CORNELL UNIVEHSirr LIbHAHY 3 1924 091 529 507 -r- FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ORDERS. (1919 EDITION.) LONDON : PaBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purohiited tlirough any liookseller or directly from ■ H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE :it the following addresses: IMPKKIAL House, Kingsway, Loni,on, W.CS, and :.'8, Aiiingdoj.- Street, Lo>don, S,W,1 , 37, Peteu Stki-et. Manchbstbi! ; 1, St. Akhmew's Ckbscbnt, Cauuipf -3, FoLiTH Stueet, Edinhuhoii ; or (mm E-.'SPONSONBY, Ltd., 116, Grafton Stuket. DnaLN. ILR HD 7875 .A4 1919 l9iy. Price 5.1. Net. CORNELL UNIVERSITY ilr LIBRARY Martin P. Catherwood Library School of Industrial and Labor Relations Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924091529507 l^Crown Copyright Beterved, FACTOEY AND WORKSHOP OEDEES. (1919 EDITION.) POBLISHBD BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. LONDON: ''*^ To be purobased through any Bookseller or directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses: Impbeial Houbb, Kingswat, London, W.0.2, and 28, Ahingdon Stmjst, London, S.W.I ; 37 Pbteii Stkeet, Manchestbii ; 1, St. Anhuew's Ckescbnt, Oakuipp ■ ' 23, Forth Street, EuiNinjitOH ; 01 from E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116, Grafton Street, Dcislin, 1919. PHcf 5s. Net, (b247) Wt. 18683— 545 750 2/20 H&S Gp. 15/16 NOTfi. This volume contains the Statutory Orders relating to Factories and Workshops and other places under the Factory and Workshop Acts, 1901 to 1911, which were in force on the 1st September, 1919. The following Orders have been added to the volume since the last edition (January, 1916) : — 1. The various Orders, made under Section 7 of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916, for securing the welfare of workers in factories and workshops. 2. Regulations under section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, for the Crushing, Grinding, Sieving, &o., of Eefractory Materials containing 80 per cent, or more of Silica (SiOj) {see page 161). The codes of special rules established under the Factory and Work- shop Acts, 1891 and 1895, which were still in force on 1st September, 1919, have been printed for convenience of reference in an Appendix to this volume. It must, however, be borne in mind that these are not Statutory Orders, and do not become operative at a factory or workshop until they have been established at the factory or workshop in accordance with the procedure laid down in the Acts of 1891 and 1895. Under the following sections no Orders are at present in force : Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Section 4 (1). Power of Secretary of State to act in default of Local Authority. 6 (2). Provision of thermometers. 46. Employment inside and outside a factory or workshop on the same day. 50 (3). Overtime employment of women on perishable articles. 51 (3). Overtime employment on incomplete process. 87 (3). Substitution of owner for occupier in cotton cloth tenement factories. Ill (2) and 114 (1). Application of Act to domestic factories and workshops. 124 (1) (6). Fees of certifying surgeons on examinations for certificates of fitness. 161. Repeal of enactments in Schedule VII, Part II. Notice of Accidents Act, 1906. Section 4 (1) (c). Notification of accidents due to special causes. The Documentary Evidence Act, 1868 (31 & 32 Vict,, c. S7), Section 2, provides that — "Primd facie evidence of any proclamation, order or regulation issued before or after the passing of this Act by Her Majesty or by the Privy Council, also of any proclamation, order or regulation issued before or after the passing of, this Act by or under the authority of any such department of the Government or officer as is mentioned in the first column of the schedule hereto, may be given in all courts of justice, and in all legal proceedings whatsoever in all or any of the modes hereinafter mentioned : that is to say : — " (2) By the production of a copy of such proclamation, order, or regulation purporting to be printed by the Government printer " Among the departments and officers included in the first column of the schedule to the Act are the Secretaries of State and the Poor Law Board (now the Ministry of Health) ; and the Act is extended by the Documentary Evidence Act, 1882 (45 & 46 Vict., c. 9), Section 4, to " proclamations, orders, and regulations issued by the Lord-Lieutenant or other chief governor or governors of Ireland, either alone or acting with the advice of the Privy Coimcil in Ireland." The Act of 1882, Section 2, also provides that— "Where any enactment provides that a copy of any Act of ParUament, proclamation, order, regulation, rule, warrant, circular, list, gazette or document shall be conclusive evidence, or be evidence, or have any other efiect, when purporting to be printed by the Government printer such copy shall also be conclusive evidence, or evidence or have the said efiect (as the case may be) if it purports to be printed imder the superintendence or authority of Her Majesty's Stationery Office." This volume is accordingly prima facie evidence of every Order contained in it, with the single exception of the Order of the Local Government Board for Scotland on page 40. As regards that Order, a copy signed and certified by the Secretary of the Board will be evidence of the Order in any Court of Law or Justice (8 & 9 Vict., c. 83, Section 7 ; 57 & 58 Vict., c. 58, Section 7). The dates of the Gazette notices (in the case of Orders which have been gazetted) will be found in the footnotes to the Orders. Home Office, September, 1919. I9M TABLE OF CONTENTS. HEALTH. Page. (1.) LimewasMng or Washing: Exemption of certain factories ) (2.) Cubic Space in : — (a) Workshops used as Sleeping Places 4 (5) Bakehouses 5 (3.) Ventilation in humid Textile Factories other than Cotton Cloth Factories 6 (4.) Sanitary Accommodation : Fixing Standard of 6 employment; (1) Special Exceptions as to Hours and Holidays : — (a) Employment between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. in Letterpress Book- binding Factories and Laundries 8 (6) Five Hours Spell in certain Textile Factories 9 (c) Meal Times : — (1) Allowing separate meal times in :— Various Industries 10 Bread or Biscuit Making with travelling ovens ... 