ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 051 160 517 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924051160517 An Illustrated Descriptive Catalogue COLEOPTERA OR BEETLES (EXCLUSIVE OF THE RHYNCHOPHORA) Known to Occur in Indiana With Bibliography and Descriptions of New Species By W. S. Blatchley Indianapolis, Indiana /^^^S^4 INDIANAPOLIS: THE NATURE PUBLTSHINIi I O. INTRODUCTION. uf all the many forms of life which exist upon the surface of this old earth of ours, and which are our daily companions for good or ill during our few years' stay thereon, none are more numerous or less known than insects. Not only are they Abundant as indi- viduals, but the number of species is many fold greater than that of all other animals taken together. Both on land and in water they occur by millions, yet the life history of even the house-fly is known to but few. Many are the worst enemies with which the farmer has to contend, while others are to him worth far more than their weight in gold, yet to most farmers the beneficial and the injurious are as one, because he has no way of telling them apart. Not only from his wheat and corn, his grass and trees, his fruit and vege- tables do the injurious ones take toll, but on his carpets, his clothes and even his blood they prey. More than six hundred millions of dollars is the average loss they entail to agriculture in the United States alone each year, yet not one farmer in thirty knows the names of a score of different kinds. The reason of this ignorance is not hard to understand. The first thing which a boy, a girl, or even a man or woman asks about something is, "What is it?" "What is its name?" If nobody can tell them its name or even its position among and relation to .the other things about them, they soon forget and ignore it for all time to come, unless by its preying i;pon them or on their property it causes such harm or loss as to cause them to give it a name of their own. Some of their neighbors may also suffer loss or injury by the same form of life and they may give it a wholly different name. This may continue until the same thing, insect or whatsoever it be, may have half a dozen or more common names. In time, however, a scientist, or one with more knowledge of that particular group of living things, comes along and recognizes that wliat is known by one name in one place is the same thing called by another name some- where else. He assigns a technical name, provided one has not al- ready been given it by some other scientist, and shows its place among and relation to all of its kind. If he can do this in such a way that the boy or girl, or the farmer can understand, they will, in future, be able to use the right name when talking or writing aljout that particular object of nature. (2) NEED OF LITERATURE ON COLEOPTERA. 3 The name, the place which it holds among other objects of na- ture, its relation to them and through them to mankind, is there- fore the primary or essential knowledge concerning any bird, insect or plant which the true student of nature should desire. He can get the name and its place in nature only through books prepared by the scientist, and if these are lacking his study of nature is most seriously handicapped. For 25 years the collecting and study of the beetles of Indiana has been one of the hobbies to A^hieli I have given much spare time. Happiest those days in which I have wandered far and wide through field and woodland, adding here and there some specimen before un- seen, noting now and again some life habit, some food-plant or place of retreat, before unolDserved. Ever and always, however, have I felt the need of some one work to which I could refer, some manual or descriptive list by which I could locate the name and place of the specimens at hand. Since the beetles or Coleoptera form one of the most abundant and attractive groups of insects and are easily collected and preserved, they would furnish a favorite subject for study, especially in high schools, could they only be easily named and placed. But the literature through which their original de- scriptions are scattered comprises hundreds of papers and books, many of which have been out of print for years. The student, therefore, who becomes interested and attempts their study soon gives it up as a hopeless task, unless he has access for reference to some large named collection, or can secure aid from specialists in some locality where such collection is located. Having, as above stated, experienced for years the need of a descriptive work which included the species found in Indiana and adjoining States, and having possessed myself at much cost and labor with most of the scattered literature pertaining to the group, I have prepared the present paper, not for specialists in Coleoptera, but for beginners, a few of whom, I trust, may in time become enough interested to devote their lives to the ever-pleasing, health-giving and inspiring;- study of Nature. That many mistakes have crept into it there is no doubt, but it is offered as the best that I can give with the facili- ties at hand. The paper is in very great part based upon species which I have seen from Indiana. These are in my private collection, or if not there represented, are in the collections of A. B. Woleott of Chicago, R. L. Welister of Ames, Iowa, or Chas. Dury of Cincinnati, who have loaned me specimens from time to time. In a very few in- 4 COLEOPTEEA OF INDIANA. Stances, all of which are noted in the text, I have inckided well recognized species described by Thomas Say from Indiana ex- amples of which I have not seen from the State. Mr ^Say was, from ST- EU B 3 / / -;--^ ■*-,* Sketch map of Indiana, showing the life zones of (he Stale and the localities (marked by x's) in which collecting has been done. The Upper Austral life zone, represented by the Caro- linian fauna, co^'er.s the entire State, overlapping the TransitionTlife zone represented by the AHeghanian fauna in, the north and the Lower Austral life zone ,*reprcsen ted by the Austro- riparian fauna in the south. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS OF AID RECEIVED. t) 1820 to 1834, the most noted of American Entomologists, and for much of that time resided at New Harmony, Posey County, Indi- ana, where much of his writing was done and where, doubtless, most of his species mentioned as "from Indiana" were taken. From the accompanying map of the State it will be seen that the collection has been made from so many different localities as to make it a fairly representative one. Wherever a species has been taken in more than five widely separated counties they are not mentioned in detail, but the phrases "throughout the State," "throughout the northern half of the State," etc., are used. Acknowledgments. — To one situated, as I have been, far from any great reference collection, such a paper would not have been possible had it not been for the aid, usually freely given,* which I have received from noted students and specialists in Coleoptera, throughout the country. To many of these, specimens have been sent for examination, verification or naming. Those to whom espe- cial acknowledgments are due are: Chas. Dury, of Cincinnati, one of the most enthusiastic and successful of naturalists, who has col- lected beetles for 40 years, and yet seems good for 40 more. He has helped me out with many a species and his collection has added a number to my list from the State. Chas. Liebeck, of Philadelphia, compared and verified many specimens with those in the Horn collection in that city. Frederick Blanchard, of Tyngsboro, Massa- chusetts, one of the most careful and experienced of American Cole- opterists, passed the Haliplidaj in review and compared many other species with the Leconte types at Harvard. H. C. Fall and Dr. A. Fenyes, both, of Pasadena, California, are specialists, respectively, of Ptinidas and Aleocharina;, and both have given me nuich aid in those groups. Mr. Fall has also helped me with some of the Silph- idse and Staphylinidas. Chas. W. Leng of New York City has passed in review the species of Cychrus and Donacia, an..] also veri- fied numerous other species which have been sent him fro.n time to time. John B. Smith of New Brunswick, New Jersey, verified all *An exception must be made of a well known Coleopterist whose collection doubtless contains many specimens from Indiana, When I iislced the privilege of looking through it for the purpose of making notes on these, he wrote: "I Ciu not admit anyone to my collec- tions for the purpose mentioned, for my specimens are delicately mounted and in places over- crowded, and the resulting damage would be great." When also asked to verify some speci- mens of PhalacridiB, he wrote: "I am too busy to undertake the identification of small species in groups which I have monographed. I have made my descriptions clear and it seems to me that you can make the identifications with the expenditure of your ovn time. It is surely not a source of much satisfaction to me to find that a monograph, upon which I have put much time and labor, will not serve the purpose for which it was intended, i, e., to permit others to identify their material," 6 OOLEOPTEHA OF INDTAlsA. doubtful specimens of Mordellida?, of which family he has made a special study. Frederick Knab of the U. S. National Museum at Washington went over the MSS. and doubtful species of Chryso- melidse, and also compared for me many other species with the types in the museum collection. A. B. Wolcott of the Field Mu- seum of Natural History, Chicago, a specialist in Cleridse, prepared the MSS. for that family. Mr. Woleott has also collected for years in the northern part of Lake County, Indiana, especially in the sand-dune region bordering Lake IMichigan. All his Indiana ma- terial was turned over to me for examination and furnished many species which would otherwise not have been recorded from the State. J. D. Hood of Urbana, Illinois, who has made a special study of the sexual organs of Lachnosterna, passed in review my species of that genus. Chas. A. Hart of the Illinois Museum of Natural History, has kindly secured for me the loan of numerous volumes from the library of that museum. To Dr. E. A. Schwarz of Washington, D. C, and H. F. Wickham of Iowa City, Iowa, I am also indebted for favors shown. Nor must I forget the memory of Dr. P. Stein of Indianapolis, with whom I spent many an hour going over and classifying speci- mens. Dr. Stein had a large and varied assortment of beetles from different parts of the United States, a portion of which came into my hands some years after his death. The pin labels bearing the abbreviation "Ind. " were, however, few, and the dates of capture wholly lacking. For that reason very few, if any, of his specimens have been considered in the present list, though doubtless many of the unlabeled ones came from this State. Harold Morrison of Indianapolis, C. C. Deam and E. B. William- son of Bluff ton. Dr. Robert Hessler of Logansport, and Mr. and Mrs. Max Ellis of Bloomington, have, from time to time, taken and turned over to me numerous specimens, wliich have either added to the species of the collection or aided much in showing their distribu- tion within the State. RELATION OF A BEETLE TO OTHER ANIMALS. If we compare the body of a beetle with that of any vertebrate animal, as a fish, bird or squirrel, we find at once sreat and import- ant differences. The vertebrate is an animal with an inner bony skeleton, two pairs of jointed limbs or appendages, and breathes by means of lungs or gills, according as it dwells in air or water. The THE CLASSES OP AETHROPODA. 7 beetle is an animal which has no inner skeleton or bones whatever, but only a hard crust on the surface which surrounds the muscles and vital organs. This crust is composed of separate rings, placed end to end. Animals whose bodies are thus composed of rings are called Ar- ticulata. They -are in turn divided into two great groups, the Vermes and the Arthropoda. The Vermes (worms) have all the rings composing the body very nearly alike, not hardened into an outer crust or exoskeleton, and without paired limbs which are jointed. The Arthropods have a part of the rings bearing paired jointed appendages, and have the cuticle or outer surface consisting largely of a peculiar substance called ' ' chitin, ' ' which is secreted or exuded by the cells which compose the cuticle. Chitin itself is in- soluble and is not composed of cells, but consists of fine, irregular plates. It hardens the cuticle and thus aids the latter in protecting the delicate vital organs within, and also in forming a framework to which the muscles of movement may be attached. Between the joints the cuticle is devoid of chitin and is thin, delicate and flex- ible, thus allowing the necessary freedom of motion. The Arthropoda are divided into four classes, as follows : (a) Crustacea (crayfish, lobster, etc.), mostly aquatic ; having the head and thorax usually united and distinct from the abdomen ; breathing by means of gills or directly through the skin, the exo- skeleton with carbonate and phosphate of lime in addition to chitin. (&) Aritchnida (spiders, mites, etc.), terrestrial; head and thorax usually combined, and bearing four pairs of legs; breathing by means of tracheae. (c) Mijriapoda (myriapods, centipedes, etc.), terrestrial; usu- ally worm-like, with only the head distinct ; legs numerous ; breath- ing by means of trachea^. {d) Insecta (grasshoppers, flies, beetles, etc.), in great part terrestrial; legs six; adults usually Avith one or two pairs of wings; breathing by a system of tubes called trachea?, which branch and ramify through every portion of the Imdy. and which open exter- nally in about ten places on each side of the body instead of at the front end. The rings of the bddy are grouped in three regions; the head, the thorax and the ahdmven. In general it may be said that the head contains or bears the organs of sense and of pre- hension and mastication of food ; the thorax the organs of locomo- tion, and the abdomen those of reproduction. COLEOPTEEA OF INDIANA. THE EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF A BEETLE. Having thus seen that a beetle belongs to the class Insecta, it is thought best, before giving its relation to the other orders of that class, to describe brietiy the external parts of a typical specimen. The beginner may thus the more readily grasp the name and loca- tion of the parts used in classifica- tion, as well as the meaning of many of the technical terms which, of necessity, have to be used in such a paper. The three regions of the body, the head, the thorax and the abdomen, will therefore be consid- ered in order. The Head and Its Appendages. The front part of the body, the head, is composed of three or more rings or segments, completely fused or compacted into a single hard boj or cavity called the epicranium. This contains the brain and acces- sory ganglia, the mouth cavity and the muscles moving the mandibles, antennas and other sense organs borne on the outer surface. The heads of beetles vary great- ly in shape and size, and are joined by a membrane to the thorax. Usu- ally the portion behind the eyes is more or less constricted into a neck, which may be very long and nar- row, or short and partly or wholly immersed in the thorax. The up- per part of the head is divided into three regions, the back part being called the occiput, the middle part behind the eyes the vertex, while the frontal portion, as far down as a more or less prominent trans- verse suture between or in front of the antennse, is called the front. This suture is known as the elypcal or frontal suture, and its pres- ence or absence, position, depth, etc., is often used in classification. Fig. 1. Under surface and head from above of beetle (Harpalus calighiosus) show- ing the different parts. (After Smith.) MOUTH AND MOUTH PARTS OP A BEETLE. 9 Oftentimes, and especially in the ureater number of Rhyncho- phora or snout beetles (not includetl in this paper), the front is prolonged so that the distance between the eyes and mouth parts is greater in length than the rest of the head. This prolonged por- tion is called the rostrum or leak, and it usually has on each outer side a groove or serobe, varying much in length and used for the reception of the long basal joints of the antennae when in repose. In most beetles the front is short and the portion in front of the suture is called the clypeus. This varies much in form and size, being sometimes prolonged so as to extend over the mouth. When small it is by some authors called the epixtoma. Its form, texture and the character of its front margin, whether dentate, sinuate, truncate, etc., are much used in classification, especially in the fam- ily Scarabasidffi. The under surface of the head in front is variably excavated to form the mouth. The parts beneath the eyes and behind the man- dibles forming the side borders of the mouth are the gewc or cheeks. From the opening of the mouth two seams or sutures may usually be observed running backwards. These are the cjular siotures, and they often converge at middle but separate at either end. The Mouth and Mouth Parts. In front of or below the clypeus and above the mouth there is usualiy a small movable flap, called the labrum or upper lip. It is variable in form, is .joined to the clypeus and is sometimes almost or completely hidden by the latter. In the majority of Rhynchophora the labrum is entirely wanting. Immediately below the labrum are the jaws or mandibles. They also vary much in shape and size but are usually curved, often toothed on the inner side, and, in certain males, especially those of the Lucanida_^ are long and often bear prongs, thus resembling somewhat the antlers of a deer. In a number of genera, as those of some Carabidffi, the mandibles have a groove or serobe on the outer side, and this often bears a large puncture from which arises an erect seta or bristle-like hair. The mandibles of beetles are so formed and attached to the epicranium as to move only in and out or to and from a median line. They are used for prehending, cut- ting, tearing and crushing the food; also often for defense, and rarel.y as clasping organs. Their range of action is often increased by movements of the entire head, which are permitted by the loose union of the head and thorax. Attached to the sides of the head just below or behind the man- dibles is a pair of aiding or accessory jaws called maxdhr. Each 10 COLEOPTERA OF INDIANA. one consists of two basal pieces and three outer parts. The first or lower one of the former is called the cardo, and is nsed to hinge the other parts of the maxilla; to the head. The second, the slipes, is jointed to the ' ardo usually at a more or less acute angle, and forms a place of support for the outer parts. These lonsist of two lohcs and one maxillarxj palpus. The lobes vary much in form and sometimes one or the other is so small as to be indistinct. The outer one, narvoLia^^ "' the gdra, is often slender and divided into two (After Smith.) joints like a palpus. The inner lobe, known as the lacinin, is more or less jaw-like and its inner margin is armed with flexible or stitf bristles, spines or teeth which are variable in form and often used as brushes by pollen-eating beetles. The viariUarij I'dlp-us (plural palpi) arises from an upper segment of the stipes, called the palpifer. The palpi are usually 4-jointed, rarely 3- jointed (in the genus Alcochara alone 5-jointed). The joints vary greatly in size and form and are therefore much used in classifica- tion. The fourth one is most varialile, sometimes being broad and oval or subquadrate, more often triangular, or hatchet-shaped. When suddenly narrowed and more slender than the preceding, the palpi are said to be subulate or awl-shaped. The development and shape of the maxilkv of beetles, as of other insects, depend very largely upon the nature of the food, as those organs serve not only to seize and hold the food in the mouth, but also as accessory jaws, aiding the mandibles in I'endering the food more suitable for swal- lowing. Their palpi are not only organs of touch, but in many eases act as hands in prehending and carrying morsels of food to the mouth. The floor of the mouth beneath and between the maxilla^ is formed of two small pie; es called the iitfiifitni and the lahunn. The nientum is joined to the guhi or throat, which is the region behind or below the mouth, the suture between them being the mental sti- inrr. The mentum varies greatly in form and size and is often notched cr emarginate in front, with a tooth at the middle of the emargination. When deeply notched the side-pieces are called lohes. The labium is usually in front of the mentum or in the notch between the lobes; rarely it is almost entirely hidden. It is com- posed of three parts, a central piece, the ligula. and two side-pieces called the paraglossa. The labium is often wholly horn-like in tex- ture, in which case the paraglossa are not distinct. In such case the THE EYES OP A BEETLE. 11 terms liguht and Inhium are often used synonymously. However, in the descriptions which follow, the term ligula is used to designate the piece in front of the mentum bearing the labial palpi. These palpi are usually 3-jointed (in certain Staphylinids 2- or even 4- jointed). The terminal joint is often of the same form as that of the maxillary palpi, and offers in many cases important characters used in classification. Both mentum and labium form an under lip which prevents the food from falling backwards out of the mouth and, with the aid of the maxilla^ pass it forward to be crushed be- tween the mandibles, the two sets of appendages thus acting much as the tongue of vertebrates. The Eyes. The eyes of beetles vary greatly in size and shape, and each is composed of a large number of facets or simple lenses in each of which a single filament of the optic nerve ends. These lenses also vary much in size, and the terms "coarsely granulated" and "finely granulated" are used to denote this variation. In the family Gyrinidse and in the genus Oherea the eyes are wholly di- vided, two being above and two on the lower surface of the head, thus enabling the beetle to see upward and downward at the same time. In many species of Cerambycidas and other families they are often deeply notched or emarginate, either in front or on one or the other of the sides. Rarely they are wholly wanting; rarely, also, as in certain Staphylinids, there are one or two simple eyes or single lenses called ocelli located on the back part of the vertex, be- tween the compound ones. In the Cicindelida; and many of the Carabidip, the head bears, in addition to the regular pubescence, rather long, erect setae or bristle-like hairs, which arise from special punctures located above and close to the inner margin of the eyes. These are known as supraofbital setce. Tlie Antemice. The principal appendages attached to the head are the antenna'. They vary greatly in form, point of insertion, and number of joints, and these characters are much used in classi- fication. In the true Coleoptera they are inserted in front of or more rarely between the eyes, often under the side margin of the front. In the Rhynchophora they are borne upon some portion of the beak. The number of joints varies from two in Adranrs to 25 or 27 in I'rionus, the usual number being 11. The basal joints are usually less pubescent and of a firmer texture than the outer ones. In the latter the surface is usually more or less covered with minute pores which increase greatly the sensitive area. In those genera in 12 nOLKOPTEEA OF INDIANA. which the antennie end in an abrupt club the pores are confined to its surface; in most cases, however, they are generally scattered over all except the basal joints. The principal forms of antennas are as follows : (a) Filiform or thread-like, where the joints are cylindrical and the outer ones not or scarcely enlarged. (b) Setaceous or bristle-like, where the joints are gradually more slender to the tip. (c) Capillary or hair-like, where the joints are long, slender and very loosely united. ^;i3>=:^=«= s Fig. 4. 1-10, Forms of clavate antennse; 11, capillary and verticillate; 12, moniliform; 13, 14, 15, lamellate; 16, irregular. (After LeConte and Horn.) {I) Lamellate, a form of clavate antennse in which the outer joints are leaf-like plates which may be brought closely in contact, thus forming a transverse or rarely rounded club, supported at one side by the stem of the antennte. The antennffi are said to be genie tilate or elbowed when the sec- ond joint is attached to the first in such a way as to make an obtuse angle, the joints after the second following in the same line as the latter. In this form the first or basal joint is usually much longer and is called the scape. When the antenna is both geniculate and capitate, the joints between the scape and club are together called the funiele. The antennal grooves are concave, usually elongate and narrow areas on the under side of the head or presternum, in which the an- tenna* are concealed or placed in repose. When on the under side of the head they usually are close to the eye and converge on the gula. The antenna' of beetles are supposed to be primarily organs of smell, but also bear nerves of touch. In a number of species they are put to other uses; it being said that certain Cerambycids in walking along a slender twig use them as a rope-walker does his balancing pole; while those of certain aquatic forms are used in connection with respiration, and those of the male Meloe as, clasping organs. 14 OOLEOPTEEA OF INDIANA. The Thoeax and Its Appendages. The second division or middle region of the body of an insect is called the thorax and consists of three rings or segments, known respectively as the proihorax, mesothorax and metathorax. Within these rings are located the muscles moving the legs and wings, as well as some of the digestive organs, while attached to their upper surface are the wings and to the lower one the three pairs of legs. The Prothorax. In the beetles the prothorax or front ring is separated from the other two and is usually freely movable. It con- sists of a dorsal or upper surface of but one piece and a ventral or lower part of five pieces. The upper part is often called the pro- notum, but in this paper it is termed the thorax, since it is the median one of the three body parts visible from above. In the dif- ferent species of beetles it varies greatly in size and sculpture, and these variations are very extensively used in classification. The dorsal surface is called the disk, and this is usually sep- arated from the inflexed portion or flanks by a sharp edge or acute margin. The relative width and length of the disk, the form of its front and hind angles, the presence or absence of a median im- pressed line and of impressions or fovea?, the form, size and density of the punctures when present, are but a few of the many points pertaining to the thorax which are used in the description of a beetle. The Prosternuni. The central part of the under surface of the prothorax is the prosternum. It is situated in front of the coxa; of the first pair of legs and often has a process or spine which ex- tends backward between these coxas, its tip sometimes, as in the Elateridse, fitting into a notch or groove in the mesosternum. The prosternum is sometimes prolonged in front to form a prosternal lobe, which more or less conceals the mouth when the head is in re- pose. On either side of the prosternum and between its side mar- gin and the flank of the pronotum (or thorax), are one or two "side-pieces." When both pieces are present the front one is called the cpistervvDi (plural episterna), and the hind one the epimeron (plural epimera). Most frequently the sutures or seams between these pieces and also between them and the flank of the pronotum are wanting, so that the disk and flanks of thorax form one un- broken piece as far as the side of the prosternum. The sutures separating the prosternum and the side-pieces are more often pres- ent and are known as the prosternal sutiires. The cavities in which the first pair of legs are inserted are called THE FRONT COXAL CAVITIES OF A BEETLE. 15 the front coxal cavities and are either "entire" when they are en- closed behind by the junction of the prosternum and the epimera (the epistema never reaching the coxal cavities proper), or are "open behind" when a space is left protected only by a membrane. They are "separate" wlien the prosternum extends between them, or "confluent" when it is not visible between them. c. Fig. 4a. p, indicates the prosternum; cc, the coxal cavities; «, the thoracic side- pioees. In a the coxal cavities are widelj open behind and confluent; in i they are narrowly open behind and separate; in c they are closed behind and separate. (After Wickham.) The Uleso- and Metathora.r. The middle or second thoracic seg- ment is called the mesotJiora.r, and in the beetles is very closely united with the third or hindmost one, the metatlwrax. These two form the trunk or main body of the insect, and support on their un- der surface the middle and hind leg,? and on the sides above the inner wings and elytra. The upper surface of these two segments is for the most part covered by the elytra and therefore invisible. It consists of four pieces, only one of which, the sciitellu»i, a small, shield-shaped or triangular plate, is usually visible from above be- tween the bases of the elytra. The mesothorax is much reduced in size, its chief function being to support the elytra and to help keep them together by means of its scutellum. The ventral or lower portions of these segments consist of the same pieces as the prothorax, viz., the mesostrniuni with its side- pieces or episterna and epimera, and the inclasternuiii, with the same. These pieces are usuall.v distinct, except that the two of each segment are often united to form a single piece. The suture which separates the side-pieces of the mesosternum from those of the me- tasternum is always present. The form and size of these side-pieces is a character much used in classification. Tlie Witigs. The great majority of adult beetles possess two pairs of wings. The first or outer pair, known as the rhjfra (sin- gular elytron), or wing covers, are present, except in a few females of the family Lampyridfe, are horn-like in texture and vary greatly in shape and sculpture. They are attached to the mesothorax and usually cover the upper surface of the abdomen, but in many genera [2—23402] 16 COLEOPTBEA OF INDIANA. are much shorter, leaving several segments of the abdomen exposed. Almost always they fit closely together in a straight line along the middle, this line of junction being called the suture. Rarely they are somewhat separated near the tips, when they are said to be (Iclii.scent. Their outer front angle or shoulder is known as the humerus (plural humeri). As in the thorax, the sides of the elytra are often separated from the upper portion or disk by an acute margin, beneath which a portion of each elytron is inflexed. Lying next to the edge or margin is a piece of varying width and some- times extending from base to apex known as the epipleura. The en- tire inflexed portion is often, but wrongly, called the epipleura. The tips or apices of the elytra vary greatly in shape, sometimes being truncate, more often rounded and rarely ending in sharp points or even spines. Oftentimes the side margins are more or less deeply sinuate near the tips. The sculpture of the elytra is much used in classification. Very often the disk is marked with longitudinal impressed lines or fine narrow grooves called striee. An elytron so marked is said to be striate. The space between any two of these stride is termed an interval. When the strife are fine and shallow, the intervals are usually flat or nearly so ; when, deep and rather wide, the intervals are more or less convex. Very often the strias are punctate, i. e., marked by rows of punctures or impressed dots. The intervals are also often punctate or punctulate, the latter term meaning that the punctures are very fine. When the punctures are absent from stria3 or intervals they are said to be smooth or impunctate. When the punctures are not in rows but scattered here and there over the surface of the elytron they are termed irregular or confused. In addition to the ordinary punctures above noted, or often when the elytron is otherwise smooth there may be present one or more larger impressions called dorsal punctures. These are usually somewhere between the suture and the third stria, though they may be anywhere on the disk. Quite often the entire upper surface of the elytra (as well as that of either or both the head and the thorax) may be seen under a lens to be very finely reticulated or covered with minute cracks like the human skin. The surface is then said to be (dutaccous. When densely alutaceous the surface is generally more or less opaque. In addition to the forms of sculpture above mentioned the elytra may be granulate, or covered with many mi- nute elevations; tuberculate, or with fewer and larger elevations. They may also be pitted, foveate or impressed in many ways. In addition to the sculpture they, as well as other parts of the body, THE LEGS OF A BEETLE. 17 may be either sparsely, moderately or thickly clothed with hairs or pubescence, which may be prostrate, suberect or erect in position. When the pubescence is wholly absent and the surface bare they are said to be glabrous. The hind pair, known as the inner or true icings, of beetles are membranous and attached to the metathorax. They are usually so arranged as to form a joint near the apex so that the entire wing can be folded under the elytra. In some species with short \ving- covers the inner wings extend straight along the dorsal surface of the abdomen. Frequently they are abbreviated or wholly absent, in which case the metasternum is usiTally short and the elytra ilose- ly united or connate along the suture. The Legs. As already noted the three pairs of legs possessed by the mature beetle are joined respectively to the under surface of the pro-, meso- and metasterna. The first joint of each leg, or that by which it is attached, is called the coxa (plural co.ra ) . These vary much in shape and size and their form is therefore of great importance in classification, c-' The front coxal cavities are formed by the presternum and its epimera or side-pieces. The middle coxs are surrounded by the meso- and metasterna and, in some Carabida?, by the epimera of the former. The hind coxfB are placed between the metasternum and the first segment of the abdomen. At the outer end of the coxa and between it and the femur is a small piece called the trochanter. This is usually situated in the axis of the thigh and varies much in form, being more or less obliquely cut off. The first long piece of the leg is the thigh or femur (plural fonora) ; following it is the shank or tihia (plural tihia ) , the junction of the two being called the knee. Both of these may be more or less toothed or spined and the tibise usually bear at their outer or lower extremity one or two movable spines called tihial spurs. Attached to the tibiffi is the foot or tarsus (plural tarsi), consisting of from one to five pieces placed end to end, though sometimes overlap- ^^bertie, &d. ping. The number and form of these tarsal joints '(^J^^'^'^X^. ,■ varies exceedingly. The greatest number is five, and {Mai .s.p when one disappears it is usually lacking on all the ^'(^'^J^p^i^^ , tarsi. However, in one large group, the Heteromera, the front and middle tarsi each have five joints, while the hind ones tb 18 OOLEOPTEKA OF INDIANA. have but four. Sometimes the number of joints varies in the sexes of the same species. In form the tarsal joints may be slender and cylindrical, com- pressed, flattened and dilated, globular, triangular or cordiform. Frequently the next to last joint is notched or even bilobed. In some genera the under side of one or more of the joints bear mem- branous flaps called tarsal lohes. Usually, however, the under side is clothed with spines, hairs, spongy pubescence or small scales. Oftentimes the nature of this lower covering varies according to sex. The front or middle tarsi, or both, are often dilated in the male, and simple, or not dilated, in the female of the same species. The last joint of the tarsus bears two claws, often called ungues, but in this paper termed tarsal claws. They also vary much in size and shape and the character of their lower edge. They are usually free and independently movalile, but are sometimes united at base or even nearly to the tip, when they are said to be connate. Other terms applied to them are (a) simple, when they have the ordinary pointed form slightly but not suddenly broader at base; (&) diver- c/ent, when without being distant at base they diverge slightly; (c) divaricate, when they arise from opposite sides of the joint and form a right angle with it; {d) cleft, when each claw is deeply di- vided into two acute parts which may or may not be of equal length ; {e) bifid, when the tip only is divided; (/) appoidiculatc, when provided with a square dilatation at the base ; (g) toothed ur ser- rate, when they bear one or more acute teeth on the lower edge; (/(.) pcetiiinte, when the teeth are long, numerous and arranged like those of a comb; (0 chelate, when the claws are capable of being drawn back upon the last tarsal joint and thus enable the beetle to grasp more firmly small twigs or leaves. Between the claws there often occurs a small j?ad or flap which is more or less retractile, called the onijehium. One of the claws is often much smaller than the other and rarely one or even both of them are alisent. The Abdomen. The third or hindmost portion of the body is called the abdomen. It consists of nine or ten rings or segments placed end to end, the basal one being attached to the metathorax. Of these but five to seven are usually visible, the others being retracted or coalescent at base and tip. These rings are divided into two portions, the upper or dor.'ial segments more or less covered by the elytra, and the lower or ventral segments visible beneath. These dorsal and ventral seg- ments are joined by membrane along the sides above, the next to la.st THE ABDOMEN OP A BEETLE. 19 pair being usually more firmly united. On raising the elytra the number of dorsal segments visible is almost always greater than those below, and in most eases their texture is less dense and often membranous. The breathing pores or spiracles, opening into the trachea or air tubes, are located in the connecting membrane or in the upper in- flexed portion of the ventral segments; an additional spiracle is also usually located on the under side of the prothorax behind the outer limit of the eoxal cavity. The anal opening is located between the last dorsal and the last ventral and .just below it is the genital opening. Each side of this are homy valves, sometimes of very complex structure, termed the gcni/al armature. Where the dorsal segments are not covered by the elytra, the last one is called the pijgid/ium and the next to last the propijfjidiKin. The ventral segments may be either entirely free, so that the abdo- men is flexible, as in the Staphylinidu', or they may be more or less closely united so that the last one alone is movable. The cross su- tures connecting them are usually plainly visible. Both they and the dorsal segments are, however, often punctured or otherwise sculptured, and pubescent, as is also the under surface in front of the abdomen. Stridulatiitg organs, used for producing sound or sexual calls, are present in a number of species, but are much less common and more simple than in the Orthoptera. They usually consist of fine wrinkles or ridges placed side by side, and the sound is produced ))y rubbing over these some other nearby portion of the body. For the most part these ridges are located upon some one of the abdominal segments and are rubbed by either the elytra or the hind legs. The above constitute the more important external parts of a beetle, the characters of which are used in determining its name and position among the members of the order Coleoptera. As already seen, these different parts vary much in size and form, but the names above given to them apply as well to the members of one family as to those of another. Many other descriptive terms will also be found in the pages which follow, but they, for the most part, will be self-explanatory, or wi\\ be defined in the accompanying glossary. By referring to such figures as are given and by observ- ing very carefully the parts of the specimen in hand, the beginner need have but little hesitation in deciding as to whether the descrip- tion agrees with that specimen. 20 COLEOPTERA OF INDIANA. RELATIONS OF THE BEETLES OR COLEOPTERA TO OTHER INSECTS. All true insects can be separated into one of two great groups, based upon the kind of changes or transformations which they un- dergo before reaching the adult or winged stage. To one group, the Heteromctahola, belong those insects in which the metamorphosis (or changes which they undergo after hatching from the egg) is in- complete. In this group the young, when hatched, is of the same general form as the parent, but wholly wingless. As the insect grows it moults its skin a number of times and wings develop grad- ually, there being no sharp line defining the larval and pupal stages. The young of all stages are called ' ' nymphs ; ' ' they continue active and feed from the time of hatching until they reach the final moult and emerge therefrom mature or in the imago stage. Familiar ex- amples of the Heterometabola are the locust, grasshopper, katydid, dragon-fly, squash-bug and chinch-bug. The second group, the Metabola, comprises those insects which undergo what is termed a complete mctainorphasis. In this group there are four distinct stages — the egg, larval, pupal and imago — in the order named. No insect is hatched from the egg with wings, and when an insect reaches the winged stage it is adult, and never STOWS thereafter. Thus the gnats and midges are not the sons and daughters of the larger flies, but are full-grown insects of them- selves, which are undergoing the fourth or last stage of their lives. The second, the larval or worm-like stage, is the one in which the insect of this group is commonly the most injurious, for then it eats voraciously, and then is the only period of its life when it grows in size. The piirpal, or third stage, is usually a quiescent one, the in- sect eating nothing and not increasing in size, but undergoing great changes of form. Thus the homely and often repulsive grubs, mag- gots and caterpillars, which are the larval forms of the beetles, flies and butterflies, respectively-, enter the third stage as worm-like, crawling creatures, and emerge from it as beautiful winged forms, sometimes glistening and gleaming with all the colors of the rain- bow. This change of life and form is undoubtedly of great advant- age to most of this group of insects, as it tends to prevent the ex- tinction of the species ; since, if at a given moment the parents were swept out of existence, the young, living in a different station, would continue to represent the species. It is to this second group, the IMetabola, whose members undergo a complete metamorphosis, that the Coleoptera or beetles belong. THE DEFINITION OP A BEETLE. 21 From the other orders of this group (viz., the Diptera or flies, the Lcpidoptera or butterflies and moths and the Hymcnoptera or ants, bees and wasps), the Coleoptera may be known by having the front 2vings or elytra not fitted for flight, hut shell-like, reposing on the hack of the body and fitted together along the middle in a straight line or suture; inner vjings membranous and folded beneath the clijfra; mouth with mandibles; lower Up not divided along the middle. The name Coleoptera is derived from two Greek words, coleos, a sheath, and pjtcron, a wing, and refers to the shield-like covering afi'orded by the elytra. At the present time the Coleoptera are far more numerous in species than any other order of insects, about 150,000 being known and named from the different regions of the earth. Of these about 12,000 species are known from North Amer- ica. While much more numerous than the flies, bees and butter- flies, they are less often seen, as their habits are terrestrial rather than aerial in nature. THE CI.ASSIFICATION OF COLEOPTERA. As in other classes and orders of animal and plant life, the beetles or Coleoptera of North America have been carefully studied by various students, and to each species has been given a specific Latin name. Each species has also been assigned to a certain genus, or group of species agreeing in some one character or series of char- acters, which also bears a Latin name. These two Latin names com- bined, followed by the name or abbreviation of the person who first recognized the beetle as an undescribed form and gave it a specific name, comprise the name by which the beetle is or should be known whenever it is spoken or written about. For example : one of our common June beetles was first described in 1844. by Dr. F. E. I\relsheinier, under the name nigosa. Hnwever, he assigned it to the genus A)ic]jlo}njclia of Dejean. If it had been left in that genus its name for all time should have been written AncyJoinjchn nigosii I\lelsh. However, later ^mters have found that this species, to- gether Avith a large number of others, belong to a group whose com- mon characters were first pointed out by Eev. F. W. Hope in 1837. To this group Hope gave the generic name Lachnostermi, so that the name of the beetle described by Melsheimer is now recognized as Lachnosterna rugosa Melsh. The genus, or generic name to which any species is assigned is largely a matter of opinion, but the specific name, if not before used for a member of that genus, is final unless 22 COLEOPTEEA OF INDIANA. changed for some good reason by the describer himself. Of course it often happens that the author of a supposed new species is wrong in his conclusions, and that it has been described before under an- other name not recognized by him. In such a case his name is but a synonym and has no scientific standing. In the name Lachnosterna rugosa the specific name rugosa cor- responds to the given name as "John" or "James," and the generic term Lachnosterna to the sur- or family name, as "Smith" or "Jones." The name given the beetle is therefore of the same na- ture as that given a man, but is in Latin and is written backward, as Smith John. There may be any number of species of Lachno- slcrna, but there can only be one of them named rugosa. The gen- eric name is always begun with a capital letter and the specific name with a small letter, this being the common usage among zoolo- gists in general. The generic and specific names usually have some well-defined meaning, "Laclinosterna" in the case mentioned, being derived from two Greek words meaning ' ' wool -i- breast, ' ' as most species of that genus have the sternum or breast more or less covered with wool-like hairs. The specific name rugosa means "rough," and was given the beetle on account of the wrinkles on the elytra. After the generic headings in the pages which follow, the date on which the genus was first proposed by its author, and the derivation or mean- ing of the generic name is, in most instances, given. A group of genera, having certain characters in common, com- prises a "tribe" or "subfamily," and these in turn are merged into larger assemblages called families. Our beetles are so little known that as yet but few of them have common names. When such a name is well established it is mentioned in connection with the spe- cific description. However, the species of each family have usually one or more common names which are applied to them collectively, as "tiger beetles" for the CicindelidiB, and tliese names are always given under the family heading. Keys of the Catalogue. In order that the student may deter- mine the more readily the scientific name for himself, "keys" or "tables of determination" are made an important part of the work. These are, when necessary, for families, subfamilies, tribes, genera and species in the order named. When there are but two species belonging to a genus the specific key is usually omitted. These keys contain, for the most part, a few of the more salient or easily recog- nized characters separating the genera or species. In most in- stances, to avoid repetition, these characters are not again given in THE MEASUREMI5NTS OF A BEETLE. 23 the brief descriptions which follow, and the keys should, therefore, ahvnys he used in connection with the descriptions. It is also im- portant to bear in mind that the characters used and statements made, both in the keys and descriptions, are to be considered as ap- plying only to the species of the Indiana fauna or those of adjoin- ing States. They may be, and in general are, capable of much wider application, but it is not safe to assume that such is the case. In the "keys to genera" are included the characters leading up to the names of those genera which, from their known representa- tion in adjoining States, are probably represented in Indiana, even though no species belonging to them has as yet been taken. The same is often true of the "keys to species." Many species are therein included, but not thereafter described, whose known range is such that it is very probable that they occur in some part of the State. The future collector or student will therefore be able to identify almost any species which may come to hand from Indiana or adjoining territory. The number in parenthesis before the name of each species is that of the Henshaw "List of the Coleoptera of America north of Mexico," or the Third Supplement to the same. The dates given after the description of each species are only the earliest and latest at which the species has been noted in the State and do not, therefore, necessarily show the actual time of appearance or disappearance. The asterisk (*) preceding the name of a species indicates that the species was taken in the winter sea- son in Vigo County, and was mentioned- specifically in my "Notes on the Winter Insects of Vigo County, Indiana," published in Psyche, vol. VII, 1895-96. Measurements. — Since the beetles are mostly of small size, the unit of measurement used in the descriptions is the millimetre (mm.) which = .0394, or a httle more than -]t of an inch. The smaller cUvisions of the accompanying scale (Fig. 5a) show, as ac- lllllllll llllll llllllll imili 3 4 Fig, 5.a. llllll lllllll lllllll curately as can be represented, the length of a millimetre. For all practical purposes it may be remembered that 2.5 mm. = -fV inch; 3 mm. =i -Finch; 4 mm. - i-f- inch; 5 mm. =i inch; 7.5 mm. = -,1-inch- 10 mm. = finch; 12.5 mm. = i inch; 15 mm. = finch; 17.5 24 COLEOPTEEA OF INDIANA. mm. = fo inch; 20 mm. - finch. The divisions of the scale sepa- rated by the longer lines 1, 2, 3, etc., are centimetres. Bibliography and Synonymy. The titles, with names of the authors, of the principal papers used in the preparation of the "Descriptive Catalogue" are given under each family, tribe or genus. These papers have been used freely, but in general no credit has been given them. This was not from a lack of a sense of ' ' justice due, ' ' but solely in order to save space. Wherever possible the species in hand has been studied in connection with the original description and the citation given after the name of each species is to that description alone. However, in the case of species described by Thomas Say, the citation is not only to the place of original description, but after the term "ibid," to the volume and page of the Leconte edition of Say 's works, which is the one in common use. Aside from the papers mentioned in the body of the work there is one to which especial tribute should be paid, and without which the preparation of this or any other paper dealing with the ma- jority of families and genera of North American Coleoptera would be practically impossible. This sine qua non is Leconte and Horn's "Classification of the Coleoptera of North America," published in 1883 as No. 507 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. It is a veritable storehouse of knowledge, which is a lasting monument to the fame of the two greatest Coleopterists which this country ever had or probably ever will have. From it have been taken the main facts used in characterizing the families and most of the genera represented in Indiana. The only fault to find with the "Classifi- cation" is its extensive use of technical language, which renders it a kind of "bug-bear" to beginners. This I have tried to remedy by simplifying, in many instances, the terms there used, even at the expense of space which could be ill spared. In addition to the "Classification," LeBaron's "Fourth Annual Report on the Noxious and Beneficial Insects of Illinois," Corn- stock's "Manual for the Study of Insects," and Sharp's "Insects- Part II, ' ' have been tlie general works most used. THE CLASSIFICATION OP BEETLES. 25 A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OP THE COLEOPTERA (Exclusive of the Rhynci-iophora.) KNOWN TO OCCUR IN INDIANA. The insects of the Order Coleoptera, sufficiently defined on a preceding page, are separated into two suborders as follows : KEY TO SUBORDERS OF COLEOPTERA. a. Mduth parts normal, rarely unfit for use, never aeparting from the ordinary type ; palpi always flexible, maxillary usually four-jointecl, labial three-jointed ; gular sutures double, at least before and behind ; prosternal sutures distinct. Suborder I. Coleoptera (genuina). aa. Head more or less prolonged in front to form a beak; palpi usually rigid and not evident ; gula not evident ; prosternal sutures wanting. Suborder II. Rhynchophora. On account of a lack of time and space, the Rhynchophora of the State are not treated in the present paper. A large collection of them is, however, at hand, and they will, if circumstances allow, be catalogued and described in a future treatise. Suborder I. COLEOPTERA (genuina.) This suborder is divided into the following series or groups of families : key to series op coleoptera (genuina). a. Hind tarsi (except in a few Clavieornia) with the same number of joints at least as the others. h. Fourth and fifth tarsal joints not united, the fifth, when present, always distinct. c. First three ventral segments united, the first divided by the hind coxal cavities so that the sides are separated from the very small median portion ; all the tarsi five-jointed ; antennje fili- form or nearly so ; habits mostly predaceous. Series I. Adephaga, p. 20. (■(■. First ventral segment visible for its entire breadth (except in Rhyssodldse). d. Antenna with the terminal joints not lamellate or leaf-like and capable of separation. e. Antennae clavate or capitate, very rarely serrate; species liv- ing for the most part in decaying animal and vegetable matter. Series II. Clavicornia, p. 242. cc. Antennffi with joints from the third onward more or less ser- rate or saw-toothed, very rarely clavate or capitate; food variable, but rarely decaying animal matter. Series III. Serricornia, p. G86. 26 COLEOPTEBA OF INDIANA. d(l. Antennae with the terminal joints forming a lamellate club com- posed of movable plates or leaves, capable of separation and usually of accurate apposition; legs more or less fossorial; tarsi five-jointed; food variable, either decaying wood, dung, carrion or foliage. Series IV. Lamelijcoenia, p. 903. 66. Fourth and fifth tarsal joints firmly united, the fourth joint very small, the tarsi therefore appearing but four-jointed ; sole usually densely pubescent; antenna filiform, rarely serrate or thickened towards tip ; leaf -eaters or wood-borers. Series V. Phytophaga, p. 1005. aa. Front and middle tarsi five-jointed, hind tarsi four-jointed, the joints usually slender and bare or at most sparsely haired or spinose; other characters and food habits very variable. Series VI. I-Ietebomeba. p. 1242. Series I. ADEPHAGA. The members of this series always have the mouth parts highly developed, the outer lobe of the maxillse being nearly always di- vided into a two-jointed palpus, so that there appear to be six palpi. Abdomen with the exposed segments one more in number at the sides than along the middle, the number usually being five along the middle and six at each side. They are for the most part active, pre- daceous and carnivorous in habit. Five of the seven families com- prising the series are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA FAMILIES OF ADEPHAGA. a. Terrestrial species; antennfe with at least the six outer joints pubes- cent ; metasternum with an antecoxal jiiece, separated by a well marked suture, reaching from one side to the other and extending in a triangular process between the hind eoxje. 6. Antennae inserted on the front above the base of the mandibles; inner lobe of the maxillae ending in a movable hook; eyes large and prominent; head vertical, wider than thorax. Family I. Cicindeud.e. p. 27. 66. Antennas arising from the side of the head between the base of the mandibles and the eyes; inner lobe of maxillae not ending in a movable hook; eyes usually of moderate size; head horizontal or slightly inclined, usually narrower than thorax. Family II. Cababid/E, p. 36. iia. Aquatic species; antennas destitute of pubescence; metasternum (ex- cept in Haliplidae) without an antecoxal piece but prolonged behind in a triangular process, c. Eyes .two ; antenna; slender and filiform or setaceous ; abdomen with six segments. (/. Antennae ten-jointed; hind coxae prolonged as large plates cover- ing the femora and a large part of the abdomen ; hind legs not formed for swimming. Family III. Halipuu.e, p. 200. THE TIGER BEETLES. 27 chl. Antenuip eleven-jointed; hind coxal plates not covering the fe- mora ; hind legs with fringes of long hairs, usually compressed and formed for vigorous svrlmmlng. Family IV. Dytisoid.e. p. 204. cc. Eyes four; antennse Irregular, very short; abdomen with seven segments ; middle and hind legs forming short, broad paddles. Family V. Gykinid^, p. 236. Family I. CICINDELID^. The Tiger Beetles. To this family belong those oblong, predaeeous ground beetles which occur for the most part along sandy banks of streams, road- ways and woodland paths. They are among the most handsome and agile of our beetles, the legs being slender and adapted to running. Most of the species possess inner wings and when pursued they often run swiftly for several feet, then take a quick flight, but usu- ally alight several rods in advance of where they were flushed. Upon alighting they visually turn so as to face the pursuer. The antenna3 are 11-jointed, filiform and slender, inserted on the front above the base of the mandibles, which are long and sharply toothed; terminal hook of the maxillse movable; eyes prominent ; tarsi all 5-jointed ; hind coxaj mobile and simple. The name of the principal genus, Cicindela, is derived from the Latin candela, a candle or taper, and was applied by the ancients to the glowworm. The common name, tiger beetle, portrays well the habits of the mature insect, which is ever eager to seize upon some weaker form of life which will serve it as prey. The name is also suggestive of the stripes or spots with which the elytra of many of the species are marked. The males may be known by their hav- ing the sixth ventral segment broadly notched, so as to expose a sev- enth segment, which is invisible in the female ; and by having the first three joints of the front tarsi dilated and densely pubescent on the under side. The larvse of the tiger beetle are whitish grubs, with large, flat, metallic colored heads and long toothed mandibles. They live in vertical burrows in sandy banks, beaten paths and dry plowed fields. These burrows are often a foot or more in depth, and in their upper portion the larva props itself so that the head serves as a plug or stopper for the hole. The prop with which it holds itself in place is a hump on the fifth segment of the abdomen, to which are 28 FAMILY I. — CICTNDELIDiE. attached two hooks. These are curved in such a way as to prevent the larva from being jerked out of the burrow when it happens to "catch a tartar" in the form of some larger or stronger insect than itself. (Fig. 6.) While waiting for prey its jaws, like those of a steel trap when set, are v/ide open, ready to seize the first unwary insect that walks Fig. 6. over the living trap. It drags its victim, when captured, Comstock) to the bottom of the burrow and there devours it at leisure, squeezing out the juice aud softer parts and rejecting the hard and innutritious portions. The principal works of reference on the family are as follows : LeConte. — "Revision oE the Cicindelidffi, " in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, XI, 1857, 27-63. Schaupp. — "Revision of the Cicindelidse, " in Bull. Brook. Bnt. Soc, VI, 1883-84, 73-108 ; 121-126, Pis. I-V. Leng. — "Revision of the Cieindelidse of Boreal America," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XXVIII, 1902, 93-186, Pis. I-IV. About 1,400 species of Cicindelidas are known, 93 species and numerous varieties of which have been described from the United States. These belong to five different genera, only two of which are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENEBA OF CICINDEUD^. a. Third joint of maxillary palpi longer than the fourth. I. Tetbacha. aa. Third joint of maxillary palpi shorter than the fourth. II. Cicindela. I. Tetracha Hope. 1837. (Gr., "in four parts.") This genus is represented in the southern portion of the United States by two rather large metallic green species which are noc- turnal in habit, hiding during the day and hunting by night. One of the two occurs in the southern third of Indiana, while the other has been found in southern Illinois and should be looked for in the southwestern counties of this State. They have the head large, with large circular eyes: mandibles with four teeth; thorax smooth, broader than long, with a large triangular impression at middle ; elytra slightly convex, broader than base of thorax, deeply and coarsely punctate. THE TIGER BEETLES. 29 1 (13). Teteacha virginica Linn., Syst. Nat., II, 1735, 567. Dark gold green; elytra blackish at middle, their sides with a broad metallic green stripe; antennae, legs and last ventral segment dull brownish-yellow. Length 20-24 mm. (Fig. T.) Vigo, Knox, Crawford and Posey counties; frequent. June 30-September 25. Probably oc- curs in most of the counties covered by the Au- stroriparian fauna. It is found beneath stones, ^'«- ''■ wheat shocks and other hiding places, especially along and near streams, and is often attracted by electric and other lights. The other species, T. Carolina Linn., is slightly larger and of a lighter green hue, with the apical portion of the elytra, legs and antenna; yellow. II. CiciNDELA Linn. 1735. (L., "a candle or taper.") This genus is represented in the United States by 75 or more species and many varieties. In shape they are very uniform, but differ much in size and color, and have the head large, with promi- nent eyes; thorax varying from cylindrical to a flattened trape- zoidal form and narrower than head; elytra usually quite convex and subparallel at the sides with the tips usually rounded, emar- ginate in one group. Unlike most other members of the family the species of Cicin- dela are diurnal in habit, hiding by night and on cloudy or rainy days in holes dug in the sand, or beneath bark, chips, stones and rubbish. On bright sunny days, however, they are out in numbers, frequenting those haunts for wliich nature has fitted them. Here, as long as motionless, their hues blend with their surroundings in such a manner as to render them unnoticeable to higher forms. It is very probable that several species which occur in early spring hibernate in the perfect or imago stage. A number of them are double brooded. Fifteen members of the genus have been taken in Indiana, while two others may occur. These may be distinguished one from an- other by the following table. Since in it numerous references are made to the white markings on the elytra, the following explana- tory terms regarding them are given: 30 FAMILY I. — CICJNDBIjIDiE. When the markings are in bands, as in Fig. 8: (C repanda.) 1 = humeral lunule. 2 =: marginal line. 3 = middle band. 4 = apical lunule. "When the markings are in dots as in Fig. 9 : 5 (See fig. 23) = basal dot. 6 = humeral dot. 7 = posthumeral dot. 8 = marginal dot. 9 =r supplementary dot. 10 = diseal dot. 11 = anteapical dot. 12 = apical dot. When these markings are of the style shown in figure (C hirii- colis) they are said to be complete; when lacking in part or broken up into dots, they are called incomiplete. Fig. s. Fig. 9. (After Leng.) KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CICINDELA. (/. Under side of abdomen metallic blue or green. /). Tborax more or less flattened, its sides margined. c. Abdomen not hairy; front of head flat; elytra flattened and with a white marginal dot. 2. unipunctata. CG. Abdomen sparsely hairy ; front concave ; elytra with a vague de- pression on basal third, dull brown or black with humeral, posthumeral and anteapical dots and narrow middle band. LONGILABBIS. bh. Thorax convex, not margined; elytra convex. (/. Pubescence beneath either erect or lacking ; outer margin of ely- tra in female not angulate. e. Thorax much narrowed behind; markings incomplete, reduced to dots or spots ; colors usually bright. /. Elytra without well defined median band. (j. Thorax quadrate; elytra green or puri>le; markings dis- tinct. li. Elytra smooth or nearly so; apical lunule and one or more marginal spots present ; color purplish bronze. 3. UDCONTEI. hli. Elytra distinctly punctured; markings reduced to small smooth. 4_ SEXGUTTATA. pg. Thorax subcylindrical ; elytra black or dark bronze; mark- ings very indistinct. 13. pdnctulata. ft. Elytra with well defined median band. i. Color either bright or bluish-green; front of head smooth. 5. PATRUELA. THE TIGER BEETLES. 31 ('. Color coppery or purplish-greeu ; front of head hairy; elytra grannlate-punetate. 6. purpdeea. < c. Thorax slightly or not at all narrowed behind ; markings com- plete or nearly so ; colors usually dull. J- Elytral markings quite broad, connected at margin ; humeral lunule obliquely prolonged backward ; labrum three-toothed ; larger, 16-18 mm. 7. genebosa. ././. Elytral markings narrower, less prominent, complete or in- complete, not wholly connected at margin. k. Humeral lunule obliquely prolonged backward; middle band not extended along the margin. 8. vulgabis. kk. Humeral lunule C-shaped, not prolonged backward; mid- dle band (except in 12-giitt-ex. granulate-punctate. Length 10-14 mm. ( Figs. 12 and Iti ) Throughout the State; frequent. April 9-September 15; One of the most attractive of our tiger beetles. It is ^s-"- found most frequently along pathways in open woodlands; '■^"'"■^"^•' also often on logs, beneath the loose bark of which it hides by night and in cloudy weather. It has been noted on the cement sidewalks near the center of Indianapolis. 5 (24b). ClCINDET.A PATRl-EI.A Dcj., Resembles ftc.rf/iittata I)ut nsua dian band and often the humeral lunule (lots more distinct. Under side much mire hairy, the cn.xa terna being especially pilose. Length 12-14.5 mm. Spec. 1, lS2."'i. (i2. ly larger and somewhat darker. Me- rompiete; ;i|iieal and anteaiiiral pro- and metas- THE TIGER BEETLES. 33 Lake and Lawrence coiinties ; rare. May 7-July 27. Occurs in shaded pathways on high, dry hills. Usually placed as a variety of sexguttata, but Leng considers them distinct. <1 (25). ClCI?iDELA Pl-RPUBEA Oliv.. Ellt., II. 1794, 14. Reddish cupreous, margins and suture of elytra green; mark- ings consisting of a narrow oblique middle band, an apical dot and sometimes an anteapical and humeral dot. Thorax deeply impressed, granulate and rugose. Length 14-16 mm. (Figs. 13 and 17.) This handsome beetle has so far been noted only in southern Indiana, where it has been taken in a half dozen ^«-i''' (After Leng.) or more counties. However, it probably occurs through- out the State, as its general range includes the entire United States. It frequents the grassy margins of roads and meadow pathways. Double brooded and probably hibernates. April 23-October 15. The variety linibalis Klug., in wliich the middle band is long and sinuate and with humeral, posthumeral, apical and anteapical dots usually present, probabl.y occurs sparingly in the State, its range being given as "Maine to Colorado and Kansas." 7 (26a). ClCINDELA FORMOSA GENEROK.V De,1., Spec. T, is;',1, 1231. Dull reddish cupreous or brow-nish-bronzed ; white markings wide, prominent and connected on margin, the middle band beut backward, then forward and almost reaching the suture. Thorax liroader than long, granu- late, very hairy on the flanks. Length Ki-lS mm. (Fig. 14.) This eastern form of Say's formosa has been taken only in Lake, Porter, Laporte, Vigo, Perry and Posey counties, where it occurs in numbers on bare sandy spots and along sandy roads. May 13-Oc- tober 1. It is more wary and difficult to capture than most of its kind and wlien flushed often makes a prolonged flight. Gcnerosa and unipuHctata are the largest of our tiger beetles, and the former will probal)l\' lie found over most of the sand covered areas of the State. __X. s C!:!). CiciNDEi^i vuf.fiAUis Sa,v, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, I, ISlS, ^H 409; ibid. 11, Vl'l. JB Brownisii-bronze abnvc, dark green beneath; elylral markings ■ffl ceiisi.stiug of humeral lunule ohlic|uely prcjlouged ; a middle band vB ^ but slightly expanded on margin, entering (ibli(iuely and bent at Fig. IS. an olitn.se angle, and an apicil lunule. Length I.VIO mm. (Figs. (After Leng.) 1.5 anil IS.) 34 FAMILY I. — CICINDELID.E. Thi'ougliout the State; cominon. April 2-(_)r1(il)(ir 'J. Occurs usually on sandy or mud flats, 20 and more feet back from running water; also along sandy roads or on bare spots and pathways in open upland woods. One specimen was taken April 3d on a cement walk in Indianapolis. /■x^ (31). CiciNDELA ANCociscoNBNSis Harr., Family Visitor, 1853, Mm No. 3, p. 2. HI Brown-bronzed above, bright metallic green beneath ; humeral li^V lunule scarcely curved; middle band obtusely bent and extended |fl| along the margin toward the apex ; apical lunule bent forward ^1 and inward. Front hairy ; thorax subquadrate ; elytra granulate- ^ punctate. Length 14^16 mm. (Fig. 19.) Fig. 19. (AfterLeng.) Fulton County ; scarce. July 14. Taken in small numbers along the borders of Bruce Lake and along ditches in peat bogs and tamarack swamps. Probably occurs sparingly in like situations throughout the northern third of the State, its range being given as "New Hampshire to Illinois." 10 (33). CiciNDELA REPANDA Dej., Spec, I, 1825, 74. Brownish-bronze with a more or less greenish or coppery re- flection; humeral lunule 0-shaped; middle band rectangularly bent, connected with a marginal white line which nearly but never quite reaches the apical and humeral lunules. Front sparingly hairy. Thorax nearly square, hairy on the sides. Elytra granu- /^j'^^^'j^" % late-punctate, parallel in the male, suddenly dilated before the middle in the female. Length 12-13 mm. (Fig. 20.) Throughout the State ; frequent. April 18-October 5. Occurs most abundantly on sand banks and gravel bars; also along the borders of roads, fields and railway tracks. gn (33c). CiciNDELA 12-GU'rrATA Dej., Spec, I, 1825, 73. Brownish-bronze ; elytral markings consisting of humeral, post- humeral, apical, anteapical and upper discal dots and a very nar- row middle band, scarcely reaching the discal dot. ITrom rcpamhi of which it is usually considered a variety, it differs also "by the more flattened form, by the shorter and less convex thorax and Fig. 21. by the elytra of the female being only gradually dilated." (AfterLeng.) (L eras'.) Length 12-15 mm. (Fig. 21.) Lake, Starke, Pulton, Vigo and Posey counties. May 27-Ootober 10. Occurs sparingly only aloii-- the margins of ditches in peat bogs and low, moist grounds. THE TIGER BEETLES. 35 12 (.'!")). CiciNDELA HiRTicoLLis Say. Ti-iins. Amer. Phil. Soc. I. 1S18, 411; ibid. II, 2. Brown bronze above; beneatli liroeii, very hairy; huuieral lunule bent npward at its hind extremity anci connected by a marginal line with middle band, the marginal line usually broken before the apical lunule. Front hairy. Thorax quadrate, flat, very hairy. Elytra granulate-punctate, suddenly dilated l)efore the middle in both sexes. Length 13-14 mm. (Figs. 15a and 22.) Fig. 22. Abundant along the shore of Lake Michigan and on the (AfterLeng.) sand dunes back from the lake; also found on the sandy beaches of other large lakes in northern Indiana. Hay 13-Sept. 5. 13 (40). CicmDELA PUNCTUL.VTA OHv., Ent. II, 1704, 27. Slender, subcylindrical. Black, dark brown or greenish-bronzed above; greenish-blue beneath; the whitish markings, except the apical lunule, usually reduced to one or two minute dots, with rarely a broken humeral lunule and interrupted middle band present. Front without hairs. Thorax sparsely hairy, very finely granulate. Elytra densely punctured, each with a row of larger green punctures near the suture. Length 11-14 mm. Throughout the State ; one of the most common and widely dis- tributed of tiger beetles. Often found about electric lights and on the walks of the cities ; also along dry upland roads and especially pathways in open woods. May 25-November 4. 14 (45). CiciNDELA OXJPEASCENS Lec, Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1852, 65. Cupreous or greenish-bronzed above; markings complete and connected along the marginal line. Front hairy. Thorax flat- tened, nearly quadrate, slightly rounded at sides, thinly clothed with white hairs. Outer margin of male elytron slightly sinuate; of female elytron strongly sinuate with a tooth one-fourth from the tip. Length 12-14 mm. (Fig. 23.). (Aftp^Ung ) Frequent along the sandy beach of Lake Michigan, near Pine, Lake County and Dune Park, Porter County; also a single example from a sand bar in Putnam County. Probably wide- ly distributed in the State. Julj^ 5-September 1. Those found along the beach of Lake Michigan are more slender, less strongly punctured and with the marginal tooth of the female elytron more obtuse than in the Putnam County form. They are to be referred to the variety macra Lec. 15 (55). CiciNDELA LEPiDA Doj., Spec. V, 1831, 255. Flat and broad. Head and thorax greenish-bronze, hairy; elytra white with a few green or bronze dark lines; under sur- face densely clothed with white hair. Elytra sinuate at apex, ,.J'^'^*' more deeply so in female. Length 9-12 mm. (Fig. 24.) ""^ "*' Taken in the State only on the bare white sand along the beach of Lake iMicbigan near Pine, Lake County, and Dune Park, Porter S.I ifj FAMILV n. — CARABIDiE. CoiintT. .June 27-Sppteinber 5. As its color harmonizes so closely with that of its resting place, it must be marked down and then kept in view until cldst- enough to capture with the net. It is said to fly to electric light. li; (f>4i. I icixDEuv BunvEXTBis Dej.. Siiec., I. iSiri. 102. mB Dark smoky brown, bronzed above: bluisli-tTeen beneath, ab- ^H il men I'ed : elytial markiuirs consisti];? of apical lunule and ^H humeral, posthiuneral. marginal and two di.?oal dot< : the latter ■H ?i metimes wanting, sometimes united to form a short. e hairs each siile. Elytra faintly punctate. Lenzth afterLeng.),,_-,o „„j. , Fig. i.j. I This species has so far been taken in Indiana only on bare spots en the sl'ipes and tops of high hills near Wyandotte Cave. Craw- ford County. Here it is cpite common from June 15 to Septem- ber, and can be readily approached and easily taken with a net. It probably imvcius in like situations in many localities in the siiuthem third of the State. Cicinclela inarginipfnnis De.i. has been taken by Duiy on a sand bar of the Little iliami Kiver near Batavia Junction. Ohio. May 17. It therefore very probably occurs alone the streams of the southeastern portion of Indiana. Family II. ( ARABID.i:. The Ground Beetles. This family has more repn-sentatives in Indiana than any other family of Coleoptera. Its members are to be looked for anywhere (in or clrse til the trroiuid. where by day they usually hide beneath whatever cover presents itself. At night they roam about in eager search for anything which will furnish food. All the speiies have liijitr legs and run with great rapidity. V>'hile the inner wines are present in must forms, they seldom attempt to eseape by flieht: though some of the smaller nies ai-e seen flyine in numbers during the first warm days of spring or about electric lights during summer evenines. The principal characters of the family may be briefly diaeiiiised as follows: Head narrower than thora.x, direc-ted forward ; mentum deeply emareiuate; maxilkv with the outer b>be destitute of a movable hook at the tip: antennn ll-jointed. filiform, inserted under a frontal ridge h-hind the base of the nuindililis. the joints (except THE GROUND BEETLES. 37 the basal ones) covered with a minute pubescence ; epimera and epi- sterna of thorax distinct; abdomen with six, rarely {Bmchiniiii) with seven ventral segments, the first visible only at the sides ; legs slender, the hind ones not very different from the middle pair; front and middle coxa^ globular, hind coxie dilated on the inner side; tarsi 5-jointed. The majority of the species of Carabidaj are predaceous and beneficial, feeding in part upon the larva^, and mature forms of other insects ; their mouth parts being excellently adapted to catch- ing and masticating such food. Dr. S. A. Forbes examined 175 specimens representing 38 speties and 120 genera. Of these 83 speci- mens, obtained in miscellaneous situations, had derived 42 per cent, of their food from the animal kingdom, while of 70 specimens taken in an orchard where canker-worms were abundant, 77 per cent, of their food was of animal origin, 21 per cent, being canker-worms. Of the 175 specimens examined, 57 per cent, of the food was of ani- mal origin, 36 per cent, being composed of the remains of insects; the other 21 per cent, bein.tc made up of moUusks, earthworms, myra- pods and arachnida?. The vegetable matter eaten was composed of the remains of cryptogamic plants and the pollen of grasses and Oompositffi.* A few members, especially those belonging to the genera Tlar- pahts, Auisodactijlus and Avtara, are seed eaters and probably do more damage than good; while the larvaj of Ouiophron and some of the species of Clivina have been known to be quite destructive to the soft sprouting grains of corn. However, on account of their great numbers and predaceous habits, both in the larval and perfect stages, our Carabidaj doubtless play an important part in holding in check the excessive multiplication of other and more injurious in- sect forms. The larva' of the Carabida- are mostly long, flattened grubs, with the body of nearly equal breadth throughout. They have sharp projecting mandibles and the hind end of the bodv benrs a pair of conical bristly apjiendages. Like the adults they are predaceous, living in burrows just beneath the surface of the ground, and feed- ing up'iii the soft bodied larva- of many leaf eating insects which enter the ground to transform. When fullv grown they change to nupa^ under s'l'^uttd in small earthen cells which thev form for this- purpose. When readv to emei'ue as imagoes, the color changes •"The Food Relations of the Cxrabidte and Coccinellidte," in Bull. No, 6, 111, Lab. Nat, Hist, 1883, S 3S FAMILY II. CAEABIDJ:. from almost \yhite to that of the perfect insect, and leaving the old pupal skin behind the young beetle crawls forth to the shelter of some object which will protect it by day. while at night it roams freely in search of food or a mate with which to perpetuate its kind. About 13.000 species of Carabida? are known, more than 1.200 of which have been described from the different parts of the United States. Of these 366 representing 73 genera have, up to the pres- ent, been taken in Indiana. The principal papers treating of each genus will be mentioned under the tribal or generic heading. For a general classification of the family the student is referred to the fol- lowing papers: LiConie. — "Xotrs on the ('las.-sification of the rarabida of the United States."' in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. X, 1>.33. 363-403. Horn. — "On the Genera nf Carabidfe with special reference to the fauna of Boreal America." in Trans. Amer. Ent. Sot-.. IX. ISSl. pp. 91-196. pis. III-X. By Dr. Horn the Carabida^ were divided into three subfamilies, two of which are represented in Indiana. '■^'*— - — ^' KEY TO i:^Di,\x.\. si'i;families of carabidj:. (7. Middle coxal cavities not entirely enclosed by the sterna alone, the epimeron of the mesostemuni reaching the coxa on the outer side. (Fiir. 20.) Subfamily I. Carabix^. p. SS. 00. Middle coxal cavities entirely enclosed by the sterna, Fjg, 26. the epimeron not reaching the coxa : head without (Aftei Leng.) antennal grooves beneath and with one or more 1. Coxal cavities; 2. distinct bristlv hairs ab,>ve the eves. Epimeron; 3. Mesostema; . 4. Melastema. Subfamily IT. Harpat.ix.e. p. 1,3. Subfamily I. CARABINAE. In this subfamily the epimera of the mesosternum nearly equal the epistema in size and reach the coxal cavities, forming a part of their enclosing walls. The head has one or two large punctures above each eye. each bearing a bristly hair; sides of thorax usually with two similar punctures. Front tibite either entire, obliquely grooved or emarginate. The subfamily is divided into 15 tribes, of which hut six are represented in Indian n. KKV TO INDIAN.^ TRlllKS (IK CARAI'l N .!■:. a. Fruut coxal cavities oprii lieliind. h, Iliud rox;e separated: labrum ilt't'ply forked. Tribe 11. Cychbini, p. 41, THE GROUND BEETLES. 39 liT). Hind coxoe not separated ; labi'um nut forked. c. JViandibles without a bristle-beariiii? puncture on the outer side; size large, IS or more mm. Tribe III. Carabini, p. 44. CO. Mandibles each with a bristlf-bearing puncture on the outer side ; smaller, not over 12 mm. ■ Tribe V. Nebriini, p. 50. (/('. Front coxal cavities closed behind. (/. Prosternum prolonged and dilated, entirely concealing the meso- sternuni ; scutellum invisible. Tribe I. Omopheonini, p. ".'.i. dd. Prosternum not concealing the mesostenuun. e. Antennse free at base ; body not pedunculate, the bases of thorax and elytra in contact ; scutellum visible. Tribe IV. Blaphrini, p. 48. ee. Antennae arising under a frontal plate ; body pedunculate, the bases of thorax and elytra remote ; scutellum not visible ; hind coxaj contiguous. Tribe VI. Scaritini, p. 53. Tribe I. OMOPHRONINI. AntenDEB slender, inserted under a slight frontal margin, four basal joints glabrous ; mandibles with a bristle-bearing puncture on outer side ; second joint of labial palpi with several sette or bristle- like hairs; body not pedunculate; mesosternum covered by the prolonged prosternum. The tribe is represented by the single genus : I. Omophron Latr. 1802 (Gr., "savage-like.") Form oval, convex; scutellum invisible. The species occupy holes in wet sand along the margins of streams, ponds and lakes. They are also often found under stones or in holes between the roots of plants along the water's edge, and are frequently caught in minnow seines. By throvdng water over the sand banks they can be forced out and are then easily captured, as they do not fly. For detailed papers on the genus .see : Horn. — "Synopsis of O ra phron," in Trans, Amer. Ent. Soc, III, 1870,71. Fig. 27. Omophron labiatum Fnii. X 9. (After Forbes.) 40 FAMILY TT. CAHABTD.E. Horn. — "Simoptic table of the genus Omophron," in Bull. Brook. Ent. Sou.. I, 187S. i. Nine species are known from the United States, of which four have been taken in Indiana, while one other may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES Of OMOPHRON. a. Bi-d.-itlly (iv.il. shilling; elytral stn:i; almost entirely obliterated at apex and indistinct on side, the intervals flat; median line of thorax very faint. II. Rows of elytral punctures reaching only to middle; color dark ludwn or nearly black, the side margins of thorax and elytra pale. LABIATUil. Ob. Rows of elytral punctures reaching two-thirds the distance from base to apex; color dark metallic gi-een, pale at sides. 17. NITIDUM. uu. Less l)roadly oval, le.^-s n nvex and less shining; elytral strife reach- ing to very near the apex, distinct on sides, the intervals convex. c. Elytra 14-striate; striiie shallow, indistinct at apex, punctures large, distant. 1^. ROBUsxiii. ( r. Elytra 1.1-striate; stri.e deep, distinct at apex. fl. Thorax with side margin only ])ale, 10. amekicanuji. (Jil. Thorax with sides, basal and apical margins pale. 20. TESSELLATUM. 0. Idhidtiim Fab. occurs in the '"^Middle and Southern States." and should be looked for in southern Indiana. (.Fig. 27.) 17 (71). Omophron NiriDU.M IjCC. Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist.. IV, 1S4S. 447. Dark metallic green, shining : thorax and elytra with a narrow, pale margin, that of the elytra with three irregular projections, the first and second of which extend inward to the eighth and sixth strise; the third longer, subquadrate and near the apex. Thorax without punctures on pale margins and at center, coarsely and sparsely punctured near base and apex. Punctures of elytra large, distant. IjCngth ."i-(! mm. Lake County: scarce. Taken by A. B. ^Yoleott from the beach of Lake ilichigan near the station of Pine. April 29-;May 28. IS (74). Omophron KOBrsiUM Horn. Trans, .\nier. Ent. Soc. III. 1S70. 7.'i. Pale brownish-yellow; elytra with broken green cross-markings; the strijp with coarse distant punctures. Thorax with a narrow green cros,s- band. which extends forward and backward at the middle, and an oval green spcjt each side. Length (;.."i mm. Stein collection from southern Indiana. Probably throughout the State, but scarce. Taken by Dury at Cincinnati. 19 (7(1). (jMOPiiRON AMERiCANr:N[ Ki'.j., S]iec.. V. is:n. .">s;^. Bronzed or greenish-black; head mostly green; thorax and elytra with pale niargiiis. these of the former very narrow. Punctures of elytral stri.-ie rather fine, the intervals strongly convex. Length (i-7 nun. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 41 Common throughout the State. April 23-September 5. Some- times oc-curs under rubbish remote from water. 20 (77). Omophron tusselatum >Sa.v. .Tourii. I'Uil. Acad. Nat. Sti.. Ill, ls2y, l.ji>; ibid. II, !17. I'ale browiiisli-yellow ; head with a greeu baud acrciss tlie b.iso; tliorax with a small, subquadrate greeu si)at which is lirolouged bacliward and forward along a deeiily liuiiress^ei median line; elytra with cross-markings metallic green, the , '^' , „ ^, (After Leng.) liunctures ot the istna' close and hue. Thorax coarsely imnc- tured near Ikisc and ai)ex, more finely ami very sparsely at middle and sides. Length (j-7 mm. (Fig. 2S.) Common in the northern part of the State ; rare in the southern portion. May 22-August 22. Tribe II. CYCHKIXI. Head more or less constricted; neck often semi-giobose; an- tenna; slender, inserted under a feeble frontal ridge; labriim deep ly forked ; body not pedunculate ; ssutellum very small. Prester- num not prolonged behind the coxa^ ; hind coxaj separated by a tri- angular process of the abdoijien. The tribe is represented in the eastern United States by two genera, separated as follows: KEY TO GI■:^'ERA OE CYCHHIKI. a. Antenme with four basal joints glaljrous. II. Cychrus. au. Autemue with two basal joints glabrous. No.maretus. Of these only specimens of Cijchrus have as yet been taken in Indiana, though two or three species of Xomantus should be found here. They are black or violaceous in color and 10-13 mm. in length. II. Cychrus Fab. 1794. (Gr., "a ground runner.") Beetles of medium or large size, violaceous or brownish-purple in color, having the head elongate, the mandibles long, slender, curved and without a bristle-bearing* puncture on the outer side ; labial and maxillary palpi very long, the last .joint hat-^het-shaped and concave. The elytra have 1-t to 18 very distinct striaj, which are sometimes irregular or replaced by tubercles. Tiie sperdes live beneath stones and leaves, usually in moist woods, and feed upon snails, their long heads having, in the course of time, be 'ome especi- ally adapted to extracting these animals from their shells. For synopses of the genus see : 42 FAMXLT n. — caeabid.t;. Horn. — "Synopsis of- the Species of Cyehrus Inhabiting Boreal America." in Trans. Amer. Bnt. Soe., VII, 1879, 168-185. Horn.—RwW. Brook. Ent. 8oe.. I, 1879, 79-82. About 30 species of Cyehrus are known from the United States. Of these but five have so far been talten in Indiana, though two others perhaps occur. KEY TO I^"DL\.XA SPECIES OF CYCHRUS. a. Smaller, not over ].5 mm.; front tarsi of male broadly dilated, those of female not dilated ; maxillae hidden beneath the broad cheeks: : legs stout. h. Hind an.gles of thorax very obtiise; length 12-14 mm. c. Thoracic punctures very few, limited to the basal impressions; elytral striae interrupted only at apex. 21. stenostomus var. cc. Thorax with numerous punctures between and in the basal im- pressions; elytral strijp interrupted behind the middle. 22. ij;coxTEi. 66. Hind angles of thorax rectangular ; elytral strife interrupted on sides and apex ; length 11-12 mm. caxadexsis. an. Larger, 1N-2S mm: front tarsi of male but narrowly dilated; maxillfe exposed ; legs slender. d. Thorax nearly as wide as elytra, the sides much elevated, the hind angles prolonged backward, e. Smaller, lengtli less than 20 mm. 23. elevatus. cc. Larger, lengtli more than 25 mm. 24. uxicolor. i}(L Thorax much narrower than elytra, moderately reflexed. the hind angles not prolonged backward. /. Form robust ; margins of thorax rather wide, distinctly retlexed. viDurs. if. Form slender ; margins of thorax very narrow, not reflexed. 25. AXDREWSII VAK. 21 (82). Cyciieus stenostomvs Indiana Leng, MS. Oval, slender. Black ; elytra ^ iolaceous, their margins bluish. Thorax broader than long, sides curved, strongly converging on basal half ; hind angles obtusely rounded; disk smooth, the basal impressions linear, deep, with very few punctures. Elytral intervals slightly interrupted at sides. m(ire distinctly on apical fourth,, but not tuberculate. Length 11-12 mm. ifarion, Posey, Crawford and Jeiniiiigs counties; scarce. April 4-Septemher 20. Islv. Chas. AY. Leng, of New York City, who has ictently made a s])ecial study of North American Cijchrus, states that this is a distinct variety of sleni)stoinK.'< Wcl).. which differs from that species bv the usnall>- "total absence of the transvei-sc basal impression of the tliorax." He has given il the varietal name indiance. THE GROUND BEETLES. 43 Fig. 29. (After Leng.) Natural size. 22 (S2a). Cychkus lecontei Dej., Spec. II, 1826, 15. Oval, rather robust ; color of the preceding. Basal impressions of thorax broad, with numerous punctures. Elytra deeply striate with closely placed punctures, the intervals interrupted from the middle to apex, thus forming elongate tubercles. Length 12-14 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 20-November 5. In the north it occurs beneath sphagnum mosses and about the borders of lakes and tamarack marshes, while in the southern counties it is found in lowland woods. C. canadensis Chaud. has been taken by Dury near Cincinnati, and doubtless occurs sparingly in southern Indiana. 2.3 (8G). Ctchel's elev.wus Fab., Mant, I, 198. Oval, robust. Violaceous or cupreous. Antennse slen- der, three-fourths the length of body, first joint longer than third. Thorax with hind angles prolonged over the elytra, the latter with humeral margins much reflexed. IMrst joint of front tarsi of male spongy pubescent over one-half its lower surface. Length 18-19 mm. (Fig. 29.) Fulton County ; rare ; one specimen from near DeLong. July 30. Two were in the Stein collec- tion from Indiana, but without definite locality. Our form, accord- ing to Leng, is var. flamviem Hald., which "differs from the true elevatus by being broader and flatter. ' ' 24 (86a). Cycheus unicoloe Oliv., Ent, III, 1795, 47. Resembles elevatus but much larger and more robust. Elytra with a slight emargination or sinuation a little behind the middle, which is not present in elevatus. Length 26-28 mm. Monroe, Lawrence, Knox, Crawford and Harrison counties ; one or two specimens from each. Occurs beneath stones in deep ra- vines. May 3-November 14. This is the form often called elevatus var. heros; the name unicolor, however, has priority. It is un- doubtedly distinct from elevatus. 25 ( — ). CYCHErs ANDEEwsii GERMAEi Chaud., Bull. Mosc, II, 1861, 495. Oval, rather slender. Violaceous above, black be- neath. Thorax longer than wide, subcordate, hind angles obtuse; disk almost smooth, punctate along the sides, margins narrow, slightly reflexed. First joint of front tarsi of male as in elevatus. Length 19-22 mm. (Fig. 30.) A species of southern range, found in small numbers near CharlestoA^Ti Landing, Clark Coun- (AfterLeng.) ^V ' "^^o One Specimen from Brown County. X 1% May 21-October 1. This is the form often called 44 FAMILY II. CARABIU.K. andreicsii Harr., but. according to Leng. typical andrcwsii occurs only in the mountain region of North Carolina, is smaller, more slender and lacks the interruption of s.ime of the striae usually noted on the apical third of the Indiana spL-eimeus. Tribe III. OARABIXl. Species of medium or large size, for the most part noted for their beauty of form, color or s-ulpture. Head not constricted be- hind the eyes; labrum broad and emarginate: mandibles stout. curved and without bristle-bearing pimcture on outer side. Body not pedunculate; scuteUum small. Prosternum prolonged, the front coxal cavities open behind, the hind cosa_^ not separated. Males with the front tarsi dilated and densely pubescent beneath. The tribe is represented in the Tnited States and Indiana by two genera, separated as follows; KEY TO GEXERA OF CARABIM. a. Third joint of antennse cylindrical. Ill- Caeabus. aa. Third joint of antennoe compressed. • IV. Calosoma. III. CAEABts Linn. 1765. (6r.. "a horned beetle.'") Black or brownisli-black species above the average in size and with the surface of the elj'tra more or less sculptured. They occur beneath stones and loss and are nowhere common, not more than 40 specimens having been taken in the State during 25 years* collect- ing. Nine or ten species are known from the United States. Of these four have been taken in Indiana while another probably oc- curs. Por sATioptic tables separating the United States species see: Cr.-fc/).— Trans. Amer. Ent. So,-.. V. 1S76, 247. Crofc/i.— Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc.. I. 1S7S. 66. KEY TO IXDIAX.\ Sl'KcltS OF CAKABVS. a. Thorax punctate beneath; color brassy-bnmze ; elytra finely granu- late with broken and continuous elevations. ii.5LAXDEB. aa. Thorax not punctured beneath. h. Elytra each with three rows of fove;^ or little pits. :.'(;. sylvosus. 66. Elytra without fove:e but with the fourth, eighth and twelfth inter- vals broken so as to resemble a serit■^ of links. C-. Margin of elytra serrate near the base. 27. serbati-s, cc. Margin of elytra not serrate. '/. Elytra black, the margins bluish; intervals e(]ual. iS. UMB.\TUS. dd. Elytra bronzed: four of the intervals elevated so as to form slender ridges. 20. vinctus. THE (IROUND BEETLES. 45 C. DKccnidcr Fisch. is a boreal species which has been taken by Wok'ott near Chiia^d and doubtless oeeurs ixi the northern third of Indiana. He finds it in spring, early summer and autumn, by tearing the sod away from the large exposed roots of oak and other trees in sparsely woddcd pasture land, the beetle occurring between the sod and the roots. 211 (12(1). Caraljus sylvosus Say, Trans. Amer. I'hil. Sue., II, 1823, 75; ibid. II, 4'.»2. Elongate-oval, robust. Black; mavRins of thorax and elytra blue. Thorax broader than h.ns, slightly punctured, margins rejBexed. Elytra elongate-oval, the stride very fine. Leiii,'th 27-30 mm. Laporte, Knox and Vigo counties ; rare. Occurs beneath logs in upland sandy woods. Wav 12-October 3. 27 (121). CAiiAiiifs SEREATUS Say, Trans. .Vmer. Phil. Snc, II, 1S2:;, 77; ibid. II, 4!)4. Oval, rather slender. Black with violet margins. Thorax liroad, disk sninotli. margins ])unctuved and slightly reflexed. Elytra elongate, the margin with two or tlii'ee slight notches near the base; striie with distant, deep i)unctures. Length 20-24 nun. (Fig. 31.) Lake, Vigo and Posey counties; rare. Taken from beneath logs in damp localities. April 15-May 21. Fig. 31. 28 (122). Cababus limbatus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 77; ibid. II, 4<.):i. Oval, rolnist. Black with bluish margins. Thorax one- half wider than long, rather sparsely and shallowly punctate. Elytra deeply striate, punctures distinct and regular, intervals convex. Length 25-28 mm. Fulton, Marion, Vermillion, Vigo, Posey, Jlonroe and Franklin counties ; one or two specimens from each. April 10-September 3. Occurs in moist upland woods. 2!) (12;'.). Carabus vi.xcTrs We)].. Obs. Ent.. 1801, 42. Elongate-oval, rather slender. Dull black, bronzed ; thorax with a greenish tinge at borders, its surface not punctate, but more or less finely rugose. Broken inter- vals of elytra more iirojuinent than in the preceding sjiecies; the stria' finely and irregularly granulate-punc- tate. Length 2.>-:!ii mm. (Fig. :i2. ) Knox, Gibson, Dubois and Spencer counties; scarce. April 23-Junc 14. Occurs beneath bark and other cover in low, moist woods. Fig. 32. 46 FAMILY II. CAKABID/5;. I^'. Cai.umjma AVoIjit. 181)1. (<;i-.. " beautiful + body.") Larue sinM-ies. green, blauk m- bronze in <:ol;ardens, etc. It is called the "fiery hunter," as it is often seen in daytime on the search for cutworms and other juicy larva?. It is also known to feed upon the young of the Colorado potato beetle The grubs are called "cutworm lions.'' as they capture and destroy many of those injurious worms, ilay 2-July 20. Fig. 36. Tribe IV. ELAPHRINI. Beetles of small or medium size, blackish or bronze in color, having the eyes more or less prominent, antenna? rarely longer than head and thorax, with three basal joints glabrous; labrum truncate; mandibles stout, concave and with one bristle-bearing puncture on the outer side. Body not pedunculate, scutellum dis- tinct. Elytra not or feebly margined at base. Prosternum not prolonged )iehind the coxn'. the coxal cavities dosed. The tribe is ( omposed of three genera, two of which are represented in Indiana. KKY TO IXDIAX.V GENERA OF ELAPHKIXI. 0. Elytra not striate, but witli prominent impressions or pits : e.ves promi- nent; tootli of mentum large, emarginate. Y. Elaphrus, aa. El.vtra striate, with small pits beetweeu tlie strife; e.ves not prominent; tootli of mentum short, bifld at tip. VI, Blethisa. V EijAPhrt's Fab. 1773. (Or,, "light in moving;" i. e., swift.) Bronzed and metallic beetles, similar in form but nuich smaller than these of the genus Ciciiidela. They may be foiuid on sunny days running on sand bars and mud flats near streams and lakes, and in cloudy weather hiding under plants and rubbish. Head, in our species, wider than thorax, the latter without marginal bristle- bearing puncture. Elytra with rows of large, shallow, orbicular impressions. Eleven species are known from the United States, five of which have been taken in Indiana. For s.Mioptic tables of both this genus and the next, see : Cro^c/f,— Trans, Amer, Ent. Soc., V. 1876. 246. Crotch. — Bull. Brook. Entom. Soc, 1. 1878, 6-7, KEY TO IXDIAXA SPIA'IES OF EtAPlIUrs. II. Thorax sparsely punctate; front tarsi of males with Umv .ioints di- lated. h. Elytra smnufh. not punctured. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 49 c. Under surface of thorax coarsely and sparsely ijimctate. 35. CLAIRVILLEI. cc. ITuder surface of thorax finely and densely punctate ; legs piceous. 36. L.EVIGATUS. hi). Elytra punctate, at least on sides. (1. Whole surface of elyti'a sparsely and coarsely punctate; length 7-7.5 mm. 37. cioatuuosus. (?(/. Raised portions of elytra between the impressions not punctate; length X-S.5 mm, 38. fl-ligixosus. Ud. Thorax finely, evenly and densely punetate; front tarsi of male with three joints dilated ; len.!i;th (i mm. 3'.>. ruscakius. '.'>') (150). Elaphri-.s ri.AiRvii.ij!:i Kirliy. Faun. Bor. Anier., IV, 1837. Elougate-oblong. Obscurely bronzed, shining; elytra with a purplish tinge ; legs paler. Head sparsely punctate, vertex fovcate. occiput deeply impressed. Thorax not wider than head, disk with a deep fovea each side, the base and apex sparsely punctured on the sides. Elytra with four rows of eye-like fovete. Length 8.5 mm. One in Field irnsenm collection labelled "Ind. " Probably from near South Bend. A member of the boreal fauna. 3(j (151). ELvrHEUM L.-EVIQATDS Lec. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist, V. 1S52. 1200. Bronzed, shining, legs i)iceous. Elytra not punctured, the fovese purplish. Length 7-S mm. Two specimens in Field Museum labelled ' ' Ind. ' ' Ranges from ^Michigan to California. 37 (153). Ei.Ai'iiRus ciCATRicosrs I.#c.. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.. IV. 1S4S. :I4S. Elongate-oblong. Dull brassy almve; bluish beneath; tibia? and tarsi dull yellow. Thorax with a deep median impression and a small circular fovea each side; the punctures, as well as those of elytra, much more coarse and irregular in size than In riiscurius. Length 7-7.5 mm. Mud flats, border of cypress .swamp, Knox County ; frequent lo- cally. June 29-September 2. 3S (155). Elaphei's fuliginosis Say. Trans. Amer. I'hil. Soc. IV. 1,S34. 417; ibid. II, 5:ii». Brassy-black, tinged with green above, metallic green below; tibiiie and tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax and sides of elytra sparingly punctate; disk of latter in part smooth. Length S-S.5 mm. A northern species taken sparingly along the beat-h of Lake ^Michigan near Pine, Lake County. May 20-Jtuie 29. 30 (100). Ei.APHErs EUSCAUHs Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. IV. 1834. 417; ibid. II, 40(5. .-.:!0. Dull brassy above; metallic green beneath; impressions of elytra purplish ; legs reddish-brown. Thorax coar.sely puiic- ^.^ g^ tate beneath, the disk with a faint median impression. Length (After Leng.1 C, mm. (Fig. 37.) 50 FAMILY II. CAEABID-T:. Common along streams and margins of ponds and lakes through- out the Stat«. April 3-Deeember 25. <_)ne specimen from Putnam County was taken on the latter date, indicating that the species probably hibernates in the imago stage. VI. Blethisa Bon. 1^13. (Gr., "to throw.":i Kesembliug Elaphrus but much larger, with proportionally nar- rower head and smaller eyes. Head and thorax parallel, the for- mer with a deep groove each sid^: last .joint of masJUary palpi- shnrt. They live during summer near rain pools or small bodies of water. One of the four species kno^vn from the United States has been taken in Indiana, while another perhaps occurs. EXY TO IXDIAXA SPECIES OF BLZTHISA. a. Thorax quadrate, smooth above and beneath except in the basal im- pressions ; len^h 15 mm. qtiadricoiiis. nil. Thorax subcordate, finely and densely punctate beneath ; length 12 mm. MULTlPU^fCTATA. 40 1164). Beethisa quadbicolus Hald.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sei., Ill, 1S47. 149. Blackish or coppery bronze above : black 1 leneath. Thorax quadrate, sides feebly curved, margins strongly reflexed, ba«al impressions spacsely punctate, hind angles obtusely rounded. Elytra striate, punctured, each with about ten fovese arranged in three row~. Length l.:i mm. i Fig. :>'^. i Kepreseuted in the collection by a single specimen, taken Augnst 15 from beneath rubbish near a deep pool in the center of a tamarack marsh, one half mile south of DeLong. Fulton County. Spei-imens from Lake and St. Joseph counties are in the TVolcott and P'ield ^luseum eolleetions at Chicago. B. nndtipunctata Linn, has been taken in ^Michigan and northern Illinois, and doubtless occurs in the northern third of Indiana. Tribe V. XEBRIIXI. Speries of small or medium size, mostly black in color: anteimxe with four basal .ioints glabrous ; mandibles with bristle-bearing puncture on outer .side ; eh-tra margined at base. Prosternum pro- loiiL'-ed licliiiid the i-rtxie. till- cavitirs .ipen behind; liind coxa- touch- ing. Five genera i-epr--ent lb.' tribe in the United States, two of which occur in Indiana. THE GROUND BEETLES. 51 KEY TO INDIANA GENEEA OF NEBKIINI. «. Size small, not over o mm.; front tibiae very obliquely truncate, the inner spur above the apex ; vertex sulcate. VII. Notiophilis. aa. Size medium, S or more mm. ; front tibiae not obliquely truncate, spurs terminal ; vertex not sulcate. VIII. Nebria. VIII. NoTiOPHiLi's Diim. 1806. (Gr., " spring + loving.") Small oblong black or bronzed beetles, having, the head hori- zontal, triangular, striate, and as broad as or broader than the thorax; eyes prominent; elytra with sides almost parallel, but little broader than thorax. They occur beneath leaves along the margins of open woods and cultivated fields, and in early spring are frequent about the bases of trees and stumps and the sides of logs. Eleven species are known from the United States, three of which have been taken in Indiana. Our species belong to the group having the front 5-striate. The latest and best paper on the genus is that of : Fail, H. C. — "A Review of of the North American Species of Notiophilus" in Psyche, XIII, 1906, 79-92. KEY TO INDIAXA SPECIE.S OF NOTIOPHILUS. (I. Leg:5 and antemiie entirely pale reildish-brown ; head much wider than thorax, the sides of the latter deeply sinuate behind the middle. 41. ^NEUS. (Id. Le.ns dark, n- with the tibiae alone paler; antennre pale at base only. h. Elytra each with one apical amiulate puncture; second elytrul in- ters|)aee equal to two intervals in width ; size larger, form stouter. 42. SEMISTEIATUS. 66. Elytra each with two apical annulate punctures ; second elytral interspace broader, equal to three intervals in width ; size smaller, more slender. 4.3. novemsteiatus. 41 (173). Notiophilus ^neus Hbst, Col., X, 180C, :i35. Metallic bronze, shining. Thorax coarsely punctured near l)ase and apex, disk smooth; hind angles acute, prominent. Punc- tures of elytral strias deep at base, becoming indistinct behind the middle; the second elytral interspace as in sninstriattis. F's-^s. „ ^ (AfterLeng.) Length 5 mm. (Fig. 39.) Lalce, "^'iyo and Posey counties; scarce. IMay 18-June 18. 42 (177). XoTiopnii.TS semistriatus Say, Trans. Amer. Tliil. Soc, II, 1S2:;, SI; iliid. II, 497. Kather stunt. Klackish or iinr]ilis]i-liniuzc, sirciiuiy shinint;; tibia' and I'lui- b.-is.-U joints of antenr.;c usually lialc. Tonniual .iuint uf palpi dilated and truncate. Thorax coarsely punctate at sides, apex and base, tlie disk smooth ; sides strongly sinuate behind the middle. Elytral striae ■rl FAMILY II. — carabidj:. entire, the iuuer ones faintly Imprerj^ed at apex, i)unctures fine. Length 5 mm. Lake, Vigo, Putnam, ^Marion and Po.sey counties ; scarce. April 23-October 4^. This, according to Fall, is the form usually known as sibiricuf:. it having been wrongly placed under that name by Le- conte. 43 ( ). XoTioPHiLUs NOVE 11 STRIATUM Lcc., Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist., IV. 1^4^. 4.jU. Shorter, more ^^lender. Jletallic bronze, shininu' : tiliiii^ and four liasal joints of antemi;e pale. Thorax as iu scmistriatiis. the sides less sinuate. Elytral alutaeeoiis at tiii. the strise entire, regularly and distinctly punc- tured. The second elytral interspace is wider than in either of our other species and. as a Lonseiiuence, the lateral stiice are more crowded. Length 4 mm. Southern half of State: fref|iient. ilareh 6-Ootober 0. Prob- ably hibernates as imago. This is the scmistiiatus of Leconte. n-cc. Say. VIII. Xebria Latr., 1S02. Species of medixira size, having the antennae slender, two-thirds or more the length of body, .joints cylindrical ; maxiUje armed be- neath with bristles ; scutellar stria? of elytra always very distinct. About 24 species are known from the United States. Of these but one has been taken in Indiana, though two others may possibly oc- cur. These three speiies are black and have the elytra truncate at base, the humeri distinct, the third interval with four or five large dorsal punctures. For literatttre see : Horn. — "Descriptive Catalogue of the Species of Xchria of the United States" /)( Trans. Amer. Ent. S,,,-.. Ill, 1870, 97-104. Horn. — 'Synoptic Table" in Bull. Brook. Entom. Soe., I, 1571. 30. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF NEBKIA. a. Sides of elytra suliiiarallel. 6. Sides of thorax oblique, not sinuate near base: le^'s blaeli. SUTURAUS. hb. Sides of thorax sinuate near liase: lees brown or picenus. the tibiie P'^'^''- SAHLBEBGI. aa. Sides of elytra rounded : legs pale yellow. 44. pallipes. V. suturalis Lee, in-ll..5 mm., and .V. xaJdhergi Fisch.. 10 mm. in length, belong to the boreal, fauna and rantre from New Hamp- shire westward. They are likely to be found with other members of that fauna in the northern third of Indiana. THE GROUXI) P.l'ETLES. 53 44 (201). Xebria pat.lipes Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 18123, 78; ibid. II, 494. Elongate-oval. Black, shiuiug; legs and antemiaM)ale yellow. Tliorax short, broad, nuicli narrowed behind, margins rather wide, strongly re- Ilexed; hind angles obtuse; disk smooth with a deep median impressed I'ne. Elytra deeply striate, the stria' finely pnnctnred on the sides; Inter- vals convex, the third with live larger punctures on the outer side. Length 10-12 mm. Lawrence, Franklin and Vigo counties; scarce. April 15-.July 11. Occurs beneath stones and rubbish close to running water. Probably to be found sparingly throughout the State. Tribe VI. SCAItlTIXI. Species variable in size, having the antenna; rising from under a frontal plate ; head with one or two bristle-bearing punctures above the eyes ; mandibles without a similar puncture on the outer side ; labrum short, emarginate or sinuate. Body pedunculate, scu- tellum not visible. Elytra not, or rai-cly, slightly margined at l>asp; prosternum not prolonged behind the coxa?; front coxal cavi- ties closed behind; hind coxa' touching; legs .stout, more or less adapted to digging. The tribe is composed of six genera, all of which are represented in Indiana. KEY TO GENERA OF SCARITINI. a. Species of large or medium size. 15 or more mm. in length; basal .ioint of antenna- long; mentum broad, concealing at the sides the base of the maxilUie; one bristle-bearing puncture above the eye and one at hind angles of thorax. h. Form broad, size large; hind angles of thorax distinct; elytra with humeral carina. I-^- 1'.\simachis. 7;/;. Form narrow^ size medium ; hind angles of thorax wanting ; elytra without humeral carina. X. Scarites. '■ f Fig. 41. (.yter LeConte.) Fig. 42. (.\fter LeConte.) KEY TO INDI.iXA SPECIES OF PASI.MACHl S. (/. Elytra obtusely romided at apex, feebly striate; spine of middle tibiiP compressed, ulituse at tip; hind angles of thorax obtuse, not promi- nent. 45. SIBL.EVIS. cm. El.vtra subacute at apex, not striate; spine of middle tibite slender, acute; tbnrax more or less constricted at base, its hind angles promi- nent. /). Hind tibia? of male not densely pubescent on inner side; form broad; elytra smooth. 4(;. depressi s. hi). Hind tihi;e of male densely ptibesient on inner side near the tip. THE GROUND BEETLES. 55 c. Form elongate ; humeral carimi long, curved outward in front ; elytra smooth ; length 23-26 mm. 47. elongatus. ec. Form broader ; humeral carina short ; elytra usually with pairs of punctures ; length 28-30 mm. 48. puhotulatus. 15 (210). l'A.siMACHUs suBMSvis Bou., Obs. Ent., 1813, 46. Elongate-oblong. Black with blue margins. Thorax subquadrate, 'rent angles prominent, sides feebly curved, suddenly converging at basal ;hird. Elytra with sides parallel, convex; disk with faint rows of small mnctures. Irength 21-28 mm. (Fig. 40.) Known from Indiana by a single specimen taken from beneath 1 log on the sandy margin of the old canal north of Terre Haute, ^igo County. May 16. l-G (214). Pasimachus depressus Fab., Syst. Ent., I, 1792, 94. Black, usually with blue margin. Labrum broadly and feebly trilobed ; mandibles feebly or not at all striate. Hind tarsi long and slender. Fe- male dull, male shining.' Length 24-30 mm. (Fig. 41.) Common singly or in pairs beneath stones and logs on the slopes ^f high hills near Wyandotte, Crawford County. JMay 17-June 26. 17 (217). Pasimachus elongattjs Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., XV, 1S48, 147. Black with blue margins. More elongate and less broad than the pre- ceding; hind tibiffi and tarsi less slender. Labrum broadly triloi)ed, the middle lobe the wider; mandibles finely but distinctly striate. Length 23-26 mm. Lake, Marion and Vigo counties ; scarce. May 16-August 26. 18 (218). Pasimachus punctulatds Hald., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 299. Allied to P. depresstis, but differing by the hind tiblse and tarsi being less slender and less elongate, and by the hind tibife of the male being densely pubescent on inner side near tip. Elytra usually with rows of punctures, approximate by pairs. Mandibles deeply and coarsely striate. Length 28-30 mm. (Fig. 42.) Throughout the State; frequent. April 2-July 6. X. ScARiTBS Fab. 1775. (NL.,""a scratcher.") Narrow, oblong black beetles having the body very plainly pe- iunculate ; hind angles of thorax wanting ; elytra parallel, rounded behind and without humeral carinsc; front tibin; widened, flattened ind toothed on outer side. Two species occur in our fauna, and are quite cunmion about gardens and borders of cultivated fields ])encat]i logs, stones and rubbish. Tliey feed upon auinial food alone and ai'c verj^ ben- eficial, 56 FAMILY II. CAKABID-E. 49 *(22UI. ScABiTEs suBTEKBAXEis I'ab.. 8yst. Ent., I. ITSri. 124. Black, shining. Head \yith two deeply indented iiai-allel lines. Thora.x subquadrate, sides nearly stinight. finel.v margined, apex truncate, base angulate. Elytra distinctly sti-iate. the stvi;e without punctures. Length 15-20 mm. Throughout the state ; common. Jauuary l-July 20. Hiber- nates as imago. ."iU (220a I. ScARiTEs .suBSTMATUs Hald.. Proe. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sii.. II, 1S44. .j4. Differs from -tulitcr-rancu^ only in size. I have seen no intermediate specimens, nor do I find record of any; hence I regard it as a distinct form. Length 2.j-.'!u mm. Common tliroughoiit the Statr\ April 1-Jiily 7. XL Dv.-^CHiRH-s Bon. ]'^l:l (Gr.. " bad + hand. " ) Small black or bronzed, shinintr species, having a globular thorax and fiat bowed mandibles. They live in burrows in wet sandy places, along streams and lakes and may be taken in the evening, when they run freely about, or at any time by pouring water over their burrows, which causes them to emerge. About 40 species are known from the United States, eight of which have been taken in Indiana, while two or three otliers perhaps occur. The principal papers on this and the next three genera are as follows : Lccontc. — "S^ynopsis of the Species Cli\'ina and Allied Genera Inhabiting the United States'' iu Proe. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. IS. 5 7, 75-S3. if CO *rfe.— "Synoptic Tables" in Bull. Brook. Ent. Sue. II, 1S79, 17. 32. Si. KEY TO I?»DIA?s'A srElIEs OF DYSCItlBIUS. (/. Diiis.il punctures of elytra, when present, on third Interval only. h. Third interval of elytrli with three punctures, c. Front without a visible transverse impression: elytral stri:ie reach- ing ajiex: femora blade. 51. xigripes. cr. Front with a deep transverse impression. (1. Stri;e e.vtending to base of elytra, obliterated behind the middle, e. Thora.x transversely ovate : le.irs and antenna^ wholly reddish- brown. .-,:.'. GLOBUEOSrS, re. Thorax .^lobular. f. Elytral stri;e deeper: tibi;e and base of antenmi? reddisli- t)l'OWn. :,S. LOXGUH s. ff. Elytral stri;e feeble : legs and antenuie black. -exeolvs. THE GROUND BEETLES. 57 dd. Strife not extending to base of elytra ; tip of elytra rufous. .'