PliJiSi "V * ¥ S M A L L " '* % ill i'!l:lll9& I , I R R A R J K S M BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF 1891 L^3jm iIyDiL 3777 Cornell University Library Z695 .H67 Catalocjing. for small libraries. olin 3 1924 029 519 240 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029519240 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES BY THERESA HITCHLER StrPERINTENDEirf OF CATALOaiyo BKOOEXYN PUBLIC LIBRARY REVISED EDITION AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION PUBLISHING BOARD 78 E. WASHINGTON STREET, CHICAGO 1915 A. COPTHIGHT, 1915, BY AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION PUBLISHING BOARD PREFACE While this revised edition of "Cataloging for small libraries" is much larger than the previous one, it is not changed in outline or principle except in one or two minor particulars. It is by no means exhaustive; it is merely expanded and brought out in detail under each point taken up with a view to enabling the librarian of the small library to gain a more complete and more specific grasp of the subject. The many questions that have come to the author from various sources during the past ten years, and her conviction that even small libraries would better conform to system and method, have made her feel it not only expedient but necessary to be more explicit in her suggestions and directions. Anyone, in any calling, business, or profession, is the better for knowing more than she needs. Excess knowledge may be safely stored away to be called upon in emergencies, and the feeling of its possession stimulates worthy self-confidence on the part of its owner. During the past ten years the author has lectured on the sub- ject of cataloging before many an audience of trained as well as untrained, experienced as well as inexperienced librarians of small libraries, students preparing for such work, trustees of small libraries, and others. The questions asked at such gatherings prove conclusively that the small library does not by any means presuppose a collection of simple books, as is too often taken for granted. If that were so, the simple directions given in the first edition of this work would need no amplification. Experience, however, has shown otherwise, and even trained librarians find themselves timidly doubtful at times in deciding a point, because lack of practice, experience and precedent are wanting to inspire the necessary confidence. Therefore, though this treatise is not intended to be at all dogmatic, I have attempted in this book to outline very fully, but in simple language, with not too embarrassing a number of illustrative examples, the best methods of treating various problems in cataloging, the complex as well as the simple ones, for the librarian of the small library who is ambitious to have her library a well cataloged one in as systematic, useful, yet economical a way as possible. Theresa Hitchlek. December 8, 1914. CONTENTS Page Preface iii CHAPTER I Introduction: Accession Record; Shelf List Record 1 Entries in Accession Book. — Uses of Accession Record. — Why it may be dispensed with. — Sample page from an Accession Book. — Card Shelf List. — Form and fullness of entries. — Its uses. — Sample Shelf List cards. CHAPTER II General Principles and Practical Application 8 Classification of books. — Consistency, common sense and judgment necessary in making a catalog. — Kinds of cards in a Dictionary Catalog. CHAPTER III Author Entries 15 Author heading. — Fullness and form. — Indention. — Spacing. — CapitaUzation and punctuation. — Fullness of title. — Imprint, Col- lation and Call number. — Contents and notes. — Extension cards. — Tracing. — Sample cards. — List of simple, single, personal authors arranged alphabetically, illustrating authors with prefixes and suf- fixes, titles of nobiUty and honorary titles, compovmd names, mar- ried women, etc. — Editors, compilers, etc., as authors. CHAPTER IV Titie Entries 32 Fullness of title. — Indention. — Imprint, Collation and Call num- ber. — Title references. — Sample cards. CHAPTER V Subject Entries 35 Form. — Subject heading. — Indention. — Colored ink. — Author. — Title. — Imprint, Collation and Call number. — Notes. — A. L. A. List of subject headings. — Headings for children's catalogs. — Lists of well-known subject headings. — Sample cards. CHAPTER VI Cross References . . 49 Name references. — Subject references. — "See" and "See also" references. — Colored ini. — Indention. — Reference from subject to author. — Sample cards. — List of 150 books with Call number, subjects and cross references suggested. VI CONTENTS CHAPTER VII Paob Pseudonyms and Initials 69 Different kinds of Pseudonyms: (1) Entry under pseudonym when real name is not known. — (2) Entry under pseudonym when better known than real name.— (3) Entry under real name. — (4) Entry under real name for author who has used a certain pseudonym for a single book, or several for different books. — Name references. — List of well-known pseudonyms. — Initials for which real name is known. — Secondary entries. — Sample cards. CHAPTER VIII Anonymous Books 86 Author known. — Author not known. — Collections or compilations without an editor. — Sample cards. CHAPTER IX Joint Authors ... 92 Books written conjointly by 2 authors. — By 3 authors. — By more than 3 authors. — Joint author entries vs. Joint author references. — Corporate joint author entries. — Arrangement of joint author cards. — Sample cards. CHAPTER X Periodicals . 106 Indention. — Library has: statement. — Library lacks: statement. — Unfinished sets. — Change of name. — Organs of Societies. — List of reference aids for cataloging periodicals. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XI Cyclopedias and Dictionaries . 115 Entry under editor as author. — Entry imder title as main entry. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XII Almanacs, Year-Books, and Directories .... 120 Published periodically or serially. — Not published periodically. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XIII Sacred Books and Anonymous Classics 125 CHAPTER XIV Corporate Entries .... 132 Government publications. — Publications of Societies, Associations, Institutions, etc. — Reports (Continuations and finished reports). — Departments and subheads. — Numbered publications. — Local con- ferences. — List of special reference aids for cataloging Government publications. — Examples of corporate entry. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XV Editors, Translators, Illustrators, Compilers, as Added or Secondary Entries 145 When to give them. — Editor, etc., references. — Sample cards. CONTENTS vii CHAPTER XVI Paod Analytics and Independents 152 When to make. — Author analytic. — Title analytic. — Subject analytic. — Compilations with or without editors.-^— Analytic entry on Library of Congress cards. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XVII Series 188 Series note. — Series card. — Indention. — Editor of series. — Number of entries on Series card. — Numbered series. — Biographical series. — Series by one author. — Tracing. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XVIII Partial and Changed Titles 200 Partial titles: Binder's title, Running title, Half title, Cover title. Subtitle. — Changed title. — Translations under different titles. — Sample cards. CHAPTER XIX Collective Biography. — Family Biography and Genealogy. — Individual Biography, Including Autobiography 210 CHAPTER XX Added Editions 216 CHAPTER XXI Supplements and Continuations, Keys and Indexes. — Sample Cards . 221 CHAPTER XXII Miscellaneous 231 Societies upon which an address has been delivered. — Extracts or collections from periodicals. — Reprinted essays or articles. — Criti- cism and Bibliography. — Attributed authors. — Clippings, scrap- books, etc. — Pictures, statuary, etc. — Secondary or added author entry. — Concordances. — Epitomes, Revisions, Abridgments, Adap- tations. — Music. — Extracts or selections. CHAPTER XXIII Arrangement 262 CHAPTER XXIV Practical Hints not Strictly Confined to Cataloging 270 CHAPTER XXV Bibliographies, etc 275 List of some of the more important books and articles on Cataloging. — Reference aids for the cataloger. — Bibliographical and T^o- graphical Terms, with Definitions. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES CHAPTER I mXRODUCTION: ACCESSION RECORD; SHELF LIST RECORD Before beginning with my subject proper, cataloging, let me lead up to it by giving a brief resume of the two other records, the Accessions Record and the Shelf List Record. These in their way are almost as necessary to a library, though not to its readers, as is the Catalog, and one of them in addition to the catalog is considered indispensable to its successful administration by almost every up-to-date library in the country to-day. The Accessions Record, ordinarily kept in an accession book, which can be purchased of the Library Bureau in standardized form, is a numerical and chronological one. Each volume as it is added to the library is entered in the accession book and receives a number called the accession number. The number of the last volume entered indicates approximately the total number of volumes in the library to date. The exact total can only be ascertained by subtracting from this the number of volumes lost, missing, or discarded. Entries in the accession book may be very brief — the author's surname only, as it appears on the title page of the book, a brief title, the source from whence the book came (e.g., the agent of whom purchased, the name of the donor if a gift, etc.), and the cost, the amount paid for it by the library, being sufficient. The last two mentioned items are practically the only ones for which the accession book or record is ever consulted. Many libraries in recent years have experimented in dispensing with the accession book entirely, transferring the two most necessary items to the shelf list record. For a system of branch libraries, because of the many copies added to its col- lections by purchase and otherwise at different times, varying in edition, in source and in cost, it would not be feasible to do this unless the source and cost could be transferred to some record other than the shelf list (the book order record or bills, for example), or unless it were felt that such items could be dispensed with altogether. For independent libraries, however, all libraries, that is, not part of a system of branches, I would 1 2 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES * ■ recommend this practice, though an accession number might still be assigned to each volume in the library. This has been tried, with satisfactory results, in a large library of my acquaint- ance. The accession number in each case can be assigned without much expenditure of time or labor by the use of an automatic numbering stamp, which would not only result in clearly stamped numbers but would dispense with the necessity of keeping track of the last number used. The accession number is useful mainly in identifying various copies of the same book, but is not an absolute necessity even for this, as other devices may be used. The accession record is a survival of the beginnings of library work in this country, and librarians have simply gone on using it without question because it always had been used. Twenty-five years ago it was considered almost indispensable. And it was — much more than it is to-day. It was the record which contained a full description of each volume in the library — a more itemized description than I have just indicated — and which, because of its accuracy and completeness, was accepted by the insur- ance companies as a s'uflScient guarantee of a library's stock. It was sometimes the only record a library could boast. Before the time of library schools and the standardized methods they introduced, the existence of a library did not necessarily pre- suppose a shelf list and a catalog, and even if the latter existed it was not so complete as the dictionary catalog of to-day. To-day we are beginning to ask ourselves (and one another), "Why do we do thus and so.?" "What should we lose if we stopped doing it?" and more particularly, since time means money, "Can we do without it — without detriment to the library's usefulness?" The answer to the last question should determine the decision, presupposing we can answer it aright. The Shelf List Record (or the class list record as it was once called) is a record kept on cards in class order; i.e., the cards are arranged by classes (according to whatever system of classi- fication is used in the library) and alphabetically by author under each class, in the exact order in which* the books are arranged on the shelves. Each card should contain the Class and Book number, the Accession number, the Author's name (in form and fullness as it appears on the main catalog card, except that the initials only of forenames need be given, and a pseudonymous name following the real name of an author in parentheses, or a real name a pseudonymous one, may be omitted), the title of the book, given more briefly, the number of volumes (if more than one), and the date of publication or imprint date as it is CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 8 o m I J' J- Some pitfalls in cataloguing, (in Library. 