12 Photograph Printing 14 Artificial Silk Spinning 14 Flax, Jute, or Hemp Factories 16 Electrical Stations 17 Iron and Steel Foundries 18 Florists' Workshops 19 (2) Allowing emplojTnent or presence in workrooms during meal times in : — Various Industries 11 Bread or Biscuit Making with travelhng ovens ... 13 Artificial Silk Spinning 14 Flax, Jute, or Hemp Factories 16 Electrical Stations 17 Iron and Steel Foundries 18 Florists' Workshops 19 (d) Prescribing conditions for employment in pursuance of special exception for Fruit Preserving 19 (e) Creameries: allowing in summer special period of employ- ment, and employment on Sundays and HoUdays ... 21 {f) Substitution of another Day for Saturday : — Various Industries 22 Newspaper Printing Factories 23 (j) Holidays on different days to different sets : — Various Industries ' 24 Hospital Laundries in Scotland 25 (2) Spbcial Exceptions as to Overtime : — (a) Two hours' Overtime of Women for press of work : — Various Industries 25 (6) One hour's Overtime of Women and Young Persons in factories in which water power alone is used to move the machinery 27 (3) Special Exceptions as to Night Work of Male Young Persons : (a) Electrical Stations gg (6) China Clay Works 28 (c) Reverberatory or Regenerative Furnaces 29 (dl) Galraninug Sheet Metal and Wire 30 SMPLOYMENT— confcj. (4) Conditions of Employment in Cases of Special Excep- tions : — Cubic Space per person during Overtime 31 (5) Cbbtitioates op Fitness : — Prohibition of employment, without certificates, in various classes of workshops, of young persons and children ?2 EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. (1.) Definition of an attendance at School : England and Wales ... 33 (2.) Standards of Proficiency and of previous due Attendance : England and Wales - 34 (3.) Definition of an Attendance at School : Scotland 36 (4.) Definition of an Attendance at School : Standard of Proficiency : Ireland 37 (5.) Birth Certificate : Form of Requisition :— (o) England and Wales 38 (6) Scotland 40 (c) Ireland 41 .NOTIFICATION OF DISEASES. Toxic Jaundice 43 DANGEROUS AND UNHEALTHY INDUSTRIES. (1.) Pkohibition op taking Meals in certain places 43 (2.) Cbbtutcates that cbbtain Peocbsses are dangbeous ... 45-58 (3.) Regitlations pok Dangbeoits Trades : — (a) Rules for Inquiries as to Draft Regulations 58 (6) Regulations for particular Trades : — Benzene, manufacture of nitro and amido derivatives of, and of explosives with dinitrobenzol or dinitrotoluol ... 112 Brass, &c., casting of 97 Bronzing 127 Chromate and bichromate of potassium or sodium, manufacture of 166 Docks, Wharves, and Quays, loading or unloading, &c., at 66 Electric Accumulators, manufacture of 62 Electricity, generation, transformation, distribution or use of 103 Ena.melling, vitreous, of metal or glass 99 Felt Hats, manufacture of (with aid of inflammable solvent) 69 File-cutting by hand 60 Flax and Tow, spinning and weaving of , &c 78 Grinding of Metals and Racing of Grindstones 119 Hemp, Jute, and hemp or jute tow, spinning and weaving of, &o. ... ^ 91 Horsehair from China, Siberia, or Russia, use of 93 Lead, smelting of materials containing, manufacture of red or orange lead and of flaked litharge 123 Locomotives and Waggons, use (jf on lines and sidings ... 81 Mules, self-acting, spinning by means of 72 Paints and Colours, manufacture of 86 Pottery, manufacture and decoration of, making of lithographic transfers, frits or glazes , 130 Refractory Materials, crushing, grinding, &c., and the manufacture of Silica bricks 161 Ships in Shipbuilding Yards, construction and repair of ... 159 Tinning of Metal Hollow Ware, Iron Drums, and Harness Furniture 116 Wool, East Indian, use of 102 Wool, Goat Hair and Camel Hair, sorting, willeying washing, combing and carding « 73 Yam, heading of, dyed by means of a lead compound ... 89 WELFARE. Page. (a) Rules for Inquiries as to Draft Orders 163 (6) Welfare Orders Ambulance and First Aid at blast furnaces, copper mills, iron mills, foundries and metal works 166 Ambulance and First Aid at gawmills and wood-working fac- tories 173 Drinking water 167 Dyeing, use of bichromate of potassium or sodium in 169 Fruit preserving 177 Glass bottles and pressed glass articles, manufacture 171 • Oil oake mills 175 Seats in shell factories ... 172 Tanning, use of bichromate of potassium or sodium in ... ... 168 Tin or terne plates, manufacture of 164 SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS. (1.) Regulations for Cotton Cloth Factories 180 Hygrometers Order 185 (2.) Humid Textile Factories : maximum limits of humidity in the spiiming of merino cashmere, or wool by the "French" or "dry" process 187 (3.) Grinding in Tenement Factories : exemption from certain require- ments of Schedule III as to safety 189 HOME WORK. Application to various classes of work, of the provisions as to keeping lists of outworkers and as to the prohibition of employment in unwholesome or infected premises 189-193 PARTICULARS OP WORK AND WAGES. (1.) Textile Workshops 194 (2.) Pens 195 (3.) Looks, Latches and Keys 196 (4.) Chains, Anchors and Cart Gear 198 (6.) Felt Hats 200 (6.) Umbrellas, &c.. Artificial Flowers, Fustian Cutting, Tents, Sacks, Rope, Twine, Tennis Balls, &c.. Paper Bags, Cardboard Boxes, &c., Brushes, Relief Stamping : 'Warehouse processes in manufacture of Articles of Pood, Drugs, Perfumes, Blacking, &o., Starch, Blue, Soda or Soap 201 (7.) Nets ; PeapioHng 203 (8.) Brass 205 (9.) Wearing Apparel 207 (10.) Cartridges; Tobacco 209 (11.) Bleaching and Dyeing; Cotton Cloth Printing 211 (12.) Iron Safes 212 (13.) Household Linen ; Curtains and Furniture Hangings ; Lace ... 214 (14.) Laundries 216 (15.) Making of Files 217 (16.) Toy Balloons, Pouches and Footballs made from Indianibber ... 