardist. Fresno. Reddick, John Burke, A. B. Twice elected to Assembly, iSjs and 1880; Preside?itial Elector, 188^; Lieutenant- Governor, i8()i-g§. L,awyer. San Andreas. Redington, Samuel, A. B. d. 4-* I 1870. Anthony, Charles William, A. B.; B. D., Presbyterian Theological Semi- nary of San Francisco, 1873. Ordained 1873. Active pastor in California, i8'jj-'/y; in Minnesota and Illinois, 18'j'j-g^. Pastor of the Presbyterian Church. Franklin Grove, 111. McKee, Robert Linington, B. D. Deputy City and County Clerk of San Francisco; Deputy District Attorney and Court Commissioner of Alaineda County. I,awyer. Oakland. Tewksbury, L. M., A. B. d. 3—* I 1871. Blaney, E. W., A. B. d. Aug., 1891. Cobb, George D., A. B. d. Learned, Charles B., A. B. Stockton. Pomroy, Everett Benedict, A. B ; A. M. 1873. United States District Attorney, Territory of Arizojia, two terms. Lawyer. 1865 Telegraph Ave., Oakland. Whitworth, Frederick Harrison, A. B. ; A. M. 1873. Professor of Mathematics and Languages, Univer- sity of Washington; Chief Engineer S., L. S. & E. Ry; Manager Seattle Coal & Iron Co. Real estate and mining broker. Olympic Block, Seattle, Wash. 5—* 2 1872. Reed, Geo. W., A. B. Lawyer. gth and Broadway, Oakland. Rodgers, Arthur, A. B. ; Ph. B. Regent of University of California. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S. F. Whitworth, John M., A. B. ; A. M. 1875. Lawyer. 120 Sutter St., S. F. 3 1873. Ainsworth, Geo. J., Ph. B. Regent of University of California. Capital- ist. Redondo. Bolton, John N., Ph. B. d. Oct., 1890. Budd, James Herbert, Ph. B. Briga- dier, N. G. C; Member 4.8th Congress from Second Congressional District of California, i88j-8^. Lawyer ; Gov- ernor of the State of California. Stockton. Edwards, George Cunningham, Ph. B. Associate Professor of Math- ematics, University of California. Berkeley. Hawkins, Lester Leander, Ph. B.; C. F. 1879. President Ainsworth National Bank. Portland, Or. Newmark, Nathan, A. B.; A. M. 1877. Lawyer. 315 California St., S. F. Otis, Frank, A. B.; A. M. 1876. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Reinstein, J. B., A. B.; A. M. Law- yer. 217 Sansome St., S. F. Rhoda, Franklin, A. B. Three years' course S. F. Theological Seminary ; graduated and licensed to preach by San Francisco Presbytery, 1889. Has been Moderator of San Francisco Presbytery, and at present its Stated Clerk. Ministry in Presbyterian Church. 19th and Railroad Aves., S. F. Scott, Ebenezer, A. B. ; Ph. B. ; A. M. 1876. Stock broker, and Secretary Union Pressed Brick and Terra Cotta Compan5^ 322 Pine St., S. F. Wetmore, Clarence Jesse, A. B.; A. M. 1876. Secretary State Board of Viticulture. Chief Executive Offi- cer, State Board of Viticulture; Viti- culturist. 325 Pine St., S. F. Woodward, Thomas Patterson, Ph.B. Aid United States Coast Survey, iSyj- yj; Astronomer Transit of Venus, Pekin, China, i8'/4 ; Member Board of Education, San Francisco, three tertns, i88j-ublic schools until i88<^. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Harmon, Edward Newell, A. B. Lumber merchant, 42 Market St., S. F. Hayne, Brewton A., A. B ; A. M. 1884. Tow7i Attorney for Berkeley. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Hollister, Lottie M. (Mrs. G. B. Jacobs), B. L. Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico. Kelsey, Arthur Louis, B. S.; M. D., Jefferson Medical College, 1888. President Ventura County Medical So- ciety ; Captain arid Assistant Surgeon Seventh Regiment, N. G. C. Physi- cian and Surgeon. Santa Paula. Louisson, Edward, B. S. Traveling salesman. 1153 Octavia St., S. F. Medbery, Millie (Mrs. Wm. Reed), B. S. 470 13th St., Oakland. Merrill, Hiram Francis Fontaine, B. S. County Surveyor and Deputy County Clerk. Merchant. Suisun, Solano Co. Newman, Jerome, B. S. Care N. P. R. R., Tacoma, Wash. Pownall, Joseph B., B. S. Columbia. Ridge, Nannie Northrup (Mrs. J. E Frick), B. L. Baker City, Or. Ruef, Abraham, A. B. Lawyer. 402 Montgomery St., S. F. Sanford, Edmund Clark, A. B.; Ph. D., Johns Hopkins University, 1888. Fellow, fohns Hopkins University , i88y-88 ; Acting Editor, American foicriial of Psychology, 1888-89. As- sistant Professor of Psychology, Clark University. Worcester, Mass. Schindler, Andrew D., B. S. Resi- dent Engineer, Southern Pacific Com- pany. Tucson, A. T. Thome, Andrew, B. L- Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Walton, Frank J., B. L. d. 1883. Walcott, Earle Ashley, B. L- Edi- torial writer, San Francisco Examiner. 37 Scott St., S. F. 32 — *2 1884. Beatty, William Adam, B.L.; LL. B. 1887. Lawyer. 318 Pine St., S. F. Bosse, Charles Oscar, B. S. Mechan- ical engineer and draughtsman. 1 2 18 North 4th St., Tacoma, Wash. Bradford, William Frederic, B. S. Sonora. Chase, John L. M., B. L- d. 1894. Dunn, James P. H., B. S.; M. D. 1888. Physician. iio5;;2 Broadway, Oakland. Gompertz, Helen M., B. L. Berkeley. Graham, Adelaide E., B. L. 1006 Chester St., Oakland. Hoefer, Eugene, B. S Huggins, Charles, B. S. Town Engi- neer of Berkeley. Berkeley. GRADUATES: ACADEMIC COLLEGES 3^3 Le Conte, Caroline E., B. L. Berkeley. Lezinsky, David L., A. B. Lawyer. 1607 Post St., S. F. Mezes, Sidney Edward, B. S. Lec- turer on Ethics, Bryn Maivr; Doccnt in Philosophy , University of Chicago. Professor of Philosophy, University of Texas. Austin, Texas. Miller, Isabella J., B. L. 12 17 Leavenworth St., S. F. Newell, Blanche Estelle, Ph. B. Livermore. Pond, James Haven, A. B. President County Board of Education, Sacramento County. Principal Sacramento High School. 1022 P St., Sacramento. Powers, Frank H., B. S. Lawyer. State Assembly, 1895. 533 Kearny St., S. F. Ramm, Charles Adolph, B. S. ; A. M. , St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, 18S9; S. T. B., St. Mary's Seminary, 1891. Recorder of the Faculties at Berkeley, 18S6-S'/. Catholic priest ; graduate student at the Johns Hopkins Univer- sit}', Baltimore. vSt. Mary's Seminar}', Baltimore, Md. Scobie, Marguerite (Mrs. J. D. Davis), B. L. Princeton, N. J. Walcott, Maude (Mrs. F. A. Butts), B. L. d. Walcott, Mabel (Mrs. W. A. Beatty), B. L. 318 Pine St., S. F. Wheeler, Charles Stetson, B. L- Member of the law firm of Garber, Boalt & Bishop of San Francisco. 2200 Post St., S. F. 24 — *2 1885. Barber, Joseph Edwin, A. B. En- gaged in newspaper work. Central Ave., near Park St., Alameda. Brewer, Rev. William Augustus, A. B.; B. D., General Theological Semi- nar}', New York, 1883. Head Master St. Matthew's School. San Mateo. Brown, Paul Francis, B. L. Under Sheriff of San Benito County. HoUister. Bryant, Herman Bradford, B. L- d. Sept. I, 1887. Campbell, Mary Marston, B. L. Teacher in Oakland Public Schools. 1262 Webster St., Oakland. Cheney, William Fitch, B.L.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 18S9. Ad- junct to the Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, and Secretary of the Faculty, Cooper Medi- cal College ; Member of State Board of Medical Examiners. Physician. 906 Polk St., S. F. Congdon, Merton Joseph, B. S. Su- perintendejit of City Schools, Eureka, Nev. Principal Lorin School. Berkeley. Crittenden, Mary Alice, B. L. Teacher. 714 A.shbury St., S. F. Dibble, Wenona L. (Mrs. Edward Ackley), B. S. Teacher in public schools. 2917 Harrison St., S. F. Dikeman, Henry Edward, B. S. Berkeley. Dunn, Francis, A. B. Principal of Hi-gh School. San Rafael. Edwards, George, B. L. Berkeley. Feusier, H. E. Clermont, A. B. From iSSg to i8g.f in charge Primary Tri- angidation of U. S. Geological Survey on Pacific Coast. Civil engineer and surveyor. Sunol Glen, Alameda Co. Fulton, Adelaide M., Ph. B. Teacher of English Literature, Miss West's School for Girls. 12 15 Sutter St., S. F. Gibbons, Alice, B. L- Instructor in Alameda University Academy. 2434 Central Ave., Alameda. Happersberg, Albert Karl, A. B. Ph3'sician and surgeon. 1 104 Market St., S. F. Hayne, Stephen Duncan, A. B.; LL- B. 1888. Lawyer. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Heller, Emanuel Siegfried, B. S. Lawyer, Nevada Block, S. F. Heyman, Joseph Arnold, A. B. Sacramento. McAllister, Elliot Ward, A. B.; A. M., LL. B., Columbia, 1888. State Senator, 1893. Lawyer. 220 Sansome St., S. F. McLean, Fannie Williams, B. L. High School teacher. Berkeley. Meeks, W. V., A. B. d. April 18, 1886. Miller, Harry East, B. S.; Ph.D., Strassburg, Germany, 188S. Con- sulting and analytical chemist, S. F. 1264 Fourteenth St., Oakland. Myrick, Charles Marsden, B. S. 2709 Pine St., S. F. Putnam, Edward Williston, A. B. Riley, George Edward, Ph. B. Lawyer. Grass Valley. Rothganger, George, A. B.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1888. House Surgeon, City and County Hospital, San Francisco; Assistant Surgeon and Passed Assistant Surgeon, United States Navy. Passed Assistant Sur- geon, United States Naval Hospital, Mare Island. Care of Navy Pay OfBce, S. F. Russell, Thomas Bartlett, B. S. Treasurer and Engineer, Town of Hay- wards. Civil engineer Haywards. Shaw, Hattie L. (Mrs. A. B. Tayn- ton), B. S. Lorin. Shearer, Helen L. (Mrs. M. R. Craig), B. L. Teacher in Wilmington, Los Angeles County ; in Vinelaiid, Napa County; Assistant in Berkeley and Oakland High Schools. Teacher. St. Helena. Stone, Andrew L., B. L. 969 Broadway, Oakland. Sutton, John Grant, B. S. Munici- pal engineering. Tacoma, Wa,sh. Treat, Sarah Bachelder, B. L- High School Teacher of History. 2717 Pine St., S. F. Wakefield, Claude Buchanan, A. B. County Superintendent of Schools. Placerville. Warren Edwin Stafford, B. S. Scientific Mining. Manager, Maxwell City Development Company. Maxwell City, Colfax Co., N. M. 32— *2 1886. Austin, Stafford Wallace, Ph. B. Superintendent Schools, Inyo County. Lone Pine. Barnett, A. T., A. B.; LL- B. 18S9. State Assemblyman, i8gi-gj. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Biedenbach, Charles L., A. B. Head of Mathematical Department, Oak- land High School. A. M., 1894. 2526 College Ave., Berkeley. Braverman, Alfred, B. S. Vineyard- ist and general commission business, bank appraiser of lands, etc. Fresno. Chapman, Alice, B. L. Nevada City. Clark, George Thomas, B. S. Dep- 2ity Librarian, California State Li- brary. Librarian Free Public Library. San Francisco. Crocker, Gulielma R., A. B. Teach- er Mathematics and Natural Sciences in Union High School. Centerville, Alameda Co. Easton, Kimball G., A. B. Contrac- tor (street and railroad). Berkeley. Eells, Alexander G., Ph. B.; LL B. 1888. Lawyer. 325 Montgomery St., S. F. Fischer, Frank, A. B.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1891. Physician. 1409 Jackson St., S. F. Greene, Charles S., A. B, Manager Overland Monthly. 508 Montgomery St., S. F. Howard, Edward A., Ph. B. 819 15th St., Oakland. Jordan, Leslie Alexander, B. L. ; Captain's Commission. Principal of Union High School j, Hayzvards. Teacher in San Francisco School De- partment. 1818J2 Mason St., S. F. 3^4 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Levy, Harriet Lane, Ph. B. 92oO'FarrellSt., S. F. 22d St. and Broadway, Oakland. Moflatt, James Kennedy., B. S. Asst. Cashier First National Bank, S. F. Sprague, Frances R., B. L.; M. D., Woman's Medical College of Pennsyl- vania, 1891. Physician. 928 Sutter St., S. F. Turner, Robert Chester, B. S. Min- ing engineer. Bodie. Waterman, Waldo S., B. S. Cuyamaca. 19— * I 1887. Ashley, Arthur Henry, Ph. B. I,aw- yer. , Yosemite Theater Bldg., Stockton. Bartnett, Walter John, A. B. ; I^Iy-B. 1890. Lawyer. Member of firm of Gunnison, Booth & Bartnett. 328 Montgomery St.; residence Uni- versity Club, S. F. Blanchard, Milton Eugene, B. L. Teacher Lowell High School. 1715 Polk St., S. F. Boyd, George Davis, Ph B.; LL. B. 1890. Captain and Aide-de-Camp to General Commanding Second Brigade, N. G. C Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Bush, Robert E., B. S. Berkeley. Cooper, Fanny, A. B. Elwood, Santa Barbara Co. Cross, Arthur Dudley, B. S. Heat- ing and Ventilating Engineer for Geo. H. Tay Compau)'. 610-620 Batter}' St., S. F. Dikeman, Simon G., B. S. Dudley, George D., B. L-; LL- B. 1 89 1 . District A ttorney, Glenn County, iSgj-g/f.. Lawyer. Willows, Glenn Co. Elsasser, M., B. S. Manager ore buying and milling company. Catorce, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Gamble, Thomas A., A. B.; LL. B., Harvard University, 1890. Lawyer. 330 Burke Bldg., Seattle, Wash. Gear, Albert V., A. B. Honolulu, H. I. Gray, John Hatfield, Jr., B. S. As- sistant to State Analyst (of California), l88y-po ; Assistant in Chemistry , Uiii- versity of California, i88g-go, and hi- structor in Chemist?y, i8go-g2; Fellow in Chemistry, Clark University, i8g2 -p/. Instructor in Physics and Chem- istry, State Normal School. Chico. Gregory, Warren Cranston, a. B.; LL. B. 1890. Lawyer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Grover, Alice (Mrs. James L. Whit- beck), B. L. 1 314 Tenth St., Sacramento. Hostetter, EttaN. (Mrs. T.E. Haven), Ph. B. 530 California St., S. F. Jump, Robert L., Ph. B.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1890. Physi- cian. Fruitvale (Dimond P. O.), Alameda Co. Knapp, Moses Arthur, B. S. Mining engineer. 1382 Webster St. , Oakland. Mather, Stephen Tyng, B. L. Man- ager Chicago house of F. M. Smith, Pacific Coast Borax Company. 269 Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. McCann, Ferdinand, B. S. Chem- ist and Assayer, and Foreman of Chlori- nation. Lustre Mining Company. El Oro, Mexico, via Jimenez. McNeely, Ella Caroline, Ph. B. Teacher of English , Tulare High School; Assistant Principal, Ogden High School. Pursuing post-graduate course at Uni- versity of California. 954 Adeline St., Oakland. Miller, Adolph C, A. B.; A.M., Har- vard, 1888. Instructor in Political Economy, Harvard, i88p-go ; Lecturer in Political Economy, U}iiversity of California, i8po-gi ; Associate Pro- fessor of Political Economy and Finance, Cornell, i8gi-g2. Professor of Finance and Taxation, University of Chicago. Hotel Barry, Chicago, 111. Murphey, John Douglas, Ph. B. County Clerk and Recorder of Mono County ; President of Board of Ed- ucation. Bridgeport. Oury, Francis W., B. S. d. -. Peyton, William C, B. S. Santa Cruz. Pickering, Edward Charles, LL. D.; B. S., Harvard, 1865; A. M., Har- vard, 18S0; LL. D., University of Michigan, 1887. Director of the As- ironomical Observatory of Harvard, i8'j'/. Astronomer. Observatory, Cambridge, Mass. Prag, Florence, Ph. B. 1908 Scott St., S. F. Randall, Henry Irwin, B. S. Assis- tant Engineer, Southern Pacific Com- pany ; engineer in several private enterprises. Instructor in Civil Engi- neering, University of California. 2000 Durant Ave. , Berkeley. Rathbone, Harry B., Ph. B. 1600 Taylor St., S. F. Raymond, William James, B. S. Studied Physics at the fohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, iSgs-gj, with Prof. H. A. Rowland. Instructor in Physics, University of California. Berkeley, Rickard, Thomas, B. S. Machinery merchant with Parke & Lacy Com- pany, San Francisco. Durant and College Aves., Berkeley. Rixford, Emmet, B. S.; M, D., Cooper Medical College. Adjunct to Chair of Sztrgery, Cooper Medical Col- lege. Physician. 1713 PierceSt., S.F. Rogers, Laussat R., A. B. 604 Merchant St., S. F. Samuels, Jacob, A. B. Lawyer. 130 Sansome St., S. F. Sanderson, William W., Ph. B.; LL- B. 1890. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Sloss, Joseph, B. S. Secretary and Treasurer of Miller, Sloss & Scott. 18, 20 and 22 Fremont St., S. F. Tayter, Henry Benedict, B. L. Mer- chant. 704 Eighth St., Oakland. Thatcher, Arthur James, B. S. Law- yer. Redwood City. Turner, Frederick Chester, B. S. United States Assistant Engineer, un- der Lieutenant- Colonel IV. H. H. Ben- gaurd, Corps of Etigineers, U. S. Army. United States Assistant Engi- neer. 1 1 17 Brush St., Oakland. Wangenheim, Julius, B. S. Mer- cantile and banking house of S. Newman. Newman. White, Mary, Ph. B. Assistant in Salinas High School; Teacher in Santa Cruz High School; Vice- Principal, Red- wood City Schools. Assistant, Mendo- cino City High School. Mendocino City. Wilkinson, John F., B. S. New Almaden. Wilson, Catharine Emma, A. B. Teacher, Head of Classical Department, Girls' High School, San Francisco. 171 1 Baker St., S. F. A-l *I 1888. ^ Allardt, Charles Ferdinand, B. S. Civil Engineer, Oahu Railroad Co., Honolulu, H. I. 1 127 Linden St., Oakland. Allardt, Frederick Adolph, Ph. B. Teller Oakland Bank of Savings. 1 127 Linden St., Oakland. Bachman, Arthur, Ph. B. Traveling salesman, Esberg, Bachman & Co. 1509 Gough St., S. F. Beard, James Edgar, Ph. B. Mer- chant. 25 Seminary St., Napa. Booth, Franklin, B. S. Instructor in Mining and Metalbcrgy, University of California. Booth, James P., A. B. Daily Report staff. Press Club, S. F. Bosqui, Francis L., Ph. B.; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1891. Physician. 506 Sutter St., S. F. Brown, Isidor I., A. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. GRADUATES: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 3^^ Cook, Finlay, Ph. B. Recorder of the Faculties, University of California, i88g-gi. Lawyer. Mills Bldg,, S. F. ^ Residence, 642 Waller St., S. F. Downs, Walter Ephraim, B. S. Civil Engineer, Underground Mine Surveyor, and U. S. Deputy Mineral Surveyor. Sutter Creek. Drew, Elmer R., B. S. Instructor in Physics, University of California. 472 24th St., Oakland. Ellis, Adrian C, Jr., A. B.; LIv- B. 1 89 1. I/awyer. Salt I.ake City, Utah. Ellsworth, Oliver, A. B.; \X,. B. 1891. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Hefty, Emma, B. L. Instructor, Cali- fornia School of Mechanical Arts, S. F. 806 Franklin St., Oakland. Hillegass, George W., B. L. Berkelej^ Holbrook, Henry M., Ph. B. Treas- urer and Director of the corporation of Holbrook, Merrill & Stetson. 1901 Van Ness Ave., S. F. Johnson, Letitia Eleanor, B. L. Teacher in Contra Costa and Alameda counties. Teacher in Oakland School Department. 767 Alice St., Oakland. Kip, William Ingraham, Jr., B. A.; S. T. B., General Theological Semi- nary, New York, 1892. Clergyman. Instructor at Church Divinity School, San Mateo ; also minister-in-charge of Chapel of Good Samaritan, San Fran- cisco. 901 Eddy St., S. F. Knight, Robert Stuart, Ph. B. Manager Vallejo Water Company. 114 Eleventh St., Oakland. Koshland, Montefiore., B. S. d. 1889. Layman, Joseph Dieffenbach, B. L Assistant Eibrarian, University of California. Berkeley. Merrill, George A., B. S, Priiicipal, Cogswell Polytechnic College. Princi- pal, California School of Mechanical Arts. 224 Noe St, S. F. Monroe, Henry E., B. E- Eawyer. 216 Bash St., S. F. Murphy, Mayella G., Ph. B. Palmer, Theodore Sherman, A. B. First Assistant Ornithologist, United States Department of Agriculture. Division of Ornithology, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Rieber, Charles Henry, A. B. Prin- cipal of Schools, Placerville. Teacher of Mathematics, Belmont School. Belmont. Ritter, William E., B. S.; A. M., Ph. D., Harvard. A.ssistant Professor of Biology, University of California. Berkeley. Stoney, Gaillard, A. B.; EE. B. 1891. Assistant City and County Attorney. New City Hall, S. F. Stratton, George M., A. B. In- structor in Philosophy, University of California. Berkeley. Sutton, James, Ph. B. Recorder's Clerk, University of California, iSSg-gi. Recorder of the Faculties, University of California; Treasurer of the Philo- sophical Union, University of Cal- ifornia. Berkeley. Turner, Charles Edward, A. B.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1894. Physician and surgeon. 717 O'Farrell St., S. F. Variel, William James, B. S. Law- yer. Abstract Building, Eos Angeles. Wentworth, Wm. Hannaford, A. B. Medical student. Cooper Medical College, S. F. Woodhams, Maurice Sullivan, A. B,; EE. B. 1 89 1. Eawyer. 508 Montgomery St., S. F. 35— *i 1889. Bakewell, Charles M.. A. B. Stu- dent of Philosophy, Leipzig, Germany. Bonner, Charles G., B. S. Fresno. Bunker, Minnie, A. B. Teacher of History and English in Denver High School. 1927 Grant Ave., Denver, Colo. Clark, Emily Caryl, B. E.; M. E. 1892. Teacher of English, Eos An- geles High School. 630 S. Hill St., Los Angeles. Craig, William Talton, Ph. B. Law- yer. Temple Block, Eos Angeles. Dornin, John Cushing, B. S. Insu- rance agent. ■> Everett, Snohomish Co., Wash. Dow, William Alonzo, Ph. B. Mem- berof Oakland City Council, 1893-95 ; President thereof, 1894-95. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Duhring, Frederick T., Ph. B, Lawyer. 120 Sutter St. , S. F. Edelman, David William, A. B.; M. D., Medical College, University of the City of New York. Physician. 1343 S. Flower St., Los Angeles, Fisher, Grace Merriam, B. E ; M, E- 1892, Teacher of History, Oakland High School. 904 Filbert St., Oakland. Flaherty, John L., A. B, 911 Steiner St., S. F. Hayne, Arthur P., Ph. B, Instructor in charge of Viticulture and Olive Culture, University of California. Berkeley. Holmes, Charles Edward, B. S. Member of firm of Renton, Holmes & Co. Pier 3, Steuart St., S. F. Hutchinson, Lincoln, Ph. B.; A. B., Harvard, 1893. 1910 Howard St., S. F. Jepson, Willis Linn, Ph. B. Presi- dent of Chamisso Bota?iical Club; Editor of '' Erythea," a monthly journal of Botatty. Assistant in Botanj', Univer- sity of California. Berkeley. Jory, Henry J., B. S. Assayer, fore- man and superintendent of various mines. Manager Blazing Star Mill and Chlorination Works. West Point. Lazarus, Armand., A. B. d. 1890. Lee, Elsie Bloomfield, B. E. Teacher in Oakland High School. College Ave., near Bancroft Way, Berkeley. Lermen, John J., A. B. 10 Pearl St., S. F. Lukens, George Russell, Ph. B. Lawyer. 212 Sansome St., S. F. McLean, Mary Elizabeth, Ph. B. Teacher of English Literature and History in High School. San Rafael. Melvin, Henry A., Ph. B. 358 E. 14th St., Oakland. Mendelson, Louis A., Ph. B. Santa Ana. Moffitt, Herbert Charles, B. S.; M. D., Harvard, 1893. House officer, Mass- achusetts General Hospital, i8gj-pj. Boston, Mass. Moore, Ralph H., B. S. Risdon Iron Works, S. F. Murphy, Francis D., A. B. 319 Oak St , S. F. Noble, Charles Albert, B. S. Teacher of Mathematics, Oakland High School, i8Sg; Boys' High School, San Fran- cisco, i8go-gj. Student of Mathe- matics, Universit}^ of Gottingen. Gottingen, Hanover, Germany. Nourse, Beverly Stephen, A. B. Principal Coulterville Grammar School; Vice- Principal Dixon High School. Medical Student, Cooper Medical Col- lege. 1902 Webster St., S. F. Proctor, Wilfred E., B. S. Resident Manager and Engineer of Blue Lakes Water Company. Sutter Creek, or 319 Pine St., S. F. Rowlands, William E., B. S. Mount Eden. Sands, John A., Ph. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg, , S. F, Schutte, John Henry, A. B. Mer- chant. 148, 150 Valencia St., S. F. Steffens, Joseph Lincoln, Ph. B. Re- ceived degrees from Universities at Berlin, Leipzig, Heidelberg, Paris and ^6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA the Sorbonne. Reporter New York Evening Post. > 2 ID Broadway, New York City. Stone, Luella, B. S.; M. D., California Medical College, 1892. Physician and surgeon. 1 00 1 Jackson St., Oakland. Sturtevant, George Abram, Ph. B. Assemblyman^ i8go-gi. District At- torney and lawyer. Ukiah. Sullivan, Thomas Berry, Ph. B. Re- porter San Francisco Chronicle. 1412 Sacramento St., S. F. Thornton, Philip B., A. B. 402 Kearny St., S. F. Von Adelung, Edward, Jr.. B. S.; M. D. Student of the Royal Univer- sitj' of Berlin (Prussia), in the study of medicine. Potsdamer Strasse Nr. 13, Berlin, Ger- many. Widber, Augustus C, B. S. 1415 Geary St., S. F. 39— * I I890. Bailey, Henry French, Ph. B. Santa Cruz. Gary, James Hickcox, Ph. B.; LIv-B. 1893. Ivawyer. 508 Montgomery St.; residence, 810 Chestnut St., S. F. Chapman, Josephine, Ph. B. Stu- dent in art. 2225 Paciiic Ave., Alameda. Chesnut, Victor King, B. S. 804 9th St., N. W., Washington, D.C. Davis, William Henry, B. L. Law- yer. Bryson Block, I^os Angeles. Dean, Richard Frank, A. B. 1403 2ist St., S. F. Demarest, David Clarence, B. S. Proprietor of foundry and machine shops. Angels, Calaveras Co. Dobbins, Rosemary, Ph. B. Teacher in Kellogg School, Berkeley. 1 94 1 Berkeley Way, Berkeley. Dyer, Hubert Paul, B. S. With Cut- ting Fruit Packing Company. 125 Market St., S. F. Halladay, Daniel S., B. S. Transit- man in employ of Ferro Carril del Norte, Guatemala. San Pedro Sula, Republic of Hon- duras, Central America. Henderson, Andrew Mitchell, A. B. M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1893. Physician. Railroad Hospital, Sacramento. Henderson, Ernest Norton, Ph. B.; A. B. 1893 ; A. M. 1894. Graduate student and Fellow in Philosophy, Universit}' of California. 1268 nth Ave., Oakland. Henderson, Fanny Matilda, B. L. Teacher in Lincoln School, Oakland. 767 Alice St., Oakland. Hewitt, Leslie Randall, B. T- Law- yer. 1027 South Hill St., Los Angeles. Hill, Edward Coke, B. L. Lawyer. Seattle, Wash. Hobson, Ruth Wales (Mrs. Tangier Smith), A. B. Occidental College, Los Angeles. Howell, Hugh, B. S. Civil Engineer on Spreckels' Sugar Plantation. Kahului, Maui Island, care Hawaiian Commercial Company, H. I. Incell, Arthur, B. S. Architect and engineer. 701 Post St., 3- F. Jenkins, Jabez Arthur, B. S. Retalhuleu, Guatemala, C. A. Lakenan, Cornelius B., B. S. Lang, Norman Russell, Ph. B. Oregon Citv, Or. Mack, Arthur Fisher, B. S. 1022 Union St., Oakland. McKisick, Lewis, Ph. B. 711 Jones St., S. F. McMurray, Orrin Kip, Ph. B.; LL. B. 1893. Lawyer. Mills Building. Residence, 1420 Haj'es St., S. F. McNear, Frederick William, Ph. B. A. B., Harvard University, 1891; LL- B., Harvard Law School, 1894. Lawyer. University Club, S. F. McNeill, Anna, Ph. B. Teaching; Assistant Principal, Garden Grove High School. Garden Grove, Iowa. Merrill, Ruth, B. L- English teacher in Watso7iville High School. Teacher of English in Santa Cruz High School. 17 Van Ness Ave., Santa Cruz. Morton, Mary E. G., A. B. Senior teacher, Nevada City High School. Nevada City. Parker, Henry G., B. S. Assistant engineer in United States Engineer Office. 559 23d St., Oakland. Peck, Samuel Stodole, B. S.; Ph. G. 1892. Druggist. 2503,14 California St., S. F. Pierce, Archie Burton, B. S.; A.M., Harvard University, 1S92. In college year 1891-92, held the Harvard Club scholarship of $250. Instructor in Mathematics, University of California. Berkeley. Ramsdell, Ada Hope, Ph. B. Teacher of English in Berkeley High School. Teacher of History in Alameda High School. 151 2 Encinal Ave., Alameda. Rich, Frank Elmer, Ph. B. Clerk, Southern California Railway Company (Santa Fe system). 708 W. i8th St., Los Angeles. Rideout, John Dunning, A. B. d. iS93- Rodgers, William Lafayette, Ph. B. ; LL- B. 1893. Lawyer, with Rodgers & Paterson. Nevada Block, S. F. Residence, 2641 Sacramento St., S. F. Samuels, Leon, Ph. B.; LL. B. 1893. Lawyer. 530 California St., S. F. Stearns, Edward Heald, A. B., Law- yer. 1019 8th St., Oakland. Stokes, Guy Heancastle, Ph. B. City Superintendent of Schools, Nevada City. Principal, High School, Marys- ville. Marysville. Stoney, Donzell, Ph. B. Lawyer. 4 Sutter St., S. F. Street, Arthur Irwin, A. B. Salt Lake City. Smith, Wm. Sidney Tangier, B. L. Teacher. Occidental College, Los Angeles. Terry, Wallace Irving, B. S. ; M. D. 1892. Honse Surgeon at St. Luke's Hospital, S. F.; Sacramento County Hospital. City Physician of Sacra- mento. 1240 N St., Sacramento. Townsend, Charles Edward, Ph. B. Clerk in Oakland Bank of Savings. 1204 loth St., Oakland. Wharff, Frederick Leslie, Ph. B. Berkeley. Wilson, Henry Lord, Ph. B. Student. 530 California St., S. F. Wright, Frederick William, B. S. Assistant Chemist, University of Cali- foriiia. Agriculture. Arago, Coos Co., Or. 47— * I 1891. Ainsworth, Harry Babbitt, B. S. Central Bank of Oakland. Allen, Arthur Fuller, B. S. 462 Santa Clara Ave., Alameda. Allen, Walter Cummings, B. S.; Graduate Student Course, General Electric Company, Schenectady, N. Y. Superintendent of Street Light- ing, Washington, D. C. 508 Sutter St., S. F. Bentley, Charles Harvey, A. B. Manufacturer. Box 222, Sacramento. Blake, Anson Stiles, A. B. Berkeley. Bunnell, Edwin, A. B. M. D. 1894. Physician. 1844 Geary St., S. F. Carssow,FelixHugo, B. S. Draughts- man. 616 Folsom St., S. F. De Fremery, Grace H., B. L. Box 64, Oakland. Ehrman, Albert Leopold, Ph. B. Buyer for M. Ehrman & Co. ■ 104 Front St., S. F. Elhot, Albert Howell, A. B. Law- yer. 34 Hanover Place, S. F. GRADUATES: ACADEMIC COLLEGES 3^7 Fisk, Henry Alfred, B. L, Graduate Divinity Student in the University of Chicago, and Pastor Baptist Church. St, Charles, lU, Gunnison, Albert Warren, A. B.; A. M. 1893. Teacher. 922 2ist St., S. F. Hall, Burton Luther, Ph. B. Teacher of English, Visalia High School. 330 N. Griffin Ave., Los Angeles. Hamilton, Emily Judson, Ph. B. Teacher in State Normal School, San Jose. Teacher of English in Alameda High School. 1229 St. Charles St., Alameda. Harker, Charles Groff. Real estate. 3214 Washington St., S. F. Head, Horace Caldwell, Ph. B, Principal of a Grammar School iti Orange Coimty, Student in Hastings College of the Eaw. 26 McAllister St., S. F. Hilbom, Edward Payson, Jr., B. S Engineering Department of the South- ern Pacific Compan3^ Arroyo Grande. Jones, David Guernsey, Ph. B. Student. Bergheimerstrasse 87, Heidelberg, Germanj^ Juilliard, Frederic Augustus, B. E. Deputy Clerk Sonoma County. Woolen and worsted commission. 65 Worth St., New York City. King, Mary Alice, Ph. B. Berkeley. Leavy, Rosetta L., Ph. B. Post- graduate Student, University of Cali- fornia ; Candidate for degree of Master of Letters. 2727 Pacific Ave., S. F. Le Conte, Joseph Nisbet, B, S.; M. M. E., Cornell University, 1892. Assistant in Mechanical and Elec- trical Laboratories, University of California. Berkeley. McFarlin, Herbert Sampson, B. L. Reporter on Oakland Enquirer. 480 Edwards St., Oakland. Meeker, James Denman, B. A. Vice- Principal, Berkeley High School. Box G, Berkeley. Merrill, Charles W., B. S. Metal- lurgist. 117 Geary St., S. F. Michener, Charles Gerald, A. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S- F. Miller, William Penn, Jr., B. S. Metallurgist. Melrose, Alameda Co. Montague, Henry Bradford, B. L.; LL. B., Harvard, 1894. Lawyer. 31 Fair Oaks St., S. F. Morrow, William Grant, Ph. B. Mining. 414 California St., S. F. Palache, Charles, B. S. Fellow in Geology, University of California. Sinsenhof bei Konigstein, Saxony, Germany. Ph. D. 1894. Parcells, Frank Mershon, Ph. B. Student of Law at Harvard Law School. 71 Hammond St., Cambridge, Mass. Rich, Francis Arthur, B. S. Super- intendent, Sheridan and Mcndota Mill, Tellnride, Colorado. Chief Engineer Sheridan Building (in charge of steam and electric plant used for manufac- turing purposes), mine examiner and draughtsman. Sheridan Building, or care Waters Bros., Mining Engineers, Sheridan Building, Denver, Colo. Seymour, Arthur Mc Arthur, Ph. B. Lawyer. Sacramento. Shaw, Addison Eugene, A. B. Law- j'cr. 508 Montgomery St.; residence, 1317A ClaySt.,S. F. Thompson, James Goodwin, Ph. B.; M. D. 1S94. Physician. Modesto, Stanislaus Co. Waste, William Harrison, Ph. B.; LL- B. 1894. Lawyer. 906 Broadway, Oakland. Weaver, Philip Lawrence, Jr., Ph. B. Lawyer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Whitbeck, James L., A. B. Insu- rance business. 1314 Tenth St., Sacramento. White, John Henry, B. L. Instruc- tor in Berkeley Gymnasium. Berkeley. Willard, Emma, A. M.; A. B., Ober- lin College, 1888. School teacher. Student in University of Chicago. 5555 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, 111. Williams, Cora L., Ph. B. Vice- Principalship, Santa Ana High School. Teaching. Santa Ana. 55-* I 1892. Agnew, Elizabeth Olive, Ph. B. Public school teacher. 1 150 Park Ave., Alameda. Aiken, Albert C, Ph. B. Lawyer. 14 Sansome St., S. F. Allen, Harris Stearns, Ph. B. Pro- prietor Pacific Coast Press Clipping Bureau, San Francisco. 560 East Sixteenth St., Oakland. Baldwin, Caroline Willard, B. S.; D. S., Cornell University, 1895. Stu- dent. 44 Walnut Ave., Santa Cruz. Beaver, Florence Emily, B. L. Blasdale, Walter Charles, B. S. First Assistant in Department of Chem- istry, University of California. Berkeley. Blood, George Deroy, B. S. Metal- lurgist with the Ontario Silver Mining Company. Park City, Utah. Bridges, Edith. Teacher of Mathe- matics and History in Miss Head's School. Berkeley. Brier, Martha Annette, B. L. Teacher of English and History, Union High School, No. 2, Centerville, Ala- meda County. Teacher of English, Latin and History in San Luis Obispo High School clas.ses. 522 Charter St., Oakland. Browne, Frederick Dorwin, B. S. Assistant United States Engineer, Engineer Corps, U. S. Arm3^ 977 East Twenty-eighth St., East Oakland. Byler, Emmett Addison, B. S. Civil and mining engineering and survey- ing. Cripple Creek, Colo. Chapman, William Dudley, B. S. Assayer, Idlewild Gold Mining Com- pany. Greenwood, El Dorado Co. Clark, Wa,rren Vester, Jr., B. S. United States Deputy Mineral Sur- veyor, iSgj-g^.. Civil engineer for Miller & Lux, Kern County. Bakersfield. Clayes, Mary Bird, A. B,; A. M. 1894. Teacher in Berkeley High School. 2420 Dwight Way, Berkeley. Cohn, Robert David, B. L- Student of Medicine. Freiburg, Germany. Craft, Mabel Clare, Ph. B.; LL. B. 1895. Special writer, San Francisco Chronicle. 1551 Ninth Ave., East Oakland. Crary, Agnes, A. B. Teacher of English, State Normal School, Chico. Teacher of English, State Normal School. Los Angeles. Gushing, Caroline Morland, Ph. B. 1669 13th St., Oakland. Davis, Edward Walker, B. L, entered with class of 1874, but owing to sick- ness diploma was not issued till 1892. Superintendent of Schools, Sonoma County, iS'j8-8o. Farmer ; Superin- tendent of Schools for Sonoma County, elected November 6, 1894, for term of 4 years. Santa Rosa, Sonoma Co. Edwards, Charles Albert, Ph, B. Santa Barbara. Fogg, William Willis, B. S. Civil engineer. Macdonough Building; residence, 770 Thirteenth St., Oakland. Galloway, Ida Gray, Ph, B. Head Teacher of Blathcmatics, Mills College. Teacher. 198 Walnut St., Freeport, 111. Garber, Joseph Baldwin, Ph. B. Law student. Lorin. Gentry, William Henry Harrison, Ph. B. 19 Irving St., Cambridge, Mass. 358 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Goodyear, Everett Farnum, A. B. Bakersfield. Grannis, Ellen Electa, A. M.; A. B., Oberlin College, Ohio, 1878. Teach- ing. 2234 Pacific Ave., S. F. Gray, James Huntington, B. S. In- spector of Machinery and Appliances and Claim Agent of Illinois Steel Company. 4213 Ellis Ave., Chicago, 111. Greene, Carlton Webster, Ph. B. Deputy County Clerk and Clerk of Department 3, Superior Court, Ala- meda County. Student of law. Oakland. Greene, Francis Melbourne, B. L. 1357 Post St., S. F. Grover, Harriet Margaret, A. B. Assistant teacher in Sacramento High School. 1 100 H St., Sacramento. Haas, Edward Francis, B. S.; C. E., Columbia School of Mines, 1894. ^45- sistant in Civil E?tgineering a?id Astronomy, i8g2-g^^ University of California. In the ofS.ce of the City Engineer of Stockton. 186 Fremont St., Stockton. Harris, Isador, Ph. B. 1 1 27 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Heacock, Lulu, B. ly. Teaching. Santa Cruz. Hellman, I. W., Jr., Ph. B. Vice- President and Manager of Farmers' and Merchants' Bank. Tos Angeles. Hengstler, Louis Theodore, A. M.; Grad. Stuttgart Polytechnicum, 1883. Instructor in Mathematics, University of California. Ph.D. 1894. Berkeley. Hodgkins, Georgiana, Ph. B. Teach- ing. 1 302 E. Grand A ve. , Des Moines, Iowa. Humphreys, William Penn, Jr., Ph. B.; A. B., Harvard, 1893. Eaw stu- dent in office of Garber, Boalt & Bishop, San Francisco. 816 Chestnut St., S. F. Lloyd, Lee White, B. S. d, 1893. Matteson, David Maydole, Ph. B. Student. Berkeley. McKisick, Robertson Topp, Ph. B. Principal of Union High School. Elk Grove, Sacramento Co. McLean, Francis Herbert, A. B. Post-graduate at Johns Hopkins. 824 North Carey St., Baltimore, Md. Molloy, Thomas Stephen, A. B. Redwood City. Norris, Robert Stewart, B. S. Instructor in Chemistry, University of California. Berkeley. O'Brien, Victor Lathrop, Ph. B. I,aw student. 