/. Elytral strijie strongly punctate ; thorax ovate, broader than long. 54. H.EMOKRHOIDALIS. !JU- Elytral striae feebly punctate; thorax quadrate-globose. 55. TEEIIINATUS. hh. Third interval of elytra with two punctures or none at all. U. Aiiical spur of front tibkc very short ; elytral strire coarsely punc- tured, alisent <;u apical third: tliorax longer than wide. BKEVISPINUS. hh. Apical spur of front tibim long. i. Elytral stria' deep, entire; clypeus bisinuate and with three teeth. 56. sph.ericollis. ;/. Elytral strife partly abbreviated at base; clj-peus truncate. ./. Thorax ovale, broader than long. tbuncatus. jj. Thorax oval, not wider than long. 57. ekythroceri-s. aa. Elytra with third, fifth and seventh intervals each furnished with sin- gle rows of setfc-bearing punctures ; thorax globose ; elytral stria^ coarsely punctured. 5S. HiSPint's. 51 (225). DrscHiKirs nigripes Lcc, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, X, 1853, ?>'M\. Elongate, slender. Black, strongly shining; anteunse piceous, the basal joint, tibife and tai-si dark reddish-brown. Clypeus bidentate. Thorax globose with a very fine, median impressed line. Elytial strise fine, dis- tinctly punctured only on basal half. Length ;:!-3.2 mm. Lake County ; rare. May 5. A member of the boreal fauna. 52 (2;ii2). Dyschirius globulosts Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II, 1x2:5, 23 ; ibid. II, 452. Black or dark reddish-brown, strongly shining ; legs and antennae rufous. Thorax ovate, broader than long, disli with a median impressed line. Elytral striie ex- tending to base, distinct, coarsely punctate ; wholly ab- sent on apical third. Length 2.7-3 mm. (Fig. 4.3.) Throughout the State, frequent; much more so northward, ilareh 5-August 24. Often taken from beneath the loose bark of logs in low ground ,n ■ • 1 > ^ Fig. 43. (Original.) woods. X 13. 53 (231). Dtschirius longdlus Lee, Agass. Lal^e Sup., 18.50, 204. Allied to the preceding but a little smaller and having the antenufe fuscous at apex. Thorax subgl(ib;;se (the length equal to the breadth) and not narrowed in front. Elytra more elongate, with deeper stria', the punc- tures of which are absent on apical h ilf. Length 2.5-2.7 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. March 17-October 1. B. aiicnlii.s- Lee., black, shining, and 3.8 mm. in length, is also a member of the boreal fauna and very likely occurs in the northern third of the State. Ob FAMILY n. CABABID.E. "li l2oo). DvSCHIKIi > ir.lCMOKRHOIDALlS IlH.i.. Siiec. V. 1S30. "■11. Blaeki-ili-lToiizecI. stn n^'ly ~Iiiuiii;-': anteniiie. Ifu's and tips of elytra pale reddish-browii. Thorax orate, trausverse. Elytral strife coarsely and deeply ptmetate, abbreviated at base and obsolete on apical third. Length 2.S-.3.3 mm. Starke. La^NTenee and Fayette counties; frequent. ^May 11- August 23. 5.5 1 234). DrscHiBirs teemixatus Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist, IV, 1S4S. 212. Elongate, slender. Black, slightly bronzed, strongly shining; antennie, legs, abdomen and apical third of elytra obs<;nre reddish. Thorax as broad as long, strongly convex, without a longitudinal imi.ressed line. Elytral striae indistinct at base and wholly wanting on apical third, their punctures indistinct; the dorsal punctures of third interval loc-ated one on basal third, one near the middle and one slightly behind the middle. Lengtii 0.2 mm. Piisey County; rare. April 26. Taken from beneath rubbish ia cornfield near river bank. D. Ijrevispinus Lee., black, shining. 3.4 mm. in length, occurs in ^lichigan and Ohio and doubtless in Indiana. ' 56 (237). DYscHiBrrs sph-ebicollis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soa. II. 1S23. 23; ibid. II, 452. Blacfc-bronzed ; antennse and legs dark red. Thorax ovate, not broader than long; disk with a median impressed line. Elytra deeply striate, the striiB entire, punctures indistinct on apical half. Length 5.5 mm. Fayette and Posey counties; rare: also two in Webster collec- tion. -July 4r-Aiignst 23. (Jur largest species. D. iruncaius Lee, blackish-bronzed, 5..5 mm. in length, occurs in Illinois and ^Missouri and probably in western Indiana. 57 1 240 1. DvscHiBirs EBYTHBOCEEUs Lec. Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. S.-i.. :s57. 7S. Elongate. Blackish-bronzed, shining; legs and autemue reddish-brown. Fitnt of head with a transverse impression between the eyes. Thorax subovate, slightly longer than broad, with a fine, median impressed line. Elytral striie slightly abbreviated at base and absent on apical third, coarsely punctured ; dorsal punctures of third interval located one in front of middle, the other, very fine, on apical third. Length 4-5 mm. Putnam County; rare. July 4. 5s (254). Dyschirius hispidis Lec., Xew Spec. X. Amer. Col.. I. Is63. 4. Blackish-bronzed. stroiv_'ly ^iilning; antennas yellowish; legs reddish- brown. Thorax nlobi'se. as broad as long. Clypeus emarginate. twn- tnuthed. Elytral stri.-u impressed and coarsely punctate except on apical THE GROUND BEETLES. 59 Chird; the puucUires of the third, fourth ujiil seventh intervals fine hut distinct, each bearing a long hair readily visible under a lens when viewed from the side. Length 3 mm. Posey and Clark counties; rare. April 18-May 6. Taken from beneath boards on the banks of the Wabash and Ohio rivers. XII. Clivina Lat. 1802. (A proper name.) Small black or reddish brown species closely allied to Dyschinus but having the thorax more or less quadrate, the sides either strong- ly oblique or rounded near base ; the disk with a median impressed line. Palpi similar in both sexes, not dilated nor excavated in the male. They occur in damp places, along streams and lakes, and may be captured by throwing water on their burrows and then picking them up as they emerge. Some of the species, as probably some of the Dijschirms, hibernate in the perfect stage. Twenty- two species are known from the United States. Of these seven have been taken in Indiana, while three others perhaps occur. KEr TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CLIVINA. a. Middle tibice with a spur near the outer tip; clypeus with a lobe each side ; dorsal punctures of elytra three or more. b. Front femora dentate near the tij) ; color black. 59. dentipes. 66. Front femora thickened, not dentate ; color reddish-brown or piceous. c. Vertex sulcate. d. Vertical groove deep and long; head sparsely punctate behind the eyes ; larger, 6-6.5 mm. 60. impkessifeons. dd. Vertical groove shorter, more shallow; head and thorax punc- tured; smaller, 5-5.5 mm. 01. pdnctigeka. cc. Vertex not sulcate ; head and thorax smooth ; basal angle of thorax dentate. 62. RUEictrNDA. 0(7. Middle tiblEe without a spur on the outside of tip. e. Clypeus with a lobe each side; front of head with a pit; front femora beneath deeply sinuate near the tip; dorsal ])\uictures three or more. f. Color in part or wholly brownish-red. g. Elytra entirely light brownish-red. 03. rufa. gg. Elytra brownish-red with a broad black suture. coixakis. ff. Color black; legs dark reddish-brown, antennae paler. 64. AMEBICANA. ee. Clypeus rounded at sides; front femora thickened, not sinuate be- neath ; dorsal punctures two or none. 7(. Vei-tex sulcate; thorax elongate ; color reddish-lirown. febrea. hh. Vertex not or faintly sulcate; thorax subquadrate; black, elytra with reddish spots. J. Thorax nearly smooth. 05.' bipustulata. a. Thorax punctate. postica. 60 FAMILY II. CAKATIID.'E. 59 (258). Clivina dextipes Dej., Spec. I, 1825, 415. Elongate, slender. Black, shining; legs piceous; antenna; antl tarsi reddish-brown. Elytral strife distinct, finely punctured. Length 7.5-8.5 mm. (Fig. 44.) Throughout the State: frequent. April 6-Octo- ber 9. Fig. 44. (After Len ) ^^ (259). Clivina impressifrons Lcc, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. "^^ Sci., II, 1844, 50. Readily known by its uniform reddish-brown hue and the deep groove of vertex. Elytral strife distinct, finely punctured. Length 6-6.5 mm. (Fig. 45.) Frequent throughout the State, beneath stones along the sandy margins of streams and lakes, and in low, damp cultivated fields. April 1-August 30. Said to do much damage to sprouting corn grains. 61 (263). Clpvina pdnctigera Lee, Proc. Pliil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1857, 81. Elongate, slender, parallel. Dark reddish-brown; elytra piceous, the antennae and legs a little paler. Vertical groove evident but shallow, with numerous fine punctures near its front end and coarser ones on sides. Thorax finely and sparsely punctured. Elytral striae deep, the punctures fine; the third stria witlr four dorsal punctures. L3ngth 5-5.5 mm. Dubois County; rare. May 11. Resembles impressifrons but smaller, with shorter and more shallow vertical groove and with the outer front angles of the elypeus loss advanced. A southern form described from South Carolina. G2 *(2ri4). Clivina eubicunda Lee., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1857, 81. Elongate, slender. Head, thorax, autemne and legs reddish-brown; elytra darker. Head smooth, verte.\ foveate. 'I'horax with one or two dull teeth on each basal angle. Length 4.s-."').2 mm. Vis'o and Posey counties; scarce. February 10-May 7. Oc- curs beneath logs and chunks sonic distance from water. Hiber- nates as imago. A handsome little species, also of southern range. 6,3 (266). Ci.iviNA RUFA Lee, Proc, Phil, Acad, Nat, Sci,, 1857, 8L Uniform light brownish-red, El.vtral stri.-c entire, finely punctate. Length 5 mm. Floyd County; warcc. Scptciiibcr 2!)-Octobcr 9. ('. Cdlhiris ner1>st, an introduced European species, 5.2 mm. in length, has been taken near Cincinnati and probably occurs in southern Indinna. THE GBODND BEETLES. 61 G4 (260). Clivina ameeicana Dej., Spec, V, 1830, 503. Elongate, slender. Black; legs and very narrow outer margin of thorax and elytra dirk reddish-brown; antenme paler. Elytral strise en- tire, finely punctulate. Length 5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 1-July 23. C. ferrea Lee., 5.2 mm. in length, has been taken in Illinois and perhaps occurs in western Indiana. 65 (275). Clivina bipustulata Fab., Syst. El.. I, 1801, 125. Black, usually with two large, obscure red spots at base of elytra and two near the apex; legs and antennoe reddish-brown. Elytral stria? deeply punctate. Length 6-7.5 mm. Frequent in the southern half of the State ; taken in the north only in Lake County. April 4-July 1. C. posticfi Lee., a southern species, 5.2 mm. in length and hav- ing the front tihiie armed with two teetli, has been taken near Cin- cinnati and probably occurs in the southern third of Indiana. XIII. AsPiDOGLOSS-A. Putz. 1846. (Gr., "a shield -i- tongue.") Represented in the United States by a single, small, black spe- cies having the mentum feebly emarginate ; thorax subglobose ; head without fine grooves ; front tarsi dilated in both sexes. or, (280). ASPIDOGLOSSA SDBANGULATA Chaud., Bull. Mosc, IV, 1843, 738. Black, strongly shining; antennre and legs reddish-brown; elytra with a reddish spot on apical fourth. Thorax short, subglubose, apex truncate ; disk smooth without median line. Elytra deeply striate, the strise coarsely punctate ; second interval with seven or eight, the fourth with five or six, dorsal punctures. Length 7.5 mm. (Fig. 46.) Southern third of State; frequent. April 8-Sep- tember 19. Occurs beneath the bark of logs in low, Fig. 46. moist woods; also beneath stones and rubbish near water. Resembles closely Clivina Mpusiulata and doubtless con- fused with that species in many collections. Readily distinguished by the shorter, more globose thorax and th-e numerous dorsal punc- tures of second and fourth intervals. A member of the Austrori- parian fauna. XIV. ScHizoGENiTjs Putz. 1846. (Gr., " el eft + chin.") Small blackish or reddisb brown beetles allied to Clivina, but having the mentum deeply emarginate: head with numerous fine, 62 FA]\rTLT 11. OAEABID^. lengthwise grooves; thorax subquadrate, apex truncate, sides straight to near base, then strongly oblique or rounded ; disk smooth, with an entire median and two shorter impressed lines; front tarsi more or less dilated in both sexes. Like the members of the three preceding genera, they live mostly in damp sandy places. Three of the eight species known from the United States have been taken in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF SCHIZOGENIUS. (/. Ccilor blackish; elytra somewhat depressed, striae deeij, finely and close- ly punctate. 67. lineoiAtus. aa. Color reddish-brown. h. Elytra cylindrical, strite indistinctly punctured. f \\'hich have beeii ta,ken in Indiana, THE <;i:(H\j) b1';i;tli:s. 63 il> (l!".ii;i. Akdishimis viRihis Say, Trans. Aiiier. I'hil. Snc.. II. 1^2:1. 1'] ; ibid. II. 451. <;i-ei.'iiisli-blaek. sliining; maiuliblfs. anteuiiu' and lei,'s retl- diMh-bn,\\n. Tliorax with a ]iiediaii impressed Hue. smootli exceiit along the margins. Elytra not striate, each with three or four rows ot rather fine, scarcely impressed punctures, each Iiuncture bearing a short, erect hair, the hairs plainly visilile only from the side. Length ." mm. (Fig. 47.) Lake, Lawrence and Posc\- counties; scarce. IMav 16-August 15. 71 (!'!»:!). Akhisto.mis it.xcticoli.i.s Put/-.. Mun. 1S4(;. 12'.). Resembles i-i)i(Ji.s. liut nuire slender and with tlu' disk of thorax sji.irse- ly and cnarsely punctured, each puncture bearinp . tures of el.vtr.-i coarser and mere nunierons Southern half of ^^tate ; frequent. Hibernates as imago. Feb- ruary L'o-Ji;ne 23. bristle-like hair. I'unc- Length .1 mm. Subfamily II. HARPALINAE. The members of this subfamily have the epimera of the meso- sternum variable in width but not reaching the coxa, the middle coxal cavities therefore enclosed on the outer side by the junction of the meso- and metasterna ; head marked with one or two bristle- bearing punctures over each eye; thorax with a similar puncture at the side and another at the hind angle, very rarely without the latter and still more rarely without either; front tibia? always either obliquely sinuate or deeply emarciuate within, the inner spur remote from apex. For convenience the subfamily was divided by Horn into two great groups or sections as follnws: KEV TO SECITOXS OF HARPAl-IX-K. (I. Head with two punctures above the eye. ciili bearing a single bristly hair. Section I. Hahpali^t.e iiisinos.K, p. 04. a dominal segments 3. 4 and o narrowly coriaceous or leather-like on their hind margins. Tribe II. Xomiixi. p. i;0. aa. Mandibles without a bristle-bearing puncture in the scrobe. d. Margin of elytra interrupted at posterior third and with a distinct internal fold, e. Four basal joints of antennie glabrous : body slightly pedunculate : antennae monlliform ; front tlbise dilated ; length 12-1(5 mm. Tribe III. Morioxi>-i. p. 66. ce. Three (or fewer) basal joints of antennne glabrous. f. Head constricted behind the eyes, then dilated to a semi-globu- lar neck ; last joint of maxillary palpi arising oblitiuely from the preceding joint. Tribe I. PAXAG.i:ixi. p. O.",. //. Head not constric-ted behind the eyes: last joint of maxillary palpi arising normally from the end of the preceding joint. Tribe VI. Ptebostichixi. p. ss. dd. Margin of elytra not interrupted posteriorly and without an internal fold. g. Front of head short ; labrum impressed. Tribe VII. Licixi^i, p. 112. gg. Front of head normal. li. Next to last joint of labial palpi with liut two bristly hairs. /. Head elongate, prolonged behind the eyes: neck constricted and dilated behind into a semiiilnbular knob. j. El.vti-a entire. Trilie X. CTE>;onACTi-T,ixi. p. i:',T. JJ- Elytra truncate'; tbiet- b:is:il joints of ant FA;NriLT n. — rAIiABTD.T:. ^ y" '-''■', rl'MW. I'ANAG.EUs FAxiATis S.iv, Trans. Amer. I'hil. Sic. ir. 1^:;:;. 70 : ibirl. II. A'.*\. lle.iil ami tlii.rax iwlilisli-hrown : elytra reddish-browu Avith a lilaik iiip>-;-haiKl liebiml the middle and anotlier at tips: \e-i< and abdomen iii^. Thorax and elytra imne- tnied as in the preceding. Length T.o-S.-!; mm. fFig. 4^. 1 Fig. 48. Throiighoxit the State; siarce. Januarj' 14-Octo- (AfterLeng.) ^^gj, -| 1 1 Sometimes found crawling" along wniidland paths; hibemah's as imago. Tril.e II. NOJIIIXI. Antennie 8ri^intr from beneath a distinL-t frontal ridsre. the third .joint nearly as lontr as the two following. Head stout, oval, neck broad; labrnm short, broadly emarginate ; mandibles curved, with a feeble tooth on inner edge at middle and a bris-tle-bearintr puncture in th" outer groove. Body pedunculate, seutellum in- visible. Eh-tra sliahtl.v marsrined at base. Hind eoxas contiguous: tarsi not dilated. The tribe is represented in southern Europe and the United States by a single sppcics. Xomius pygimms De.j.. an elongate-ob- lona-. chestnut brown or piceous beetle. 7 mm. in length. ha\ing the apex of thorax nearly twice the width of base and the elytra feebly striate-punctate. TVhile its range is given as '"Xew Jerse.v. Canada and Lake Superior, southward and westward to California,"" no verified specimen has been seen from Indiana, though one was in the Stein collection without locality label. It is said to occur tmder stones in moist plai-es and to extide a veiy ill-smellin.s liquid when disturbed. Trilie III. JIORIONIM. Head suddenly narrowed behind the e\ cs. ueck stout: nientuui (h'eply einanrinate. last .joint of palpi eylindrieal. Elytra feebly iiiaririiied at base, the disk with a single dorsal ptmcture on the apical third of third interval. Tlind cox;v i-ontiirtnuis : front tibia- triangtdar. not spiiiose at the outer apicrd ande : first three .joints of front tarsi slisiluly dilated in the male. The tribe is rejires.nted in the Sontheru States by a single spe- cies. Mor'io monilirontis Latr.. eloiieatc. sldning black, 12-1(> mm. in leiiuth, the thorax with deep basal impressions. It lives beneath bark, has been taken by Dury near ( 'incinnati. and very probably occurs in the soniliern third of Indiana. THE Gnorxn beetles. 67 Trilic IV. BEJXBIDIIXl. Beetles of small size, black, reddish-brown- or bronzed in hue, having the antenna slender, arising' from beneath a slight frontal margin, the first or the first two joints glabrotis ; mandibles feebly curved, acute at tip ; last .joint of palpi awl-shaped, the next to last club-shaped and with two set;e. Thorax with a bristle-bearing puncture at the side and another at hind angle; prostemum not prolonged. Elytra with sides narrowly inflexed, margin inter- rupted behind the middle, the disk with dorsal punctures ; surface in our genera glabroi^s. The tribe is represented in the United States by four genera, three of which occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENEBA OF BEMBI0IINI. -7 mm. A handsome bronzed form, common along the beach of Lake Michigan and the larger lakes of northern Indiana ; also in Craw- ford Ccunty. :\Iay 13-Octobcr 21. 7N (:iii4). Bembidium prxcT.\.TOSTKiATC .m Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Sjc. II, 1N2:'.. s:; : ibid. II. 4!is. 5W. Kubust, moderately convex. Bronzed, more or les,s coppery; anteunfe and le,gs brouzed-piceoiis. the femora at l>ase and the tibi;e beneath often reddish-yellow. Thorax with sides slightly curved in front, sinuate behind; hind angles prominent, acute, not carinate : disk slightly rugnse at base and along the median line, the basal impressions broad and deep. Elytral stri;e deep and very distinctly punctate. Jjength 6.2-7..'i mm. Crawford County; rare, ilay 17. The lari;est species of the group. B. robust icriJIc Hayw.. 5.7-6.2 mm. in length, is known from ^Michigan. Iowa and Kansas, and doubtless occurs in northern In- diana. 7!i (311). Bembujium coxexdix Say. .Jdurn. I'hil. Acad. Xat. Sci., III. 182;^, 1.51 ; ibid. II, 07. Slightly eliiiigiite. rather slender, (ireenish-brcjiize or bluish-black, shining; antenn.e, femora and tarsi bmnzed-pice us : tibi.e, base of femora and two basal joints (.f antemiie reddish-brown. Thorax (me-half wider than long, sides moderately curved in front, sinuate behind; hind autrles slightly prominent, subacute, very finely carinate: disk minutely alu- taeeous. the basal impressiims broad and deep. El.vtra one-third wider than thorax, deeply stria te-punctate. Lei!i.'th .".o-i;.." mm. Throughout the State ; scarce. .April lO-September 7. Cn-urs along moist sand bars of streams. One of the must handsome mem- bers of the genus. Ml (:'.na). PiEMBimrM co.xki sim Hayw., Tvaiis. Amer, Eiu. S.m-., XXIV. 1897. .j2. Moderately robust, convex. Bronzed, usually roppery. shiuiug : disk of elytra dull lirownisli-yellow; legs and basal third of anteuufe pale yel^ low. Thorax less than one-half wider than long, si,l,.s curved nearly to base; hind angles nut prominent, subreitangular, feebly carinate: disk THE GBOT'XD BEETLES. 71 :ilntiiceous, liuely iiijjcjse .-it hasc. tlie liiisal impressicjiis broad, deeji. bistri- iite. Elytra about one-half wider than thorax, the intervals less coiive.v than in coj-ciicl'i.r. Length 4.5-6.5 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent ; more so in the northern coun- lies. May 1-Septeniber 4. Listed as B. nitidulum Dej., which name wa.s preoccupied. liesembles coxoidix, but easily separated })y the pale lejis and green punctures of elytra. Gkoup B. In this group the dorsal punctures are on the third stria instead of the interval and the humeri are either rounded or subangulate. It inchides the Indiana species of (iroups V to X of Hayward. KEY TO l.Nl-IIANA SPECIES OF GROUP B. «. Eighth stria of the elytra moderately near but distinct from the margin. Ii. Humeri of elytra subangulate ; elytral strife entire. c. Elytra ^vith the dorsal punctures large, round impressions; elytra finely striate, shining. 81. ameeicanum'. re. i']l.vtra with the dorsal punctures normal. 0. Form liroad, dilated, depressed; hind angles of thorax obtuse; size larger, (1.5-7.2 mm. dilatatum. (liJ. Form more or less convex and more slender; hind angles of thorax subrectangular ; size smaller, 5.5-U.5 mm. c. Feebly convex; thorax si'arcely narrower at base than apex; elytral stria' moderately- impressed. 82. honestum. ee. llore convex ; thorax more narrowed behind ; elytral striae more deeply impressed, almost crenulately punctate. 83. chaloeum. bh. Humeri of elytra rounded; robust, very convex; elytral strise di- lated, the flr'^t and second entire, the others abbreviated behind; blacliish-bronzed, the elytra often tinged \^•ith green. S4. nigkom. (III. Eighth stria of elytra indistinct from margin; humeri rounded. f. Thorax trapezoidal, scarcely convex, the basal fovea with either one stria or with two and the outer one very feeble ; legs rufous or dull yellow, the femora r.arely darker. !/. Basal impressions of thorax with the outer stria small but dis- tinct; size smaller, 4.8-6.2 mm. /(. Elytra with tive inner stria^ only entire; thorax one-half wider th.-m long. 85. gjjexi. Iih. Elytra with six inner stria- entire; thorax more than one-half wider than long; the elytra less wide as compared with the thor.nx ; color ne.-irly black, tinged with bronze. fugax. (/(/. Basal impressions of the tliorax with the outer stria obsolete; elytra with six inner stria^ entire, their color variable, usually dull yellow with darkei- transverse bands ; size larger, 6-S.5 mm. TBANSVEESALE. (2 FAiQLT II. CABABID.E. ft- Thorax cordate, convex, the basal fovea with two stride. /. Elytra greenish-black, each with a well defined Ijusal and an ither subapical spot pale; legs dull reddish-yellow; thorax distinctly narrower at base than apex. ustulatum. //. Elytra either without spots or with a single pale submarginal one near apex. j. Head small, narrower than thorax at apex: elytra with all the strife entire, dilated on the disk and much finer at sides and tip: brownish-bronzed with a large oblique, submarginal. pale spot one-thitd from apex. postremum. ij. Head as wide as the thorax at apex : elytra with only the first and second stri:e entire, the others abbreviated on apical haK'. si;, picipes. '^l (317 I. Bembidium amebicaxvm Dej.. Sper-.. V. l'^;!!. 84. Rather broad, sulidepiesseil. Uniform blackish-bronzed, mure or less shining. Antenufe one-half the length of body, jiiceipus. the first and secuuu joints and the tibiie dark reddish-lirown. Thorax mure than one-half wider than lonir : apex nearly truncate, slightly broader than base : hind angles svibrectani^ular ; disk finely rniri'se at base, median line distinct, basal im- pressions shallow. Elytra finely altit.ueous. about one-half wider than thorax, finely sti'iate, the strife distinctly pumtate to behind the middle. Length .5-1; mm. Throughout the State: frequent. June 7-September 17. B. dilatatum Lee., bavins: the sides of thorax strongly curved in front and the legs dark reddish-browu. is kno\\-n from Pennsylvania and Oklahoma and should occur in Indiana. s2 cjlOi. Bembidium hoxestim Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. ?."•.. II, ls2.5. si! ; ibid. II. 40S -."."0. Rather eluni:ate. subdepressed. Bronzed, more or less coppery, rarely bluish or greenish, shining; antennoe and legs piceous. Thorax less than one-half wider than long, apex emarginate: sides slightly curved in front, feebly sinuate behind: disk ruimse at base, median line deep, abbreviate! before and behind. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, deeply striate- punetate. the punctures almost obsolete at tip. Length .".T-ii.7 mm. Lake, Franklin, ilarion and Putnam counties : scarce. April 23-Deiember 7. Listed as 7?. aniiquum De.i.. but Say's name has priority. s?i (320). BEMBmiuM ch.vlceum Dej.. .s^iiec. V. ls.;;i. s;i. More slender and more convex than lioncsium. Coppery bronze, rarely greenish or bluish-black; legs rufo-piceou<. tlie femora at base and tib::v paler. Thorax with sides more strongly curved in front, distinctly more narrowed and deeply sinuate behind than in hoiicstum. the apex truncate. Elytra oblong-oval, deeply striate: intervals convex. Length .'...">-<;.2 nun. Throughout the State: freijuciit. June lo-S.-pti-mber 4. !S4 (325). Bembidium nigrum Say, Trans. Amer. I^liil. Soc, II, 1823, 85; ibid. II, 500 Black, feebly bronzed, strongly shining; antenme fuscous, the basal joints and legs reddish-brown. Thorax subquadrate, one-half wider than long, slightly narrower at base than apex; sides curved in front, very feebly sinuate behind; basal impressions broad, deep, bistriate; hind an- gles rectangular, finely carinate. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, stria; coarsely and deeply punctate. Length :!.7-1.5 mm. Putnam County; rare. July 10. Probably occurs sparingly throughoiit the State. 85 (341). Bembidium gtjexi Chaud., Rev. et Mag. Zool., XX, l.sas, 242. Jloderately elongate, depressed. Head and thorax blackish-bronzed; elytra dark brown or piceous, strongly shining ; antennae fuscous, the basal .ioints and legs reddish-brown. Tliorax one-half wider than long, very slightly narrower at base than apex, hind angles snbrectangular, indis- tinctly carinate. Elytra nearly one-half wider than thorax, the five inner striiB entire, punctate, the sixth and seventh obsolete on apical half, the seventh often wanting. Length 4.7-5.5 mm. Fulton, Vigo, Jackson and Franklin counties; scarce. April 14-August 20. Listed as B. planum Hald., which name was pre- occupied. B. fugax Lee, 5.5-6.2 mm. ; B. transversale Dej. ; B. ustulatum Linn., 5.2-6.2 mm., and B. postreinum Say, 6-7 mm. in length, each have a known distribution which might bring them within the limits of Indiana, yet no specimens have as yet been seen from the State. 86 (.358). Bembidium picipes Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., IV, 1837, 54. Elongate, rather slender, moderately convex. Black, shining, some- times slightly bronzed or bluish ; elytra rarely with a submarginal pale spot one-fourth from apex ; antemife piceous or fuscous, the basal joint and legs reddish-brown. Thorax one-half wider than long, narrower at base than apex ; sides strongly curved in front, distinctly sinuate behind, hind angles rectangular, carinate ; disk with median line fine, basal im- pressions deep. Elytra about one-half wider than thorax, rather deeply striate, the fifth stria represented by a groove at apex. Length 5-6 mm. Southern half of State; frequent. April ll-October 6. Oc- curs beneath stones by running water. Gboup C. The species belonging to this group have the dorsal punctures on the third interval and the humeri rounded into the sides of the elytra. It comprises the Indiana species of Groups XI to XXI, inclusive, of Hayward. I 4 lAMILY II. — CAEABID.I-,. KEY TO.l.NDlANA .sTEflES OF GROUP C. it. Kyes large or moderately large, eouvox ; outer lul'e >if maxilhe with the two joints di;itmet. "" h. Dui-sal puDctures of elytra oii the third interval only. c. Stria; on front of head normal ; elytra distinctly striate, with at least the first and second stri:e entire ; stri:e punctate, d. Thorax narrower at base than apex. c. Form depressed ; all the stri;e of elytra entire. /. Thorax cordate, nearly twice as wide as long, much nar- rower at base than apex; legs and base of auteume dull brownish-yellow. >-"■ cordatlm. ff. Thorax subquadrate. but sliglitly narrower at base than apex: legs dark retldish-brown. ^^. ixTERiiEuiiM. ce. Form more or less convex. !l. Elytra with all the stri« entire ; head alutaceous. 7i. Larger, ."i-il mm.; blackish or piceous. bronzed, the elytra with pale markings. s'.i. geaciliforme. hh. .Smaller. 4^-L5 mm. ;. Elytra dull brownish-yellow with two fusenus cross- bands, one slightly behind the middle and another between this and apex: striie scarcely less deep at tip. OBFRTHUEI. /(. Elytra greenish-bmnzed with pale markings; strise much tiner at tip. '■»<■ fraterxum. gg. Elytra with several of the stri.B abbreviated behind. j. Hind angles of thorax distinctly carinate ; head very finely or not at all alutaceous: size very small, not over .'!.."i mm. 01. VERSICOLOR. jj. Hind angles of thorax very finely carinate; head dis- tinctly alutaceous ; bronzed, tinged with gi-een. elytra with dull yellow markings; size 4.2-."i.5 mm. C0^"STRICTEM. dd. Thorax not perceptibly narrower at base than apex. I: Thorax squarely truncate at base, the hind angles rectangu- lar ; elytra black, with dull yellow markings : length less than 5 mm. '.>2. variegatum. 7.7.-. Thorax slightly obliquely truncate each side at base : elytra dull yellow with a bar behind the middle and two or three spots blackish ; length .". or more mm. 93. postfasctatiwi. re. Striae on front of head double, often convergent. 1. Frontal striae more or less oblique. m. Frontal strife but slightly oblique, the outer one interrupted: size small, not o\ev 4 mm. H. Thorax cordate, the base pedunculate or subpedimculate. 0. Moderately convex; thorax scarcely wiiler than long: elytra brownish-green with a subhumeral and a small submarginal siwt dull yellow. 04. pediceixatum. 00. Slightly deinessod : thorax one-h.-iH' or more wider than long; elytral spot.'' /is fn precedin.g but larger: punc- tures of elytra finer. n.o. QrADRiMACuL^TUM. THE GTIOUXl) BEETLES. 75 nil. U'lKirux i:-(ii(Uiti', tlic biisp truncate. /'. Thorax slightly wider thiiu Ions, itisUnotly narrower at liase than apex; elytra black, slightly bronzed, with dull yellow markings along the margin. tXi. akI'Ixe. P/i. Thorax one-half \vider than long, but slightly narrower at liasf than ayex ; elytra piceous or nearly black, Ayith- out ijale siiots on margins. .mihcicola. mm. Frontal striie yery oblique, strongly conyergent, the-outer one the shorter and often -> ery faint; thorax cordate, truncate at base. (/. TlK^rax distinctly wider than long, the hind angles acute; elytra black, scarcely iironzed. with subniarginal spot and apex more or less dull yellow; larger, .•Mi—l mm. 97. AX(ii;ui.-Ei!r.M. (jij. Thorax scarcely wider than long, the hind angles rectangu- lar ; elytra brownish-bronzed with snliapical spot and apex pale; smaller, 2-2.7 mm. its. assimile. II. Frontal struie nearly straight, the outer one entire; elytra black or greeiiish-black. shining, with a subuuirginal spot and apex dull yellow; length 3.2-;!.."i mm. siLCAXUii. hb. Dorsal punctures of elytra in irregular rows on all the intervals, each puncture bearing a distinct, bristle-like hair; all the stri* abbreviateit behind the middle. !)!i. .skmi.stkiatum. mm. (Fig. ',().) Fig. 50. (Original.) X I I li FAirn.Y II. CAEABIII.E. Tlirnughoiit the State ; scarce. Febitiary l-December 25. Hi- bernates as imago beneath log^^. etc.. in low. damp places. ^11 ( }. Be.\[bidium graciliforme HayAv.. Traus. Amer. Eut. Sec. XXIV. IS'.iy. 97. El: iiuMte. rather slender, slightly convex. Head and tliorax blackisli- brouzed; elytra bronzed piceous. shhiiug. with a subhumeral blotch, a iru.ss-band behind the middle and sometimes the apex, jjaler. the markintrs often indistinct : antenme piceons. the basal joints and le^rs dull yellow. Thorax siibcordate. one-half wider than long, distinctly narrower at base than apex : sides curved nearly tr. base, deeply sinuate in front of hind angles, which are rectangular and carinate. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, the stri;ie distinctly punctate to behind middle; intervals cinvex. Length o-o.T mm. Lake and Vigo counties : scarce. April 25-October 1. B. oberthiiri Hayw., -t-i.o mm. in length, is known from ^Massa- chusetts. lUiniiis and Iowa and should occur in northern Indiana. 'JO ( 377 I . Bemdidiim fratebxum Lee. Proc. I'hil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. 1S"7. (J. Slightly robust, moderately convex. Dark irreenish-bronzed ; elytra with a narrow transverse band one-third from base, another one-third from apex and an apical spdt. paler, the three usually connected along the mar- gin, often indistinct; antennte piceous. paler at base: legs reddish-brown. Thorax slightly subcordate. finely alutace jus. one-half wider than long: basiil iuipressi.ins broad, deep; sides broadly curved, sinuate near base; hind angles rectangular, carinate. the carinse louj. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, the strife punctate to behind middle; intervals nearly flat. Length 4— t.-T mm. Steuben. Fountain and Lawrence comities; scarce. July 6- August 16. '.H i;i'.il). Bembidium \t:bsicolor Lee. Aim. L.vc. Xat. Hist.. IV. ls4s. 460. Slightly elongate, moderately ecuvcx. Head and thorax gi-eenish- black. slightly bronzed ; elytra u-^ually dull yellow, with three cross-bands, more cr less ccnnected along the suture, picejus or nearly black ; antenn:ie piceous, the basal joints and legs reddish-brown. Thorax subcordate. one- half wider than lout: : sides stron-'ly curved in front, deeply sinuate near base : hind angles rectangular, carinate. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, the striie rather deep, distinctly punctate to behind middle, the outer 1 nes (ibsulete on apical half. Length 2.'^-.i.2 mm. Throughout the ^ TAiriLT n. — I ARABIILP.. '.iri (417l. KEMUIDIUir IJlADIilMAClIAll i( I.iilii.. Svst. X;it.. I. ITr.s. 410; S.iy. K(l. I.e.-., TI, 501. ."",.-,:;. ilodei-ately elonsnte. sli:.'litly di'iiicsseil. Heart and tbonix bronzed cn hlaekish-bronzed. sliinin:.': elytra brownish or black, with a triangular subhiuueral s]i(ir and a smaller :.ne liehind the middle, dull yellow : an- teinite ]iiie;ius. the bisal joints ami leL.'~ dull yellow. Leniith _'. 7-3.7 unii. SouthiTii half of Stall-: scMix-e. April 11-December 27. Re- sembles p< iVuiUafum hut is less convex and with puncttiies of ely- tra tiner and more cluselx placed: elytral spots more distinct. Hi- bernates as imago. liii (4(i7i. P.KMBiDir.M AFFixK .'asal joints and leixs dull yellow. Tboi-ax s]ii;hrly wider than Icnvr. siiles curved in front, sinuate behind, hind an^'le- lei-tangular. very finely carluate. Elytra more than one-half wider than thorax. stri;e distinctly punctate the first and seconil only entire. I^ii^'tii l2..V:i.."i mm. Throughont the State; <-ommon February 2i)-Xovember S. Hibernates as imago. B. iinisiiiiiln Hayw.. 2.5-8.2 mm. in length, has been taken in iliehigan and northern Illinois and .should be foitnd in the north- ern third of Indiana. '.17 (410). BEMniuiUM AxoiLiFERUM Lec. Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist.. V, Isr,::. is.". Slightly elongate, convex. Black, feebly bronzed, sliinin.i; : elytra with dull yellow markin.irs as L'iven in key; legs reddish-brown to piceous. Thorax much narrower at base than ajiex: liasal impressions deep, with one stria; sides lurved in front, sinuate behind; hind angles acute, cari- nate. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, stria' punctate, feebly impressed, especially on sides; intervals nearly flat. Length :i.2-4 mm. Lake County.; rare. ;\Iay .">. A species of northern range, ex- tending across the continent. '.IS (414). BEMiuDirM ASMMiLE (Jyll., Ins. Snec. II. isio. I'l;. Moderately robust. I'.lack; elytra pice us or brownish with snbmar- ginal spot and apex jialer; anteunje fuscnus, jialer at base: legs dull yel- low. Thorax narrower at base than aiiex. sides stronvly curved in front, distinctly sinuate behind: hind angles rectangular, disk sparsely and coarsely punctate at base and apex: basil impressions deep, unistriate. Elytra nearly twice as wide as thorax, co.irsely punctate, the punctiu-es (ilisnlete on apic.il h.-ilt, I.,ength --L',7 mm. Lake. Lapoite and \'iu() counties; s-arc-e. ]May -"i-Octoher 21. Our smallest s])ecies. The siiboiiaqne pale spot is ocellati>. being rWE GTtOUND TiV:i:'l'LES. 79 siiiTounded liv a distinct riuR-,- darker tlian tlie remainitii;- surface ofa^lytra. B. siilcatidii Lcc, a meniho' of the boreal fauna, has been taken in .Miehiuan and nortliein Illinois and should occur in northern In- diana. '.I!) (420 1. r.i.Minunwi skmistbia'itil lluld., I'nic. I'liil. Ac;i(l. Xnt. Sci.. I, is4;i, ::()■.',. Slight iy eloiii;atc, ri,ii\-p.\. Xoarl.v black, I'eelily linjiizcil, 1lic cl.\'trrt iifteii tiu,i;ed with browuisli ; nutemiic iiiceons, the basal joints and legs dull yellow. Frontal grooves siui,'le, straight, parallel. Thorax sulicor- date, one-half wider than long, distinctly narrower at base than apex; sides strong.ly curved in front, si.nua1c behind; l)asal impressions deeji. bistriate; hind angles rectangular, eariuate. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, tinely striate, the stria:' with deep, rather distant punctures, tliese obsolete on apical half; intervals flat, with punctures as mentioned in i;ey. Length y. 7-4.2 mm. Putnam County ; rare. October 17. Sifted from beneath dead leaves above a hillside spring-. The seta' arising from the dorsal punctures are very distinct beneath a lens. Occurs from New Eng- land to Kentucky. B. oblorignhnii Mann., 4.2-5.5 mm. in length, has been taken in Ohio and Michigan. It is a member of the boreal fauna and should be found along the northern border of Indiana. Two specimens were in the Stein collection without locality label. XVIII. Anillits Duval. 1851. (Gr.. "without -flight.") Very small brownisli species, having the eyes entirely wanting and hind coxa> separated. They live in caves or utuler stones on the slopes of wooded hills. Four species are known from the United States, one of which has been taken in Indiana, lOlt (429). Anillds fortis Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, II, isi;x, 127. IClongate-oblong. Reddish-brown, shining; antenna^ and legs pale yel- low. Head with a shallow groove each side of front. Tliorax wider than long, sides sliglitly curved to behind middle, thence feebly converging to l)ase. which is narrower than apex and siiuarely truncate; disk with a single bristle-bearing )iur.(ture each side near front angle, median line Hue. hind angles rectangular. Elytra with a few discal rows of \ery flue punctures, some of \yhich l>ear single, long, ei-ect hairs; the punctures ab- sent on sides iVud apex, plaiidy. visible only when viewed from the side. Length 1.7-2 mm. Rare, or so small -as to be overlooked. Two specimens were taken from beneath simies on a \vood('d slope near Wyandotte Cave, Crawford County. May 27. When their cover was removed they ran aimlessly aliout, instead of seeking some new retreat. [C— 2:!4021 Ml FAIIILT II. CARABID.E. XIX. Tachts Sehaum. lS6n. fGr., "swift."') Very small black or brownish species having the characters of the tribe Btnibidiini. Front tibise obliquely truncate at apex; elytra glabrous, either striate or whoUy without stria, except that at suture, which is recurved at apex. They occur for the most part in damp places, beneath the bark of partly decayed lo^s and stumps; also in moss and ant hills and beneath chunks on mud flats. When uncovered they run very rapidly, whence the generic name. About 4-5 species are known from the United States : of these 15 have been taken in Indiana. The only paper treating of the genus is by: Hayivard. — "A Study of the Spe -ies of Taehys of Boreal Amer- ica" in Trans, .^jner. Ent. See.. XXYI. 1S99. 191-23S. For convenience Hayward divided the genus into nine groups, his primary division being based upon the presence or absence of punctures on the mentum. C'f this character he says: "'The mentum varies in the different species being more or less emargi- nate in front, with a tooth of varying prominence at the bottom of the emargination. In rather more than half of the United States species there may he observed, behind the t'joth, two large fora- meniform punctures which are entirely absent in the other group. These are not difficult tc> detect, even with a hand lens, and as soon as recognized, their presence or absence can be readily determined. even in the smallest forms." Since- only one-third of the specie^; treated by Hayward occur in Indiana, they will be separated into but two groups, and this is done only to lessen the length of the keys to species. Fig. 52. a, mentum of T. tirax; 6. mentum of T. frozimu^r c, 1hGr.LX of T. tntrrrii; d, therax of 7". :rs"] ur.tfi'ia- , .\iter Hayward.^ KEY TO GROVPS OF INDIANA T.\CHY>. a. Mentum without large punctiues behind the median tooth ( Fii.:. ."i:2. u i ; marginal stria of elytra interrupted th. (Fig. 52. 6.) (-Troup B. THE GROUND BEETLES. 81 Group A. This group includes the Indiana species of Groups I-IV of Hay- ward. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIP^S OE GROUP A. (.-. Thorax broiKlly margined, the margin translucent; third Interval of elytra with two small dorsal punctures very near the third stria ; apical third of elytra yellowish. 101. flavicauda. (/;;. Thorax narrowly margined, the margin not translucent. h. Elytra with the recurved portion of the sutural stria parallel to the margin ; dorsal punctures two, the first on the fourth stria near the base, the second on the third stria near the apex; color jet black. 102. nanus. hit. Elytra with the recurved portion of the sutural stria short, nearly parallel to the suture ; dorsal punctures two, placed on the third stria wheu the latter is present, the second but slightly behind the middle, c. Elytra with none of the striie punctate. (I. Thorax with the transverse impression near base not tripunc- tate at middle (Pig. 52, c) ; elytra with the sutural stria deep, the other stride obsolete. c. \evy convex ; thorax scarcely as wide at base as apex, the sides strongly rounded in frout, oblique behind. 103. GRANARIUS. ee. Jloderately convex ; thorax a little wider at base than apex, the sides slightly curved in front, feebly sinuate behind ; elytra distinctly wider than thorax. /. Piceous or dark reddish-brown, the elytra with an ill-de- fined stripe each side, or with subhumeral and subapical spots, paler ; form moderately elongate. 104. incurvus. ff. Uniform light readish-brown or bromiish-yellow, elytra rarely slightly darker on the disk ; fonn very elongate. 105. DOLOSUS. dd. Thorax with tlie transverse impression near base with three large punctures at middle. (Fig. 52, d.) g. Thorax not vi-ider at base than apex ; elytra distinctly wider than thorax with a sutural and one to three abbreviated dorsal stri*. 106. xanthopus. Off. Thorax wider at base than apex. //. Form subdepressed ; dark brown or piceous ; thorax but slightly wider at liase than apex. 107. teipunctatus. hli. Fiirm convex. /. Iteddish-browu or piceous, the elytra paler at sides and tip ; thorax distinrtly wider at base than apex. 108. VI VAX. //. Black, very shining; legs i)ale; sides of thorax rounded to behind the middle, sinuate behind. 100. capax. fi: Elytra with the sutural stria distinctly punctulate; form robust; reddish-brown ; thorax tripunctate at base. 110. ferrugineus. FAIIILT IT. CATIABIP-T;. *101 1 450 1. TACHYb Fi_iM(.AVUA ^^ay. Trims. Amev. I'liil. s.ic. II. 1^1^:'.. ^7; ibitl. II. -'.Ol'. Rather broail. IVebly i.onvex. Dark i.i.enus or near- ly black, the apical third of elytra yellowish: anteii- nse and lei.'s reddish-yellow. Thorax subquadrate. one- half wider than loiiir : sides feebly curved, Ijase triiu- cate. a little wider than apex; hind angles rectaiii-ij- lar, not rariuate. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, the five imier stri;e moderately distinct. LciiL'th !..">- l.S mm. I Fig. 53.) Tlirouelioiit the St^te; freqtient. Jauiiary (5-D or nearly black: el.nra often mere or less brofliiisii and somewhat ti'ansluceut. sometimes reddisb- brown. very shining: anteimie fuscous, the basal joints aud Iclts dull yel- low. Thorax subciuadrate. one-half wider than Ioul': Lase truncate, hind angles subrectanixular with a short, fine carina : trans\erse impression near base deep, finely punetulate. Elytra one-third wider than thorax, d(is:il pmietures small. Length 1.7-2 mm. Pittnam County; scarce. Marcli o-i >ctober 10. Occurs beneath stones and lea^■es on damp, wooded hillsides. *3ii4 I 41)1). Tachvs ixcurvi s Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. IV. IVU. -HO: ibiil. II, .".4. Elongate, moderately convex, r>ark reddisU-brown to nearly black, shining: the el.vtra with an indi^tiuet pale yellow stripe reaching from humerus nearly to apex, this often interrupted at middle : autenu:¥ fuse ais. the liasal joints aud legs dull .vellow. Th(H-ax quadrate, one-half wider than Ion-; transverse impression near base, deep, finely punctate: hind angles rectangular, with a short carina. Elytra distinctly wider than thorax, with only a moderately deep sutnral stria, a semud faint one often visiliie. LeiiLTth 1.7-2. .5 mm. Thrcpohont the Si.itc: cdinmon. .iaimary L'l-(;>ctobev 21. ( »c- cuis beneath rubbish in open woodland and often in nests of ants. TiiR (iKOHND bkf;i-les. 83 105 (4(;(;). Taciivs uoi.osrs Lee, Ann. Lye Nat. Hist., I\', LS4S, 470. Very elongate, slightly r nun. Kniix and Fnyettc countii'.s; rare April 25-J\uie 25. A sjie- cies of southern ransje, taken from the edsr' of cypress swamp. 84 FAMILY II. CABABID£E. 110 (459). Tachys fekkuginbus Dej., Spec. V, 1831, 50. IJobust, strongly convex. Uniform redflisli-brown, shining, often trans- lucent ; antenn;G dusky, paler at base. Thorax one-half wider than long, sides slightly curved In front, feebly sinuate behind ; bind angles rectangu- lar, not carinate. Elytra more than one-half wider than thorax, with a deep sutural and a finer abbreviated second stria, rarely with traces of a third. Length 2.ri-:-;.2 mm.' Southern half of State; frequent; much less so northward. April 17-]\Iay 28. Occurs usually in the nests of ants, though some- times beneath chunks in damp localities. Gkoup B. In this group the mentum is marked behind the median tooth with two large xleep punctures. Five species are known from the State. They comprise the Indiana species of Groups V-IX of Havward. Fig. 54. a, Front tarsus of T. proximus (male); h, antenna of T. la-vus; c, front tarsus of T. comt^cus (male.) (After Hayward.) KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GROUP B. a. Elytra with the marginal stria broadly Interrupted at middle (obsolete in Iwvu.s). h. Recurved portion of the sutural stria very short, parallel with the suture, not hooked at tip ; two dorsal punctures on the third in- terval near the third stria; form depressed; length 1.2-1.5 mm. 111. L.Evns. l)h. Recurved portion of the sutural stria long, nearly parallel to the suture, distinctly hooked at tip ; the first dorsal puncture on fourth interval, the second enclosed within the recurved portion of the sutural stria ; length 2.3-:!.2 mm. c. Male with the first two joints of the front tarsi dilated (Fig. 54, (0; elytra oblong-oval, pale with an ill-defined dark blotch behind the middle. 112. pRoxiirus. fc. Male with only the basal joint of the fi-ont tarsi dilated (Fig. 54, c). (1. Males with tlie inner angle of the dilated joint of front tarsi without a\spine ; color more reddish than in pro.rimiix. with tlie dark blotch of elytra bettor defined, fretineutly extending to the margin. 113. scitulus. THE GROUND BEETLES. 85 .2 mm. Southern half of State; frequent. April 12-September 3. Oc- curs on damp sandy spots along the margins of streams ; also taken by sifting in early spring. Tribe X. roOONINI. Small or medium sized beetles, having the antenna^ slender, aris- ing from under a feeble frOntal ridge, the first two joints glabrous; labrum short, truncate or broadly emarginate ; mandibles feebly curved, with a bristle-bearing puncture in the outer groove; last .joint of palpi not awl-shaped, the next to last not pubescent. Thorax with a bristly hair on each side and at hind angles. Body not pedunctilatc, scutellum distinct. Elytra more or less striate, with dorsal punctures present. Hind coxa? slightly separated by tlic mesosternum. Front tarsi of males with t\vo joints dilated and covered beneath with small scales. Pour -enera repi-esent the trilic in the United States, three of which occur in Indiana. KKV 'I'O IXin.W.V OEXKKA OK POCONINI. ((. Terminal .joint of palpi more or less cylindrical and olrtuse at tip, that of the labial paliii as long as the preceding; head more or less con- stricted or transvei-sely impressed behind the eyes, XX. I'ATKoms. TUB GROUND BEETLKS. 87 (Ki. TermiuMl .joint of ]);iljii sleuder. iicute iit tiii, tbat of Uio liibial palpi shorter than the preoediiig. b. Head with distinct eyes. KXI. Trechis. Ith. Head without eyes. XXII. .iNOPHTHALMi-.s. XX. Patrobus Dej., 1825. Beetles of medium size, 10 or more mm. in length, having the elytra elongate, not margined at base, their sides sulDparallel. For literature regarding this and the next genus see: Ho/-y/.— "Synoptic Tables" in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, V, 1874, 130 ; also ill. Bull. Brook. Eut. Soc., V, 1882, 47, 48. Seven species are known from the United States, one of which occurs in Indiana. *11(5 (472). I'ATROBr.'s i-o.xuieOKMS Say. Trans. Aiiier. Phil. Soc. II, 1,S2;!, 40; ibid. II, 400. Elongate-oval. Black a)](jve, piceous beneath ; antenna- reddi.sh4}r(]wn. half as lonj; as body; legs jialer. Last two .joints of maxillary palpi eiiual. Thorax ((invex, a little broader than Ions; sides curved to behind middle, thence sinuate to base; front transverse impression and median impressed line deep, hind angles rectangular ; basal impressions broad, deep, i>unetured. Elytral stria- deep and distinctly pimctured ; intervals convex on dislv, flattened on sides. Length 12-14 mm. (Fi.tf. .Vi.) Fig. 55. (After Leng.) Throughout the State ; common. January 1-December 25. Oc- curs beneath stones and rubbish along streams, lakes, etc. ; hiber- nates as imago. Host common in ifay. XXI. Trechus Clairv. ISOfi. (Gr.. "a runner.") Elytra oblong-oval, almost twice as long as wide; front tibiiv slightly broader to tip, the emnrgination extending nearly to the middle of the tibi;v ; length less than 6 mm. Four species oecui- in the northern and western parts of North America, one of which extends down into northern Indiana. 117 (4S:!i. TjiKciirs ciiai.ibei s I>''.i.. Spec. V. 1S21I, 17. Elon.i^ate-uval. Klaclc or dark l)ro\vn with a bluish gloss; antenmc and legs reddish-lirown. Thorax sulMpiadrate. one-third wider than long; sides eurvei-ectangular. Elytra oblong-oval, with f mm. cyanescens. 120 (404). Myas coracinus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, lS2;i, nO : ibid. II, 482. Black, elytra i)urplish. Thorax broad, transversely (piadrate, front angles rounded, hind angles rectangular, margin purplish. Elyli'a broad with acute strlie which are finely punctured. Length 18-20 nun. Throughout the State but scarce ; taken in nine widely separated counties. Occurs beneath logs and chunks in open woods with a loose soil. May 21-October 7. no FAiriLT II. CARABln.T-:. XXI\' PrEK(i>TiC'Hi s Mmi. l>lo. (( Jr.. "wing - compact." ) Black or greeni-^h-shinbig beetles of medium or large size, hav- ing the characters of the tribe as above given. Forni elongate, more or less ilepressed ; head but little eonstrii-ted behind the eyes: mar- frin of eh-tra stmngh- interrupted pusterinrly. The members of this genus are among the most common of our (arabidiv. They are found in woimU and along the borders of fields under lugs, stones and leaver A number of the species hibernate in the perfe^-t stase. Dr. Foi'lii^s disserted thirteen specimens of this genus and found that 4 ! per cent, of the food was of inseots. canker ^vorms. caterpillars, etc. The vegetable food was of fungi and flowering plants. The principal papers dealing with the genus are a.s follows : L'Cnntr. — "Synopsis of the Species of Pt(:rn.<:fichus and Allied Genera Inhabiting Temperate Xorth America."" in Journ. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. II. 1S52. 225. Li.Contf. — "The Pterosticlii of the Ignited States." in Proe. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sei., 1878. 302. 2:,r„„f,._" Synoptical Table," in Bidl. Brook. Ent. Soo.. Y. 1SS2. L"). ct srq. Wickliam.— In Journ. X. Y. Ent. Soe.. IIL lS9.i. ISl. About 12-") species are kno■^\^l from the United States. Of these 24 have been taken in Indiana, while 5 others may oeeur. For con- venience the Indiana species are first arranged in four groups, and these are then treated in order. KEY TO GROrP.S OF 1.\DI.\X.4^ PTERdSTK HI S. II. llnl>;ll pUUOnilOs llOUe ill- iiUf .iIll.V. (il'OUll A. ri-s,il pmietiu'es two or iiKive. /<. I.;isT joint of i>alpi cyliiuU-ieal, tniucate at tip: size larger, usuall.v 10 or more miii. i: Siile jiieces of nietathora.x slmrt. their leu-;tli distiuctl.v less tliaii tnice tlieir widtli at h.-i^e. (ironp /{. rr. Side pieces of nietatliorax lonir. narrowed from base to apex, tlieir lei!L.'tii lieiiia: uuire tliau twice the width at base. Groui) C. hh. Last .ioiiit of palpi elmi-aie-oval. sianel.v truiii are: size smaller, not <.ver s..-, miu. Oroup D. To tills group belong small or medium sized species either wholly without dorsal punctures or with one puncture behind the middle on the third interval, elose to the se-ond stria. They have the thorax usually rounded or trapezoidal, much narrowed behind, the margin naiTow. not reflexed. the base without a marginal line. Six sitecies TiTK rniorxi) dee-i-lks. 91 linibably ch'cui' in 1hc Stiite, though but three of them have as yet been taken. KEY TO SPECIE.s OF GROUP A. a. Elytra without a dnrsal puuctuie. h. Head of iiicjclerate size; tliovax longei- than broad, the basal impres- sions linear, single. 121. adoxu.s. Till. Head very large; thorax iiuadrate, its basal impressions broad; hind trochanters rounded at tip. kostkatus. aa. lOIytra each with one dorsal puncture behind the middle on the third interval. c. Basal iniiircssions ot thora.x doul)le or histriate. ■7. Hind angles rectangular, longer and prominent; elytral stri;e puuctulate. substbiatis. lid. Hind angles subobtuse or very small ; elytral striae not puuctu- late. apalachius cc. Basal impressions of thorax single. r. Hind angles of thor.ax rounded or obtuse; larger, 10 mm.; thorax without an ini])ressed line in front. 12::. obsoletu.s. cc. Hind angles of thorax rectangular, prominent ; elytral stri;u deep : small, not uxer s mm. 123. honestxis. 121 (519). Pteeostk'I-iu.s adoxtjs Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II. 1S2:'>. 4(i ; ibid. II. 472. Elongate, rather slender. Black ; antenniB and palpi dark reddish- brown ; legs and alidomen piceous. Thorax widest in front of middle, thence gradually narrowed to base; sides e.xcurved near bind angles, which are rectangular and denticulate; basal lines deep. Klytral striiE not punc- tured, intervals subconvex. I^ength 13-1.5 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. AjDril 18-October 6. Occurs beneath logs and stones on the slopes of deep Avooded ravines. 122 (.">:^2). Pterostichvs onsoLETis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. I\'. ls;!4. 424; ibid. II. 5:',7. Elongate, slender, subconvex. Black or piceous. shining; antenna:' and legs reddish-brown. Thorax orbicular, sides strongly rounded; basal im- pressions rounded, deeji and small. Klytra a little wider than thorax, the stri;e j)uuctured, indistinctly so on sides and apex. I^ength '.l.-'j-lo..'') mm. I)eseri1)ed from Indiana; (>r<'nrs throughout the State. ^lareh 21-AuguRt 22, Fre(|uent in hilly reiiions beneath stones and old logs. 12:'. (."i.'l'.l I. I'TKKOsTJCHrs HOXESTls Say. Tr.-uis. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S2:!. .f|l ; ibid. II. 47.'i. Klongate-oval. subconvex. Black or jiiceous; anteuna> and legs 1 eddish-brown. Thorax scarcely longer than wide, much narrowed behind the middle .-md sinuate on sides : basal impressions narrow and deej), with the space between them i-oarsely and sjiarsely punctured. Elytra more oval and convex than usual, much broader than „ ^y thorax, the stria' deep, not imnctured. Length S nnn. (After I.eng). (Fig. o7.) 92 FAMILY II. C-VEABIDri;. Fulton, Parke, Vigo, Jackson, Crawford and Posey counties; scarce. Occiu-.s principalh' lieneath logs in deep shaded ravines. April 13-Xovember 4. P rostratus Ne^\Ta., 1-1^16 mm., P. suhstriatus Lee. 12-14 mm., and P. apalachius Horn, 12 mm. in length, have a known range which favors the probability of their occurring in Indiana. Gbovp B. This group comprises black, medium sized species ranging in length from 10 to 16 mm. They have two or tjiree dorsal punctures on each elytron ; thorax narrowed behind and not margined at base, except in permundus; the inner wings lacking except in obscurus. The side pieces (epistema) of the metathorax are short, and nearly as broad at apex as base. Of the seven species whose characters and range are such as to be included in the group, five are represented in the collection at hand, while two others perhaps occur in the State. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP B. a. Thorax narrower at base than apex; prosternum not margined behind. 6. Outer strije of elytra Indistinct ; thorax finely margined ; elytral striae not punctured. 124. obscurvs. 6&. Outer strife of elytra nearl.v or quite as deep as inner ; thorax strong- ly margined, c. Dorsal punctures two (rarely three or four). d. Basal impressions of thorax linear, deep. lachrymosus. (Id. Basal impressions large, broad. c. Hind angles of thorax earinate. f. Basal impressions without a tubercle. 125. coracixi s. //. Basal impressions with an obtuse flattened tubercle. 126. STYGICVS. cc. Hind angles not earinate; impressions without a tubercle. 127. RELICTl'S. cc. Dorsal punctnivs lour; hind angles earinate. suPERciuosrs. 0(7. Thorax broader at liase than apex; prostenium margined behind; dor- sal punctures three. IL's. permukdvs. 124 (."i42). Pterostichus obscurus Say. Trans. ^Vrner. Phil. Soc, IV, 4S.') : ibid. II, TiSS. Elongate, slender. Black ; antennse. tibiiv and tarsi dark reddish-brown. Thorax somesvhat trapezoidal in shape, narrowed behind ; basal impressions short, narrow, punctured, hind angles very obtuse, rounded. Elytra with three dorsal punctures, the first and second on or near the third stria, the third on second stria; intervals flat, stria- shallow. Length 10. .^12 mm. Throughout the State; scarce. April -t-Xovember 17. In one specimen liefore me there are four dorsal punctures on one side and three on the other. THE GEOtJND BEETLES. 93 125 (545). I'TEROSTICHUS CORACINUS Xewiu., Entom. Mag., V, ls::!8, .386. Elongate-oval, rather robust. Black, shining; antennas and legs piceous. Thorax quadrate, somewhat narrowed be- hind, sides broadly rounded, hind angles obtuse; basal im- pressions broad, deep, rugosely punctured. Elytral strise deep, not punctured; intervals ilat or nearly so. Length 15-17.5 mm. (Fig. 58.) Throughout the State, frequent; more so in the northern counties. May 13-October 3. Occurs be- ,J*f , ,1 , (.Alter iiCngj. neath logs and stones in open woods. In this and the next two species the side margins of thorax are wider and more reflexed than in any of those preceding; the two (rarely three or four) dorsal punctures are located on the second stria, one before, the other behind the middle. In one specimen from Cass County there are four distinct dorsal punctures on the second stria. From the keys, as usually given, it was at first referred to superdliasus Say, but the thorax is not narrowed behind as in that species and the elytra are jet black, not purplish. T have concluded, there- fore, that it is but a sport of coraciiius, with which it agrees in all other respects. P- lachryniosus Newm. and P supcrciliostts Say, both 15 mm. in length, very probably inhabit the State. The former has been taken by Dury at Cincinnati and the latter in Michigan. 126 (.546). Pterostichds stygicus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 182.S, 41 ; ibid. II, 407. Closely allied to the preceding. Distinguished principally by the small tubercle in the thoracic impressions ; carina ol: hind angles very short. Elytral intervals more convex. Length 14-16 mm. Very common throughout the State beneath logs, etc., in open woods. ]\Iarch 31-Oetober 20. The so-called "tubercle" is only an elevated space between the two striae of the basal impression. It is my opinion that a large series of specimens will show coracinus to be only a form of stygicus, Say's name having priority. 127 (547). Ptekostichus relictus Xewm., Entom. Mag., Y, 1838, 387. Resembles both cdnichtiis and sti/i/iciis. Thorax longer, more distinctly narrowed behind and without carina at hind angle or tubercle In basal im- pressions, the latter, therefore, being single. Elytral stri.-e deeper, with narrower, much more convex intervals. Length 16-17 nun. Putnam, Vermillion, Vigo and Knox counties; scarce. May 25- September IS. Occurs beneath stones in deep ravines. !)4 FA:\[rT,^' TT. fAHABID/E. ll's (."i.".,). I'Ti;i;(JSTicHLs PKKMi .\i)i s s.iv. TniMs. Ainer. PhiJ. S'pc. I\'. 1S34, 4Ur, ; ibid. II. .140. Elli[(ti<•- lurs frei|uently throughout the southern half of the State be- neath logs in open sandy woods. Most common in autumn. March :]l-Oct.)licr 20. l'lA IIS Ot CHO! P C. ((. Three bas.-il joints of antenna^ distincti.v carinate: li.i^al imipn-ssicjiis of thora.x double. h. LeiTS lilaelv; dorsal punctures two; body above -'reeu or lironzeil. pol- isjied ; under siirfaee not jmnctureil. 12!!. s.wi. hh. I.e^is usuall.v redilisli ; (b.rsal punctoivs four: b:idy .iliMve iireeii or bluish, not r>olisiied : under surface pum-tuied. l:'.ll. LCXCBL.iSDl s. nil. K.iv.il j. lints .ii aijtenr,:e simple, not carinate; color black, rarely pur- lilisll. i: Jiersal pnucuires of elytra thn r four. '/. Hind au(.'les ,,( lljurax carinate: basal im|>ressioiis l;iri.'e and dec;i. bisUiale. ' . Thora.x much nai inwed behind. Iho anodes i-ectan-iilar ami |iri.iiil- nent. Fig. ,59. X .5. (.yter Forbes). THE GROUND BEETLES. 95 f. Basal Impressions not or very sparsely punctured ; elytra iri- descent, the strise fine ; size larger. 14^16 mm. 131. EBENINUS. //. Basal impressions distinctly punctulate ; elytral strise deeper ; smaller, not over 11.5 mm. 132. CAtDiCAus. ee. Thorax less narrowed behind, the angles small, rectangular, but slightly prominent, impressions punctured. g. Smaller, not over 10 mm. ; form slender. 133. luctuosi s. gg. Larger, 14-15 mm. ; form broader. 134. coRviNtis. 'W. Hind angles of thorax not earinate, basal impressions single. h. Basal impressions wide and deep; thorax strongly margined; ligula obtusely earinate. '. Size very large, 22 or more mm. ; surface but little polished, female dull. 135. haldemani. a. Size smaller, not over 20 mm. ; surface polished, shining. j. Elytral strise deep, distinct to apex ; surface moderately brilliant; size 16-20 mm. 136. TASTAKicrs. ij. Elytral strise fine, very faint towards apex; surface very brilliant; size 15 mm. 1.37. sceutatoe. hh. Basal impressions linear; thorax finely margined; ligula not earinate. 7.-. Color purplish ; basal impressions not punctured. 138. PtJEPTJEATUS. TcTc. Color black ; basal impressions punctured. 139. mutus. cc. Dorsal punctures of elytra five or six, large, deeply impressed. ?. Hind angles of thorax small, dentiform ; elytra black, shining. 140. PENNSTLVANICUS. U. Hind angles obtuse ; elytra dark reddish-brown, feebly bronzed. 141. LUCZOTII. 129 (564). Pteeostichus sati Brulle., Silb., Rev. Entom., Ill, 2tT. Oblong, somewhat flattened. Bronzed or green above ; sometimes nearly black ; basal third of antennse reddish-brown. Thorax a little wider than long, feebly narrowed behind, more so in front; margins not depressed; basal impressions deep, punctate, the outer much the shorter ; hind angles rectangular. Elytral strife deep, punctate. Length 10-12.5 mm. Throughout the State; common. March 19-October 20. Prob- ably hibernates. *130 (565). Pteeostichus luctjbiandus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 55 ; Ibid. I, 177 ; II, 478. Resembles the preceding but less flat and without the brilliant polish of surface. Color exceedingly variable, usually green or bluish. Thorax wider, not narrowed behind ; margin wider, more reflexed, depressed near the hind angles. Elytral strise smooth, rarely finely punctate; intervals subconvex, flnely alutaceous. Length 10-14 mm. (Fig. 60.) Very common throughout the State. February 21-September 22. Hibernates as imago. The dorsal punctures are usually four. [7—23402] 96 FAiriLY II.- iARABin.'E. located on third interval, one near end of sr-uti'llar stria, one .just behind the middle, the other tivo on apical third. In one specimen at hand there are six on each ely- tron, those on the left all on third interval; those on riofht. four in regular position on third interval and t wo on fifth, opposite the hinder pair on third. *]31 (^"jiiS). Pteeostichi .s ebexixi s Dej., S]«e. III. Isi'T. 307. Elongate-oblong. Black or piceiii^. shining; elytra more or less iridescent. Thorax wider at apex than base, sides much rounded, sinuate near htttd an- gles. Blytral strife shallow, very fine- ly punctured ; intervals flat. Length :4-16 mm. Lake. Fulton. Yigo and Knox '■((Unties : frequent. Usually found beneath logs and rubbish near water. Hibernates. February 23- next three species the scutellar stria is long and the eljirra each have three dorsal punctures, the first one on the third .stria, the other two near the second stria behind the middle. Fig. 60. / .5 October 2 CAft^r Forbes.) In this and the *132 (."i(;!i(. l'TKK(jsTirHt"s c.\L"DiCAiis Sn.\. Trans. Amer. 1N23. 56 : ibid. II. JsfJ. Phil. II. Elongate, slender. Black, shining: autenme reddish-brown, legs piceous. Thorax shaped as In cbminus, the margin more narrow, less reflexed at base; impressions, as well as the spacp liotween them, sparsely and coarsel.v punctured. Striae of elytra deeper, flnel.v punctured. Length 10-11.5 mm. Throughout the State; common, ^farch l!i-0(tober 1^ bernates. Hi- 133 (5((j). Pteeostichus luctuosvs Dej.. Sijeo. III. 1^2i. 2st. Resembles caitflicaJh but smaller and more slender. Thorax more quadrate, less narrowed behmd. Elytra but little wider than thorax, the strise deep, very finely punctured. Length S-'.i mm. Throughout the State: common in the northern counties, less s(( in the southern portion. Occurs beneath rubbish, usually near water. ]Mav 10-.\u'_mi>1 27. THE GEOUXT) BEETLES. 97 134 (571). FxEBOiTicHis CORVI-M .^ Dej., Spec. Ill, 1,S27, 2S1. Elongate, more robust. Black, antennae and tarsi piceous. Thorax rather short, sides rounded, not sinuate, hind angles very slightly promi- nent or subobtuse; basal impressions very deep, sparsely and coarsely punctured. Elytral strise deep, not. or very finely punctured. Length l;-^.5-15 mm. Frequent aljout the margins of lakes in the northern half of the State ; not yet taken in the southern half. May 5-October 29. 135 (572). Ptekostichus haldem.\ni Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848, 341. Oblong, very roljust. subdepressed. Black, elytra not shining ; an- tennae and tarsi piceous. Thorax a little broader than long, narrowed be- hind, sides scarcely sinuate, basal impressions not punctured. Elytrai striae narrovr. deep, not punctured ; intervals convex. Length 22-24 mm. A southern form, rare in Indiana. Two specimens from mar- gins of cypress swamp, Knox County. April 23-May 25. This species and the next two were formerly classed under the genus Lophoglossus Lee, distinguishefl by the ligula being obtusely cari- nate for its whole length. They also have the thorax strongly re- tlexed, gradually wider behind, the front transverse line deep, dis- tant from margin, the hind angles obtuse; dorsal punctures three. 1.36 (573). Pterostichus taktaricis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S23, 44; ibid. II, 4(39. Oblong, depressed. Black, shining, antennae, tibi.-i.- and tarsi piceous. Thorax with sides distinctly sinuate towards the base. Elytral strise finely and indistinctly punctate, intervals subeouvex. Male witli subapical tooth on inner surface of middle tibiic sliort, olituse; the apical process large, acute. Length 16-20 mm. Throughout the western half of the State, common; especially .so in sandy localities near water. Hibernates. April 17-Decem- ber 28. 137 I."i74). I'TEEOSTiciirs scKUT'ATOii Lec, Ann. Lj-c. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848. 342. Oblong, depressed. Black, very shining; legs and antennae piceous. Hind angles of thorax less prominent than in tiirtaricuN and elytral striae differing as mentioned in key. Male with subapical tooth of middle tibia' long and sharp ; the apical process not distinct. Length 15-lC mm. Cass County; rare. September 15. Two specimens taken by Dr. Robert Hesrsler from a ditch dug about a burning peat bog near Royal Center. 98 FAiriLT II. — tababid.t;. 13'^ 1 517). PTEKOsTicHis PUBPURATUS Lee.. .J'jnm. Phil. Acad. Xat. ?<'i. II, 1^-j-i. 242. Elongate, rather robust. Head and thorax black, shining; elytra and femora with a distinct purplish tinge; antennse and tarsi piceons. Thorax snbquadrate. but little narrowed behind, sides rounded, hind angles ob- tuse. Elytral striiE deep, not punctured : intervals convex. Length 13-14 mm. Knox and La'wrenc-e courities: rare. August 31-September 26. This and the next species have the hind tarsi with three joints grooved on the outer side : the dor=;al punctures three and the front transverse line of thorax short and interrupted. *l.j€i i.57>i. PTEBOsncHus MUTis Sar. Trans. Amer. Phil. S.x-.. IL l^i;. 44: ibid. II. 470. EloDzate, rather .slender, subdepressed. Black, shin- ing : antenna and legs piceous. Thorax more evident- ly narrowed at base, side^ less rounded, bind angles distinct Elytral stria deep, finely punctured, inter- vals subconvex. Length 10-12..5 mm iFig. 60a.) Throughout the State: common. Hibernates. April -^-December 13. 140 i.5>0p. PiEEosntHxs PE:sxsyLTA>;ici s Lee.. Proa Phil. Ac-ad. Nat. Sei.. 1S7.3. 314. Elongate, rather robust Black, very shining; palpi, tibiae and tar-i dark reddish-brown. Side margins of thorax a little wider toward the base, basal impressions linear with a few pimctures. Elytral striae deep, indistinctly ptmctured; intervals slightly convex, the third with five large punctures, the basal one near the third stria, the others on or near the second. Length 11-12..0 mm. A northern species taken in Lake County, near Pine; rare. -June 26. 141 (.5S.5). PiEEOSTicHus Luczom Dej.. Siiec.. III. isi7. 321. Elongate-oval, rather slender, subdepressed. Head and thorax black: antennae, legs and elytra dark reddish-brown. Thorax narrowed behind: sides oblique, narrowly dejiiessed; hind angles obtuse, basal impressi'U- sparsely punctured. Elytral striae finely punctured, the secrnd and third with five or six large, indented dorsal ptmctures placed somewhat alter- nately; intervals nearly flat. Length 11-12..5 mm. Steuben County ; rare. August 1 3. Four specimens were taken from beneath leaves in a low wooded tract on the eastern border of Clear Lake. A species of northern range. Gaorp D. Three small Sfiecie,-, comprise this group. In addition to the characters given in key to Groups, they have the side pieces of THE GROUXT) BEETLES. 99 metathorax long ; doi-sal punctures three ; hind tarsi with three or four joints grooved on outer side ; basal impressions of thorax deep, single ; -odngs wanting except in erythropus. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP D. (/. Scutellai- stila wanting ; thorax subquadi'ate, bind angles strongly rounded. 142. ekvthbopiis. II (I. Scutellar stria long. 6. Elytral striae not punctured; liiud angles subreetangular, sliglitly prominent. 143. patbueus. hb. Basal half of elytral striae punctured ; bind angles obtuse. 144. FEMOEAUS. 142 (.">s.Ti. Ptebostichus eeythropus Dej., Spec. Ill, 1827, 240. Elongate-oval. Black, strongly shining; antennae and legs reddisb-brown. Thorax nearly square, sides feebly curved, widely depressed near the hind angles, which are strongly rounded; basal impressions and elytral striae not punctured. Length 8-8.5 mm. (Fig. 61.) Throughout the State, frequent; usually beneath rubbish in sandy localities near water. Probably hi- bernates. March 19-November 5. 143 (587). Ptebostichus patruelis Dej., Spec. V, 1S2'.), 759. Elongate, slender, subcylindrical. Black, feebly shining; antennae and legs dark reddish-brown. Thorax feebly narrowed behind, sides mod- erately rounded, basal impressions sparsely punctured. Elytral striae deep; intervals nearly flat. Length 7.5 mm. Throughout the State; more frequent in the northern half. March 26-October 25. *144 (588). Ptebostichus femoralis Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., IV, 1837, 31. Resembles the preceding, but the form is less slender, the hind angles of thorax more obtuse and the elytral striae finely punctured at least as far as the middle. Length 7.5 mm. Throughout the State; common. Hibernates as imago. Feb- ruary 6-December 18. XXV. EvARTHBUS Lee. 1852. (Gr., " good -i- joint.") Black beetles of medium or large size, possessing the characters of the tribe Pterostichini as above given. Last joint of labial palpi shorter than the next to last, the latter with several long setae in front. Elytra with rounded humeri and one dorsal puncture, lo- cated near the third stria just behind the middle. Hind tarsi not grooved on outer side. Wings wanting; mandibles striate. Pro- sternum not margined behind. 100 FAinXT n. CABABID.E. The members of this genns ri-st-mble th">e of Pferostkhus and ale found in the same situations though le>-s frequently. Of seven -peeimens dissected by Dr. Forbe>. in.sects such as canker worms and caterpillar^ had formed 93 pe^r 'ent of the food, so that they may lir i-las.-<"d as liitrhly Ix-iiffii-ial. For literature ti-eating of tin- »eiiiis -<-,- tin- HinI two [lajM-rs li\ !.'•< 'onte mentioned under Pfirostirhns, also the following; L(C"A SPKc IL.^ OF ETAETHRl -. II. Thorax subqnadrate, but little ei.Q~trii-tec-utellar stria wantiriL.'. c. Strhe of elytra ~rr. ngl.v punctured. d. Margin of thorax wide, especially at tiase. 14-5. sexlmpees~l s. dd. Margin of thora;s: narrow, nearly uniform. 14jX sitiLi_\Trs. cc. Striae of eljtra finely punctured. 147. AirERic.\x: > 66. Thorax as Ihqz as wide: s.;-utellar siria ^'I■^■*erlt. rather lon^. 14S. OEBAT[>. nil. Thorax strongly c-'iii^tricted behind: pri.iStemum feebly or "bs-letely suleate. e. Hind angles of thorax prominent: scrl:e of elytra fine. cor"~-i - Of:. Hind angles of thorax shi rt>^r. le~- prominent: ^rriae of el.rtr.i det?i«. f. ^^i'les of thorax much rounded. 140. -..:i.\li-. /f. Sides ijf thorax Itss rounded, more oblique. l.'io. fvetiti-. 14.". i610». EvAKTHBr s .sExiiiPKi^-rs I.«c., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hi~r.. IV. IM^. .350. Elr.n?atf-..T.il. Black, head and thorax feebly -liinin? ; apical hali of antenna and tarsi reddi-li-brnwn: l.i-.ii joinrs of antennte. femora and tibia piceous. Thorax not punctate. ~;.l.s r .unded. Elytra very finely alutaeeijus. opaiiue: intervaN Hat. Leu-rrh IL.t-]. ",..", mm. Southern half of State, frequent; less so in the northern eoim- ties. April 29-Xovember 19. Oer-urs mostly on dry wooded sl..[.e- beneath lugs and stones. In this and the next three -pn-eies the thorax has the hind angles olitns.- and the side^ not .-inuate near base. THE GROUND BEETLES. 101 146 (611). EvARTHRUs sifjiLLATUs Stiy, Tr;ins. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1S:>:i 42; ibid. II, 46S. Very close to scwimprvfit^ux. Thorax with more narrow margin which is not inflexed or widened near base, the basal impressions more shallow. Female dull black ; male often more shining. Length 15-17 mm. Southern half of State ; scarce. May 12-October 20. 147 (612).. BvARTHKUS AMKEicANis Dej.. Spec. Ill, 1827, 392. Form proportionall,\- liroader than in the two preceding species. Thorax with hind angles less obtuse and elytra more finely punctured. Thorax slightly narrowed in front, the margin fine, not reflexed. Elytra in both sexes subopaque. Length 15-lS mm. Crawford, Knox and Perry counties; scarce. May 15-Septem- ber 10. 148 (613). EvABTHEUs OEBATUs Newm., Entom. Mag., V, 1838, 386. Thorax not broader than long, slightly narrowed be- hind, the margin narrow and scarcely reflexed ;■ hind an- gles less strongly carinate. Elytral striae deeper than in the preceding species, rather finely punctate; intervals more convex. Length 15-17 mm. (Fig. 62.) IMarshall and Posey counties; rare. April 10- October 17. E. colossus Lcc, 16-22 mm. in length, has been taken in Kentucky and Illinois, and doubtless oc- curs in southern Indiana. ' Kg. 62 149 (620). EvAKTHBus SODAIJS Lee. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848, 349. Elongate-oblong. Dull black, the apical half of antennse and tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax suborbicular, the sides strongly rounded to near base, then suddenly sinuate, the base much narrower than apex. Elytra finely alutaeeous, rather deeply striate, the strise coarsely punctured ; in- tervals subconvex. Length 15-17 mm. Southern half of State, frequent ; not yet taken in the northern counties. April 3-September 16. 150 (621). EvARTiiius FiTETivus Lec, Journ. Thil. Acad.- Nat. Sci., 1852, 233. Differs from xodiilifi in having the thorax more broadly and obliquely rounded on the sides. ^A■hir■ll are but slightly sinuate near the hind angles. Length 15-16.5 mm. ThroughonJ the State, fre(|upnt; less so northward. April 3-- September 27. 102 FAMIXT II. CAEABID3!. XXVI. Amaba Bon. ]-13. (Gr.. "to shine.") Black, brownish or bronzed beetles of medium size, possessing the characters of the tribe Pterostichini as previotisly given. Form usually oval or oblong, convex; last joint of labial palpi shorter than the next to last, the latter with several setie in front : thorax usually -wider than long and in most species as wide at base a« elytra, the latter without dorsal punctures, ^lales with the first three .joints of the front tarsi dilated, with two rows of scales be- neath. The genus is a large one and the species very difficult to sep- arate by a table or key unless both sexes are present. Even then a number of the species resemble one another so closely as to be only doubtfully placed. Its members are, according to Dr. Forbes, mainly vegetable feeders, though one of the larger ones, obesa, is known to feed largely upon the eggs of locusts or grasshoppers. They occur mostly in inoist situations, beneath logs, stones, etc.. and several species are known to hibernate as imagoes. The following are the principal papers on the Xorth American species : LeConte. — "Notes on the A marge of the United States," in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. YII. 1-^55. 346. Horn. — "Synoptic Tables." in Trans. Amer. Entom. Soc, V. 1874, 127. Horn. — "A Study of Amara," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XIX. 1892, 19. ' Wickham.~In Joum. N. Y. Ent. Soc. IV. 1^96. 33. Hay ward. — "Studies in Amara." in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. XXXrV. 1908, 13-66. About 70 species are known from the United States. Of these 19 have been taken in Indiana, while two or three others probably occur. For convenience the Indiana species are separated into three groups, and these in turn iato species. KEY TO GEOtPS OF INDIANA AMABA. a. Thorax distinctly broader in front > 'f than at the base, and usnally more or less cordiform. Group A. aa. Thorax broadest at base, thence gradually narrowed to apex. 6. Hind tibiie pubescent on the inner side in the males. Group B. 66. Hind tlbire net distinctly pubescent on the inner side in the males. Group C. Gbotjp a. But five species, whose known range is such as to probably in- clude Indiana, belong to this group. With one exception they are THE GEOUND BEETLES. 103 our largest species, and are elongate-oblong and convex in form, black or piceous in hue, usually strongly shining, rarely very feebly bronzed. The apical spur of front tibiffi is always simple and the elytral striae are punctured. It includes the Indiana representa- tives of the subgenera C jirfonotus, Leiocnemis and Bradytus of Hayward 's paper. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP A. ('. Prosternum not iiuirgined at tip; middle tibiae of male with two teeth on the inner side ; punctures on base of thorax limited to the im- pressions. 151. PENNSYLVANICA. iiti. Prosternum margined at tip; middle tibise of males not toothed. 6. Hind tibUe of males not distinctly pubescent on the inner side; thorax punctured from side to side at base. 152. avida. 66. Hind tibiae of males distinctly, usually densely pubescent on the inner side; basal impressions of thorax broad, bifoveate, with few or no punctures between them. r: Scutellar stria very short or obsolete; side pieces of metastemum punctured. 153. bxarata. cc. Scutellar stria long ; side pieces of metasternum smooth. d. Prosternum of male with a shallow sparsely punctured oval space at middle, simple in the female; larger, 8.7-10.5 mm. 154. LATIOR. ;f.. 153 (liiHi. Amaba exaeata Dej., Spei-., III. 1^2S. 50".J. Oblong-uval, r. 'bii^r. very convex. Blacki^li-pkeous. sliinliiir : auteniiii- and l^s reddish-brown, the former as long as the head and thorax. Thorax snbquadrate, about one-half wider than long, basal impressions broad, donble, pnnctured; hind augle~ small, aente, very obtusely carinate. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, rhe strise deep, elusely punctured. length v-10 mm. (Fig. 64.) Throughout the S:ate: c-onimmi. vember 11. Hibernate Januarv 13-Xo- Fig. M. X 3i. "igiail Fig. 63. X 5. (Afle. ■■inith.) 154 I'U. I. AiiABA LATioB Kirby. Faun. Bur. Amer.. IV. ISli. 3ij. Elongate-oblong, feeblj^ c-onvex. Pieeous to black, often ^lightly bronzed, surface finel.v alutaeeous in females. Thorax abtut one-half wider than long, not sinuate near base : hind angles subrectangular. very obtusely cari- nate, basal impressions broad, bifoveate, punctate, the inner fovea longer than the outer. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, rather deeply -. July 29. A member of the Alleghanian faima which probably ooeurs throughout the northern tiird of the State. A. «chw(n-zi. Hayward. usually listed a- s^pf(nirio)iaI>s Lee., was d'-si ribed from Lake Superior and may also occur in northern In- diana,. Gboct B. To this group beloiitr nine medittm-sized oval, black or pieeous. and nsuiiUy bronzed-shining species. The antenna? are black or pieeous with the two to four lia^al .ioints paler. The eMra are rarely, and then only slightly. ^viJer than the thora.x at ba^e and THE GROUND BEETLES. 105 their stria; are distinctly piinetured in but one of the nine, while the hind angles of thorax are never carinate. The group includes the subgenera Tricena and Amara of Hay-ward's paper. KEY TO SPECIES OF SROUP B. a. Apical spur of front tibito trifld; scutellar stria of elytru terminating in an neeUate (eye-like) puncture at base; antennae witli the tliree or four basal joints pale. b. Thorax narrowed from base to apex, its hind angles obtuse; fourth joint of antennje in great part i>ale. 155. angustata. bb. Thorax narro^^ed from slightly behind the middle to apex, hind angles sharply rectangular ; fourth joint of antenna; in great part piCeOUS.- PALLIPES. «(/. Apical spur of front tibia; simple. c. Basal joints of antennae not carinate; prosternum of nialt' not punc- tured. il. Sfutellar stria terminatin); in an ocellate puncture; femora piceous (ir dark reddish-brown, tlbi.-e ;iud tarsi paler. 156. IMPUNCTICOLLIS. '/(/. Scutellar stria without ocellate puncture. ( . I'jlytr;il stria; punctured; base of thorax finely iiuuctured. 157. BASILLAEIS. !■<■. Elytral stria; not or nbsoletely punctured; base of thorax smooth. f. Thorax narrowing from basal angles to apex ; form broad, ro- bust ; terminal spur (if front tibiiE stouter than usual. CEASSISPINA. ff. Thorax narrowing from in front of base ; form oblong-oval ; terminal spur of front tibin' normal. 158. cupreolata. fc. Antenuie with basal joints 2 and :l carinate above. g. Scutellar stria ending in an i.;ellate puncture. 159. fallax. rjff. Scutellar stria without puncture. h. Basal impressions of thorax very faint; larger, 7.5-9 mm. 160. PKOTBNSA. liJi. Basal impressions of thorax distinct, the outer oblique; smaller, 6-7 mm. 161. polita. 155 (651). Amaba angustata Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S23, 36; ibid. II, 463, 542. Oval, convex. Black, bronzed, hhining ; legs dull reddish-yellow. Thorax one-half wider than long, hind angU-s obtusely rounded, outer basal impres- sion obsolete, the inner small, siiarsely or not at all punctured. Elytra not wider than tliorax. gradually narrowed from the base; surface finely alutar-eous. the stri^' not punctni'ed. or sparsely punctate at base; soutellar stria ending in a laige evp-like ]iun(ture. I^ength 6-7.5 mm. Common in southern half of the State : less so in the north. .April 10— Tniie 20. On tlu; fir^1 warm days of oarly spring this spe- cies niid the next arc often found running raiiidly about near the l)ases of trees and stumps in open woodland pastures. 106 FAMILY IT.- !ARABID^. Fig. 65. X 4i. (OriginaL) ]o6 nioij- Amaba iMPu^^cTicoLus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., II, 1823, 36; ibid. II, 463. 542. Oval, convex. BlaekJsli-bronzed, often with a faint greenish tinge; femora piceous, tibiae and tarsi paler. Thorax subquadrate, narrowed from slightly behind middle to apex ; surface smooth ; inner basal impres- sion often evident, not punctured, outer one obsolete. Elytra as wide at base as thorax, striae shallow, not punctured ; a single large pvmcture at junction of sec- ond and sutural strise. Length 7-9 mm. ( Fig. 6-5. i Throughout the State ; common. Probably hi- bernates. ]\Iarch 12-Ootober 21. The females have the upper surface alutaeeous. *l.oT (659). Amaba basiliabis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Six-., II. 1S2;-!. 35; ibid. II, 462. 542. Oblong-oval, convex. Blackish-bronzed or purplish-blact, shining; legs reddish-brown, the femora darker. Thorax subquadrate, nearly twice as wide as long, narrowed from about the middle to apex ; basal impressions double, with numerous distinct punctures, the inner longer than the outer. Elytral strise rather deep, punctured. Length T-S.o mm. Vigo Cnunty; rare. January 13. Taken from beneath mullein leaves. l.oS (6fil). Amaba crrBEOLATA Putz.. Mem. Liege. I. l$6f;, i->0. Oblong-oval, convex. Bronzed or purplish-bltiek. shinin?. the females finely alutaeeous ; antennaB and legs piceous. Thorax one-half wider than long, narrowed from about one-third in front of base and rounded to apex : basal impressions feeble or wanting; hind angles obtusely rounded, the puncture near them distant from side margin and much nearer the basal. Elytra not wider than thorax, subparallel to behind the middle, the strise not or very finely punctured. TLength 6-7 mm. Throughout the State; our most common species. ^larch ^ •July 24. Resembles impuncticoUis but readily distinguished by the lack of ocellate puncture at basp of scutellar stria. 159 (664). Amaba faliax Lee. Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist., IV, 1S4S. 362. Oval, moderately convex. Blackish-bronzed, shining in males, alu- taeeous in females: under surt'nre and femora black, tibise and tarsi dark reddish-brown. Thorax nearly twi-teestitialis r>e.i.. Sp. Gen. Ill, :'>2S. 472. Otilong-oval. moderat€-ly convex. Colni- variable: brownish-bronze to green, cupreous or nearly black. Thorax loss than twice as wide at base as long, apex feebly einarginate. hind angles ie< tangular ; Imsal impressions usually distinct but shallow, the outer •iblique. the inner -^hort, not punc- tured. Elytral strire with very fine, indistinct imnetures: intorvals more or less convex witli undulating surf;ioe. Lengtli 7-9 niui. A species of northern range, rare in Indiana. A single speri- nien was taken in Vigo County from beneath drift in a swamp. Several others '.vere obtained near Hessville and Wolf Lake, Lake Cotmty. by Woleott. March 26-:\lay 26. 163 ('669). Amara erratha Sturm. Deats.he Ins.. VI. 55. Elongate-oval. Bronzed-cupreous or nearly black. ^Iiinuiu': antenuse piceous black, the two basal joints often reddish: under surface and legs piceous, shining. Thorax not twice as wide at base as long at middle. side> narrowing to front, hind angles rectangular: basal impressiiins very feeble, the outer usually the smaller and obliquely jilaced : surface rarely slightly punctate near the iimer depression. Elytra finely striate, the stris finely but distinctly punctured: intervals flat or slightly convex. alutaeei'US in female. Length iV-7.5 mm. Lake County: scarce. INIareh 26--Tiine 26. A oircumpolar spe- cies which finds its snuthem limit in the transition life zone of northern Indiana. Although Horn s^ys in his key that the surface is not. alutaeeous it is distinctly sci jn the female. ir,4 (i:74i. .ViiARA OBESA S.iy. Trans. Amer. Phil. So... II. 1^2.^. :!7: ibid. II. 464. Oblong-oval, robust, not very convex. Fii-eous black, shin- ing; elytra opaque in female: antennae and legs reddish- brown. Thorax one-half broader tian long, hind angles rectangular: basal impre^-^i ii< double, finely punctate, the \ outer deeper and with ui exlernal carina. Elytral striiv fie 66 •- 2 '"ore deeply iuiiiro-^^edal .-ipex. very finely puni-turcil. Length (.tfter Riley.)' :M2mni. (Fig. i;i;. i THE GBOl'XD BEETLES. 109 Lake County, frequent along the south shore of Lake Michigan ; also taken in Lagrange and Marion counties. June 15-Oetober 28. Probably occurs throughout the State. ItiS (l.iTS)., .\M,\KA KEsuii K.si KI.\ I A De.j.. Sp. (ieu., HI, 1S2«. 41'J. Obloug-oval, 1)1 .ilei'Mtely uonvex. Reddish-brown or slightly piceous, males shiuin^', females dull ; auteima- and legs pale reddish yellnw. Thorax one-halt broader al base than long, hind angles sharply rectangular; basal impressions double, shallow, sparsely and {.-oarsely punctate, the outer some- what triangular, the inner linear. Elytral stri;e tine, smooth or very finely punctate; intervals flat. Length 0.5- s mm. Vigo and Crawford counties; rare. April :^n~September 21. 166 (677). Amaba chaxcea Dej., Spec. Gen., HI, 1S2S, 476. Form more broadly oval and more convex thau the next. Piceous, shining, surface slightly bronzed ; antennae and legs reddish-brown. Thorax nearly t\'\-ioe as wide at base as long at middle, hind angles rectangular; basal impressions double, rather large and deep, sparsely and rather coarse- ly punctured. Elytral striie not punctured : intervals Hat. Length (J..'5-7 mm. Vigo County; rare. April 17. 167 (6S2). Amaba sub^enea Lee, Agass. Lake Sup., Is.jO, 20>. Oblong-oval. I'iceous or dark reddish-brown, faintly bronzed, shining ; antennoe and legs dark reddish-yelluw. Thorax about one-half wider at base than long at middle, distinctly narrowed at aisex, front angles distinct, hind angles rectangular; basal inijiressions rather deep, the inner larger, sparsely and coarsely punctured. Elytral striic finely and crenately punc- tured. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. A northern form, kncnvn from Indiana by a single specimen taken by Wolcott near Clarke Junction, Lake County, June 2'1. 168 (681). Amara KUBEiiA Hald., Proc. I'hil. Acad. Xat. Sci., I, , ;;ui. Oblong, moderately convex. Reddish to chestnut-brown, shining; an- teniise and legs paler. Thorax not t\s'ice as wide as long, hind angles very obtuse; basal impressions shallow, usually punctured. Elytra slightly wider at base than thorax, stria' finely, crenately punctured; intervals convex. Length 6-7 mm. Southern third of State ; scarce. May 6-Oetober 9. 160 (683). Amaea MLSOtiLVS Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Sue, II, 1823, o5 ; ibid. II, 462. Oblong-oval. Piceous or dark reddish-brown, shining; antennae and legs pale reddish-brown. Thorax one-half wider than long, distinctly nar- r(.)wed in front ; basal impressions almost obliterated, sparsely punctate or smcx>th. Elytral striiv as In iiihiirii. which species it closely resembles and from which it is best separated by its smaller size and lack of punctures on sides of metasternum. Length '<'<.'< nnn. 310 FAJfTLT II. CAEABIT1.E. Our smallest member of the genus; eommon throughout thf State. Often found in autumn on flowers of goldenrod {Soli- rMgo). April 4-October 27. XXVII. LoxAXDRT's Lee. l'^o2. (Gr.. "oblique + male.") Flattened, elongate-oblong or oval. bla.ek or piceous beetles of medium or small size, possessing the ohai-aoters of the tribe Pteros- tiehini. Differing from Pterostichy.s and allied genera by having the front tarsi of males obliquely dilated; mandibles not striate; mentum tooth emarginate. The thorax is scarcely or not at aU narrowed behind and has the basal impressions single, linear and straight and the front transverse line distinct, very close to the apical margin. The wings are always present and there is one dorsal puncture on the third interval .just behind the middle. Al- though they are shining and often more or less iridescent, they are rarely -with color markings rither than the piceous or yellow shades of the antenna; and les-s. and, as a result, are verj- difiScult of sep- aration. They live beneath stones, logs and bark, especially that of oak, usually in damp locations, and when uncovered run very swiftly. The followins' are the principal papers treating of the genus: LeConte. — "Synopsis." in Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. II. 1852. 250. ZfC'oo/e.— "Synoptic Table." in Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XVII. 375: and in BuU. Brook. Entom. Sor-.. III. 1880. 10. About twenty species are known from the United States, six of which have been taken in Indiana, while another may occur. They belong to that division of the i'amily in which the side margin of The thorax is not fiat'ened toward the hind angles. KEY TO INDI.i^■A .SPECIES OF LOXAXDRl S. II. Larger, 9-1:3 mm. b. r.ags, or at lenst the tibi.e and tarsi, reilili^li-lirown : elytral strife punctate. c. Thorax ene-half wirier than long; lentrrh ll..".-i:3 unn. 170. EECTUS. rr. Thorax ver.v slightly wider than ions; fe'nnra often [lice ns : leniTtli 0-10 mm. 171. minor. hh. Legs whf'lly bla(k or pire- n-^ : elytral strise not pimctate. (1. Thorax wider than jonL'. its hind angles reitangular. 172. BKEVIC0T.LI>. ihJ. Thorax lunger than wi.'>-~ mm. Fulton, Yigo and Dubois counties ; scarce. January 7-Aueust 20. Occurs under bark of oak stumps and logs. ITS (TOT I. LoxAXDKts VELOX Dej.. Spec. III. is2s. 24."i. Black or piceous. shining ; three basal joints of antenna; reddish-yellow, remainder darker. Thorax slightly wader than long, sides feeljly curved, basal impressions narrow. Elytral stria- distinctly punctureil : intervals flattened. Length o-iii mm. ilarion. Vigo. Lawrence and Crawford counties : scarce. Jan- uary 7-October 23. The reddish-yellow sutural spot near apex i^ sometimes indistinct. L. celer De,].. 6—7 mm. in length, is known from Illinois. Florida and Texas, and probably occurs in the southern third of Indiana. Tribe VI!. LICIXIXl. Antenna^ moderately long, arising from beneath a distinct fron- tal plate, two or three basal .joints glabrous; head short, with two sets above the eyes : labrum short, emarginate. longitudinally im- pressed: mandibles stout, more or less c-iu-ved. mentum deeply emarginate. ivithout a tooth. Thorax with one (rarely two) bris- tle-bearing punctures on the side and one near the hind angles. Body not pedunculate. Elytra striate, margined at base, not in- terrupted on the margin. Hmd coxit contiguous ; front tibiffi deep- ly emarginate on inner side, ilales with two or three joints ot front tarsi rather broadly dilated, spongy pubescent beneath and ciliate at the sides. Four genera represent the tribe in the United States, three of which occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GEXER.\ OF UCIXIXI. (I. Antemise with three basal jniuts entirely glabrous: size medium vv large. 10 i.r more mm. V. Elytra with oue dorsal puncture on the third interval (except in ohtusa) ; eighth and ninth stri;e very close. XXVIII. DiPLOCHILA. 66. Elytra without dorsal puncture: eighth and ninth stria; well sep- ■>i'!ited. XXIX. Dic.ELis. (III. .\ntenniv with only two basal joints Lrl.ibrous: si/e ^mall. not over T nnu. ; third interval with two dorsal punctures. XXX. Badiste.:. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 113 XXVIII. DiPLOCHiLA Brulle. 1835. (Gr., "double + lip.") Smooth black beetles of small or medium size. Elytra usually with one dorsal puncture near the middle of the third interval, the apex feebly sinuate. They live beneath stones and rubbish, usually m damp places. Three species and two varieties are known from the United States, all of which occur in Indiana. The following table is based on that of Dr. Horn in Bull. Brooklyn Entomological Society, III, 1880, p. 52 : KEY TO SPECIES OF DIPLOCHILA. '/. lllnd tingles of thorax tlistinct. h. Seveuth stria of el.vti-a feeble or almost obsolete; base of thorax broader than apex, c. Smaller, 13-15 mm. 176. laticollis. re. Larger, IS or more miu. 170a. var. ma.ior. f»&. .Seventh stria about as distinct as sixth; thorax less narrowed in front, base nujro narrowed, scarcely broader tlian a]iex. il. Elytral intervals all black. 177. impkessicoltjs. (/(/. -Alternate elytral intervals reddish-purple. 177a. var. altekn.Sins. ua. Hind angles of tlioi-ax (ibtusely rounded: elytr.il strire finer, seventh almost obsolete ; length 11-12 mm. 178. obtdsa. *17C (710). DiPLOCHiLA laticollis Lee. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848. 319. Black, feebly shining; antenme and tarsi dark brown, the basal joints of both iJiceous. Thorax one-half wider than long; sides curved to behind middle, thence oblique to base ; hind angles rectangular. Elytra finely alutaceous, the strife shallow, not or very faintly punctured ; intervals flat. Ivength 13-15 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. February 6-October 9. Some- times attracted by electric lights. 176a (710a). Diplochila laticollis major Lee, loc. cit., :ns. In addition to its larger size, this form lias the basal impressions oi" thorax broader and more shallow, the elytral strise finely but distinctly punctate, the seventh fainter, often wholly obsolete. Length 18-20 mm. Throughout the State ; common. :March 18-Oetnber 27. Usually considered a variety of la/icoUis, but probably distinct. 177 (711). DiPLOCHiLA IMPBBSSICOLLIS L>ej., Spec. V. ISHO, 682. Black. .\pex of thorax less narrowed than in Inticullifi. nearly as broad as l)ase. Elytral stria' deeper, rather coarsely punctured; interv.-ils iM(jre convex. Lenf,'th 16-17 mm. Lake, Lanorte and Vigo counties; seai'ce. Marcli 18--July 7. 314 FAiriLT II. CAEABID^. 177a ( ). DiPLocHiLA urPBEssicoLLis ai,teb>;a:>^s Casey. Differs from T.rpical impressicoUis only as shown in table. ;^ize the same. Vigo and Lake comities : rare. 3Iay SO-Jime 7. ITS (712 I. DiPLOCHiLA OBTUSA Lcc., Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist.. IV. 1S4S. .':^.20. Black, feebly s hinint' : antennre reddish-brown ; tibiae and tarsi piee<:>us. Thorax nearly one-half wider than Ion?, base wider than apex, sides feebly curved, basal impressions deep. Elytral striaa not punctured ; intervals feebly convex, the third without dorsal puncture. Length 11-12 mm. Eare: two specimens from Vigri County. April 11. XXIX. DiCELU? Bon. 1S13. (Gr., "two -pitted.") Black, violet or bronzed-purple beetles of large size. p<:issessins; the eharacters of the tribe Lieinini as above given. From allied genera they are separated by the absence of dorsal punctures and by having three ,ir)inrs of the antennae smooth. In our species tlie elytra are deeply striate, with the seventh interval earinate from the humerus to a varying distance, and "with the eighth and ninth striae well separated. The generic name refers to the impressions 7iear base of thorax. Their food has been shown by Dr. Forbes to be wholly of insect origia. thus proving their beneficial habits. They I'ceur beneath logs and stones, usually in high. dry. open woods. Seventeen species are known from the ITnited States. Of these nine have been taken in Indiana, while another perhaps occurs. For literature see : Horn. — ■Synoptic Table,"' in BuU. Brook. Ent. Soc.. Ill, 15S0. 51. WicklMm. — "Coleoptera of Northeastern America," in Joum. X. T. Entom. Soc. FT. l-9e;. 44. KEV TO I>T)IAXA SPECIES OF D1C.ELUS. II. Elytral intervals very irregular, interrupted by large puui-niies. 179. SCULPTIUS. 'la. Elytral intervals regular, not iuterrupted. Ii. Thorax distiuitly uarrowev at apex than base. c. Elyti'a not uniform black; l(u:.Th 1' — 2." mm. (I. Elytra viulaeei u^ or purjilish. Isd. piRPi K.\Ti .^. ilii. Elytra brilliant brassy or cuprecius. spixxDim s cc. Elytra blact. e. Intervals of elytra alternately broader and more convex; hu- meral carina very long. ISl. fukvts. ' e. Intervals of elytra e-S I 731,1. BAmsiER ^OTATUs Half!.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei.. I. 299. Elongate-oval, slender. Head and thorax black, shining ; color other- wise as given in key. Thorax obcordate ; hind angles obtuse ; basal Impres- sions deep, linear ; median impressed line entire, deep. Length Jr— 1.5 mm. Lake. ^Marion. Crawford and Posey eotmties; rare. May 5-Xo- vember 8. Is'.i » I 7a2 i . P.\Di>'rEB pl'Lcheij:.us Lee.. Ann. Lvr. Nat. Hist, IV. 1S4S. 41S. Elongate-oval. Head black, antennae dusky, first joint yellow. The two black spots on each elytron are sometimes connected by a broad stripe. Thorax obcordate, the basal Impressions broad and shallow. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. (Fig. 70a.) Lake. Kosciusko and Vigo counties ; scarce. Oc- curs beneath logs and bark along the margins of marshes and lakes. Hibernates as imago. Jan- uary 6-October 29. I'.iii 1, 7341. B.\DisTEE MACt"i.ATrs I>ec.. Trans. Amer. Phil. See.. X, 3S7. Elongate-oval. Color as given in key. Thorax obcordate with a deep. tran'- verse line between the basal miiaessiuus. the latter prominent : me- ilian impressed line entire, deep. Length 6 mm. One specimen from Vigo County. Found beneath log in sandy upland woods. October 17. Known before only from Pennsylvania. B. oitusus Lee., is a boreal species which may yet be found in northern Lidiana. B. flavipis Lee., is recorded from Cincinnati. i!il ( ). Badisteb latkeps sp. nov. Elongate-oval. Piceoiis. shining' : autennse and legs yellow, the apical half (if former gradually dusky; narrow margin of elytra and epipleura dull yellow. Head as broad as thorax, faintly alutaceous ; eyes prominent. Thorax slightly broader than louir. narrowed from in front of middle to linse: margins narrowly reflexed. scarcely more so near hind angles, which are .litu^e: surfac-e finely alutaceon-;. basal impression deep, median line entire. Elytral striiB well impresserl on dislv. more shallow on sides: in- tervals subconvex. Length 6 mm. Vigo. Knox. Clark and Perry counties; scarce. April 15-Sep- tember 27. Resembles ynicans closely and confused in my eoUee- lion with that species until the type was examined at Cambridge. In addition to differences mentioned in key the thorax in Miceps is less transverse^ and has the hrsal impressions deeper and better defined. From fcn-irqlnev.". a Californian species, to which it is also closely allied, it differs liy tlie less transverse thorax and the pale antennae THE GROUND "BEETLES. 119 192 (740). Badisteb micans Lee, Pi'oc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 52. Elongate-oval. Above picei.us with a bluish luster, the head darker; antennae dusky brown, the basal joint paler. Thorax one-half wider than long, the basal impressions broader and more shallow than in laticciis. Elytral strise feebly impressed: intervals fiat. length 5.5-6 mm. Kosciusko County : rare. October 29. 19.S (741). Badister reflexus I^ec. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1880, 166. Elongate-oval, slender. Piceous, feebly shining, the narrow margin of thorax and elytra dull yellow, translucent; antennse dusky, tip of last joint paler ; legs dull yellow. Thorax slightly wider than long, trapezoidal, narrowed behind ; basal Impressions and median line deep ; margins wider than in the two preceding species and more reflexed near the hind angles, which are obtuse, not rounded. Elytral strise fine; intervals broad, nearly flat Length 4 mm. Laporte. Marshall, Vigo and Knox counties ; rare. May 20-Sep- tember 2. Tribe VIII. PLATYNINI. Beetles of medium or small size, having the antennae slender, arising from beneath a slight frontal ridge, three basal joints gla- brous; head oval, rarely elongate, the eyes not very distant from thorax: mandibles moderately prominent, feebly curved, without a seta in outer groove ; mentum deeply emarginate, toothed or not. Thorax variable in form with a bristle-bearing puncture at sides and a second at or in front of the hind angle. Elytra margined at base, sides narrowly reflexed, apex obliquely sinuate, disk striate and in our species with dorsal punctures. Prostemum not pro- longed at tip; hind coxse contiguous. IMales with three joints of front tarsi feebly dilated and clothed beneath with small scales. Four of the five genera occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDJANA GENERA OF PLATYNINI. a. Eighth elytral stria distant from the margin, not deeply impressed; thorax truncate or emarginate at base. 6. Tarsal claws more or less serrate : mentum toothed ; tarsi glabrous above. XXXI. Calathus. 66. Tarsal claws not serrate. c. Mentum toothed. XXXII. Plattnus. cc. Mentum not toothed. XXXIII. Olisthopus. aa. Eighth elytral stria united with the margin in its basal half, deeply impressed atid reaching the suture. XXXIV. Perigona. 120 FAMILY ir. CABABITU:. XXXI. (ALATHrs Bmi. ]>13.^ (Mi., "a circular basket" or '' calyx-like." i Brownish or black beetles of medium ni- small size, possessing the charaiters of the tribe Platynini. From allied genera they are •separated by the smooth tar^i. the claws of which are serrate. Sis example.s of our most common species (arcgarius) were dis~;eeted hy Dr. Forbes, who found that two-thirds of their food consisted of oaterpillai-s and other insider lame, and the remainder of the pollen of irrasses. Oui- species occur beneath logs. etc.. u-;ually in dry upland woods. They are difficult to separate, and the only papers treating of them are by L, Conic. --In Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. VII, l--.;^-t. 36; 1S60. 317. Ten species have been described from the I'^nited States, three of which have been taken in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPttlES OF CALATHUS. «. Tlioiax mit narrowed behind, its base as wide as base of elytra; basal impressimis feeble or wanting. h. Entire upnei' surface polisbed. shining; sides of thorax moderately reflesed. 194. geegabits. hi). Head and thorax shining, elytra dull, opaque : sides of thorax de- pressed, broader behind, not reUexed. 19.j, opaculvs. (7(7. Thorax broadest rather before the middle, sliiihtlj" narrowed toward the base, the latter narrower than base of elyti-a ; basal impressions distinct. 196. lAiprNCXATis. '194 I 742 1 . Calathus greg.abits Say. Trans._ Amer. Phil. Soe.. II. 1S2?.. 47 : ibid. II, 472. Elongate-oval. Dark chestnut or reddish-brown, the margins of thorax paler; antennse and leizs reddish-brown. Thorax slightly longer than hr.iail. bind angles rounded. Elytral •5tri;e shallow, not punctured. Length toll niuv. Throughout the State : common. .January 11-Xovember 17. Gre- gariotis in cold weather. 'T.1.5 (7441. CAi_\THrs OPACDLUS Lec., Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., VII, 1S54. S7. I'orm of iircpaiiiis. Head and thorax reddish or < hestuut-brown : anttMuiiP and legs paler: eb^tra dull piienns or Aery (larl< brown. Thorax not longer than wide, sliirlitly narrowed toward apex. I'.l.vtra minutely alntace uis. the stri;e very fine. Length s.."i-io mm. i ("i'r. 71,1 Lake. Clarion, Ptitnam and Vigo counties; freciuent. -lanuary l-November 2-1:. Prob- Fig. 71. 3. (Original.) ablv occurs throughout the State. THE C4R0TJND T1ET5TLBS. 121 10(i (750). Caiatih s iiin xr'i'ATUs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S23, 45 ; Ibid. II, 471. Elongate-oval, Black or piteous, shining; antennsB and legs pale red- dish-brown. Thorax slightly wider than long, sides broadly curved, hind angles obtusely rounded, basal impressions not punctured. Blytral strise deep, u' variable in form, being either oval, cordate, square or rounded; the margin sometimes barely visible. Elytra oval or oblong, some- times elliptical, usually slightly sinuate at apex, sometimes almost truncate ; the interval between the second and third striffi with from three to seven dorsal punctures. The members of the genus occur beneath cover in all kinds of situations, some species being found only along the margins of ponds, streams and lakes, others in high, dry upland woods, and still others only in sandy locations. A number are known to hiber- nate as imagoes. The two papers treating of the species of the United States fauna are as f oUov/s ; LeConte. — "Synopsis of the Species of Platynus and Allied Genera Inhabiting the United States," w Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei., VII, 1854, 35. LeConte. — "Synopsis of the North American Species of Platy- nus," in Bull. Brook. Bntom. Soc., II, 1879, 43-58. About 90 species of Platynus have been described from the United States. Of these 41 are known to occur in Indiana. Since the number of species is so large, the genus in the table which fol- lows is first divided into groups, and these in turn into species. KEY TO GROUPS OF INDIANA PLATYNfS. (I. Elytra oval without humeral angles; .side pieces of metathonix siMii. not- much longer than wide ; thorax ovate, narrowed behind, usutiUy strongly margined at sides. Group A. an. Elytra with broadly rounded humeral angles; side pieces of metathorax longer than wide. 6. Hind angles of thorax not rounded. c. Front tarsi without .groo-\-cs. middle and hind tarsi with grooves on the sides ; thorax narrowed behind. Group B. 122 FAMILY IT. OARABID.B. cc. All the tarsi with distinct grooves on the sides; hind angles of thorax obtuse or rectangular. Group C. bl). Hind angles of thorax much rounded, i-arely obtuse or somewhat de- fined. d. Side margins of thorax wider toward the base and reflexed; tarsi with distinct lateral but no medial grooves. Group D. lid. Side margin of thorax narrow, but little if at all reflexed. c. Dorsal punctures of elytra three ; thorax rounded-oval, its basal impressions punctiform ; pubescence of antennse beginning on fourth joint. Group E. ce. Dorsal punctures 4 to 6; basal impressions not punctiform; pubescence of antennae beginning on third joint; thorax oval, margin narrowly reflexed. Group F. Group A. The species of this group are of a slender form, without inner ^vings or with feeble ones in quadrimaculatus ; legs and antenna long; thorax usually elongate; elytra regularly elliptical without distinct humeral angles, sinuate toward the tip and with the lateral margin broader and more reflexed than in the other groups. Four species whose range is such as to include Indiana belong to this group. KEY TO SPECIES OE GROUP a. «. Suture of elytra prolonged and divergent at tips; front tarsi with medial grooves on upper surface. 197. CAUDATts. aa. Suture of elytra not prolonged at tips ; front tarsi without grooves. &. Hind angles of thorax rounded ; elytral striae deep. c. Alternate intervals of elytra with numerous punctures ; antennae and legs pale reddish-brown. 198. htpolithus. cc. Third interval of elytra with four punctures; antennae and legs black. ANGUSTATUS. 66. Hind angles of thorax rectangular; striae of elytra shallow; thorax, base of elytra and subapieal spot yellow. 199. QUADRIMACULATUS. 197 (755). PiATYNUs CAUDATUS Lec, Xew Sp., I, 1863, 7. Elongate, narrow. Dark reddish-brown ; antennae and legs paler. Third joint of antennae nearly twice as long as fourth. Thorax elongate-ovate, side margins strongly reflexed, hind angles obtuse. Elytral margin strongly reflexed, obliquely sinuate near apex ; striae almost obsolete ; alternate in- tei-vals with an irregular row of rather large shallow punctures. Length 12.5 mm. Vigo and Lawrence counties ; very rare. ^lay 17-May 25. Oc- curs beneath rubbish or flat stones near water. 198 (759). Plattnus hvpolithus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., II, 1823, 59 ; ibid. II, 482. Elongate, slender, large for the genus. Black, shining; legs and an- tennae pale reddish-brown. Thorax one-half longer than wide, narrowed THE GEOUJTD BEETLES. 123 behind, margin strongly reflexed, basal impressions deep. Elytra elliptical ; striiB moderately deep ; intervals conves, the alternate ones with a row of rather large punctures on the sides. Length IS-l.o mm. fFig. 72.) Vigo, Putnam, Monroe and Franklin comities ; scarce. May 8- Oetober 4. Occurs beneath stones in deep wooded ravines. ]'.)'.:» (TfJ2i. Platyxus QUAOBiMACLLAii s Hnrn, Trans. Amer. Em. Sou.. XII, ISSo. 130. Elongate-oval, slender. Antf-nme, leirs and thorax reddish-yellow ; head .iiid elytra black, the latter with basal third and large rounded subaplcal spot reddish-yellow. Thorax somewhat cordiform. a little longer than wide, narrowed at br.se, with an extremely narrow reflexed margin. Elytra oval, Fig. 72. ■ 26. (Original. J fig. 73. (After Horn.) broader behind; intervals flat, the third with three very small dorsal punc tures. Length 7-7.5 mm. (Fig. 7.3.) Knox and Posey counties; rare. April 20-April 25. Oeeui-^ beneath cover in raoist localities.* P. angustatus Dej., 13-14 nun. in length, is said to inhabit the ^liddle and Southern States, and perhaps occurs in the hilly por- tion of southern Indiana. Geoup B. Composed of winged species, black or piceous in color, having the thorajc strongly margined, basal impressions large and deep, hind angles obtuse or rectangular. Elytra one-half or more broader than thorax, tnmcate at base, more or less sinuate toward the extremity, the .striae fine to deep, the second strife or third in- terval with three or four impressed punctures. »See Can. Ent. XXXVUI, 1906, p. 267. 124 FAjriLY ir. — carabiti.t;. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROCP B. u. Form rather broad; elytral strife deep. 6. Black, shining; elytral intervals convex. c. Larger, 12-14 mm., more depressed; elytra more deeply sinuate behind ; hind angles nf thorax obtuse : side pieces of metathorax not puiictured. 200. DEC^:^•^. ce. Smaller, 11 mm., less deinessed; hind angles of thorax rectangu- lar; side pieres ot metuthi.rax punctured. 201. sinuatl's. 66. Subopaque; elytral intervals flat, the stri;e less deep; hind angles of thorax obtusely rounded. 202. opaculis. Hfl. Form slender ; antenms and legs very long ; elyti'al strife fine. d. Elytra each with three dorsal punctures; piceous brown, the margin of thorax not paler, e. Hind angles of thorax almost rounded; side margins strongly re- flexed only on basal half ; elytral intervals alutaceous. 20.3. ciNcncoLLis. ee. Hind angles of thorax obtuse, not rounded; side margins strongly reflexed their full length ; legs and antenna pale reddish-brown : intervals not alutaceous. 