219 (17.) Chocolates or Sweetmeats 221 (18.) Shipbuilding Yards , 224 (19.) Iron and Steel Foundries 225 ADMINISTRATION. Foes of Certifying Surgeons for examinations by direction of Secretary of State or in pursuance of Regulations 227 SUPPLEMENTARY. Page. Sbpabation of BaANOHES oi' Work: — (1) For purposes of overtime employment of women in various industries 227 (2) For piKposes of period of employment of women, young persons and children : — Bookbinding, Hat making, and Bonbon and Christmas present making in the Confectionery Trade 229 Certain Warehouses in factories and workshops in which the manufacture of edge tools is carried on 230 Certain warehouses in factories and workshops in which ^ the manufacture of bright or burnished metal goods is carried on 231 Laundries 232 NOTICE OF ACCIDENTS ACT, 1906, Seo. 5 :— Notification of certain dangerous occurrences 234 TRUCK ACT, 1896, Sbo. 9 :— Exemption for Cotton Weavers in certain districts 235 APPENDIX. Codes of Special Rules established under the Factory and Workshop Acts, 1891 and 1895 : — 1. Manufacture of White Lead 236 2. Handling of Dry and Dry-salted Hides and Skina from China and the West Coast of India 239 3. Vulcanizing of Indiarubber by means of Bisulphide of Carbon 240 4. Chemical Works 241 5. Bottling of Aerated Waters 243 HEALTH. (1) Limewashing or Washing : Exemption of certain Factories. Order, dated November 2, 1903,* granting Special Exceptions : — Limewashing, &c. 1903. No. 934. In pursuance of the powers conferred on me by section 1 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby grant to the factories and parts of factories named in the Schedules to this Order a special exception that the provisions in sub-section 3 of the said section with respect to limewashing or washing shall not apply thereto : — Pro\dded — (1) that the special exception shall not apply to any part of a factory included in Schedule A which does not afford clear 500 cubic feet, or to any part of a factory included in Schedule B which does not afford clear 2,500 cubic feet, for each person employed therein ; (2) that the exception shall not apply to mess rooms, engine- houses, fitting shops, or sanitary conveniences, except as regards walls or tops made of glazed bricks, tiles, glass, slate, marble, or galvanised iron, and washed with water and soap once at least within every 14 months ; (3) that nothing in this Order shall be taken to affect the obhgation of keeping the factory in a cleanly state as prescribed by sub-section (1) .of the said section ; (4) that if it appear to an inspector that any part of a factory to which the exception appHes is not in a cleanly state, he may, by written notice, require the occupier to limewash or wash the same ; and in the event of the occupier failing to comply with such requisition within two months from the date of the notice, the special exception shall cease to apply to such part of a factory. The Orders of 16th November, 1895, 8th February, 1896, and 26th March, 1902, are hereby revoked. This Order shaH come into force on Ist January, 1904. A. Akers-Douglas, His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department. Home Office, Whitehall, 2nd November, 1903. * This Order was gazetted November 3, 1903. f 1 '^^^- 7, c. 22. (b 247— Gp. 15) B ! -Li me washing, &c. Schedule A. Blast furnaces. Iron mills. Copper mills. Stone, slate and marble works. Brick and tile works in which unglazed bricks or tiles are made. Cement works. Chemical works. Gas works. Flax scutch mills in;wijioh neither children nor young persons are employed. Sugar factories. The following parts of factories :— IJEooms used for the storage of articles, and not for the constant carrying on therein of any manufacturing process. Parts in which dense steam is continuously evolved in the process of manufacture. 1 Parts in which pitch, tar, or like material. is used, except in brush works. • Parts in which unpainted or unvarnished wood is manufactured. The part of a glass factory known as the glass house. Parts in which there are no glazed windows in the walls or roof. Walls, or tops of rooms, which are made of glazed bricks, tiles, glass, slate, jnarble, oj galvanised, iron, on condition that they are washed with water and soap once at least within every 14 months. Tops of rooms, which are at least 20 feet from the floor. Tops of rooms — (1) in print- works, bleach works, or dye works, with the exception of finishing rooms or warehouses ; or ,(2) in grist mills ; or (3) in works in which are carried on the processes of — Agricultural implement making ; Coach making ; Engraving ; Manufacture of starch, soap, candles ; Salting,, tanning or dressing of hides and skins. Schedide B. Shipbuilding works. Gun factories. Engineering works. Electric generating works. Frame dressing rooms of lace factories. Foundries other than foundries in which brass casting is carried on. Order, dated July 1, 1911,* granting Special Exception :— Limewashing, &c. 1911. No. 616. I' In pursuance of section 1 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, t I hereby grant to all factories and parts of factories which have been paiated with at least two coats of a washable water paint as defined below, and are repainted with at least one coat of such paint once in every three years, a special exception that the provisions in subsection (3) of the said section with respect to limewashing shall not apply thereto.. . . , ._._.._ * ThisOM^r was gazetted Jiily II, 1911. f 1 Edw, 7, o. 22. Limewashing, &c. 3 Provided— , (1) that the paint shall be washed at least once in every fourteen months ; (2) that the name of the paint used and the name and address of the makers, of the paint, together with a certificate, in the form shown in the Schedule hereto, from the makers of the paint, and the date of the original painting and of each washing and repainting, shall be entered in or attached to the -General Register ; li i (3) that nothing in this Order shall be taken to affect the obligation of keeping the factory in a cleanly state, as prescribed by subsection (1) of the said section ; (4) that if it appear to an inspector that any part of a factory to which the exception applies is not in a cleanly state, he may, by written notice, require the occupier to limewash, wash or paint the same ; and in the event of the occupier