402 Montgomery St., S. F. Pait, Albert Clinton, A. B. Lawyer. 21 18 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley. Palmer, John Brooks, Ph. B. Law- yer. 2500 Fillmore St., S. F. Partridge, John Slater, A. B. ; A. M. 1 894. Teacher in Lowell High School. 727 Shotwell St., S. F. Pringle, Edward J., Jr., Ph. B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Rich, Francis Arthur, B. S. Telluride, Colo. Robinson, George Prentiss, B. S. Clerk, Pay Department, U. S. Army. Denver, Colo. Ryan, Rosa Emily, Ph. B. Instructor in Mathematics in Watsonville High School. Watsonville, or 1022 O St., Sacra- mento. Sanborn, Mary Shackford, Ph. B. Berkeley. Sharpe, Selina, B. S. Taught Sciences and Mathematics in Marysville High School two years. Student at Univer- sity of California, and student of music in Oakland Conservatory. 579 E. 23d St., Oakland. Somers, Burbank Gustave, A. B. Law student. 1034 Mission St., S. F. Stone, George Frederick, B. S. looi Jackson St , Oakland. Tompkins, Perry Thomas, B. L- Santa Rosa. Turner, Charles Louis, A. B. Prin- cipal Union High School No. 2, Ala- meda County. Centerville. Watson, Jessie Eleanor, Ph. B. Berkeley. Webster, Albert Bradford, A. B. 1229 Franklin St., Oakland. Wheeler, Roscoe, Jr., B. S. Civil engineer. Macdonough Building, Oak- land; residence Fruitvale, Alameda Co. Winter, De, B. L.; A. M., Harvard, 1894. Student. Berkeley. Young, Clement Calhoun, B. L- Lowell High School, S. F. 61— * I 1893. Allen, Lewis Whitaker, B. S. Med- ical student. 560 E. 1 5th St., Oakland. Bakewell, John, Jr., A. B. Student of architecture. Berkeley. Barker, Eugene Henry, B. L. 18 18 Union St., S. F. Bartlett, Louis de Fontenay, Ph. B. Law student. 530 California St., S. F. Bonner, Ernest Chappell, Ph. B. Student at law college. 1 106 Gough St., S. F. Bradshaw, Ethel Rebecca, Ph. B. Teaching. Woodland, Yolo Co. Brann, Walter Scott, Ph. B. Law student with Galpin & Zeigler, and teacher. 45 Crocker Bldg. ; residence, 912 Pine St., S. F. Bridgman, Lillie Belle, M. S.; B. S., Agricultural College of Kansas, 1886. Teacher in the public schools of Santa Rosa, i8g2-94-- Teacher in High School. San Diego. Bunnell, Adelina (Mrs. A. H. Elliot), A. B. 34 Hanover Place, S. F. Carpenter, William Morris, B. S. Railroad location. Scotia or Berkeley. Comstock, Sophie Pleasants, B. L. Student of Literature. 1629 G St., Sacramento. Croudace, Elinor Maude, Ph. B. 2203 Fillmore St., S. F. Deacon, Frank Clarke, B. S. Draughtsman United States Engineer Corps, Col. W. H. H . Benyaurd' s office. Installation of electric lights and power. 1912 San Carlos Ave., S. F. Dolman, Annie Lucy, B. L. Teacher of English, Oakland High School. 560 Fourteenth St., Oakland. Drew, John Sheehan, Ph. B. Teach- er in Phj^sics, Berkeley High School. 1 1 12 Seventeenth St., S. F. Ellsworth^ Jennie, Ph. B. Niles. Foulks, George Herbert, B. L. Law- yer. Nevada Block, S. F. Gates, Egbert James, B. S. Clerk of State Board of Examiners. Capitol Building, Sacramento. Gates, Howard Baker, Ph. B. Medi- cal student. San Jose. Gooding, Louis Ebenezer, B. S. Assayer, Gold Bluff Mining Company. Downieville, Sierra Co. Graser, Anna Glave, Ph. B. Teach- ing. 1800 Walnut St., Berkeley. Greene, Mabel Ellsworth, Ph. B. 1413 Market St., Oakland. Hall, Bertha, B. L. 1 60 1 Telegraph Ave., Oakland. Hall, Mabel, Ph. B. 430 Post St., S. F. Hardy, Sarah McLean, Ph. B. Study- ing at University of Chicago for de- gree of Ph. D. Fellow in Political Economy, University of Chicago, dur- ing 1893-95. University of Chicago, Chicago, 111. Haskins, Samuel Moody, A. B. 1365 S. Hope St., Los Angeles. Hathorn, Ralph La Forest, Ph. B. 223 CappSt., S. F. Hennings, John Christian, B. S. /«- structor at the Vander Nailleii School of Engineeriiig . President of the Califor- nia College of Engineering, Mathe- GRADUATES: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 3^9 matics and Sciences. Teacher in the Lincoln District SchooL Woodfords, Alpine Co., or 410 Doug- las St., S. F, Henry, Walter H., Ph. B. Daw student. 1221 Harrison St., Oakland. Hinckley, Nathaniel Barns, Ph. B. Dawyer. Temple Block, Los Angeles. Holmes, Samuel J., B. S. ; M S. 1894. Assistant in Biological Depart- ment, University of California. Berkeley. Houghton, Edward Tompkins, A. B.; A. B., Harvard University, 1894. I^^w student. Mills Building, S. F. Howell, Kate Ruth, B. S. Head of Department of Natural Sciences and German in San Rafael High School. San Rafael. Hunt, Loren Edward, B. S. Assis- tant in Civil Engineering, University of California. Berkeley. Knight, Carl Laughlin, B. S. Assis- tant engineer, Folsom Water Power Company. Folsom. Koshland, Jesse, A. B. Wool-buyer for the firm of S. Koshland & Co. 1808 Pine St., S. F. Lachman, Arthur, B. S. 1234 Post St., S. F. Lang, Albert George, Ph. B. Assis- tant book-keeper, F. H. Ames & Co. 1300 Polk St., S. F. Latham, Milton Slocum, Ph. B. 1 104 Post St., S. F. Leach, Clarence Woodbury, Ph. B. Fellow in History and Political Science, Universitj^ of California. 1 1 16 AUce St., Oakland. Louisson, Edward B., B. S. Com- mercial traveler. New York, or 1153 Octavia St., S. F. Low, David, Ph. B. 203 1 California St. S. F. Manson, Marsden, Ph. D. ; C. E., Virginia Military Institute, 1870 ; Assistant Engineer, A. M. & O. R. R., i8y2-y/i.; Assistant Engijieer, United States engineering work on fames River and Kanawah Canal', iSy^-j^; Assistaiit City Engineer of Lynchburg, iSy^; Assistant Professor of Physics and Chemistry, Virginia Military Institute, iSyg-yj; in charge of debris investigation of California rivers, iSyS-So; Assistant Engitieer of U. S. Engineer Department, 1881-82 ; Chief Engijieer, Board of State Harbor Commissioners, San Francisco, i88j—g2; member of Board of Engineers, San Francisco Survey Examitiation, i8g2- 93. Consulting engineer, Commis- sioner of Public Works of California. Residence, 2010 Gough St.; oflSce, Flood Building, S. F. « Marsh, John Alfred, A. B. Lawyer. 2507 Howard St., S. P\ Mays, Edwin, Ph. B. Law student. 628 Salmon St., Portland, Or. McOlaughry, Harry Hull, A. B. Student of Law at Harvard Law School. Cambridge, Mass. McCracken, Augusta M., Ph. B. Teacher, Tehama County. Riverside High School. Riverside. Morrow, Robert Head, Ph. B. Law- yer. 916 Leavenworth St., S. F. Peart, Lloyd Nelson, B. S. Night foreman electric railroad. Berkeley. Pheby, Frederick Stanton, B. S. Mining engineer. Plymouth, Amador Co. Posada, Juan de la Cruz, B. S. Medellin, Colombia, S. A. Price, Robert Martin, Ph. B. Li- brarian of Bar Association of San Francisco, and student Hastings Col- lege of the Law. 530 California St., S. F. Ransome, Frederick Leslie, B. S.; candidate for Ph. D., University of California. Fellow in Mineralogy, 1893-95 ; post-graduate student of Geology, instructing in the Depart- ment of Mineralogy and Geology, University of California. Berkeley. Reed, Georgia Ella, B. L- Assistant teacher, Sonoma High School. 544 20th St., Oakland. Rees, William Henry, B. S. Chem- ist for Gia7it Dynamite Compafiy, and American Consolidated Must Company. Teaching. Leesville, Colusa Co. Rethers, Harry Frederick, A. B. 211 1 Jones St., S. F. Robinson, Inez L., B. L- Teacher, Centerville High School, Alameda County. Berkeley. Sayre, Jesse Payne, Ph. B. Berkeley. Schlieman, Harry F., B. S. Farm- ing. Black's Station, Yolo Co. Sedgwick, Charles Elbert, B. S. Oakland Consolidated Electric Road. Berkeley. Simonds, Arthur Beaman, A. M.; A. B., Harvard, 1891. Berkeley. Simonds, Ernest Henry, B. S. Berkeley. Solomons, Leon Mendez, B. S. ; M. S. 1894. Student, Harvard College. 109 Ellery St., Cambridge, Mass. Spooner, Mary Ella, B. L. 1410 Franklin St., Oakland. Stetson, John Walter, Ph. B. Dep- uty County Clerk of Alameda County. 2201 Bancroft Way, Berkeley. Stuart, Henry Waldgrave, Ph. B. Teacher, Hollisier High School, Hol- lister. Student in University of Chi- cago. San Leandro. Van Dyke, Edwin Cooper, B. S. Student in Cooper Medical College, S. F. 1922 Broderick St., S. F., or 321 S. Olive St., Los Angeles. Van Dyke, Henry Seward, A. B. Lawyer. 321 S. Olive St., Los Angeles. Van Winkle, Lawrence Everett, Ph. B. Hardware merchant. 2120 Jackson St., S. F. Webb, Susan Holmes, B. L- Teach- er in Vacaville High School. Vacaville. White, Jennie Rosamond, Ph. B. Teacher of Mathematics and Science, Pasadena High School. Carlton Hotel, Pasadena. Willis, Henry Montague, Jr., Ph. B. Clerk to the Recorder, University oj California. Lawyer. 556 Seventh St. , San Bernardino. Wright, William Hammond, B. S. Fellow in Mathematics, University of California. Berkeley. 73 1894. Allin, Charles Arthur, Ph. B. Clerk and law student with F. R. Willis, Los Angeles. 109 E. Walnut St., Pasadena. Avery, Russ, B. L- Law student. 306 Pine St., S. F. Ballard, Ida Helen, Ph. B. Teacher. f Suisun. Bancroft, Frank Watts, B. S. Grad- uate student. University of California. 1605 Franklin St., S. F. Bangs, Winifred Sutherland, B. L- Teacher ; Vice-Principal, Paso Robles High School. Paso Robles. Barker, Georgia Loring, B. L. Graduate student. University of Cali- fornia. 2031 Dwight Way, Berkeley. Bioletti, Frederick Theodore, B. S. Cellarman, Department of Agriculture, University of California. Berkeley. Blum, Sanford, A. B. Student of medicine. 1243 Franklin St., S. F. Boggs, Frances Evans, Ph. B. Teacher. Napa. Boggs, Frank Shackelford, B. L- Princeton. Boke, George Henry, Ph. B. Grad- uate student, University of California. Sigma Nu Hall, Berkeley. Borchers, Bertha, B. L. Teacher in High School. 1354 West St., Oakland. 360 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Brewer, Robert Lee, B. S. lyOS Angeles. Bromley, Marion, Ph. B. Oakland. Bruce, Janet, B. L. 2546 Jackson St., S. F. Burks, Jesse Dismukes, B. h-; Ph. B , University of Chicago, 1S93. Sec- retary of the Philosophical Union, Clerk to the Recorder of the Facul- ties, and graduate student, University of California. 2223 Chapel St., Berkeley. Byrne, Henrietta Clara, Ph. B. 1230 Green St., S. F. Carpenter, Frank Leonard, B. U- Assistant Auditor, Mendocino County. Ukiah, Mendocino Co. Castelhun, Maida, B. L,. Teacher of lyatin, Santa Cruz High School. 1046 Valencia St., S. F. Clayes, Edith Martin, B. U. Teach- er in Vallejo High School. 736 Florida St., Vallejo. Clement, Jabish, B. L. Law stu- dent, Mills Building. 637 Guerrero St., S. F. Colemore, Charles A., B. S. 1314 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Daniel, Laura, Ph. B. Graduate student. University of California. 2013 Polk St., S. F. Dean, Frances Almira, B. L. Teach- er in Girls' High School, San Fran- cisco. 1849 Jackson St., S. F. Denicke, Frederick, A. B. Law stu- dent. 1000 Mason St., S. F. Denman, William, B. L- Student, Hastings College of the Law. 2 Id Webster St., S. F. Dutton, Henry Stevens, B. S. looi Pine St., S. F. Dyer, Ernest Ingalls, B. S. Berkelej'. Easton, Stanley Alexander, B. S. Assayer at Golden Gate Mine. Sonora, Tuolumne Co. Eddy, Herman Hall, Ph. B. With the Santa Barbara County National Bank. Santa Barbara. Fife, Joseph, B. S. Medical student. San Francisco. Fisher, Miles Bull, B. L. Student, Yale Divinit}' School. 41 East Divinity Hall, New Haven, Conn. Fitzgerald, McCoy, A. B. Student of law at the Harvard Law School. Cambridge, Mass. Foltz, Edward Presley, Ph. B. Teacher. Linden, San Joaquin Co. Gilmore, Jonathan Monroe, B. L. Graduate student. University of Cali- fornia. 2212 Union St., Berkeley, Gilmore, Mary Hawes, B. L. Stu- dent in absentia for degree of M. L., University of California. ; Pasadena. Gilson, Ray Edson, B. S. Dental student. 575 Thirteenth St., Oakland. Goslinsky, Samuel, A. B. Leaf to- bacco and cigar business. 1360 Post St., S. F. Gray, Mabel, B. L. 236 San Jose Ave., S. F. Haehnlen, Annie Cecilia (Mrs. Dunn), Ph. B. 1426 Sixteenth St., Oakland. Handsaker, John Theodore, A. B. Teacher. Berkeley. Harris, Lalla Fowler, A. B. In Furope. Hay, Henry, B. S. Assistant engi- neer, Turlock Irrigation District. La Grange, Stanislaus Co. Henderson, Edward Franklin, B. S. 2201 Channing Wa3', Berkeley. Henshaw, Oliver Bridges, A. M.; A. B., Harvard, 1893. Fellow in Philoso- phy, University of California. Berkele3^ Herman, Frederick Charles, B. S. Surveyor. San Jose. fHuggins, Charles Loyal, B. S. J?es- ident Engineer of the Soo Railway, Michigan. QXty Engineer, Berkele}'. Berkeley. Huntoon, Carolyn Logan, B. L. Berkeley. Hyde, Henry Chester, Ph. B. 1S37 Mission St., S. F. Jackson, Stanley Hooper, B. L. Stu- dent of law at Hastings College of the Law. 720 Sutter St., S. F. Jewett, William Dunbar, Ph. B. Claremont. Knight, Cora, B. L- Teacher. 1506 Ninth St., Oakland. Lane, Sophia Day, Ph. B. Teacher. San Bernardino. Leszynsky, Hattie L., Ph. B. Grad- uate student, University of California. 1 1 26 Eddy St., S. F. Leventritt, Edgar Milton, A. B. Law student. 34 West 77th St., New York. Lloyd, Roberta Tomlin, B. L- Berkeley. Mann, Robert Levi, A. B. Law stu- dent. Mills Building, S. F. Meyer, Margarethe H., Ph. B. Teacher of German, Sacramento High School. 141 7 Twelfth St., Sacramento. Meyerstein, Joseph Charles, A. B. Student of law at Hastings College of the Law. 2518 Octavia St., S. F. ' t'riie name of Charles Loyal Huggius should appear with the graduates of 1S84. Miller, Fred Manning, B. S. Sur- veyor and engineer ; County Surveyor, Nevada Countj'. Grass Valley, Nevada Co. Moore, Ariana, B. L. Teacher, Miss Head's School. Berkeley. Morgan, Julia, B. S. 754 Fourteenth St., Oakland. Morse, Blanche, Ph. B. Graduate student. University of California. Shattuck Ave. and Bancroft Way, Berkeley. Newman, Alfred, A. B. Medical student, Toland College of Medicine. 2320 Clay St., S. F. Noble, Maude, Ph. B. Graduate stu- dent, University of California. 1 34 1 Broadway, Alameda. Noyes, Arthur Page. B. S. Berkeley. Palmer, Elizabeth Day, A. B. Prin- cipal of public school. Claremont, Los Angeles Co. Peixotto, Jessica Blanche, Ph. B. Graduate student, University of Cali- fornia. 1626 Sutter St., S. F. Porter, David Arthur, B. S. Topo- graphic department, United States Geological Survej^. Los Angeles, care U. S. G. S. Redington, Arthur Howard, B. L. Santa Barbara. Rhodes, Harry Willet, B. S. Assis- tant civil engineer. Pasadena. Rixford, Loring Pickering, B. S. Student of architecture. 17 13 Pierce St., S. F. Robbins, Reuel Drinkwater, Jr., Ph. B. Banking. Vacaville. Samuels, Maurice V., A. B. Law- yer. 1624 Octavia St., S. F. Sanborn, Sheffield Shumway, A. B. Student at Harvard Law School. 22 Winthrop Hall, Cambridge, Mass. Saph, Augustus Valentine, B. S. Fellow in Mathematics, University of California. Corner of Walnut and Delaware Sts., Berkeley. Selfridge, Edward Augustus, Jr., Ph. B. Student in the School of Law of Columbia College, New York. 147 W. 45th St., N. Y. Sheppard, Evelyn Louise, A. B. 3203 Pacific Ave., S. F. Smith, James Uriel, B. S. Teacher. Livermore. Spohr, Olive Branch, B. S. Teacher in Stockton High School. 148 Oak St., Stockton. Stull, Florence Agnes, B. L- 1354 West St., Oakland. Sutro, Oscar, B. L. Graduate stu- dent. University of California. 1935 Jackson St., S. F. GRADUATES: SCHOOL OF DESIGN 36, Symmes, Anita Day (Mrs. A. S. Blake), A. B. Graduate student, University of California. Berkeley. Taylor, Oscar Nettleton, A. B. Stu- dent, Medical Department, University of California. 1922 Oxford St., Berkeley. Taylor, Thomas Clarence, B. S. Berkeley. Thayer, Helen Olive, Ph. B. Teacher, Santa Cruz High School. 1700 Shattuck Ave , Berkeley. Tindall, Anna Louise, A. B. Teach- er in Sacramento High School. 916 Li St., Sacramento. Todd, Frank Morton, Ph. B. Stu- dent in Harvard Law School. 47 Parker St., Cambridge, Mass. Uribe, Enrique, B. S. Medillin, Colombia, S. A. Vail, Hugh Fitz Randolph, B. L. With Commercial Bank. 1325 Chapala vSt., Santa Barbara. Walker, Myrtle, Ph. B. Teacher in High School. Arroyo Grande, San L,uis Ol^ispo Co.; permanent address, Berkeley. Week, Charles Albert, B. S. As- sayer, Mayflower Gold Mine. Amador City. Weed, Benjamin, Ph. B. Principal, Sonoma Valley Union High School. Sonoma. Weil, Henry Allan, B. L. With Weil Bros., commission merchants. 10 Rue Ste. Cecile, Paris, France. Wilder, Edwin M., B. T. Teacher. 953 Magnolia vSt., Oakland. Wright, Harry Manville, A. B. Teacher and graduate student. Uni- versity of California. 17 Liberty St., S. F. Wolf, Emanuel Myron, B. L. Law- yer and graduate student. University of California. Berkeley. 96 RECIPIENTS OF GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS, DIPLOMAS AND HONORABLE MENTION FROM THE SAN FRANCISCO ART ASSOCIATION. It has been found impossible to trace those whose addresses are not given. 1874. Adams, Julia. Diploma. Bell, Miss Ida. d. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Gillen, Mrs. M. A. Avery gold medal for painting. Gray, Arthur. Third prize silver medal. Benicia. Herrick, Miss Mary (Mrs. Ross). Third prize silver medal for painting. Cor. Post and Powell sts., S. F. Osborn, Miss Fannie (Mrs. James Strong). Second prize silver medal. Samoa. Roberts, Miss M. B. (Mrs. Wm. Hig- gins). Second prize silver medal for painting. Washington and Stockton sts., S. F. Sheehan, J. W. d.^ Diploma. 1875. Adams, Miss Julia. silver medal. Ball, Frank C. d,- Third prize Alvord gold medal for drawing. Dugan, Miss Susie. Avery gold medal for painting. Boston. Gray, Arthur. Fifth prize, diploma. Benicia, Cal. Jackson, William. Second prize silver medal. Art School, Sacramento. Lotz, Miss Matilda. Third prize sil- ver medal. Paris. Roberts, Miss M. B. (Mrs. Wm. Hig- ginsj. Second prize silver medal. Washington and Stockton sts., S. F. Strong, Miss Elizabeth. Fourth prize, diploma. Boston. Wynn, Miss Emily. Sixth prize, diploma. Paris. 1876. Bell, Miss Ida. d. Third di- ploma. Carlson, Charles J. Second prize sil- ver medal. 523 Pine St., S. F. Herrick, Miss M. P. (Mrs. Rossj. Second silver medal. Cor. Post and Powell sts., S. F. Littlejohn, Miss L. Sixth diploma. Oakland. Mondaca, Jesus. Fourth diploma. Mazatlan, Mexico. Roberts, Miss M. B. (Mrs. Wm. Hig- gins). Avery gold medal for painting. Washington and Stockton sts., S. F. Stevens, Miss V. A. Third diploma. Strong, Miss E. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Boston. VanHusen, Mrs.A. L. Fifth diploma. 1877. Bell, Miss Ida. d. prize silver medal. Carlson, Charles J. medal for drawin Second Alvord gold „ 523 Pine St., S. F. Chittenden, Miss Alice B. Fourth prize. 2215 Octavia St., S. F. Foster, Miss Hattie (Mrs. H. W. Beecher, Jr.). Sixth prize. Seattle, Wash. Hopps, Miss Nellie (Mrs. Howard). Third prize. Yokohama. Lotz, Miss Matilda. Avery gold medal for painting. Paris. Mondaca, Jesus. Second prize. Mazatlan, Mexico. Stevens, Miss Cathie. Third prize. Wynn, Miss Emily. Fifth prize. Paris. 1878. Baker, E. W. d. Honorable mention. Chittenden, Miss Alice B. Second prize. 2215 Octavia St., S. F. Foster, Miss H. B. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Harrison, T. A. Avery gold medal for painting. Paris. 362 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Hopps, Miss Nellie (Mrs. Howard). Second prize. Yokohama. Jones, Miss M. E. (Mrs. I^ouis S. Kast). Third prize. 1 1 12 Guerrero St., S- F. Stewart, J. E. Honorable mention. New York. Turrell, Miss. Honorable mention. 1879. Baker, E. W. d. Third prize. Brewster, Miss 0. A. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Chittenden, Miss Alice B. Second prize. 2215 Octavia St., S. F. Foster, Miss F. Fourth prize. Foster, Miss H. B. Avery gold medal for painting. Jones, Miss M. E. (Mrs. Louis S. Kast). Fourth prize. 1 1 12 Guerrero St., S. F. Lickal, Miss Gussie. Sixth prize. Schillenburger, Miss Vesta (Mrs. Simmons). Fifth prize. Paris. Selby, Ralph, d.- Seventh prize. Stevens, Miss K. C. Third prize. Turrill, Miss L. J. Second prize. 1880. Moore, Miss Kate. Avery gold medal for painting. Island of Tahiti. 1881. Carpenter, Miss Grace. (Mrs. Hud- son). Alvord gold medal for drawing. . Ukiah. Dugan, Miss Susie. Creditable men- tion in painting. Boston. Jones, Miss M. E. (Mrs. Louis S. Kast) . Creditable mention in painting. 1 1 12 Guerrero St., S. F. Lucas, Miss Jennie. Creditable men- tion in painting. Moore, Miss Kate. Creditable men- tion in painting. Island of Tahiti. Rollins, W. E. Avery gold medal for painting. Tacoma, Wash. Schillenburger, Miss Vesta. (Mrs. Simmons). Creditable mention in painting. Paris. 1883. Kirk, Miss Jessie. Avery gold medal for painting. Newell, S. C. Alvord gold medal for drawing. 1884. Austin, Miss A. Honorable mention in painting. Sacramento. Benner, Miss Anna. Avery gold medal for painting. Nolte, Miss. Honorable mention in drawing. Randall, Miss Albertine (Mrs. Wheelan). Honorable mention in painting. San Francisco. Seawell, Mr. Honorable mention in drawing. Paris. Stearne, Miss Nellie (Mrs. P. Good- all). Honorable mention in painting. 1 1 ID Jackson St., S. F. Tharp, N. J. Alvord gold medal for drawing. 1019 Vallejo St., S. F. 1885. Austin, Miss Amanda. Avery gold medal for painting. Sacramento. Hessler, Carl. Extra prizes. Lavery, Miss Nellie G. (Mrs. V.J. A. Ray). Extra prizes. S29 Union St., S. F. Seawell, H. W. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Paris. Tharp, N. J. Extra prizes. 1019 Vallejo St., S. F. 1886. Harwood, J. F. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Salt Lake City. Lavery, Miss Nellie G. (Mrs. V. J. A. Ray). Avery gold medal for painting, 829 Union St., S. F. Lyons, George. Special mention in drawing. Chronicle Bldg., S. F. McConnick, Miss Evelyn. Special mention in painting. 925 Market St., S. F. Reynolds, Miss Bessie. Special men- tion in painting. Rose, Guy. Special mention in paint- ing. Paris. Schoenmaker, Miss Pauline. Spe- cial mention in drawing. Seawell, H. W. Special mention in painting. Paris. Tharp, N. J. Special medal for painting. 1019 Vallejo St., S. F. 1887. Boulanger, Miss. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Pape, Fred. Honorable mention in drawing. New York. Peixotto, G. J. Honorable mention in drawing. Paris. Rose, Guy. Avery gold medal for painting. Paris. 1888. Froelich, Miss M. Alvord gold medal for drawing. 609 Sacramento St., S. F. Gamble, J. M. Honorable mention in painting. 319 Pine St., S. F. McConnick, Miss Evelyn. Avery gold medal for painting. 925 Market St., S. F. Sayeda, Oroka. Honorable mention in painting. Japan. 1889. Bodwell, Miss. Honorable mention in drawing. Oakland. Froelich, Miss M. Honorable men- tion in painting. 609 Sacramento St., S. F. Gamble, J. M. Honorable mention in painting. 319 Pine St., S. F. Hunter, Miss Isabel. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Alameda. Robinson, Ralph E. Honorable men- tion in drawing. Alameda. Sayeda, Oroka. Avery gold medal for painting. Japan. Takahashi, K. Honorable mention in drawing. Japan. 1890. Altman, Aaron. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Paris. Froelich, Miss M. Avery gold medal for painting. 609 Sacramento St. , S. F. Robinson, Ralph E. Special gold medal for excellence of drawing from life. Alameda. 1891. Callahan, Miss Carrie. Alvord gold medal for drawing. San Francisco. Redmond, G. S. W. E- Brown gold medal for drawing from life. Paris. Takahashi, K. Avery gold medal for painting. Japan. Williams, Mary (Mrs. Davidson). Special medal for excellence in paint- ing. St. Helena. 1892. Carpenter, Miss L. M. Avery gold medal for painting. Oakland. Judson, C. C. W. E. Brown gold medal for drawing from life. Fruitvale. McCormick, Miss Nellie. Alvord gold medal for drawing. San Francisco. 1894. Callahan, Miss Carrie. Honorable mention in painting. San Francisco. Hunter, Miss Isabel. Honorable mention in painting. Alameda. McCormick, Miss Nellie. Honor- able mention in painting. San Francisco. McElroy, Miss Jennie R. Honor- able mention in painting. San Francisco. Piazzoni, G. Alvord gold medal for drawing. Paris. Raphael, Joseph. W. E- Brown gold medal for drawing from life. San Francisco. Schoenmaker, Miss Pauline. Avery gold medal for painting. San Francisco. GRADUATES: THE HASTINGS COLLEGE :OF THE LAW GRADUATES OF THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW. 363 1881. Andrews, Charles Sewell, I^Iy. B. d. Boland, James Ignatius. Justice of the Peace, San Francisco, 188^-88. d. ■ Brand, Ernest, IX,. B. Member of Board of Education, City and County of San Francisco. Secretary Hum- boldt Savings and lyoan Society. 18 Geary St., S. F. Cheney, Lemuel Warren, Lly. B.; Ph. B. 1878. Berkeley. Currier, Wallace Ostenella, lyl^. B. d. D'Ancona, Alexander Dawson, LI,. B.; A. B. 1875; A. M. 1881. I^awyer. 402 Montgomery St., S. F. Deering, Frank Prentiss, LL. B.; A. B. 1875; A. M. Lawyer. 14 Sansome St., S. F. Deering, James Henry, Jr., LL. B. Librarian San Francisco Law Li- brary. New City Hall, S. F. Dunne, Peter Francis, LL-B.; A. B. 1877, A. M. 1878, St. Ignatius Col- lege, San Francisco. Lawyer. 310 Pine St., S. F. Gray, Theodore, LL. B.; A. B. 1877. Accountant Selby Smelting and Lead Compan}^. 416 Montgomery St., S. F. Hastings, Robert Paul, LL. B. Di- rector Hastings College of the Law, i88i-go ; President Board of Educa- tion, San Francisco, i88j-8^. d. 1890. Knox, James Walter, LL. B. Law- yer. Merced. Lucas, John Manley, LL- B. Lawyer. San Jose. Marshall, La Fayette Chalfant, LL. B. Deputy Attorney-General, i88j-8j. Fruit-grower. Tancred, Yolo Co. Mastick, George Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. 520 Montgomery St., S. P\ McPike, Henry Clay, LL. B. As- sistant U. S. Attorney Northerji Dis- trict of California, 1886-88. Lawyer. 310 Pine St., S. F. Metcalf, George Dickson, LL. B. Lawyer. 969 Broadway, Oakland. Moore, Charles Henry, LL. B. 625 O'FarrellSt, S. F. Morrison, Alexander Francis, LL. B.; A. B. 1878. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Mulford, Hiram Samuel, LL. B.; Ph. B., Mount Union College, Ohio. President of Board of Education of City of San Diego. Lawyer. San Diego. Ostrander, Frank M., LL. B. Dis- trict Attorney Merced Coiuity, 1 88^-86. d. Pomeroy, Carter Pitkin, LL. B.; B. S., University of Rochester, 1878. Reporter of Decisions of the Supreme Court of California since 1887. Law- yer. 222 Sansome St., S. F. Reade, Frederick William, LL. B. Lawyer. Chronicle Building, S. F. Rosenthal, Joseph, LL. B. Lawyer. 19 Montgomery St., S. F. Sayre, Alfred M., LL. B. d. Seaman, Edward Milo, LL. B. Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco. Lawyer. New City Hall, S. F. Sesnon, William Thomas, LL. B. County Clerk of San Fra^uisco ,1 88^-8^. Clerk of Supreme Court, Los Angeles. 128 N. Main St., Los Angeles. Shores, Leander, LL- B. Real estate speculator and broker. 632 Market St., S. F. Silliman, Charles Herbert, LL- B. Graduate State Normal School, Brock- port, N. Y., 1869. Manager Land Mortgage Bank of Texas, Ld., since its organization in England, 1886 ; President of Chamber of Commerce, Fort Worth, Texas, since January, 1893; Land mortgage banker. Board of Trade Building, Fort Worth, Texas. Solinsky, Francis Joseph, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1877. District Attorney Cala- veras County, 188J-88. San Andreas. Stafford, William Francis, LL. B. Lawyer, Flood Building, S. F. Stratton, Frederick Smith, LL- B. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Straus, Gaston, LL. B. Lawyer. 320 California St., S- F. Tilden, Charles Lee, LL. B. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S- F. Tobin, Alfred, LL- B. Lawyer. Hibernia Bank Building, S. F. Touchard, Gustave, Jr., LL. B. Law- yer. 2309 Octavia St., S. F. Tuttle, Fred Pierson, LL- B. Dis- trict Attorney Placer County, 1887-^1. Lawyer. Auburn, Placer Co. Tuttle, Hiram Daniel, LL. B. Dis- trict Attorney of Monterey Coutily, 1882-88. Lawyer. San Jose. Van Dyke, William Martin, LL. B.; A. B. 1878. Clerk United States Cir- cuit Court, Southern District of Cali- fornia. Los Angeles. Wallace, Ryland Burnett, LL. B.; A. B. 1876. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Whitcomb, Frank Randolph, LL. B.; A. B. 1878. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Winans, Joseph William, LL- B.; A. B. 1878. d. Wood, Ralph Kimball, LL. B. Law- yer. Los Angeles. Young, Edward Bassett, LL- B- Lawyer. 14 Sansome St., S. F. Young, George Anderson, LL. B. d. 45— *7 1882. Adams, Herbert Lesher, LL- B. Angellotti, Frank Mario, LL- B- Di strict Attorney, Marin County, i88^-go. Judge of Superior Court, Marin County, since 1890- San Rafael. Arnold, Marshall, LL- B. Cashier Bank of Lake. Lakeport. Ashe, Robert Porter, LL- B. Law- yer. 601 California St., S. F. Burnett, Isaac Gibson, LL. B. Law- yer. San Diego. Cavagnaro, Joseph Francis, LL. B.; B. S. 1878, M. S. 1879, Santa Clara College. Lawyer. 610 Montgomery St., S. F. Cutler, Elijah Boardman, LL. B. Lawyer. Cor. Market St. and City Hall Ave., S. F. Davidson, Charles Edward, LL. B. County Judge since 1891 of Crockett Countj^ Texas. Ozona, Texas. Davidson, William Winn, LL B- Lawyer. 420 California St., S. F. Davis, Henry Harvey, LL- B. Law- yer. 420 California St., S. F. Dorn, Marcellus Americus, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1879; A. M. Lawyer. 306 Pine St., S. F. Harrison, Edward Charles, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Hitchcock, Leroy Vernon, LL- B ; B. S. , National Normal School, Leb- anon, Ohio, 1874. District Attorney of Tehafna County, 188^-86, i8gj-g-f Lawyer. Red Bluif. Hoefler, Ludwig Mathias, LL- B Lawyer. 532 Market St., S. F Hutchinson, Joseph, LL. B.; Ph. B 1878. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F, Lawton, William Dedrick, LL. B.; d. 364 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Lewis, John Weller, 1,1^. B. District Attorney of Tehama County, iSSj-84. With Southern Pacific Company. 1 1 24 McAllister St., S. F. Marks, George Washington, LL- B. McCrea, Henry, 1,1,. B. Episcopal clergyman. Philadelphia, Pa. McHenry, Mary (Mrs. Wm. Keith), LL. B.; A. B. 1879. Berkeley. Meldon, Oscar Francis, liL,. B. Ivaw- yer. 331 Montgomery St., S. F. Miller, Frank DeFrees, 1,1,. B. Rec- tor St. Paul's Church. Bakersfield. Mizner, Lansing, LI,. B. ; A. B. 1879. Lawyer. Benicia. O'Donoghue, Michael Francis, LL- B. Principal of Eveni7ig Scliools, San Francisco. Chief of Contest Division, General Land Office. Washington, D. C. Schooler, William Henry, LL- B. City Attorney of Cliico. Lawyer. Chico. ShurtlefiF, Charles Allerton, LL- B. Assista?it United States Attoriiey for the Northern District of California, i8go-gj. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Slack, Charles William, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1879. Regent of the UniversitJ^ Professor and Dean of the Faculty, Hastings College of the Law. Judge of the Superior Court. New City Hall, S. F. Stafford, Henry Joseph, LL. B. fus- tice of the Peace of the City and County of San Francisco, 1SS-/.-S8. Lawyer. Flood Building, S. F. Stonesifer, Clarence Augustus, LL. B. Lawyer. Modesto. Stranahan, Farrand Ebenezer, LLB. Tevis, Samuel, LL- B. Physician. Wake man, Ernest Hiltzeimer, LL. B. Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco. Lawyer. New City Hall, S. F. Whitby, George Alexander, LL- B. Lawyer. Modesto. Wickersham, Frank P., LL. B. Su- pervisor Third District, Fresno County. Proprietor "La Paloma" Vineyard and Stock Farm. 1S39 Mariposa St., Fresno. Williams, Eben Barker, LL. B. Assistant City and Cou7ity Attorney, San Francisco, iSgi-g2. Lawyer. 508 California St., S. F. Wilson, Mountford Samuel, LL- B.; A. B., Yale College, 1879. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. 36—*! 1883. Barton, Willard Thompson, LL. B. General Manager California Petroleum and Asphalt Company. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Brunner, Albert John, LL- B. Law- yer. Crocker Building, S. F. Buckhout, Emely Lucretia (Mrs. Joseph A. Baker), LL. B. La Grande, Or. Campbell, Donald Yorke, LL- B. ; A. B., Yale, 1S82. Lawyer. 530 California St., S. F. Citron, Raphael, LL- B. Lawyer. Portland, Or. Cleary, Francis Charles, LL- B. ; A. M., St. Ignatius College, 1880. Lawyer. 310 Pine St., S- F. Cohen, Alfred Henry, LL. B. Law- yer. 320 California St., S. F. Creighton, Charles, LL. B. Deputy Marshal and ex officio Prosecuting At- torney of the Police Court, Honolulu; Deputy Attorney-General of the Ha- waiian Kingdom: Attorney-General of the Hawaiian Kitigdom. Lawyer. Honolulu, H. I. Del Mar, Eugene, LL. B. Lawyer. Honolulu, H. I. Dunne, Joseph John, LL. B. ; A. B. and A. M., St. Ignatius College, San Francisco, fustice of the Peace and Assistant District Attorney, San Fran- cisco. Law3'er. 310 Pine St., S. F. Durst, John Haines, LL- B.; Ph. B. 1880. City and County Attorney, San Francisco, i8gi-g2. Law}'er. Mills Building, S. F. Eisner, Milton Sydney, LL. B. ; A. B. 1880. Lawyer. 217 Sansome St., S. F. Fitzgerald, Robert Mullins, LL. B. Member first Board of Works, City of Oakland; served two years from iSSg. Past Grand President, N. S. G. IV. Lawyer. 854J2 Broadway, Oakland. Fulkerth, Lurin William, LL. B. District Attorney of Stanislaus County since January, 1890. Modesto. Hatton, William Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. Modesto. Hoburg, Francis Tilford, LL. B. Lawyer. 324 Pine St., S. F. Holladay, Edmund Burke, LL. B. Lawyer. 636 Clay St., S. F. Howard, Cary, LL- B. Lawyer. Oakland. Irwin, Fred, LL. B. Lawyer. Placerville. Johns, Charles Tremenere, LL. B. City Attorney, Oakland, 1S84-S6. Law- yer. 969 Broadway, Oakland. Kelley, Joseph P., LL. B. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S. F, Knott, William Wilson, LL- B. Lezinsky, George, LL- B. Attorney representing the State, the Controller, and the Attorney-Geiieral, in matter of railroad taxes before the Legislature of i88g. Member of Executive Committee of Citizens' Defense Association of San Francisco. Lawyer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Linderberger, William Emory, LL- B. d. Lyons, Timothy Joseph, LL- B. Lawyer. 401 California St., S. F. Mathews, Hiram Walker, LL- B. Lawyer. 601 California St., S. F. McKee, Samuel Bell, LL. B. Law- yer. 957 Broadway, Oakland. Miller, Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. 906 Broadway, Oakland. Phipps, William Thomas, LL. B. Assistant District Attorney, Sutter County. Manager of State Anti-Debris Association. Lawyer. Marysville. Platshek, Mark Julius, LL. B. Law- yer. 328 Montgomery St., S. F. Shacklef ord, Thomas Jefferson, LL- B. Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Sheffield, Charles Monroe, LL- B.; A. B. 1879. d.- Swisler, Charles Albert, LL- B. Member of Assembly, Fourteenth As- sembly District (El Dorado Countj'). Lawyer. Placerville. Tauszky, Edmund, LL- B. Court Commissioner, San Francisco, i88'j-g2; President Mercajitilc Library Associa- tion, San Francisco. Lawj^er. Nevada Block, S. F. Todman, Josephine Melvina, LL- B. Attorney and clerk in office of James H. Budd. Stockton. Trusseau, Pierre Celestin, LL. B. Lawyer. Supreme Court Bldg., S. F. Wagner, William Solomon, LL- B. S69 Campbell St., Oakland. Wallace, Jr., Wm. T., LL. B, d. Ward, Joseph Walter, LL. B. Law- yer. 957 Broadway, Oakland. Whittle, Henry Deering, LL- B.; A. B. 1879, M. A. 1880, St. Ignatius College, San Francisco. Roman Cath- olic clergyman; Professor at Santa Clara College. Santa Clara. 40— *3 1884. Abraham, Isidore, LL. B. Healdsburg. Borden, Rhodes, LL. B. First Assis- tant City and County Attorney, San Francisco. Lawyer. New City Hall, S. F. Borden, Sheldon, LL. B. Los Angeles. Brown, Daniel, Jr., LL. B. Vine- yardist. Hughes Hotel, Fresno. Cabaniss, George Henry. Prosecut- ing Attorney, Police Court, San Fran- cisco. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. GRADUATES; THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW 36? Campbell, George Douglas, 1,1/. B. Lawyer. 