204. eeflexis. (Id. Elytra each with four or five dorsal punctures; dark reddish-brown. the margin of thorax translucent. 20.5. PARirARoiNATis. 200 (Ttiol. I'LATYXUS DECEKS Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1S2.".. o3: ibid. II, 477. Rather broad, depressed. Black ; legs, antennae and margin of thorax piceous. Thorax subcordate, narrowed behind, basal impressions punc- tured ; hind angles obtuse, margin of moderate width, reflexed. Elytral strise deep, not or very obsoletely punctured; intervals convex, finely alu- taceous. Length 12-14 mm. Lawrence and Posey counties; scarce. April 10- August 28. In this and the next two species the median line and front trans- verse impression of thorax are rather deep, the elytra more than i)ne-half broader than thorax and slightly sinuate near their tips. 201 (766). Platy^jus sinuatus Dej., Spec, 111. 108. Uesembles decciis but smaller, less depressed and more shining. Basal impressions ot thorax wider. Elytra less deeply striate, finely punctured: in- tervals less convex. Length 10.5-11 mm. (Fi.g. 74.) Throusfhoiit the State ; scarce. April 10- August 13. 2112 {767). I'L,vTYNi'S OPACULCs Lec. New Si)ec. X. Amer. Col., I, 1863. S. Rather slender, deiiressed. Dull piceous or sub- Fig. 74. •; 3. (Original.) opaque. Thorax as wide as long, narrowed in THE GEOTJND BEETLES. 125 li-oiit and behind, the margin rather strongly retlexed; basal impressions wide, deep, not punctured. Elytrnl strife shallow, not punctured ; intervals f^at, alutaceous. Length 12-13 mm. Lake and Posey counties ; rare. May 14-May 20. 203 (769). I'LATYNU.s ciNCTicoLLis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 182:3, 52; ibid. II, 476. Klongate, slender. I'ieeous black. Thorax widest at middle, morf narrowed behind than in front, margins strongly reflexed near the hind , angles; basal impressions deep, not punctured. Elytral strise not punc- tured; intervals slightly convex. I^ength 9.5-11 mm. Throughout the Mtate ; common. Hibernates. February 9- October 29. 204 (770). Platynis bbflbxus Lee, Agass. Lake Sup., 1850, 205. Resembles ciiicticoUis in form. Distinguished readily by the lighter colored antennre and legs. Thorax longer, more narrowed behind; side margins more strongly reflexed, as wide in front as towards the base ; front angles more prominent. Elytral strire- deeper ; the intervals a little more convex. Length 9.5-11 mm. Laporte, Lawrence and O^ven counties; freqiient beneath rocks along streams, especially those within but near the mouths of eaves. April 15-November 8. 205 (9272). PLATYNf.'i I'ABMARGiNATus Ilam., Can. But., XXV, 1893, 305. Elongate, slender, subdepressed. Reddish-brown ; antennaj, legs and margin of thorax lighter brown. Thorax about as wide as long, side mar- gins wide, strongly reflexed their full length ; front angles prominent, ob- tusely rounded, hind angles obtuse; basal impressions deep, finely and sparsely punctate. Elytral striae deep, not punctured ; intervals subconvex, the third with three or four punctures near the third stria and another near the apex of the second stria. Length 8-10 mm. Crawford and Jackson counties ; scarce. Occurs beneath stones in channels or .shallow ravines on the slopes of high wooded hills. May 16-September 24. Gboup C. The species of this group are winged, brownish, bluish or greenish in color, with base of antennae, legs and occasionally the thorax, reddish-yellow. The thorax is longer than wide, the mar- gin less strongly reflexed, hind angles obtuse or rectangular. Ely- tra elongate, about twice as wide as thora-x, scarcely sinuate near apex, humeri broailly rounded, stria- deep but fine, the intervals nearly flat, tlic lliird with thrc-e to seven punctures. 126 FAiCILT IT. CAEABirX. KET TO SPECIES OF GBOVP C. a. Color greenish or bluish, base of anteunse, palpi and legs reddish-yel- low : base of thorax not cylindrical, b. Basal Imiiressions of thorax deep. c. Thorax with the basal half distinctly narrowed, the Impressi.iu- lonff. curved ; color purplish or dull green. ^6. EXTE:;fsicoLus. cc. Basal portion of thorax nc>t distinctly narrowed, the impressions shorter, less curved ; thorax and elytra bright green. 206a. var. veridi-;. 66. Basal imi'iessions small, narrow: thorax and scutellum reddish-yel- low. 207. DECOBUS. aa. Color piceous or reddish-brown ; base of thorax sulK-ylindrical ; elytral intervals convex, marked with a row of small punctures, each punc- ture bearing a fine hair. 20S. pusiixrs. 2iX; (772). Platyxus extexsicoixis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soa, II. lS2a 54: ibid. II. 47S. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax greenish or bronzed, shining; elytra dull greenish or purplish. Base of thorax finely punctured, the im- pressions with a small, blunt tubercle on the outer side near the hind angles, the latter obtuse. Elytral striae shallow, not punctured; intervals slightly convex, alutaeeous. the third with four or five small, remote punc- tures. Length S-9.5 mm. Shores of Fish Lake, Steuben CoiTnty : frequent. Lake CoTinty by Wolcott. :March 26-Juh- 19. *206a (772b). Piatyxus extexsicollis tibidis Lee., Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.. IV. 1S4?. 222. Differs from the preceding mainly as mentioned in key. Head some- times blackish-green. Thorax with hind angles more rounded and the basal impressions without tubercles. Varies in depth of elytral stri:e and con- vexity of the Intervals ; in some specimens the stri* are finely punctured. Throughout the State ; rather common beneath rubbish in damp localities. Hibernates. February- 21-Xovember 28. *207 177:^^. Pi.\tyxis decobus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., II. 1S2:3. 53; ibid. II. 477 Elongate, slender. Head green or greenish-bronze: thorax, scutellum, legs and base of antennae reddisli- yellow ; elytra blackish, often green near margins. Thorax a little longer than wide, slightly narrowed at base, hind ansles obtuse: elytral striae shallow, not punctured ; intervals slightly convex, finely alutaeeous. distinctly punctured, the third with five to seven small dorsiil punctures. Length 7.7-S.o mm. (Fig. 75. > Throughout the State, but scarce. Hiber- Fig. 75. 4. (OriKinaL) nates. Febriian" 8-October 23. Occurs be- THE GEOUND BEETLES. 127 neath old logs in dry. upland open woods. In two specimens the intervals are much more coarsely punctured, more convex and strongly alutaceous. *208 (784). Platynus pusillis Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., VII. 1854, 39. Elongate, very slender. Head and thorax piceons, the elytra usually reddish-brown; antennae and legs light brown. Thorax long and cordate; base much narrowed, subcj lindrical ; impressions elongate and narrow, hind angles rectangular ; median line deep, surface sparsely and rather coarsely punctured. Elytra twice as wide as thorax, tips rounded, strlie deep and finely punctured. Length 6-7 mm. Througliout the State; frequent. Hibernates. January 21- September 11. Gkoup d. A large group of winged species, usiially black, the legs and an- tennae sometimes of the same hue, more often piceous or reddish- brown. Thorax rounded, the margin usually slightly widened and reflexed toward the base, hind angles very obtuse or altogether roimded, basal impressions variable, either broad and shallow or deep and narrow, sometimes almost obsolete. Elytra often not much wider than thorax, humeri broadly rounded, the base trun- cate or subemarginate, tips rounded and hardly sinuate; intervals mostly flat, the third with three to seven punctures. Tarsi with distinct lateral but no medial grooves. KEY TO SPECIES OF GBOXTP D. a. Thorax transversely oval or rounded, rarely subquadrate; elytra not deeply emarglnate at base. 6. Either black (rarely bronzed), or green with disk of elytra cu- preous ; hind angles of thorax usually much rounded. c. Dorsal punctures three. d. Antennae, and usually the legs, wholly black or piceous. e. Thorax with side margins wider and strongly reflexed near the base. f. Elytral striae fine, the intervals flat g. Hind angles of thorax obtuse, rather distinct. 211. MCEBENS. gg. Hind angles of thorax entirely rounded. 212. tenuis. ■ff. Elytral striae deep, the intervals more or less convex. h. Elytral striae strongly punctured; hind angles entirely rounded. 213. coliaeis. Kh. Elytral strise not or feebly punctulate. i. Hind angles of thorax entirely rounded ; elytral inter- vals distinctly convex, 214. ATBATtrs. [9—23402] 128 FAiriTA" ir. — ciEAina=F.. //. IlincI angles very obtuse but distinct; elytral intciTiils feebly convex. 215. mei..\xakiis, ('<■. Thcjnix witli side margins only narrowly reflexed at the edffe. j. AH three dorsal punctures cm third stria; hind angles en- tirely rounded. 217. corvtjs. jj. Second and third d(jrsal punctures near or on second stria, /i. Piceous or black above. ;. Thorax with hind angles somewhat distinct, basal im- pressions without a tubercle. 216. affinis. U. Thorax with hind angles more rounded, impressions with a distinct tubercle. cakbo. 7,-7,'. :\letallic or blackish-bronzed above. m. Head, thorax and margin of elytra green, disk of elytra coppery. 218. cupsipenms. mm. Blaekish-bronxed ; dorsal punctures lar.ge, foveate. 219. EXCAVATl'S. (Id. Four outer joiuts of antennae white ; thighs dark, tibiae and tarsi yellowish. 224. ai^icbus. cc. Dorsal punctures four to seven ; sides of thorax broader and more reflexed behind. V. Dorsal punctures large, foveate; green, with dislc of thorax and elytra bronzed, base of antennse and legs brown. 225. OCTOPrNCTATlS "". Dorsal punctures of usual size; base of antennae brown; sides of thorax rather strongly reflexed. 22(j, placidi's. bb. Either metallic or bronzed green, the elytra uniform in hue. o. Thorax at least one-third wider than long, the margins on basal half wider and distinctly reflexed. p. Elytral striae wholly without punctures ; second dorsal puncture near second stria and far behind the middle. 209. erbans. pp. Elytral striee finely but distinctly punctulate; second dorsal puncture usually on third stria and near the middle. 210. StJBCORDATUS. 00. Thorax not or very slightly wider than long, the margins narrow, not reflexed. q. Basal impressions deep, punctured ; elytral striae strongly punc- tured; el.vtra bronzed-hl.u-k. tibi:v and tarsi light brown. 220. rERKH's. (jq. Basal impressions of thorax small. r. Elytral striif not punc-tured. s. Dorsal punctures three: legs yellow. 221. hasatis. •s.v. Dorsal punctures five or six; legs reil(lish->ellow, tliiirlis darker. 222. nutan.^. n: Eljirral stri.-p punctured; dorsal punctures five. t. Thorax slightly wider than long. 223. stetatopinctatus. ft. Thorax longer than wide. cRExuL.\Trs. 00. Thorax transverse, narrower behind, side margin narrow, basal impres- sions broad ami shallow : elytra deeply emarginate at base, with thrw small dorsal punctures, 227. bogemanni. THE GBOCND BEETLES. 129 -K'.i (TSUI. I'hATYNr.s KHRANS Sm.v, Jouni. I'hil. A(-ad. Ntit. Sci., ITT, 1S2:1. 147; ibid. II, 114. Elongate-oval, rather broad. Head ami thoi-ax bluisli-green, elytra with a brassy tinge; under surface black. Thoni.v one-third wider than long, much narrowed behind, hind angles rounded m- obtuse. Blytial stria' narrow, sliallow : intervals fiat. Length 7-S iimi. Lake County; rare. June 21. 2T() (TSc.a). Plat\-nus sibcohdatuh Lee, Agnss. Lake Sup., IS50, l'U5. Differs from the preceding by the characters given in key and by hav- ing the thorax less narrowed liehind and the basal impressions more dis- tinctly punctured. The elytra are proportionally broader, the intervals very slightly convex and more distinctly alutaceous. Length 7..5-S.5 mm. Nortliem third of State, frequent; Knox County, rare. May 3-October 17. Occiirs beneath rubbish along the borders of lakes and marshes. Appears sufiftciently distinct to take specific rank. 211 (TS7). Pi,ATYNUs MCEEEXM Dej., Spec. Ill, 1S27, 152. Elongate-oval, rather slender. Piceous black. Thorax subrotuud, a little wider than long, basal imijressions broad, shallow, hind angles ob- tusely rounded. Elytral stria; not punctured, the second puncture on third interval close to second stria. Length S-8.5 umi. Starke, Vigo and Knox counties ; rare. July 6-October 8. 212 (788). Platynus tenuis Lee, Proc. Pbil. Acad. Nat. Sci., Isri4. 4S. Elongate-oval, rather slender. Plce(jus or bronzed-black, shining. Thorax subrotund, ^^•ider than in the preceding, the margin more narrowly yet distinctly reflexed, the base and hind angles more rounded than in iiK£rciis. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, broadly depressed behind llie scutellum ; strite fine, not or very indistinctly punctured; inteiwals flat or slightly convex. Length 9-9.5 mm. Laporte, Marshall and Kosciusko counties, scarce; also in Webster collection. August 17-October 29. In this and the next three species the second dorsal puncture is on or near the third stria. 213 (789). Platynus collaeis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 1S;i4, 470; ibid. II, .5.34. Elongate-oval. P>lack with a tinge of purple, shining; tibite and tarsi piceous. Thorax subquadrate, wider than long, the margins narrow in front, broader and strongly reflexed toward the hind angles, which are very obtuse. Elytra with acutely impressed stria^, strongly and regularly jjunctured; intervals flat. Length 8.7-9.5 mm. Described from Posey County ; more common southward. I have not seen a specimen from the State. 130 FAMILY II. — carabid.t;. 214 (790). PiATYNUs ATRATUs Lec., Agass. Lake Sup., 1850, 205. Elongate-oval, rather slender. Black, shining ; apical iiortion of an- tennae and tarsi piceous. Thorax snbrotund, a little wider than long, the reflexed margin but little wider toward the base; basal impressions deep with a small tubercle. Elytra but little wider than thorax, the strise verj' finely or obsoletely punctate ; intervals distinctly convex. Length s-9 mm. Steuben, Laporte and Kosciusko cDunties; frequent. August 11 -August 28. A member of the boreal fauna. = 215 (791). Platynus meia^'.^kius Dej., Spec. III. 1S27. 152. Elongate-oval, rather broad. Black, shining ; tibiae, tarsi and basal joint of antennae dark reddish-brown. Tliorax subrotuud, as wide as long, the margin wider and more strongly reflexed toward the base; depressions large, with a distinct rugosity or tubercle near the angle. Elytra distinctly wider than thorax, the strife of moderate depth, finely punctate. Length 8.5-9.5 mm. Throughout the State ; common. Hibernates. January 1- Oetober 12. 216 (71)4 J. PiATYXL's AF^I^;IS Kirby. Fauna Boi'. Amer., IV. 1837, 27. Elongate-oval, rather broad. Black or piceous, shining. Thorax sub- rotund, a little wider than long, side margins narrow, scarcely reflexed toward the hind angles, which are obtuse; depressions wide, shallow and without a tubercle. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, strife shallow, not punctured, the fifth usually with a dilated shallow impression near the apex ; intervals flat. Length 8.5-9.5 mm. Lake, Starke and Kosciusko counties ; scarce. Occurs along the sandy beaches of lakes. April 9-October 24. P cario Lec, length 8-9 mm., was described from Lake Su- perior and may possibly occur in northern Lidiana. 217 (796). Platynls cokvus Lec.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. IS60, 319. Elongate-oval ; rather broad. Piceous black, shining. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides rounded into base : margins rather broad, narrowly reflexed; basal depressions wide, shallow, without a trace of tubercles. Elytra oblong, much wider than thorax ; strife rather deep, not punctured : intervals slightly convex, alutaceous. Length 9.5 mm. Laporte and Kosciusko counties ; rare. October 21-October 22. Taken beneath rubbish along the beach of lakes. Our only species having all three dorsal punctures on third stria. A member of the boreal fauna. 218 (800). PiATYNUs cuPKiPENNis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1S23. 50; ibid. II, 474, Elongate, rather broad. Green, strongly polished; disk of elytra cu- ,'Teous; under surface blackish-bronzed. Thorax longer than wide, the THE GROUND BEETLES. 131 depressions narrow and shallow. Elytral striae fine, not punctured; in- tervals flat Length 7.5-9.5 mm. (Fig. 78.) Throughout the northern part of the State; frequent. Not taken south of Vigo Coimty. Hibernates. January 6-Novem- ber 24. 219 (802). Platyntjs excavatus Dej., Spec. Ill, 1827, 169. Elongate, rather slender. I'ioeous bronzed, shining; base of antenuje and legs dull reddish-brown. Thorax about as long as wide, but slightly narrowed behind, sides regularly rounded ; basal impressions narrow, deep, punctured; hind angles obtusely rounded. Elytral striae fine, not or in- distinctly punctured; intervals flat. Length 7-7.5 mm. Lake, Laporte, Marion, Putnam aAd Vigo counties; frequent. April 4^0etober 17. Occurs on sand and gravel bars of lakes and streams. The dorsal punctures are larger than in any of our spe- cies except octopunctatus, the first near third stria, the other two near second. 220 (803). Platynds feebeus Hald., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 299. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax greenish-black; antennae piceous. Thorax oval, nearly as long as wide, sides rounded, hind angles obtuse. Elytral striae deep and strongly punctured on basal half; more faint and less distinctly punctured towards the apex. Length 7-7.5 mm. Marion, Lawrence, Knox and Posey counties; one specimen from each. March 21-August 28. Occurs near water. 221 (804). PiATTNUs basaijs Lee, Ann. Lye, IV, 1848, 227. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax blackish-bronzed; elytra bronzed green, shining; antennae piceous, the basal joints and legs reddish-yellow. Thorax a little longer than wide, narrowed toward the base, hind angles rounded ; basal impressions small, deep, finely punctate. Elytral striae rather deep ; intervals moderately convex. Length 7-7.5 mm. Vigo and Posey counties ; scarce. Hibernates. May 24-Decem- ber 18. The dorsal punctures are small and the second and third vary much in position, though LeConte says they are placed on the second stria. Resembles extensicollis but the basal impressions of thorax much shorter, rounded instead of elongate, the margin not wider at base. *222 (805). PLATYNrs nutans Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., II, 1823, 52; ibid. II, 470. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax bronzed green ; elytra blackish- green or cupreous. Thorax oval, a little longer than wide, margin nar- rowly reflexed, more strongly toward the hind angles, which are rounded ; 132 FA^riLT II. rAEABIIUE. liasal imin-i'stiioiis rather (loi'p, sniootli. Elytral stri;o very line; intervals nearly tiat. finely alutaceuus; t'ourtli and liftb duri-'al iiunctures on or near the second stria, the otliers near tlie third. Length 7-n mm. Frequent in the northern half of the State ; not taken south of Pntnaiii and Vigo i-onnties. llibeniates. Janiiai'>' T-Ootober 2ti. l'l.':i (SOU). ri^\.TYXis suiiATDn XCTATI.S I)ej., Siiei.-. Ill, 1S2T. 107. Elongate, rather sleinler. Bronzed black or iiii-eous, shining; tirsi joint of anteun:e and legs dark reddisli-yellow. Thora.'s: oval, sides rounded into base; margins slij.'htly wider and more strongly retlexed toward the base than in iititaiis; iniiiressicpns deeii. finely and sparsely punctured. Elytral stri;e moderately deep, distinctly punctured; intervals slightly con- vex, alurace:.us. the third with five or six punctures. Leny:th t)-7.o mm. Lake. Vigo, Knox, Dubois and Pcise.v counties; scarce. April IS-September 3. 224 (S07). rL-\iYxus AIJ3ICKIS De.i.. Spec. III. 1S27. l.iS. Elongate, slender. Piceims. feebly bronzed, shining. Thorax suli- ((uadrate. slightly longer than wide. mari;in of basal half wider and more retlexed, hind angles obtuse; basal impressions narrow, deep, not punc- tured. Elytral striae rather deep, not pimctured: intervals moderately convex, distinctly alutaceons. the third with three dorsal punctures. Length (1.5-7.0 mm. Knox County ; rare. Two specimens from the margins of the cypress swamp. July 4-July 9. *22."'i (.S14). I'L-VTYXl S OCTOPl XCTATV s Fab.. Eut. S.vst.. Suppl.. iTiis. o7,: Say. II. 47(1. Elongate, rather slender. Color above as given in key; under surface shinmg blackish-green. Thorax wider than long, sides rounded into base, very finely margined: basal impre.ssiins small, deep, not punctured. Elytral striiv hue. not or indistinctly pimctured; intervals nearly flat, alutaceous. the third with four (rarely three or five I punctures, each set in a hu-ge quadrate impression. Length 7-7.ri mm. ( Fig. 7i>. ) Lake. Porter. Putnam and Dubois counties, rare: Vigo County, frequent. Hibernates. February 11— November 4. Occurs on slopes of sparsely wooded hills, usually in sandv localities. Fig. 76. X 4. (Original.) 22(1 (Sl."i). I'l.Aiv.xrs pr.AciDrs S.iy, Trans, .\nier. I'hil. Soc. II. 1S2:!. 4:!: ibid. 11, 4(1!). Elongale. moderately liroad. Head and thorax greenish-black; el.vtra bluish-black. subopa(pie. Thorax siiliiinadrate. slightly wider than long; basal impressions wide and rather shallow. Elytral strim very flue, not punctured: interv.-ils slightly convex, distinctly alutaceous; dorsal punc- tures five or six, the apical two on set-ond stria, the others on or near third. Length 7.5-9 mm. THE GKOUXD BEETLES. 133 Throughout the State; common. Hibernates. (Iregarious in cold weather. January 1-November 24. P. crenuhttus Lee, 5.5-6 mm. in length, is a member of the Austroriparian fauna, which may occur in the southern counties. *227 (821). Platyni's bogemanni Gyll., Ins. Suec, III, 1810, 697; oUo- letus Say. II, 481, Elongate, slendei-. Black or piceovis. shining. Thorax heart-shaped. wider before the middle, rounded to a narrow base. Elytra oblong, twice as wide as thorax, striie very fine or obsolete, not punctured ; third inter- \&\ with three very small dorsal punctures. Length .5.5-6.5 nmi. Lake, Putnam and Vigo counties; scarce. Hibernates. Janu- ary 14-July 28. Gboup E. A small group of winged species in which the thorax is rounded oval or slightly cordiform, narrowly margined, hind angles obtuse or rounded, basal impressions usually deep and punctiform ; elytra nearly or quite twice as wide as thorax, with punctured striae and three (rarely four) dorsal punctures placed along the middle of the third interval. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP E. II. Tarsal grooves present. 6. Piceous bronze ; strice of elytra ver\' fine ; tarsal grooves on first joint 228. jebuginosus. Jih. Black, legs brown ; striaj feebly punctured ; tarsal grooves on first and second joints. 232. punctiformis. nil. Tarsal groo^'es wanting. r. Black or dark reddish-brown; base of antennse. palpi, legs and sides of elytra brownish-yellow. 229. limbatus. ec. Black, legs reddish-yellow or reddish-brown. rl. Elytral stria coarsely punctured ; larger, 7.5-8 mm. 2.S0. CRENISTRIATtlS. (111. Elytral striae finely punctured ; smaller, 6.2-7 mm. 231. KIBRIPES. *228 (824). Platynus ^^EBtjQiNOStTs Dej., Spec. Ill, 1827, 168. Elongate, very slender. Head and thorax piceous ; antennae, elytra and legs dark brown, bronzed, shining. Thorax oval, convex, very narrowly margined ; basal impressions very small or obsolete. Elytra oval, convex, eniarginate at base; striie finely jpunctate: intervals flat. Length 5.5-6 mm. Throughout the State ; common. Occurs in damp localities. Hibernates. April 3-December 18. 229 (S2.'i). Platy.xus Li.MiiATi's Say. 'lYans. .\nier. I'hil. Soc. II. 182.3. 49; Ibid. II. 47:;. Elongate, rather robust. Color as given in key. Thorax subrotund, margin very narrow, hind angles wholly rounded ; basal impressions small. 134 FA^ETLY IT. r.VBABID.T.. cii'cular, deep. Elytral sti-ijE moderately deep, distinctly punctured; in- tervals slightly convex. Length S.5 mm . Rare. A southern species, one specimen of which was taken near Cannelton, Perry County. INIay 14. 230 (S26). Plattnus ckexistei..\tls Lee.. New Sp. X. Am. Col. 1. 1863. 9. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining; base of antenrue and legs reddish-yellow. Thorax oval, a little longer than wide, narrowed on basal half; basal impressions small, deep. Elytral striae deep, strongly punc- tured; intervals one to four distinctly convex, the others nearly flat. Length 7.5-8 mm. Southern half of State; frequent; scarce in the northern coun- ties. Probably hibernates. March 7-July 28. *231 (827). PiATTNts EtiBErPES Zimm., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, II. 1869, 244. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining ; palpi and antennse brownish- yellow ; legs reddish-brown. Thorax almost as long as wide, sides rounded into base; impressions broad, shallow ^vith a small deep fovea. Elytral strijTp deep, finely but distinctly punctured ; intervals slightly convex. Length i;.2-7 mm. Throughout the State; common. Hibernates. January 5-Oc- tober 1. A smaller species than the preceding with darker lep and more finely punctured strise. *232 (S2S). Platvnus punctitobmis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, III, 1823, 58; ibid. II. 481, 536. Elongate, rather robust. Black, shining; base of antennae, tibiae and tarsi reddish-brown ; femora pice- ous. Thorax subrotund, convex, narrowly margined, hind angles roimded ; basal impressions shallow, with \y a large, round, deep fovea. Elytra rather deeply stri- ate, very nnely and distinctly punctuate only on basal half ; intervals subconvex. finely alutaceous. Length \ 7-9 mm. (Fig. 77.) Fig. 77. x4. (Original.) Throughout the State; frequent. February 13-October 14. Larger and broader than mbripes, with still more finely punctured strife. GfiotTP F. Winged species of slender form, black or piceous in color with base of antennse and legs yellow or reddish-brown ; thorax oval ^vith margin narrowly reflexed, becoming broader toward the hind angles, which are rounded and indistinct ; basal impressions narrow, sometimes nearly obsolete. Elytra elongate-oval, twice as wide a-s THE GEOUND BEETLES. 135 thorax, emarginate at base and obliquely subtruncate at tip, the strise fine ; intervals flat, the third with four to six dorsal punctures. Tarsal grooves indistinct. KEY TO SPECIES OF GE0T3P F. a. Thorax narrower behind, the side margins more widely reflexed to- ward the base ; autennse with joints 5 to 11, paler. 233. BLFICOENIS. (((/. Thorax elongate-oval, the side margins uniformly narrow. 6. Antennas piceous; size larger, 7-7.5 mm. 236. gemellus. hb. Antennae brownish-yellow ; smaller, 5-6.5 mm. c. Thorax black. 234. picipenxis. r-c. Thorax brownish-yellow. 235. lutulentds. 23;:! is31j. Platynls buficoenis Lee, Agass. Lake Sup., 1850, 205. ElonKHte, slender. Head and thorax black; elytra piceous, shining; autenn.-i^ and legs browuish-yellow. Thorax oval, distinctly longer than wide, hind angles rounded ; basal impressions broad, rather shallow. Ely- tral stri;u tine, not punctured ; intervals flat, the third with five or six small dorsal punctures, the first three on the' third stria, the others on the >eeond. Length 7-8 mm. Frequent along the margin of Tippecanoe Lake, Kosciusko County ; Lake and Posey counties ; scarce. March 26-October 21. *234 (834). Platyncs picipennis Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., IV, 1837, 25. Elongate, very slender. Head and thorax black ; antennse, legs and elytra brownish-yellow. Thorax oval, about as long as wide; margin nar- row, hind angles rounded ; basal impressions narrow, shallow. Elyti-a elongate, elliptical, the strise of moderate depth, not punctured; intervals nearly flat, the third with four to six dorsal puuctares. Length 6-7 mm. Lake, Vigo, Posey and Kosciusko counties; frequent. January 1-October 17. Gregarious in winter. *235 (835). Platynds lutulentds Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII. 1854, 54. Elongate, very slender. Head black; remainder of body brownisli-yel- low, shining. Thorax more flnely margined, basal impressions smaller and less distinct, and elytral striae finer than in the preceding. Dorsal punc- tures four, larger than in pUApcnniH, the first two on third stria, the others on second. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. Hibernates. Sometimes at- tracted by electric lights. January 21-December 23. 236 (833). Platyncs gemellus Lee, Bull. Brook. Eut. Soc, II, 1879, 'A. Elongate, slender. Piceous ; head and thorax often darker ; epipleura. legs and base of antennse dark reddish-brown. Thorax oval, one-third longer than wide, side margins very narrow, hind angles obsolete; basal 136 FAMILY IT. — cababid.t;. iiuiiiTssidiis Ions;, cui'ved ;niil sliiillow. not punctured. Elytral striit- very tine, not puncturea : iutervjils tint : dcirsal punctures four, the tirst and sec- ond on third stria, tlie otlicrs on second stria. Length 7-7..! mm. Lake ("lainty; scarce. About twenty specimens taken by "Wol- cott near Wolf Lake. .Mai-ch 2(i. XXXIII. OLiSTiioPrs Dej. 182.3. (Gr.. "slippery + foot") Small piceous or brownish beetles of the tribe Platynini, having the claws of the tarsi entire and the mentum without a tooth. But twf) species are a.s yet known in the United States, one of which oc- curs in Indiana. They are brieriy treated by LcContf.—Proc:. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., 1854. 58. Horn.— BnW, Brook. Entom. Soc. Y 1882. 63. *2.".7 (S:;!i). Olisthopi s pakmatus Say, 'lYans. Amer. Phil. S(X-.. II, ISi!, 4!>; ibid. II. 474. .>;7. Uather broad. snbde]iressed. Head and thorax black; base of an- lennu^. eilge of thorax. lej.,'s aii.d luisal halt of elytra dull brownish-yellow; apical portion of elytra darker. Thorax rounded, one-half wider than long, sides broadly rounded into base, margin very narrow, basal impressions small and narrow. lOl.vtral stri;e rather flue, not punctured; intervals slightly convex, the third with three very small dorsal punctures. Length 7-7.5 mm. Southern half of State, scarce : Lake County only in the north. January 6-Xovember 7. The elytra are sometimes almost wholly brownish-yellow. XXXIV Perigona Lap. 1837. (Gr., " around -i- angle."! Very small piceous or broAvnish beetles, having the labrum square and flat; mentum deeply emarginate and without a tooth; antenna? rather stout beyond the third joint, which is of the same length as the second. The genus is treated by Horn. — Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XIX. 1892. 44. One species has been taken in Indiana, while another may occur. KEY TO SPECIES OF PEEIOONA. ((. Mead alone piceous; elytra slightly oblong. xigricf.ps. an. Head and thorax piceous; elytra oval and more convex. 2:^S. pallipe>-xis. P nigriccps Dej.. length 2.."^ mm., is recorded from Cincinnati. l!:;s (fil'M)|. I'Kiuco.NA Pur.iPi.xxis Lee. Trans. .Vnier. I'hil. Soc, X, IS.")."., :JS(3. Obhmg-nval, Head and thorax piceous; elytra dull reddish-brown; an- tenuiB and legs pale yellow, Tlioiax sulxjuadrate, sliglitly wider than long; THE GROUND BEETLES. 137 Sides feebly curved, hind angles olitusf. . Elytra oval, more tban ime-lialf wider than thorax, convex, faintly striate, tlie eighth stria entire; third interval with three minute punctures. Length 2.3-2.7 mm. Southern half of State ; frequent. April 29-N()vember 28. Oc- curs beneath rubbish in dry open woodlands. Tribe IX. AXCIIOXODERIXI. Head (ival or rounded, not prolonged or constricted to a narrow neck; antenn.^' slender. Thorax more or less cordiform, the side margins distinct and with a bristle-bearing puncture on each side in front of the middle, and another near the hind angle. Elytra feebly margined at base, rounded at apex, without dorsal punc- tures in our species. Scutellum and scutellar .stria distinct. Body al)ove pubescent. Hind coxa' contiguous. Two genera may occur in Indiana, though representatives of but one have so far been taken. KEY TO INDIA.XA OEi\KK\ OF A XCIIO.N'ODKKINl. (I. Antenna' ^^■ith four basal .ioinls glahrous. Thorax ovate, the second bristle-bearing puncture In front of the hiud an.gle; last .I'oint of palpi conical. EuPHORTicus. nil. .\nteuujip with three li;isal .ioinls glabrous. Thora.x ci>nlate. margin acute, the second puncture iu the hind angle. XXX\'. .Vikanus. Eiiplinrticus ijuhesvnis De.i., black, shining and 5 mm. in length, has been taken by Dur>- near Cincinnati and doubtless occurs in the southern third of the State. XXXV Atrant'S Lee. 1848. (Gr., "dull or indistinct.") This genus is represented in the Tjnited States by a single small species having the thorax slightly broader than head ; eh'tra mar- gined at base, the tips rounded and surface striate. 230 (845). Atkanis ptbescens DcJ.. Spec. Ill, 1827, 122. Elongate, slender. Blacls; or piceous; antennffi, mouth iiarts, legs and abdomen pale reddish-brown. Thorax longer than wide, sides feebly curved, hind angles and median impressed line distinct. Elytral stri.-e rather deep; intervals <-onvex. each with two or three irregular rows of minute punc- tures, liearing tine yellow hairs. Length (^-7.5 mm. Vigo, Knox and Posey counties; scarce. April 10-October 20. Occurs beneath cover in open sandy woodland. Resembles I'lah)- inin piisiUus very much in form, but darker in color and with the clvtra rounded, not sinuate at tip. Tribe X. C'l^EXODAf'TYLIXI. Antenna" sleUder, base free, three basal jointjS i;ial)rous, first ioint stoutei-, as long as the next two; joints three to 11, eciualor 138 FAMILY II. CAEABIDiE. nearly so. Head rhomboidal, prolonged behind the eyes and nar- rowed to a very slender neck. Mentmn deeply emarginate, toothed. Thorax elongate, narrower than head, the margins very feeble ; sides with a bristle-bearing puncture near the middle and another at hind angle. Elytra oblong-oval, not margined at base, side mar- gins distinct and entire, tips rounded. Tarsi alike in both sexes, the first .joiat as long as the next two, which are oval, the fourth broad, deeply bilobed. Males ^nith one seta on each side of apex of last ventral segment; females with two. The tribe is represented in the United States by a single genus. XXXVI. Leptotkachelus Latr. 1802. (Gr., "slender -i- tho- rax.") Thorax narrow, elongate. Ligula entire, slender, usually nar- rowed in front. But one species and a variety occur in the United States. The former is found in Indiana. 240 (846). LEPTOTEACHEi,rs DOESALis Fab., Syst. El.. I, 229; Sa.v. II. 447. Elongate, very slender. Head and usually the thorax piceous : an- tennae, legs and elytra brownish-yellow, the latter with a piceous stripe along the suture. Thorax subcylindrical, one-half longer than wide, finely and sparsely punctured near base and apex. Elytral strise rather deep, with close, distinct punctures : intervals convex, the third with three small punctures. Length 7-8 mm. Lake, Wells and Spencer counties : one specimen from each, ^lay 14r-May 28. Occurs on low herbs in open woods and probably inhabits the entire State. Tribe XI. ODAC.A.XTHIXI. Antenna slender, free at base, first .joint as long as the next two. three basal .joints glabrous. Head oval, elongate, prolonged behind the eyes and narrowed to a neck. Thorax narrow, the margin feeble or entirely obliterated, sides with a seta near the middle and a second, often feeble, at hind angles. Elnra oblong-oval, base not margined, sides narrowly inflexed. apex truncate. Tarsi slender, rarely flattened, the fourth joint entire or feebly emarginate; i-laws simple. The tribe is represented in the United States by a single genus. XXXVII. Casxoxia Latr. 1806. fGr.. "to look toward -i- noth- ing.") Ver^' slender beetles, having the bristle-bearing punctures of the second stria of elytra, indistinct and rarely more than four in number. One species occurs in the State. THE GROUND BEETLES. 139 *241 (847). Casnonia pennsylvanica Linn., Syst. Nat, II, 620; Say, II, 447. Head and thorax black; elytra dull red with three spots, forming an interrupted transverse band, and the apex black ; antennae dusky, the three basal joints reddish; legs pale, the knees dusky or black. Thorax cylin- drical or nearly so, broader at base than apex. Elytra ovate, the strise coarsely punctured on basal half. length 7.5 mm. (Fig. 80.) Throughout the State ; common. Januarj' 30-Oetober 21. Oc- curs beneath logs, leaves, etc.. along fence roTvs and borders of woods. A unique and easily known insect. Fig. 81. Fig. 80. Fig. 79. Fig. 78. (After Pacltard.) Tribe XII. DRYPTIXI. Antennae tapering gradually to a point, free at base. Head constricted at a variable distance behind the eyes to a narrow neck ; front narrowed before the eyes. ^Mentum deeply emarginate ; max- illary palpi moderately long, the terminal joint more or less trian- gular. Thorax often moderately long, the side margins acute, the setffi at hind angle usually absent. Elytra not margined at base, side margins acute, entire ; apex truncate, dorsal punctures absent. Prosternum not prolonged ; hind coxse contiguous. The males have the front tarsi dilated, sometimes very slightly, and densely pu- bescent beneath. Representatives of one genus have been taken in Indiana, while a single species of another doubtless occurs in the southern counties. KEY TO INDIANA GENEBA OF DBYPTINI. u. Head elongate-oval, prolonged behind the eyes; neck inserted in thorax by a semigiobular condyle; clypeus with two bristle-bearing punc- tures each side ; larger, 17 or more mm. XXXVIII. Galeeita. ■ la. Head triangular, scarcely prolonged behind the eyes, very suddenly con- stricted to a narrow, cylindrical neck; clypeus with but one punc- ture on each side, the seta long; smaller, not over 5 mm. Ztphtum. 140 FAMILY tl. — OAEABTD.Ti:. XXXVIII. (iALERiTA Fab. 1801. (L.. "a helmet.") Pi^lieseeiit licctles of medium size and graceful form, having the head and elytrn black or bluish-black, the thorax cordiform, red- dish-brown. Head elong-ate-oval, strongly constricted behind ; neck slender; first joint of antenn." elongate. Elytra oval, broadly obliquely truncate behind, finely striate. They occur beneath co\-cr. along fence rows and in open woodlands and are often at- tracted in great numbers by electric lights. Dr. Forbes dissected 17 specimens of G. janus and found that 8S per cent of their food consisted of cankerworms and other injurious forms, the canker- ^vorms alone maldng up T)!? per cent. A symiptic tabic of the genus is given by Lccoiitc— Bull. Brook, Ent. Soc, II, 1S79. 61. Five species of the genus ;ire known from the United States, two of Avhich occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDIA N'.\. Sl'IX'TES (IF (;AI.EHIT.\. (/. Ileiul beliiiul tlie e,\cs strongl.v romideil ; 1)u1k'siciu-c of elytra uniform, obliquely derumbeut. 241'. j.\m ,s. aa. Skies of head lou.tjer beliiiul, obli(]ue and less rounded: iiubescenre oi elytra erect near tlie sculelluui. 24.'!. r.ii'oi.oi:. 242 |N.-,1). (iALEiUTA ,1A-Ms V:asal .I'oints glabrous; el.vtra dark bluish- green. XIJ. ('OPTODEEA. cc. Labrum moderate, not large. f. Tarsi slender, fourth .joint entire. fi. Labial paljii slender: color lilack or i}iceous. /(. Thorax truncate at base. (. iMentum not toothed; claws of tarsi .serrate; lengtli -7 mm. 246. atrivextris. fui. Head lilack. thorax' reddish-yelknv; elytra greenish-blue, deeply striate; outer joints of antenna; darker ; length 7-S.,j mm. tricolor. *2-i~j (872j. Lebia GEAXois Hentz., Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., Ill, 1824, 58. 0\-ate, subconve.x'. Color given in key; under sur- face and legs pale brownish-yellow ; abdomen black. Head finely wrinkled, very sparsely and finely punctate. Thorax nearly twiie as wide as long, margin broad; disk with fine transverse wrinkles and distinct im- pressed median line. Elytra finely alutaceous. Length S..5-9.5 mm. (Fig. K^. ) Throughout the State, common in the south- ern half; less so northward. February 8-De- eember 20. Occurs especially in open woodland and with the next hibernates beneath partlv Fig. 83. (AlierComslock.) . . j. . Lower figure shows natural size. I3i^-r led logs and Other cover. *:J4r, (STli). LmuA ATRiVEXTRis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, l.s2:i IH: ibid. II, 444. Resembles the pi'ecediug but a third or more smaller. Elytra darker blue; palpi, tarsi and apical twothirds of antennse piceous. El^-tral stri;e very finely pum-tured; intei"vals flat. Length <>-7 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. April 29-December 29. L. fricoli)!- Say may yet be found in eastern Indiana, its range being given as ^liddle States northward to Canada. Group B. This group compi'ises the true forms of Libia as defined by La- treille. About 17 species and several varieties are kno\ra from North America. Of these the following have been taken, or per- haps occur in the State. KEY TO I?sDIA^'A SPECIES OF GEOIP B. a. Thorax coarsely and rather densely punctured; head, thorax and basal third of elytra reddish-yellow; apical portion of elytra blue; length 8 I^™- DIVISA. ail. Thorax not, or ver.\ finely, iiuui-tate; elytra nut colored as above; length less than 7 mm. 6. Elytra with fine or very shallow slriie. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 145 c. Tarsal claws serrate rather than pectinate; palpi stout; elytra brownisli-yellow with tw(j bluish bands ; length 0-7 mm. PLLCHELLA. cc. Tarsal claws pectinate, their teeth longer and not directed oblique- ly outward. aler ; length ;!-:!. 5 mm. 240. pumila. //.(/. Bod.v alHive not unicolored. i. Head and thorax reddish- y(,'llow ; abdomen black ; length (i.o-7.5 mm. pleumtica. //. Head greenish-black; thorax and entire body lieneath )iale red; el.vtra bright green. 25(1. viridipennis. ff. Elytra pici'ons, ornate with pale spots. 251. oknata. (1(1. Head coarsely punctured bctwe. -lune ll'-July 11. Talcen from Howers of wild parsnip. A species of southern ranii-e. Listed nN a variety of firidis. but in my opinion distinct. 146 FAMILY II. — CABABID.E. 248 (882). Lebia vibidis Say, Trans. Amer. PMl. Soc, II, 1823, 14; ibid. II, 44a. Oval, subconvex. Either uniform green or darli purplish-blue, strongly shining; antennae piceous, the basal joints greenish. Head minutely and very sparsely punctate. Thorax one-half wider than long, the margin nar- row, except at hind angles, which are prominent. Elytral striae very fine; intervals flat IjCngth 4.5-5.5 mm. Throughout the State: frequent. April 5-Oetober 14. More abundant in May and June on flowers. 249 (883). Lebia pumila Dej., Spec. V. ls:;0. 3S'^. Oval, slender. Piceous or dark olive-greeSi above, black beneath; an- tennse piceous, the third joint pale. Thorax subquadrate, but slightly wider than long. Elytra alutaceous. the striae very faint Length 3-3.5 mm. Throughout the State: scarce. May 28-Septeinber 16. Our .smallest species of the genus. L. pleuriiica Lee, ehtra blue tinged mth green, is said to occur sparingly from Canada to Texas. *-'."iO I SSI ; I. Lebi.\ vibidipe^'nis l)ej.. Spec. I. Is25. '2W^. Rather broad. Antennae piceous. the three basal joints paler ; legs and entire body beneath pale reddish-browu. the knees and tarsi darker. Head with a few fine punctures. Thorax one-half wider than long, strongh inargined ; disk ver.v finely wrinkled. Elytral striae represented by rows of very fine punctures. Tjength 5-6 mm. Throughout the State: scarce. Jlareh 9-December 2S. Hiber- nates beneath mullein leaves and logs in upland woods. 251 (889). Lebia oB^-ATA Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S23. 13; ibid. II, 444. Oval, slender. Head piceous. smooth ; thorax piceous with pale mar- gin, rarely wholly pale yellow ; elytra piceous. with the narrow margin, two large spots on basal half and two small ones at apex, dull yellow : an- tennae dusky, the three basal joints pale : body beneath and legs yellowish. Length 4.5-5 mm. Throughout the State ; common on flowers, especially goldenrod. April 10-Sept€mber 19. 252 isssi. Lebia i^bvi.at.\ Lee.. X. Sp. X. .\mer. Oil.. I. Ish.",, 5. Oval, subdepressed. Head black : thorax both above and beneath piceous, the margin pale : elytra piceous with apical margin and a large oblique subhumeral spot reaching nearly to suture, dull yellow ; antennae, under surface and legs pale reddish-yellow. Elytra rather finely striate. Length 3-3.7 mm. Crawford Count> rare. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. Taken at Cincinnati and probably occurs throughout the THE GHOtTND BEETLES. 147 southern third of the State. Very apt to be confused with ornata, but easily distinguished by its punctured head and more deeply striate elytra. 253 (S92). Lebia analis Dej., Spec. I, 1825, 265. Broadly oval. Heafl black ; anteniiije plceous, the four basal joints paler; thorax reddish-yellow, the margin paler; elytra black, each with the narrow margin and usually a large irregular humeral spot and small apical spot yellowish ; under surface and legs pale yellow, abdomen darker. Thorax broadly margined, finely and irregularly wrinkled. Length 4.5- 5.5 mm. Southern third of State; frequent. April 19-Noveniber 7. Taken by sweeping low herbs. Readily Imown by the longitudinal striae on head and the deep elytral striae. The pale markings of eltyra vary greatly in extent and have given rise to a number of synonjons. 254 (893). Lebia puscata Dej., Spec. I, 1825, 270. Broadly oval, subdepvessed. Head and disk of thorax piceous; elytra pale brownish-yellow, each with a narrow marginal line, a large scutellar spot and a spot just behind middle, black; rarely the spots behind middle merge to form a broad cross-band; antennae, legs and under surface red- dish-yellow. Thorax finely wrinkled, margin broad. Length 6.5 mm. Known from Indiana by a single specimen taken near Pine, Lake County, by Woleott. July 23. Resembles closely some of the color varieties of analis, but distinguished by the larger size. smooth head and dark disk of thorax. Gboup C. This group comprises the Indiana species of the subgenera Dianchomena and Aphelogenia, which are separated only by the head being more strongly constricted behind the eyes in the former. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GROUP C. a. Head suddenly and strongly constricted behind the eyes ; vertex strong- ly convex ; length 4.5-5.5 mm. 6. Thorax narrowly margined ; head and elytra dull green, thorax red- dish-yellow. 255. ABDOMINALIS. 66. Thorax widely margined ; head strigose at sides ; elytra with black and yellow stripes, shining, moderately striate. 256. scapulabis. aa. Head less constricted ; vertex less convex. c. Head and thorax reddish-yellow, the latter widely margined. d. Black stripes of elytra narrow; elytral striae fine; length 6.5- 7.5 mm. 257. fubcata. dd. Black stripes of elytra broad; striae distinct; length 5.5-6 mm. 258. vittata. 148 FAirriY ir. — caeabid.^. cc. Head black; thorax uurrowly margiued; elytra black, pacli with two white stripes ; abdomen wholly reddish-yellow. 2.51). bivithta. l!.j.j (S04). LEELii .iBDOMiXALis <.'haud., Bull. Mosc.. 184:j. nu4. Rather slender. Color given in key; .-mtenuie piceous. tlic three basal joints paler; legs and abdomen ijale reddish-yellow, tarsi piceous: mesu- an:l metasterna nearly black. Ijength 4..5-.5 mm. Perry and Posey counties; rare. April 18-April 27. Taken from beneath mullein leaves and rvtbbish. A species of southern rani;e. Resembles viridipcnnis. but smaller, elytra duller green and body beneath partly black. li.'iii (.Sli.j). Lep.i.v .scapdi^\kis Dej.. Spec. V. 1830. .'mT. Oval, rather slender. Head, thorax and leirs ]>ale reil- dish-yellow; elytra piceous, each with the apical and side margins and a median strijie yellow ; antennjie dusky, the three basal joints paler. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, the margins wider and more reflexed toward base. Klytral stri;ie rather deep, nut punctate ; intervals flat. Length 4.ri-."i.5 mm. ( I"ig. S4. ) Throughout the State ; common on leaves of elder and other plants in summer. April 13-October 11. Takes to A\iug when disturl)ed. The pale elytral stripes vary much in ^^^dth, often occupying more space than the darker ones. The latter are sometinifs connected near their tips and the pale stripes reduced to n;irrow lines, thus formiui;' the variety ronjugens Lee. '27,', ISIIT). LemA fikcata Lee. Axm. Lye. Xat. Hist.. IV. ls4s. 10:1. Uather broad, subdepressed. Head, disk of thorax and a triangular stripe extending trom base half way along the elytral suture reddish-yel- low; clj-tra and margin of thorax pale yellow, the former with a median and two lateral narrow black stripes, the median divided or forked on the liasal half to enclose the reddish-yellow stripe; antenu:e dusky, pale at liase: femora and tarsi black, tibiie pale. Head and thorax finely and irregularly strlgose. Ijcugth (l.."i-7.."i mm. Lake, Vigo .-md Posey counties; rare. April 20- August 6. J.IN (N'.l'.li. Lebia mtiata Fall.. Syst. Eleut. L isol, 202; Say, II, U?,. l;('seiul)les fiircutii but smaller and mi. re narrow. The black stripes ari' wider, the basal toili oi (be ui(' much .shorter; legs wliolly black oi- with the b;isc cil' femora .-iloue pale. Thin-ax more narrow and elytral striie deciier. LenglJi .").."i-(; mm. A^igo County; rare. ;Mai-ch 21. This siiecies also resembles sciijndaris but is ea.sjly disti.ng-ui,slied by the broader neck and black le-s. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 149 *•> ■j'J C.HJL'). Leiiia BiviTTATA Fall., Eiit. S.vst. Supii., 17'JS, 59. Oval, rather bruacl. Thorax reddish-yellow ; white stripes of el.vtra narrow, the outer one the shorter ; legs black, the tibiie pale. Head finely and sparsely punctate. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides distinctly curved, apex much broader than base. Length 5.5-6 mm. Vigo County; scarce. January 5-December 28. Hibernates beneath chunl. 5-6.5 mm. Southern half of the State frequent; Lake County, rare. April 15-October 10. Occurs on vegetation and beneath bark. XLII. Deo.mitis Bon. 1813. (G^r., "a runner.") Small piceous beetles, having- the palpi and tarsi slender, the fourth joint of latter not bilobed nor emarginate ; tarsal claws ser- rate ; mentum without a tooth. One of the two species is found in Indiana. 201 (906). Dkouhl-s PiCEis De.i.. Sjiec. V. 1S20, ;!(i.5. Ovate, slender, depressed. Piceous, moderately shining ; antennsE, mouth parts and legs, ajid narrow margins of thorax and el.vtra, pale brownish- yellow. Head with lengthwise wrinkles aliove the e.ves. Thorax slightly wider than long, narrower at base: sides curved with a ratlier wide re- flexed margin ; disk finely wrinkled, the median line distinct, hind angles obtuse. Elytral striic fine, indistinctly ]iunctnred; intervals slightly con- vex. Length 6-7. ."i mm. Jennings County; scarce. November 20, Occurs beneath bark. XLIII. Apristus Chaufl. 18-16, (Gv.. " without -f saw.") Small black species having the tarsal daws simple ; mentum toothed- li.Siila small, cordiform with four seta- in front; thorax 150 rA:\[ILT II. CAEABIDiE. truncate at base. Four species are known from the United States, two of which have been taken iri Indiana. They occur in damp, sandy localities. 262 (908). Apeistus cokdicollis Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist, IV, 184S, 190. Black with slight tinge of blue; antennse piceous; legs black. Thorax cordate, slightly wider than long, side margins a little broader and more reflexed near base; median line deep, reaching basal margin; hind angles acute, slightly prominent. Elj-tral striae deeply impressed ; Intervals rather strongly convex. Males with three joints of front tarsi dilated and with two rows of small scales beneath. Length 3.5-^ mm. Marion, Vigo and Morgan counties; rare. April 6-Oetober 15. Larger than the next, the ehira flatter, the intervals more convex. 263 (909). Apbisixs subsllcatus Dej.. Spec. II, lS2ij. 451. Piceous. bronzed ; elytra often brownish. Thorax with sides less curved in front, less sinuate behind than in cordicolHs; hind angles rectangular not prominent, the margins not wider behind; median line fine, usually not leaching the basal margin. Length 3-3.5 mm. Vigo and Lawrence counties ; rare. !May 29-July 20. XLIV. BuECHEUS :\rotsch. 1848. (^'L., "black.") Very small black shiaing species, differing from those of allied genera by having the base of thorax slightly lobed; mentum not toothed ; ligula small with two seta in front ; claws of tarsi serrate. Two of the three species have been taken in Indiana. 21.4 (911). Bi.ECHBi;s ^-IGEI^-us Mann.. Bull. Mosc. II, 1S43. 1S4. Elongate, depressed. Black or piceous, shining. Thorax one-fourth wider than long, broadest one-third from apex ; sides moderately curved lu front, slightly sinuate near base, hind angles rect;mgular : disk very finely wrinkled, median line deeply impri'ssed. Elytra oblong, nearly parallel, one-third longer than head and thorax : faintly striate near the suture. Length 3-8.5 mm. Vigo County; scarce. April 15. Occurs beneath bark in open woods. 21;.!; (913). Blechrus prsio Lee., New Sp. X. Amer. Col.. I. 1863, 6. Black-bronzed, very sbining. Thorax not wider than long, widest just Ijehind the apex, more narrowed behind, the hind angles indistinct. Elytra almost smooth, not louLier than head and thorax, their sides distinitly curved. Length 2 mm. :Marion and Clark counties : scarce. Jlay 5-October 9. Ocouin beneath bark on oak logs. One of the smallest of our Carabida?. THE GHOUND BEETLES. 151 XLV. Metabletus Seh.-Goeb. 1846. (Gr., "changeable.") Represented in the United States by a single small, oblong black beetle having the ligula elongate-oval Avith five short sets in front, thorax slightly lobed at base, mentum with a small tooth notched at apex. 266 (914). Metabletus ameeicanus Dej., Spec. V, 1829, 361. Rather slender, subdepressed. Uniform black, shining. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, narrowed behind ; median line distinct, deep ; margin very narrow, hind angles distinct, not prominent. Elytral striae very faint, not punctured. Length 3.5 mm. Lake County; rare. May 14. Taken from beneath bark of pine. Eesembles Blechrus nigrimis in form and size. A member of the boreal fauna. XLVI. AxiNOPALPus Lee. 1848. (G-r., "ax + palpus.") Very small beetles having the mentum emarginate, distinctly toothed ; labial palpi thick, the last .joint oval ; maxillary palpi long and slender, the last joint cylindrical and acutely prolonged at tip. One species occurs in Indiana. 267 (915). AxiNOPAUUs kiplagiatus Dej., Spec. I, 1825, 243. Rather broad, subdepressed. Piceous, shining; antennse dusky, paler at base; legs and an oblique stripe, extending from humerus to middle of elytra, pale yellow. Thorax less than twice as wide as long, slightly cor- date ; sides curved, sinuate near the hind angles, which are rectangular ; median impressed line distinct, entire. Elytra faintly striate on middle of disk. Length 3 mm. Lake, Marshall and Marion counties; scarce. June 24-Novem- ber 23. Occurs beneath bark in damp localities. XLVII. Callida Dej. 1825. (Gr., "beautiful.") Small elongate beetles, usually of bright metaUie colors and in our species having the upper side of tarsi convex, not sulcate or im- pressed. One .species has been taken in Indiana, while another should occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CAIilDA. a. Body above bicolored ; thorax red, elytra blue or green. 268. PtTNOTATA. tttt. Body bright blue or green; elytra not longer than head and thorax, their strise fine, intervals flat. pubpueea. 268 (923). Callida punctata Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848, 189. Elongate, narrow, convex. Head usually dark blue; thorax reddish- yellow; elytra bright green; legs yellow, the tips of the femora and tarsi 152 FA:MILY II. CAEABIDiK. piceous; antenme piceDiis. paler at Unse. Thorax a little longer than wide, widest slightly in front of middle ; margin very narrow, hind angles obtuse ; disk transversely wrinkled, a few jmnctures near apex. Elytra oblonj;. gradually broader behind; tlie striie tine, punctate; intervals tiat, sparsely punctate. Length 7-7.5 mm. Northern half of State, frequent; Dubois county only in the south. May 14-October 10. Often found on flowers. One of our most handsome Carabids. (' purpurea Say. 7.5-9 mm. in length, ranges from ^Michigan to Georgia, ]\nssouri and Kansas, but has not yet been noted in In- diana. XL VIII. Plochioxus Dej. 1825. (Gr., "a lock of hair.") This genus is very close to Callidn. being separated by the char- acters given in key, and by the ligula having four setae instead of two, as in f'alHda. One species occurs in Indiana. 2(i0 (0:n). Plocuionis timidus Hald.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 1S42, 29S. Rather broad, de])ressed. Uniform darli: brown, the margin of thorax and elytra translureut. Thorax broader than long, sides strongly rounded, base wider than apex ; margin broad, hind angles rectangular ; disk trans- versely wrinliled, median line distinct. Elj-tral strise deep, not punctured: intei-vals ronvex, alutaceous. Males with the front tarsi narrowly dilated, the first three joints with two rox^s of small scales beneath. Length 7-7.5 mm. Marion County ; scarce. March 16-November 17. Probably hi- bernates. Occurs in damp places beneath bark and rubbish. XLIX. PiNACODERA Schaum. 1860, (Gr.. "flat -^ neck.") Oblong, brown or piceous beetles of rather small size, having the tarsi smooth above, the middle pair in male dilated. Hind angles of thorax in our species obtuse, not prominent ; inner wings well developed. Two species have been taken in Indiana. KEY TO IXIIIAXA SPECIES OF PTXACODERA. ('. Elytra with pale humeral spot; thorax distinctly narrowed behind, it-< margin broail .ind translucent. 270. umbata. aa. Elytra without pale spot .-it humerus; thorax very little narrowed be- hind, the margin narrow, scarcely translucent 271. platicoixi.s. 270 (934). PiNACODERA LiMBA-iA De.j.. Spec. V. ls21t, .'120. Kather slender, deiiressed. Dark brown avs<'ly and finely punctured. lOlytra but little widened beliind, obsuletely costate. Length 7.5-9 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 10-October 17. •2S7 (071). Bkachynus cyanipennis Say. Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., Ill, 1S23, 148 ; ibid. II, 91. Elytra blue-black. Thorax shorter than usual, distinctly wider than long, front angles obtusely rounded, hind ones evident, not prominent. Ely- Ira slightly wider behind, the humeri distinct but strongly rounded, the cost* very faint. Length 8-9 mm. Fulton County ; rare. June 20. lISS ( ). Bhachynus pulchellls sp. nov. Resembles perplcxus in form and size. Elytra distinctly darlier, black- ish-blue ; sides of meso- and metasterna and entire abdomen fuscous. An- tenu;e with joints 3 and 4 almost black. Thorax longer than wide, the base gradually constricted, its disk more convex and hind angles acute and more distinct than in perplex us. Elytra almost smooth, the humeri distinct. Length 7-9 mm. Vigo and Posey counties ; scarce. February li-April 18. From cordicollis, our only other small species with the third and fourth joints of antennae dark, it differs in. the thorax being much narrower and less constricted, and with less prominent hind angles. This is one of the tirst species to appear in spring and is the only one besides iormeniarms which has been taken in the winter months. It occurs in low, sandy localities. 289 (966). Bbachynvs pekplexus Dej., Spec. V, 1829, 426. Elytra dark blue; antennae and entire under surface, except the sides of abdomen, reddish-yellow. Thorax longer than wide, the widest part about twice the width of base; front margin truncate, the angles obtuse; hind angles not at all prominent ; sides very broadly rounded in front of middle. Elytra but little wider behind, obsoletely costate, nearly or quite covering the abdomen ; humeri evident but narro\'\'. Length 8-9 mm. Posey County; rare. April 9. 290 (965). Bkachynus minTjTUS Harr., N. Eng. Far., VII, 1S2S, 117. Smaller and more slender than janthintpcnnis, which it resembles closely in form and color. Thorax more narrow, distinctly longer than wide, much less constricted behind, the hind angles scarcely evident. Humeri narrow, less rounded than in the next. Length 5.:". -6 mm. Jilarshall, Fulton, Whitley and Kosciusko counties; scarce. June 5-Aus"ust 17. This is the piiyidlio of LeConte, which is re- garded as a synonym of viinuhis, though the latter is said by Har- 1-62 FAMILY II. — OAnABfD.i;. ris to have the abdomen and antenns fuscous. In the LeConte collection at Cambridge the single example labeled minutus is simi- lar to the Indiana specimens, as is also the type of pwnilio bearing that label and placed at the side of the other specimen. If a com- parison with the Harris tjpe shows the two to be different the name pumilio will stand. 291 (963). Brachynus janthimpennis Dej., Spec. V, 1829, 412. Elytra dark blue, oftea witli a faint greenish tinge ; antennae, legs and entire under surface reddisli-yellow. Thorax slightly longer than wide, hind angles prominent ; surface not punctate, faintly, transversely strigose. Elytra parallel, the costse evident. Length 6.5-7 mm. Northern half of State; frequent along the shores of lakes, ilay 20-August 8. 292 (972). Beachynus iatebaus Dej., Spec. V, 1829, 426. Apical half of antennse dusky ; legs, except the knees, pale yellow ; ely- tra dull blackish-blue with pale lateral margin. Thorax less narrowed be- hind than in allied forms, hind angles acute, but slightly prominent; elytra! costse obsolete, the humeri distinct. Length 8-9.5 mm. A species of southern range, known from Indiana by a single specimen taken in Posey County. April 10. 293 (967). Bkachynus medius Harr., New Eng. Far., VII, 1828, 117. Antennse fuscous ; abdomen dark browru. Thorax as long as wide, the front margin concave, the front angles deflexed and obtusely rounded. Ely- tra slightly wider behind, the humeri rounded but distinct, the oostse evi- dent but faint Length 4.5-5.5 mm. Vigo County; rare. April 24. Our smallest species. Tribe IX. CHL.5CNI1NI. Antennse slender, arising from beneath a slight frontal ridge, the three basal joints glabrous. Head not narrowed behind the eyes to a neck ; labrum transverse, truncate or emarginate ; clypeus more or less prolonged between the mandibles which are feebly curved and without a seta on outer side; mentum broad, usually emarginate and toothed. Thorax variable in form, the sets of the margin either slender or wanting. Body not pedunculate, scutel- lum distinct. Elytra margined at base, sides narrowly inflexed, surface striate \rithout dorsal punctures. Prosternum not pro- longed ; hind coxEe contiguous. Tarsi slender, claws simple. IMales with three or four joints of front tarsi dilated and densely spongy beneath. The tribe is represented in the United States fauna by seven genera, six of which occur in Indiana. iilJ- lu:uL_\U JiKETLKS. 163 KEY TO IXDIAXA GEXEEA OF ClIIuEKlINl. «. Punctures ot eighth stria of elytra distant from the margin, the ninth stria very distinct ; eyes regular in outline, not truncate behind ; colfiv mostly green or blue-black. I. ilentum wath a distinct lobe each side; length S or more mm. e. .Mentum toothed in the center of the notch. LV. Chl.e.nils. cc. Mentum not toothed. LVI. Anomoglussls. bh. Mentum without lobes, truncate in front; length 11-9.5 mm. LiVII. Beachyluuls. iKi. Eighth Ktria of elytra very close to the margin, the ninth indistinct ; eyes truncate behind ; color black or piceous. (1. All the tarsi pubescent beneath ; clypeus with a bristle-bearing punc- ture each side ; labrum with six setse ; length 9.5-10 mm. LTIII. Lachxocrepis. (IiJ. Hind tarsi not pubescent beneath. e. Front tarsi of males with four joints dilated, the flrst three spongy beneath ; clypeus without bristle-bearing punctures ; labrum with six set« ; length 5-6 mm. LIX. Amatbichis. ee. Front tarsi of male with three joints dilated and spongy; second joint of labial palpi without setae in front; thorax as wide at base as elytra ; length 7.5 or more mm. LX. Oodes. LV. Chl.^nius Bon. 1813. (Gr.. "a cloak or mantle.") This genus is composed of greenish- or bluish-black oblong beetles of medium or large size. They are mostly finely pubescent, and when handled give off an odor like that of morocco leather. In a niimber of species the base of thorax is as wide as that of elytra. They live beneath stones, logs, etc., the majority of the species being found in damp localities, when^ tlie,^' feed largely upon other in- sects. In 23 individuals dissected by Dr. Forbes. X'^> per cent, of the stomach content was found to be of animal origin. ()f this 65 per cent. wa,s of insects, chiefly cutwcjnns, canker- worms and other injurious forms, so that the genits ranks high among the beneficial Oarabidae. About 43 species of C'hlaenius are known from the United States. Of these. 16 have been taken in Indiana, while two others perhaps occur. The principal papers treating of the genus are as follows: LfCovte. — "Analytical Table of the Species of Ohlaenius in the United States." in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VIII, 1856, 25. Horn. — "Revision of the Species of Chla^nius in the United States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, Y, 1876, 253. iIor/(.— "Synoptic Table," in Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, IV, 1882, 3. For convenience the Indiana species are first divided into two groups and these in turn into species. 164 ■ PAillLT II.- ;ahabid.tb. KFY TO GROT r.S OF IMIANA SPF.( lES OF CHI,.1..NH S. Third joint of anteniue longer than fourth; middle tibise of male with a pubescent spuce near the tip. Group .1. Third joint of antennie not longer than fourth (except in tometitosiis) : middle tibi£e of male without a inibesceiit space at tip. Grijup B. Geoit a. In this group the malps have a pubescent space of greater or less extent near tlie tip of the middle tibiae. This is usually on the outer edge, but sometimes in front of the tibit^. The liasal line and side margin of the elytra unite at the humerus to form either a dis- tinct angle or a regular curve ; and ' " l)asal line anguLate at hu- merus '' and "basal line curved at humertus" are temis used to ilesignate the two modes of union. KEY TO I^'DIANA SPECIES OF GROUP A, u. Abdomen smooth at middle, spuisely and finely punc-tured on the sides. 6. Prostemum not margined at tip, feebly punc-tured or sm^vith in front ; male with front femora subangulate at base. e. Color bright green, shining ; length 12-14 mm. 294. soutabius. cc. Color dark blue: thorax subopaque, elytra opaque; length IS- 15 mm. 295. leccoscelis. hb. Prosternum margined at tip, coarsely punctured in front; color greai, the last ventral segment nearly wholly brownish-yellow ; length 17 nun. 2'.Mj. pkasisis. na. Abdomen sparsely i>unctured at middle, more densely at sides. d. Epistema (side pieces i of metastemum short, the outer side shorter than the front one ; thorax narrower at base than elytra. f. Thorax greenish-bronzed above, the side^ distinctly sinuate near linsf; front femora of male subangulate at base. 297. .esitvi s. 'c. Thorax violet or purplish-blue above, not sinuate near base. f. Thorax wider than long: front femora of male ~abangulate at base. PLATTDERCS. ff. Thorax about as li:>ng as wide; front femora of male simple. 29s. DEETIXIS dd. Epistema of metastemum Ung. the outer side longer than the front one. g. Sides of thorax not or feebly sinuate near base. h. Color bright green to blue, legs pale. 299. sekicevs. Ml. CViIor blackish or dark blue. i. Smaller, 13-15 mm.; base of thorax as wide as elytra; front femora of male toothed at Ijuse. 3(Xi. laticollis. U. Larger, 21-23 mm. ; base of thorax narrower than elj-tra ; front femora of male simple. fi. scicor^is. gg. Sides of thorax distinctly sinuate near base; color and size of fug- eicornis. 301. ebttheopcs. THE GEOUND I1ET:TLES. 165 -04 (1009), Chmsnius somtakixjs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Scjc, II, 1823, 65 ; ibid. II, 487. Elongate-oval, rattier slender. Above bright green ; legs and basal por- tion of antennaj pale yellow; under surface dark reddish-brown, the last ventral segment margined with dull yellow. Thorax slightly longer than wide, base and apex almost equal and much narrcjwer than elytra ; sides rather strongly curved in front, sinuate near base, hind angles rectangular ; disk sparsely punctured along the base and apex. Elytral intervals convex. sparsely punctate and pubescent. Length/12-14 mm. Starke. Vigo, INTartin, Posey and Clark counties; scarce. April 15-Deeember 10, Resembles pra.^inns in color but smaller, brighter green and with much narrower thorax. 285 (1008). Chi^nids leucoscblis Chevr., Col. Mex., I, 1R:!4, 71. Elongate-oval. Above dark violet blue; antennae and le.sjs vcddish- lii-Dwn; under surface piceous. Thorax as in mlitariiis, the basal impres- sions and median line deeper, the former long and curved; center of disk each side not punctured, Elj'tral intervals subconvex, rather densely and Huely punctulate. Length 13.5-lG mm. Clark and Floyd counties'; frequent beneath stones along the Ohio River. April 15-October 0, 296 (1007). Chi^nius peasinus Dej., Spec. II. 1820. .345. Elongate oval, robust. Above bright green ; legs and antenmi:; pale : under surface black, the last ventral segment dull yellow. Thorax broader than long; sides curved* in front, gradually narrowed from middle to base, which is distinctly narrower than elytra : hind angles obtuse; disk i-narsely and sparsely punctate. Elytral strife shallow, distinctly punctured ; inter- vals rather densely and finely punctate. Length 17-18 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent in damp localities. April 16- July 14. In one specimen from Vigo County the elytra are blackish- green. 207 (100.3). CHL.ENILS ^STivrs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 62; ibid. II, 484. Elongate-oval. Head and thora.x green, slightly bronzed ; elytra black with bluish tinge ; legs and three basal joints of antennae pale ; under sur- face black. Head, except the middle of fi'ont, coarsely and deeiily punctate. Thorax nearly as long as Avide, sides feebly sinuate near base, disk coarsely rind densely punctured. Elytral striae finely punctured ; intervals finely, tensely and indistinctly punctulate. Length 16-17 mm. Southern part vf State, frequent; much less so in the northern counties. .April 12~.Juue 2S. (!. phil nihriis ('li,-iii(l,, 14,5 min, in h-uglli, is recdrded Fi-oiii Illi- nois and weslAViiid, and possibly occurs in western Indiana, 166 FAMILY TT. CAHABlDJi;. 298 (1001). Chl*-nius diffinis CUaud., Bull. Mosc, III, 1856, 279. Elongate-oval, robust. Bluish with ,i tinge of green ; elytra darker ; antenu£e brown, three basal Joints paler. Head coarsely punctured, smooth at middle and in front. Thorax with liase very little broader than apex, sides moderately curved in front, slightly converging, not sinuate near base; disk moderately convex, densely and coarsely punctured. Elytral stria with rather distant punctures; intervals flat, rather densely punctulate. Length 13-15 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April ll-July ]4. *299 (99fi). Chl.t;nius seeiceus Forst., Nov. Spec. Ins. Cent, I, 1771, .jS. Klongate-oval, rather slendei-. convex. Bright green, suiiietimes with a bluish tinge ; antennai usually pale, often with the apical joints dark-er ; under surface black. Thorax nearly quadrate, wider at base than apex, dense- ly and rather coarsely and deeply punctate. Elytral striae fine, with rather fine, distant punctures ; intervals flat, densely and finely punctate. Length 13-17 mm. CFig. SO. i Throughout the State ; common about the mar- gin.s of ponds, lakes and streams. April 16-Deeem- bcr S. ^'to^rtinat/*' •^"•^' (1000). Chl.?5Nids LATicoLLis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II, 1S2.'?, (U; ibid. II, 486. Resembles diffinis very closely. Differs in having the antennae and legs uniform brownish-yellow. Thorax wider, feebly sinuate near the base, which is distinctly wider than apex; disk less densely punctured and more convex. Length 13-15 mm. Lake and Starke counties; rare. April S-ilav 28. The longer side pieces of metastcrnum. broader thorax, short spine near base of male femora and wholly pale antenna? easily distinguish it from diffinis. C. fusicoriiis Dej.. antennse brown, the two basal joints paler, is recorded from the "Gulf States. Illinois and ^Missouri." *301 (994). Chlekius erythbopus Germ., Ins. Spec. Nov.. 1824. 11. Elongate-oval, very robust. I'lceous-black. the thorax with a tinge of blue; legs and antennoe uniform lH-o«nish-yellow. Thorax slightly longer than wide, base broader than apex ; surfai'c densely and rather coarsely punctured. Elytral stria^ fine, finely punctured ; intervals flat, rather dense- ly punctulate. Front femora of male subangulate at base. Length 21- 23 mm. Throaghuut the State; common. -January 1-September 22. Taken in Vigo Cmiuty in Januai'v and February, but more common in colonics tin- first warm days of ^larch. THE GEOL'XD BEETLES. 1G7 Geoup B. The species of this group art', as a riile, much smaller than those of Group A. The males are without a puhescent space at tip of middle tibia?, and the third joint of antennas is almost always equal to or shorter than the fourth. KEY TO INDIAjN'A SPECIES OF GROUP B. ((. Abdomen without tjuuctufes and glabrous; thorax as bmad at base as elytra, sides not sinuate, basal iniyressiuns very feeble, surface dense- ly punctured. 302. tomentosvs. (1(1. Abdomen sparsely punctured and pubescent over the entire surface. ';. Sides of thorax not sinuate ; prosternum not margined at tip. c. Legs black; thorax as wide at base as elytra, its disk with coarse punctures very irregularly placed, ri. Margin of thorax not thickened; bat black, legs pale. Thorax slightly wider than long, sides moderately curveil. feebly sinuate near base; disk convex, cnarsely and rather sparsely pmu-- tate; basal impressions linear, deep. El.vtral stria-' deep, rather conrs^el.v punctured; intervals flat, muricate. Length 10-1 l.ri mm. Throna'hout the State; more common in the northern half, where it often occurs in small eolonids lieneath rubbish along the margins of lakes. Januai-y :V(^(-tober 13. 307 (1019). CiiMCNii .s BHEViTABRis Lec, .\nn. Lye. Xat. Hist., IV, 1S4S, 437. Form and color of peniisijJrnnicux. Elytra bluish-black, the intervals flat, finely and indistinctly punctured. Length 10-12 mm. THE GKO^^TD BT5ETLRS. 169 Northern half of State; scarue. April 26-November 28. Very <'lose to tricolor but narrower and with the labrum feebly but dis- tinctly and broadly c: larginate, the thorax broader and less nar- roAved in front and the elytral strire more coarsely punctured. 308 (1018). CHLiENics TRICOLOR De.1., Spec. II, 1826, 334. Elongate-oval, broader tlian the two preceding. Head and thorax green, elyti-a blackish-blue. Thorax nar- rower at apex than base, broader than long; sides curved and feebly sinuate behind; disk rather coarse- ly and densely punctured, basal impressions narrow and rather deep. Elytral strife fine, rather deep, fine- ly punctured; intervals flat, finely, sparsely and indis- tinctly punctate. Length 11.5-13 mm. (Fig. 91.) Throughout the State; frequent. April 17- Novomber 28. •jOO (1017). CHLffiNius NEMOEALis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 65;" ibid. II, 487. ^,^ ,; ^ ,^ (q^^.^,,,, Form of tricolor. Head and thorax coppery-bronze; elytra black with but a faint bluish tinge ; antennas and legs reddish-brown. Thorax narrower at apex than base; disk alutaceous, finely and rather sparsely punctured ; basal impressions narrow, deep ; median line distinctly impressed its full length. Elytral striae narrow, rather coarsely punctured; intervals slightly convex, very finely and sparsely punctate. Length 11.5- 13 mm. Northern half of State ; fref(uent. March 21-October 7. Very close to tricolor but the thorax distinctly alutaceous, subopaque, more convex in front and much more finely punctate. LVI. Anomoglossus Chaud. 1856. (Gr., " irregular 4- tongue. ") The members of this genus resemble those of Chlce)iius, but differ by the entire absence of any mentum tooth and by the man- dibles being longer and less curved. The entire surface of the ab- domen is punctured and pubescent, the basal line of elytra is angu- late at humerus and the labrum is emarginate. Two species occur in Indiana. This genus and the next are treated by: Horn.— In Trans. Amer. Entom, Soc, V, 1876, 273-274. Horn.— In Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, IV, 1882, 29. 310 (1034). Anomoglossi's EAfAHGiNATrs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823. 62 ; ibid. II. 485. Elongate-ov;il. r;ither slender. Hend bright green; thorax green tinged mth bronze; elytra dark blue; antennne and legs pale. Thorax slightly lonircr than wid<'. broador at li;ise than a|icx, side.s not at all sinunte near base, hind angles olitusc. disk coiirsely and rather closely ijunctalc. Ely- tral inlcrvals flat, densely and coarsely pun<-tured. Length 12-14 mm. 170 FAJriLT II. — CARABTDa-:. Southern half of Statr. frequent; much less so northward. April 16-Oetober 17. Eesembles Chlii.^!iiiis ustirus closely in gen- eral appearance. *:J11 (1036). Anomuglossvk plsillus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Sue, II, 1S23. G3 ; ibid. II, 485. Oblong-oval. Head and thorax bluish-green ; elytra dark blue, some- times black : autenii:e and legs reddish-brown. Labrum deepl.v emargiuate. Thora.x as wide as lon.g. narrower at base than apex; sides distinctly sin- uate, hiud angles acute; disk coarsely, rather sjiarsely and deeply punctate, Elytral intervals moderately convex, cwarsely and closely punctured. Length S-8.5 mm. Throughout the State; s-arce. -Tanuary L!l-August 9. Occur-; Ix'iieath rubbish in damp localities. LVII. Bbachylobxts Chaucl. Ib7(i. (^Gr., " short -i- lobe. ") Known from allied genera by the mentuiii being without lobes, transversely trapezoidal, much narrowed and scarcely at all emar- giuate in front, its sides very obliquely truncate; mentum tooth en- tirely absent. One species (icciirs in Indiana. 312 (1037). Bkachylobcs LiTHOPi-iiLrs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Sue., II, 1823, 02: ibid. II. 4,8.5. Elongate-oval. (Ireen nr blackish-green, head and thorax shining; ely- tra thickly clothed with yellowish hairs; antennffi fuscous, paler at base; legs pale ; under surface black. Thorax one-third broader than long, nar- rower at apex than base, the latter as broad as elytra ; sides broadly curved, not sinuate; disk densely and coarsely punctured, hind angles obtuse. Ely- tral strife finely punctured, intervals flat, sparsely and finely punctulate. Pro- and mesosterna coarsely punctured. Length 9-9.5 mm. Throughout the State: fi-equeiit. Ai)ril (J-Sei)tember 5. Oc- curs mostly in damp sandy places about the margins of lakes and streams. LVIII. L.u:hn(h'repis Lcc. is,"):'.. vOr., "soft hair i foot.") <.)iic rathi'r small black siiecics, (he male oF which has four .joints (if the front tarsi rather broadly dilatiMJ. represents this uemis in the United States, The principal |>apers treating of it and the next two are by : Hoi-)!.— "On the Species of ()odes and Allied Genera of the U S.." ill Trans. Amer. Knt. Soo.. HT, 1S7(I, l(l.')-109. Uiini. — "Synoptic Table.'' in Hull, Brook. Ent, Sue. IV, 1SS2. 29, 30, THE GROUND BEETLES. 171 313 (1039). Lachnoceepis paraixelcs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 1834, 420 ; ibid. II, 532. Elongate-oblong, parallel, subconvex. Black, shining, very finely alu- taceous ; antennae piceous, two basal joints paler ; legs and region of hind angles of thorax reddish-brown, the latter translucent. Thorax slightly wider than long, widest a little behind the middle; apex narrower than base, the latter as wide as elytra ; disk not punctured ; hind angles obtuse. Elytra seven-striate, the strite parallel their full length, finely and distantly punctate; intervals subconvex, smooth. Length 9.5-10.5 mm. Lake and Kosciusko counties ; scarce. May 6-October 29. Oc- curs near water. • LIX. Anatrichis Lee. 1853. (G-r., " without -i- hair.") Small oval or oblong black or piceous beetles, separated from allied genera by the characters given in the key. One species oe- ciirs in Indiana. 314 (1040). Anateichis minuta Dej., Spec. V, 1829, 677. Oval, broader behind. Black, shining ; antennae piceous, the basal joints and legs reddish-brown. Base of thorax as wide as elytra ; sides feebly curved, converging gradually to apex ; disk finely not densely punctate ; basal impressions deep, short. Elytral strise deep, serrately punctate; in- tervals flat, minutely punctulate. Length 5-6 mm. One specimen taken in Posey County. April 9. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. LX. OoDES Bon. 1813. (Gr., "egg -h form.") Small or medium sized, oval or oblong, black or greenish-blaek, shining beetles, resembling closely certain forms of the genus Amara. All have the thorax as wide at base as elytra, and the third interval of latter with two dorsal punctures behind the middle. They occur, for the most part, beneath stones, etc., along the margin of lakes and ponds. Five species have been taken in the State. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF OODES. a. Elytra with seven strise equally distinct; first joint of front tarsi of male entirely spongy beneath. B. Thorax broadest at base; length 7.5-9 mm. 315. amaeoides. ?)6. Thorax broadest just in front of base; length 12.5 mm. c. Elytral striae distinctly and closely punctured; form very broad. 316. AMERIOANUS. cc. Elytral strife finely and distantly punctured ; form more narrow. 317- FLUviAus il- FAJriLY ir. CAKAUin-K. ad. Seventh elj'tral stiia either entirely obliterated m- replaced by fine, dis- tant punctures; first joint of fi'ont tarsi of male spongy only at apex. d. Elytral striae punctured their entire length ; tibiaa and tarsi pale yel- low, 31 S. crPE.EUs. (Id. Elytral stri;e not punctured ; tibiae and tarsi black or piceous. 319. 14-STBIATUS. 01.5 (1041). Codes amaboides Dej., Spec. V. 1829, Gt^i. Olilonu'-oTal. Black or piceous, shining; margin and basal angles of thorax often translucent; antennse reddish-brown, legs piceous. Thorax gi'adually broader from apex to base, where it is one-half wider than long; sides feebly curved; disk smooth, basal and median Impressions oljsolete. Elytra with sides subparallel and very obtuse at apex; strife finely punc- tured; Intervals flat, Length 7. .5-0 mm. Lake. Ko.scixi'iko, ^larshall aiid Khmx oonnties : frequent. -June ] 7-August 17. ol6 (1042). OiJDES .iMEEicA?;ES Dej., Spec. II, 1S26. 377. Broadly oval; black, shining, finely alutaceous; legs and antennte as iu amaroides. Thorax gradually broader from apex to base, slightly narrower at base than immediately in front; median line fine but distinct. Elytra subparallel; striae mcderately deep, finely ;iud closely punctured; intervals feebly convex. Length 12.5 mm. Knfi-x and Yv^■^> conntii's; scarr-c. April 23-September 2. 317 (1043). OODES FLrviALis Lee, X, Sp. X, Amer. Col., I, ]S<;y, 13. J Resembles the preceding but narrower and more convex, Tbora.x less rounded in at base, with more distinct median line. Elytral striae less deep, very finely, distantly and in- distinctly punctured ; intei-vals flat. Length 12,.5 mm. i Fig. 92.) Lake, ^Marshall Kns'-insko and Clarion counties; scarce. May 15-Axigvist 27. 318 (10451. OoDES CTJPRJEUS Chaud,, Bull. Mosc. IV, 1843, Fig. 92, X 1|. 701. ngina.) Elougate-oval. rather slender. Greenish-bronze; margin of thorax and elytra often bright green, shining : antennae and femora pic- eous, the two basal joints of former paler. Elytral striae shallow, the sev- enth wholly absent: intervals flat. I^ength Hi mm. Throuo-hont the State; frequent. Augrnst 17-Xovember 9. 319 (1048), OODES 14-STRiATis Chaud,. Bull. Mosc. IV. 1,843, 759. Elongate-oval, robust, fireenish-black. slightly bronzed; antenna; dark reddish-bro^^•n. Thorax trrartually brofider from apex to base; meflian line very faint. Elytra rather deeply striate, the seventh lacking; interval- feebly convex, finely alutacef.iis, L.-^ngth 11,5 mm. :\rartin. Dark. Fli.>d and Pcsey r-ountics; siaree. April 11- ^Jcpteinber 27, Ranoii-s from Ohio to Louisiana and Texas. ..-„ 173 Trihe 111. II AKI'AI.IM. ^Vntenna' usually slender, arising from beneath a slight frontal ndge. two basal joints, sometimes a portion of the third, glabrous. Head often large, usually moderate, not narrowed to a neck ; labrura iiKiderately prominent, truncate or emarginate; mandibles sU)ut, acute at tip and without bristle-bearing puncture on outer side ; mentum broad, emarginate, with cr without a median tooth. Thorax variable in form, with a lateral seta, but none in the hind angles. Body sometimes subpedunculate; scutellum distinct. Ely- tra usually margined at base, sides narrowly inflexed, surface stri- ate, often densely punctured, either pubescent or smooth, with or without dorsal punctures. Prostemum not prolonged; hind coxp contiguous; front tarsi with the outer apical angle spinous or ob- tusely prolonged. The tribe is a large one, being represented in the United States fauna by 17 genera, 14 of which occur in Indiana. Many of these have been established on trivial or sexual characters, so that they are difficult to distinguish unless both sexes are at hand. To make shorter an otherwise long generic key, the genera are distributed by Ilcrn among four .subtribps. three of which are represented in. Indiana. < KEY TO INDIAN.\ SVIiTlilBES OF I r.\ RPAI.IX I. ,(. Front tarsi of male feebly or not at all clilatecl, pilose or spinnse be- neath; e.ves, ex(e])t in Ar/unoihTiis. small and widely sejiarated from the mouth beneath: oblong or cval conve.v species, usually piceous or brownish-yellon- in hue. Subtribe A., p. 17:',. (HI. Fvimt tarsi of male dilated: less conve.x. blaik. brown or pii-cius, rarely lirownish-yellow species. h. Dilated .inints !.r front tarsi with two rows of small fciiles beneath. Subtribe B.. p. 178. hi). Dilated joints of front tarsi densely spongy pubescent or brush-like beneath. Subtribe C, ]). 19.3. Subtribe A. (D.-vpti.) To this group beiong five Indiana genora, separated as follovys : KEY TO INDI.\N.\ OENERA Or (IROIP .\. (I. JIandibles promlnout. cj-nssing at an angle, deejily strigose tit tiii: l)oily subpedunculate: front tibiie strongly fossorial. LXI. (Jeopint-ls. aa. Mandibles not prominent, at most feebly crnssing; liidy not peduncu- late. 174 FA:\rrLY ii. — carabid.e. h. (Juter apical angle of front tibiae prolonged ; form robust ; length 14 mm. LXII. Xothopus. 66. Outer apical angle of tibiae not prolonged; form less robust; lengtli less than 11 mm. c. Mentum tootlied; bind angles of tliorax sharply rectangular; length 8-10 mm. LXIII. Cbatacaxthus. ec. llentum not toothed ; length less than S.o mm. d. First joint of hind tarsi slightly longer than second; outer edge of middle tibiae rather flat and with a double row of spinules closely placed ; elytra with one dorsal puncture. LXIV. AGONODEBTjS. dd. First joint of hind tarsi nearly :is long as the next three; middle tibiae with the spinules sparsely placed, in the male curved and serrate on the inner side ; three rows of dorsal punctures. LXV. DiscoDEsrs. LXI. flEOPixrs Lee. 184.S. fGr.. "eaith ^ dirt.") Eepresented in the United States by one medium-sized robust species which burrows deeply in damp, sandy localities. The sur- face is smooth and glabrous, thus favoring its subterranean life. It may often be taken hj- suddenly turning over an old log partly buried in sand. 320 (10.52). Geopinus ixceas-satts Dej.. Spec. IV, 182S. 21. Oblong, convex. Brownish-yellow ; front and middle of thorax and disk of elytra often more or les.s piceous. Thorax one-half broader than long, gradually narrowed be- hind the middle ; base a little narrower than elytra, region of the hind angles depressed. Elytra sinuate near apex, striae moderately deep, not punctured; intervals slightly eon- vex. Length 1.3..5~15 mm. (Fig. 93.) Lake, Lajjorte, Clarion and Vigo coun- ties: sraree. April 2.3— June 15. Four were taken at electric light in Terre Fig. 93. Line shows natural length. HaUtC On JunC 9. LXII. XoTHOPCS Lee. 18-53. (Gr.. " spuriuus - f oot. ' " ) Represented ia the United States by a single ryther large, ro- bust black or piceous beetle, having the outer angle of front tibia narrowly prolonged and rather deeply sinuate above the tooth. It occurs from the Rocky ]\[()nntains eastwai d tfl Illinois and rarely to northern Indiana. THE GROUND BEETLES. 175 321 (1054). NOTHOPUS GEOSsrs Say. Tvnns. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 1834, 4.30. ibid. II, 543. Robust, convex. Black, shining; antennae and legs piceous. Ttiorax nearly twice as wide as long, as wide at base as elytra; basal mar- gin depressed, especially so in the region of the hind angles, which are rectangular ; disk sparsely but rath- er coarsely punctured near baseband apex. Elytral strise fine, not punc- tured ; third, fifth and seventh in- tervals each with five to eight dis- tinct seta-bearing punctures. Length 14 mm.; width 7 mm. (Fig. 94.) Known from Indiana by a single specimen taken by Wol- cott on the beach of Lake Michi- gan, near Pine, Lake County. July 25. ]Mr. Wolcott had pre- viously taken a specimen near Bloomington, Illinois. This is the species usually known as N. zabroides Lee. Say's description is, however, sufficient for deter- mination and has priority. Fig. 94. Nothopus grossusSay; a, antenna; 6, maxilla and palpi; c, mandible; d, tarsus. (After LeConte.) LXIII. Grata CANTHus Dej. 1825. (G-r., "strong -f spine.") One medium-sized, oblong, convex beetle represents this genus in the United States. It occurs about gardens and' the borders of cultivated fields, and is often thrown out by spading and plowing. It is sometimes attracted by electric light. 322 (1056). Ceata CANTHUS dubips Beauv., Ins. d'Amer., 1805, 108. Oblong, convex. Piceous, glabrous; legs and antennae reddish-brown. Thorax one-half broader than long ; sides broadly curved from apex to be- hind middle, thence strongly sinuate to base, which is narrower than apex ; basal impressions short, smooth or with a few coarse puuc-tures. Elytral strise deep, not punctured ; intervals slightly convex. Length S-10 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. May 14-September 23. LXIV. Agonodbeus Dej. 1825. (Gr., "without angle -i- neck.") Small brownish-yellow oblong beetles, having the mentum not toothed and the front tarsi alike in form in both sexes. Our species diminish in size in the order given in key. They occur beneath rubbish about gardens and cultivated fields. Several of them hi- [12—23402] lib FAIETLT IT. C.^i.-viii.^T.. henualc hiuI ari' on I he wiii^' in i;'r(jal iimiibers during; the Hrst warm days of spring. They are also very common about electrii' lights in spring and early summer. The following papers treat of this genus and two of those which follow : LcContc. — "Notes on the Species of Agonoderus, Brachjcellus and Stenolophiis inhabiting x\nierica North of Slexico," in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei., 1868, 373-382. LeCofife.^-" Synoptic Table," iv Bull. Brook. Bnt. Soc., VI, 1883, 13, 50, 53. Five species of A'joiioderus have been taken in Indiana, while two others perhaps occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF AGONODEEUS. a. Body stouter and more conyex ; thorax transverse, quadrate-oval ; hind angles of thorax strongly rounded; length (;.5-s.5 mm. b. Pale yellow ; two spots on disk of thorax and two stripes on elytra dark ; scutellar stria long ; one dorsal puncture. 323. lineola. ?j6. Dark brownish-yellow or piceous. narrow margin of thorax and broader one of elytra pale; scutellar stria shorter; dorsal punc- tures wanting. infoscatus. (/a. Body more elongate, less convex ; thorax scarcely wider than long, mure or less distinctly narrowed behind ; elytra with one dorsal puncture. c. Larger, 5.5-7 mm. ; pale, elytra with a wide black stripe, divided by the suture ; disk of thorax often with a large dusky spot ; head black. 324. pallipes. vc. Smaller, 2.5-^ mm. d. Head black : scutellar stria distinct. c. Thorax ]iale. without blackish spot; body beneath wholly or in part dusky. /■. Basal impressions well marked, with a lew coarse punctures: elytra with a broad ill-defiued dusky cloud divided by the sutural interval ; thorax dusky beneath. 32.5. partiahii s. //. Basal impvessiuns less marked, with few if any pnnctiu-es: elytra more or less dusky with suture and margin pale; thorax pale beneath. 32(3. pauperculus. ee. Thorax with ,i large blackish spot on disk ; el.vtra blackish with suture and margin brnwnish-yelliiw. ixdistinctus. (hi. Head pale, of the same color as thorax; body beneath yellowish or reddish-brown; scutellar stria short or wanting. 327. TESTACEIS. :i23 (1059). Agoxoderis uxkota Fati.. Ent. Syst.. I. 17'.ir\ tS.'i. Olilonj;, convex. Color as given in key; head with a crescent shaped black spot; elytral dark .stripes sejiarated by the sutural interval. Thorax one-fourth broader than long, basal depressions small, finely punctured, hind angles much rounded. Elytra minutely alutaceous; intervals feebly con- vex. Length 7.5-S.n mm. TTIK GBOUND BEETLES. 177 Lake, Vigo and Kosciusko coiinties; frequent. April 23-June 9. Probably occurs throughout the State. ^-1. infuscafus Dej.. 5-6.5 mm. in length, ranges from New York southward and hns been reported by Dury from Cincinnati. *324 (1061). Agonodeeus pallipes Fab., Ent Syst, I, 1795, 159. Oblong, less convex. Color as given in key, sometimes almost wholly pale; antennue dark red- dish-brown, the basal joints and legs pale. Thorax with hind margin and shallow basal impressions finely punctured, hind angles obtuse. Elytra with deep smooth strife; intervals convex. Length 5-0 mm. (Fig. 95.) Throughout the State; common. January 21-September 18. Occurs in abundance at electric lights. The more northern specimens are larger, 6-7 mm. in length, with head a ''"^■^^' deeper black, elytral dark stripe A\'ider and scutellar striae one-half or more longer. The name comma was given them by Fabricius, and they represent at least a distinct variety. *325 (1062). Agonodeeus paetiarius Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1823, 90; ibid. II, 504. Oblong, subconvex. Antennoe brownish, legs pale. Thorax as wide as long, sides broadly curved ; disk convex, median impressed line deep, a ten- fine punctures near apex and coarser ones in the basal impressions; hind angles rounded. Elytral strlse deep ; intervals convex. Length 3.5-4 mm. Throughout the State; common. February 5-November 11. 326 (1063). Agonodeeus PAUPERctiLtis Dej., Spec. IV, 1828, 453. Oblong, slender. Reddish-brown ; elytra more or less dusky or piceous, the suture and margins pale. Thorax minutely alutaceous, more narrowed behind ; basal impressions more shallow ; disk less convex, without punc- tures near apex. Elytral strise fine, intervals flat. Length 3-3.5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. March 20-November 30. A. indisUnctus De.j., 3^ mm., is recorded from New York and New Jersey, and also by Durs^ from near Cincinnati. I have not seen a specimen from Indiana. 327 (1065). AciONODEBT's testaceus Dej., Spec. IV, 1828, 460. Oblong, subconvex. Uniform reddish-brown above, disk of elytra some- times with a faint dusky cloud ; antennse dusky, basal joints .nnd legs pale yellow. Tlioi-ax us wide as long, sides broadly curved, liiiid angles much i-iiunded ; ))as:il jinijressidus faint with a Tew lal'ge ])uucture.s; disk convex, sparsel.v |inni;tiile near apox, median line deep. Scutellar stria of elyti-a punctiform. Length 2.5-3 mm. 178 FAMILY II. — CAEABID^";. Dubois, Crawford and Jennings counties ; scarce. May 1- May 17. LXV. DiscoDERUs Lee., 1853. (Gr., "disk + neck.") Oblong black oi- piceous beetles, of small or medium size, having the basal joint of hind tarsi elongate and the second, fifth and sev- enth dorsal strice each with a number of small dorsal punctures. The males have but one bristle-bearing puncture on each side of the last ventral segment, while the females have two. The genus is treated by : Horn.— In Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, VI. 1883, 52. One species occurs in Indiana. 32S (1067). DiscODEKUs PAEALLELUs Hald., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I, 1842, 301. Elongate-obloDg. Black, subopaque, finely alutaceous ; antennae pale reddish-brown; under surface and legs piceous. Thorax as broad as long, slightly narrower at apex than base; disk strongly convex, side margin narrowly depressed toward the base and with numerous minute punctures; hind angles rounded. Blytral striaj rather deep, intervals convex. Length 7-7.5 mm. Putnam and Marion counties; rare. September 7-October 1. Subtribe B. (Harpali.) To this group Horn ascribes eight genera, seven of which are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENEKA OF GEOCP B. a. Antennte with only Uvo basal joints glabrous. b. Last joint of labial palpi shorter than the preceding, the latter with a number of setse in front. c. Front tarsi dilated in both sexes, the first joint only in the female; body not pedunculate. LXVI. Gynaxdropus. cc. Front tarsi dilated in the male only. (1. Eb-tra with at most one dorsal puncture; first joint of hind tar- sus not longer than the two following. LXVII. Haepalus, fid. Elytra Ts-ith three rows of dorsal punctures; first joint of hind tarsus equal to the next three ; length 5-10 mm. LXVIII. Selenophosus. bh. Last joint of labial palpi equal to or even a little longer than the preceding, the latter with only two setse. r. Next to last joint of front and middle tarsi of male bilobed ; middle tarsi dilated : length less than s mm. LXIX. Stenolophus. er. Next to last joint simply emarginate; middle tarsi of male not or very feebly dilated. THE GEOUND BEETLES. 179 f. Meiitum not toothed ; elytra frequently Tilth several dorsal punc- tures; length less than 3.5 mm. LXX. Acupalpi's. tf. ileutum toothed ; elytra with a single dorsal puncture ; length 4.5-5.5 mm. LXXI. Bkadycellus. (j«. Anteunse with three basal joints glabrous; mentum toothed; middle tarsi of males with two rows of small scales beneath ; length Ci.-'i- T mm. LXXII. Tachycellus. LX VI. GYXANDROPrs De.i. ] S-.'o. (Gt.. ' ' of doubtful sex + feet. ") i^mall oblong black lieetlcs haTinn; the first .ioint of front tarsi of males almost as long as the ne.xt Xwn. One species occurs in In- diana. 329 (1074). Gya-andbopcs hylacis Smv, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 31 ; ibid. II, 459. Elongate, rather slender, parallel. Black, strongly shining ; antennse and legs pale, the former dusky tow;ird apex. Thorax convex, as long as wide, narrower at base than elytra, widest at middle, sides broadly curved ; basal depressions distinct, coarsely punctured ; hind angles obtuse. Blytral stii.'e moderately deep, the second, fifth and seventh each with a number of fine dorsal punctures. Length 7.5 mm. !>tarke. Clarion, Putnam, Jackson and Dubois counties; scarce. ;\lareh 31-November 28. Occurs beneath bark. LXVII. Harpalus Lat. 1S02. (Gr., "greedy.") Larg(^ or medium-sized beetles, usually oblong in form and rather rlat, having the thorax nearly square ; elytral striae not punc- tured ; first joint of hind tarsi never longer than the next two. The males have the first four joints of the front and middle tarsi di- lated, the dilated joints scaly beneath. They occur beneath logs and rubbish, most commonly about the margin of cultivated fields, and for the most part are considered beneficial, though the largest and one of the most common, 77. caliginosus. is a seed eater and it is claimed feeds largely upon clover and grass seeds. In 19 specimens dissected by Dr. Forbes, only about 12 per cent, of the food was of animal origin, lU'ineipally caterpillars and ants, while seeds and other tissues of grasses made up 14 per cent. The only paper treat- ing of the genus is by fjtCrmte. — "Notes on the Species of Harpalus Inhabiting Amer- ica North of ilexico," in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., 1865, 98-104. The genus is a large one, about 50 s])ecies being ]nio\^'n from the United States. Of these 17 have lieen taken in Indiana, while eight others perhaps occur. For convenience the Indiana species may be divided into two groups ; ISO ^^^rII,Y ii. — rARABiD.T,, KEY TO GKOUPS OF INDIANA HARPALl S. a. Elvtia without a dorsal puncture on the third interval. Gioup .1. aa. Elytra with a small dorsal puncture on the third interval behind the middle and near the second stria. Group R. Group A. To this group as defined above belong our largest and most common species. In the keys which follow the "accessory set;p" refer to long bristles located about midway bet^^'een the ambula- torial set'.v and the side of the abdomen. KEY TO I^'DIAXA SPECIES OF GEOUP A. a. Blyti'a distinctly, sometimes deeply, sinuate at tip ; abdomen without accessory setje. 6. Color above not (or very rarely) black or piceous; thorax distinctly narrower behind the middle; elytra deeply sinuate, outer angle acute in female. (\ Pale reddish-brown above, elyti'a often darker; body elongate; length 14 or more. 330. erbaticis. vc. Jletallic green or coppery (very rarely black) ; length 9.5-10 mm. \"ikidl.e?;evs, 66. Uniform black, piceous or dark reddish-brown above ; elytra much less deeply sinuate, the outer angle not acute in female. (?. Mentum not toothed: legs black; length 21-2.5 mm. .")'^1. CALIGINilSlS. dd. Jlentum toothed; legs and antennse reddish-brown. e. Uniform piceous or dark brownish-red above ; thorax nearly square, its side margins depressed, scarcely wider behind. f. Intervals of elytra more or less convex ; sides of tJiorax feebly rounded; length 12.5 mm. 332. fainus. ff. Intervals flat ; sides of thorax more rounded in front ; length 10.5-12 mm. 333. convivus. ce. Uniform black above. g. All the intervals of elytra of female densely ;nintate; in male those on sides only ; length 13.5-15 mm. :'i34. vagaxs. gg. Dlscal intervals of elytra of female not or sparingly punctate. h. Thorax slightly narrowed in front, not narrowed behind; region of the basal angles strongly depressed, densely punc- tate. 335. PEXNSTLVAXICUS. lili. Thorax slightly narrowed behind, not narrowed in front; region of the basal angles feebly depressed. /. Larger. 13.5-16 mm. /. Thorax one-third or more broader than loui; ; sides of elytra not punetulate. :;:!G. compar. .;',/. Thorax nearly as long as broad; sides of elytra finely punetulate. .S3T. lonmor. ii. Smaller, 10.5-12 mm.; margin ol' thorax narrowly reddisli- bfdwn, translucent. S3S. erythropvs. THE GEOUND BKJi'J'LEB. 181 iKi. Rlytra ver.x slightly or nul at all sinuats al tip; abrtrimen with accessor.v setae on sides, arising from distinct punctures ; mentum tooth entirely wanting ; body oblong-oval ; color uniform pale brownish-yellow. 339. TESTACEUS. 330 (]079). Harpalis ekeaticus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1S23, 27 ; ibid. II, 455. Elongate, parallel. Reddish-brown above ; under surface and legs red- dish-yellow. Thorax slightly broader than long, basal impressions broad, shallow, rather closely and finely punctate; hind angles obtuse, slightly rounded. Elytra very deeply sinuate at tip, outer angle of sinuation acute and toothed in female; striae deep; intervals convex. Length 14.5-18 mm. Throughout the State in sandy localities; frequent. April 10- October 25. Sometimes taken at electric light. H. viridkenns Beauv., has been taken by Wolcott and others along the beach of Lake Michigan at Chicago. It undoubtedly oc- curs in Lake and Porter counties, but no authentic Indiana speci- men is at hand. :J31 (1083). Hakpalus caliginosus Fab., Syst. El., I, 1801, 188. Elongate, robust. Black ; antennae and tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax broader than long, as broad at base as elytra, narrower in front ; basal impressions broad, shallow, densely and finely rugose-punctate; hind angles rectangular. Elytra deeply striate ; intervals moderately convex. Length 21^25 mm. (Fig. 79.) One of the most common of our large beetles. Occurs every- where throughout the State and sometimes attracted by thousands to the electric lights of the larger cities. One of these swarms oc- curred in Indianapolis June 14, 1900. Often seen roaming about in daytime in stubble and cornfields, and in early autumn feeding upon the seeds of ragweed. The female of a pair in copulation was noted so feeding September 16. She removed, bit into and de- voured a seed kernel every 40 seconds, this being the avei-age time during fifteen niinntes' observation. April 6-November 21. 332 (1084). Haepah 8 faunus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II, 1823, 28; ibid. II, 457. Oblong, parallel. Uniform dark reddish-brown ; antennte and legs pale. Thorax as broad as long, sides feebly rounded; basal impressions broad, shallow, distinctly punctured, the punctures extending across the base. Elytral stria moderately deep, intervals alutaceous, the fifth and seventh, and sometimes the apical portion of the third with a row of dorsal punc- tures in the female. Length 11-12 ram. Throughout the State; frequent. April 26-September 20. 333 (1085). Haepai.tjs oonvivits Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1865, 102. Slightly smaller and more narrow than fnini'u.i, which it resembles ^S-2 FAMILY II. CARABin.E. closelT iu color and stiuenire. Thorax more rounded on the sides in front, distinctly transverse, very slightly narrowed behind and with deeper basal impressions. I/ength 10.5-11.5 mm. Marion. Vigo and Crawford coii'Jties; rare. ^lay 20-XoTem- ber 8. 334 (10SIJ1. Harpalus vagaxs Ia-i-.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei.. lsn.5. 102. Elongate-olilong. Blackish-iiiceuus : antennje. palpi and le^s retldish- brown; under surface reddish-yellow. Thorax slightly broader than long, feebly narrowed behind the middle, hind angles obtuse : basal impressions shallow, rather bmad. ill defined, densely and finely jamctate. Elytral striae shallow ; intervals strongly alutaceous. flat, densely and finely punctate in the female; subconvex. the fifth to eighth sparstly punctate in the male. IjCngth 13.5-14.5 mm. Southern two-thirds of the State ; searee. April 6-(3ctober 17. The females of this species are easily recognized. The males can be told from those of pennsiilvanicus by the thorax being narrowed behind, and from those of compar. which they closely resemble, by the punctures of fifth to eighth intervals. *335 (lOST). Hakpalus pe>-nsyi.vaxicus Dej.. Spec. IV, 1S2.S, lOS. Oblong-robust, subparallel. Black, moder- ately shining; antennje and legs reddish-yel- low; under surface dark reddish-brown to piceous. Thorax broader than long, sides gradually curved, base as wide as elytra, hind angles obtuse; margin in front of the angles depressed and, together with the large basal impressions, densely and finely punc- tate. ElytTal striae moderately deep ; inter- vals convex, alutaceous. the fifth to eighth with numerous small punctures in female, very sparsely punctate in male. Length 13-15.5 mm. (Fig. 96.) Common throuahout the Stat^. February 6-October 10. Often seen at electric lights. Feeds on ragweed and other seeds and also on caterpillars, etc. 336 (1087a I. IIakpah s compae Lee. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist.. IV. Is4s. :',iiri. Resembles peiinsyhaiiiciis but distinguished by characters given iu key. Thorax quadrate, broader in proportion to its length (.5.5x4 mm.), much less depressed in region of hind angles; elytral intervals alutaceous. 5 to s not punctate In either sex. Length 14-16.5 mm. Throughout the State: frequent. April 9-0i tober 17. This and the next two are listed by ITenshaw and others as varieties of penmijh'ai:icuf;. but in my opinion are valid s]ieeies : the separating (After Riley.) THE GBOUNI) BEETLliP. 183 I'haracters. when once recognized, being more evident than in many of the species of Bemhidium, Chlrcnius and other genera of the family. 337 (1087b). Hakpalus I.o^-GlOK Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., IV, 1S38, 43. Elongate, narrower than the two preceding. Thorax about as long as broad (4.5x4 mm.), gradually narrower behind the middle, distinctly nar- rower at base than in compar : hind angles obtuse; basal impressions wide, shallow, densely punctate. Elytra alutaceous, intei-vals of male subconvex, the fifth to eighth finely and sparsely punctate. Length 13.5-15 mm. Jlarion, Vigo and Floyd counties; scarce. June 2-Septem- ber 11. 338 (1087c). Harpalus erythropus Dej., Spec. IV, 1828, 258. Oblong. Thorax nearly square, slightly narrowed behind, sides feebly curved, hind angles but little rounded ; basal impressions broad, shallow, finely and densely punctate. Elytral intervals alutaceous, not punctate. Length 10.5-12 mm. Southern luilf of State, (■cmmon; less so northward. April 27- October 5. A pair were ta.kon mating on September 29. 339 (1119). Harpalus testaceus Lc^., Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, X, 1853, .385. Oblong-oAal. Coloi' given in ke,\'. Thorax (me-half broader than long, sides feebly curved to behind the middle, thence sinuate to base; margin rather broad, depressed, with a ruw of punctures; hind angles rectangular, basal impressions small, sparingly punctate. Elytral strife deep ; intervals convex. Length 10-10.5 mm. Starke and Posey counties ; scarce. August 23-September 19. Occurs in sandy localities. The hind angles are more prominent than in any other species of Harpahia. Group B. The species of this group avei'M<;e much smaller than those of Group A. KEr TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GROUP B. a. Elytra obliquely but distinctly sinuate at tip ; abdomen without ac- cessory setie. 6. Bicolored above; head and thorax reddish-brown, elytra black or piceous. c. Thora.x; scarcely narrowed behind; basal depressions shallow, finely punctured. 340. dichrols. cc. Thorax distinctly narrowed behind ; basal impressions deeper, more coarsely punctured. 341. vuueculus. 66. Uniform black or piceous above. cl. Legs reddish-brown; extreme margin of thorax iiale. ]S4 r.VAIILY TI. CAHABID.K. ('. Thorax distinctly narrowed behind, sides not depressed, base not punctured ; elytra not alutaceous. /. Length 9.5-10 mm. sp.a.diceis. //. Length 7.5-8 mm. 342. autumnalis. ee. Thorax not narrowed behind. g. Body oblong-oval ; thorax not distinctly narrowed in front. h. Hind angles of thorax obtuse or but very slightly rounded. /. Base of thorax finely punctured ; length S.5-10.5 mm. FALLAX. H. Base coarsely punctured ; epipleura reddish-brown ; length 7.5-10 mm. pleukiticus. hh. Hind angles distinctly rounded; thorax one-half wider than long ; length 8-10 mm. 343. hebbivagis. fig. Body nearly elliptical ; thorax narrowed in front. ./. Elytra alutaceous; sides of thorax feebly depressed; lemrth 8.5 mm. opacipknnis. ;;. Klytra not alutaceous; sides of thorax not depressed; length 6-7.5 mm. 344. xitiddlus. ength 5.5-7 mm. Southern half of State ; scarce. April 11-July 2. E. innocims Lee., and H. rufimanus Lee. are both boreal species, described from Lake Superior and since taken in New York and Pennsylvania, which may occur in northern Indiana. *345 (1107). Harpalus laticeps Lee, Agass. Lake Sup., 1850, 208. Oblong-oval, robust. Black, shining; antennse and tarsi reddish-brown, tibise pieeous. Thorax one-third broader than long, as broad at base as ely- ISO FAMILY II. — CAB.\r.iJJ,K. tra, hind angles rectangular ; basal impressions distinct, rather broad, finely and sparsely "punctured. Elytral striae very fine ; intervals flat, minutely alutaceous. Length 12-15 mm. Franklin, Monroe and Vigo counties ; scarce. May 8-December 18.* Readily known by the black legs and broad head. Occurs in sandy upland woods. 346 (1108). Habpalus vidutjs Lee., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1865, 103. Oblong-oval. Black or piceous, shining; anteunte and tarsi dark red- dish-brown. Resembles laticeps, but the head is not quite so broad, the hind angles of thorax are more rounded and the basal impressions more narrow and deeper. Length 13 mm. Known from Indiana by two specimens taken in Vigo and Parke counties. May 13-May 24. Described from Rock Island, Illinois. H. gravis Lee, 9 mm. in length, was described from Texas and has been recorded by Dury from Cincinnati. LXVIII. Selenophobus Dej. 1826. (Gr., "moon or light -t- bear- ing.") Small oblong or oval, black or piceous beetles, closely resembling the smaller forms of Harpahis but differing by having three rows of dorsal punctures, situated on the second, fifth and seventh elytral striffi. The males have the front and middle tarsi moderately di- lated, with two rows of scale-like papilliE on the first four joints. They occur, for the most part, in sandy or dry localities. Four species have been taken in Indiana, while one other perhaps occurs. The literature treating of the genus is as follows : Horn. — "Critical Notes on the Species of Selenophorus of the United States," in Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, XIX, 1880, 178. Horw.— "Synoptic Table," in Bull. Brook. Ent. Soc, V, 1882, 8. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF SBLENOPHOKUS. (/. Presternum obtuse at tip, n23. 91 ; ibid. II. 505. 547. Oblong, slender. Reddisb-brown. shining; the head and disk of elytra nsually piceous : an- tennae dusky, the two basal joints and legs pale. Thorax wider than long, narrowed behind the middle; basal impressions broad, s^halluw. conise- ly punctured; hind angles distinct but obtuse.' Elytral strife deep: Intervals convex. Length 4.5-.5 mm. fFig. 99.) Throughout the State : common. Janu- ary 6-Oetrjlier .5. Ciii the wing with the species of Agonodrms in early spring. LXXII. Tachtcellus Moraw. 1^62. (Gr.. " s^vift - footed. " > Small oblong brownish or pieeous beetles, differing from allied genera in ha^^ng three .joints of the antennffi smooth. The .joints may not be entirely hairless, but lack the tine pubescence coveriag those which follow. Bi.th the front and middle tai-si of the male.s lia-^e two rows of small scales (sciuamules i beneath; body through- out glabrous : elytra normally striate and with a single dorsal punc- ture. Three species have been taken in Indiana, while a fourth perhaps occurs. They were included ^-ith Bradycdlus by LeConte in his paper cited under Agonodernf. The following is the latest paper on the genus : Fall 77. f'.—'-f)n the Affinities of the Genus Taehycellus. " " in -Journ. X. Y. Ent. Soc. XIII. 190.5. 160-17^. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF TACHYCELLUS. ". Antenna? with two glabrous joints, the tliird pubescent on apical half: upper surface wholly black. 361. xigeixus. (III. Antennae with thref b:itinct. -irougly angidalc. Ilie lias.il iinprcJsions linear. di'f|i. sniootli or Marr. Ilcirn states (loc. cU. under genus i that he could find no difference e.xeeiil tliat in iii(/rilii lliere are two cl.N-iieal I)unctuT-es on each side, while in iiitcriiinirtittiift there is but one. Length I-.-" inm. L;i,k'e and Kosciusko counties; rare, ifay 1— ]aly .">. :;7l' Cligi). A.visodactylt s MET.AXOPUS Hald.. Proc. Phil. Acnd. Xal. Set, I, .302. Very similar to A. (if/rwola; differs mainly in having two ljristle-l)ear- ing punctures instead of one on eaeli side of clypeus. This may lie a con- stant difference, but I doubt its siiccific rank. Hnwever, it is mneli used by Horn in his paper, on which my key is mainly based. Lengtii 1.3-14 mm. Kcsciuskd. Putnam and Knox coniitii's; rare. .Alai'ch :i.")-.\u- -ii.st IS. .■!7.3 (]1!)4). AN7S0IIAC1 YHs dlscoidbus I>ej,. Spee. X. ]f<29, 8.31. Blongate-olilong. Piceous, shining; antenuic. lej^s ;ni(l sides of (Imrax and elytra brownish-yellow. Thorax very little wider flian long, narrowed at base; sides c-urved in front, feebly sinuate beliind. vei-y narrowly de- pressed; hind angles strongly rectangular, basal ini]iressions short and deeji, finel.y and Sjiarsely imnetnte. Klytra wider than thorax, rather deepl,y stri- ate; intei-vals smooth, slightly convex. Length 10.."i-n.."i nmi. Throii«hnut the State; fre(|iieii1 in sandy Idealities, April 11- July 24. '■;i74 (n!t5j. ANisoijAf TYi.i:s iiAL'rT.\roRi:j\sis Say. Trans. .Vuier. Phil. Sec.. II. 1.S2.3. .3.3; ibid. 11. tCl. Oblong, rather slender. PIcei.us, shining; antenna', legs and elytra liale, the latter often with darkei- diseal cloud. Thorax distinctly wider tlian long, basal impressions mine shalli)\s- and sides more dee]dy sinuate l)ehind; otherwise resembles iliKcoidtii.s. than which it is smaller, moi'e de- liressed and less'shining. Length '.) 