failing to comply with such requisition within two months from the date of the notice, the special exception shall cease to apply to such part of a factory. In this Order a washable water paint means a washable paint which when finished for use contains — (i) at least half its weight of solid pigment containing not less ; than twenty-five parts by weight of zinc Sulphide as zinc white (lithopone) in each hundred parts by weight of solid pigment ; and (ii) at ' least ten parts by weight of oil and varnish to each hundred parts by weight of solid pigment. W. S. ChurchUl, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 1st July, 1911. Schedule. Cebtificatb. It is hereby certified tliat the washable water paint made by ""^ and known as will when finished for use in accordance with the directions given ^^ °^^ ,^j^^j attached to each tin """^P'^ "^'^^ *^« definition of washable water paint in the Order of the Secretary of State dated 1st July, 1911. (Z»ote) {Signature) Oudbr, dated April 19, ,1912,* granting Special Exception : — Limewashing, &c. '' 1912. No. 404. In pursuance of section 1 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby grant to parts of factories which are rooms in which *' This Order was gazetted April 26, 1912; •(■ 1 Ectiv. 7,'c. 22.' ' (b 247— Gfp. 15) ' B 2 i Cubic Space. lace making by macluDe is carried on the following special exception : — The period within which the inside walls and ceilings or tops of such rooms are required (if they have not been painted With oil, or varnished, once at least within seven years) to be limewashed shaU be twenty-six months, to date from the time when they were last limewashed. Provided that — (1) the special exception shall not apply to any room which does not afford clear 800 cubic feet for each person employed therein ; (2) the inside walls and ceilings or tops of such rooms shall be thoroughly swept at a date not less than ten months nor more than fourteen months from the time when they were last limewashed, and the date of such sweeping shall be recorded in the General Register ; (3) nothing in this Order shall be taken to affect the obligation of keeping the factory in a cleanly state, as prescribed by subsection (1) of the said section ; (4) if it appear to an inspector that any part of a factory to which the exception applies is not in a cleanly state, he may, by written notice, require the occapier to limewash the same ; and in the event of the occupier failing to comply with such requisition within two months from the date of the notice, the special exception shall cease to apply to such part of a factory. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 19fch April, 1912. (2) Cubic Space. (a) Workshops used as Sleeping Places. Ordeb dated January 17, 1902,* modifying the Proportion OF Cubic Feet of Space in Workshops used as Sleeping Places. 1902. No. 23. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby direct that, where a workshop other than a domestic workshop is occupied • T iia Order was gazetted January 21, 1902. f 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. Cubic Space. 5 by day as a workshop and by night as a sleeping place, the proportion of cubic feet of space prescribed in sub-section (1) of the said section ahall be modified by substituting " four hundred " for " two hundred and fifty," and accordingly such workshop shall, for the purposes of the law relating to public health, be deemed to be so overcrowded as to be dangerous or injurious to the health of the persons employed therein if the number of cubic feet of space in any room bears to the number of persons employed at one time in the room a proportion less than four hundred cubic feet to each person. Chas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 17th January, 1902. (b) Bakehouses. Order dated December 30, 1903,* modifying the Proportion OP Cubic Feet op Space to be provided in certain Bake- houses. 1903. No. 1157. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by' sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby direct that the proportion of cubic feet of space to each person employed prescribed in sub-section (1) of the said section shall be modified (1) as regards Underground Bakehouses by substituting " five hundred cubic feet of space to every person " for " two hundred and fifty cubic feet of spac" <;o every, person " ; and p) as regards Bakehouses (other than such as are under- groimd) WHERE Work is carried on at Night by Artipicial Light other than Electric Light by substituting in respect of the period between 9 in the evening and 6 in the succeeding morning " four hundred cubic feet of space to every person " for " two hundred and fifty cubic feet of space to every person." This Order shall come into force on the 1st day of Januarv, 1904. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, -- 30th December, 1903. ^ .- . ..- * This Order was gazetted January 1, 1904. f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 6 Ventilation ; Sanitary Accommodation. (3) Ventilation. Orderj dated Febeuary 4,i 1902, prescribing a Standard of ' Ventilation for certain humid Textile Factories ■ other THAN' Cotton Cloth^ Factories.* 1902. No. 79. In pursuance of the powers conferred on me by section 7 of tli^ Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby prescribe that the means of ventilation to be provided and maintained in every textile factory, not being a cotton cloth factory, in which atmospheric humidity is artificially produced by steaming or other mechanical appliances, and in which Special Rules or Regulations with respect to humidity are not for the time being in force shall be such as to supply during working hours not less than 600 cubic feet of fresh air per hour for each person employed. Ghas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home OfSce, Whitehall, 4th February, 1902. ' (4) Sanitary Accommodation. Jhb. I Sanitary Accommodation Order of February 4, 1903,J 1903. No. 89, In pursuance of section 9 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f 1 hereby , determine that the accommodation in the way of sanitary conveniences provided in a factory or workshop shall be deemed , to, be sufficient and suitable within the meaning of the said section if the following conditions are complied with, and not otherwise : — 1. In factories or workshops where females are employed or in attendance there shall be one sanitary convenience for every 25 females, '■.'