14 Sansome St., S. F. Davis, John Francis, 11. B. ; A. B., Harvard University, 188 1. Jrtdge of the Superior Court, Amador County. Jackson. Dinsmore, Wallace, IvL. B. ; Ph. B. 1880. County Surveyor, Yuba County, 188J-8S. Lawyer. Marysville. Dwyer, James P., LL- B. d. Farnsworih, Elbridge Calvin, LIv- B. District Attorney, Amador County; Mayor of the City of Visatia. Lawyer. Visalia. Finley, Theodore Randolph, LL- B. Forbes, Edwin Alexander, H. B. District Attorney, Yuba County, 1885- 88. Lawyer. Marysville. Furlong, Nicholas, LL. B. Grant, William, LL. B. Lawyer. 104 Sutter St., S. F. Helm, Charles Watson, LL. B. d. ■ Jackson, Charles Hooper, LL. B.; A. M., Harvard. Court Commissioner; Assistant District Attorney, San Fran- cisco; Deputy Attorney-General. Law- yer. 426 California St., S. F. Jacobs, William Rogers, LL- B. District Attorney, Tulare County. Law- yer. Stockton. Loewenthal, Max, LL. B. Lawyer. Ducommun Block, Los Angeles. McCabe, Edward Denis, LL. B. County Clerk, Stanislaus County, 188'/- go. Governor's Private Secretary. Lawj'er. Sacramento. McGee, William John, LL. B. Dis- trict Attorney, Amador County, 188^- 88. Lawyer. 610 Montgomery St., S. F. Murray, George Deuchar, LL. B.; Ph. B, 1877. District Attorney, Hum- boldt County. Lawyer. Eureka. Peters, Cassius M. Clay, LL. B. fustice op the Peace, Washington Town- ship, Alameda County, i8go-p2. Law- yer and Notary Public. Niles. Price, Henry Francis, LL- B. Law- yer. 331 Montgomery St., S. F. Taylor, Arthur Clay, LL. B. Secre- tary Street Railway Company. 234 North Main St., Los Angeles. Tevlin, James Francis, LL- B. Law- yer. Phelan Bldg., S. F. Wheeler, Charles Morgan, LL. B. Lawyer. Eureka, Humboldt Co. Wilbur, Clinton Martindale, LL- B. Lawyer. 215 Sansome St., S. F. Williams, Frank Rowland, LL. B. Clerk. Santa Rosa. 28— *2 1885. Armstrong, Zachary Taylor, LL- B. Lawyer. Arkansas City, Kan. Baker, Lidell, LL- B. Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco, 188^-86. Secretary of Rail- road Commission of Oregon. Hamilton Bldg., Portland, Or. Bettencourt, Jose de Sousa, LL- B. Physician. 209 Geary St., S. F. Black, Alfred Pressly, LL- B. A.s- sistant District Attorney, City and Count^f of San Francisco. Lawyer. New City Hall, S. F. Bradley, Henry William, LL. B. Lawyer. 4 Sutter St., S. F. Bryant, Calhoun, LL. B. U. S. Cus- tom House. 2916 Clay St., S. F. Collins, George Daniel, LL- B. Law- yer. 723 Market St., S. F. Curran, Thomas Edward, LL. B. Lawyer. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Daney, Eugene, LL- B. Assistant District Attorney, San Diego Comity, i888-gi. Law3'er. San Diego. Dwyer, John Joseph, LL- B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Earll, Arthur Roman, LL. B.; d. Finlayson, Frank Graham, LL- B. Member Assembly of California, i8g2. Lawyer. 224 N. Main St. , Los Angeles. Gallagher, Andrew Edward, LL- B. General Attorney for Vermont Loan and Trust Co. for Washington, Idaho and Oregon. Spokane, Wash. Gartlan, James, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Gillin, George Bartholomew, LL. B. Lawyer. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Glidden, Prescott Banks, LL. B. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Greany, John Thomas. Past Presi- dent, Pacific Parlor, N. S. G. W. Lawyer. 14 Grant Ave., vS. F. Harding, Reinhardt Theodore, LL. B. Lawyer. 210 Montgomery St., S. F. Hupers, George Washington, LL B. Canyon City, Colo. Peck, James Francis, LL. B. Law- yer. Merced. Schlessinger, Bertrand, LLB. Mem- ber of State Assembly, i8g^-g ).. Law- yer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Sharpstein, William Crittenden, LL- B. Lawyer. 410 Fidelity Trust Company's Bldg., Tacoma, Wa.sh. Stolder, Richard Berryman, LL- B. District Attorney, Mariposa County, i8S8-gj!-. Lawyer. Coulterville. Sullivan, John Francis, LL- B.; d. Swayne, Robert Henry, LL- B- Cus- tom-house broker and warehousing. 504 Battery St., S. F. Turner, Joshua Nichols, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Residence, Oakland. Vassault, Ferdinand Isham, LL. B. Business Manager of The Argonaut. Residence, 18 12 Sacramento St., S. F. Wenzlick, William, LL. B. Physi- cian. Port Townsend, Wash. 28— * 2 1886. Aitken, John R., LL- B. fudge op the Superior Court, San Diego County. Lawyer. 402 Montgomery St., S. F. Britton, William Giles, LL- B fudge of the Superior Court, City and County of San Francisco. Lawver. Nevad'a Block, S. F. Burbank, William Freeman, LL- B. President North Caroli?ia Press Associ- ation, i8g^. Journalist. 6th Ave. and E. 20th St., Oakland. Cope, Walter Burton, LL. B.; A. B. Judge of the Superior Court, Santa Barbara County. Santa Barbara. Covillaud, Charles Julian, LL. B. Lawyer. Marysville. Crawford, Thomas Clin, LL. B. Superintendent Home for Adult Blind. Principal Lincoln School, Oakland. Dimond, Alameda Co. Dorn, Fred A,, LL. B. District At- torney, San Luis Obispo County. San Luis Obispo. Foerster, Constantine Emanuel A., LL.B. Lawyer. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Gunzendorfer, G u s t a v e , LL- B. Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco, j8gi-pj. Law- 5'er. 325 Montgomery St., S. F. Holland, Christopher Franklin, LL. B. Lawyer. First National Bank Bldg., San Diego. Kaufman, Walter W., LL. B. Law- jrer. Crocker Building, S. F. Langan, Francis Patrick, LL- B. Lawyer. Gold Hill, Nev. Mahony, William Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Meserve, Edwin Alvin, LL. B. Law- yer. 125 Temple St., Los Angeles. Metson, William Henry, LL- B. Lawyer. Crocker Bldg., S. F. Monckton, Frank Daniel, LL- B. Clerk United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, and Commissioner United States Circuit Court, Northern District of California. United States Court Building, S. F. Pemberton, James Emmons, LL. B. District Attorney, Mendocino County. Lawyer. Ukiah. 366 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Powers, Edward Everett, 1,1^. B. Member of Los Angeles City Board of Educatioji, i88g-(pi. Lawyer. 202 N. Main St., Los Angeles. Ruef, Abraham, LL- B.; A. B. 1883. Lawyer. 402 Montgomery St., S- F. Savage, Lincoln Ewart, LL- B. As- sistant City and County Attorney, San Francisco. Lawyer. 1207 Market St., S. F. Schwitters, Louis Dietrich, LL. B. Lawyer. 265 Broadway, New York City. Shrader, Jackson L., LL- B. Law- yer. 5 South Park, S. F. Stevens, Willie Watt Bligh, LL- B. Taylor, Edward Kimberlin, LL- B. Lawyer. Alameda. Vogelsang, Alexander Theodore, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg. , S. F. 25 1887. Adams, Charles Albert, LL. B. Lawyer. Phelan Building, S. F. Beatty, William Adam, LL. B. ; B. L- 1884. Lawyer. 318 Pine St., S. F. Bert, Eugene F., LL- B. Member of Legislature (Assembly), i8gi. State Senator, 1895-99. Lawyer. 401 California St., S. F. Byington, Lewis Francis, LL- B. B. S., Santa Clara College, 1884 Lawyer. 420 California St., S. F. Francoeur, George Henry, LL. B Lawyer. 318 Pine St., S. F Gibson, Richard, LL- B. Journalist 16 Ellis St., S. F Hastings, Warren Irvine, LL. B Port Townsend, Wash Jones, Hu, LL. B. Lawyer. 24 Montgomer^^ St. , S. F. Lando, Joseph H., LL- B. d. Lincoln, Jerome Bates, LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S- F. Loefler, Martin George, LL. B. Law- j&r. 137 Montgomery St., S. F. McCreery, Andrew Thomas, LL- B. Lawyer. Bakersfield. Mogan, Richard F., LL- B. Lawyer. 319 Pine St., S. F. Rix, William, LL. B. Lawyer. Hobart Building, S- F. Ryan, Edward James, LL- B.; B. S., Santa Clara College, 1884. Registrar Hastings College of the Law, iSSj-g^. Lawyer. Eureka. Sawyer, William Francis, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Stuart, William Adams, LL. B. Lawyer. 606 Montgomery St., S. F. Thompson, Lawrence Eaton, LL- B. Lawyer. Seattle, Wash. Valentine, Louis Hulett, LL. B. Lawyer. Temple Block, Los Angeles. Vidaver, Nathan, LL. B. Lawyer. Chicago, 111. Woodward, Millard Fillmore, LL. B. Lawyer. Los Angeles. 21 — *i 1888. Anthony, Charles Nelson, LL. B. Barton, William Ferris, LL- B. Secretary Union Pacific Salt Com- pany. 216 Sacramento St., S. F. Broughton, Howard Anthony, LL-B. Lawyer. Pomona, Los Angeles Co. Brown, Alfred Parsons, LL. B. Lawyer. Helena, Mont. Countryman, Robert Harmer, LLB. Lawyer. 230 Montgomerj' St., S. F. Dozier, Thomas Bona, LL. B. Law- yer. Redding. Eells, Alexander Grimes, LL. B. ; Ph. B. Law^yer. 325 Montgomery St., S. F. Fowler, William Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. 318 Pine St., S. F. Frick, Abraham Lincoln, LL. B. Deputy District Attorney of Alameda County. Superior Judge of Alameda Countjr. Oakland. Gaddis, Edward Everett, LL. B. District Attorney of Yolo County. Lawj^er. Woodland. Gove, Jabez H., LL- B. d. Hayne, Stephen Duncan, LL. B.; A. B. 1885. Law5'er. Crocker Bldg. Hendrickson, William, Jr., LL- B. Member of the California Legislature, joth Session. Lawyer. 120 Sutter St., S. F. Jones, George Wallace, LL. B. Lawyer. Fresno. Nilon, Frank Thomas, LL. B. Dis- trict Attorney Nevada Co., i88g—g2. Lawyer. Nevada City. O'Keeffe, Stephen Robert, LL. B. Prosecuting Attorney, Police Court, San Francisco. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Peixotto, Edgar Davis, LL- B. As- sistant District Attornej^, City and County of San Francisco. New City Hall, S. F. Riley, Peter Thomas, LL- B.; A. M. District Attorney, Nevada County. Lawj^er. Nevada City. Sweeney, James Peter, LL- B. Law- yer. 217 Sansome St., S. F. Swift, Edward Daniel, LL- B. Lum- ber dealer. 706 Oak St., S. F. Thompson, Edward Rees, LL. B. Lawyer. - Stockton. Thorne, Andrew, LL. B. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Wallace, William Carlton, LL. B. Lawyer. 14 Sansome St., S. F. Wascerwitz, Morris Herman, LL. B. Lawyer. 319 Pine St., S. F. Wheeler, John Thomas, LL- B.; A. B., University of the Pacific. Member of Nevada Assembly, Session i8gj. Stock-grower and Sheriff of Eureka County. Eureka, Nev. 1889. 25— *2 Barnett, Abraham Thomas, LL. B.; A. B. 1886. Assemblyman, i8gi, Cal- ifornia Legislature. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Casserly, John Bernard, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Hansen, John Henry, LL- B.; B. L. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Heller, Emanuel S., LL- B.; B. S. 1885. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S.F. Herrick, Herbert Sanford, LL- B. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S. F. Maguire, Andrew Gregory, LL. B.; B. S., St. Ignatius College, San Fran- cisco. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Scheller, Victor Aloysius, LL- B. District Attorney, Santa Clara County. Lawyer. San Jose. Shay, Frank, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Smith, James Robert, LL- B. Law- yer. Grass Valley. Sweigert, William Johnathan, LL. B. Lawyer. San Jose. Wise, Wallace Alexander, LL. B. Lawyer. 508 California St., S. F. II 1890. Bartnett, Walter John, LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. 328 Montgomery St., S. F. Boyd, George Davis, LL. B.; Ph. B. Law5'er. Mills Bldg, , S. F. Carlin, William Henry, LL. B. Law- yer. Marysville. Dumontier, Joseph Louis, LL- B.; B. S., University of Quebec, 1884. Assistant Searcher of Records. 328 Montgomerj' St., S. F. Gregory, Warren Cranston, LL- B.; A. B. Lawyer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Haskins, Samuel, LL- B.; A. M., Santa Clara College. Lawyer. Custom House, S. F. Haven, Thomas Eastman, LL- B.; A. B,, Williams College, 1887. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Inkersley, Arthur, LL- B.; A. B., Brasenose College, Oxford, 1877. ^^'^' ond Master of St. Peter's Collegiate School, Adelaide, South Australia; Classical Master, Auckland College and Grammar School, New Zealand. Law- GRADUATES: THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW 367 yer; Tutor in Classics and Law; Magazine Writer. 530 California St., S. F. McKinstry, James Clarence, LIv- B. ; A. B., St. Ignatius College. Lawyer. Spokane Falls, Wash. Samuels, Jacob, LL. B. ; A. B. Law- yer. 124 Sansome St., S. F. Sanderson, William Wilson, LL. B.; Ph. B. Lawyer. 214 Pine St., S. F. Sheats, Arthur Kenningford, LL. B. Lawyer. Los Angeles. Timken, Harry Heinzelman, LL. B. Lawyer. St. Louis, Mo. Van Wyck, Sidney McMechen, Jr., LL- B. Notary Public, State of Wash- ington. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Walker, Henry Warren, LL- B. Dis- trict Attorney, San Mateo County. Redwood City. 15 1891. Abbott, Carl Hewes, LL. B.; A. B., Brown University, 1888. Lawyer. 854^ Broadway, Oakland. Barry, Joseph Emmet, LL. B. Jus- tice of the Peace, City and County of San Francisco. New City Hall, S. F. Bloom, Solomon, LL. B.; A. B. 1888. Lawyer. 12 Montgomery St., S. F. Brown, Henry Ward, LL- B.; A. B. 1872, A. M. 1875, Columbia Uni- versity, Washington, D. C. Deputy Surveyor of Customs, Deputy Shipping Commissioner, San Francisco. Lawyer. 12 Montgomery St., S. F. Clark, Cosmor Beckwith, LL. B. Lawyer. Hanford. Cooper, Edgar Clarence, LL. B. Lawyer. Eureka. Crittenden, Joseph Lambert, LL.B.; Ph. B. Instructor, Boys' High School, San Francisco. 15 Hill St., S. F. Dudley, George Dickson, LL. B.; A. B., District Attorney, Glenn County. Willows. Ellis, Adrian Collier, Jr., LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. Salt Lake City, Utah. Ellsworth, Oliver, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Haight, Henry Huntley, LL. B.; A. B., Yale, 1888. Lawyer. 206 Sansome St., S. F. Hodghead, Beverly Lacy, LL- B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. O'Grady, Alexander, LLB. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S- F. Pomeroy, John Norton, LL. B.; A. B. 1887, A. M. 1889, Yale. Law- yer. 222 Sansome St., S. F. Rouleau, Oscar Adolphe, LL.B.; B.S., St. Ignatius College, 1888. Searcher of Records. Safe Deposit Bldg., S. F. Satterwhite, John Woodward, LL. B. Lawyer. San Bernardino. Smith, Edwin Du Bose, LL. B. Associate editor of American State Reports, Bancroft-Whitney Co. 611 Clay St., S. F. Stoney, Gaillard, LL. B. Assistant City and County Attorney, San Fran- cisco. New City Hall, S. F. Thompson, Wallace Le Grand, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Tobin, Henry Augustine, LL. B. Clerlz of Prosecuting Attorney, Police Couj-t. Lawyer. 160 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Woodhams, Maurice Sullivan, LL. B.; A. B. 1888. Lawyer. 508 Montgomery St. , S. F. 21 1892. Belcher, Richard, LL. B.; A. B., Amherst College, 1889. Lawyer. Belcher Building, Marysville. Bergerot, Peter Alexander, LL- B.; B. L., University of France (Bordeaux Branch). Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Brobeck, William Irvin, LL. B. As- sistant City and County Attornej', San Francisco. Lawyer. New City Hall, S. F. Evans, Charles James, LL. B. Ex- aminer United States Customs. Appraiser's Building, S. F. Flaherty, John L., LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. 911 Steiner St., S. F. Jones, Charles Wirtley, LL. B. Law- yer. Fresno. Kierulfif, Thomas Cundell, LL. B. Lawyer. 215 Sansome St., S. F. Lane, George Whitfield, LL- B. Lawyer. 899 Pine St., S. F. Lukens, George Russell, LL. B.; Ph. B., 1889. Lawyer. 212 Sansome St., S. F. Madison, Frank Delino, LL. B. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Mclnnis, Joseph Albion, LL. B. Lawyer. 4 Sutter St., S. F. Melvin, Henry Alexander, LL. B. ; Ph. B., 1889. Clerk California Senate Committee on City, County and Town Governments, iSgr; Justice of the Peace of Brooklyn Township, Alameda County, i8gi-pj; Assistant District At- torney, Alameda Coiuity, iSpj. Pros- ecuting Attorney, Oakland Police Court; Lawyer. City Hall, Oakland. O'Keefe, James Thomas, LL. B.; A. B., St. Mary's College, 1884. Mem- ber California Assembly, i8g2. Law- yer ; Editor of Times-Gazette. Redwood City. Schillig, Lawrence, LL- B. Stivers, Champion D., LL. B. York, John Tony, LL. B. 16 1893. Abbott, William Martin, LL- B. Lawyer. loi Sansome St., S. F. Asher, Hugo Kiewe, LL. B. Law- yer. 508 California St., S. F. Blum, Max, LL- B. ; A. B., Harvard, 1890. Lawyer. 2 17 Sansome St., S.F. Caldwell, Albert Augustine, LL. B. Lawyer. Riverside, Cal. Cary, James Hickcox, LL. B. ; Ph. B. Lawyer. 508 Montgomery St., S. F. Connick, Clifton Horace, LL. B. Deputy District Attorney of Humboldt County. Lawyer. Eureka. Deamer, William White, LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. 532 Market St., S. F. Dean, Richard Frank, LL. B.; A. B. 1890. Stockman. Ukiah, Umatilla Co., Or. Duncan, Robert, LL. B. Lawyer. Riverside. Eells, Hobart Kelsey, LL- B. Law- yer. 325 Montgomery St., S, F. Gregory, Bion Samuel, LL- B.; A.B., Pacific Methodist College, Santa Rosa, 1889. Lawyer. 104 Sutter St., S. F. Hill, Arthur Wellesley, LL- B. Law- yer. Eureka. Hillyer, Curtis, LL. B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Kelley, Edgar Albert, LL. B. Law- yer. Petaluma. Lynch, Charles William, LL. B.; B. S., St. Ignatius College. Lawyer. Phelan Building, S. F. McDonald, Paul, LL- B. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. McMurray, Orin Kip, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1890. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. North, Hart Hyatt, LL. B. Member of State Assemblv. Lawyer. Mills Bldg., S. F. Pidwell, John Trevasso, LLB. Law- yer. First National Bank Block, New Whatcom, Wash. Rodgers, William Lafayette, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1890. Lawyer. Nevada Block, S. F. Samuels, Leon, LL.B.; Ph. B. 1890. Lawyer. 530 California St., S. F. Warner, Emerson Mortimer, LL. B, Lawyer. Colfax, Wash. Worley, Alfred Lincoln, LL. B. Lawyer. 508 California St., S. F. 23 1894. Beatty, Henry Nixon, LL- B. Law- yer. 318 Pine St., S.F. 368 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Bell, William Troup, Lh. B. Law- yer. Mills Building, S. F. Berglund, Abraham, LL- B. Lawyer. 15 Perry St., S. F. Boyle, John Clark, LL- B. Lawyer. Cor. Corbett and Romain Sts., S. F. Brandenstein, Henry Ulysses, LL. B. ; A. B., A.M., LL. B., Harvard Uni- sity. Lawyer. 217 Sansome St., S. F. Brewer, John Ankeney, LL. B. ; Ph. B. 189 r. Lawyer. Los Angeles. Coffer, John Eugene, LL.B. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Coleman, Robert Lewis, LL-B.; Ph. B., Yale University, 1S91. Lawyer. 532 Market St., S. F. Crowell, Clarence Elwin, LL. B. Lawyer. Oakland. Drum, John Sylvester, LL- B. Law- yer, Oakland. Edwards, John Henry, Jr., LL. B. Lawyer. San Francisco. Hixon, Arthur Cameron, LL- B. Lawyer, San Francisco. Jacobs, Lester Henry, LL. B. ; Ph. B. 1 89 1. Lawyer. Mills Building, S. F. Jung, Fred Henry, LL. B. ; B. S. 1888, M. S. 1889, St. Ignatius College. Lawyer. ?5 Drumm St., S. F. Mastick, Seabury Cone, LL. B.; A. B. 1891, A.M. 1894, Oberliu College. Lawyer. 520 Montgomery St., S. F. McDonald, John Joseph, LL- B.; A. B., St. Mary's College. Lawyer. 504 Kearny St., S. F. McElroy, John Edmund, LL-B.; A. B., Santa Clara College. Secretary of Alameda County Laiv Library. 854 J^ Broadwa}^ Oakland. McKnight, James Henry, LL. B. Lawyer. ]\Iills Building, S. F. Nowland, James Alfred, LL. B. Lawyer. Wilmington, Del. Olney, Warren, Jr., LL. B.; A. B. Lawyer. loi Sansome St., S. F. Parkinson, Oscar Bronson, LL- B. Lawyer. Stockton. Pawlicki, Thadeus Edward, LL. B.; A. B., St. Ignatius College, 1891. Lawyer. 220 Sansome St., S. F. Quigley, Cyrus Edward, LL. B. Lawyer. San Francisco. Satterwhite, William Thomas, LL. B. Lawyer. Los Angeles. Stone, Leonard, LL- B. Lawyer and Registrar Hastings College of the Law. Mills Building, S. F. Sutro, Alfred, LL-B.; A. B., Har- vard, 1 89 1. Lawyer. Crocker Building, S. F. Syer, Robert Reay, LL- B.; A. M., Santa Clara College. Lawyer. San Jo.se. Waste, William Harrison, LL. B.; Ph. B. 1891. Notary Public and Lawyer. 906 Broadway, Oakland. Webster, Albert Bradford, LL. B.; A. B., 1892. Lawyer. 319 Pine St., S. F. Woodworth, Marshall Borel, LL. B. Assistant Clerk, United States District Court. Appraisers' Building, S. F. PRESIDENTS, VICE-PRESIDENTS, SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS OF THB Alumni Association of the Medical Department. Owing to the incompleteness of the earlier records of the Alumni Association, the names of persons holding office prior to 18S4 have been omitted. PRESIDENTS. 18S4-86 . A. P. Whittell, d.^ 73 1886-88 . Kate I. Howard, '85 1888-90 . L. M. F. Wanzer, '76 1S90-91 . L. M. F. Wanzer, '76 1891-95 . James W. Blake, '74 VICE-PRESIDENTS. L. M. F. Wanzer, '76 Jules A. Simon, '75 . Francois Delmont, '74 Francois Delmont, '74 Mary F. Moody, '82 . SECRETARIES. Winslow Anderson, '84 Washington Dodge, '84 Winslow Anderson, '84 Jules A. Simon, '75 . . Jules A. Simon, '75 . . TREASURERS. . D. T. Callaghan, '73. Jerome A. Anderson, . Kate I. Howard, '85. Kate I. Howard, '85. Kate I. Howard, '85. 73. Note.— In the following List of Graduates, ilalia denote past occupations. GRADUATES: MEDICAL DEPARTMENT 369 GRADUATES OF THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. 1864. Damour, Ferdinand, M. D. Davie, John Chapman, M. D. Sur- gcoii to Marine Hospital ; President Medical Coinicil of Britisli Columbia ; Provincial PIcaltli Officer of British Co- lumbia. Physician. Victoria, B. C. Dubois, Amos S., M. D. San I^eandro. Handy, John C, M. D. Tucson, Ariz. Pond, Milo Bushnell, M. D. Assis- tant Resident Physician, City and County Hospital, San Francisco; Vice- President State l\Icdical Socict\\ Cali- fornia; Coroner, and Secretarv Board of Health, Napa County. Physician and fruit and wine grower. Napa. Stivers, Charles A., M. D. d. Weeks, Freeman L., M. D. d. Welch, William P., M. D. S— *2 1865. Drinkhouse, E. J. C, M. D. Fenn, Charles Merwin, M. D.; A. M., lUinois College, 111., 1881. Coroner and Public Administrator, San Diego County; Health Officer of City of San Diego; Post Surgeon, Acting Assistant Surgeon, United States Army ; Mem- ber of Board of Education. Member of Board of Health. Physician. San Diego. Gros, Edward, M. D. Taylor, Edward Robinson, M. D. Private Secretary to Governor Haight. Member of third Board of Freeholders for forming Charter for San Francisco. Trustee of Free Library, San Francisco. Trustee of Leland Stanford funior University . Vice-Preside7it of Cooper Medical College. Presidetit of Bar Associatio?i of Sa>i Francisco. Lawyer. 530 California St. Residence, 230S California St., S. F. 4 1866. Barber, Edward Thomas, M. D. ; A. B., University of Pacific; M. D. Yale Medical College, 1874. Surgeon Southern Padfic Company for a mimbcr of years. Real estate owner and physi- cian. Lancaster P. O., Los Angeles Co. Brierly, Conant B., M. D. d. ■ Fine, Andrew, M. D. United States Pension Examining Surgeon, i886-go. Physician. 278 E. iith St., Oakland. Heavitt, Granville, M. D. Lingo, Marin B., M. D. Physician. Salem, Or. Plummer, Richard H., M. D. Pro- fessor of Anatomy, Cooper Medical College; Physician. 652 Mission St., S. F. Prevost, J. .Renny, M. D. d. Richardson, James A., M. D.; grad- uated at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, in 1870. Member of the Oregon State Senate for four years; Physician to the Oregon State Penitentiary ; Consulting Physician to Oregon State Insane Asylum ; Physi- cian to Oregon State Reform School. Physician. Salem, Oregon. Rupe, Samuel H., M. D. d. Widney, Joseph P., M. D., receiving Toland Medal; A. M., University of the Pacific. Held several Professor- ships in the University of Southern California ; member of State Board of Health. Editor of Southern California Practitioner . President of Los Ange- les Board of Education ; President of University of Southern California. 150 West Adams St., Los Angeles. ID— *3 1867. Cairns, John, M. D. Hackett, John J., M. D. Physician. Markham. Hansen, Thomas C, M. D. O'Neill, A. A., M. D. d. Robinson, Luke, M. D ; M. R. C. P., F. O. S., London, 18S4. Member State Board of Health; member Board of Examifiers, State Medical Society. Professor of Diseases of Women, Post- Graduate Department, University of California; Physician. 813 Sutter St., S. F. Shelton, Thomas W., M. D. Physi- cian. Salem, Or. Steely, John, M. D. 7—* I 1868. Bates, Charles B., M. D. Physician. Santa Barbara. Cameron, James Strong-, M. D. Member State Board of Health. Phy- sician. Red Bluff. Corbett, S. J., M. D. d. McGuire, Lucius, M. D. d.- Newmark, Valentine, .\T. D. d. Walz, G., M. D. 6_*3 1869. Caldwell, Robert, M. D. Chairman Board of Health, San Jose. Physician. 340 South Second St., San Jose. Clark, J. J., M. D. Physician. 21 Powell St., S. F. Cochran, W. A., M. D. Haile, C. S., M. D. d. Toland, Charles A., M. D. d. Turner, J. T., M. D. d. Tuttle, Hiram Pardee, M. D.; B. S., University of Pacific, 1865. Coroner Monterey Courtly ; Stirgeon Southern Pacific Railroad, i8'j^-82 ; President County Medical Society, Tacoma, Wash- ington. Physician. 216 Pacific Ave., Tacoma, Wash. Webber, J. S., M. D. Physician. Sierra County. Younger, Alexander J., M. D. Phy- sician. 826 Sutter St., S. F. 9— *3 1870. Biggs, M. H., M. D. Physician. Lima, Peru. Mackeznie, J. H., M. D. Phy.sician. Edinburgh, Scotland. Rucker, Hiram Newton, M. D.; post- graduate course at Post-Graduate Med- ical School, New York City, 1886. Grand Master of Masons in i88y-88 ; Superintendent Stockton State Ijisane Asylum, i8S8-cj2. Physician. 524 Thirteenth St., Oakland. Sage, Charles T., M. D. d ■ Seawell, John L., M. D. 5—* I 1871. Churchill, Leonard, M. D. d.^ Hampton, James E., M. D. d.^ Kirkpatrick, C. A., M. D. d. 1872. 3— '-3 Keane, George B., M. D. Physician. 619 Green St., S. F. Kurtz, Joseph, M. D. Professor oj S2irgery, Afedical Department, Uni- versity of Southern Califorjiia. Phy- .sician. Los Angeles. Lyford, L. Dexter, M. D. d.- 3-* I 1873. Anderson, Jerome August, M. D. President Theosophical Society ; mem- ber Board of Freeholders. Physician. 1 170 Market St., S. F. Cox, Thomas H., M. D. d. Martineaut, Eugene D., M. D. First Demonstrator of ^-Inatomy in Medical Department, University of California ; Police Surgeon of San Francisco. Physician. 606 Kearny St., S. F. 370 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Mays, William Henry, M. D. Pro- fessor of Gynecology, post-graduate Medical Deparment, University of California. Physician. 1009 Sutter St., S. F. O'Neill, J. C, M. D. d. Schnabel, Martin, M. D. Physician. Newcastle. Sylvester, Julian, M. D. d. Whittell, A. P., M. D. d. • 1874. Biggs, F. P., M. D. Physician. Valparaiso. Blake, James William, M. D. 1844 Geary St., S. F. Delmont, Francois, M. D. Physician. 1423 California St., S. F. Hicks, Young E., M. D. d. McDermott, William Patrick, M. D. Physician. 222 San Jose Ave., S. F. McLean, Robert Armistead, M. D. Professor of Clinical Surger3^ Medical Department, University of California, and Dean of the Faculty. Physician. 305 Kearny St. Residence, Pacific Ave. and Broderick St., S. F. Miller, Charles Frederick, M. D. Physician. Ventura. Nottage, George E., M. D. Physi- cian. Stockton. Waters, John W., M. D. Physician. Carson City, Nev. 9-* I 1875. Allen, Edward 0., M. D. d. Benedict, C. W., M. D. d. Calbreath, John F., M. D. Physi- cian. Weston, Va. Callaghan, D. T., M. D. Physician. 1003 Devisadero St., S. F. Davidson, Joseph R., M. D. Physi- cian. 121 Montgomery St., S. F. Dawson, Alson, M. D. Reno, Nev. Harris, Thomas W., M. D. Physi- cian. Russellville, Ind. Kosbue, A. E., M. D. Physician. Yuba City. Mason, Benjamin F., M. D. Physi- cian. San Leandro. Miller, John Alexander, M. D.; cre- dentials from Universities of Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany, 1884 and 1885. Surgeon San Francisco & San Mateo Railway Company ; Physician. 1018 Valencia St., S. F. Shellhouse, E. J., M. D. Physician. Sinaloa, Mexico. Simon, Jules Arthur, M. D.; M. D., Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France, 1883. hiterne ' ' Hopital de Roths- child" Paris, France, 1880-82; Clini- cal Instructor for Diseases of the Ner- vous System and Assistant to the Chair of Mental Diseases and Medical Juris- prudence, Medical Departmeyit, Uni- versity of California, 1884-^0; Physi- cian to the French Hospital, Sati Francisco, j888-gio; Member State Board of Examiners, i88j-8g; Mem- ber a7id Secretary of Literary Chapter of San Francisco Medical Benevolent Society, iSS^-go. Member American Medical Association, State Medical Society of California, County Medical Society of San Francisco; Physician to the French Consulate since 1884; Physician. 323 Geary St., S. F. Smith, William P., M. D. Physician. Salem, Or. Swann, Charles M., M. D. 14 *2 1876. Blake, Charles M., M. D. Brannan, Jason J., M. D. Examin- ing Surgeon of the Pension Department of Interior, iSjg ; Chairmaji of Stale Board of Health of Nevada, 1878 ; Censor in Nevada State Medical So- ciety. Physician. Healdsburg, Sonoma Co. Brown, George Jeremiah, M. D. Member of Board of Educatio?i three years, Amador County. Physician. Fort Bragg, Mendocino Co. Chaigneau, V. A., M. D. Physician. Crescent Citj'. Connolly, John J., M. D. Physician. Fresno. Hodgdon, W. H. A., M. D. d. Hook, Walter E., M. D. Physician. Walnut Creek. Kirkwood, J. W., M. D. Physician. Salem, Or. Lindenberger, W. H., M. D. d. McCormack, Herbert F., M. D. Physician. Eugene, Or. Minor, John F., M. D. San Francisco. Pope, Horace Eliot, M. D.; D. D S., Boston Dental College, 1875; F. C. D. S., Boston Dental College, d. 1895. Powell, J. M., M. D. Physician. Mammoth, Or. Quinlan, Albert P., M. D. Rorke, James, M. D. Seawell, Thomas H., M. D. Physi- cian. Healdsburg. Sichel, Gustave William, M. D.; D. D. S. 1882. Dentist. 410 Kearny St., S. F. Smith, T. H., M. D. Physician. Eureka. Summers, G. M., M. D. Physician. Easton. Wanzer, Lucy Maria Field, M. D First woman admitted and graduated on the Pacific Coast. Physician. ' 205 Taylor St., S. F. 20— *3 1877. Duncan, S. C, M. D. d. Frost, James, M. D. PresidentVallejo Boai-d of Health ; United States Ex- ajnijiing Stirgeon. Physician. 2324 Mission St., S. F. Heinimann, J. M., M. D. Physician. 802 Montgomery St., S. F. Josephi, Simeon E., M. D. Dean and Professor of Obstetrics and Psy- chology, Medical Department, Univer- sity of Oregon. Physician. 3d and Washington sts., Portland, Or. McColl, G. F., M. D. Physician. East Portland, Or. McDonald, J. J., M. D. Physician. Eugene, Or. Pescia, Joseph, M. D.; A. B., St. Ignatius College, 1875; M. D., Insti- tute of Superior Studies, Florence, Italy, 1880. Member of Board of Su- pervisors, San Francisco, i88j-go. Pension Examining Surgeon; Physi- cian. 611 Washington St. Residence, 1429 Mason St., S. F. Reich, Geo. A., M. D. Oculist and Aurist. Seattle, Wash. Reynolds, George E., M. D. Physi- cian. Alameda Co. Stevenson, J. R., M. D. Physician. Redding. Swisher, J. R., M. D. Physician. Healdsburg. Von Buelo, F., M. D. Physician. 40 Eleventh St., S. F. Weiss, E. M., M. D. Physician. 622 Filbert St., S. F. Wheaton, S. P., M. D. Physician. Oakland. Williamson, W. T., M. D. Physi- cian. East Portland, Or. 15 — *i 1878. Bradbury, George F., M. D. Bruns, William C, M. D. Actitig Assisfajit Surgeon, United States Army; Assistant City Physician, Portland, Oregon. Physician. First and Main Sts., Portland, Or. Curran, Mary K., M. D. Academy of Sciences, Market St., S. F. Guilemard, A. J., M. D. d. — Lewitt, F. A., M. D. Physician. Eureka. McLaughlin, Moses A., M. D. Phy- sician. Cor. Railroad and Eleventh aves., S. F. Osier, Charles, M. D. Physician. Oakland, Or. GRADUATES: MEDICAL DEPARTMENT 37' Pruett, John A., M. D. Interne, City and County Hospital, San Francisco; Surgeon for Mexican National Con- struction Company: Physician at Fall- brook, San Diego County, /882-gj. Died January 25, 1S93. Seavey, Llewellyn T., M. D. ; Course of Instruction, New York Post- Grad- uate School, 1887. Physician and Health Officer, Puget Sound District. Port Townsend, Wash. Shuey, Sarah I., M. D. Physician. 952 Fourteenth St., Oakland. Summers, John F., M. D. Physician. Easton. II— *2 1879. Addington, David Morgan, M. D. Resident Physician at Bartlett Springs. Lake County. Downs, George W., M. D. Physi- cian. Vallejo. Foote, Gilbert, M. D. Surgeon on the Steamships Colima and Australia. Gov- ernment Physician, Hawaiian Islands, four and one-half years. Died May 29, 1894. Gale, Herbert A., M. D. Physician. 46 O'Farrell St., S. F. Harmon, Roberdeau, M. D.; Ph. B. 1876. Physician. 969 Broadway, Oakland. Howell, N. H., M. D. Physician. Bishop Creek. Hughes, L. J., M. D. Physician. Market St., 3. F. Johnstone, A., M. D. New York. Scott, Arthur W., M. D. Alameda. Smith, George Sidney, M. D.; B. A., Trinity College, 1865; L. M., Rotunda Lying-in Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, 1878; Special Certificate for proficiency in Public Vaccination, by Sir Edward Sinclair, Dublin, 1878. Physician. Proprietor Seal Cove Sanitarium, Half- moon Bay. The Colony, San Mateo Co. Sparkes, Agnes, M. D. Voight, W. C, M. D. Physician. Stillwater, Minn. Younger, Edward A., M. D. 13 I880. Bettleheim, A. F., M. D. d. Caldwell, H. H., M. D. Physician. vSan Jose. Foulkes, J. F., Jr., M. D. d. Hopkins, Thomas P., M. D. ; B. S., Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, 1873. United States Medical Examiner; Notary Public. Physician. Potter Valley. Laidlaw, Horace, M. D. Physician. Oakland. Lord, Franklin F., M. D. Physician. 235 Kearny St., S. F. Meyers, Robert C, M. D. Physi- cian. N. W. cor. Union and Powell .sts., S. F. Muller, Herman Emanuel, M. D. Member of Board of Health, Oakland, i8gi-g2. Physician. 1155 Broadway, Oakland. Pond, Henry M., M. D.; A. B. 1876. Second Vice-President of State Medical Society. Physician. St. Helena. Robertson, John W., M. D. Physi- cian. (See list of Faculties.) Livermore. Sabey, L. A., M. D. Phy,sician. Crescent City. I I — *2 1881. Bates, Walter E., M. D. Physician. Davisville. Beardsley, M. E., M. D. Physician. 135 1 Howard St., S. F. Clinton, C. A., M. D. Physician. 3279 Mfssion St., S. F. Dean, Andrew J., M. D, Physician. Haywards. De Puy, Anson A., M. D. Phj'sician. Crescent City, Del Norte Co. Evans, C. W., M. D., Physician. Modesto. Gilham, G. W., M. D. Physician. Oakland, Or. Grattan, E. L., M. D. Le Fevre, Joseph P., M. D. ; Ph. B., Missouri State Normal School, 1876. County Physician and Sxiperintendent County Hospital of San Diego County four years; Siiperintendent San Fran- cisco County Hospital one year. Phy- sician. 14 Grant Ave., S. F. Morgan, F. E., M. D. Physician. Santa Cruz. Olds, William H., M. D. Sawyer, H. C, M. D. Physician. 15 Hill vSt., S. F. Sellon, Anna F., M. D. d. Sheets, John H., M. D. Surgeon of Carbon Hill Coal Company , Carbonado , Washington. Physician. Buckley, Pierce Co. , Wash. Sutro, Emma L., M. D. (Mrs. George W. Merritt.) Temporarily in Europe. Young, Junius D., M. D. Physician. Stockton. 16— * I 1882. Baumeister, Bernhardt H. House Physician and Surgeon in City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Phj'- sician. Cor. Dolores and 29th sts., S. F. Bromley, Robert Innis, M. D. Phy- sician. Souora, Tuolumne Co. Burchard, Leonidas Soule, M. D.; Ph. B. 1875. Physician. 1 155 Broadway, Oakland. Mathewson, J. M., M. D. Physician. Oakland. Merritt, G. W., M. D. Physician. 928 Sutter St.,S. F. Moody, Mary Winegar, M. D. Mem- ber of the Clinical Staff of Children's Hospital; Phy.sician. 2520 Howard vSt., S. F. Muenter, Henry, M. D. d. Patterson, Thomas J., M. D.; B. S., Pacific Methodist College, 1879, Phy- sician. Visalia, Tulare Co. Payne, J. R., M. D. Physician. San Diego. Pressley, John B., M. D. Physician. Sanger, Fresno Co. Reardon, T. B., M. D. Physician. Oroville. Senter, E. S., M. D. d. Stanton, James 0., M. D. Coroner of San Francisco. Member Board of Railroad Commissioners; Physician. 659 Clay St., S. F. Stewart, J. M., M. D. d. Tartar, A. P., M. D. Physician. Tehama. 15— * 3 1883. Borde, Henry J., M. D. Physician. Cambria. Hughes, Jerome A., M. D. Coroner of San Francisco, i8gj-g§. Physi- cian. 36J2 Geary St., S. F. Lonigo, Emil Victor, M. D. Assis- tant Surgeo7i City Receiving Hospital, San Fra?icisco, i88j-8^. Phj'sician. Santa Rosa. Lovett, William B., M. D. Super- intendent of Veterans' Home, Yount- ville. Physician. East Oakland. Lundborg, Gustaf W., M. D. d. Mervy, Emil Claud, M. D.; Ph. G. 1879. Physician. 822B Union St., S. F. Paton, Charles James, M. D. Phy- sician. 