10 mm. Throutzhout the State; coiiiinon. Jjiiiuary 21-.\u,ljiis1 2(i. GKOI I' t '. ■ (ilAPLOCENTRL'S.) This <4i-(mp is r'ompused of species vai-\-ing much in siz(.!, siiapo and color, and Mereeine' only in ])ossessinK the cliaracters of the "■enus a,nd in havin' the fi-ont tiliial spni' slender, and the elytra striate and sinuate at tip. K:-;\ TO INDIA N.S SIMOCHOS OF GROUP C. ((. lOlyli'a «illi a dislincl dorsal inmelnl-e, surface' nul jiubesn.ul ; lii-sl .join! . vehthalis. ]9S FA5[ILY II. CAEABID^. 66. Intervals flat or nearly so. not punctate ; head without red spot. G. Species more or less nval. Amara-like, with usually a metallic or bronzed lustre. d. Thorax widest at middle, the apes almost as wide as base; basal impressions not punctate; legs wholly pale. e. JIargin of thorax more or less flattened in the regiou of the hind angles; larger, 7.5 or more mm. f. Uniform piceous above; basal impressions rather narrow and shallow. 376. sati. //. Head and thorax piceous ; elytra greenish-metallic ; basal Impressions distinct, very wide. .".77. tebmixatus. ce. Margin of thorax not flattened; basal impressions indistinct; smaller, not over 7 mm. 37S. nitidipexxis. dd. Thorax widest at base, thence distinctly narrowed to apex; basal impressions distinct, finely and sparsely punctate; femora piceous ; length S mm. 379. ccExrs. cc. Species oblong, blaeli without lustre; hind tarsi long and slender; length 11-12 mm. 3S0. LtTorBRis. aa. Elytra without dorsal puncture; surface finely pubescent, densely punc- tulate; first joint of middle tarsus of male pubescent over half its surface. g. Wholly black above; tibiae and tarsi brown. 381. sekiceis. gg. Head, thorax. antenn:i? and legs reddish-yellow ; elytra piceous. .5S2. IXTEESTITIAI,TS. 375 (1198). AxisoDACTYLUs vERTicALis Lec. .A.nn. Lye. Xat. Hist.. l\. ISIS. 37S. Elongate-oblong. Black, shining; base of mandibles and a quadrate spot on vertex red; antennae and legs dull yellow. Thorax more than one- half wider than long, narrowed behind; sides broadly rounded, margins distinctly reflexed, hind angles obtuse; basal impressions broad, densely and rather coarsely punctate. Elytra deeply striate; intervals convex, finely and densely punctate. Length 12.5-1-1 mm. Throughout the State ; seane. April 19-August 20. Occurs m sandy locations near water. 376 (1201). AxiSODACTYLtS SAVI sp. nov. Eurytrlclnts piccns Lec. Ann. Lye. Xat. Hist. IV, ISIS, 3SS, Elongate-oval. Uniform piceous. shining; nari'ow margin of thorax and region of hind angles, reddish, translucent ; antennre and legs brownish- yellow. Thorax a little broader than long, sides feebly curved; margin depressed behind the middle, hind angles rectangular, basal impressious shallow, ill-defined, smooth. Elytral striae fine; intervals finely alutaceous, flat. Length 10-10.5 mm. Lake, I\Iarshall. Yigo and Fulton counties; frequent. May S- September 28. This species resembles our common forms of CaJa- thus and is doubtless often confused with them. As the genus Eurytrichv^ m\Aev which LeConte described this form has been THE fUtOUND BEKTLES. 199 rnerf^cfl with Anisodactylus, the name piceus is preoccupied by a West Coast species, the i\n. 1176 of the Henshaw Catalogue. I therefon^ propose the name sayi in honor of Thomas Say of New Harmony, Indiana, who was preeminently the father of American Entomology. *877 n202;.- Amlsodactyll's tekminatus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, lS2.':i, 48 ; ibid. II, 473. Oblung-oval. Head and thorax dark brown or piceous, the edge of the latter red<]ish-translucent; elytra with greenish-metallic lustre; antennae anil legs pale yellow. Thonix one-third broader than long, sides regularly ciirvcil from base to apex, liiiid angles rectangular. Elytra as in the pre- ceding. Length 7.5-8.5 mm. Throu^ljout the State; fretiuent. April 15-December 25. In S('[)teniber, ]90:i, this species was noted as very common on the heads of the fircweed {Knclilites hicracifolin L.) in a deadening iK^ar Wyandotte ('ave, ('r;iwford C'outity, where it was feeding on the seeds. 'Ala (1204). An:sodactylus nitidipennis Lee, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., IV, 1848, 388. Oblong-oval, rather narrow. Color of terminatus. Thorax scarcely broader than louf;, sides very feebly curved, hind angles subrectangular ; disk minutely and very sparsely punctured near base. Elytra alutaceous ; iutci'vals almost flat, sometimes very finely and sparsely punctulate. Length ♦i.5-7 mm. 'J'hi-oughout the wcstocn half of Slate; frequent in the .southern counties, rare northward. April 9-December 25. Occurs beneath cover' in sandy localities. •.',!'.) (VKWi). Anisodactylus ccenus Say, Trans. Amer. I'hil. Soc, II, 1823. ■M ; ibid. II, 401. Oblong-oval. Pii'cous, moderately shining; elytra bronzed; tibia;, tarsi and base of antenntc jj.-iler. Thoriix as broad at base as elytra, sides feebly cui-vod, margins narrowly ileprcsscd from middle to base, hind angles rect- angular. Elytral intci-vals flat, smooth, inure shining in the male. Length 8 mm. Vigo and I'oscy counties; i-arc. April 16-May 11. Easily known by its dark fenioivi and punctured base of thorax. *:'.so (1208). AmsoDAOTVLrs li-gubkis Dej.. Spec. IV, 1829, US. (Jblong, ratlicr broad, subdepressed. Black, feebly shining; antenme and legs piceous, tlie basal joint of former and tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax Iwo-thirds broader than long; sides gradually curved from apex into base, the margins l)ehind the middle tlaltened: basal impressions broad, shallow, very finely and densely punctate. Rlytnil strise very fine; intervals flat, .■ilutaceous. I>enf,'th 11-12 mm. 200 FAIIILT Iir. HALITLID.P,. Tlii-ouglionl. the State; frequent. April IH-I )i'r('iiilier 1S. ::.sl (1209). AsisoDACTYLVS SBKicEi s HaiT., X. Eug. Far.. 1828, 177. Oblong. Black, opaque ; antenutie reddish-browu ; femora plceous, tibite and tarsi pale. Thorax broader than long, apex and base equal ; sides regu- larly curved, hind angles rounded, basal impressions cibsolete; surf aw sparsely iiuuctate. more densely at base and near the sides. Elytral inter- vals flat, densely puuttulate. each puncture bearing a short, fine laair. Length 10 mm. Lake, Marion, Vigo and Posey counties; frequent. February ::l-Xovember 17. Noted on stems and burrowing beneath the roots of grasses and sedges about ponds. Also taken at electric light. "oSl' I 1210). AxisoD.iCTYLUS INTEBSTITIAUS Say. Trans Amer. Phil. Soc. II, ls23, 57; ibid. II, 4S0. Form and sti-ucture of sericetts. Color as given in key. Thoracic margin broader, more depressed; me- dian line and basal impressions evident, the latter broad and shallow. Elytral intervals subconvex, densely and rather coarsely punctate. Length !i..5-10 mm. (Fig. 101.) Fig. 101.- x2i (0^iginal.^ Throughout the State: common, especially in sandy regions. March 17-December IS. A half dozen just emerged as imagoes were noted on November 2S. Family III. HALIPLID.E. The Crawling Water Beetles. In the North American fauna this family is represent^?d by less than 3(1 known species of small, very convex aquatic beetles. In color they are light brownish-yellow, more or less spotted with lilack. while in form tliey are oval and tapering at each end. The elytra bear rows of punctures and the scutellum is invisible. They comprise a family intermediate between the Carabidse and DytiscidfB. having the antenna? glal>rous, filiform. 10-jointed and inserted on the front before the eyes : thorax with distinct side ]iieees; hind eoxa^ contiguous at middle and prolonged as broad plates which conceal the basal half of hind femora and from three to six of the ventral segments. The slender but clubbed hind fe- mora mo-\-e between these plates and the abdomen, and are not adapted to vigorous swimming. .\lthough aquatic in habit, these little beetles swim but feebly. Whei-e found they usually occur in numlx^rs. They live in shallow water aliont the margins of ponds, lakes and pools of streams, where THE CHAWIJNd WATEU BEE'J'LES. 201 they may often be noted crawling slowly over the partially decayed aquatic plants, especially alga;. On account of their feeble swim- ming powers they may be easily captured by raking the mass of vegetable matter onto the bank, when the beetles, on crawling out to regain the water, may be secured. The name of the family is derived from the Greek and means "sailing the sea," or "covered with water." The larvEe of the Haliplids live in the same places as the adults. They are composed of slender segments, each, except the head, being furnished on the back -with fleshy lobes, bearing spiny tips, while the last segment is extended into a long tapering appendage. The principal paper, including descriptions of the North Ameri- can species of this family, is by Crotch. — "Revision of the Dytiscidae of the United States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc.. TV. 1873, 3S3-.385. The North American species nre divided amon" three genera, two of whieh are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENEKA OP HALIPLID^, (/. Terminal joint of palpi small, awl-shaped; intervals of elytra punctate; thorax without black spots at base. I. HALiPLtiS. ('('. Terminal joint of palpi conical, longer than the third; intervals of ely- tra without punctures ; thorax with two small round impressed black spots at base. II. CNEMinoTis. I. Haliplus Latr. 1806. (Gr., "the sea -f sail.") Of the ten species of this genus known from the United States, six have been triken in Indiana, while another may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF HALIPLUS. (/. Thorax without a liusal impression. &. Prosternuni marj^'ined at sides; elytral punctures deeper at liiise tlian apex. <;. A distinct black spot on middle of front margin of thorax. 383. TEioPsis. r-c. Thorax without black spot, sometimes slightly darker at apex. d. Elytra not sinuate near apex. c. Spots of elytra distinct ; size larger, 3.5-i mm. FAScrAxus. ce. Spots more or less confluent; size smaller, 2.."> mm. 384. LEwisir. (/'/. Elyti-a distinctly sinuate near apex; spots often slightly con- nected but not confluent. :!S5. boreaeis. /;/(. Prosternuiu flat, not mar.i^'ined n( sides; elytral jiunctui-es not deeper at liase than ajiex; elytra dull brownish-yellow with eliingate lilack spots. 38C. CEIBABIUS. 202 FAMILY III. ^HALIPLID.E. aa. Thorax witli a small impressed fold on each side near base.. f. Pale bchreous yellow; thoracic fold shorter; elytral spots several, more or less distinct. 3ST. buficolus. //. Pale reddish-brown ; thoracic impression longer ; elytral spots very ill-defined. 3SS. LONoutrs. 383 (1221). Haiiplus tbiopsis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 1823, 106; ibid. II, 518. Ovate. Light brownish-yellow; suture, base, tip and seven slightly con- nected spots on each elytron deep black, the middle spots confluent Head and thorax distinctly punctate; punctures of elytral striae finer toward apex. Length 3.5 mm. Lake. Laporte and IMarshall counties; frequent. ]May 25- Au- gust 15. This is the species usually listed as H. puiidatus Aube, but that name, according to Blanehard, belongs to a more densely punctate form from the Southern States. M. fasciatus Aube, with head finely punctate and thorax wholly reddish-brown, is kno^vn from the "middle and Western States." 384 (1224). Haupltjs LEWisn Crotch, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, IV, 1S73, 884. Smaller and more slender than triopsis. Head and thorax reddish-yel- low without spots ; elytra with base and suture black, and a broad black spot on each side, confluent at middle. Punctures of elytral striae weak; intervals very sparsely punctate. Length 2.5 mm. One from woodland pond near Broad Ripple, Marion County: June 12. 385 (1222). Haiiplus bobealis Lee., Agass. Lake Sup.. 1S50, 212. Ovate. Dull reddish-yellow ; thorax slightly dusky at apex ; el^-tra each with ill-defined basal line and five spots black, the one near humerus and two on apical third rounded, the two on median third placed obliquely, each double, composed of two partially connected oblong ones. Eyes very con- vex. Head rather closely punctate. Length 3 mm. Laporte County; scarce. May 26- August 20. A species of northern range. Resembles ruficoUis but without the basal impres- sions. 386 (1225). Haliplits cBiBABirs Lee, Agass. Lake Sup., 1S50. 212. Ovate. Dull brownish-yellow ; head and thorax paler and, in the speci- men at hand, without black markings; elyti-h each with five or six elongate, more or less connected dark spots forming two oblique cross-bands. Head finely punctate. Thorax deeply and coarsely punctate near the hind mar- gin, more finely in front, the disk nearly smooth. Elytra with rows of deep punctures; intervals each with a single row of widely separated punctures. Length 4.2 mm. A single specimen in the Wolcott collection taJien near Pine, Lake County. June 9. A member of the Alleghanian fauna. THE CEAWLING M'ATEE BEETLES. 203 o86a ( ). Halipli's ceibakius sdbguttatus Lee, MS. A (lark variety uf the preceding having the vertex black ; the elytral spots disconnected and more distinct. Length 4 mm. Pine, Lake County; ^lay 12. This and crlTjarins were described from Lake Superior. 387 (1226). Haliplus euficoixis DeG., Jlem. IV, 1774, 404. Ovate. Head and thorax pale dull yellow with- out spots; elytral spots larger than in horealis, all v j i y rounded, the two on median third often more or i! ''•^^ 5 less confluent. Apex of elytra not sinuate. Length J^^^E Piue and Hudson lakes, Laporte County; / ^:^^^B, \ ponds neai' Richmond; frequent. ]\Iay 25- ' ':w- ^^^m \. August 20. Probably occurs throitghout the | ^K^W )( northern half of the State. / ^'i^ \ Siss (1227). Haliplus longulus Lee. (Crotch), rrT_ I in i ci TTT 1 o-o ^'S- 102. (Original.) Trans. Amer. Ent. SOC, IV, 18 (3, Line shows natural length. 385. Close to rnflcollis but more slender. Elytra with basal spot wanting; the central spot dilated, triangular, the others indistinct. Length 8 mm. Pine, Lake County; ]Marion County, from pond near Broad Ripple ; scarce. April 3-May 28. II. Cnemidotus 111. 1.H02 (Gr., "wearing leg armor. ") Our members of this genus are a little larger and more robust than those of Haliplus. All have the thorax marked at base by two round black clots, and the elytral rows of punctures more or less irregular on basal third. Four nominal species have been taken in the State. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CNEMIDOTUS. a. Hind femora with a broad pale ring near apex ; elytra distinctly obli(iue- ly sinuate near tips. 6. Head entirely pale. 389. 12-PUNcTATrs. J)}). Head with vertex black. 390. edentulus. an. Hind femora wholly dark brown fjr blackish. c. Elytra without a suliliumeral sjxjI ; median subsutural spot c(mfluent with the sutural line to form a disral blotch. 391. Muncus. cr. Elytra usually with a sijiall subhumeral spot; median subsutural spot free or barely touching the sutural line, 392. peduncitlatijs. _'04 FAMILY' [\. -DYTISCIIl.l 389 (1231). Fig. 103. X 4. (After Wickham.) Cnemidoti s 12-pi :-4 mm. Throughout the State; common. IMarch 14-()ctober "23. This as well as the other species probably i^asses the winter as imago. 302 ( ). C>'EMiDOTUs PEDrKcrL.\Trs Roberts JIS. \"ery close to the preceding. Differs mainly in the arrangement of the elytral spots as mentioned in key. The sutural black line is wider,' cwcupy- ing the sutural interval on the basal half, and is not confluent with the median spot. The elytra are feebly sinuate rather than subtruncate at apex. Length 3 -3..j mm. Laporte, Mai'shall. Fountain. iEaviou and Lawrence counties; scarce, ^lav ll-Octolier 2.1. Family IV. DYTISCID^,. The PRED.\f'ROT-s Divixc Reeti.es. In the quiet, deep pools of streams, and in ponds or stagnant water may offon W s;m"ii dval. flattened liectlcs haiiiiing boad down- ward, with the lip of the abdoiiKMi at or sliolitly abo\(.' the surface of the water. These beetles beloiio lo the family Dyliscidai'. the ri-U5 ritJiDAUituuto jJi\ij>itr isEETLES. 205 word being flpriverl From the Clr^ek Dijliacits, moaning a dww. All the species are more or less aquatic in liabit and, as a rule, are strong swimmers. Many of them hibernate as imagoes, burrowing m the banks and mud at the bottom or sides of the pools in which they dwell. Dr. Harris kept one for "three years and a half in perfect health, in a glass vessel filled with water, and supported by morsels of raw meat. It was capable of fasting a month ; was very sensible to the changes of the weather, which it indicated by the height at which it remained in the vessel." They are often seen beneath the ice in late autumn or early spring. In the mature stage, during the mating season, some of the larger species fly about at night and are often attracted in numbers by electric and other lights. From the Haliplidse they may be readily known by having the body less stout and convex and more obtuse at the ends; antennas glabrous, 11- jointed, usually filiform, and inserted under the front behind the base of the mandibles; middle and hind pairs of legs widely separated, due to the very large hind coxse, which reach the sides of the body but do not cover the ventral segments. The hind legs are the longest, and are strongly adapted for swimming, being flattened and fringed with long hairs. The spiracles open beneath the elytra on the upper surface of the abdomen. By lift- ing the elytra slightly an air chamber is formed, from which the beetle draws its supply while swimming. When the air in this chamber becomes too impure, the insect rises to the surface, forces it out and renews the supply. In color the beetles are usually brownish-black, often with a dull glaucous or sea-green tint, very smooth and shining. Some of them have the thorax and margins of elytra marked with dull yellow. The sexes of several of the genera possess modifications which are of especial intf^rest and \'i'hich furnish excellent characters for the separation of groups. In the males of these genera the three basal segments of the fore (and sometimes the middle) tarsi are dilated and form a circular disk on the under side of which arc numerous small, cup-like suckers. These serve as clasping organs. (Fig. 104.) The females of cer- tain species also present an interesting dimorphism, in that some of them have the elytra deeply fur- rowed, v.hile others of the same species have them smooth. The DytiseidiB are among the most voracious of (After'comstnck.) all beetles. They prey not only upon the larvse of 20() rA:\rrLY i-^-. — nv^i. ...i„.i.. (ither iiisectti. but often npon small fishes, and are sometimes very troublesome in artificial fish ponds, where they attack the young and eat ofi' their fins. They also feed upon dead animal matter of anj- kind which fin-ls its way into the water where they live. The larvae of the Dytiseidae are also aquatic and carnivo- rous, and are Imown Fig. 10.i. Larva of Dytiscid. uifter Corastock.) ^^ . , Water tigers ' " (Fig. 105. 1 In form they are elongate, cylindrical or fusiform, with a large oval or rounded and flattened head. The jaws or man- dibles are sickle-shaped and hollow, so that the.y can easily hold and suck the blood or juice from any prey which they may capture. These grubs remain in the water until full grown, when they seek out some convenient place beneath a board, stone or tuft of vegeta- tion where, by the S(|mrming motions of the body, a cell is formed in which they undergo the pupal stage. The length of time neces- sary for this transformation varies greatly ^^'ith the species and the season. Nearly 300 species of Dytiseida? are known from the United States. Of tliese 70. representing 24 genera, have been taken in In- diana. The family does not offer that diversity of color, form and sculpture presented liy the Carabid;e and other families of terres- trial beetles, hence the number of cliaractei-s used for the separation of genera and species is limited and the work, therefore, made more difficult for the beginner. The classification is mainly that of Drs. LeConte. Sharp and Horn and ^Ir. Crotch, in the follo\^ing works: LrConte. — "Anah-tical Table of the Species of Hydroporus found in the United States, with Descriptions of New Spe- cies." in Proe. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phil., VII, 1S55. 290-299. LrC'diitc. — ■■S>iioiisis of the S]ieeies of Cohnnbetes Inhabiting America North of ^lexico." in Proc. .\cad. Nat. Sei. Phil., 1S62. 521-523. Crotch. — "Revision of the Dytiseida; of the United States." in Trans. Amer. Ent. See. IV 1S73. 3S3-42-4. Sharp. — On Aquatic. Carnivorous Coleoptera or D>i:iseid£e, in Trans. Royal Dublin So.\. II. Ser. 2. 1SS2. 179-1003. n<>rn. — iliseellaneous Notes and Short Studies of North Amer- ican Coleoptera. in Trans. .Vmev. Knt. Sdc., X. 18S3, 276-284. For convenience the family is fii'st divideus. with an irregular oblique .vellowish cross-bar near the middle. Elytra more sparingly punctate than in iicolor, the dorsal rows of punctures more distinct. Length 2.5 mm. Beneath rubbish on beach of Lake ^Michigan, near Pine. Lake County: scarce. August 1. II. HYDEOC.VNTHrs Say. 1.823. Mir., "water -■- beetle. "") In addition to the characters given in the ke.v. this genus may be known by having the last .ioint of the labial palpus very large, tri- angular and compressed; the front tibife with a strong spur; the hind femora short and stout, their apical margins strongly ciliated; tibia' short, smooth, claws equal. But one snerde^ is Iniown from the United States. 305 fl240). Hydhoc.vnthus iricolor Sny, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc\. II. 1823. lOo; ibid. II, 517. Ovate, convex, attenuate behind. Head, thorax and under parts red- dish-yellow; elytra dark I'oddish-brown, polished, iridescent. Three in-ei-oi- lar dorsal rows of fine punctures visible. Length 4-5 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. ^Fareh 16-August 15. Prob- ably hibernates, as one was taken from mud at the liottom of a pond on the earlier date. I'HE I'EEDACKOrs DIVTNG BEli'llJiS. 20!) Tribe II. LACCOPHILINI. This tribe is represented in the United States by the singk ijeiius. III. L.VGCdPHiLUS Leai'h. 1817. (Ur., "a pool + loving.") Small and very active beetles, ovate and depressed in form, and usually spotted in color ; thorax without side margins ; scutellum almost concealed: prosternal .spine narrow, acuminate and much compressed; hind coxse expanded into broad processes which are arched in front and almost completely conceal the coxal cavities; hind legs highly developed. The males have the four front tarsi dilated and clothed with spongy hairs lieneath. The plates of the hind eoxfE have a ridge of fine lines, beginning near the middle at the insertion of the femora and extending outward and backward. These ridges, ^\'ith their file-like arrangement, when rubbed by the hind femora, form a musical or stridulating organ. Four species have been taken in Indiana. KEY TO INDI.\.NA SPECIES OF LACfOPHILT S. a. Elytra without distinct yellow cross-bars; male with a fuxal file. 6. Elytra blackish, with one or moi'e greenish-yellow spots. e. Larger, G mm. ; elytra with the margin, four submarginal spots and three basal lines greenish-yellow. .39(1. ii,\cuLosrs. cc. Smaller, 4.5 mm. ; elytra dark reddish-brown, with the subhumeral mark of inacuJosus present, the others confused. P,'n. PROXIMUS. , 1)1]. Elytra dull yellow, with a distmct blackish bar behind the middle. .398. FASOIATUS. aa. Elytra black with two cross-bars and a\iex yellowish; size less than 5 mm. ; males without a coxal file. :;fi9. undatus. HUV, (■]242). LArcopiiins MACULOStiS Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 182.3. 100; ibid. II, 514. Ovate. Head, thoiax and under parts reddish-yellow. Elytra as men- tioned in key, the submarginal J■ello^vish spots being In position, subhumeral, median, postmedian and subapical, the second and fourth usually the larger. The yellow basal markings vary much in size and distinctness. Thorax very short, four times wider than loiij.'. its surface, as well as that of elytra, very finely reticulate. Elytra obliquely truncate at apex, with one or two li-regular wjws of minute punctures. Length G mm. 'I'luMiiuliiiiil Ibe Slatc' ; commoii. .Mai-cli 1(i--()clober 2:i. Proli- ably hibernates. 210 FAltlLT IV. DYTTSCIPiE. 397 (1244). Laccophills pboximvs Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1823, 101 ; ibid. II, 514. Ovate. Elytra nearly uniform dark reddish-brown, with only traces of the greenish-yellow spots of maculosus. Beneath darker than in that species. Length 4.5 mm. Laporte. ilarshall, ilarion and Lawrence counties; frequent. April 11-Au^ist 20. 398 (1248). LACCOPHiLrs fasciatus Aubg, Spec. VI. 1.S3S. 423. Ovate, subdepressed. Head, thorax and under parts dull brownish- yellow ; elytra greenish-yellow with a broad blackish bar behind the mid- dle. Thorax and elytra finely alutaceous, the latter rounded at apex. Length 5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 4^ August 12. The meso- and metasterna are often fuscous. .399 (12.o3i. Laccophllus lkdatus Aub6, Spec. Gen., YI, 1S3S. 43o. Narrowl.v oval. Head, thorax and under parts reddish-yellow ; elytra blackish with a rather broad. Irregular basal and a narrower subapieal cross-bar, yellowish ; also a spot on the margin about the middle and at apex of the same hue. Elytra very finely and rather closely punctate. Length 4.7 mm. Fountain County and Pine Lake, La])orte County ; scarce. July 21-August 15. The pale basal cross-bar varies in width and usu- ally encloses two small squarish black spots on each elytron. Subfamily II. COMPLICATA. This group contains by far the greater number of the species belonging to the family. All agree in having the middle coxal cavity enclosed by four distinct pieces. The beetles vary much in form and size, and exhibit the most perfect development of the oar- like hind legs. Four tribes occur in the North American fauna, all of which are represented in Indiana. KKY TO TRIBES OF OOMPLKATA. a. Prostemum deflexed or bent downward between the front coxjb. so that the process or spine is on a different plane from that of the pro- sternum ; front and middle tarsi four-jointed, except in Celina; length less than 6 mm. Tribe I. Hydboporini. p. 211. aa. Prostemum not deflexed; all the tarsi distinctly five-jointed. 6. Lower spur of hind tibije not or but little-broader than the other. c. Outline of eye in front notched by the free margin of front of head; front tarsi of males with three (two in A;iiibiiiii>^) basal joints dilated, forming an nhlouL.' or elongate surface: leugtli usually 7 or more mm. Tribe II. Colymbetim. p. 221. rr. Outline of eye not uotihed: fr.mt tarsi of males dilated s.> as ti> form a rounde36. (A proper name.) Elongate, glabrous, parallel species having the scutellum dis- tinct ; front and middle tarsi with five joints : abdomen terminating in a short spine. One species occurs in the State. 4as (1282). Celina angustata Aub6, Spec. Gen., VI. 1838, 447. Elongate-oblong, parallel. Brownish-red. alutaceous, shining; elytral disk with a blackish cloud. Thorax three times as wide as long, sides feebly rounded, disk very finely and sparsely punctate with coarser punc- tures along the apical and basal margins. Elj-tra sparsely, finely and irregularly punctate, with two or three discal rows of larger punctures : their tips ending in fine points. Middle tibia; of male curved and nar- rowed at middle, the basal portion slender, the apical much broader. Length 4 mm. This is listed as a southern species, but a single specimen was taken in Lake County, un the shore of Lake ^Michigan, and another in Kosciusko County. June 9- August 1. VIIL CcELUiBus Thorn. 1^60. (Gr.. "swoUen + belly.") To this genus belong a number of small, oval or rounded beetles, convex beneath (whence the generic name), and in color either brown or pale with black markings. All are devoid of pubescence, possess the elytral ligula above mentioned and have the humeral or basal portion of the epipleurs limited behind by a well-marked line. Seven species are known from Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF COiLAMBl'S. a. Front of head with a fine but distinct raised margin, the labrum much concealed ; under surface of body very convex, usually light brownish- yellow. 6. Elytra without either distinct blackish spots or a carina on the sides, very coarsely and regularly punctured. 409. in'^quaus. /j/j. Elytra each with three or four black spots, and with a carina on the side, the punctures much finer. 410. acaboides. aa. Front of head without margin, the labrum little concealed ; under ■;«•- face lit body less convex, wholly or partly black. c. Elytra without impressed lines ; smaller, 2.5—1.5 mm. d. El>-tra nearlj- uuifoi-m dark reddish-brown, usually with fine and coarse punctures intermingled. c. Smaller, not over 3 mm. f. Abdomen wholly black; sides of hind coxw very coarsely and sparsely punctate. 411. turbidus. ff. Ahdnmen in part or wholly pale; sides of hind coxse fluely punctate. 412. laccophilints. ee. Larger, 3.s^ mm.; abdomen and metasteruum .is in turbidw. 4l:!. UISSIMILIS. THIS PEEDACEOTjS DIVING BEETLES. 215 ''(?. Elytra dull yellow, clouded with black streaks, finely, densely and evenly punctured. 414. nubilus. cc. Elytra usually with a sutural and two dorsal impressed lines, deeply and coarsely punctate ; larger, 5-5.5 mm. 415. IMPKESSO-PaNCTATTJS. 409 (1284). CcELAMBDS IN^QUAUS Fab., Ent. Syst, I, 1792, 200. Short, suboval, convex abo^e and below. Head and disk of thorax dull yellow, the latter with front and hind margins dusky. Elytra dark brown with traces of dull yellow, notable for the deep and regular punctiires. Under surface coarsely and rather sparsely punctured. Length 3 mm. Steuben, Lake, Llarshall, Laporte and Jrarion counties ; common in Lake Maxinkuckee. April 4-Ortober 23. Usually listed as C. ■punctatus Say. 410 (1288). CcELAMBUs ACARoiDES Ijec, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1855, 294. Rounded-oval, subdepressed. Head, thorax and legs dull yellow ; elytra yellowish, with a large common sutural spot reaching past middle, and three discal spots on each, blackish ; an elevated submarginal carina on middle third. Length 2.5 mm. Steuben County; rare. July 5. Described from Illinois and Kentucky and probably occurs throughout the State. 411 (12S9). CcELAMBTis TiTRBTDus Lec, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1855. 298. Oval, convex. Piceous brown, shining; head, antennae, legs and mar- gins of thorax dull brownish-yellow. Thorax finely punctate on apical half, more coarsely near the base. Punctures of elytra rather dense and mod- erately coarse. Length 2.S mm. Lake and Laporte counties; scarce. May 28-.July 21. Re- sembles C. imeqnalis, but beneath black and much less convex, the elytra with finei' punctures and the clypeus not margined in front. 412 (1377). CVblameus LACcoPHiuNrs Lec, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, XVII. 1878, 595. Short, ovate, subdepressed, pointed behind. Head and thorax light brown ; elytra darker, the male shining. Thorax of male finely rugose and minutely punctured. Elytra rather coarsely and regularly punctate in male ; opaque and very finely punctulate in female. Basal segments of ab- domen rather coarsely punctured in both se.\es. Length 2.6-3 mm. IMarion and ^Marshall counties; frequent. March 14-October 1. The females are minutely alutaceous and are much less common than the males. 413 (1301). CcELAMBUs DissiMiLis Harr., Cat. Ins., 1SM5, 472. Oblong-oval, subconvex. Head and thorax dull yellow to brick-red; elytra dark reddish-brown, rather thickly dotted with fine and coarse punc- tures. I^ength 3.8-4 mm. Lake, Laporte and Marion counties; scarce. March 14-July 15. 216 FAJirr.Y ia-. — dytt-^i rii.i:. 414 (12971. CcELAMBVS Nt BILLS Lw.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. S<;i.. ISu-j. 20S. Elongate-oval. Head, thorax, legs and antennae dull yellow ; elytra with three or four irregular blackish streaks which sometimes merge tn fonn a fuscous cloud behind the middle; under surface black. Length 4.3 mm. Known from Indiana hy a single specimen taken near Green- i-astle. Putnam County, by Guy Wilson and presented t« the writer. July 9. 415 (Vif)2). CcELAMBUs ijiPKESso-PUxcT.^TUs Schall., Act. Hal., I, 17S.3, 312. Oblong-oval. Legs, head and apical half of thora.\: reddish-brown; ver- tex, base of thorax and elytra dark brown, cnarsely and deeply punctate. Many of the punctures elongate, confluent; usually three impressed llne'^ on each elytron, reaching to about the middle. Length 'j-o.o mm. Lake, Laporte and Marshall countips : scarce. April 23-Au- gust 16. Drroncctes deprcssus Fab., dull brownish-yellow, elytra with black lines more or less confluent, length 4.5 mm., and D. griseostri- fdunt' sub-basnl. (liroc in :in in'i'i;iil:u' nnv iit>Mr tin; uiiflflli-. iinrl fhrci' sub- apical; these often bififl lichhirl. aiirl sometiuK's inni-c or Jess <;onfIiient. Sur- face closely and fluelj- punctate. Length 4 mm. Laporte, Starke, Marshall and ^Marion counties; scarce. June O-Juue 16. 42-t (1361). Htdkopoecs xigeb Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II, 182.3, 102; ibid. II, 515. Oval, rather convex. Nearly uniform piceous above ; head, legs and region of humerus obscure reddish-brown; antennae fuscous, the liase paler. Thorax and elytra finely but distinctly and evenly punctured, sparsely pubescent. Sides of meso- and metasterna and base of abdomen coarsely punctured. Length 3.7-4 mm. ilarion County, from •woodland pond near Broad Ripple; scarce. April 4-I\ray 16. 425 (1366). HyDEOPORfs modestus Aube. Spec. Gen., VI. 1S.3*. .576. Oblong-oval, subdepressed. Piceous; head, sides of thorax and elytra, legs and often the sides of abdomen nliscure reddish-brown. Thorax and elytra finely and Indistinctly punctate, rather densely pubescent. Hind coxal plates finely and sparsely punctate; mesosternum coarsel.v punctured; metastemum and abdomen almost smooth. Prosternal spine with a dis- tinct median carina. Length 5 mm. Throughout the State; trec|uent. April 4— October 21. The males are more distinctly pimctured and more densely pubescent than the females. 426 (1323). Hydkopokis pkoximcs Aube, Spet-. Gen. des Hydrocan, 4^3. Oval, slightly convex. Head and tliorax reddish-brown ; elytra piceous ; sometimes with antennae, legs and palpi reddish-brown. Thorax with sides feebly rounded, hind angles obtuse, disk sparsely punctate. Length ?.- .3.5 mm. Lake County, from small pond near Pine; rare. August 21. 427 (1359). Hydkopoeus dichbous Melsh., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 28. Broadly ovate, obtuse in front, pointed behind. Uniform reddish-brown above ; elytra rather thickly pubescent ; legs and often the abdomen reddish- brown ; pectus black or piceous. Upper surface, except disk of thorax, very finely and evenly punctate. I^ength 4 mm. ^Marion and Putnam countic^; siarce. April l^June 2IJ. 428 (1358). Hydbopoeus -vmekicanus Aub^, Spec. (Jen., VI, 1S3S. 575. Elongate-oval, subconvex. Head, legs and disk of thorax pale reddish- brown; remainder of upper surface uniform dark reddish-brown. Disk of thorax almost smooth. Pubescence of elytra less dense than in allied species, usually distinctly visible only on the sides. Length 4 mm. THE PREDAOEOUS DIVING BEETLES. 221 Lake, Laporte and Starke counties ; scarce. May 28-August 20. H. tenetrosus Lee, is known from New Jersey and Lake Su- perior. Tribe II. COLYMBETINI. This tribe includes diving beetles of medium size or above, hav- ing the tarsi distinctly 5-.iointed, those of the males with the dilated .joints oblong. Nine genera are known to be represented m the State, while a single species of another may occur. KEY TO INDIANA GBNEKA OP C0LYM"=1ETIN1. «. Semimembraiious side pieces of first dorsal segment smooth ; smaller, rarely 11 mm. 6. Hind tarsi with unequal claws. c. Spine of presternum not sulcate ; elytra with a pale pubescent spot on the inner face at apex. X. Iltbius. cc. Spine of prosternum deeply sulcate ; elytra without pale spot. XI. Matus. 1>T). Hind tarsi with claws equal or nearly so. cJ. Last joint of palpi emarginate ; prosternal process much swollen along the middle. XII. Coptotomus. (Jd. Last joint of palpi normal, not dilated or emarginate. 0. Elytra deeply striate ; prosternal spine but little swollen at mid- dle. ' XIII. COPELATUS. ee. Elytra not distinctly striate. /. Thorax not margined ; elytra beneath the lens showing numer- ous very fine elongate strife; prosternum not sulcate. XIV. Aqabetes. ff. Thorax margined at sides. . , g. Elytra with very iine longitudinal impressions ; hind legs Short and stout ; wing of metastemum linear, strongly curved. XV. Iiybiosoma. gg. Elytra without fine striiie; hind legs of medium length and size ; wing of metasternum wedge-shaped. XVI. Agabus. (III. Semimembranous side pieces of first dorsal segment rugose; larger, usually 12 or more mm. ft. Upper surface conspicuously reticulate ; thorax not margined on sides. SCUTOPTBBIJS. hli. Upper surface not reticulate. i. Elytra smooth, or in the female with short cdars'e lines; metas- ternum with a broad, deep groove ; thorax margined. XVII. RlIANTUS. H. Elytra with fine transverse wrinkles; metasternum with a narr(]\\- indistinct groove; thorax not margined. XVIIT. Colymketes. The r'liu-dsitics refci'icd tt> under (iomewliat compressed and notched at tip ; prostemum with an ele- \ated carina; last joint of hind tarsi equal to fourth; claws eciual, pressed together and apparently single. One species occurs in the State. 432 (1396). C'OPTOTOMUS inteeeogatus Fab., Syst. Eleut, I, ISOl, 207. Elongate-oval, subconvex. Head, thorax and un- der parts reddish-brown ; vertex black ; thorax black at base and ajiex ; elytra i)itch-brown, with numerous ver.v small pale markings, a short stripe near the scutellum and an irregular marginal stripe, yellowish. Female with l)asal iiortion of elytia . less shining than in male and marked with short, dense indistinct stri;e. Length 7 mm. (Fig. Ilia.) Throughout the State ; frequent, ^ilarch IG-Oetober 2S. Probably hibernates. Tal?en at electric light in June. Fig. nla. (After Sharp.) XIII. CoPEL.VTTS Er. 18o2. (Gr., "oar or leg + wide. ") Rather small beetles having the claws ec|ual in both sexes; pro- sternum with an acute carina in front; hind femora not ciliate at apex. The males have the fore and middle tarsi dilated and fur- nished with small equal disks. One species occurs in Indiana. 4;!3 (1402). COPELATUS GLrYPHicrs Say, Trans. Xmev. Phil. Soc, II. 1X28. !)!); ibid. II. 512. Olilong-ovate. rather narrow, subdepressed. Dark reddish-lnown or jiieeous; antennse and Ic.^'S paler. Thorax almost smooth. Elytra each with ten deeply impressed stri;e, reaching almost to apex. Length .5-C mm. Throughout the Stat(- ; scarce. April 4-October 21. [15—23402] 224 FAMILY IV. DYTISCID.'E. XIV. Agabetes Crotch. 1873. (Gr., " good + swimmer. ") This genus contains but one short, broad, depressed species hav- ing the head somewhat flattened; thorax very short, with sides rounded, not margined ; prosternal spine with an acute carina. The males have the anal segment deeply impressed each side, and the front tarsal claws very long. 434 (1405). Agabetes acuductis Harr., New Eng. Far., 182S, 124. Oval, snbdepressecl. Blackish or piceous, feebly shining; head, side margins of thorax and humeri of elytra reddish. Disk of thorax and sur- face of elytra with very numerous short scratches or impressions. Length 7-7.5 mm. Lake, Koscinslcd and Knox counties; rare. April 29-Septem- ber 2. XV. IijYbiosoma Crotch. ISTH (6i-., "mud or slime + body.") This genus comprises two medium-sized species having the hind tibiffi and tarsi very short; first tai'.sal .joint shorter than the tibial spur. The males have the front and middle tarsi compressed, nar- rowly dilated; cla^re simple. One of the two, described from Can- ada and belonging to the boreal fauna, occurs in northern Indiana. 435 (1399). ILTBIOSOMA BIFABIA Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer., IV, lS;^i7, 71. Oblong-ovate, subeonve.K. Black, shining; head in front, antennio, legs and side margins of thorax reddish-brown. Elytra with numerous minute longitudinal impressed lines which, behind the middle, are transverse. I^ength 6-7 mm. Represented in the collection by a single specimen taken near Pine, Lake County. May 3. XVI. Agabus Leach. 1817. (Gr., a proper name.) A large number of blackish or more or less metallic, rarely varie- gated beetles, 'ranging from 7 to 12 mm. in size and having the thorax margined; prosternum often acutely cariuate; claws of hind tarsi equal; elytra usually very finely reticulate or alutaceous. The front tarsi of the males are swollen, the joints beneath being clothed with hairs which are usually tipped with minute disks. The hind legs are rather feebly developed for swimming, and the beetles are therefore often found under stones in wet, grassy places, or about the roots of semi-aquatic plants in marshes aud shallow pools. More than 50 species are listed from 1lic United States. Of these, 10 are known from Indiana while several others doubtless occur. On account of their clo,se similarity 1he>- are difficult to separate un- less both sexes are at hand, THE PEEBACEOUS DIVING BEETLES. 225 KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF AGABtlS. ". Outer front tarsal claw of male elongate and dilated or thickened be- neath. 6. Elytra brownish-yellow ; length 9.5 mm. eeytheopterds. 66. Elytra black, finely and densely reticulate ; length 6.5-7.5 mm. 436. ANTHBACINUS. aa. Outer front claw of moderate length, not dilated beneath. c. Front tarsal claws of male compressed, obtusely dentate at base. f1. Elytra brownish, more or less pale; inner margin of hind tibise without punctures ; prosternal spine acutely carinate along the middle ; length 8.5-9.5 mm. 437. confinis. dd. Elytra black or brassy black; inner margin of hind tibiae with a row of punctures ; prosternal spine broad, nearly flat ; length 9- 10 mm. 438. seeiatus. cc. Front tarsal claws of male simple or acutely dentate, e. Front claws of male simple. /. Inner margin of hind tibiae without punctures, fir. Prosternal spine rather narrow, convex. 7i. Elytra dark reddish-brown, very shining, without a submar- ginal pale stripe, their surface not coarsely reticulate; length 7.5-8.5 mm. 439. pdngtatus. tih. Elytra fuscous with a reddish-yellow submarginal stripe; their surface coarsely and unequally reticulate; length 8 mm. EETIOXJLATTJS. gg. Prosternal spine broad, flat, polished; elytra black, each with a dull yellow submarginal stripe. i. Broadly ovate ; under surface reddish-brown ; length 10 mm. 440. STAGNINUS. ii. More narrowly ovate ; under surface black ; length 7.5-8 mm. OBTUSATUS. , /A Inner margin of hind tibise with a row of deep punctures ; thorax finely margined; elytra uniform piceous, shining; length 9 mm. 441. GAGATES. ee. Outer fi'ont claw of male acutely dentate near the base. j. Elytra dull yellow with black stripes. A'. Body beneath wholly red ; first joint of middle tarsi equal to the next three combined ; length 9 mm. t.eniolatus. A/,'. Rleso- and metasterna and coxie black ; first joint of middle tarsi less elongate ; length 7.5-8 mm. 442. disintegratds. jj. Elytra not dull yellow. /. Elytra reddish-piceous with a greenish or brassy tinge, finely iranctulate; length 7 mm. 44.3. ^neolus. U. Elytra black. m. Form broad, subdeprossed ; elytra with a subapical pale stripe; length 8.5-9 mm. 444. semivittatus. mm. Form narrow, convex ; elytra without pale stripe but with numerous irregular iiunctures ; length (J-7 mm. 445. SEMIPUNCTATUS. 22(5 i-'Ajni.Y IV. — t)Y-i-is('ii).io. A. crj/tJiropto'us Say. A. ycticulatus Aiibe and ^i. ohtusatus Say are members of the boreal faima known from ^Massachusetts to Lake Superior and perhaps occur in northern Indiana. 4::;f; (1433). Agabus axthracixus Maim.. Bull. Mosl-.. II, ISX. 304. Oval, moclerately couvex. Black, subopaque; autenmie, palpi aud leijs reili(jhil IIS liai'i'.. and h'. flnroiii isms Crotch, lioth have a i-anjic which nia>- include northern Indiana. 44(i (lliiiij. Iin.\KTUs itiSTKiATUS Bergst, Num., 1. 42. Rather shortly cvatc. Head black, front and vertex dull yellow ; thorax yellow, its front and hind margins black ; elytra blackish, the margins and many small reticulate marks dull yellow; prosternum and four front legs reddish-brown; remainder of under surface black. Outer middle claw of male very broad, compressed. Length 9-10 mm. Beach of Lake ^Michigan, near Pine. Lake County; rare. ^May 5-June 28. /.'. simiaUis Lee, is known from New York, Illinois and ]\Iich- igau. THE PHEUACEOrS DIVIXG BEETLES. 229 447 ( ). RiiANTDs coNFrsus sp. nov. I'jlongate-oval, rather robust, subdepressed. Above uni- form black, shining; antennae and palpi light reddish- brown; tibife and tarsi dark reddish-brown; under sur- face piceous. Head smooth, the front with two small fovese between the bases of antennse. Thorax more than twice as wide as long, sides feebly curved, margins dis- tinct ; surface with sparse tine punctures near the front and hind margins. Elytra each with four double rows of flue, very confused punctures. Prostenium convex but not distinctly carinate along the middle. Length 32 mm. CSPiS- 133.) Floyd ('(niiity; rare. Scptenilier 'IS. Doseribed from a singles male taken from beneath a .stone on the. shore of the Ohio River. Tinder a strong lens the entire upper surface of both this and his- Iriatus is seen to be marked with very fine reticulated lines between \vlnch are nitmerous exceedingly miinite x)unctures. giving it the ap- pearance of being alntaceous. XVIII. CoLYMBETES Clairv. 1.806. (Giv, "dive -i- swim.") Rather large elongate beetles having the side-; of thorax oblique, not margined ; scutellum punctate ; elytra A\ith very fine transverse stria}. The males have the anal segment triangularly emarginate and joints 2 and 3 of front and middle tarsi clothed with small equal disks. One .species occurs in Indiana. 448 (1474). CoLYMBETES scxjLPTiLis Harr., N. Eng. Far., 1829, 8. Elongate-oval. Verte.x black with two small paler spots ; thorax, front of head and margins of elytra dull yellow, the thorax with .i black transverse discal bar ; disk of elytra darker; under surface black, legs and hind mar- gins of abdominal segments reddish-brown. Length 16 mm. (Fig. 114.) Occurs sparingh" along the .shore of Lake Michi- gan ; not noted eUewhere but should occur. iMay &"k^a'i.) 5-June26. Tribe IIL DYTISCINL Diving beetles of large or medium size, easily distinguished by the peculiar dilated form of the front tarsi of the males. In these the first three .joints form a circular cushion with small disks on thi- under side. Tlie middle tni-si are also frc(|uently dilated, the joints l)cing ()l>]ong with varionsly ai-rang!>d disks oi' suckers beneath. Sometimes, as in Aritkis, there are three well-marked sizes of disks on the same foot. The tribe is represented in the United States by six genera, five of which occur in Indiana. 230 FAMILY 1\. DYTISC'ID.E. KEY TO INDIANA GENEKA OF DYTISCINI. «. Length one inch or more ; joints of hind tarsi not (ringed with flattened hairs on the outer margin, the last one with two claws; trunt tarsi of males with two large and numerous small disks. XIX. I>YTiscrs. «(/. Length scarcel.v exceeding one-half inch; joints of hind tarsi fringed on the outer margin. 6. Spurs of hind tibite acute at apex ; claws of hind tarsi unequal. XX. Hydaticks. 1)1). Spurs of hind tilii:c emarginate at apex. c. El.vtra either 4-suIcate (female), or with distinct, clcisely phued. moderate sized punctures (male). XXI. AciLirs. cc. lOlytra not distinctly punctured, sometimes ver.-\- finely punetulate or partially aciculate. (/. Jliddle femora with long conspicuous set;c. XXII. Thich.monectes. (hi. Middle femora with short, stout sette. XXIII. Geaphoi)Kr:s. The emarginate or bifid tips of the tibial spurs in the last thi'ee ueiiera are ver^■ fine, and must be looked for with a good lens. XTX. Dytiscus Linn. 1735. (Gr., "a diver.") To this genus lielong the largest of our diving beetles. They are of a dark olive-brownish hue, with the elypeus and a .stripe along the sides of thorax and elytra dull yellow ; front and hind margins o f thoi'ax also usually more or less yellow. (Fig. 115.) Form elon- gate-oval, little con- vex and of variable width; elypens sepa- rated from head by a suture visible across the full width ef head ; thorax not m a r g i n e d ; claws e(|ua.l in both sexes. The females of some Fi?. 115. Dytiscui:-a, lirv.i of D. murginalis devouring a larva of ^Pi'^^'lt'S always liaVC EpVaier.i; 6, pupv of .sime; r, D. fasdKnlris Say; grooved eljlron of ii i . ^ i -i femile; rf, front tarsus of male, under side, showing the suctioncups; r, 1^'''' elytra deeply antl H.ime of female. (After Riley.) ' , -, , broadly sub ate; i n scmie they are always smooth, while in a third grcmp the females are dimorphic, i. e., have either smooth or suleate elytra. Four species are known from Indiana, while three others perhaps occur. TIIIC PKEIJACEDITS DIVIXC BEETI.KS. 231 KJilY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF DYTISllS. ". I.al>ruin distinctly eiiuirgiiiate at middle. h. Hind (-(jxal iivocesses rounded or acute, not spinuse. '■. Tliorax witli sides yellow, base and apex not or only indistinctly so. r, mm. 451. verticalis. rr. Thorax with base and apex, as well as sides, distinctly and rather broadly .yellow ; females dimorphic. /. Hind coxal processes acute; length .'i:. mm. marginalts. //. Hind Cdxal processes obtuse; length 30 mm. sublimbatcis. hh. Hind coxal pro<-esses jii-oduced. distinctly s|)inose; thorax with base, apex and sides iu-oadly yellow; lengtli ;')1-;35 mm. dauricus. (III. Labnnn nearly truncate at middle; tliorax with all the margins dis- tinctly and bniadly yelliiw ; females dimor])hic. 451!. iiareisii. 44!) (14.S1). I)-iTis(!us I'.^scivioN'i'uis Sa.v, Liaig's Exjied., II, L'Til; ibid. I, 177. Elong.ate-oTal. Greeuis'li-black abcivc; thora.x margined with ycIliiw only on the sides, or with a taint trace of yel- low at base and ai)ex. Elyti'a of female each with ten grooves which reach beyond the middle; their apical third linely and rather densely pun-2,s mm. (Fig. 1 la ) Dekalb and iMarion c()unties; frequent. April 10- Jnly 18. 450 (17.^1i). Dytiscus hyi!riih;s Aubc. Spec. Gen., VI, is:is, IIG. I!e,gularly o\'at('. Tliorax shorter than in l'ii.; ibid. II, HOC. ()\'al. rather broad. Thorax margined with yellow only on sides. Ely- tra with three rows of well marked dorsal punctures; the marginal yellow line narrowing on apical half, the subapical line often somewhat indistinct. lA'Ugtb ;_!3-;!ri nun. Beach of Lake IMichij^an near .Millers, Lake County; scarce. l\lav 2S. *32 FAMILY IV. BTTlSnil,!!:. D. marfjinalis Linn., D. subliiitbatiia Lee. and D. dauricus Gebl., are all boreal species which may oei-nr in northern Indiana. 452 (1491). Dytiscus hakbisii Kirby, Faun. Bor. Amer. 1S37, 76. Broadly oval. Thorax at base, apex and sides broadly bordered with yellow. Elytra with marginal stripe nar- rowed only near apex, and with a narrow subapical cross- ]>ar as in rcrticaUs. Abdominal segments reddish-yellow margined with piceous. Length 38-40 mm. (Fig. 117.) Lake and .Marion counties; rare. June 26. Our Fig. 117. Two-thirds largest End best marked species. The ^Marion C'oun- natural size. , • • - , i -r^ t i , • (After wiciiiiam.) tv Specimen IS m the Dury collection. XX. Hydaticus Leach. 1817. CGr., "found in the water.") ^Moderate sized, convex, regularly oval species having the thorax not margined; prosternal spine with a rather broad oval expansion, and olrtuse or rounded at apex : hind tarsal claws unequal, the inner one the longer. The dilated front tarsi of males bear numerous subequal disks, the middle tarsi being also broadly dilated and with four rows of disks. Three species have been taken in the State, ■while another may occur. KEY TO IXDIAN.V SPECIES OF HYDATICUS. a. Rows of punctures on upper face of hind tibire distant from one an- other and parnllel with outer border of tibifp. h. Above reddisU-brown ; sides of thorax dull yellow. 453. picEUS. hi). -Vli.ive piceous: thorax rcdilish with a black basal cross-bar. ('. Elytra each with four or five narrow dull yellow lines. 4.54. STACiA'.MIS. re. Elytra uniform piceinis. the nuirgin only paler. 455. L.EVU'KNNIS. (Id. Kows of punctures on upper face of hind tibiae rather close tojiclher and not parallel with hind margins; thorax as in tttaijiialis; elytra with a submarginal yellow stripe. rec\irved at the humerus and not reaching apex. bimaeginatus, 453 (1470). Hydaticus piceis l.ec. New Sji. X. Amer. Col.. I, 1863, 23. Oval, moderately convex. Dark reddisli-brown : subopaque, front of head, margins of thorax and elytra paler; fnuit and middle legs pale brown ; hind legs and abdomen darker. Dorsal rows of punctures evident but indis- tinct. Female with several irregular elongate punctures each side of mid- dle of front of thorax. Length 12-13 mm. Lake and W(>l]s counties; scarce. April 20-.Tune '25. 454 (1477). HvDATicus st.vgnalis Fab., JIant. I, 191. ovate, suboonvex. Above piceous; thorax and front of head rwldish- yellow. I he former with a curvcil bla(4i; b.isnl cross-bar whi(4i does not roarh THE PEEDACEOT'S PITING BEETLES. 233 the margins ; elytra with the margin broadly yellow and usually with a sub-basal yellowish band from which extend backward four or five narrow dull yellow lines ; under surface dark piceous, the presternum paler. Length 12.5-14 mm. Lake and Steuben counties; rare. May 27-August 16. 455 (1478). Hydaticvs i^evipexni.s Thoms., Op. Ent., Ill, 324. Elongate-oval, subconvex. Piceous abuve and beneath ; front of head, thorax except a basal cross-bar, front and middle legs and antennae reddish- yellow ; side margins of elytra dull brownish-yellow ; middle tibiJB piceous. Dorsal rows of punctures distinct. Female with tips of elytra slightly pro- duced and subsinuate. Length 12.5 mm. One male in Field ^Museum e(>lleetion from "Ind.," probably St. Joseph County, The dark basal cross-bar of thorax is widest at middle and tapers to a line each side. H. hiniarginatus Say. 12 mm. in length, occurs from Ohio to Georgia and Florida. XXI. AciLius Leach. 1817. (L., a Roman name.) ]M cdium-sized subdepressed species, slightly obovate in form, and having the upper surface distinctly and regu- larly punctate ; thorax not ma.rgined ; hind coxas very large. Females with elytra either sulcate or smooth. ]\lalc,s with front tarsi broadly dilated, with one large and two small disks beneath, the middle tarsi simple, the jjg hind claws equal (Fig. 118.) Two species have been (^f'^f Co^^t"*-) taken in Indiana, while one other may occur. KEY TO INDIA>;A SPECIES OF ACILITS. a. Vertex with a distinct M-shaped black mark ; sulci of female elytra un- equal in length, the outer ones longer and reaching nearly to base. h. Hind femora X'eddish-brown; length 12.5-14 mm. 456. SEJIISULCATUS. hb. Hind femora black; length 12 mm. mediatus. (Id. Xfvtex without an M-slin[)ed mark; sulci of fcjiiale subequMl in length and reaching only to middle of elytra; length 13-15 nmi. 457. FRAIERNUS. t5i; (141)2). Acu.iis SEMisuLCATUs Aubc, Spec. Gen., VI, 1S3S, ]:'.2. Broadly oval or obovate. Dull brownish-yellow above ; head with base and an :\I-shaped mark on vertex black ; thorax with two transverse black lines on disk, the front one the wider ; elytra closely marked with black dots and with subapical yellowish cross- l«Tr. Length 12.5-14 mm. (Fig. 119.) Lake, Jlarshall, Marion and Vigo counties; (After wickhaiu',) fre(|uent. Jujie 12-August ] 5, 234 FAiriLY i\'. — DVTiscjn.i';. A. vied in I lis S;iy has the same ranue ;!s the other two species, and should therefon^ occur in the State. iriT (1493). AciLius FBATEBNi's IhuT., Xew Eiii;. F:ir., 1N-!'.i, s. <'l(ise to xciiiiKiilcdtiin. but !i little lar^'er. darker .■aid more ilensely [luijcturecl. Black lines of tbura.Y hn.adev; femora nearly Ijlaek. Length 13-14..1 mm. ;\Iarion, Putnam and Viyo '-ounties; frequei:t. ilarch 14-Au- siTi.st 12. In coitu on the earlier date, motionless, heads downward and ventral sides together. When distur})ed they dived quickly and hid in the leaves and trash at the bottom of the w^ater. XXII. Therm(jxectes Eseh. l-^'-Vi. (Gr., "a warm spring + swimmer.") Medium-sized, rather convex sjiecies resembling Acilius in ap- pearance, b^it having the up])er surface x)olished, smooth, or with but one to three dorsal rows of puncturj-s ; thorax without side mar- gins; prosternal process broad and short ; hind tarsal claws unequal. The front tarsi of the males bear two or three larger basal and nrunerous small unequal disks oil the knver side. The basal halves of elytra of females are marked with numerous short, deep elongate punctures. Two species occur in the State. J."iS (l-iU7)). Thermonectes oex.\i leoi.us Aube, Sjiec Hen.. YI, ]s:-is. 140. Ovate, suhcunyex. Above dull yellow; lieud with vertex and an II- sbaped mark black; thorax with two transverse black lines, the front one the narrower; elytra marked with many small black more or less confluent dots, and an indistinct black b.ir behind the middle; under surface reddish- brown. Elytra each with two discal rows of rather distinct distant puuc- tures. Length ll..^i-13 mm. Vigo County; rare. ^May 2^. 4.'59 (14'.)i;)- TnKHMo.NEC'iEs i3.i.siLABis Ilarr., N. Eng. Far.. iM's. s. Ovate, subcoDvex. Ab.ve black ; head In front and a transverse line on the vertex dull yellow: thorax with the sides and a narrow discal bar of the same color; elytra with the margins, a sub-basjil cross-bar and some vague markings on the sides .yellowish ; under surface reddish-brnwn or piceous. the front and middle Iclcs paler. IClytra punctate as in oniaticulli-i. Length 0-10 mm. Lake. ^Marshall and Putnam counties; scarce, ilay 2(1- Au- gust 15. XXIII. r;[;APiic)ni-:i;ES Esch. ls:-):l fOr.. "write ^ skin.") This genus is close to Tlnniiinicct) s. The males have the front tarsi as there, but have also the middle tarsi dilated and bearing two THE PKED.VCEOUS liMING BEETLES. 235 roM's of disks on under side. The el,\'tra of female are either smooth or rough, with minute tubercles. Two species are known from In- diana. 4(>0 (14!.l.S). (JuAPHOUERES LiBiCRUS Sa.v. Joiu'u. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, INlin, ICO; Ibid. II, 271. Sliglitly obovate, subdeiiressed. Head and thorax duli reddish-yeliow, the latter sometimes piceous at base; elytra blackish-brown, with numerous fine yellow vermiculate marks, these sometimes forming a yellowish mar- gin; under surface reddish-brown, the legs paler. Elytra each with two rows of indistinct dorsal punctures. Length 11.5-12 mm. Putnam and Lawrence counties ; frecjuent in woodland ponds. August 7-August 12. ■4«)1 (1499). (Jkaphodekes fasoicollis Ilarr., N. Bug. Far., VII, 1S28. 156. Broadly ovate, subeonvex. Head with occiput and an M-like mark black ; thorax dull yellow with a rather broad black bar on front and hind margins; elytra blackisli, thickly marked with dull yellow dots, the mar- gins and a very narrow sutural line yellow ; under surface dull bro^^^lish- yellow. Length 13.5-14.5 mm. Lake and Marion counties; scarce, ilarch 23-May 27. This species is said by Sharp to be distinguished from the European G. cinereus Linn, by the male having fewer disks on the front and middle tarsi. In one male from Pine, Indiana, the middle tarsi are not at all dilated. Tribe IV. CYBISTRINL This tribe is represented in the [Jnited States by a small number of large species belonging to the single genus CyhisUr. They have the spiracles very small; hind legs broad and powerful; their tibia' short and broad, with the lower one of the two apical spurs dilated ; hind claws very unequal, the inner being obsolete or wanting in our species. The front tarsi of the males have joints 1-3 dilated into a large circular disk bearing four rows of equal-sized cupules. In the hollows behind the hind coxse of the males are four or five deep ridges which, when rubbed by a ridge on the under side of the fe- mur, form a stridulating organ. XXIV. Cybister Esch. 1833. (6r., "a tumbler or diver;") This genus is considered as represeiiting the highest and most completely developed form of D.\'tiscidnp. One of the five species Jjnown from the United States occurs in Indiana. 236 FAilILT V. GTKIXID^. 462 (1502). Ctbistee ttmrktot.att s Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II, 1S2.3, 9; ibid. II, 506. Ovate, more or less wedge-shaped. Above brown with a faint greenish tinge; thorax and elytra with a broad yellow margin; front of head, four front legs and spots at sides of abdominal segments -3 to 6, also yellow. Thorax and elytra of female, except along the suture, with numerous fine short impressed lines. Length 30-33 mm. Tkroughoiit the State; frequent. 3Iay 27-Septeinber 20. In autumn sometimes found beneath rubbish on the beaches of lakes. Family Y. GYRIXID.E. The Whiemgig Beetles. In the little bays of lakes and ponds and along the quiet places of flowing streams one often sees, close into shore, large colonies of beetles playing and gjTating upon the surface of the stiU water. These beetles are oval or elliptical in form, somewhat flattened, more or less attenuate at either end and usually of a brilliant bluish-black color. The name of the family is fotmded upon the principal genus Gjjrinus, which in turn is derived from a Greek word mean- ing "a circle," and given to these insects on account of their habit of moving in little circles upon the surface of the water. They do not s-nim, as commonly stated, but glide or skate upon the surface- film of the water in the same manner as do the wherrjnnen or water- spiders among the Hemiptera. Except when piirsued they rarely dive beneath the surface, and they then carry with them a small supply of air and stay but a short time. Being so agile they are difficult to capture even with a net. "When handled they exude a milkj- fluid which usiially has a disagreeable odor, but in certain species resembles that of ripe apples, hence they are srimetinie'< called "apple bugs. " Some of the species ot^-casionaliy crawl out of the water onto lofrs. stones nr other objects, where they liask in the .sunlight. If ap- proached when so engaged, the>- let go all hold and tumble, instead of crawling back into the water, much in the same way as does a basking turtle. "When undisturbed, the colonic-; or gi-oups are ttsually massed close together, and are soinetimes almost quiescent. The least alarm -vvill, however, cause a large. cLksely bunched assem- bly to scatter widely in all directions. From the margins of these groups individuals are continually darting out for a short distance, then back again. These little jour- neys are probably made in search of prey, as the beetles snap vigor- THE WniEMGIG BEETLES. 237 ously at any small insect they meet upon the surface of the water. Sometimes the outsider becomes alarmed and skates back at full speed into the assembly, putting its members into wild stampede. Although easily recognized by their form and habits, the Gyri- nidce. are distinguished from allied families by having the eyes completely divided by the sides of the head into upper and lower parts, both rounded, so that the\' appear to have four eyes, two for looking up into the air and two for gazing down into the water. (Pig. 120.) The antennae are very short, thick, inserted behind the mandibles, the . third joint enlarged so as to resemble an ex- r ternal ear, the following joints rather broad and bertfe.'LS' °o a"^' d?- united so as to form a spindle-shaped append- ""'='' "^^^ ^^fter Fohom.) age (Fig. 4, No. 16) ; front legs very long, rather slender, and when at rest placed in oblique grooves between the pro- and mesostema ; middle and hind legs short, broad, very much flattened; tibiae with- out spurs; tarsi 5-jointed, the joints in part flattened and trian- gular. The eggs of the Gyrinidas are laid in parallel rows upon the leaves of aquatic plants. The grubs are long, narrow and much flattened, and breathe by means of tracheal gills attached to the abdominal segments. (Fig. 121.) They are chiefly carnivorous, and when full grown leave the water and spin a gray, paper-like co- coon on some nearby object, in which they undergo the pupal stage. Only about 40 species of G-yrinidne are known from the United States. These are divided among three genera, two of which are known to occur in the State, Mhile the single species of the third is recorded from Quincy, Illinois, and may yet be foimd in the western part of Indiana. The only papers treating of the North American species of the family are as follows: LeConte. — "The Gyrinidse of America North of Mexico," iv Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei., 1868, 365. h'oljerts, C. n. — "The Species of Dineutes of America North of ]\rexico," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XXII, 1895, 279. KEY TO GENEEA OF OYBINID,E. (/. Last ventral segment depressed, rounded at tip. /;. Sfutellum distinct ; length less than S mm. I. fJrKiNus. 1)1). ScutelUira invisible; labrum transverse; length !i or more mm. II. Dineutes. 1288 FAillLT T. GTEIXID.^. aa. Last ventral elongate, conical; labrum prominent; scutellum Invisible; length fi mm. Gybetes. I. Gyrinus Linn. 173-3. (Gr., "a circle or ring.") Our member.s of this genus are smaller, more narrow and more convex than those of the next. They have eleven rows of distinct punctures on each elytron which, when held in a certain light, usually reflect a golden tint ; the legs are always reddish-brown or yellowish in hue. (Fig. 121.) On account of the close resemblance between the species, their definition and recognition is cpite difficult. The fol]o^\ing have been taken or per.- Fig. 121. 1, beetle; 2, larva. . _ t (After Packard.) haps occur in Indiana. KEY TO IXDIAN.V SPECIES OF GYRINt'S. .(. Scutellum finely but distinctly carinate. 463. minttl-s. '/((. Scutellnm flat. h. t'uaer side margin of thorax and epipleura lirdwuish-yellow. c. Uniler surface uniform brown or limwnisli-.vellow. il. Larger. 6-7 mm. c. I'olished black, not bronzed or iridescent. 4CA. fbaternus. rr. Black, very highly iridescent, margins and sides bronzed. f. Tips of elytra rounded; form broader. inr,. vextr.^ijs. ff. Tips of elytra truncate; form more narrow. aquiris. (1(1. Smaller, 4..5-.J.5 mm. g. Form more eler surface not alutaceous; length .5.5 mm. 470. piceoeus. 111). Under side margin of thorax and epipleura metallic black. /. Front margin of mesosternum regular iu form. 7r. Elytra highly polished, distinctly bronzed. I. Smaller and more narrow, .5-6 mm.; outer rows of elytral punctures but little stronger than inner. 471. axalis. 77. Longer and broader. 7 mm. ; outer rows of elytral punctures distinctly impressed. 472. borealis. 7i7i-, Elytra black, scarcely polished and not at all bronzed. 473, LfGEXS. ;■/. Front margin of mesosternum trilobed, with an oblique impression each side: under surface black; length 5-6 mm. pectoralis. THE WHIRLIGIG BEETLES. 239 4(i;! (15(1.",). Gyrini's MiNUTrs Fiib., Syst. Eleut, I, ISOl, 270. Elougate-(.\-al. Alxivf blue-black; sides and margins of elytra bronzed; beneath brownish-yellow, abdomen black, last- ventral segment piceous. Me- dian line of thorax and scntellum with a fine carina ; mesosternum with a (loep median furrow. Length 4— 1..5 mm. Woodland pond near Broad Ripple. Marion County; scarce. I\Iay 1."). Readily known hy tlio carinate scntellum and bicolored under surface. 4(;4 (IfiOS). ■ ({YRiNii.s FRATEKNis (.'ouii.. Can. Nat., lind Scr., II, (iO. Elongate-oval, r.-ither robust. Above bluish-black, polished, not bronzed; under surface uniform dark reddish-brown. Tijis of elytra broadly rounded. Length (l mm. Pine, Lake County and Hudson Lake,Laporte County; scarce. 'May 20-August 20. Known l)y the more robust form and entire ab- sence of bronzed lustre. 41;") (l.";i3). (rYRiNUs VENTRALis Kirby. Faun. Bor. Amer.. IV. ls;^,T. M). Oval. Above black, ver.y highly polished, iridescent ; margins, sides and sntui'e of elytra bronzed; beneath re;I- dish-brown, sides and tip of abdomen a little paler. Length itX>-7 mm. (Fig. VS2. ) Northern half cf State; common. March 14- Scptemlier 19. A handsome species, easily known by its larger size and more brilliant iridescent sur- face. G. aqiiiris Lee, 6.5 mm. in length, is recorded from the Lliddle States and Lake Superior. 4(;(; (3509). Gy'RINUS ^neolds Lee, I'roc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., ISC.S, .'UiS. Elongate-oval. Above uniformly black-l)ronzed, very shining; beneath dark reddish-brown, the last two ventral segments paler. Elytral punc- tures in both this and Uiiibatus larger and more distinct than in ilicUnniH. Length ."i-.^.S mm. Lo^v meadow ponds near Bass Lake, Starke County, and Hunt- ingburg, Dubois County; scarce. April 8-May 9. 4(;7 (1511). <;YKi?irs DiciiRors Lee, Froc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., ISd^. 3(W. Resembles the next but wholly without lironzed lustre. Punctures of elytral striie smaller, more crowded. I,ength 4.5 mm. Lake ^ilaxinkuckec; scarce. August 17. KiS (1510). (Jyrincs LiiiRATis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II, 1,^2:1. 10!); il)id. II, .")2U. Short, broad, but little attenuate behind. Above black, shining, dis- tinctly bronzed, esjiccially so on margins and suture of elytra and front margin of thorax; lieueath reddisli-brown. the middle segments of abdo- n(;-2:!4()2] 2-1-0 FAMILY T. GYElXin.E. men darker. Elyti-a broad, tapering but little behind, tips subtruncate, outer angle rounded; covering the entire abdomen (male) or leaving only the tips exposed (female). Length o.S^.2 mm. Taken only along the borders of AVawasee and Hudson lakes, where it was found in ^ery large colonies. July 15-July 18. 4r.9 (1519). GYBiN-rs affi>-is Aub6, Spec. Gen., VI, ISaS. 669. Elongate-oval. Black, moderately shining ; upper surface minutely alu- taceous, margins bronzed; beneath dusky bronzed, the last ventral seg- ment reddish-brown. Elytra with tiiis more concave than usual, their punctures fine, close-set. Length tJ..5-7.5 mm. Putnam County : scan-e. July 4. 470 (, ). Gtbixis piceolvs sp. nov. Oval, moderately convex. Black, ijolished, the suture and side mar- gins of elytra bronzed; under surface black, the last ventral paler; epi- pleura and legs reddish-brown. Elytral punctures well marked, the outer two rows coarser. Length 5.5 mm. Lake County : rare, ilay -5. 471 (1521). GYBixrs analis Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, II. 1S23. 10s; ibid. II, 520. Elongate-oval. Black, bronzed both above and beneath ; upper surface not highly polished; beneath black, legs and last ventral segment reddish- brown. Elytra with tips broadly but obtusely rounded. Length 5-6 mm. Throughout the S^tate; common. April 11-Oetober 23. 471! (].'i27). Gyein-us bobk.\os Aub4, Spec. Gen.. VI. IsSS. 692. Broadly oval. Above black, highly polished, margins and sides nt ely- tra bronzed; beneath black, the last ventral segment dark brown. Punc- tures I if elytral striae fine, rather close. Length 7 mm. Throughout the state : frequent. April 23-August l.T. Re- semliles ventmlis but broader and with under surface black. 47:; il52Si. Gybinis li'GENS Lee.. Proc. Phil. Aeail. Xat. Sei.. Isij.S, 30!!. Broadly oval. Resembles horealis. but above black, slightly pc.lisheil, not at all bronzed; beneath black, the last ventral segment dark brown. El.rtra with tips more rounded and with outer angles less distinct; punc- tures finer, more distant one from another. Length 6 mm. Lake and Laporte counties : scarce. ^lay 20--Tuly 15. G. pcctoralh Loe.. is a boreal species which may occur in north- em Indiana. IT. DixEUTEs :McL. I'^in. Mir., -to whirl or swim in an eddy.'"! The species of this uenus arc all of fair size, more or less oval and ^nbdepresM (1. TIk y have the njiper surface usually shinintr. THE WHIELIGIG BEETLES. 241 bronzed and finely reticulate ; labrum ronnded in front and eiliate ; scutellum invisible ; elytra with nine slightly impressed striae which are sometimes very indistinct. Front tarsi of males moderately dilated and densely clothed beneath with papillas, forming an elon- gate, narrow brush. Four species are known from Indiana, while another may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF DINEUTES. a. Sides of thorax aud elj'tra with a bronzed submarginal stripe; length 12-15.5 mm. vittatus. fia. Sides without submarginal stripe; length not over 11 mm. 6. Under surface uniform brownie-yellow. 474. discoloe. 66. Under surface black or bronzed. c. Sutural angles of elytra rounded in both sexes ; femora of male toothed. 475. bmaeginatus. oc. Sutural angles distinct in female ; femora of male not toothed. d. Sutural angles of both sexes produced baclvward ; tips of female elytra feebly separated. 476. assimilis. ,'i:rTEs as.-,imu.i.s Aube. Sper. Gen.. VI. is.'is. 7TN. Obloiiu'-oval. distiuftly Oduve.x. Ab:ive b!;R-k. strougly brouzed : beneath bbiek, vei-.v sblniug : abdoiuinal segments often tinired with brown; leiis browuisli-yellow. Elytra of male feebly sinuate near tips, the latter but slightly sepa- rated at suture, the angles but little i.mduved back\yarils : those of female more strongly sinuate both on side margins and near tips, the latter more widely separated at suture, the angles distinctly prciduced backwards. Length lt>-ll..j mm. I Fig. V23.) Fig. 123. X 2i. Throughout the State: common. ]\Iay V-Septem- rigina.) -^^^^ -^g ipjjjg j^, +t^p speeies usually known as the "apple-bug," on account of the odor exhaled from the milky fluid exuded from anal segment. 4TT ( ). DiXEUTES HOKXii Roberts. Trans. Amer. Ent Soc. XXII, Is'.!.",. 284. Closely resembles us.siiiiiUs but usually smaller, more obovate. Distin- guished by the elytra of males having the sutural angles rounded, those uf female more widely separated at apex. Length O.-j-ll mm. Lakes of northern Indiana : common. ]\Iay 6-August 20. G!jrrt(s sinuaius Lee, elongate-oval, dark bronzed, very shin- ing, sides of thorax and elytra densely punctured and pubescent, has been taken at Quiiiey. Illinois. Series II. CLAVICORNIA. This is a large and un\\'ieldly group cf families having few char actera in common, except that the antenna^ are enlarged to form a more or less distinct club toward the tip. It is here that the tarsal system has its feeblest value, as every possible variation exists from the 5-jointed to the 1-jointed. In the tables which follo\v certain families f whose numbers are given in parenthesis), and other sub- division.s* (whose names are given in italics >. rightfully for the most part belong to the Scrrieornia, but their antennie are often so obviously clavate as to lead the student amiss. Those which there belong are also included in the Serricornia table, where their aber- rant character becomes at once apparent. In order to shorten and simplify the key to families of Clavicornia the Series is tirst di^dded into four groups cv Subseries, and th"se in turn into families, KEY TO StBSERIES OF I^-niA-\.V E.\M1LH;S OF CI.U-UOK.NIA. a. Elytra sliort. leaving the greater part of the abdomen e.xpnsed above; wiii-s usually present, and when ivit in use folded beneath the short elytra; dorsal pari of the abdomen entirely horn-like in texture; tar- sal joints varying in iininber. i^ubseries A. Bkachelytka Ci^\.vIC0R^'IA. p, 243. "The number of the family to which these subdivisions belong is also included in parenthesis. KEYS TO FAMILIES OF GLAVICORNIA. 243 aa. Elytra usually long, covering the greater part of the abdomen; when short the wings wanting or, if present, not folded under the Short elytra when at rest; dorsal part of the abdominal segments partly membranous. h. Tarsal joints on at least one pair of tarsi, five in number. Subseries B. Pentambea Clavicoknia, p. 24o. hb. Tarsal joints on all the tarsi less than five in number. c. Tarsi four-jointed (front ones three-jointed in the males of some Slycetophagidfie). Subseries C. Tkteameea Clavicornia, p. 2Ttti. oc. All the tarsi three-jointed. Subseries D. Trimeea Clavicoenia, p. 247. Subseries A. BRACHELTTKA GLAYICOBNIA. This group or subseries comprises but two families, whose mem- bers subsist for the inost part upon decaying animal or vegetable matter, or occur beneath stones, in rotten wood or in the nests of iints. KEY TO families OF BBACHELYTBA CLAYICORNIA. a. Alidomen not flexible ; ventral segments 5 or ; form short, robust ; max- illary palpi usually greatly developed and variable in form ; tarsi with not more than three joints ; length less than 3.5 mm. Family X. Pselaphid.-b, p. 305. uu. Abdomen flexible or capable of being curled upward ; seven or eight segments visible from below ; form usually narrowed and elongated. Family XI. Staphy-linid^, p. 334. Subseries B. FEN TAMER A CLAVICORNIA. This group is composed, for the most part, of land and water scavenger beetles whose office it is to hasten the decomposition and removal of dead organic matter. They occur upon dead animals, under the bark of dead trees and on decaying fungi, fruit, etc. Of them Le Baron has written: "The only other insects which can be compared with these in usefulness as scavengers, is the extensive family of JMuscidas, in the two-winged flies. It is interesting to ob- serve the order in which these various tribes of scavenger insects perform their respective parts. First come the Muscidae, which, in the form of carrion flies, deposit their eggs or fly-blows upon dead animal matter at the first moment of decay, and, in very hot weather almost immediately after life has ceased. Soon after these come the carrion beetles, the Silpha^ and Necrophori, whose larvee, like the maggots of the flesh flies, are seen reveling in the putrescent matter at the most offensive stage of decomposition. When -the softer parts have been devoured and only the osseous and liga- 24-4 SERIES n. — CLAVICORXIA. mentary portions remain, other families of scavengers succeed., namely, the skin-beetles. Dermestidse, and the bone-beetiLes, Xecrobii and Xitidulae. which adhere to the dried carcass as long as any vestige of animal matter remains. ' ' The following families of this sniiseries are represented in In- diana: KEY TO FAMILIES OF PE^'TAS1EK.\ CLAVICOB>"IA. a. Ventral segments all free and movable. 6. Mentum large, the palpi distant at base. c. Eyes present ; habits ;iquatlc or subaquatic ; mentum quadrate, its hind angles not prolonged; antennfe -^hort. rii- less than eleven- jointed; maxillary palpi as long as or longer than the antennse. Family VI. HYDBOPHii.iD.i:, p. 247. cc: Eyes wanting ; habits terrestrial ; mentum transverse, its hind an- gles prolonged ; antenn£e rather Ion?, eleven-jointed, its outer joints but slightly thicker. Family VII. Leptixidj, j>. 271. 66. Mentum moderate or small, the palpi close tosether at base. (7. Front cox^e conical. e. Front c-oxje transvei-sely prolonged at middle, but slightly promi- nent; thorax (in our species i serrate at margin; abdomen with Hve visible segments, the first not eh^ngated; antenna? with the last three joints somewhat but not suddenly enlarged; length less than 5.'j mm. Family XXX. Debodontid.e. p. ImO. rr. Front cox.L- large, prominent, not transversely prolonged at mid- dle. f. Hind cfix;!:; more or less conical and prominent. g. Eyes finely granulated, sometimes absent ; hind coxie usually contiguous; antermse usually with a compact club, but oftentimes nearly filiform (burying and carrion beetles). Family VIII. Silphidje, p. 272. f/'i. Eyes coarsely granulated; hind coxie seiiarated: length less than 3 mm. Family IX. Sltdm-Exid.e. p. 2!tl. ff. Hind C'xie not prominent. Ii. Auteume long, slenrlor. simetiim-; hair-like: i-lytra shorter than alidonien. the latter thick, conical, and i>ointed. its 1.1SI vciiti-al elongate: tarsi long and slender: length Ies~ tlian .J mm. Family XIII. SrAPHioiiD.E. p. 40(;». Iili. Antennae mi derate in length, capitate: hind 'OXje ^rmoved for the n.'eption of the thi^rlis in reiMise; bexly usually ^ealy nr pubes.eut: el.vtra entiie; length li'-s than lir mm. Family XXIV. DER\ri;>TiD.E. p. "^7. liil. Front coxae not conical, not prominent. i. Front coxfe rounded or oval. /. Hind ooxfe not grooved to re.nive the thighs. J:. Hind coxre contiguous: bi.dy very compact and convex, ely- tra entirely covering it : antenna? with a three-jointed club ; length less than " ram. Family XIV. Phaiacbid.e. p. 407. KEY TO FAMILIES OP CLAVICOENIA. 245 kk. Hind coxiE separated. /. First ventral segment elongated ; form elongate, slender ; antenna 1 ehib two-jointed. Subfamily (XLIV). Lyctina', p. s!.)l. II. All the ventral segments subequal, TO. Middle coxal cavities not closed on the outer side by the meeting of the meso- and metasterna; form very de- pressed ; antennae sometimes clubbed but more often with the outer joints scarcely thickened. Family XXI. Cxicujid^, p. ."iiill. tnm. Jliddle coxal cavities closed by the sterna; prosternum prolonged, meeting the mesosternum. n. Front coxal cavities open behind; antennae with their terminal joints distinctly enlarged ; surface pubes- cent and densely punctate; form oval or elongate- oval ; length less than 4 mm. Family XXII. Ceyptophagid^, p. 569. 'fill. Front coxal cavities closed behind; all the tarsi dis- tinctly five-jointed. Grdup (XVIII). Daciies, p. ."144. jj. Hind coxal plates grooved to receive the thighs; prosternum prolonged behind and fitting into a notch of mesosternum ; antenuEe with a three-jointed club ; length less than 5 mm. Geuus (XXXVIII). Throscus, p. 775. a. Front coxte transverse. o. Hind coxae flat, not grooved. p. Antennae straight. (/. Tarsi more or less dilated, first joint not short, the fourtli smaller than any of the others; antennaj with a three- jointed club ; elytra usually shorter tlian the abdomen, the latter with five segments visible beneath ; color rare- ly wholly black. FamilyXX^'I. XrrinrLiD.-E, p. CliS. (jr/. Tarsi slender, the first joint short. r. All the tarsi with five joints, the first or basal joint very short; form elongate, usually depressed; length fi or more mm. Family XXVIII. Tkooositiixis, p. (i(U. ;■;•. All the tarsi with joints 1 to 4 short ; hind tarsi with but four joints; form convex; length less than 3 mm. Family (XLVIII). SpiiiNUin.^i:, p. 901. /)/). Antenna' elbowed and with a short compact club; tibiae usually all dilated; elytra usually truncate and shorter than abdomen ; form short, compact ; black, rarely bi- colored. Family XXV. Histerid^, p. 598. 00. Hind coxae grooved to receive the thighs in repose; body rounded or oval, convex ; legs retractile. Family XXXI. Byrehid^, p. G71. na. Ventral segments 1 to 3 firmly united (not movable), the others free and movable; all the tarsi five-jointed. 246 SERIES II. CLAVICORNIA. s. Last joint of tarsi, long, claws lavi,'e ; head retractile, the month pro- tected by the presternum ; aquatic or subaquatic species. Family XXXIII. 1'ahmd^, p. x2. Ml. Fonn cylindrical; thorax prolonged over the head; length less than .'i.."! mm. Family (XLVII). Cioid.e. p. S'.ri. Off. Front coxffi almost contiguous ; prosternum semimembranous ; form Small, rounded, convex; habits subaquatic; length less than 1 mm. Family XXXII. (jEORvssin.E, p. ('>T."i. aa. Ventral segments ^~i firmly uuited. the fifth only being movable. ?. AntemijE of regular form; tibise not dilated, not fitted for digging; front and middle coxre small, globose; length less than mm. Family XIX, ('oLvmiDiE, p. ."iID. a. Antenna? short, the outer seven joints broad and short; tibire dilated, armed with rows dt spines and fitted for digging; labrum and mandibles iir(ijectin.g forward; length less than 7 mm. Family XX.\I\'. IlETKUocF.uin.T;. ji. (1S2. THE WATEE SCAVENGER BEETLES. 247 Subseries D. TRIMERA CLAVICOBNIA. The members of this group have the tarsi all 3-jointed and the ventral segments free. They live either in fungi or feed upon plant liee. The following families of the subseries are represented in the State : KEY TO I?xially found in jionds and streams, but are less active swimmers than the majority of the diving beetles. In swim- ming they move the hind l'-?s alternately, while the Djiiseidae strike with them both togetbi-r. like a frog. Several genera are. however, terrestrial in habit, living in moist earth and in the dung of cattle. where they are said to feed upon the larrte of dipiteroas insects. The priniipal eharacters of the Hydrophilidae. briefly stated. are a,s follows : -ves large ; mentum lar»". quadrate : antennae with from six to nine joints, the outer ones forming an abrupt club, of which all the joints except the fii-t are puKesr-ut : inserted under the sidles of the front behind t!ie l>ase of tlie mandibles. Thorax with episteriLa and epimera not distinct, the pros-temum very short. S' iireUum always pre'^ent. Metastemum lar^e: frequently earinate aii'I firodiiced into a long spine lif-h.ind. Hind coxae oblique, flat, i^xtendinc to ^idcs nf abdomen, the latter with five visible st-grnent^. Tarsi •")- jointed, the fir-r joint often tcfa- ^niaTl. the middle and hind ones sometinM-s compressed and fring -'1 for -wimming. As their common name denot'^^. the water scavenger be-th?-? are ^ufi|iOs.?d to li\'e upon dccomi".^ing aquatic vegetation, but the larvae are earnivorf>ui and often catch and eat living insects and water snails, lliese larvae re>'nible S'lrne^rhat th'ise of the diviiig lieetle-. but the body is more plump and the mandil'les sh"iter and u.saally toothed. The eggs of the larger species are encased by the female in a waterproof receptacle, formed of a silk-like secretion. The,-e egg-cases, which sometim-^s contain 100 or more eggs, are either fastened on the under side of leaves of water plants, or are aEowed to float free. In a few iri^'anees the cases are carried about by the mother on the under side of her horly until the young hat>T)op^is of the Hydn.pbilidae of the Unit'd Stat^^." r,\ Proe. Phil. Acad. Xat. >.-:., x\\_ 1^5.5 .3.-,e;_:37.5. Born. — 'E'^i.-ision of the Genera and Sp^^ci^-^ of the Tribe Hy- drobiini."" in Proc. Xmf-r. Phil. .^oe.. XIII. 1-73. 11^-137. Horn. — ^' Synoptic Tables of ^ me 1 i nera of < .If^.pt.-ra," in Traijs. Amer. Entom. S.m?.. V. l-7o. ■2."il. Born. — "X..t.'=; on the St ■•- of is. hthebiw of Boreal Amer- . iea.'" in Trans. Am. Ent. S. . XVII. 1 -m 17-26. THE WATER SCAVENOEE BEETLES. 249 Horn. — "Notes on some Hydrobiini of Boreal America," loo. cit., 237-278. Born. — "A Revision of the Spliffiridiini Inhabiting Boreal Amer- ica," loc. cit., 279-314. Wickham.— "The Hydrophilidffi of Ontario and Quebec," in Can. Ent., XXVII, 1895, 181, 213. About 170 species of HydrophilidcE are known from the United i^tates. These are distributed among foiir tribes, all of which are represented in Indiana. KEY TO TBIBES OF HYDROPHILID.E. o. Thorax narrower than elytra, usually narrowed behind ; form elongate ; sculpture usually rough ; length less than 6 mm. Tribe I. Helophoeini, p. 249. aa. Thorax at base as wide as elytra, narrowed In front ; form usually con- vex, oval or elliptical ; sculpture usually weak. h. Middle and hind tarsi with first joint short. c. Metasternura prolonged into a distinct spine; tarsi compressed. Tribe II. Htdeophilini, p. 254. cc. Metastemum not prolonged ; tarsi not compressed. Tribe III. Hydkobiini, p. 257. hi). Middle and hind tarsi with the first joint elongated; length less than 3.5 mm. (except in Sphwridium). Tribe IV. SPH^KionNi, p. 265. Tribe I. HELOPHORINI. Small oblong or elongate aquatic species, gray or brown, more or less tinged with bronze in color. They occur in pools, where they cling to aquatic plants and may be readily taken by stirring up the mud and plants at the bottom, when the beetles will rise to the sur- face. They swim but poorly and are unable to div(» rapidly. Of the five genera into which the tribe has been sc^parated, rppresenta- tives of four occiu' in Indiana. KF.Y TO INWANA OENEKA OF HEI.OPIIOTilNI. II. Elytra with ten strise or rows of i)iinetures; maxillary palpi moderate. h. Last joint of maxillary palpi longer than the next to last. c. Antennas nine-jointed. I. Helophokxis. cc. Antennae seven-joinfed. II. Hydrochus. 66. Last joint of maxillary palpi shorter than the next to last. III. OCHTHEBIUS. (Id. Elytra with more than ten rows of punctures ; maxillary palpi very long. IV. Hyde^na. 250 FAMILY ri. HYDE0P1IILII)-K. I. Helophori'S Fab. 1776. (Gr.. "tubercle -i- bearing.") Thorax rough, with granulate depressions, and marked with five longitudinal sulci, of which the intermediate, or those on either side of the middle one. are often verj^ sinuous. Five species have been taken in Indiana, while one other may occur. KEY TO I?«DIAXA SPECIES OF HELOPHOEU.';. fl. Elytra without tubercles or alternate elovated lines. I). Larger. .i-T mm.; head and thorax shining, sparsely punctate; inter- mediate sulcu.s but slightly undulate. obloxgus 66. Smaller, not over 4..j mm. c. Thorax with hind angles obtuse, not narrowed at base ; color plc- eous-brown. fl. Thcrax with sides feebly rounded in front, nearly straight be- hind ; intermediate sulci strongl.v sinuate. 47s. lacustris. (1(1. Thorax with sides regularly rounded ; intermediate sulci nearly straight. 470. xitidulus. cc. Thorax with hind angles rectangular. c. Thorax slightly narrowed at base, its sides subsinuate; color light brownish-yellow with indistinct fuscous markings. 480. LIXEATUS. cc. Thorax not narrowed at base, sides nearly straight. 4S1. LIXEARIS. (la. Elytra with tubercles on the third, fifth and seventh intervals. 4S2. TUBEKCULATCS. H. ohlongus Lee. was, like larustris and iiifiduhis. described from Lake Superior, and like them may occur in northern Indiana. 478 (1543). Helophobis lacusteis Lee. Agass. Lake Sup.. IS.'O. 217. Oblong, subdepressed. Piceous-brown. slightly bronzed ; head and thorax tinged with gi-eenish; legs reildish-brown. Thorax two-thirds wider than long, covered with rounded flattened granules; sulci narrow, deep, the in- termediate ones strongly sinuate. Punctured strire of elytra deep. Length 4-4.5 mm. Lake and Laporte counties ; scarce. ^May 12-August 26. 479 (1.54."i). IlEi.oPHOKrs AiTiDfLUs Lee, Proc Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., VII. IS.V,, 357. Elongate, subdepressed. Piceims-bi-own, shining, distinctly bronzed; legs pale, the femora darker. Thorax one-half wider than long, the sulci broader and more shallow than in Uk iistri.'i. the intermediate ones but slightly sinu- ous. Intervals of elytra more narrow, the stri:e deep. Length .^-3.5 mm. Lake County, uc.ir Osborn and Pine; rare. April 21-May 2i. Till' WATICK SC'AVRXdRR liEKTrjCS. 251 ■iSO (1550). IIelophoeiis lineatus Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., III. 200 ; ibid. II, 128. Elongate-obliiui,', Ab(]-\-e light brown with a greenish tinge; elytra often with fiiser.iis markings, of which an inverted A' on snture behind middle and two spots each side are most olivions; antennas and legs pale. Inter- mediate snlci of thora.x, deep, narrow, very strongly curved or subangulate near middle. Elytral stri;e with deep, dilated transverse punctures. Length 2.8-.3.5 mm. (Fig. 124.) Throughout the State; frequent. April 11-Oc- ''^-^^^i x lo tober 17. (Original.) 4S1 (l.'ii^c). Helophoeus linearis Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1S55, Elongate, slender. Dull brownish-yellow ; head and thorax tinged with greenish ; el.vtra clouded with fuscous. Thorax one-half wider than long, granulate; intermediate sulci feebly sinuate. Length 3 mm. ]\lillers, Lake County; rare. Jlav 2r>. Recorded from Buffalo, New York, Nebraska and Canada. 482 (1553). Helophorus tuberoulatus Gyll., Ins. Suec, 1827. Elongate, convex. Dull black, tinged with greenish. Tliird elytral in- terval with four elevations, the basal one oblong; fifth and seventh each with three. Length 3.5 mm. Beneath rubbish close to water on beach of Lake Michigan, near Pine and Millers, Lake County; scarce. April 23-June 24. II. Hydrochi'S Leach. 1817. (Gr., "relating to water.") Thorax much narrower than elytra, its breadth being equal to or (!nly slightly exceeding the length; disk usually marked with small cups or fovea'. The following species have been taken or may oc- cur in the State. KEY TO I.\niANA SPECIES OF HYDROCHUS. CI. Larger. 5.'> mm. ; elytra with intervals flat and much wider than striie. the fourth with hu-^xe oblique tubercles. scabratus. (la. Smaller, not over 4.5 mm.; intervals convex. b. Thorax with tive more or less disthi(;t foveie or cup-shaped impres- sions, c. Strin> of elytra as wide as or wider than intervals; thorax with granules between the punctures. (1. Sides of thorax distinctly sinuate near base, not crenulate ; length ;!.s-4 mm. i^-''- squamifkr. ihl. Sides of thorax finely crenulate. f. Smaller, not over .'I mm.; sides of thorax subsinuate. 484. IN^ISQIALIS. 252 PAiJiLY vj. — TiYimopinLiD-E. ee. Larger, 3.5-3.8 mm. ; sides of thorax not sinuate. 485. EXCAVATUS. cc. Intervals of elytra wider than strise; thorax without granules be- tween the punctures. 486. subcupkeur. 66. Thorax without distinct fovere, its surface densely and finely granu- late. 487. GKANXJIATDS. H. scabrntus ihils. is recorded fri)m New York to Iowa and southward. 4s:; (1562). IlyDROCHi's squamieee Lee., Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1855, 359. Elongate. Above grayish-bronzed or cupreous; head and thorax tinged with greenish and darker than elytra ; beneath dull reddish-brown, legs and palpi paler. Thorax scarcely wider than long, sides sinuate ; disk coarsely and rather closely punctate, the intervals with flattened gran- ules. Elytra deeply striate ; third interval a little higher than second, fourth elevated from the middle half way to apex, fifth elevated like the third but interrupted oii- posite the elevation of fourth. Length 3.7 mm. (Kg. 125.) Fig 1^ X 9 Lake and Marion counties ; scarce. May 25-Au- (briginal.) ' g^^ 20. 484 (1558). Hydbochus in^-equalis Lee, Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1855, 359. Elongate. Above dark reddish-brown, slightly bronzed; legs paler. Thorax roughly and densely punctate, slightly longer than wide; dorsal foveas very distinct. Elytra deeply striate, the fifth, seventh and ninth intervals elevated and interrupted behind the middle, giving the appear- ance of a transverse impression ; fourth elevation opposite break in third. Length 3 mm. Lawrence County, from pond near University farm ; scarce. Ang'ust 7. A species of southern ransv. 4S."i (1.559). IlYDUOCHiis [Cxc.WATUS Lcc., Proe. Pliil. Acad. Nat. Sci., A'il, 1855, 360. Elongate. Blackish-bronzed ; legs reddisli-brown. Thorax •■ibout as wide as long, the fove:u distinct, the basal ones .■smaller. Elytral intervals imrrow, the fourth, fil'th and seventh eU'vatod, the fifth iuterrnpted. T/ength 3.5-3.9 mm. Lake and Laporte counties; scai'ce. T\ray 25. 4S(i (1560). Hydbochus subcupbeus Rand., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, II. 1838, 40. Elongate, rather slender. Brown, with a distinct brassy tinge ; beneath piceous; legs reddish-brown, knees darker. TTiorax subquadrate, not wider than long; disk with fovefe less distinct than in excavatiis; coarsely, deeply, not densely punctate. Elytra with intervals convex, distinctly wider than THE WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES. 253 striaj, fifth slightly elevated and interrupted behind the middle ; fourth ele- vated opposite the break in fifth; the others almost uniform. Lengtli 3.5 mm. Starke County ; rare. August 20. "'■''^' ( )• Hydeochus gkanulatus sp. nov. Elongate, slender. Abo\-e piceous with a greenish or olivaceous tiuge ; beneath piceous, legs dark reddish- or fuscous brown. Thorax a little longer than wide, sides almost straight; surface, as well as that of head, finely and very densely granulate-punctate, the fnvea? very faint. Elytral striiu wider than intervals, the latter very narmw. the fourth interrupted behind the middle, fifth almost wholly wanting or not convex. Length :!.S-^ mm. Lake County; rare. April 29. An unnamed sixjciiiicn is also in the LeConte collection at Cambridge, labelled "Illinois." III. OcHTiJEBius Lcacli, 1ST7. (dr., "shore i to live.") A^ery small brown, lilaek or piceous species having the thorax narrowed at base, with a transpai'cnt side margin, and the disk with impressed lines or fovea', quite similar to those of Eelophorua, but interrupted. They occur in or about the edges of small pools and woodland ponds ; also on the under side of stones in running water. One undescribed species has been taken in the State, while three described by LeConte have a range which may include Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF OCHTHEBIUS. (/. Thorax abruptly sinuately narrowing from in front of middle to basi' and with a distinct angulation at middle of sinuation, all the diseal impressions well marked. foveicolus. iia. Thorax abraptly sinuate from the middle, or more or less notched near the hind angles. 6. Thorax with well marked diseal fovese. c. Form oblong-oval, subdepressed ; elytral punctures obsolete near apex. NiTiDUs. CO. Form short, broadly oval, strongly convex ; elytral punctures dis- tinct to apex. 488. putnamensis. &&. Thorax vrithout diseal foveas, coarsely punctate, the lateral fovefe deep and broad. ckibeicollis. 0. foveicollis Lee, 1.2-2.5 mm., 0. nitidis Lee, 1.8 mm., and 0. rribricollis Lee, 2 mm. in length, all piceous-bronzed in hue, may occur in northern Indiana. 4SS ( ). OniTItKBIUS PUTNAMIONSIS Sp. UOY. Short, oval, strongly convex. Elytra black, shining; head and thorax bronzed ; legs reddish-brown. Thorax twice as wide as long, sides rounded from apex to basal third, thence oblique and feebly sinuate to base; disk l'o4 FAiriLY VI. — IIYDHOPIilLID,??. tiuelj- auil sijarsely imnctate, its sides broadly flattened; median gi-oove wide and deep, discal foveiu separated, the hind nnes oblique and larger tiian those In front ; lateral ones broad, shallow and but slightly tuiTed. Elytra with rows of large quadrate punctures. Length 1.5 mm. Putnam County; rare. October 17. Sifti-d from debris at side of hillside spring, ilr. Blanchard, who compared the specimen with those at Cambridge, writes that "the short convex form is quite different from any of our named species." IV I-lYnR.ENA Kug. 1794. (Gr., "to wash or bathe.") Our single member of this genus is smaller than any of those belonging to the two preceding genera. The thorax is subquadrate, about three-fourths the width of elytra, and the latter are marked with more than ten rows of punctures. 4,srosternal groove open in front; elytra with discal yellow stripes. 496. STEI0L.4Trs. 4!)2 n.jS;0). TuopisTEHNUs xiMBATUs Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei., Ill, 1823, 205 ; ibid. II, 130. Elongate-oval, convex. Olivaceous black, shining; clypeus, thorax and elytra margined with pale yellow; under surface black or piceous; legs yellow, femora black at base. Length s.2-9 mm. (Fig. 127.) Throughout the State ; common. March 14^ October 9. At electric light in June. 493 (1590). Teopistebni's mixtus Lee. Proc. Phil. Fig. 127. X 4. (Original.) ^^cad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1855, SOS. Elongate-fival. convex. Black, more or less bronzed, shining ; antennse, base of palpi and apical halves of femora and tibise brownish-yelloAv. Elytra with coarser and finer punctures intermingled, these visible only under a lens. Length 8.5-9 mm. Ial"e. Laporte, Kosciusko, Putnam and ]\Iartin counties; fre- quent. May 5-October 2.5. 494 (3593). Teopisteknls srsL-Bvis IjOC, Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., "VII, 1855, 308. Eli.ngate-oval. Black, feebly bronzed; antennae, palpi and legs dull yellow, base of femora piceous. Fi-ont half of sternal crest flat, finely but distinctly punctured. Length 9-10 mm. Putnam County; rare. July 8. 195 (1591). Tkopisteknus glabek Herbst, Col., YII, 398. Resembles mi.rtus but usually broader and longer. Punctures of elytra very fine and subequal in size. Front part of sternal crest concave and very coarsely punctured. Length 9.5-11 mm. Throughout the State; common. ;\[arch 16-October 23. Often found beneath rubbish along the edges of ponds and lakes. 496 (1595). TROPJhTEK>!vs sikiolatus Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VIT. 1855, .3tiS. Elongate-ova], cmivex. Olivaceous black; front of head and sides of thorax yellow; ely(i-a each with sides and six or more narrow stripes on disk yellow; under surface black, prosternum and legs brownish-yellow. Sternal crest sulcate throughout its full length. Length 9-10.5 mm. A species of southern range, taken only in Yigo and Knox co^n^ ties; scarce. Julv 9-October 28. THE WATER SCAVEXGEE BEETLES. S.) i VII. HYDROctrARis Latr. 182.3. (Clr., "water + delight.") The prostM'Duni. instead of being grooved for the reception of the front end of the sternal ercst. is entire and raised into a sharp carina. One species occurs in the State. i'JT (1597). Hydkochakis obti satis t.."i-7 mm.; transversely very convex. 506. cinctus. ec. t^nlllller. not over 5.5 mm. ; subdepressed. 507. PEKPtExus. 503 (Kliili). PHiLHYDKrs NEBT-'LOsrs Say. Long's Exped., II, 1S24, 277: ibid. I, 1S3. Oval, slightly oblong, convex. Above variable from pale to dull brown- ish-yellow, shining ; head and under-surface pieeous. Thorax and elytra sparsely and Indistinctly punctured, the usiial rows of coarser punctures scarcely visible. Length 3.5—1.5 mm. Throughout the State; common. ^lay l.l-Oetober 2i. 504 (1630). Philhydecs ochbaceis ilelsh., Proc. Phil. Aead. Nat. Sii., II, 1844, 101. Elliptical, less convex. Above pale pieeous or dull smoky brown, shining ; head darker, with a pale space in front of each eye; margins of thorax and elytra paler: beneath pieeous. the tibia- and tarsi paler. Thorax and elytra distinctly and rather closely punctate, the dorsal rows very indistinct. Length :!.5— 1 mm. (Fig. 128.) Xorthern half of State ; roinnion ; less so in the southern portion. April 2:'i-(.>ctober 26. Resem- ''torisitwi.) "■ ''^'"^ iichulosus, but smaller: prosternum not cari- nate and punctures or uppci- surface more distinct. 505 (0315). Phiehydrus iiamh.toxi Horn. '11-ans. Amer. Eut. Sor.. XVII, IS'JO, 240. Oblong-oval, moderately convex. Abuve piceous-yellow or dull brown- ish-yellow ; head piceuus : disk of thorax with an iudefluKe semicircular space darker. Punctures of thorax not very close; those of elytra a little coarser, the discal rows faint. Length 4.5-5.5 mm. Lake, Starke and Laporte counties; frequent. April 2:!-Sep- THE WATER SCAVENGER BEETLES. 261 tember 7. A member of the boreal fauna. Next in size to cinctus, but brownish instead of black, more oblong and less convex. P. diffusus Lee, is recorded from Illinois and westward. 506 *(1633). PHitHYDRts CINCTUS Say, Long's Bxped., II, 1824, 270; ibid. I, 382. Oval, slightly oblong, very convex. Blaclj, shiniiij; ; entire margin dark reddish-brown. Thorax with basal marginal line very fine and indistinct; its surface finely and evenly punctured. Elytra a little more coarsely and sparsely punctured than thorax, the dorsal rows distinct but feebly im- pressed. Length 6.5-7 mm. Throughout the State ; common. Hibernates as imago. Febru- ary 11-December 8. 507 (1636). Philhydeus perplexts Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1855, 371. Oblong-oval, fully twice as long as wide. Above piceous-black, shining ; sides of thorax and elytra with narrow iialer liorder. Thorax closely and finely punctate, its liasal marginal line always distinct. Elytral punctures coarser than those of thorax, the usual dorsal rows ferl)ly Indicated. Length 4-5.5 mm. Common throughout the northern half of State; less so in the southern portion. April 23-Oetober 23. XII. Helochares iluls. 18-1-t. (G-r., "marsh 4- rejoice. ") Very close to PhiJliydDis and formerly united with it. One spe- cies occurs in Indiana. ."lOS (1639). Helochaees macdlicollis Muls., Ann. Sc. Phys. Nat. Lyon., VII, 379. Oblong-oval, distinctly narrowed in front, subdepressed. Above dull brownish-yellow ; occiput and discal spot of thorax piceous ; under surface black or piceous. Elytra with ten rather deeply impressed rows of serrate punctures; intervals flat, finely punctulate, the fifth and ninth with a row of coarse punctures. Length 4^5.5 mm. Lawrence and Dubois counties ; scarce. Jlay 9-August 5. XIIL Cymbiodyta Bedel. 1881. (Gr., "boat -^ dive.") Small, oval, piceous or brownish species, formerly included un- der both Philhydrvs and Hydrocoinhus, but having only four joints on the middle and hind tarsi. In the species occurring in the East- ern United States the elytra are not striate, but usually have sev- eral rows of coarse punctures. One species has been taken in the State, while two others may occur. 262 FAMILY VI. — HYDROPHILID^.. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OP CYMBIODTTA. a. Form oval ; elytra witli rows of coarser punctures distinct at least on sides. 6. Color wholly piceous. fimbkiata. &6. Dull brownish-yellow; head black, with a large yellow spot in front of each eye. 509. blanchaedi. aa. Form oblong; elytra without rows of coarser punctures; piceous with a pale border. lacustbis. C. fimbriata Melsh., 4.5-5.5 mm. in length, occurs from Canada to Pennsylvania and Texas. C. lacustris Lee, 4-4.5 mm. in length, is a boreal species which may occur in northern Indiana. 509 (9319). Ctmbiodtta blanchaedi Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XVII, 1890, 258. Rather broadly oval, scarcely narrowed in front, moderately convex. Dark smoky brown ; margins of thorax and elytra paler ; head black with a reddish-yellow spot in front of each eye ; beneath piceous or brown, tarsi paler. Thorax and elytra rather closely punctate, the rows of coarser punctures represented only by a few distant punctures, except the outermost row, which is distinct. Sutural stria well impressed and reaching two-thirds to base. Length 4 mm. Steuben, Putnam and Lawrence counties; scarce. March 25- August 11. Taken on the under side of flat stones in swift running water. Resembles Philhydrtis ocJiraceus, but more broadly oval in form. XIV. Helocombt'S Horn. 1890. (Gr., "marsh 4- border.") Jlaxillary palpi very long and slender, the last joint distinctly shorter than third ; thorax without a basal marginal line ; elj^tra dis- tincly striate. One species is known from the eastern United States. 510 (1629). HELOcoMBrs bifidus Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1855, 371. Oblong-oval, subdepressed. Piceous, shining; tarsi and narrow margin of thorax and elytra paler. Thorax closely and finely punctate. Elytra rather deeply striate, the stri;ie entire except the inner three; inten-als ou sides convex, flatter on disk, rather coarsely punctate. Length 5.5-7 mm. Lakes of northern half of State, frequent ; also in ilarion and Fountain counties. April 3-August 20. XV. Hydrobius Leach. 1817. (Gr., "water -^ life.") To this genus, as now limited, belong six of the larger species of the Henshaw list. They have the last joint of the maxillary palpi always longer than the third, and the elytra with either ten rows of punctures or Ifl-striate. Three of the species have been taken in the State, while another may occur. THE WATEE 8CAVENGEE BEETLES. 263 KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OP HTDHOBIUS. a. Alternate intervals of elytra, 3-5-7-9, each with a row of coarse punc- tures ; elytra black or piceous. 6. Elytra with well marked stri£e; form oblong. 511. fuscipes. 66. Elytra with rows of flue punctures ; form short and very convex. c. Hind femora merely closely punctate near base, not pubescent. 512. TUMIDUS. cc. Hind femora densely punctulate and pubescent near base and along the upper border. 513. globosus. aa. Alternate intervals of elytra without rows of coarse punctures ; elytral striae deep, the scutellar well marked; elytra pale brown with scat- tered small dark spaces. tesseixatds. 511 (1653). Hydbobius fuscipes Linn., See Muls. Col. France, Palplc, 122. Oblong-convex. Above piceous-black, shining; beneath black, the tarsi paler. Thorax finely and closely punctate. Elytra striate the two inner and scutellar striae indistinct at base ; striae closely punctate ; intervals flat, not densely puuctulate. Length 6.5-8 mm. Lake, Starke and Kosciusko counties ; frequent beneath rubbish along the beaches of lakes. April 23-August 20. Probably occurs throughout the State. Resembles Eelacombus iifidus, but more convex and with shorter maxillary palpi, the last joint longer than the preceding. 512 (1648). Hydeobics tdmidus Lee.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VII, 1S55, 372. Oval, very little longer than wide, very convex. Piceous-black, shining, slightly bronzed; beneath black, legs piceous, tarsi paler. Thorax rather closely and equally punctate and with coarser punctures in semicircular row on sides. Elytra with ten rows of punctures, the first and second rows not complete ; intervals flat, more coarsely punctured than in globosus. Length 8-S.5 mm. Kosciusko and Marion counties; scarce. April 3-October 22. 513 (1652). Hydbobius globosus Say, Long's Exped., II, 1824, 276; ibid. I, 182. Shorter, broader, more hemispherical than timiidus, which it closely resembles. Surface similarly punctured, but in each part more finely ; dorsal rows .of punctures more distinct. Hind femora with basal third opaque, punctured and slightly pubescent. Scutellar stria dis- tinct. Length 7.5 mm. (Fig. 129.) So far taken in Indiana only in swift water at mouth of Donaldson's Cave, near Mitchell, Law- Fig. m. rence County; niavce. Should occur throughout the State. May 5-September 11. H. tessellaius Zieg., 7-7.5 mm. in length, is said to occur from Canada to Illinois and southward, but rare in every locality. 264 FAMILY VI. HYDEOPHILID^. XVI. Ckeniphilus Mots. 1845. (G-r., "noteli or bay + loving.") Very small, convex elliptical or oblong beetles, baving the punc- tures of elytra confused, thorax without a basal marginal line, and also "without the rows of large coarse punctures usually seen in the species of Hydrohkis. They usually occur in numbers amongst the decaying aquatic plants along the margins of pools and lakes. Three species havp been talfen in Indiana, while two others should occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CKENIPHILUS. a. Form oblong, fully twice as long as wide ; tarsi slender, the hind pair fully as long as ttie tibise; elytra distinctly narrowed almost from humeri to tips ; color piceous, shining, the side margins of both thorax and elytra pale. sutdeaus. aa. Form broadly oval, not much longer than wide, very convex ; tarsi stouter, the hind pair shorter than the tibise. 6. Prosternum distinctly carinate. c. Elytra distinctly punctate ; antennse eight-jointed. 514. SCBCUPEEUS. cc. Elytra very indistinctly punctate; antennae nine-jointed. - 515. DESPECTrS. 66. Presternum absolutely simple. d. Black with a bronzed tinge; surface distinctly punctured; hind femora strigose lengthwise and sparsely punctate. digestus. dd. Dull piceous without tinge of bronze ; surface indistinctly punc- tate ; hind femora densely punctulate and pubescent. 516. INPUSCATUS. C. suturalis Lee, length 1.5-2 mm., and C. digestus Lee, 2.5- 3.5 mm. in length, are both said to occur from Canada southward to Georgia and New Mexico. 514 (1657). Cbeniphilus subcupreus Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., V. 1825, 189 ; ibid. II. 293. Elliptical, convex. Above piceous, distinctly bronzed, the margins of elytra often paler toward apex; beneath dark reddish-piceous, the tarsi paler. Thorax and elytra equally, not closely punctate. Length 1.5-2 mm. Common along the margins of lakes in the northern part of the State; less so in the southern counties. April 23- August 26. 515 (1658). ( Cbeniphilus despeotus Lee, New Sp. N. Amer. Col., 1863, 25. Closely resembles snhcupreus, but smaller and transversely more con- vex. Surface more distinctly brassy, alutaceous with minute punctures, sparsely placed. Length 1.5 mm. Marshall and Putnam counties; searc-e. April 17-Oetober 17. 516 (1655). Cbeniphilis tnfuscatis .Alots., Bull. Mosc, III, 1S57. 177. Oval, very convex. Piceous or dark fuscous, the margins of thorax and elytra paler. Antennai nine-jointed, the club darker. Thorax very THE WATEK SCATENOEK BEETLES. 265 finely and indistinctly punctate, mure coarsely at the sides. Elytra more coarsely but less closely punctate than thorax. Femora of all the legs densely punctulate and pubescent. Length 2-2.5 mm. IMarion and Putnam counties; scarce. April 16-October 17. Both this and the preceding- -^vei-e sifted from debris taken from the margins of hillside springs. Tribe IV. SPH^RIDIINI. To this tribe belong a number of small, convex, oval or hemi- spherical beetles, which live in damp places in decaying vegeta- tion or in the dung of herbivorous mammals. The color is usually black or piceous, with the elytra frequently spotted or margined with pale yellow and, in most genera, possessing ten rows of punc- tures or strife; legs not fitted for svrimraing; first joint of middle and hind tarsi elongate. Four genera are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF SPH/EKIDIINI. a. Sides of elytra not extended below the lower surface of body. 6. Elytra not inflexed ; epipleura horizontal, distinct ; prostemum cari- nate at middle, c. Larger species, 5 or more mm. ; scutellum elongate ; antenuse eight- jointed ; last dorsal segment visible. XVII. Sph^bidixjm. CO. Smaller species, .3 mm. or less ; scutellum equilateral ; antennae nine-jointed; last dorsal segment covered. XVIII. Cekcyon. &6. Elytra inflexed, clasping the sides of body, without distinct epi- pleura ; presternum elevated at middle, forming a large pentagonal area ; thorax not margined ; length 1.5-2 mm. XIX. Oeyptopuiurum. aa. Elytra extended below the lower surface of body, the punctuation con- fused, without trace of striae; first ventral segment not carinate; length 3-3.5 mm. XX. Phoenonotum. XVII. SPHyERiDiUM Fab. 1755. (Gr., "ball or sphere -^ little.") 517 (1662). Sph^kidium scaeab^oides Linn., Faun. Suec, 1761, 145. Oval or subglobose, convex. Above black, shining; elytra with a red- dish sub-basal spot and the apical fourth yellowish; beneath piceous, the femora spotted with paler. Thorax and elytra finely and evenly punctured, the latter without striae. Length 5.5-6.5 mm. A recently introduced European species, taken from beneath rubbish on the beach of Lake IMichigan at Pine, and Whiting, Lake County; at Lake Maxinkuckee, Marshall County, and on the shore of the Ohio River at New Albany; scarce. April 16-October 23. XVIII- Cebcyon Leach. 1817. (A mythological name.) Small black or piceous beetles with more or less yellow on the tips of elytra. They have the middle coxa' narrtiwly separated; 266 FAMILY VI. — HTDEOPHILID^. elytra usually striate; mesosternum elevated between and in front of the middle coxep. About 25 species are known from the United States, many of them being common to this country and Europe. Of these Dr. Horn states that "but a small number owe their pres- ence in our fauna to introduction by human agency. They appear to be rather members of a cireumpolar fauna, equally native in either hemisphere, and dis- tributed at a time when con- tinental division was less ab- rupt than at present. ' ' g - fc Eleven species have been Fie- 130. Fig 131 taken in Indiana and several A , middle coxal cavity. B, metasternal area. (After Horn.) ,i n i _li others doubtless occur. KEY TO INDLAITA SPECIES OF CEECYON. a. Intervals of elytra alternately higher or subcostiform at apex, the striae deep ; surface sparsely pubescent ; color pale reddish-brown. 518. pubesce:«s. aa. Intervals flat or slightly convex : surface smooth. &. Metasternal area extended on each side by an oblique line. (Fig. 130.) c. Thorax without basal marginal line, its surface wholly black. A. Elytra piceous, with pale apex; surface distinctly punctulate; palpi and antennse piceous. 519. h^mokbhoidaiis. dd. Elytra reddish, with a large scutellar triangle and humeral stripe piceous. e. Elytra very distinctly punctulate ; epipleura piceous ; palpi pale. 520. ilELANOCEPHALrS. ee. Elytra indistinctly punctulate; epipleura pale; last joint of palpi piceous. 521. PTGM^rs. cc. Thorax with distinct basal marginal line, paler at sides; elytra pale with transverse piceous band behind the middle ; palpi pale. 522. NIGBICEPS. &6. Metasternal area median only. (Fig. 131.) t Side marginal lines of thorax extending for a short distance along the basal margin ; elytra dull reddish-yellow with a large oval piceous spot on suture behind middle which extends narrowly to aP^^- rNIPUNCTATUS. tf. Side marginal lines reaching the hind angles only. g. Interval between the seventh and eighth strlse normally wide, with at least two rows of punctures. 