-, In factories or workshops where males are employed or in attendance there shall be one sanitary convenience for every 25 males ; provided that — (a) in factories or workshops where the number of males employed or in attendance exceeds 100 and sufficient urinal accom- modation is also provided, it shall be sufficient if there is one sanitary convenience for every 25 males up to the first loo, and one for every 40 after ; ♦ This Order was gazetted Febniary^O, 1902. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. X This Order was gaz^ttp)} February 17, 1903. Sanitaiy Accommodation. 7 (6) in factories or workshops where the number of males employed or in attendance exceeds 500, and the District Inspector of Factories certifies in writing that by means of a check system, or otherwise, proper supervision and control in regard to the use of the conveniences are exercised by officers specially appointed for that purpose it shall be sufficient if one sanitary convenience is provided for every 60 males, in addition to sufficient urinal accom- modation. Any certificate given by an inspector shall 'be kept attached to the general register, and shall be liable at any time to be revoked by notice in writing from the Inspector. In calculating the number of conveniences required by this order, any odd number of persons less than 25, 40, or 60, as tha case may be, shall bs reckoned as 25, 40, or 60. , 2. Every sanitary convenience shall be kept in a cleanly state, shall be sufficiently ventilated and lighted, and shall not communicate with any work-room except through the open air or through an intervening ventilated space : provided that in work-rooms in use prior to 1st January, 1903, and mechanically ventilated in 'such manner that air cannot be drawn, into the work-room through the sanitary convenience, an intervening ventilated space shall not be required. 3. Every sanitary convenience shall be under cover and so par- titioned off as to secure privacy, and if: for ,the use of ■ females shall have a proper door and fastenings. 4. The sanitary conveniences in a factory or workshop shall be so -arranged and maintained as to be -conveniently accessible to all persons employed therein at all times during their employment. 5. Where persons of both sexes are employed, the conveniences for: each' sex shall be so placed, or so screened that the interior shall not be visible, even when the door of any convenience is open, from any place where persons of the other sex have to work or pass ; and, if the conveniences for one sex adjoin those for. the-other sex, the approaches shall be separate. 6. This order shall come into force on the 1st day of July, 1903. 7.1 This order may be referred , to as the Sanitary Accommodation Order of 4th February, 1903. A. Akets-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of Stat^. Home Office, Whit^all,. ' 4th' February, 1903. Employment between 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. EMPLOYMENT. (1) Special Exceptions as to Hours and Holidays. (a) Employment between 9 a.m. and 9 p.ni. Order, dated December 26, 1907.* 1907. No. 1009. In pursuance of the powers conferred on me by Section 36 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f as amended by the Factory and Workshop Act, 1907, J I hereby grant to the factories and workshops named in^the Schedule to this Order, a special exception that the period of employment for women and young persons may, on any day except Saturday, begin at nine o'clock in the morning and end at nine o'clock at night, subject to the following conditions : — (1) After 8 p.m., in each room in which any woman or young person i? being employed, the number of persons employed therein shall not exceed the proportion of one person for , every 400 cubic feet of space. (2) The period of employment for a child in a morning set shall begin at nine o'clock in the morning, and fqr a child in the afternoon set shall end at eight o'clock in the evening. (3) In the case of factories in the County of London in which letterpress bookbinding is carried on the special exception shall not apply except between the first day of September and the last day of February following. The Order of the 24th July, 1906, granting the said special exception is hereby revoked. This Order shall come into force on the first day of Januaiy, 1908. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Borne Office, Whitehall, .26th December, 1907. Schedule. Factories in the County of London in whicH letterpress bookbinding is carried on. Laundries in the County of London and the following Urban and Rural districts : — Tottenham. Acton. Edmonton. Ealing. Homsey. Southall-Norwood. Wood Green. Chiswick. Finohlev. Heston and Isleworth. Hendon, Urban. Twickenham. Willesden. Teddington. * This Order was gazetted December 28, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. X 7 Edw. 7, 0. 39. Five Hours Spell. 9 Hampton. Croydon, Rural (paiish of Hampton Wick. Mitoham only). Bichmond. Croydon, Urban. Walthamstow. Penge. Brentford. Beckenham. Barnes. Bromley. Ham. Barking Town. Kingston-upon-Thames. West Ham. Surbiton. ' East Ham. Maiden and Coombe. Leyton. Wimbledon. Ilford. Merton. Wanstead. (b) Five Hours Spell in certain Textile Factories. Order, dated December 20, 1882.* Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,-i- section .48, contains a special exception to the effect that in any of the textile factories to which the exception hereinafter "set forth applies, if the period of employment for young persons and women, as fixed by the occupier, and specified in the notice, begins at 7 a.m., and the whole time between that hour and 8 a.m. is allowed for meals, the regulations of the Act with respect to the employment of children, young persons, and women shall not prevent a child, young person, or woman, between the 1st November and Slst March next following, being employed continuously, without an interval of at least half- an-hour for a meal, for the same period as if the factory were a non- textile factory : And whereas the special exception is by the Act declared to apply to the textile factories referred to in the said section : And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in textile factories of the classes mentioned in the schedule hereunder the customary habits of the persons employed therein require the extension thereto of this exception, and that the manufacturing processes carried on therein are of a healthy character, and the extension can be made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now, I, the Right Honourable Sir William Vernon Harcourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the said Act, extend this exception accordingly. This Order shall come into effect on 1st January, 1883, and shall continue in force until revoked. W. V. Harcourt. Whitehall, 20th December, 1882. * This Order was gazetted December 22, 1882. t 41 & 42 Vict. 0. 16 ; now a. 39 (.S) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 10 Meal Times.- Schedule. Hosiery faclories.* Woollen factories in the Counties of Oxford, Wilts, Worcester,. Gloucester, and Somerset. Factories in which the only processes carried on are those of winding and throwing raw silk or either of such processes. Ordee, dated May 12, 1902.t 1902. No. 379. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by section 39 of the Factory and Worksl^op Act, 190I,| I hereby extend to Hosiery Factories the exception in that section mentioned, -by which a woman, young person, or child may be employed continuously. for five hours without an interval for a meal, provided (a) that the period of employment fixed by the .occupier and specified in the notice begins at seven o'clock in the morning ; and (6) that the whole time between that hour and eight o'clock is allowed for meals. And I further direct that the limitation of the said exception ito the period between the 1st, day of November and the following ilast day..o£ March shall not apply to Hosiery Factories : provided that the exception shall apply to any Hosiery Factory only during suob period of the year as qiay ,be specified by rthe occupier in the, not^ifie which an occupier availing himself of- a special exception is required by section 60 of the said Act-to serve on the Inspector and to exhijMt in the Factory. So much of the Order of 20th December, 1882, as applies to Hosiery Factories is hereby revoked. Chas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 12th Mav, 1902. (c) Meal Timesi . Order, dated December 20, 1882.§ Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,|| section 52', contains a special exception to the effect that- the provisions of- the Act which require that all children, young persons^ and women * By Orderof May 12, 1902, printed below, bo much of this Order as relates to Hosiery Factories was revoked. t This Order was gazetted May 13, 1902. - I 1 Edw. 7, e. 22. — - § This Order was gazetted December 22, 1882. II 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now s. 40 (4) of the Factory, and Workshep Act, 1901. Meal Times. IT employed in the factory or workshop shall have the times allowed for meals at the same time of the day shall not apply in the cases' therein referred to : And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in factories, and workshops of the classes mentioned in the Schedule hereunder, it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the processes, and the special circumstances affecting such classes, to extend thereto the foregoing special exception, and that such extension can be made Without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women afiected thereby : Now I, the Right Honourable Sir William Vernon Harcourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order made under Part 2 of the said Act, extend such special exception accordingly. This Order shall come into operation on 1st January, 1883, and shall continue in force until revoked. W. V. Harcourt. "Whitehall, 20th December, 1882. Schedule. (a) Textile factories wherein female young persons or women employed in a distinct department in which there is no machinery, commence work at a later hour the^n the men and other young persons, subject to the condition that all in the same department shall have their meals at the same time, (6) Non-textile factories and workshops wherein is carried on the making of wearing apparel. (c) Non-textile factories and workshops wherein there are two or more departments or sets of young persons, subject to the condition that all in the same department or set shall have their meals at the same time. (d) The following non-textile factories and workshops, viz. : — Dressing floors, "i Tin streams, L- Ji. ,. r r, n China clay pits, and P"^ ^^^ ''°™*y °^ Cornwall. Quarries, -' Order, dated December 20, 1882.* Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, . 1878,f section 52^; contains a special exception to the effect that the provisions of the' Act which require that a child, young person, and woman shall not during any part of the times allowed for meals in a factory or workrs: shop be allowed -to remain in a room in which the manufacturing: process or handicraft is being carried on shall not apply in the cases , therein referred to : * This Order was gazetted December 22, 1882. t 41 & 42.Viot..c. 16; now s. 40 (4) of the Factory and.Workshop Act; 1901; 12 Meal Times. And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in factories and workshops of the classes mentioned in the Schedule hereunder, it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the processes, and the special circumstances affecting such classes, to extend thereto the foregoing special exception, and that such extension can be made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now, I, the Eight Honourable Sir William Vernon Harcourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the said