327 Geary St., S. F. Reed, Clarence Ellsworth, M, D. Superintendent Esmeralda County Hos- pital, Nevada ; Siugeon of Carson & Colorado Railway, Nevada. Phj'sician. Petaluma, Sonoma Co. Riley, Jahiel S., M. D. Physician. Port Costa, Contra Costa Co. Urban, Kurt, M. D. Physician. Occidental. Wickman, William J., M. D. Phy- sician. San Rafael. U2 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 1884. Anderson, Winslow, M. D.; M.R.C.P., Liondoii, 1891; M. R. C. S., England, 1891; A.M., National University of Chicago, 1892. Adjunct to the Chair of Principles and Practice of Medicine, Medical Department, University of California; Physician. 603 Sutter St., S. F. Beede, William Morris Stewart, M. D. House Surgeon, City and County Hospital, San Francisco , iSS^; Coroner San Joaquin County, i888-8g. Physician. 246 Main St., Stockton. Buckley, Vincent de Paul, M. D.; A. B., St. Mary's College, San Fran- cisco, 1878. Assistant Police Surgeon and City Physician of San Francisco . Physician. 504 Kearny St. Residence, 1203 Jackson St., S. F. Clark, William Dibble, M. D. Vice- Preside7it of the Northern Medical As- sociation. Physician. 121 Powell St. Residence, 819 Filbert St., S. F. Connolly, Thomas E., M. D. Physi- cian. 1329 Howard St., S. F. D'Ancona, Arnold Abraham, M. D,; A. B. 1880. Professor of Ph^'siology, Medical Department, University of California ; Professor of Physiology and Histology, College of Dentistr)?, University of California; Physician. 405 Montgomerjf St. Residence, 21 14 Devisadero St., S. F. Day, John G., M. D. Cascade IvOcks, Or. Dodge, Washington, M. D. Visiting Physician, St. Liike' s Hospital, San Francisco. Professor of Therapeutics, Medical Department, Univer-sitj' of California; Phj'sician. N. E- cor. California and Devisadero sts., S. F. Enright, Charles M., M. D. Phj^si- cian. 113 Powell St., S. F. Gates, Frank H., M. D. Physician. Cascade Eocks, Or. Kelly, John Lee, M. D. Physician. Fernwell Block, Spokane, Wash. McCoy, Juan W., M. D. San Francisco. Nuttall, George H. F., M. D. As- sistant Professor of Hygiene, Univer- sity of Berlin. Germany. Partsch, Hermann, M. D. Physi- cian. 1616 Eeavenworth St., S. F. Scholl, Albert L., Al. D. Physician. 725 Twentieth St., S. F. Sherman, Eleonora S. (Mrs. Yel- land), M. D. Eos Gatos, Santa Clara Co. 16 1885. Armistead, Howell Venable, M. D. Railroad Surgeon; Physician. Newman, Stanislaus Co. Baldwin, Robert 0., M. D. Coroner of Alameda Count}-; Physician. Oakland. Collins, Addison Crandall, M. D. Physician. Golden Gate, Alameda Co. Gallwey, John, M. D. Physician. 624 Kearny St., S. F. Howard, Katherine I., M. D. Phy- sician. 334 O'Farrell St., S. F. Lustig, Daniel D. , M. D. Physician. 6 Turk St., S. F. Nichols, Theodore A., M. D. Phy- sician. Mission San Jose. Perrault, Edward L., M. D. Idaho. Wilcox, Wilbur J., M. D. Physi- cian. 461 E. 14th St., Oakland. Williamson, John Marshall, M. D. Professor of Anatomy, Medical De- partment and College of Dentistrj^, Universit)^ of California. 21 Powell St., S. F. Winton, Henry Nelson, M. D.; M. D., Jefferson Medical College, Philadel- phia, 18S9. Assistant to Chair of Ma- teria Medica and Medical Clieniistry, Medical Department, University of California. Adjunct to Chair of The- rapeutics, Medical Department, Uni- versity of California; Physician. 922A Sutter St., S. F. Woods, W. E. Josephine, M. D. Physician. San Jose. Wooster, David, M. D. d. i3_*i 1886. Brown, Ernest S., M. D. Chalmers, William P., M. D. Phy- sician, loi Eddy St., S. F. Conlan, William E., M. D. Physi- cian. x6 Oak St., S. F. Kingsley, Thomas H., M. D. Phy- sician. Eower Eake. Plant, Benjamin A., M. D. House Sujgeon, City and (County Hospital, San Francisco; Assistant' Health OJfeer in Sa-)i Francisco during small-pox epidemic, iSSy-88; Surgeon, Pacific Mail Steamship Company' s ships "San Bias " and " City of Peking, ' ' i888-8p; member and Secretary Santa Cruz Board of Health. Physician. Santa Cruz. Soboslay, Julius, M. D. Physician. 104J2 Sixth St., S. F. Wilson, Kemlo R., M. D. Scotland. 7 1887. Cluness, William Ross, M. D. Phy- sician. Klamath Hot Springs, Siskiyou Co. Cook, Francis Stevens, M. D. In- terne City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Physician. 712 O'Farrell St., S. F. Fottrell, Michael J., M. D. Physi- cian to St. Mary' s Hospital, Physician. 2217 Fillmore St., S. F. Glaze, George I., M. D. Howard, William Berry, M. D. Su- perintendent of Schools of Stanislaus County; Physician. Modesto. KirchhofFer, F., M. D. Resident Phy- sician German Hospital. Physician. 2606 Howard St., S. F. Kobayashi, Sankio, M. D. Japan. Mays, Arthur H., M. D. Resident Pliysician, City and County Hospital. McLean, John T., M. D. d. Morrill, Augustus Lincoln, M. D. Physician. Colima, State of Colima, Mexico. Park, Theorilda C. Physician. 12 12 Sutter St., S. F. Reardon, William E., M. D. d. Shannon, James, M. D. Member of Board of Health, Seattle, Wash., three years. Physician. Seattle, Wash. Tevis, Henry L., M. D. 1316 Taylor St., S. F. Watanabe, Tay, M. D. Japan. Williams, Robert B., M. D. Physi- cian. San Diego. 16— * 2 1888. Alexander, Monrove E., M. D. Phy- sician. Washington Building, Seattle, Wash. Barbat, J. Henry, Ph. G. 1880. Demonstrator of Anatomy, College of Dentistry, University of California, and Demonstrator of Anatomy, Medi- cal Department, University of Califor- nia; Physician. 1618 Folsom St., S. F. Cox, Rosamond Louise, M. D. Ocu- list and Aurist. 426 Post St., S. F. Dennis, Nathan P., M. D. d. Dunn, James P., M. D.; B. S. 1884. Assistant Instructor in Chemistry, Uni- versity of California, 188^-8'/; House Physician and Siirgeon, City and County Hospital of San Francisco, i88S-8g; Health Officer, City of Oak- land, iSgi-pj, and City Physician. Physician. iiOT,}4 Broadway, Oakland. Estes, Melvin B., M. D. Physician. 317 Jones St., S. F. Frick, Euclid B., M. D. Philadelphia. Hapersberger, Albert Karl, M. D.; A. B. 1885. Assistant Clinical In- structor, Medical Department, Univer- sity of California ; Physician. 1 104 Market St., S- F. GRADUATES: MEDICAL DEPARTMENT ?73 Noble, John A., M. D. Phj'sician. Powell Street Theater Bldg., S. F. White, James Taylor, M. D. Post- graduate course at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, with degree of M. D. Surgeon on United States rev- enue cutters for Arctic cruises of iS8g, 1 8 go and i8g^. 1926 2ist Ave,, Oakland. 10 — *i 1889. Bunker, Robert Elmer, M. D. Phy- sician. 601 California vSt., S. F. Foreman, Francisca Ingram, M. D. Clinician at the Dispensary of the Chil- dren s Hospital^ San Francisco. Phj'- sician. 612 Jones St., S. F. Gleaves, Christopher 0., M. D. Ph}- sician. Paso Robles. Haskin, William Henry, M. D. House Surgeon San Francisco City and County Hospital; House Surgeon New York Woman' s Hospital^ Clinical Assistajit Manhattan Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, New York City. Physician. ID East 43d St., New York City. Holmes, Edward R., M. D. Physi- cian. Revenue steamer Bear. Jones, Ottowell W., M. D. Physi- cian. 1901 Polk St., S. F. Kawakami, Masayasu, M. D. Japan. Marx, Frances R. (Mrs. Greene), M. D. Europe. Mather, Squire Rice, M. n. Physi- cian. 818 Sutter St., S. F. Mayer, Oscar J., M. D. Physician. 801 Sutter St., S. F. O'Brien, Aloysius Paul, M. D. ; edu- cated in Santa Clara College. Physi- cian and Surgeon City and County Hospital, i88g—go; Assistant Police Surgeon, iSgo-g2 ; Autopsy Surgeon to Coroner of San Francisco, i8g2-gjf. Physician. 1403 California St., S. F. Oliver, Joseph A., M. D. Physician. 1825 Turk St., S. F. Tuggle, Samuel P., M. D. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Medical Department, University of California. Physician. 302 Stockton St., S. F. Wade, Mark S., M. D. British Columbia. Zeyn, Gustav C, M. D. Physician. Alameda. 15 1890. Bond, Frederick Taylor, M. D.; Ph. G. 1886. Physician. 213 Geary St., S. F. Pelt, Rae, M. D. Interne United States Marine Hospital, San Francisco; Surgeon United States steamer ' 'Push.' ' Physician, Eureka, Humboldt Co. Hawkins, W. J., M. D. Physician City and County Hospital. Adjunct to the Chair of Physiology, Medical Department, University of California ; Coroner of San Francisco. 404 Third St., S. F. Hunkin, Sam J., M. D. Physician. 515A Taylor St., S. F. Kugeler, Henry B. A., M. D. Ad- junct to the Chair of Pathology and Histology, Medical Department, Uni- versity of California ; Physician. 1065 Howard St., S. F. Mann, Charles S., M. D. Physician. 836 vSutter St., S. F. Martinez, John M., M. D. Physi- cian. Guatemala, C. A. Meyer, Albert G., M. D. Phvsician. 213 Eleventh St., S. F. Mohun, Charles Constantine, M. D.; Ph. G- 1887. Resident Surgeon St. Mary' s Hospital, San Francisco. Phy- sician. 1 148 Sutter St., S. F. Scholl, Albert John, M. D.; M. D., Rush Medical College, Chicago, 1880. Phj'sician. 13 17 Los Angeles St., Los Angeles. Spring, Charlotte B., M. D. Surryhne, Benjamin F., M. D. County Physician Mono County; Health Officer Bodie; House Surgeon City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Ph}^- sician. Modesto. Thrasher, Marion, M. D. ; A. M., Butler University, Indiana, 1872. Phy- sician. 1228 Market St., S. F. 13 1891. Baker, Henry A., M. D. Surgeon on steamship City of Peking. Blake, Charles Robert, M. D. House Physician and Surgeon of City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Phy- sician. 1S44 Geary St., S. F. Burnham, Clark James, \l. D. Res- ident Physician St. Euke's Hospital. Assistant to Chair of Medicine, San Francisco Pol3'clinic ; Visiting Physi- cian to St. Luke's Hospital. Physician. 1 142 McAllister St. Residence, 2509 Washington St., S. F. Collischonn, Philip, M. D. A.ssistant to Chair of Medicine, San Francisco Polyclinic; Assistant Clinical In- structor, Medical Department, Univer- sity of California ; Physician. 757 Folsom St., S. F. Driscoll, Edward Paul, M. D. ; Ph. G. 1888. Physician. 143 1 Mission St., S. F. Dunbar, Arthur White, M. D. In- terne Sacramento County Hospital ; Interne United States Marine Hospital, Satt Francisco; Resident Physician St. Liike' s Hospital, San Francisco. As- sistant Surgeon United States Navy. Navy Department, Washington, D. C. Ford, Campbell, M. D. Phy.sician. 734 1 2 Broadway, S. F. Kirby, William T., M. D. Physi- cian. 1S98 Market St., S. F. Lagan, Edward, M. D. Ho2cse Phy- sician and Stirgcon in City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Physician. Petaluma. McDonald, James M., M. D. Physi- cian. 762^^ Folsom St., S. F. McMurdo, John R., M. D. Physi- cian. 1326 Webster St., S. F. Milton, Joseph L., M. D. Physician. Oakland. Molony, James J., M. D. Surgeon on steamship Oceanic. Residence, 410 Eddy St., S. F. Morse, Fred Wellington, M. D. ; Ph. B. 1878. Assistant in Agricul- tural and Viticultural Laboratories, University of California ; Special Vit- icultural Expert, State Viticulticral Commission ; Special Expert, Field Work, University of California and State Viticultural Commission. Phy- sician. 1 168 Washington St., Oakland. Olsen, Marie C, M. D. Oviedo, Louis Perfecto, M. D.; B.S. 1888, A. B. 1889, A. M. 1891, St. Mary's College, San Francisco. Res- ident Phj'sician, French Hospital, San Francisco. Petrie, Frank Branson, M.D.; Ph. G. 1888. Assistant to Dr. IVagner in Polyclinic, University of California, nose and throat diseases. Phj^sician. 211 South California St., S. F. Sims, John Marion, M. D. Assis- tant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Med- ical Department, Universit}^ of Cali- fornia. Physician. 519 Valencia St., S. F. Smith, Weston 0., M. D. Physi- cian. Alameda. Warner, James K., M. D. Physi- cian. 202^^2 Stockton St., S. F. Way son, James Thomas, M. D. House Surgeon, Portland (Or.) Hos- pital; appointed by Sec?'etary of Treas- ury as Surgeon Jipon U7iited States steamer " Cortvin" during Behring Sea cruise, i8g2. Port Townsend, Wash. 21 1892. Adelung, Edward von, Jr., M. D. Europe. Caglieri, Guido E., M. D. Europe. Crook, Emma E., M. D. Eraser, S. J., M. D. Physician. 1224 Mission St., S. F. MA THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Johnstone, Ernest K., M. D. Phy- sician. 32 O'Farrell St., S. F. Lowe, Frederick William, M. D. Interne Sacramento County Hospital; House Surgeon United States Marijie Hospital, San Francisco ; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, University of California, Medical Department. Physician. Knights Ferry, Stanislaus Co. McCone, James F,, M. D. Physi- cian. San Francisco. Nelson, John A., M. D. Physician. Sacramento. Ogden, George W., M. D, Physi- cian. Sacramento. Rathbun, William T., M. D. Phy- sician. Dunnigan, Yolo Co. Sanborn, Franklin H., M. D. Schram, Lillie Mabel, M. D. Phy- sician. St. Helena, Napa Co. Sutherland, Robert L., M. D.; M. D., lyOuisville Medical College, 1891. Physician. 906 Market St., S. F. Terry, Wallace I., M. D. Physician. Sacramento. 14 1893. Aird, John William, M. D. Phy- sician. Heber City, Wasatch Co., Utah. Berndt, Richard M., M. D. Phy- sician. 2017 O'Farrell St., S. F. Cadwallader, Rawlins, M. D.; A. M., San Diego College of Letters, 1889. Captain and Adjutant, Ninth Reg- iment, N. G. C. Physician. Fall River Mills, Shasta Co. Conrad, David Andrew, M. D. House Physician and Surgeon, City a?id County Hospital, San Francisco. Cothran, A. Lincoln, M. D. Medical Office, United States Marine Hospital Service, San Francisco. Falck, Millicent Elisabeth, M. D. Physician. 2209 Larkin St., S. F. Fleming, Bartholomew F., M. D. Physician. St. Mary's Hospital, S. F. Flesher, Frederick Charles Greg- ory, M. D. One of the Medical Staff at the Emergency Hospital during the Midwinter Fair. Physician. 103 Geary St., S. F. Freeman, Ernest M., M. D. Physi- cian. Lompoc. Gall, Alexander M., M. D. Physi- cian. Stockton. Glover, Cosmos Andrew, M. D. House Physician and Stcrgeon St. Luke's Hospital, San Francisco. Phy- sician. 1715 Green St., S. F. Horton, E. Shelton, M. D. Australia. Hulse, Clarance H., M. D. New York. Lagan, Hugh, M. D. Interne City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Maguire, Charles S., M. D. Physi- cian. Sutter and Stockton sts., S. F. McCarthy, Charles F., M. D. Phy- sician. 237 San Jose Ave., S. F'. Phelan, Henry du R., M. D. Received literary and classical education in France. Medical Officer, United States Marine Hospital Service, San Fran- cisco. Pond, Gardner Perry, M. D. Interne City and County Hospital, Sa?i Fran- cisco. Physician and Surgeon for the North American Commercial Com- pany, at St. Paul's Island, Behring Sea. 419 Barllett St., S. F. Rantz, Stephen H., M. D. Physi- cian. Lakeport. Sanborn, William K., M. D. Phy- sician. Oakland. Schrader, Sidney H., M. D. Australia. Simon, Grace, M. D. Physician. 624 Eddy St., S. F. 22 1894. (See group on page 261.) Booth, John Richard, M. D. In- terne City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Bunnell, Edwin, M. D.; A. B. 1891. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Medical Department, University of California ; Physician. 500 Guerrero St., S. F. Clark, George Waverley, M. D. Physician. Alexandria Hotel, Sutter St., S. F. Cleary, Stephen, M. D.; Ph. G. 1890. Physician to St. Joseph's Hospital and Sanitarium, San Diego. Crees, Robert, M. D. Interne City and County Hospital. 2104 Market St., S. F. De Puy, Edward Spence, M. D. Physician. Crescent City. Dickenson, Clarence Fitzhugh, M. D. Physician. Fresno. Fitzgibbon, Frank Timothy, M. D. Physician. 860 Mission St., S. F. Freeman, Charles Henry, M. D. Physician. Auburn. Greth, August, M. D. Physician. 1924 Stockton St., S. F. Hill, Edward John, M. D. Physi- cian. Eureka. Holmes, Thomas Blakeney, M. D. Physician. 1266 Twenty-third Ave., Oakland. Leland, Thomas Byers Woods, M. D. House Physician St. Euke's Hospital, San Francisco. Macinnis, Martin Bartholomew, M. D. Physician. 2134 Howard St., S. F. McOullough, Frank Edward, M. D. Interne City and County Hospital, San Francisco. McKnight, Nellie Mattie, M. D. House Physician Children's Hospital, San Francisco. Morrisey, Joseph Grant, M. D. Interne City and County Hospital, San Francisco. Morrison, Mary Elizabeth, M. D. Externe Children's Hospital, San Francisco. 2608 Howard St., S. F. Pawlicki, Casimir Francis, M. D. Physician. 1 1 1 9 Van Ness Ave. , S. F. Reith, Fenelon Massol, M. D. Phy- sician. Stockton. Root, Corydon Bee, M. D.; D. D. S. 1893. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Uni- versity of California. Dentist. 602 Buchanan St., S. F. Ryfkogel, Harry Arthur Lewis, M. D. Interne City and County Hos- pital, San Francisco. Selling, Nathalie, M. D. Europe. Sharp, James Graham, M.D.; D. D. S. 1893. Interne German Hospital, San Francisco; Assistant to Chair of Phys- iology and Histology, College of Dentistry, University of California. Sime, Neli Alfred, M. D. Physician. Wisconsin. Smith, Harvey Foster, M. D. Phy- sician. Wisconsin. Stirewalt, Henry Walter, M. D. Interne German Hospital, San Fran- cisco. Thompson, James Goodwin, M. D. Physician. 816 Powell St., S. F. Tiffany, Edward Vester, M. D. Physician. Modesto. Wilkes, Farrington, M. D. Physi- cian. Berkeley. Wright, Henry Eugene, M. D. Physician. Yolo Co. 31 GRADUATES: COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY M^ PRESIDENTS, SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS Alumni Association of the College of Dentistry. ASSOCIATION ORGANIZED 1893. PRESIDENTS. 1893-94 • • William Fuller Sharp, '90 , 1894-95 . . Harry Putnam Carlton, '86 SECRETARIES. TREASURERS. . Harold I^awrence Seager, '91 . Paul Charles Erhardt, '90. . Harry GriflSn Richards, '91 . . Paul Charles Erhardt, '90. Note.— In the following List of Graduates, italics denote past occupations. GRADUATES OF THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY. 1882. Hall, Thomas Watson, D. D. S. Oakland. Hibbard, Charles Wesley, D. D. S. Dentist. 202>< Stockton St., S. F. Morffew, Thomas, D. D. S. Dentist. 702 Market St., S. F. Flomteaux, Henry John, D. D. S. Clinical Professor of Mechanical Den- tistry, Dental College, Ufiiversity of California, iSS^-S^. Member of State Boardof Dental Examiners. Dentist. 1065 Washington St., Oakland. Eichards, Charles Wesley, D D. S. Cli7iical Instructor^ Dental Department, University of California, iS8j. Den- tist. 47 Post St., S. F. Sichel, Gustave William, M. D., D. D. S. Dentist. 401 Kearny St., S. F. Stanley, William Henry, D. D. S. Dentist. 115 Kearny St., S. F. Van Orombrugghe, August, D. D. S. 8 1883. Blood, John Nelson, D. D. S., d. Boxton, Charles, D. D. S. Decturer on Mechanical Dentistry, and In- structor in Mechanical Technic, Col- lege of Dentistry, University of Cali- fornia. Dentist. 131 Post St., S. F. Burch, Maria Angelina, D. D. S., d. Cochrane, Edwin Overton, D. D. S. Clinical Professor of Mechanical Deti- tistry, DeJital DepartmeJit, University of California, 188^-85. Dentist. 850 Market St., S. F. Cool, Russell Hopkins, D. D. S. Oakland. Gabbs, Milton F., D. D. S. Dentist. 406 Sutter St., S. F. Price, William Edmund, D. D. S. Demonstrator of Operative Dentistry, and Clinical Instructor in Dental De- partment, Universitj^ of California. Dentist. 1104 Market St., S. F. 7—* 2 1884. Cool, George Washington, D. D. S. Oakland. Dunn, John M., D. D. S. Dentist. 1 155 Broadway, Oakland. Gleaves, Archibald Duncan, D. D. S. St. Joseph, Mo. Nicol, Robert, D. D. S. Scotland. Reitzke, Gustav Carl, D. D. S. Den- tist. 1228 Market St., S. F. Simmons, William Henry, D. D. S. Dentist. 1209 Broadway, Oakland. Weldon, Elmer Joseph, D. D. S. Den- tist. 806 J St., Sacramento. 7 1885. Bettis, Harry Sylvester, D. D. S. Dentist. Boise City, Idaho. Botsford, George, D. D. S. Dentist. 3 Taylor St., S. F. Cate, Daniel Barratt, D. D. S. Den- tist. Quincy. Coulson, Nathaniel Thomas, D. D. S. Dentist. 1206 Market St., S. F. Drucker, George Ihmer, D. D. S. Dentist. 906 Market St., S. F. Fitzpatrick, William Ellis, D. D. S. Dentist. 997 Market St., S. F. Henderson, Walter Robert, D. D. S. Dentist. Stockton. Hutton, John Adams Douglas, D. D. S. Dentist. Berkeley. Pancoast, Franklin, D. D. S. Den- tist. 763 Market St., S. F. Rodolph, Charles Theodore, D. D. S. Dentist. 11 69 Broadway, Oakland. Saxe, Frederick Judson, D. D. S.; A. M., University of the Pacific, 1867. For some years Clerk of N'o. j District Court {now Superior Court) of Santa Clara County; Clerk of State Senate of State of California, i88f. Dentist. 1014 Broadwaj', Oakland. Schneider, Joseph, D. D. S. Demon- stiator of Operative DeJitistry, Dejital Department, University of California, 1SS6-87. Dentist. San Salvador, Salvador, C. A. Sylvester, Henry, Jr., D. D. S. Den- tist. 43 Sixth St., S. F. 13 ^76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 1886. Carlton, Harry Putnam, D. D. S. President Alumni Association, Dental Department, University of California, 1894-95 I Instructor in Operative Technics, Dental Department, Univer- sity of California. Dentist. Crocker Building, S. F. Couret, Hector Ludovic, D. D. S. Sonora, Mexico. Dunn, Martin Joseph, D. D. S. Den- tist. 850 Market St., S. F. Residence, Berkeley. Givovich, Nicholas Anton, D. D. S. Ragusa, Austria. Humphrey, John Gow, D. D. S. San Francisco. Morris, Thomas Harvey, D. D. S. Dentist. 47 Post St., S. F. Reith, William Cormack, D, D. S. Sacramento. Sand, Joseph Emil, D. D. S. Dentist. 20 Ellis St., S. F. Simmons, Benjamin Franklin, D. D. S. Oakland. Stuttmeister, William Oltman, D. D. S. Dentist. Redwood City, San Mateo Co. Sylvester, William Grover, D. D. S. Dentist. 406 Sutter St., S. F. 1 1 1887. Davis, Edwrard Livingston, D. D. S. Dentist. loi Phelan Bldg., S. F. Hodgen, Joseph Dupuy, D. D. S. Three years Superintendent of the Infirmary College of Dentistry, Univer- sity of California; Secretary of the National Association of Dental Exam- i?iers, i8gj-g^. Dentist ; Editor of the Pacific Coast Dentist; Member and Secretary of the State Board of Dental Examiners ; Assistant in Chemistrj' and Metallurgy, College of Dentistry, University of California. 1005 Sutter St., S. F. Jones, Harold McKean, D. D. S. Dentist. Cloverdale, Sonoma Co. Maldonado, Edward, D. D. S. Den- tist. 139 Post St., S. F. Payne, Robert Eugene, D. D. S. Post, Charles E., D. D. -S. Demon- strator Mechanical Dentistry two years in Dental College, University of Cali- fornia. President San Francisco Den- tal Association. Dentist. 14 Grant Ave., S. F. Regensburger, Arthur Theodore, D. D. S. Dentist. 114 Geary St., S. F. Rodden, George Frederick, D. D. S. DentLst. 139 Post St., S. F. Residence, vSan Rafael, Marin Co. Rodolph, George Walter, D. D. S. Dentist. 1169 Broadway, Oakland. Shuey, Granville Eugene, D. D. S. Dentist. 651 E. 14th St., Oakland. Simpson, Jennie M., D. D. S. Dentist to Children's Hospital and Training School for Nurses, San Francisco. Den- tist. 435 Geary St., S. F. Westphal, Otto Frank, D. D. S. Dentist. 935 Market St. Residence, 723 Bush St., S. F. 12 1888. Chapman, Ira Hart, D. D. S. Den- tist. Tacoma, Wash. Hackett, Samuel Allston, D. D. S. Dentist. 1055 Washington St., Oakland. Hultberg, Frank Lewis, D. D. S. Dentist. 229 Gear-s' St., S. F. McOargar, Philander, D. D. S. Den- tist. 906 Broadway, Oakland. Pfister, Joseph J., D. D. S. Dentist. Suisun, Solano Co. Shankey, William George, D. D. S. Dentist. Flood Bldg., S. F. Short, Edward Nelson, D. D. S. Dentist. Phelan Bldg., S. F. Weston, Charles Sawtelle, D. D. S. Dentist. 1069 Broadway, Oakland. 8 1889. Gambitz, Milton Ross, D. D. S. Dentist. 819 Market St., S. F. Gunzburger, Benjamin Mitchell, D. D. S. Dentist. Flood Building, S. F. Meyer, William Alexander, D. D. S. Dentist. 213 Eleventh St., S. F. Mobley, Warren Guice, D. D. S. Oakland. Nash, Dorr, D. D. S. Dentist. San Jose. Powell, Andrew John, D. D. S. Den- tist. Hay wards, Alameda Co. Pratt, Edward William, D. D. S. Demonstrator of Mechanical Dentistry, University of California, College of Dentistry. i8go-gi. Dentist. 14 Grant Ave., S. F. Sutliflf, Frederick Courtland, D. D. S. Sacramento. Wallace, Arthur H., D. D. S. Den- tist. 607 Sutter St., S. F. 9 I890. Allbright, Frederick Harrison, D. D. S. Dentist. Red Bluff. Back man, Gotthard Sigismund, D. D. S. Dentist. 6 Eddy St., S. F. Burleson, Frank Drake, D. D. S. Erhardt, Paul Charles, D. D. S, Demonstrator of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of California. 916 Market St., S. F. Heider, William T., D. D. S. Oakland. Herrick, Charles Alexis, D. D. S. Dentist. Jackson, Amador Co. Jacobs, Saul Robert, D. D. S. Noble Grand, San Francisco Eodge, No. 3, I. O. O. F. Dentist. S. E. cor 4th and Mission sts., S. F. Litton, Charles Ashby, D, D. S. Superintendent College of Dentistry, University of California, Donohoe Building. San Francisco. Lovegrove, Walter Romain, D. D. S. Dentist. 805 Howard St., S. F. Martin, George, D. D. S. Berlin, Germany. McCargar^ Richard, D. D. S. Den- tist. 913 Powell St., S. F. Rawson, Clark Harrison, D. D. S. Jamestown, N. Y. Redmond, John Matthew, D. D. S. Santa Rosa. Rulison, David Warren, D. D. S. Dentist. Reno, Nev. Sharp, William Fuller, D. D. S ; D. M. D., Harvard University, 1891. First Preside?it of Alumni Association of College of Dentistry; Instructor in AncBsthesia. i8gi-g2. Instructor of Operative Dentistry, College of Den- tistry, University of California. Den- tist. 500 Sutter St. Residence, 2315 California St., S. F. Sylvester, Albert John, D. D. S. Dentist. Sutter and Polk Sts., S. F. 16 1891. Armstrong, Josephine Wright, D. D. S. San Francisco. Bauer, Charles Franklin, D. D. S. Dentist, with Prof. M. J. Sullivan. 31 Post St., S. F. Bell, Charles Henry, D. D. S. Dentist. Sacramento and Fillmore sts., S. F. Blodgett, John Millard, D. D. S. Dentist. Lodi, San Joaquin Co. Corwin, Cecil, D. D. S. Dentist. 854^2 Broadway, Oakland. Elliot, D. Carter, D. D.S. Redwood, Cal. Frear, Philip Foster, D. D. S. 1461 loth Ave., E. Oakland. Griswold, Charles Lawrence, D. D. S. Dentist. 21 Powell St., S. F. Hyde, Charley George, D. D. S. Dentist. Merced. Hyde, Edwin Chandler, D. D. S. Phoenix, Arizona. Martin, William, D. D. S. Dentist. Klamath Falls, Or. McCarthy, John Patrick, D. D. S. Dentist. 1206 Market St., S. F. Meek, Charles Avan, D. D. S. Oakland. GRADUATES: COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY 377 Miles, Albert Dean Elmore, D. D. S. Dentist. Yo Semite Bldg., Stockton. Millar, Robert Forrester, D. D. S. Dentist. Dixon, Solano Co. Moore, Robert Isaac, D. D. S. Den- tist. 112 Chattanooga St., S. F. Or Honolulu, H. I. Noble, Howard Delos, D. D. S. Cor- responding Sccretaiy, San Francisco Dental Association, i8gj. Member of State Dental Association. Corres- ponding Secretary of the Alumni of College of Dentistry. Demonstrator of Mechanical Dentistry, College of Dentistr}', University of California. Dentist. 406 Sutter St., S. F. Orton, Forrest Hoy, D. D. S. St. Paul, Minn. Phillips, Frank Harry, D. D. S. Coroner and Public Administrator of San Benito Co7inty. Dentist. Hollister, vSan Benito Co. Richards, Harry Griffin, D. D. S. Secretary of San Francisco Dental As- sociation. Secretary of Alunmi Associ- ation of College of Dentistry , University of Califoriiia. Dentist. 931 Sutter St., S. F. Seager, Harold Lawrence, D. D. S. ; graduate, 1885, from Amersham Hall School, Reading, England. Demon- strator of Mechanical Dentistr}', Uni- versity of California. 536 Valencia St., S. F. Shaw, Harry Howard, D. D. S. Den- tist. 2407 Sacramento St., S. F. Van Orden, George Newins, D. D. S. Corresponding Secretary of San Fran- cisco Dental Association. Recording Secretary of San Francisco Dental Association. Dentist. 14 Grant Ave., S. F. Weyer, Gustavus Adolphus, D. D. S. Dentist. Modesto. 24 1892-93. Alger, Edmund J., D. D. S. Dentist. Albuquerque, N. M. Allen, Reginald Heber, D. D. S. Dentist. 651 E. 14th St., East Oakland. Arroyo, Jorge, D. D. S. Guatemala, Central America. Ashworth, Frank Parker, D. D. S. Dentist. 2404 Mission St., S. F. Avery, William Nelson, D. D. S. ; Ph. B., University of the Pacific, 1888. Dentist. 53 S. First St., San Jose. Bennett, Augustus Griffin, Jr , D. D. S. Dentist. 57 South First St., San Jose. Coke, Paul Sterling, D. D. S. Den- tist. San Jose. Davis, Emile William, D. D. S. Melbourne, Australia. Dennis, Cecil Chalmers, D. D. S. Dentist. 115 Powell St., S. F. Derby, Albert Terrill, D. D. S. Demonstrator of Mechanical Den- tistry, College of Dentistry, Univer- sity of California, Dentist. 206 Kearny St., S. F. Grove, William Caughlin, D. D. S. Merced. Halsey, Wilbur Hanford, D. D. S. Dentist. 1055 Washington St., Oakland. Huddy, George Hermann, D. D. S. Dentist. Honolulu, H. I. Litchfield, Oscar, D. D. S. Sebastopol. McQuitty, William Andrew, D.D.S. Dentist. 36J2 Geary St., S. F. Meredith, George Hubbard, D. D. S. Smartsville. Mervy, Edward Thomas, D. D. S. 1247 Market St., S. F. Parr, Edward Franklin, D. D. S. Chico. Root, Corydon Bee, D. D. S.; M. D. 1894. Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Uni- versity of California. Dentist. 639 Ellis St., S. F. Schlott, Ernest Frederick, D. D. S. Dentist. 701 Hayes St., S. F. Schumacher, Frederick, D. D. S. Dentist. 52 South Fir.st St., San Jose. Scott, Walter K., D. D. S.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1S94. Den- tist.' 231 Post St., S. F. Sharp, James Graham, D. D. S.; M. D. 1S94. Assistant Instructor to the Chair of Physiolog}' in College of Dentistry, University of California. Dentist and Assistant Resident Physi- cian at the German Hospital, San Franci.sco. 2315 California St., S. F. Suggett, Allen Holman, D. D S. B. S., Pierce Christian College, 1S88. Dentist. Peri Block, Marysville. Sullivan, Harry Francis, D. D. S. Dentist. 1 115 Broadway. Residence, 68i 23d St., Oakland. Taylor, Robert L., D. D. S. Dentist. 935 Market St., S. F. Taylor, William Emmett, D. D. S. Dentist. 13th and Washington Sts., Oakland. Thomas, Joseph Treleaven, D. D. S. Dentist. Virginia City, Nevada. 28 S@93-94. Baird, Edward Ellsworth, D. D. S. Dentist. Eodi, Cal. Cavell, William Henry, D. D. S. Dentist. Modesto. Chappell, McCoy, D. D. S. Redding. Deichmiller, Conrad, D. D. S. Los Angeles. Gibbon, John Alvin, D. D. S. San Francisco. Graham, Gilbert Fuller, D. D. S. ; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1895. San Francisco. Gray, Robert Frederick, D. D. S.; Student in Senior Class, Medical Col- lege, University of California. 1514 Taylor St., S. F. Jewell, Walter Simpson, D. D. S. Likens, James William, D. D. S. Carson, Nev. O'Rourke, William, D. D. S. Dentist. McDonough Bldg., Oakland. Powell, Henry, Jr., D. D. S. Dentist. Haywards, Alameda Co. Taylor, Walter Judson, D. D. S. Dentist. 718 J St., Sacramento. Van Orden, Leander, D. D. S. ; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1880. Pres- ident of San Francisco Dental Asso- ciation. Secretar}' of California State Dental Association. Dentist. 14 Grant Ave., S. F. Vogel, Thomas Augustus, D. D. S. Dentist. 2602 Howard St., S. F. Vogelman, David John, D. D. S. Dentist. Modesto. Wadsworth, William Henry, D. D. S. Ukiah. Wilcox, Walter Irving, D. D. S. Dentist. 423 Eddy St., S. F. Wood, Charles Custer, D. D. S. Dentist. Modesto, Stanislaus Co. 18 378 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESIDENTS, SECRETARIES AND TREASURERS OF THE ■ Alumni Association of the California College of Pharmacy. YEARS. PRESIDENTS. 1882-83 G. G. Burnett, '79 . 1883-84 D. M. Gove, '81 . . 1884-85 E. W. Joy, '78 , . 1885-86 K. W. Joy, '78 . . 1886-87 F. A. Grazer, '80 . 1887-88 F. A. Grazer, '80 1888-89 F. A. Beckett, '83 . 1889-90 F. T. Green, '82 . . 1890-91 J. J. B. Argenti, '81 1891-92 Otto A. Weihe, '89 1892-93 Otto A. Weihe, '89 1893-94 Emery P. Gates, '87 1894-95 Charles J. Schmelz, '85 1895-96 F. A. Beckett, '83 . . SECRETARIES. . C. M. Troppmann, '8) . D. M. Fletcher, '81 , - D. M. Fletcher, '81 . . F. A. Beckett, '83 . . . E. D'Artenay, '82 . . . J. G. Munson, '84 . . . J. G. Munson, '84 . . , Emery P. Gates, '87 . Emery P. Gates, '87 . . Emery P. Gates, '87 , . Emery P. Gates, '87 . . Otto A. Weihe, '89 . . Otto A. Weihe, '89 . . Otto A. Weihe, '89 TREASURERS. . S. A. McDonnell, '78, C. M. Troppmann, '81 C. M. Troppmann, '81 . J. J. B. Argenti, '81. . . D. M. Fletcher, '81 . . . G. W. Eoehr, '84, . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S- Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 . Joseph S. Warren, '87 GRADUATES OF THE COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. 1875. Bacon, Gaston Ernest, Ph. G. Mer- chant. 2645 Sacramento St., S. F. Graham, Thomas Dunnett, Ph. G- Pharmacist. 2127 Bush St., S. F. Kahn, Adolph James, Ph. G.; M. D., Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York. Ph3'sician. 430 Kearny St., S. F. McLean, F. P., Ph. G. San Francisco. Meyers, Robert C, Ph. G. Druggist. N. W. cor. Union and Powell sts. 5 1876. Harris, Henry Richard, Ph. G. Druggist. 1 132 Kentucky St., S. F. Ray, Frederick Edwards, Ph. G. Director and Vice-President California Musical Association and E. D. Crocker Art Gallery; Instructor in Chemistry, Sacraynento High School. Druggist and Analytical Chemist. 901 K St. Residence, 1431 K St., Sacramento. Rogers, Nathan, Ph. G. San Francisco. Bauer, Fred C, Ph G. San Francisco. Devine, John, Ph. G. Druggist. Cor. Geary and Fillmore sts., S. F. Selzer, Michael Joseph Edward, Druggist. 1552 Seventh St Ph. G. 1878. William Ludwig, Oakland. 3 Ph. G. Helke, Druggist. 2d and K sts., Sacramento. Joy, Edwin W., Ph. G. President California College of Pharmacy Alumni Association; President the Edwin W. Joy Co. Wholesale and retail drug- gist. Market and Powell Sts., S. F. McDonnell, S. A., Ph. G. Druggist, no Grant Ave., S. F. McLaughlin, William H., Ph. G.; M. D. 1883, Cooper Medical College, San Francisco. Physician. N. W. cor 26th and Mission Sts., S. F. Moore, C. C, Ph. G. Stockton. Parker, E. S., Ph. G. Sacramento. Weiss, Philip, Ph. G. With Green- baum & Co. Residence, 622 Filbert St., S. F. Zemansky, J. H., Ph. G. San Francisco. 8 1879. Burnett, George Glasgow, Ph. G. Capitalist. New York. Mathewson, J. McL., Ph. G. New York. GRADUATES: COLLEGE OF PHARMACY ^79 Mervy, Emil Claude, Ph. G. ; M. D. 1883. Physician. 822B Union St., S. F. Messing, L. J., Ph. G. Fresno. Minor, George Washington, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 46 Turk St., S. F. Smith, Arthur H., Ph. G. Druggist. N. E. cor. Bush and Polk sts., S. F. Sommer, Adolph, Ph. G. New York. Vreeland, Ph. L., Ph.G. d. 8—* I I880. Barbat, John Henry, Ph. G. (See hst of Medical Students and list of Faculties.) Dubois, Paul Aohille, Ph. G. Ojji- cial Interpreter of Courts of City a?id County of San Frayicisco. Druggist. 409 Kearny St., S. F. Grazer, Fredrick Augustus, Ph.G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1889; Post-graduate courses in Medicine, Universities of Wiirzburg and Berlin, Germany, 1891. Professor of Materia Medica, California College of Phar- macy, iSS^-Sy ; Secretary of Pharma- ceutical Society, i88j-S§. Honorary Member of California Pharmaceutical Society, 1888. Health Officer of City of Berkeley, i8gj. Chemist, Pharma- cist and Physician. 2261 Mission St., S. F. Hulting, Frederick B., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. 3d and Howard sts., S. F. Lengfeld, Felix, Ph. G.; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University, 1888. Fellow in Chemistry, fohns Hopkins University , 188J-88; Professoi of Chemistry, South Dakota School of Mines, i8go-gi ; In- structor in Chemistry, University of California, i8gi-g2. Instructor in Chemistry, University of Chicago. Chicago, 111. Leszynsky, Samuel L., Ph. G. Mer- chant. 1704 Buchanan St., S. F. Morrison, William Parks, Ph. G. With Mau, Sadler & Co., wholesale grocers, San Francisco. 1503 Jackson St., S. F. Oberdeener, Samuel, Ph. G. Presi- dent of Board of Education of Santa Clara. Druggist. Santa Clara. 8 1881. Adair, William Hollely, Ph. G. Phar- macist. 327 Montgomery St., S. F. Argenti, Jerome J. B., Ph. G. Drug- gist. 500 Guerrero St., S. F. Chard, George R., Ph. G. Druggist. Wakelee & Co. 1209 Buchanan St., S. F. De Witt, James Montanya, Ph. G. Cashier J. de la Montanya. 