7i. Form oval, never very convex; head oblique. /. Elytra piceous black, with a sharply limited yellowish apical space extending along the sides toward the base. 523. PR^BTEXTATXIS. THE WATEE SCAVENGEK BEETLES. 267 a. Elytra pioeous, with a common indefinite pnle space divided by the suture, but not reaching apex ; sides of thorax and humeral umbone pale. indistinctus. hh. Form short, very convex ; head vertical ; punctuation of elytral intervals more indistinct than that of thorax. }. Surface opaque, more or less alutaceous ; elytra with distinct strife; apex with a distinct pale spot. A:. Entire surface alutaceous; elytral striae fine, but reaching apex. 524. lxjgubris. kk. Elytra alone alutaceous, their striae very fine and not reaching the apex. 525. tristis. jj- Surface shining; elytral striae replaced by rows of fine punc- tures; apex with an indistinct rufous space extending slightly along the suture. 526. navicui.aris. gg. Interval between the seventh and eighth strife narrow and with but one row of punctures. /. Elytra with an indefinite pale space at apex ; color piceous or brownish. 527. analis. V. Elytra with pale space at apex sharply limited by a curved line, not extending along the side margin; color black, shin- ing. 528. OCELLATUS. 51S (1664). Cercyon pubescens Lee., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Scl., VII, 1855, 374. Oval, moderately convex, somewhat attenuate behind the middle. Dull reddish-brown, sparsely pubescent; head piceous. Thorax twice as wide as long, narrowed in front, sides curved from base to apex ; surface slightly rugose, without punctures. Elytra with nine rather deeply impressed punc- tured strise; intervals flat on basal half, convex and alternately more ele- vated at apex, very finely and sparsely punctate. Jlesosternal elevation elongate-oval, acute in front, truncate behind. Length 1.5 mm. Lawrence County ; frequent at carrion bait and on fungi. June 10-July 29. Probably throughout the State but overlooked on ac- count of small size. Said to be often abundant in dried horse dung. 519 (1666). Cercyon h^mokehoidalis Fab., Syst. Ent. 1798. 67; nigricolle Say, Ed. Lee, II, 294. Oval, moderately convex. Elytra piceous or brownish, their tips slight- ly paler than disk. Thorax closely punctate. Elytra 10-striate, the strise distinct at apex, rather closely punctate; intervals fiat, densely and rather coarsely punctulate. Length 2.5-3 mm. Marion, Putnam and Posey counties; frequent. April 6-Octo- ber 17. This is the species listed as fl.avipes Fab. and nigricolle Say. 520 (1672). Cercyon melanocephalus Liim., Faun. Suec, 1761, 144. Oval, slightly oblong, moderately convex. Head and thorax piceous or black, shining; elytra usually reddish with a triangular piceous sp.ice ex- tending from base one-half or more to apex and a subhumeral stripe pic- 268 FA5IILT VI. — HYDEOPHILID^. ecus; legs, antemife and palpi dull reddish-brown. Thorax with sides regu- larly curved from base to apex, surface rather finely and closely punctate. Elytra 10-striate. f lie strife punctate and distinctly impressed at apex ; in- tervals finely but distinctly punctulate. Length 2-2..5 mm. Clarion aud Posey cniintips; scfirro. April (i-April 13. .".21 (167S). Ceecyox pygji.eus Illlg., Mag. I, 1802, 40. Oval, slightly oblong. Color given In key; antenniie dull yellow, club darker ; legs and epipleura pale. Thorax with sides regularly curved from base to apex, disk rather closely but not deeply punctate. Elytra striate, tenth stria indistinct; intervals flat, sparsely and iadistinctly punctate. Prosternum distinctly earinate. Length l..'3-2 mm. Posey County ; rare. April 13. Taken beneath bark of fungus- eovered log. The dark area of elytra varies much in size. 522 (1674). Cekcyos nigeiceps Marsh., Ent. Brit, 1802, 72. (;)val, moderately convex. Piceous, shining; sides of thorax paler; ely- tra dull reddish-yellow, with an indefinite common fuscous band behind the middle. Thorax with sides narrowed from base to apex, disk finely, not closely punctate. Elyti-a rather deeply striate, the striae distinctly punc- tate ; intervals feebly convex, very minutely punctate. Length 1.2-2 mm. Clarion County ; rare. April 23. Taken by sifting. ('. unipuncfatus Linn., sides of thorax pale, length 3 mm., is said to range from Canada to Illinois. 523 (1675). Ceecyon pk.^dtextati-s Say. Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, 1825. 190; ibid. II, 294. Oval, moderately convex. Piceous black, shining; front angles of thorax and a large, sharply defined space at ai)ex and along margins of elytra, yellowish ; antenuoe dull yellow, the club darker. Thorax transverse, closely and evenly punctate. Elytra with ten impressed rows of close-set punctures: intervals closely punctate, more siiarsely near apex and on sides. Length 2.5-;^ mm. (Fig. l;32.) Fig. 132, x8. Throughout the State; frequent. April 15-Oc- toher IS. Often found in dead fish or beneath rub- bish along tlic sandy margins of ponds and lakes. A large and well marked species. C. ■iiirlifttiiicfus Horn, 2.5-3 mm. in length, was described from Canada and Pennsylvania. 524 (0:l:U). Cercy<),\ u-ornKis Payk., Faun. Siioc, 1, 1708. 51). Oval, cnnvex, narrower behind. Piceous lilack, subopaqne ; elytra at apex with a well-defined pale spa.c which extends alon.tc the side margin. Thorax with sides rosuhirly curved ; disk finely, rather sparsely and evenly THE WATER SCAVENGEB BEETLES. 269 punctate. Elytra finely striate on disk, more distinctly impressed ;it sides and apex, the tenth stria wanting; intervals flat, not distinctly imiictate. Length 1.5-2 mm. Kosi'iusko County; rare. August 5-October 21. 52.5 (9335). (Jekcyom tristis Illig., Mag. I, 1802, 109. Resembles Jugiibris very closely but rather smaller and more narrow. Klytral strim replaced by rows of fine punctures not closely placed, which are nearly obsolete on sides and apex ; intervals flat, punctulate near the base only. Length 1.5 mm. Pine, Lake County and along margins of cypress swamp, Knox County; scarce. Taken from dead crayfish and at sap. Jilay 1- May 28. 52G (1671). Cercyon navicuiaris Zimm., Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, II, 1869, 250. Oval, strongly convex, narrower behind the middle. Piceous black, shining; elytra often slightly paler at tip and along suture; antenn:e. palpi and legs dull reddish-yellow. Thorax almost smooth, the sides regularly cui-ved from base to apex. Elytra very convex, their sides rapidly sloping downward; strise represented by rows of very fine punctures which are more distinct at sides and apex ; Intervals very sparsely and flnely punc- tate. Body beneath shining, sparsely punctate. Length 1.5-1.7 mm. Starke, Jlarshall, Kosciusko and Parke counties; scarce. May 20-July 2. Sifted from masses of damp leaves along the borders of pools in low moist woods. 527 (1680). Cercyon analis I'ayk., Faun. Suec., I, 170s, ]S7. Oval, moderately convex. I'iceous black or browni.sh, shining; elytr.i with a pale space at ai)ex whicli varies mucli in size. Blytral striae equal from base to apex, closely but ncjt ciiarsely punctate, the tenth very dis- tinct ; intervals flat, densely punctate except the eighth, which has but a single row of punctures. Length 2-2.5 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. April 15-October 17. .528 (1677). Cercyon ocellatus Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, 1825, 190; ibid. II, 294. Oval, slightly oblong, convex. Piceous blacli, shining ; el.\tra with sharply defined pale apical space occupying about one-third the t^urface. the suture piceous to apex. Thorax with sides regularly curved from base to apex; surface, as well as that of head, rather cuarsely and clii^ely punc- tate. Elytral strife feebly impressed, but with rather large, closely placed punctures, those of the outer rows the coarser and deeiier ; intervals flat, distinctly punctulate near the base, much less so on apical third. Meta- stemal area shining, sparsely punctate ; mesosternal elevation oval ; pro- sternum distinctly carinate. Length 1.8-2 mm. Kosciusko, Marshall, Vigo, Knox and Jennings counties; com- mon. May 1-October 9. 270 FAHILT VI. — HTDEOPHILID^. XIX. Cryptopleuedm I\Iu1s. 1844. (Gr., "hidden + breast.") This genus differs from Cercyon by having the prosternum ele- vated before the front coxae to form a rather large, five-sided area widely separating the coxs ; mesosternum with a similar area widely separating the middle coxa3; metasternal area broad, extending across the body ; sides of thorax reflexed and angulate near middle, the angle not visible from above. Two species are known, both of which occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CEYPTOPIEDEUM. (/. Elyti-al intervals distinctly punctate throughout their entire extent; striiB not conspicuously coarsely punctate. 529. minutum. 00.. Elytral intervals feebly punctate on basal half only; strife coarsely punctured at base. 530. amebicanum. 529 (1690). Ceyptopleueijm minutum Fab., Syst. Ent, 1798, 68. Rather broadly oval, more narrowed behind than in front, convex. Piceous black, feebly shining; elytra with an indefinite pale space at tip; antennse and palpi piceous. Thorax narrowed from base to apes, sides feebly curved, surface rather coarsely punctate. Elytra rather deeply stri- ate ; inteiwals slightly convex, closely and distinctly punctulate and sparse- ly pubescent. Length 1.5-2 mm. Kosciusko, I\Iarion and Vigo counties; scarce; April 12-Octo- ber 9. Taken in decaying fungi and beneath dead turtles and chickens. In one specimen at hand the pale reddish space at apex of elytra extends over three-fourths of the surface. 530 (9339). CETPTOPLEt'ErM amebicanum Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent Soc, XVII, 1890, 311. Resembles minutum in form and color; autennte and palpi pale red- dish-yellow. Thorax more coarsely punctate than the head. Elytra deeply striate, strise coarsely and closely punctate near base, more finely on apical half ; intervals sparsely and finely punctate on basal half only, lletastemal area more coarsely and sparsely punctured than in minutum. Length 1.7- 2 mm. Jlarion and Crawford counties; scarce. March 23-April 23. Known heretofore only from Ohio. XX. PH.a;NONOTUM Sharp. 18S2. (Gr., "to show -f back.") Rather small black species having the antennae 9-jointed, the club joints loosely united; prosternum short, not carinate between the coxffi. 531 (1685). Ph^nonotuh esteiatum Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., I, 171; ibid. II, 016. Rather broadly oval, strongly convex. Piceous black, shining; antennse dull yellow, the club fuscous. Thorax very finely punctate. Elytra more THE MAMMAL NEST BEETLES. 271 coarsely punctured than thorax, the punctures not distant one from an- other more than their own diameter. Length 3-i mm. Lake, Marshall, Starke, Kosciusko and Steuben counties; fre- quent. May 20-October 26. Family VII. LEPTINID^. JIammal Nest Beetles. This family is represented in Indiana by a single small, flat beetle, having the antennae slender and 11-jointed; eyes entirely wanting ; thorax with apex truncate, base covering the base of elytra and broadly emarginate, without distinct side pieces beneath; scu- tellum distinct ; elytra rounded at tip, covering the abdomen ; front coxae small, globular, not separated by the prosternum; hind coxse narrow, transverse, meeting at middle; legs short, tibi» flattened, tarsi 5- jointed. But two species of the family are known from North America. One inhabits the Hudson Bay region; the other is common to both Europe and America and lives with small rodents and insectivora, such as mice, moles, shrews, etc., and also in the nests of bumble-bees. If the nest of a mouse or shrew be carefully removed from beneath a log or other shelter and shaken over a paper, a number of these little beetles will probably be seen scampering away as fast as their legs will carry them. Chas. Dury, of Cincinnati, took 90 specimens of the beetle from one nest and many others es- caped before he could gather them in. As to whether they are para- sites or guests of their hosts is still a mooted question, but Dury states, and my observation bears out his supposition, that he thinks them "only guests of the animals, as I have found them in nests that have long since been deserted. " It is possible that they may live upon the eggs and young of the mites, fleas and other forms of life found associated with them in the nests. It is thought by some that their original home was in the nests of bumble-bees, where they fed upon honey and pollen, and that they merely make use of the mice and shrews as a means of getting from one nest of a bumble-bee to another. [18—23402] Fig. 133. |Liiie''shows'natural8ize. (After Sharp.) 272 FAMILY VIII. SILrillD.l':. I. Leptini-s "ShiW. 1S17. (Gr.. "thin or small.") 532 (1(102). Leptinvs TESTACErs Mull., Genu. Mag. Ent, II, 1S17, 268. Oblong-oval, much depressed. Uniform pale yellow. Above finely and regularly punctured and rather thickly pubescent ^ath golden hairs. Length 2-2.5 mm. (Fig. 133.) Lake, Marion, Putnam and Perry counties; frequent, ilarch 11-December 1. Evidently hibernates as imago. Family VIII. SILPHID.i]. The Cakeion Beetle. Wherever decaying animal matter occurs, especially dead birds, mice or snakes, the larger members of this family can usually be found. The smaller species live more commonly in decaying fungi, while a few occur only in the nests of ants. The name Silphidaj is founded upon that of the principal genus Silpha. a name of Greek origin indicating a foetid odor. The larger members of the family, belonging to the genera Necroplwrus and i^ilpJia. range in size be- tween one-half and one and a half inches. Their eggs are deposited in the bodies of small mammals or fragments of putrid flesh, which are then buried from several inches to nearly a foot in the ground. A pair of the beetles will thus bury the body of a mouse or mole with great rapidity. The larvse, on hatching from the eggs, feed upon the decaying flesh, and are said to even devour the bones of small mammals. From allied families the members of the Silphidas ma>' be known by having the eyes finely s'l'anulated, sometimes (in cave species) absent; antenna^ 11-, rarely 9- or 10-joiuted, gradually or suddenly clubbed at apex and inserted under the margin of the front, behind the base of mandibles; thorax without distinct side pieces beneath; mesosternum very short, the side pieces closing the coxal cavities on the sides; metasternum large, truncate behind; front coxa' large, conical, contiguous ; hind coxEe contiguous ; abdomen with five or six free ventral segments; legs variable, sometimes thick and fitted for digging, sometimes slender; tibia^ with large terminal spurs; tarsi usually T)- jointed. The principal literature treating of the North American species is embodied in the two following papers: LeCoiifc. — ''Synopsis of tlie Silphida- of North xVmerica." in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., VI. 1S5:-!. 274-287. TBV. OABRIOX BEETLKS. 273 fforw.— "Synopsis of the Silphidaa of the United States with reference to the Genera of other (!onntries," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Sof.. VIII, 188n. 219-322. Nearly 900 species of Silphida? are known, about 125 of which, distributed amont;- 31 genera, are from North America. Horn, in his Synopsis, divided the family among six tribes. Four of these are known to be represented in Indiana, while a single species of an- other may occur. KEY TO INDIANA TKIBES OF SII,PHID.5!;. 11. Hind coxEB simple. /*. Front coxse more or less transverse at base and witti trocliantin. c. Front coxal cavities open behind. fl. Hind coxoe contiguous; larger, 10 or more mm. Tribe I. Silphini, p. 273. I.U1. Hind coxae separated ; eyes wanting ; smaller, not over 2 mm. Tribe II. Pinodytini, p. 277. cc. Front coxal cavities closed behind ; length less than ."i mm. Tribe IV. Anisotomini, p. 2S4. hi). Front cox;c cylindric-conic, without trochantin. the cavities closed behind; length less than 6 mm. Tribe III. Cholevini, p. 278. 00. Hind coxse with laminije or plates ; size very small, not over 2 mm. Tribe V. Clambini, p. 291. Tribe I. SILPHINI. To this tribe belong all the larger members of the family, the distinctive characters being the open front coxal cavities and the contiguous hind coxa?. The form is sometimes elongate, but usually oval or even nearly circular : elytra distinctly, sometimes widely. margined at the sides ; abdomen often visible beyond the elytra. Of the seven genera comprising the tribe, three are represented in In- diana. KEY TO INDIANA GENEBA OF SILPHINI. a. Antennse ten-jointed, the last four joints forming an abrupt club ; mid- dle coxae widely separated. I. Necrophorus. aa. Antennte eleven-jointed, either slender or gradually clavate. 6. Middle coxse moderately separated; front coxal cavities widely open behind; elytral sti-ire, if present, not punctured. II. Sit.pha. 66. Middle cox;e narro-wly separated or contiguous ; front coxal cavities narrowly open; elytral strias with distinct impressed punctures. III. Necrophii.ts. 1. XECBOPHORfs Fab. 177:". (Or., "a dead body i bearing.") To this genus belong large, elongate, thick-bodied beetles, having 274 FAMILY VIII. — SILPHIDiE. .J^^^ black elj'tra, which are truncate at tip, and ornamented with con- spicuous reddish-yellow spots. The head is large, suddenly narrowed in front of eyes and also at a little distance behind them. The an- tenna; are spoken of as ten-jointed, but the true second joint appears as a node at the base of the one usually called the second. (Fig. 134. ) They are frequently known as ' ' sexton beetles, ' ' on account of their habits of burying small mammals and snakes. Six species have been taken in Indiana. Fig. 134. Necrophorus: 1, antennje: 2. tarsus; 3, head from beneath. (After Westwood.) KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES 0¥ NECEOPHOKUS. a. Hind, and usually the middle, tibiae curved or arcuate. 6. Thorax orbicular, its sides and base with wide, flattened margins, disk finely and sparsely punctulate. c. Disk of thorax red ; elytra without erect hairs. 533. AMERICANUS. cc. Disk of thorax black ; elytra with erect hairs. 53i. sayi. 66. Thorax transversely cordate, its sides narrowly margined and sin- uate at middle ; disk smooth ; first joint of antenual club red. 535. MAEQINATUS. aa. Tibise straight, not arcuate. d. Thorax orbicular as in americanus and saui. 536. obbicollis. dd. Thorax transversely oval, very little narrowed behind ; sides and base broadly margined. e. Disk of thorax glabrous; antenual club orange, the first joint pic- eous. 587. pustulatus. ee. Disk of thorax densely pubescent ; antenual club piceous. 538. TOMENTOSUS. 533 (1695). Necrophoeus ameeican'is Oliv., Ent, II, 1790, 6. Elongate, robust. Black, shining; vertex, disk of ^ thorax, epipleural fold and two large irregular transverse spots on each elytron, orange-red ; an- teimse black, the club orange-red. Thorax wider than long, truncate in front; disk with a few scat- tered punctures along tlie margins. Length 27- 35 mm. (Fig. 135.) Marion, Vigo and Posey counties; fre- quent. April 28- August 11. Probably occurs throughout the State. Often attracted by electric light. Our largest species, readily known by its size and the color of head and thorax. 534 (1696). Neceophoeus sayi Lap., Hist. Nat. II, 1839, 2. Elongate, moderately robust. Resembles oriicol- Kg. 135. X IJ. (Original.) THE CARHION' BEETLES. 275 lis, but smaller. The epipleura fold of elytra is wholly orange-red, the sides of thorax less curved, and the middle and hind tibije are curved in both sexes. Length lG-18 mm. Lake and Vigo coimties ; rare. June 4—- July 15. 535 (1698). Neceophoeus maeginatus Fab., Syst. Eleut, I, 1801, 334. JXoderately elongate. Black, shining^; antennal club, epipleural fold and two broad dentate cross-bands on elytra, orange yellow ; the sub-basal band usually entire, rarely divided at suture; the subapical often reach- ing the apical margin, the two connected on side margin. Thorax distinctly narrower behind the middle, the disk nearly smooth. Hind tibiae distinctly curved. Length 20-27 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 23-July 28. Occurs especially about dead snakes. 536 (1697). Neceophoeus orbicollis Say, Joum. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, 1825, 177 ; ibid. II, 284. Elongate, moderately robust. Black, shining; elytra with a sub-basal cross-bar and subapical spot orange-red; epipleural fold black; antennje piceous. the club orange-red, first joint black. Middle and hind tibiae in both sexes gradually broader to tip and straight. Length 20-25 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 6- August 20. One just emerged from pupal stage was taken from a little pit beneath a log on April 17. 537 (1701). Necbophorus pusttjiatus Hersch., Illig. Mag., VI, 271. Moderately robust. Black or piceous, shining; antennal club, except the first joint, and two spots on each elytron, orange-red; one of the elytral spots on the side at usual position of sub-basal band, the other, sometimes double, subapical. Thorax transversely oval, very little narrowed behind. Elytra coarsely punctured, each with two faint costse. Length 17 mm. Posey County; rare. June 18. The color is variable, some- times wholly black ; the epipleural fold usually black, often red or partly so. 538 (1703). Neceophoeus tomentosus Weber, Obs. Ent., I, 1801, 47. Moderately elongate. Black, shining; elytra with two cross-bars and epipleural fold orange-red; the cross-bars "resembling those of marginatits, but narrower. Thorax broader than long, very little narrowed behind, the disk clothed with golden yellow hairs. Middle and hind tibiae straight. Length 15-20 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. June 20-October 18. II. SiLPHA Linn. 1758. (Gr., "a beetle.") Strongly depressed beetles of medium or large size, usually rounded in form and with a wide, thin margin to thorax and elytra. 276 FAMILY VIII. SIIJ'Hin.i;. The antennae are 11 -jointed and never elongate, the terminal joint being flattened and oval at tip; elytra more or less costate, but not striate, the lateral margins reflexed. KEY TO INUIAXA .SPECIES OF SIIJ?H.\. '. Eyes lai'oje. promiuent; form elongate; hind femora much stouter in males. 539. subinamensis. r. Eyes imt prominent; form oval; hind femora similar in both sexes. 6. Labrnm l>r(inilly emarginnte; third .ioint of antennae as long or longer than the second. ' c. Thorax entirely black. -540. in.equalis. cc. Thorax with black disk and reddish-yellow margin. 541. NOVEBORACENSIS. 66. Labrum deeply emarginate; third joint of antennt'e shorter than sec- ond ; form broadly oval. 542. ameeicaxa. *539 (1704). SiLPiiA suKiNAMEX'sis Fab., Syst. Ent, ITOs, 72. Morter;itely el()ii,t;ate. depressed. Black or piceous; elytra with narrow subapical orange red cross-bur. often broken into spots, sometimes entirely wanting. Thorax transversely oval, broadly flattened behind. Elytra gradu- ally broader behind, apex obliquely truncate; disk flat with three distinct c(ist». Length 1.5-24 mm. Throughont tlie State; frequent. Hibernates as imago beneath logs close to carrion. January 19-December IS. *540 (1708). SiLPHA iN^QUAEis Fab.. Si)ec. Ins., I. 17S1. S7. Oval, slightly oblong, depressed. Black, opaque. Thorax twice as wide as long, narrowed in front, base w'ith a broad truncate lolie at middle ; elytra very little long- er than wide, rounded at apex, the disk with three cost*, the outer and most distinct shorter and terminating in a slight tuber- cle one-third from apex. Length 10-14 mm. (Fig. 136.) Throughout the State ; com- mon. Hibernates in different January 16-November 4. Fig. 136. a, larva; d, same, natural size; /, q, h, mandible, labium and maxilla of larv.i; i, j, anal process and antennse of same; m, one of the lateral processes more highly magnified; h, pupi; e. same, natural size; /. :inal process of same; c, beetle; k, front tarsus of same. (After Riley.) stage.s; gregarious. THE CAKKION BEETLES. 27 ( 541 (1709). SiLPHA NOVEBOEACENSis Forst, Cent. Ins., I, 1771, 17. Oval, slightly oblong, depressed. Thorax plceous, broadly margined with reddish-yellow; elytra brownish to piceous. Thorax about one-half wider than long, base truncate at mid- dle, sinuate each side; elytra as broad as thorax, rounded be- hind, the disk with three costse, the outer one the stronger; surface distinctly and regularly punctate. Length 13-14 mm. j, j^^ (Fig. 137.) (After Comst'ock.) Clarion, Vigo and Posey eonnties ; frequent. April 10-Jiily 2. Sometime.s found on decaying fungi; more often on carrion. 542 (1710). SiLPiiA AMEBicANA Llnu., Syst. Nat, II, 17(;(;, 570. Broadly oval, depressed. Thorax yellow, with discal black spot ; elytra brownish, with the elevations darker. 'J'liorax nearly twice as wide as long, much narrowed in front, base broadly lobed at middle, surface densely r.nd equally punctured. Elytra as wide or wider con- jointly than long, the disk with three indistinct costie. Ciiunected l)y numerous cross elevations; intervals rather cl(jsely punctate. Length 16-20 mm. (Fig. 138.) Throughout the State ; frequent. April 18-Jul.\' Fif 138 X u, 9. Taken iu coitu on June 4. Often found in de- (After Glover.) ca>'ing fungus as well as carrion. III. Nbceophilus Lat. 1829. (Gr., "a dead body + loving.") This genus is represented in the United States by only two spe- cies, one of which occurs in Indiana. 543 (1714). Necbophilus peti'itii Horn, Trans. Am. Kiit. Soc, VIII, IS^iO, 243. Broadly oval, narrower in front. Dark chestnut brown, shining, gla- brous. Thorax nearly twice as wide at base as long at middle, sides curved, apex emarginate, base truncate ; margin broadly flattened and recurved, translucent; surface sparsely punctate, the disk nearly smooth. Elytra suddenly sloping downward near apex, the surface with rows of cunrsc, deep punctures. Length 10-11 mm. Two specimens ^\ere taken in very ill-smelling decaying fungi beneath a log in woods near Grand Chain, Pasey County. April 10. Dury ha,s taken it in small numbers on several dceasions near Cincinnati, but it seems to be everywhere scarce. Tribe II. PIKODYTIXI. This tribe is represented in North America by three small, blind, oblong, chestnut-colored beetles. Om- of these, I'nuxhifcs (riiplo- phagoi(lf>< Jlann., lives in the fine debris of rotten wood and has 278 FAMILY VIII. — SILPHID^. been taken in Alaska, and near Washington, D. C, so that it prob- ably occurs in Indiana. (Fig. 139, a.) Another, P. hamiltoni Horn, occurs near Allegheny City. Pennsylvania. This tribe comprises insects of small size and usually ovate form, having the front coxse eylindric-conic and contiguous, the cavities closed behind; abdomen with six distinct segments, except Fig. 139. a, Pinodyks cryptophagcndes Mann.; (ti) antenna of same; b, Prionochoda opaca Say; (a) tibial spur of same; c, Ptomopha^jus consobrinus Lee; (a) antenna of same. (After Eom.) Tribe III. CHOLEVINI. in Colon, and covered by the elytra. Some of the species live on carrion or in fungi ; others in ants ' nests. Four of the eight genera are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF CHOLEVINI. a. Abdomen with six segDieiits ; hiud coxae contiguous ; head suddenly nar- rowed beliind the eyes, forming a necli, the occiput elevated in a ridge. 6. Elytra punctate, not strigose; last joint of maxillary palpi as long as the preceding; mesosternum not carinate, the middle coxte con- tiguous, c. Tibial spurs moderate in length, simple. IV. CnoLEVi. cc. Tibial spurs very long, bipectinate. (Fig. 139, 6.) V. Prionochjeta. 66. Elytra finely and transversely strigose; last joint of maxillary palpi short, awl-shaped ; mesosternum carinate, the middle coxoe sepa- rated ; antennae gradually clavate, not longer than head and thorax. (Fig. 139, c.) VI. Ptomophaqus. 00. Abdomen with five segments (often four in female) ; head oval, not nar- rowed behind, occiput not elevated ; hind coxae contiguous. VII. Colon. IV. Choleva Latr. 1796. (Gr., "to Hmp or halt.") Small, usually oval species, narrowed behind and having the sur- face finely pubescent and the elytra usually finely punctured. The THE CAEEION BEETLES. 279 antenna are as long as the head and thorax, the last five joints form- ing an elongate elnb, the eighth shorter and narrower than the sev- enth and ninth. Five species are known from Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CHOLEVA. a. Hind angles of thorax rounded or obtuse. 6. Form elongate-oblong, but little narrowed behind; nearly uniform dark brown ; cave inhabiting species. 544. alsiosa. 66. Form oval or oblong-oval, distinctly narrowed behind; terrestrial species. c. Front femora more or less flat on the under edge, usually glabrous and with a tubercle in the male ; female with ventral segments not foveate at middle. S45. simplex. CO. Front femora with the lower edge rounded, punctate and without trace of tubercle in male. d. Form oblong; body distinctly contracted at base of elytra; fe- male with ventral segments 5-6 deeply longitudinally im- pressed at middle. 546. basillaris. dd. Form oval, margins of thorax and elytra nearly continuous ; fe- male with ventral segments 5-6 vaguely impressed. 547. CLAVICOENIS. aa. Hind angles of thorax rectangular, the thoracic and elytral margins continuous ; female with abdomen not imijressed. 548. tebminans. 544 (1727). Choleva alsiosa Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XII, 1885, 136. Elongate-oblong, rather slender, finely pubescent. Dark smoky or sooty brown. Antennre rather slender, longer than head and thorax, piceous, the two basal joints paler. Thorax less than twice as wide as long, narrower in front ; hind angles rather obtuse, disk densely and finely punctured. Elytra elongate-oval, as wide as thorax at base, rather densely punctate, the punctures coarser than on thorax. Length 4.3 mm. One specimen from Coon's Cave, Monroe County, July 10. Taken from beneath a stone 400 feet from the entrance; also re- corded from Mayfield's Cave, Monroe County, by Banta. Described from Alaska, but since taken by Garman in caves near Lexington, Kentuclry. 545 (1728). Choleva simplex Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, 1825, 184 ; ibid. II, 289. Oval, slightly oblong, pubescent. Head and thorax piceous, elytra pur- plish-brown ; antennae piceous, two basal joints paler. Thorax one-half wider than long, a little narrower in front, surface finely and densely punc- tate ; elytra scarcely wider than thorax, narrowed behind, not striate, rather densely punctate. Length 3.5-4 mm. Clark and Posey counties ; scarce. May 7-May 15. 280 FA:\rrLY viii. — si lphid.k. Kg. 140. Mtj (172'.(). Cholk.va ii.\sillaeis Sny. Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci, III. 182.3. 194; ibid II, 124. Oblong, iuocleratel,-\' elongate. Head and thorax pic- eous ; elytra dark brown, paler at base, the surface pubescent, moderately shining. Thorax more than half as wide as long, slightly narrowed in front, base feebly curved ; el.^tra very little wider than the thorax, nni-- ro«er behind, not densely punctured. Length ;'i-4 mui. (Fig- 1^0.) Marion, Clark and Pasey counties; scarce. ]Mareh 25-iray 21. Those from ilarion County ■\\ere taken from the nest of a shrew. 547 (1730). Choleva clavicoknis Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 185.3. 281. ( )val, slightly oblong. " Head and thorax dark brown, or piceous ; elytra pale brown, pubescent. Anteiinse scarcely reaching hind angles of thorax, piceiius, the apical and two basal joints paler. Thorax twice as wide as lonu. the surface rather densely punctate. Elytra oval, gradually narrowed to ajiex, not wider than thorax. Length 2.5-3 mm. Kosciusko. Clarion, Putnam and Dubois counties; scarce. March 13-August 17. *.548 (17.32). Choleva terminans Lee, Agass. Lake Sup.. 1850. 218. Oblong-oval. Piceous or brownish, finely pubescent. Antennre as in olan'cornis. Thorax twice as Avide at base as long; sides curved and nar- rowed to front ; hind angles rectangular, surface finely and densely puuctii- late. Elytra as wide at base as thorax, gradually narrowing to apex ; su- tural stria rather deeply impressed ; surface not densely punctate. Length 2.5-3 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. Plibernates as imago. April 12-December 5. Taken in deserted nests of mice; also on dead hens and fungi. V. PEiONOCHiETA Horn. 1880. (Gr., "a saw + bristle.") Here belongs a single medium-sized black species having the an- tennas as long as head and thorax, the last four joints abruptly shorter than those preceding ; middle tarsi of male not dilated. 540 (1734). Prionocii.eta opaca Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., V. lS2.'i. 184; ibid. II, 289. Oblong-oval, slightly narrower behind the middle, the thoracic and ely- tra 1 margins nearly continuous. T.lack, feebly shining, clothed with short, dark brown hairs; antennae piceous, the apex and base paler. Thorax less than twice as wide as long; hind angles obtiise, surface finely and deusely THE OAElilON BEETLES. 281 punetulate. Elytra as \vide and a little more than twice as long as thorax, rather densely mmctnlatc, substriate near the tip, the sutural stria distinct. Length 5 mm. (Fig. j;',;iS0T0MI.\I. «. Head without antennal grooves beneath. h. Hind tarsi flve-jointed; mesnsternum not carinate ; antennal club flve- jOiuted. IIYDNOBIUS. hh. Hind tarsi with less than five joints: luesusternuni carinate. c. Antennal club flve-jointed ; length 2.5^ mm. ^'II1. Anisotoma. cc. Antennal club three-jointed, elongate, lu.ise; smaller, not over - mm. ; elytra \-\'ith fine transverse A\'rinkles. IX. Coi.exis. (/(/. Head with distinctly limited antennal gr.:unctures forming sinuous rows near the sides and suture, lllud femora of male with a broad, acute tooth at apex. Length 1.6-2 mm. Starke County ; rare. June 17. Larger and darker than egena, with the legs less thickened and the tarsi more slender. 562 (1702). Cyrtusa egena Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 18.53, 2s4. Oval or subglobose, very convex. Pale brownish-yellow, shining. Thorax more than twice as wide as long, narrowed in front; surface sparsely and very finely punctate. Elytra each with eight somewhat irregular rows of very fine punctures ; intervals tlat, smooth, or rarely with a few fine punc- tures. Tarsi very short and much compressed. Length 1-1.5 mm. (Fig. 143, e.) Marshall, Monroe and Perry counties ; scarce. May 16-June 10. Isoplastus fossor Horn, hemispherical or broadly oval, very eon- vex, reddish-yellow in hue, length 1.5-2 mm., was described from Detroit, Michigan, and the District of Columbia. XIII. Agathidium Illig. 1798. (Gr., " good -^ little one.") Very small black or piceous shining beetles having the labrum short, rounded in front; antennae with joints 4-8 small, gradually broader, 9-11 forming an oblong rather loose club. They occur beneath bark f or in fungi and are more or less contractile, some of them having the power to roll themselves into a very ■* ^l'^" .:>3='^«Kt> convex rounded mass, with Fig. 144. a, AgatUdlum miscoMes; b, upper, same, contracted; T - , , T T ' [lower, A. polUum (male) contracted; Cy-Aglyptua Ixvis; a, antenna the legs bent under and j [of same. completely hidden. Three species have been taken in Indiana, while another probably occurs. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF AGATHIDIUM. a. Mesosternum continuous on the same plane with the metasternum, mod- erately separating the middle coxae and subcarinate in front; elytra polished, without jranctures; third joint of antennse longer than sec- ond. 6. Larger species ; sutural strife very fine. 563. oniscoides. 66. Smaller species; sutural striae distinctly impressed. 564. EXIGUDM. aa. Mesosternum vertical between the coxas, which it narrowly separates, not carinate in front; hind angles of thorax broadly rounded; body very convex and contractile. 290 FAMILY Tin. SILPHID^. c. Surface very smooth, wholly piceous. 565. politum. CO. Elytra distinctly punctulate, each usually with two large oblique yellow spots. pulchedm. 563 (1794). Agathidii;m oniscoides Beauv., Ins. Afr. et Amer., 1S05, 160. Body perfectly contractile. Black or piceous, smooth and shining. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, apex deeply emarginate, front angles broadly rounded. Elytra, viewed from above, almost circular iu outline. Length, extended, 3.5-1 mm. ( Fig. 144, a and upper 6.) Southern half of State; frequent; less so in the northern por- tion. April 22-November 28. Occurs beneath bark, especially that of logs bearing fungus growth. 564 (1795). Aqathidium exiguum ilels., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 103. Resembles a small form of the preceding. Distinguished by its smaller size, with the body less perfectly contractile: sutural stria distinct under the lens. Length 2-2.5 mm. Posey and ]\Iarion counties ; scarce. ]\Iareh 17-]May 6. *565 (1S06). AoATHimrM POLiTaii Lee, Pruc. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., 1S66, 370. Oval, very convex, contractile. Color variable from reddish-brovm to piceous, shining. Thorax more than twice as wide a.s long, narrowed in front, apex rather deeply emarginate. hind angles broadly rounded. Elytra oval, nearly as wide as long, sutural stria rather long, finely impressttl; surface either smooth or, in the paler specimens, finely punctate. Length 2-2.5 mm. (Fig. 144, lower 6.) Throughout the State ; frequent. April 30-Deeember 25. Hi- bernates as imago. A. pulchrum Lee, thorax reddish-yellow with a large rounded discal piceous space ; length 2.5-3 mm., has been taken in Kentucky. XIV. AGLYPTusLec. 1866. (Gr.. "without -f sculpture.") In this genus the head is broad and flat, with distinct antennal grooves beneftth; antenniE 11-jointed, the last three joints forming an oblong club, the terminal one broader and longer than the tenth; tarsi slender, the front ones dilated and i-jointed in the male. 3- jointed in the female ; middle and hind ones 3-jointed in both sexes. One very small species occurs in the eastern United States, including Indiana. 566 (ISOO). Aglyptls l.evis Lee, Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1853, 2S4. Oval, strongly convex, very little longer than wide. Piceous, or dark reddish-brown, strongly shining; surface without sculpture. Thorax with margin and base translucent; hind angles rectangular. Length 1-1.5 mm. (Fig. 144, c.) THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETl-ES. 291 Putnam, Monroe and Posey counties; rare. .March 6-July 10. Taken by sifting. Tribe V. CLAMBINI. Very small oblong or globose-oval species having the hind coxae contiguous with plates covering the thighs ; tarsi four-jointed, tibiee without spurs. Our only species of the tribe belongs to the genus : XV. Clambus Fischer. 1820. (Gr., "mutilated.") The members of this genus have the elytra not margined at the sides and without epipleura; hind coxal plates wide; antennae 9- jointed, arising close to the eyes, the club 2-jointed ; abdomen with five segments visible. Two species probably occur in the State. though but one has been taken. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF CLAMBUS. a. Surface smooth, shining, without punctuation or pubescence. GIBBULUS. o-o-. Surface sparsely pubescent ; elytra rather densely and finely punctulate behind the middle. 567. pubeexjlus. C. gibbulus Lee, globose-oval, piceous-black, length 1 mm., is said to occur from Canada to Texas, but has not yet been recog- nized from Indiana. (Pig. 142, c.) 567 (1813). Clambus puberdlus Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1866, 26. Globose-oval. Piceous or dull sootj- brown, finely and sparsely pubes- cent; elytra paler toward the tips; legs and antennse dull brownish-yellow. Head and thorax very finely and sparsely punctulate. Elytra more dis- tinctly punctulate, very sparsely on the disk, gradually more dense to the tips. Length 1 mm. Marion and Monroe counties; scarce. April 23-October 15. Taken from window of cellar in which wood had been stored and from debris in beech stump. Family IX. SCTDM.DNID^. The Ant-like Stone Beetles. Very small, shining, oval, convex species, brownish or piceous in hue and usually having the upper surface rather thickly clothed with erect hairs. They occur beneath bark or stones in moist locali- ties; also often in ants' nests, and are frequently on the wing at twilight. From the smaller Silphidfe, to which they are closely re- lated, they differ by having the hind coxeb separated and the facets 292 FAiriLY IX. — SCYDlLi;XID.«. of the eye coarser. In general form and size they resemble the Pselaphidff. Init the elytra are always entire and the tarsi 5- instead of 3-jointed. In addition to the characters mentioned, they have the maxillary, palpi long, the last joint very small; antennfe inserted upon the front, at the inner margin of the eyes, gradually thickened or slight- ly club-shaped toward apex; prosternum not visible between the coxaa; elytra convex, covering the abd.omen, the latter with six free ventral segments; front coxffi conical, prominent, contiguous; middle ones somewhat distant; hind ones small, conical or transverse, often ^yidely separated ; tarsi 5-jointed, claws simple. Nearly 700 species are known, about 175 of which are from the United States. These are treated in the following papers : LeConte. — "Synopsis of the Scydma?nidic of the United States," in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., YI. 1852. 149-157. Casey. — "Revision of the Scydmsenidae of the United States," in Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.. IX, 1897, 351-548. In his Revision, Casey divided the family into two subfamilies, only one of which, the Scydmseninaj, is represented in Indiana. The principal distinguishing characters given of this subfamily are as follows: Antennae generally distinctly clavate, usually elbowed, but with the basal joint short or moderate in length; hind coxa' transverse or transversely oval; metasternum large; abdomen short; elytra never striate or with rows of punctures. The subfamily is separated into ten tribes, four of which are knoMTi to be repre- sented in the State, while two others may be. KEY TO INDIANA TRIBES OF SCYmr^NIN.E. a. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi awl-sliaped, finely aciculate and oblique; antennas widely separated at base. 6. Prosternum short aud deeply sinuate before the eox:e: neck short and abruptly constricted, c. Neck narrow : eyes in trout of middle of head ; scutellum wanting. Tribe I. Euconnini, p. 293. cr. Nei/k wide; eyes basal or sub-basal in position; scutellum ahvays present. Tribe II. Scyhm.enini, p. 301. hh. Prosternum ratlier long aud pubescent before the e(ix:e: thorax ob- oval ; length less than .S of a millimetre. Tribe III. Opresini, p. 302. aa. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi obtuse, uever awl-shaped, obscure or fused rigidly to the apex of third, sometimes wanting. (1. Hind ooxne transverse, extending to the sides of the body; antennae widely separated at base. THE AXT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 293 c. Head deeply inserted and strongly deflexed, the neck invisible; eyes basal, frequently wunting; elytra more or less rounded at tip ; seutelhini large and distinct ; prosternum very sb(jrt and deeply emarginate before the coxiv. Tribe IV. Cepheniini, p. 302. er. Head exserted and but feebly inclined, the neck exposed and con- stricted ; eyes sub-basal: third palpal joint obconic; prosternum rather long and well developed before the coxae. Tribe V. Eutheiini, p. .303. d(l. Hind cox® oval, not reaching the sides of body; antennae inserted close together at the apex of the front ; neck strongly constricted ; hind trochantins elongate; pygidium vertical or greatly inclined. Ti'ibe VI. Edmicrini, p. 303. Tribe I. BUCONNINI. The special characters of this tribe are set forth in the above table. Three of the six genera recognized by Casey are represented in the State. KEY TO IlNPEANA GENEKA OF El'fONNINI. a. Thorax with two or more fove:e near the b;isal margin. 6. Third joint of maxillary palpi obconic, gradually narrowed toward base; antennal clulj three- or four-jointed. I. Euconkus. bh. Third joint very slender, abruptly clivate in front of middle; b )dy glabrous; head large; antennal club four-jointed. II. Pycnophus. iia. Thorax without fnveiv. though often more or less transversely impressed near base, conical in form and never narrowed at base nor carinate near hind angles. III. Connophron. I. EucoNNUS Thorns. 1860. (Gr., "to know well,") Head exserted, the eyes in front of middle; thorax oblong, more or less narrowed at base and with at least two fovese or pits near the hind margin. Six species have been recognized from the State, while two others may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF El CONNU.S. a. Antennal club four-jointed. 6. Elytra with long, erect and very sparse hairs ; head sparsely pubes- cent ; elypeus separated from the front by a fine suture. c. Head much narrower than thorax ; seciind:iry sexual characters of male on third and fourth ventral segments. (1. Carina on side of thorax visible only at base; sei'ondary male characters large and coiisi)icuous; piceous, the disk of elytra reddish. 568. clavipes. ihl. farina on side of thorax long and distinct; see ludary male char- acters feeble; black, elytra red. 5i:n. semibuber. 294: FAilIXT IX. — SCTDM.EXID.5;. cc. Head almost as wide as thorax; secondary male cbaracters con- fined to the sixth ventral; antennal club stronger, more abrupt and more bead-like. bicolok. 66. Elytra very pubescent; head with dense, stifE hairs directed back- ward; clypeo-f rental suture absent; antennse with a short abrupt club, the eighth and ninth joints subequal In width. c. Larger, 1.6 mm. ; elytra not concave toward base ; eighth antennal joint as large as ninth. 570. occriTDS. ee. Smaller, not over 1.2 mm. ; eighth antennal joint distinctly smaller than ninth. 571. smius. aa. Antennal club 3-jointed. f. Head and elytra glabrous; thorax with four basal foveas; antennae long and slender, the joints all longer than wide. 572. SALIXATOB. ff. Head and elytra distinctly but sparsely pubescent; thorax with a well defined carina each side extending obliquely to base ; antennal club darker in color than the stem. g. Eighth antennal joint fully as long as wide; elytra not inflated. 573. FATTTJS. gg. Eighth joint distinctly wider than long, the club stouter. debeus. 568 (1S3S). Euco^-xI:s clavipes Say, Ix)ng's Sec. Exped., II, 1824, 272; ibid. I. 179. Oval, feebly inflated. Head black; thorax and under surface piceous; elytra dark reddish-brown, shining, the sides and tips blackish; antennae and legs reddish-brown. Antennae slender, three-flfths as long as body, the last four joints longer than wide and one-half thicker than those of stem. Thorax as long as wide, narrowed at base, broadly rounded in front, the fovese deep, distinct. Elytra two-fifths longer than wide, each with a small deep fovea at middle of base and a rather strong humeral fold. Four front femora strongly cluh-shaped. Length 1.5 mm. Lake. ^larshall and Crawford eovmtie? : frequent in Lake, scarce in the others. !March 26-^ray 2S. The fourth and fifth ventral .segments of males each bear a short, thick discal plate, subdentate on sides. 569 ( ). Ercox^-fs semibtibeb Casey, Ann. N. T. Acad. Sci., IX, 1S97, 368. Oval, rather robust. Black, shining, not punctate; elytra dull red; antennte and legs reddish-piceous. Head not quite as long as wide; an- tennae slender, half the length of body, the club loosely formed, its joints gradually larger. Thorax as long as wide, feebly narrowed at base; trans- verse impression distinct, tlie fovete minute. Elytra two-fifths longer than wide, twice as wide as thorax : humeral fold long and strong ; subhumeral impression long, wide and deep. I>ength 1.3-1.5 mm. Clarion County; scarce. December 1. Taken in nest of ants from beneath beech log. Described from northern and central Illinois, THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 295 570 ( ). EucoNJsrus occultus Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IX, 1897, 372. Rather narrow, feebly inflated. Uniform pale reddish-brown, shining. Head wider than long, broadly rounded at base. Antennae one-half the length of body, the club abrupt, its joints wider than long. Thorax as long as wide, but slightly wider than head, sides rounded in front, sinuate be- hind; disk sparsely clothed with suberect hairs and with two fovese each side near base, the outer one very small. Elytra one-half longer than wide, each with a humeral fold, and a fovea near middle of base; disk minutely and sparsely punctate and rather thickly clothed with yellowish suberect hairs. Length 1.6 mm. Marshall, Putnam and Marion counties; scarce. J.fay 20-No- vember 30. Taken by sifting decaying vegetable debris. 571 ( ). EucoNNUs siMiLis sp. nov. Shorter and more robust than occultus. Rather dark reddish-brown, Shining; antennse and legs paler. Head almost as wide as thorax, its sides with dense, bristle-like hairs directed backward. Antennas short, stout, slightly longer than head and thorax, the joints bead-like, eighth to tenth rounded, less transverse than in occultus; eighth two-thirds the size of ninth, which is equal to tenth; eleventh one-half longer. Thorax as long as wide, sides nearly straight, disk sparsely pubescent and with a deep, transverse impression at base ; this, with a rather large fovea each side near the hind angles. Elytra ovate, together one-half wider and twice as long as thorax ; humeral fold short, feeble ; basal fove:ie small, shallow ; surface sparsely clothed with fine yellowish pubescence. Length 1.2 mm. Putnam County; rare. April 17. 572 (1841). EucoNNUs salinatoe Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI. 1852, 154. Rather robust. Blackish-piceous, shining; el3d;ra with a dark reddish tinge ; antennae black, reddish-brown at base. Head nearly as long as wide ; occiput with a bristle-bearing puncture each side. Antennte with joints 3-7 equal, eighth one-half longer, ninth and tenth slightly longer and one- half thicker than eighth. Thorax as long as w-ide, but slightly wider than head ; disk clothed with erect black hairs and with four toveie at base, the inner two the larger. Elytra two-fifths longer than wide, two-thirds v.-ider than thorax ; without humeral fold, but each with a deep fovea at middle of base. Length 1.5 mm. Lake and Posey counties; scarce. IMarch 26-April 27. 573 (1842). BucoNNtJS fatdtjs Lee., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., Yl, 1852. 155. Rather stout, feebly inflated. Piceous-black, shining, flnely and sparse- ly pubescent ; legs and antenna dull brownish-yellow, the club darker. Head rounded, not quite as long as wide; nearly as wide as thorax. Antenna; slender, slightly longer than head and thorax; club abrupt and parallel. the ninth and tenth joints nearly twice as wide as eighth. Thorax not quite as long as wide, sides rounded ; disk with a transverse basal impres- •29G FA5EILY IX. — S('yd:m3:nii).k. slon marked with four small fovese. Elytra nearly three-fourths wider than thorax: the humeral folds rather long and strongly marked, each with a deep fovea at base. Length 1 mm. Kiis'jiu.sko County: scarce. June 24. Sifted from moss in tam- arack swamp. £. dehilis Casey, deep black, length .7 mm. was described from Detroit. II. Pycxophus Casey. 1897. (Gr. "compact.") Head large, truncate at base; neck strongly constricted; an- tennse widely sejiarated at base : third joint of maxillary palpi long, the basal half forming a long and slender peduncle. .!i74 {lSo4i. Pyc^-QPHrs basus Lee., Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. VI, 18.52, l.o3. Rather stout. Uniform pale reddish-browii, shining, nearly glabrous. Head wider than long, wider than apex of thorax. Anteun;e longer than head and thorax, the joints of club gradually increasing in size. Thorax slightly longer than wide, sides parallel from base to middle, thence con- verging to apex ; disk somewhat flattened and with a small but deep fovea near each hind angle. Elytra twice as wide as thorax, sides broadly and evenly curved; humeral fold short and Ijroad. basal fove.e small and deep. Length l.lJ-l.S mm. Lake, Starke. Marshall and ilarion C(iunties: .scarce, ilay 20- December 30. Occiti's in nests of ants and beneath logs in sandy places. III. CuxxoPHROx Casey. 1S1:I7. A large genus of closely allied species having the thorax coni- cal, without basal fovea; ; body rather stout and inflated ; head mod- erate in size, convex; eyes placed in front of middle; maxillary palpi with third joint elongate and obconic. the fourth small, slen- der and aciculate; femora, especially the front and middle ones, usually strongly club-shaped. Casev has listed 82 species, of which the following have been taken or may occur in Indiana : KEY TO IXDTAXA SPECIES OF C0>'X0PHK0X. a. Basal joint of hind tarsi not or scarcely longer than second, the first four joints being subetiual ; hind tibia^ of male rarely with a sjiur at apex, b. Antennal club 4-jointed. often gradually formed. c. C'lypeus toothed at middle of apical margin, the t(.oth sometimes minute ; length more than 1 mm. (I. Elytral iniliescence long, erect and generally fine. c. Clypeal tooth large or mixlerate and distinct. f. Species innro than l.."i mm. in length. THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 297 g. Elytra strongly impressecl each side of suture near base, ft. Elytra long, rather acutely pointed behind, fully one- half longer than wide ; blackish-piceous in color ; length 2 mm. LONGIPENNE. hh. Elytra shorter, more obtuse at ajie.x. less than one-half longer than wide, dull red, clouded with blackish be- hind ; length 1.9 mm. 575. formale. gg. Elytra feebly or not at all impressed on basal half ; black, tibije paler, tarsi yellowish. 576. flavitaese. ff. Species less than l.'i mm. in length ; thorax shorter than wide, with sides straight; piceous black, the elytra paler. DENTIGEa. ee. Clypeal tooth very minute. /. Suture nut at all elevated or beaded toward liase, the su))- sutural impressions obsolete ; black, elytra red, blackish toward tips. 577. fossiger. /('. Suture more or less beaded toward base, the impressions long and distinct; liudy black throughout. femokale. (}(l. Elytral pubescence coarse, sh-.rter and recurved. j. Antennae stout, not longer than head and thorax, strongly cla- vate, the next to last .ioints very transverse. /i. Larger, 1.4—1.6 mm.; basal fnveje of elytra stroii.i;, the outer large. .'578. clavicosne. 7i7r. Smaller, not over 1.2 mm.; l)asal fovese small and feeble; an- tennal club more nearl.v 3-jointed. 579. abdicen.s. ij. Antenn:c rather slender, much longer than head and thcirax. the next to last joints fully us long as wide; Imdy narrowly oval, pale dull yellow throughout. fuetiviim. fc. Clypeus without trace of median tooth. I. Thorax without distinct transverse impression at base ; elytral suture beaded toward base, the pubescence long, even and sub- erect ; color black. 580. iNTEORr Ji. U. Thorax with a distinct interrupted impression near base. m. Body more inflated ; el^'tra always distinctly more than one- half wider than thorax, the suture with a broad bead which is broadly expanded at base ; blackish-piceous, elytra dark reddish-yellow. ixnoouum. mm. Body narrow and elongate, but convex ; elytra almost one-half wider than thorax, the latter with transverse impression strong; head large, nearly as wide as thorax. 581. clavatdm. 66. Antennal club 3-,iointed. abrupt; length not over 1 mm. II. Clypeal tooth well developed, narrow and acute; autenuiTe stouter; color dull brownish-yellow. 582, dedilitans. nn. Clyijeal tooth very minute, short and obtuse; antennal funicle much more slender; hind body narrowly oval; pale chestnut brown. 583. FtiLvxiM. f. Basal .joint of hind tarsi elongate, always distinctly longer than sec- ond, joints one to four decreasing rapidly in length ; hind tibise of male with a slender terminal spur. 298 FAMILT IX. SCTDSIjEXID^. o. Larger, 1.3 or more in length. p. Color piceous or paler, the elytra generally reddish or dull yellow. q. Length 1.6 mm. ; elytra with subhumeral impressions large, deep and conspicuous; dark reddish-brown; elytra paler red- 5S4. CAPUXOSULCM. gq. Smaller. 1.3 mm. ; thorax small, not much over one-half as wide as elytra, strongly impressed near base ; color piceous. POUTDM. pp. Black throughout, elytra with at most a faint piceous tinge; legs pale dull yellow, thorax more than half as wide as elytra. NIGBTJM. 00. Smaller, not over .9 of one mm. in length ; basal joint of hind tarsi not as long as the next two combined ; color piceous black, the ely- tra pale reddish-brown. puMrLUM. C. longipenne and C. dentiger were both described by Casey from Iowa. 575 ( 1. Co>xoPHBON FOKMAU; Casey. Ann. X. Y. Acad. Sci., YII, 1S97. 402. Elongate-oval, rather stout. Plceous-black : elytra dark red, blackish behind, thickly clothed with long bristling hairs; abdomen pale at apex; legs and antennse dark reddish-brown. Head slightly wider than long, clyp- eal tooth distinct, triangular. Antennae one-half as long as body, club grad- ually formed, the ninth joint but slightly longer than wide. Thorax as wide at base as long, sides feebly curved, base one-fourth wider than head. Elyti-a twice as long and nearly twice as wide as thorax, humeral fold and subhumeral impression well developed, basal foveae feeble;, subsutural im- pressions distinct. Length 1.9 mm. Throughout the State; frequent, ^farch 20-Oetober 21. Oc- curs beneath bark and rubbish. Resembles fossiger but longer and with the .joints of antennal club more gradually thickened. .Tir; (]R2H). (:'oxN0PHK0>' FT.JWTTABSE Lec.. Proc. Phil. Acad. X.at. Sci., VI, 1852, 152. Elongate-oval, rather stout. Black, shining ; elytra dull red except near tips and thickly clothed with long fine hairs ; legs reddish-piceous, tarsi pale yellow. Head much wider than long, the clypeal tooth broadly triangular. Antennae less than half as long as body, the joints of club gradually increas- ing in thickness. Thorax conical, not longer than wide, the base one-fourth wider than head. Elyti'a one-half longer than wide, humeral fold strong, of moderate length, suture finely elevated toward base, the basal fovea dis- tinct. Length 1.8 mm. Marion and Posey cotmties ; searee. April 21-Xovember 28. *5T7 I1S27). Co:;xoPHROs fossiger Lec., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. VI, 1852. 1.52, Rather stout, fusiform. Blaclc ; elytra reddish, blackish toward tips, thickly clothed with long pale hairs: legs and antennae reddish-brown, the femora blackish. Head wider than long, clypeal tooth small, triangular. THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 299 AntennsB half the length of body, the club abrupt, its joints increasing feebly in thickness, eighth a little longer than wide, as long as tenth but narrower. Thorax slightly longer than wide, the base nearly twice as wide as apex, and one-third wider than head. Elytra one-half longer than wide, three-fourths wider than thorax, each with two small fovese at base ; sides evenly curved, humeral fold and subhumeral impression strong. Length 1.6 mm. Starke, Vigo and Posej^ counties; scarce. January 6-June 27. Occurs beneath chips and rubbish, especially in low, sandy, open woods. C. femorale Casey, 1.5 mm. in length was described from Iowa and Michigan. S'i'S ( ). CONNOPHEON CLAVicoRNB Cascy, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, 1897, 417. Rather stout, suboval. Uniform pale chestnut brown, polished ; pubes- cence abundant, coarse, pale and conspicuous, that on elytra rather short and suberect. Head semicircular behind the eyes; clypeal tooth elongate and slender. Antennae stout, shorter than head and thorax, the club large and as long as the other joints together. Thorax conical, slightly wider than long, sides nearly straight, apex more than half as wide as base. Ely- tra oval, widest near middle ; four-fifths wider than thorax ; humeral fold short but distinct ; outer fovese strong, subsutural impression faint. Length 1.4-1.6 mm. Wayne County; scarce. May 26. Occurs in nests of ants and beneath logs. 579- ( ). CONNOPHKON ABDUCENS Casey, Ann. N. T. Acad. Sci., "VII, 1897, 418. Narrowly suboval. Uniform pale reddish-brown ; legs and antennae paler ; pubescence of elytra coarse, stiff and recurved. Head rather small, rounded behind the eyes ; clypeal tooth rounded at tip. Antennae short and stout, club almost three-jointed, the eighth joint only one-third thicker than seventh ; ninth and tenth abruptly much wider and strongly trans- verse. Thorax small, strongly conic ; slightly wider than long ; apex one- half as wide as base. Elytra two-fifths longer than wide, three-fourths wider than thorax ; humeral fold and usual impression almost obsolete ; basal foveiE small, subequal. Length 1.2 mm. Steuben County; rare. May 25. Sifted from sphagnum moss. C. furtivum, length 1.4 mm., and G. innocuum, length 1 mm., were both described by Casey from Illinois, the former from the northern, the latter from the central portion of the State. 580 ( ) . CoNNOPHKON INTEGRUM Oasey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, 1897, 425. Short, rather stout. Black, shining ; elytra often with a feeble piceous tinge, thickly clothed with rather long, suberect pale hairs; legs and an- tennae dark reddish-brown. Head wider than long, circularly rounded. An- ■^00 FAMILY IX. SCYDir.EXIDiE. tennae. long, slender, more than one-half the length of bndy. the club slender and graduallj- formed ; eighth joint only one-third wider than seventh ; ninth and tenth one-flfth wider than eighth. Thorax srn reply as long as wide, sides distinctly curved, apex three-fifths as wide as base. Fllytra three- iVmrths wider than thorax, humeral fold long and strong, subhumeral im- pressions large and deep, basal fovese large. Length 1.2 mm. Lake, Starke, ilariou, Putnam and Lawrence counties; frequent. Ajiril 17-.June 17. Taken by .sifting damp vegetable debris. The front femora are very much enlarged. •iSl (18.36). C'oxxoPHRO>- cL.WATrM Leo.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sui., VI. 3852. 153. Elongate, narrow. Dark reddish-yellow; head and thorax darker than elytra, the latter rather thickly clothed with short, pale, recurved hairs ; antennse and legs paler. Head large, as wide as thorax. Antennfe as long as head and thorax, slender, the club somewhat abrupt, the eighth joint one-half wider than seventh, ninth and tenth subequal and one-fourth wider than eighth. Thorax as Imig as wide, sides curved, converging in front, apex three-fourths as wide as base; disk with deep, transverse sub-basal impression. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, sides broadly curved, hu- meral fold small, the inner basal fovea only distinct. Length 1.2 nun. Crawford County; rare, iiay 24. One specimen in Dury col- lection. .582 ( 1. ('o.xNOPHUON DEBiLiTAXs Casey. Ann. X. Y. Acad. Sci., VIL 1S9T. 446. Rather narrowly oval. Pale chestnut brown, shinim: : elytra more red- dish, dusky toward tips, rather thickly clothed with short, coarse, pale hairs; legs pale yellow. Antenna stout, as long as head and thorax, club abruptly 3-jointed. Thorax as long as wide, sides nearly straight, apex three-fifths as wide as base. Elytra three-fourths wider than thorax, hu- meral fold short and feeble ; inner fovea distinct, outer i aie obsolete. Length 1 mm. Kosciusko, Putnam and ^Monroe counties; scarce. April 22- June 20. Taken by sifting. .">8;-; (1S45). Cox>;oPHBON ruLvvii Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., A'l, 1852. 1.5.5. Narrowly subuval. I'ale rhestiiut liroun. shining: lOiis and antenn;? paler; elytra with numerous sliort, recurved pale hairs. Antennae as lone as head and thorax, club abrupt and 3-jointed. ninth and tenth joints equal and globular, eleventh one-halt longer. Thorax as long as wide, sides feebly curved; base one-third wider than head. Elytra oval, one-half wider than thorax, humeral fold very small, basal f oveoe obsolete. Length .8.9 mm. ;\rarion County: rar(\ December 1. Taken from m-st of ants in low, open woods. THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 301 584 (1827). CoNNOPHEON CAPILLOSULUM Lec, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 152. Rather stout and inflated. Dark reddish-brown ; elytra paler and brighter red, thickly clothed with long, erect, pale hairs; legs paler. Antennae dull yellow, long and slender, the club rather abrupt. Thorax slightly wider than long, sides feebly curved, disk with a distinct sub-basal impression, Interrupted at middle. Elytra nearly twice as wide as thorax, humeral fold long and strong, subhumeral impression large and conspicuous, inner fovea distinct. Length 1.6 mm. Marion and Putnam coionties ; scarce. March 17-April 22. C. poliium Say has been taken in northern Illinois; C. nigrum Casey was described from Michia'an and C. pumilum Casey from New York, Canada and Iowa. In addition to those described, there are in the collection at hand about eight species of Connophron which I have not been able to identify with Casey's key. Since his collection of types is inac- cessible for reference, they are for the present left unnamed. Tribe II. SGYDJIiENINI. As at present restricted this tribe is represented in the United States by only two genera, one o£ which occurs in Indiana. IV ScYDM^NUs Latr. 1802. (Gr., "sad -h colored. ") The members of this genus are distinguished from those of the preceding tribe by the smaller thorax, which is more dilated in front, narrowed toward base, the sides sinuate behind the middle; more elliptical and convex elytra ; wider neck ; antennsE enlarged toward apex but never with distinct club; scutellum usually dis- tinct ; legs long and well developed, the femora, especially the front ones, distinctly clavate. But one species has been taken in the State, though two others may occur. KEY TO INDIAKA SPECIES OF SCYDM^NDS. a. Head not impressed ; thorax with four sub-basal fovese ; scutellum dis- tinct. 6. Elytra feebly inflated and strongly but gradually narrowed behind; body black. perfobatus. 66. Elytra strongly inflated, less narrowed behind; piceous, the elytra paler. 585. badius. aa. Head with two impressions on vertex ; thorax with six sub-basal foveje ; scutellum very minute; length less than 1 mm. cokpusculum. S. perforatum Schaumm. length 1-1.2 mm., ranges from Massa- chusetts to Iowa. 302 FAMILY IX. — SOTDM^NID^. 5S5 ( ). ScTDM^NUs BADius Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, 1S07, 475. Oval, rather strongly inflated. Piceous, shining; elytra reddish-brown, sparsely clothed with rather long, yellowish recurved hairs; antennae and legs pale reddish-brown. Head much wider than long ; eyes prominent. An- tennae a little less than half the length of body, the joints somewhat bead- like, the outer ones gradually enlarged. Thorax as long as wide, one-fourth wider than head, dilated and narrowly rounded at apical third, the sides thence converging and broadly sinuate to base, the fovese small but distinct. Elytra four-flfths wider than thorax, sparsely and rather finely but dis- tinctly punctate ; inner basal fovea large. Length 1.1-1.3 mm. "Wayne County; scarce. May 26. S. corpusculum Casey is known from Canada and Pennsylvania. Tribe III. OPRESINI. Very minute species, chiefly distinguished by the long proster- num in front of the coxse. To the tribe Casey has ascribed three genera. Of these Opresus, having the eyes median, thorax im- pressed at base and scutellum invisible, is represented by three known species, each less than .7 of one mm. in length, which occur from Pennsylvania to Georgia. Delius, differing in having the scutellum distinct and the elytral suture elevated, is also repre- sented by a single species of the same size in Pennsylvania; while Neladius, having the eyes in front of middle, thorax not impressed at base and scutellum distinct, is also known by one species from Pennsylvania. Tribe IV. CEPHENIINI. Represented by the single genus: V. Cephennium MuUer. 1822. (Gr., "red or purple color.") Small convex species having the head triangular and strongly deflexed, but slightly visible from above; antennte widely sepa- rated, their clubs 3-jointed, the joints increasing rapidly in thick- ness; thorax with a feeble fovea near each hind angle; scutellum distinct. 586 (1855). Cephennium cohpoeosum Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 150. Oblong-oval, rather robust, strongly convex. Dark reddish-brown, shin- ing, sparsely clothed with rather short, yellowish recurved hairs; antennae and legs paler, the former one-half the length of body. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, sides broadly curved ; disk convex, with a broad shallow fovea near each hind angle. Elytra together not longer than wide, not wider than thorax, finely and very sparsely punctate ; each with a narrow, deep impressed line on basal third just within the humerus and a deep basal fovea near suture. Length 1 mm. THE ANT-LIKE STONE BEETLES. 303 Putnam and Posey counties; scarce. April 17-April 22. Sifted from damp vegetable debris. Tribe V. EUTHEIINI. This tribe, as characterized in the key, is represented by three genera. No species of the tribe has as yet been noted in Indiana, though all of the genera may occur. KEY TO GENEEA OF EUTHEIINI. o. Hind coxae widely separated ; length 1-1.5 mm. 6. Mesosternum broad and flat; antenn® only moderately enlarged at tips. EUTHEIA. 66. Mesosternum strongly carinate ; last antennal joint much enlarged. Vehaphis. aa. Hind coxjb very moderately separated ; length less than .7 mm. EXJTHIODES. Veraphis cristata Brend., black, shining, head with a short carina, length 1-2 mm., was described from Pennsylvania. Euthi- odes latus Brend., brownish-yellow, length .7 mm., is known from Iowa. Tribe VI. EUMICRINI. This tribe, as defined in the key, is composed of three genera, two of Avhich are represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF ET7MICKINI. ft. First joint of hind tarsi only moderately elongate; scutellum visible but minute; body stouter. VI. Edmicrus. Oft. First joint of hind tarsi fully as long as the next two combined ; scu- tellum wholly wanting ; body smaller and more slender. VII. ACHOLEEOPS. VI. EuMiCEUs Lap. 1840. (Gr., "good 4- small.") Stout convex species having the head large and thick; eyes lo- cated in front of middle ; neck strongly constricted ; antennse rather long, funicle capable of being reflexed into the excavated apex of basal joint, club 3- jointed; thorax usually with two small foveas each side near base; femora strongly and abruptly clavate. One species has been taken, while three others may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF EUMICRUS. ft. Front broad and feebly prominent between the antennae; elytra distinct- ly impressed at base, their pubescence rather dense, moderately long and recurved. 6. Larger, 2.5 mm. ; elytra broadly oval, two-fifths longer than wide ; thorax densely punctured toward base. geossus. [20—23402] 304 FAiQLY IX. SCYDM.ENID^. 66. Smaller, not over 1.7 mm.; femora abruptly clavate; thorax not longer than wide and subglobular ; body s^tout ; antennae with a strong and gradually formed club. 587. motschulsku. aa. Front strongly prolonged between the antennas; elytra not at all im- pressed at base, their pubescence long, sparse, erect and bristling. c. Hind femora not dentate on outer side ; thorax not quite as long as wide ; color pale brownish-yellow. ochbeatus. cc. Hind femora dentate on outer side near the trochanters ; color pale reddish-brown. cBrRALis. E. grossus Lee. dark chestnut brown, is a southern species which has been taken near Cincinnati. .:iS7 (1850). EUMICKUS iiOTScHULSKH Lec, X. Sp. X. Amer. Col., I, 1863,26. Rather stout ; suboval, strongly convex. Dark chest- nut brown, rather thickly clothed with recurved yel- ,/^ lowish hairs; legs slightly paler. Antenn® three-flfths as long as body, ninth joint as long and twice as wide as the two preceding united; tenth still wider; eleventh as long as ninth and tenth together. Thorax ovate, con- vex, widest and rounded in front of middle; disk with- out punctures, but with two distinct foveae each side near base. Elytra short, broad, very convex, not quite twice as long as and about three-flfths wider than thorax; sparsely but distinctly punctate. Length 1.7 mm. (Fig. 14.5.) Southern half of State; frequent. April 10-Oet.ober 31. Forty or more specimens were sifted from decaying woody fungi on a maple log near Broad Kipple on the latter date. E. ochreaius. and E. cntvaJh, each 2 mm. in length, were both described bv C'ase^' from Central Illinois. VII. AcHoiiEEOPS Casey. 1807. Xarrow-bodied species ha^dng the sub-basal fovete of thorax ven' faint; scutellum AvhoUy ^Tanting. One of the two recognized spe- cies occurs in the State. 588 (1854). AcHOLEROPS ZIMMERMAN' XI Schaum.. Analecta Entom., 18-1:1. 26. Narrowly suboval, strongly convex. Uniform dark reddish-brown, shin- ing. Head wider than long; eyes rilaced in front of middle. Antennse one- half as long as body, club gradually and feebly thickened, ninth joint ob- conic. as long and two-thirds as thick as the two preceding united, tenth slightly wider, eleventh still thicker but not as long as ninth and tenth together. Thorax longer than wide, widest and more rounded at apical third, the sides thence oblique and straight to base; disk rather coarsely, THE ANT-LOVIN-G BEETLES. 305 Closely and. rugosely punctured near base. Elytra one-half longer than wide, two-thirds wider than thorax, coarsely and rather sparsely punctate, and sparsely clothed with short, stifC recurved hairs. Length 1.5 mm. Lawrence County; rare. October 16. Taken from nest of red ants beneath decaying- log. Family X. PSELAPHID.;>fiT'M. ee. Maxillary ])alpi with the last two ioints very transverse, fusiform and compressed. III. Ceophyllus. 66. Antennae elavate, the last joint usually gradually larger. (I. Last three joints of maxillary palpi bearing bristle-like appendages on the sides. e. Appendages of last three joints of maxillary palpi short, the joints triangular; abdomen carinate. IV. Tmesiphobis. ce. Appendages very long, the last three joints oval-transverse. V. PiLOPIUS. fhl. Maxillary palpi without appenda^res on the sides. f. Last two joints of maxillary palpi lunate, or half-moon shaped, the terminal one linger. VI. Cedius. ff. Last two joints noi lunate. g. Last three joints nt antenn;t' forming a club; last joint of max- illary palpi elongate and with a terminal bristle. A'll. Tyrfs. yg. Last joint of antenna-' very large, rounded ; last joint of palpi cylindrical, rouiiilert at tip. VIII. Hamott'S. THE ANT-LOVING BEETLES. 309 aa. Tarsi with a single claw ; maxillary palpi very long. h. Last joint of maxillary palpi club-shaped, very long, third small, globular. Pselaphus. hh. Last joint of maxillary palpi long, hatchet-shaped, third triangular. IX. Ttohus. Che7inium monilicoriie Lee, reddish-brown, thorax as long as wide, pubescence short, dense, appressed, length 2.8 mm., has been taken near Cincinnati and probably occurs in the hilly regions of southern Indiana. (Fig. 146, a.) III. Ceophyllus Lee. 1849. (Gr., "I hide + a leaf.") Antennal tubercles wider than long, contiguous; pubescence short, fine, appressed; front femora each with three strong spines near the base. One species is known. Fig. 147. u, CeophyUus monilis; b, TmesipAorus costalw; c, Hamotus batrisioides. All highly magnified. (After Brendel and Wickham.) *591 (18GG). Ceophyllus monilis Lee, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, VI, 1849, 73. Elongate-oval. Reddish-trown, not punctate. Head as long and three- fourths as wide as thorax. Antennae stout, half the length of body, male with second joint two-thirds the length of first, third and fourth equal, wider than second ; fifth to tenth globose, the eighth largest ; eleventh wider and bluntly pointed ; female with joints subequal and slightly increasing in size toward tips. Thorax bell-shaped, as long as wide, sides evenly curved ; disk with a fine impressed line at base and a fovea each side. Elytra one- half wider at base than thorax, front half of disk flat with a feebly im- pressed groove. Abdomen a little narrower than elytra. Length 3.3 mm. (Fig. 147, a.) Vigo, Franklin, Crawford and Posey counties; scarce. Febru- ary 28-September 10. Occurs beneath bark of rotten stumps. 310 FAMILY X. — PSELAPHIDJ.. IV. Tmesiphorus Lec. 1849. (Gr., "a fissure + to carry.") AntennaB clavate ; frontal tubercles longer than wide : fourth joint o£ maxillary palpi triangular and emarginate; head and tho- rax with a network of large rounded punctures. Two species are known. 59:2 (1869). Tmesiphokus costalis Lee.. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, VI, 1S49. 77. Elongate-oval. Piceous, shining, clothed with short, fine, appressed yel- lowish hairs. Head two-thirds as long as broad : frontal fissure deep, branching behind the frontal tubercles towards the fovea on vertex ; eyes prominent Antennre of male more than half the length of body, second joint cylindrical, one-third as long and two-thirds as wide as first ; third to seventh globular, eighth to tenth gradually larger, obconlcal, eleventh as long as ninth and tenth together, notched on one side near base; female an- tennse shorter, less robust and without notch on last joint. Thorax bell- shaped, with an obtuse tubercle each side near middle, disk with two fovese on apical third and a larger one each side near base. Elytra each with a broad, flat-bottomed groove on basal half, convex behind; humeri high. ^- Fig. 148. a, Cedius spinosm; 6, Cedius ziegleri; c. Tmesiphorus carinaius; d, Pilopius lacustris. All highly magnified. (After Brendel and Wickham.) prominent Abdomen broadly margined, first and second dorsal segments carinate on the sides. Length .3.3 mm. (Fig. 147, b.) Throughout the State; common, ilarch 31-Deeember 29. Oc- curs beneath stones and "bark and in ants' nests. Gregarious in wdnter beneath half-buried logs in iipland woods. 593 (1870). Tmesiphobus cabinatus Say. Journ. Phil. Acad. Xat Sci., lY. 1S24. 97; ibid. II, 235. Pale l•eddish-b^o^^^l, densely punctate; pubescence short, appressed. Ver- tex with median frontal groove broader and not connected by branches with the fo^-ea. Front fovea of thorax wanting. Abdomen with a median carina, as well as one each side on the second and third dorsal segments. Other- wise as in costalis. Length 2.5 mm. ( Fig. 14S. c.) Crawford County; rare. August 13. THE ANT-LOVING BEETLES. 311 V. PiLOPius Casey. 1897. Antenna? approximate at base, clavate; joints 2-4 of maxillary palpi with long bristle-like appendages, the second joint bent and clavate, the third transversely lunate; abdomen with second and third ventrals not mucli longer than fourth; first four visible dorsals equal in length; front femora with stiff, erect bristles, but withoiit spines. Two species are known from the State and another probably occurs. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OP PILOPITJS. a. Pubescence rather sparse; last joint of antennae as long as the three preceding combined. 6. Tenth antennal joint not at all longer than wide, the sixth joint as long as fifth ; body stout ; elytra nearly as long as wide. 504. LACUSTEIS. 66. Tenth antennal joint distinctly longer than wide. c. Body stout, generally dark In color ; abdomen always black or blackish ; thorax feebly transverse, never more than one-half as wide as elytra ; fifth antennal joint slightly longer than fourth. lOWENSIS. cc. Body narrower, pale in color throughout, the abdomen never black- ish ; elytra nearly as long as wide, rather longer than head and thorax combined. 595. zimmermanni. aa. Pubescence dense, shorter and more scale-like; last antennal joint much shorter than the three preceding combined ; elytra as long as head and thorax. consobeinus. *594 ( ). PiMPius LAousTBis Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IX, 1897, 619. Rather stout, subconvex. Dark reddish-brown; elytra, antenniE and legs paler. Head as wide as long; occiput with two large fovere between the eyes. Antennie of male three-fourths the length of body, joints cylin- drical, nearly equal ; of female, shorter with joints 7-10 short, transverse, last joint shorter, oblong-oval. Thorax wider than long, disk with an ob- long median fovea at base, reaching almost to middle, and a smaller one each side. Elytra slightly wider at base than thorax, thence gradually widening to apex, each with a fine, entire sutural and median stria. Ab- donien convex, margin broad, tip rounded. Length 1.8 mm. (Fig. 148. d.) Southern half of State: common. April 5-Deeember 23. Oc- curs beneath logs and bark ; gregarious in winter. A number were once swept from stems of blue-grass in May. Usually known as P piceus Lee, from which it is distinguished by its more elongate and paler elytra and shorter tenth antennal joint. P iou-rnsis Casey, length 1.7 mm,, was described from Iowa. 595 (187?. I . PiLOPius ZIMMERMANNI Lec, Bost. Joum. Nat. Hist., VI, 1849, 79. Pale brownish-yellow, sparsely pubescent. Head with frontal groove not reacliing the oblong frontal foveae; occiput elevated, its foveje larger, 312 FAJIILY X. — PSELAPHId;. farther apart and near the eye. Thorax as long as wide, narrower in front than in laciistiis. the median foyese nearly circular, the ones on sides small. Elytra more convex, the lines or strife less deep. Length 1.7 mm. Jackson and Cra-nf ord counties ; searoe. August 15-Oc-tober 14. P consolirinns Lee, pubescence ^-ery dense, giving a very rough appearance, is said to occur "east of the ^lississippi River," but has not yet been taken in the State. YI. Cedicts Lee. 1S49. (Gr.. "careful.") Antennal tubercles Avider than long, contiguous ; last two joints of maxillary palpi unequal, the fourth oblong, thicker; front fe- mora each with three strong spines on basal half. Two of the three species are known from the State. KEY TO INDIAJTA SPECIES OF CEDIUS. a. Larger and more robust, 2.5-2.7 mm. : head transversel.v excavated be- tween the antennal cavities. ."I'.iil ziegleri. (/«. Smaller and more narrow, not over 2 mm. ; head not excavated at apex. 597. SPixosus. 596 (1SG7). CEDirs ziegleki Lee. Bost Journ. Nat. Hist, VL 1S49, 74. Fuscous-brown, clothed with short dense appressed hairs. Head as long as wide ; disk between the prominent eyes convex, punctured and with two circular fovere: sides with a spine behind each eye. Antennie nearly half the length of body ; joints 2-4 ert. straight and parallel. prxcTicouis. //. Thorax not punctured'; body black or piceous. witli bright red ely- tra ; male with lasrt dorsal with a broad rounded notch and last ventral broadly concave. corporalis. hh. Antennne dissimilar in the sexes, that of male with fifth joint strong- ly dilated, the sixth scarcely longer than seventh; elytra dark red- dish-brown, pbopixqua. I'OT (]!i2si. i:eichexbachia gemmifer T.ec-.. Trans. Amer. Ent. S .c. YIII. 1S80. 182. Dark reddish-brown; antenna;, legs and elytra paler; pubescence very fine and short. Head as long as wide, the three fovese circular and equal in size. Antenna' half as long as body; second joint as long but not as thick as first: third to eighth cyliudriral and stibequal : nintli obeonicnl. slightly longer and thicker ; tenth larger, subglobular ; eleventh twice as thick as tenth, as long as the three preceding. Thorax subglobular, strongly convex, median fovea; small, deep: side ones as large as those of head: disk finely, evenly but distinctly punctate. Klytra at base one-third wider than thorax, smooth except near tips: each with a wide shallow discal line. Carinse of first dorsal short ami strongly divergent. Length 1.4 mm. Putnam Cmint>" ; rai-e. April 17. Taken by sifting. tiOS (ri.3S8'>. Reiciiexbac HIA caxadexsis Brend.. Trans. Amer. Ent 8oc.. XIV. ISST. 206. More slender than (icnnnifi r. with darker bod.v. Thorax one-third broailer than long, densely and coarsely punctured, the median fovea smaller. Elytra at base not wider than thorax, distinctly but finely and sparsely punctate; iliseal lines deeper and more distinct. Length l.ri mui. 'I'JIIO ANT-].0\'IX(! liUETLES. 'V2] Starke County; rare, ilay 18-June 17. Sifted from vege- table debris on margin of sphagnum swamp. liOrt (19S0). REicHEi\i:AcinA RAnTANS Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1880, ]S2. rniform light chestnut lii-dwn; antetuifp and lens paler. Head as wide as long; the f(.ve:e small but deep. Autenn;e longer than head and thorax, the .ioints nearl.v as in (lemiiiifer. the eighth and ninth smaller than there. Thnrax subglobose. smooth, the fovese on sides (jue-third larger than those ot head, the median one mucli sniallor. Elytra at hasp one-third wider than thor,-i-\. finely, s]>arsely and somewhat roughly punctate. Carina of first dorsal reaching ni'arl.\- to middle of segment. Length .1.5 mm. One specimen in "Webster collection labeled "Ind.," LeConte's type, came from Illinois and his description is so brief that I am not cei'tain as to the identity of the specimen at hand. However, it runs to radxiiis both in his key and in that of Brendel. R. cribricoUis Brend., jnceous-black, elytra dark red, length 1.3 mm., is known from Illinois and Iowa. B. congener Brend. (Fig. 150, c.) , reddish-brown, length .9 mm., is an eastern species which is recorded from Cincinnati. • no (1932). Reichenbachia eubeicckda Aube, Ann. Soc. Ent, II, 116. Piceous-black, not punctured ; elytra, legs and anteume dull red. Head wider than long; foveas large, equal. Antenna not half as long as body, second joint oblong ; third to seventh equal, cylindrical ; eighth globular ; ninth as long and twice as wide as third ; tenth subglobular, one-half thicker than ninth; el'.'vciith one-half wider than tenth and longer than the two preceding. Thcrax one-third wider than long; foveie on sides very large, median one small and deep. Elytra at base as wide as thorax at middle, humeri prominent; discal lines reaching aiiical third. Length 1.;i-1.5 mm. Tliroughont the State ; conmion. April 17-June 13. Occurs be- neath cover in damp localities. Cll (1935). Reichenbachia gkacilis Casey, Contrib. Desc. Coleop. N. A., I, 1884, 32. Dark piceous-red ; pubescence long, subereet and pale ; elytra dull red ; antennae and legs paler. Head longer than wide; fovese deep and equal. Antennae longer than head and thorax, first three joints gradually decreas- ing in size; fourth to eighth equal, slender, subcylindrical ; ninth subglobose, thicker; tenth nearly twice as wide as long; eleventh compressed, as Ion;; as the three preceding together. Thorax wider than long, strongly con- vex, polished, fove.-i' (tu sides large, median one minute. Elytra very con- vex-, discal lines sharii. nearly entire. Length 1.4 nmi. (Fig. 150, 6.) Starke and Oraniz'e counties: rare. June 2— Tune ]6. Beaten from hickory. 322 I?AiIILT X. PSELAPHID.E. B. pnnctiroUis Lee, black with riist-red elyti-a, legs and an- tennae, length 1.4 mm., is recorded as occurring in the "region east of the Mississippi Eiver." B. carporalis Casey, length 1.7 mm., ■nas described from ^Michigan and Canada. B. propinqiia Lee.. piceous-black, elytra dark blood-red, length 1.4 inm., is a boreal spe- cies which probably inhabits northern Indiana. (Fig. 150, d.) Eupsenius glaber Lee, yellow, without pubescence or punctures, length 1 mm., is a southern species which may occur in the Ohio River counties. Anchylarthron {Yerticivofus) cornutus Brend., dark yellow, faintly punctured, sparsely pubescent, is recorded from Ohio and Iowa. Fig. 151. u, Battisodes iojue; 6, Batrisodes ferox; c, Batrisodes globosus- d, Batrisodes spretus. AH highhf magnified. (After Brendel and Wickham.) XIV. Batrisodes Reitt. 1S81. (Gr., "Batrisus-hlike.") A large genus of subeylindrical, rather narrow, elongate spe- cies, haAdng the head elongate-oblong, with two f ovese connected by a curved groove on vertex ; antennae with a three- jointed club ; last joint of maxillary palpi fusiform, more convex on the outer side; thorax with t"^^•o or three longitudinal grooves and a transverse curved groove connecting the three basal foveie ; elytra very convex, their discal lines confined to basal half; legs long, femora clavate. The species which have been taken or perhaps occur in the State may be separated into two groups as follows : KEY TO GBOUPS OF I^JDIANA BATRISODES. u. Hind tibise without a terminiil sijur; elytra each with two foveas at base. Group A. aa. Hiud tibire with a long terminal spur ; elytra each with three fovea? at base. Group B. TUE ANT-LOVING BEE1'J,HS. 323 Gbodp a. key to species of group a. a. Vertex without a median carina ; occiput swollen behind, overlapping the neck ; middle femora of male with a curved spine near the tro- chanters. 612. lON^. (/((. Aertex with one or more carinse. h. Wrtfx with three carinsB converging in front. .-. l''ront tlbi;o of male with a strong recurved spine near the middle; middle femora notched above. (Pig. 151, 6.) (K Occiput swollen above; hind tarsi of male with second joint di- lated. AKMIGEi;. . (1(1. Occiput not swollen ; hind tarsi of male simple ; elytra punctu- late ; ninth anteunal joint one-half the width of tenth, eleventh wider than tenth, ovate. 613. eebox. cc. Front, tibiae of male simple ; middle femora not notched above ; hind tibiae rather suddenly and strongly dilated on the inner side at basal third. 614. cavicbus. B6. Vertex with one median carina. 615. coneinis. *612 (1894). Batkisodes ion.^ Lee, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, VI, 1849, 94. Uniform reddish-brown, shining, sparsely clothed with long yellowish hairs. Head longer than broad, its surface sloping from the prominent occiput to front margin. Antennte half the length of body, joints 2 to 8 subequal, ninth larger, slightly transverse; tenth large, globular; eleventh oblong-ovate, much thicker and toothed on inner side in male. Thorax bell-shaped, widest at middle, slightly narrower at base; disk with three impressed lines, the median one entire and ending at base in a small fovea ; sides with a small acute tubercle. Elytra sparsely and distinctly punctate ; humeri rounded, not prominent. Abdomen slightly depressed at base, sparsely and finely punctate. Length 2.5-2.7 mm. (Mg. 151, a.) Vigo and Crawford counties; rare. August 10-December 10. One specimen on the latter date from beneath a partly buried chunk in sandy woods. A species of southern range, described from Georgia. B. armiger Lee., reddish-brown, sparsely pubescent, length 2.4 mm., is known from Pennsylvania. 013 (1898a). Batkisodes eeeox Lee, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, VI, 1849, 95. Unifoi-m reddish-brown, rather sparsely pubescent Head quadrate; fovece of vertex small and in a line behind the middle. Antennae half the length of body, joints 3-5 cylindrical, 6-9 quadrate or rounded and slightly wider ; tenth larger, globose in male, obconical in female ; eleventh thicker, oblique, tnincate at apex, rounded at base, as long as the two preceding. Thorax widest at aiMcal third, sides strongly curved, apex half as wide as base ; disk with three impressed lines, median one obsolete in front ; basal foveie deep. Elytra one-sixth wider at base than thorax, finely and evenly punctate ; humeri with an obtuse spine. Carinse of basal dorsal very short, separatetl liy one-flfth the width of segment. Length 2.4 mm. (Fig. 151, 6.) c- •>-4 FAMCLY X. — rSELAPHID^. Throughout the State; frequent. April 9-Xovember 28. c-urs in nests of rod ants. Lasius, beneath stones. Readily known by the notched ape.x of middle femora. 1114 (0422). Batbisodes caticku.s Casey. Ann. N. Y. Aend. 8ci.. VII. Isfif!. 408. Reddish-brown, cnaisely and sii:ii-sely imliescent ; elytra, legs and club of ,LUtenn;v paler. Head wider tJnau long, as wide as thorax. Antennse half as lon.2: as Imd.v. se<-(md .joint iontier than tliird; tliree to eight equal in widtli. .gradually shorter: nintli and tentli abruptly wider, slightly trans- verse; eleventli inui-h larger, snbgldbnlar. Thorax slightl.v longer than wide ; median sulcus of disk feeble, with two or three acute recurved spines e.icli .side: median sub-basal fovea large, the side ones distinct. Elytra as long as wide, nut punctata: humeri rounded. Carinie of first dorsal sep- arated by line-sixth the width of segment. Male with a rounded sultapical impression on last ventral. Length l.s mm. Crawford County; rare. August 15. Described from North ( 'aroliua. Dury finds it rather plentiful near Cineinnati. r.lo (ISOCil. Batrisodes co?vFixis Bee. Bost. Journ. Nat Hist.. VI. 1S4!I. !Mi. Reddish-brown, shining, finely and sparsely pubescent. Head as broad as long, vertex elevated with one median carina. Antennae slender, half as long as body, joints I'-f) subequal. tenth but one-third thicker and not longer than ninth, eleventh oval, acute, twice as long and one-half wider than tenth. Thorax as wide as long, median sulcus fine, entire, basal fovese very small, side one-^ distinct. Elytra at base not wider than thorax, smooth, humeri feeble, discal lines very short. Length 2 mm. Putnam County: rare. April 22. Geotjp B. In this group the hind tibi;e bear at the outer end a very fine and slender terminal simr, and the base of each elytron is marked with three small rounded fovea^ (two in froiifalis). The following species are known from or probably occur in the State. KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP B. ". Front of head in either sex not separated by a sulcus or groove from the clypeus: last antemial joint of male with an erect basal tooth; thorax with crests on disk : elytra strongly punctate. schaumii. (Id. Frontal margin in the nuile separated from the clypeus by a sulcus or excavation : in the female continuous with the clypeus. 6. Antennre stout, the .ioiuts almost all wider than long, head-like, sev- enth iind ei.ghth smaller than those preceding or following. 616. CASEYI. 66. Antemial joints, especially tho,se of funicle, more slender, not wider than long, jniuts 7 and S not smaller. THE ANT-LOVING BEETLES. 325 c. Frontal margin produced l)ey(jnd the line between tbe bases of an- tennae. (I. Vertex more or less scabvons <.r mugbened and carinate. e. Vertex vaulted or elevated, feebly scabrous; Inst anteuual joint of male loug, with an erect tootb; elytra punctate, tbe sboul- ders not angnlate ; lengtb 1.5 mm. G17. kiparius. cc. Xevtfx not vaulted, c(^arsely scabrous; last autennal .joint of male without a tooth; length 2.2 mm. i ;'. Fovea' of occiput not pubescent ; frontal margin of male notched in middle; shoulders angnlate. scabriceps. /'/. Fdvea' of orci]iut piiliescent; head very flat; frontal margin triangular; thorax with conspicuous dis(/al crests and deeii grooves, so that Ihe disk ai)iiears to l)e marked with five lines. lANEATicor.i.iM. (Id. A'ei'tcx smooth ; front more or less elevated. ,(/. Antenna' alilvo in tlie sexes; foveie of occiput pubescent; ver- tex not carinate. li. Thorax without crests or sjiines; sulcus of vertex deep; ely- tra not punctate; length 2.2 mm. pkontalis. lili. Thorax with four basal spines; sulcus of vertex shallow; elytra very finely and sparsely punctate; length 1.!) mm. SIMPLEX. gg. Antennae unlike in the sexes, tbe tenth .joint in male globose and very large; in female but one-half thicker than ninth; fovese of occiput not pubescent; vertex carinate; length 1.7 mm. 618. globosus. cc. Frontal margin not produced beyond the line between the bases of antennae; tenth antenual joint of male very large. /. Humeri blunt, rounded ; fove;e of occiput not pubescent. j. Reddish-brown ; tenth joint in male with a small fovea at the base; length 2 una. 610. viegini.e. /;. Black or piceous; antennie and legs red; tenth joint foveate on under side. , 7i. Median sulcus of thorax obsolete; length 1.6 mm. 020. SI'BETIS. II-. JXedian sulcus present; fovea> on under surface of tenth joint very large. 621. fovkicoknis. )'/. Humeri spinous; fovea of occiput laibcsceut; length 2 mm. /. Piasal joint of male antenmc bluntly toothed lielow. teulh joint large, with a small, round, deeii puncture at b.-ise on under side. jiK>iTrcoLLis. //. Basal joint not toothed below ; tenth joint not punctate be- neath ; black, with reddish antennje and legs. m. El.vtra smooth, vertex not jamctate; third jiiut of male an- tenna' longer than second or foui'tli and sw(dlen on one side. 622. xKiRiOANs. ;;()//. Kl.\ira indistinctly puiiclale; vei'tex with a central trans- verse punctui'e ; three l)asal joints of imtennai subequallj' decreasing in size. striatus. 326 FAMILY X. — PSELAPIIID/E. B. schaumii Aube, piceous-black, length 2.1 mm., is known from Pennsylvania and Illinois. 616 ( ). Batkisodes caseyi Dury Mss. Uniform reddish or chestnut-brown, sparsely clothed with stiff, sub- erect yellowish hairs. Head large, as wide as thorax ; vertex strongly swollen, not carinate; foveoe of occiput very small. Antennse short, stout, reaching base of thorax, joints 2 to 10 wider than long, 11 oblong-oval, nearly as long as the three preceding. Thorax as wide as long, median sulcus deep, abbreviated in front, basal fovece round, deep. Elytra smooth, convex, humeri not prominent. Length 2.5 mm. Posey County ; rare. April 26. Taken from beneath chunk in open sandy woods. Dury has three or four from Kentucky opposite Cincinnati. 017 (1902). Batkisodes kiparitjs Say, Joum. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., IV. 1824, 98 ; ibid. II, 235. Reddish-brown, sparsely pubescent. Head slightly wider than long, its margin broad, flat, produced in front ; the foveas small, deep, not pubescent. Antennae of male half the length of body, joints 2 to S gradually smaller and rounded ; ninth much larger, transverse, toothed on outer side ; tenth still larger, globose; eleventh not as thick, more than twice as long, with a large tooth inside the base ; in female the joints are regular, the last one not as long as the two preceding, acute-ovate. Thorax slightly longer than broad, sparsely punctate, the basal fovea small, distinct. Elytra very con- vex, strongly punctured; humeri blunt or rounded. Length 1.4-1.6 mm. Posey f'Dnntv; rare, j^pril 18-April 22. B. scabrir.eps Lee. piceous. legs and antenna^ paler, is said to occur from Pennsylvania to Illinois and Iowa. B. Jineaticollis Aube and B. frontalis Lee have been recorded from Cincinnati. B. simplex Lee. is a boreal spej^ies which has been taken in northern Illinois. 618 (1903). Batkisodes globosl's Lee., r.ost. Journ. Xat. Hist., VI, 1840. 100. Reddish-brown, shining, sparsely and finely pubescent. Head with ver- tex roof -shaped, the crest carinate; fovcic small, deep, rcmnd, not pubes- cent; margin broad, flat, densely punctate. AntennsE half as long as l«>(ly. second joint obconieal, three to eight globular and of same width as sec- ond; ninth thicker, wider than long; tenth in male globular, four times as thick as ninth; eleventh narrower than tenth, ovate, acute, obliquely impressed from middle en outer side. Thorax slitrUtly wider than luiis, median sulcus deep, ending near base in a deep fovea from which a trans- verse groove curves to fove;e on sides. Elytra indistinctly punitulale, mie- half longer than thorax, each with three small, rounded fove;e at l)ase; discal lines short, shallow; humeri tulierculate. Le.iis lung, tliighs clavatc. Length 1.8 mm. (Fig. 151, c.) Till! ANT-LOVINU BEETLES. 327 Throughout the State; common, ilarch 5-November 28. Oc- curs in numbers in the large cone-shaped nests of ants and beneath stones on sloping hillsides. 619 (1910). Batkisodes vibgini^ Casey, Contrib. to Desc. of Coleop. of N. A., II, 1884, 90. Reddish-bi-owji, shining; elytra darli reel; antennre and legs paler. Ile.nd large, quadrate, punctured in front ; eyes small; vertex with two small, niunded foveie connected by a curved groove. Aiitenn;e less than half the length of body, first .loint as long as the next two together, second li>nger than third; 3 to 8 quadrate, equal; ninth larger, one-half wider-thau lung; tenth large, globular; eleventh as long as three preceding together, obliquely- acuminate. Thorax as wide as long, median sulcus narrow, deep, with a small erect tooth each side of the basal median fovea. Elytra finely, sparse- ly and distinctly punctate. Length 2 mm. Putnam, Fayette and Crawford counties; frequent. April 17- August 15. 620 (1906). Batrisodes spketus Lee, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., VI, 1849, 100. Piceous-black ; elytra dark red, sparsely and finely pubescent. Head wider than long, wider than thorax, punctulate in front, smooth behind ; eyes prominent ; occiput elevated, broadly depressed each side ; vertex not earinate. Antenme reaching base of thoras, joints 2 to 8 oblong; ninth longer and wider, transverse ; tenth large, quadrate-rounded ; eleventh twice as long but narrower than tenth, ovate-acuminate. Tliorax slightly longer than wide, widest before the middle, median basal fovea small ; basal tuber- cles minute. Elytra convex, not punctured ; humeri without tubercles. Length 1.7 mm. (Fig. 151, d.) Southern half of !-itate ; fref[iiciit. April 17-()ctober 11. Taken by sifting damp vegetable debris and in nests of white ants. 621 (9414). Batrisodes foveicoenis Casey, Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., II, 1887, 462. Reddish-brown, not punctate; sparsely clothed with long hairs. Head as wide as long ; vertex nearly flat, earinate at middle. Antennae with sec- ond joint one-third shorter and narrower than first ; third to seventh longer than wide, eighth quadrate; ninth wider than long; tenth much wider, globose, flattened and with a large fovea beneath in male ; eleventh wider and as long as the three preceding together. Thorax with foveiB and sulci deep, the median sulcus obsolete on basal third. Elytra with rounded humeri. Length 2 mm. Monroe Count v; rare. IMay 13. Sifted from debris of beech stump. B. flenticollin Casey, black, elytra dark red, antennae and legs paler, length l.S mm., is known from Virginia and Iowa. ■ y2^ FAMITA- X. PSET.APHIDiE. r V,-2-2 ( T.li)4). IlATUisuDES XIGHICANS Lec, P.cist. Joui'ii. Nat. Hist, VI. 1849, 00. ISlaclc. sbiuiiig, sparsely puliesoeiit ; autemiine, palpi and lej;s retldisli. Head as loug as broad, front punctate ; vertex convex, cariuate. Autenme with fourth joint half as ^^■ide and about as long as third; fifth to eighth subequal, as wide as loug; ninth longer, rounded; tenth nearly twice as thiclv as ninth, globose; eleventh one-half longer, ovate, acute. Thorax with median sulcus very dcisp, the basal tubercles acute; fovene on sides of base pubescent. Elytra with humeri subacute, diseal lines reaching middle, r^cugtli 2 mm. Lake County; rare .Mhv 1. 11. sirialus Tjpc, of whicli simplr.r Lee. is perhaps a synonym, is said to occur from AFassachnsetts 1o the ^Missouri River. Tribe lU. EUPLECTIXI. In this tribe the form is more depressed and linear than in those preceding, thus approaching the Staphyliniche. They have the an- 1enn;e widely separated at liase; ahdonien distinctly margined, with six veidral segments: hind co.xre" conical, promiin'nt a,nd contiguous. The following- genera, a.s limited by Casey, are proliably represented in the State. KEr TO INDIANA GENERA OF ECPLEOTINI. a. Tarsi with two equal claws; antennre slender, bead-like, last three joints forming a loose club; first visible dorsal nearly as long as second and without pubescent line. Uafoxus. aa. Tarsi with two unequal claws or with but a single claw. Ij. Antennte elbowed, the basal joint elongate; thorax twice as wide as long, bilobed, and armed at sides with three inflexed spines. XT. RHExirs. hi). Antennae straight, fii-st joint not elongate. c. Tarsi with two unequal claws, the second in the form of an aiv pendage nearly one-half the length of the principal claw. rf. Thorax with a fine entire median groove, its sides not spinous ; body shorter, head more transverse; elytra eacli with four basal punctures, prolonged baeliward by a Hue. XVI. Rhexidiis. dd. Thorax without a median impressed line; body longer, more parallel; head less transverse. Rameci.\. cc. Tarsi with but a single claw, or with the second one very minute. c. Anteunal club gradually formed, the last joint only moderate in size. f. Prosteruum not carinnte along the middle: first dorsal not longer than second. ,(/. Thiu'ax with a central dlscul impression; elytra each with a diseal stria. THE ANT-LOVING BEETLES. 329 ft. Head large, truncate ; anteimte very remote ; first dorsal of abdomen with distinct basal carinse. XVII. EUPLBCTUS. hh. Head smaller, the front more abruptly and strongly nar- rowed ; antennte less distant ; abdomen without basal carince. Thesiastbs. gg. Thorax without a discal impression ; elytra without diseal stria?. BiBLOPLECTL'S. ff. rrosteruum finely but distinctly carinate throughout the mid- dle of its length; thorax with .-i small, subapicnl imiiri'ssiim, its l)asal f()ve;e connected by a transverse sulcu ; antenna' less widely separated, the tenth joint larger than usual. Thesium. ( c. Antennal club consisting almost entirely of the larg' abrupt ter- minal .loint; thorax without discal impressions. /. Xinth and tenth antennal .loints very short, disti:ictly trans- verse. j. Elytra with a subhumeral fovea from which an acutely ele- vated carina extends to apex ; also with discal stria? reach- ing to middle ; head never wider than thorax, the latter with a large fovea on each side connected by a transverse groove. AcTiUM. jj. Elytra without trace of a subhumeral fovea and without discal strife, but with an elongate basal impression. 7,-. First dorsal segment of abdomen much elongated and with- out trace of a median impression. XVIII. Teimiomelba. l-k. First dorsal shorter, equal to second. XIX. JIelba. //. Ninth and tenth antennal joints larger, less transverse; elytra with a discal stria and with two basal fovece but without subhumeral fovea ; sulcus of thorax not continued down the flanks but ending in small enlargements near the margin. TrIMIOPLI'X'TIS. Rafonus tohdcr Lee, dark brown, polished, clothed with long, dense pubescence, antennae and legs yellowish, length 2.1 mm., oc- curs rarely near Cincinnati. XV. Rhexius Lee. 3849. (Gr., "I break.") Head and thorax each wider than long; tarsi with two une(|ual clatt'S; antenna,' ('llii)\ve(!. One of the tlii'ee species occurs in the State. IVS', (I'.iriT). Khexius iivscuLPTrs Lee, ISost. Journ. Nat. Hist., \'l, 1840, 103. Subcylindrical, deiiressed. Pale reddish-brown, clothed with short erect hairs. Head twice as wide as long, base truncate, front rounded, coii<-ave and with three fovea'; occiput carinate. Antennre reaching base of thorax, joints '■^ to 8 transverse, nearly equal; ninth twice as wide as third; tenth 330 FAiriLY X. PSirr.APIIID^. longer and widex-; eleventh couical-ovate. as long as ninth and tenth to- gether. Thorax almost as wide as head, sides broadly curved ; dist with a median groove, and a fovea each side near bas^e connected by a trans- verse line. Elytra as wide as long; diseal lines deep, confined to basal third ; humeri prominent, armed with a tubercle : margin with a sharp edge. Abdomen as wide as elytra, the basal segment with two short carinse. Length 1.2 mm. (Fig. 152, a.) ^[onroe, Lawreme and Clark counties; scarce. April 9-iIay 8. Taken bv sweeping blue-srrass; also by sifting. Fig. 152. a, Bkexius insculptua; b, Rkexidius canalicutatus; c, Trimiomdba dubia; d, Melba parvula; e, Eujikc- tus confluens. (After Brendel and Wickham.) XVI. Rhexidius Ca.sey. 188 (. (Gr., "a crack or fissure.") Head much wider than long ; thorax with a median groove ; hind coxte contiguous : tarsi with tw'o unequal claws. One species oceur.s in the State. 02-t (1071). Rhexidius canaliculatus Ijec, Bost. Journ. Nat Hist, VI. 1.S49. 107. Klongate-oval, subcouvex. I'ale brownish-yellow, rather densely and finely pubescent. Head one-half wider than long, front transversely im- pressej:. E. spiiiif( r Ca.sey, brown, shitiiny-. not punctate, was described from Illinois; E. inicrrupivs Lee. rnst-red, pubescence not dense, and E. coiu/oier C'a.'^cy, brown, lejis paler, pubescence short, dense, conspicuous, are botii recorded from near Cincinnati; E. linearis Lee, brown, length 1.5 mm., is said to occur "east of the ^Mississippi River. ' ' 02(1 (1981). EiPLECTDS CONFLIENS Lec., Bost. Journ. Xat. Hist, VI, 1849 105. Elongate, slender, parallel. Uniform reddish-brown, finely pubescent. Head wider tban long, witli two deep parallel grooves, the intervening space nearl.v smooth ; elsewhere coarsely punctured. Antennaj reaching middle of thorax, joints three to eight subequal, wider than long, bead-like : ninth and tenth wider; eleventh ovate, wider than tenth. Thorax as wide as long, finely punctate; di.sk with a deep oblong fovea before the middle and a triangular one near base, the latter feebly connei-ted with a large dee,i one each side. El.vtra faintly punctate, densely pubescent, discal lines deep at base, not reaching middle. At>domen longer than elytra, the first and second dorsals carinatc. Length 1.2-1.5 mm. (Fig. 152, e.) Clarion County ; rare. IMay 2s. Bihloplrctns rv'fi.cc-ps Lec, dark brown, elytra darker, surface not punctate, pubescence short and fine, length .7 mm., is known from ^richigan and Illinois. Thi'siiiiii carrfroiis Lec, reddish-brown, legs and antenna' paler, pubesceuce rather dense, pale, length S mm., occurs in the "ilis- sissippi Valley." Aciiuin aiKjustiiiii Casey, pale reddish-yellow, length 1.2 mm., was described from Pennsylvania. XVIII. Trjmkhiklba Casey. is;)7. Differs from Mdhn in its larger head with more remote fovea-; longer first dorsal and second ventral segments; ninth and tenth antennal joints small, doubly conve.x : hind tarsi long, slender. th'= second .ioint twice as long as third. One species has been taken, while another ma>' (I'.'cur. KEY ni l.NDIAXA SPECIES OF TRl.M 1(I.\[K1.BA. (I. Head njl ]iuncta(o. the trout obtusrb' rounded between the antennte; fovefe of iicciput small and deep: width across tin- shoulders equal to that of thora.x. rnxvKxru. iia. Head distinctly punct.ate, the front more narrowly subangulate; foveir larger and less separated; width of slioulders less than that of thorax. 627. DUBi.\. T. conrcxiila Ijcc. deep yellow, very convex, pubescence not visi- ble, length .7 mm., is known from Pennsylvania and Illinois. THE ANT-LOVINO BE}CTLKS. 'i'V^' OUT (1000). Tbijiiomelba bibia Lee. Host. .Jouni. X;it. Hist, VI, 1841), 1()S. Dull brownish-yellow, shining, very finely imbescent. Head slightly wider than long, finely but distinctly punctate. Antennfe reaching middle of thorax, joints :; to s bead-like, very small, ninth and tenth wider but not longer, eleventh very large, ovate-conical. Thorax as wide as long, widest just in front of middle, disk with a deep transverse sulcus at base, connect- ing a small fovea each side. Elytra each with two basal foveas, the discal line reaching middle. I^ength .8 mm. (Fig. 152. c.) Putnam Countv; rare. April '22. XIX. Mki,ba ('as;'.v. 1897. (A name.) Head smaller; last antennal joint large, cone-shaped; occiput in our species with a median impression; first dorsal not elongate; second ventral shorter than the next two. Males with front and middle femora mni'h swollen. Three spe:ies perhaps occur in the State. KEY TO INDIAlN'A SPECIES OE MELBA. (I. Diincal striie of elytra sliort. 6. Thora.x: not punctured, as wide as head. 028. pabvula. hh. Thorax finely and distinctly punctured, wider than head. THOEACR'A. (Id. Disciil strige half the length of each elytrcm. 629. ma.ta. (i2s (1900). JIelba paevula Lee., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, VI, 1849, 108. Briiwnish-yellow, shining, finely pubescent. Head one-fifth wider than long, smooth, frontal margui slightly curved ; occipital foveas deep. An- tenme as in T. diihia. the last joint larger. Thorax subglobose, narrower at base ; disk with a deep transverse basal groove which is angulate at middle and unites with a small f(jvea each side. Elytra strongly convex, the discal i,T(jove limited t(] basal fourth. Length 1 mm. (Fig. 152, d.) Starke and Monroe counties; rarf. ^lay 8-May 18. M. thoracicu Brend., dull yellow, pubescence fine, abundant, length .9 mm., was described from Illinois and Iowa, and is said to occur on moist, rotten wood, with ants, and to be abundant in June. 020 ( ). :\IEEBA 1MA.JA Brend., Trans. Amer. Ent Soc, XIX. 1892, 167. Differs from parviila in the longer discal stria of elytra and in having the sutural stria i)unetured on the outer side. Length 1.1 mm. Putnam County ; rare. jVpril 17. Triiiiioplccfv!' obtohiiLs Brend., yellow, pubescence fi.ne and spar.se. length 1.2 mm., was described from Iowa and may occur in Northern Indiana. 334 FAMILY XI. STAPHYLINID>3E. Family XI. STAPHYLINID^. The Rove Beetles. The Short-winged Scavenger Beetles. A very large family of slender-bodied, small or medium-sized beetles having the elytra truncate and very short, leaving always some of the abdominal segments exposed, and covering usually only two or three of them. The abdomen, both above and beneath, is of corneous or horn-like texture, yet very flexible, and when the in- sect is disturbed it is turned up nver the baelf as if the beetle were about to sting. However, they are perfect ly harmless, though some- times disagreeable on account of emitting an odorous fluid from the tip of the abdomen. The ventral segments are eight (rarely seven) in number, -while there are ten dorsal ones. The wings are usually fuUy developed, often exceeding the abdomen in length, and when not in use are folded beneath the short elytra. In addition to the characters mentioned, the Staphylinidse have the labial palpi three-jointed except in Tribe I; maxillary palpi 4- jointed (5-jointed in Aleochrna) ; mandibles long, sharp and sickle- shaped, usually crossing one another at tips when at rest; an- tennae variable in insertion and form, 11- (rarely 10-) jointed; mesosternum short, its sidepieces large; metasternum rather large, with narrow sidepieces; front coxse usually large, conical, promi- nent and contiguous, the coxal cavities rarely closed behind; hind cox£e contiguous except in the second subfamily; tarsi usually 5- jointed, rarely 4- or 3-jointed. In habits the Staphylinids are to be classed as beneficial, as they feed upon decaying animal and vegetable substances, and thus not only act as scavengers, but also aid in reducing the manure heap, and the manure when spread, into a more available form of plant food. The larvae, except in the absence of wings, resemble the adults both in structure and habits, and together with them ocrnr beneath bark, in fungi and in decaying plants, while some are guf in the nests of ants, being reared and attended as carefully w' ..e young, as are the young of the ants themselves. Sharp says that " it is probable that one-hundred thousand spe- cies or even more of Staphylinida^ are at present in existence." This may be an exaggeration. But 9,000 species are at present de- scribed, 1,500 of which are from the United States alone, and many new ones are turning up each year. As in the other families, the present paper treats only of those Avhich have been taken in the State, or which, from their Imown range, should occur. It is prob- able that fully half as many more really occur, many of which are at present unkno-svn to science. The literature treating of the THE SHOET--\VIN"GED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 335 known North American species is scattered through many volumes and the more important papers will be mentioned under the respec- tive tribal headings. The family is divided into eleven subfamilies, nine of which are known to be represented in the State, while the other two may be. KEY TO SUBFAMirjES OF STAPHYLINIDJE. ((. Auteimte 11- (rarely 1U-) jointeil. without abrupt club' and not received in cavities on tbe under side of thorax. b. Antennae Inserted upon the front between the eyes, and behind their front margin, c. Front eoxte large, conical ; hind coxse transverse, contiguous ; fourth joint of maxillary palpi distinct; antennae not at all clavate; Jyjracic spiracles visible. Subfamily I. Ai.eochaein.s;, p. 336. cc* Front coxae small; hind coxse small, conical, widely separated; fourth joint of maxillary palpi obsolete; antennie slender, the last three joints suddenly larger ; eyes large and prominent. Subfamily III. Stenin^, p. 400. bb. Antennae not inserted upon the front between the eyes; hind coxse contiguous. £?. Antennse inserted at the front margin of the front of the head, fili- form or gradually thickened ; fourth joint of maxillary palpi dis- tinct. Subfamily II. Staph yunin-B, p. 367. d(l. .