1896. V. 8, p. 150-156.) Ohio library association. Proposed change in printed catalog cards, (in Public Libraries. 1904. v. 9, p. 321-322.) Pettee, J. I. Dissertations and program literature, (in Library Journal. 1904. v. 29, p. 297-300.) Philip, A. J. Production of the printed catalogue. 1910. Plummer, M. W. Hints to small libraries. Ed. 4. 1911. Quinn, J. H. Library cataloguing. 1913. Manual of library cataloguing. 1899. Intended to serve as an introduction to Cutter's Rules for a dictionary catalogue and Linderfelt's Eclectic card catalogue rules. Reinick, W. R. Arrangement and cataloging of United States government documents, (in Public Libraries. 1900. v. 5, p. 83-87.) Classifying and cataloging public documents, (in Public Libraries. 1906. v. 11, p. 51-53.) Rogers, W. T. The Library and the catalogue, (in his Manual of bibliography. 1891. p. 105-121.) From a bibliophile's point of view. Savage, E. A. Manual of descriptive annotation for library catalogues. 1906. Principles of annotation, (in Library Association Record. 1904. V. 6, p. 575-590.) Sayers, W. C. B. Anglo-American cataloguing code, (in Library World, 1908-09. v. 11, p. 467-472.) and Stewart, J. D. Card catalogue, (in Library World. 1911-12. V. 14, p. 162-165; 1912-13. v. 15, p. 39-44, 77- 83, 107-110.) Card catalogue; practical manual for public and private libraries; including other uses of cards in libraries. 1913. -Catalogues for children, (in Library Association Record. 1905. V. 7, p. 377-391.) Severance, H. O. Three of the earliest book catalogs, (in Public Libraries. 1905. v. 10, p. 116-117.) Simpson, Frances. Some problems in cataloguing a normal school library, (in Public Libraries. 1901. v. 6, p. 152-154.) Smith, F. E. Best catalog for the small library, (in Public Libraries. 1901. v. 6, p. 147-150.) South, Laura. Helpful points in cataloging and analyzing, (in Public Libraries. 1904. v. 9, p. 103-106.) Spofford, A. R. Catalogue, (in his Book for all readers. 1909. p. 373-399.) 280 CATALOaiNG FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Tillinghast, W. H. Rules and suggestions intended particularly for. catalogers. (in Library Journal. 1902. v. 27, p. 873-875.) Tolman, F. L. Bibliography and cataloging; some affinities and contrasts, (in Public Libraries. 1905. v. 10, p. 119-122.) Tyler, A. S. Modification of subject entries for card catalogs, (in Library Journal. 1903. v. 28, p. 21-22.) United States. Library of Congress. Bibfiography of coopera- tive cataloguing and the printing of catalogue cards. 1903. Van Valkenburgh, Agnes. Common sense in cataloging small libraries, (in Library Journal. 1906. v. 31, cl27-129.) Plea for the cataloger. (in Library Journal. 1914. v. 39, p. 679-681.) Wandell, Caroline. Typewriter for card catalogs, (in Library Journal. 1902. v. 27, p. 268-269.) Weitenkampf, Frank. Notes on the cataloging of prints, (in Library Journal. 1907. v. 32, p. 408-409.) Wheatley, H. B. How to catalogue a library. 1899. Wire, G. E. Some heresies about cataloging, (in Library Journal. 1897. v. 22, c62-63.) REFERENCE AIDS FOR THE CATALOGER "As a rule, a cataloger can without difficulty determine the nationality, or the class, or the period of the person whose name he seeks. In deciding whether he will then look for the name in a general or a special book, experience must be his guide. For an author whose surname is familiar, while his forenames have slipped the memory, a general book will be of readiest service; and even for unknown names a good general book may be con- sulted before an inferior special help." Never do over what has already been well done by someone else. Therefore, If you have access to one of the catalogs of printed cards of the Library of Congress (a Depository Catalog, so called) consult that before any reference books and accept it as your authority, unless you have reason to question the authenticity or correctness of an entry. In examining or consulting reference books, be careful to identify the author as the author of the book in hand. The maiden names of married women may often be found in the body of a notice when omitted from the heading. Observe and note the time, scope and countries covered in each reference book and CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 281 the classes of people to be found therein, so as to prevent waste of time and effort in consulting it for names of people not covered by said time, scope, countries and classes. In the following classified Hst the entries which are starred (*) indicate the books most used for reference purposes in the Cataloging Department of the Brooklyn Public Library. I have omitted stars for old catalogs of libraries, which are very helpful in cataloging old collections but not current publications. I have not attempted to give publisher or price, as you can readily ascertain that from your local dealer or the A. L. A. Publishing Board. General Aids First and foremost, if you have access to one, the Depository Catalog (printed cards) of the Library of Congress. *A. L. A. and L. A. U. K. Catalog rules; Author & title entries. 1908. *Cutter. Rules for a dictionary catalog. Ed. 4. 1904. Dewey. Library school rules. Ed. 6. 1899. SimpUfied library school rules. 1898. Hitchler. Cataloging for small libraries. Ed. 2 rev. & enl. 1915. Linderfelt. Eclectic card catalog rules. 1890. New York (State). State library. Selection of cataloguers' reference books. 1903. (Bulletin 84: Bibliography no. 36.) Perkins. San Francisco cataloging for pubhc libraries. 1884. Quinn. Manual of Ubrary cataloging. 1913. Wheatley. How to catalog a library. 1889. Encyclopedias Appletons' Annual cyclopaedia. 1861-1902. Discontinued. Encyclopaedia Britaimica. 29v. Ed. 11. 1910-11. Johnson's universal cyclopaedia. 8v. 1896. Rev. ed. 12 v. under title "Universal encyclopaedia," pub- lished by Appleton. *Larousse's Grand dictioimaire de XTXme siecle. 17 v. 1866- 1890. Supplement & Index. *Larousse's Grand dictionnaire universe!. 17 v. 1865-90, including two Supplements. *New international cyclopaedia. 20v. 1911. Ed. 2 in progress. Supplement to date has title "New international year book." *Nouveau Larousse illustre. 8 v. 1898-1907, including one Supplement. 282 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Biographical Dictionaries: General *Century cyclopaedia of names. New ed. 1911. Hoefer. Nouvelle biographie universelle. 46 v. 1852-1868. Phillips. Dictionary of biographical reference. 1889. Thomas. Universal pronouncing dictionary of biography & mythology (Lippincott's biographical dictionary). Ed. 3. 1905. Warner. Dictionary of authors (being v. 42-43 of Library of the world's best literature). 1897. Biographical Dictionaries: Contemporary Bommiiller. Biographisches schriftssteller-lexicon der gegen- wart. 1882. Plarr. Men and women of the time. Ed. 15. 1899. Pratt. People of the period. 2 v. 1897-98. Sanders. Celebrities of the century. 1887. Vapereau. Dictionnaire universel des contemporains. Ed. 6. 1893. Supp. 1895. Biographical Dictionaries: American Adams. Dictionary of American authors. Ed. 5. 1897-1905. *Allibone. Critical dictionary of English literature & British and American authors. 3 v. 1854-1886. * Supplement, by J. F. Kirk. 2 v. 1891. *Appletons' Cyclopaedia of American biography. 7 v. 1888- 1900. ♦Canadian Who's who. 1910. Morgan. Canadian men and women of the time (triennial). New ed. 1896-1898. National cyclopaedia of American biography. 13 v. 1892-1904. Index and conspectus. 1906. Supplement 1. 1910. *Who's who in America. (Biennial). 1899-date. *Who's who in New England. (Annual). 1909. Biographical Dictionaries: English Adams. Brief hand-book of English authors. 1897. *Allibone. Critical dictionary of Enghsh literature & British & American authors. 3 v. 1854-1886. * Supplement, by J. F. Kirk. 2 v. 1891. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 283 *Clergy list (Clergymen of the Church of England). 1912. *Stephen. Dictionary of national biography (No living person included). 63 v. 1885-1900. Supplement. 3 v. 1901. 2d Supplement. 3 v. 1912. Index & Epitome. 1903. *Who's who. (Annual). 1897-date. (Includes persons other than English of national reputation.) Biographical Dictionaries: German *Kiirschner. Deutscher litteratur kalendar. (Annual). 1894- date. (Gives very condensed information, names & dates — list of works, pseuds., etc.) *Wer ist's (Annual). 1905-date. Biographical Dictionaries: Classical *Smith W. Dictionary of Greek & Roman biography & mythol- ogy & geography. 1894. Before 1453 included authors are treated with special fullness; gives a Ust of best editions & references to principal works. Peerage *Burke. Genealogical & heraldic dictionary of the peerage & baronetage. 1912. Kelly's hand-book to the titled, landed & official classes. 1912. Dictionaries of Fine Arts Champlin. Cyclopaedia of paintings & painting. 4 v< 1892. Gives sketch of the artist, hst of his works, illustrations. Clement. Artists of the 19th century. 2 v. 1899. Painters, sculptors, architects, engravers & their works. 1873-1881. *South Kensington Museum. Universal catalog of books on art. 3 V. 1868-1877. Dictionaries of Music *Baker. Biographical dictionary of musicians. 1900. Supp. 1905. Champlin. Cyclopaedia of music & musicians. 3 v. 1888-1890. *Grove. Dictionary of music & musicians. Newed. 5 v. 1911. 284 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Dictionaries of Science ^American men of science. Ed. 2. 1910. Dictionaries of Women Willard & Livermore. Women of the century. 1893. Anonyms & Pseudonyms: American *Cushing. Anonyms. 1890. * Initials & pseudonyms. Series 1-2. 1885-1888. 1. Pseudonyms & initials followed by real names. 2. Real name followed by pseudonyms or initials, with short biographical notice. Anonyms & Pseudonyms: English *Halkett & Laing. Dictionary of anonymous & pseudonymous literature of Great Britain. 4 v. 1882. (Alphabetic index to author's pseudonyms & including index to authors in v. 4.) Anonyms and Pseudonyms: French *Querard. Supercheries litt6raires d6voil6es. 3 v. 1860-1871. * Pseudonyms. Ed. 2. 3 v. 1882. Bibliographies (Use bibUographies found in the lists of trade bibliography, gen- eral & special bibliography.) Miscellaneous Dictionaries ♦Century. Standard. Webster, or Worcester. Geographical Dictionaries Century atlas of the world. Ed. rev. & enl. cl897-1911. Lippincott's Gazetteer of the World; ed. by Heilprin. New ed. 1906. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 285 Subject Headings *A. L, A. List of subject headings. Ed. 3. 1911. Harvard university. Library. Subject index. Library catalogs. ♦Library of Congress printed cards. Subject headings indicated thereon. Also the printed list of Library of Congress subject headings. Classification Schemes Cutter. Expansive classification. 1891-93. *Dewey. Decimal classification. Ed. 8. 1913. ^Abridged decimal classification. 1894. Library Catalogs: Dictionary A. L. A. Catalog. 1904. Boston Athenaetun. Catalogue of the library. 5 v. 1874- 1882. (Full in analytics.) Cleveland (O.) Public Library. Catalogue. 1889. Detroit (Mich.) Public Library. General catalogue. 1889. Supplement. 3 v. 1894^1904. Grand Rapids (Mich.) Public Library. Complete dictionary catalogue. 1892. *Peabody institute (Baltimore, Md.) Catalogue of the library. 