216-222 Jackson St., S. F. Residence, 1221 Paru St., Alameda. Elwert, Charles P., Ph. G. New York. Fevrier, John Paul, Ph. G. Pharma- cist. 1 1 24 Stockton St., S. F. Fletcher, David Maass, Ph.G. Trus- tee of College of Pharmacy, 1886-88. Pharmacist. 202 Stockton St. Residence, 1806 Laguna St., S. F. Gove, David Merritt, Ph. G. Drug- gist. 2 Id Fillmore St., S. F. Hammit, Charles Henry, Ph. G. Pharmacist. California and Kearny sts., S. F. Hurtzig, W. F. N., Ph. G. Drug- gist. 140 Third St., S. F. Lustig, Daniel D., Ph. G. Physi- cian. 6 Turk St., S. F. Murphy, Martin J., Ph. G. d. Scholl, Albert Louis, Ph. G.; M. D. 1884. Physician. S. F- cor. Mission and Fifth sts., S. F. Troppmann, Charles M., Ph. G. Sec- retary California Pharmaceutical So- ciety, i88j-8y ; Secretary and member Board of Trustees California College of Phannacy for four years. Druggist. 300 Sixth St., S. F. 1 4-* I 1882. Ball, Robert L., Ph. G. Real estate broker. Chamber of Commerce, Portland, Or. Bare, Edward R. L., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Residence, 510 Larkin St., S. F. Calegaris, Joseph, Ph. G. Clinical Chemist in the Women' s Department, Hospital of Genoa, Italy ; President San Francisco Druggists' Association ; President Italian Chamber of Com- merce. Chemist and Pharmacist. S. E. cor. Kearny and Pacific sts., S. F. D'Artenay, Eugene, Ph. G. Pharma- cist. 24th St. and Potrero Ave., S. F. Green, Franklin T., Ph. G. Member of firm of Theodore Green & Son, and analytical chemist. Residence, 214 Scott St., S. F. Happersberger, Emil, Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. Sixth and Mission sts., S. F. Judson, Russell Henry, Ph. G. Min- ing. 320 Sansome St., S. F. Tryon, James W., Ph.G. vSacramento. Young, Wilfred M., Ph. G. d. 9—* I 1883. Barrington, Charles Lott, Ph. G. Druggist. Van Ness Ave. and Market St., S. F. Beckett, Frederick Arthur, Ph. G. Secretary California College of Phar- macy, 188J-88 : Chairman Board of Trustees, California College of Phar- macy, i8gj-g.f. Commission Agent. 311 Walnut St., S. F. Dignan, Michael Henry, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Santa Rosa, Sonoma Co. Fitzell, Charles R., Ph. G. Eureka. Green, John A., Ph. G. Sacramento. Jones, Morgan L., Ph. G. d. Korper, Harry W., Ph. G. Real estate. 538 McAllister St., S. F. Lindsay, Frederick George, Ph. G. First Deputy Recorder, Tulare County, i88g-gi. Guard at San Quentin State Prison. 907 >< Powell St., S. F. Moore, Berkeley W., Ph. G. Stockton. Reilly, Paul H., Ph.G. Oakland. Rimpan, Frank T., Ph. G. Santa Barbara. Roturier, Emil, Ph. G. Skinner, Robert Wilson, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Eureka. Wall, H. A., Ph. G. Olympia, Wash. 14- -*i 1884. Ball, Henry A., Ph. G. Oregon. Barbat, Josephine Eugenie, Ph. G. Instructor in Botany, California Col- lege of Pharmacy. 1808 Encinal Ave., Alameda. Besthorn, H. E. D., Ph. G. Chemist with Eangeley & Michaels Co. Residence, 983 Harrison St., S. F. Dick, William Henry, Ph. G. Clerk Southern Pacific Company. 2254 Santa Clara Ave., Alameda. Krause, Frederick L., Ph. G. Oakland. Leber, Albert Lewis, Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. 7th and Myrtle sts., Oakland. Levison, Charles Gabriel, Ph. G. ; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1889. Physician. 2409 Washington St., S. F. Loehr, George William, Ph. G. Phar- macist. Cor. Geary and Devisadero sts., S. F. Munson, James G., Ph. G. San Jose. Newby, Thomas S., Ph. G. Ventura. Oberdeener, George, Ph. G. Stockton. Walsh, Andrew Desmond, Ph. G. Druggist. Redwood City. Whitney, William B., Ph. G. Healdsburg. 13 1885. Beaizley, George T., Ph. G. Phar- macist. 434 Sutter St., S. F. Davis, William J., Ph. G. Oakland. Dorrance, Ralph G., Ph. G. Hahman, P. T., Ph. G. Druggist. 215 Exchange Ave., Santa Rosa. 38o THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Mayer, Oscar J., Ph. G.; M. D. 1889; M. D,, Frederick William Uni- versity of Berlin, 1891. Volunteer Assistant Royal Hospital for Women, Munich; Volunteer Assistant Moabit Hospital {Surgical Stajf), Berlin. Physician. 435 Geary St., S. F. Meyer, August William, Ph. G. With HoUister Drug Company. Honolulu, H. I. Patton, William, J., Ph. G. Prien, Henry F., Ph. G. Trustee California College of Pharmacy, 1S86. Pacific Coast representative for Meyer Bros. Drug Company, St. Louis, Mo. Cor. Second Ave. and Clement St., S. F. Reilly, Eugene, Ph. G. Oakland. Schmelz, Charles J., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. Eleventh and Mission sts., S. F. Skilling, Harry H., Ph. G. Oakland. Topley, James Henry, Ph. G. Gold Medalist of the class of 18S5. Mem- ber and Secretary of the Vallejo Public Library Trustees, iSgo-p2; Member and Secretary of the Vallejo Board of Health, i8g2-g^. Member of the Vallejo Board of Education. Phar- macist. 316 Georgia St,, Vallejo. Turner, Guy S., Ph. G. Mode.sto. 13 1886. Bond, Frederick Taylor, Ph. G.; M. D. 1890. Physician. 213 Geary St., S. F. Boswell, Frank Moore, Ph. G. Druggist. Bradbury Block, Eos Angeles. Bratton, Fred 'Owen, Ph. G. With Wells, Fargo & Co. 945 Valencia St., vS. F. Drossel, August Adolph, Ph. G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1889. Physician. 1203 Powell St., S. F. Hughes, Samuel Frederick, Ph. G. Druggist. Cor. Post and Powell sts., S. F. Hughes, Thomas H., Ph. G. San Francisco. Molony, Edward J., Ph. G. Stockton. Morgan, Charles Lewis, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 401 Sixth St., S. F. Skinner, Edwin Elsworth, Ph. G. Assistant to Chair of Chemistry , De- partment of Pharmacy , University of California, t8S8. Pharmacist. Eureka, Humboldt Co. 9 1887. Bodkin, Thomas P., Ph. G. Physi- cian. 203>2 vSteiner St., S. F. Grew, Henry William, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Chico, Butte Co. Curragh, John M., Ph. G. Dentist. 313 Kearny St., S- F. Driscoll, Frederick Alexander, Ph. G. Druggist. 1 43 1 Mission St., S. F. Gates, Emery Pease, Ph. G. Presi- defit of Alumni Association, California College of Pharmacy: Trustee of Cali- fornia College of Pharmacy. Pharma- cist. Cor. Stockton and O'Farrell sts., S. F. Haman, Henry, Ph. G. Apothecary. 2229 Mission St., S. F. Ing, John C., Jr., Ph. G. Pharma- cist. 712 J St., Sacramento. Logan, Milburn Hill, Ph. G.; M. D., California Medical College, 1881. Pro- fessor of Chemistry and Toxicology in California Medical College; Physician. loi Grant Ave., S. F. McMurdo, John R., Ph. G. Physi- cian. 1326 Webster St., S. F. Mohun, Charles Constantine, Ph. G.; M. D. 1890. Physician. 1 148 Sutter St., S. F. Nichols, Horace Squires, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Healdsburg, Sonoma Co. Orena, Arthur G., Ph. G. Sacramento. Perkins, Philip J., Ph. G. Drug- gist with Waller Bros. iioi 24th St., S. F. Seifert, Charles Albert, Ph. G. In- structor in and Trustee of California College of Pharmacy. Professor of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of California; Pharmacist German Hospital. San Francisco. Warren, Joseph S , Ph. G. Treas- urer of Alumni, California College of Pharmacy, since 1887; Pharmacist. McAllister and Fillmore sts., S. F. Wulzen, Diedrich H., Jr., Ph. G. Druggist. Cor. Market and Castro sts., S. F. 16 1888. Bussenius, Adolph G., Ph. G. St. Helena. Delicat, John Frederick August, Ph. G. Druggist. 3 New Montgomery St. Driscoll, Edward Paul, Ph. G.; M. D. 1 89 1. Physician. 1 43 1 Mission St., S. F. Emerson, Horatio B., Ph. G. San Francisco. Flint, George Edward, Ph. G. Phar- maci.st. 1229 Ellis St., S. F. Henderson, David Louden, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Tenth and Washington sts., Oakland. Higgins, Charles Clunn, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 603 Montgomery St., S. F. Kelsey, Harry Dayton, Ph. G. Phar- macist. 2038 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley. Maloney, James J., Ph. G. Com- positor Bancroft Company. Residence, 213 Fillmore St., S. F. McCarthy, James Henry, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 202 Stockton St., S. F. Petrie, Frank Bronson, Ph. G. ; M. D. 1891. Physician. 211 South California St., S. F. Ralston, Frank Westley, Ph. G. Superintendent Mitchell estate, vine- yards and orchards. Atwater, Merced Co. Root, George Adams, Ph. G. Phar- macist. S. E. cor. Sixth and Howard sts., S. F. Sanborn, William Kelley, Ph. G.; M. D. 1893. Physician. 1369 Eighth St., Oakland. Thevenet, Ernest J., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. Kearny and Washington sts. , S. F. Topley, Wm. H., Ph. G. Vallejo. White, Thomas J., Ph. G. Drug- gist. 419 Clayton St., S. F. Wight, David, Ph. G. Oakland. 18 1889. Beck, Henry Martin, Ph. G. Stu- dent of Medicine, University of Cali- fornia. 236 Sutter St., S. F. Bilger, Frank William, Ph. G. With the Oakland Paving Company. 906 Broadwaj', Oakland. Borchers, Adolph William, Ph. G. Assistant Pharmacist with Mack & Co. , wholesale druggists. 1 1 Front St. Bowen, Charles P., Ph. G. New York. Cox, Levitt Howard, Ph. G. Apoth- ecary San Francisco Polyclinic, 410 Ellis St. San Francisco. Fitzell, Lincoln, Ph. G. Druggist. Eureka. Fox, Albert S., Ph. G. Placerville. Gerdes, Henry George, Ph. G. Druggist. 927 Lombard St., S. F. Hall, Benjamin Fred, Ph. G.; Ph.B., University of the Pacific, 1884. Phar- macist. Palo Alto. Harvey, George J., Ph. G. Chemist with Langley & Michaels Co. Residence, Oakland. Heider, Frank Benjamin, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 1 162 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Morgan, Henry F., Ph. G. San Francisco. O'Neill, Ambrose Edward, Ph. G. B. S., St. Ignatius College, 1S85. With California Ammonia Works. 608 Seventeenth St., S. F. GRADUATES: COLLEGE OF PHARMACY Van Werthern, Joseph, Ph. G. San Francisco. Wagener, Allan Cole, Ph. G. Sales- man with Ivangley & Michaels Co. 828A Haight St., S. F. Waller, Julian Leon, Ph. G. First Lieutentant, Fhst Troop Cavalry. Manufacturing Chemist and Druggist. 33 Grant Ave., S. F. Weihe, Otto Albert, Ph. G. In- structor in Materia Med tea, Depart- ment of Pharmacy , University of Cali- fornia, and Secretary Alumni Associa- tion of the College. Pharmacist. 640 Post St., S. F. Wilhams, Lawrence R., Ph. G. Oakland. 18 1890. Aitken, Louis Sawers, Ph. G. Chemist for the Coroner of Oakland. Pharmacist. Eighth and Washington sts. , Oakland. Cleary, Stephen, Ph. G.; M, D. 1S94. Apothecar}' to St. Mary's Hospital. San Francisco. Hoover, Ulysses Grant, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 2742 CaHfornia St., S. F. Hueter, Gustave A., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Cor. 24th and Howard sts., S. F. Keefe, John J., Ph. G. Leithold, John V., Ph. G. Pharma- cist. Woodland. Link, Victor A., Ph. G. Mexico. Mardis, Benjamin Allen, Ph. G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1892. House Surgeon St. Luke's Hospital, San Francisco; House Physician Poly- clinic Hospital, New York City. Ph}-- sician. Forest Hill, Placer Co. Medros, J. Jason de, Ph. G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1894. Phy- sician. Reliance Club, Oakland. Rowe, Frederick W., Ph. G. Schmidt, Edwin D., Ph. G. San Francisco. Shumate, Thomas Edward, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Cor. Sutter and Devisadero sts., S. F. Smith, Kirby Barnitz, Ph. G. Drug- gist. 3276 Adeline St., Lorin, Alameda Co. Squires, Harry James, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 504 Bush St., S. F'. Trask, Henry C, Ph. G. San Francisco. 15 1891. Bernheim, Moses Ralph, Ph. G. Clerk in A. L. Lengfeld's pharmacy three years. Druggist. 1348 Ellis St., S. F. Callender, Ernest G., Ph. G. Eos Angeles. Cerf, Joseph L., Ph. G. Clerk with T. A. Rottanzi. Residence, 301 Third St., S. F. Chilson, Henry G., Ph. G. Collin, Francis J., Ph. G. Druggist with B. F. Springsteen. Residence, 2402 Earkin St., vS. F. Davis, Thomas Hancock, Ph. G. Managing Clerk //. H. Moore & Sons, Stockton. 1 266 Franklin St. , Oakland. Donaldson, John Gapen, Ph. G. Steward of Alameda County Infirm- ary. Druggist. 1 80 1 San Pablo Ave., Oakland. Driscoll, Frank Ignatius, Ph. G. Drug Clerk. 143 1 Mission St., S. F. Gardner, Frank A., Ph. G. Washington. Gibson, Martin R., Ph. G. Instruc- tor in Microscopy and Vegetable Histology, College of Pharmacy. San Francisco. Gilbride, Philip J., Ph. G. San Francisco. Grossman, Edward Lorenzo, Ph. G. ; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1894. Physician. Cooper Medical College, S. F. Hance, Bowen Forrest, Ph. G. Clerk and Analytical Chemist. 177 North Spring St., Eos Angeles. Harris, Louis, Ph. G. Druggist. Fresno. Kelsey, John Edson, Ph. G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1894. Treas- urer of Holm's Public Library, Berke- ley. Druggist. lierkeley. King, William Henry Vincent, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Redwood City. Ladd, Henry Leonard, Ph. G. Phar- macist. 2 1 19 Howard St., S. F. Leet, Robert Andrew, Ph. G. Man- ufacturing Pharmacist, H. Bowman & Co. 5S1 Caledonia Ave., Oakland. Legge, Robert Thomas, Ph. G. Apothccarv First Infantry Regiment, N. G. C. Pharmacist with W. H. Gagan & Co. 5 Harry Place, S. F. Lovotti, Frederico, Ph. G. San Francisco. Newman, Felix H., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Monterey. O'Grady, James J., Ph. G. Drug- gist. 418 Finst St., S. F. Olds, George L., Ph. G. vSan Francisco. Patterson, Frank Frederick, Ph. G. Pharmacist. Pine and Kearny sts. Prosser, Sanford S., Ph. G. vSan Francisco. Samuels, Edward Huxley, Ph. G. M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1891. Assistant Police Surgeon, San Fran- cisco; Resident Surgeon, Smallpox Hospital; Instructor z'« Chemistry, De- partment of Pharmacy, University of California. Surgeon. 627A Ellis St., S. F Schneider, Henry R., Ph. G. d. Schwartz, Harry, Ph. G. Pharma- cist with C. J. vSchmelz, 1500 Mission St. 1 1 24 Eddy St., S. F. Trautz, Otto G., Ph. G. vSan Francisco. Volkmann, Martin F., Ph. G. Ware, John H., Ph. G. Wesley, Leonard J., Ph. G. California. Worth, Thomas Renfro, Ph. G. Manager fov's Vegetable Sarsaparilla Factory, St. Louis, Mo., also Secretary of same company at San Francisco ; Head clerk at fof s Daldicin Pharmacy. Head prescription clerk at James G. Steele & Co's, 635 Market St., Palace Hotel. 405 Gearjr St., S. F. 33— "'I 1892. Airaldi, Augusto, Ph. G. Druggist. 518 Union St., S. F. Bagot, Edward A., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Kentucky and Napa sts., S. F. Cavagnaro, Augustine Angelo, Ph. G. Medical Student, University of California. loii Jackson St., S. F. Cogswell, Frederick Ludovica, Ph. G. Apothecary United States Navy. Montevideo, Uraguay, S. A. Crowley, Thomas J,, Ph. G. Drug- gist with W. J. Brvan. 6 Eldridge St. , S. F. Des Marais, La Fayette Ney, Ph. G. : Pharmacist. 1 1 54 East 14th St., Oakland. Edwards, William, Ph. G. Druggist. SCO Devisadero St., S. F. Fox, Jay E.," Ph. G. Oakland. Gienger, Charles J., Ph. G. 503 Fell St., S. F. Hanson, George Franklin, Ph. G.; M. D., Cooper Medical College, 1885. Member State Board of Medical Ex- aminers ; Adjunct to Chair Materia Medica and therapeutics. Cooper Med- ical Collcs;e. Physician. 71 S Clay vSt., vS. F. Hawkes, R. H. Ph. G. 14th and Central Sts., Oakland. Heinzeman, Edward Anthony, Ph. G. Third Vice-President Ramona Par- lor, No. log, N. S. G. W., Los Ang- eles. Druggist, with C. F. Heinze- man. 222 N. Main St., Eos Angeles. Hund, George Benard, Ph. G. Drug- gist and Mining. Cripple Creek, Colo. Inman, Thomas G., Ph. G. Drug- gist with Coffin & Howe. 2^,^,6 Mission St., S. F. 382 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Janeck, Frederick L., Ph. G. Johns, Thomas E., Ph. G. IvOS Gatos. Kellogg, Wilfred Harvey, Ph. G. Medical Student, University of Cali- fornia. 1 149 East 14th St., Oakland. Lann, William H., Ph. G. S. F. Nightingale, Joseph B., Ph. G. Pharmacist. 300 Haight St., S. F. Painter, George L., Ph. G. Drug- gist with Owl Drug Co. S. F. Peck, Samuel Stodole, Ph. G.; Drug- gist. 2503}^ California St., S. F. Polk, Charles W., Ph. G. Pooler, Chester Burnett, Ph. G. Manager American Pharmacy. 113 Columbia St., Seattle, Wash. Potter, Grace M., Ph. G. d. Preuss, John, Ph. G.; Pharmacist. Marshfield, Oregon. Rees, David Richard, Ph. G. Drug- gist, lyivermore, Alameda Co. Roche, Thomas B., Ph. G. Clerk, J. H. Widber. i6 Pearl St., S. F. Ryan, Peter Aloysius, Ph. G. Phar- macist, with C. E. Worden & Co. 627 Third St., S. F. Sharp, Soloman A., Ph. G. Clerk for Val Schmidt. 1323 Broadway, S. F. Skinner, John B. , Ph. G. Proprie- tor Skinner's Prescription Pharmacy. Cor. Fillmore and Geary sts., S. F. Stock, William S., Ph. G. A. B., Oregon Agricultural College, 1888. Professor of Theoretical Pharmacy, Willamette University, Portland, Or. Druggist. Colfax, Wash. Villain, Albert J., Ph. G. 2141 Pine St., S. F. Wechsler, Paul, Ph. G. Germany. 33— * I 1893. Ayers, Walter Wadsworth, Ph. G. Raisin-grower. Grangesville, Kings Co. Bagley, Hubert F., Ph. G. Drug Clerk, Dr. C. A. Clinton. 17 Fulton St., S. F. Bowerman, Kenneth B., Ph. G. Clerk for Jonathan Green. 1613 Jones St., S. F. Burnett, George Watson, Ph. G. Druggist. 803 O'Farrell St., S. F. Chapman, Clarence H., Ph. G. Los Gatos. Donnelly, Frank J., Ph. G. Phar- macist, with Kirkland & Trow- bridge. 973 Broadway, Oakland. Drossel, Joseph Henry, Jr., Ph. G. Pharmacist. Cor. Powell and Jackson sts., S. F. Dufficy, George V7oodward, Ph. G. Pharmacist, with R. E. White & Co. 400 Hayes St., S. F. Folkers, Oscar Hermann, Ph. G. Student, Cooper Medical College. 423 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Green, George A., Ph. G. San Jose. Hedrick, Walter M., Ph. G. San Francisco. Hirst, Charles Porter, Ph. G. Clerk and Book-keeper Overland Freight Transfer Company; United States Drayman's Office. Berkeley. Johnson, William Peter, Ph. G. Druggist. lyOS Gatos, Santa Clara Co. McKenny, Samuel Miller, Ph. G. Druggist. Olympia, Wash. McKenny, William B., Ph. G. Drug- gist. Olympia, Wash. McNamara, John A., Ph. G. Oakland. Mendel, Louis C, Ph. G. Chicago, 111. Parker, Scollay, M. D., Ph. G. Physician. 1707 Sacramento St., S. F. Ross, George I., Ph. G., Druggist. 248 Main St., Stockton. Scamell, Joseph William, Ph. G. Druggist. 1633 Devisadero St., S. F. Scherb, Louis H., Ph. G. Pasadena. Spiro, Harry, Ph, G. Chemist. 406 Lett St., S, F. Tobriner, Ike, Ph. G. Oakland. Upp, William A., Ph. G. San Francisco. Vogel, Rudolph F., Ph. G. Eos Angeles. Von der Leith, Harold 0., Ph. G. Drug Clerk. 742 Broadway, S. F. Waller, Sam Leroy, Ph. G. C.E., Van der Naillens College of Engineer- ing. Deputy, City E?igineer' s Office ; Gi-and Treasurer, A. O. F. of A.; U. S. Land Surveyor ; U. S. Geological Stirveyor. Manufacturing Druggist and Chemist. 33 Grant Ave., S. F. Whiting, Eugene Carlisle, Ph. G. Medical Student and Pharmacist. Berkeley. Wise, Matthew Sylvester, Ph. G. Pharmacist. 401 Sixth St., S. F. 29 1894. Bandel, Edward F., Ph. G. Clerk for E. Rosenfeld & Co. N. E. cor. Polk and Geary sts., S. F. Blum, Joseph H., Ph. G. Drug- gist. 914 Ellis St., S. F. Broderick, Daniel J., Ph. G. Drug- gist with W. T. Kibbler. 664 Harrison St., S. F. Conlan, F. J., Ph. G. Nevada City. Connolly, Thomas William, Ph. G. Preparing for medical course. 305 Golden Gate Ave., S. F. Dowdall, Richard J., Ph. G. Clerk for J. J. B. Argenti. 500 Guerrero St., S. F. Emde, George Henry, Ph. G. Grad- uated from the Business Department of the San Joaquin Valley College in 1889. Drug Clerk. Eodi. France, William M., Ph. G. Drug- gist with Emery P. Gates & Co. 2803 i6th St , S. F. Hazen, Edward A., Ph. G. Drug- gist with South Park Pharmacy. 506 Buchanan St., S. F. Higby, Edward Payson, Ph. G. Pharmacist, with A. E- Eeber & Co., Seventh and Myrtle Sts. 482 Plymouth Ave., Oakland. Kelton, Julian V., Ph. G. Ukiah. Kidd, Albert J., Ph. G. Nevada City. Lichtenstein, Max, Ph. G. Drug- gist. 1604 Howard St., S. F. Lucchetti, Victor F., Ph. G. San Francisco. La Rue, D. Duke, Ph. G. Stockton. Nash, Bert, Ph. G. Nicholaus. Potter, Frank Lyle, Ph. G. Phar- macist. 574 34th St., Oakland. Puck, Richard Frederick Sophus, Ph. G. Manager of Del Norte Drug Store. Crescent City. Shaw, Herbert G., Ph. G. Sonoma. Stange, Carl Frederick, Ph. G. Pharmacist, with G. Eeipnitz & Co., 236 Sutter St. 4091^ Post St., S. F. Stone, Bertha I., Ph. G. San Francisco. Wollenberg, Charles Maurice, Ph. G. Druggist. 2004 Pine St., S.F. STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. EXPLANATORY NOTES. In the list of Students of the Academic Colleges, the several Colleges are indicated as follows: L, Letters; S S, Social Sciences; N S, Natural Sciences; Agr, Agriculture; Mec, Mechanics; Miu, Miniug; C E, Civil Engiueering ; Chem, Chemistry. The status of the student is regular unless otherwise indicated, as follows ; s, special ; 1, limited. The number i, 2, 3 or 4 shows the class to which the student belongs, or the year of resi- dence, beginning with the number i for the Freshman year or first 3'ear of residence. The College of Letters leads to the degree of A. B., the College of Social Sciences to the degree of B. L., the other Colleges to the degree of B. S. The degree of Ph. B., fo merly given in the Course in Letters and Political Science, will not be conferred after 1897. Students already enrolled for that degree are indicated by a f. Graduate Students are graduates of the Uuiversity of California, or of other institutions of equivalent standing. Seniors are such Undergraduates as have been promoted to candidacy for the Bachelor's degree. To attain senior standing they must have completed uucouditioually, at this Uuiversitj' or elsewhere, an approved curriculum of studies equivalent to three years' work in the Universitj' of California. 384 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES, 1895^. Abbott, J. W., B. A., Yale, 1868; M. D., Yale, 1871; Ph. B., Sheffield Scientific School, 1870 Berkeley Amies, W. D., Ph. B. 1SS2 Oakland Bancroft, F. W., B. S. 1894 San Francisco Barker, E. H., B. h- 1893 San Francisco Barker (Miss), G. L., B. L. 1894 Berkeley Barrows, D. P., A. B., Pomona College, 1894. . . .Berkeley Beacham, A., B. S., Kansas State Agricultural Col- lege, 1880; A. B. {ibid.'), 18S4 Berkeley Bentley, C. H., A. B. 1891 Sacramento Benton (Miss), M. L-, A. B., University of Minnesota, 18S5 Mills College Bioletti, F. T., B. S. 1894 Berkeley Blake (Mrs.), A. S., A. B. 1894 Berkeley Blanchard, M. E-, B. I^. 1887 San Francisco Blasdale, W. C, B. S. 1S92 Berkeley Boke, G. H., Ph. D Berkeley Bolton (Miss), S. , Ph. B. 1880 Berkeley Brewer, W. A., A. B. 1885 San Mateo Bridges (Miss), E., B. E- 1893 Berkeley Bridgman (Mis.s), E- B., B. S., Kan.sas State Agricul- tural College, 1886; M. S. 1893 Berkeley Brier (Miss), M. A., B. E. 1892 Oakland Burks, J. D., Ph. B., Chicago, 1893; B. E. 1894 Eos Angeles Chambers, S. A., A. B. 1880 Oakland Clayes (Miss), E. M., B. E. 1894 Berkeley Cook (Miss), p;. M., A, B., University of Southern California, 1S93 Los Angeles Cushman, E. W., A. B., Harvard, 18S6 .... .Watsonville Daniel (Miss), E-, Ph. B. 1S94 San Francisco Dean (Mi,ss), F. A., B. E. 1894 San Francisco Dolman (Mis.s), A. E., B. E. 1893 Oakland Drew, J. S., Ph. B. 1893 San Francisco Dyer, E. E C. , B. S. 1894 Oakland Fairbanks, H. W., B. S., University of Michigan, 1890 Berkeley Fogg, W. W., B. S. 1892 Oakland Gammon, W. E., B. S., Michigan State Agricultural College, 1886 Berbolej' Gilmore, J. M., B. E. 1S94 Pasadena Gilmore (Mis.s), M. H., B. E. 1894 Pasadena Graser (Mis.s), A. G., Ph. B. 1893 Berkeley Graydon (Miss), K. M., A. B., Butler Univensity, 1878; A. M., Indiana University, 1883. . . Berkeley Grover (Miss), H. M., A. B. 1892 Sacramento Harris (Miss), E. R., B. E., University of Minnesota, 1893 Mills College Head (Miss), A., A. B. 1S79 Berkeley Henderson, E. N., Ph. B. 1890 ; A. B. 1S93 ; A. M. 1894 Oakland Hen.shaw, O. B., A. B., Harvard, 1893; A. M. 1894 Berkeley Holmes, S. J., B. S. 1S93 ; M. S. 1894 Berkeley Howe, M.A., Ph.B., University of Vermont, i890..Berkelej^ Hunt, E. E., B. S. 1893 Berkeley Huntington, S. D., A. B., University of Wisconsin, 1 89 1 San Francisco Jepson, W. E., Ph. B. 1889 Berkeley Keith, J. C, A. B., Kentucky University Santa Cruz King (Miss), M. A., Ph. B. 1891 Berkeley Knapp, M. A., B. S. 1887 Oakland Eane (Miss), S. D., Ph. B. 1894 Berkeley Eange (Mrs.), C. P., A. B., University of Michigan, 1890 Berkeley Earsen, W. F., Candidate for Ph.B., University of Copenhagen, 1886 Berkeley Eeach, C. W., Ph. B. 1893 Oakland Eee (Miss), E. B., B. E. 1889 Berkeley Eeszynsky (Miss), H. E-, Ph. B. 1894 San Francisco Eeuschner, A.O., A.B., University of Michigan, 1888 Berkeley Marconnay, A. de, Ph. D., University of Bonn, 1878 ; M. D,, California Medical College Berkeley May (Miss), M. B., B. E., Smith College, 1893 San Francisco McGillivray, J. D., A. B. 1879 Berkeley McGilvary, E. B., A. B., Davidson College, 1884; A. M., Princeton, 1888 Berkeley McKisick, R. T., Ph. B. 1892 Elk Grove McNeely (Miss), E. C, Ph. B. 18S7 Oakland Meeker, J. D. , A. B. 1891 Berkeley Meyer (Miss), M., Ph. B. 1894 San Francisco Michener, C, A. B. 1891 vSan Francisco Moore (Miss), A., B. E. 1894 Carpinteria Morse (Miss), B., Ph. B. 1894 Berkeley Myrick, C. M., B. S. 1885 San Francisco Noble (Mis.s), M., Ph. B. 1894 Alameda Norris, R. S., B. S. 1892 Berkeley Peixotto (Miss), J. B., Ph. B. 1894 San Francisco Penny (Mis.s), J. V., A. B., University of Michigan, 1892 Berkeley Pierce, A.B., B. S., 1890; A.M., Harvard, 1892. .Berkeley Pierce, A. E., A. B., University of Washington, 1 894 Berkeley Pond, J. H., A. B. 1884 Sacramento Porter, D. A., B. S. 1894 Berkeley Ransom (Miss), M., A. B., Vassar Berkeley Ransome, F. E., B. S. 1893 Berkeley Richardson, E. J-, A. B., University of Michigan, 1890 Berkeley Saph, A. v., B. S. 1894 San Jose Sharpe (Miss), S., B. S. 1892 Oakland Shinn (Miss), M. W., A. B. 1880 Niles Shute (Mrs.), H. J., A. B. 1876 Haywards Simonds, E. H., B. S., 1S90 Berkeley Sutro, O., B. E. 1894 San Francisco Tindall (Miss), A. E., A. B. 1894 Sacramento Wharff, F. E-, Ph. B. 1890 Berkeley Whitney (Miss), C. A., B. S., Wellesley, 1S89. . .Oakland Wilder, E. M., B. E. 1894 Oakland Wilson (Miss), C. E., A. B, 1887 San Franci.sco Wilson (Mis;;), M. E-, B. E-, Smith College, 1891. Oakland Winter, D., B. E. 1892 ; A. M., Harvard, 1894. . .Berkeley Wolf, E. M., B. E. 1894 Berkeley Wright, H. M., A. B. 1894 Berkeley Wright, W. H., B. S. 1893 Berkeley Young, C. C. , B. E. 1892 San Francisco STUDENTS: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 385 STUDENTS IN THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES AT BERKELEY, 189^. SENlORvS. Allen, (Miss) M G L San Francisco Anthony, H M . . S S Berkeley Anthony, M S S Berkeley Bachman, 1) S Chem San Francisco Baker, MS Chem Porter Bakewell, TV h Berkeley Baldwin, (Miss) L, SS San Francisco Baxter, (Miss) L F Chem .... . . Berkeley Bernheim, 1,1, S Si" vSanta Crn/. Blake, (Miss) FS SS Berkeley Blanchard, (Miss) E SS San Francisco Blumer, (Miss) E SS Sierra Madre Bradley, B S Sf Oakland Bradley, (Miss) M S S Berkeley Brady, G T. . Chem Columbia Brewer, (Miss) AW S S Oakland Brewer, (Miss) HF L Oakland Bromley, (Miss) M S Sf Oakland Bunnell, G W, Jr L Oakland Cashman, (Miss) HA S Sf Alameda Cerf, (Miss) C SS San Luis Obispo Clar}', ED L Sheep Ranch Colt, S, Jr Min Santa Barbara Corbett, H W Mec San Francisco Curtis, (Miss) H W S S Grass Valley Delany, (Miss) MM E Berkeley Dempster, RR NS San Francisco Dinwiddle, JL SS Petaluma Duggan, JF E Berkeley Erlanger, J Chem San Francisco Escobar, Mario Min Medellin, Colombia Felton, (Miss) K C S S Berkeley Fitzgerald, R Y E Eureka, Nev. Fox, C J, Jr Mec Berkeley Gibbs, G . . . : S S San Francisco Godfrey, (Miss) HH SS Pasadena Gorrill, W H E Oakland Graves, WH E Oakland Gray, De W H S St Fresno Green, EH S Sf Eos Angeles Hall, (Miss) E S S Eos Angeles Hamilton, CMis.s) FN S Sf Orange Harwood, Charles Hiram. . .E Compton Haskell, O Mec San Francisco Henderson, (Miss) G SS Eos Angeles Herrmann, F C C E Hewlett, W A Chem Tolcoa Ranch Hinton, G S Sf San Francisco HoiTmann, G J Min Oakland Hoffmann, R B Mec Oakland Holmes, EC S Sf San Francisco Honig, E SS San Francisco Horn, H W N S Oakland Houston, AJ SS San Francisco Howard, CSH SS Oakland Huntoon, (Miss) CE SS Berkeley Jared, (Miss) KM S Sf Estrella Jewett, (Miss) F SS San Francisco Jones, G E S St Grass Valley Jones, MR E Martinez King, F R E Belmont Eaughlin, G A S S Mark West Einney, W H Min Pasadena Eloyd, WE S S Berkeley Eovejoy, AO E Oakland Magario, T C E Tokio, Japan McCoy, A D vS Chem Pasadena McFarland, CE SS Riverside McGrew, E. S S S Petaluma McEean, ( Miss) M M E Oakland McNoble, GF SS Stockton McNutt, M S S San Francisco Monser, Harold Edwin . . , . E Berkeley Morse, C R S St Berkeley Mott (Miss) N C S St Sacramento Noble, HA CE San Francisco O'Brien, P H S St San Francisco Olney, (Mi.s.s) M S S Oakland Parcells, CE SS Oakland Pheby, T B, Jr S St Oakland Pitcher, E E Berkeley Quinton, (Miss) MA S S Berkeley Raymond, (Miss) CE E Berkeley Redington, (Miss) V NS Oakland Reynolds, (Miss) MB E Upper Eake Rhea, W T S St Einden Roos, GH S St San Francisco Scares, FH CE Pasadena Shanklin, Edwin Slater . . . .Min Oakland Shaw, (Miss) EE E Berkeley Sherer, A S St Compton Smith, WO N S San Francisco Stamper, AW C E Berekley Stevens, J S S St Benicia Stevenson, (Miss) E SS San Francisco Strachan, J E Mec San Francisco Stringham, FD E Topeka, Kas. Sullivan, (Miss) MI S St Santa Cruz Sutton, (Miss) G S St Berkeley Sylvester, AH CE Geyserville Thurston, E T, Jr C E Oakland Torrey, HB NS Oakland Turner, R H S St Nevada City W^aterhou,se, S SS San Francisco Waterman, D Mec Alameda Wiggin, Marcus Haynes . . .S S Alameda Wii-son, (Miss) GD SS Oakland Woolsey, C H Chem Berkeley Woolsey, (Miss) EB E Berkeley Wright, AG SS San Francisco Wythe, W J C E Oakland Yeazell, HA E Tacoma, Wash UNDERGRADUATES. Abiko, K 3.S S S San Francisco Ackerman, (Miss) G W. . . .2 E ■ • • .Oakland Agard, A F 3 S S Oakland Alexander, HE .•■■ 3 Chem Eos Angeles 3 86 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Alexander, Mary Charlotte . 2S S S . . . . Alexander, PC 3I Chem . . Allen, AH 2l^ Allen, EG 2SS.... Allen, H W 3 Chem . . Allen, (Miss) ME is S S . . . Anderson, A B i S S Anderson, (Miss) JM 3SS..., Andros, (Miss) HM 2SS.... Aniser, (Miss) H is S S . . Applegarth, (Miss) M M . . . 2s L Arata, B 3 S S Ka Arents, C A i Min Argall, F 3SS ..., Arkley, WW i Mec . . . . Armer, (Miss) ED i Agric . , Ash, (Miss) RI^ 3 Chem , Ashley, (Miss) B 2SS ... Atterbury, (Miss) R iSS Audiffred, L,eontine Alice . . is C E ■ • Augustine, (Miss) W M 2 S S . . . Averv, HS i CE Ayers, AD 2SS Bachman, Ulrich is Agr . . Bacigalupi, G i L Baer, A iSS.... Bailey, W H, Jr i Chem . . Baird, D i Mec . . . , Baker, GR iSS.... Bakewell, B i Chem . Baldwin, AR 3SS Baldwin, B, Jr 2 Mec .... Baldwin, L 2E Baldwin, J F 2SS.... Bancroft, (Miss) A is L Barden, (Miss) EJ iSS. .. Bardin, JA iSS... Barnard, Grace Everett . . . . 2S S S . . . Min, Mec. SS . SS . SS . E... Barnes, T E Barre, HA Barron, (Miss) EG-. Bartlett, C J Bartlett, (Miss) E M. Bartlett, EH Bartlett, (Miss) LE 3SS.. Barto, (Mis,s) C i E Battelle, G I 2s C E . Bauer, G W 2 Chem Bauer, J, Jr is Mec. Baugh, NR iSS.. Baun, ED 2E Bayley, Alfred is SS. . Bay ley, GL 2 Mec . . Beck, H W is Agr. Belfrage, W ;;NS.. Bell, CD il Mec. Bennet, (Miss) EV 3SS.. Benson, HP 3 C E. . Bias, H J I S S . . Bienenfeld, (Miss) H E . . . .3 S S . . Bishop, J H 2ISS... Bishop, R K I Agric . Bi.shop, S 3 C E- . . Bixby, FH ilSS. . . . Berkeley .San Francisco . Oakland . Oakland .Santa Rosa .San Francisco .San Francisco . Napa . Oakland yoshima, Japan Alameda Grass Valley Lompoc San Francisco San Francisco Santa Rosa Berkeley Oakland Berkeley Sausalito Oakland San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco Berkeley Berkeley Stockton Berkeley San Francisco San Francisco Oakland Oakland San Francisco Berkelejf Salinas , Oakland San Diego vSan Francisco Berkeley Alameda Berkeley Alameda Berkeley San Francisco Sacramento San Francisco Berkele}' San Francisco Wheatland Oakland Oakland Oakland San Francisco Santa Barbara Oakland Alameda Santa Cruz San Francisco vSan Francisco Orange San Francisco Eong Beach Blackwood, (Miss) R is S S Oakland Blake, E T 3 Mec Berkeley Blanchard, Eena Rogers .... is S S Berkeley Blanchard, M S 2S S S Berkeley Blanding, HB iSS Alameda Blaukenship, Eaura Hine. . . is S S Oakland Blasingame, WO iCE Fresno Blumberg, (Mi.ss) EJ iSS Oakland Boegle, F, Jr i S S Berkeley Bolton, Alice is C E Berkeley Bond, Charles Allen i S S Healdsburg Booth, WH 2SS Berkeley Bordwell, FA 3CE Alameda Bordwell, WP iSS Alameda Born, J IS Chem San Francisco Bovard, (Miss) HC lE Alameda Bovard, (Miss) EG lE Alameda Boynton, CC lE Atwater Brackenbury, C 2 Min Eondon, England Braden, RE iSS Centerville Bradley, PR 3 Min Nevada City Brauning, G is Mec San Francisco Brehm, Mary Eouise is C E Berkeley Brier, (Miss) R is Mec Oakland Briggs, (Miss) A J i S S Woodland Brown, A, Jr 3 C E Oakland Brown, (Miss) A F 2 S S Oakland Brown, AJ iSS Oakland Brown, EJ iSS Oakland Brown, LF iSS San Francisco Brownell, Brownie il S S Oakland Brownsill, (Miss) ES iSS Berkeley Brownsill, (Miss) MO is S S Berkeley Brownstone, EH 2SS San Francisco Bruere, (Miss) C 3SS Eos Angeles Bruguiere, Peder Sather . ... is Chem San Francisco Bryant, (Miss) NB iSS Berkeley Budd, HE I Mec Stockton Bufford, CM iL San Francisco Bunker, FF iSS Eos Angeles Burdick, A C is Mec Oakland Bush, C iNS East Oakland Bush, PL 3CE San Francisco Butler, (Miss) AE 2SS Berkeley Butler, HM lE San Francisco Bybee, (Miss) ME iSS San Francisco Bvxbee, (Miss) ES 3NS Fruitvale Cahill, (Miss) JM iSS Hay wards Callender, (Miss) CM 2 S S San Euis Obispo Campbell, C C is Mec Eos Angeles Carter, (Miss) C iSS San Diego Cartwright, SW 2 Chem Fresno Case, OS 2 S S Eos Angeles Cashin, Nora Gertrude is C E San Francisco Cassidy, A 2 Mec Berkeley Catlin, H C 2I S S Sacramento Cerf, ME... Chamberlain, Chamberlain, JP S .. 2 S S San Luis Obispo , I L Santa Barbara I L Santa Barbara Chandler, A E 2S C E San Francisco Chappel, (Miss) M iSS Alameda Chase, G, Jr is S S Chestnut, R T 2 S S Oakland ■ Chichester, JG i Chem Los Angeles STUDENTS: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 387 Chick, RA 2SS... Chickering, Ah i h Choynski, ME 3 ly Church, PC 3SS... CLark, CD i Mec . . . Clark, C W i Mec. .. Clark, G iSS... Clark, (Miss) S G i L Clark, T J ilChem. Clarke, J W 2S S S . . Claussen, JC iCE. . Cleveland, (Miss) E R iSS... Clough, (Miss) C I 2E. . .Berkeley . . Oakland . . San Francisco . . Fresno . .Berkeley . . Berkeley . .Berkeley . .Oakland . . Gilroy . . Niles . .Blanco . . Vallejo . . Oakland Clow, (Miss) C 3SS Watsonville Cohen, (Miss) MM i S S Oakland Colby, GW I Mec San Francisco Colby, WE 2I S S Berkeley Cole, WE 2 C E San Francisco Coleman, S E 3s N S Glendale Colman, (Miss) M il S S San Francisco Collier, J H, Jr 2 Min Oakland Collier, WE iSS South Pasadena Cook, Carolyn Louise i C E San Francisco Cooper, (Miss) HG 2SS Nevada City Cope, (Miss) GP 2SS Oakland Corliss, (Miss) ME is Mec Oakland Cornwall, Bruce iSS San Francisco Cottrell, FG 2 Chem Oakland Cox, E R, Jr 3 Mec Athena, Or. Crabbe, (Miss) GH 2SS Eos Angeles Craig, CF 2SS San Francisco Craig, (Miss) E iSS Piedmont Heights Craven, (Miss) G il S S Golden Gate Crawford, EJ 3 Mec Berkeley Crawford, RT 2SS Willows Creed, WE lE Oakland Cronise, (Miss) CB iSS San Francisco Crosby, H R i L San Rafael Cross, CAA 3SS San Francisco Cross, GE iSS Stockton Cross, W W, Jr is Chem Visalia Crowell, Mabel i S S Oakland Culin, (Miss) EF 3SS Berkeley Culver, (Miss) SB 2SS Oakland Cunningham, C McD i S S San Francisco Curtis, (Miss) HM iSS San Bernardino Curtiss, WJ iCE Redlands Dam, FH 3E Wheatland Danforth, HD 3E Oakland Daniel, (Miss) E F i Chem San Francisco Dannenbaum, AJ iSS San Francisco Dart, (Miss) E P 2 S S Oakland Dasher, CH 3 Mec Stockton Davenport, D iSS Berkeley Davis, (Miss) A is Mec Berkeley Davis, CC iSS vSan Francisco Davis, CR 2CE East Oakland Davis, Glasgow Cyrus is N S Oakland Davis, JP 3SS Hollister Davis, NK 2 NS San Francisco Davis, SD 3E San Francisco Davison, C. S i L Berkeley Davy, J B 2s N S Berkeley Day, HM iSS Orange Deaderick, (Miss) B V is S S Eureka Deakin, (Miss) E is Mec Berkeley Dean, CD 2 E Belvedere Dean, J R i Min Berkeley Delany, CH 3 Mec Berkeley Derry, T D iSS Napa Dewell, (Miss) JW 2SS Fresno Dibble, (Miss) G E i E San Francisco Dibble, Henry is S S San Francisco Dickerson, CM i Mec Berkeley Dickie, AJ 2 Mec San Mateo Dickie, WM iSS Riverside Dill, (Mrs) H IS L Vergennes, Vt Dillman, G P i C E San Francisco Dillon, (Miss) PR is S S Berkeley Dimond, Dennis Sullivan . . i Mech Dimond Dinkelspiel, EMW 2SS San Francisco Doane, C W il Min San Francisco Dobbins, (Miss) K E 3I E Berkeley Dorn, AL iSS San Francisco Douthitt, E A I S S San Francisco Dow, WH 2 Mec San Francisco Dozier, AW 3 C E Rio Vista Dozier, E i Mec Berkeley Dozier, J D i Chem Napa Dozier, M, Jr i Mec Eos Angeles Dresser, AP iCE Santa Ana Drew, WJ 3 Mec Dufficy, (Miss) V A i E San Rafael Duffy, (Miss) AG 3s S S San Francisco Duffy, (Miss) E J 3 S S San Francisco Dunn, W P i S S Petaluma Dunning, G H il L Oakland Durand, Maude 2SS Oakland Earle, EH 2 Chem Berkeley Eastman, TF iCE San Francisco Easton, AE 2E Berkeley Ebright, G E i Mec Millbrae Eckart, CF 3 Agr San Francisco Edwards, E E San P'rancisco Ehrman, SM 3SS San Francisco Eichbaum, J V i S S San Francisco Elliot, CMiss) AP 2SS Ukiah Ellis, FF I CE Turlock Elston, C A 2 S S Woodland Elston, JA 2SS Woodland Engelhardt, (Miss) C 2SS Oakland English, N 2 Min Oakland Epler, (Miss) B N 3s N S Oakland Esberg, M H 3 S S San Francisco Euphrat, ML i S S San Francisco Evans, GS ilSS Oakland Everett, WW 2SS Oakland Fairchild, FR iSS Grafton Parish, L M i S S Berkeley Farnham, (Miss) E R ■ ■ 3 S S Oakland Farwell, liessie Howard . . . . 