\nteniuE inserted at the sides of the front of the head. ','. Froiiteoxfe conical, prominent, rarely (Tribe Proteimni) trans- verse. f. Hind coxse conical. (;. Tarsi 5-jointed, very rarely the middle and hind ones -4- joihted ; front coxse long, strongly projecting from the pro- sternum ; eyes not prominent ; antennae inserted under a more or less prominent frontal ridge. Subfamily IV. P^edeein^, p. 414. gg. Tarsi 4-jointed; front coxae short; first joint of maxillary - palpi at least one-half as long as second. Subfamily VII. Eujssthetin.e, p. 458. tf. Hind coxae transverse or triangular. h. Seventh ventral segment retractile and hidden. > ■ i. Head inclined, narrower than thorax and more or less in- serted in the latter ; body convex, conical and pointed behind ; thoracic spiracles visible ; epipleura distinctly limited by a carina. Subfamily V. Tachypobin^, p. 441. U. Head directed forward ; body slender, depressed ; epipleura ill defined, not limited by a carina ; thoracic spiracles hidden. Subfamily VI. Phlceooharin.?e, p. 457. lil\. Seventh ventral segment exposed; antennae inserted under the widened margins of the front of head. [22—23402] '.V.M) I'AM 1LY„XI. STAPHYLINIJ).-!!;. j. Middle COX08 very widely separated; front of head trun- cate just before the eyes; last joint of labial i)ali)i very large, lunate. Subfamily VIII. Oxypobin^, p. 459. jj. Middle coxffi contiguous or nearly so ; front more or less prolonged before the eyes; labial palpi with last joint normal. Subfamily IX. Oxytelin^, p. 401. re. I'ront coxie globose, not prominent; hind coxie transverse; fonii very elimgnte. slender, parallel. Subfamily X. Pikstin.b;, p. 48:;. (Id. AntenniB 0-jointed witli abrupt club, received in cavities on under side of thorax ; hind cnxip small, rounded and widely separated. Subfamily XI. iMioeopeplin^, p. 4S4. Subfamily I. ALEOCHARINAE.* AntennEe inserted l^etween the eyes and behind their front mar- gin, 11-jointed (10-jointed in the Tribe Oligotini) ; elytra either covering entirely the first Uvo dorsal plates of the abdomen or leav- ing the apical half of the second plate uncovered; abdomen mar- gined at the sides, the second ventral plate rudimentary ; front coxa' conical, prominent, usually shorter than the front thighs; hind coxa; contiguous, -with In-oad, flat external laminag and with elevated internal lamina;, the latter narro^ved behind or subparallel; tarsi \ariable, 3-, 4- or 5-.iointed. The larva' are but little known, greatly resembling in general those of the Tachyporina\ The species of Aleocharinas are among the smallest of the family, are very numerotis and their life habits are extremely diversified. They occur under stones, on dead ani- mals, in excrement, in mushrooms and toadstools, in decaying veg- etable mattel'. under the bark of various trees, under moss, in old tree trunks and at running sap, Some live on the shores of running or stagnant water, some exclusively on the seashore or on the shores of brackish water, while others live in shore sand, in eaves, a few in flowers and a great number in the nests of ants and termites. A few are also found in the nests of vertebrate animals, like wood- i-ats, squirrels, swallows, etc. No member of the subfamily is kno^^ai to have any economic importance excejit as a scavenger. The best works of reference on the \merican Aleoeharinse are : Erichson. — Kfefer der Alark Brandenburg, Berlin, 1837. Genera ct species Staphylinorum, Berlin, 1840. (ra)ifilhaucr. — Die Kipfer von ^Fitteleuropa, II. Wien, 1895. Ctisi !j. — "Observations on the Mtaphylinid Groups Aleocharina?, and Xantholinini, chiefly of America," in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, XVI, 1906, 125-434. *The outline and keys to tribes and genera of this subfamily were furnished by Dr. A. Fenyes of Pasadena California, through whose hanis all the species have passed. The other matter, inchiding keys to species and descriptions, was prepared by the writer. — W. S. E. THE SHOET-WINGED SCAVEXGEE BEETLES. 337 Fenyes. — "A Preliminary Systematic arrangement of the Aleo- eharinas of the United States and Canada," in Entom. News. XIX, 1908, 56-65. The work of Director L. Ganglbauer has been the one principally di-awn upon for the present classification of the subfamily. KEY TO THE INDIANA TRIBES OF AiEOCHAEIN^. a. Head prolonged In a beak in front; inner lobe of the maxillfe entirely corneous or horn-like, its inner side with teeth or spines. 6. All the tarsi with three joints. Tribe I. Dinopsini, p. 337. 66. Front and middle tarsi with four, hind tarsi with five joints. Tribe II. Myll-oides Kr.. Linn. Ent, XI, 1S57, 3S. Smaller and somewhat paler than am-cricaiia. Dull broTvn. the thorax and elytra thickly clothed with silken yellowish prostrate pubescence; an- tennte, legs, front margin of thorax and last ventral and dorsal s^ments. dull brownish-yellow. Thorax and elytra as in americana, the latter about as lous: as thorax, the granules finer. Length 2-2.5 mm. Laporte and Posey counties ; scarce. April IS-Julr 15. Occurs in moist places beneath rubbish. Tribe II. HYLL.T:NIXI. Head prolonged in a beak in front. Lobes of the masillse very long and slender, the inner lobe entirely corneous, its inner side with saw-like teeth. ]\IaxiUary palpi very long and slender. Labial palpi very thin, bristle-Uke. Front and middle. tarsi with four, hind tarsi with five joints. The tribe contains only one genus. IL :\rYLK_EXA Er. 1S3T. (Gr.. "to twist") Antennae slender, head rather smaU; ehi^ra as long as or shorter than the thorax ; abdomen strongly narrowed toward the apex. 032 (20SG'). :MYmEXA iiixrTA Grvh., Men. Col. Micr.. ISiXi. 174. Dark brown; legs and apical third of anteunse dull yellow. Thorax one-half wider than long, sides of disk strongly sloping toward the front angles, which are rounded. Elytra about two-thirds the length of thorax. its surface, as well as that of the latter, densely and minutely punctate. Length 2 mm. Putnam County; frequent. IMaivh 2i)-Oetober IT. Taken by sifting vegetable debris from about a hillside spring. 033 ( ). JlTtL^XA Tru'i>-A Brnh., Deutsoh. Ent. Ztsehr., 1907. 3S1. Head, thorax and abdomen in great part piceons : legs, basal joint of antenn«>. tip of abdomen and elytra (in great part) brownish-yellow; an- teruie and base of elytra fuscous. Thorax one-third wider than long, hind angles obtusely rounded. Elj-tra as wide and as long as thorax, the sur- face, as well as that of the latter, minutely and densely punctate: apex notched near tJie outer angle. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elj-tra ; densely and finely puuetate. Ijength 2.2 mm. Laporte County: rare. -Tuly 15. Tribe III. HTGROXOMIXI. Head not prolonged in a beak in front : antenna^ with eleven joints; inner lobe of the maxilla^ externally corneous, internally coriaceous ; all the tarsi with four joints. THE SHORT-WINGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 339 The only genus of the tribe occurring in Indiana is: III. GYROxycHA Casey. 380?.. (Gr., "circle + elaw.") Elongate, linear, depressed; head of moderate size; antenna; long, slender, the outer joints usually slightly enlarged ; third joint of maxillary palpi but slightly longer than second; thorax oblong; elj'tra lonp: and well developed; tarsal claws divergent, abruptly bent downward behind the middle. 6.34 C9608). GYKO^-YCHA eusciceps Casey, Ann. K. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, ISO:;, .376. Dull reddish-brown, head piceous ; legs and basal joints of antennae pale yellow. Head about as long as wide, shorter and slightly narrower than thorax ; antennae as long as thorax and elytra, the outer joints feebly but distinctly larger, the third shorter than the second. Thorax slightly longer than wide, sides feebly rounded ; disk, as well as that of elytra, faintly alu- taceous, minutely and densely punctate. Elytra one-third wider and longer than the thorax, thickly clothed with fine, short yellowish pubescence. Length 2.7 mm. Putnam County; rare. October 37. Tribe IV. OLIGOTIXI. Head not jjrolonged in a beak in front, Aiitennse with ten joints only. Inner lobe of the maxilla; as in the preceding tribe. All the tarsi with four joints. Although no representative of the tribe has been found thus far in Indiana, yet it is very probable that one or more members of the i'ollowLDg geni.is occur: Oligota :\rannh. 1830. ( Cr., ' ' little. ") Very .small; antenna' short, the outer joints much thickened; head rather sm^ll, narrower than thorax, base not constricted; tho- rax very short, much wider than long, as wide at base as elytra M'hich are rather short ; abdomen pointed behirid. Tribe \. BOLITdOIIAKIM. Head not prolonged in a beak in front; inner lobe of the max- ill'j' horn-like or comeotis on inner sidf. leather-like on outer side (in Sihi.Kfi the whole inner lobe is horn-like). Front and middle tarsi with four, hind tarsi with five joints. The following genera are probably represented in the State : 340 FAilILT XI. STAPHYLIXID.E. KEY TO I^'DLiXA GEXEEA OF BOLITOCHAKINI. a. iIe.soi?ternal process broadly truncate or emarglnate behind; middle coxse widely separated ; labial palpi with two joints only. IV. (JYROPH.EXA. aa. Mescisternal proces.-; muie or les? iJOinted behind: middle rcixii:' moder- ately separated or contiguous. h. I.abial palpi with two joints only. '•. Hind tarsi with the iirst joint at least as long as the second and third together ; front tai-si with the iirst joint distinctly longer than the second : ligula vei-y broad and short, very broadly rounded in front ; labial palpi short, their first joint swollen. PlACTTSA. re. Hind tarsi with the first joint not or only a little longer than the second; front tarsi with tlie first three joints equally long; ligula very narrow: labial palpi with both joints more or less elongate. (/. Labial palpi moderately long, not bristle-like ; ligula moderately narrow, split at tip : body depressed. T. Homalota. dd. Labial palpi very narrow, prominent, stiff, bristle-like; ligula very narrow, entire, more or less narrowed toward tip; body rather convex. Silusa. /j'v. Labial palpi with three Joints. e. Ligula entire. /. Labial palpi with the second joint as long as and s;A :;(■) ( ). (Jv]i(ii'U.K.\A LOBAa'A Cas<'y, 'I'rans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, XVL ino(i. I'll:',. Itather stout, s[i!ndle-shapcd. Brownish-yellow, shining; head black, outer apical angle of eljtra. disk of thorax and fourth dorsal segment of ab- domen more oi- less fuscous. Antennae reaching base of elytra, joints 5-10 brownish, slightly wider than long. Thorax much wider than head, two- thirds wider than long, sides broadly rounded into base; disk smooth with the exception of ab.mt ten widely scattered punctures, the post-median pair strong. Elytra a fourth wider and one-half Icmger than thorax, minutely and s|).-irsely puiictalc. Length 2.2 mm. IMarion County ; rare. May 22. Taken liy sweeping. Des^-ribed from New York. (i;!7 (2077). Gyroph.kna vini'I.a Erichs., Gen. Sp. Staph., LS40, 186. Rather stout, subparailel. Tale reddish-yelicjw ; head, apical third of elytra, except at suture, and fcjurth and fifth dorsal segments of abdomen black or piceous. Tliorax not quite twice as wide as long, parallel and rounded on the sides ; surface very sparsely and obsoletely punctate with two larger punctures behind the middle. Elytra about one-fifth wider and one-half longer than thorax, finely and sparsely punctate. Length 1.5- 2.5 mm. Southern half of State; frequent. .March 20-September 25. Occurs on fleshy fungi. 038 (2078). Gyeoph^na nissiMiLis Erichs., Gen. Sp. Staph., 1840, 186. Form of viiiulu. Pale dull yellow; head, apical angles of elytra and apical half of abdomen blackish ; antennae and legs yellow. Thorax wider than head, nearly twice as wide as long, otherwise as in vinula. Elytra with the humeri more narrowly exposed than in that _species. Length 1.."- 2.3 mm. Southern half of State; frequent. iFay 1 3-Septeniber 25. Pi.AcmSA Br. 1837, (Gr., "plate.") Antennre short, head rather small ; thorax broad, strongly trans- verse ; elytra larg-e, abdomen subparailel. No member of the geiuis has as yet been reoorded from Indiana, but its occurrence in the State is very iirobable. :'A2 FAJtILY SI. — SXAPHTLIXnXE. V. Hoii.vLoTA :Mannh. l-'30. (Gr., "a flat surface.") To this o-enus. as characterized in the key. belongs one Indiana species. tJS'J (2008). HoMALOTA PLANA Gyllh., Ins. Suec., I, ISIO, 402. Elongate, slender, parallel. Plceous, opaque; antennae, elytra and last (l(.rs;il segment of abdomen brownish : legs dull yellow. Head large, Its sur- tMi-e densely and rather coarsely ijunctate. 'fhorax slightly wider than head, one-fourth narrower at base than apex; sides rounded, disk finely .iiid densely punctate and with a distinct metlian impressed line. Elytra one-Hiird wider and ali:iut one-half lonirer than thi.rax. densely and rather lo.irsely punctate. Abdomen as long as the rest of the body, slightly nar- rower than elj-tra ; its sides parallel and of equal width to terminal se^'- meut. Length 2..5-2.S mm. ilaiion and Putnam counties: scarce. February 4-December 7 Taken by sifting moist vegetable debris. YI. Leptusa Kr. 1S5S. (Gr., "slender.") Elongate, slender parallel forms having the antenna^ rather short, head moderately large, thorax usually narrower than elytra :ind slightly narrower at base than apex. KEY TO IKDIAXA SPECIES OF LEPTVSA. a. Abdomen in great part pale. 6. Thorax and elytra uniform brownish-piceous, much darker than the base of abdomen. 640. caseyi. hb. Thorax and elytra reddish-yellow, or of the same hue as the basal portion of abdomen. 64i. eeegaxs. 00. Abdomen, as well as thorax and elytra, dart brown or piceous. 642. OBSCUE^V 1140 ( ). Leptusa caseyi Feny.. Eutom. News.. XVIII, 1907, 61; tri- color Casey. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. L., XVI, 1906. 351. Slender, parallel, convex. Uniform dark brown or i^iceuus, subopaque : abdomen pale reddish-yellow the fourth and fifth dorsal segments in part or wholly piceous ; anteunse black, paler at base and tips ; legs pale. An- temiie longer than head and thorax, the second and third joints elongate and subequal, the outer joints broader than long. Thorax a third wider than head and two-fifths wider than long; surface rather coarsely, densely and shallowly punctate. Elytra slightly wider, one-third longer and more deeply and roughly punctate than thorax. Length 2.5-3 mm. Putnam County; rare. April 22. Taken by sifting. This is Casey's fr^cofor described from hwa and Cincinnati. Ohio. Fenyes, loc. cii.. showed that Casey's name was preoccupied. 641 ( ). Lepttsa elegans sp. nov. Form of caseyi, but a little more slender. Reddish-yellow, shining, sparsely clothed with very fine prostrate hairs ; head, middle joints of an- THE SIIOKT-WrXGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 343 tennic and fourth and fifth segments of abdomen piceous. Antenna shorter than in caseiji. the second and third joints shorter and more narrow at base than there. Thorax one-third wider than long ; sides strongly rounded into base and apex; disk finely and sparsely punctate and with a distinct im- pression in front of scutellum. Elytra not wider and scarcely longer than thorax ; surface coarsely, roughly and densely punctate. Abdomen not wider than elytra, parallel to tip ; finely and sparsely punctate. Length 3-2.5 mm. Described from four spi-cimens taken near San Pierre, Pulaski bounty. June 19. Occurs beneath cover in dry sandy places. A handsome little species of nearly equal width throughout. 642 ( ). Li^rxusA obscuba sp. nov. Perm of ca-iriji. Piceous, subopaque ; thorax and elytra dark brown ; base of antennsB and legs paler. Thorax one-half wider than head, sides rounded into base, disk rather coarsely and densely punctured. Elytra two- thirds longer and distinctly wider than thorax ; more coarsely and roughly punctate than there. Abdomen distinctly narrower than elytra. Length 2.5-3 mm. Clarion and Putnam counties: scarce. ^larch 17-April 22. A pair taken in coiin from beneath a chunk in low open woods. VII. Philotermes Kr. 18.37. (Gr., "to love - termes. ") Small and rather broad species having the head large, antennae stout; abdomen large, flat; legs rather short. The species live with (eriiiiti's or white ants. G43 (2073). Philotermes pilosls Kr., Linn. Entom., XI, 1857, 14. Rather broad, depressed, parallel. Reddish-yellow, strongly shining, sparsely clothed with short, erect yellowish hairs ; elytra and fourth and fifth abdominal segments indefinitely darker. Head not punctate. Thorax subelliptical, twice as wide us head, truncate in front, sides rounded into base; surface smooth or nearly so. Elytra one-half longer but much nar- rower than thorax and slightly wider than abdomen, smooth. Alidomen not punctate. Length 2-2. .5 mm. Crawford and Posey counties: scarce. April 19-May 26. Oc- curs in the nests of the white ant or termite, Termes flavipes KolL, which are usually in rotten or decayed wood. The beetles are very fctive and often quickly escape when the nest or gallery is un- covered. fi44 (207."il. PH1IJ3TERMKS FUcHsii KruiitK., Liuu. Ent. Zeits., XI, 1857, 14. More slender than pilosii-<. Fuscous or smoky brown, shining, thickly pubescent; antenme and legs paler. Aulenii.c longer than head and thorax, joints 4-10 wider than long: eleventh liirm'r, civate-acuminate. Thorax as wide at miilille as length of elytra, all the angles rounded; apex trimcate; surface, as well as that of head, finely and very densely punctate with yel- 344 FAltlLY XI. STAPHYLIXID.T. lowish erect hairs on sides and scattered erect black ones on disk. Elytra less densely and less finely punctured. Seventh segment of abdomen closely punctured above and with an inferior lobe In male. Length 1.2 mm. Marion County: rare. ^Nfav 15. Taken from among termites beneath bark. Described from Tennessee VIII. BoLiTOCHARA Mannh. ]>:!n. ( Gr.. "fungi ^ to delight in.") Rather bri)M(l forms having the antennje short, stout. les.s than half the length of bod>'; abdomen somewhat narrowed toward tip; legs long and sli-mler. lUo (2009). BoLiTocn.vRA TRIMACULAT.^ Er.. Gen. Sii. Staph., 1S40, 105. Rather stout and broad, subparallel. Dark brown to piceous. shmiug. spai-sely clothed with short, prostrate yellowish haii-s; elytra dull yellow, with the apical half, exiept at suture, and a common rounded basal median s]Kit. dark bro^^-n; lejrs and basal joints of antennse yellow: basal half of ali- (Ininen often tinged with reddish. Th; ra.K subelliptical, more than one-half wider than long, sides rounded into base: disk rather finely and closely punctate and with a rounded impression in front of scutellum. Elytra slightly wider and two-thirds longer than thorax, coarsely, roughly and shallowly punctate. Abdomen a little narrower than elyti'a. coarsely and rather closely punctate l>!ith above and below. Len^^th o-3."i mm. Southern two-thirds cf State: scarce. ]\Iareh ■20-Xiivember 5. Taken from beneath debris in damp loealiti^s. (Uii i'.i.jOI). Bolitochaea eianchaedi Casey. Ann. X. T. Acad. Sri., VII. 1S92. 369. Rather stout, parallel. Head black : thorax piceous. slightly paler along the basal margin ; elytra fuscous, the basal third and often the suture, dull yellow; legs and abdomen reddish-yellow, the last two or three segments of the latter in great part piceous. Thorax three-fourths wider than long, sides broadly roundeil into base, disk finely, densely and somewhat roughly punctate and with a distinct impression on middle of base. Elytra slightly wider and one-half longer than thorax. impresseOXIINI. Head not proloiiiicd in a beak in fi'ont ; inner lobe of the maxilkv with its outer side horu-like, its inner side leather-like. Front tarsi with four, middle and liiiul tarsi with five joints. The followiui; genera are known to Ije represented in the State. THE SHORT-WINOEII SUAV1?NGET{ BEETLES. 345 KEY TO INIIIANA GBNEBA OF MYBMEDONIINI. a. Sides of the front dorsal segments of abdomen without tufts of hair. 6. j\I axillary cavity or hiatus only narrowly separated from and not reaching as far behind as the eyes; inner lobe of maxillas with a row of long, curved teeth, or comb-like on the inner margin toward the curved apex; epimera of metasternum as a rule not reaching beyond the hind margin of elytra. (*. Head strongly constricted behind into a neck, the latter only about one-fourth as wide as head. (/. Scntellum not curinate. IX. Chitalia. '/'/. Scntellum acutely and strongly carinate. X. Falagma. re. Head not or only moderately c(mstricted behind. c. Front ventral segments of abdomen at base distinctly trans- versely sulcate or transversely constricted. f. First joint of hind tarsi at least as long as second and third together. XI. Tachyusa. f1. First joint of hhid tarsi shorter than second aud third to- gether. (J. Thorax transversely impressed at base. XII. Gnypeta. fjg. Thorax not impressed at base. XIII. Meronera. ee. Front ventral segments of abdomen at base not transversely sul- cate or constricted. li. Maxillary palpi with five, labial palpi with four joints. ('. Seventh segment of abdomen not carinate in male. XIV. TiNOTUS. ii. Seventh segment of abdomen carinate in male. j. First four joints of hind tarsi gradually decreasing in length; elytra simple in male. XV. Platandbia. jj. First four joints of hind tarsi equal ; elytra carinate in male. XVI. Hoplandbia. hli. Maxillary palpi with four, labial palpi with three joints. 1-. Abdomen wholly without punctures ; basal joint of hind tarsi as long as the next two combined. XVII. Xestdbida. 7,7i-. Abdomen with distinct punctures ; hind tarsi with four basal joints equal. I. Entire body clothed with rather long erect hairs. XVIII. Tbichiusa. U. Body at most in parts clothed with erect hairs. XIX. Atheta. hi). Maxillaiy hiatus or cavity separated from the eyes l>y rather large cheeks and reaching behind further than the eyes ; inner lobe of maxilla? with three or four curved teeth on the inward turned apex and with long and dense pubescence behind these teeth, the outer lobe very long and slender ; epimera of metasternum always reach- ing beyond the hind margin of elytra ; first joint of hind tarsi elon- gate longer than second and third joints together, XX. Zyras. 00. Sides of front dorsal segments of abdomen with dense tufts of yelljw hairs. XXI. Xenodusa. ■MG lAillLY XI. STAPHTLINID-^. IX. Chitalia Shp. 18^^3. Rather elongate species having the head large ; antennas long anil stout, the last joint much shorter than the two preceding combined: thorax cordate ; elytra with prominent, almost square shoulders ; ab- domen nearly parallel : middle coxse widely separated ; legs long and stout, the basal joint of hind tarsi much sliorter than the next three (■(imbined. 647 ('2iJ02). CiiiTALLv BILOBATA Suv. Ti-aus. Amer. Phil. Soc.. VI. ISHl 156; ibid. II, 'j'i^f. Elongate rather stout convex. Dark brown to piceous, shining; legs and basal joints of antennae brownish-yellow. Thorax cordate, slightly wider than head and as long as wide, sides rounded in front, strongly converging behind ; disk finely and sparsely punctate and with a wide, deep median groove; scutellum finely and densely granulate and often with a median line. Elytra one-half wider than thorax, as wide as long, finely and spai-sely granulate-punctate, more densely so on basal half. Abdomen narrower than elytra, rather closely and roughly punctate. Length 3- .3.;3 mm. (Fig. 153.) Throughout the State; scarce. April 16-October -31. Taken beneath bark and by siftiag vegetable debris in moist woods. Fig. 153. X 15. (Original.) X. Falageia :\rannh. 1830. This genus is closely allied to tlie preceding, differing mainly by having the scutellum distinctly carinate. The meso- and metasterna are on the same plane, whereas in ChifaJia the mesosternum is raised above the meta.sternum. 648 (1996). Falagbia cinguu^ta Lee, Proe. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci., lsC6. 370. Elongate, slender, convex. Pale to dark reddish-brown, shining, feebly pubescent ; elytra often paler at base ; apical half of abdomen blackish ; legs dull yellow or in part piceous. Antennae reaching apex of elytra, second and third joints subequal. Thorax narrower than head, longer than wide, sides rounded in front, converging and sinuate toward base ; disk minutely and sparsely punctate and with a deep median groove. Scutellum finely and sparsely granulate and with a single median carina. Elytra nearly twice as wide but not much longer than thorax, minutely and indistinctly inmc- tate. .Vbdomen narrower than elytra, slightly widened behind the middle, finely and rather closely punctate. Length 2.5-3 nmi. Patnani, I\louroe. Lawrence and Posey counties; scarce. April IS-June 9. Taken by sifting. ]\luch more slender, with a nar- THE SHOHT-WINGED SCAVKNGEK BEETLES. 347 voM'ov and less deeply grooved thorax and a more distinctly punc- tured head than in Chitnlia bilohnta. 649 (2003). Falaqeia dissecta Er., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 49. Stouter and a little shorter than cinyulata. Black or piceous, shining, sparsely clothed with short flue hairs; antennte and elytra often brownish; legs brownish-yellow. Autennse not reaching middle of elytra. Thorax wider than head and slightly wider than long, sides strongly rounded in front, thence converging to base; disk finely and sparsely punctate and with a deep median groove. Scutellum with two carinas at middle. Elytra one- half wider and slightly longer than thorax, finely and sparsely punctate; abdomen parallel, narrower than elytra, finely and closely punctate. Length 2-2.5 mm. Lake, Marion and Putnam counties ; scarce. March 26-Decem- ber 7. Taken by sifting. The darker color and the two carinse of scutellum readily distinguish this from cingulata. XI. Tachyusa Erichs. 1837. (Gr., "swift.") Slender-bodied forms having the antennsE long and slender; middle coxte almost contiguous ; thorax narrower than elytra ; abdo- men narrow, usually constricted at base and with the first three dorsal segments deeply impressed at base, the impressions coarsely sculptured and divided on the median line by a fine carina which .joins the raised basal margin. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF TACHYUSA. a. Abdomen highly polished, almost smooth ; larger, 3-3.5 mm. 650. QKACILLIMA. aa. Abdomen alutaceous and pubescent, minutely and closely punctate; smaller, not over 2.8 mm. 6. Thorax convex or feebly flattened ; abdomen wholly dark. 651. AMEKICANA. &6. Thorax with a deep median groove ; abdomen pale at base. 652. CAVICOLLIS. 650 (2046). Tachyusa gkacillima Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 29. Elongate, slender. Blackish-piceous, shining; antennae and legs red- dish-brown, tarsi yellow; basal segments of abdomen reddish. Antenna reaching tips of elytra, the second and third joints elongate, sub-equal. Thorax about as wide as long, scarcely wider than head; sides feebly rounded in front, almost straight on basal half; disk finely and rather densely punctate, in female often with a faint median impression. Elytra one-half wider and two-thirds longer than thorax, rather coarsely, sparsely and roughly punctate. Abdomen distinctly narrower at base than middle. Length 3-3.5 mm. Starke and Lawrence counties ; scarce. June ■^June 16. Prob- ably occurs sparingly along shores throughout the State. :i4S IfA.UILY XT. STAPOYLINID-H. 651 ( ). Taciiyusa ameeicana Casey, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, XVI, 1906, 20T. Slender, convex. Blackish-piceous, shining, sparsely clothed with pros- trate yellowish jiubeseence : elytra dark brown, the tips paler ; antennae fus- cous (ir reddish-brown; legs jiale yellow, the femora often darker. An- tennip reaching middle of elytvn. the second ,1oint longer than third. Thorax about as long as wide, distinctly wider than head, disk convex (male), feebly flattened along the luiiUUe (female), tinely and sparsely punctate. Klytra about one-halt wider and a third longer than thorax, minutely, sparsely and roughly iiiuiciato. Length i:.ri-2.8 mm. C'laric and Pd.xcv counties; scai-cc AEay fi-June 3. v,',-2 (1204:!). Taciiyvha cavicoi-us Loc, Xew Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 2'.i. Elongate, very slender, sparsely and finely pubescent. Thorax and ely- tra reddish-brown, the latter with tips paler; head and apical half of ab- domen piceous; antennre and le^'s pale yellow, the former fuscous at apex; liase of abdomen reddish-yellow. Thorax slightly wider than long, sides nearly straight; dislv finely and sparsely punctate and with a broad deep groove at middle. El.\'tra a third wider and one-half longer than thorax, finely, sparsely and roughly punctate. Abdomen distinctly narrower at base than middle. Length 2-2. .5 mm. Lawrence County; rare. August 7. XII. Gnypeta Thoiiis. 1857. (fir., "to fall on the knees.") Rather stout species having the middle eoxa;^ well separated, their cavities closed behind ; antenna:' rather long ; neck two-thirds or more as wade as head; thorax with a sh')rt transverse impression before the scutellum; abdomen narrower than elytra, very feebly con- stricted at base. KEY TO IXnjANA Sl'l-X'IES OF GNYPETA. II. Iieep black; thorax widest at apical third; dorsal basal segments of ab- domen coarsely and distinctly punctured. 653. nigreixa. nil. Dai-k reddish-brown lo ])icenus; thorax widest at middle; basal seg- ments of abdomen without punctures. 654. baltifeba. 653 (2044). Gnypeta nuirella Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 29. Deep black throughout, shining, sparsely clothed with fine grayish hairs; antennse and legs piceous. Antennae reaching base of thorax, the firist three .ioints (^^pial in length. Thorax slightly wider than head, two- fifths wider than long, sides broadly r(nmded in front, thence feebly con- verging to base; disk almost without punctures, but with a faiut median line and a transverse impression at Imse. Elytra distinctly wider and one- half longer than thorax, minutely and densely punctate. Abdomen nar- rower than elytra, iiarallel to near aiiex. Length 2.5-3 mm. Starke and Lawrence counties; scarce. Probably throughout the State. ]\rav ll-Auoiist 22. THE SHOHT-WIXflF.D SCATEXGEH BEETLES. 340 054 (2045). Gnypeta baltifeba Lee., N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I. 1803, 29. Head and apical half of abdomen pieeous, shining ; thorax, elytra and basal half of abdomen dark reddish-brown ; legs and antennfe somewhat paler. Antennfe reaching middle of elytra, second and third joints equal, longer than first, outer joints gradually larger. Thor.nx slightly wider than head, a little wider than long, sides rounded, disk minutely punctate and with an elongate, triangular median impression on basal half. Elytra two- fifths wider and a little longer than thorax, minutely and sparsely punctate. Length 2.5-2.8 mm. Lake and Putnam cnniities; soarce. Api-il 17-]\Iay 28. Taken by sifting. XIII. ]\1eronek.\ Shp. 1SS7. (Gr.. "femur.") Very small, rather stout siiecics liaviiiast two joints of abdomen pale yellow ; thorax and elytra finely, less densely punctate. 679. sxjbpygm.ea. (in. Byes very small, separated by three or more times their long diameters. s. Front of head convex. 680. analis. ss. Front of head concave. 681. cavifrons. (;62 (9503). Atheta palTjsteis Kiesw., Stett. Ent., Ztg., V, 1844, 318. Elongate, rather slender. Head and abdomen black ; antennse, thorax and elytra piceous, finely and sparsely pubescent ; legs dusky yellow. Head convex, finely and closely punctate ; antenufe short, stout, reaching base of thorax, the second and third joints equal. Thorax about as wide as long, sides rounded into base, disk finely and densely punctate. Elytra one- fourth wider, one-halt longer and more coarsely and distinctly punctate than thorax. Length 1.8-2 mm. Marion and Pntnam counties; scarce. March 25-April 11. Taken by sifting moist vegetable debris. 663 (2011). Atheta dichroa Gray., Col. Micr., 1802, 186. Elongate, moderately robust. Black, feebly shining; legs, base of an- tennse, elytra and tip of abdomen dull .N-ellow. Antennse reaching base of thorax, the third joint slightly longer than secoiid. Thorax nearly one- 354 PAjriLY Xr. fiTAI'IlYLINTD^. third wider than long, finely ami densely punctate ; disk with a very fine median line which expands into a shallow irayrcssinn at base. Elytra scarcely widei- than thin'ax, densely and finely punctate. Abdomen finely and very sparsely jjunctured. Length o mm. Starke and Clark cimntics: scarf c. .May 7-:\Iay If). (;(;4 (201(lj. ATHEr.\ .KMUL.\ Erichs.. (ien. Spec. Sluph., 184U, 102. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining; elytra, legs and base of an- tennae more or les.< dull jellovv. Antenrue slightly longer than head and thorax, third joint distinctly longer than second. Thorax scarcely one- third wider than long, minutely and rather sparsely punctate; disk with a rather wide, shallo^^• impression at middle of base. Elytra one-third wider and one-half longer than thorax, densely and rather coarsely punctate. Length 2.7-3 mm. ilarion, Putnam and Clark counties; frequent. March 6-No- vember 28. Taken by sifting. The sides of elytra are more or less fuscous. tJijS ( ). Atheta caviceps sp. nov. Elongate, rather stout, parallel. Head, thorax and abdomen piceous, sparsely clothed with fine, pale prostrate hairs ; elytra dark dull reddish- brown ; antennse piceous, the basal joints and legs dull reddish-yellow. Front of head with a broad shallow impression. AutemiiB slender, reach- ing middle of elytra, the third joint slightly longer than second. Thorax one-third wider than long, sides broadly rounded into base, surface finely and sparsely punctate and with a faint median impressed line. Elytra scarcely wider and one-third longer than thorax, finely and roughly punc- tate. Abdomen equal to elytra in width. Lengtb 2 mm. Lake, Marshall and ^Marion counties; rare. May 15-j\Iay 20. ii<;(j ( ). Atheta dextata Brnh., Deutsch. Eutom. Ztsehr., 1906, 342. Elongate, robust. Blackish piceous, shining, sparsely and finely pubescent; elytra dull clay yellow, the humeri, margins and apical angles often darker ; legs dusky yellow. Head broad, convex, almost smooth. Antennse stout, reach- ing beyond base of thorax, second and third joints subequal, eleventh almost as long as s-lo combined. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides nearly straight, hind angles rounded, sur- face sparsely, finely and roughly punctate and with a feeble impression at middle of base. Ely- Ira but slightly wider and one-third longer than thorax, minutely and roughly punctate. Length ;!-3.2 mm. (Fig. 154.) Throughout the State; common in the .■■'nutliern counties ; less so northward. .March 16-November 2!). Our largest species; taken by sifting, rarel\- by l)cating, and pi'obably hibernates. Fig. 154. X 16. (Original.) THE SHORT-WINGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. :'.55 CC7 ( — ■ — ). Atheta sulcata sp. nov. Elongate, robust. Piceous, shiuiug; elytra unifoi-m dull clay yellow; autemia^ fusrous, tlie (wo basal joints and less pale yellow. Head broad, front subdepressed, finely alutaceous. Auteiinie as in dentata, the apical joint shorter. Thorax, one- thi id wider than long, sides rounded on apic'al third, theuce nearly straight to base, hind angles obtuse; disk finely and ili'iisely punctate, with a distinct but fine median impressed line and a I'l'eble impression :it middle of base. Elytra as in dentata. Abdomen finely and rather closely punctate; under surface much more densely pubescent than in dentata; the apical half of the seventh dorsal segment reddish- translucent and with a distinct median tubercle in the male. Length .3.5 mm. Posey County ; rare. April 22. (iiis (2015). Atheta flaveoia Melsh., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 30. Rather stout. Dull reddish-yellow ; head, sixth dorsal segment of abdomen and often the tips and sides of elytra black or piceous ; legs and base of antennai pale yellow. Thorax one-third wider than long, sides rounded into base ; disk finely and closely punctured. Elytra scarcely nar- rower than thorax, sparsely and minutely punctate. Abdomen slightly nar- rower than elytra, sparsely and rather coarsely punctate. Length 2 mm. Orange County; rare. IMay 31— June 1. Taken from fleshy white fungi. 6G9 ( ). Atheta pennsylvanica Bmh., Deutsch. Entom. Ztschr., 1907, 388. Elongate, very slender. Reddish-yellow ; head and fifth to seventh seg- ments of abdomen black ; elytra in part piceous ; legs and basal joints of antennae pale yellow. Thorax scarcely wider than head, about as broad as long, sides rounded into base, disk finely and sparsely punctate. Elytr.i one-half wider and more coarsely punctured than thorax. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, smooth or nearly so. Length 1.7-2 mm. Lawrence and Crawford counties; scarce. March 6-July 29. Sifted from rotten fungi. (J70 ( ). Atheta punctata sp. nov. Rather robust. Head, thorax and elytra dark reddish-brown, shining; abdomen piceous ; antennae dusky, the two basal joints and legs dull yellow. Head convei, almost as broad as thorax, coarsely, sparsely and evenly punctate. Antennae rather slender, longer than head and thorax, second joint obconieal, nearly one-half longer than third. Thorax one-third broader than long, sides rounded Into base, disk punctured as the head. Elytra slightly wider and scarcely longer than thoray, the punctures a little smaller and more sparse than there. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and sparsely punctate. Length 2 mm. Posey County; rare. June 3. Sifted from debris of beech stumps. Very distinct from allied species by the coarse, sparse punctures of upper surface. o56 FAiriLY SI. STAPHYLIXIDiE. 1171 i'2'.nU). Atiieta polita .Melsh., Proc. Pliil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, ol. Short and luther robust. IIomJ. thorax and abdomen lihick. shining ; anteunir pic-euus : elytra and legs dnsliy or tuscous yellow. Head rather broad, c-onve.x. si)arsel.y and finely punctate; antennaf short, stout, reaching base of thorax, tlie third joint two-thirds the length of second. Thorax sul>orl>icular, seurcely wider than long, sides rounded into base, disk very finely and sparsely punctate. Elytra one-half longer and one-third wider tlian thora.x; more coarsely and somewhat roughly punctate. Abdomen as wide as el3rtra, parallel. Length 1..J-1.8 mm. JFarshall, ilarion, Pittnam, ^lonroe and Clark counties; fre- quent. ]\rareh 6-October 31. Taken by sifting rotten woody debris and leaves in damp places. (;72 (2013). Atheta FESTijSTANS Er., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 112. More slender than the preceding. Pieeous, feebly shining ; elytra dark reddish-brown to fuscous ; antennae pieeous, the basal joints and legs pale, dull yellow. Antennae more slender than In polita, reaching middle of elytra. Thorax one- third broader than long, sides rounded into base; disk finely and rather densely punctate and with a faint median impression on basal half. Elytra slightly wider and one-third longer than thorax, rather i-oarsely and densely punctate. Abdomen parallel, equal in widtli to elytra. Length 1.7-2 mm. ^^''arion, Putnam, Vigo, Lawrence. Clark and Posey counties; KC-arce. January 7-November S. Taken by sifting. Iho < ). Atheta dnigeanosa Brnh., Deutsch. Ent. Zeitsch., 1909, 521. Elongate, rather slender. Head and middle of abdomen black ; thorax, elytra, legs, base and tip of abdomen and base of antennae dull yellow. Antennae reaching base of thorax, the third joint a little shorter than sec- ond. Thorax one-half wider than long, finely and rather closely punctate; disk with a faint median line and a rounded impression at base. Elytra scarcely wider and one-third longer than thorax, finely and densely punc- tate. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, parallel, finely and rather sparsely punctate. Length 2.7 mm. Lawrence County; scarce. July 29. Taken from fungi. ''"1 ( )• Atheta vibginica Brnh., Deutsch. Ent. Ztschr., 1907, 393. Elongate, rather robust. Head, thorax and apical two-thirds or more of abdomen pieeous ; antennae and elytra bro\\Tiish-yellow ; legs pale yel- low ; two basal joints of antennas and base of abdomen usually reddish-yel- low. Front of head with a small round median impression, sparsely and finely punctate; antenna' reaching beyond base of thorax, the third joint slightly longer than second. Thorax one-half wider than long, sides rounded into base and apex ; disk densely and rather coarsely punctate and with a shallow median impression on basal half. Elytra slightly wider, one-half longer and more coarsely, sparsely and roughly punctate than thorax. Ab- domen parallel, a little narrower than elytra, indistinctly punctate. Length 2.5-2.8 mm. THE SHORT-WINGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 357 Throughout the State; fi-equent. April ] l-November 21. Oc- curs beneath vegetable debris iu low moist woods; also in fungi. This is said by Dr. Bernhauer to be a variety of crassicornis Fab. 675 (• ). Atheta maceoceea Thorns., Ofo. Vet. AK. Forh., 1856, 106. Elongate, rather slender. Head, thorax and abdomen black ; elytra and antennas piceous; legs dull yellow. Antennse long, rather stout, reach- ing beyond base of elytra, second and third joints subequal, fourth to tenth as wide as long, eleventh equal to ninth and tenth. Thorax as wide as elytra, sides rounded into base, disk finely, evenly and densely granulate- punctate. Elytra scarcely wider than thorax, more sparsely punctate than latter. Abdomen parallel to apical third, minutely and sparsely punctate. Length 2.5 mm. Marion County; rare. May 15. Taken by sweeping. 676 (2040). Atheta soedida Marsh, Col. Brit., 1802, 514. Elongate, robust. Head, thorax and abdomen piceous ; antennae brown ; legs, dull yellow. Antennae longer than head and thorax, the second joint one-half the length of third. Thorax as wide as elytra, sides feebly rounded, disk convex, densely and finely granulate-punctate and with a faint median impressed line. Elytra one-third longer and a little more sparsely and coarsely punctate than thorax. Abdomen distinctly tapering from middle to apex, densely and rather coarsely punctate. Length 2.8-3 mm. Lake, Marion, Putnam and Dubois counties; scarce. May 12- November 28. Sifted from moist vegetable debris. 677 ( ). Atheta laueentiana sp. nov. Elongate, slender, sparsely clothed with yellowish pubescence. Head, thorax and abdomen dark brown or piceous; antennfe and elytra uuiform brown; legs paler. Head convex; antennse reaching slightly beyond base of thorax, the second joint two-thirds the length of third. Thorax sub- quadrate, sides nearly straight on basai half, hind angles rounded ; surface, as well as that of head, elytra and abdomen, finely and indistinctly punc- tate and with an oval median depression on basal half. Elytra one-third wider and one-half longer than thorax. Abdomen distinctly tapering from middle to apex. Length 3 mm. Lawrence County; scarce. May]!. Taken from fungi. 678 (2014). Atheta ltiteola Erichs., Gen. Sp. Staph., 1840, 114. Short, rather robust. Head and apical half of abdomen brownisli- plceous; antennae, thorax, elytra and basal segments of abdomen brownisli- yellow, sparsely and finely pubescent; legs palei-. Antenna^ shorter than head and thoi'ax, second joint stouter and slightly longer than third. Thnrax as wide as elytra, twice as broad as long, sides rounded into base and apex ; disk convex, with a faint median imjiression on basal half. Elytra slightl.v longer than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, parallel. Length 2 mm, 358 FAMILY XI. — STAPHYLINID,^. Throughout the State, common in the southern counties; much less so northA\ard. March 13-November 1. Taken by sifting damp vegetable debris. Probably hibernates as imago. (wO ( ). Atheta suepygMxEa Brnh., Deutsch. Entom. Ztschr., 1909, 526. More slender than lutaulu. Pale brownish-yellow ; head and fifth and sixth segments of abdomen pieeous; antennas dusky except at base, rather slender, reaching middle of elytra. Thorax and elytra as in luteola, but much more finely punctate, the former without median basal impression. Length 2 mm. Starke and Kosciusko counties ; rare. June 18-June 24. Sifted from sphagnum mosses in tamarack swamps. 680 (2022). Atheta anaijs Grvh., Ool. Micr. Brunsv., 1802, 76. Elongate, very slender. Black, shining ; thorax and elytra dark brown- ish-yellow to pieeous; antennse, legs and last one or two abdominal seg- ments brownish or dusky yellow, the tarsi paler. Antennje reaching base of thorax, the second and third .ioints equal. Thorax suborbicular, slightly narrower than elytra ; sides rounded into base and apex ; disk, as well as that of elytra and abdomen, finely and densely punctate and with a small transverse impression on basal third. Elytra one-third longer than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, parallel. Length 1.8-2 mm. Putnam and Marion counties; frequent. March 20-November 28. Taken by sifting. 681 (9498). Atheta cavifbons Sharp, Trans. Bnt. Soc. Lond., 1869, 33. Form of analis. Dark reddish-brown, head pieeous; antennae, legs and last two abdominal segments dull yellow. Head with a broad but shallow median groove. Antennae, thorax and elytra nearly as in anaUs, the thorax with an entire faint median impressed line in front of the basal impression. Length 2 mm. Marion County; rare. November 2]. XX. Zyeas Steph. 1832. (Gr., "razor.") Rather broad species, having the head much wider than long, slightly narrower than thorax; antennas robust, longer than head and thorax, the third joint longer than second, legs long and slender. KEY to INDIANA SPECIES OF ZYEAS. a. Black, the elytra fuscous; eyes very large, placed less than half their length from base of head ; thoracic punctures extremely fine. 682. CALIQINOST'S. on. Reddish-liro\\'n; eyes smaller, placed at nearly their own length from base ; thoracic punctures fine but distinct. 683. planifer. (>82 (9528). Zyeas caltginosi's Casej', Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, 1893. 323. Rather stout, parallel. Black; antennae and legs dark reddish- yellow : elytra dull fuscous, shining. Thorax three-fourths wider than long, sides THE SHOET-WINGED SCAVENGEn BEETLES. 359 broadly curved, hind angles obtuse and blunt; disk alutaceous, very finely and sparsely punctate, sometimes with a fine median impressed line. Ely- tra slighily wider and longer than thorax, finely, distinctly and densely punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, polished. Length 3 mm. Putnam County; rare. Octoher 17. Described from Indiana and New York. 083 (9533). Zybas planifek Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Scl., VII, 1893, 32fl. Rather stout, subparallel. Dark reddish-brown, shining, the elytra darker except on humeri ; abdomen black, the first three segments in part or wholly pale; legs and base of anrennte pale reddish-brown. Antennae reaching middle of elytra, the third joint twice the length of second, ob- conical. Thorax one-half wider than long, widest at apical third, sides straight on basal half, disk convex, finely and sparsely punctate and with a faint median impressed line. Elytra two-fifths wider and slightly longer than thorax, rather coarsely and roughly punctate. Abdomen one-fourth narrower than elytra, parallel, smooth or nearly so. Length 3-3.5 mm. Putnam, Lawrence and Crawford counties ; scarce, ilareh 20- May 25. The thorax of male has a large flattened median area and is more coarsely punctate than in female. XXI. Xenodusa Wasm. 1894. (Gr., "strange + guest.") Robust brown species having the antennre very slender, head small; thorax wider than elytra, the sides much elevated; abdomen as broad as elytra, parallel, the first four or five dorsal segments with tufts of yellow hairs on the sides. 684 (2041). Xenodosa cava Lee, N. Sp. N. Am. Col., I, 1863. 30. Elongate, robust, parallel. Eeddish-brown, shining, sparsely pubescent. AntenuiO reaching middle of abdomen, the third joint twice the length of second. Thorax nearly four times as wide as long, sides broadly reflexed, hind angles acute, much prolonged, base bisinuate, disk minutely and indistinctly punctate. Elytra one-half narrower and slightly longer than thorax. Length 5-6 mm. (Fig. 155.) Throughout the State; scarce. April 25-August 17. Occurs in the nests of s(-veral kinds of ants. Usually but two or three of the beetles are found at Kg. iss. (Original.) 360 FAMTLT 31. STAPHTIXSTD^. a time, but I onc-e tr>i)k 2ii or more from among a colony of the ant Campoiioti's peiinsijlvankus beneath the bark »>f an elm l"g near Bli>jmijiv:ton. It i- said that they aiv fed by the ants and in torn exude a »-«:-retion whieh i, mui-h Uked by their h'j>ts. TWbe VU. ALEOCHARIM. Usually rather rol.n>t >i)eLies haxlng the head ni>t prolonsreil in a beak in front; inner lolie of the maxilla? moderately li>ng. its outer side hi >rn-like. its inner >ide leather-like, nsually with Ion?, fhorn- Uke teeth toward the tip. den--ly hairy behind the teeth: aU the tar-i with iiTe .ioinrs. The tribe is represented in the S^ate by five genera. KEY TO tSDIA3iA GZ>ERi OF AtEOCHABi:M. a. Head prominent, m^jre or less srrjagly consrri'i-re'l behind; first joint of iintennae s -iitiform. but only moderately lonz: epiplenra of thoras always visible from the side: third t" fifth d:'isa! seimems i^f aU- il>»men always trau~ve;-e!y siileate or constri'Te.1. b. First joint of hind rrasi shorter than the fifth j^'int and shorter than se.;-..iid and third together: body small, linear: third to sLxth il..»rs:,i sftrriieiiB of rtt-iomen transTersely snleate. XXII. Phixeopos-x. hb. First joint of hind tarsi longer than the fifth Joint and at least :l~ long as the se'-'jnd and third together. c. First joint of antennae at most only obliquely emariToate at the Tcry tip. XXIII. Caxodeea. cc. First joint of antennse obliquely subrnte or emarginate (for the re- ception of the se.;-.>nd Joint) in the apical fourth or fifth. XXIV. Amarochar.\. tri>nt.'ly ■ i.ti^-riited: abdomen elonL.'ate and parallel. I "•-"> ' (. Phiceofoba siBUEvii 'a^ey. Trsiiis. \raa~:il joints and le^rs yellow. Antenna" reai-hiiiL' Inse of thorax, the i-nter jo iits tr;uisverse. Thorax a« long as wide. ^iil>-< riinuded in front of mifMIe. thence nearly srraight to base, disk finely and ~[ .u-^ely |>nmt«ired. Klytra a third wider and a little longer than THE SHORT-WTNOxED Si^AVEXGEH BEETLES. 361 thorax, finely but distinctly punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than ely- tra, the first four dorsal segments deeply impressed at base. Length l.S- 2 mm. Lake and Marion counties ; rare. July 23-December 21. Taken from beneath bark of pine. XXIII. Calodera Mannh. 1830. (Gr., "beautiful + skin.") Head broad, prominent ; thorax much narrower and shorter than the elytra; legs rather long and slender. ()86 ( ). Calodeea infuscata sp. nov. Elongate, rather robust, parallel. Dark brown, feebly shining, sparsely and finely pubescent; head and apical segments of abdomen piceous. An- tenna stout, reaching base of thorax, the first joint pale. Thorax slightly wider than head, a little longer than wide, sides parallel behind the middle ; surface, as well as that of elytra, finely and densely punctate. Elytra one- half wider and one-third longer than thorax. Abdomen narrower than ely- tra, parallel, the first four dorsal segments rather deeply impressed. Length l.S mm. i\Iarion County ; rare. April 4. Taken by sifting. XXIV Amaroohara Thorns. 1858. (G-r., ' ' I shine 4- 1 am glad. ") Head oval, antennfe rather robust ; thorax subquadrate, scarcely narrower than the elytra ; abdomen parallel. 687 ( ). Amabochaba tenyesi sp. nov. Elongate, slender, parallel. Dark chestnut brown, shining; abdomeH piceous ; legs dull yellow. Thorax subquadrate, sides nearly straight, rounded into base; disk minutely and sparsely punctate. Elytra but slightly wider and longer than thorax, more distinctly punctate than there. Abdomen about as wide as elytra, the first three dorsal segments impressed at base. Length 1.8-2 mm. Lawrence and Clark counties ; scarce, ilay 6-May 12. Taken from beneath rubbish on the muddy banks of streams. Named in honor of Dr. A. Fenyes, of Pasadena, California, the acknowledged authority on North American Aleocharinje. XXV OxYPODA Mannh. 1830. (Gr.. "sharp -f feet.") Rather robust species clothed with sillsv pubescence; head nar- rower than thorax, antennas elongate ; thorax fis wide or wider than the elytra, the latter with the outer hind angles emarginate; abdo- men- usually narrowed behind the middli^; legs rather elongate. Five species have been taken in the State. 362 FAMILY XI. — STAPHYLINin^. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF OXYPODA. o. Lar,!,'er, .j-3.2 mm. ; dark brown, elytra and legs paler. 688. SAQULATA. aa. Smaller, not over 2.5 mm. 6. Thorax subparallel and curved at the sides, the apex almost as wide as the base, the latter as wide as the base of elytra, c. Dull brownish-yellow ; abdomen pieeous, pale at tip, distinctly tapering from base to apex. 689. amica. cc. Reddish-brown ; abdomen with only the fourth and fifth dorsal seg- ments pieeous, its sides nearly parallel. 690. palustbis. lib. Thorax subconical or with the apex distinctly narrower than base. • OxYPODA oBLtQUA Casey, Trans. Acad. Sci. St L., XVI, 1906, 316. Rather slender, convex. Chestnut brown, feebly shining ; head and ab- domen piceous ; tips of fifth and sixth abdominal sejrment.s and a faint, nar- row oblique line reaching from humerus to apex of each elytron, reddish- yellow; antennt-e fuscous, the basal joints and legs pale. Thorax three- fifths wider than long, sides broadly and feebly curved from near the base to apex, disk finely and densely punctate and usually with a faint rounded impression at middle of base. Elytra equal in width to and about one- fourth longer than thorax, more coarsely and roughly punctate than there. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, thence feebl.v tapering to apex, the impressiDns of second and third dorsal segments shallow but dis- tinct Length 2.5-2.7 mm. Marion. Pntnam and Lawrence counties; scarce. April 17-No- veinber 21. Taken by sifting., 4 (■)!.I2 ( ). OxYPODA PERExiLis Casey. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. L.. XVT, lOOCi, 316. Linear, convex. Brownish-yellow; head piceous;- anteuniE and apical half of abdomen fuscous, the base of former and the tip of latter jialer ; legs pale yellow. Antenna^ reaching base of thorax, the second joint one-half longer than third. Thorax one-half wider than head, two-fifths wider than long, sides feebly curved, disk very finely and densely punctate. Elytra slightly narrower and a little shorter, and more coarsely and roughly punc- tate than thorax. Abdomen evidently narrower than elytra, rather cifarsely and roughly punctate. Length 2-2.2 mm. Marion. Putnam. Clark, and Posey counties; scarce. Jlarch 20- July 4. Taken by sifting moist vegetable debris. XXVI. Aleochara Grvh. 1802. (Gr.. "warmth + gladness.") Rather broad and stout species having the head small, much nar- rower than thorax : eyes large, antennae tisually short and stout : thorax broad, the hind angles almost always rounded; elytra short and broad, their tips not emarginate or sintiate near the outer angles; abdomen usually coarsely and spareely punctate and \vith the first three or four dorsal segments narrowly and acutely im- pressed at base. Eight species have been taken in the State. 364 FAMILY XI. STAPH YLINID^. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF ALEOCHAEA. a. Form rather broad and stout, rarely parallel ; mesostemum without trace of carina at any point b. Sixth dorsal segment of abdomen simple and subtruncate at apex in both sexes. c. Antennse stout and spindle-shaped, not reaching base of thorax, the joints strongly transverse ; thorax wholly black. d. Elytra wholly black ; thorax finely and sparsely punctate ; length 5-7.5 mm. 693. lata. dd. Elytra in great part red ; thorax coarsely and roughly punctate ; length 4 mm. 694. eubrlpes. cc. Antennae more slender, reaching middle of elytra, the joints less transverse ; thorax wholly black ; elytra red, the base and sides narrowly black. 695. PtEUBALis. hb. Sixth dorsal segment of abdomen with a number of sharp, triangular teeth at apex in male, simple in female ; thorax with sides dull red ; elytra in great part red. 696. lusteioa. ail. Form more slender, linear, parallel ; mesosternum carinate. c. Color in great part black or piceous ; first three dorsal segments of abdomen impressed at base. /. Thorax finely and evenly punctate over its entire surface ; elytra wholly piceous. 697. sculphventbis. ff. Thorax unevenly punctate, the punctures at middle of disk in two uneven rows, the space between the rows smooth. !j. Dorsal segments of abdomen ^coarsely punctate, especially so in the basal impressions; eljiira each with a large, well defined, rounded, dull yellow spot at inner angle near suture. 698. BIMACULATA. Og- Dorsal segments of abdomen finely and more densely punctate; elytra each indefinitely dull reddish at apex near suture. 699. BrPUSTTJLATA. ee. Color pale reddish-brown ; first four dorsal segments of abdomen im- pressed at base. 700. tucn-iTGA. 693 (2053). Aleochaea lata Grvh., Col. Micr. Brunsv., 1S02, 186. Very stout and broad. Deep black, shining, sparsely clothed with grayish pubescence; tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax two-thirds wider than long, strongly rounded at base; sides feebly curved, converging toward apex, disk minutely and siiarsely punctate. Elytra slightly wider and about as long as thorax ; coarsely, closely and roughly punctate. Abdomen at base as wide as elytra, thence feebly but distinctly narrowed to apos, marked with coarse, sparse, oval punc- tures. Length 5-7.5 mm. (Fig. 156.) Southern half of Stnte. frequent. March Fig. 156. Lino shows ...uraisi^e. 24-September 25, Occurs beneath carrion. (Original.) ]\ Fating April 29. THE SHORT-WIXGED SCAVEXOKR BEETLES. dbO ''■'-l ' )■ Aleociiara rubeipes, sp. nov. Rather stuut. Ilend, thorax ami abdomeu bhick. shiinng. sparsely flothed with yell'. wish hair; elytra (lull reil. darker aloug the base and sides; antemi:e and leas reddish-hruwn. Head mure than half the width of thorax and. like the latter, marsely. evenly and rather sparsely punc- tate. Thorax one-lialf longer than wiilc. sides broadly rounded into base. I'liytra about as wide and long as thorax, rather closely and ciaisely punf- late. Abdomen as broad as elytra, sides parallel; upper surface coarsely and sparsely punctate. Ijcngth 1 mm. Posv-y Ciuinty: rare. April 21. il'-'o ( ')■ Aleochara pleuralis Casey. Trans. .\cad. Sci. St. L., XVI. 1906, 141. Rather stout, subparallel. I'ieeous black, shining; elytra in great i)art. legs and tip of abdomen dull red ; antennre fuscous, paler at base, the sec- ond joint much shorter than third. Thorax more than twice as wide as head, twivtbirds wider than long, sides and hind angles rounded ; disk finely and spirsely punctate. Elytra slightly narrower and a little shorter than thorax, rather finely, sjiarsely and roughly punctate. Abdomen at base as wide as el.vtra. thence dislinctly tapering toward apex: coarsel.v and sjiai'si-- ly punctate. Length 1-4.5 mm. Lake. I aporte and Vigo counties: scarce. ;\Iay 2-.Jtily 3. ()c- cm-s in flesliy fungi. (!'.h; ( ). Aleochara llsteica Say. Trans. Anier. I'hil. Soc. IV. ls::!4. IGS; ibid. II. o'^Zt. Very close to pleuralis. Differs in having the thorax dull red at sides. the base and sides of elyti-a more broadly piceous. Elytra and abdomen more coarsely, densely and roughly punctate. Length 1-6 mm. Throughout the State; senrce. April 15-0.'tober 1. Occurs on fieshy white fungi in den.se. damp woods : also beneath carrion. (l'.>7 i9.:i4SL Ai-EOCHara sc i utivektkis Casey. .Vun. X. T. Acad. Sei., VII. 1893. 2S5. Rather stout, linear, parallel. Piceous. shining ; abdomen black ; legs. basal joints of autennte and sometimes the tijis of elytra dull brownish-red. Antennte reaching beyond base of thorax, the second joint shorter than third. Thorax twice the width of head, one-half wider than long, the sides rounded into base. Elytra evidently wider and about the length of thorax, tinely. densely and roughly punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than ely- tra, parallel; the basal impressions of first three dorsal segments very large, deep, coarsely and densely punctate. Length .n.x^.5 mm. ]\rarion, (Grange and Claris counties; scarce. April 2r)-Septem- ber 0. Occurs on decaying fungi. (,lis *(iK)55). Aleochara bimaculata Grvh., Col. :\Iier. Brunsv.. 1s02. IsT. Rather stcnit. parallel. Klack. sliining; elytra paler near ajiex as men- tioned in key; tibiie. tarsi and tips of lower abdominal segments dull brown- 366 FAMILY XI. — STAPHYLINIDJE. ish-red. AntemiiB reaching base of elytra. Thorax more than twice as wide as head, three-fifths wider than long, sides rounded into base ; disk rather closely and unevenly punctate on sides and with two elongate, shal- low puucturt^d impressions at middle, the space between them smooth. I'jly- tra slightly narrower and shcjrter than thorax; densely and coarsely punc- tate. Abdomen as wide as elytr;i, parallel, densely and coarsely punctate above. Length 4r-6.5 mm. Southern half of State ; scarce. January 1-May 5. Occurs in horse dung and fungi. Hibernates beneath logs. 699 (2059). Aleochaba bipdstulata Ijinn., Faun. Suec, 1761, 232. Rather slender, parallel. Black, strongly shinmg, sparsely pubescent; elytra with an irregular dull reddish spot at inner angle near suture; legs piceous, tarsi paler. Thorax as wide as elytra, twice as wide as long, sides rounded into base, punctate as in Mmaculata, the punctures on sides more coarse and sparse thaii there. Elytra slightly longer than thorax, rather coarsely, closely and deeply punctate. Abdomen as wide as elytra, parallel. Length 2.5-i mm. Beach of Lake I\Iichigan, Lake County; rare. June 6-June 28. A member of the boreal fauna. A. nitida Grvh. is a synonym, as is probably also A. ve.rna Say. 700 (9551). Aleochaea LUcirroA (Jasey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., VII, 1S93, 288. Elongate, slender, parallel. Pale reddish-brown, shining; head and dorsal segments of abdomen more or less piceous. Antennae stout, reaching beyond base of thorax, the second and third joints subequal. Thorax about one-fourth wider than long, sides evenly rounded, apex narrower than base ; disk finely, sparsely and indistinctly punctate. Elytra very slightly wider and about as long as thorax, rather coarsely, closely and roughly punctate. Abdomen elongate, slig'htly narrower at base than elytra, thence feebly tapering to apex; the impressions of basal segments rather coarsely and closely punctate. Length 4.5 mm. Two specimens were taken in Truett's cave, ^lonroe County, July 9, about 700 feet from the entrance. They were found be- neath some moldy chicken bones left liy visitoi-s. Casey, loc. cit. says: "This interesting species is said to inhabit eaves, but as the eyes are well developed, it probably only seel;i. Head Nvithout suture or raised line each side beneath the eyes. Antenna- distant from each other at base, never elbowed, inserted on the front margin of the front, inside of the base of the mandi- bles ; labrum ah\ ays bilobed, thorax more or less convex, frequently densely punetiu'ed, with the side margins double, the inflexed por- tion between the two marginal lines smooth, variable in width; tho- racic spiracles visible. The tribe embraces the largest species of the family. They li^'e in decaying fungi, carrion, dimg and decom- posing organic matter in general. The North American -members of the tribe are at present dis- tributed among 13 genera, seven of which are repre.seuted in In- diana. KEY TO rNDIASA GENERA OF STAPHYLIXIXI. a. Fourth Joint of maxillary palpi shorter than third; size large, 10 or more mm. h. Thorax punctured, densely pubescent XXX. Listotbophus. bb. Thorax smooth, pubescent only on front angles; middle coxae widely separated. XXXI. Cbeophilus. ((((. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi equal to or longer than third. c. Ligula emarginate; size larger, 11 or more mm. ; form usually robust. (/. Middle cox;e slightly separated: abdomen narrowed at tip; thorax punctured, pubescent. XXXII. Staphtusis. 374 FAMILY XI. STAPHYLIXID^. dd. Middle coxse contiguous ; abdomen very long, parallel. XXXIII. OcYPUS. re. Ligula entire; size usually smaller, rarely over 10 mm.; form more slender. <■. Feiiiora si)iuous beneath; abdomen bicolored, head and thorax black. XXXIV. Belonuchus. re. Femora unarmed ; colors not as above ; labial palpi slender. f. First joint of hind tarsi as long as or longer than the fifth ; last joint of maxillary palpi slender and needle-shaped. XXXV. Philonthus. //. First joint of hind tarsi shorter than the fifth, joints 1-4, de- creasing graduall.y in length ; last joint of maxillary palpi elon- gate, conical. XXXVI. Actobius. XXX. LisTOTROPHUs Forty. 1830. Antennas slender, reaching middle of thorax, not subclavate to- ward apex as in GreopJiilus. Side marginal lines of thorax uniting in front. One of the two known species occurs in the State. 715 (2116). LisTOTBOPHUs ciNGULATus Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 166. Elongate, robust. Dark brown or piceous, densely clothed with golden. grayish-brown and blackish pubescence, the black hairs forming irregular spots on head, thorax and abdomen ; metasternum and tip of abdomen golden ; antennae dusky, the basal joints, tibire and tarsi reddish-brown. Head as wide as or wider than thorax, densely punctate ; eyes large. Thorax as wide as long, widest at apex, sides rounded into base ; disk densely and finely punctate. Elytra slightly wider but not much longer than thorax, densely and finely granulate. Abdomen narrower than elytra, sparsely and coarsely punctate. Length 13-18 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. May 6-September 12. XXXI. Ckeophilus Mann. 1830. (Gr., "flesh -f to love.") Antenn;e scarcely longer than hend, the outer joints gradually broader, the terminal one longer but narrower than the tenth and emarginatp at apex; side marginal lines of thorax not uniting in front, the outer one becoming obsolete one-third from the front angle. 716 (2119). Cbeopiiilis vri.LOSUS (!rav., ,Mon. Col. Micr., ISOC. 160. Elongate, robust. Hlaik. shining; second and third, and sonietiiiies the lourtli alidoniinal segments in groat part denscl.v cloflicd with yellowish-gray Imirs: a broad median. serrate cmss-hand on elytra composed of similar hairs. Thorax suborbicular, trunciite in front, disk wholly smooth. lOlytra oni'-lhird wider and one-half longer than thorn.x, linel.v and s|iarsoly piuict.-de. .\bdomen as wide as elytra. Length 12-1!1 mm. (Fig. 158.) ■''*A^?- ?i""u'"! * \ b I s,j,p (After Knobel.) THE SHORT-WINriED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 375 Througliont the State; frequent. April 6-Jiily 19. Occurs on decaying fungi and carrion. XXXir. SxAPHYLiNrs Linn. 1758. (Gr., "a kind of insect.") Usually large, robust species, having the middle eoxal cavities always separated, sometimes very narrowly, by the mesostemum ; head as wide as or wider than thorax ; abdomen more or less taper- ing; color brown or dull black. Of the 22 speeies listed from the United States the foUo^ving are known from or probably occur in Indiana : KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF STAPHYUNI-'S. II. Head suborbicular, its hind angles rounded; sides of thorax behind the middle sinuate ; scutellum pubescent, not velvety. 6. Constriction of neck not deeply impressed above; abdomen entirely black. Its segments beneath densely punctured and with golden pubescence along their front margins. 717, badipes, 66. Constriction of neck deep above and with golden pubescence; abdo- men beneath very sparsely punctate. ebtthboptebus. (70. Head usually subtriangular, suddenly narrowed behind, its hind angles obtusely prominent ; sides of thorax curved behind the middle, never sinuate; scutellum velvety. c. Thorax densely and regularly punctured over the entire surface, ex- cept at times a smooth median line. d. Front half of abdominal segments beneath densely and finely punc- tate and clothed with golden pubescence. e. Abdominal segments above with golden pubescence at base and sides ; elytra uniform reddish-brown. 718. vuipinus. ce. Abdominal segments above with double row of dark velvety spots at middle ; elytra brown with elongate fuscous spots. 719. MAOTJLOSUS. dd. Front half of abdominal segments beneath not or but little more densely punctate than apical half and without golden pubes- cence. f. Thorax subopaque, very densely punctate, the pubescence very evident. g. Elytra brownish or piceous ; tip of abdomen always paler. /(, Eyes normal; femora piceous; thorax without smooth me- dian line. 720. mtsticis. Ml. Eyes large, two-thirds the length of head; femora pale yel- lowish above, piceous beneath. femoratus. fffj. Elytra black, sometimes with golden spot ; abdomen wholly black. ). Abdomen above with a double row of small velvety spots; elytra entirely black, simply punctate. 721. tomentosis. //. .\bdomen above without velvety spots; elytra usually with a large golden pubescent spot, roughly punctate. 722. FOSSATOB. 376 FAMILY XI. STAPHYLINID.T.. ff. Thorax shining, punctures distinctly separate, pubescence scarce- ly evident. j. Upper surface brownish or piceous, not metallic. A-. Head, thorax and elytra pale reddish-brown. 723. CINNAMOPTBRUS. kk. Entire upper surface piceous. 724. comes. }}. Body above with more or less metallic lustre. /. Legs entirely black ; head, thorax and elytra violet. 725. VIOLACEUS. 11. Legs bicolored ; head, thorax and elytra bronzed. VIRIDANUS. ce. Thorax as wide as long, coarsely and irregularly punctured, with smooth spaces in front on each side and at middle near base ; color decidedly bronzed. exulans. 717 (2124). Staphylinus badipes Lee, N. Sp. N. Am. Col., I, 1863, 36. Elongate, rather slender. Black or blackish-piceous ; antennae and legs reddish-brovsTi. Head densely punctured; antennae slightly longer than head. Thorax longer than wide, a little narrower than head ; disk densely punctate vrith a smooth median line. Elytra together slightly wider than long, densely punctate, sparsely pubescent. Abdomen as wide as elytra, segments one to five above each with a small spot of golden pubescence at the middle of the front margin. Length 13-17 mm. Lake County ; rare. May 1-May 5. Taken from beneath cover on the beach of Lake Michigan near Pine; also near Hessville. A species of northern range. S. erythropterus Linn., 13.5 mm. in length, piceous, with elytra and legs pale, has been taken at Detroit. ^liehigan, and probably occurs in the northern third of Indiana. 718 (2130). Staphymnds vuijpinus Nordm., Symb. Mon. Staph., 1837, 53. Elongate, robust. Head, elytra and legs imiform pale reddish-brown; thorax and antennae darker brown ; abdomen piceous, the last ventral seg- ment reddish-brown. Antennae slightly longer than head. Thorax as wide as head, as broad as long, sides nearly straight, base broadly curved, disk densely punctate, with a trace of a smooth median line behind the middle. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, as broad as long, very densely punc- tured, sparsely pubescent. Abdomen narrower than elytra, finely punctn- late. Length 15-18 mm. Throughout the State; scarce. April 1-Septomber 25. Occurs beueath dead leaves and other cover, especially along the sandy margiiiK of lal^es and ponds. 719 *(2i:!1). STArnvuNOH MAerT,osu,s Grav.. i\l(iu. Co). Micr., 1806, 165. Keseuibles vulpiiius in form ami struct\u-e. Color darker brown; ely- tra and upper surface of abdomen variegated with fuscous spdis; base oC antennae, tibi:e, tarsi and tip of abdomen pale; femora piceous, with edges paler." Length 18-25 mm. (Fig. 159, a.) TTTE SHORT-WTXCF.n SfAVEXCKT; I'.EETI^ES. 8 ( ( Thi-niighout the State; frequent. April 28-Deeember 18. Oc- onr.s iu carrion, decaying fungi and dung. Hibernates beneath partly buried logs near a food supply. TliU (2132). SrAPHYLiNf.s mysiui s Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1S4U. 92ti. ■Mdderately elongate, rather mbvist. Dark brown to piceous, subopaque; tibiie. tarsi, basal joints of antennte and tip of abdomen reddish-brown. Thorax not wider than head, slightly longer than wide, sides nearly straight, base broadly curved. Elji:ra a little wider than thorax, together as wide as long, densely punctate and clothed with brownish hairs. Abdomen as wide as elytra, above densely punctate, sparsely clothed with brownish and yellow hairs; segments two to six with a double row of small velvety spots. Length 16-20 mm. Throughout the State ; scarce. April 15-October 4. Occurs be- neath cover in upland sandy woods. .s'. femorntus Fab., a southern form, 15 mm. in length, has been taken by Dury near Cincinnati and probably occurs sparingly in southern Indiana. 721 *(2135). Staphylinus tomentosus Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806. 161. Resembles mysticus In form and structure. Color wholly uniform black, opaque; thorax, elytra and abdomen sparsely clothed with short, black (rarely brownish) pubescence. Antennse in both species reaching middle of thorax. Head and thorax In both very densely and regularly punctate, the punctures of head coarser than those of thorax. Length 14^16 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. February 6-October 21. Oc- curs especially along the beaches of lakes, feeding on decaying fish ; also on fungi. 722 (2136). Staphylinus fossator Grav., Mon. Col. Micro., 1806, 164. Elongate, rather robust. Black, subopaque ; antennae and legs piceous ; elytra usually with a large spot of golden pubescence on the outer apical angles. Head, antennae and thorax much as in mysticus, the punctures of head coarser ; the thorax with a narrow, smooth median line on basal half. Elytra as wide as thorax, together as broad as long, densely and roughly punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, sparsely pubescent, densely and finely punctate. Length 13-17 mm. Putnam and Lawrence counties; rare. August 5-August 21. Occurs in decaying fleshy fungi. 723 *(2138). Staphymnus cinnamoptebtjs Grav.. Mon. Col. Mlcr., 1806, 164. Elongate, rather slender. Head, thorax, elytra, tibiae, tarsi, apical mar- gins of abdominal segments and entire last segment, brownish-red ; antennte, under surface, femora and abdomen in gi-eat part piceous. Antennse a lit- tle longer than head, slightly paler toward the tip. Thorax as wide as 378 B'AMILY SI. — STAPHYLINIDiE. head, sides straight or feebly curved, base broadly curved ; disk coarsely and ratliei' closely punctate, with a narrow, entire smooth median line. Klytra slightl.v wider than tliura.x, densely panctulate, sparsely pubescent. Abdomen evidently narrower than elytra, slightly iridescent, more coarsely punctate beneath than abuve. fiOUgtli 12-13.5 mm. Throughout the State; common. Februar>' 22-l)eeember 8. Occurs on fungi and l)cneath bark; hibernates beneath logs, mullein loaves, etc. The specimens taken in Lake C'ounty by Wolcott along the beach of Lake Michigan average larger and have the femora wiioUy reddish-brown. They indicate a distinct race. 724 (2137). Staphylinus comes Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Ck)l., I, 1863, 36. Resembles the preceding in form and size. Piceous, feebly shining; tibise, tarsi and tip of abdomen pale. Head broader, more coarsely and confluently punctate and more pubescent than in cinnamopterus. Abdomen with an indistinct double row of velvety spots above and sometimes with a pale yellowish spot each side on segments one to five below. Otherwise as in the preceding. Length 11.5-12.5 mm. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. Lake, Vigo and Posey counties; rare. April 19-June 9. Oc- curs beneath dung. 725 (2139). Staphylinus violacet;s Grav., Jlon. Col. Micr., 1806, 132. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining ; head, thorax and elytra dark violet blue to cupreous. Antennte piceous, slightly longer than head. Thorax as wide as head, as wide as long, sides feebly, base more broadly curved; disk coarsely and rather sparsely punctured and with a distinct, smooth median line. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, densely punctulate, spai-se- ly pubescent. Abdomen narrower than elytra, iridescent, densely and finely punctate at base, more coarsely and sparsely toward apex. Length 12- 14 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 9-August 19. Occurs on fungi, at carrion and beneath l)ark and logs. The base of ab- domen above is sparsely clothed with silver-gray pubescence which is plainly visible only in a side light. S. viridanus Horn, 15-16 mm. in length, occurs from New Eng- land to Michigan and has been taken near Cincinnati. *§. exulam Erichs., 11-14 mm. in length, is said to range from Canada to Geor- gia. Both species probably occur sparingly in the State. XXXIII. OcYPUs Kirby. 1837. (Gr., " swift -t- foot") One elongate, parallel species, having the middle eoxse not sepa- rated by the mesostemum and the last joint of the labial palpi oval, dilated, occurs in the Eastern United States and Indiana. TprE SH0KT-WIX(TEI1 St'AVEXGER BEETLES. 379 ~-'i' (2144). (Itvprs ATEB Grav., Mon. C-ol. Jlier., ISOG, 166. Black, shiniiiir; tibiae, tarsi anil basal bait' of auleiiLue pieeous. Anteiiii:i> slender, reacli- iug middle of thora.x. Head distjnctl.v broad- er than loug. fluely ;uid sparsely puuctale. Thorax longer tban broad, slightly narrower than head: sides nearly straight, rounded into base : disk finely and sparsely punctate. Eh-tra a little wider than thorax, together slightly longer than wide, finely and densely ' a l punctate, sparsely pubescent. Abdomen slight- r'ig. 159. (After Knobel.) ly narrower than elytra, above coarsely and rather closely punctate ou basal half, more finely and sparsely toward apes. Length 15-17..5 mm. iFig. 159, 6.) Yigo and Posey counties : rare. ^lay 11-July 5. Occurs be- neath stones and other cover near water. XXXIV. Beloxli^chis Xordni. 1S37. (Gr., "a dart-i-to have.'M (^ne small black and yellow species having the femora armed be- neath with a row of fine, slender spines, occurs in the State. 727 (2146). Beloxuchus fobmosus Gray.. Mon. Col. ilicr., 1S06, 72. Elongate, slender. Keddish-yellow ; head, thorax and last two seg- ments of abdomen black, shining. Antennae reaching middle of thorax, fuscous, the three basal joints piceous, apical one paler. Head slightly broader than thorax, coarsely and very sparsely punctate and with a length- wise impression between the bases of antennae. Thorax slightly longer than wide, sides nearly straight, rounded into base; disk with a row of five dee;i punctures each side of middle, and with about six others between these and margins. Scutellum piceous. coarsely punctured. Elytra one-half wider and slightly longer than thorax, finely and sparsely punctate. Ab- domen slightly narrower than elytra, sparsely pubescent, the dorsal seg- ments punctured on their basal halves. Length 0.5-7.5 mm. Southern half of State ; common. April 17-Xovember 10. Oc- cui-s at maple and other sap. in decaying fungi and carrion, and rarely on flowers. XXXY PmLONTHTS Curt. 1830, (Gr.. "a lover of dung.") A large group of smaU, slender beetles distinguished from allied iiimera only by the characters given in the generic key. The tho- rax, in the great majority of species, is marked on the middle of the disk with a double row of dorsal punctures, and the number of punctures in these rows is n.-M-d in separating the genus into groups. 380 PASCILY XT. — STAPHYLINID^. The puncture on the apical margin in front of each of these rows is nut counted ;is belonging to the discal or dorsal row, but to the mar- ginal series. The males in most species have the front tarsi more or less di- lated and rather pubescent beneatli and the terminal ventral seg- ment always more or less emarginate. For convenience the genus was divided by Horn into five groups, all of which arc represented in Indiana. KEY TO GROUPS OF THE GENUS PHILGNTHUS. I/. Thorax witti distinct and regular rows of dorsal punctures. 6. Front tarsi more or less dilated and silken pubescent beneatli. c. Three punctures in each dorsal row. Group A. cc. Four punctures in each dorsal row. Group B. ceo. Five punctures in each dorsal row. Group V. hh. Front tarsi filiform in both sexes and finely splno.«e beneath ; dorsal rows of punctures regular but varying in number. Group D. aa. Thorax irregularly punctured, un distinct dorsal rows; front tarsi di- lated. Group E. Gboup a. In this group the front tarsi are dilated and the discal rows contain but three punctures each. The following species have been taken or should occur in the State : KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GBOUP A. a. Thorax not narrowed in front, as wide as long ; larger, 6 or more mm. 6. Elevated line at base of each of the first three dorsal segments of abdomen in the form of a brace, • — , — ■ ; abdomen above coarsely punctured ; last ventral of male with a triangular notch. 728. POLiTus. bli. Basal lines of dorsal segments straight. c. Black or piceous, elytra more or less bronzed. a. Elytra shining, closely punctured ; thorax with a peculiai- golden iridescence at base. sebioincs. dd. Elytra rather sparsely and finely punctate ; head oval, not wider than long; legs reddish-brown. 729. umbbatius. CO. Bicolored; black, thorax and base of abdomen red. . 730. UETULUS. (la. Thorax narrowed in front; elevated line at base of dorsal segments straight, e. Elytra black, distinctly bronzed, roughly punctate. asper. ee. Elytra dark or dull yellow, not bronzed, simply punctate. 731. HEPATICUS. 72S (2149). Phii-onthus politus Linn., Faun. Suec, 1740, S43. Elongate, rather robust. Black, shining; ('l.ytra bronzed, sparsely pu- l)escent. Antenna^ piceous, reaching base of thorax, joints 5-10 broader THE SHOET-WINrtED SCAVEKGEE BEETLES. 381 than long. Head feebly bronzed, sparsely punctate behind the eyes. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides sinuate behind the middle, then rounded into base. Elytra a little wider than thorax, together almost square; sparsely and rather finely punctured. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, rather coarsely and closely punctate above, more sparsely beneath ; last ventral segment with a small triangular notch in male. Length 10- 32.5 mm. Vigo anil Crawford counties; rare. April 17-June 27. Occurs in stable manure. P. seridnus Horn, 11 mm. in length., is known from Canada, Pennsylvania and Texas, and therefore should occur in Indiana. 729 (2156). Philonthus umbratilis Grav., Micr., 1S02, 170. Rather slender, subfusiform. Black, moderately shining; elytra feebly bronzed, sparsely clothed with brownish hairs. Head subquadrate, punc- tured near the hind angles. Antennae piceous, slightly longer than head and thorax, joints 5 to 10 a little longer than wide. Thorax slightly longer than wide, sides nearly straight, dorsal punctures deep. Elytra wider than thorax, together nearly square, finely and rather closely punctate. Abdo- men more finely and less densely punctate than elytra. Last ventral of male deeply notched. Length 7-8 mm. Koseiuslso County : rare. July 24. Taken from beneath rub- bish on shores of Lake Wawasee. A boreal species which also oc- curs in Europe. 730 (2157). Philonthus l^tulus Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IA^ 1834, 449 ; ibid. II, 504. Elongate, slender. Head, elytra ;ind three apical segments of abdomen black ; thorax, femora and three liasal segments of abdomen dull red ; tibise and tarsi piceous. Thorax nearly square, narrower than head; sides sin- uate behind middle, then rounded into base. Elytra slightly wider and one-third longer than thorax, sparsely and finely punctate, very sparsely pubescent Abdomen coarsely and sparsely punctate. Length 6-9 mm. ]\rarion and Lawrence counties; scarce. April IS-September 12. Occurs in fungi. P. asper Horn, S.5 mm. in length, has been recorded from Cin- cinnati and very probably occurs in snnthern Indiana. It is found in the stems of mushrooms. 7S] (2167). PiiiLONTHrs hepatk i .s Eriehs., Gen. Sl)ec. Staph., 1840, 451. Slender, subfusiform. Head black ; thorax and elytra dark brown, the latter sometimes dull yellow ; abdomen and under surface piceous. An- tennre slender, reaching base of thorax, piceous. the two basal joints and legs pale yelli>wish. Head small, oval, narrower than thorax, with a very few coarse punctures, two of which are on the front between the eyes. Thorax longer than wide, sides nearly straight Elytra wider than thorax. 382 FAMILY ST. STAPH YLINIDJE. finely but not densely punctured, sparsely clothed with yellowish hairs. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, more finely and densely punctate. Male with last ventral acutely and deeply notched. Length 4.5-5.5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 8- August 15. Occurs on fungi and beneath dead leaves and logs. The abdominal seg- ments have their apical margins ahvays paler. Geoup B. In this group the front tarsi are dilated and there are four punctures in each of the dorsal row.s of thorax. The males are readily separated by the notch of the last ventral segment. KET TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GROUP B. a. Front tarsi of males very broadly dilated, sometimes plate-like. 6. Thorax oval, distinctly narrowed in front; elytra black or piceous, coarsely not closely punctured ; length 6.5-8 mm. 732. umbbinus. 7)6. Thorax quadrangular, very little narrowed in front. c. Elytra clear red, very sparsely and rather finely punctate. 733. PALLIATUS. cc. Elytra black or piceous, at least moderately punctate. d. Black; last ventral of male with a rather deep, lengthwise Im- pression extending nearly to its base. 734. quadricoixis. dd. Brownish or piceous; last ventral of male without a lengthwise impression ; legs and basal joints of antennse pale. 735. DEBILIS. ((((. Front tarsi of males moderately dilated, sometimes very little wider than in the female. e. Larger, 5-7.5 mm. ; antennse slender, the outer joints longer than wide. f. Elytra rather densely punctured; abdomen very distinctly punc- tured, vabians. ff. Elytra sparsely punctured, slightly bronzed; abdomen very indis- tinctly punctured. 736. lonqicobnis. ee. Smaller, not over 5 mm. ; antennte slender, outer joints quadrate. g. Thorax as wide as long; hindmost dorsal puncture distant from the third. discoidehs. gg. Thorax longer than wide; punctures equidistant. THEEMARUst, 732 (2169). Philonthus xjmbrinus Grav., Mon. Col. Mlcr., 1806, 169. Moderately elongate, rather robust. Body black, strongly shining ; legs piceous or dull brownish-yellow. Antennse reaching middle of thorax, joints 4t-10 gradually shorter and wider than long. Head subquadrate, front with two pairs of punctures above each eye; hind angles sparsely punctate. Thorax convex, slightly longer than wide, the hindmost puncture somewhat distant from the third. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, sparsely clothed with brownish hairs. Abdomen iridescent, sparsely and rather coarsely punctate. Last ventral segment of male deeply notched, the margins of the notch gi'ooved. Length 6.5-8 mm. Vigo County ; rare, July 1, Taken from decaying fleshy fungi. THE SHOET-WINGET) SCAVENGER BEETLES, 383 733 (2171). Philonthus paixiattjs Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 53. Elongate, slender, parallel. Black, shining ; elytra. legs and base of antennse dull reddish-yellow. Antennfe piceous, not reaching base of thorax, joints 5-10 nearly square. Thorax slightly longer than wide, dorsal punc- tures large, deep and equidistant. Elytra scarcely wider and not longer than thorax, sparsely pubescent Abdomen a little narrower than elytra, coarsely and sparsely punctate. Male with last ventral broadly and shal- lowly notched at apex. Length 6-6.5 mm. Laporte, Starke and Putnam cotinties; rare. July 10- August 20. Occurs beneath cover near water. 734 (2175). Philonthus qtjadhcoijjs Horn, Trans. Amer. But. Soc, XI, 1884, 194. Elongate, slender, parallel. Black, shining; antennse and legs piceous, the former reaching base of thorax. Head with a few coarse punctures be- hind the eyes and two on middle of front. Thorax slightly wider than head, a little longer than wide. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, finely, not densely punctate; surface feebly bronzed, sparsely pubescent. Abdo- men as wide as elytra, above sparsely and finely punctate at base, more densely toward apex. Length 5-7 mm. Northern half of State, frequent; less so southward. May 8- September 17. Occurs in fungi. 735 (2177). Philonthus debilis Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 35. Elongate, slender. Brownish-piceous to nearly black ; legs reddish- brown, the tibiae and tarsi darker; antennse piceous, reaching middle of thorax, the two basal joints paler. Thorax wider than head, not longer than wide. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, sparsely and rather finely punctate, feebly pubescent Abdomen above finely and sparsely punctate. beneath more coarsely punctate, the margins of the segments paler; last ventral of male deeply notched, the margins of the notch grooved. Length 5-6 mm. Lake, Starke and Kosciusko counties : rare. April 7-July 24. 736 (2179). Philonthus longicoenis Steph., Illus. Brit. Ent.. V, 237. Subfusiform, rather robust. Black, shining, sparsely pubescent Head oval, hind angles punctured; antennse piceous, as long as head and thorax, joints 4 to 10 slightly longer than broad. Thorax oval, a little longer than wide, distinctly narrowed in front ; sides nearly straight ; dorsal punctures deep, the hind ones more distant Elytra wider than thorax, slightly wider than long; rather densely and roughly punctate. Abdomen above finely and densely punctured, more so at the bases of the segments ; iridescent and more densely punctate beneath. Length 6-7.5 mm. Kosciusko County; rare. October 21. In the only specimen at hand the dorsal punctures of thorax are four on one side and five on the other. [25—23402] 384 FA^rlLT XI. STAPHYLINin.E. P vnriam P:iyk., 5-6.5 mm. ; P. dhcoulcus Grav., 4-5.5 mm., and P. thiDiiaruiii Aube, 3 mm. in length, all have a known distribution which should bring them within the limits of the Indiana fauna, but no one of them is represented in the collection at hand. Group C. In this group the punctures of the dorsal rows of thorax are five in number and the front tarsi of males are rather widely dilated; those of females more narrowly dilated. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GKOIP 0. a. Males with the last two ventral segments notched at apex ; color vari- able; surface densely punctate: length 4.5-f>X> mm. alumnus. aa. Males with the last segment only notched. h. Elytra i-ed. 0. Thorax entirely red, distinctly narmwed in front, much wider than head and as broad as the base of elytra. 737. thobacicus. cc. Thorax black. d. Thorax distinctly narrowed In front ; body spindle-shaped. 738. rusiFOKMis. dd. Thorax scarcely narrowed in front; form parallel; legs and base of antennte pale yellow. 739. fulvipes. 66. Eljrtra black or piceous. e. Legs and antennse wholly black ; elytra black ; length 10 mm. 740. SCHWABZI. ee. Legs and base of antennte paler; general color piceous. f. Head oval, distinctly narrowed behind the eyes. g. Elytra and abdomen opaque, very densely and finely punc- tured; antennte rather short and stout; .ioints 5-10 broader than long ; length 4.5-5 mm. 741. micans. fni. Elytra more or less shining, neither densely nor finely punc- tate. //. Antennas slender, the joints all longer than wide; length 6.5-8 mm. ('. Basal .ioint of antennte pale ; abdomen not coarsely punc- tate. 742. lomatus. a. Antsiinie entirely piceous; elytra more coarsely, abdomen more sparsely, punctate than in lowalva. cunctans. lili. Antenna^ shorter, thi' outer joints not longer than wide; ab- domen quite coarsely punctured ; length 5 mm. .-equalis. //. Head quadrate, not narniwcil behind the o.ves; abdomen finely punctulato; elytra lirownish ; length 5 mm. 743. beunnei s. 7.'?7 (21S41. riiTLONTiiVR THOUAcicus Grav., Mon. Ool. Micr.. 1806. 170. Slender, snbfusiforni. Piccnus, shining; thorax and elytra dull red; legs and three basal joints of antenmie lirdwuish-ycUow. .Vutenna' reaching beyond Iiase of thorax, joints all longer than wide. Thorax described in key. lOlytra together broader than long, not longer than thorax, rather THE SHORT- WIXOED filATEXGEE BEETLE^;. o8o densely and finely punctured, sparsely pubesoenr. AMomen as wide at base as elytra, tlience taperiny: tn apex, less densely and more roarsely punc- tured. Lengtli 7.5-^ mm. Throughout the State; searee. April l'2-August 12. Taken from beneath stones and logs. T;^.S (2lsr>i. Philonthus nsiFOBMis Melsh., Proc. Pbil. Acad. Nat .Sei.. II, 1S44. :iS. Moderately elongate, fusiform. Head and thorax black, strongly shin- ing; elytra dull red; antenna?, under surface and abdomen piceous; legs brownish-yellow. Antennie reaching base of thorax, all the joints longer than wide, two basal ones paler. Thorax wider than head, not longer than wide. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, together a little longer than wide, rather coai-sely and elesely punctate, sparsely pubescent Abdomen as wide at base as elytra, thenc-e feebly tapering to apes, sparsely and coarsely punctate. Length 5-5.5 mm. Lake and Putnam counties : rare. April 10-June 15. 739 (21S6). Philonthus fulvipes Fab.. Syst. Ent, I, 17S5, 526. Slender, parallel. Head, thorax and abdomen black, shining; elytra pale red; antenna and under surface piceous. Antennae reaching base of thorax, joints 5-10 as wide as long. Thorax slightly wider than head, a little longer than wide. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, together a little wider than long, rather sparsely and finely punctate. Abdomen as wide at base as elytra, sides almost parallel, surface rather coarsely and closely punctate. Length G.o mm. Starke Counts'; rare. April 26. Taken from beneath cover in sandy woodland pasture. 740 (21SS). PHrLOXTHis sohwabzi Horn. Trans. Amer. Ent Soc.. XI, 1SS4. 201. Robust fusiform. Uniform black, shinui?. Antennae slightly longer than head and thorax, joints all longer than wide. Head small, orbicular, sparsely punctured behind the eyes. Thorax much wider than head, not longer than wide, narrower in front ; dorsal punctures fine and equidistant. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, tt^ether a little wider than long, densely, finely and roughly punctata Abdomen feebly iridescent more coarsely and sparsely punctured than elytra. Length 9-10 mm . "^olf Lake and Pine, Lake County; frequently loeaUy. IMareh 26-ilay 21. Taken by "Wolcott from beneath cover on sandy beaches. One of our largest and miist robust species of Philonfhus. Recorded heretofore only from ilassaehusetts and Detroit, ^Mich- igan. 741 (2196). PHiLOXTHrs micaxs Grav., Mon. Col. ilicr., IsCmI. 25. Elongate, slender. Head piceous; elytra and abdomen brownish or piceous: legs dull yellow. Antennie reaching base of thorax, piceous, the basal joint paler. Thorax much wider than head, as broad as long, slightly 386 FAMILY XI. STAPHYLINIDJi;. narrowed in front. Elytra very little wider than thorax, densely punc- tured, subopaque, finely pubescent. Abdomen parallel, slightly iridescent, densely and rather finely punctate. I^ength 4.5-5 mm. Steuben. Vigo, ].;iwreiiee, Posey and Crawford counties; rare. A pril 22-Oetober 7. 742 (219T). Philonthus lomatus Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 4s:i. Jloderately elongate, more robust than in tnioans. Head black, shin- ing; thorax and elytra black or dark brown, bronzed; under surface and .ibdomen piceous, the margins of the ventral segments paler; legs dull yel- low. Antennae nearly half the length of body. Thorax oval, longer than wide, narrowed in front. Elytra not wider at base than thorax, together one-third longer than wide ; rather closely and finely punctate. Abdomen more sparsely punctate and as wide at base as elytra, thence feebly but distinctly tapering to apex. Male with front tarsi rather broadly dilated and last ventral with a triangular notch. Length 6.5-8 mm. Throughout the State; one of the most conunon of the Staphy- linids. March 17-October 14. Occurs beneath cover, more com- monly in low moist places. P. alumnus Erichs. and P. cunctam Horn are species of south- ern range, which may perhaps be found in southern Indiana. P. irqualis is a member of the boreal fauna which may inhabit the northern counties of the State. 743 *(2200). Phii.onthds bbdnhbus Grav., Mon. Ool. Micr., 1806, 172. Short, rather robust. Dark chestnut-brown to piceous, shining; l^s and basal joints of antennae dull yellow; apical margins of ventral seg- ments paler. Antennae reaching middle of thorax, joints 4-10 as wide as long. Thorax slightly wider than head, longer than wide, feebly narrowed in front. Elytra very little wider than thorax, densely, finely and roughly Iiunctate. Abdomen densely and finely punctate above, more sparsely and coarsely beneath. Apex of last ventral of male with a large oval notch. Length 5-5.5 mm. Throughout the State ; frequent. March 13— December 8. Oc- cui-s in fungi and beneath rubbish in damp woods ; also at carrion. Group D. In this group the front tarsi in both sexes are not at all dilated and the under surface of the tarsal joints bears sparse, short, stifE hairs, while in the preceding groups the under surface is thickly clothed with silken hairs. The dorsal punctures are variable in number. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GBOUP D. ". Dorsal punctures three. b. Thorax wider than long; el.ytra metallic blue or green. 744. CVANIPKNNIS. THE SHOET-WIXGED SCAVENGEE BEETLES. 387 6b. Thorax oval, as long or longer tban wide, not or but slightly nar- rowed in front. c. Species bicolored. i!. Blut^black ; thdrax and base nf abdomen reddish-yellow. 745. BiANors. ihl. I'ieeous ; elytra red. nearly smooth. yrEDiiNUs. '•'•. Species not bicolored. '. Entirely black, elytra bronzed; abdomen distinctly jjunctate. /. Notch of last ventral of male oval. 746. soedidis. ff. Notch of last ventral triangular. cephalotes. ee. Picecus or fuscous yellow, head black; abdomen sparsely punc- tured beneath. inqcietus. '/'(. Dorsal punctures more than three. (/. Dorsal punctures four. 7i. Thorax nearly square ; length 5 mm. 747. ventbalis. hh. Thorax longer than wide, its sides parallel; elytra black, as long or longer than thorax, nearly smooth at sides and base. FAIXACIOSIS. gg. Dorsal punctures five; thorax oblong, notably longer than wide. /. Pieeous or brownish, j. Last ventral of male without a notch but with a channel ex- tending the entire length of the se;iment. 74s. pabvls. jj. Notch of last ventral distinct, broad, semicircular. 749. MICBOPTHALiirs. ;/. Black, shining; notch of last ventral very feeble and with a long triangular smooth space. 750. nigbitclxs. ggg. Dorsal punctures seven or eight. 751. iiuLTiPuxcxATis. 744 (2201). Philonthus ctaxipennis Fab., Ent. Syst, I, 17S5. 525. Elongate, robust. Black, shining; elytra nietallic blue; antennae and tarsi pieeous. Head large, quadrate, as wide or wider than thorax, coarse- ly punctured behind the eyes. Thorax oval, slightly narrower in front Elytra slightly wider than thorax, together broader than long, coai-selv and rather densely punctate, sparsely pubescent Abdomen iridescent more coarsely and sparsely punctured than elytra. Length 12-15 mm. Throughout the State : frequent. April 27-(Jetiiber 23. Oc- i-urs on fleshy fungi. 745 (2202). PHU-ONTHts bla>"Dus Grav.. Jlon. Col. Micr., ISOi".. 72. Elongate, slender. Head, eljrtra and apical half of abdomen black. shining, often with a bluish tinge; thorax, base of abdomen and legs red- dish-yellow; antennje pieeous. Head subquadrate. sparsely punctured be- hind the eyes. Thorax scarcely wider than head, sides sinuate near base. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, together one-fourth longer than wide, sparsely and finely punctate. Abdomen as wide as el.vtra, very sparsely pimctate. Length 5-5.5 mm. Throughout the >^tate; scarce. ^lay 11 -October 31. Occurs in leatherv' fungi on beech and elm stumps. :)S8 FAinLY XI. STAPHYLTNTD/l-:. P quidiiinia Horn, 6 mm. in length, was described from Detroit and Kansas and should, therefore, occui- in Indiana. 740 (21'04). Pi-iii.ONTiirs sordidus (}imv., Mon. Col. Mlcr., 1S()(1, ITtl. Elongate, slender. Black, shining; elytra bronzed; antenna} and legs pieeons, the former sliorter than head and thorax, joints 5-10 wider than long. Thorax not wider than head, slightl.v wider than long, not narrowed in front. Elytra a little wider than thorax, coarsi>ly, ronghly and sparsely liunctate. Abdomen parallel, more finely and sparsely pnnetate than elytra, the ventral segments with their apic.-il margins iialer. I>ength 5.5-7.5 mm. Marion C'ounty; scarce. April 12. Taken from beneath car- rion. P. cfphaJotes Grav., length 6-7.5 mm. ; P. inquietus Erichs., length o mm., and P. faUncinsua Horn, length i mm., all have a range'which denotes the ]iossiliility of their occurrence in Indiana. 747 (2209). Philonthus ventealis Gray., >Ion. Cid. Jlicr., 1806, 174. Rather short, robust. Head and thorax black, shining ; elytra and ab- domen piceoiis or dark brown ; antennre pieef>ns, as long as head and thorax, .joints 4-10 as wide as long, the two l)usal ones ,and legs dark reddish-bro\\^l. Thorax slightly wider than head, not narrowed in front; dorsal punetnres deep, the fourth somewhat distant from third. Elytra slightly wider than tliorax, rather finely not closely punctate. Abdomen sparsely and finely punctate. Notch of last ventral of male feeble. Length 5 mm. Lal\Iay 5— Tuly 24. 74S (2210). Pi-iiLONTHi's PARVX's Hom, Trans. Ainer. Phil. Soc, XI, 1SS4. 214. Elongate, slender. Piceous, feebly shining ; elytra slightly bronzed ; an tenuip dusky, two basal joints and legs dull yellow. Antennae as long as head and thorax, joints O-lo as wide as long. Thorax oblong, not wider tlian head, longer than wide ; sides nearly parallel ; punctures equidistant. Elytra together dis-tinctly longer than wide, slightly wider and about as long as thorax, rather finely and sparsely punctate. Abdomen slightly iri- descent, the punctures finer than on elytra. Length 4.5 mm. llarion, Putnam and (]lark counties; scarce. April 4-October 17. The male is easily distinguished from the next by the entire groove of last ventral; the female has elytra longer, more sparsely punctate and evidently bronzed. Descril)ed from Arizona. Speci- mens were submitted to H. C. Fall for verifieation. 749 (2222). Philonthus microphthalmus Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. XI, 1SS4, 210. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax black; elytra, abdomen. tibi:r and tarsi piceous; femora dull yellow. Antenna- shorter than head and thorax, joints Ti-Kl as wide or wider than long. Thorax scarcely wider than head, sides nearly parallel; punctures equidistant. Elytra slightly THE SHOKT-WIXGED SCAYEX(;F.]i BEETLES. 389 Wider than thorax. to.?ether a little longer than wide; rather frsal punctures eight, the rows diverging toward base, the last puncture nearer the median line. Ely- tra slightly wider than thorax, together one-fourth longer than wide, rather finely, shallowly and sparsely punctate. Abdomen parallel, as wide as ely- tra, above finely and rather closel.v. beneath much more sparsely, punctate. Last ventral of male with a broad rounded median notch. Length 4-^.5 mm. Lawrence f'dunty; rare. ]May 9. Taken from beneath decay- ing fleshy fungi. Gboup E. ^Medium or rather large species. 7 or more mm. in length, hav- ing the punctures of dorsal rows irregular or confused, or some- times the entire thorax with numerous or even dense punctures. Last ventral of male always emarginate. KEY TO IXDIAXA SPECIES OF GEOLP E. a. Thorax longer than wide, either parallel or narrowed behind. 6. Thorax with very few punctures; head oval, nearly smooth, narrowed behind the eyes: length s.." mm. serpextixts. 66, Thorax with numerous coarse punctiircs : head transverse (ir quad- rate, iKif narrciwed behind; length 0-13 mm. c. Head transverse, wider than h)ng. >;, Antenn:i' licad-like: elytra red: abdomen brown. 752. BALTIMOBEXSIS. 390 FAMILY XI. STAPHYLINIDiE. (Id. Antenna^ of normal form ; tip of abdomen reddish. 753. APICALIS. cc. Head quadrate, punctured beneath ; legs pale yellow ; length 7.5 mm. VIEIDANUS. (Id. Thorax oval, as wide as long, distinctly narrowed in front. r. Thorax densely punctured, a narrow median space only smooth ; legs pale yellow ; length 9.5 mm. conpertus. oe. Thorax coarsely and sparsely punctured; legs piceous; last ventral of male feebly emarginate ; length 7.5-9.5 mm. 754. aueui^ntds. P. serpentinus Horn, reddish-bro-\^TL, bead and thorax black, was described from a specimen taken in Kentucky, near Cincinnati. It doubtless occurs in southern Indiana. 7!'>2 *(2228). Philonthus baltimokensis Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 3806, 163. Elongate, robust. Head and thorax black; elytra dull red; legs pic- eous, the tarsi paler. Antennre reaching middle of thorax, piceous, the ap- ical joint pale. Thorax scarcely as wide as head, slightly longer than wide, distinctly narrowed behind the middle, sparsely and irregularly punctate, smooth at middle. Elytra wider than thorax, its surface, as well as that of abdomen, rather coarsely, not densely punctate. Length 10-13 mm. Throughout the State; scarce. March 18-December 10. Hi- bernates beneath logs and rubbish in fence rows. 753 (2229). Philonthus apicalis Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 1834, 451 ; ibid. II, 566. Elongate, rather robust. Black, shining; tarsi, terminal joint of an- tennae and last three segments of abdomen reddish-brown. Antennfe reach- ing middle of thorax, joints 6-10 as wide as long. Thorax slightly nar- rower than head, a little longer than wide, feebly narrowed behind, punc- tate as in ialtimorensis. Elytra wider than thorax, together one-third longer than wide ; surface as well as that of abdomen, coarsely and sparsely punctate. Length 9-11 mm. Lake, Marion and Putnam counties; rare. May 3-October 31. Occurs beneath logs on damp wooded hillsides. P. V'iridanus Horn, occurring "from the Middle States westward to Missouri," and P. confertus Lee, known from Canada, Iowa. Illinois, and Kansas, probalily occur in Indiana but are not repre- sented in the collections. 754 (2234). PHiLONTHfs axrulbntus Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XI, 1884, 222. Elongate, robust. Black, feebly bronzed or iridescent. Antenna? pic- eous, slightly longer than hc.-ul and thorax, joints 8-10 wider than long. Head subquadrate, coarsely jiunctate at sides, smooth at middle. Thorax as wide as long, smooth at middle, coarsely and rather evenly punctate at sjflps. Elytra slightly wider than thorax, together a little longer than wide. THE SHORT-WIXGED SCAVENGEIi BKKTLKS. 391 densely and rather finely puuctate. Abdomen sparsely and finely punctate above, more distinctly beneath. Length s-'.i.o mm. One in AVoleott collecti&u from beai-h of Lake Michigan near Pine, Lake County. June li. Known from Michigan, Kentucky and the northwest. XXXVI. AcTOBius Fauvel. 1875. (Ur., "shore + 1 live.") Small, slender, sparsely pubescent species having the last joint of maxillary palpi conical, acute and longer than the next to last joint; the first joint of hind tarsi e(|ual to or shorter than fifth. The males have the front tarsi more or less dilated and the last ventral emarginate. often feebly so. Twenty-three species are listed from the United States. Of these the following have been taken or probably occur in Indiana: KEY TO INDIAN; A SPECIES OF ACTOBIUS. a. Upper surface black or piceous. b. Elytra very densely punctured and opaque. V. Head opaque, very fiuely and densely punctured both abnve aud below. 7.5.0. cI^•ERAScE^-s. cc. Head more or less shiuing. punctures ab.ive coarse and much less dense. (?. Thorax oval, very little lunger than wide. e. Elytra longer than thurax. the latter not narrower behind. 750. NANUS. ( c. Elytra not longer than thorax, the latter very plainly narrowed behind. inutilis. do. Thorax oblong, much longer than wide ; elytra depressed, paral- lel, longer than thorax. 7.57. fkateeculus. bli. Elytra more or less shining, their punctures distinct. f. Thorax oblong, narrower behind, its punctures numerous, irregu- larly placed; elytra distinctly lunger than thorax, paler at tips, the punctures sparse and rather coarse. 75s. soBEixrs. ff. Thorax more or less oval, not narrowed behind, the punctures few- er and arranged in three irregular rows each side. g. Elytra finely and rather densely punctured ; larger, 5-6 mm. ; luceous, the legs pale. 7i. Elytra very densely punctured; front tarsi of male very broad- ly dilated. patella. 7(7|. Elytra shining, le.-s densely punctured: front tarsi of male much less dilated. 7.59. loxatus. (/(/. Elytra coarsely punctured : smaller, not over 3.5 mm. ; anterm;e and legs pale. 7iiO. pabcus. u(i. Bicolored species; thirax and legs always yellow. (■ Abdomen above and beneath rather densely punctured, feebly or not at all shining. ''<92 FAMILY XI. — srAPinn.ixrD.n. ,/. Aiif'X of elyti-a willi imrrow ])ale bdvdcr. Till, p.-ederoidhs. jj. Elytra unifonn in ciilni-, iiKirc elongate. 7(12. .locosrs. li. Alxldnien ver.v sii.irsel.v punctnnd, nioi-c strongly shining;; head and tliovn.x with nnnievous i)nnetnres. A-. Metatborax nearly black; elytra widely dull yellow at tips. TERMINALIS. II-. Metatborax reddish: elytra narrowly bordered with jialer at tips. IIMBRIPENNIS. 7ri5 (l'2:;."i). AnoBirs cinerascens Grav., Mon. Col. i\Iicr., 1S(I(1. 4!). Elongate, slender. Head and thorax black ; elytra and abdomen pie- eons, opaqne ; legs dnsky yellow, the tibiiip and tarsi darker; antenn;e brown- ish, paler at base and tip. sliorter than bead and thorax, the joints all longer than wide. Thorax not wider than lu^ad. very little longer than wide, sides sinnate; disk rather closely and coarsely punctate, with a nar- row smooth space at middle. Elytra slightly broader than tliorax, together one-third longer than wide ; surface, as well as that of abdomen, densely and finely punctate. Length 4-.T mm. ATnrsh:Vl and Putnam counties; fi'ec|uent. April lY-Octobcr 17. Taken iiy sifting damp vegetable debris. '."iii (22;-!(;). AcTonn s nanis Horn, Trans. Amer. lOnt. Soc, XI, 1SS4. 225. Elongate, slender. Head and thorax black, shining; el.ytra and ab- domen piceons, subopaque ; antenme and legs dusky yellow. Head coarsely and sparsely i)nnctate above, more finely and closely beneath. Thorax not wider than head, sides sinuate; dislv sparsely and co.irsely pun(tale on sides, with a broad median smooth space. Elytra slightly wider and oiie- tliird Irjnger than thorax; surface, as well ;is that ol' abdomen, densely and finely punctate. Lengtli 4.5 mm. S^tcuben and Prjsey counties; rare. April 21-?ila.v 25. Taken by sifting'. Pborter and slightly stouter than ci nrrascriis. ^vith the head and thorax much moi'e coai'sely and .sjiarsely punctate. T.'T (L'2:;S). .\(T0B7rs FRATERCULUS Hom, Traus. Amer. Ent. Soc, XI. lSS-1, 22(;. Elongate, very slender, iiarallel. Head and thorax black, shining; ely- tra and abdomen brownisb-piceons. subopaque; anteinia> and legs pale I.ro\^n. the former shorter than lie.-id and thorax, joints N-K) as long as wide. Head sub(|uadrate. s|>arsely and coarsely jmnctured almve. more dcn-i'ly beneath. Thorax not wider tlnni bead. (a\e-tbird longer flnni wide vei'y little n.aiTowed behind; disk coarsely and sparsely punctate, witii a rather broad, meilian sniootb siiace. lOlytra slightly wider and oue-thinl lunger than thorax; surface, as well .-is that of abdomen, rather Hnely inrl densely ]iunctate. Length .",.."i unn. Clarion County; rni-e May ■](). T.akeii from beneath bark of butternut. THE -5Xi nun. Putnam and Pusey counties: frequent. April 22-OLtolier 17. Sifted from beneath damp vegetable debris. 7i'.U i224lM. AcTOBius PABCus HoiTi. Traus. Amer. Ent. Sm-.. XI. Iss4, i;34. Slender, subfusiform. Black, shining : elj-tra and abdomen with a pie- ecius tinge; legs dull yellow, the tarsi dusky; antennie brownish, reaching middle of thorax : terminal joLuts paler, all as wide as long. Head oval, sparsely and coarsely punctate on sides and beneath. Thorax slightly wider than head, very little longer than wide : the punctures each side of the median smooth space arran.'eil in a regular row of seveu. Elytra a little wider and longer than thorax, sjiarsely and e■'a^^el,^ punctate. Ab- domen more finely punctate, the second and third dorsal seciiieiits nar- rowly transversely impressed at base. Length 3.-5 mm. Knsciusko. Starke and Putnam counties; frequent. Apiil 17- October 17. Taken by sifting. 701 (22.51 I. AcTOBii'^ P^IDEEOIDES 1*0-,. X. Sji. X. Amer, Col.. I. IsiS. :>. Elongate, -lender. Head. njesi> and metasterna and tip of abdomen bhick : thorax, ba-^f- of alxlomen and leg- yellow ; elytra black with a bluish tiUL'e. the tips paler; antennse piceon-. three basal .joints paler, joints iJ-lO as wide as long. Head very coarsely jiunctate. smooth at middle. Thorax oblonir. not wider than head, slightly narrower near tia apex, not bent downward in irmit. THE SHOET-WINGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 395 ft. Punctures in dorsal rows of thorax four to six in number. c. Color in great part black or piceous. d. Thorax and elytra black, legs dark reddish-brown, obsidiaxus. dd. Thorax and legs reddish-yellow ; form very slender. 764. UNEAEIS. CO. Color mostly pale; head usually black or piceous. e. Abdomen wholly pale; punctures of head distinct, coarse and sparse. f. Dorsal rows of thoracic punctures extending but little behind the middle ;' form more robust ; length 5.5-6 mm. 765. EMMEsrs. tf. Dorsal rows of punctures extending nearly to base; form very slender; length 4.5-5 mm. 766. itsciceps. c<\ Last two segments of abdomen black; punctures of head very minute and indistinct; length 7-7,5 mm. 767. inmaxensis. 6 ft. Punctures in dorsal rows of thorax S to 12 in number. g. Piceous black, thorax not paler. 7i. Head beneath feebly punctured, above very sparsely and coarsely punctured on the sides ; elytra dark red. 76S. gulaeis. hli. Head beneath coarsely and deeply punctured; elytra piceous. legs dull brownish-yellow. 769. obscurus. gg. Brownish-yellow, head darker; gular sutures deep. i. Head very sparsely punctate; body moderately robust. 770. HAMATUS. //. Head more closely punctate, especially on sides; body very slen- der. 771, pusiiirs. *763 (2268). Xantholinus cEPHALrs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., I^'. 1S.34, 452; ibid. II, 567. Elongate, slender. Black, shining : elytra and legs reddish-yellow ; an- tennae and under surface dark reddish-brown to i>iceous. Head longer than wide, sparsely and coarsely punctured above, more finely punctured and alutaeeous beneath. Thorax one-half longer than wide, as wide as head in front gradually narrowed to base. Elytra as long as and scarcely wider than thorax, coarsely, shallowly and sparsely punctured. Abdomen finely and very sparsely punctate. Length 6.5-7.5 mm. Vigo and Posey counties u rare. October 7-December 2.5, Oc- curs beneath bark and rubbish, X. ohsidianus Melsh.. 6.5 mm, in length, occurs in Pennsylvania and Iowa, and probably inhabits Indiana, -fyi ( ). Xanthoukus linearis sp. nov. Linear. Head black, shining; thorax, legs and three basal joints of antenniB reddish-yellow; elytra reddish-brown, the margins and epipleura liale yellow; abdomen piceous. Antennae stout, but slightly longer than head, pale brown. Head alutaeeous, as long as and wider than thorax, coarsely and evenly punctate on sides and base above, sparsely and more 396 FAMILY XI. STAPTIYLINID^. fiiuely punctate beneath. Thorax one-half longer than wide, gradually but feebl.v narrowed from apex to base, the dorsal rows with five or six coarse punctures. El.