5 V. 1883-1892. Second catalogue. 8 v. 1896-1905. (Gives full line of analjrtics & contents). Library Catalogs: Author ♦London library. Catalogues. (Author). 1903-date. * Subject-index (separate). 1909. New York (City). Public library. Catalogue of the Astor library. 4 v. 1886-1888. United States. Library of Congress. Depository catalogue (printed catalogue cards). Library Catalogs: Classed. (Dewey Decimal Classification) A. L. A. Catalog & Supplement. 1904-11. Fitchbiwg (Mass.) PubUc library. Classified catalogue. 1886. Milwaukee (Wis.) Public library. Systematic catalogue. 1885. 286 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Milwaukee (Wis.) Public Library. Quarterly index of additions, 1886-date. Osterhout free library (Wilkes-Barre, Pa.) Catalogue. 1889. Supplement. 1895. Pittsburgh (Pa.) Carnegie library. Classified catalogue. 3 v. 1907. Classified catalogue. Ser. 2. 2 v. 1907-08. Classified catalogue. Ser. 3. 10 pts. 1912-14. Finding Lists & Brief Catalogs: Classed Buffalo (N. y.) Public library. Lists. Newark (N. J.) Free public Ubrary. Finding lists. Salem (Mass.) Public library. Finding list & Supplements. Scranton (Pa.) Public library. Finding list & Supplements. Finding Lists & Brief Catalogs: Dictionary Jersey City (N. J.) Free public library. Alphabetical finding list and Supplements. Pittsburgh (Pa.) Carnegie library. Catalogue of books in the children's department. 1909. Library Bulletins Boston (Mass.) Public library. Monthly bulletin: Annual list of new & important books. Brooklyn (N.Y.)PubUc library. Quarterly bulletin. (Annotated.) Hartford (Conn.) Public library. Bulletin. Harvard University. Library. Bulletin (published irregularly). Discontinued in 1894. MilwaxJiee (Wis.) Public library. Quarterly index of additions. New York (City.) Public library. Bulletin. New York (State.) State library. Bulletin of additions. 2 v. 1891-1896. Pittsburgh (Pa.) Carnegie library. Monthly bulletin. Providence (R. I.) Athenaeum. Bulletin. Providence (R. I.) Public library. Monthly bulletin. Salem (Mass.) Public library. Bulletin. Almanacs and Year Books *Almanach de Gotha (for Sovereigns). 1764-date. ♦Literary year book (for English writers). 1897-date. *Minerva; Jahrbuch der gelehrten welt (for College professors). 1892-date. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 287 Trade Lists *United States catalog; books in print January 1, 1912; entries under author, subject and title in one alphabet, with particu- lars of binding, price, date and pubhsher. 1912. ♦Cumulative book index (published bi-monthly). Supplement to the U. S. catalog, to date. *American catalog (for current publications). Ceased publica- tion, 1910. *English catalogue of books. 1814-date. English publishers' catalogue. *Kayser. Biicher-lexicon (German pubhshers' catalog). 1750- date. *Lorenz. Catalogue g6n6ral de la librairie frangaise. 1840-date. ♦Publishers' weekly. Bibliographical and Typographical Terms with Definitions. Absolute Location, see Fixed Location. Accession (verb). To enter in an accession-book or oflScial record of additions the title of each book in the order of its acquisi- tion. Accession-Book. The business record book of all volumes in a hbrary added in the order in which they are received. It gives a brief account of each volume, how obtained, price, and such items as may preserve a record of its history in the library. Accession Department. That department of a library's adminis- tration which includes the selection, ordering and accessioning of books. Accession Number. The number given to a volume in the order of its acquisition or addition to a library, corresponding to the number opposite its entry in the accession-book. Accession Order. Arrangement of books on the shelves according to the order of their addition to a class, a numerical and chronological as distinguished from an alphabetical arrange- ment. Accession Stamp. A numbering stamp used in printing or stamping accession numbers in books, on cards, etc. Adaptation. A book or story rewritten or altered and adapted from the original work. Added Edition. The entry on a catalog card of another edition of a work already in the catalog. The second and following are called added editions. 288 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Added Entry. Any entry for a book other than the main or author entry is an added or secondary entry. These may be added entries for title, subjects, editor, translator, illustrator, etc. Administration, see Library Administration. Advance Sheets or Copies. Copies of a book, unbound (sheets) or bound, printed in advance, to be used as a basis for pre- liminary notices, or for simultaneous pubUcation at a place distant from the place of printing and binding. Alcove. A recess or separate compartment for books in a library, formed usually by two bookcases projecting from the wall, making a very small room, which is sometimes fitted up for the purposes of study. Alphabetico-Classed Catalog. An alphabetic subject catalog made by class entry, in which the classes are arranged alpha- betically and the subdivisions of the classes are also arranged in alphabetic order. It may also include author and title entries in the same alphabet. Alternative Title. The subtitle of a book introduced by the word "or" or its equivalent. Ampersand. The abbreviation or sign or character for the word "and"; thus, & (Roman) & (ItaUc) & (black letter). Analysis. The registry of part of a book or of a work contained in a collection. Analytic Entry (or an Analytic). A separate entry (whether under author, subject or title) for a distinct part of a book. The body of the entry is followed by a reference in parentheses to the work of which it forms a part. Annotation. The act of giving additional information in the form of notes, also the notes themselves when made. Anonymous. Published without the author's name. A book is considered anonymous if the author's name does not appear in the book itself. Antiqua. A German expression for Roman types. Appendix. An addition appended to a document or book relating to the main work, usually consisting of- explanatory or statis- tical matter adding to its value, but not essential to its com- pleteness, and thus differing from a supplement, which properly is intended to supply deficiencies and correct inaccuracies. Application Blank. A printed form furnished by a library to be filled out by persons applying for the use of its books. These forms are filed alphabetically in trays or boxes and serve as an index to the registration book. Assumed Name, see Pseudonym. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 289 Asyndetic. Without cross-references. See also Syndetic. Author. 1. The writer of a book, as distinguished from translator, editor, etc. 2. In a broader sense, the maker of a book or the person or body immediately responsible for its existence. Thus, a person who collects and puts together the writings of several authors (compiler or editor) may be said to be the author of a collection. Corporate bodies may be considered the authors of publications issued m their name or by their authority. Author Card. A card bearing an author entry; usually the main author card. (See also Main Entry.) Author Catalog. An alphabetic catalog of author entries, and entries under editors, translators, etc. It also usually con- tains titles, but is then more properly called an author and title catalog. Author Entry. An entry of a work in a catalog under its author's name as heading, whether this be a main or an added heading. The author heading may consist of a personal or a corporate name or some substitute for it; e.g., initials, pseudonyms, etc. Author Number. A combination of letters and figures assigned to each book for the purpose of preserving on the shelves an alphabetic arrangement by author under each class. (See also Call Number.) Author Table. A printed list used in assigning author numbers; for example, the Cutter author tables, or Cutter-Sanborn author tables. Bastard Title, see Half-Title. Bibliographee. One who is the subject of a bibliography. Bibliography. The science which embraces the history and de- scription of books, treats of their authors, subjects, typography, editions, materials, etc. Also used to mean a list of the books or authorities on any particular subject, as a bibUography of architecture or a Ust of books of a particular author, printer, place, or period. Complete bibliography. A hst of all books on an author or subject. General bibliography (or Universal bibliography). Includes bibliographies whose object is to enumerate the titles of books of every age and country and on all subjects. National bibliography. Record of books printed in a certain country. Select bibliography. A list of the best books on an author or subject. 290 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Special bibliography. Confined to books on some particular author or subject and may include all or a selection of the books on that subject or author. Trade bibliography. Application of bibliography to the pur- chase of books. Bibliopegy. The art of binding books. Binder's Title. The title lettered on the back of a book by the binder, as distinguished from the title on the publisher's orig- inal binding or cover. (See also Cover Title.) Bindery Book. A book kept for the purpose of recording in it the titles of all books sent to the bindery. Bindery Slip. A shp sent with each volume to the bindery, on which is given directions to the binder in regard to its lettering and style of binding. Binding. The cover of a book after the volume has been folded and sewn. 1. Full Binding. A binding in which all the outside of the back and sides is of one piece of cloth or leather. 2. Half Binding. A binding in which the back and corners are covered with the leather or material mentioned, and the sides with paper or cloth. 3. Quarter Binding. A book which has leather or cloth on back only, not on corners. 4. Three Quarter Binding. A binding in which the back and corners are covered with the leather, or materials mentioned, of extra width. Biographee. One who is the subject of a biography. Black Letter. A name now given to the Gothic or Old English letter, which was introduced into England about the middle of the fourteenth century, and was the character generally used in manuscripts and in the first printed books. It is still, with various modifications, in common use in Germany. Blind-Tooled. A book is blind-tooled when the tools are impressed upon the leather without gilding and the pattern is left of the natural color of the leather. Boards. A book is said to be "in boards" when the boards are covered only with paper, in distinction from one whose boards are covered with leather or cloth. Body of the Work. The text or subject matter is thus described to distinguish it from the preliminary appendix or notes. Book Binding, see Binding. Book Card. A card kept in each book, on which is written the call number and name of the book to which it belongs and which is taken out when the book is borrowed and kept as a record of the borrower and date. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 291 Book Label. A small label usually pasted on the back of a book on which is written its call number. Round linen ones are best. Book Number. A letter, number, or any combination of numbers, letters, or characters assigned to a book in order to distinguish it from all other books in the same class. (See also Call Number.) Book Plate. A label pasted in a book to mark its ownership and to indicate its location in a library. Book Pocket. A pocket pasted inside the cover of a book to hold the book card or the borrower's card. Book Support. A prop, made in various styles, which is placed upon a shelf to prevent books from falling over, thus preserv- ing the binding and keeping order on the shelves. Book Tag, see Book Label. Borrower's Card. A card given after receipt of application blank to indicate the borrower's right to draw books. It usually has a number and the borrower's name and ad- dress. Borrower's Index. An alphabetic list of all borrowers, serving as an index to the registration book. (See also Application Blank.) Borrower's Register, see Registration Book. Bracket (verb). To enclose between [ ]. Branch Library. A permanent collection of books, forming a small library, which, although belonging to the main library and reporting to it, is housed separately and circulates its books independently. Broadside. A sheet of paper printed on one side only. Calendered Paper. Paper very highly rolled or glazed, much used for printing illustrated books or magazines. Call Number. The number, or combination of numbers and let- ters, which indicates the location of the book on the shelves. In libraries using the relative location, the class number and book number together constitute the call number. (See also Author Number, Book Number, Class Number, Cutter Number.) Call Slip. A printed blank furnished by the library for the use of borrowers on which must be enumerated the authors, titles, and call numbers of the books wanted, or the call numbers only. Caption. The heading at the beginning of the text or of a chapter, section, page or article. Caption Title. The title taken from the caption. 