Act, extend such exception accordingly. This Order shall come into operation on 1st January, 1883, and shall continue in force until revoked. W. V. Harcourt. Whitehall, 20th December, 1.882. Schedule. i(a) Textile factories wherein female young persons or women employed in a distinct department in which there is no machinery commence work at a later hour than the men and other young persons, subject to the condition that all in the same department shall have their meals at the same time. ■ . {b) Non-textile factories and workshops wherein is carried on the making of wearing apparel. ■ {c) Non-textile factories and workshops wherein there are two or more departments or sets of young persons, subject to the condition that all in the same department or set shall have their meals at the same time. id) The following non-textile factories and workshops, viz. : — Dressing floors, T „,. ',' '., J ? in the county of Cornwall. China clay pits, and •' Quarries, J Oedeb, dated February 24, 1887.* Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,f section 52, contains a special exception to the effect that the provisions of the Act which require that all children, young persons, and women employed in the factory or workshop shall have the times allowed for meals at the same time of the day shall not apply in the cases therein referred to : And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in factories and workshops of the classes mentioned in the . Schedule hereunder, it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the processes, and the special circumstances affecting such classes, to extend thereto the foregoing special exception, and that such extension can be made * This Order was gazetted March 1, 1887. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now s. 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Meal Times. 13 without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now I, the Right Honourable Henry Matthews, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the said Act, extend such special exception accordingly. This Order shall come into operation on the Ist March, 1887, and shall continue in force until revoked. Henry Mattheiis. Whitehall, 24:th February, 1887. Sohedvie. Non-texUle factories wherein is carried on the making of bread or biscuits by means of travelling ovens. Okdee, dated Febeuaey 24, 1887.* Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,f section 52, contains a special exception to the effect that the provisions of the Act which require that a child, young person, and woman shall not during any part of the times allowed for meals in a factory or work- shop be allowed to remain in a room in which the manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on shall not apply in the cases therein referred to : And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in factories and workshops of the classes mentioned in the Schedule hereunder, it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the processes, and the special circumstances affecting such classes, to extend thereto the foregoing special exception, and that such extension can be made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now I, the Right Honourable Henry Matthews, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the said Act, extend such exception accordingly. This Order shall come into operation on the 1st March, 1887, and shall continue in force until revoked. Henry Matthews. Whitehall, 24th February, 1887. ScJiedide. Non-textile factories wherein is carried on the making of bread or biscuits by means of travelling ovens. * This Order was gazetted March 1, 1887. t 41 & 42 Vict. 0. 16 ; now s. 40 (4) of ^he Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 14 Meal Times. Order, dated May 1, 1896.* 1896. No. 330. • . Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,f section 52, contains a special exception to the effect that the provisions of the Act which require that all the children, young persons, and women employed in the factory or workshop shall have the times allowed for meals at the same hour of the day shall not apply in the cases therein referred to ; and power is given to the Secretary of Slate to extend such exception to other classes of factories and workshops : And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in the class of factories and workshops wherein there is carried on the printing of photographs it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the process and the special circumstances affeicting ^ch class to extend thereto the foregoing special exception, and that such extension can be, made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now, I, the Eight Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order made under Part Two of the said Act, extend such special exception accordingly to factories and workshops in which is carried on The Printing of Photographs, subject to the. condition that in every factory and workshop the occupier of which avails himself of this exception, there shall be affixed a notice showing the names of the children, yoimg persons, and women employed, in the factory or workshop, and the times allowed to each of them for meals. M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 1st May, 1896. Order, dated July 20, 1899. f 1899. No. 550. . Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, ISTS,-)- section 52, contains special exceptions to the effect that the provisions of the Act which require (a) that all the children, young persons, and women employed in a factory or workshop shall have the times allowed for meals at the same hour of the day, and (b) that a child, young person, or woman shall not, during any part of the times allowed for meals ■ ' ' ' ' — ~"^ — ' ' ~ i ♦ This Order was gazetted May 8, 1896. t 41 & 42 Vibt. 0. 16 ; now s, 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. j This Order was ^azet;tp4 July 26, 1899. , ■ i '. . Meal Times. 