\tra scarcely wider and a little shorter than thorax, coarsely and sparsely punctate, the punctures in somewhat irregular rows. Ab- dominal segments finely and sparsely punctate at base, both above and be- neath. Length 5.5 mm. Pittnam County; rare. April 24. Taken by sifting. Liebeck compared this with the specimens in the Horn collection and stated that it was a species near iempornlis Horn. That species was de- scribed from Florida, has the thorax black, the elytra piceo-testace- ous at sides and tip and the inner frontal groove long and deep. *li'iVi (2274). Xantholinis emmesus Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., ISOG, ITtJ. Elongate, slender. Head black or lolceous, rarely pale ; thorax, elytra and legs jiale reddish-brown, strongly shining; al)donien usually reddish- fuscous; antennse slightly longer than head, brownish, paler at base. Head a little wider and as long as thorax, sparsely and coarsely punctate above and beneath. Thorax one^third longei- than wide, feebl.v narrowing from apex to base, the dorsal rows with four or flvi', the rows on sides with five or six, rather fine punctures. I'jlytra about as long and wide as thorax, each with three rows of rather co.-irse punctures, the sutural row irregular. Abdomen very finely and sparsely punctate. Length 5.5-6 mm. Throrighout the State, frequent in the southern counties; much less so northward. January (i— June 27. Occurs beneath bark and logs. When disturbed they and other members of the genus roll themselves into a coil and feign death. In one slender-bodied ex- ample from Lake County, the head is concolorous with the re- mainder of the body. 766 (2274a). Xantiioi.tnus FrscuEits Lcc. Trans. Anier. Kut. Soi-.. A'lIL ISSO, 173. Smaller and distinctly more slender than ciiinicxiix: elytra more or less fuscous, both tliey and alidomen darker than thorax. Punctures of dorsal rows usually six. Length 4.5 mm. Putnam and Posey counties; scarce. Api'il 21-April 22. Oc- curs in the ^Middle, S(mthern and Weslern Slates. 767 ( ). XANTHOLrNCS INIIIAXENSIS Sll. uov. Elongate, rather robust. Head and last two segments of abdopieii black, shining; scutellum piceous; renniinder of body i)ale veddish-l)rown. Head one-half lougei- than wide, sides fecbl.N' eurviMl, ui>i)er siu'faee almosi smooth at middle, sides and nn(h'r surface minutely and sjiarsely punc- tate; antenu.'c eneath, the tip reddish-brown. Length ij.ri-T.."i mm. Lake and Kosciusko counties; rare. July 2:5-July 2-4. iJceurs beneath bark, especially that of pine. A member of the boreal fauna. 709 I 2270 I. XAXTHOLixrs OBSCUBt s Erichs.. Gen. Sijec. Staph.. 1S40. 3.30. Elongate, slender. Head, thorax and abdomen piceous. shining : legs and tip of abdomen dull yellow: antenufe and elytra fiis.-i>u<-browu. the fi.irmer one-half longer than head, the se<-ond and third joints equal. Head oblong, as wide and abijut as long a< thorax, alutac-ei us. coarsely and evenly punctate on sides and liase. Thorax oblong, feebl.v narrowed from apex fi liase; dorsal rows of ten to twelve punctures, the sides with about fourteen, irregularly placed. E:i^-tra a little wider and longer than thorax, each with about four irregular rows of rather coarse ]iuniture~. Abdomen finely and sparsely punctate. Length 0~t;..5 mm. Lake. Putnam. Vigo and Franklin counties : frequent in Lake, rare in the others, ilarch 2ti-0etober 17. < )ccurs beneath bark and rubbish in sandy localities. 7711 I 2279 I Xaxthooxi s hamati s .Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. IV. 1S34. 453 ; ibid. II. r,>\^. Elongate, slender. Head black, shining: alMlomeu brown i sh-pic-eous : thorax pic-eou-^ or reddisli-bri ^wn : anteniiie. el.vtra and le.'^ pale reddNh-yel- low. Head -shorter, more c-onvex and much more ^parsel.v and finely punc- tate than in i>hxcitri:x. Thorax one-third longer than wide, not narrowed liehind. ~ides parallel: drr^al rows of ten to twelve fine punctures, a short row of four ir five and the siile< with eight to ten, irregularly plac-ed. with others near the apical ai!-'le<. Elytra one-third longer and 'lightly wider than thorax, each with four or five ro\\ ^ of fine, sparse punctiu-es. Abdo- men finely, sparsely pnnctured. the hind margin'; of the segments paler. Length o.o-H mm. 398 FA3ULY XI. BTAPHYLINID.^. Southern half of State; scarce. April 2'2-June 2. Taken by sifting or by beating low herbs. 771 (2278). Xantholinus pusillus Saclise., Stett. Bnt. Zeit., 1852, 124. Elongate, very slender, ]iai-allel. Head black; abdomen and under sur- face plceous ; thorax, elytra and legs reddish-brown. Head but little longer than wide; coarsely and rather closely punctate on the sides above, more finely and sparsely beneath. Thorax one-half longer than wide, slightly narrower than head, sides almost straight; dorsal rows with about eight rather fine punctures, the ones on sides with five or six. Elytra slightly wider and one-fourth longer than thorax, each with two discal rows of rather fine punctures and numerous confused ones near the suture. Abdo- men finely and sparsely punctate. Liength 4-5.5 mm. Putnam County; rare. April 22. XXXVIII. Leptolinus Kraatz. 1S57, (Gr., "slender.") Very slender species having the third joint of maxillary palpi swollen and obconical. the last joint very small and awl-shaped. One of the two species occurs in the State. 772 (2282). Leptomnus rtjbkipennis Lee, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., VIII, 1880, 171. Elongate, slender. Head, thorax and abdomen brownish-black, sub- opaque; antennae, legs and elytra dull red, the latter dusky about the scu- tellum. Head nearly twice as long as wide, finely and densely strigose- punetate; antennse reaching middle of thorax, the outer .ioints nearly twice as wide as long. Thorax as long as and a little narrower than head, finely and densely punctate, witli a narrow, smooth median line. Elytra slightly wider and more sparsely nnd finely punctured than thorax. Abdomen very finely and densely punctate, wider at apex than base, the tip paler. Male with last ventral acutely notched and srodved lengthwise. Length 6- 6.5 mm. Lake, Posey and Dubois counties; rare. April 19-May 28. Sifted from woody debris. Easily known liy the dense sculpture of head and thorax. XXXIX. Leptacintis Erichs. 1837. (Gr., "slender.") Elongate slender sjiecies having the last joint of palpi awl- shaped; middle coxiv widely separated; front tarsi not dilated. Of the twelve species kno^n from North America, the following have been taken or perhaps nccnr in Indiana : KEY TO IND1.\NA SPECIES OP LKPTACINUS. a. Fourth joint of maxillary iialiii slender, scarcely shorter than third: (inter side miirgin oC thorax acute in front of middle, not united with tlie lower or inner line. 77;^. flavipes. THE SHOET-WIXGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 399 aa. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi very small ; outer margin of thorax not acute in front of middle. h. Thorax elongate-oval, the sides rounded into base and apex. 774. LOXGleOLLIS. bh. Thorax with distinct angles. c. Punctures of thorax confused, and confined to the sides; reddish- brown, elytra piceous with sides and tips yellowish. 775. BuncoLLis. CO. Punctures of thorax in dorsal rows ; color piceous or black, d. Punctures of dorsal rows ^-10 in number ; legs pale. NIGBITCLUS. dd. Punctures of dorsal rows 12-1-1 in number; l^s dark. SF.RTATT S 7T.J (22S4I. Leptacixvs flavipes L-ec., X. Sp. X. A. Col., I, 1S63, 41. Elongate, slender. Head and abdomen blackish-piceous, shining ; thorax and elytra dark reddish-brown ; antennas brown, paler at base ; l^s reddish- yellow. Head longer than wide, vrith rather dense elongate punctures on sides and base. Thorax oblong-oval, rather sparsely, evenly and finely punc- tate on the sides, smooth at middle, the dorsal rows with 12-16 punctures. Elytra as wide and long as thorax, sparsely and finely pimctate. Abdomen finely and rather densely punctate. Ijength 4-4.5 nun. Putnam County ; frequent loeaUy. ilareh 2(1- April 22. Sifted from vegetable debris. 774 (22S7). Tength 4.5 mm. Flo,^■d ('(Uinty; scarce. Octobei' 4-C>ctober 9. Taken beneath stones im the bank of the Ohio River. XLII. Stents Lat. ITItn. ((Jr., "narrow."") A very large geiuis of chisel.v related forms which for conven- ience are separated into the foUowuig >;roiips : 402 FAMILY XI. — STAPHYLINIDiE. KEY TO INDIANA GROUPS OF STENUS. 0. Abdomen sti'ongly and distinctly margined along the sides. 6. Fourth joint of tarsi simple. Group /. 66. Fourth joint of tarsi bilobed. Group //. aa. Abdomen not distinctly margined, faint traces of a marginal line being visible only on first segment. c. Fourth joint of tarsi simple or but slightly enlarged. Group ///. cc. Fourth joint of tarsi distinctly bilobed. Group IV. Gkoup I. This group, on account of its size, Casey also separated into the following divisions : KEY TO DIVISIONS OF GROUP I. a. Elytra each with an orange spot near the middle of tlic disk. Division A. ail. Elytra without i)ale spot. 6. Punctures in some portion of the elytra more or less joined or foales- cent, sometimes only in twos or threes, sometimes in long channels. c. The channels or rows of punctures in some one spot on the surface of each elytron arranged in a spiral or whorl which is complete or very nearly closed. Division B. ec. The channels or rows of united punctures often sinuous but never forming a completed vortex or whorl. (I. Thorax with a more or less distinct median channel or groove. Division G. M. Thorax without trace of median groove. Division D. 66. Punctures of el.vtra all isolated and distinct one from another. Division E. Division A. The species of this division ai'e among the largest in the genus. They are easily recognized by the orange colored spot on each ely- tron. Two species have been talten in Indiana, while another doubtless occurs. KEY TO SPECIES OF DIVISION A. a. Femora black; length 4.5-5 mm. 778. btpuni tatus. nit. Femora not black, ranging in color from dark piceous-bvown to dull yel- low. 6. Head wider than elytra, spot on latter bilobed ; length 3.6-4 mm. 779. COLON. 66. Head equal in width to elytra, spot rounded; ninth and tenth joints of antennae equal ; length 3.S 4.4 mm. semicolon. 778 (2303). Stenus bipunctatus Eriehs., Col. March., 1S37, 530. Rather robust. Black, feebly bronzed, shininp;, very finely and sparsely pubescent; elytra each with a small, palo, rounde.." mm. 7SM. STRAXGL'LATl S. hh. Form much more robust : elytra at most but little sh'jrter than thorax, usually longer. (1. Larger. .^.7-4.s mm.: head wide and robust, as broad as or broader than elytra: males (except in iicijlcrtiis) with the side margins of the luiiiressed area of fifth ventral segment in the form of ridges which terminate behind in acute teeth. r. Legs black : length :!.7^ mm. ixtrusts. rr. Legs piceous or paler. f. Head not twice as wide as long, deeply excavate between the eyes; legs jiale pieeous-brown : length 4-4. s mm. TS4. EKTTHROPl s. //. Head twice as wide as long, feebly excavate between the eyes: leu's picetnis; length .'^..^-4 mm. xkgt.ectls. ihl. Smaller, not over .S.r. mm.: males with maririus of inipresse.l area of fifth ventral without ridu'cs or teeth. (7. El.vtral sutnre etiual in length to ihorax. the latter wider lie'.ore the middle: form slender: len^'tb "J..", nun. si UTir.rs. 406 FAMILY XI. STAPIIYIJNTD^. gg. Elytral suture longer than thorax. //.. Species 3 mm. or more in length. 7. Longitudinal elevation between the eyes incUstinet or nearl,^• obsolete ; length :'> mm. j. Thorax with median impression very feeble, extending nearly the entire length. vioinds. jj. Thorax with median impression reduced to a simple ero- sion just behind the middle. ingbatus. ii. Longitudinal elevation distinct; head wider than elytra at base ; length 3.3 mm. 785. scabiostjs. lih. Species less than 3 mm. In length. li. Thorax widest distinctly before the middle. I. Legs black; length 2.6-3 mm. inoenatus. U. Legs fuscous ; length 2.5-2.7 mm. plaoidus. 7c7i-. Thorax widest at or behind the middle ; length 2.4r-2.6 mm. EBIENSIS. ail. Minute species, length less than 2 mm. TO. Transverse carinse of abdomen without cusps ; length 1.7-1.9 mm. NANUS. linn. Transverse carln» with three cusps; form much more slender; length 1.7 mm. PUMIIJO. 783 (2321). STENtrs steangulatds Casey, Rev. Sten., 1884, 39. Elongate, very slender. Black, shining, very sparsely and finely pubes- cent ; antenntE plceous, palpi paler ; legs uniform dull reddish-brown. Head nearly twice as wide as long; surface between the eyes deeply excavate, finely and rather sparsely punctate, with two grooves and a median con- vex ridge. Thorax widest before the middle, slightly longer than wide, coarsely and irregularly punctate, the median impression rather wide and shallow, extending two-thirds the length of disk. Elytra at base two-thirds the width of head; coarsely and irregularly punctate. Abdomen long, feebly tapering, coarsely and sparsely punctate. Length 3-3.5 mm. Lake County; ra,re. May 2. Known heretofore from New York and Detroit. 784 (2328). Stenus ekythkopus Melsh., Proc. -Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 40. Rather robust. Black, shining, sparsely clothed with short, fine gray- ish pubescence; antennae piceous, palpi and legs plceous-brown. Head be- tween the eyes distinctly excavate, coarsely, closely and evenly punctate, the median ridge low and subobsolete. Antennae longer than width of head, the third joint one-third longer than fourth. Thorax very robust, widest at middle, coarsely, closely and unevenly punctate and with a rather narrow shallow impression extending from middle two-thirds to base. Elytra slightly longer than thorax, coarsely, deeply and unevenly punctate. Ab- domen at base narrower than elytra, thence feebly tapering to apex, coarse- ly anil rather closely punctate at base, more finely toward apex. Length 4-5 mm. THE SHOBT-WIXGED ?( ATEXGER BEETLES. 407 Vigo, Orange and Posey counties; scarce. April 13-May 24. In one specimen there is a faint small pale .spot on the middle of each eh^tron. 7S5 (2342). STE>-rs scabiosus Casey. Rev. Sten., 1SS4. 60. Elongate, slender. Black, shining, sparsely clothed with very fine gray [lubescenc-e. yellowish on the abdomen : legs fuscous above, reddish-brown beneath. Head twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes excavate, finely and closely punctate. Antennae reaching middle of thorax, third joint one-half longer than fourth. Thorax T\idest just behind the middle, finely and densely punctate and with a fusiform impression on median third. Elytra slightly longer than thorax, finely, closely and irregularly punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower at base than elytra, feebly tapering to apex, finely, evenly and rather sparsely pxmctate. Length 3-3.3 mm. Koscinskci County ; rare. -Tune 24. Two specimens taken while sweeping low herhs in swampy places. The other species of Division C. briefly characterized in the above key. were with the exception of nanus Steph. and pumilw Eriehs.. all described by Ca.sey in his Revision, and it is probable that a number of them will prove to be synonymous. His types of these species were from points mostly in ^Michigan, which would render their occurrence in Indiana, especially the northern por- tion, very probable, though as yet specimens have not been taken. Division D. In this group the elytra are sculptured as in Division C, but the thorax is without an impression along the median line. The beetle. says Ca.sey, "should be held in such a manner that the light will pass obliquely across the highest point of the thorax and perpen- dicular to its longer axis. If there is no sign of even a narrow longitudinal shade, the species belongs to this division. If there be even a faint shadow extending along the middle of the disk, the insect may be considered as belonging to Division C." KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF DIVISIOH D. (/. Transverse carinte of abdomen with cusps. 6. Transverse carinse with four cusps. c. Elytral suture longer than thorax; longitudinal elevation between the eyes almost obsolete; length 3-3.4 mm. TS6. coiowus. cc. Elyti-al suture equal in length to thorax ; longitudinal elevation be- tween the eyes evident, broad : thorax more coarsely and roughly punctate; length 3.5 mm. 7S7. svspectus. 66. Transverse carinse with three cusps. d. Elytral suture slightly shorter than thorax ; head wider than ely- tra ; antennal joints three, four and five uniformly decreasing in length ; femora pale beneath ; length 2.5-2.9 mm. 788. htcmelis. 408 FAMILY XI. — STAI'HYLINID.T:. dd. Elyti-al suture much longer th;m tliorsix ; head not wider than ely- tra ; legs plceous ; length 2.(; mm. animatus. aa. Transverse cariuie without cusps; thorax with a narrow elevated longi- tudinal carlnii on its basal half; length 2.3-2.S mm. cakinicolus. 7SG (2370). Stenus colonus Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 699. Rather slender. Black, shining, sparsely clothed with fine gi'ay pubes- cence; legs black; antennro and tarsi brownish. Head less than twice as \\ide as long, surface between the eyes flat, finely and densely punctate. -Vnleinife short, not longer than width of head; third .loint less than one- hall' longer than fourth. Thorax subcylindrical, widest slightly behind the middle, finely and densely punctate. Elytra one-sixth longer than thorax, about as wide at base as head, coarsely, densely and irregularly imnctate. Abdomen slightly narrower at base than elytra, thence distinctl.v taiierhig to apex, finely and rather closely punctate. Length 3-:'>.4 mm. Lawrence County; rare. May 23. TS7 ( ). Stentjs SDSPEcrus sp. nov. Rather robust. Black, feebly shining, sparsely clothed with tine gray hairs; femora black; antennoe, tibia; and tarsi piceous. Head one-half wider than long, coarsely and closely punctate. Antennas reaching middle of thorax, third and fourth .I'oints subequal. Thorax narrower than head, widest at middle, slightly longer than wide, coarsely, densely and roughly punctate. Elytra at base one-fourth wider than thorax, punctate as there, the punctures on sides in evident, irregular channels. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, feebly tapering to apex, rather finely and closely punctate, the transverse carinse with four fine cusps. Length 3.5 mm. Lake and Vigo counties; rare. May 28-October 1. Taken be- neath bark of elm. 788 (2.377). Stenus hi'milis Erichs., Col. March., 1837, 554. Short, rather robust. Black, strongly shining ; legs reddish-piceous, the under side of femora and basal .ioint'of palpi much |)aler. Head twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes feebly excavate, coarsely, closely and evenly punctate, the longitudinal elevation rather strongly convex. Antennae dark piceous-brown, slightly longer than width of head. Thorax robust, widest ,iust behind the middle, rather finely, densely and roughly punctate. El.vtrn at base scarcely wider than thorax at middle, rather coarsely, densely and viu-y roughly punctate. Abdomen as wide as elytra at base, sides nearly parallel, surface rather coarsely and closely punctate, more finely toward apex. Length 2.5-3 mm. Koseiu.sko C(mnty ; .scarce. June 24. Ciiscy'.s wammvps is said to be a s^qionym. (S', aiiiiiiiifvs Casey and carinicoUis Casey were lioth described from Michigan and probably inhabit northern Indiana. THE SlIORT-WIXUEB ^'AVEXGER BEETLES. -1:09 Dirixidii K. In this division the imnctures of elytra are all separate and distinct ime fmin another. The species are rather small and. except the first two. hitrhly polished. KEY TO SPKCIES OF DIVTSIOX E. (7. Pubeseeiu^ very coarse and distinct, lirownisli-yellow on the abdomen ; pnnetures crowded, the intersjinees not iiolislied. h. Longitudinal .src Hives between the e.ves distinct: form slender. 7Sf(. STYGICVS. hh. Longitudinal grooves absent, the surface between the eyes flat; form more robust, 7!>0. egf-ni s. an. Pubesrence very tine and indistinct, very seldom yellow : inmctures rather sparse, their intersi^aces ixilished. r. Trr.iisverse eariufe of abdomen with four cusiis. (1. Thorax with an impression along some part of the median line. c. Thorax elongate, slender; punctures separated by at least their own diameters; length 3^ mm. vixxun s. ir. Thorax shorter, robust: punctures very close, never separated by mure than one-third their own width ; third joint of au- teiuiiie much longer than fourth : length :',.2-:!.4 mm. C AXALICTTLATl S. h. El.vtra nearly quadrate, ver.v densely punctured. paupebcuu s. 00- Larger. iKit less than 2.s mm.: antennal joints three to six decreas- ing in length. ~Q?,. morio. 7sli (2:is:!i. Stexi s srs-oicrs sny. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. lY. is:14. 4."is; ibid. 11. 574. Rather slender. IJlack. feebly shining : rather thickly clothed with long, coarse, prostrate grayish-.vellow hairs; legs and antenn.-e iiiieous. tiu-si slightly paler. Head rather small, not twice as wide as long; surface l>e- tiveen the e.ves nearl.v flat, densely and ciarsely punctate. Antennse slightly longer than width of head, the third joint a little longer than fourth. Thorax subcylindrical. widest in front of middle, one-fourth longer than wide; coarsely, chisely and evenly punctured. Elytra at base slightl.v wider than heart, suture one-fifth longer than thorax. punctui*ed like the latter. Abdomen at base narrower than elytra, very feebly tapering to ajiex. finely and sparsely punctate, the transverse carinse with four cusps. Length 3- 3.7 mm. 410 FAMILY XI. — STAPH YUNID^. Laporte, Floyd and Clark counties; scarce. May 6-October 9. The coarse, prostrate hairs often cause the elytra to appear sculp- tured as in Division C. 790 (2384). Stenus egknus Brichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., IS40, G9.s. Rattier robust. Black, sUining, thickly clothed with short, prostrate yellowisli hairs, which give the abdomen a br-assy tinge ; legs piceous. Head twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes flat, densely and deepl.v punctate. Antennae as long as width of head, third joint one-third longer than fourth. Thorax short, robust, widest just before the middle, finely, evenly and very densely punctured. Elytra at base slightly wider than head, suture one-fifth longer than thorax ; deeply, rather coarsely and densely punctate. Abdomen as wide at base as elytra, thence gradually tapering to apex, finely punctate, the carinas with four cusps. Length 2.8- 3 mm. Throughout the State ; common. February 23-November 8. Hibernates beneath mullein leaves and rubbish. Easily distin- guished by the short, robust form, dense, even punctuation, flat vertex and yellow pubescence of abdomen. 8. vinnulus Casey, and H. canaMculatus G-yll, are known from Massachusetts and Michigan; 8. minor and 8. pauperculus were both described by Casey from Michigan. 791 (2396). Stenus abgus Grav., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 231. Short, rather robust. Black, shining ; sparsely clothed with short gray pubescence ; legs piceous. Head twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes flat, evenly and densely punctate and with a distinct longitudinal carina. Antennae slightly longer than width of head, third joint one-third longer than fourth. Thorax widest a little before the middle, very slightl.N- longer than wide, closely, rather coarsely and somewhat unevenly punctate. Elytra at base slightly wider than head, sutural line one-fourth longer than thorax ; coarsely, deeply and evenly punctate, the interspaces equal in width to punctures. Abdomen finely and rather sparsely punctate. Length 2.5- 2.8 mm. Lake and Starke counties; scarce. ]May 19-June 17. Casey's ageus and rigidus are said to be synonymous. 792 (2401). Stenus juvencus Casey, Rev. Sten., 1S84, 12;-!. Rather slender. Black, strongly shining, clothed with long, gray, pros- trate hairs; legs piceous, paler beneath. Head twice as wide as long, ver- tex flat, finely and rather sparsely punctate and with a distinct longitudinal elevation. Anteunaa piceous-bi-owu, third joint nearly one-half longer than fourth. Thorax widest at middle, slightly longer than wide, rather coarsely and deeply punctate. Elytra at base slightly narrower than head, sutural line one^fourth longer than thorax ; finely, rather sparsely and evenly punc- tate. Abdomen at base as wide as elytra ; feebly tapering to apex, coarseb' and sparsely punctate. Length 2-2.2 mm. THE SHOET-WINGED SCATEXGER BEETLES. 411 Clarion County ; rare. April 4. Taken by sifting. The small size, highly polished surface and long prostrate hairs of abdomen readily distinguish this form from its allies. Described from Detroit. Tt»:! ( ). Stexus mobio Grav., Mou. Col. Mier., 180C, 'SM. Elongate, slender. Black, strongly shining, very sparsely clothed with tine gi'ay pubescence. Head twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes feebly concave, coarsely and closely punctate. Antennas piceous, reaching nearly to middle of thorax, third joint slightly longer than fourth. Thorax wide-st just in front of middle, thence distinctly converging and feebly sinuate to base; disk rather coarsely, evenly and deeply punctate. Elytra at base slightly narrower than head, suture one-flfth longer than thorax ; disk coarsely, evenly and deeply punctate, the punctures separated by more than their own diameters. Abdomen finely and sparsely punctate, the first four segments as wide as elytra with distinct border, then distinctly taper- ing to apex, the border very narrow. Length 2.8-3 mm. ^Marion County; SL-arce. ^lay 22-June 12. Taken by sweeping. Ranges from ^Michigan to California. Geoup II. In this group the abdomen is margined and the fourth joint of tarsi bilobed. Of the four species recognized by Casey, but one has a known distribution which would bring it within the limits of Indiana. This is *S'. croceatus Casey. 3.7-4.5 mm. in length, and ha^ing the legs pale brownish-yellow, darker at the knees. Its range is given as New England to Nebraska, but no specimen has as yet been taken in Indiana. Geoup III. This group comprises species having the abdomen cylindrical, without a margin along the sides and with the fourth joint of hind tarsi simple. Three species may occur in the State, though but one has as yet been taken. KEY TO SPECIES OF GBODP HI. a. Elytral punctures isolated and distinct. 6. Robust, very convex, nearly cylindrical ; densely pubescent, very coarsely punctate; length 2.5-2.7 nun. geatiosis. hh. Mui-h more slender, depressed; very sparsely pubescent, finely punc- tate ; elytral suture one-third longer than thorax ; length 2 mm. CUETIS. aa. Elytral punctures more or less confluent, the surface very rough; first joint of hind tarsi more than twice the length of second; lei^h 3.5 mm. 794- alaceb. 412 fa:\iily xt. — siAi'iiyi^rNioj':. T!)4 (2415). hSTENiK M.AVKH Onsey, Key. Steii., ],S84, 1.35. Elongate, slender. Black, shining, yei-y finely and sparsely iiuljesceiit ; legs dull yello\y, yery long and slender, tlie femora picenns at tips; palpi pale yellow. Head two-thirds wider than long, siirfaoe between the eyes deeply excayate, sjiaisely and une\'eidy pinictured and with a distinct me- dian carina. Antenn.-e brownish, one-lialt l(jnger than width of head, llie tliird joint one-third longer than fourth. Thorax subcylindrical, widesi slightly behind the middle, one-sixth longer than wide, coarsely, densely and roughly punctate. Elytra at base as wide as head, suture slightly longer than thorax; very roughly, densely and coarsely punctate. Abdomen much narrower than elytra, tapering from base to apex; coarsely and closely punctate near base, finely and sparsely toward apex. Length .'3.2- 3.7 mm. Posey Coiuity ; rare. April 22. Taken from beneath mullein leaves on a sandy hillside. A member of the Austroriparian fauna, known from Florida, Texas and southern Illinois. Group IV. The members of this group differ from those of the preceding only in having the fourth joint or tarsi distinctly bilobed beneath. The abdomen is subcylindrical, usually tapering from the base and without distinct side margins. The follo^viug species have been taken or may occur in the State; KEY TO SPECIES OF GROUP IV. (/. Fourth and fifth abdominal segments wider than the first; length 4- 4.4 mm. advkxa. ail. Abdominal segments decreasing regularly in \yidth from tlie base, the fourth not \vider than first. b. Large species, 3.6 mm. or more in length, c. Femora and tibiije not black throughout. (/. Legs and antenn;e almost wliolly pale dull yellow-, the tips of hind femora alone darker; head slightly broader than elytra. (Id. Legs black, the femora reddish-yellow at base. a: Femora and tibiie wholly black, the tarsi pale, e. Thorax equally Wide at base and apex. cc. Thorax distinctly wider at apex than base. hb. Smaller species, not exceeding 3.4 mm. in length. /. Legs pale yellow, the femora darker at tip; length 3-3.2 mm. T'JS. CAI.LOSUS. ff. Legs dark fuscous brown in color throughout. g. Thorax distinctly longer than ^vide. h. Elytra very slightly longer than thorax, their punctures very coarse; length 2.8-3.4 mm. 799. abcuias. hh. Elytra one-third longer than thorax, their punctures fine and close ; length .3-3. .1 mm. 800. punctatus. gg. Thorax as wide as long; length 2.8-3 mm. hubbakdi. V'l. FLAVICORNIS. I'.m. annularis. tarsalis. r97. canadensis. THE PHOET-WINGED ^''AVEXGER BEETLES. 413 if*"' (2443). Stexus flavicoexis Ericlis.. Gen. Spec. Staph., 1^40. Too. Eli^ngate. rather sleuder. Black, shining. spMrse- I.v clothed with fine gray hairs. Head nearly twice as wide as long, surface between the eyes feebly c-oucave. finely, elusely and deeply punctate, with a LTiiove each side of a slightly ctmvex ridge. .Vn- tennse k.ng and slender, third joint two-thirds longer than fourth. Thorax widest in front of middle, slightly longer than wide, closely, rather e<'arsely and deeply punctate. Elytra distinctly longer than the width at base, punctures round, rather '. g( niciila-tus. which name was preoccupied. *7fM:; (2444). .Stenus AXXfiAEis Erichs.. Gen. Sp. Staph.. 1S40. 735. Elongate, robust, subcylindrical. Black, strongly shining, sparsely clothed with grayish pubescence. Head small, much less than twic-e as wide as long, surfac-e between the eyes nearly flat, coarsely and Irr^nlarly punc- tate, convex at midcjle. Antamae longer than the width of head, piceous- brown. the club darker, third joint two-thirds longer than fourth. Thorax about as wide a* long, widest just in front of middle, coarsely and irregu- larly punctate, with several small smo<:pth spaces at middle. Elytra at base slightly wider than head, a little longer than thorax, punctured as in flavicornis. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, thenc-e feebly tapering to apex, finely, closely and evenly punctate. licngth .>-5..5 mm. Lake. Kosciusko. ]\Iarion and Vigo coimties; scarce. January 7-J"une 25. Hibernates beneath kigs and rubbish. 797 (2451). SrExrs caxadexsis Casey. Rev. Sten.. lsS4. 17.o. Elongate, rather robust. Black, shining, sfiarsely and finely pubesc-ent. Head twic-e as wide as long; surface between the eyes feebly convex, finely, evenly and densely punctate. Antennae as long as width of head, reddish- brown, the clnb darker; third joint one-half longer than fourth. Thorax widest distinctly liehind the middle, slightly longer than wide: rather wiarsely. den.sely and somewhat unevenly punctate. Elytra at base equal in width r>'' head, one-third longer than thorax: punctures round, deep, evenly distributed, separated by about their own width. Abdnmen a< wide at base as elytra, thence gradually and feebly tapering, rather coars'-ly. densely and evenly punctate. Eength 4.7-5 mm. Starke and Kos.-iitskn eountii-v: scarce. :May 19—June 25. Taken bv beating low herbs on borders of marsh(-s. Known from Ontario and northern Illinois. 414 T-AJITLT XI. STAPHYLINin.T?. 798 (2460). Steni-s callosds Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 737. Rather slender, subcylindrical. Black, shining, sparsely pubescent; palpi and legs dull yellow, the femora dusky at tips. Head slightly wider than thorax, surface between the eyes flat, rather coarsely, closely and irregularly punctate, the middle portion slightly convex and almost smooth. Antennae one-half longer than width of head, reddish-yellow, the club darker; third joint one-half longer than fourth. Thorax subcylindrical. slightly longer than wide, densely and rather finely punctate, with a small, fusiform smooth space at middle. Elytra at base a little wider than head, the suture one-fifth longer than thorax, finely, evenly and densely punctate. Abdomen distinctly narrower than elytra at base, gradually tapering to apex, finely and rather sparsely punctate. Length 3-3.2 mm. Kosciusko County ; rare. June 24. The thorax is nearly of the same width throughout. Probably occurs throughout the State. 799 (2462). Stenus aecultjs Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 744. Subcylindrical, rather slender. Black, shining, sparsely clothed with grayish hairs. Head a little wider than thorax, surface between the eyes almost flat, rather coarsely, densely and evenly punctate. Antennfe scarcely longer than width of head, dull brovniish-yellow, the club darker, third .ioint one-half longer than fourth. Thorax widest .iust behind the middle, rather coarsely, densely and unevenly punctate, the interspaces finely ru- gose. Elytra at base as wide as head, suture very little longer than thorax, surface densely, coarsely and deeply punctate. Abdomen distinctly nar- rower than elytra, rather coarsely and closely punctate. Length 2.8-3.4 mm. Lake and Marion counties; scarce. May 24-May 30. 800 (2463). Stenus punctatus Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 744. Subcylindrical, rather robust. Black, shining, rather thickly clothed with grayish hairs. Head slightly wider than thorax, surface between the eyes feebly convex, without grooves, finely and densely punctate. Antennae as long as width of head, joints two to six reddish-brown, the others darker, the third one-third longer than fourth. Thorax about as wide as long, widest at middle, finely and densely punctate. Elytra at base as wide as head, suture one-third longer than thorax, surface convex, deeply, densely and rather coarsely punctate. Abdomen much narrower at base than ely- tra, very gradually tapering to apex, deeply, coarsely and evenly punctate, Length 3-3.3 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. May 12-October 17. Subfamily IV. PAEDERINAE. Medium sized or small Staphylinids having the antenna; widely separated at base and inserted at the sides of the front, above the base of the mandibles, under a more or less prominent ridge; maxillary palpi with the last .joint usually very small and awl- shaped ; head narrowed suddenly behind into a distinct neck ; front coxs? cojiical and prominent ; hind coxa^ also conical and contiguous, THE SHOKT-WIXOEB SiAVENGEI! BEETLT;>. 415 Tlu' following papeiN treat of the North American species of the subfamily • LiConte. — "Synoptic Tables of Lrithrobium. Stilicus and Suiiiiis/' in Trars. Amer. Ent. Soc, VIII. ISm), 17-^lSO. LeCoute. — ''Synoptic Tables of Criiptubi'nii. I'lcderus and Pala- minus." in Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XVII. 1S78. 390-397. Hon). — '"A Stiidy of the Species of Crj-ptohium of Xorth Amer- ica." in Trans. Amer. Entom. Sue. XII. 1SS4. ^5-106. Casey. — "A Revision of the American P;pderini.'" in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. L.. XV. 190.5. 17-24^. As above defined, the subfamily is represented in Indiana by two tribes : KEY TO I>>'DI.\:^A TRIBES OF P.EDERI>v.i;. '/. Last joint of maxillary palpi very small, awl-shaped. Tribe I. P^deei>;i. p. 41.5. aa. Last joint of maxillary palpi as larue as the third, obliquely hatchet- shaped. Tribe II. Pixophlej^vi. p. 440. Tribe I. P.TCDERIXI. This tribe as above limited is compi'sed of a large number of genera, the following of which are kno-mi to occtir in Indiana : KEY TO IXDIAX-i GEXEE.\ OF PJEPKRIXt. a. Fourth joint of hind tarsi not lobed beneath. 6. Antennte elbowed at the end of the long luisal joint: front tarsi not dilated. V. Mandibles each with three teeth nu the inner side; males with last ventral not notched, the scconil and third ventrals each with a fold or pit at middle. XLIII. C'RYPTOBHir. cc. Mandibles each with twu teeth : males with the last ventral notched, the second and third without folds or pits. XLIV. Hespebobium. hh. Antemiie straight or nearly so. the basal jciuts not greatly elongated. d. Prostemum shortened between and under the front eox;i?. ending in an acute point which does not reach the mesosternum. c. Labrum bilobed : sculpture never very dense, the surface more or less shining ; front tarsi strongly dilated in both sexes : ligula bilobed at tip. XLV. I^iTHBOBiijr. ec. Labrum with a distinct median tooth: sculpture very dense, the surface suliopaque; front tarsi variable; ligula with a dense fringe of hairs at tip. f. Front tarsi moderatel.v dilated, densely iiadded lieiieaTh: first joint of hind tai-^i one-hall' louirer than second: leiiLftli t;..') mm. XLYI. Adeboch.^bis. ff. Front tarsi not dilated; first joint of hind tarsi only slightly longer than sei-imd : length .S.7 mm. Ltthochaeis. [27— -^3402] 416 FAMILY XI. STArTIYLIXID^E. (Id. Prosternum pi-cilonsed behind so as to reiicli the inesiistoi-uum. ff. Sides of prostei-num not dilated iindei- the rox-.i'. h. Neck never very slender; ligula loosely fringed at tip. /. Labrum \'\ith teeth. ;. Teeth of labrum two in number. />-. Antenn;x^ with the two basal .ioints thick, the others slender, filiform; basal joints of hind tarsi distinctly longer than second; length less than 3.5 mm. I. Gular sutures moderately separated, gradually con- verging and most narrowly separated at base ; frout tarsi more or less dilated; surface distinctly punc- tured. XLVII. SciOt'IIABIS. II. Gular sutures very widely seiiaratcd and nearest to- gether in front, thence widely diverging to base of head; front tarsi not at all dilated; surface not dis- tinctly punctured. Xr..VIII. Sciociiaeella. 7,-7,-. Antemife with the basal joints of equal thickness with the otiiers, the apical ones I'eelily enlarged: teeth of labrum very small ; prosternum not r.-irinate. III. Basal joints of hind tarsi ciiual in length to second. the first four joints short and snbequal ; gul;ir su- tures most narrowly separated a little before the middle. XLIX. Tuaciiykkcii s. ■iniii. Basal joints of hind tarsi distinctly longer than sec- ond, llic tarsi more elongate; front tarsi strongly dilaled, cs|ic(ially in the maU' ; gular sutures musl narrowl.^• separated at base; neck wide, almost half as wide as head. Ij. ^AKAME1)0^^ jj. I>alirum with four teeth, the inner ones long, acute, and prominent, the outer ones \er.\' small ; gular sutures widely separated at base. Tlatymedon. //. Labrum without leetli: body very slender, finely and very densely imnctate; gular sutures as in Platiimc6oii : first joint of hind tarsi longer than second. lA. PSErnOMEDON. hli. Neck in our species very slender; ligula tricuspid at tip; laliruni with fcnr teeth. LIT. Scop.eus. tjg. Sides of lu-ostenunn broadly dilated under the cox;e, reacUins the infiexcd sides of thorax ; neck very slender. II. .Antenuoe distinctly longer than head; length .'!.."! or more mm.; hind tarsi with joints 1 to 1 gradually di^creasing in length. 0. Form rather slender; labrum broadly rounded or subtrun- cate at apex, the teeth usually acnt(>; front tarsi finely and densely pubescent beneath. TAIL Stieici's. 00. Form very stout; labrum sinuate-emarginate at apex, the (wo teeth short, obtuse; front tarsi not at all dilated, Imv- ing long coarse hiiivs jx'iieath; head m-bicular, the surface njinutely punctate or alntaceous. LIV. Megastilicus. THK SPrORT-WIXGED Si ATENGER BEETLES. 417 nn. Anteunfe shorter than head; length less than 2 mm.; basal joint of hind tarsi equal in length to the next tno together ; third joint of maxillar.v palpi more or less hatchet-shaped, the fourth very minute ; fifth ventral not elongated, wider than long. LV. LEPTOGE:virs. aa. Fourth joint of hind tarsi bilobed. p. Last joint of maxillary palpi obtuse and pubescent; reddish-yellow, elytra dark blue, head and tip of abdomen black. LVI. PiDEBUs. l>p. Last joint of maxillary palpi slender, very minute. q. Thorax oval, usually longer than wide; elytra usually longer than thorax ; form linear ; neck moderately nan-ow ; length not over 5 mm. LA'II. St:virs. qq. Thorax almost circular, distinctly longer than elytra ; neck very slender : color uniform pale yellow ; length less than 3 mm. LVIII. Stelicopsis. XLIII. Crtptobiuji :Mann. 1.n30. (Gr., "hidden -f life.") Bather large, elongate, parallel species having the gular sutures separated; elytra with a fold or raised line near the side margin, ex- tending from the humeri to the outer spical angle ; neck distinctly and abruptly constricted above; basal .joint of antennae greatly elongated; front tarsi not dilated. The males always have a fold at the middle of the second, and a pit or fovea on the third ventral segment, and the last ventral is unmodified. In some of the species the males are of two forms ; one , j , having, in addition to the fold tSTN V^T?=i KX?^ and fovea, the third segment prolonged backward in a lobe which varies much in length. (Fig. 162. 1 Casey has created a new name. " Gaslrolohium," for the species possessing the char- fig. \m. C. haHum: l, complete male; «, imperfect 1 , . T 1 j_ T male; 5, female. (Alter Horn.) acters above mentioned, but i have retained the older and better known name. The following species have been taken or probably occur in the State : KEY TO ISDLVXA SPECIES OF CEYPTOEIUM. u. SfMOiid ventral of female with a pit or short transverse fovea near its middle. (Fig. Hii*. Xo. 3.1 h. Aljdomen uniform dark brown or pieeiioRT-w]X(n:n sc avexctr beetles. 411) separated from those of hicohir hy the lack of fovea on .seemid ven- tral. The males have the thorax and elytra darker reddish-brown, and the latter much more cciarscly punctate. C. pimen'anuni Lee. S. 5-10. 5 mm. in length, is recorded by Casey from Indiana. I have not seen a speiimeu from the State. Its usual range is Texas to California. XLIV. IlEspEROBirM C'asi'y. 11){)5. ij '•'•• "^^I'^li-rn ■- lif(\"" ^ This genus was created by Casey to include those species hitherto a.scribed to ('riipfaliutin which have the first and si cond ventrals of male without a trace of pit or fovea and the last ventral distinctly notched at apex. I include with them srrpnitinum LeConte, as the characters separating it are not sufficient to erect a new genus. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF HESPEROBIUM. a. Elytra black or plceous ; hind angles of head distinct. 6. Head distinctly broader than thorax, its sides curved behind the eyes; form robust 80i. pallipes. 66. Head scarcely wider than thorax, its sides straight for some distance behind the eyes ; form more slender. SOo. cixcttm. aa. Elytra wholly or in great part reddish-yellow; head obliquely nar- rowed from the e.ves to the neck, its hind angles wholly wanting. c. Head wholly smootli or with very few punctures. d. Piceous ; elytra pale reddish-brown, coarsely and deeply punctate. S06. CREBATTM. dd. Reddish-yellow : front of head, thorax, two basal and two apical segments of abdomen black. * seepextinum. ec. Head distinctly punctured on basal half ; color black; elytra reddish- yellow with a sntural black stripe, broader at apex and reaching to apical third. SOT. sefxatum. *S04 (2502). Hespebobitm paixipes Grav.. Jlon. Ck)l. Jlicr., ISCiG. 170. Piceous or nearly black, shining; antennfe dusky; legs dull yellnw. Head oval, slightly longer than wide, cijarselr and rather sparsely punc- tured. Thorax slightly narro\\-er than head, one-flfth longer than wide, sides feebly cuned ; disk with a well defined smooth median area, its sides coarsely, regularly and rather sparsely punctate. Elytra one-third wider and a little longer than thcprax. rather finely, closely and roughly punctate. Abdomen as wide as elytra, finely and very ileiisely punctate; last ventral of male with .i triangular notch, much deeper than wide. Length s-11 mm. Throughout the State -. frequent. Februarv' s-rictober 17. Oc- curs especially beneath cover on sandy banks of streams, ponds, etc. StXi (2."io2a(. He^pekohilm cixctum Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Sue.. IV. is.';4 4.j4; iliid. II, 5159. EloHLMte. slender. P.lack <.r iileenus. feebly shining; antennie dusky, paler at tii>: palpi and legs reddish-yellow. Head oblong-oval, much nar- 420 FAMILY xr.- rower tlinii i'l.vtr:i. rather coarsely and closely punctate. Thorax slightly longer than wirle, sides feelily ciirveil ; disk siinrsely and rather finely inmc- tate. Elytra one-lhird longer and one-halt wider than thorax, cnarsely and closely punctate. .Vlideuien as wide as elytra, rather finely and densely punctate, the hind margins of the segments paler. I^ast ventral of male with a triangular notch, about as wide as deep. Length 8-9.5 mm. Porter, jMarion and Putnam counties; scarce. March 6-Decem- ber 25. Listed as paUiprs var. tatibyicola, biTt in my opinion dis- tinct. Say's name has ])riority. mm; (2507). IIiosPEEOBiUM CEIBATUM Lec, N. Sp. N. Am. Col., I, 180.">, 4(1. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining ; antenna?, mouth parts and elytra reddisji-yellow ; suture darker on basal third; legs dull yellow. Head elongate-oval, slightly wider than thorax, with a few coarse iDunctures be- hind the ey<'S. Thorax subcylindrical, one-fourth lonj^'er than wide, sides nearly straight; disk smooth at middle with a row of seven to nine coarse punctures each side the smooth area and a few others between these and margin. Elytra one-third wider and slightly longer than Ihnrax, with about nine irregular rows of ecjarse, sparse punctures. Abdomen rather finely and closely punctate. Male with the last ventral with a deep, triangular notch. Length 8.5-10 mm. Vigo and Posey counties ; rare. May fj-June 11. Easily Imown l)y the long, sparsely punctured head and red elytra. ROT (2508). Hl•:sPER0BIU^t sullatim Lec, N. Sp. N. Am. CcjI., I, ISir., 4(;. lialher stout, subfusiform. Black, shining; color of elytra given in key; antennae and mouth parts reddish-iirciwn; legs dull yellow. Head elongate- oval, coarsely and rather closely punctate behind the eyes, the front almost smooth. Thorax sub- (•.ylindrical, slightly narrower than head, one-third longer than wide, coarsely and rather sparsely punc- tured each side of a median smtjoth sp.-iee. Elytra one-third longer and distinctly wider than thorax, surface, as well as that of abdomen, finely and \ ratlier densely punctate. L<'ngtti 8- '.) nun. (Fig. 1(«.) Lake County; frequent lieneath cover, es- pecially the clumps of prickly-pear cactus, in the sand Aww, I'egion ; Posey County; rare. ■March 2(i-S('pteiii)i(T 2.1. A handsome spe- cies, readily known by the wedge-shaped black sutural stripe of elytra. C. scrficiiliiiiiHi Lec, 9.5-1(1 mm. in length, is a rare species known from Pennsylvania. Norlh Carolina, Alabama and Kansas, and theretore should occur in southei-n Lidiana. Fig. 163. (Original.) THE SHOET-WIXfJED SCAVEXaEE BEETLi:-. 421 XLV Lathrobium Grav. 180(i. (Gr.. " hidden + life.") iledium or small sized Staphylinids having the prosternum shortened and acute between the front eoxre ; front tarsi strongly di- lated and densely clothed beneath with large whitish pads composed of flattened hairs: fouith joint of maxillary palpi conical and pointed or needle-shaped. Casey, in his "Revision," has divided the old genns Lnihrohiuin as recognized by LeConte. Horn and other authorities, into 19 genera, ten or eleven of which are probably repn-siiited in Indiana. His distinguishing characters are, in many instances, of minor im- portance and I prefer to rank his genera as groups or subgenera, thus placing all species under the well-lmo'wn name of Latlirohiutn. The follo'fting is a modification cf the key or table of genera as pro- posed by Casey: K£Y TO ]XDIAX.\ GEOII'S OR SVBGEXEKA OF LMUKODIVM. a. Elj-tra without a fold or i-aiseconieal, the basal joint robust. Thorax oblong, one- fifth longer than wide, sparsely and coarsely punctured, with a broad me- dian smooth space. El.^■tra but slightly more than half the length of thorax, rather coarsely and sparsely punctate. Abdomen as wide as elylra. Length 7.8-9 mm. Putnam County'; rare. i\rai'ch 25. Known heretofore from Illinois, Iowa and Missouri. Group B. (Latheobium.) Rather stout, usually lar^e or mediiuii-sized sjjecies, having' the thoi'ax uniformly i)unctured. with distinct smootli dorsal line; elytra without a fold oi' raised line on side; basal joint of hind tarsi dis- tinctly shorter than second. The following species have been taken or probably occur in 1lie State: KEY TO INDIANA SCKenos OF ollorp 11. (/.. Bicoloi'ed; black, antennas legs and elytra wliolly reddisli-brown ; length less than 5 mm. ; fifth ventral of male with a round discal impression, sixth deeply notched at tip. bicolob. THE siionx-wixfiED s( A\F\iiKR iii;]:ti.i;s. 423 uu. (_'olor nearly uniform, the elytra ucil distinctly paler except toward tlie tip ; larger, 7 or more mm. f). AntenniB very stout, more slender toward ar>ex. the middle joints rounded, never longer than wide. c. Elytra bicolored, black basally and reddish on apical third, as long as thorax; length 10 mm. S09. pkocebcm. cc. El^-tra wholly blacli; or piceous. fl. IClx-tra much longer and wider than thorax, a fourth longer than wide; legs and antennje dark n>iI(li.sh-brown ; length 7 mm. SPISSICOBXF.. lid. i:iytra i'i|ual in length to thorax; legs wholly xiale reddisli- browu; length S-iO mm.; sixth ventral of male with a length- wise groove near base, not notched at tip. ¥10. akmatlm. hh. Antennffi only moderately stout, the joints at least one-half Iciiger than wide, obeonie : sixth ventral of male more or less notched at tip. ( . Elytra not longer, and often distinctly shorter than thorax. /. Antennse not longer than head and thorax, the joints less than twice as long as wide; gular sutures straight, nearest together at base of head. //. I'unctures of elytra rather fine, sparse and inconspicuous; notch of last ventral of male wide and deep, distinct; lengtli 7.5-9 mm. h. Head and thorax sparsely and rattier finely punctured. 811. SIMILE. /(//. Head and thorax densely and rather coarsely punctured. S12. IXSAXUS. //;/. Punctures of elytra coarse, uneven and conspicucais : last ven- tral of male truncate, the notch vei-y small ; length 6.5- 7.5 mm. simplex. //. Antennie slender, longer than head and thorax, the middle joints fully twice as long as wide; gular sutures curved, nearer to- gether at middle of area behind the mouth ; color black, legs and antenn;e paler; length r,.7-7..j mm. ceckalis. cc. Elytra much longer than thorax; abdomen narrower than elytra, the last ventral of male broadly and semicircularly notched; black, anteunje and legs brown ; length 6.5-7..5 mm. coxcolor. L. bicolor Lee. was described from Detroit. Michigan, and L. .<.7>('.«/(:or»r Casey from ^Massachusetts and Detroit, so that one or both of them are apt to be found in Indiana. SiiO ( ). I.ATHROBit'M PEOCEKtM f'asey. Trans. Acad. i'ci. St. L., XV, IfKi"). S:2. Elongate, rather slender. Black, shining; elytra becoming gradually but distinctly reddish on ajiical third: legs reddish-brown; antenna; piceous. with a reddish timre. Head equal in width to thorax, sides parallel, sparsely, rather finely and irregularly punctate. Thorax oblong, sides nearly straight, feebly converging toward base, finely and rather sparsely punctate. Elytra rather closely and finely jmnctate. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and rather densely punctate. Length 0-10 mm. i'2.4- FA:\rrLY- xr. — rtatii vmnidjc. Laporte County; rare. July 25. Described from New York, Ontario and Illinois. *S10 (2522). Lathkobidm akmati m Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 1834, 453 ; ibid. II, 568. Elongate, rather robust. Black or iiiceous, feebly shining; palpi, an- 'teunaa and legs reddish-brown. Head as wide as elytra, its sides rounded into liase; surlace finely and spai-sely imnctate. Thorax oblong, nearly e(|ual in widtli to head and elytra ; surC-u-c, as \\ell as that of elytra, foarsely, evenly and sparsely punetate ; llie median snioolli line very nar- row. Abdomen as wide as elytra, parallel, finely and i-ather closely but not densely imnetale. Length S-10 mm. South(!i'ii half of State, frequent; less so in the noiiliern coun- ties. Fehi'uary 14-Hepte)iil)er 22. Occurs especially in low, damp sandy places; taken also at sap of soft maple. SU (2.524J. LATiiBOBlijr SIMILE, I>ec., N. Sp. X. Am. Col.. I, 1863, 43. Elongate, ratlier slender. Black, shining; elytra and abdomen piceous ; antemiffi and tip of abdomen reddish-brown; legs paler. Head subquadrate, sparsely and Hnely punctate. Thora.Y oblong, as wide or sliglitly wider than head, scarcely longer than wide, rather coarsely and sparsely punctate. Elytra as long and sliglitly wider than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and very densely punctate. Fifth ventral of male narrowly and deeply impressed along the middle; sixth also with a lengthwise groove and a wide, dee|) notch at apex. Length 7.5-0 mm. Vigo and JMarion counties ; scarce. Feliruary 14-( )etober 4. 812 { ). LaTHROEIUM INSANIS sp. nov. Elongate, slender. Dark reddish-brown; elytra tinged with red; legs and antenna' paler. Head snl]i[uadratc, narro^eil in front, its surface, as well as that (jf thorax, closely and rather coarsely punctate. Antenn;e slender, the outer joints obeonieal, as wide at apex as long. Thorax longer than wide, its sides straight, feebly converging from apex t.i b,ise. Elytra as long as thorax, finely and much more sparsely punctate than there. Abdomen finely and densely punctate. Notch of last ventral of male dis- tinctly wider and less deep than in simile. I^ength .s.."i mm. Laporte Covmty; rare. July 25. L. cruralin Casey was described from New Jersey, Ohio and Iowa. L. (diicol/ir Lee., is said by Casey to occur in "Indiana and westward. ' ' Group c. ( r>ATi-iRonTOMA.) This KTiHip is eonqiosi'd of rather small, slender si)eiies which resemble thosi' of Grottp B. in their lar.u'e head and thick, bead-like antenna', but the joints of the hind tarsi are sube(|ual. Casey has placed ill the !;r(mp 11 species, two of which may occur in Ihe State, though ueillier is in the collection at hand. Thev are: THE SHORT-WINGED SCATENOER BEETLES. 425 L. oilwiihs Lee. having the head parallel at the sides, eolor deep shining black, legs reddish-brown. antenD;e dusky; sixth ventral of male with a square noteh ; length 5-5.J: mm. It has been taken in Xew England and Iowa. L. foiue Lee., very slender, with head broadest near the base ; eolor similar ; sixth ventral of male semicir- eularly emarginate-. length 4.6-5 mm., kno^^^l from Xew England. Canada and ^Michigan, and probably uceurs in northern Indiana. Gkoup D. (Tetaktopeus.) This gronp is chietly distinguished from oth^r species of Lath- robium by the very narrow ncL-k. The antenna? are rather slender and filiform and the body is usually more or less fusiform rather than parallel in outline. The following species have been taken or perhaps occur in the State : KEY TO INDIANA SPELILS OF GEOVP D. a. Elytra reddish, sometimes clouded with blnek on suture near liase. 6. Thorax deep blacii. c. Head parallel or uuly ver.v feebl.v and giaduall.v narrowed Ijehind the e.ves : thorax strcmgl.v and coarsely punctate, the puncture-; rather dense. si:;. pixtrui.vTCM. cc. Head very obvkiusly uairuwert liehind the eyes in both sexes. KLBKIPEXNE. 6&. Thorax dull reddish, siuiilav in eolor tu elytra. si4. semikueer. aa. Elytra not red. d. El.rtra black with the outer ajjical angles, or si.metimes the whole apex, more or less abruinly jiale : length T-7.S mm. axgclake. (Id. Elj-tra and entire body black, the less dark ; length ."..o-.'.s mm. S13 (2511' I. Lathkobium pu.NcTrL.\TiM Lee, X. t>pec. X. Auiei-. CuL. I, 1S63. 42. Elongate, slender. Black, shininj: : aiitennie and elytra dull reil. the former dusky toward apex : legs dull .\oIlow. Head semicir'ular behind the eyes, finely and rather sparsely pnu'tate. Thorax oIiIdui:. slightly Inii-er than wide, distinctly wider than bead: surfaee. as well as that of elytra. rather cuarsely, not clcsely punctate, the median smiioth line veiy narrow. Elytra one-third wider and distinctly liiiit,'er than thorax. AbiLiaeu as wide as elyti'a. minutely and den.-^ely punctate. JIales with the third to fifth ventral segnients feebly impressed alou;.' the middle, the sixth acutely and deeply notched. Length i;-7 mm. Throughout the State: scarce. February 2H-0ctijber 17. (Oc- curs beneath cover in open upland woods. L. nthri prune Casey. " VAMIL'i' Xr. S-|'.\iniYI,lXli)J':. XIjVI. Aderochaeis Sharp. 1886. (Gr., "eating enough + to delight in.") Rather stout, parallel species, having the head broadly sinuate- truncate at base; third joint of maxillary palpi elongate-oval; an- tennae slender, reaching beyond middle of thorax ; neck two-fifths as wide as head; thorax subquadrate, the ajjpx smnewhat jiroduced forward at middle. One sper-ics ofcnrs tln-oughoiit the Ea-steni United States. M'.'! (2559). Aderochaeis corticina Grnv., Man. Col. JIilt., ISOO, 1S4. Rather broad, moderately convex. Dark reddish-brown, the entire up- per surface minutely and densely punctate ; antennre and legs paler ; head blackish. Head a little wider than long, its sides feebly curved. Thorax slightly wider than long, a little narrower than head, sides straight, feebly converging from the distinct apical to the broadly rounded basal angles. Median smooth line very narrow. Elytra together quadrate, a little longer and wider than thorax. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra ; the sixth ventral of male broadly and shallowly emarginate. Length 6-7 mm. Marion and Monri'p counties; rare. June 9-June 12. Taken by sifting decaying maple logs. Described In- Say from Posey County under the name Lathrobium mUlcpunctatum. XLVII, SciociTAKis Arrib. 1884. Small, rather stout brown or piceous species having the two basal .-joints of antenna; much thickened, the second in our species longer than third; gular sutures but slightly separated, closest to- gether at base ; neck less than half as wide as head ; front tarsi more or less dilated ; basal joint of hind tarsi distinctly longer than sec- ond, joints two to four decreasing in length. One of the three United States species occurs in Indiana. '^-4 ( ). SciooiiAEis CABOLiNENsis Casey, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. L., XV. 1905, t57. Parallel, moderately convex. Head piceous; antennse, legs and abdo- men pale reddish-brown : thorax and elytra darker. Head as wide as ely- tra, its sides feebly curved, finely and densely punctate. Thorax subquad- rate, wider than long, widest at apex, its sides straight and feebly convei-g- ing to base; disk finely and rather densely punctate, with a very narrow smooth median line. Elytra one-third longer, slightly wider and a little more coarsely anil sparsely punctate than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and rather closely punctate. Sixth ventral of male with a broad notch at apex. Length 3 mm. Orange County; rare. June 2. Sifted from decaying beech stump. Tin: siioiiT-wi\'(!];D scavi^xcki; heetlics. 4:!1 XLVIII. 8ci0CHARELi,A Casey. ]905. C'losi'ly related to Seiocharis. Imt differing by the smaller size and ill the characters mentioned in the generic key. One species belongs to the Austroriparian fauna. S2."i ( ). SciocHAKET.T.A DELicATUn Casev. TraDS. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, XV, 1905, 159. Slender, parallel. l';ile tu dull lirowuisli-yello\Y. veiy minutely punc-- tate. alutacedus : legs and antenna' paler. Head piceous, as long as wide, wiliest at the truncate base : eyes situated twice tbeir length from base. Sei-iind antennal joint as loug as tbe next two combined and much thicker. Thorax as long as wide, sc-areely narrower than bead, sides nearly straight, angles scarcely rounded. El\tra quadrate, parallel, much wider than head, a fifth wider and one-fourth longer thau thorax. Length l.S mm. Crawford and Posey counties : rare. ^lay 2fi-June 3. Described from Alabama. XLIX. Trachysectus Casey. 18S6. Represented east of the Eockr\' ilountains by one small piceous species having the gular sutures narrowly separated and nearest to- gether in front of middle ; neck half as wide as head ; third joint of antenn.T distinctly longer than second, the outer joints bead-like; prosternum not carinate; upper surface coarsely and densely punc- tured. si!G (2560). Trachysectus cosfluexs Say. lYans. Amer. Phil. Soc., IV, lSo4, 450 ; ibid. II, 571. Rather stout parallel, subconvex. Dark reddish-brown to piceous. feeblj' shining ; legs, tips of elyti'a and base of antennis paler. Head wider than long, as wide as elytra, its hind angles broadly rounded; densely, coarsely and sti'igosely punctured. Thorax narrower than head, wider than long; disk with fine, lengthwise wrinkles. Elytra slightly wider and one-third longer than thorax, finely, rather closely and roughly punctate. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, thence feebly widened to near apex, finely and densely punctate. Sixth ventral of male with a small median notch. Length 3.5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. ^lareh 17-October 17. Oc- curs beneath loose bark and dead leaves and in fungi. When un- covered they run very rapidly. The elytra are not always paler at tips and the thorax is often reddish on the sides. L. Paramedox Casey. 19(15. (Gr.. "over + provider."') The principal distinguishing characters of this genus are the strongly dilated front tarsi and the sexual characters of the males. Its members hitherto laiown have all been from the Pacific or South- w-estern States. \-2fi — 23402] 4o2 FAMILY XT. — STAI'TIYI-INI n.H. S127 ( ). Pakamedon FALU sp. IKIV. Elongate, ratlier slender, parallel. Dark reddish-brown, finely and sparsely pubescent ; antenntB, legs and last two segments of abdomen paler. Head subquadrate. sides straight and parallel behind the eyes; surface finely and rather densely punctate above, more sparsely beneath, the gular sutures very close together. Antenna- reaching almost to base of thorax, basal joint as long as the next three; two to five oval, subiNiual, longer flian wide; six to ten transversi', eleventh slightly lunger. Thorax nearly si|uare, sides almost straight, angles rounad small; gular sutures very tine, widely separated, nearest together in front, thence widely di- verging to liase ; nock two-fifths as wide as head ; front tarsi strongly dilated in both sexes. Two species have been taken in the State. N2S ( ). PsEUDOMEDO.x RUFicOLLB Casey, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. L.. XV. i!.)ori, iss. Elongate, slender. Head, elytra and abdomen dark reddish-brown ; thorax ijale dull red; auteun:e and legs paler. Head as long as wide, three- fourths as wide as thorax, its sides behind the eyes parallel and rounded into base. Thorax sulKjuadrate, as long as wide, sides feebly curvi'd, the angles broadly rounded. Elytra one-third longer and slightl.v wider than thorax. Abdomen ;it base as wide .-is elytra, thence distinctly tiipering to ajiex. Sixth ventral of male with a small ronndwl emargination at aiiex. Length 4 mm. Steuben, Starke. Marion, Putnam aiid Posey counties; scarce. April 23-Oct()l)er 17. Tal^en l)y sifting vegetable debris. ■^2!! ( ). PsEUDOMEDOx THOR.wici'M ( "asey, Ti'ans. Aead, Sci. St. L., X\', i!)Or,, iss. Konii of preceding. Uniform black ov very darlv piceous ; antenna- and legs paler. Head almost as wide as lliorax, I he latter slightly wider than long, as wide almost as el,\lra ; olUerwise as viiflvitilf. Length '■\S\ mm. ^larshall C(nuity; rare. ]\lay 20. Taken from beneath rubbish at margin of lake. THE SIIORT-WINfJEn SfWVEXCFli BEETL];>. -133 LII. ScoP-Eis Erichs. is^il. (Gi-.. "a dwarf.") Very small and delicate species having the labrum short, trans- verse and toothed; last joint of maxillary palpi acute, distinct; ligula tricuspid: antennae filiform, subaeuminate toward apex, the first joint moderately elongate, second and third obeonic. the re- mainder oval; thorax oblong, more or less narrowed in front. Casey has subdivided the genus as defined by Erichson into a number of genera, herewith treated as groups or subgenera, three of which are perhaps represented in Indiana, though members of but two have as yet been taken. KEY TO IXDIA>'A GBOtPS OF SCOP.Ers. a. Neck extremelv slender. 6. Hind tarsi ratlier short, the basal joint never more than slightly longer than second ; body minute in size, more or less alutaceous ; gular sutures rather widely separated. Group A. Scop.eus. 66. Hind tarsi long, slender, the basal joint always distinctly longer than second; body subparallel, strongly convex, very minutely punctu- late and pubescent; gular sutures virtually united from a short distance behind the mentum. Group B. Scop^opsis. aa. Neck moderately nan-ow, varying from a fourth to nearly a third as wide as head; gular sutures more or less widely separated, farthest apart at base : labrum with four teeth ; hind tarsi short, the basal joint but little longer than second ; color black, polished, more or less sparsely punctate. Group C. Prcxost s. Gboip a. (Scop.Ers.) Of the 20 or more species ascribed to this group by Casey, but one has as yet been taken in the State. sou (2o4(ilj. ScoF.Ers ExiGvi's Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., IS40, nOS, Slender, parallel. Head and elytra blackisli piceous : thorax dusky yel- low ; abdomen blackish, paler at tijj ; antennae and legs pale yellow. Head slightly longer than wide, nunutely and densely punctate above, more sparsely beneath, truncate-sinuate at liase. Thorax oblong, slightly longer than wide, but little narrower and less densely ])unctate than head; sides obliquely truncate on apical third, thus narrowint: to apex. Elytra dis- tinctly wider than head and thora.v. but sli^rhtly longer than the latter, finely and densely punctate. Aljilonien at base sli-'htly narrower than ely- tra, minutely and densely punctate. I>ength 2.4 mm. ilarion and Ptttnam counties; scarce. ^March 6— June 12. Taken by sifting damp vegetable debris. Gboip B. ( S(op,s:oPSis.) S. ditryi Casey. 4 mm. in length, piceous black, head, thorax and antenna^ dusky yellow, was described from Cincinnati and was 434 ]?a:\iily xi. — stapiiylixidj-:. sifted from a patch of withered fungus. Yery probably occurs in southern Indiana. Geoup C. (Pycnords.) Body rather thick and convex ; legs stout, the front tarsi dilated ; front angles of thorax obliterated. One of the three species as- cribed to the group has l)een taken in the State. 831 (2548). SioivEUS dentigbk Lee, Trans. Amei-. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1880, 170. Elongate, convex. Black, feebly shining, thinly clothed with very fine gray pubescence; antenna- and tarsi dark reddish-brown; legs and abdo- men piceous. Head longer than wide, truncate at base, very minutely and sparsely punctate above, more distinctly beneath. Antennas reaching base of thorax, the outer joints scarcely thicker. Thorax elongate-oval, one- third longer than wide, sides feebly cun^ed, converging from middle to base and apex; disk, as well as that of elytra, finely and sparsely punc- tate. Elytra as long and scarcely wider than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and densely punctate. Length 3-3.2 mm. Kosciusko County; rare. June 24. Sifted from sphagnum moss at edge of tamarack marsh. The males have the femora thicker, the hind ones bent, concave beneath, the curved edge finely serrate and with a tooth near trochanter. LIII. Stilicus Latr. 1S'2I). (Gr., "a style.") Small slender species having the labrum broadly rounded or subtruncate at apex; second .joint of maxillary palpi much shorter than third; head rounded or subtruncate at base; surface usually coarsely punctured. The head is narrowed behind and the thorax in front, the two parts being united by a mere point, giving to them the aspect of small ants. The following species have been talren or probably occur in the State: KEY TO INDI.iNA SPECIES OF STILICUS. u. Under surf nee of head densely punctured. 6. Uiiper surface finely and densely punctate ; head snbquadratc, trun- cate at base; elytra with the outer apical angles broadly pale. OPACULXJS. hi). Upper surface of head and thorax coarsely, elytra finely and sparsely punctured; tips of elytra pale; head rounded at base; thorax with- out a smooth median line. rudis. (III. Under surface of head siiarsely punctured. c. Labrum with two acute teeth at apex; sculpture above not very fine and dense. d. Head not strigosely punctured above ; thorax with a broad, smooth dorsal line ; elytra distinctly wider than head. 832. angtjlabis. del. Head and thorax strigosely punctured above. THE STIOET-WIXGED SOAVEXGEH BEETLES. 435 c. El.rtra bronzed brown, the tips narrowly pale, more widely to- ward sides; wider than head, finely and very sparsely punc- tate. S.33. DEXTATUS. cc. Piceous black ; elytra scarcely at all paler at tip, not wider than head, rather closely punctate. 834. biaematus. CT. Labrum with four teeth, the outer pair very small, the inner pair short, broad and widely separated ; surface very finely and densely punctate; head rounded behind; prosternum strongly carinate. TBISTIS. N. 02}aculus Lee, 4 mm. in length, has been taken at Cincinnati, and N. 7-udis Lee.. 4.5 mm. in length, in Illinois. 'S32 (12554 1. Stiljcus axguhris Erichs.. (ieu. Spec. Staph., 1.S40, G.34. Dark reddish-brown, shinins: elytra with tips pale; alxlomen piceous; legs pale yellow. Hc-ad as wide as long,' broadly rounded and subtruncate at base, coarsely and densely punctate, the punctures rounded, shallow, each liearing a minute hair. Tho- rax but little longer than wide, three-fourths as wide as head, the obtuse angles at apical third dis- tinctly rounded: disk sparsely and coarsely punc- t>ired oil sides with a broad smooth median line. El.vtra one-half wider and one-third longer than thn- rax, finely and sparsely punctate. Abdomen nar- rower at Iiase than elytra, minutely and rather closely punctate. Fifth ventral of male feebly flat- tened, its apex truncate without a tooth. Length •"..N-4 mm. (Fig. 164.) Fig. 164. (Original.) ]\Iarion. ^lonroe. Lawrence and Spencer counties; scarce. April 12-.July 29. Occurs beneath carrion and leaves. S.33 (2556). Stilicvs dextatvs Say, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. IV. Is34. 457: ibid. II. 573. Head, thorax and elytra dark reddish-brown, the elytra strongly shin- ing ; abdomen black ; antennse reddish-brown ; legs and tips of elytra pale yelIo«-. Head longer than wide, strongly rounded at base, its punctures elongate and dense. Thorax three-fifths as wide as head; disk with leugtli- wise wrinkles, the median smooth line very narrow, forming an obtuse carina. Elyti-a three-fourths wider and a third longer than thorax. Ali- domen at base narrower than elytra, thence gradually widening, surfaic shining, finely and sparsely punctate. Fifth ventral of male with a me- dian tooth. Length 3.7-^ mm. Putnam. Clarion and Posey counties; scarce, ilarch 20-Xovem- ber 2S. Taken by sifting damp leaves and in fungi. 834 (25571. Stilici's BlARiiAXt's Lee.. Tvaiis. Amer. Ent. Sec, VIII, 1880, 378. Piceous black. El.rtra scarcely at all paler at tip; antennre and legs (lusliv yellow. Head as wide as long, its base broadly rounded, surface, as 436 F.\»[|I,Y XI. — ST,\1'11YL1N1]KH. well iiM that ol' tboi'iix, dcMisoly aud strii,'iisrly iiuuctalo. Tlioriix tlivoo- tiftlis as wide as head, median smooth line narrow. Elytra one-thinl wider but not longer than thorax. AI)d(inion at basi' as wido as elytra. Fifth ventral of male witli two small tubercles on hind margin. Lenglli 3.7-4 mm. Kosciusko bounty; rare. June 25. Sifted from vegetable debris at edge of tamaraclc swamp. A member of the boreal fauna. jS'. trisiis llclsh., 5.5-7 mm. in length, has 1)een taken near (Un- cinnati and ranges from Pennsylvania to Arizona. It doubtless oc- curs in southern Indiana. LIV. Mbgastilicds Casey. 1SS9. ((Jr., "large + style.") This genus was erected by ("asey upon a very stout form with a small orbicular head, having the body, especially the margins, thickly clothed with short, stiff bristles. S.3.5 (9650). JlEfiASTTT.icus FOBMiCAKius (.^ascy, lOnlom. Auier., V, ISM), is:;. Dark reddish-brown, opaque; liead and abdomen piccous. Ilenil ne.-irly circular, not iiunctured but coarsely alutaceous; neck exceedintily small: anteume reaching base of tliorax, stout, the .I'oints closely united. Thorax slightly longer than wide, widest one-third from ape.x, the sides tlience rapidly converging to apex, nearly straight to base; disk coarsely alu- taceous, the median line smoother. Elytra three-fourths wi. its sides parallel. Thorax tiiree-fourths the width of head, alinnt as long as wide, base twice as wide as apex, median line feebly eai-inate Elytra together as long as wide, one-third wider and a fourth longer than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elyli-a. Length 1,7 mm. THE -IIORT-WIXrtED -. ATEXOER BEETLE^. 43/ Southern half of State; freiinent. .March 25-:\Iay 11. Taken by sifting and from decaying fruit. iJne of the smallest of Staphy- linids. LVI. P.^DERUP Grav. I'^im;. Or., "a precious stone.") Small, slendiT. convex sjiecics. spars.-ly clothed with erect hairs and haviniT the prostt-rnuni shortened between and luider the coxa', not reaching mtsusternuin; neck one-third the width of head, labrum emai-irinate at apex: la^t inint of maxillary palpi obtuse: tarsi Avith the fourth .ioint bilobed beneath. Three -specie- are known from the State, all colored alike, being reddish-yellow, shining, with the head and last two si^gments of abdomen black; elytra dark blue. KEY TO rSDIAXA SPE( lES OF P.EDEBVS. •(. Elytra much shorter than wide; disrinr-Tly shorter than thorax, f?parsely. coarsely and ileeiily punctate. S37. palitsteis. aa. Elytra subquadrate. at leas: as Ioul' as wide, and a< b ng a^ or Inuger than thorax. 6. Thorax urate : elytral punctures c-oar«e. deep, rather cl' jse-^et thrcugli- OUt SJS. IJTTOKAEICS. hh. Thorax eloiiL'ate-oval : elytral punctures shallow, much less coarse and very sparse, ots-'lete toward apex. ^'-j'-k obuteratvs. ^o7 (2.ii72i. PjEDEKUs PAI.USTBIS Aust.. Proc. Bost. S.i.\ Xat. Hist.. XIX. 47. Elongate, slender. Antenme pi' ecus, the apical and four basal joint- pale, the outer joints gradually thickened. Head suborbicular. as wide as long, rather coai-sely and sparsely punctate. Thorax elongate-i^val. sliahtl.v narrcjwer than heaiL very sparsely punctate. Elytra as mentioned m key. the basal angles very la^adly rovmded. Abdomen as wide as elytra, mi- nutely punctate. Length 4.5-5 mm. Starke. Knox and Po-ev counties: scarce. April 1^--June 17. Sifted from debris along the margins of po]]d> and lakes. •>:> iJ.jT:;). P.EDEBrs iittobarh s Grav.. Men. CmL Mic-r., IHiO. 141!. Elongate, slender, subijai'allel. Antemne i>iee<'us at middle, the base and twii or three apical joints pale, the outer joints not enlarged. Head slightly longer than wide, base broadly rounded: surface, as well as that of thora.x and abdomen, finely and very sparsely punctate. Thorax convex, slightly lon-'er than wide, a little narrower than head; si'les feebly curved. Elytra earKely punctate. Thdrax elongate-oval, sides feebly curved. Elytra distinctly longer than wide, a fourth wider and slightly longer than thorax. Abdomen as wide as elytra, minutely and sparsely punctate. JTale with the sixth ventral cleft nearly to base. Length 4.7-5.2 mm. Kosciusko County ; i-nrc October 2(i. Occiii-s along the bordcr.s of the laT-ii'ci- lakes and the seaeoast of the. Eastern Trnit'd Stales. LVII. SiJNius Stei)h. ]s:n. (Gr., "to be together.") Elongate, very slender species having the labrurn short, trun- rate. bidentate ; prosternum carinate; l)Mse of head more or le-js broadly curved and truncate ; basal .-joint of hind tarsi much elon- gated, the fourth joint of all the tarsi bilobed beneath. The follow- ing species have been taken or probably occur in the State: KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES 01' SUNIl S. a. Head blaclv or piceous. &. Elytra in part, sometimes almost wholly, black, c. Abdomen wholly dark ; elytra pale at apex. d. Elytra distinctly longer than thorax ; head more densely punc- tured beneath. cinctis. rjil. Elytra equal to or shorter than thorax ; head less densely punc- tured beneath. 840. lineabis. ce. Abdomen reddish-yellow, usuall.v black at tip; el.vtra subequal in leagth and width to thorax, with a large darli sp."T:0. Svxus mxoTATus Say. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. Ill, 1S23. 154 : ibid. II, 99. Very slender, parallel. Head, a large spot on elytra and tip of abdo- men black ; thorax, base and suture of elytra and liase of abdomen reddish- yellow : antennae, legrs and tip of abdomen pale yellow. Head longer than wide, wider than thorax and elytra. Thorax elongate-oval, the sides feebly converging,' from apical third to base: surface, as well as that of head and elytra, punctured as in linearis. Abdomen slender, gradually broa'der be- hind. Length 3.5-4 mm. ^Marion and Putnam counties: s arce. April 4- October 10. Taken by sifting damp vegetable deluis. ■S. hrevipi iniis Austin. 3-3.7 mm. in length, occurs from ^lassa- ehusetts to Iowa aud doubtless inhabits Indiana. *S42 I 1. SvMts DiscoprxcTATUs Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Sue-.. IV. is:u. 457; ibid. II, 5T2. Very slender, subparallel. Pale reddish-yellow, last two abdominal segments black. Head rather small, narrower than elytra. Thorax oval, narrower than head, sli^'litly longer than wide, siiles roimded at apical fourth, thence feebly converging to base; punctate as In linearis. Elytra a third longer and distinctly wider than thorax. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, its sides almost parallel. Length :fl.s-4 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. February 20-Xovember 28. Occui-s especially beneath stones, bark, etc.. in high, open woodland. Listed as loitgiiisculus ^lann.. of which it is usually considered a synonym, but Casey says the latter is a Pacific Coast spe.ies. with much larger elytra. LVIII. Stilicop.sis Sarhse. 1S.32. (Gr.. •■ style -F face,") Minute pale species having the thorax almost circular, its median line finely elevated; elytra short with diverging sides; abdomen broad, convex. S4.3 (1!5S2K Stiucopsis paradoxa Saebse.. Stett Ent. Zeit., 1S52. 144. SboiT. parallel. Pale .vellow throughout. Head scarcely as long as wide, coarsely and densely punctate, its sides rotmded into the slender neck: eyes iiromineiit. coarsely granulate; antennoe reaching middle of tho- rax, the outer ji>ints >omewhat thickened. Thorax equal to bead in width, iiearlv ciriular. rather densely L'raiuilate-imnctate. Elytra distinctly wider aud shorter than thorax, coar>el,v, rlosely and ru^'osel.v pumtate. Alxlo- men at middle wider than el.vtra. Suely. densel.v and rou^'bly punctate. Length 2.-5-2. V mm. 440 FAIIFLY XI. STAPHYLINID.Ti;. Putnam County ; scarce. IMarch 26-Octo'ber 10. Sifted from damp vegetable debris. Tribe II. PINOPHILINI. Elongate, slender, subcylindrical species having the fourth joint of maxillary palp^as long as the third and obliquely hatchet-shaped. Two genera compose the tribe, both of which occur in Indiana. KEY TO GENEKA OF PINOPHILINI. a. Abdomen distinctly margined; species bhiclv or piceims. LIX. PiNOPHILlS. aa. Abdomen not margined ; species usually pale yellow. LX. Palaminus. LIX. PiNOPHiLTS G-rav. 1S02, (Gr., "filthiues.? + loving.") Eather large blackish species having the head short, wider than long, about as wide as thorax, its base truncate; neck one-half the width of head; antennaj very slender, reaching nearly to base of thorax ; mandibles long, strongly curved, each with a blunt median tooth which is notched at a])ex ; eyes large, very close to base of head; basal joint of hind tarsi as long as the next three, fourth joint bilobed. Only isolated descriptions of the five North American spe- cies are extant. Two are known from Indiana. S44 (258!"]). PiROPiiii.rs latipes Gray., Mon. Col. Mici-., IsOC. 202. Elongate, parallel. P.laok. feebly shining, sparsely clothed with gi'ay- ish hairs. Anteiinte, legs and hind margins of abdominal segments pale reddish-yellow. Ileiid very finely and sparsely punctate, with a number of cuarse, deep punctures above and behind the eyes. Thorax slightly longer than wide; base and apex tiuucnte; sides nearly straight, feebly converg- ing from apex to base ; disk coarsely, rather sparsely and irregularly punc- tate. Elytra slightly wider mid nearly one-half longer than thorax, coai-sely. deeply and densely punctate. Abdomen at base a little narrower and more finely and sparsely punctate than elytra. Front tarsi of male short, very stron.gly dilated, the joints membranous and (ivcrlapping. Length 13-15 mm. Southern half of State; scarce. jMareh 8-Deceniber 3. Occurs singly beneath logs and si ones in upland woods. One of the longest of o)ir Staphylinids. S4.5 (2588). PiNOPiiTi.cs opacus Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 49. Smaller and more slender than liitiiws. Black, subopaqne, head and thorax feelily shining; antennre, palpi and legs pale yellow. Elytra much more finely and deeply punctate, hut slightly longer than thorax. Abdo- men more finely punctate. Lenglli S-!) mm. Lake County; i-ire. .May 30. One specimen from the beach of Lake Michigan. 'I'lIR RTTORT-WIiVflEt) S(!AVENGRT£- BEETLES. 441 LX. Palaminc-s Eriehs. 1S40. (Gr., "hand.") Small, slender, snbeylindrical species, having the head broader than long, its base truncate immediately behind the eyes; antennae slender, longer than head and thorax ; last .joint of maxillary palpi relatively shorter and broader than in Pinophihis. Abdomen cylin- drical, narrower than elytra, its sides not margined. 846 (2592). Pahminus testaceus Erielis., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 683. I'^longate, very slender. Pale reddish-yellow, shin- ing, sparsely clothed with long yellowish hairs ; abdo- men reddish-brown ; antennte and legs pale yellow. Head rounded in front, coarsely and sparsely punc- tate. Thorax subquadrate, slightly wider than long, sides rounded into base, which is but slightly nar- rower than apex ; disk convex, coarsely and rather sparsely punctate. Elytra slightly wider and twice as long as thorax, rather coarsely, not densely punctate. First four segments of abdomen with coarse overlap- ping, scale-like granules; the fifth and sixth smooth. Last ventral of male with middle lobe curved, bent to one side and obliquely truncate at tip. Length 3.5- 4 mm. (Fig. 165.) Throughout the State; frequent. April 18- "^^ '"'■ ^°"^™'' June 21. Taken by sifting; also on fungi and beneath bark. Their motion is wriggling or vermicular, like that of a worm or snake. 847 (2597). Falaminus larvalis Lee, X. Sp. X. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 49. Elongate, very slender. Color of testaceus, the head darker and shorter. Thorax obcordate, much narrower at base than apex, coarsely and very sparsely punctate. Elytra slightly narrower and not longer than thorax, coarsely, deeply and sparsely punctate; abdomen as in testaceus, the imbri- cated scales extending t.i middle of fifth segment. Length .'1.2 mm. Starke C(junty ; rare. May 19. Sifted from sphagnum moss. Subfamily V. TACHYPORINAE. Rather short and broad convex Staphylinids, having the body conical and pointed behind; antenna' widely separated at base, in- serted at the sides of the front above the base of mandibles, usually beneath the side margin of the front, sometimes free, but never be- neath a projecting ridge as in the P;ederinffi; head narrower than thorax, its base not constricted but covered by the front of thorax; front coxa? large conical and prominent, their trochanters very dis- tinct ; spiracles of thorax distinct; hind coxie transverse or triangu- lar; tibia; with numerous spines; abdomen conical, often bordered and terminated with divergent spines. 442 FAMILY XI. — STAPITVLIxrD-H. The one paper treating of the North American species of the subf p.mily is by Hor)i. — "Synopsis of the Genera and Sp;^cies of the Staphylinid Tribe Tachyporini of the United States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, YI, J 877, 81-128. The snbfiimily is separated into five tril)cs, and these in tnrn into genera. KEY TO TRIBES OF TAOHYPOKIN.K. (/. Hind coxffi trausvei'se, reaching the side pieces of the metathorax. ft. Antennae 10-jointed; tarsi 4-jointed. Tribe I. HypocyPTiNi, p. 442. 6&. Antennie 11-jointed ; tarsi 5-jointed. c. First joint of hiurt tarsi nearly as long as tibiae ; hind coxae ap- parently nnited with the metasternuin. Tribe II. Triohoptini, p. 442. cc. First .1oint of hind tarsi moderate or short ; hind coxte free. d. Head not margined on the sides beneath the eyes ; elytra dis- tinctly longer than the thorax, minutely and irregularly punc- tate. Tribe III. Tachypobini, p. 443. (Id. Head margined on the side beneath the eyes; elytra about as long as thorax, smooth or with three or more rows of punc- tures. Tribe IV. BouTOBnNi, p. 452. aa. Hind coxae triangular, prominent; antennas 11-jointed; tarsi 5-jointed; head not margined. Tribe V. Habroceeini, p. 457. Tribe I. HYPOCYPTINI. Very small, broadly oval pubescent species, which occur for the most part in the nests of ants. When disturbed they bend the head under the body which, together with their convex forms, gives them the appearance of little globes or balls. No representative of the (ribe has lieen taken in the State, though Dury has taken Microciip- lus Irslacfiis Lee. from the nost of a small black ant near Cincin- nati. It is reddish-yellow, with Hie middle coxaj narrowly sepa- rated; niesosternum carinate : leiigi:h .8 mm. Hyporijptii:^ loiifjiconiis Payk., black, legs and antenna> pale yel- low, middle ( ()\;p widely separated, mesostemum flat, lengtli 1 mm., may occiu' in the southern half of the State. Tribe II. TRICHOPYINI. Two genei'a represent this tribe in the Eastern Fnited States, both of which occur in the nests of white ants (Tmucs). Both genera have a southern range and both are perhaps reju'esented in southern Indiana, though only the single sjK^cies of -one has as yet been taken. THE SHOltT-WlNGED SCAVENOKK BEETLES. 443 KEY TO GENEBA OF TEICHOPYINI. a. Body broad, narrowed behind, clothed with long, sparse, bristly hairs ; thorax narrowed in front, not impressed. LXI. Trichopsenius. aa. Body narrower ; thorax not narrowed In front, with an apical impres- sion, the bottom of which is membranous. Xenisti'sa. LXI. Trichopsextts Horn. I.s77. (Th-., ''little hair + like.") Represented in southern Indiana anrl southward hy one small form having the tibiie distinctly spinnlose. middle coxie coiitiguoiis; abdomen and elytra not margined. S4S (2602). TsicHOPSENirs dei'bessus Horn, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VI, 1877, 88. Oblong, depressed. Brownish-yellow, glabrous, very shining and with- out punctures. Thorax nearly twice as wide as long, sides slightly curved, base truncate, hind angles acute. Eljiira each quadrate, as long as broad, together not wider and a little shorter than thorax, and with three trans- verse rows of erect yellowish hairs. Abdomen conical and bearing numerous sparse, erect hairs. Length 1.2 mm. Crawford County, ilay 15. Four or five specimens were taken in the nests of Termes flavipes KoU., beneath flat stones near the mouth of Wyandotte Cave. Tribe III. TACHTPORINI. Rather short, broad species, with a conical abdomen, which is never turned upward when disturbed, aa is the habit of most other Staphylinids. They occur in fungi, dung and other decaying matter. KEY TO INDIA XA GEXEBA OF TACHYPOKINI. (I. Abdomen with a narrow margin; tibiae with a fringe of uneven spinules at tip. 1). Jlesostemum not carinate. c. Maxillary palpi filiform; body oblong, somewhat depressed, mod- erately tapering; length 3-6 mm. LXII. TACHI^■us. ec. Maxillary palpi awl-shaped; body short, convex, abruptly tapering; length less than 3 mm. LXIII. Tachypori s. hb. Mesostemum carinate; maxillary palpi filiform; front tarsi of male simple. (1. Elytra not extended at sides below the body. Cilea. (Id. Elytra projected at the sides below the body. I>XIV. Erchomus. (Id. Abdomen not margined: surface finely pubescent; tibiae with a fringe of equal spines at tip. LXV. Conosoma. LXII. TACTTixt'R Grav. 1802, (Gr., "swift") A large genus, the species of which are very difficult to separate, unless both sexes are present. The males have the front tarsi always dilated and the last or sl-'^'enth ventral segment deeply divided, form- 444 fa:milt xi. — staptiyltn'ID.i;. ing processes or laeiniiv of varying shape, frequently long and slen- der and decurved, resembling somewhat the forceps of an earwig, often broader in the form of triangular plates. The sixth segment varies also in form and sculpture, the hind margin being notched in most species and the surface concave or impressed, the impression often wholly or pa.rtly filled with very short, stout bristles, thus forming a "spongy space." The hind margin of the sixth ventral in part of the species is also pectinate or fringed on each side with stiff, close-set spinules, thus forming a comb-like structure. In the female the front tarsi are not dilated and the last ventral is (a) either entire and fringed behind with short equal spinules {flavipcmiis and circumcincfits only) or {h) divided into six rather long and slender processes. In the latter ease the last dorsal is tri- lobed, with the middle lobe either entire, eraarginate, bifid or trifid at apex. In the key the characters given pertain only to the male, unless the female be mentioned specifically. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF TACHINUS. II. Sixth ventral pectinate on its hind margin. &. Sixth ventral with a spuu^.v space on the center of the impression; female with middle lobe of Inst dorsal shorter than the side lobes, slender and feebly notched at tij). 849. memnonius. 1)1). Sixth ventral without a spongy space at middle, very deeply emargi- nate, the angles prolonged. c. Spinules on hind margin of sixth ventral bordering the entire emargination ; female with middle lobe of last dorsal as long as the side lobes, deeply divided to form two slender processes; pic- eous, the sides and base of thorax paler. s.")0. rep.vndus. re. Sjiiiuiles divided into three groups; iiale reddish-yellow; length 3.5 mm. schutatoe. ase. sni'. luridus. <■<'. Sixth ventral without a siKUigy space on its middle. .(/. I'irst two ventrals strongly carinate at middle. //. rroccsses of last venti'al long and curved; last dorsal with four acute teeth; elytra jiali' brown, Iheir tii)s piceous; fe- male with middle lobe liroad, shorter than side ones, and triangularly notched at tip. sn;i. FiMnRiATi's. THE SIIORT-WIXGED -CATEXGER BEETLES. 443 hh. Processes shorter, straight; last dnrsal with short teeth: fe- male as in parallchis. picepes. yg. i'irst two ventrals not or feebly carina te. I. Sixth ventral concave, emarginate behind. j. Hind margin of sixth ventral emarginate at middle and sides : female with middle lobe broad, as Ions as the side ones, its tip broadly triangularly notched. schwabzi. /./. Hind margin emarginate at middle only. k. Thorax entirely dull yellow; female with middle Inlie shorter than side ones, broadly oval, rarely with a feeble notch at tip. umbatxs. Ik. Thorax i>icei ms with narrow pale border ; elytra distinctly punctate ; female as in luridvs. S.54. pallipes. ii. .*^ixth ventral mjt concave or emarginate. ?. Last dorsal with four teeth ; elytra coarsely and irregularly punctured; female as in flaiipeiinis. ciBcrMcrvcTus. U. Last dorsal with three teeth; elytra coarsely and evenly punctured : female as In liiridu-i. smDULOiDES. S41I (2(;risi. Tachi.xus memxoxius lirav.. JIoii. ij'l. ilicr.. ImiC. ]ri2. L'niform piceous. moderately si lining; Ic-'s and antenme reddish-brown. Thorax one-half longer than wide, sides broadly curved, hind angles olitnse ; disk minutely alutac-eous. Elytra togetlier one-third loni:er than wide, finely alutaceous. very finely and sparsely punctate. Length .o.."i-7.."i mm. .'-^i >ittliern half of State, frequent; probably throughout. Oeto- ]}er 4— X(iv(?mber ^. Occurs in decaying fuugi. s.jii ( iCKj I . Tachixi s BEPAXDi s Hom. Ti-ans. Amer. Ent. Soo,. VI. 1^77. '■>'. Piceous. sliinini'. very finel.v alntaeeoiis : sides and Iiase of thorax red- dish-yellow; antennaj loii-'. slender. pieer)us. the twi. basal joints paler; legs dull yellow. Head, thorax and el.vtra very minutely punctulate. Elytra as broad as long. Abdominal segments wrinkled at middle. Last ventral of male deeply divided, the lobes straight. Lent-Th -i.'i-^> mm. Putnam C'riunty : rare. September 25. T. scrutator Hom. dark reddish yellow. -3.5 mm. in length, was described from Illinoi.s. while T. parnllelus Horn, 6-6.5 mm. in length, piceous. with thorax, elv'tra. legs and antennae reddish- brown, is recorded from Illinois and Canada. 9-',\ i2i;l'.n. Tachixus flwipexxis Liej.. Cat.. ISyO. Head and thorax black, shining ; elytra pale clay yellow ; antennse dusky, the basal joints and legs reddish-broT\Ti : abdomen and under sur- face picet'us. Head and tliorax very finely and indistinctly punctate. Ely- tra ti>i'ether scarcely longer than wide, minutely punctate. Al'domen finely punctured above, more coiirsely beneath. Length n mm. Ko'-ciusko County; frecjuent loally. June 24. Taken from white fl»--^hy fungi. 446 FAMILY XI. STAPH YLINIU/E. 852 (2620). Taciiinus lukidus Brichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 920. Head black ; legs, sides of thorax, basal two-thirds, sides and tip of elytra dull yellow : anteunie reddish-brown, the four basal joints paler ; un- der surface, and abdomen piceous. Head and thoi"ax minutely alutaceous, very finely and indistinctly punctate. Elytra together one-third longer than wide, more distinctly alutaceous. sparsely and finely punctate. Abdomen punctured as elytra, almost smooth beneath. Length 5-5.6 mm. Laporte County ; rare, ifay 7. 853 ('2621). TACiimrs fimbkiatcs Grav., Mon. Col. Jlicr., 1806, 191. Head and thorax black, shining; elytra pale chestnut brown, tip nar- rowly piceous; anteiin:e black, four basal joints and the last one pale; ab- domen, under surface and legs piceous. Head and thorax finely alutaceous, minutely punctate. Elytra together as wide as long, minutely alutaceous, rather coarsely and irregularly punctate, some of the punctures in evident rows. Abdomen shining, sparsely punctulate above, more coarsely beneath. Length 7-9 mm. ' ' ' Throughout the State; common. April 11-Oetober 6. Occurs in fleshy fungi. Our largest and broadest species. The first two ventrals of both sexes are carinate between the hind coxas. T. picipci Erichs, uniform piceous, 7-8 mm. in length, occurs from Canada to Virginia; T. :ichwarzi Horn, also piceous and 8 mm. in length, has been taken at Detroit and iiejir Cincinnati; T. lim- latus Melsh., 7-7.5 mm. in length, is known fi'om the Middle States and near Cincinnati. 854 (2626). Tachintjs pallipes Grav., yUm. Col. Micr., 1806, 20. Piceous black, shining; legs, margin of thorax, liase and sides of elytra and four basal joints of antenna}, reddish-yellow. I-Iead and thorax finely alutaceous, minutely and sparsely punctulate. Elytra slightly longer than wide, finely but distinctly punctured, finely alutaceous. Abdomen more finely punctured than elytra. Length 5-G mm. Throughout the State; common. February 21-()ctobcr 4. Oc- curs beneath bark and on fungi. Also taken in numbers ]March 16 from beneath a mass of old hone.\'comb. T. circvmrinchis Makl., piceous, elytra chestnut brown, length 4.5 mm., is a boreal species recorded from IMichigan and Kansas; T. nitidulo'ulcs Horn, piceous with sides of thorax and tips of elytra paler, length 3 nmi., is said to be found from Canada to Maryland, and is reported from Cincinnati by Dury. LXIII. TAOiiYPORTisGrav. ISOfi. (Gr., "swift -h to walk.") Short, bi'oad, convex species havinj;- 1he abdonii'n abruptly taper- ing and beset with bristly hairs. The males have the front tarsi distinctly dilated, the sixth ventral triangularly notched and the THE SHOKT-WIXGED S. ATKXGF.E BEETLE?. 447 last dorsal with entiri- hind margin. The females have the front tarsi feebly or not at all dilated, last ventral semi-eireular and the last dorsal with four equal acute teeth. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF TACHTPOBl S. a. Form convex and rather robust. 6. Color in great part pale reddish-brown or reddish-yellow, e. Elytra bicolored. d. Under surface picecais. e. Elytra with sides and an oblique discal spot on each black; abdominal segments piceous at base. Soo. macllipenxis. ce. Elytra with basal half or two-thirds shining black; abdomen above reddish-yellow, the last two segments black. S56. PULCHBrs. fid. Under surface, except last two segments, pale; elytra with scu- tellar blotch only black. So", elegaxs. cc. Elytra uniform in color or slightly darker around the scutellum ; thorax and elytra paler than abdomen. f. Thorax not broader than elytra, rapidly narrower to apex. SI5S. jocosrs. //. Thorax broader than elytra. Its sides strongly curved. S.oO. CHBYSOMELIXtS. 66. Color pitchy black ; apex of elytra paler ; femora and coxse piceous. XAxrs. "'/. Form more or less depressed, slender. g. Color dark fuscous brown to pitchy black ; elytra in part or wholly paler ; third joint of maxillary palpi normal. S60. scixri-rs. gg. Color reddish-yellow; tliird joint of maxillary palpi stout. S61. BBUN>"EUS. *.S55 i2i;.32). Tachvporcs MAcruPE^^is Lee. Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. iscr;, .UT4. Head black, smooth ; thorax and elytra dark i-eddish-brown, strongly shining; elytra each with an oblique spot near middle and an oblong one on side, black, these sometimes miited; basal portion of alxlominal segments and under surface piceous; l^s and antennae pale. Thorax smooth, nearly twice as wide as long, not wider than elytra, sides curved, hind angles ob- tuse. Elytra together wider than long, slightly longer than thorax, both they and abdomen very finely and sparsely punctate and pubescent. Length 3.5-4 mm. Southern two-thirds of f^tate : frequent. February 10-Decem- ber 7. Hibernates beneath mullein leaves and rubbish. The tho- rax often has a dusky spot on disk. s.-i(; ( ). Tachytoius prrcHEts s]i. nov. Reddish-yellow, strongly shining. Head, basal fourth of thorax, basal half or two-thirds of elytra and last two segments of abdomen, black; un- der surface piceous. Elytra without visible punctures, very sparsely and finely pubescent. Length .J mm. [■S,)—-2:iW2\ 448 FAjriLY XT. STAPTIYLINID.H. Lake, Jilarion and Putnam counties; rai'e. Mdwh. 13-Deeember 7. A handsome species which may prove to be the Biiropean ob- tusus. 857 (2633). Taciiypobus elegans Horn, Trniis. Amer. Ent. S'lc, VI, 1S77, 103. Reddish-yellow, strongly shining; head, last two segments of abdomen and a eircumscutellar spot of el.vtra black. Antennre slightly longer than head and thorax, the latter as in macuVpemiix. Elytra and abdomen very finely and sparsely punctate and pubescent. Under surface of abdomen more distinctly punctured than above. Length 3..5 mm. Putnam County; rare. Jlarch 2.0. SfiS (2C.:!4). Tachypobus .jocosus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, IS.'U. 460 ; ibid. II, 582. Piceous, shining; head black; thorax, elytra and legs reddish-yellow ; an- tennte dull yellow, the outer .ioints dusky. Thorax smooth, twice as wide as long, hind angles rounded. Elytra together as long as wide ; surface, as well as that of abdomen, sparsely punctulate and pubescent. Length :!-4 mm. Lake, Starke and Marion counties; rare. May 5-N(>veniber 28. Described from Posey County and taken h\ Dury at Cincinnati, so that it probably occurs throughout the State. *,srii) (I'C.'I.T). Tachypobus chbysomblinus T.inn., Faun. Suit., 174(i, sri."i. Head lilack; thorax, el.vtva and legs rcildisli-ycllow, ixilislied ; antenn;e dull yellow, outer joints darker; abdomen, under surface and often a space alKjut s<-utcllum i)iec(ius. Thorax smooth, nut twice as wide as lou,g. Ely- tra and abdomen as in jocoxvs. Length 4 nun. Throughout the State; common. February 21-November 17. Occurs beneath logs, bark and other cover, especiall.v in low open woodland. The thorax is often marked with an ill-defined dusky discal spot. T. Junius Erichs., 3-3.5 mm. in length, occurs from Canada to Pennsylvania and has been taken near Cincinnati. 800 (203S). Tachypobus scitulus Erichs., Kafer Mark Brand., I, 1830, :!'.)5. Elongate, subdepressed. Dark fuscous ov pitchy black, shining : an- tennjie and legs pale; elytra usuall.v paler at tips, sometimes almost wholly dull yellow. Thorax smooth, slightly lironder than elytra, the sides and apical margins narrowly pale. Elytra together slightly broader than long, finely punctulate and pubescent. Length 2..''i-3 mm. Marion and Putnam counties; frequent locally. July 4-No- vember 22. Taken l)y sifting damp vegetaljle debris. *S61 (203!)). Tachypobus bbunneus Fab.. Ent. Syst.. I, 1705, 53.^. Elongate, ilc])ressed. Reddish-yellow: head piceous; antennoe and legs dull yellow; abdomen darker than elytra. Thorax twice as wide as long. THE SHORT-WIXGED SCAVHXOKP. BEETLES. 449 not wider than elvtra. sides gradually narrowing from base to apex. Ely- tra as wide as long, both they and abdomen sparsely punctulate and pubes- cent. Length i.'j-S mm. Throughout the State; common. Jarmary 7-November 1. Oc- curs beneath bark, dead leaves, etc., in open woodland. LXIY ERciiojrrs :M(its. 1S.".S. (Gr.. "to enter.") Very small black or pieeoits species, having the mesosternum earinate, and front tarsi of male simple. Two of the four known species occur in the State. *S02 (2644). Erchomus vextkicxlus Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, ]834. 4(10; ibid. II, .-,82. Short, broad, convex, narrowed behind. Black, strongly shining ; elytra and abdomen with a reddish-piceous tinge; antennae and legs dark reddish- brown. Thorax twice as wide as long, as wide at base as elytra ; very finely and sparsely punctate. Elytra together one-third longer than wide, one- half longer than thorax, finely but distinctly punctate. Abdomen, as ex- posed, shorter than elytra, minutely punctulate. Last ventral of male with a semicircular notch. Length 2-2.5 mm. Throughout the State; common. April 5-Deeember 25. Occurs in eolimies beneath bark, especially that of elm and red oak. S(;.3 (2(;4.>). Eechomus l^evis Lee, X. Sp. X. Amer. Col., I. lSii3, 31. Similar to reiitriculus in form and color. Differs in having the upper surface wholly smooth and last ventral of male triangularly notched. Length 2-2..!) mm. Posey Counly; rare. April IS. Occurs beneath dead leaves. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. LXV CoxosoM.N Kraatz. 1S38. (Gr., "cone -i- body. ") The lack of a margin on the sides of the abdomen especially dis- tinguishes this genus from all others of the tribe. The specias are of small size, brov.'n, piceous or black in color, and the segments of the abdomen are in death usually telescoped so that the abdomen a,s exposed extends but little beyond the el.vtra. KEV TO INDIANA SPECIES OF COA'OSOMA. o. Mesosternum not earinate but obtusely elevated: body subdepressed. 6. Thorax piceous. hind angles broadly reddish-.vellow. LiTTOREtM. 66. Thorax dull yellow, apical half or third piceous. 804. kxoxii. (Id. Mesosternum distinctly earinate. r. Middle tibise with only one terminal spur. (I. Body robust, cunvex; hind angles broadly rounded; elytra piceous. usually narrowly paler along the base. SO-j. ceassum. 450 h'WIIIjY XI. — RTAI'ITYIJNID.K. dd. Budy more elongate, subdeiiressi^d ; hind angles of thorax acute; color wholly iilceous. Si;*;, elcngata. oc. Middle tibiiB with two distinct terminal spurs. ('. Klytra without a row of bristle-boiiring pun<-tures along the margin. f. Abdominal segments without long setse along the sides. g. Elytra densely punctulate, as long as wide ; length 4 mm. 867. PDBESCENS. gg. Elytra smooth, each with three or four very fine raised lines ; length 2 mm. StiS. camnula. //. Abdomimil segments with long setae at the sides, arising from i-atlier large deep puijctures; elytra more or less reddish at base. h. 1"b(.rax with minute transverse strigae between the punctures; elytra with entire basal margin red. 869. opicum. hh. Thorax very finely punctate, not strigose ; elytra with a red spot on base nearer the suture than the margin. 870. basale. cc. Elytra with a row of bristle-bearing punctures along the sides; ab- domen with setse at the sides; jiale reddish-yellow, elytra with tip and discal spot piceous. 871. soeiptxjm. C. lilloreum Linn., a European sjjfi'ies, 3. .5-4 mm. in length, is known from Massachusetts and Canada, and has been recorded by Dury from Cincinnati. 8(!4 (2047). Conosoma knoxii Lee, Proe. I'liil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1866, :ri74. Oval, subdeiii-esseil. Head and apii-al third or more of thorax black, shining; basal portioii of tliorax, a large oval space on each elytron, legs and base and ii]iex of antennae dull yellow; abdomen reddish-yellcjw, its last tin-e(' segments, the sides and apex of elytra, and the under surface i)iceous. Tliiji-iix broader than elytra, hind angles subacute, disli finely alutaceous and. as well as elytra, densely and very finely punctate and pubescent. lOlytra one-third longer than wide. Length 3.5^ mm. Marion and Putnam comities; scarce. SSc'pteiniier '25 November '2S. Taken by sifting damp ve;,''etable debris. *X(;ri CJVAH). ('.(iNosoxrA crassiim Gimv., Mem. Col. ,\Iier., 1S0(!, 11X). Oval, convex. I'ii-enus, siiarsely clcjthed with fine iia](> lirown pubes- cence; thorax and elyd-a usually with a narrfiw reddish sjiace at base oC each; antennae dusky, the apical .ioint paler; under surface reddish-brown, the legs paler. Tlioriix slightly wider than elytra, sides regularly curved; hind angles broadly roundeil ; dLsk finely and densely punctate. Elytra to- gi'ther as long as wide, densely and more distinctly punctate than thorax. Length 3-5 mm. Throughont the State; comnmn. -Tannary 21-Ni>vember 17. Occurs beneath l)ark and on fungi. Onr largest species. sot; ( ). Co.\(jsO,\IA F.I.ONOATA Sp. n(]V. Eloiigate-oval, sul)depressed. I'ic'eous, shining, sjjarsely clothed with fine lirownish-.ycllow pubesitflice ; antennie and legs reddish-brown. Thorax THE -;HOT!T-WTyi;iED SCATP.XilER BEETLES. 451 slightly wider than elyti'a, sides very feebly curved; hind angles acute, slightly prolonged: disk finely alutaceous, minutely and densely punctate. Elj-tra together distinctly longer than wide, finely, densely and somewhat roughly punctate. Abdomen minutely and closely punctnlate on basal por- tion. Length S—i mm. Lake, Starke, Clarion and Lawrence eoiiuties ; scaree. ]\Iarch 26-Xo^eniber 17. Taken by sifting. The depressed fonii, much less eurved sides and a.cxite hind angles of thorax readily distin- guish this from crassum, with whieh it has heretofore been c-on- fiised. Sil7 (2651). CoxosoMA prBESCEKS Payk., Monog. Carab. App.. ITtX"), 13S. Oval, robust, convex. Dark chestnut brown, moderately shining, sparsely clothed with silken pubescence ; autemue and legs somewhat paler. Thorax slightly wider than elytra, sides feebly curved, hind angles subacute, slightly prolonged; disk very minutely punctnlate. Elytra rather densely and minutely punctulate. Length 4 mm. Lawrence County; scarce. -July 29. Taken from decaying fleshy fungi. S6S (. ). CoxosoMA CAEixuLA sp. nov. Broadly oval. Uniform piceous, highly polished, smooth and glabrous ; antennse and legs reddish-brown. Thorax as wide as elytra, sides feebly curved, hind angles rectangular. Elytra together wider than long, wholly without punctures, each with three or four fine, straight rugoe or raised lines on disk and a few oblique ones on sides. Length 2 mm. Vigo Count>-; rare. October 6. Taken from beneath bark of red oak. Sii9 (2G54). CoxosoMA opicum Sny. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., IV, 1S34. 467; ibid. II, 5S3. Oval, convex. Picetms. shining, finely pubescent; elytra each with a broad reddish basal cross-band: abdominal segments paler at apex; an- tennse and legs reddish-brown. Thorax slightly wider than elytra, sides regularly eurved; hind aiii.'les rectangular; disk sparsely and finely punc- tate, minutely su-igose or alutaceous between the punctures. Elytra slightly broader than long, rather densely and finely punctulate. Abdominal seg- ments each with a seta from the sides of the upper surface and two at the margin. Length 3-3.5 mm. Throughoiit the state; frequent. ]May f^-No^•embe^ 17. Occurs beneath the bark of fungus cohered logs. STO (2653). CoxosOMA easaie Erichs.. Gen. Spec. Staph., ISJO. 22.j. Form and color of opicum. Thorax not strigose or alutaceous between the punctures. Reddish basal cross-band of elytra not reaching the side margins, the humeri piceous. Length 3-8.5 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. April 1.5-Oetober 31. Prob- ably only a variety of opicum. 452 FA:\[n.Y xi. — srAriiYrTNin.i';. 871 (2655). CoNosoMA soriptum Horn. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VI, 1S77, 112. Broadly oval. I'ale reddisli-yellow. sparsely pubescent ; thorax witli a basal spot each side of middle and elj-tra with sides near apex and discal spot behind the middle, piceous; antemiis, legs and under surface reddish- yellow. Thorax slightly wider than elytra, sides regularly curved, hind angles obtuse ; disk almost smooth. Elytra as long as wide, sparsely punc- tulate and with a row of about six larger punctures bearing stiff black hairs along the sides. Length 2-2.5 mm. Putnam, Monroe and Lawrence counties; scarce. May 13-July 29. The color is variable, the thorax sometimes wholly piceous or wholly pale, and the spots of elytra may be united and enlarged. Occurs in fungi. Tribe IV. BOLETOBIINI. Elongate, slender, glabrous forms, having the head margined be- neath, the color often variegated and the elytral punctures, when present, in rows. Three genera represent the tribe, all of which occur in the State. KEY TO GENERA OF BOLETOBIINI. a. Elytra each with three rows of punctures. 6. Maxillary palpi usually filiform ; size larger, 4-8 mm. LXVI. BOIJITOBIDS. hb. Maxillary palpi awl-shaped; size smaller, not over 4.5 mm. LXVII. Mycetoporus. aa. Elytra each with about seven rows of punctures ; maxillary palpi with last joint conical, acute ; length 4r-4.5 mm. LXVIII. Bryoporus. LXVI. BoLBTOBius Steph. 1S82. (Gr., "boleti -i- living in.") In this genus the middle and hind tibiae are fringed at tip with unequal and rather coarse spinules. The thorax is punctured on the margins with disk smooth; rows of elytral punctures arranged one near suture, one on disk ard one near margin. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF BOLETOBIUS. in the so^nhern coun- ties. March 2i»-,June 17. Oeeur.s beneath bark and rubbish. Much more robust than the next species, with the elytral punctures much eoai-ser and in regular rows. Ss5 I. 1. Bbyopobvs testacevs Lee.. X. :>ie:. X. Amer. CoL, I.. IS''.;;. 33. Elongate, very slender. Head and thorax iiieeous : elytra reddish- brown, often with an indefinite sutural blotch darker: under snrface and abdomen dark reddish-brown, the segments of latter paler at apex; an- tennse dusky, paler at I'ase: legs pale reddish-br.jwn. Thorax as wide at base as elytra, smo^'th. strtmgly shining. Elytra distinctly longer than wide, the punctures of sutural row distiu.-t. the others small, faint and in s-imewhat irregular rows. Abdomen pubes<:eut. rather finely and si'arsely punctate. Length 12.7-3 mm. Marion. Futnam and Prs-y eouatie-: ^ arce. ^March 2i;i-0oto- ber 14. Taken by sifting. Resembles Miiccfoporus a rmrica nus but without the discal punctures of thorax. This >peoi'^ was suppressed by Horn, and afterward redeseribed as parvulus by Casey. Tribe Y. HABROCERIXI. This tribe is i-epreseuted iu the United States by a single genus. Habrocfru.f. having the hind coxae broadly triangular, concealing a part of the femora in repi 'se ; head defiexed. antenna? sleuder. hair- like; abdomen margined. One small pioecius form. H. srhwarzi Horn. 2 mm. in length, having the el^"tra pale clay yellow, finely and ver\- s]:>arseiy punctate, was 'L-sr-ribed from Detrcat and probably 1 eeurs in northern Indiana. Subfamily Xl. PHLOEOCHARINAE. .Sl.'iider. deprt-ss,-il speeies having the antennae inserted imder the sides of the front. ll-.ioii;Ted. straight, the outer joints btit little thicker: head without ocelli: prostemum behind the front coxse membranous ; abdomen eloncrate. margined, with btit six ventral seg- ments visible, the se.rnd with a longitudinal elevation at middle; tarsi -^-iointed. The subfamily is represented in Canada. ^Michigan and perhai's northern Indiana by two seuera. •ins FAMILY XI. ST VL'HYLINIDili). KEY TO GENERA OF PHLCEOCHAEIN^. a. Thorax not carinate ; maxillary palpi filiform ; mandibles simple. Olisthjskus. aa. Tborax with four carinse; maxillary palpi, awl-shaped; mandibles toothed. PsEUDOPSis. Pseudopsis columhica Fauv., reddish-brown, 2.5-3.5 mm. in length has been taken in nninbers near .Detroit. Subfamily VII. EUAESTHETINAE. Small, rather slender species having the antennse inserted before the eyes at the base of the labram ; tarsi f otir-jointed ; eyes moderate in size, convex, coarsely granulated, located very close to the base of head; labrum usually denticulate in front; antenna', mouth parts and thorax much as in the subfamily Steninas. Three genera repre- sent the subfamily in the United States. Specimens of but one of these have been taken in Indiana, though those of the others may occur. The only paper treating of the subfamily is by : Gasey. — ''Contributions to the Descriptive and Systematic Cole- opterology of the United States," Part I, 1884 (published privately) . The genera EumstKetv.s and Edaphus are treated on pp. 18-31. KEY TO GENERA OF EU^STHETIN^. a. Abdomen margined. &. Labrnm with a row of comb-like teeth in front; head between the eyes convex ; thorax without fovea near base ; first dorsal segment of abdomen without a carina. LXIX. Eu^sthetus. 1)1). Ivabrum without teeth ; head bi-impressed between the eyes ; thorax with several deep foveas along the base ; first dorsal with a median carina. Edaphus. aa. Abdomen not margined. Stictocranius. LXIX. EriA';sTnii;Tns (Irav. ISOIi. (Gi-., "ca.sily porceivcd.") , Ton species of this genus an- listed by Tascy, Inc. ciL; nine of which he dcscrib&s as new. Two of tlie ten liaxc been taken in the State. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF EU.ESTHETI'S. 11. Elytral suture distinctly shorter than thorax; color pale reddish-browu ; length 1-1.2 mm. S86. flobid.e. aa. Elytral suture as long as thorax; color piceous; length 1.2-1.5 mm. 887. americanus. 886 (2474). Bu^sthetus florid^ Casey, Contrib. Coleop., I, 1884, 21. Elongate, slender. Pale reddish-brown ; finely and sparsely pubescent. Head slightly \\ider than long, rather coarsely, not closely punctate. Tho- THE SHOKT-WINGED SCAVEXGEE BEETLES, 4oO rax widest just behind the middle, where it is a little broader than long and slightly broader than head; disk, as well as that of elytra, coarsely and rather sparsely punctate. Elytra at base equal in width to thorax, the su- tural strife deep. Abdomen smooth, strongly margined toward the base. Length 1-1.2 mm. Floyd County : rare, ilay 24. Two specimens taken by Dury while siftiijg. and now in his collection. SS7 (2480). Ev.ESTHETUs AiiEBicA^;rs Eriehs.. Gen. Spec. Staph., 1S40. 