292 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Card Catalog. A catalog of books in a library in which each entry is made on a separate card. The cards are of the same size, and stand on edge in drawers, trays or boxes, and may be arranged either alphabetically or numerically. Card Catalog Case or Card Case. A case of drawers or trays for the storage of the cards forming the card catalog. Card Volume System. An arrangement for a card catalog whereby the cards or slips are held together by an adjustable binder in the form of a book instead of in drawers, as in the common form of the card catalog. Sometimes known as the Leyden form of card catalog. Case. Two faces of shelving together, with front edges of the books facing in and the backs showing on each face. Case Work. In bookbinding applied to that binding in which the case or cover is made separately; the sewed volume being then glued and fastened into the cover. Cast Off. (To cast off copy), in printing, to compute the number of words in written copy in order to fill the space, or the num- ber of pages, which the matter will fill when in type. A troublesome task in uneven or badly written MS. Catalog or Catalogue (of books). A list of books, usually ar- ranged according to some definite plan. As distinguished from a bibliography, it is a list of books in some library or collection. For specific kinds of catalogs see: Accession Book Dictionary Catalog Alphabetic Subject Catalog Name Catalog Alphabetico-Classed Catalog Personal Catalog Author Catalog Shelf List Classed Catalog Subject Catalog Catalogue Raisotme. A catalog of books, paintings, or the like, classed according to their subjects, usually with more or less of comment or explanation. Catchword Entry. Entry made from some word of the title other than the first word and not indicative of the subject, but likely to be remembered and used by borrowers in asking for a book. Ceriph, see Serif. Changed Title. When the same book is published under differ- ent title, or titles, or the original title is translated in various ways, such titles are spoken of as "Changed Titles." (See page 200, for examples and treatment.) Charging Desk. The place where books are returned and received by borrowers. Charging System (or Loan System). Method used in keeping an account of the loan of books. Chart. A sheet showing facts graphically or in tabular form. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 293 Children's Home Library. A collection of a certain number of carefully selected books and periodicals placed in the home of a child who acts as librarian and who chooses about ten children to form a group which meets once a week and is visited by some one who acts as a friend and adviser to the children. Designed to reach the class of children who are not reached by the free public library. Circulating Library. A library from which the borrowers may take books for u§e at home or elsewhere under certain restric- tions; distinguished from a library of reference. Clarendon. A style of type made in any size, having a somewhat heavy and condensed face. The older fonts were called "Egyptian." Class. A group of subjects having common characteristics or attributes. Class Entry. Registering a book under the name of the class; in the subject catalog used in contradistinction to specific entry. Class List, see Shelf List. Class Number. A number, letter or combination of numbers, letters, or other characters, which stands for the subject of a book, and sometimes indicates the place of the book on the shelves. (See also Call Number.) Classed Catalog. A catalog made by class entry, whether the classes so formed are arranged logically, as in the systematic kind, or alphabetically, as in the alphabetico classed. Classification. 1. The act of grouping together in classes books which have the same subject or form. 2. The scheme on which the classes are divided. Broad classification. Classifying books so that they are grouped by large classes rather than by minute subdivisions of the classes. Close classification. Bringing together all the books on a given topic by subdividing classes as closely as possible. Classify. To arrange or group together books which have the same subject; to assign numbers indicating the class of a book from a given scheme of classification. Clerical Errors. Mistakes in copying MS. Cliche. French term for a cast, usually appUed to stereotype or electrotype plates. Cole Size Card. A card devised by Mr. George Watson Cole for ascertaining the size of a book. Collate. 1. To examine a book to see that all the pages, plates, etc., are there, and that they are in correct order. In book- binding the collating follows the gathering of the sheets. 294 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 2. To collect, compare and examine critically books and manu- scripts. 3. To run through the sheets of a book to see if the signatures are in sequence. Collation. A term used to cover that part of the description of a book which is not properly a part of the imprint; namely, volumes, pages, illustrations, maps, plates, portraits, etc. Collection. A number of works or parts of works, considered as constituting a whole; e.g., a collection of monographs, a collec- tion of essays, a collection of poems. Collector. A compiler; one who gathers and puts together sev- eral works or parts of books, or scattered pieces in one book. Often called editor. Colon Abbreviations. Abbreviations for the most common forenames made by using the initial, followed by a colon for men and . . for women, thus H: (Henry) J: (John) M.. (Mary), etc. Colophon. An inscription or other emblematic device at the end of a book giving the title, writer's and printer's or publish- er's name, and date and place of printing. Frequently one or more of these items is omitted; again there may be in ad- dition the printer's or publisher's device. Compiler. One who produces a literary work by collecting and putting together written or printed materials from various sources. (See also Editor.) Compound Name. A name formed from two or more proper names, often connected by a hyphen, a conjunction, or a preposition. Continuation. 1. A work p^iblished as a supplement to one previously issued. 2. A part issued in continuance of a serial or book. Copy Numbers (or Copy Letter). A figure or letter added to the Call Number of a book to distinguish different copies of the same book from each other; e. g., 821C46; 821C46S; or, 821C46 (cop. 2). Corporate Entry. Entry under the names of bodies or organiza- tions (a government, department, congress, council, society, etc.) for works published in their name or by their authority. Cover Title. The title printed on the original covers of a book or lettered on the publisher's binding, as distinguished from the title lettered on the back of a particular copy of the book by the binder. (See also Binder's Title.) Cross Reference. Reference from one heading to another. (Corresponds to double entry in dictionary cataloging.) In a dictionary catalog, the references made back and forth between the subjects, to bind them together and give a com- CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 295 plete view of the resources of the library on allied subjects, are called cross references. In a classed catalog, when a book treats of more than one subject or may be useful under more than one class, the reference made under any subject other than the main class is called cross reference. See also "See" Reference and "See Also" Reference. Cut Edges. A book which has been cut on the three sides is said to have cut edges. Cut-in-Notes. Side-notes which are inserted within the text at the side instead of in the margin, thereby displacing a part of the text. Cutter Number. The number obtained from the Cutter or Cutter-Sanborn Author tables, and used with the initial letter of an author's surname to form the book number. (See also Call Number.) Date. 1. Imprint date. The year of publication as specified on the title-page. 2. Copjrright date. The date of copyright as given in the book, as a rule on the back of the title-page. 3. Preface date. The date given at the beginning or end of the preface. 4. Introduction date. The date given at the beginning or end of the introduction. 5. Dedication date. The date given at the beginning or end of the dedication. 6. Colophon date. The date given in the colophon. Decimal Classification. A system for classifying books devised by Melvil Dewey, the distinguishing features of which are the grouping and numbering of the heads by the common arith- metical figures treated decimally. Deckle. The raw or ragged edge of handmade paper is thus termed; it is equivalent to the more common designation, "rough-edged." Dedication. An address to a patron or friend, prefixed to a book or other production, testifying respect, and often recommend- ing the work to his special protection and favor. Delivery Station. A place where borrowers of a public hbrary may receive and return books without going to the main library. The books are collected and sent to the main library with the borrowers' orders for new books. Departmental Library. 1. A type of library in which all the books are separated into distinct libraries, each of which covers a special field, contains all the books in the library on that sub- ject, and has a separate room with a special library and catalog. 296 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 2. In university and college libraries applied to a collection of books kept in a department of the college not in the main library but under its control. Depository. Various important libraries selected by the U. S. Government to receive, store, and keep for use the government publications are called "government depositories." Depository Catalog. Complete author catalog of the Library of Congress on cards. 51 libraries in the U. S. are in receipt of depository catalogs. Dewey Decimal Classification, see Decimal Classification. Diagram. An illustrative figure giving only the mechanical plan, outline, or general scheme (not an exact representation) of the object. Dictionary Catalog. That form of catalog in which the headings (author, title, subject, and form) are arranged alphabetically like the words in a dictionary; it is distinguished from other alphabetic catalogs by giving specific entry in all cases. Documents, see Public Documents. Double Entry Charging System. A system for charging books in which two records are kept at the library, one of the books, and one of the borrowers. The Boston Athenaeum is an example of this. Double Entry (in Dictionary Cataloging). The entry of a book treating of more than one subject under each distinct sub- ject. Dummy. A board of the thickness of an ordinary book on which a label is pasted indicating the locality of a book kept else- where than in its regular place. Dummy Copy. A copy generally made up of blank leaves to represent the actual bulk of a work not quite complete. Duodecimo. In the United States, a book composed of sheets folded to form 12 leaves, each leaf measuring about 5yi inches in width by 7^ inches in height when the leaf is uncut, and corresponding to crown octavo of British publishers. This size in books is briefly indicated by 12mo or D or 12°. Duplicate. A second copy of a book identical with the first in edition, contents, and imprint (binding and paper may differ). Edition. 