2I S S Oakland Faulkner, EG iSS Chico Ferguson, W i S S Fresno Fernald, (Miss) EM 2I S S San Francisco Ferris, JC 3CE Eos Angeles Feusier, C E 3I L San Francisco Feusier, (Miss) ML 3 S S San Francisco Fiedler, (Miss) CL isSS Sausalito 388 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Fink, (Miss) EC iL San Francisco Finley, (Miss) LB il S S Santa Ana Finnegan, GB 2L Truckee Fischbeck, HE 3I S S San Francisco Fish, FN I C E Oakland Fislier, A L 3 Chem San Francisco Fisher, G M 3 S S Oakland Fisher, (Miss) MA 3 S S Berkeley Fitzpatrick, (Miss) LA. ...2 L San Francisco Flaherty, M C 3 S S San Francisco Force, J N i N S Alameda Foster, (Miss) M H i S S Lorin Foster, R A i Min San Francisco Fox, (Miss) MB 2I S S Berkeley Frank, (Miss) L J i N S San Francisco Fremery, W C de i Mec Oakland French, (Miss) H G i L Oakland Fre}^ FE iCE Vallejo Frick, D J i Chem Los Angeles Friend, \V N 3 S S Oakland Fuller, J H il S S Marysville Funk, (Miss) L M i N S Riverside Furth, EH iSS North San Juan Fyfe, J, Jr 2 S S Stockton Gable, HH iSS Woodland Gage, EC 2 Min Oakland Gallowaj', (Miss) SM.. ..2SS San Francisco Garlick, (Miss) E R 2I S S Oakland Garrison, EW iNS Redlands Geis, S iSS Fresno Geisendorfer, H . . i S S Weimar George, AN i Mec San Francisco Giacomini, A L il Mec Oakland Gibbons, MR ■ . 3 Chem San Francisco Gibbs, (Miss) HE i S S Oakland Gibbs, RE il N S Oakland Gilbert, H L 2I C E Portland, Or, GilfiUan, Neva Young is SS .Salinas Gilmore, Evelyn il S S Tallac Ginaca, (Miss) JPL 3SvS San Francisco Girzikowsky, E E 2 Min San Francisco Gish, J D 3 S S Los Angeles Glass, (Miss) KB il S S San Rafael Godley, RB 2 Min New York City Goff, H I S S Oakland Goldberg, D 2SS Oakland Goldberg, MR 2 S S San Francisco Gonzalez, S 2S C E San Francisco *Goodall, G B 2s L Gordenker, P 2 Min Gosbey , J S is S S Pacific Grove Gould, RA 2 Chem . , . . Pasadena Grace, (Miss) H M is S S San Francisco Graham', AE iSS Chico Graham, H B 3 N S Chico Grant, J P i Chem Berkeley Gray, Arthur W 3L San Francisco Gray, Asa W i L Colusa Gray, (Miss) E F 3 S S Oakland Gray, (Miss) E S 2s S S Green, (Miss) FE iSS Berkeley Green, (Miss) S M 3 S S Petaluma Greenleaf, (Miss; EL isSS Berkeley * Died October 17, 1S94. Gregory, (Miss) EL 2 S S Golden Gate Gregory, JE 2 Mec Sacramento Grimwood, F W i Mec Fruitvale Griswold, (Miss) EM i S S Oakland Griswold, L S 3 C E Oakland Gross, (Miss) EV 2SS Oakland Groves, H 2SS Farmington Guppy, (Miss) EA 2SS Oakland Guppy, RT 3 Mec Oakland Guthrie, (Miss) EM i S S Berkeley Haber, J, Jr i S S San Francisco Hackett, W L is S S Oakland Hadden, D 2 Chem Piedmont Haehnlen, (Miss) LR iSS Oakland Hall, W I L Grass Valley Halton, (Miss) MA iSS Alameda Hamilton, JR 2 Mec San Francisco Hamilton, W H 3I S S San Francisco Hammer, EC 2SS San Francisco Hansche, (Miss) MB 3 S S Oakland Haraszthy, (Miss) H L . . . . is S S Napa Hardy, (Miss) EL i L Oakland Harlan, G H i S S Sausalito Harmon, JW i Mec Santa Ana Harris, HE is S S San Francisco Harris, N i Chem San Francisco Harvey, W iCE San Francisco Haskell, R K 2s C E EI Casco Hassard, (Miss) E il SS Oakland Hatch, JD 2SS Oakland Hathaway, (Miss) CL iSS Sebastopol Hathaway, R M i N S Sebastopol Haven, L 2SS Oakland Hawkins, (Miss) LJ 3SS Oakland Hayakawa, R i CE Nakajinia, Japan Heise, C E, Jr 2 Mec Alameda Helm, (Missj A I 2 S S Fresno Henderson, Daisy i S S Berkeley Henderson, F W 2 S S Merced Henderson, H N i S S Berkeley Henley, (Miss) GL iSS Berkeley Henning, A B i Mec Lompoc Henrici, (Miss) EV iSS San Francisco Henry, (Miss) A I i S S San Jacinto Henry, (Miss) C A 3 L Porterville Henry, (Miss) E. . ■ . .2 S S San Francisco Heydenfeldt, 10 2 S S Berkeley Hilborn, LA 3 S S Suisun Hill, J. H ilSS Hill, R C il S S Berkeley Hilton, ( Mi.ss) EH 2s S S Hiraiwa, T i Mec Motoziku, Japan Hirschfelder, A D i N vS vSan Francisco Hirst, H H 3 C E Cheney, Wash. Hoag, EH 2 Min Berkeley Hoag, EL IS L Berkeley Hoag, W B I S S Hochheitner, I i SS Willows Hockabout, EG 2 S S Watsonville Hohfeld, E, Jr i L- . . ■ San Francisco Holden, EC iNS Mt. Hamilton HoUing, WW 2 C E HoUis, W H 3 Chem San Francisco Holton, C R 3 S S Selma STUDENTS: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 389 Hook, EF 2 Mill Hoppe, CE I SS Berkeley Hopper, J iSS Oakland Howard, (Missj C is N S Berkeley Howard. (Mrs) LN i SS San Francisco Howell, J G, Jr 3 N S Berkeley Howell, R I S S Berkeley Howson, J W I L Sacramento Hoyt, (Miss) V D. 2I S S Grass Valley Huddart, Clara is C E Berkeley Huff, W McM I Min Rocklin Hull, (Miss) ME 2 L Berkeley Hume. JW 3SS San Francisco Humphrey, HE 2SS Alameda Hunt, (Miss) P M 2 L Berkeley Hupp, W I, Jr 2 S S Weaverville Hus, H IS Agr Oakland Hussey, (Miss) NE 3SS Nevada City Hutchins, P 3SS San Francisco Hutchinson, D i Min Oakland Hyman, S 2 Mec San Francisco Hyman, W 3 C E Woodland Hynes, W F i Mec Petaluma Hynes, W H L 2 S S Oakland Israel, '(Miss) D T is S S Jackson, A R i Min Eos Angeles Jackson, ER 3 Chem Oakland Jacobs, HA 3 Mec San Francisco Jarvis, J. R i Mec Newark Jarvis, W P i C E Oakland Jeffreys, (Miss) KM i E Berkeley Jeffreys, ( Miss) W M i L Berkeley Jewett, (Miss) A R 2SS Oakland Johnson, O T, Jr il S S Riverside Johnston, LE 3SS Napa Jones, Cecil Knight 3I S S Wild Flower Jones, Qliss) E i SS Alameda Jones, ( Miss) EM iSS Eos Angeles Jones, J M i S S Colusa Jones, (Miss) K D 3s S S Jordan, Alice Eow il S S San Francisco Julien, G W i C E Yreka Jurgens, W C 2 S S Oakland Kaiser, ML 3 S S Kalman, (Miss) hU 3 L Alameda Kelley, (Miss) M Z i S S Sacramento Kelley, TR 3L Fresno Kelly, (Miss) AG i N S San Francisco Kelly, -(Miss) EG 3s Chem Oakland Kelly, (Miss) M Kennedy, E P Kerlinger, W M 2 C E ■ Ketchum, (Missj B Kierulff, G D Kilkenny, Eucas Edward vS vS San Francisco . 2 Mec San Francisco . . West Side ilSS Berkeley . 3 S S Berkeley .2 S S Elmira Killeen, J F 2s Agr Oakland Kincaid, F M King, F B King, W B Kinzie, R A ICirk, EM Klenck, (Miss) V N . . Knall, (Miss) I A. . . Knerr, (Miss) A H . . . . . 3 vS vS Compton . I S S vSan Francisco . I S S Oakland . 2 Mec ,. . San Francisco .2 Mec Oakland 1 S S San I^rancisco 2 SS vSo. Chicago, 111. il S S San Francisco Knight, (Mi,s.s) BE iSS.. Knight, F S I S S . . Knowles, D N 2s Agr. Knox, (Miss) B D 2 S S . . Koch, F W 3 N S . . Krenz, (Mi,ss) A 2 E- • • • Kuhls, (Miss) E F 2 N S . . Kuno, Y 5s C E. Labarraque, (Mis.s) C B. . . .3 S S . . Eaguna, T A L de Leo de . . . 3 S S . . Lamb, (Miss) F P i S S • ■ Laudstrom, (Miss) A M . . . . i N S- ■ Lang, H H 4I Mec . Lansburgh, G A il C E . Laubersheimer, DH iSS.. Laughlin, C H B 2I Chem Lavenson, R i NS.. Laws, R G I Mec H Leet, R A is Chem Leggett, J W I L Leszynsky, I isSS .. Leviele, Blanche Elizabeth. . is Chem Levingston, (Miss) M 3 S S ... Lewis, Percy Wharr\- 2I S S . . . Lilienthal, B P ' i SS . . , Lippitt, MA 3 S S . . . Little, (Mi.ss) AG 3 S S . . . Littlejohn, (Mis.s) G W 2s S S . . Lohiuann, R W i Mec . . . Loring, C 2 Mec . . . Louderback ,GD 3L Lovatt, (Missj IE 2I S S . . . Love, (Miss) GA 2SS... Love, Maud Elizabeth 2s S S ■ ■ . Lowell, FL 2 Min . . Lynch, (Miss) K 2SS.. Lynn, W A 3 Mec , . , Macbeth, FD iSS... Mackenzie, JA iSS... Magee, FE 2I SS. . . Magee, W il SS. . . Marchebout, (Miss) A F . . . i L- • Margeson, (Miss) E E il S S . . . Marshall, R Marston, F C. Martin, H L- • 4I S S . . . 2 C E... 2 SS ... Martin, (Mi,ss) I C 3 S S • . . Mason, ( Miss) F E i NS... Maxwell, (Miss) M G i S S . . . Maxwell, W C 2S S S . . Mayberry, E L, Jr 3 S S . . • Mayer, M J i Mec . . ■ McBryde, AD i S S . . . McChesney, G 3 L • ■ ■ ■ McCleave, (Missj M C i S S . . . McClevertv, C C 2 S S . . . McClish, C L I Chem. McClymonds, (Miss) E H. . i S S . . . McCoy, (Miss) F E 2 N S . . . McCreary, J W 2S C E. ■ McCue, (Miss) E 2 L McCulloch, A 3 S S . . . McDermot, (Miss) M L • • ■ • i S S . . . McDill, G W I L Berkelc}' ,San Francisco Colfax Oakland Twin Oaks Napa Alameda Nagoya, Japan Tres Pinos Oakland Berkeley Berkeley Oakland vSan Francisco Wilmington Mark West Sacramento awthorne, Nev. Oakland San Francisco vSan Francisco San Franci.sco vSan Francisco Oakland San Francisco vSan Francisco Berkeley Berkeley Oakland Berkeley vSan Francisco Oakland Berkeley Berkeley Berkeley' Lynch P. O. Salinas Cit}' San Francisco Oakland Fruitvale Fruitvale San Francisco Oakland vSanta Maria Oakland Oakland San Francisco Alameda Oakland Woodland Alhambra vSalinas Berkeley Oakland Berkeley Oakland San Francisco Oakland Oakland Stockton Corte Madera San Francisco Piedmont Beaumont 390 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA McDonald, (Miss) I, F i S S Oakland McDonnell, (Miss) A 3SS Berkeley McDonnell, PG 2SS San Francisco McGraw, (Miss) E is S S Oakland McGregor, RR iCE Lompoc McGuire, J. E is C E Grass Valley McKee, (Miss) BE iSS Berkeley McKenney, FE iSS Oakland McKinley, (Miss) MJ iSS San Francisco McEean, (Miss) EM is Agr Alameda McNoble, G F Alameda McNutt, W F, Jr 2 N S San Francisco McVenn, (Miss) GE iSS Oakland McVey, J E iSS Oakland McWade, (Miss) A E i N S Oakland McWade, DF 2SS Oakland Mead, E D i Chem San Francisco Meads, H W i C E Oakland Mee,~ J H 2SS San Francisco Mehlmann, (Miss) E iSS San Euis Obispo Mehlmann, O 2 Mec San Euis Obispo Mel, J 2CE Glenwood Mendell, C iSS San Francisco Merrill, H C i S S San Francisco Merrill, JS iSS San Francisco Merwin, ET 3 Mec Oakland Metcalf, J. B 2 Mec Berkeley Metson, Josephine Elizabeth, il S S San Francisco Michaels, (Miss) A iNS Alameda Michalitschke, (Miss) A....3E San Francisco Michener, (Miss) M..,....iSS San Francisco Millar, J W i Chem Oakland Miller, B P 2 S S Oakland Miller, EH i Chem Miller, (Mrs) W McN is N S Reno, Nev. Miller, P E i S S Oakland Milliken, RTR 2SS Oakland Mills, PC iSS San Francisco Minekishi, Shigetari isSS San Francisco Mitchell, (Miss) E 3SS North Temescal Monges, JT is Chem San Francisco Monges, R F 3 Mec San Francisco Monroe, George Walter ....iSS Monrovia Moore, (Miss) C iSS Oakland Moore, J A i Mec Oakland Moore, (Miss) ME 2S S S Benicia Morgan, A iCE Oakland Morgan, (Miss) E 2SS Oakland Morgan, H V is S S San Francisco Morgan, W H i Min Sau Francisco Morley, W S i Min Oakland Morrison, George Grant. ... is Min Sierra City Morse, C W 3 Mec Grass Valley Moss, S A 2S Mec San Francisco Mott, (Miss) C C 2I S S Sacramento Mott, E C il S S San Francisco Moyer, JE 2CE Santa Barbara Miiller, (Miss) M I i Chem San Francisco Mumma, FT i Mec Woodland Munger, AE iSS Fresno Munro, C H i Mec Dutch Flat Murdoch, GE 2SS Santa Rosa Murphy, C D 2S Chem San Francisco Naphtaly, SE 3 Mec San Francisco Naylor, (Miss) JN iSS.. Neale, Annie Josephine. . . . i SS . . Neale, (Miss) CE i S S . . Needham, I Mc A i E- • • ■ Newell, (Miss) B is S S . Newell, (Miss) E E ilSS. . Newhall, P M i C E . . Newlands, JC 2SS.. Newman, HC iSS. Newman, R 2E---- Newman, W iSS-. Newmark, H M i S S . , Newsom, (Miss) J E is N S . Newsom, (Miss) M 3s Mec . Newton, (Miss) JK iSS.. Noble, GO 3 Mec Noonan, (Miss) EE iSS Norwood, CH 3 Mec .... Notomi, C IS N S. . . Nutting, Franklin Porter. . . i S S Nye, (Miss) A E 2I S S O'Connor, J 3SS Oldenbourg, CL 3 Min .... Oliver, (Miss) B 3SS Oliver, JM iSS Olney, AC iSS.... Olney, (Miss) E 2SS Olney, TM 2SS Onodera, K is Chem . Osborne, CK iSS Osmont, VC 3SS Overstreet, HA lE Owens, J M 3CE Palmer, HK iNS.... Palmer, (Miss ) M C i S S Palmer, SH 2SS.... Parker, EC is Min. . . Parker, HC 2 Mec .... Parker, HM iSS.... Parker, (Miss) L iSS Parkhurst, De W H i Chem . . Parkhurst, Rawson H S 3 S S Parsons, (Miss) HA "i S S Parsons, R. H is Min . Colora Patterson, WC 3SS Patton, C 2 Chem . . Pawlicki, T E, LE. B 3s S S . . , Pearne, (Miss) C J 3s S S ... Peart, HE iSS.... Peck, M H 3 C E Pelton, MS i Mec. . . . Penwell, (Miss) ME 2SS Perry, CC iSS.... Perry, N 3SS.... Peter, (Miss) M 2s S S ... Pfluger, (Miss) E 2S S S ... Pheby, J I SS .... Phelan, Amy Eouise il S S . . . . Phelps, N D 2S Min . . . Phelps, RS 2 Mec Pierce, EH iSS.... Pierce, JR i E Pierce, (Miss) ME is S S ... Pierce, W iSS.... Berkeley San Diego San Diego Oakland Alameda Oakland Santa Cruz San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco Santa Cruz Oakland Oakland Oakland Nordhoff San Gabriel San Francisco Golden Gate Alameda Berkeley Willows San Francisco Berkeley Eos Angeles Pacheco Fresno Oakland Oakland Tokio, Japan Oakland San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco Claremont Oakland Oakland San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco Berkeley Fowler Santa Rosa do Spgs. , Colo. Berkeley San Francisco San Francisco Berkeley Woodland Fairmont Oakland Berkeley Suisun Berkeley Pomona Oakland Oakland Oakland Oakland San Francisco Berkeley Oakland Berkeley Suisun STUDENTS: THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES 391 Plunkett, W T 3 I, San Francisco Porter, (Miss) H B is N S Santa Rosa Porter, I i CE Arroyo Grande Porter, R I, is N S Potter, AF iSS San Francisco Prendergast, JJ i CE Redlands Preston, MA 2S Chem Nevada City Price, (Miss) S 2SS Santa Ana Procter, J W iSS San Francisco Pudan, H W i Mec Sacramento Putnam, T M 2 S S Petaluma Putzker, (Miss) A E is S S Berkeley Radelfinger, F G 3s C E Napa Rainej^ JE iSS Santa Barbara Ramsdeli, BH 3SS Alameda Ransome, AW 2SS Chicago, 111. Rawlings, S E 2 Mec Oakland Rector, GJ iSS Nevada City Redington, (Miss) E 2SS Oakland Reed, James Gilbert is S S Oakland Reeve, OC iSS Santa Rosa Reid, J A i Mec Stockton Reinhardt, GF 2 Agr San Jacinto Resseguie, GH iCE Oakland Reynolds, E E 2 Mec Eos Angeles Rhine, Emily Patricia 3SS San Francisco Richardson, (Miss) H E- ■ • • is S S Calistoga Rickard, E 3 Mec Berkeley Rideout, EG 2SS San Francisco Rising, (Miss) RE iSS Berkeley Ritchie, (Miss) BT 2SS Fresno Robb, (Miss) F M 2 S S Berkeley Robbins, E McC 2SS Suisuu Roberts, L 3SS Martinez Robertson, (Miss) A is N S Seattle, Wash. Robinson, (Miss) A i S S Napa Robinson, (Miss) BW iSS Benicia Robinson, (Miss) E i vS S San Jose Robinson, George Foster. ..isCE Chico Robinson, PS 2 Mec Benicia Robinson, (Miss) S M i S S Napa Rodgers, S R 2SS Watsonville Roeding, HU 2 Mec San Francisco Rogers, Roy Ravone, Jr. . . .3 Chem San Francisco Roller, (Miss) J E i S S Berkeley Rood, (Miss) G I S S San Diego Roos, L E I S vS San Francisco Rosenberg, (Miss) C i Chem San Francisco Rosenberg, J F i S vS Healdsburg Rosenstirn, (Miss) EO iSS vSan Francisco Roeenthal, T F i vS S San PVancisco Ross, F E 3 C E San Rafael Roundtree, (Miss) M E . . . • i S S Felton Rowe, C H 2 S S Oakland Rowell, EI 2 vS S Bloomington, 111. Rubottom, EH 2 S S Santa Ana Ruch, (Miss) E A 3 S S North Temescal Rush, (Miss) EG 2 S S Berkeley Russ, RJ 3 Chem Oakland Russell, Nancy Ella is S S Einden Russell, WC iSS Berkeley Sadler, EE 2SS .San Francisco Saito, S 2S vS vS .... Niegataken, Japan Samuels, E 2SS San Francisco Samuels, O i E San Francisco Sanders, N i L San Francisco Sanderson, (Miss) C i S S San Francisco Sanderson, (Miss) E 3 S S San Francisco Saph, E V 2 S S Berkeley Sargeant, (Mrs) G R is S S Berkeley Sargentich, S i S S Berkeley Sawyer, FE 3E San Francisco Scammon, EN il Mech Oakland Schmitt, ME i Chem San Francisco Schneider, (Mi.ss) E V 2 S S Oakland Schwarz,schild, (Miss) A...2SS San Francisco Scoggins, J W 2 E Colusa Scott, FT IS S S Los Angeles Scott, (Mis.s) G M I S S Honolulu, Hawaii Seaton, (Mis.s) AM iSS San Francisco Sedgwick, TF 2 Agr Berkeley Selby, P, Jr 3 Mec Oakland Selfridge, JR 2 Mec San Francisco Sharp, (Miss) G H il SS vSaticoy Sharp, (Miss) ME 2s S S Madera Sheldon, AN i S S Ventura Sherer, R W i Mec NordhofiF Sherman, E J 2 S S Oakland Sherman, RH 3SS Martinez Sherman, (Miss) VE 2SS Oakland Sherwood, Eionel Claude. . . 2I S S Alameda Shoemaker, Susan Estelle. . is C E Oakland Shorkley, (Mis,s) A L is S S Oakland Silverberg, M 2 L San Francisco Simpson, (Miss) A 3E Reno, Nev. Simpson, R V i E San Francisco vSinsheimer, S W. 3I Chem . . . -San Luis Obispo Slawson, GH iSS Berkeley Sleeper, (Miss) AM i S S Berkeley Smith, C A I S S Santa Cruz Smith, D T IS Min .... Wellington, Nev. Smith, Elinor Alma isSS Portland, Or. Smith, F 2 Min Smith, GV iCE San Francisco Smith, (Miss) I M i S S Oakland Smith, (Miss) J i S S Oakland Smith, P B . . . 2 S S Berkeley Smith, T I S S Santa Rosa Smith, Wm. H, Jr i S S San Francisco Son, CA 2L San Francisco Spalding, OB il Chem San Francisco Sparks, (Miss) L i S S Oakland Sperry, J C i Min Big Trees Spiers, W G 3 S S Stadtmuller, E W i S S San Francisco Stark, (Miss) C M i L San Francisco Starr, W A 2I S S Oakland Stebbins, (Miss) L L is S S Palo Alto Steele, E A i Mec Oakland Stephens, A M, Jr 2I L Los Angeles Stern, (Miss) C i S S San Francisco Stewart, RS 2 Mec Santa Cruz Stone, B F, Jr is Agr Oakland Stone, (Mi.ss) F W il S S Oakland Stuart, PR 2 Chem San Leandro Studley, (Miss) R W 3 S S San Francisco Stull, (Mis,s) G T 2 S S Oakland Stutt, JH 2CE Berkeley 392 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Sulliger, RA iSS Santa Monica Sullivan, (Miss) MW 3SS Santa Cruz Sutton, JR 3SS Murrieta Sutton, ( Miss) M 2 S S Berkeley Swan, Anson B, Jr is Min San Francisco Sweasey, F R 3I Mec . .Eureka vSweet, AD iSS San Francisco Sweet, (Miss) B 3SS San Francisco Swett, Frank Tracy is Agr Martinez Swett, (Miss) LF iSS Alameda Swingle, G. K 2 Agr Davisville Symmes, (Miss) M 3E San Francisco Symonds, HC. 3SS Berkeley Tade, F 2 L Sacramento Taylor, AW 3 Mec . .Alameda Taylor, DeWitt Clinton is C F Oakland Taylor, (Miss) F M 2 S S Berkeley Taylor, FP 2SS Oakland Taylor, (Miss) M M 3NS Berkeley Taylor, T G, Jr 2S Min San Francisco Taynton, A B is S S Berkeley Teaby, F W is S S Geyserville Temple, FA 2 C E Los Angeles Thayer, PR i Mec Oakland Thomas, F P iSS San Francisco Thompson, (Miss) M 3NS San Francisco Thompson, W D 3 S S. . .Salt Fake City, Utah Thornton, Margaret Eouise. i S S Fruitvale Tiedstrom, 1 4s F Oakland Tisdale, (Miss) B ilSS Alameda Tomiyama, A K 3s Mec . . . .Wakaniij'a, Japan Tompkins, P \V 4s Chem San Anselmo Towle, CH iCE Vallejo Townley, (Miss) N is S S Trefethen, EE 2SS Oakland Trew, Neil Charles 2 Mech Oakland Triest, (Miss) M i S S San Francisco Trowbridge, (Miss) J J 2 N S . .Sanford Cove, Alaska Tuft, MM 2I Mec Alameda Turner, ( Miss )JG 2F Berkeley Tuttle, (Missj O L 2 S S Oakland Tyrrell, (Miss) M W 2I Agr Oakland Upham, 10 iSS Sau Francisco Uribe, J 2s C E Berkeley Van Denburgh, (Miss) B...1SS Oakland A^an Duyne, (Mrs) E H M . . 2S S S Martinez Van Fleet, RC 2E Sacramento Van Ness, T C, Jr i S S San Francisco Vandergaw, Robert G i Min Oakland Veeder, HP 3 Mec Berkeley Voorsanger, W 2 N S San Francisco Vrooman, ( Miss) R 3 S S Oakland Wagner, GJ iCE Berkeley Wagner, L T i L San Francisco Wakefield, (Miss; EC i S S Oakland Wakefield, EH 3 S S Stockton Wakefield, WH iSS Oakland Walker, G S 3 Mec Los Angeles Wall, (Miss) E B is Mec Berkeley Wambold, (Miss) K C 2S Chem Warner, A O 3 S S Fresno Waste, II L i S S Berkeley Waters, ( Miss) S . . 2 S S : . San Bernardino Watson, Floyd Roe i Mech Los Angeles Watson, (Mi.ss) L 2 L West Side Waymire, (Missj E iSS Alameda Webb, W C lis S Oakland Week, (Miss) AM 2SS Berkeley Wedemeyer, O T i Mec Los Angeles Weil, A L 2 S vS San Francisco Wellendorf, (Mi.ss) A M • . . • 3s S S Berkeley Wells, WW I Chem San Francisco Wemple, E L, Jr i S S San F'rancisco West, S V I Chem Colusa Weyl, BA iL San Francisco Weymouth, CR i ISIec Alameda Wheeler, R S 3 S S Alameda Whipple, GH 2SS San Francisco Whipple, (Miss) L D 3s S S Los Angeles Whipple, ( Miss) MC iSS Los Angeles Whitcomb, R.. iSS White, (Miss) CA 3SS San Francisco White, C H 3 S S San Francisco White, F 2CE San Francisco White, HJ 2 Mec Nevada City Whitehead, (Miss) RD....2SS Oakland Whiting, FM iSS Berkeley Whitley, (Miss) A 2SS Berkeley Whitney, E O i Agr San Jose Wickson, ( Miss) EH iSS Berkeley Wiese, CO is Mec San Francisco Wigmore, C i Mec Los Angeles Wilder, FA 3I Mec Oakland Wilkeson, SO iSS Salina, Kas. Williams, A F i Min San Francisco Williams, (Miss) C 3s Chem San Francisco Williams, (Miss) GE iL Alameda Williams, ( Miss) L AV 3 S S National City Williams, Margaret FJ....isSS Berkeley Williams, REN 3SS San Rafael Willis, P W 2 S S Sacramento Wilson, CE iSS Oakland Wilson, CJ I INIec Santa Cruz Wilson, H M 3 Chem Oakland Wilson, (Miss) LS 2SS San Francisco Winkler, GH i CE Peachland Winn, WW 3 C E Sacramento Wittenmyer, JL 3SS Martinez Wixson, R S I C E Oakland Wolfsohn, (Miss) R M 2I S S San Francisco Wood, L L 2s C E Berkeley Wood, (Miss) M 23 N S San Francisco Wood, S A, Jr il S S San Francisco Wood, W G 2 S S San Francisco Woodland, (Miss) E B . . . ' .3 S S San Francisco Woolsev, Philip S is Chem Berkeley Wright, BF iSS Berkeley Wright, W S 3 L San Francisco Wyckoff, HC 3SS Berkeley Wythe, (Mi.ss) KG 2 S S Oakland Wythe, ( Miss ) M 2s N S Oakland Yamamoto, S 3 C E ■ ■ . Hikata Wakayama, Japan Young, (Mis.s) EM 3 S S San Francisco Young, J A I Agr Young, Lucy Brackett is C E San Francisco Young, (Mi.ss) S E 2 S S Santa Ana Zellerbach, (Miss) RE 1 N S Sau Francisco STUDENTS: MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART 39j STUDENTS IN THE MARK HOPKINS INSTITUTE OF ART, CALIFORNIA SCHOOL OF DESIGN, 189^. Adams, Laura San Francisco Armer, Sidney San Francisco Bailey, Alice San Francisco Bakewell, Annie Berkeley Barrett, Maggie San Francisco Bell, Fernald Reno, Nev. Bours, M. L Stockton Blagburn, Maurice San Francisco Brackett, Mary H San Francisco Brannan, Sophia San Francisco Brunner, Louise San Francisco Burnett, Charles Vancouver, B. C. Callahan, Caroline Rose San Francisco Champlain, Lemoine Oakland Cleary, Joseph Oakland Condon, F. H San Francisco Corbus, S. C San Francisco Cox, Sara San Francisco Crane, Mrs. G. B Ventura Damn, Clara San Francisco Deming, Mabel Sacramento Easterday, Sybil Niles Eckles, Josephine San Francisco Edgren, R. W Berkeley Eichenburg, E San Francisco Fishbeck, Louise San Francisco Francis, Ethel Napa Grossett, Louise Lorin Haswell, Belle Oakland Hendy, Ethel San Francisco Holden, Marion San Francisco Howe, Eva San Francisco Immel, xlgnes San Francisco Johnson, Amelia Bessie San Francisco Jordan, M. G San Francisco Josephs, S San Francisco Kalisher, Emilia San Francisco Kelley (Mrs.), L- C Oakland Kerr, Grace San Francisco Lange, Kate Oakland London, M. A San Francisco Lomax, Burdett Oakland Loring, Georgia Emery Oakland Martinez, Javier San Francisco Maurer, Ralph San Francisco McCormick, Ellen Elizabeth San Francisco McElroy, Jennie Roma San Francisco McFarland, Elenor San Francisco McKee, Robert Stockton Menton (Mrs.), W. H San Francisco Mossman, Bertha B Chehalis, Wash. Noble, Mora San Francisco Osbourne, Alice Oakland O'Sullivan, Michael San Francisco Payne, Miss San Francisco Raphael, Joseph M San Francisco Rice, Sara Boyce Santa Barbara Roberts, Eric Alameda Robinson, Ralph E San Francisco Sayle, Helen Alameda Schoenstein, Emil San Francisco Schroeder, Henry Yreka Scoville, Berenice San Francisco Sewell ( Mrs.), S. M San Francisco Sherik, Wanda San Francisco Sherwood, L. M Alameda Stone, M Fruitvale Suoir, R. C Alameda Tautfauss, LiHa San Francisco Thompson, Marie San Francisco Travers, Emily San Francisco Turner, CO Centerville Urunuela, Manuel de San Francisco Van Winkle, Emma F San Francisco Vasquez, M San Francisco Vivian, Calthea San Francisco Warren, H. E Oakland Wethern, Annie M Los Angeles Wilde, J. S San Francisco Williams, Etta Stockton Wolfe, Elsa San Francisco Young (Mrs. J, M. G Peralta STUDENTS IN THE LICK ASTRONOMICAL DEPARTMENT, 1895. Aitken, Robert Grant, M. A. (Williams), Professor of Mathematics in the University of the Pacific ; Special San Jose. Cunningham, Sarah Jane, Sc. D., Professor of As- tronomy and Director of the Observatory, Swarth- more College; Special Swarthmore, Pa. Edwards, Mary Eunice, B. A. (^Stanford); Special. . . Westhampton, Mass. Hodgin, John Simeon, B. S. (Pacific University, Forest Grove, Or.); Special Bandon, Or. Hussey, William Joseph, B. S. (Michigan), Associate Professor of Astronomy, in the Leland Stanford Junior University; Special Stanford University. Leuschner, Armin Otto, B. A. (Michigan), Assistant Professor of Astronomy and Geodesy in the University of California ; Candidate for Ph. D. f Astronomy, Mathematics, Physics) Berkeley. Poole, Arthur French; Special Stanford University. Stearns, Herman De Clercq, A. M. (Stanford), In- structor in Physics in the Leland Stanford Junior UniA-ersity; Special Stanford University. 394 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA STUDENTS IN THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW, 1895:, SENIOR CLASS. Banning, Edward James, M. S San Francisco Brand, Arthur San Francisco Butler, Willard Wall I^os Angeles Clark, Alice Ann San Jose Craft, Mabel Clare, Ph. B East Oakland Cudworth, Jeremiah Judson San Francisco Curtis, Richard Vincent, A. M San Francisco Dorn, Walter Everett Watsonville Fine, William Andrew Oakland Frisbie, Nathaniel Baker, B. S San Francisco Hahn, Edwin Otto San Francisco Harris, Isidore, Ph. B San Francisco Hess, William Theodore San Francisco Humphrey, William Francis, A. B San Franci.sco Keane, George Bernard, Jr San Rafael Kennedy, Guy Reynolds Chico Kincaid, Harvey Archer, A B Redwood City Leach, Abraham Powell Oakland Lent, Eugene, A. B San Francisco Littlefield, George Beeley San Francisco Lyser, Albert Wares San Francisco Manning, James Edward, B. S San Francisco McGowan, Robert Henry San Francisco McKenzie, Alfred Bailey San Francisco McLellan, Clifford Lorin O'Brien, Victor Lathrop, Ph. B Belvedere O'Halloran, James William, A. B San Francisco Palmer, John Brooks, Ph. B San Francisco Prosek, John San Francisco Rector, Elbridge Nelson, A. B Merced Robinson, Tod G., B. S Visalia Russell, Frederick James Hay wards Smyth, Charles William San Rafael Somers, Burbank Gustave, A. B San Francisco Stewart, Fred Lester, B. S Oakland Van Pelt, William Winslow San Francisco White, William Basil, B. S Oakland Whiting, Randolph Virginius Berkeley MIDDLE CLASS. Ames, Everett Oakland Archer, Leo Bethel San Jose Bailey, Henrj^ French, Ph, B Santa Cruz Barrett, John Joseph, B. S San Francisco Barry, Thomas Joseph Grass Valley Bartlett, Louis de Fontenay, Ph. B Alameda Bernheim, Louis Lazarus Santa Cruz Blaney, Henry, A. B San Francisco Bonner, Ernest Chappell, Ph. B Cedarville Bradford, Herbert Sampson San Francisco Brann, Walter Scott, Ph. B San Francisco Breeze, William Francis, Ph. B San Francisco Bryan, Jesse William San Francisco Clement, Jabish, B. L San Francisco Cleveland, George Clifton Watsonville Clute, John Foster Volcano Cooper, Edwin Theodore San Francisco Cotton, Aylett Rains, Jr., A. B San Francisco Davidson, Thomas Drummond, A B San Francisco Dehy , William Bishop Dibble, Henry San Francisco Dickson, Frederick William Auburn Dillon, Richard John, A. B Los Angeles Fletcher, George Herbert, Ph. B Grass Valley Gibbons, Lewis Alberto, A. B College City Gillogley, Robert William San Francisco Haynes, Francis Peter, B. S San Francisco Head, Horace Caldwell, Ph. B San Francisco Henry, Walter Hughes, Ph. B Oakland Houghton, Edward Thompkins, A. B San Francisco Humphreys, William Penn, Jr., Ph. B., A. B..San Francisco King, George Cameron San Francisco Krull, Frank, B. S San Francisco Lazarus, Sylvain Jules San Francisco Lenahan, John Alfonsus Edward, B. S San Francisco Loofbourow, Charles Frederick Salt Lake City, Utah Mann, Robert Levi, A. B San Francisco Marsh, John Alfred, A. B San Francisco Mathewson, Harley Phillipps, A. B Los Angeles McKinley, Benjamin Louis, A. B San Francisco Morrow, Robert Head, Ph. B San Francisco Nicholls, Thomas Henry Dutch Flat O'Callaghan, Charles Francis San Francisco O'Gara, John, A. M Yountville Perkins, Thomas Allen, A. M San Francisco Prescott, Leon Edward San Francisco Price, Robert Martin, Ph. B San Francisco Pringle, Edward Jenkins, Ph. B Oakland Quinn, James George Oakland Rosener, Charles Samuel San Francisco Sanborn, John Albert Fruitvale Shoemake, Albert Bonsell Modesto Shortall, Edward Percival San Francisco Smith, James Wilson Santa Barbara Sullivan, Stephen Leslie, A. B San Pablo Trumbo, Howard Thompson Salt Lake City, Utah Van Nostrand, John James San Francisco Weaver, Philip Lawrence, Jr., Ph. B San Francisco Westerfeld, Carl, A. B San Francisco Willard, Charles Wesley, A. B San Francisco Wright, Allen Carwood San Francisco JUNIOR CLASS. Allen, Arthur Fuller, B. S Alameda Altschul, Rudolf Charles San Francisco Avery, Russ, B. L Los Angeles Bakewell, Thomas Vail Berkeley Berry, Rufus Albert, Ph. B Berkeley Black, Walter Russell San Jose Bradford, Wager, A. B San Francisco Brizard, Brousse Areata Burke, Francis John, A. B San Francisco Clarke, Harold Augustus San Francisco Clough, George Arthur Traver Connolly, George Aloysius San Francisco Coyle, Charles Weldon, Ph. B San Francisco Coyle, Harry Freeman, Ph. B San Francisco STUDENTS: THE HASTINGS COLLEGE OF THE LAW 39? Crouse, Harvey Sherman, A. B Albion, IlL Crump, George Elder Spokane, Wash. Deasy, Daniel Cornelius San Francisco Denman, William, B. L, San Francisco Dimond, Hugh Sullivan, B. S Fruitvale Donnelly, Daniel L,ee Oakland Feehan, James Byrnes San Francisco Finch, Fabius Taylor San Francisco Fitzpatrick, Timothy Ignatius San Francisco Gaylord, Robert Brainerd San Jose Gish, John Darwin Los Angeles Graupner, Adolphus Earhardt San Francisco Greenbaum, Benjamin Franklin Watson ville Hanley, James Martin San Francisco Henderson, William Everett Salisbury, N, C. Hickey, Thomas Wand, B. S San Francisco Hills, Stacey Romeyn Presidio Jackson. Stanley, B. L San Francisco Jones, George Louis Grass Valley Joseph, Lionel Edward San Francisco Kennedy, Joseph Bernard San Francisco Larue, Lloyd Palmer Oakland Macbeth, Frank David San FrancLsco Maguire, William Michael, A. B San Francisco Menihan, Thomas Michael, B. S .Cloverdale Meyer, Jacob Sol San Francisco Meyer, Samuel Charles San Francisco Meyerstein, Joseph Charles, A. B San Francisco Mumma, Wilmer Grand Island Newburgh, Henry Petaluma Nougues, Joseph Marion, Jr San Francisco Page, Rollin King San Francisco Pringle, William Bull Oakland Puterbaugh, Johnson Wagoner San Diego Roos, Otto Andrew Oakland Schmidt, Winfield Scott Costigan Berkeley Squier, John Jay Santa Barbara Squier, William Charles vSanta Barbara Taylor, Francis Patrick, A. B Oakland Thompson, Walter James San Francisco Treadwell, Edward Francis San Francisco Welty, Eugene Edwin Berkeley Wilson, Emmet Homer Santa Fe Springs Wolf, Emanuel Myron, B. L Stockton STUDENTS IN THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, 1895. SENIOR CLASS. Allen, Clifford E Bangor Anthony, Dr. Richard Selden San Francisco Argenti, Jerome John Baptist, Ph. G San J-Vancisco Bacigalupi, Louis Dominic San Francisco Badilla, Joseph Crisanto Heredia, Costa Rica Barbat, William Benjamin Franklyn San F'ranci.sco Beck, Henry Martin, Ph. G San Francisco Bosqui, Daniel Van Allen Ross Valley, Marin Co. Boyes, William James Robert Oakland Brown, Augustus Frank San Francisco Cameron, Howard McDougall . . . .Martland, Nova Scotia Carpmael, Edmund Dranstone San Franci.sco Cavagnaro, Augustine Angelo, Ph. G San Francisco Dudley, Frank Wilburn San Francesco Easton, Daniel EHsha Foote San Francisco Emerson, Horatio Bates, Ph. G.. San Franci.sco Eppinger, Rose San Francisco Feder, Adelina Minnie San Francisco Feder, Grace San Francisco Flood, John Joseph San Francisco Gray, Robert Frederick, D. D. S San Francisco Hawkes, Robert Hamilton, Ph. G Oakland Hay, William Gilbert San Francisco Heller, Clarence Louis San Franci.sco Helms, George Leo Talent, Or. Holmgren, Harvey Brooks San Francisco Hopkins, Edward Kimball Ross Valley, Marin Co. Hull, James Porterfield Lockeford Hyde, George Edward Ogden, Utah Kearney, James Frederic San Francisco Kellogg, Wilfred Harvey, Ph. G Oakland Lartigau, Augusti Leon Jerome San Francisco Lutz, Fred Andrew Carson City, Nev. MacCallum, Hammond Johnson . . Azusa, Los Angeles Co. McCulloch, Thomas Adam San Francisco McGettigan, Charles Dominic, A. B Vallejo Nast, John East New York City Painter, George Louis, Ph. G San Francisco Parker, Benjamin Johnson Elk Grove Putnam, Victor Eugene San Leandro Rinne, Frederick Augustus San Francisco Sankey, Mary J San Francisco Schmelz, Charles Joseph, Ph. G San Francisco Smith, Howard Spamer San Francisco Stafford, John Thomas San Francisco Stern, Arthur Alonzo, Ph. G San Francisco Trafton, William Augustus Dixon Villain, John Albert, Ph. G San Francisco Whitsitt, PVancis Hofer San Francisco JUNIOR CLASS. Anderson, Helen Orestella Los Angeles Armistead, Cecil Miller Newman Blum, Sanford, A. B San Francisco Botsford, Mary Elizabeth San Francisco Broughton, George Anthony Lonipoc Bruguiere, Peder Sather Sau Francisco 396 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Burnham, William Parker Folsom Chace, William cV Arcy Alameda Coe, Leonard Hayes Tulare Cox, Thomas Francis San Francisco Dunn, William Lawrence, B. S Oakland Falk, William Sylvester Eureka Farron, Edgar James San Francisco Fine, Henry Mastin East Oakland Giannini, Attilio Henry, B. A San Francisco Giroux, Edward David Wiunemucca, Nev. Harrigan, Joseph Thomas San Francisco Hickcy, Thomas Alovsius San Francisco Irelan, Oscar Burgess San Francisco Katsiiki, Ichitaro Osaka, Japan King, Lochiel Montrose San Francisco Lee, Arthur Stanle)- Berkeley Linforth, Grace Stryker San Francisco Maguire, Michael Aloysino San Francisco Mailer, Thomas Davis, B. S San Francisco Maloon, Clarence Lafayette, B. S. .Elmhurst, Alameda Co. Morgan, Charles Lewis, A. B., Ph. G San Francisco Muscott, Braj'ton San Bernardino Murpli}', James Daniel San FrancLsco Morrow, Howard San Francisco McLaughlin, Alfred San Francisco McLean, Murdoch San Francisco McMahon, Frank Abraham San Jose McMuUin, Dan Morgan San Francisco Nance, Lee M., B. S Dallas, Tex. Newman, Alfred, A. B vSan Francisco Nichols, William Mattocks vSacramento Noble, Mary Louise Valli Vista Nolan, John Christopher, B. S. . Antiocli, Contra Costa Co. Oldenbourg, Louise San Francisco Orr, Robert Harris San Francisco O'Brien, John Henr>- Stockton O'Brien, John Thomas San Francisco O'Mallej^ William Henry Ingram San Francisco Parkman, Wallace Ernest San Jose Quinn, Thomas d'Arcy Sau Francisco Rice, Edward