747. Elongate, rather robust. Piceous or very dark reddish-brown; an- tennae and legs paler. Head slightly wider than long, nearly as wide as thorax, coarsely and rather closely punctate. Thnrax one-third broader than long; sides broadly rounded to behind middle, theme rapidly converg- ing to base : disk coarsely and closely punctate. Elytra at base one-half wider than thorax, finely, evenly and rath.er closely puuetate. Abdomen at base as wide as elytra, rather finely punctate. Length 1.2-1.5 mm. Lake and Kosciusko counties; rare. ]\Iay 2.3-June 2-5. Taken by sifting debris from margins of sphagnum bogs. Oue species of Edaphus is laio\\Ti from near "Washington. D. C. Alabama and Louisiana, and one of Stittocraniux from the former locality. The^' resemble members of the family Pselaphidae very closely and occur under old leaves and in nests of ants. Siil)famil}- Mil. OXYPORINAE. Elongate, robust species having the antenns 11-jointed. ins(-rted under the side margin of the front : head very large, usually wider than thorax : eyes small, not prominent; mandibles long, crossing at an angle; mentum with a bifid tooth at middle; last joint of labial palpi very large, lunate ; middle coxae at the sides of the breast : tarsi JSve-jointed ; abdomen strongly margined. The subfamily is represented by the single genus : LXX. OxTPOEUS Fab. 1702. rf4r.. "to run."") This genus, sufficiently characterized above, is represented in the United States liy 13 nominal species, eight of which have been taken or probably occur in Indiana. All of the species feed upon llcshy fungi. The^- are treated b^- ■ l,-Confe.---In Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. VI. Is77. 211-215; VIIL 1880. 180. KEY TO IXDIAXA SPECIES OF OXTPORFS. a. Elytra with the sides finely rugose : black ; elytra pale, suture and sides black ; tibia' and tarsi pale. femobaus, aa. Elytra polislied, with the usual strisf and punctures. 460 FAMILY XT. STAPH YLINIDiE. b. Legs black. c. Sides of thorax feebly rounded ; elytra pale, with suture, sides and a narrow stripe black. majok. «■. Sides of thorax much rounded ; elytra wholly black. 888. STYGICUS. 66. Legs yellow. (/. Col(jr above wholly or in great part black or piceous. c. El.vtra in part at least dull yellow. f. Suture and sides of elytra black. 889. vittatus. ff. Suture and outer apical angles black. fasciatus. ct: Ii:iytra wholly black ; under surface pale yellow. bicolor. del. Color above reddish-yellow. (/. Sides of elytra fuscous. 890. latekalis. gg. Spot on head, two (ru thorax and part of dorsal surface of ab- domen, black. 891. occipitalis. 0. fciiKii-alis Grav., 7-7. o mm. and 0. major Grav., 9 mm. in length, have both been recorded by Dury from C'incinnati. 888 (21192). OxYPORi's sTY(iU'iis ,Say. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV, 18;!4. 4.59; iliid. II, .575. Elonsate. rather robust. Black, strongly shining ; antennse piceous, joints 2 to .1 and the tarsi reddish-brown. Thorax widest at middle, thence much narrowed to base, sides strongly jnunded; surface, as well as that of head, smooth. Elytra together one-half wider and one-third longer than thorax, each with a subsutural and two discal striiK, the former finely, the latter more coarsely punctate, and witli a number of coarse, scattered punc- tures intervening. Abdomen at base slightly narrower than elytra, smooth. Length U.5-8..") mm. Southern half of State; frequent. June 11-Noveniber 4. 889. (2(i9:-;). OxYPOEUs VITTATUS Grav., Mon. ("ol. Micr., IXOC, i;»5. Oblong, robust. Black or piceous. shining; elytra dull clay .vellow, the suture and a stripe on sides, gradually widening from humerus to apex, black ; legs and base of anteume reddish-yellow. Head slightly wider than thorax, the base very tiiiely and sparsely i)unctate. Thorax one-half wider than long, sides strongly curved, the base much narrower than apex, disk smooth. Elytra one-third wider and distinctly longer than thorax, with a sutural and two discal rows of rather tiue punctures and a number of coarser scaltcrcd ones. Abdomen as wide as elytra, smooth, the tip of the last segment pale. Length .".."i-O mm. Lake and Vigo counties; frequent. July 2-0ct()bei' 9. Occurs especially in clumps of overlapping fungi at liase of gtumps. 0. fasciaiiis Melsh. and 0. hivdlur Fauv., are in all probability only color varieties of rillaius. 1 have included them in the key, that the variation may lie noted, though authentic specimens of neither are in the collection at hand, THE SIIOIiT-WJXCUD SCAVEXOEII BEETLES. 461 S0(_) (2696). OxYPOKUS latekalis Gray., Muii. C mm. Lake and Putnam counties; scarce. October 7-Xovember 9. Taken on the latter date beneath partly bni'ied logs, and probably hibernates. S91 (2r;02). OxYPOECS OCCIPITALIS Fauv., Mars. Abeille, I, 18(i4, 369. Form of iiitcralis. Color in part given in key. Elytra black, each with a triangular basal spot reddish-yellow; abdomen with a small black spot on middle of second and third, and a much larger one on fourth and fifth, dorsal segments. Thorax one-third wider than long, sides strongly curved. Elytra with rumerous very coarse punctures between the sutural and diseal stria'. Length 6 mm. Lake, ^Marion aiid Vigo counties; seari e. October 7-October 20. The elytra are sometinaes colored very nearly as in latiralis, but are much more coarsely punctured than there. This may also prove to be only a color variety of vitiatus. Subfamily IX. OXYTELINAE. Small, usually slender species having the antennje 11- (rarely 10-) jointed, inserted under the sides of the front, the latter more or less prolonged before the eyes ; front eoxiv usually large, conical and prominent; middle coxiv contiguous (separatect in O.ri/trlit.'i). The subfamily as above defined is separated into six tribes, four of which are represented in Indiana. KEY TO I>;UIANA TRIBES OF OXY'TKLIN.E. «. Front coxa- conical, prominent. /(. Head without ocelli or simple eyes. e. Abdomen margined. Tribe I. Oxytelini, p. 462. re. Abdomen not mnrKined; form cylindrical. Tribe II. Osoriini, p. 473. Vb. Head with two ncelli usually placed on a line jiiining the hind mar- gin of the eyes; form broad and deiiressed; elytra usually covering half or more the length of abdomen. Tribe III. Omaliini, p. 474. na. Front coxie trans^er-^e : head without ocelli; |ir:]stcrnum horn-lilie be- hind the coxic. Tril)e W. Proteinini, p. 4S2. ir;2 FAl\rTLY XI.- -bl-\ L'll ^ UiiN I n/li. Tiibe T. OXYTBLINI. In this tribe tlie antennas are more or less elbowed ; first joint of maxillary palpi short; second ventral without ridges ; tarsi in all of our genera but one, three-jointed. The following genera are known to be or arc [)i'i>l)ably represented in th.' State: KEY TO INDIANA GENEKA OF OXYTELINI. (/. Antennae lO-jointed ; eyes very large ; tarsi 5-jomte(i. IjXXI. Meoalops. (lu. Antenna,' ] l-jciintcii ; tarsi 3-jointed. /). Frcmt tiliia' niDre or less spinous on outer margin. c. Front tibia> with two rows of spines; body subcylindrical ; an- tennae strongly elbowed. LXXII. Bledius. CO. Front tibi;e with a single row of spines ; body depressed. d. Middle tibiae also ^^-ith a single row of spines. Platystethus. eld. Middle tibiae without spines ; middle coxfe not contiguous. LXXIII. Oxytelus. hh. Tibia; all pubescent and without spines. e. Scutellum not visible. LXXIV. Teogophlceds. ce. Scutellum visible. f. Head strongly constricted behind ; body glabrous. LXXV. Apooeixus. ff. Head not constricted behind: bndy pubescent; last joint of max- illary palpi awl-shaped. Thinobius. LXXI. ]\rEGALOPS Dej. 1S88. (Gr.. "big + eye.") )Short robust species, resembling those of Oxy- porus in form, having the eyp.s larger than in Stemis; thorax coarsely and irregularly punc- tured and marked with a few transverse furrows on the sides. (Fig. 1()6.) S92 (2685) . Megalops c.eiatus Gray., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 107. Elongate-oblong, robust. Black, shining; elytra «'ith an oblique reddish stripe, extending from hume- iotes\n<:hs. ' T °a" (After '''^^ *^o suture at apex ; legs and antennae reddish-brown, Spedra ^ ^°""' ^"''"' ^^^ latter shorter than head, the last joint very large, lusci.ns. Head widei' than thorax, coarsely, sparsely and nigiisejy punctate. Thorax subcylindrical, as wide as long; disk with a number of lar-c- tul>ercles in addition to the coarse punctures. Elytra one-third wider and slightly shorter than thorax, very coarsely, roughly and Irregularly punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, almost smooth. Length 4—1.5 mm. Posey County; rare. Jlay 7. O.vni'^ beneath bark of fungus covered beech logs. riM-, siiDiri-w'fXfiicn sciu'UXfiia; iiKJiTLics. 4fl3 893 (2686). Megalops elfipes Lee, X. Spec. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 51. Resembles cmlatus. Elytra each with a small red spot on humerus and another at the inner apical angle. Head and thorax punctate as in cwlatus, the thorax with two impressions each side. Elytra much smoother, the disk with two abbreviated rows of coarse deep punctures. Length 3 mm. KJnox County ; rare. June 9. One specimen from beneath, bark at edge of cypress swamp. Described from Georgia. LXXII. Bledius Leai-h. 1882. (.\_ proper name.') Elongate, slender, subcylindriral species having th(^ tarsi 3- jointed ; head sniallrr and narrower than thorax, base scarcely con- stricted ; middle eoxje contiguous ; front tibiae with two rows of fine spines on outer side. The genus is a very large one, and the species exceedingly difticult to separate. The great majority of the North American species of this and the other genera of Oxytelini are treated in the following papers : LeCo)ife. — "On certain Genera of Rtaphylinidee, a.s represented in the Fauna of the United States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VI, 1877, 213-248. Cnseij. — "Coleopterological Notices." in Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., V, 1SS9, 41-89 ; VII, 381-398. LeConte divides the species into five groups, four of which are probably represented in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA GROUPS OF BLEDIUS. a. Thorax without an edge on sides or prosternal sutures beneath. Group A. aa. Thorax with the edge on sides well defined. 6. Prosternal sutures distinct. c. Fissure at side of front coxal cavities short, closed. Group B. re. Fissure of front coxal cavities open and large, extending two- thirds the distance from the coxa to the side. Group C. hi). Prosternal sutures obliterated; tissures of front coxal cavities short, closed ; hind angles of thorax obtuse. Group D. Geoxjp a. Rather large brownish-yellow species, not shining, finely gran- ulate, not strongly punctured. Thorax broader than long, truncate in front, sides parallel, suddenly and strongly narrowed from middle to base; hind angles wanting, disk with a distinct median line. Two of the seven species recognized by LeConte have been taken in Illinois and doubtless occur in Indiana. They are : B. gularix Lee, 7.5 mm. in length, having the head, suture, diago- nal tip of elytra and last two abdominal segments blackish; gula [30—23402] 464 FA5IILY XI. STAPHYIJNIDiE. with a very deep triangular exeavation, and B. palUpr iiiiis Say, 9 nim. in length, with head hlaeki-ih. suture and tips of elytra fuscous; gula with a shallow exeavation. Group B. Small or medium-sized ,si)ei-'ies having the side margins of thorax acute, the Hank's coneiivi'; mandibles stout, strongly toothed near the tip; rows of spines on front tiliia' widely separated. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF GROI'P B. (/. Side pieces of prosteruuni very distinctly triangular, the sutures di- rected to tlie front angles of the thorax. &. Head coarsely punctured; chestnut brown, shining; elytra and legs paler. semiferbuoikeus. hi). Hend not or obsoletely punctured; thorax not wider than long, i-oarsely punctured; chestnut brown, elytra and abdomen reddish- brown. 804. rUMATUs. (la. Side pieces of i)ri)Sternum not triangular, the sutures parallel with the side margin iif the under surface or flank of thorax, c. Eeddish-brnwn ; head and thorax darker; tip of abdomen blacl;. Siiri. ANAIJS. cc. Blackish-brown; elytra, antenna; and legs brown; dorsal impresse 1 line of thorax wanting. nitidicoi.lis. B. semifrniifjiiifus Lee., 4.5 in length, occurs from Michigan to Florida and has been taken near Cincinna'ti. No authentic speci- men ha,s been seen from the State. X!t4 (2719). Bledius fumatus Lee.. X. Sp. N. Ainer. Col., I, ISO.'l. 52. Elongate, robust, subej-lindrical. Dark chestnut or reddish-brown, shin- ing ; head and thorax piceous, legs and tip of abdomen paler. Head finely granulate, sparsely and hidistinctly punctulate. Thurax not wider than long, sides strongly rounded into base; disk coarsel,\- and rather closely punctate, the median line deep. Elytra slightly wider and more finely punctate than thorax. Al)dcimen at base narrower than elytra, sparsely punctate above, more finely beneath. Length ri..")-6.5 mm. Lake, Kosciusko and Vigo counties; rare. May 30-July IS. S'.iri (2723). Bledus analis Lee. X. Sp. X. Ainer. Col., I, isii:!. 52. Elongate, slender, sul)eylindrical. I'ale reddish-brown; head, thorax and tip ol' abdomen black; elytra fusec.us about the scutellum and along the suture to middle. Ile.id finely granulate, sparsely and finely punctate. Thorax as wide .as long, sides straight to behind middle, thence strongly rounded into base; disk not granulatc\ ci>nrsely and rather closely punc- tate, the median line fine but distinct. Elytra deeply and rather closely punctate. Abdomen nearly smooth above, sparsely punctulate beneath. Length 4 mm. Lake, Putnam and Dubois counties; scarce. May I'J-July 10. Occurs under cover along llie banks of streams and lakes. THE SHORT-WINGED SCAVEXGEE BEETLES. 465 B. idtidicoUis Lee, 3 mm. in length, is recorded from New York, IMiihigan and Missouri. Group C. Small or medium sized forms having the side margin of thorax acute ; prosternal sutures straight ; mandibles with two acute teeth on the inner side ; fissure of front eoxal cavities open and large. KEY TO IXDIANA SPECIES OF GSOUP C. a. Head and. thorax finely granulate, the (rornier flattened. 6. Size larger, 6-6.5 mm. ; median fovea of head very large ; elytra red- dish-brown, fuscous near scutellum. 896. boeealis. 66. Size smaller, not over 4 mm. c. Head not punctate ; elytra piceous ; length 3.5 mm. 897. STABILIS. cr. Head punctate; elytra reddish-brown. { front extended forward in a short. sharp process; length 2.5-3 mm. 904. insigxitls. ec. A'ertex convex, feebly channeled, f. Front polished ; dorsal grooves of thorax distinct ; length 1,7-2 mm. 905, suspectis. ff. Front opaque ; dorsal grooves obsolete ; length 2.3 mm. 906. PLACITSINrS. 468 FA JULY XI. — STAPH YLlNID.Ii;. ««. Thorax very finely strigose, quite oiinque. .(/. Dcrsal segments of nbitomen densely punctate; front tibiae obliquely emarginate on the outer side; length 1.7 mm. tetracaeinatu.s. gg. Dorsal segments smooth ; front tibire slender, truncate at tip ; grooves of thorax feeble; length 1.5-1.8 mm. 907. exiguus. 902 (2749). OxYTELUs sculptus Gr.iv., Mon. Col. Micr., 1806, 191. Elongate, subdepressed. Piceous ; legs and base of antemise dull yel- low. Head small, narrower than thorax, finelj' and densely punctate and with a slight median groove on vertex. Thorax elliptical, angles all rounded ; disk rather closel.v punctured and with three entire grooves, the sides some- what concave. Elytra slightly wider and one-half longer than thorax, rather coarsely and roughly punctate. Abdomen very finely and densely punctate. Seventh ventral of male with two narrow, deep notches, the median lobe broad, truncate. Length 3.5-4 mm. Jlarion County; scarce. April 14. 0. rugosus Eriehs., occurs in Canada, JFassachusetts and Penn- sylvania, and probably in northern Indiana. 903 (2752). OxYTELUS PENNSYLVAKicrs Er., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840. 792. Elongate, depressed. Dark reddish-brown to piceous, shining; elytra dull clay yellow ; legs and basal joints of antenna^ paler. Head slightly narrower than thorax, finely and rather closely punctate, the vertex rugose ; frontal margin broadly curved and elevated. Thorax three-fourths wider than long, sides rounded into base; disk finely and rather sparsely punc- tate, the median groove distinct, the two outer ones faint. Elytra slightly wider and one-third longer than thorax, finely, sparsely and rugosely punc- tate. Abdomen at base narrower than elytra, almost smooth. Male with two slight tubercles on hind margin of seventh ventral and head wider and more quadrate behind the eyes than in female. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. jMarshall, Putnam and Clark counties; scarce. April 17- June 24. 004 (27.")n). OxYTELUs INSIGNITUS Grav., Mon. Col. Jlicr., ISOC. ISS. Elongate, subdepressed. Black or piceous, shining; thorax dark red- dish-brown ; elytra and base of antenn.Tj dull yellow ; legs paler. Head of male wider than thorax, quadrate, nearly smooth, strigose each side behind the eyes; of female, not as wide as thorax, rovmded behind the e.ves. sparse- ly and finely punctate. Thorax truncate at apex, front angles almost rect- angular, sides rounded into base; disk rather coarsely and sparsely punc- tate, with three deep grooves, its sides concave. Elytra slightly wider and distinctly longer than thorax, finely and rather closely punctate, and finely longitudinally rugose. Abdomen minutely granulate, not punctate. Length 2.5-.S mm. Throughout the State; fref|uent. January 5-October 4. Oc- curs in fungi, beneath liark and dead leaves. The mandibles of the male ai'c very long, .slender and scythe-shaped. THE SHORT-WlX(iKr) Sl'A VF.XOER BKETLES. •169 005 (97ir. ). OxYTELUs sfSPia-ii's Ciisey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Si-i.. \'II, l.S'.i;!, 395. Elongate, slender, parallel. Black, sliining ; eljiira piceous ; legs fus- cous yellow. Head about as wide as thorax, male, distinctly narrower, fe- male, finely and sparsely punctate, the vertex with three slightly impressed grooves. Thorax one-half wider than long, sides rounded into base; dislc coarsely, rather closely and rou,i;hly punctate, with three grooves, the me- dian one narrow, the others broad and shallow. Elytra slightly wider and one-third lunger than thorax, sculptured as in »/(. ....... j< . ....- Citsi'ij. — "A Preliminary Monotjr'iiph of the North American Species of Trogophloeiis," in Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 1889, 322-383. The following species have been taken or perhaps occur in the State. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF TEOGOPHLCEUS. ((. Thorax with a deep transverse curved or lunate groove near the base. 7;. Color dark rcildish-brown ;, legs pale. 908. arcifek. hi). Color black ; legs and antenii:i' black ; thorax widest before the mid- dle. ANTHRACINI'S. u(i. Thorax without a curved groove near base, but usually with a length- wise groove on basal half each side of a slightly raised median line, c. Eyes large, convex and prominent, the distance from their hind mar- gin to base of head less than one-third their diameter. d. Thorax subhexagonal, widest one-third behind apex, the sides thence converging and nearly straight to base; its disk broadly impressed on side ; length 3-3.2 mm. 909. quadeipunctatus. dd. Thorax rounded in front, widest just in front of middle, sides thence converging to base ; disk not flattened on the sides ; length 2.5 mm. 910. memnonids. CO. Byes small, much less prominent, the distance from their hind mar- gin to base nearly as long as or longer than the eyes. e. Elytra chestnut brown or paler. f. Larger, 2.6 mm. ; thorax coarsely and sparsely punctate. PHIXBOPOEINUS. ff. Smaller, not over 2 mm. ; thorax densely and finely punctate. 911. POSETENSIS. cv. Elytra black or piceous. g. Elytra distinctly longer than thorax ; surface not opaque ; an- tennae shorter than head and thorax ; length l.S-2 mm. 912. AGONUS. gg. Elytra not longer than thorax ; surface strongly granulate and opaque; length .6 mm. beachypteeus. 008 (2770). TBOGOPiii.ucrs aeoifee Lee, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, VI, 1877. 245. Elongate, rather robust, convex. Uniform dark reddish-brown; legs and antennae slightly paler. Head three-fourths as wide as thorax, coarsely, deeply and rather sparsely punctate. .Viitennie longer than head and tho- rax, the outer joints thickened. Thorax one-half wider than long, widest just in front of middle, the sides thence curving to base ; disk coarsely, deeply and rather closely iiunctate. Elytra one-third wider and one-half longer than thorax, coarsely but not densely punctate. Abdomen almost as wide as elytra, rather finely and sparsely punctured. Length 2.S mm. Fountain County ; rare. August 17. The specimen at hand has the legs, antenna' and abdomen but slightly paler than elytra; other- wise it agrees with the description of the type. THE SlIOKT- WINGED SCAVENGER BEHTI.KS, 4(1 T anlhrachnift Casey. 2.S mm. in length, was described from Kentuclojr and Virgjinia. 909 (2773). Trogophlceus quadkipukctatus Sny. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc, IV. 1X34, 459; ibid. II, 575. Elongate, rather robust, convex. Black, strongly shining ; antennse and legs piceous ; knees and tarsi paler. Head one-third narrower than thorax, finely and rather densely punctate. Antennse longer than head and thorax, second and third joints equal. Thorax two-thirds wider than long ; disk finely and densely punctate, flattened on the sides and with four distinct impressions on basal half. Elytra distinctly wider and one-half longer than thorax, coarsely, rather sparsely and deeply punctate. Abdomen slightly narrower than elytra, minutely granulate. Length 3-3.2 mm. Kosciusko. Starke, ^Tarshall and Lawrence counties; scarce. June 2-t-Angust 22. Talcen by sifting damp vegetable debris. 010 (277(.! ) . Trogophixeis wemnonixis Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 806. Elongate, slender. Black, shining; antennte pieeous, the two basal joints and legs reddish-brown. Head slightly narrower than thorax, minute- ly and densely punctate. Antenme as long as head and thorax, joints two to four decreasing in length. Thorax one-half wider than long, base much narrower than apex; disk finely and densely punctate, the Impressions on basal half shallow. Elytra slightly wider and one-half longer than thorax, deeply, rather coarsely, not closely punctate. Abdomen narrower than ely- tra, very finely granulate, minutely and sparsely punctate. Length 2.5 mm. ilarshall and Putnam counties; rare. ]Marcli 20-;\Iay 20. Taken from beneath dead leaves at margin of lake. The impressions of thorax are somewhat interrupted at middle so as to appear four in number. T. pJilcBoporinus Lee, a very slender, coarsely and sparsely punctate species, is known from Illinois and Iowa. 911 ( ). Trogophlceiis posbyeksis sp. nov. Elongate-oblong, rather slender. Reddish or fuscous brown, the head and apical half of abdomen darker ; elytra dark clay yellow ; antennre pic- eous, the basal joint and legs pale yellow. Head as wide as thorax, con- vex, very finely and densely punctate. AntenniE longer than head and tho- rax, the outer joints distinctly thickened. Thorax scarcely wider than long, widest one-third from apex, thence feebly curved to base ; disk finely and densely punctate, flattened on sides and with four rounded impressions on basal half. Elytra together broader than long, one-third wider and one- half longer than thorax, very finely and rather closely punctate. Alxlomen distinctly narrower than elytra, minutely and sjiarsely punctate. Leiiirlli 1.8 mm. Pose.v County: rare. June 3. Taken by sifting a decaying beech stump. 472 FAMILY XI. — STAPH Y UNI] ).E. 912 (0744). Trogophlceds agonus Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., IV, 1889, 356. Elongate, slender. Piceous, feebly shining ; abdomen black ; legs and antennae dark piceous brown. Head scarcely narrower than thorax, wider than long;, rather finely, deeiily and densely punctate. Thorax one-half wider than long, widest just before the middle, sides feebly curved, apex much wider than base; disk densely and somewhat coarsely punctate and with two distinct parallel impressions on basal half. Elytra together about as long as wide, one-fourth wider and three-fourths longer than thorax, rather coarsel.y. not closely punctate. Abdomen minutely granulate, very finely and sparsely punctate. Length 1.8-2 mm. Starke and Putnam counties; scarce. ..March 20-]May 19. Sifted from damp vegetable debris. T. hrachypterus Lee. wholly dull black in hue and one of the ■smallest of the genus, occurs in numbers at Detroit, Michigan, and probably inhabits northern Indiana. LXXV. Apocellus Erichs. 1840. l,Gr., "to withdraw + \vild animal.") Rather slender glabrous forms having the head ef[ual to or wider than the thorax ; antenna arising from beneath distinct elevated frontal ridges; abdomen very broad. 013 (2782). Apoceixus sph^kicoixis Say, Trans. Amer. I'hil. S(m-., IV, ls;!4. 45.^,; iljid. II. 570. Elongate, slender, widest across the abdomen. Dark reddish-bidwu, strongly shining; head and abdomen usually darker; antenn.-e fuscous, the first three .ioints and legs paler. Head wider than thorax, its sides (ibliqiie and rounded into a distinct nw-k : surface smooth. Eyes very small; antenn;^ longer than head and thorax, the outer joints much enlarged, the second one-half the length of third. Thorax subglobular. eon- vex ; its surface, as well as that of elytra, with a few Fig. 168. y 9i scattered minute punctures bearing short black erect no son.) hairs. Elytratogether wider than long, one-third wider and slightly longer than thorax. Abdomen at base as wide as ol.vtra, thence gradually widening to the fuurtli and fifth segments; surface smooth, highly polished. Length 2.7-3 nun. (Fig. l(;s.) Southern half of State; frequent. April 8-May 13. Occurs beneath stones, logs and damp decaying leaves. The thorax varies much in color and size. TiiiNOBius Kies. 1844. (Dr., "shore -f to live.") Very small linear depressed, pubescent species having the scutel- lum visible ; the iinier apical angles of elytra broadly and obliquely THE SII0KT--\VINC4ED SCAVENOEE BEETLES. 473 rounded so as to leaA^e an angle in which the wings are visible; fourth and sixth joints of antennae smaller than the fifth and seventh. No species is at hand from the State. T fiinbriatus Lee., .7 mm. in length, dark reddish or chestnut-brown, legs slightly paler, probably occurs in the northern counties. aMbe n. OSORIINI. Rather stout, black or piceous, more or less cylindrical species having the middle coxie contiguous ; tarsi 5-jointed ; mandibles stout, not toothed; abdomen not margined. Our two genera are treated by: LeConte.—Iii Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VI, 1877, 215-216. KEY TO GENERA OF OSOEIINI. (/. Front tibhie armed with spines; body cyliudric;il, pubescent. LXXVI. OsoBius. rill. Front tibiiE unarmed; body subcylindrical, glabrous. IjXXVII. Holotrochus. LXXVI. OsoRins Latr. 1829. Head almost as wide as thorax, the front more or less flattened and sloping toward mouth; eyes small; antenn;Ti short, reaching middle' of thorax, first joint long, the others bead-like, gradually larger. This genus is represented in the State by two of the three kno\Mi North American species. 914 (2701). OsoRius PLANIFEONS Lec, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VI, 1S77, 215. Elongate, cylindrical. Black, shining; anteunte, less and elytra dark reddish-brown. Head as wide as thorax, minutely granulate, finely and sparsely punctate, front distinctly flattened. Thorax widest at apex, sides straight and distinctly converging to base ; disk sparsely and coarsely punc- tate, with a wide, smooth median stripe. Elytra narrower at base than thorax at apex, sparsely, coarsely and shallowly punctate. Abdomen as wide as elytra, finely granulate, sparsely and coarsely punctate. Length 7-S mm. Lawrence and Crawford counties; rare, ilay 17-llay 23. Oc- curs beneath stones and logs in damp places. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. 915 (2702). OsoRius latipes Grav., Mon. Col. Mier., 1S06, 108. Elongate, cylindrical. Blackish-piceous, shining, rather thickly clothed with yellowish hairs; antenn:e and legs pale reddish-brown; thorax and elytra often chestnut brown. Head as wide as thorax, rather coarsely and more closely punctate; front less flattened. Thorax as in planifrons but 474 P\M1I,Y XI. bx.'Vi-n ll.LJNMJ.r-. more closely punctured, the median smooth space more narrow. Elytra and abdomen rather closely and coarsely punctate. Length 4^5.5 mm. ThroTighont the State; freqiient in the sotithern counties, much less so northward. March 23-.July 14. Usually found burrowing in the ground beneath stones. The smaller si;^e, paler antenna and legs and more closely punctate upper surface readily distinguish it from planifrons. ^ 1 TjXXVII. Holotroohus Brichs. 1840. (Gr., " whole + ring or circle.") Small subcylindrical glabrous species having the head narrower than thorax, antennae slender with short basal joint; front tibias not spined. (Fig. 169.) 910 (2704). HoLOTEOCHUs naivicAtiDA Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1866, 376. Elongate, slightly depressed. Dark reddish-brown to piceous; antennje and legs paler. Head and thorax very J.. ,„„ „ ( finely and sparsely punctate, the latter subquadrate ; slightly thus mlmlusErkbs. wider than. long; sides almost straight; hind angles rect- eira."'^ X e'.^ttftei" angular. Elytra slightly wider and almost one-half longer Enchson.) than thorax, finely and sparsely punctate, the sutural striae distinct. Abdomen very minutely punctate above, more distinctly so be- neath. Length 3.5^ mm. Putnam and Marion counties; rare. March L!0-November 22. Taken by sifting. Tribe III. OMALIINI. Small depressed brown or piceous forms having the prosternum mcmbraiions behind the coxa^ ; tarsi 5-,jointed; second ventral seg- ment carinate at l)aso and the head with two simple eyes (ocelli). Our species are in part treated in the following pai)ers: FaiivrJ, Albert. — "Les Staphylinides de I'Amei'ique du Nord— Tlomalini," in Bull, de la Hoe. Linn., 3rd ser., vol. II, 187S. 196-255. Casrij. — ''('oleopteroldgica] Notes, V," in Aim. N. Y. Acad. Sci. VII, ISn:?, 398-433. The following genera, are probably represented in the State: KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OP OMALIINI. a. Last .ioint of maxillary palpi not awl-shaped. T). Hind tarsi with joints 1-1 unequal. e. First joint of hind tarsi much longer than second. '/. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi not longer than third, pear- sbaped. LXXVIII. Geodbomicus THE SHOET-WrXCIED SCA\ENUER BEETLES. 475 dtl. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi longer than tliird. e. Mamillary palpi with fourth joint four times longer than third. /. Elj-tra short, quadrate ; antennae without club. LXXIX. Lesteva. ff. Elytra long, extending to the apex of the third ventral ; an- tenna; with last three joints longer and thicljer, forming an elongate and slender club. Tevaees. cc. Maxillary palpi wide, short, fourth joint stout; tibire with si>inules. (/. Antenna? nearly filiform, the outer joints gi-adually and slightly thickened. h. Hind tarsi with first joint only elongated. (. Mandibles short, without teeth. LXXX. Acidota. a. Mandibles short, the right one toothed at middle. LXXXI. Aepedium. lili. Hind tarsi with fourth joint lery long, the second elon- gated but shorter thau first Amphichbotjm. gg. Antennse with joints 5-11 suddenly thicker; front of head but slightly prolonged. Tbigonodemus. cc. First and second joints of hind tarsi equally elongated. /. Front coxie large, conical and prominent. k. Antennas thickened towards apes ; tibire with spinules. IjATHEIM.EUM. kk. Autenn;ie slender ; tibife pubescent LXXXII. Olophbum. jj. Front cox» small, transverse, not prominent; fifth joint of hind tarsi equal to the others united. Ptcnoglypta. 66. Hind tarsi with joints 1 to 4 very short and equal ; elytra long. I. Tibise with fine spinules : right mandible with a tooth. LXXXIII. HOMAUUM. II. Tibiae pubescent ; mandibles not toothed. LXXXIV. Anthobium. nil. Last joint of maxillary palpi very small and narrow, awl-shaped, the third joint long, obconical ; antenuie slightly and gradually thickened; first joint of hind tarsi slightly longer than second. LXXXV. Ephelis. LXXVIII. GE()nRo:vrTrr:^ Redt. 1S.")8. i (h-.. "the earth + running over.") Rather large tiattened species having the antenna? long and slender; eh-tra covering half the abdomen: hind tarsi with joints 1 to 4 rather short, unequal, the first joint distinctly longer than second. 917 (2799). GEODBOiiicrs BEuxNErs Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., Ill, 15S; ibid. II, 102. Elongate-oval, strongly depressed. Dark reddish-brown; antennae, ab- domen and legs reddish-yellow ; elytra and abdomen both clouded with pie- eous near their tips. Head narrower than thorax, strongly excavate be- tween the eyes, finely and rather sparsely punctate. Thorax oblong-oval. 476 FA:\IILY XI. STAPIITLINfDiE. widest at midcile; sides strongly rounded, sinuate near base, hind angles rectangular; disk coarsely and ratber closely punctured, with a deep me- dian impressed line and a fovea at middle of base. Elytra at base slightly wider than thorax, reaching to fourth segment of abdomen, coarsely and rather densely punctate. Abdomen rather finely and sparsely punctate. Length 6.5-8 mm. Southern half of State, scarce; Lake County only in the north. May 11-October 20. Occurs beneath stones, moss and leaves in damp places. Usually listed as casus Brichs., but Say's name has priority. The thorax varies much in size and in the depth of the sinuation behind middle. 918 (0789). GEODBOMicrs stictus Fauv., Rev. Ent, 1889, 12G. Form of iruniiens. Black, shining; antennfB and legs and often the tip of abdomen, reddish-brown. Head narrower than thorax, front triangu- lar, narrowly impressed between the eyes, linely and sparsely punctate. Thorax subcordate, wider than long, sides strongly rounded, deeply sinuate behind, the base much narrower than apex ; disk finely and rather closely punctate, the median line shallow. Elytra at base ebris from about hill- side springs. Probal)ly occurs throughout the State. One speci- men was found cra^i-ling on the floor of Wyandotte Cave nearly one mile from the mouth. THE SHORT- WTXGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 4/7 Tcvalex rribatulus Casey. 2.7 mm. in length and pale uniform brownish-yellow thnughout, was desc-ribed from Pennsylvania. LXXX. AciDOTA Steph. 18:^1. (Gr., "sharp.") Small elongate, sabconvex species having the fourth joint of maxillary palpi scarcely longer than third ; mandibles without teeth; elytra reaching middle of abdomen, their outer apical angle rounded. One species has been taken in the State, while another may occur. KEY TO I^DIAXA SPECIES OF ACIDOTA. a. Klytral punctures coarse, arrauged in regular rows ; length 0-7 mm. CEENATA. aa. Elytral punctures finer, more or less Irregularly placed ; length 4.5- 5 mm. 020. subcakinata. A. crriiata Fab., piceons or dark chestnut-brown, antennae and legs paler, occurs in Canada and at Detroit, and probably in the northern counties of Indiana. 920 (280C). Acidota sujscarixata Erichs., fJcn. Spec. Staph., 1S40. m?<. Elongiite, snbdepressed. Dark reddish or chestnut bnjwn, shining; head, thorax and dors.-il segments of alidomen often mure or less fnsccms. Thorax sulniuadrate, a little Imiader than long; sides feebly curved, de- pressed near hind angles, which are obtuse; disk rather coarsely, deeply and sparsely punctate. Elytra at base scarcely wider than thorax, the punctures fine. dee]i and arrangcil in irre.^'ular double rows with fine raised lines between, .\bdomen as wide as elytra, finely and sparsely punctate. Length 4.5-5 mm. ilartin and Pose,^' counties; rare. April 21-iIay 6. Beaten from apple blossoms. LXXXI. Arpedium Erichs. 1838. (Gr., "flat.") Oblong, subdepressed brovsTiish or piceous species having the antennae filiform, longer than head and thorax; right mandible toothed at middle; elytra reaching usually tn or beyond middle of abdomen. Two species have been taken in the State and two others may occur. KEY TO INDIA,\A SPECIES OF ARPEDIUlt. (I. Thorax and elytra distinctly punctate. 6. Winged species; elytra long, not obliquely truncate at tips. e. Disk of thorax even, densely and rather finely punctate. !)21. cKrBATr>r. cc. Disk of thcjrax uneven, widely and deeply impressed each side. 922. scHWABzri. 478 FAMILY XT. STAPHYI.INI r),T5. 66. Wingless species; elytra very short, obliquely truncate at apex. ANGOljiRE. aa. Thorax very sparsely and obsoletely punctate; winged species; elytra much longer than thorax. tenue. 921 (2808). Arpedidm ceibatum Fauv., Bull. Soc. Linn., II, V^'f^. 224. Elongate-oval, depressed. Head black ; disk of thorax and elytra dark reddish-brown; legs and narrow margins of thorax and elytra paler; abdo- men, under surface and antenn;e, except the base, piceous. Head about one- half the width of thorax, sparsely and finely punctate. Thorax subquad- rate, sides feebly curved, front angles rounded, hind ones obtuse, base al- most as wide as apex. Elytra at base liut slightly wider than thorax, reach- ing almost to fourth segment of abdomen, coarsel.\-, somewhat roughly, not densely punctate. Abdomen smooth. Length 4..5~fi nim. Marion and Vigo counties; frequent locally. March l-October T). Occurs beneath bark of logs and dead leaves in damp places. 922 (2809). Abpedium schwaezii Eauv., Bull. Soc. Linn., II, 187S, 225. Elongate-oval, depressed. Dull brownish (or fuscous) yellow, mod- erately shining; legs, sides of thorax and elytra slightly paler; antennji' dusky, paler at base and apex. Thorax quadrate, scarcely wider than long ; sides feebly curved ; disk finely and irregularly punctate, uneven, with three or four smooth raised spaces near middle and a deep impression each side. Elytra distinctly wider and more than twice as long as thorax, coarsely, deeply, not closely punctate. Length .3.5-.".7 mm. Throughout the State; frequent. February 23-October 21. Occurs beneath cover in damp places. The Adclota suhrarhiala of my "Winter Insects." A. angularc Fauv., color and size of srhirarsii and A. te)iur Lee, blackish pieeous in hue and 4-4.5 in length, are both boreal species, taken in Michigan and probably occur in northern Indiana. AmpMcrnvm Ifcrlcollc Lee, blackish to dull reddish-yellow in hue, 3.7-5 mm. in length, occurs in abundance on flowers of f!ra- idfjus in Pennsylvania. Trifiitiiodnims siriatus Lee. is a southern form, also blackish jiiceous, smooth, shining, length 4.5 mm., which has been recorded from Cincinnati. Laihrimmim sordirlvm Erichs., dall \'ell(iw, with piceous abdo- men, 2.7 mm. in length, is also recorded from the same locality. LXXXII. Olopiirim Erichs. lS:iS. (Gr., "bold.") ()blonii-()\'iil, convex, lilack or piccdiis species having the man- ilililcs and tihiic without teeth or spini'S; antennaj slender, as lont; as head and thoi'ax; elytra covering two-thirds of abdomen. One species has been tak-en and another perhaps occurs in the State. THE SHOKT-WIXGED SCATEXGET! BEETLES. 479 KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF OLOPHBUM. a. Thorax twice as wide as long, sides broadly rounded into base and apex ; length 5-6 mm. 923. obtectum. aa. Thorax subquadrate, sides subparallel. the front angles obliquely trun- cate; length 4.5-5 mm. ROTUXDicoiiE. 923 (2828). Olopheum obtectum Ericbs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1S40, 865. Oblong-oval, convex. Uniform pleeous, shining ; antennfe, legs and very narrow margin of thorax reddish-brown. Head rather coarsely and closely punctate, with two shallow triangular impressions on vertex. Thorax coarsely, evenly, not densely punctate, often with a faint rounded impres- sion at middle of base. Elytra scarcely wider and nearly three times longer than thorax, densely, rather coarsely and evenly punctate. Abdomen smooth, its apex paler. Length 5-6 mm. Throughout the State : common. April 7-November 28. Oc- curs on fungi and beneath bark and leaves. 0. rotundicolle Sahib., is a boreal species reported from Cin- cinnati. Pycnoglypta lurida Gyll., oblong, convex. brownish- piceous, 2.8 mm. in length, is also recorded from the same locality. LXXXIII. HoiiAijcji arav. 1802. (Gr., "even or smooth.") Small elongate or oblong, subdepvessed species (Fig. diffummhuv. xio. .,^^,, . , .. „,.- . - tA Lake Superior spe- 1<0), having the ,iomts ot hmd tarsi very short and cies. equal, tibi» with fine spines ; maxillary palpi with last joint longer than third: elytra reaching to or beyond the middle of abdomen. The following have been taken or perhaps occur in Indiana. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF HOMAUni. a. Thorax even, or sometimes with two more or less obsolete impressions on the disk. 6. Sides of thorax not augulate at middle. c. Thorax very even, strongly convex ; length 2.3 mm. 924. hamatum. cc. Thorax with a faint impres.sion each side of disk. d. Elytra convex. e. Smaller, 3 mm.; black or piceous; abdomen almost smooth; elytra not striolate. HUiiEBOstM. ee. Larger, 4 mm. : reddish-brown ; abdomen strongly and densely punctate; elytra striolate. puxctiventbe. dd. Elytra sulidepressed ; thorax short, hind angles obtuse. 925. floeale. 66. Sides of thorax augulate at middle: head and thorax shining, dis- tinctly punctate. 920. fractum. aa. Thorax uneven, the disk with two distinct foveie. [31—23402] 480 FAMILY XI. — STAPHTLINIDiE. /. Head distinctly narrower tlian thorax, the latter, as well as the legs and border of elytra, reddish-brown. 927. repanddm. ■ff. Head only slightly narrower than apex of thorax, the latter black. FOEAMINOSUM. 924 (2851). HoMALiUM hamattjm Fauv., Bull. Soc. Linne., II, ISTS, 209. Oblong-oval. Dull reddish or dusliy yellow, sparsely pubescent ; head and tips of elytra fuscous. Antennae shorter than head and thorax ; the latter one-half wider than long, widest at base, sides feebly curved, disk finely and sparsely punctate. Elytra slightly wider and one-half longer than thorax, more coarsely and closely punctured than there. Hind tibiae deeply emarginate on the outer side. Sixth segment of male feebly sinuate at apex. Length 2.;l mm. ^Marion ;iiid Fonn1;iiii cnniitics ; scarce^. June 12-June 17. 77. Jiwiicrosiim Fanv. mid II . jiuiicliviiifrr Fauv., descfibcd from IN'unsylvaiiia and Missouri, doul)tlf'ss occur in Indiana. !i2r> (2.S.^4). IIoiMAi.iUM Fi.(jiiALE I'.'iyk., j\l(iu. Slapli., 1T.S9, (IT. KlouKntc-ciblong. TTuifVjrm black in- piccous, I'ccljly shining; antennie and legs reddish-brown. Thoi-ax (iiie-tliird wider than long, sides feebly curved, narr(jwly dejiressed near hind angles; disk finely, rather densely •■iiid evenly punctate. Klylrn sliglitly wider and more than twice longer than thorax, densely and finely ijunctate and faintly strigose. Abdomen minutely and Kjiarsely punclale. Length .'i-:!.5 mm. Lake and Marion counties; scnrr-o, Alay 22-November 1. This is the .spei'ies usually known a.s rufiprs Fauv. 9i'(; ■(28.''i.^]). IIOMALiUM i-iiACTUM l''auv., Hull. S(ie. Linne., II, ISTs. 21J. Oblong, convex. Dark redilish-brown, shining; disk of elytra often piceous. Head three-fourths as wide as thorax, finely and sparsely punc- tate. Thorax one-half wider than long, convex, hind angles obtuse; sides curved in front of middle, thence feebly sinuate to base; disk rather coarse- ly, not densely punctate. Elytra slightly wider, twice longer and more coarsely and sjiarsely punctate than thorax. Abdomen smooth. Length 2.3 mm. Fountain and Yigo counties; scarce. February 23-June 17. Occurs beneath baric in moist places. 1127 (2842). HoMALiuM kepandum Erichs., Gen. Sijec. Staph., 1840, S78. Elongate, slender, d(>pressed. Head, abdomen and disk of elytra pic- eous, opaque; thorax, autemue, legs and sides of elytra reddish-brown. An- (eunaj longer than head and thorax; head i-oarsely and densely punctured. Thorax slightly broader than long, sides feebly curved, sinuate behind; disk flattened on sides, finely, rather densely punctate, with two oblong imjiressions on biisal Iwo-thirds. Elylni slightly wider and two-thirds longer than llioi'ax, ((larsely, densely and rnughly pmielale. Abdomen nunutely granulale-pinictale. Length ;;..''i 4.."i nnn. Southern half of State; frequent. April IS-November 22. Occurs beneath dead leaves. THE SIXOET-WLNGED SCAVENGER BEETLES. 481 LXXXIV Anthobium Leach. 18] 9. (6r., "a flower + liv- ing on." Short and rather broad, subdepressed species having the elytra usually reaching nearly to or beyond the tip of abdomen; last joint of maxillary palpi longer than the third; tibise pubescent; hind tarsi as in Hoiiialiuiii. Two spee-ie-s have been taken and one other perhaps occur.s. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF ANTHOBIUlt. ri. Body distinctly convex; thorax not grooved; elytra ns long as or longer than abdomen, acuminate in female. 928. convexum. aa. Body feebly convex or subdepressed. 6. Thorax not grooved, sparsely and finely punctate; elytra of female truncate, not covering tip of abdomen. 929. hobni. 66. Thorax distinctly grooved ; elytra of female truncate, not reaching much beyond the middle of abdomen. pothos. 928 (2868). Anthobium convexum Fauv., Bull. Soc. Linne., II, 1S78, 201. Oblong-oval, convex. Dull reddish-yellow ; head and thorax alutaceous ; elytra shining; base of abdomen black in male. Head as broad as apex of thorax, flattened and minutely and sparsely punctured between the eyes. AntenniB not reaching base of thorax, joints 7-11 forming an elongate club. Thorax distinctly wider at base than apex, sides feebly cuived ; disk con- vex, flattened near hind angles, sparsely and very finely punctate. Elytra feebly widened from base to apex, their tips rounded in male, acute in female; surface more coarsely and closely punctate than thorax. IJength 2-2.5 mm. Steuben, Fountain. Clarion and Martin eoimties; frequent lo- cally. April 28-June 16. Occurs on flowers of black haw; especi- ally abundant on those of the red-berried elder in the marshes of ►Steuben County. Our only species of the subfamily with the elytra longer than the abdomen. 020 (2870). Anthobium hokm Fauv., Bull. Snc Linne., II, 1878. 202. Short, rather broad, subdepressed. Dull reddish-yellow, shining; ab- domen of male in great part piceous. of female ijiceous at apex. Head finely and sparsely punctate; antennre shorter than head and thorax, joints 7-10 broader than long, forming a loose club. Thorax more than twice as wide as long; sides rounded into liase and apex; disk finely and sparsely punctate. Elytra more than twice as long as thorax, (lieir tips truncate. Length 2-2.4 mm. ilartin, Posey and Crawford counties; scarce, ^lay fi-JIay 25. ^1. pothos ^lann, reddish-yellow, abdomen black, 2.5-2.8 mm. in length, is a boreal species which may occur in northern Indiana. LXXXV Ephelis Fauv. 1S78. (Gr., "on -Fa nail or stud.") Rather elongate, feebly convex, strongly punctate species hav- ing the head not constricted at base, eyes large ; third .joint of maxil- 482 FAMILY XI. — STAPHYLINID^. lary palpi truncate at apex, fourth very short, slender ; antennae short; thorax subeylindrieal ; hind tarsi with joints one and two slightly longer than three and four, which are equal. 930 (2876). Ephelis notata Lee, N. Sp. N. Amer. Col., I, 1863, 58. Elongate-oval. Black, feebly shining; legs and base of antennre red- dish-yellow ; elytra each with the apical margin and a small rounded spot at middle reddish-yellow. Thorax snbquadrate, widest at apical fourth, the sides thence almost straight and slightly converging to base ; dislv densely and rather coarsely and roughly punctate. Elytra at base one- third wider than thorax, feebly widening to tips, which are truncate; sur- face coarsely and densely punctate. Length 2.5-2.7 mm. Lake County; rare. May 25. Tribe IV. PROTEININI. Species not exceeding 3 mm. in length, having the antennae inserted under the sides of the front ; head without ocelli ; proster- num horn-like behind the front coxae, which are transverse and somewhat prominent ; hind coxae transverse ; tarsi 5- jointed. Two genera represent the tribe in the United States. The species of this tribe are treated by Fauval. — ' ' Les Staphylinides de L 'Amerique du Nord, ' ' in Bull. Soc. Linne., II, 1878, 190-196. KEY TO GENERA OF PROTEININI. a. Anteimaj with only the last joint larger; thorax always with a median impressed line. LXXXVI. Megaetheus. aa. Antennae with the last three joints larger. Protini:s. LXXXVI. Megaetheus Steph. 1881. (Gr., "big + joint") Small, broad subdepressed species, having the head much nar- rower than thorax, constricted at base; maxillary palpi short, the fourth joint slender and acuminate; antenna^ short, the last joint very large, subglobose; elytra truncate, covering more than one- half of abdomen ; hind tarsi with first four joints short, equal. One species has been taken and another perhaps occurs. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OP MEGAETHRUS. / a. Thorax black, the sides slightly angulate. excisus. aa. Thorax dull yellow, the disk brownish. 931. ameeicanus. M. excisus Lee, piceous, narrower than americanus, 2.5 mm. in length, is recorded by Dury from Cincinnati. 031 (2883). Megarthrus ameeicanus Sachse., Stett. Bnt Zeit., 1852, 149. Oblong-oval, depressed. Dusky or fuscous yellow; head black; legs dull yellow. Head narrower than thorax, finely rugose. Thorax as wide THE SHORT- WINGED SrAVEXGER BEETI^ES. 483 as elytra, moi-e than twice as wide as long, base and apex tnincate; sides rounded, widely deiuessed : margins with a small blunt tooth in front of middle and another cue-fourth from base; disk coarsely and rugosely punc- tate and with a deep entire median groove. Elytra more than twice as long as thorax, densely, coarsely and mgosely punctate. Abdomen finely and rather closely inmctate. Length 2.."! -2.7 nun. Crawford County; rare ]\Iay '2G. Cccni's in fun^i. T'rotiinis atoinariii.'; Erichs., black or lirownisli-blaek. antenna- dull yoUow, length 1-1,3 nmi.. ha,s l)(>en recm-ded t'l-om near Cin- cinnati and Detroit. Subfamily X. PIESTINAE. Elongate, slender, parallel species, i-esembling Cncujids in gen- eral appearance and. like them, living beneath bark. They have the antennse inserted under the sides of the front, straight, with the outer joints slightly thickened; thoracic spiracles covered; pro- sternum wholly of a horn-like texture; front coxa? globular. The North American species of this subfamilv and the next are treated by ' : ' \^t^ LcConte.—In Trans. Amer. Ent. Soe.. VI, 1S77. 249-252. Fanvel — lu BiiU. Soe. Linne., 'II. 187S. 1(37-1SS. The following genera of the subfamily are probably represented in the State : KEY TO ikdia>;a geneka of piestix.e. a. Abdomen not margined. 6. Tarsi 5-jointed; front coxa? separated. LXXXVII. LiSPi>"rs. 66. Tarsi 3-joiuted ; front coxa? contiguous. LXXXVIII. Gltptoma. aa. Abdomen margined : tarsi 5-.1ointed ; front coxse contiguous. c. Front tibife not spinose. (/. Abdomen widely margined. Tsiga. mm. linearis. Fig. 171. Lupinwi " . . . anffustotiK Erichs- X aa ("'hestnut bnnvn ; front with two shallow impressions; 7. A Madagascar spe- length 2.5 mm. 932. exiquus. ^^j ^^'^ ^'^- 484 FAMILY Xr. STAl'ITYLINri)^!". L. linearis Erichs. is a southn'estern species which has been re- corded from Ciucinnati. 932 (2SS7). LispiNus extguI's Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., ]S40, 830. Linear, parallel. Uniform chestnut brown, shining, not punctate. Head almost as wide as thorax. Thorax subquadrate, narrowed at l)ase; disk doei)l.v impi'cssed each side in front of hind angles, which are rectangular. Elytra togetlicr as wide as and one-third longer than thorax, each with a distinct dorsal puncture near middle. Alidomen narrower than elytra, minulely alutaceous. Length 2-2.ri nmi. I'arke (Vninty ; rare. May 13. LXXXVIII. Glyptoma Erichs. 1840. (Gr., "sculpture-F joint.") Small elongate brownish forms having (in our spe- cies) the thorax and elytra carinate; abdomen not margined; tarsi three-,] ointed. (Pig. 172.) 033 (2893). Glyptoma costale Erichs., Gen. Spec. Staph., 1840, 909. Elongate, slender, parallel. Dark chestnut brown, opaque. Antennae reaching middle of thorax. Head margined, the yertex with elevated lines. Thorax subquadrate, front an- gles prominent, disk witli six carinje, the outer ones close Fi" 172 Gij/D- ^^ margin. Elytra slightly wider, scarcely longer than tho- loma crasnmrne Er- rax. each with four cariuse: intervals minutely punctate. ichs. X 10. A South American species- First five segments of abdomen with elongate granules on (After Erichson.) their hind margins. Length 2-2.5 mm. Throughout tlie State; frequent. INFarch 28-.lune 16. Taken liy sifting decaying wood. Triga picipcnnis Lee, hlaclcish-pici^ou.s. antennaa and legs paler, length 8 mm., is known from near Detroit. Michigan and Kansas. Elcu.'iis jiallidiis Lee, reddish-brown and shining, length 3.5 mm., lives in ants' nests at various jioints in the Eastern United States and doubtless occui's in the State. Siagoniu)ii amcriranvin IMelsh., reddish-yellow, feebly shining, head and thorax very finely punctate, length 4-6.5 mm., and S. puvclatum Lee, 4-6 mm., black or dark cliestnut-brown, head and thorax coarsely punctate, also have a range which includes Indiana. Subfamily XI. MICROPEPLESfAE. Small sub(|uadrate species having the anteunte 0-jointed, in- serted under the sides of the front and in repose received in pro- sternal cavities; front coxir transverse, not prominent; hind eoxa3 THE FEATHER-WINGED BEETLES. 485 roanded, widely separated by the broadly dilated second ventral segment; tarsi three-jointed. Several species of the genus Micropeplus have a range which may include Indiana. Thej have the abdomen margined and head, thorax and elytra costate, much as in Ghjptoina. M. cribatus Lee, blackish with the next to last segment of abdomen carinate above ; the costae of elytra sinuate, intervals coarsely punctured, length 2 mm., has been taken near Cincinnati. M. iesserula Curtis, sixth segment not carinate, body black, shining, length 1.5-2 mm., is a boreal species known from ^lichigan. Family XII. TRICIiOPTERYUID.E. The FE.\THEK-^VTNGED llliETLKS. This is a small family of nnniitc beetles, the l;n-ges1 of which scarcely exceeds a pin-head in size. They live iu rotten wood and dung, on fungus covered logs and in ants' nests, and comprise the smallest of known beetles. The name is derived from that of the typical genus, Trirh(ij>tcr!j.r, a term meaning "hairy-winged," the inner wings, when present, being long, narrow and fringed with long hairs, or feather-like in appearance. The memljers of the fapiily have the maxilhe exposed at the base, whicli is large, with two lobes, the outer one hooked; palpi 4-.jointed, the last joint needle-shaped; antennas usually 11-jointed, inserted on the margins of the front, the joints with whorls of long hairs, joints 3 to 7 slender, S-11 thicker, forming a loose elongate club; thorax with the side pieces distinct ; elytra often abbreviated ; inner wings as above described; abdomen with six or seven free ventral segments; front coxee subglobular, prominent, contiguous; middle coxse oval, separated; hind ones transverse, more or less separated; tarsi 3-jointed, the last joint with two eijual simple claws. Aboat 75 species, distributed among 18 genera, are known from North America. Of these but S have been taken in Indiana, though a number of others doubtless occur, and the genera are therefore included in the key which follows : The principal and practically the only reference works aj-e as follows : Matthews, Rev. A. — "Triehopterygia lUustrata et Descripta," London, 1S72. l]ii(J_ — "S\ii(ipsi.s of North Aiueriean Trieli()|iteryyida'," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XI, 1S84. 113-156. Nanosella. Ptilium. II. Ptenidium. thorax larger than III. LiMULODES. 486 FAMILY XII. TEICHOPTERYGID^. KEY TO INDIANA GENEBA OF TRICHOPTERYGID^. a. Elytra entire. &. Thorax widest at base. c. Pygidium invisible ; form oval, very convex ; color dark. I. N0S8ID1UM. cc. Pygidium visible beyond the elytra; hind angles of thorax not elongate ; form elongate ; color pale. 6&. Thorax widest before the base. d. Pygidium visible beyond the elytra. eld. Pygidium invisible. (la. Elytra truncate. c. Antennse very short, 9-jointed ; eyes wanting ; elytra. v(;. Antennae elongate, 11-jointed. /. Thorax widest at the base. g. Abdomen with seven ventral segments. Pteryx. og. Abdomen with six ventral segments. , h. Hind coxos very widely separated; mesosternum scarcely cari- nate; color pale. Ptineixodes. Ml. Hind coxte moderately separated ; mesosternum distinctly cari- nate. IV. Tktchoptebyx. //. Thorax widest before the base. i. Elytra long ; mesosternum carinate ; color dark. "\'. Smickus. U. Elytra short; mesosternum not carinate. j. Body opaque ; abdomen moderate ; iiind coxte with plates. Nephanes. jj. P.ody translucent ; abdomen very long ; color pale. VI. PTINELI.A. I. NossiDiuM Erichs. 1845. (Gr., "nest + formed.") Small oval, convex species having joints 1 and 2 of antennae very large, 3-8 slender, 9-11 much thickened ; abdomen with seven seg- ments, entirely covered by elytra : metasternum not reaching the sides of the body. One of the two known species occurs in the State. 934 (2914). NossiDiUM amekicanum Jlots.. Bull. Mosc, 41, lS(i8. 191. Oblong-oval, very convex. Head and thorax piceous, strongly shining; elytra reddish-brown, rather thickly clothed with long yellowish hairs ; legs and antenna^ yellow. Thorax more than twice as wide as long, hind angles rectangular; sides rounded, distinctly margined, surface very finely and sparsely punctured. ]<"lytra not wider than thurnx, surface with rather deep, rugose punctures in sinuate transverse rows; tips broad, much rounded. Length 1 mm. (Fig. 173.) Monroe rounty; frc(iuont. iMay 13-June 9. Taken by sifting del)ris of beech stump. Fig. 173. X 34. (Original.) Probably occui-s throughout the State. THE FEATHER-WlXiIEP BEETLE?. 4S7 yanosella fungi Lee., elongate, reddish-yellow, legs and anten- na? paler, length .3 of one mm., has been taken near Cincinnati. It is the smallest of North American beetles and occurs in powdery fungi. Ptiliuni collani ^lakl.. oblong, pitehy-blact. length .7 of one mm., may al-e. or n-ne. 6. Color black, shining. tJie tips of elytra yellowish. '.i:;.". prsiuXM. bb. Colur dull .vt'liow. shining: elytra each with rvvn blacki-^h stripes. 936. LTXEATUM. . 935 (2929). Ptenidh m pcsillum G.vU., Ins. Snec. I. IsOS. Is9. Rather broadly ovate, convex. Blatk or pice«ius. shining, veiT siKirsely clothed with Uiil' whitish haii-s; tips of el\ti-a more or less widely reddish- yellow ; les^ and antennte dull yellow, the club of the latter dusky. Thorax much wider than long, widest ju-t behuid the middle, sides rounded, hind angles obtuse; disk deeply and sjnisel.v imnctured and with a de^ trans- verse impression each side at base near the angles. Elytra ovate, widest before the middle, with very fine remote punctures in rii\v<. Length 1 1.5 mm. Putnam County; rare. ]\Iarch 25. Taken by sifting dead leaves. ;ioO {2;t34). PTENiDruM LixE-iTi^ Lec.. X. Si'. X. AmtT. Cv].. I. ]S(^;3, 6.3. Ekingate-oblong. convex. Color :.'iven in key. Thorax slightly wider than lung, a little narrower at aijex than base, very finely punctate. Ely- tra oval, sparsely clothed with fine silken hairs. Length .4 mm. Clark County : rare. !May ti. Taken from fungi on beech log. A member of the Austroriparian fauna. III. LiiiiTX-DEs ^latthews. l^'iT. One small reddish species belongs here. It has the antennae very short and thick, joints 1 and '2 large. :^6 very small. 7—9 very large and forming an elongate club; head small, deflexed; elytra trun- cate, sliort and narrowed toward the apex ; abdomen short, with six 488 FAMILY- XII. TKICHOPTBRVf!Il)/H. segments, three of wbir-h are exposed alwvc ; prosteriiiim produced behind into a long, l)road plate, bifid at apex ; niesosternuni strongly carinate, produced into a broad, spoon-shaped process which covers the hind coxje. 037 {2U?,~t). LiMULODES PABADOXA Jluttliews, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist., N. Y., VIII, 1SG7, 409. Clinic, widest in front, very convex. Reddish- yellow, sbining, thickly clothed with a silky .^'r.-iyish pubescence. Thorax very large and convex, widest at base, sides circularly rounded in front, hind angles acute and slightly i>roduced ; surface alutaceous. lOlytra shorter aiid narrower than head and thorax, surface very finely and prettily granulate. Length 1 mm. Clark County; scarce. j\Iay 5. Three specimens from ants' nests beneath flat stones. Occurs throughout the United States. Ptirijx briunifd Lee, chestnut-brown, thorax vidth sides widest at the base, length .9 mm., and P balteata Lee, bright yellow, tho- rax with sides slightly rounded and widest before the base, length .6 nnn., may occur in southern Indiana. Pi'uiellodes Icconlii JIatth., elongate-oblong, yellow, translucent, length 1 nun., may also occur. IV Trichoptekvx Kirby. ISlil. (Gr., "feather +wing.") A large gvnus of small oblong or ovate species, having the anten- na? 11-jointed, the last three joints forming a bead-like club; head large, rather deflexed ; elytra truncate, usually short ; abdomen with six ventral segments ; hind eoxa^ moderately distinct, the outer edge expanded into a broad plate. Of the 30 or more species known from North America but two have as yet been taken in the State, though several others doubtless occur. KEY TO INDIAiS!A SPEelKS OF TRICTIOPTERYX. a. Thorax distinctly wider than elylra. 6. Thorax smooth; elytra not attemiate; color dark chestnut browu, shining; length .!> mm. glabricolus. 66. Thorax with small, rather remote tubercles or granules. c. Head and thorax black, the latter dilated; elytra dark chestnut brown; form elongate-oblong. 93S. HAi.iit:MANXi. re. Entirely black but thickly clothed with long reddish hair; thorax widest berove the base; length .!> mm. ABKrPTA. au. Tliorax scarcely or not at all widei- than elytra. (/. Hind angles acute, often produccMl. e. Head, thorax and abdomen black, elytra dark reddish-brown; length .!) mm. paraixela. re. Entirely black or fuscous black. /. Elytra widest at apex; length .S mm. aspera. THE FEATHER-WINGED BEETLES. 4S9 ft. Eljrtra with tbe sides nearly straight: tiiorax widest befuie the base: rulor fuseovis blaclj; length .9 mm. sekicans. dff. Hind angles of tliornx not acute or produced. y3'.>. mcerexs. ii:!s (2966) . Tkichopteryx haij3emaxxi Lee. List of Col. of X. Am.. ISOo. 29. Elougate-ublong, <-nnvex. t'olor given in key; surface sparsely clothed with short, pale hairs; antennte and leL;s reddish-yellow. Thorax more than twice as wide as loui.'. widest lief69). .Smicrfs filicornis I'^airm., Faun. France. I. ls."4. :!:^.S. Oblong, subparallel. Black, sparsely clothed with short yellow hairs: auteunfe and tips of elytra pale; legs .yellow. Thorax short, iiuadrale, widest iu front, feebly narrowed toward the liase. hind anL'les acute: disk c losely loveretl with minute tubercles. Elytra as long and nearl.v as wide as hejid and thorax, closel.v and minutely punctate: tips squarely truncate, leaving one-third of abdomen exixised. Length 1.2 mm. ]\Iarion County: rare. October 3!1. Taken by sifting. y( phaius Ja'i-iu.'icuhfs ]Matth.. shurt, broad, convex, dark chest- nut-brown, legs yellow, length .6 mm., may occur in sduthern Indiana. 490 FAMILY XIII. — SCAPHIDIIDii;. VI. Ptinella Mots. 1845. (Diminutive of minus.) Very small, elongate or oblong forms liaving the head large and prominent; eyes often wanting in male; antennas long and slender, each joint ornamented with long hairs; thorax small, usually more or less constricted at base; elytra short, truncate, leaving five or six joints of the long abdomen exposed ; hind coxa- widely separated. One of the three species listed has b^en taken in the State. 941 (li!)70). Ptinella gi erci's Lee, New Sp. N. Am. C'ul., I, l^K\, Ol!. Moderately elongate, narrow. M:ile pale yellcjw. female p:ile cliestuul brown; spari-ely clothed with yellowish hairs. Eyes of female rather large, those of male wanting. Thorax more than twice as wide as long, widest before the middle, constricted near base, hind angles acute, surface alu- taceous. Elytra shorter and rather narrower than head and thorax to- gether, widest toward the apex; surface remotely asperate or roughly granulate. Length .5-.G mm. One specimen taken by Dury -while sifting dead leaves near New Albany, Floyd County. ]\Iay 25. X southern form, described from Georgia. Family XIII. SCAPIIIDIID.K. The Shining Fungus Beetles. Small, oval, convex, very shining beetles which live in fungi, in rotten wood, dead leaves, or beneath the bark of logs. But little is known regarding their life history, although sonic of them are very common in every piece of woodland. When expos(>d by removing their cover of bark or other material, they either remain quiescent or move rapidly with an uneven, skipping gait. The name of the family is based upon that of the genus Hcaphidiuvu a name meaning "a little skiff or boat," on account of the fancied resemblance in form of the beetles to that of a boat, being thickest and arched in th(^ middle and nari-ow-ed tnward each end, the head small and the abdomen more or less conical and pointed. They have the mentum large, (juadratc; palpi .short, four- jointed, the last joint conical; front of head contracted and pro- longed into a short beak; antenna" either hair-like or slightly cla- vate, inserted at the margin of the front; thorax closely applied to the after body; presternum not prolongccl. the coxal c;ivities widely open behind; elytra i)roadly truncate, not covering the tip of the conical abdomen, which has six or seven visible ventral segments. The front coxa^ are rather large, conical and contiguous; middle THE SHINING FL'NGCS BEETLES. 491 coxffi small, rounded and widely separated ; hind ones oval or trans- verse, also widely separated: tarsi o-.jointed, long and slender. About 200 species of Seaphidiidoe are known, 41 of wMcli have been described from the United states. The principal literature treating of the family is a.s follows : LfConfo. — ■'Synopsis of the Si-aphidiidae of the U. S.." in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1860, 321-324. Casey. — "Synopsis of the Seaphidiidse," in Ann. N. T. Acad. Sci., VII, 1S93. 510-533; Joum. X. Y. Entom. Soc. VIII. 19(10. 55-60. Eepresentative.s of four of the seven genera comprising the family have been taken in Indiana, while those of two others may occur. KEY TO INDIANA GEXEEA OF SCAPHIDIID.E. tt. Scutellum distinct; antennae with a broad, abrupt and somewhat flat- tened 5-jointed club ; elytra! punctures in roTs s. 6. Hind tibiae not spinous ; eyes emai^inate ; hind angles of thorax acute and somewhat prolonged backward. I. Scaphidium. 66. Hind tibi£e with rows of small spines; eyes entire; hind angles of thorax not prolonged. Cypaeitm. aa. Scutellum minute or wanting ; antennae slender, without distinct club ; elytral punctures, when pieseut. scattered. c. Third antennal joint elongate and cylindrical ; scutellum usually in- visible, when present transverse. d. Body oval : sutural stria of the elytra reaching the base : hind coxae widely separated. II. B.i;oceea. dd. Body narrowed, more nr less compressed; sutural stria not reach- ing the base ; hind coxae less separated. III. ToxmicM. cc. Third antennal joint very short, wedge-shaped or triangular, nar- rowed to the base : scutellum present, minute, triangular. e. Ijength 1.5 or more mm.; hind coxal plates very short and their curve developed only on the inner side. IV. Scaphisoma. ee. Length less than 1 mm. ; hind coxal plates semi-elliptic ; antennae shorter and stouter. Scaphiomicbus. I. ScAPHiDiUM Oliv. 1791. TGr,. "tub or boat -small.") Here belong our most common members of the family, readily distinguished by the larger size, emarginate eyes and produced hind angles of thorax. The male is known by having a large, depressed, punctate and pvibescent area on the middle part of the metastemum. One species and two varieties have been taken in the State. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF SCAPHIDlIWr. a. Elytra eacli with two to four short rows of large punctures. 6. Elytra each with two transverse, reddish spots which extend Inward two-thirds the width. 942. quadbiguttatum. 402 FAMILY XIII. SCAPHIDIID^aO. 6b. Elytra black without spots. 042!i. var. piceum. iia. Elytra without coai-se discal punctures, each usually with two marginal spots of pale yellow. ' 942b. var. onuTEBATUM. *942 (2975). Scaphidium quadeiguttatum Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. ■ Sci., Ill, 1^2?,. 198; ibid. II, 126. Oval, convex, glabrous. Black, strongly shining; elytra with spots as mentioned in key. Thorax with a bisinuate row of coarse punctures near the base. Elytra with a row of similar punctures on inner half of base and two to four short rows before the middle and nearer the suture than the sides. Length 3.8^.5 mm. Frequent throughout the State. February 23- November 8. *942a (2975c). Scaphidium quadrigttttatdm piceum Melsh.. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II, 1844, 103. A color variety of guadriguttatum which is wholly shining black above. It is found associated with that species and in winter is even more frequent, being found especially beneath the bark of old, fungus-covered beech logs. (Fig. 174.) Throughout the State. January 24r-Deceiiiber 25. /■ \. Casey's mnplnm, described from Indiana, is evi- Kg. 174. x6. (Original.) deutly based on an immature piceum. 942b (2975a). Scaphidium quadeiguttatum ohliteeatum Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., I860, 322. The absence of coarse punctures on the disk of elytra and the small size of the elytral spots are the only characters given by LeConte and Casey to distinguish this form from qiiadrignttntvm. In my collection are several specimens taken in Vigo County, which have the elytra whoUy devoid of discal punctures and yet, like piceum, are entirely black. I have not seen the spotted form from the State, but the type of LeConte came from near Evansville, Indiana. In all probability Horn was right in regarding both piceum and oMiferatum, as varieties, * Casey to the contrary not- withstanding.* * Cypariiivi- flai'ipcs Lee, chestnut-brown, legs and antennae paler, length 3.5 mm., is a southern form- which Dury records from Cin- cinnati. II. B^OCERA Brichs. 1845. (Gr., "small-!- horn.") Small black or piceous species, having the third joint of an- tennse slender and cylindrical, the outer three .joints somewhat ♦Trans. Amcr. Ent. Soc, V, 1875, 132. **Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1900, S5. THE SHINING FUNGUS BEETLES. 493 enlarged, foi-ming a loose, sloiulcr ; sputelluni usually wanting but when present Ijroaclly ti-iangular. Thirteen nominal species from the United States are recognized by Casey. Of these six are Imown from Indiana. KEY TO l.XDIA.N.V SPKCIK.S OF IS.HOI'ERA. I/. Sc-utelluiu not visible. b. I^iu-ger species,, not les-s tluiii 2 mm. in length. c. Sides of thora.x feebly and evenly curved when viewed from the side; basal marginal stria of elytra entire. d. Third antennal joint very long, slender, subequal to fourth ; ely- tra sparsely but distinctiy isunctate. 943. concoixjk. (Id. Third joint much shorter and thicker; form less broadly oval; elytra smooth. 944. congener. CO. Sides of thorax strongly bent downward behind the middle; basal stria of elytra broadly interrupted ; third antennal joint long and slender. 94.5. deflexa. 66. Smaller species, never much exceediiiii 1.5 mm. in length; narrowly oval ; third antennal joint not longer than fourth. e. Elytra not punctate. f. Length 1.6 mm. ; epiniera of raesosternum extending two-thirds to COXSe. SPECULIFEE. ff. Length not over 1.3 nun.: mesnstenial ejiiniera longer and nar- rower. 946. APiCAUS. (21)S2). ScArmsoMA i'Unctolata ],er.. Pro. I'hil. Acad. Nat. Sci., INCiO, 323. Elongate-(iv;il, ccjuvex. Blaok, shining; antennas legs and tip of abdo- men reddish-brown. Aiilciinie long and slender, reaching base of thorax. Thorax twiiiKoM.\ TERMiNATA .Alolsh., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II. 1S41, 1(12. Oval, strongly cniivex. Black, highly polished, the tips of the elytra •margined with yellowish ; legs and anlcmne pale. Sixth antennal joint very hmg, more tlian equal lo the three preceding. Tliorax one-half the length THE SH1X1X(_! FLOWER BEETLES. 497 of elytra, st-arcely punctate. Elytra distinctly but sparsely punctate, the punctures finest toward the base ; sutural stria deep, a little curved. Length l.S mm. Southern half of State : frequent. 'May 1-September 20. Scaphiomicnis flavescens Casey, pale brownish-yellow, length .9 mm., was described from ]\Iiehigan. Family XIY. PIIALACRID.E. The SrnxixG Flower Beetles. To this family belong a sjiiall number of oval or roimded-oval, convex, shining beetles, having the body very compact ; antennse in- serted under or at the sides of a slight frontal margin. 11-jointed. the last three joints forming an oval club ; thorax with the side pieces not distinct; pn sternum prolonged, en- tering the emarginate mesosternum behind, the ooxal cavities open; metasternum large, produced in front; scutellum large, triangular ; eh-tra rounded at tip and entirely covering the abdomen, which has five free ventral segments. (Fig. 178. i The front coxa? are rather small and globular: middle coxa? transverse. separated by the sternum ; hind coxae contiguous, ^j^g; ^'^ j transverse and flat; tai*si 5- jointed, the fourth joint gg^")'^' '■■'''*" usually small and obscure. From the Scaphidiida; the members of this family may be InioNvn by their broadly rounded instead of truncate elytra and by the smaller and less prominent front coxa. They are less than 3 mm. in lejigth and live principallj^ on flowers, the laiwa' living in the heads of flowers, especially those of OompositsE. The adults may be taken in summer by beating or in autumn and spring by sifting. Some species, however, occur only beneath bark. The name of the family is based upon that of the oldest genus. Plwlacrus, a word meaning bald-headed and suggested probably by the rounded shin- ing aspect of these beetles. The principal literature relating tn the family is as follows: LiConie. — "Synapsis of the PhalacrichT of the Ignited States." //( Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sei., YIII. 1S:)6. 15-17. Caxei/. — '"Synopsis of Phalacrid*. " in Ann. X. T. Acad. Sei.. V, ISOn. 89-144. About 300 specie.s of the family are known, 47 of which, dis- tributed among ten genera, being listed from the TTnited States. 498 FAMILY XIV. — PHAL ACRID fl:;. Of these nine species, belonging to five genera, have been taken in Indiana, while one additional genus and two species may occur. KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF PHALACRID/E. a. AntennsB iusertect under the sides of the front, their base entirely con- cealed from above ; scutellum large ; front and hind tarsi of the same length ; spurs of hind tiblas very short. I. Phaiacbus. aa. Antennas inserted at the sides of the front, their base visible from above ; scutellum small or moderate ; hind tarsi elongated. 6. Basal joint of hind tarsi shorter than tlie second Joint. c. Apex of prosternal spine inflexed, without an acute and free edge; elytra with one or two diseal striie, the suture beaded; second joint of hind tarsi of moderate length. II. Olibbus. cc. Apex of the prosternal spine with an acute free edge, and bearing a transverse row of spinules; elytra with a single diseal stria, the suture not beaded. d. Second joint of hind tarsi elongated, very much longer than first joint, spongy pubescent beneath in male ; hind tibial spurs long, very unequal. III. Actlomtjs. dd. Second joint of hind tarsi moderate, not more than twice as long as first, finely pubescent beneath iu both sexes; hind tibial spurs small and inconspicuous. IV. Eustilbus. B6. Basal joints of hind tarsi longer than second; elytra with two diseal strise. e. Prosternal spine inflexed at apex and without terminal spinules; basal joint of hind tarsi much longer than all the other joints together. Litocheus. ce. Prosternal spine not inflexed, the edge free and acute; basal joint of hind tarsi subequal in length to the next two together. V. OCHEOUTUS. I. Phalacrus Payk. 1798. (Gr., " bald + head.") Besides the characters above mentioned, the members of this genus have a single diseal stria on each elytron and the head is marked with four or five minute f ovese each side near the eye. *955 (290.3). Phalacrus politus Melsh., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., II. 1fi44, 102. Broadly oval. Black, moderately shining; legs and antennae paler. An- tennae slender, the third joint equal in length to the two following united. Thorax twice as wide at base as-apex, feebly reticulate in wavy lines, very finely and spiirsely punctate. Elytra not narrowed toward tips, which are very brondly and evenly rounded; sutural stria complete, very fine; diseal stria fine, distinr-( ; disk with rows of fine, feeble punctures. Metastornal process wide, rounded at npex and projecting far in advance of middle coxse; prosternal process nearly one-half as wide as metasteraal. Length J.8-2.S mm. THE SHINING FLOWER BEETLES. 499 Common throughout the State ; hibernates. January 7-Oetober 6. Frequent on leaves of skunk cabbage, sedges, Peltandra, etc., in moist places in early spring. 950 (2094).. PiiALACBUs pumilio Lee, Troc. Phil. Acad. Nat Sci., VIII, 1856, 16. Resembles puJitus but smaller and more narrowly oval. Third joint of anteuniv notably shorter than fourth and fifth together. Prosternal process much narrower, not over one-third as wide as the metastemal. Elytral punctures more distant and less distinct. Length 1.4 mm. Lake, Fountain and Lawrence counties; scarce. May 17- July 1. IL Olibeus Erichs. 1845. (G-r., "slippery.") The mode of antennal insertion and the size of scutellum distin- guish this genus from Phalacrus. In our two species the elytra are of one color and have two discal striaa on each, one near the suture extending to basal third and joining the suture at apex, the second closely parallel and a little shorter. 957 (3000). Olibrds semisteiatus Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Scl., "VIII, 1856, 16. Oblong-ovate, strongly convex. Above dark chestnut-brown, highly pol- ished; beneath pale reddish-yellow, antennfc and legs of the same hue. Thorax very sparsely and feebly punctate. Elytra with two discal striae near the suture and with feebly impressed lines along the very fine rows of punctures. Length 1.8-2.2 mm. Southern half of State, frequent; less so in the northern coun- ties. Jlarch 27-October 1. Occurs on flowers of Eupatorium and Soiidago (thoroughwort and goldenrod) . Taken in spring by sift- ing. 958 (3002). Olibbds pallipes Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., IV, 1825, 90 ; ibid. II, 230. Elliptical, very convex, highly polished. Above dark piceous-brown, the head and thorax a little darker than elytra ; antennse and under parts pale brownish-yellow. Thorax with minute obsolete punctures on each side. Elytra with discal strife and rows of fine punctures as in seniistriatus but without the accompanying impressed lines along the row of punctures. Length 2.5-2.8 mm. Lake and Knox counties; scarce. July 30-August 31. Longer and more narrowly oval than the preceding. III. AcvLOMUS Sharp. ISSS. (6r., "an acorn.")' Small oval, more or less convex beetles, having the second joint of hind tarsi very much elongate and in the male spongy pubescent, as in the males of the genus Anisodactyhis of the family Carabidae. •"'OO FAMILY XIV. — PHALACRIDiE. 959 (9SS1). AcYLOMUs ekgoti Casey, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., V. 1S90, 119. Strongly convex, almost evenly elliptical, not at all narrowed behind the middle. Above black or dark chestnut-brown, strongly shining; beneath pale brownish-j^ellow. Elytra with one discal stria, this obsolete on basal third, and with rows of punctures which, near the suture, are very minute and feeble, slightly larger on the sides. Hind tarsi three-fourths as long as tibite, the second joint between three and four times as long as the basal one. Length l.S-2.2 mm. Frequent throughout the State. April 26-October 1. Occurs on leaves of skunk cabbage in early spring. 960 (9882). AcYLOMUS piceus Casey, loc. cit., p. 120. Broadly oval, distinctly narrowed behind the base of elytra. Piceous- brown, shining. Otherwise as in ergoti. Length l.S mm. Posey and IMartin counties ; rare. May ] (i-June 6. IV. EusTiLBUs Sharp. 1888. (Gr., "good -i- shine.") Small oval, convex species differing from those of allied genera by the characters given in generic key. Two species have been taken in the State, while a third may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF EL'.STILBUS. (I. Spiiiules at apex of prosternal spine long and conspicuous ; elytra either entirely pale or distinctly paler at apex. &. Elytra highly polished, not reticulate, abruptly and distinctly paler at apex. 961. apioalis. 6?). Elytra finely reticulate and pale throughout. 002. nitidus. < Casey, iJi mm. in length. v,-as described from New York. ^liehigan and Texas. LHoclirus imnwculatus t'a.sey. piceous, the suture paler, length 1.5 mm., is a southern form which may occur in the Ohio River counties. V (^CHROLiTUS Sharj). ISSO. (Gr.. "pale yellow -^ shine. ") A single species represents this genus in the Sltate. !)(■>;! (;l(Hin. OcHuou'irs ruhens Lee. Pi-nc Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. VIII. LSoC. IC. Rather broadly oval, strongly convex. I'alc reddish-yellow tln-oush- (Uit, highly imlislicd. Thorax a little more than twice .is wide as long, very siniioth. I>iscal stria' of eljlra well im|ircsscd. ohsnletc on basal ftftli. the sec-ond uniting witli tlie first near the apex. Leugtli l.s unn. Kosciusko. ^Marion and Tosey counties: scarce. June 21-De- cember 7. Family XV. CORYLOPHID.K. The Frixge-wi.vged Frxcrs Beetles. Here belong a ntunber of ininute oval or rounded beetles, which occur under damp bark or in decaying fungi and other vegetable matter. At times they Hy about in large nuinlx'rs by twilight. They have the antenna^ 9- to ll-.jointed. ending in a loose club and inserted on the front ; palpi short and four-jointed ; mandibles small, with comb-like teeth on the inner margin ; front coxa" globose, prom- inent, contiguous or nearly so : middle coxa also globose and sepa- rated by the mesosternum ; hind coxfe transverse, widely distant : tarsi 4- jointed, the third joint small, concealed in a notch of the second joint ; ventral segments six : scutellum distinct, though small : wings wide, fringed with long hairs which, however, are shorter than in the family Trichopterygida\ In many species the body is clothed with a grayish pubescence. 502 FAMILY XV. CORYLOPIIID.'E. The members of this family have been by most authors consid- ered as belonging to a subdivision of the Coecinellidse, but the form of the mandibles and the structure of the tarsi are sufficient to separate them. Moreover, they differ widely in food-habits. How- ever, they are related closely in structure not only to the Coccinel- lida? but also to the Silphida\ so that thoy are assigned a place be- tween those two families. The principal literature treating of the family is as follows: LcConte. — "Synopsis of the Corylophi," in Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 14H45. Casey. — "h'yuopsis of the Corylophidfe," in Journ. N. Y. But. Soc., VIII, 1900, 60-75. About 200 species of the family are known. Casey in his Synopsis lists 54 spe- cies, divided among ten genera, from the United Fig. 180. Antenna: of CoTi/JopAifc (After Casey.) StatCS. Of thcSe eight Spe- cies, belonging to five genera, have been taken in Indiana, while a number of others may occur. KEY TO INDIANA GENERA OF COEYLOPHID.T:. u.. Antennae 10- or tl-.iointed; thorax hood-like, completely concealing the head. 6. Body rounded, convex, glabrous; front coxse long and narrow, en- closed within deep cavities; antenna^ 11-jointed, the third joint elongate but shorter than the second. c. Head very deeply inserted within the thorax, the front margin oi' which is evenly rounded and strongly descending; post coxal plates large with rounded outline; labrum rounded and sub- quadrate. I. CORYLOPHODES. Of. Head less concealed by the overhanging margin of the thorax, but not visible from above; pctst coxal plates very short; labrum small, triangular, its apex, acuminate ; tarsi short, dilated ; hind angles of thorax acute, feebly prolonged. II. Gronevis. bh. Body oblong or oval and pubescent ; front coxte oblong or globular. <1. Hind angles of thorax distinctly prolonged backwards and acute; antenna^ tO-.iointed (Pig. 180, No. 3) ; front coxa» short, oblong. III. Sericoderus. dd. Hind angles of thorax not prolonged backwards, rectangular ; front cox;c larger, less deeply imbedded ; globular. e. Antenna' ]l-.ininted; presternum well developed in front of coxa'. /. I'.ddy eli)ni;,ili', sul)depressed, the sides subparallel ; basal joint ; thorax emarginate in front, the head in gieat part exposed; body very minute. V. Orthopercs. T. CoRYLOPHODES Matthews. ISS-'i. (Gr.. "helmet + crest.") Small rounded sjieoie-s having the hind angles of thorax slightly prolonged; front tarsi feebly dilated in males; antenn;i? as in Fig. ISO. Xo. 1, except that tlie third joint is shorter than second. 064 (30231. CoBTLOPHOPES MARGixicoLLis Lec. Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci.. A' I. 1S52. 143. Rounded, strongly convex. Blackish-piteous, shining : legs and antenna' paler. Thorax semicircular, the margin broadly transparent, and there- fore appearing yellowish ; base obtusely angulated at middle. Elytra with sparse, deeply impressed punctures. Length .9 mm. Throughout the State: frequent. April 17-October 17. On leaves or fungi in summer. Taken liy sifting in spring and fall. II. Geoxevis Casey. 1900. To this genus, as defined in key, Casey ascribed five species. The antenna; are .shown in Fig. 1m i. Xo. 2. One has been taken in the State, while two others may occur. KEY TO IXDIAXA SPECIES OF GROXEVUS. (J. Elytral punctures strong, especially on the sides; blackish, thorax paler, its margins transparent ; length .S mm. sxicncrs. 0(7. Elyti-al punctures minute and indistinct. 6. .\jitennal club blacJiisU ; body black, thorax piceous, with narrow transparent margins; length .0 mm. fuscicorxis. 6&. Antennal club pale; body dark reddish-yellow, thorax still paler; length 1 mm. 965. hespeeus. U. sticticu.-^ Casey was described from Iowa and G. fuscicorhis Casey, from Ottawa, Canada. "Xio ( 1. Groxevi s HESPERVs Casey. Journ. N. T. Ent. Soc. VIII. 1900. 64. IClongate-oval. convex. Reddish-yellow tinged with pic-eous. shining. Elytra more than twice as lon^ as thorax, its punctures very fine, almost effaced liehiud the middle. Length 1 mm. Monroe County; rare. June 9. Sifted from debris of beech stump. Known heretofore from Iowa and Nebraska. 504 FAMILY XV. — CORYLOPHID^:. III. Sericoderus Steph. 1829. (Gr., "silken + skin.") Small oblong or ovate pubescent species having the antennal club 3-.jointed (Fig. 180, No. 3) ; elytra narrowed behind, their tips truncate; tai-si slender in both sexes. One species has been taken in the State, while two others may occur. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF SEEICODEEUS. a. Elytra move strongly narrowed from base to apex. 6. Color jiale cluU yellow; thorax with a fuscous spot at apex; length .0-1 mm. FLAViDUS. 66. Elytra pieeous, yellow at tips; thorax dull yellow, the subapical spot darker ; length .8 mm. 9G0. obscuiu;s. (Id. Elytra IVcl)].^- narrowed, the form more quadrate; color pale dull yel- lOAA-; length .s mm. , subtilis. .s'. /hiridiis Lee was de.serilK^d from New York and Lake Su- perior and probably occurs in the northern counties. .S'. siibtiUs Lee. is kno\vii from southern Illinois and Florida. 9G0 {>',(y2{>). Serkoderus obsctrus Lee, Proe. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1S52, 143. Oblong, (xuadrate. Thorax broadly rounded in front, dull yellow with a pieeous spot at apex. Elytra finely and rather densely punctate, dark reddish-brown or pieeous, the truncated apex yellowish. Length .8 mm. Jlarion, Putnam and Vigo counties; Rcarce. ]March 5-^May 2. Saciuiii lugubir Lee, thorax as long as wide, elytral punctures and pubescence sparse, color pieeous, length 1.7 mm., and N. obscu- rnm Lee, thorax wider than long, elytral punctures and pubescence dense, color piceous-brown, length 1.6 mm., both have a range which may include Indiana. The antenna of Sacium is shown in Fig. 180, No. 8. IV ]\lor;.\MBA f'asey. 1900. Small oval species ha\'ing the antennae rather short with a stout, compact club, the seventh joint enlarged, the fifth normal. (Fig. 180, No. 6.) They ^vere mostly formerly classed under Sacium. Three have been taken in Indiana. KEY TO INDIAN.4. SPECIES OP MOLAMBA. «.. Elytra each with a transverse yellow spot or band just behind the mid- dle. /;. Yellow markings of elytra an entire crossbar located behind the middle; puliesccii<-e co.-irsi', distinct. UtiT. fasciata. 66. Yellow markings ot elytra a subipiadrate siiol located very little lic- hind the middle. 968. ounata. THE PKIXGE-WJXi.ED FlNOrS BEETLES. riUo u(i. Klyti-a eaeli with a small yellow spot, mucli behind the micldle ; ijubes- ceuce fine, les^.s distiiirt. 969. lu>-ata. 967 (3015). MoLAMBA fasciata Say. Journ. Phil. Acad. Xat. Sci.. V. 1S2C. 2.j9; ibid. II. yiiO. Broadly oval, subdepressed. Piceous; antenufe and legs yellowish: thorax reddish-yellow wltli a dark sjjot in front of middle; elytra with a ( rossbar l)eliind the middle, the tii>s edged with dull yollow. Thorax liuml- like, sides regularly curved, apex roundeil : disk, as well as tliat of elyti'a, densely and finely punctate. Length 1.4-1.7 mm. Kosciusko and Perry counties: rare. ]\Iay 2(i-.June 20. Taken from beneath bark of incust. also by siftino: the debris of beech stumps. Oas ( ). MoLAMBA ORNATA (^"asey, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1900. 71. Resembles fasciata but having the pale crossbar of elytra reduced to a quadrate spot and located a little nearer the middle. Males naiTower than females and with the elytra shortened, exposing two segments of the abdomen. Length 1.3-1. .5 mm. (Fig. isl.) Kuseinsko. Putnam. Orange and Pos(-y counties: scarce. April 24-Jujie 22. Probably only a va- (Originat) riety of fasciata. Taken by sifting. 969 (:3017). lloLAMBA LiXATA Lec., Proc. Phil. Acad. Xat. Si i.. VI, 18.52, 144. Resembles fa-^cinta liut smaller and broader. Thorax mostly black with narrow dull yellow margins and apex. Elytra with a small lunate yellow spot on apical third; their tips broadly rounded and margined with .vellow, which extends a short distance along the sides: surface finely and ilensely punctate. Length 1-1.3 mm. Marion and Peri^- counties; rare. April T-^Fay 2(1. Arthrolips decolor Lec.. pale dull yellow, elytra minutely reticu- late, length .8 mm., and A. inisfUus Lee., blat;kisli. thorax paler, ehi:ra highlj- polished and distinctly punctate, length 1 mm., both have a range which may include Indiana. For shape of antenna of Arthrolips see Fig. ISn. Xo. 9. V. Orthoperus Steph. 1829. i Gr.. "'straight -i- pouch.") The members of this genus are among the smallest of Coleopt«ra, and may be recognized by their oval, moderately convex form, ex- posed head and O-jointed antenna'. (Fig. 180, No. i.) Two species have been taken in Indiana, while a third may occur. 506 FAMILY XVI. — COCCINELLIDiE. KEY TO INDIANA SPECIES OF OETHOPEBUS. a. Elytra not punctate, but marked with spiall V-shaped scratches ; length .7 mm. scuTEiXABis. aa. Elytra distinctly but finely and sparsely punctate; length not over .6 mm. &. Form oblong-o\al ; length .6 mm. 970. glaber. 66. Form evenly oval, the sides more curved ; length .5 mm. 971. MICROS. 0. scvtellaris Lee, black, legs and antemio? paler, is known from Ohio and northem Illinois. 970 (3029). Oethoperus glaber Lee, Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 142. Oblong-oval. Piceous-black, glabrous, shining. Thorax twice as wide as long, narrowed in front, emarginate at apex, hind angles rectangular. Elytra very sparsely and obsoletely punctured. Ijength .6 mm. Southern two-thirds of State ; frequent. March 20-November 8. Taken by sifting. 971 ( ) . Oethoperus micros Casey, Journ. N. T. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1900, 66. Rounded-oval. Piceous-black, glabrous, shining. Keticulations of sur- face distinct beneath the lens. Eyes separated on the front by but little more than twice their own width. Length .5 mm. Throughout the Statp; scarce. May 19-.Tuly 4. Family XVI. COCCINELLIDiE. The Lady Bugs. The Plant-louse Beetles. This family comprises a moderate number of rounded or hemi- spherical, rarely oblong, convex beetles, the larger members of which are well known under the common name first mentioned. In color they are generally rod or yellow, with black spots, or black with white, red or yellow spots. The name Coeciiiclla is derived from the Coccus, which produces the cochineal dyes so (Wtensively used before the anilini^ dyes were discovered, and was suggested by the pre\-alence of red in the coloration ol: many of these insects. In most eases the surface is glabrous, but in some of the snjaller forms it is plainly pubescent. The most distinctive characters of the family are the three-jointed tarsi and the broad, hatchet- „. ,„„„.„,, shaped terminal joint of the maxillary palpi. Fig. 182. Comndla. 1, Art- . -, nr. \ t i t • J f r tenna; 2 mMiiiary palpus; 3, ( 1< ]g. 182.) In addition they have the antenna^ tarsus. (After Westwood.) . . ll-jomted, terminating in a more or less distinct 3-jointed club and inserted at the inner front margin of the eyes; head deeply immersed in the thorax, which is transverse, rather THE LADY BEETLES. 507 small, and strongly emarginate in front; elytra convex, not truncate at tip; front f'(ix;v transverse, separate, the coxal cavities closed be- hind, except in Coccidula; middle coxaj rounded; hind coxse trans- verse, widely separated; abdomen mth five free ventral segments, the dorsal portions of which are partially membranous; tarsi 3- jointcd, the second joint dilated and spoiif,^' beneath. Taking into consideration the foregoing characters, LeBaron has well said that: "In a systematic point of view the CoccinellidfE occupy a remarkably anomalous and isolated position. Whilst hav- ing the rounded form of the plant beetles, the elavate antennae of the scavengers, and the dilated palpi of the fungus beetles, they agree in food and habits with none of these, but resemble, in their predaceous habits, the ground beetles and the soft winged carnivora, all of which ha\'e their bodies more or less elongated, their tarsi 5- jointed, their antennfe filiform, and their palpi slender or but mod- erately dilated. ' ' The Coccinellidse are among the most beneficial of insects, being, with very few exceptions, predaceous in both the larval and adult stages. They seem to be especially adapted to keeping in cheek the extensive families of plant lice, both the leaf-lice (aphids) and the bark-lice (coccids) upon which they feed voraciously. It is not un- common to find in an orchard branches of trees thickly covered with the scales of bark-lice, almost every one of which has been torn open and its occupant devoured by these lady-beetles. They are also known to feed upon the eggs of many forms of larger insects, upon chinch bugs and upon spores of the lower cryptogams and pollen grains. After examining the stomach content of 39 specimens, Dr. S. A. Forbes states that "the function of the beetles of this family of limiting the multiplication of plant-liee is expressed by the fact that these insects compose a fourth of the food of this entire collec- tion. The pollen of grasses and Compositte make 14 per cent., the spores of lichens four per cent., and thfisc of fungi 45 per cent., or nearly half the whole." Chinch bugs made up 10 per cent, of the entire food eaten by members of the genus Hlpprxlfniiin, taken in a cornfield where such bugs ^\cre. abundant.* The larvae of the Coccinellida are oblong, blackish grubs, and are usually beset with spines, which are in turn armed with smaller spines or prickles, giving them, when magnified, a formidable appearance. (Pig. 183.) In many cases the larvte are spotted or „ banded in reds, black and yellows. They bear some- (After Forbes.) * "The Food Relations of the Carabidie and Coccinellidse" in Bull. Xo. 6, 111. Lab. Nat. flist., 1883. 508 FAMILY XVI. — COCCINELIJDiH. what a resemblance to a minute alligator in shape, and are known under that name bj^ children in some parts of the country. As is the case with other grubs, they are much more voracious than the perfect beetles. When full grown the larva suspends itself by the hinder end to some convenient leaf or branch and either pushes the larval skin upwards, where it I'einains in a little wad about the t;iil, or remains within it until i-ejidy to emerge, when it bursts the skin open along the back and emerges a perfect beetle. The principal literature treating of the North American mem- bers of the f amilj- is as follows : LeConte. — "Remarks upon the Coccinellidffi of the United States," in Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., VI, 1852, 129-141. Crotch. — "Revision of the Coccinellidge of the United States," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, IV, 1873, 363-382. LeContc. — "Short Studies of North American Coleoptera {Hy- peraspis)," in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, VIII, 1880, 186-188. Horn. — "Studies in Coccinellidse, " in Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, XXII, 1895, 81-114. Casey. — "A Revision of the American Coccinellida;," in Joum. N. Y. Entom. Soc, VII, 1899, 71-163. Leng. — "Notes on Coccinellidse," in Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XI, 1903, 35-45, 193-213; XVI. 1908, 33-44. About 150 members of the family are listed liy Henshaw as be- longing to the North American fauna. To these Casey added in his Synopsis 179 new names, a number of which are evidently based on geographic races or varieties, while many of them will doubtless prove good species. Altogether it is probable that about 250 known species occur in this country. For convenience the family, as reju'csented in the State, is first divided into eiulit tribes by the following table, modified from that used by Maj. Casey: KEY TO IXDIAXA TKIBKS OF COCCINKLTID.E. a. Middle cox;u narrovs'ly separated: body elongate-oval, glabrous; legs long, free, the femora extending beyond the sides of the body: abdo- men with sixth segment visible in bolh sexes; head not deei)ly in- serted, the thorax strongly sinuate but not covering the eyes. Tribe I. Hippodamii.xi, p. .VKi. aa. Middle cox.t widely separated; legs shorter, the femora generally not extending be.vond the sides of the body; head deeply inserted, the thorax covering a large portion of the eyes. 6. Front coxiil cavities closed behind; eyes finely faceted. THE LADY BEETI^EP. 509 c. Body IcMisely jointed, generally rounded in form; epipleura wide, concave, strongly descending externally. d. Frontal plate narrowed from the base, not covering the base of antennfe. I. Upper surface of body glabrous. Tribe II. CocciNELtiNi. p. 512. cc. Upper surface of body pul>e!^ccnt; antenuiT' long, with loosely articulate club; thorax deeply emarginate at apex; mandi- bles b'ifid at tip and denticulate within. Tribe VII. EPILACH^•I^•I. p. .532. (hi. Frontal plate broadly dilated, concealing the base of antenna; and sulidividini: the eyes; upper surface .glabrous: tiody I'ounded. very iMinvex; lct;s free or feebly I'etractile. Tribe III. CiiiTflcsiii.M, |i. ."IT. (•<•. Body iiiniiiact. lieuer.-illy oval in form; epipleura n:;rr iw. lii'iivr- ally horizontal. Hat or feebl,\- concave. f. Abtlomen ciiniiinst'il nf nuly tivo sc;.'iin'uts. I bt- fifth triamrular and lon.ser than tbi- three in'Oeeilinu' i-nmbiiied; eyes entire; base of antenme e.Yposed ; size minute. Tribe IV. fExEixi, p. -510. ff. Alxlomen with the sixth se.^'uient well ilevelojied, the fifth shorter. {!. Body glabrcius. Tribe V. Hyperaspixi. p. .5111. Off. Body pubescent. Tribe VI. Scymmxi, p. 524. 66. Front enxal cavities epen behind; eyes coarsely faceted; l>ody ob- lona'-oval, ijubeseeiit; abdomen with six segments; antenmie lonir. the club lotpSG ; length less than 0.5 mm. Tribe VIII. CVicc idulini, p. '<:',::. Tribe I. Hiri'i:)I>AMIIXI. The member.-^ of this trilie are Tionyms. (Jf these four and one variety are known from Indiana. KEY TO I.NUH.NA SPECIK.S OF HirPODAMlA. (J. Thorax lilaik with broail jiale bileral margins within eac-li cif wliieli is a blacli (lot: tiiiiiv and tarsi jiale. 074. IO-pu.xct.vta. (la. Thorax with a narrower white lateral margin, without distinet dot, Ijut usuall.v iutnidoil u|)on li.v a more or less pronounred au^ndatiou of the central blacli area; legs Ijlack tlironghout. h. r.laek disk of thorax uearl.v divided l>y a wliite quadrate spot at the middle of base, and an elongate triangular spot at apex. 975. PAREXTHESIS. 66. Black disk of tliorax withirut white spot at base and apex, but with two discal divergent white dashes. c. Front lialf of el.rtra without markings or with onl.v a humeral black dot. 076. glacialis. cc. Elytra each with six small spots, three of which are on the front half. (1. Spots of elytra all small and widely separated. 977. COXVEKGEXS. dd. Spots much larger, the fr(3nt one near suture apparently double. 977a. VAR. 15-MACULATA. *974 (3050). HiPPODAMiA i:>prxcTATA Linn., Syst. Nat.. X. 170.5. 336. Oblong-oval. Head black at base : thorax described in key and without discal divergent bars : elytra each with six rounded black spots and a small common scutellar spot. Readily known by the pale tibiiie and tarsi and the mark- ings of the thorax. Length 4.5-5.2 mm. (Fig. 1S7.) Fig. 187 Frequent throughout the northern half of State: (After luiey.) less so southward. February 23-December 25. In one specimen from Laporte County the black area embraces nearly the entire upper surface of thorax and the spots of elytra are nearly double the usual size. *975 (3051). HiPPODAMiA pakenthesis Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Kat. Sci., IV, 1S24. 93; ibid. II, 232. Oblong-oval. Head black at base and apex; thorax described in key: elytra reddisli-yellow, witli n large triangular r-onimon scutellar spot, a round spot on hunicrns. and a strongly curvod subapical lunule on each, black. Length 4-5 mm. [33—23402] 512 FAMILY XVI. — COCCINJJLLIDiE. Throughout the State; frequent. April l-Deeember 18. The black subapical lunule varies much in size and form, being some- times a large irregular blotch. 976 (3044). IIjppodamia gli\.cialis Falir., Syst. Ent., 1775, SO. <)li](nig-uv;il. Head black with a triangular .vellow spot on center; tho- rax with the pale side margins wider in front and behind, the angular ex- tension of the black area well marked, the discal dashes distinct; elytra reddish with an oblique band behind the middle, and a large subapical spdt. black ; rarely also a small black dot on the humerus. Beneath black, the ventral segments with a triangular reddish spot on each side. Length G- 7.5 mm. (Fig. 185, c.) Throughout the State; svnrec. JMareh 28-November 9. Prob- abl.y hibernates. Several specimens were taken l)eneath rubbish on the beach of Lake ^lichigan in Mny. *!)77 (3040). HirpoDAMiA co^vergeks Ouer.. Icon, du Reg., An., 184C, 321. Oblou;,'-(ival. Head black, the pale spot on center transverse, reaching the e.ves ; thorax with a narrow, nearl.v uniform pale border and two distinct discal bars; elytra reddish with a common s c u t e 1 1 a r spot, and six small spots (sometimes partly or wholly obsolete), on each, black. Beneath uniform black. Length 4.S- mm. (IMg. 18S.) Throughout the State ; common. April l-t-Dccember 20. Hibernates in company with 13-punctata and parcnthetiis. beneath chunks and mullein leaves along the borders of cultivated fields. '.)77a (3045). Hippodamia convekuexs 15-maculata Muls., Spec, 1851, 20. A variety of the preceding, distinguished by having all the spots of ely- tra enlarged and partly coalescent, and the black disk of thorax with a dis- tinct angulation on the side as in glacinUs. Length 0.5 mm. Laporte County; rare. August '2(i. Known heretofore only from Missouri, Kansas and Arkansas. Fig. 188. (After Chittenden.) Tribe II. COCCINELLINI. The nienihcrs of this li'ibe have the front coxal cavities closed; middle co.xa' widely separated; liasc of antennae exposed; body loosely articidated. not very contractile; form usually rounded, someliiiics obloiit;'. and the siirlacc never pubescent. It includes those lady-litius most commonly met with, as the two-spotted lady- bug, Adalia hipunctaia, often found in houses, and the nine-spotted THE LADY BEETLES. 513 lacly-lm£r, foiciiirUa O-iwiota. common in liardoiis. ^Fost of the sjx'i'ics rrsenibli" thcsi' connnon t'ornis in size and sliaiic. iK'iug rounded and convex. The tribe, as divided by Casey, comprises ten North American genera. In order to avoid the division into so many groups I have followed Leiig by including the single genus Psyllohora of the tribe Psylloborini and combining certain genera with Ciiccinella. This gives in onr fauna representatives of five genera. KEY TO 1XDI.\XA GENERA OF COCCIXELLIN'I. a. Body larger, 4-7.5 mm. ; antennoe shorter with last joint truncate. 6. Antemiaj only slightly longer than head; epipleura not extending to the sutiiral tip. c. Body usually I'ouuded. strongly convex; elytra reddish, without spelts or with more than two black spots on each; tarsal claws with a large subquadrate tooth at base. (Fig. 1S4, e.) IV. CoCCIXELL.\. cc. Body oval, less convex ; elytra reddish with one or two black spots on each; tarsal claws as in Fig. 184. 6. Y. Adaua. 66. Antennje longer, extending at least to middle of thorax; epipleura entire. (7. Tarsal claws bifid (Fig. ]s4. o) ; prosternal process compressed in front: elytra without sjxits. VI. Xeomtsia. (Id. Tarsiil claws as in CocciiicUa; prosternal process broad, strongly convex in a transverse direction and prominent at apex; elytra with numerous spots. VII. Anatis. «(7. Body small. 2-25 mm.: autennie slender with last joint elongate. 'SIII. Psti,ix)boea. lY. CocciNELLA Linn. 175S. (ftr.. "scarlet + insect.") Rounded, very convex fonns havinir the front margin of the tho- rax more or less emarginate. They vary considerably in the black markings of thorax and eh'tra. and among them are scime of the most common and best known of the "lady-btigs. " The genus, as usually defined, was divided by (^'asey into four. viz.. CixeiiKlla. XcolMrmonw. Ciuloncda and 011a. and to them he ascribed 27 species. Leng reunited the four and reduced the number of species to 12. Of these the foUo\A"ing are Icnown from the State : KEY TO IXDIAXA SPECIES OF COCCIXEIXA. a. Thorax black with narrow apical margin and a large suljquadrate spot at each apical angle, pale. 6. Elytra tugetlier normally with nine spots, without trace of sub-basal rriissbar. 9TS. 9-xotata. 66. Elytra witli three black crossbars, the one near base common, the others interrupted at suture. 979. tbifasciata. 514 FAMITjY XVI. — COCCJTsTBLLIDiE. u(i. Tliornx blac-k, varici^nteil with pale markings, or red or yellow with black spots. v. Body somewhat depressea ; thorax red with four distinct black spots, the two hind ones oblique, elongate. 980. venusta. cc. Body strongly convex. d. Elytra reddish without spots ; mesosternum truncate in front. 981. SANGUINEA. dd. Elytra pale brownish-yellow, each with eight small black dots; mesosternum broadly and rather feebly sinuate in front. 982. ABDOMINALIS. 978 (305S). CocciNEDLA 9-NOTATA Herbst., Kafer, V, 1793, 269. Hemispherical. Head pale, black at base ; thorax described j^Mt^ 1 in key ; elytra with one common scutellar spot, and each with '^•[•iVl four others black, the two front ones the smaller; the spots ^/'ilirV^-' sometimes united into two oblique curved bars. Under sur- Fig. 189. face and legs black, the meso- and meta-epimera white. Length (After Riley.) 5.5.7 mm. (Fig. 189.) Throughout the State, frequent; especially so in cultivated grounds. January 7-November 30. Hibernates beneath logs and mullein leaves. 979 (3056). CocciNELLA teifasciata Linn., Syst. Nat, Ed. X, 1758, 365. Smaller and more narrowly oval than 9-notata. Head of male white, of female with two white spots ; thorax black at base, the apical margin and a broad space at each apical angle, whitish; elytra orange, the sub- basal black band not reaching side margins, the others inteiTupted at su- ture and each encircled with a narrow pale ring; legs and under surface black, the side pieces of meso- and metasterna white. Thorax finely and sparsely, elytra more coarsely, deeply and closely punctate. Ijength 4.5- 5 mm. (Fig. 191, c.) A boreal form of which a single specimen was tnl^en by sweeping nciir (Hear Lake, Steuben County. ]\lay 125. Probably occurs spar- ingly throughout the northern thii'd of the State. 980 (3055a). CocciNELiji venusta iNfelsh., Proc. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., Ill, 1S40, 175. Broadly rounded, feebly convex. Head black, yellow near the e.ves; thorax described in key; elytra red or reddish-yellow, each with five black spots, viK., two sub-basal, two median and one large subapical, the latter prolonged forward to form a common sutural stripe extending nearly to middle. Length 5.5-0 mm. (I'ig. 191, d.) A southern species fallen in Jennings, Floyd and Crawford coun- ties; scarce. June 2:5-July 12. The name affivia Rand., of the Hen- ■ihaw list was cited in error, and vcnusia is therefore a distinct siiecics. not a variety. C. noiulata :\luls., black above and beneath, thorax with an oblique pale border, elytra each with a transverse TtlE LADY BEETIiES. 515 Fig. 190. (After Forbes.) reddish cross-bar, is a color variety of venusta whicli has been recorded from near Cincinnati. *981 (3064). CocciNELiA sanguinea Linn., Cent. Ins., 1763, 11. Rounded-oval, somewhat convex. Head black, white in front (male), or with two white spots (female); thorax black with the front, sides and hind angles bordered with white, the front margin sending back three white spurs, the lateral ones sometimes reaching the base; elytra dull red- dish-yellow, without spots, the reflexed margins paler. Be- neath black, the tibise and tarsi usually paler. Length 4-5 mm. (Fig. 190.) Throughout the State; frequent. February 23-October 16. Hibernates in small numbers. Common on flowers of goldenrod in autumn. Our form described above is the var. munda Say. 982 (3065a). Coccinella abdominalis Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., IV, 1824, 95 ; ibid. II, 233. Pale reddish-yellow ; thorax with seven black dots, five of which form an M-llke mark on the disk ; elytra described in key. Length 4.2-5 mm. (Fig. 191, e.) A southwestern species listed by both Casey and Leng from "Indiana," vsdthout definite locality. 1 have not seen a specimen from the State, and it occurs probably only in the lower Wabash Valley. Fig. 191. Figures of Cocciaellini. (After Leng.) V. Adalia Muls. 1851. (NL., an invented name.) Two species, both introduced by commerce, occur in the State. *9S3 (3007). Adalia bipiinctata Linn., Syst. Nat., 1758, 364. Oval. Head with two yellow frontal marks; thorax with an M-shaped black mark on disk, the broad pale margins without a spot; elytra reddish with a round black spot near center of each. Beneath black, the tarsi and sides of abdomen reddish-brown. Thorax finely and indistinctly punctate; elytra more coarsely punctate. Length 4-5 mm. (Fig. 191, a.) Frequent throughout the State. January 1-December 7. Often passes the winter in houses, being found on the walls and windows in late autumn and early spring. Very beneficial and should be protected and allowed to escape in spring. 516 FAMILY XVI. COCCINELLIDiE. '.1S4 (SOGC). AnALiA FEiGiDA Sclineifl, Neii. Mng. But, 1T!)2, 172. Differs I'roni liiiniiicUila in having .-i black point at center ol' broad .yel- low margin of thorax, or thorax black, with front, sides and basal bilobed spot yellowish; elytra reddish, usually with two small spots near middle (var. ophthalmica Muls.), sometimes with two black bands (var. disjuncta Band.), rarely wholly without black markings. Elytra rather coarsely and densely punctured. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. (Fig. 191, 6.) One specimen (var. ophthalmica) in Webster collection labeled ' ' Ind. ' ' Ranges across the northern part of North America, as far south as Ohio and Missouri. VI. Neomysia Casey. 1899. (Gr., "new -i-Mysia.") This genus replaces Mysia of the Henshaw list. It is repre- sented in the State by the single species : 985 (3073). Neomysia ptjliata Say, Journ. Phil. Acad. Nat. Sci., V, 1825, 301 ; ibid. II, 346. Oval, strongly convex. Head black with two spots on sides of front yellow ; thorax of male with disk black, the front margin narrowly, the sides broadly yellow, the latter enclosing a black spot ; a small yellow spot in front of scutellum, which is sometimes extended into a median pale space; in female the disk brov\'n ; elytra uniform dull reddish-brown. Un- der surface black, paler along the middle. Length 6-7 mm. (Fig. 191, f.) Lake and Pnsey counties; scarce. May 20^July 8. Closely re- sembles ■(7of;_c/)!fKa sanguinca but larger and with different mark- ings on thorax. VII. Anatis Muls. 1846. (Gr., "hai-mless.") Broadly oval or rounded convex species, above the medium in size and having the thorax less transverse than usual and the punc- tuation rather coarse and unequal. One species and a variety occur in the State. 986 (3075). Anatis 15-punctata Oliv., Ent., VI, 180S, 1027. Oval, very broad, rather convex. I-Iead black with two triangular yel- low spots on front; thorax with disk lilack, enclosing two pale spots at base; side margins broadly pale, with a marginal black siMt near base; elytra yellow or reddish-brown, each >\ith eight black spots, one scutellar, one on the humerus, three Tonning a median band and three subapical. Beneath black, the tibia;, tarsi and sides of abdomen pale reddish-brown. Length 6.5-8.5 mm. (Fig. 185, (].) Throughout the State; frequent. Ain-il IS-October 22. ]\Iates about mid-April and is then found in numbers on the flowers of the red haw (26 PAMIT.Y XVI. — -COCCINELLIDiE. the specimens should be so mounted that this can be readily done. For convenience the Indiana species are first separated into two groups. It a i7 a .a ir ^ li' Fig. 194. a, mctacoxal line:'b, first ventral suture; c, hind coxal cavity. (After Horn.) KEY TO QKOUrS OF SPECIES OF INDIANA SCYMNUS. a. Metacoxal line Incomplete, gradually curving Into the flr-st ventral su- ture and forming a part thereof, or not joining said suture. (Fig. 194, Nos. 1, 2 and 3.) Group A. (III. iletaco.Kal line forming an entire arc beginning at the inner border of the coxal cavity and ending at or near the outer front angle of the first segment. (Fig. 194, No. 4.) Group B. Geotjp a. This group includes the India,na species belonging to Groups A, B and C of Horn's "Studies in Coccinellida^ " and in addition a few that have since been described. KEY TO SPECIES OF GEOtIP A. u. Metacoxal line passing in an oblique curve from the hind coxal cavity to the iirst ventral suture and joining the latter. (Fig. 104, No. 1.) h. Elytra piceous, each with two pale spots. c. Head and thorax yellow, the latter sometimes with piceous basal spot. 1004. LIEBECKI. (T. Head and thorax black ; form oval ; elytral spots small and oval. MYRMIDON. hh. Bl.vtra piceous with a large yellow spot at apox, but without spots on disk. il. Thorax black with the apex narrowly, the front angles more broad- ly yellow. 1005. terminatis. (/(/. Thorax yellow with a black basal spot. lOOtJ. partitcs. ((((. ]\retaciixal line not .joining the first ventral suture. c. Jletacoxal line extending outward, parallel with the suture and at a slight distance therefrom. (Fi.g. 104. No. -2.) f. Elytra wholly reddish-brown or dull brownish-yellow. 1007. TNTRUSl s. ff. Elytra black or pioenus. marked witli yellow spots. g. Each elytron with one rounded yellow spot behind the middle; thorax black. lOOS. flavifrons. go. Each elytron with two oval spots. ornatus. re. :\rotaeoxal line recurved at the outer end (Fig. 104, No. .3) ; elytra black, narrowly tiiiped with red; thorax with black disk and red "■ii'giiif- 1000. americancs. THE LADV BEETr,ES. 527 1004 (- -). SCYMNrs LIEBECKI Ilom, isor,, s!). Trans. Amei-. Ent. Soc, XXII, Oval, convex. Head and thorax yellow, the latter darker in front of seutellum ; elytra piceous with a narrow apical border, a small round spot in front of middle, nearer the suture than the side, and a slightly sinuous crossbar one-third from apex, yellow. Abdomen reddish-yellow, punctate. r>e.i;s yellow. Length 3.2-1.5 mm. (Fig. V.)~k a.) I have not simmi this species frcnii the State. Part of Hona's types came from near p]ll