1. The whole number of copies of a work printed from the same set of types and issued at the same time. 2. The statement in the title or in the imprint of the issue to which any given copy of a book belongs, as distinguished by number, or some descriptive word, revised, enlarged, etc.; e.g., Ed. 4, Ed. rev., Ed. 2 enl., etc. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 297 Editor. One who prepares for publication a work or collection of works not his own. The editorial labor may be limited to the preparation of the matter for the printer, or it may include supervision of the printing, revision (restitution), or elucidation of the text, and the addition of introductions, notes, and other critical matter. (See also Compiler.) Elision Marks. Three dots, thus . . . used in exact cataloging, to indicate the omission of one or more words from the title. End Papers. The blank leaves placed at the beginning or end of a book in binding. Also called fly-leaves or end leaves. Entiy. The record of a book in a catalog or list. See also Main entry, Title entry, Analjrtic entry. Series entry. Subject entry. Entry Word. The first word of the heading under which the book is registered in the catalog. Epitome. The abridgment of a work without material change in style or purpose. It retains the substance or principal matter of the original. Expansive Classification. A system of classification devised by C. A. Cutter. Face. The entire unbroken front of shelving on one side of a double case or on one side of a room or gallery. Facsimile. An exact copy, or reproduction of an original in all its proportions, qualities, and peculiarities: as a facsimile of manuscript, of typography, of an autograph, etc. When a book contains facsimiles the fact is indicated in the collation by the abbreviation (facsim.). Fascicle (Fascicule in French). A part of a book published in numbers. Finding List. A condense^ catalog of the books in a library, omitting descriptions of editions, and containing usually simply the author's name, brief title and call number. First Word Entry. Entry made from the first word of a title not an article. Fixed Location. The marking and placing of books on shelves where their location in the library is never altered. Fly Title, see Half Title. Fold Symbol. A symbol (a printer's mark) indicating the num- ber of leaves into which a sheet is folded, and thereby approxi- mately the size of the page. Folio. 1. A sheet of paper folded in two leaves or four pages only. 2. A book or periodical composed of sheets folded but once taving four pages to a sheet; hence, a book of the largest size. 298 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Font. This term is applied to the whole number of letters con- stituting a complete set of types of any particular class of face or body. Fore Edge. The outer side of a book (distinct from the head or tail) when folded. Form. In classification used to mean the grouping of books according to the manner or form in which they have been written; e.g. Essays, Poetry, Cyclopedias, Almanacs, etc. Form Entry. Registry of a book under the name of the kind or style of literature to which the book belongs. Format. The bibliographical term for size and shape of a book. Fractur. A German expression for German text or black-letter characters. Free Access, see Open Shelf System. Free Library, see Free Public Library. Free Public Library. One organized under state laws, supported in part at least by local taxation, managed as a public trust, and which allows the free circulation of its books alike to every resident of the community. Frontispiece. A plate or other illustration facing (or preceding) the title-page. Sometimes used to designate an engraved title-page. Full Binding, see Binding. General Cross Reference Card, see Cross Reference. Government Documents, see Public Documents. Guide Card. A projecting labeled card inserted in a card cata- log to aid in finding a desired place or heading. Half Binding, see Binding. Half Title. 1. The title of a book printed usually without author's name or imprint, on the leaf preceding the main title page, usually a briefer form of the title; called also Bastard title. 2. A brief title placed on a separate leaf, dividing the sec- tions of a work. Head-Line. The line at the top of the page giving the title of the book, or the subject of the chapter or of the page. Headband. 1. A decorative terminal cord or roll forming the end of the inner back of a book. 2. A decorative band at the head of a page or chapter in a printed book. Heading. The word (or words) by which the alphabetic place of an entry in the catalog is determined, generally the name of the author, the subject, or the first word, not an article, of the title. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 299 Heads. A term applied to the margins at the tops of the pages. Home Library, see Children's Home Library. Imprint. The place, publisher's name and date, ordinarily printed at the foot of the title-page. In a broader sense the term is used to include paging, size, etc. Incimabula. Books printed before 1500. Indent. To set a line in some little distance from the left edge or margin of a card or sheet of paper, as in the case of a fresh paragraph. Independent. In cataloging, when two books are bound together as one voliune, each having a distinct pagination and title- page, they are said to be independent, or independents. Index. An alphabetical list of topics treated in a book or books, showing exactly where in the book or books the subject is to be found. Indicator. A contrivance used in English libraries for displaying by means of numbers differently colored, or numbered spaces left blank, shown in a frame facing the public, the books which are not in circulation. Inferior Figures and Letters. Those made to range at the bot- tom of letters, thus: — l 2345aeiou. Information Desk. A place set aside in a library where readers may find some' one to assist them in their search for information. Inter-Branch Loan System. An arrangement by which the borrower in a large branch system may obtain from his branch, within a specified time, the book wanted, no matter in which branch it is contained. Inter-Library Loans. An arrangement made between libraries whereby one library may borrow from another library books which are difficult to obtain, or wanted for some special pur- pose by a responsible borrower. Joint Author. A person who writes a book in collaboration with one or more associates, the portion written by each one not usually being specified. Joint Author Card. In a card catalog, applied to the cards written for the second and following authors of a book written conjointly. Label, see Book Label. Large Paper Edition. An edition of a book printed on paper of extra size, allowing wide margins; the letter press is the same as in the small paper edition. 300 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Leaded Matter. Types set up with leads (thin strips of type metal) between the lines, forming spaces; used in contradis- tinction to "solid" matter. Ledger System. A system for charging books in which the records are kept in a book instead of on slips or cards. Lending Library, see Circulating Library. Letter Symbol for Size Notation. The designation of the size of a book by the letter of the size, founded on actual measurement (not on the fold) as agreed upon by the American Library Association. Letterpress. Printed matter from type, as distinct from litho- graphic or plate printing. Librarian. One who has charge of the books, contents and ad- ministration of a library. Librarianship. The position and duties of a librarian. Library. 1. A collection of books and other literary material kept for reading, study and consultation. 2. A place, building, room or rooms set apart for the keeping and use of a collection of books, etc. Library Administration. The administration of a library is the force behind the machinery of its working routine. To oversee the work of a library in all its relations, to plan for and promote its usefulness, is the work of the library administrator, and it embraces the supervision and development of the work of all departments and the solution of their various problems; library administration must of necessity begin where library organization ends. Library Economy. The practical appUcation of library science to the founding, organizing and administration of libraries. Library Organization. Library organization must of necessity precede library administration. Decision upon the methods and hnes along which the hbrary is to be run, and getting these methods into working order is the basis of hbrary organi- zation. Plans for and erection of the library building; execu- tive decisions with regard to selection, appointment and duties of the staff, the planning and putting into practice a definite system upon which the work of the library is to be carried on — these are successive stages in library organization. Organiza- tion is the act or process of organizing; i.e. creating a systematic imion of individuals in a body whose officials, agents and members work together for a common end. Administration is the act of administering such a union; i.e. directing an office, service, employment, etc. Organization creates the machine; Administration runs it. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 301 Library Science. The science relating to the administration of libraries: library economy and bibliography. List Price. The price of a book as quoted by the publisher in his catalog. Loan Desk, see Charging Desk. Loan System, see Charging System. Lower Case Letters. The small letters as distinguished from capitals, as used here, a, b, c, d, etc. Magazine, see Periodical. Main Entry (or Main Card). The principal entry of a book in the catalog usually giving fuller title and imprint information than other entries and usually the author card. (See also Author Card.) Main Entry Word. The first word on the principal catalog entry, usually the author's name. Mercantile Library. A subscription library established for and managed by the mercantile class. Movable Location. The position of books in a library when arranged by their subjects rather than by a fixed shelf number, the relative position of the classes remaining the same, while the actual location of the books in the library is movable. Name Catalog. A catalog arranged alphabetically by names of persons and places, whether used as authors or subjects. A title catalog may be included in the same alphabet. Name Reference, see Cross Reference. Net Price. The list price less all discounts; a book is quoted "net" when it is subject to little or no discount to the trade. Nom de Plume, see Pseudonym. Notation. A system of signs (figures, letters, arbitrary characters, or any combination of these marks) used to designate the class and book number or shelf number of the volumes of a library, so as to assist in finding or replacing them accurately and quickly. Octavo. A book composed of sheets folded to form 8 leaves, measuring about 6 inches in width by 9}^ inches in height (medium 8vo) written briefly Svo or or 8°. There are several sizes of Svo; demi 8vo, royal 8vo, imperial Svo, etc. Off-Set. A more or less distinct impression of type or pictures to the back of the next sheet delivered from the press made when the sheets are laid together before the ink is dry. Omission Marks, see EUsion Marks. 