James - Oakland Rochex, Joseph St. Paul, Minnesota Scott, Florence San Rafael Smith, Herbert Richard San Francisco Stewart, Mary Jane Ca3'ucos Stone, Mack Voorhies San Francisco Stover, William Miller San Francisco Stow, Nellie May Walnut Creek Thorpe, Lewis Sanborn Los Angeles Trask, Henry Caustin, Ph. G San Francisco Travino, Alberto San Francisco Waller, Newton Booth San Francisco SOPHOMORE CLASS. Argenti, Jerome John Baptist San Francisco Borchers, Bertha Oakland Huntington, Samuel D Sau Francisco Lovett, William Watson Detroit, Mich. Taylor, Oscar Nettleton Berkeley Whiting, Eugene Carlisle Sau Francisco FRESHMAN CLASS. Bell, William L Santa Cruz Callaway, Edwin Midland, Tex. Coklwell, David Russell Alameda Deckelman, R, Carlotta San Francisco Fi.schbeck, Herbert Eugena San Francisco Hill, Stephen Howard Eureka Judell, Malvina Irma San F'rancisco Keenan, Alexander Lakeville, Sonoma Co. Menefee, Jo.seph Senevy San Francisco Muller, Frederick Charles San Francisco Tillman, Frank Joseph San Francisco STUDENTS IN THE COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, 189^. SENIOR CLASS. Atwood, William Amos Los Angeles Axton, Frederick Richard Eureka Barrett, Thomas Francis San Francisco Bernard, Herbert Andrew San Francisco Borger, John Nicholas Campo Seco Bowles, John Bennett Napa Brown, James Albert Sau Francisco Brun, Louis Etienne, B. S Nines, France Cannon, Edward d'Arcy Oakland Carpenter, B5^ron Leonard Poplar Coney, David Milton Sau Francisco Dodson, Eugene Morris Cambria Fitch, Oscar Plank Oakland Fitzgibbon, James Garrett San Francisco Flood, Arthur Morris San Francisco Ford, Arthur James Taylorsville Hale, Reuben Lloyd Martinez Halstead, Emnel Potter San Francisco Hardy, John Ross Oakland Hauselt, Charles Peter Sau Francisco Holloway, Edward Shortndge College City Jeffrey, Joseph Arthur San Francisco Ludlow, William Berridge, Jr Oakland McCan, Francis Ashbury Lathrop Morris, Amiel Woodland STUDENTS: COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY 397 O'Connell, Robert Enimett Gold Hill, Nev. Pearce, Clarence Herbert Watsonville Porterfield, Robert Henry San Francisco Sawyer, Fred Earl Oakland Sicliel, Eeo San Francisco Singleton, Walter E San Jose Smith, Robert Washington Oakland Stephenson, Harley Howard Sacramento Stram, Edward Eord San Francisco Tibbetts, Arthur Livingston Petaluma Wachhorst, Newton Booth Sacramento Waterman, Frederick Ruthven San Francisco White, Frederick Heilbron San Francisco JUNIOR CLASS. Abbay, Wm. Henry Oakland Abrahams, Henry San Francisco Ames, George Frederick Oakland Ayers, Marilda Jane Eureka Baird, Frederick Guernsey vStockton Baird, Mrs. Mary Louise vStockton Baken, Daniel Boone Sacramento Bennett, George Eben Santa Cruz Boeseke, Bertram Carl Santa Barbara Bonnell, Franklin Calvin Tres Pinos Bowman, Charles Harold Santa Cruz Carrington, Paul Tulane Oakland Chappel, Harrj' George San Jose Clark, William Nathan Watsonville Coferata, Albert San Francisco Cohn, Jacob Boise City, Idaho Cranz, Frank Herman San Francisco Croall, Medora Vaux San Francisco Croft, Stephen Los Angeles Cunningham, vStephen Joseph San Franci.sco Davis, Harold Edgeworth vSan Francisco Davis, William Edward Sausalito Fischer, Ludwig William San Jose Forrest, James Morton, Jr Los Gatos Fowler, Arthur A San Jose Gedge, H. Edward San Francisco Oilman, Charles David Oakland Greenbaum, Lawrence San Francisco Hanson, Herman Pierce San Jose Harlam, Rolfe Milhonz Zanesville, Ohio Harms, Richard George Cornelius Oakland Harris, George Morgan Oakland Hart, Charles Edwin Pacific Grove Harth, Arthur Philip Grants Pass, Or. Hawley, Alexander Hamilton vSacramento Haynes, George Henry Victoria, B. C. Hilliard, Samuel William Lodi Hoy t, Fletcher S Oakland Husted, Guy Brown Saratoga Jordon, Thomas Mercer vSeattle, Wash. Leviston, Frank Edward San Rafael Lundborg, Konrad Magnus San Francisco MacDonald, Naoma Gae vSan Francisco Maynard, Stephen Cholmeley San Jose Morden, Thomas Snelling Boise City, Idaho Pless, Fred Gustave San Francisco Porter, Charles Bruce, Jr San Francisco Raymond, George Washington San Francisco Reynolds, Harry Clendenin Upper Lake Richards, Joseph Ignatius San Francisco Roth, Leon Joseph Los Angeles Rowland, Mrs. Amy Gilbert Grafton, N. S. W. Sawyer, Anna Martin vSan Francisco vSeager, John Herbert. Constantinople, Turkey vSmith, Frank Joseph San Jose Stallman, George Edward San Francisco Stitch, Benjamin Mitchell vSan Francisco Thomas, Montgomery Fresno Tobriner, Oscar vSan Francisco Todd, Clifford vSacramento Tompkins, George Henry Bethany Treyer, Edmund Joseph vSan Francisco Webster, Lauren David San Jose Weldon, Clyde Allen vSan Francisco Westphal, Edward William vSan Francisco White, Richard Montgomery vSan Francisco FRESHMAN CLASS. Aberater, Henry Cook Oakland Alexander, Milton Oscar ,San Francisco Ashley, Julian Woods San Jose Atkins, John Hugh San Francisco Belden, Keney Roy Oakland Bosqui, Benjamin Avery Ross Burs, Miss M. L vSan Francisco Carter, Frederick Russell Sonora Clay, Edwin Andrews San Buenaventura CofBn, Charles Alfred Reno, Nev. Colburn, Orville Mirtland Collins, Asa Weston Oakland Gushing, Stephen Russell San Jose Delucchi, John Jackson Donnelly, George Samuel vSan Francisco Durham, Judge Haley Irvington Emery, Charles Albert ,San Francisco Fiske, Edward Sewell San Francisco French, Howard West Oakland Gilbertson, James Coolidge Oakland Gilson, Ray Edson Oakland Harnden, Frederick William San Francisco Harvey, William Hargrave vSalinas Heacock, William Rema Beloit, Kas. Herrington, William Merced Fresno Higgins, Thomas S San Jose Holloday, William Rubin Pomona Houck, Fred Ashland, Or. Howard, Amos Francis A'allejo Hughes, Walter Renwick Fresno Jarvis, Charles Fitz Howard Oakland Johnson, Frank D Chico Jones, Paul Clifton Ross Kane, Robert Frank San Francisco Keiffe, Edraond Douglass Kelly, Norman Douglas San Francisco Kerwin, Louis Joseph .West Side Klei.ser, George William Cloverdale Louisson, William Honolulu, H. I. Marckres, Clair Cutting San Jose Morris, Julius Isador Los Angeles Morse, Henry Woodworth San Francisco McCarthy, Charles Joseph Napa McKee, Alexander Ignatius Oakland Pearce, Frederick Bright San Jose 398 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Plunkett, James Arthur Oakland Quirk, Thomas Hopkins Gold Hill, Nev. Reich, Charles I^ewis San Francisco Robinson, Miss Frank Omiska Petaluma Rolisson, Helen Mary Reno, Nev. Russell, Edward Weld Martinez Scott, Fannie Elsie Marysville Smith, Robert Edward San Jose Smyth, Thomas Ustick San Raikel Stealey, Edward Matthew San Francisco Stiles, Henry San Jose Stone, Dykeman Hadley vSan Luis Obispo Sumner, Charles Maurice San Jose Thomas, David Pickard Brighton, England Travers, Harry Pierce Oakland Troy, Edgar Oakland Upton, Edward Albright Oakland Wachs, Martin. Oakland STUDENTS IN THE CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF PHARiVUCY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, 189^. SENIOR CLASS. Abraham, Charles Jacob San Francisco Bandel, Edward Frederick Pasadena Bayly, Charles Alfred San Francisco Blum, Joseph Henry San Francisco Brannagan, Arthur Joseph Mulberry Brink, Charles Marcellus Oakland Broderick, Daniel Joseph San Francisco Burns, Robert Theodore Areata Clifford, William James San Francisco Conlan, Francis Joseph Nevada Citj^ Connolly, Thomas William San Francisco Dowdall, Richard John vSan Francisco Drake, Joey Howard Vallejo Edelman, George Louis Petaluma Emde, George Henry Lodi France, William Merton San Francisco Gydison, Carl Torwald Lauritz Salinas Hazen, Edward Augustine San Francisco Higb}', Edward Payson Oakland Horswill, Franklin Horace Oakland Hunter, Frances Alben Santa Rosa Ingram, Charles Henry San Francisco Jones, Adial Sabin Placerville Kelton, Julian Oliver Ukiah Kidd, Albert Joseph Nevada City La Rue, Donald Duke Stockton Lauck, George August Santa Clara Lengfeld, Joseph Louis San Francisco Lichtenstein, Max San Francisco Lucchetti, Victor Francis Joseph San Francisco McKinlay, Edward San Francisco Nash, Bert Nicolaus Newton, John Crockett San Francisco Potter, Frank Lyle Oakland Shaw, Herbert Goss Sonoma Simmons, Haydn Mozart San Francicso Sporndli, Ernest Santa Rosa Stange, Carl Frederick San Francisco Wollenberg, George Maurice San Francisco Zeile, George David San Francisco JUNIOR CLASS. Becker, Frank Charles Merced Bowen, Daisy May San Francisco Brown, Joseph Hildretli Oakland, Or. Campbell, John Dean San Francisco Clayes, Washington Irving Stockton Christopher, John Francis Los Angeles Coffee, Ernest Haquette San Francisco Cone, James Edward San Francisco Cook, George Alfred San Francisco Cottle, Harold Skinner San Jose Cragin, Volnev Randall East Oakland Crowley, John Joseph San Francisco Cummins, J. Wirt Oroville Day, Homer Leland San Francisco Dickhoff, Bernard Seligman San Francisco Dore, Cornelius William Berkeley Duncan, Franklin Thomas San Francisco Ehrenpfort, Louis August San Francisco Ellis, Linnaeus Thomas Elsinore Fairbanks, Charles Devans Tustin Gallagher, Edward Homan San Francisco Gay, Frank Henry San Francisco Gerichten, George Peters Oakland Gleason, Edward Peter San Francisco Gloria, John Joseph San Leandro Glover, Andrew Joseph San Francisco Graham, Lyle Salinas Gregory, Thomas Raymond San Francisco Grider, Richard Leonidas Crescent City Grimmell, John Clayton Baltimore, Md. Grotefend, Mrs. Elizabeth San Francisco Hopkins, Walter Vincent Stockton Inman, Pratt Cook San Rafael Jackson, John Holmes Stockton Jackson, William John Oakland Kelly, Francis Ignatius Stockton Kennedy, Joseph John Chico Kiely, Eugene Aloysius San Francisco Kington, Frank Valentine Santa Clara Large, Charles Franklin San Francisco STUDENTS: COLLEGE OF PHARMACY ^99 Liedel, Henry Andrews Haywards Mitchell, Burr Hudson Colusa Mohun, Pedro Francisco Aloysius San Francisco Monroe, Louis Francis San Francisco Hunter, Leo San Francisco Miiller, William Jacksonville, Or. McQueen, Henry Milton Clarksville, Mo. Noe, George Thomas Auburn Norton, John San Luis Obispo Onesti, Silvia Joseph San Francisco Packscher, Maurice Goodtime San Francisco Perrone, Darius Joseph San FrancLsco Perry, Bert San Franci-sco Pierson, Walter Edward Eureka Powell, Walter Corwyn San Francisco Quigley, George Henry Oakland Reynolds, Helen Grace Upper Lake Rubel, Charles Christopher Marysville Ruhser, Frederick William San Francisco Saunders, William Nelson Vallejo Schoenwald, Paul Albert San Francisco Scurr, Alpha Coulson Alameda Shaw, George Henry Ukiah Sheridan, Franklin Jerome iSan Francisco Spagnoli, Urbauo Giovanni Jackson Tully, Marcus Aloysius Stockton Turner, Walter Peebles Pasadena Ullman, Frederick George Elk Grove Urunuela, de, Nicolas Roberto San FrancLsco Ware, Eugene Reuben San Francisco Weise, Charles Olsen San Francisco Wilson, James FrankUn Jacksonville, Or. STUDENTS IN THE POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, THE SAN FRANCISCO POLYCLINIC, 189^. DEGREE IN MEDICINE FROM. Harrison, F. H Bellevue Hospital Medical College Evanston, Wyo. Williams, Albert University of Aberdeen Rice, Prescott L St. Louis Medical College Chemawa, Or. Patterson, T. J University of California Visalia Logan, Hugh St. Louis Medical College The Dalles, Or. Smith, J. K College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York San Francisco Bell, Henry R University of Maryland San Francisco Cox, Rosamond L University of California San Francisco STUDENTS IN THE VETERINARY COLLEGE, 189^. Keane, Chas. Keane, J. S. Hoagland, H. W. Homan, C. Hoffman, L. Williamson, W, Welsh, I. Murray, P. J. Summerfield, J. J. 400 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA STATISTICAL TABLE OF THE TEACHING STAFF IN THE ACADEMIC COLLEGES. i« o 1869-70. . . . 1870-71 1871-72. . . . 1872-73. ... 1873-74. ... 1874-75 1875-76 1876-77 1877-78. .. . IS78-79 1879-80 1880-81. ... 1881-82. ... 1882-83 1883-84. ... IS84-85 1885-86 1886-87 1887-88 IS88-89 1889-90 1890-91 1S9I-92 ■ 892-93 1893-94 1894-95 8 10 10 12 II 14 15 15 16 15 14 14 12 13 15 16 I a 20 18 19 19 17 17 16 16 21 I 2 5 6 6 2 5 8 10 12 I I I 4 7 9 16 15 18 19 18 ]6 16 15 15 13 8 10 S 13 19 20 23 5 6 7 10 11 14 II 12 18 14 24 10 J3 13 17 22 30 38 36 38 37 35 36 28 28 30 35 38 42 43 45 52 48 60 77 78 96 STATISTICAL TABLES 401 CO u < U Q < U < a. O GO UJ QQ o CO UJ UJ cc O UJ Q O CO y CO H < H CO u W «B ?i u fs S tn i/) rt M S Q rr OJ u J3 ao ss SQ IS OJ 1- So n "- ir^ fo -' OwoO'-'Oi-HfOO I-, i_ (N rO 00i-'CN0*"O0i-<0'-0000'-'tN(N0 M r^ ■ t-^ wj t^ -t y:) M00'-'rOi-'M0>-<0 CI, i .1 I O Ph 3 M M ■ „ „ „ ^ ON -t '^ • o ^ M i-i cyD 10 -^ lo fO -. \£) rt -' ^-^ — -— ^ -.-^ -^ -,-' -.-- -.-^ TI! Fi -b CD OJ Si lyi • ^ <; a s a; I— ' IJ u u a be cfl ;:; Q c "t: '?.' Cfi ? c C 3 to u OJ c h- P a. > ^ > a P & 0^^c^ — Ol-'OolO'■0(N^-lC'-'OOcN'-lO-^OfOO'-'OfOOcOl>--+0-i-0'-'Oo^^O^■ fN O '-' — rO M M ri O CN h-( o M O fO CN O +- ^ OJ - (J >^ I- a P iH >1 -o^ a <0M tn ^ a iw .9 i-t:! fe a S ft 3 a . y. a-° a (U u ^Sf ■1=0 s p (U -^ 3 a a g g "4^ ^ OJ UJ a -^ 0. '^ - OJ c s ■ Z Wi hi o' as ^ .^5 *^ , >^ -^ OJ J^^ 13 a i: V, p. aj>< ^ ^ «j s tl S :n bfi " ^ ^ ■»' f^- "> 3 ° he u S M 5^ M 402 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA CO Q f- tn O 03 < < U- H CO f- < CO 3q; ai ■j^JBUU9;3A •AoBUlJBqd •iCjisijiisa ■auiDipajM a^BnpB-if) •1so-< i-i hH (N CN W (N rO rO»-'"^>-'^(NiO01 ri m r-, r~- VO CN cn n n\ rr, ^ ro r^ n iT) M W) ON f^ r^ ^ n CO n\ f'j c^ r'!) CN 04 CN ro CN n CN CN f'J ^ ^ C/J CN M CO M :o ^ '■O-i- -rt r-- M '^■O ^o r^ n\ t-- fO^ n ^ CO n r- n n a^ ^MD li-~l r^ CN VD r- o ro CN \0 1-1 " " " CN CN ~ CN —( rO -* -i- 10 10 ^O ^D I--. \D CO ,_, n 01 ^ C7^ <^ rn r^ fN -r> r^ ^.n n -r yD ^O ^ h^ ^ ri rj CN CN I - LO MJ MD r-. l-l CN vN fO x> ro 10 X »n.D O) (N •^co ^ 10 n r^ LOCO -,0 CN a^x lO j^ vO (N 10 n -Tf (N ^ to <^ c^ CT* ^^ ro -:t>0 -1- rr-, -Tt Tt rN ^ ir in -1 ir 1-^ tr CN 10 (N ir fO LT -r* a^ t-r) U' •^ f^ (M rn r^ CN ':!■ rs lO - 0^ CN f1 fO ^ -^ 10 \D \0 CTn a^ 01 ON^O in in "^ •"^ ""■ '"' lj"j - 1-- - - " '"' '"' '" CN CN CN CN CN f) '-' ro !-■ 10 CN fO CN c^ LO t; -t ,^ MD lO „ ON n irv ir, r-. yo CS ri '' •^ ^ a^ _ CN -JZ LO ^ (■--J -t- „ >0; u^ r, n 'Xi LT CT' CN 'Xi X -t li- n 10^ \.r, n \r ro ro I-- r-~ as " CN CN -- |"0 Tl- CN 10 rO STATISTICAL TABLES 403 HIGH SCHOOLS IN CALIFORNIA. County. Alameda Butte Colusa . , Del Norte. El Dorado Fresno Humboldt Kern . , Kings . , 1,0s Angeles Marin . . Mendocino Monterey . Nevada Orange Riverside . Sacramento San Benito . . San Bernardino San Diego San Francisco San Jo.aquin . Place or Name, When accredited. Alameda 1886 Berkeley 1884 Centerville 1893 Hay wards 1S94 Livermore 1893 Oakland 1884 Gridley Oroville Colusa Crescent City Placerville Fresno 1892 Selma Union H. S Washington H. S Areata Bakersfield 1894 Hanford Citrus Los Angeles 1889 Monrovia Pasadena 189 r Pomona . 1894 Santa Monica 1894 San Rafael 1891 Mendocino City Ukiah Salinas City 1891 Nevada City 1891 Grass Valley 1893 Fullerton Santa Ana 1893 Elsinore Hemet ... .... Riverside 1892 San Jacinto South Riverside Vale Union H. S Elk Grove Sacramento 1886 HoUister Redlands, Uugonia and ] „ Crafton Union H. S. |' ■ '^94 San Bernardino 1893 Coronado 1894 Cuyamaca . El Cajon Escondido Fallbrook ITnion H. .S . . . Nuevo San Diego 1890 Girls' High School .... 1890 Lowell (Boys' ) High School. 1884 Polytechnic High School . . Stockton 18S5 County vSan Luis Obispo Place or Name. . Arroyo Grande . Cambria . . .... . Paso Robles . San Luis Obispo Santa Barbara Lompoc . Santa Barbara ... . . Santa Maria Santa Clara Gilroy . . Los Gatos Mayfield . Palo Alto . Santa Clara San Jose . Santa Cruz Santa Cruz " Watsonville when accredited. Shasta Siskiyou Solano Sonoma Stanislaus Sutter Tehama Tulare \'entura . Yolo Yuba Redding Etna. . Yreka . Armijo Uni Benicia . Dixon . . Elmira . . Vacaville . Vallejo . . Cloverdale Healdsburg Petaluma . Santa Rosa Sonoma . Mode.sto . Oakdale . Sutter City Red Bluff . Tulare City Visalia . . Santa Paula Ventura . Esparto . Winters . Mar}'sville ion (Sui 1894 1894 1890 1894 1892 1893 1890 1893 1894 1893 1892 1892 Note. — The National City High School was accred- ited for the year 1891-92. The Cogswell Mission High School, San Francisco, was accredited for the year 1891- 92. STATISTICS OF HIGH SCHOOLS. YEAR. 18S9 1890 1S91 1S92 62 6,021 1893 1894 No. of Schools . . . 1 21 24 3.54S 37 6,348 67 6,354 93 No. of Pupils . , . . . 2,928 ■■■■8,412 '■' Estimated. 404 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ACCREDITED PRIVATE SCHOOLS. Name of School. Where situated. Belmont School Belmont . . . Berkeley Gymnasium Berkeley. . . Boone's University School Berkeley . . . *Cogswell Polytechnic College San Francisco Hoitt's Oak Grove School Millbrae . . . fHopkins Academy Oakland . . . Mt. Tamalpais Military Academy San Rafael . . Oak Mound School Napa .... San Bernardino Academy San Bernardino Santa Barbara Collegiate School Santa Barbara St. Matthew's School San Mateo . . Trinity School San Francisco when accredited. i«88 1890 1894 1892 1893 1891 1893 1892 1889 1892 1891 1891 * The Cogswell School was a public school in il t Hopkins Academy was disbanded in 1S93. 92, a private school in 1S93, was then suspended, and was revived again in iS NUMBER OF ACCREDITED SCHOOLS. YEAK. Public ^Private jNormal Total 1S84 1885 , 1886 1887 i 1888 1 1889 1890 , 1891 1892 1893 i 1S94 13 25 34 43 7 II 17 24 30 39 6 7 10 9 2 3 3 3 51 * Admitted to privilege of accrediting since 18S8. t Since 1892, recommended graduates of the State Normal Schools are accepted without examination as students in regular standing for the first year ; their status, after that, is determined in accordance with the evidence of scholar- ship presented in each case. INDEX 40^ ILLUSTRATIONS. Note. — Portraits are indicated in the index of names. The University of Califoruia from the Berkeley Hills Frontispiece College School, Oakland, 1S61 28 Walk near Conservator^', University Grounds 51 The Golden Gate 67 The "Great Rock " 72 Channing Way, East from Shattuck Avenue 76 Fulton Street, North from Dwight Way 77 Residence of President Kellogg 78 Residence of C. T. H. Palmer, Esq 79 Residence of Ben Morgan, Esq 80 Residence of O. V. Lange, Esq. — The Golden Gate in the Distance 81 Residence of Prof. C. M. Gayley 83 Residence of John Garber, Esq 84 California Institution for the Deaf and the Blind 85 First Congregational Church 87 Residence of Prof. T. R. Bacon 88 St. Mark's Episcopal Church 89 First Presbyterian Church go Residence of George D. Metcalf, Esq. . . 91 St. Joseph's Catholic Church 92 Trinity M. E. Church 93 Baptist Church 95 First Unitarian Church and Divinity School 96 Residence of C. K. Clark, Esq 97 Residence of Theodore Wagner, Esq. . . 98 Residence of James Spiers, Esq 99 Residence of Dr. J. S. Eastman 100 Residence of George H. Maxwell, Esq. lor Residence of Allan M. Sutton, Esq 103 Residen ce of James L. Barker, Esq ] 04 Residence of Mrs. John Dean 105 Residence of F. K. Shattuck, Esq .... 106 Residence of M G. King, Esq 107 The Harmon Gymnasium 126 The Universit}' and Berkeley in 1873. . . 166 North Hall 170 South Hall 171 Looking South from Mechanics Building 173 Conservatory, University Grounds 174 Botanical Class Room 175 Agricultural Laboratory 176 Reading Room, U. S. Experiment Sta- tion Building 177 Chemistrj' Building 178 South Front, Chemistry Building 179 Class in Inorganic Chemistry iSo Laboralor}' for Advanced Chemistry .... 181 Field Practice in Civil Engineering. . . . 182 Mechanics Building 1S3 Wood-working Machinery, Mechanics Building 184 Machine Shops, Mechanics Building... 1S5 Portico, Mechanics Building i85 Hand and Machine Drilling, Mining Department 187 Mining and Civil Engineering Building 18S Assaying Laboratory, Mining Depart- ment 1S9 Research Laborator}-, Mining Depart- ment 190 Gold and Silver Mill, Mining Depart- ment , , 192 Students' Observatory 194 Class in Practical Astronomy and Geod- esy 195 Six-inch Equatorial, Students' Obser- vatory 196 Class in Geologj' 197 Recorder's Office 198 Seminary Room of Jurisprudence 199 Philosophical Lecture Room 200 Mathematical Class Room 201 Universitj' Printing Of&ce 202 Class in Mineralogy 203 Physical Laboratory 204 Diamond Saw 205 Analytical Laboratory, Department of Mineralogy 205 Leutze's "Washington at Monmouth," Bacon Art Gallery 206 The Bacon Art and Library Building.. . 207 A Quiet Hour in the Library 208 "Ariadne and the Panther," Bacon Art Gallery 209 University of California Cadets 211 Zoological Museum 212 Ethnological Museum 213 Horse Exercise 214 Parallel Bars 214 Developing Appliances 215 Setting-up Exercise 216 Bar-bell Exercise 216 Mark Hopkins Institute of Art, Univer- sity of California 219 The Gallery, Mark Hopkins Institute of Art 221 The Observatorj' in Winter 227 The Observatory from the Northeast. . . 228 The Great Equatorial 230 E3'e-Piece of the Great Equatorial 231 The Meridian Circle 232 The Earthquake Recorder 233 Lunar Landscape 235 Photograph of the Milky Way 239 Sketches of Mars, Schowing Canals. . . . 240 Toland Hall, Medical Department 254 Chemical Laboratory', Medical Depart- ment 259 Operating Amphitheater, City and County Hospital 261 Laboratory, College of Dentistry 271 Operating Room, College of Deutistrj' . 272 Chemical and Metallurgical Laboratory, College of Dentistry 273 College Building, Department of Phar- macy 27S Lecture Hall, College of Pharmacj' . . . . 279 "The Noblest Roman of Them All" — University Grounds 304 Stiles Hall 306 Assembly Room, vStiles Hall 307 Beneath the Oaks — Universit}' Grounds 313 Zeta Psi Club House 316 BetaTheta Pi Club House 317 Vehmgericht ; Class Daj', 1894 320 4o6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA INDEX OF NAMES, KXPI^ANATION OF REFERENCES. A number alone indicates the page where mention is made of the person of Faculties. A date (as '75) indicates the class in lists of graduates. This index contains all names except those in the lists of students, beginning page 383 portrait; R, list of Regents; F, lists Abbott, C. H. '91 367 W. M. '93 3B7 Abraham, I. '84 364 Adair, W. H. '81 379 Adams, 0. A. '87 .366 F. L. '81 351 H. L. '88 363 J 361 Addington, D. M. '79 371 Adelung E. von Jr. '92 .373 Agnew, E. O. '92 357 Aiken, A. C. '93 357 Ainsvvorth, G. J. .292, 325, P.395, R.333, '73 .345, 347 H. B. '91 3,56 J. C. '91 346 Airoldi, A. '92 381 Aird, J. W. '93 374 Aitken, L. S. '90 381 Akerly, J. C. S. '82 351 Alexander, CO 1.39 J. F. '75 348 M. E. '88 372 Alger, E. J. '93 377 AUardt, C. F. '88 .3.54 F. A. '88 3,54 AUbright, P. H. '90 376 Allen, A. F. '91 356 A. H F,,335 E. O. '75 370 H. S. '92 .■557 L. W. '93 3.58 E. H. '93 .'577 W. G. '91 .3.59 Allin, C. A. '94 359 Altnian, A 362 Alvord, William 218, 224 Anderson. J. A. '73 368, .369 J, W B.332 WInslow.. .260, 282, F.343, '84 .373, 368 W. C 71 Andrews, C. S. '81 363 Angellotti, F. M. '82 363 Angney, W. Z 40 Anthony, C. N. '88 366 0. V 93 C. W. '70 347 M 319 Archer, L 290, H.333 Ardley, H. T 149, P.155, r..338 Argenti, J. J. B 280, P.281, F.341, '81 378, 379 Armes, W. D ... 150, 163, 164, 166, P.165, P.:K7, '82 351 Armistead, H. V. '85 372 Armstrong, A.M. '82 .351 J. W. '91 .376 Z. T. '85 365 Arnold, M. '82 363 Arnot, N. D.' 69 .345, .347 Artigues, H. E f.343 Jos 266 Arroyo, J. '93 377 Asay, J. L 269, f.343 Ashburner, William. . . 114, 292, p.114 Mrs. William . . .309, R,333, F.3,35 Asher, H. K. '93 367 Ashe, K. P. '82 .363 Ashley. A. H. '87 3.54 t). E 12 Ashworth, F. P. '93 377 Atherton, Q. A. '80 350 Atiien, J. E. '86 .365 Atkinson, J. W F..3.36, '82 351 Atwater, I'. H. '80 350 Austin, Miss A .362 S. W. '86 353 Avery, B. P 218,224 E. '94 3.59 W. N. '93 377 Ayala, Juan de enters S. F. Bay. 66 Ayer, I 40 A.yers. J. J 129,1.30 W. W. '93 382 Ayres, W. 251 Bacbman, A. '88 354 Baokman, G. S. '90 376 Bacon. E. P 88, 166 G. E. '75 378 H. D 207, p. 210 T. B..88, 149, 163, 312, P.147,r.337 Bagley, H. F. '93 382 Bagot, E. A. '92 381 Bailey, H. F. '90 356 Mrs. M 264 T. P. Jr 150, F.a39 Baily, E. F. '82 351 Baird, E. E. '94 377 Baker, E. W 361, 362 H. A. '91 373 L. '85 365 L. L 219 Bakewell, C. M. '89 .3,55 J. Jr 319, '93 358 T. V 319 Baldwin, 0. W. '92 .3.57 H. C. '91 .346 R. O. '85 372 Ball, F. .361 H. A. '84 ;W9 E. L. '82 .379 Ballard, I. H. '94 359 Bancroft, F. W. '94 .3.59 Bandel, E. F. '94 382 Bangs, W. S. '94 369 Banks, D. S 90 Barbat, Josephine E, .280, F.:M4,'84 379 J. H F..'343, 262, 269, P.257, '88 372, '80 .379 Barber, E. T. '66 369 J. E. '85 a53 Barcrof t, D F.336, '82 351 Bare, E. R. L. '82 379 Barkan, A 254 Barker, E. H. '93 3.58 G L. '94 .^59 Barnard, E. E...236, 237ff, P,238, F,339 Barnes, T. L 319 W. H, L 218 Barnett, A. T. '86 ,353, '89 366 Barrington, C. L. '83 379 Barrows, D 314 Barry, J. '81 a51 J. E. '91 367 T. F. '74 346, 347 Bartlett, C 392, P.396, R.a33 L. deF 311, '93 .358 W B.332 W. C 86 Bartling, C. '78 349 Florence 312, '83 353 Bartnett, W. J. '87 . ... .354, '91 366 Barton, W. F. '88 366 W. T. '83 364 Bates, C. B. '68 369 M 2,54 W. E. '81 371 Batterman, C. S. '79 349 Bauer, 0. P. '91 .376 F. C. '77 .378 Baumelster, B. H. '82 371 Bazet, Louis 266, P.263, F..'B40 Bealzley, G. T. '85 379 Beal, F. E. '83 .3.52 Beard. D. L. '91 346 J. E. '88 a54 J. L. . . 393, .335, R.333, '68 345, 347 Beardsley, M. E. '81 .371 Beatty, H. N. '94 367 W. A 312, '84 3.52, '87 366 Beaver, F. E. '92 .357 Beck, H. M. '89 380 Becker, G. F 115, F.3,35 Beckett, F. A. '83 378, 379 Beede, W. M. S. '84 373 Behr, H. H 277, P. 280, F.341 Belcher, E. '92 367 Belknap, D. P 219 Bell, 0. H. '91 .376 1 361 S. B 14, .311 Bell, W. T. '94 Benedict, C. W. '76 . . . . Benfey, 1. D. '83 Benham, C Benner, Miss A Bennett, A. G., Jr. '93 , Thomas Bentley, 0. H. '91 E. . . .368 .. 370 .. 352 .. 248 .. 363 .. 377 .. 251 .. 3.56 2.54 Eobert 94 Benton, J. A 30 Bergerot, P. A. '93 367 Bergin, T. 1 246 Berglund, A. '94 368 Berkeley, Bishop 738 Bernard, H. '79 .349 Berndt, E. M. H F,343, '93 .347 Bernham, F..3.39 Bernheim, M. R. '91 381 Bernstein, F. '83 3.52 Berry, C. P R.3.32 E. A. '82 351 Bert, E. F. '87 366 Besthom, H. E 380, P.382, F..344, '84 379 Bettencourt, J. de S. '85 365 Bettis, H. S. '85 375 Bettleheim, A. F. '80 .371 Bice, J. W F..336, '75 348 Biedenbach, C. L. '86 353 Bien, M. '79 349 Bienenfeld, B. '82 351 Bidwell, John 293, R..3.'M Biggs, F. P. '74 370 M R..3.33 M. H. '70 369 Bilger, F. W. '89 380 Billings, Fred 35, 30, 73, 81, P.73 Bioletti, F. T F.342, '94 .359 Bishop, J. S. '82 a51 T. B 246,286 Black, A. P. '85 .365 J. A F.343 o. '82 am S. T R.332 Blake, A. S. '91 356 C. M. '76 .370 C. E. '91 373 G. M 69 J. W. '74 368, 370 Blanchard, M. E. '87 a54 Blaney, E. W. '71 347 Blasdale, W. C P.163, F..342, '92 357 Bliss, F. W 269, P.376, F..313 Bliss, Mrs. George. 264 Blodgett, J. M. '91 376 Blood, G. D, '93 357 J. N. '83 .375 Bloom, S. '91 367 Blum, J. H. '94 382 M. '93 367 S. '88 .316, '94 3.59 Boardman, C. T 175, 348 Bockius, C. '79 349 Bodkin, T. P. '87 380 Bodwell, H, W. '80 3.50 Miss 363 Boggs, F. E. '94 .359 F. S. '94 359 J 1.39, R,.3.33 Boke, G. H 311, '94 359 Boland, A. B F.342 J. I. '81 363 Bolander, H. W B.333 Bolton, J. N. '73 347 S. '80 3,50 Bond, F. T. '90 373, '86 380 Bonestell, 0. K. '75 348 Bonner, 0. G. '89 355 E. 0. '93 .3.58 Bonney, F. J. '79 349 Bonte. J. H. C 249, 297, P.250, B.333, F.3,34, F.,339 Booth, Mrs. A. G 264 E. '77 349, F,.336 F. '88 a54, 160, F..337 Booth, J. P. '88 354 J. E. '94 374 N. E 332 Borchers, A. W. '89 380 B. '94 359 Bordc, H. J. '83 .371 Borden, E. '84 364 S. '84 364 Boruck, M. D B.333 Bosqui. Edward 318 f: L. '88 354 Bosse, 0. O. '84 352 Boswell, F. M. '86 380 Botslord, G. '85 375 Boulanger, Miss 362 Bouse, J 319 Bovyer, A. M. '79 349 Bowen, C. P. '89 380 Bowerman. K. B. '93 383 Bowhill, Thos. .. 383, P.283, F..34I, 343 Bowie, A. J 291, B..3.33 Bowles, P. E. '82 351 Boxton. Chas 269, P.274, F.343 J. N. '8:8 375 Boyd, G. D. '87 354, '90 366 Boyle, J. 0. '94 368 Bracken, P. M. '83 a52 Bradbury, G. P. '78 370 W. T 2,54 Bradford, A. C 11, '78 349 W. F. '84 352 Bradley, 0. B 148,162, P.136, F.3.36 H. W. '85 365 P. E 319 Bradshaw, E. B. '93 a58 Bragg, A. '81 .a51 E. '76 348 Brand, E. '81 346,351, 363 Brandenstein, H. U. '94 368 Brann, W. S. '93 358 Brannan, J. J. '76 370 Bratton, P. O. '86 380 Bravermau, A. '86 ,a53 Brayton, I. H 23, 30, 32. P.25 Breck, B.J 90 Brewer, A. W F.342 Henrietta 314 J. A. '91 346, '94 368 E. I^. '94 360 Eev. W. A. '85 a53 Brewster, Miss C. A 362 Briceland, J. M 139 Bridges, E. '92 a57 Bridgman, L, B. '93 358 Brier, M. A. '93 a57 W. W. '82 351 Brlerlv, O. B. '66 369 Briggs, E. 'BO a50 Brigham, 0. B 2,55 Brltton, W. G. '86 365 Brobeck, W. I. '92 .367 Broderick, D. J. '94 382 Bromley, M. '94 .361) E. I. '83 371 Brookes, S. M 218 Brooks, Noah 218 Broughton, H. A. '88 366 Brown, A. P. '88 366 D., Jr. '84 364 Dr 251 E. E 148, 164, F..338, P. 141 E. S, '86 372 G. J. '76 370 H. W. '91 367 I. I. '88 354 J. C 129 J. G. '75 348 J. Q. '79 349 L. W. '77 349 P. P. '85 .353 P. K 366, P.265, F.343 W. E 20, 224, P.30 W. H. '91 346 W. L. '76 348 Browne, P. D. '92 357 R. E F.336 INDEX 407 Brate, J., '94 m> Miss C. B 2:ii Brummagim, M 3J Bnmner, A. J . '83 3ii4 Bruns, V/. 0., '78 3711 Brvaut, C. '8b 3iiS H. B. '85 353 Buchanau, A. N. '76 348 Buckliout, E. L. '83 3H4 Buckley, C. F 2rv3 V. deP. '84 372 Budd, J. E. '74 347 J, H 3'>3,3iS, P,334, R.333, '73 347 Bunker, Minnie 314, '811 355 E. E. '89 373 Bunnell, A '93 358 Edwin . . .26-3, P.36U, '91 356, '94 374 G. W F.33o, 54, 131 Burbank, W. F. '86 .365 Burcll, M. A. '83 375 Burchard, L. S. '75 348, '83 371 Bui-gess, F. G . . F.33S Burk, F. L. '83 3.53 Burks, J. D F.343, '9-i 3611 Burleson, F. D. 'Ull 376 Burnett, G. G. '79 378 G. W. '93 383 I. G. '83 383 Burnham, C. J. '91 .373, 368, 1-..343 S. W 236, F.339 Burton, H. G 362, F.343 Busll, R. E. '87 354 \V. N 386 Buslmell, Horace .... 36, 30, .34. 69, 1(15, 335 BuKsenius, A. G. '88 38U Butters, C. '79 3,50 Butterworth, S F 58, 291, R.3.33 Button, F. L. '76 348 Buzard, A. E 283, F..341 Bvinsfton, L. F. '87 366 Bvler, E. A. '92 3-57 Byrne. H. C. '94 360 Byrnes. J. D 139 Cabaniss, G. H. '84 364 Cadwallader, R. '93 :W4 Caglierl, G. E. '98 .373 Cairns, J. '67 .369 Oalbreath, J. F. '75 370 Caldwell. A. A. '93 367 H. H., '80 371 R. '69 369 Calegaris, .J. '83 379 GaUaghan, D. T. '73 ..368, '75 370 Callahan, Miss C .383 Callender, E. G. '91 .381 Calvert, John 278, f.341 Cameron, J. S. '68 .'WJ Caminetti. A 139, 159 Campbell, Alex 139 A. J. '79 .3.50 D. Y. '83 364 F. M 39, P.39. R..333, F.335 G. D. '84 .365 M. M. '85 3.53 W. ^Y 243, F..339 Carey, R. S R..333 Carlin, W. H. '90 .366 Carlsen, Emil 33(1, F.339 Carlson, C. J 333, 361 Carlton, H. P 269, P.374, F.343, •86 375-76 Caruall, A. '83 352 Carneal, T. B. '74 .347 Carpenter, F. L. '94 360 Miss G G.J R..3.33 Miss L. M .362 W. M. '93 358 Carr, E. S..48, .54, 110, 253, R.332, F.334 J. D R..332, 139 Carroll, H. W. '80 .3.50 Mrs. R 264 S. J 94 Carssow.F. H. '91 .3.56 Cary, J. H. '90 3,56. '93 .367 Casserly, E 393, H..3.33 J. B. '89 .366 Castelhun, Maida 311, '94 .360 Cate, D. B. '85 .375 Cavagnaro. A. A. '93 381 J. F. '82 .383 Cavell, -^V. H. '94 377 Cerf, J. L. '91 .381 Chaigneau, V. A. '76 370 Chalmers, W. P. '86 372 Chamberlain, W. H, '76 348 Chambers, S. A. '80 .3.50 Chance, G. H 269, p. 376, F.343 Chandler. A. L 139 Chapin, N. C 31U Chapman, A. '86 3.53 A. H 138 C. H. '93 :»i I. H. '88 376 Chapman, J. '90 356 W. D. '93 357 W. H 311, '79.3.50 Chappell, McC. '94 .377 Chard, G. R. '81 ,379 Charleston, W. S. '79 35U Chase, CM . R.333 J. L. M. '84 353 M. R. '79 3.50 Cheesebrough, L. F 150, f.339 Cheney, D. B 73 L. W. '78 349, '81 .363 Mrs. M. L. '83 3.53 ■VV.F. '85 3.53 Chesnut, John A. '91 346 V. K. '90 3,56 Chilson.H. G. '91 381 Chittenden, Alice B . . 222, 361 Miss 0. A 362 Christy, S. B 115, 130, P.:3I, F..3:i5, '74 ,347 Churchill, L. '71 389 Citron, R. '83 .364 Clapp, B. B 148, i'.143, F..3.38 Clark, C. B. '91 .■187 Emily C 314, '89 355 E. K 90 E. S 366, F..340 P. H 312, '83 351 G. T. '86 .353 G. VV. '94 374 J. J. '69 389 W. D. '84 372 W. v., Jr. '93 3.57 Clarke, J. B F.33R, '77 319 R. W. '81 351 Clayes, E. M. '94 .360 M. B. '93 357 Cleary, F. C. '83 384 S '94 374, '90 381 Clement, J. '94 .3811 Clinton, C. A. '81 371 Clow, J. B 311, '78:}49 Cluuess, W. B. '87 372 Cobb, G. D. '70 347 Cochrane, E. O . ... 267, f.;B41, '83 375 Cochran, W. A. '69 369 Colter, J. E. '94 368 Cogswell, F. L. '93 381 H. D 288 Cohen, A. H. '83 364 Cohn, R. D. '93 .3.57 Coke, P. S. '93 .377 Colby, G. E 1.50, F.338, '80 .3.50 Cole, M. D. '79 3,50 R. B 2.53, P.252, F.;MO Coleman, G. E. '91 346 J. W 88 R. L. '94 .368 S. E F.313 Colemore. C. A. '94 380 Collin, F. J. '91 381 Collins, A. C. '85 ,372 D. E. '74 347 E. L. '80 3.50 G. D. '85 385 CoUischonn, P . . . 383, 366, P.380, F..343, '91 373 Colton, A, L F.339, F.. 343 Comerford, Mother ) W. B. '87 .373 Howe, M. A 1,50, P.151, F.338 E H.3.33 Howell, H. '90 3.56 H. N. '79 371 J. G 311 K. R. '93 :«8 Howison. G. H 135, 162, 309, P.135, F..3.36 Hubbard. F. G 1.50, v:.iH7 Hubbs. P. K 11. 13, 15 Huddy. G. H. '93 377 Hudson, Mrs. G. C 232 Hueter, G. A. '90 381 Huggins, C. '84 3.52 C. L. '84 S46, '94 .'WO Hughes, G. L. '8(1 351 J. A. '83 371 L. J. '79 .371 S. F. '86 380 T. H. '86 .380 Hulse, C. H. '93 ,374 Hultberg, F. L. '88 376 Hultlng, F. B. '80 .379 Humphrey, J. G. '86 376 H. E 319 Humphreys. W. P. Jr. 93 .3,58 Hund, G. B. 93 .381 Hunkiu, S. J 366, F..343, '90 373 Hunt. L. E. . . 319, P.155, F.343, '93 .359 T. D 3(1 Hunter. Miss I .362 Huntington, S. D 150, F.338 Huntley. D. B. '75 348 Huntoo'n, C. L. '94 .360 Hupers, G. W. '85 365 Hurtzig, W. F. N, '81 379 Hutchinson, J. '78 349, '82 .363 L. '89 ,355 Hutton, J. A F..3.36, '85 375 Hyde, 0. G. '91 376 E. C. '91 .376 F. A 382 H. C. '94 360 M. D 139 Incell, A. '90 a56 Ing, J. C, .Tr. '87 ;«) Inkersley. A. '90 366 Inman, T. G. '92 381 Irving, S. '79 350 Irwin. F. 'a3 364 W K.333 Jackson. A. W. . . 130. 131. F..'M6, '74 .348 C. H. '84 365 K. D. '82 3.53 S. H. '94 360 W mi Jacobs, L. H. '91 .346. '94 .368 M. '76 348 S. R. '90 376 W. R. '84 .365 Jaffa, M. E 1.50. F..338, '77 .349 Janeck, F. L. '93 .383 Janes, E 33, '65 .347 Jantzen, H. F. '79 3.50 Jarboe, J. R. (quoted) 135 Jasper, O. W. '82 .3.52 Jenkins. J. A. '90 .■B6 Jepson, W. L F.343, '89 355 Jewell, W. S. '94 377 Jewett, W. D. '94 360 Johns, C. T. -83 3B4 T. E. '93 382 Johnson, G. A 139 H. P 151, F..3.38 J. A R.:M2 L. E. '88 3.55 W. P. '93 383 Johnstone, A. '79 371 E. K. '92 .■n4 Jones, C. K F..343 U. W. '93 367 D. G. '91 .3,57 G. W. '88 .'366 H. '87 .■366 H. B F.3a5 H. McK. '87 •■176 Miss M. E .362 M. L. '83 .379 O. W 369, P.276, F.:M4, '89 373 P. M F.343 Samuel 51, F..335 W. B. '78 ,349 W. C 148, 313, P.143, F.336, F.339, '75 345, 348 Jordan, W. H 139, R.333 L. A. '86 3.53 Jorgenseu, Chris 332 Jorv, H. J. '89 .3.55 Joseph!, S. E.'77 370 .Joullin, A 330, 224, F.:i39 Joy, E. W. '78 .378 Judson, CO 363 R. H. '83 379 Juilliurd, F. A. '91 :B7 Jump. R. L. '87 :354 Jung, F. H. '94 368 Kahn, A. G. '75 378 Kaufman, W. W. '86 365 Kawakami, M. '89 .373 Keane, G. B. '72 369 Keefe, J. J. '90 381 Keeler, J. E 336, f.339 Keene, J. R 210 Kelley, E. A. '93 367 J. P. '83 .364 Kellner. E r..342 Kellogg, M . . . 33, 31 , 33, P.33, 47, 53, 137, 144, K.332, F.;a4, F.339 W. H. '93 .383 Kelly, J. L. '84 372 Kelsey, A. L. '83 353 G. P. '79 350 H. D. '88 :«) H. G. '81 :ki J. E. '91 .381 Kelton, J. V. '94 383 Kerr, D R.333 W. W '260, 283, P.358, P..340 Kersaiut-Gily, G. de F..3'i5 Ketchum, H. A 91 Kibbe, W. C 16 Kidd. A. J. '94 383 Kiernluff, T. C. '93 367 King, Father 93 ' M. A. '91 .'3.57 Thos. Starr (quoted) 33, .34 W. H. V. '91 381 Kingsley, T. H. '86 .373 Kip, Bishop 64. 88 W. I. '88 3.55 Kirby, W. T. '91 373 Kirchhoffer, F. '87 .'373 Kirk, Miss J .-363 Kirkpatrick, 0. A. '71 .'369 Kirkwood, J. W. '76 370 Knapp. E. G. '79 a50 M. A. '87 354 Knight, C. '94 360 Knight, 0. E. '93 a59 " R. S. '88 a55 Knott, W. W. '83 364 Knox, G. W 139 H. E 369, P375, F.344 J.W. '81 .363 Knudler, W. L f.343 Kobaya.shi. S, '87 373 Koch, F. W 311, 319 Korper, H. W. '83 379 Kosbue, A. E. '75 37(1 Koshland, J. '93 359 M. '88 .3.55 Kower, H 1.5(1. p.1.57, F.3.'37 Krause, F. L. '84 379 Kreutzmann. Henry 266, F. 340 Kugeler, H, B. A. .'