302 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Open Shelf System. This system permits free access on the part of the public to any or all shelves in the library. Order List. The record kept of books as they are ordered. Organization, see Library Organization. Out of Print. A book is out of print when the publisher has no more copies for sale. Pagination. System of signs and numbers by which the con- secutive pages of a book are marked, also the statement of them in the collation. Paleography. The science and art of deciphering ancient manu- scripts and documents, including the knowledge of the various characters used at different periods by the scribes of different nations and languages, their usual abbreviations, etc. Pamphlet. A printed work consisting of a few sheets of paper stitched together but not bound; now in a restricted technical sense eight or more pages of printed matter (not exceeding five sheets) stitched or sewed, with or without a thin paper wrapper or cover. Partial Title. An entry made for part of the title of a book, well- known under that part; i.e. Tom Sawyer, for book entitled Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Pen-Name, see Pseudonym. Periodical. A publication intended to appear in successive numbers or parts at more or less regular intervals and, as a rule, for an indefinite time; each part properly contains matter on a variety of topics, generally by several contributors. Memoirs, Proceedings, Journals, etc., of societies, are not considered regular periodicals. Plan. The representation of anything drawn on a plane, as a map or chart, specifically, the representation of a building or other structure in horizontal section, as it stands or is intended to stand on the ground, showing its extent and the division and distribution of its area into apartments, rooms, passages, etc., or its method of construction and the relation of its parts. Plate. A full page illustration usually printed on special (heavy) paper, one side of the leaf being blank. Plates are not as a rule included in the paging. Polygraphic . Written by several authors. Preface. A brief explanation or address (usually a personal statement or apology) to the reader at the beginning of a book or other publication, and separate from the body of the work; distinguished from an introduction. Preliminary. Any matter coming before the text of a work, as title, preface, contents, etc. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 303 Printer. The person who prints a book, as distinguished from the publisher and bookseller who issue and sell it. Privately Printed. Books are said to be privately printed when they are issued from a private press, or for private distribution only, and are not (ordinarily) in the trade. For books pri- vately printed the name of the printer or the press is to be followed by the abbreviation "priv. print." before the date in the imprint. Proof. A trial impression from composed type, plates or blocks taken for correction. Proprietary Library. A library that is owned on shares by a limited number of stockholders. Pseudonjrm. A fictitious name assumed by a writer in order to conceal his identity. Public Documents. The regular oflB^cial pubHcations of a government, containing reports, statistics, etc. Public Library. One that is not restricted to the use of any class of persons in the community; open to all, but not necessarily free. Often used with the same meaning as Free public library. Public School Library. A library which is under the control of a board of education and supported by money from the school funds. Publisher. One who publishes; especially one who issues or causes to be issued from the press and offers for sale or circu- lation matter printed, engraved, or the like. See also Printer. Publisher's Price, see List Price. Pulls. A term often applied to proofs. Quarter Binding, see Binding. Quarto. A book composed of sheets folded to form four leaves, about 7 by 814 or 10 by 13 inches, according to present usage, the name being understood to denote a shape approaching the square; written briefly 4to or Q or 4°. Quire. Twenty-four sheets. Books in sheets, that is, not bound, are said to be in quires. Quotes. A printer's term for turned commas (") and apostrophes ("), placed respectively at the beginning and end of quoted matter. Reader's Card, see Borrower's Card. Reading-List. A Ust of the best books and articles on a subject, giving suggestion for reading and study designed to help the special student. Reading-Room. A room set aside for reading and study, usually provided with the current newspapers and periodicals. 304 CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES Ream. Twenty quires. A printer's ream is 516 sheets; hand- made and drawing papers sometimes 472, 480 or 500 sheets. Recto. The page to the right hand when the book is open, always the uneven number. Reference. An entry made under one heading to direct atten- tion to another heading is called a reference. Reference Book. 1. Reference book proper, such as a dictionary or an encyclopedia, intended to be consulted for definite points of information (rather than read through) and arranged with explicit reference to ease in finding specific facts. 2. Books not allowed to circulate, but kept for reference only. Reference Card, see Cross Reference. Reference Library. A hbrary where the books may not be taken from the building, but are for consultation only. Reference List. A fist of the books and articles on some subject referring to all the available reading matter on it in the library, usually subdivided by topics so as to make it more useful. Reference Work. That branch of the hbrary's administration which includes the assistance given to readers in their search for information on various subjects. Registration. The act of recording in a register the names of the borrowers of the Ubrary. Registration Book or Borrower's Register. A Ust of all borrowers of a library kept in the order of their apphcation by numbers which are assigned also to its readers' cards. Relative Location, see Movable Location. Reprint. 1. A reproduction of an earlier edition of a work, with- out alteration; a new title-page may be added or substituted, or the original title-page may be used, with or without the addition or substitution of the date of the reprint ; reproductions in facsimile, whether printed from type or otherwise, are called facsimile reprints. 2. A "separate," i.e. an article from a serial publication or collection, separately issued, whether printed from the forms or plates of the original or from type reset. Rubricated. Printed in red ink. Rudolph Continuous Indexer. A cabinet for storing the entries of a catalog for the use of the public, in which the entries are inserted in a series of leaves of press board which revolve around a pair of hexagonal drums. The Newberry Library has a Rudolph indexer. Running Title. A title or headline repeated at the head of succeed- ing pages, throughout a book or chapter. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 305 Sale Duplicates. The extra copies of volumes which a library does not need and wishes to dispose of by sale or exchange. School District Library. A library administered by school officials and made free of access to the people of the community. Secondary Fullness. The fullness with which, in very full cataloging, an author is given on all secondary cards; i.e. all cards except the main card; e.g. The name is written out in full if the author has but one Christian or forename. Initials of the forename only are given if there is more than one. In case of married women one forename and the maiden name constitute secondary fullness and may be written out. Section, see Signature. "See" Reference. In a dictionary catalog, when referring from a heading under which no entries are to be made (for instance, a reference from an abandoned subject heading, or from a pseudonym to an author's real name or vice versa), the word "see" alone is used. Such a reference is called a "see" reference. "See Also" Reference. In a dictionary catalog, when a refer- ence is made connecting two headings, both in use (for instance, from one subject heading to another or other aUied headings), the words "see also" are used. Such a reference is called a "see also" reference. Separate. An article from a serial pubUcation or a collection, separately issued, whether printed from the forms or plates of the origioal or from type reset. Serial. A publication issued in successive parts, usually at regular intervals, and as a rule, intended to be continued indefinitely. Serials include periodicals, annuals (reports, year-books, etc.), and memoirs, proceedings and transactions of societies. Serial Number. The number denoting the place of the publica- tion in a series, as Third annual report. Series. 1. A number of volumes, usually related to one another in subject or otherwise, issued successively by a pubUsher, as a rule in uniform type, with a collective title which generally appears at the head of the title-page, on the half-title, or on the cover. 2. Each of two or more volumes of essays, lectures, articles or other writings, similar in character and issued in sequence, e.g. Lowell's Among my books, second series. 3. Several successive volumes of a periodical or other serial publication numbered separately in order to distinguish them from preceding or following volumes of the same publication; e.g. Notes and queries, 1st series, 2d series, etc. 306 CATALOGING FOB SMALL LIBRARIES Series Entry. A brief entry of the several works in the library which belongs to a series under the name of that series as heading. Series Note. The name of a series enclosed in parenthesis placed on the catalog card after the imprint and collation. Serif. The fine cross line on the top and bottom of a letter, as in H. Sans-serif thus: h Set Off, see Off-set. Shelf List. A brief record of the books in a library with the entries arranged as the books stand on the shelves. The shelf list thus arranged forms a condensed subject catalog, but is used chiefly in taking the inventory of a library at stated intervals. Sometimes termed Class list. Shelf List Card. An index sized card on which is given the call number, author, title, date and number of volumes and accession numbers of all copies of a book. Arranged in class order like books on the shelves. Shelf List Sheets or Shelf Sheets. The sheets on which the shelf list is sometimes made. Shoulder Notes. Marginal notes placed at the upper inner cor- ner of the page. Signature. 1. One of the folded, printed sheets which forms part of a book. Also called section. 2. The figure or letter or other distinguishing mark placed by the printer at the bottom of the first page of each section, to indicate its order to the binder; also used by printers to identify any particular sheet. Single Entry Charging System. A system lor charging books in which but one record is kept at the library, that of the books. The Brooklyn Public Library and Newark Free Public Library are examples of this. Size (of book). The size of a book is measured by its height; but in addition to that measurement it is called "narrow" if the width of the cover is less than 34 of the height; "square" if more than ^; and " oblong" if the width of the cover is greater than the height. The Cole size card or a centimeter rule is used for ascertaining the size of a book. Size Card, see Cole Size Card. Size Copy. A thickness or dummy copy (q.v.) Size Letters. A series of abbreviations, chiefly single letters, to indicate the sizes of books, adopted for the use of the A. L. A. in 1878. Size Notation. The designation of the size of a book by means of the number of the fold, the letter of the size, or by actual measurement. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 307 Size Rule. A metric rule on which are stamped the size letters and the corresponding fold symbols. Slips. Applied to matter not made up into pages, but pulled as proofs in long slips. Small Capitals. The smaller capitals (as distinct from the full capitals) thus: a, b, c, etc. Indicated in MS. by two strokes (===) underneath. Sobriquet. A fanciful descriptive or humorous appellation; a nickname. Specific Cross-Reference. Reference to a specific book in the catalog. Specific Entry. Registry of a book under a heading which expresses its special subject as distinguished from entering it in a class which includes that subject. Stack. A series of double-faced bookcases grouped in one room, usually placed as close together as possible to allow of compact storage of books. The stack may be one or more stories high, as, a "five-storied stack." Standing. Type not distributed after printing is said to be "standing." State Library. A library supported by a State and located at the Capital of a State chiefly for the use of its executive, legislative and judicial departments. Stereotypes. Casts of pages of types, etc., in metal, either by "plaster" or "paper" process. Sub-Title. A secondary or subordinate or additional title of a book, usually explanatory. Subhead. A secondary heading used to subdivide the entries under a subject heading, e.g. France. Manners and customs. Subject. The theme or themes of a book. Subject Catalog. A catalog of subjects, whether arranged in classes or alphabeted by names of subjects. Subject-Entry. Registry of a book under the name selected by the cataloger to indicate the subject. Subject Fullness, see Secondary Fullness. Subject-Heading. A heading under which are entered all the books relating to a subject. Subject Reference, see Cross Reference. Subject-Word Entry. Entry made under a word of the title which indicates the subject of the book. Subscription Library. A library that is open to any one on pay- ment of a fee. Superior Letters and Figures. Small letters cast at the top of the shoulder of type, used for references or abbreviations, thus ^mor. 'cf. 308 CATALOGING FOB SMALL LIBRARIES Swash Letters. Seventeenth century itaUc capitals with tails and flourishes. Systematic Catalog. A subject catalog made by class-entry in which the classes are arranged in logical order according to some system of classification. Sjmdetic. Applied to that kind of dictionary catalog which con- nects its entries by means of cross reference so as to form a whole. Table-Tail. The bottom or lower edge of a book. The term is applied both to the paper of the text and to the cover of the book. Three-Quarter Binding, see Binding. Tier. A row of shelves placed one above another between two uprights and reaching from the floor to the top of shelving Time Numbers. A series of book numbers designed to preserve the arrangement of books on the shelves in chronologic order in contradistinction to the author or alphabetic order. Title. In the broad sense, the distinguishing name of any written production, as given on the title-page, including the name of the author, editor, translator, the edition, etc., but excluding the imprint. In the narrow sense, the title does not include the name of the author, editor, etc. See also Alternative Title, Binder's Title, Caption Title, Cover-Title, Half-Title, Running-Title, Sub-Title. Title-Entry. The record of a book in the catalog under some word of the title, generally the first word not an article. A title entry may be a main entry or an added entry. Title-Page. The page at the front of a book or printed work, which contains its full title and usually gives author's name, pubhsher, place and date of publication. Tracing. In a card catalog, the method of indicating on the main card the secondary entries made for any book. Tracing is done in two ways, by means of underlining on the face of the card, or by means of notes on the back. The latter is preferable. Transliteration. The representation of the letters or approximate sounds of a language having a peculiar alphabet by the alpha- betical characters of another. Before Russian or Greek names can be arranged in an English catalog, they must be ex- pressed in Roman characters. Traveling Library. A collection of a certain number of books, usually 50 or 100, which may be lent for a limited period to responsible borrowers on payment of a nominal fee to cover expenses of transportation, etc. CATALOGING FOR SMALL LIBRARIES 309 Turned Commas, see Quotes. Two-Book System. A system by which a library permits two books to be drawn at a time or on different days if the reader wishes, usually with the provision that only one book may be a novel. Typography. 1. The art of composing types and printing from them. 2. The execution of printed matter, its general ap- pearance and arrangement. Uncut. A book is uncut when it has untrimmed edges. If the edges have been opened with a paper knife without trimming the margin, it is said to be opened, but is uncut. Uncut Edges. Books not cut down, but not necessarily unopened. Unopened Edges. Applied to books the edges of which have not been opened. Vernacular. The language or mother tongue of a given country. Names given in the vernacular are given in the form customary in the native country of the person. Verso. The obverse or back of a leaf, the reverse of "recto." The page to the left hand when the book is open, always the even number. Volume. 1. A book distinguished from other parts of the same work by having its own title-page and usually independent paging. 2. Whatever is bound in one cover. Wrong Font. Letters of a different character or series mixed with another font. Addresses of Places Mentioned in the Text A. L. A. Publishing Board. 78 East Washington St., Chicago, 111. Chiver's Book Binding Company. 911 Atlantic Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Library Bureau. 316 Broadway, N. Y. City, N. Y. 6 North Michigan Ave., Chicago, 111. 43 Federal St., Boston, Mass. "Library Journal." R. R. Bowker Company, 241 West 37th St., N. Y. City, N. Y. "Public Libraries." 6 North Michigan Ave., Chicago 111. INDEX The figures indicate the pages. Sample cards follow each point but are not noted in the Index. The definitions of the terms used in the Index will be found on pages 287-309, under the heading "Bibliographical and typo- graphical terms, with definitions." Abridgments, 242 Accession number, 1-2, 27 Accession record, 1 accession number, 1—2, 27 dispensing with accession boolc, 1-2 entries in accession boolf, 2 sample page of accession book, 3 standarized form of accession book, 1 Adaptations, 242 Added editions, 216 call number for, 216 dash for author's name, 216 edition, statement of, 217 entries on author card, 216 entries on series card, 217 entries on subject card, 216 entries on title card, 216 imprint and collation for, 217 series note on all cards, 216 spacing, 216 title, repetition of, how indicated, 216 title, variations in, how indicated, 216 Added entry cards, 145, 240 added or secondary author cards, 240 subject cards, 35 title cards, 32 for ^ society before which an address has been delivered, 231 for almanacs and year-books, 120 for anonymous books, 86 for anonymous classics, 125 for authors who have written under initials, 82 . for concordances, 242 for dictionaries, 115 for directories, 120 for editors, compilers, translators, etc., 145 for extracts or collections, 258 for government documents, 132 for individual biography, 213 for joint authors, 94 for music, 254 for partial and changed titles, 200 for periodicals, 106 for pseudonymous books, 69 for revisions and abridgments, epit- omes and adaptations, 242 for sacred books, 125 for society publications, 132 for supplements and continuations, keys and indexes, 221 notes on, 23, 41, 42, 107, 121, 201 Added or secondary authors, 94, 240 (sample cards, 104) Almanacs, 120 Alphabetizing, 94, 233, 262 Alternative titles, 22 (sample card, 28) see also Partial titles A. L. A. Catalog rules, 12, 275 A. L. A. List of subject headings, 36, 53, 275 Analytics, 152 author analytic, 155 subject analytic, 157 title analytic, 156 author's name, 155 call number, 156 combinations on one card, 153 compare with independents, 152 entries on main card, 153 for government documents, 133 form of entries, 155 imprint and collation, 156 Library of Congress cards used for analytic entries, 183 paging, 156 punctuation, 156 reference to main work, 156 spacing, 156 title of analytic, how given, 156 tracing, 154, 164 treatment on printed cards, 157 value of analytics, 8, 38 volumes, how indicated, 156 Annotations, 25, see also Notes Annual reports, 132 Annuals, 120, see also Periodicals Anonymous books, 86, 154 added entry under title, 86 compilations or collections with or without editor or compiler, 86, 89 (sample card, 182) credited to wrong author, 237 when author is known, 86 when author is not known, 86 see also Cyclopedias; Dictionaries; Directories; Periodicals Anonymous classics, 125 Arabic figures for dates (see sample cards), 27 for paging of analytics (see sample cards), 152 for volumes (see sample cards), 28 Arrangement of cards, 94, 233, 262 Article, initial, 21, 24 disregarded in alphabetizing, 22 inclosed in curves, 22 (sample card, 30) omission of, in English, 21 retained in foreign languages, 22 (sample cards, 30) Associations, 132 Attributed authors, 237 Author analytics, 152 Author cards, 19 accession number on back of, 27 call number, 26 capitalization, 22 compiler as author, 21 contents and notes, 23 (see also Contents; Notes.) 311 312 INDEX Author cards (continued). editor as author, 21 (sample card, 28) editor's and translator^ name in title, 145 extension card, 25 (sample card, 24) fullness and form of uame in heading, 19 imprint and collation, 22 indention, 21 series note, 23 spacing, 22 title of book, 22 tracing, 27 translator as author, 21 various kinds of author cards, 14 see also Main card. Authors joint, see also Joint authors pseudonymous, 69 selections from single work of an au- thor published separately, 232 Authors, lists of, 15 compound names, 17 married women, 18 noblemen, 17 simple authors with one or more fore- names, 15 surnames with prefixes and suffixes, foreign and anglicized, 15 Author's name, 19 fullness and form on main card, 19 fullness and form on secondary or added entry cards: title card, 32, subject card, 42, cross reference cards, 49; editor cards, 145, etc. married women, 18 reference from one form to another, 20 secondary fullness, 20 see also Corporate entries: Name references. Autobiography, 213 Bible, 125 Bibliographical terms with definitions, 287 Bibliography, 275 list of some of the more Important books and articles on cataloging for suggestive reading, 275 use of colored cards, 233 Binders' titles, 200 Biography, collective, 25, 210, 272 Biography, family, 210 Biography, individual (including Auto- biography), 156, 191, 213 Bodies as authors, 132 Book number, 26, 271 Book numbers assigned to 150 books, 54 "Bound with" note, 184 Brackets, use of, 22 Bulletins, 134 Bureaus, publications of, 132 Call numbers, 25, 26 for added editions, 216 not given on reference cards, 26 on series cards, 189 on subject cards, 42 on title cards, 33 Call numbers assigned to 150 books, 54 Capitalization in book title, 22 Cards, arrangement of, 94, 233, 262 Catalog, what information it should give, 11 /alo Catalog cards, various kinds in a dic- tionary catalog, 13 Catalog rules (A. L, A.), 12 Cataloger, some needed qualifications, 12 Cataloging, 1 preliminary steps, 8 terms used, with definitions, 287 Catch titles, 200 Changed names, 49 Changed title, 200 in periodicals, 106 Children's books, subject headings for. 42 Christian names, see Forenames Class list, see Shelf list Class number, 26 Class numbers assigned to 150 books, 54 Classification of books, 10 cuppings, 239 Collation, 22 for analytics, 152 for periodicals, 106 on editor cards, 145 • on series cards, 189 on subject cards, 42 on title cards, 32 spacing, 22 Collected works from periodicals, 232 under compiler, editor or translator as author, 152 under title, 86 Collective biography, see Biography, collective Colored cards for criticism and bibliog- raphy, 233 Compiler as author, 21 as added entry, 145 Compiler cards, 145 for government documents, 132 Composers, see Music Compound surnames, list of, 17 Concordances, 242 Conferences, international, local, occa- sional, 135 Congress, Library of, see Library of Congress Consistency in cataloging, 11, 12, 19 Contents, 23, 42, 153 (sample cards, 29), see also Analytics, 152 Continuations, 221 see also Periodicals; Corporate entries Copies, 2, 4 Copyright date on main card, 22 on subject cards, 35 on title cards, 32 Corporate entires, 132 added entry under bodies, 135 corporate joint authorship 94 (sample card, 104, 105, 141) reference aids for cataloging, 136 see also Periodicals Correspondence, writers in, 92 Countries, official publications of, 132 as subject headings, 37 Countries with subheads, list of, 45 Cover titles, 200 Criticism, 233' use of colored cards. 