. .360, F.343, '90 .373 Kunath, O 320, 234, F.339 Kurtz, J. '72 .369 Lachman, A. '93 a59 Lacy, E. S 73, 87 Ladd, H. L. '91 381 Lagan, E. '91 .373 H 263, P.)J43. '93 374 Laidlaw, H. '80 371 Lake. Delos 346 Lakenan. C. B 319, '90 .356 Lampson, R. M 128 Lando. J. H. '87 366 Lane, G. W. '93 367 L. C 351 Lucia M 266, F..343 S.D. '94 .360 Lang, A. G. '93 .3.59 H. O. '75 348 N. R. '90 356 Langan, F. P. '86 365 Lange, A. F 149, 164, P.1.5B, F..337 Langley, S. P 333 Lann, W. H. '92 .383 Larkin, Henry 139 La Rue, D. D. '94 382 H. M n..'332 J. E. '80 .'351 Lash, Leo 330 Lasuen, Fatlier 68 Latham, M. S. '93 359 Latimer, L. P 23(1 Lavery, Miss N. G 363 Law, W. W 3.33 Lavyson, A, C 149, P,I49, F.3.37 Lawton, W. D. '82 .'383 Layman, J. D f.313, '88 :3.55 Lazarus, A. '89 3.55 Leach, C. W P.147. F.:343. '93 359 Learned, C. U. '71 347 W. C 95 Leavy, R. L. '91 3.57 Leber, A, L. '84 ,379 Le Gonte, Caroline E 313. '84 3.53 John 47, 48rr, .54. 133, 131, 147, 352, P.49, 168, R.332, F.3.34 Joseph 47, 4Sft, 162, 165, 283, P. 49, 169, F.334, F..341 Joseph N r..342, '91 .357 Lee, Elsie B 314, '89 .3,55 Leet, R. A 38(1, P.381, F.344, '91 .381 Le Feyre, J. P. '81 .371 Lefflngwel 1, W. H. '79 .350 Legge, R. T. '91 .'381 Lehner, V. . P. 163, F.342 Leiberg, J. B 313 Leithold, J. y. '90 381 Leland, T. B. W. '94 .'374 Lengfeld, A. L....360, 367, P.268, F..31(! Mrs. A. L 364 P F.338, '80 379 Lermen, J. J. '8)1 .3.55 Lesynsky, H. L. '94 360 Leszynsky, S. L. '80 379 Leuschner, A. O..1.50, 164, p. 163, F.3.37 Leventritt, E. M. '94 36(1 Levermore, H 131, f.3.37 Levison, 0. G. '84 .-379 Levy, H. L. '86 .3.54 S. M. '83 .353 Lewis. J. W. '83 .364 V. A 90 W. F 269, P.275, F.344 Lewitt, F. A. '78 370 Wm 367, F.,340 W. B 363, 367, P. 368, F.:M() Lezinsky, D. L. '84 .'3.53 G. '83 .364 Lichtenstein, M. '94 . . 383 Lick. James 225, 286. .300, P.235 Lickal, Miss G .363 Likens, J. W..-269, P.374, r.344. '94 377 Lincoln, J. B. '83 3.52. '87 366 Linderberger, W. E. '83 364 W. H. '76 .370 Lindley. D. A. '81 .351 Josephine 310 Lindsay, F. (i. '83 379 Linforth. A. O. '74 :34S Lingo. M. B. '66 :369 Link, V. A. '90 381 Litchfleld, O. '93 377 Littlejohn, Miss L .'361 Litton, C. A.... 369, P.374, F.. 344, ')IO:376 Lloyd, L. W. '92 .'358 R. T. '94 .'360 Loehr, G. W. '84 378. :379 Loefler, M. G. '87 366 Loewenthal. M. '84 .365 Logan, M. H. '87 380 Long, L. H. '80 .351 Lonigo E. V. '83 371 Lord, F. F. '8(1 .371 Loring.D. W 315 Lotz, Matilda 220, 361 Loughridge, R. H 1.50, P. 158, F.:3.37 Louisson, E. '83 352 E. B. '93 .3.59 Love, G. A F.343 Lovegroye, W. R. '))() 376 Lovejoy, A. O 31 1 , 313 Lovett, W. B. '83 .'371 Lovotti, F. '91 381 Low, A. F. '75 .348 D. '93 .'359 F. F 19. 2(1, 21. 37, .291. P.37, R,333 Lowenthal, M. '81 351 Lucas, Miss J 363 J. M. '81 363 Lucchetti, V. F. '94 382 Lukens. G . R. '89 3.55, '93 367 Lundborg. G. W. '83 371 Lustig, D. D. '85 372, '81 379 Lux, Miranda W 386 Lyford, L. D. '73 369 Lyle. A. F .'32, '64 347 Lyman, C. A 35 Lynch, C. W. '93 .367 J. C R..'3.33 L. J. L. '74 348 Lyons, G 363 T. J. '83 .'364 Macdonald, G. C F..343 J. M 366, F.343 Magee. W. E 1.50. p. 137, r.:3;37 Macinnis, M. B. '94 :374 Maclt, A. F. '90 356 Mackenzie, J. H. '70 .■369 Madison, F. D. '93 367 Maguire, A. G. '89 .'566 C. S. '93 .-374 Maher, F. W. '78 349 Mahony, W. H. '86 365 Maldonado, E. '87 376 Mandlebaum, F. 311, '78 :'A'.) Mann, 0. S. '90 .'373 H. R 1.39 R. L. '94 .360 S. '81 .351 Mansfield, John 128, R.332 Manson, M. '93 3.59 Mardis. B. A. '90 381 Markham , H. H R..3.-32 Marks, G. \y. '82 364 Marple.W. L 218 Mar.sh, J. A. '93 .3.59 Marshall, La F. C. '81 363 Martin, A. F. '79 .•3.50 G. '90 376 J. R 219 J. W. .45, 128, 291, 3<)4, p.289, R..3:33 Mrs. Dr 264 W. '91 376 W. A 266, r.340 Martineaut, E. D, '73 369 Martinez. J. M. '90 .373 Marvin, J. G 11, 13 Marx. D. B. '77 .'349 F. R. '89 373 Marye, G. T 151, 3,12, p.293, R..'3.33 Mason. C. J 90 B. F. '75 .370 Maslick. E. B 335 G. H. '81 .363 R. W. '81 .3.^1 S. C. '94 368 Mather. S. R. '89 373 S. T. '87 a54 Mathews, A. F 330, 224. F..3)39 H. W. '83 .364 W. P 1.-39 Mathewson, J. M. '83 371 J. McL. '79 378 Matteson, D. M. '92 3.58 Mau. A. H 319 Maybeck, B. R 150. F..'339 Mayer, G. W Hv Mayne, Charles 207 Mays, A. H. '87 373 Edwin 311,319, '93 359 W. H . 366, p.265. F. 34(1, '73 370 Mayer, O. J. '89 373. '85 .380 McAllister. E. W. '84 .346. '^5 3.53 McCabe. E. D. '84 365 McCann. F. '87 3.54 McCargar. P. '88 376 R. '90 .'376 McCarthy, C. F. '93 374 J. H. '88 .380 J. P. '91 .376 McCarty. C. C. '80 .%! McClaughry. H. H. '93 459 McCleave. T. C 319 McColl, G. F. '77 .37(1 MeCone. J. F. p.343, '92 374 McConnick. Miss E .362 McCormack, H. F. '76 .■370 McCormick, Eva 223 Miss N .'362 McCoy, J. W. '8i 373 McCracken. A. M, '93 .'M9 Mc( 'rea. H. 83 .■364 McCreery. A. T. '87 366 McCudden. James 139 McCullough, F. E. '94 .'374 McDermott. W. P. '74 .'370 McDonald, J. J. ')14 368. '77 .'370 J. M 313. '91 373 P. -93 367 McDonnell. S. A. '78 .'378 S. C. '78 378 McElroy, J. E. '94 368 Miss J. R 362 McFarlin, H. S. '91 3.57 McGee, W. J. '84 .'365 McGillivray, J. D. '79 :3.5(i J. J 318. '81 .'351 McGilvary. E. B 1.50. F.339 McGlade. P 319 McGuire. L. '68 369 McHenry. M. '83 364 M. B. '79 a50 4IO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Mclnnis J., A. 'i)3 367 McKee, R. L. '7(1 34S, 347 S. B 290, R.333, '83 364 MoKennv, S. M. '93 38-3 \V. B. 'IIS 383 McKinslrv. K. W. -. . 248, p. 249. B\340 J. C.''9(l 367 McKisiok, L. '9(1 ;B(j U. T. '92 358 McKnight, J. H. '94 3B8 N.M. '94 374 McKoweu, W. A R,333 McLain, A. F 267, r.34n McLaughlin, M. A, '78 370 W. H. '78 378 McLean, Edw 31, 69, 73 McLean, F, H. '93 ShS F. P. '75 378 F, W. '85 .353 J. K 86 J, T. '87 ,372 M. E. '89 355 May L 314 H. A. . , . 259, P.252, F„34ll, '74 370 McMahon, T, A. '79 350 McMurdo, J. R 366, F..343, '91 .37.3, '87 sai McMurray, O. K. '90 356, '98 367 McNamara, J. A. '93 382 McNear, F. W. '90 3.56 McNeelT, E. C. '87 .3,54 McNeill, A. '90 3.56 McNutt, W, F 359, 266, 283, 285, P.355, F..340 MoPike, H. C. '81 .363 McQuitty. W, A. '93 .377 Medbery, L, E. '8(1 351 M. '83 453 Medros, J, J. de, "90 381 Meek, C. A, '91 376 H. \V, '77 .349 William 293, R,.333 Meeker, J, D, '91 .3.57 Meeks, W. V. '85 3.53 Meldon, O. F. '82 364 Melyin, H. A. '89 355, '92 367 Mendel, L. C. '93 383 Mendelson, L. A. '89 3.55 Mendenhall, T. C 2.33 Meredith, G. H. '93 377 Merriam, J. C F.342 Merrill, C, W. '91 3.57 G. A 286, '88.355 H. F. F. -83 3,53 R, '90 3.56 ^Y. A 149, P. 146, F.:».l Merrit.t, G, W 366, F,343, '82 371 S 290, H.333 Merwin, L. T 319 Meryy. E. U. '83 371, '79 379 E. T. '93 377 Meserye, E. A. '86 365 Messing, L. J. '79 379 Metcalf.F. H 269, P.375, F.344 G. D. '81 .363 Metson, W. H. '86 :Va Meyer, A. G. '90 373 A, W. '85 3ft1 M. 0. '80 351 M. H. '94 360 W. A. '89 .376 Meyers. R. C. '75 .378, '80 371 Meyerstein. J. C! 311, '94 .360 Mezes, S. E, '84 3,53 Michener. C. G. '91 .3.57 Miles, A. D. E. '91 377 Millar, R. F. '91 .377 Millard, S. G R..332 Miller, Albert 393, p.297, r.3.33 A. C ...121, 151, 311, F.337,'87 354 B. P 312 C. F. '74 .370 F. De F. '83 364 F. M. '94 360 H. '83 364 H. E. '85 3.53 I. C. '86 .346 I. J. '84 353 .1. A. '75 370 W. P. '91 3.57 Mills. D. 1.33. 210, 313. 332,293. ■ 297, .300, .303, P.1.34, R..3.33 J, W F..343 Milton. .7. L. '91 373 Minor, G. W. '79 379 J. F. '76 370 Mizner, L. '79 350, '82 .364 Mobley, W. G. '89 .376 Moffltt. F. J 139 H. C. '89 .3.55 J. K. '86 3.54 Megan. R. F. '87 366 Mohun, C. G. '90 373, '87 380 MoUoy.T, S. '92 358 Molony, E. J. '86 380 j. J. '91 373, '88 380 Monckton, F. D. '86 365 Mondaca. J 361 Monroe, H, E, '88 .'i55 Monser, H. E 98 Montague. H. B. '91 .3.57 Montgomery. D. W 260, 266. f,310 Z ,, 14 Moody, M, F, '82 ,368 M. W. '82 .-ffl Moore, Ariana (quoted). ..152. '94 360 B. W. '83 .■W9 0. C. '78 378 C. H. '81 363 Miss K 362 R. H. '89 .-^.55 R. I. '91 377 R. S. '81 351 Morflew, T. '82 3?5 Mortord, N. A. '76 348 Morgan, C. L, '86 38i) F. E. '81 371 H, F. '89 38(1 J. '94 3i;(l R. '91 346 Morison, W. 0. '77 ■MM Morrill, A, L, '87 :m Morris, T, H, '86 376 Morrisey, J. G. '91 S'i Morrison, A. F. . . ..'325. 327, '78 345, 349. '81 363 M. E, '94 374 W. P. '8(1 379 Morrow. J. C. "79 3.5(1 R. F 228 R. H. '93 .'1.59 W. G. '91 3,57 W. H. '79 .■i50 Morse. B. '94 .'(6(1 C. R 319 F. '79 3.5(1 F. W. '78 349. '91 373 J. F 251 L. D 128 Morton, M. E, G. '9(1 3.56 Moses, Bernard 123, 124, 162, 1(35, P,124, F.3.-J5 Moss, J. M 45, 291, R,:M3 S. A r..342 Moulder, A. J 16, 47, 58, 291, 296, P. 16, R.3a3 Mount, 0. E 15 Mueller, Baron von 212 Mueuter, H. '83 .'Wl Mullord, H. ,S. '81 .363 Muller, H. E. '8(1 .'Kl Munson. J. G. '84 .378, 379 Murphey, J, D. '87 3.54 Murphy, F. D. '89 .'65 K. M. '77 349 M. G. '88 355 M. .J. '81 .'Wl Murray, G. D. '77 349, '84 365 Musgraye, R. W. '79 :tt(i Myerstein, Mrs. L 264 Myrick, C, M. '85 :-i.53 Nitrjot. Ernest 219. F..'«l Nash, B, '94 ,382 D, '89 376 Needham,H. H 94 Nelson, J. A, '92 .374 Newby, T. S. '84 379 Newcomb, Simon 334 W 210 Newell. B. E. '84 :i53 C. S 232 S. C 363 Newman. A. '94 360 Cardinal (quoted) 108 F. H. '91 38] J. '83 .3,52 Newmark. Leo 266, F.340 N. '73 347 Newmark, A'. 'iW 369 Nichols, H. S. '87 380 Leroy 382 T. A, '85 372 Nicholson, W. H. '79 350 Nicol, R. '84 375 Nlef, F. A 283, F.341 Nightingale. J. B. '93 :182 Niles, A. P. '82 Soi Nilon, F. T.'88 366 Noble, C, A. '89 .3,55 H. D 269, P.274, F..344, '91 im J. A. '88 373 M. '94 .36(1 Nolte, Miss .362 Norris, R. S P. Iti2 F.342, '92 .'SS North. A. W 311 H. H. '93 367 Nottage, G. E. '74 .'Wl Nourse, B, S. '89 3.55 Nowland, J. A. '94 368 Noves. A. P. '94 360 Nuttall, G. H. F. '84 372 Oatman, C, H 311, '82.3.52 Oberdeener, G. '84 379 S. '80 379 O'Brien, A. P. '89 373 V. L. '92 3.58 O'Callaghan. J. '79 350 O'Donoghue, M. F. '83 m-i Ogden, G. W. '92 374 Ogilby. R. E 48, F.3.35 O'Grady, A. '91 367 .J. J. '91 381 O' Keete, J, T. '93 367 S. R. '88 366 Olds.G. L. '91 381 W. H. '81 371 Oliyer, Bertha 314 J. A. '89 373 Olney, W 86, '91 .'M6, '94 .■i68 Olsen, M. 0. '91 373 O'Melyeny, H. W. '79 .350 O'Neill, A. A 2.54, '67 .369 A. E. '89 38(1 Edward.. 149, P.l:M, F.336, '79 3.50 .7. C. '73 370 Ongerth. H. E. J F.342 Orena, A, G. '87 3,80 O'Rourke, W. '94 377 Orton, F. H, '91 377 Osborn, F .361 W. E 311, '80 351 Osier. C. '78 370 Ospina. P. N. '79 .3.50 T. '79 3.50 Ostrander. F. M. '81 363 Otis, F. '73 347 Oury, F. W. '87 3.54 Qyiedo. L. P. '91 .373 Owen, E. T 150, F..3.37 Oxland, Robt 351 Pacheco, R R.a32 Page, F.W 30 Pages, Jules 230 Paget, F. V 148, P. 144, F..3.37 Paige, Cutler 213, '82 .■&3 Painter, Emlen 278, F..341 G. L. '92 .382 Pait, A. C. '92 358 Palaohe, C. '91 .357 Palmer, E. D. '94 36ll J. B. '92 358 T. S. '88 3.55 W. S. '76 348 Palon, Francisco 65 Pancoast, F. '85 .375 Paparelli, L F..3.38 Pape, Fred 222, 362 Parcells, F. M. '91 357 Pardee, G, C. '79 -.mi Parish, S. B 212 Park, T. C 366, F,343, '87 372 Parker, E. A f.335, '74 348 E. S. '78 378 H. G. '90 . . 356 J. P 369, P.375, F.344 Parker. S. '93 382 Parkinson. O. B. '94 ,368 Parks. W. H R,.3.33 Parr, E. F. '93 .377 Partridge. J. S. '93 .3.58 Partsch, H. '84 .372 Paton, C, J. '83 371 Patterson, F. F. '91 .381 T. J. 83 371 W. C 319 Patton. W. .7. '85 380 Pawlicki. C. F. '94 374 T. E. '94 .368 Payne, E. D 87, 95 F. H 149, F.3.37, P.128 .7. R. '83 ,371 R, E, '87 376 Pearce, W. N. '76 .348 Pearsons. H. A. '81 351 Peart, L. N. '93 .3.59 Peck. J. F. '85 365 Orrin 1.52 S. S. '90 356, '93 383 Peixotto, Ernest 320 E. D. '88 ,366 G. .7 362 J. B. '94 ,36(1 Pemberton, .7. E. "86 ,365 Pennell, R. F F..3.37, F.342 Perelta family 69 Perkins, G. 218, r,.332 J. C. '74 348 P. J. '87 38(1 Perrault, E. L. '85 .372 Perrine. CD F.343 Perry. A. W 267, F,.340 H, C. '8(1 ,351 Pescia, J, '77 370 Peters, C. M. C, '84 365 Petrie, F. B 266, F.,343, '91 373, '88 380 Peyton, W, C, '87 ,3.54 Pfister, J. J. '88 376 Pheby, F. S 319, '93 .359 Phelan, H. du R. '93 .374 J. D 219, 282, P.223 Phelps, T. G 293, P,293, R„333 Phillips, F. H. '91 377 .7, M 54, F.a35 Rey T 93 Phipps, W. T.-S3'.^. '..'...'.. .'.'.'.'.'.. 364 Piazzoni, G 362 Pickering, E. C. '87 3.54 Pidwell, J. T. '93 .367 Pierce, A. B 150, p. 154, r,a38, '90 356 G. W. '75 348 Pioche, F. L. A 124. 207, 210, 300 Piova, P 48, F..3.34 Pixley, F. M 293, R..3.33 Plant, B. A. '86 372 Platshek, M. '80 351 M. J. '83 .364 Piatt, W. H 247, F,3.39 Plehn, 0. C 150, 165, P.16.5, F,338 Plomteaux, H. J 367, F.341, '82 375 Plum, C. M 229 Plummer, R. H. '66 .369 Polk, C. "VV. '92 382 Pollock, A. F. '82 .3.53 Miss 264 Pomeroy, C. P. '81 363 J. N 247, P.247. r.339, '91 367 Pomroy, E. B 310, '71 345, .347 Pond, G. P. '93 374 H. M. '76 34S, '80.371 J. H. '84 .353 M. B 251, '54 369 Pooler, C. B. '92 383 Pope, H. E. '76 370 Poppe. R. A 311, '79.350 Porter, D. A. "94 360 Portola 65 Posada, J. de la C. '93 3.59 Post, C. E. '87 .376 Poston. R. E. '68 .347 Potter, F, L. '94 .382 G. M. '92 382 Powell, A, J, '89 376 H., Jr. '94 377 J. M. '76 370 Powers, E. E. '86 366 F. H. '84 353 G. H 260, P.25B, F..340, F..343 Pownall, J. B. '83 353 Poyzer, W. R. '78 .349 Prag. F. '87 354 Pratt, A. E. '81 351 E. W. '89 .376 Pressley, J. B. '82 371 Preuss, J. '92 382 Preyost, J R. '66 369 Price, H, F. '84 .365 J. R. '74 348 R. M. '93 359 W. E ... 2(39. P.275, F.344, '83 375 Dr 253 Prion, H, F, '85 380 Pring, E 266, F,343 Pringle, E, J,, Jr, '92 .358 Proctor, W. E. '89 3.55 Prosser, S, S. '91 381 I'-ruett, J. A. '78 .371 Puck. R. F, S. '94 383 Pullau, F. B 88 Putnam, E. W. '85 .3.53 R. W F.342 Putzker, A 118, P.119, F,.3.35 Quigley, C. E. '94 .368 Quinlan, A. P. "76 370 Ralston. A.J 86 F. W, '88 380 W. C 47,253, 391, R.a33 Ramm, C. A F.339, '84.3.53 Ramsdell, A. H. '90 356 Randall, Miss A 363 H, 7 1.50, F.337, '87 a54 Randolph, B. H 149, F.337 Rankin, Ira P 73, 253 Ransome, F. L F,S42, '93 a59 T. W. '91 346 Rantz, S. H. '93 374 Raphael, J 363 Raschen, Henry - 220 Rathbone, H. B. '87 .354 J. R 282 Rathbun, W. T. '92 374 Rawson, C. H. '90 .376 Ray, F. E. '76 378 Raymond. Cecilia 314 W. G F..337 W. J 1.50. P.151, F.338, '87 354 Reade, F. W. '81 363 Reardon. T. B. '82 371 •W. E. '87 .373 Roddick, J. B 323, 335, P..328, R.333, '69 347 Redding, B. B 292, R..aa3 J. D 318 INDEX 411 Redfleia, H. A. '76 . . . Kedington, A. H. '94. S. '69 Redmond, U. S J. M. '90 Reed, C. E. '83 348 .S6(l 347 ,37fi .371 C. F 38, ail, R,33;; E. '79 3.1(1 G. Jr. '77 349 G. E. '93 3S9 G. W. '72 347 Rees, D. R. '92 382 W. H. '93 3.59 Reese, M 12.5, 297, 300, 302 Regensberger, M 263, 266, F.,340 Mrs. M 264 Regensburger, A. T. '87 376 Reich, G. A. '77 3711 Beid, W. T 131, 137, p. 131, R.332, F.,334 Reilly, E. '8,5 380 P. H. '83 .379 Reinhardt, F. G 312 Keinstein, J. B 325, .330, P.32B, '73 345, .347 Keith, F M. '94 374 W. 0. '86 376 Reitzlie, G. C. '84 375 Rethers, H. F. '93 459 Reynolds, Miss B 362 G. E. '77 37(1 J. S 128 Rhoda, F. '73 347 Rhoae.s, A. L 293, H 333 H. W. '94 36(1 S. R. '75 348 Rich, F. A. '92 346, '91 3.57, '92 .3.58 F. E. '90 :S6 Richards, C. W. '82 .375 H. G. '91 365, 377 Richardson, A, C f.335 G. M 149, 165, F.3.37 J. A. '66 369 L. J 150, P.146, P.338 Mrs. M. 222 Rickard, T. '87 .354 Ricksecker, E 213 Hideout, J. D. '90 3,56 Ridge, N. N. '83 .3.52 Rieber. C. H. '88 3.55 Riley, G. E. '85 3.53 J. S. '83 371 P. T 311, '77 349, '88 .366 Rimpan, F. T. '83 .379 Rising, W. B.... 54, .55, 115, 278, P.115, F.335, F..341 Hitter. M. B F..342 W. E 1,50, 283, P. 164. F..3.38, '88 .3.55 Ri\-era v Moncada 65 Rivers, J. J F..342 Rix, E. A. '77 349 W. '87 .366 Rixlord, E. '87 354 L. P. '94 .360 Robbins, R. D. '94 36(1 Roberts, Miss M. B 361 Robertson, H. D 262 J. W. . . .260, P.2.58, F..340. '77 349, '80.371 R. H. '75 348 Robinson. G. P. '92 3.58 H R,F.40 I. L. 93 .3.59 Luke 266, 282, P.264, F.340. '67 .369 R. E ,•362 Roche, T, B. '92 .382 Rodden, G. F. '87 376 Rodgers, Arthur 292. .325, P.293. R3.33, '72.345, .317 R. C 15 W. L. '90 356, 93 367 Rodolph, G. W. '87 376 C. T. '85 .375 Rogers, G. H R..3.32 L. K. '87 3.54 N. '76 378 Rollins, W. E 219, F.,-339, .362 Root, 0. B P.274, '94 374, '93 .377 G. A. '88 .38(1 Rorke, J. '76 .370 Rose, Guy 222, 362 Rosecrans, W. S R.3.33 Rosenthal, J. '81 363 Ross, G. I. '93 382 Bothchild, F. H. '80 .3,51 Rothganger, G. '85 -353 Roturier, E. '83 379 Rouleau, O. A. '91 .367 Rowe, F. W. '90 .381 Rowell, C. A 292, P.295. R..3.'?3 J. C. ..122, 311, P. 122, F.338. F..3.39. •74 .'548 W. K R.F..32 Rowlands, W. E. '89 3.55 Royce, Josiah.. 121, 132, f..3,36, '75 ,348 Rucker, H. N. '70 369 Ruef , A 312, '83 3,52, '86 .366 Rulisou, D. W. '90 376 Runyon, E. W 279, F.341 Ruyo, S. H. '66 369 Russ, R. .] 311, 312 Russell, H. '81 451 T. B. '85 a53 Ryan, E. J. '87 .366 P. A. '93 382 R. E. '92 358 Byfkogel, H. A. L 262, "94 374 Ryland, 0. T 38, 40,25)0, R..3,32 Sabey, L. A. '80 371 Sachs, L R,333 Sage, C T. '70 369 Samuels, E. H. '91 381 J. '87 3,54, '90 367 L, '9(1 356, '93 367 M. V. '94 3(50 Sanborn, F. H. '92 374 M. S. '92 3.58 S. S 319, '94 360 W. K. '93 .'K4, '88 380 Sand, J. E. '86 376 Sander, H. W. "79 3.50 P. F. C. '76 ,348 Sanderson, H. E. '79 .350 \V. W. '87 ,354, '90 367 Sands, .J. A. '89 ,3.55 Sanford, E. C. '83 353 T. F 1.50, F.338 Saph, A. V F.342, '94 380 Sargent, G. C 286 Satterwhite, J. W. '91 367 W. T. '94 368 Savage, 0. A 87 H. M. '79 3,5(1 L. E. '86 366 Sawyer, H. C. '81 ,371 W. F. '87 366 Saxe, F. J. '85 S7r, Sayeda, O m2 Sayre, A. M. '81 363 J. P 311, '93 3.59 Scamell, J. W. '93 382 Schaeberle, J. M 236, 241, p. 241, F.339 Scheeline, S. C. '74 348 Scheller, V. A. '89 .366 Scherb, L. H. '93 ,382 Schillenburger, Miss V ,362 Schillig, L. '92 367 Schindler, A, D. '83 .3.52 Schlessinger, B. '85 .365 Schlieman, H. F. '93 .359 Schlott, E. F. '93 ,377 Schmelz, C. J. '85 .'378, 380 Schmidt, E. D. '90 381 Schnabel, M. '73 .370 Schneider, H. R. '91 .381 J. '85 375 Schober, O F.,343 Sclioenmaker, Miss P 362 Scholl, A. J. '90 .373 A. L. '84 372, '81 379 Schonewald, George 239 Schooler, W. H. '83 .364 Schorr, G. F. '82 .3.52 Schrader, S. H. '93 .374 Schram, L. M. '92 374 Schumacher, F. '93 .377 Schutte, J. H. '89 3.55 Schwartz, H. '91 .381 Schwitters, L. D. "86 366 Scobie, M '84 ,3.53 Scoggins, J. W 319 Scott, A. W. '76 349, '79 .371 E. '73 .347 I. M 218, R.3;B3 W. K. '93 .377 Scrivner, R. L. '74 348 Seaburv, .J. B 87 Seager,H. L 269, P.274, F.344, '91 375, 377 ■Seaman, E. M. '81 363 Searby, W. M 277ff, p. 277, F.341 Seares, F. H f.,'W2 Searles, E. F 164, 223B, 3(KI Searls, F. '76 349 Sears, E. H 121, 1.33, F..3.35 Seavey, L. T. '78 371 Seawell, J. L. '70 369 Mr 363 T. H. '76 370 Sedgwick, C. E. '93 ,359 Seeligcohn, M. '80 351 Seifert, C. A..., 28(1, P.28(l, f.341, '87.380 Selhv.R 362 Selfridge. E. A., Jr. '94 .360 Selling, N. '94 ,374 Sellon, A. F. '81 .371 Selzer, M. J. E. '77 3r8 Senger. J. H 1.50, 165, 330, P.1.59. F.337, '82 3.52 Senter, E. S. '82 .371 Serra, Junipero 65 Sesnon, W. T. '81 .'163 Sessions, K. O. '81 .. .351 Seymour, A. McA. '91 .357 Shackleford, T. ,1 . '83 ,364 Shatter, J. M 129, r.332 Shainwald, C. '81 .'iol Shankey, W. G. ■88 376 Shannon. J. '87 .372 T. B R.,3.33 Sharp, J. G . .269, P.374, F..344, '94 .374, '93 .377 S. A. '93 .'383 W. P 369, 318, P.274, F.344, '90 375. 376 Sharpe, S. '93 :3.58 Sharpstein, J. R 246 W. C. '85 .365 Sherwood, W.J 1.50, f.3.38 Shattuck, F. K. '69 94 Shaw, A. E. '91 3.57 H. H. '91 ,'377 H. G. '94 .'383 H. L. '84 346, '85:3.53 J. A. '81.. .•351 S, W 218 W. R. '77 M9 Shay, F. '89 .366 Shearer, H. L. '85 353 Sheats, A. K. '90 .367 Sheehan, J. W .361 Sheets, J. H. '81 371 Sheffield, C. M. '83 364, '79 .3.50 Sheldon, CM .'M3 Shellhouse, E. J. '75 370 Sbelton, T. W. '67 369 Shenard, E. H. '80 ,351 Sheppard, E. L, '94 360 Sherman, E. S. '84 .372 Sherman, G. E. '66 .345, '65 ,347 H. M 266, F.:340 William 228 W. B 269, P.275, F.,344 Sherwood, W. R. '77 .349 Shiels, G. F 260, 266, P.264, F.340 Shinn, C. H F.342 M. W. '80 .■351 Shippee, L. U R.3,32 Shorb, J. C 2.52 Shores, L. '81 363 Short, E. N. '88 376 Shrader, J. L. '86 .366 Shuev, G. E. '87 376 S. I F..342, '76 349, '78 371 Shumate, T. E, '90 381 Shurtleff, C. A. '82 364 G. A 2.59, P.253, F.340 Sichel. G. W. '76 370, '82 .375 Max -269, P.275, F.344 Sill, E. R 117, P.117, r..335 Sillimau. Benj. (quoted) .35 C. H. '81 .363 Sime, N, A. '94 374 Simmons, B. F. '86 376 W. H. '84 .375 Simon, G. '93 374 J, A. '75 .368, .370 Simonds, A. B. '93 359 E. H 1,50, F.3.39, '93 .3.59 Simpson, J. M. '87 376 Sims, Josiah 139 J. M 262, F.343, '91 .373 Simson, R R.F.30 Skaite, F. W 283, F.341 Skilling. H. H. '85 380 Skinner, E. E. '86 38(1 J. B. '92 .382 R. W. '83 379 Slack, C. W..248, 292, .325, P.248, R,.3.33, F.3.39, '82 364, '79 350 Sladky, J. A F.:3.38 Slate, Fred... 120. 123, 148, P.1-29, F.3a5 Sloss, J. '87 354 Louis 286, P.299, R..333 Smiley. Virginia W 266, r..'343 Smith, A. H. '79 .379 C 283 E. Du B, '91 .'367 G. S. '79 .371 H. F. '94 374 J. R. '89 366 J. U. '94 360 K. B. '9(1 3K1 (de Friese), L. H 310. 311 T. H. '76 .■370 Mrs. W. H 264 W. O F.343, '91373 W. P. '75 370 W. S. T. '9(1 .356 Soboslay, J. '86 372 Sola, Pablo V. de 69 Solmsky, F. J. '77 349. '81 .363 Solomons, L. M 319, '93 ,3.59 .Somers, B. G. '92 .358 Sommer, A. '79 37'.i Sones, G. D F.342 Soulo, F. Jr. , . 48, ,55, 116, P.116, P..335 Soule, W. F. '78 348 Southard, W. F 315 Sparkes, A. '79 .'371 Spencer, J. C 260, 266, P.258, F.340 Spiro, H. '93 382 Spohr, O. B. '94 .'360 Spooner, M. E. '93 3.59 Sprague, F. R. '86 ;354 Spreckels, A. B 282 Spring. C. B. '90 373 Squires, H. J. '90 381 Sfaflord, H. J. '82 .364 W. F. '81 .363 Stanford, L R.333 Stange, C. F. '94 383 Stanley, G. A. '79 450 W. H. '82 .375 Stanton, J. A. . 230, 224, F..339, '83 .371 Starr, Mrs. E.J 264 Stearne, Miss N 362 Stearns, E. H. '90 .3,56 R. E. C 296, P.399, B.3.33 Stebbins, H .35, .37, .39, 44, 45, 290, 396, P.45, R.3.33 Steele, Geo 1.39 Steely, J. '67 .369 Steers, K. 283, r.341 Stetlens, J. L. '89 .355 Stetson, C. M. '78 .'349 J. W. '93 3.59 Stevens, Miss K. C .363 Miss V. A 361 W. B 266, F..343. '86.368 Stevenson. J. R. '77 .370 Stewart, J. E 363 J. M. '82 371 Stiles, A. G 306, P.3'18 Mrs. A.J 141, 306 Stillman. H. '77 349 J. M 1211, 121, F..3.36, '74 348 Stirewalt, H. W. '.i4 . 374 Stivers, C. A 251, '64 .369 C. D. '92 ,367 Stock, W. S. '92 382 Stoddard, F. H F..337 Stoddart, E. L. '82 .3.52 Stokes, G. H. '90 356 James 25 Stolder, R. B. '85 .365 Stone. A. L. '85 453 B. I. 94 ,382 Mrs. 0. B 264 G. F. '92 358 L r.343, '89 3.56, '94 368 Stoneman, G R..3.*32 Stonesiler, C. A. '83 364 Stoney, D. '90 .356 G. '88 .355. '91 367 Storey. W. B. '81 351 Strachan. W. J F.343 Stranahan. F. E. '83 364 Stratton, F. S. '81 .363 G. M 150, F.338, '88,3,55 Straus, G. '81 .363 Street, A. I. '90 356 Stringham, Irving 1.32, 162, 164, p. 132. F..336, F..339 Strong, Elizabeth 2-33. .361 Stuart, C. D 310. '74 348 C. V 1-39 H. W 311. •933.59 W. A. '87 366 Stubenranch, A. V r..343 StuU, F. A. '94 360 Stump, I. C R.,332 S(;urtevant, G. A. '89 456 Stuttmeister, W. O. '86 .•376 Suggett, A. H. '93 .'377 Sullivan, H. F. '93 377 J. F. -85 365 M. J 267, P.368, F.341 T. B. '89 ,3.56 Summers, G. M. '76 370 J. F. '78 371 Surryhue, B. F. '90 373 Suter, D. '81 .'351 Sutherland, R. L. '92 374 Sullifl, F. C. '89 376 Sutliffe, E. C. '78 349 Sutro, A. '94 368 E. L. '81 .371 O. '94 360 Sutton, F. S. '75 348 James... 311, F.:3.39, f.342, '88 3,55 J. G. '85 353 Swan. B. R 260, P.256, F..'340 Swann, C. M. '75 370 Swayne, R. H. '85 365 Sweeney, J. P. '88 366 Sweigert, W. J. '89 ,366 Swett, John R,F.12, 18 Swift, E. D. '88 366 J. F -292, R,433 Swiuton, William 48, 111, F..3.34 412 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Swisher, J. R. '77 37(1 Swisler, C. A. '8.3 HM Swyney, 0. J. '8-2 35-> Syer, B. R., '94 :V,H Sylp, L. D. P 1511, 1B5, v.XiX Sylvester, A. J. '911 :«« H., Jr. '85 375 J. '73 37(1 W. G. '86 37fi Symnies, A. D. '9-1 3(il Tait, George .54, f.335 Takahashi, K 36^ Tartar, A. P. '82 371 Tauszky, E. '83 364 Tay, C. F. '91 34fi Taylor, A. 0. '84 Xr, E. K. '8B 3B() E. R. '65 369 H. B. '87 3.54 L. S l.'Sl O. N. '94 .'Ml R. L. '93 377 T. C. '94 .■»! W. E '26(1, ■;67, P. 3.57, b'.34(l. '93 377 W. J. '94 377 Tenuey, A. D. '80 3.-il Terry, W. I. '90 .'i.56, '9-2 374 Terls. Hugh 28-2 H. L. '87 .■K2 S. '8-2 364 Tevlin. J. F. '84 365 Tewksbtiry, L. M. '70 347 Thaclier, .1. K h.334 Tharp, N. J .'K2 Thatcher, A. .J. '87 3.54 Thayer, H. O. '94 361 Thevenet, E. J. '88 .'18(1 Thomas, J. T. '93 377 Thompson, E. R. '88 36B J. B 9(1 J. G. '91 a57, '94.374 L. E. '87 3B6 W. Le G. '91 367 Thomson. W. H 90 Thorne, A. '88 3.53, '88 36B W. M i?.343 W . S P.265 Thornton, P. B. '89 a5fi Thrasher, M. '90 373 Tli^estrom, I F.342 Tillany, E. V. '94 374 Tilden, C. L. '78 .349, '81 .563 Douglas 320, aS4, P.,3.39 Timken, H. H. '90 367 Tindall, A. L. '94 3B1 Tobin, A. '81 363 H. A. '91 367 Tobriner, I. '93 382 Todd. F. M. '94 361 Todman, J. M. '83 3(54 Toland, 0. A. '69 369 H H 123, 351, .'SIO, P.351 T O 311, '78 319 Tompkins, Edward. .135, 291, .-idO, 912, Jt.333 P. T. '93 358 Topley, J. H. '85 38(1 W. H. '88 3811 Touchard, G., Jr. '81 3()3 Townsend. C. E. '90 .'i56 C. F. -66 .■M7 E. L 369, P 375, F.344 Tracy, C. T 33 C. T. K. '64 3J7 Trantz. O. G. '91 381 Trask. H. C. '9(1 381 Treat. M. B. '78 349 S. B. '85 353 Trend, I. '74 .■W8 Troppmann. C. M. '81 ■578. 379 Trusseau. P. (J. '83 ■'»4 Tryon. J. W. '82 379 Tucker, R. H 243, P.343, F.339 E. L. '79 .3.50 Tuggle, S. P 3(i3, 266, P.3.55, F.343, '89 373 Turkington, W. '75 348 Turner, C. E. '88 355 Turner, C. L. '93 . F. C. '87 fj. S. '85. . . . J. H J. N. '85... . J. T. '69 R. C. '86 Turrell, Miss Turrill, Miss L. J. Tuttle, F. P. '81. . H. D. '81 H. P. '69 Tyson, W. H. .358 .354 38(1 213 365 369 mi 362 .363 .'563 363 369 .F.342 Upp, W. A. '93 383 Urban, K. '83 All Uribe, E. '94 361 Vail, H. F. R. '94 361 Vaile, C. S 87 Valentine, L. H. '87 366 Van Arsdale, W. W 311, '74.348 y-dn Orombrugghe, A. '82 375 Van Dyke, E. 0. '93 .359 H. S. '93 3.59 Walter 139 W. M. '78 .349, '81 363 Van Orden, G. N. '91 377 L 369, P. 375, F.344, '94 377 \'ansant, Dr 252 Van Werthern, J. '89 381 Van Winkle, L. E. '93 359 Van Wyck. S. McM., Jr. '90 3S7 Varlel, R. H. F l;B9 W. J. '88 355 Vassault. F. I. '85 365 \'euezian(. C F.3:57 Vidaver, N. '87 366 Villain, A. J. '92 .382 Vogel, T. A. '94 377 R. F. '93 382 Vogelman, D. J. '94 377 Vogelsang, A. T. '86 366 Voight, W. C. '79 .371 Volkmann, M. F. '91 381 Von Adelung, E F..343, '89 .3.56 Von Duelo, F. '77 370 Von der Leith, H. O. '93 3S2 Voorsanger, Jacob 148, F..338 Voy, CD 213, 215 Vrecland, Ph. L. '79 379 \'rooman, Henry 139 Wade, M. S. '89 373 Wadsworth, O. C F.343 W. H. '94 377 Wagener, A. O. '89 .-581 Wagner, H. L P.364, F.340 W. S. '83 .364 Wakefield, C. B. '85 3.53 Wakeman, E. H. '82 364 Walcott. E. A. '83 353 M. '84 , 3.53 Walker, H. W. '9(1 .'KW M. '94 361 R. J 10 Walkington, Mrs. T. G 364 Wall.B. P F.336, '76 349 H. A. '83 379 Wallace. A. H. '89 376 (). H. '79 3.50 R. B. '76 .349, '81 .363 W. C. '88 .366 W. T 392, P.393, R.333, '83 364 Waller, J. L. '89 381 S. L. '93 3,82 Walsh, A. D. '84 379 Walsworth. E. B SI Walton, F. J. '83 .3.52 Walz, G. '68 369 Wandesforde, J. B 318 Waugenhelm, .1. '87 354 Wanton, H, G F.336 Wanzer, L. M. F. '76 .368, .'WO Ward, J. W. '83 .364 Ware, J. H. '91 381 Warner, E, M. '93 367 J. K. '91 .373 Warren, C. H. '78 349 E. S. '85 3.53 J. S. '87 .378, 380 Rev. Dr 87 Wascerwitz, M. H. '88 .366 Washburn, C. E. '76 349 Waste, W. H. '91 .3.57, '94 368 Watanabe, T. '87 .372 Waterman, R. W H..'«3 W. S. '86 .354 Water.s. J. W. '74 370 Watklns, D. S. '76 349 Watson, J. E. '92 358 Watt, Wm 290, B.333 Waymire, J. A 292, P.393, R..333 Wayson, J. T. '91 373 Weaver, P. L. '91 357 Webb. H. H. '75 348 S. H. '93 3.59 Webber, J. S. '69 369 Weber, A. H. '80 .351 Webster, A. B. '93 358, '94 .368 J.Y 129 R. H. '77 349 Wechsler. P. '93 .383 Week, C. A. '94 361 Weed, Benjamin 311, '94.361 H. L. '83 .352 Weeks, F. L 351, '64 .369 Weihe, O. A . . .280, P.3S1. f.344. '89 .378, 381 Well, H. A. '94 :mi Weiss. E. M. '77 370 P. '78 378 Welch, J. W. '77 .349 W. P. '64 369 Welcker, W. T 48, .55, 131, R.333, F.334 Weldon, E. J. '84 .375 Wellington, George 33 Welsh, W. P 251 Went-ivorth, W. H. '88 .3.55 Wenzell. W. T 277H, p. 377, F.341 Wenzlick, W. '85 .365 Wertz, K. M. '78 319 Wesley, L. J. '91 381 West, J. P 1-29 Weston, O. S. '88 ,376 Westphal, O. F. '87 376 Wetmore, C. A 31(1, '68.345, 'Ml 0. J. '73 347 Wetzel, J. F. P F.343 Weyer, G. A. '91 377 Wharff, F. L. 'UO 3.56 Wheat, J. T 88 Wheaton, S. P. '77 37(1 Wheelan, Mrs. A. R 220 Wheeler. C. M. '84 .'565 C. S. '84 3,53 J. H. '79 3.50 J. T. '88 366 B., Jr. '92 .3.58 Whipple, Lou D 312 Whitbeck, J. L. '91 357 Whitby. G. A. '82 364 Whitcomb, A. H. '77 ... 319 F. R. '78 319, '81 363 White, J. H. '91 357 J. R. '9:5 3.59 J. T. '88 373 M. '87 354 Mary L 311 S. M H.3.32 T. J. '88 .38(1 Whiting, E. C. '93 .382 H 149, P.1.50, F..'-)38 R. V 319 Whitney. A. L. '8(1 a51 J. D 18, 34 W. B. '84 379 Whittell. A. P. '73 .'568, ,37(1 Whittle, H. D. '8:i .364 Whittemore. E. T 94 Whitworth. F. H 31(1, "71 347 J. M. '73 315, .347 Whyraper. F 218 Wickersham, F, P. '82 364 Wickes, J . T 139 Wickman, W. J. '83 371 Wickson, E.J 149. p. 148, F.:J36 Widber, A. C. '89 3.56 Widney, J. P. '66 369 Wiggin, M. P. '67 347 Wight, D. '88 380 Wilbur, C. M. '84 .365 Wilcox, J. A 1.39 W. I. '94 377 W. J. '85 .372 Wilder, A. H .30 E. M. '94 361 Wilhams, L. R. '89 381 Wilkes. F. '94 374 Wilkins, J. H. '76 349 Wilkinson, J. F. '87 .3,54 Warring 86 Willard, E. '91 3.57 Willeutt, G. B F.336, '79 350 Willey, S. H 23, :V), 32, 39, 73, P.26 Williams, Cora L 314, '91 357 E. B. '82 364 F. R. '81 .365 G. F. '65 347 Miss M .362 R. B. '87 .372 Virgil 219. F.339 Williamson, J. M 260, 367, P.268, r.340, F..343, '85 373 W. T. '77 370 Willis, H. M. '93 359 Wilmerding, J. C 141 , 285, .300, 303 Wilshire. Mrs. W. B 264 Wilson, Catharine E 311, '87,354 F. P .F..343 H. L.'90 356 J. K 383 J. N. E 1.39, '76 349 K. R. '86 372 I. M 246 M. S. '82 364 Winans, J. W...138, 393, R.a33, '78 .349, '81 363 Windsor, W. R. '75 .348 Winn, F. L 149, P.145, F.3.38 Winter, De 319, '93 358 Winton, H. N....360. 366. P.260, F..343, '85 372 Wise, M. S. '93 382 W. A. '89 366 Wishard, L. D 312 Withrow, Rev. Dr. (quoted) 104 Wolf, E. M. '94 361 WoUenberg, C. M. '94 .382 Wood, C. O. '94 377 R. K. '81 363 Woodhams, M. S. '88 .3.55, '91 367 Woods, W. E. J. '85 372 Woodward, M. F. '87 366 T. H 94 T. P. '73 347 Woodworth, C, W 15(1, p.160, r.338 M. B. '94 .368 Woolsey, U, H 319 K. F. '80 .351 Wooster, D, '85 372 Wores, Theo 330 Worley, A. L. '93 367 Worth, T. B. '91... . .381 Wright. C. U 139 " F. W. '90 356 G. T. '76 349 H. E. '94 374 H. M 311, '94 361 W. A. '91 346 W. H F.,342. '93 a59 Wulzen, D. H.. Jr. '87 380 Wyatt, J. OB. '75 .348 Wyckoff, H. U 311 Wynn, Miss E 361 VBailez, J. M. S-2 Yager, J. G. '78 349 Yelland. R. D 307, 320, 324, F.339 Young, C. C. '92 358 E. B. '81 .363 G. A. '81 363 J. D. '81 371 W. M. '83 379 Younger, A. J. '69 369 E. A. '79 .371 Zeile, E. J. '91 346 F. W 219, '78349 Zemansky, J. H. '78 .378 Zeyn, G. C. '89 373 INDEX 4'3 INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Academic Colleges Academic Senate 42; Accrediting System . . 140; Agriculture, College of, 41; 46; 54; iii; Agricultural and Mechanical Arts Col- lege 15; 18; 20; 37; Aid Society, Students' Alumni of the University (See Grad- uates) Appendix Art Association, San Francisco. Art— College of the Fine Arts Art Gallery Arts, the School of the Useful Assistauts and other Officers Astronomical Department Athletics Bacon Art and Library Building Berkele}'. . . . 21; 37; Berkeleyan Besom , Blue and Gold Botanic Garden Bushnell Union Charter of the University 4ofF; Chemistry, College of 115, Choral Union Churches in Berkelc}' Civil Engineering, College of, 41; 46; 55; "6 Co-education Cogswell Polytechnic School . , College of California 13, College School Congressional Grants (See Morrill Act and Hatch Act) Constitution of 1849 Constitution of 1879 13°; 289; Constitutional Convention of 1S49, 7> Constitutional Convention of 1878-79, Contra Costa Academy Cooperative Association, Students' . . . Curriculum, 55; 172; 175; iSr; 183; 188; Deaf and Dumb and Blind Institution, Deans of the Academic Faculties Debating Societies Dentistry, College of Design, California School of Diuing Association Durant — Neotean Student Congress. . Echo, College, 310; University Kthics and Religions, vSocietv for the Study of .' Experiment Stations 140; Extension, University 140; Faculties Academic Colleges School of Design Astronomical Department Law College Medical Department Post-Graduate Medical Depart- ment College of Dentistry College of Pharmac)' Veterinary College . . i67ff 334ff i54ff i75ff 321 323ff 331 2i8£f 2l8ff 206 285ff 342 2 25ff 3i8fF 206 65ff 3" 3" 312 2o5 309 288 lygff 315 86ff I93ff 58 286 23fF 29 8 7,8 301 8,9 I26ff 27 320 194 84 339 309 267ff 2I9ff 320 309 3'o 314 178 i6iff 42 334 339 339 339 340 340 340 341 341 Fees 58 Fellowships 303 Finances 288ff Fraternities, Greek-Letter 315 Funds 30off German Literary and Dramatic Club. 309 Glee Club 314 Golden Gale, The 67, 68 Graduate Instruction 199 Graduates — Academic Colleges 345ff School of Design 361 Law College 363ff Medical Department 36Sff College of Dentistry 375ff College of Pharmacy 378ff Harmon Gymnasium 125; 215 Hastings College of the Law 245ff Hatch Experiment Station Act . . . 140; 298 Hearst Scholarships 141, 151 High Schools 157 Journalism 310 Laboratories — Agricultural 176 Viticultural 177 Entomological 177 Chemical i8r Mechanical 184 Assaying ... 189 Research (mining) 190 Mining 193 Physical 204 Biological 205 Mineralogical 205 Petrographical 206 Botanic Garden 206 Land Agents 333 Law College 41; 245ff Legislature — First, 10, 25; Second, 11; Third, 11; Fifth, 11; Sixth, 12, 15; Eighth, 15; Ninth, 17; Act of April 22, 1863, 18; Act of March 31, 1866, 20; Act of March 23, 1S68 (See Charter of the University); Act of February 14, 1887 (See Vrooman Act); Act of March 19, 1S78, 300. Act of March, 1895, for San Francisco Building 329 Leland Stanford Junior University .... 141 Letters, College of 41 ; 46; 55; I7iff Library 206 Lick Observatory 225ff Lick School of Mechanical Arts 286 Longfellow Memorial Association.... 310 Lux bequest for Manual Training.... 286 Machine Shop 184 Mark Hopkins Institute of Art 2iSff Mechanics, College of. .41; 46; 55; 113; i83ff Medical Department 41; 122; 25 iff Post-graduate 263 ff Michigan, University of 9, 15, 58 Mill, gold and silver 191 Midwinter International Exposition. . 141 Military Science 149 Mills Professorship of Philosophy .... 134 Mining College, 10; 18; 20; 37; 41; 46; 55; 114; 120; i86ff Morrill Act of 1862 " 17; 18; 297 Morrill Act of 1890 140; 29S Museums 193; 209ff Mining 193 Ethnological 210 Botanical 210 Zoological 212 Pakeontological 213 Geological 214 Mineralogical 274 Petrographical 215 Natural Sciences, College of I7iff Neolcsaii Review 310 CEslrtis 3" Observatory, Lick 225ff Students' 196 Occident 3" One-Cent Law (See Vrooman Act). Pharmacy, College of 277ff Philosophical Union 309 Physical Culture 140; 148; 2i5£f Polyclinic, San Francisco 263ff Polytechnic High School, San Fran- cisco 286 Presidency of the LTniversity, 59; 123; 131; 137; I42fr Presidents of the University 334 Professional Colleges 244ff Public Building Fund 8 Public Schools 12 Recorders of the Academic Faculties. 339 Regents 42; 44; 288ff; 332 Religious Tests 43 Religious Influences loi Santa Clara College 13, 25 vScholarships 303 Science Association 309 Secretary of the Academic Senate .... 334 Secretarj' of the Regents 296; 333 Assistant Secretary 333 Secret Societies 315 Seminary Fund 8, 11 Social Sciences, College of 17 iff Sorosis 318 Stiles Hall 306 Students of the University 305ff, 383fF Students, Statistics 321 Summer Schools 140 Theological Seminary 25; 97; 99; 103 Toland College of Medicine 251 Treasurers of the Universitj' 333 Tuition Fees 58 University Funds 12 University of California: Antecedents, 7ff; Relation to College of Cali- fornia, 341; Inauguration, 36ff; Negotiations with College of Cali- fornia, 37fF; Internal Growth, logff; Expansion, I38ff University of California Magazine .. 312 University' of the Pacific 13, 25 Veterinary, College of 282ff Vrooman Act I38ff; 298 Wilmerding School of Industrial Arts, 285ff Y, M. C. A 312 Y. W. C. A 314 '^% *^^^^ss