233 Cross references, see Name references; References ; Subject references Curves initial article in, 22 maiden name of married women in, 21 on analytic cards referring to main work, 157 series note in, 188 Cutter number, 26, 271 Cutter-Sanborn author tables, 26, 271 Cyclopedias, 115 added entry under editor or publisher, 115 INDEX 313 Cyclopedias (continued). main entry under editor as author, 115 main entry under title, 115 Dash for author's name and repetition of title on added edition cards, 216 Date copyright, single and Inclusive, 22 for periodicals, 106 imprint or publication date, 22 on editor cards, 145 on subject cards, 42 on title cards, 32 spacing, 22 supplied in title for history and travel, 22 Definitions of bibliographical and typo- graphical terms, 287 Degrees, not used, 20 Departments, ofBcial publications of, 132 Depository catalog Library of Con- gress, 136, 280, 281 Dewey decimal classification, 10, 37 40, 85, 270 Dictionaries, 115 added entry under editor or pub- lisher, 115 main entry under editor as author, 115 main entry under title, 115 Dictionary catalog, 7, 13, 262 Directories, 120 main entry under compiler as author, 120 main entry under place, 120 Documents, 132 Dots, see Omissions from title Double entry for subjects, 35 Doubtful authorship, 237 Dramatization of novels, etc., 243, (sample cards, 247) Ecclesiastical titles, 20 Edition, 216 (sample card, 30) statement of, 216 see also Added editions Editor as added entry, 145 as author, 21 (sample card, 28) as given in book title on mam and secondary cards, 145 of series, tracing for, 195 joint editors as authors, 94 joint editors as secondary entries, 146 on subject cards, 145 on title cards, 145 (see also sample cards for sacred books and anonymous classics) Editor cards, 145 editor references, 146 for Bible, 125 for government documents, 133 for series, 189 joint editors, 145 not given for periodicals, 106 Encyclopedias, see Cyclopedias Entry, see . , , Added entry cards; analytics; author cards; corporate entries; main cards; series cards; subject cards; title cards. Epitomes, 242 Explanatory titles, punctuation, 22 Extension cards, 25, 189 (see also sample cards under Periodicals) Extracts from periodicals, 232 Extracts from single author, 258 Family biography, see Biography, family Family names of noblemen, 17, see also Noblemen, list of Fiction, 10 annotated, 10 call number for, 26, 271 subject headings for, 10 Filing, see Arrangement of cards First word entries for anonymous books, 86 for periodicals, 106 see also Annuals; Cyclopedias; Dic- tionaries; Directories Foreign names with prefixes, list of, 15 Forenames list of authors entered under, 18 secondary fullness, 15 see also Name references Form headings, 41 French surnames with prefixes and sufBxes, 15 Full card see Added or secondary authors; Author cards; Main cards Genealogies, 210 Government department, joint author- ship, 94 Government documents, 132 reference aids for cataloging, 136 Half-titles, 200 Headings, inverted, punctuation, 42 Ust of, 44 see also Author cards; Periodicals; Subject headings History in fiction, 10 Honorary titles, see Titles of rank Illustrator, 145 as added entry, 145 as author, 145 illustrated books, 145 joint illustrators as authors (see sample card, 99) Illustrator cards, 145 Imprint, 9, 22 for added editions, 216 for analytics, 156 for editor cards, 145 for periodicals, 106 on subject cards, 42 on title cards, 32 punctuation, 22 spacing, 22 Imprint date, see Date "In" analytics, see Analytics Indention, see names of various cards and entries; i. e. author cards anonymous books anonymous classics corporate entries cross reference cards editor cards joint authors partial title cards periodicals pseudonymous books sacred books series cards subject cards title cards, etc. Independents, 184 Indexes, 221 Individual biography, see Biography, individual Initials, Authors', Entry under, 82 Institutions, publications of, 132 314 INDEX Inventory, see Shelf list record Inverted headings, punctuation, 35 Ust of, 44 Joint authors, 92 arrangement, 92 method of treatment, 92 two authors, 92 two and more, 92 three and more, 92 pseudonymous author with others, 94 surname of both alike, 94 Joint authorship of corporate bodies, 94, 104r-105, 141 Joint compilers, editors or illustrators as authors, 94 (sample card, 99) as added entries, 146 Keys, 221 Letters, see Correspondence, writers In "Library has" statement, 106 for government documents, 132 for periodicals, 106 Library of Congress — Depository cat- alog, 280, 281 Library of Congress cards, 157, 183 (see sample cards, 183) for analytics, 183, 271 Library science. Terms used, with definitions, 287 Libretti, writers of. 254 Magazines, see Periodicals Maiden name, see Married women Main entries, 68 under personal author, 19 (see also author cards) for added editions, 216 for almanacs, year-books and direc- tories, 120 for analytics, 152 for anonymous books, 86 for anonymous classics and sacred books, 125 for books written under the author's initials only, 82 for corporate entries, 132 for cyclopedias and dictionaries, 115 for directories, 120 for editors, translators, commen- tators, illustrators, 21, 145 (sample card, 28) for joint authors, 92 for partial or changed titles, 200 for periodicals, 106 for pseudonymous authors, 77, 80 for revisions or abridgments, 242 ; for epitomes, 242 ; for adaptations, 242 for extracts and collections, 232 for criticism and bibliography, 233 for concordances, 242 for music, 254 for doubtful or attributed authors, 237 for series, 185, 188 for supplements and continuations, keys and indexes, 221 Married women, list of names, 18 change of name, 20 how written — maiden name in curves, 21 Music, 254 Name references, 49 color of ink, 51 for editor of series, 188 for initials of authors, 82 for joint authors, 94 for married women, 49 Name references (continued). for pseudonyms, 69 tracing, 27 Names of persons form and fullness on author card, 19, 20 fullness in title, 146 on joint author cards, 92 secondary or subject fullness, 19 see also Author's name; Married women Newspaper clippings, 239 Newspapers (sample card^, 114) Noblemen, list of, 17 Notes. 24, 25, 41, 42, 107, 121, 184, 200 Novels, see Fiction Numbered publications, 134 Official publications, 132 Omissions from title, 21 Order of arrangement of entries, see Arrangement of cards Paging of analytics, 156 Pamphlets bound together, 184 Parentheses, see Curves Parodies, 234 Partial titles, 200 Pen names, parts of real names, see Pseudonyms Periodicals, 106 change of title, 106 extracts from 232 frequency of publication, 106 reference aids for cataloging, 107 see also Corporate entries Personal author cards, see Author cards Persons, Names of, see Names of per- sons Pictures, 240 Pictures illustrating a poem, drama, etc., 261 Popes and sovereigns, list of, 18 Practical hints on various topics: card cabinets, 273 Cutter-Sanborn author tables, 26, 271 Dewey Decimal classification, 10, 270 fiction without call number, 26, 271 guide cards, 272 Individual biography, class number, 271 juvenile books, subject headings for, 42 juvenile fiction, class number, 271 Inks, 273 labels, 273 lettering, 273 Library of Congress cards and how to use them, 270 signs, 274 stamps, rubber, 274 tools to get, 270 typewriters, 273 Prefixes and suffixes, surnames with. List of, 15 Printed cards for analytics, 183. 271 see also Library of Congress cards Printing, see Typography Proceedings of societies and institu- tions, 132 Pseudonyms vs. Real names four kinds of entry, 69 list of, arranged under real name, 77 list of, arranged under assumed name, 80 Public documents, 132 Publication date, see Date Publications of societies, see Society publications INDEX 315 Publishers' series, 189 Punctuation for analytics In curves, 156 for book title, 22 for imprint and collation, 22 for items In Contents, 23 for quoted title (see sample cards, 29, 30) Questions catalog should answer, 11 Quoted title, sample cards, 29, 30 Reference books for use of catalogers, 280 References, 49 editor references, 146 from subject to author, 51 title references, 32, 146 see also Name references, 49; Sub- ject references, 40 Reports, 132 Reprinted essays or articles, 232 Revisions, 242 Rubber stamps, 274 Rulers, list of, 18 Running titles, 200 Sacred books, 125 Sanborn-Cutter author table, 26, 271 Scrap books, 239 Secondary authors, 240 (sample cards 104) Secondary cards, see Added entry cards Secondary fullness, 19, 20 "See" references, 40, 49 "See also" references, 40, 49 arrangement on card, 52 position of card in catalog, SO Selections from single work of an author, 258 Seauels and supplements, 221 Serials, see Periodicals Series, 188 biographical series, 191 by one author, 192 indention on series card, 189 items on series card, 189 main entry under author's name, 192 numbered series, 190 reference from title of series to author, 194 series editor, 189 series entry on series card, 189 series note, 188 society publications, 132, (sample cards, 198) - tracing, 27, 195 Series cards, 188 for added editions, 216 for addresses, bulletins, society publi- cations, 132, 231 ' Sheep sets' of government publications, 134 Shelf list cards, samples of, 4 Shelf list record, 2 accession number, 2 call number, 2 copy number, 4 fullness of author's name, 2 fullness of title, 4 imprint and collation, 4 other items, 4 used for taking Inventory, 4 Societies as authors, 132 entry under society before which address has been delivered, 231 Society publications, 132 (see also . sample cards, 198) Sovereigns and popes, list of, 18 Spacing, see names of the various cards Specific entries under subject, 37 Stamps (rubber), 274 State publications, 132 Statuary, 240 Subheads, Inversion, see Subject head- ings Subject analytics, 152, 157 Subject cards, 35, 39, 42 contents on. 25, 42, 154 for fiction, 10 for anonymous books, form of, sample cards, 87 form and fullness of author's name, 42 fullness of title, 42 imprint and collation, 42 indention, 42 notes on, 23, 41, 42, 107, 121, 201 Subject entries, see names of various kinds of main entries for subject cards under said entries Subject fullness, see Secondary fullness Subject headings, 35 assigned to 150 titles, 54 consistency and uniformity, 37 indention, 42 Lists of, under single word headings, 43 ; adjective forms, 43 ; compound and phrase headings, 44; countries with subheads, 45; headings with explanatory words or phrases in curves, 43; inverted headings, 44; nouns used as adjectives, 44; nouns with subheads, 45; specific periods, events, battles in Ustory, 46 red ink headings, 42, 51 under language and literature, 39 under subject and country, 39 value of, 12, 35-42 Subject references, 40 assigned to 150 titles, 54 color of ink used for, 51 references to the author, 51 references to the shelves, 50 tracing, 27 Subtitles, 200 SufBxes, see Prefixes and suffixes. Sur- names with. List of Supplements, 221 Surnames, see Names of persons Synonymous headings, see also Refer- ences; Subject headings Terms used in library science and typography, with definitions, 287 Three dots, see Omissions from title Title additions to, in brackets, 22 alternative titles, 22 binder's titles, 200 changed titles, 200 collections under, 86 cover titles, 200 editors' names included in, 145 entry for anonymous books, 86 entry for anonymous classics, 125 entry for periodicals, 106 for added editions, 2.16 for analytics, 152 fullness and form on author card, 22 fullness and form on subject card, 42 fullness and form on title card, 32 fullness and form on added entry card, 145 fullness of names In, 145 half titles, 200 indention, 33 omissions from, 21 partial titles, 200 running titles, 200 316 INDEX Title (continued). spacing, 22, 33 translations under different titles, 200 translators' names Included In, 145 Title cards, 32 for books first written anonymously,86 for books written underpseudonyins,69 Title references, see References Titles of rank: of noblemen, list of, 17 Tracing, 27 (sample cards, 31) analytics, 152 (sample cards, 155, 164) for partial titles, 201 references, 27 series cards, references, 195 Transactions of societies and institu- tions, 132 Translations under different titles, 200 Translator as author, 21 as added or secondary entry, 146 (see also sample cards for sacred books and anonymous classics) Translator (continued). how given on main card, 145 how given on subject card, 147 how given on title card, 145 joint translators, 146 translator reference, 146 Typographical terms with definitions, 287 Uniformity In cataloging, 19 Volumes, in collation, 22 for analytics in curves, 157 for annuals, 120 for periodicals, 107 on title card, 32 Women, married, see Married women Year-books, 120, see also Periodicals