15 in a factory, or wprksliop, be employed in the factory or the workshop, or be allowed to remain in a room in which a manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on, shall not apply in the cases therein referred to ; and power is given to the Secretary of State to extend such exceptions to other classes of factories and workshops : .And whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in the class of factories wherein there is carried on the spinning of artificial silk, it is necessary by reason of the continuous nature of the process and the special circumstances affecting such class to extend thereto the foregoing special exceptions, and that such extension can be made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women afEected thereby : Now, I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do by this Order, made under Part II. of the said Act, extend such special exceptions accordingly to factories in which is carried on — The Spinning of Aetificial Silk, subject to the following conditions : — (1) One set of meal hours shall be appointed for the children, young persons, and women whose ordinary employment in the factory is' the spinning of artificial silk ; another set for all other children, young persons, and women employed in the factory. '" (2) All children, yoimg persons, and women whose ordinary employment in the factory is the spinning of artificial silk, shall have the same hours appointed for their meals, and shall not during those hours be employed in the factory, or be allowed to remain in a room in which any ■ manufacturing process or handicraft is then being carried on. (3) All other children, young persons, and women employed in the factory, shall have the same hours appointed for their meals, and shall not during those hours be employed in the factory, or be allowed to remain in a room in which any manufacturing process or handicraft is then being carried on. (4) In every room in which any child, young person, or woman is employed in the spinning of artificial silk, there shall be affixed a complete and accurate list of all children, young persons, and women, whose ordinary employment in the factory is the spinning of artificial silk, together with a statement of the meal hours appointed for them. (5) In every room in which any child, young person, or woman ! . .is employed intheispjuQing 'of artificial silk, there shall be 16 Meal Times. at least 1,000 cubic feet of air space to each person employed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st day of August, 1899. M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 20th July, 1899. Oedbe, dated September 6, 1899.* 1899. No. 674. Whereas ihe Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,f section 52, contains special exceptions to the efiect that the provisions of the Act which require (a) that all the children, young persons, and women employed in a factory or workshop shall have the times allowed for meals at the same hour of the day, and (6) that a child, young person, or woman shall not, during any part of the times allowed for meals in a factory or workshop, be employed in the factory or the workshop, or be allowed to remain in a room in which a manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on, shall not apply in the cases therein referred to ; and power is given to the Secretary of State to extend such exceptions to other classes of factories and workshops : Aiid whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that in textile factories in which the material used is flax, jute or hemp, it is necessary by reason of the special circumstances afEecting such class of factories to extend thereto the foregoing special exceptions, and that such extension can be made without injury to the health of the children, young persons, and women affected thereby : Now, I, the Eight Honourable Sir Matthew White Eidley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do by this Order, made under Part II. of. the said Act, extend such special exceptions accordingly to textile factories in which the material used is — Flax, Jute, oe Hemp, subject to the following conditions : — (1) One set of meal hours shall be appointed for the children, young persons, and women whose sole employment in the factory is the sweeping and removal of waste from the floors, hereinafter referred to as sweepers ; another set for all other children, young persons, and women employed in the factory. * This Order was gazetted September 12, 1899. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now s. 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Meal Times. 17 (2) All sweepers shall have the same hours appointed for their meals, and shall not during those hours be employed in the factory. (3) All other children, young persons, and women employed in the factory, shall have the same hours appointed for their meals, and shall not during those hours be employed in the factory. (4) At the entrance of the factory there shall be kept posted a complete and accurate list of all sweepers employed in the factory, together with a statement of the meal hours appointed for them. (5) In every room in which both sweepers and other persons are employed there shall be at least 1,000 cubic feet of air space to each person employed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st October, 1899. M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 6th September, 1899. Obdbr dated Maboh 11, 1903.* 1903. No. 188. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by section 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,-j; I hereby direct that the following special exceptions, namely : — (0) An exception permitting young persons employed in a factory or a workshop to have the times allowed for meals' at different hours of the day ; and (b) An exception permitting young persons during the time allowed for meals in the factory or workshop to be allowed to remain in a room in which a manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on ; shall extend to young persons above the age of 16 employed in Electrical Stations, subject to the following conditions : — ■ (1) For the purpose of ensuring that a reasonable temperature shall be maintained as required by section 6 of the Act, * This Order was gazetted March 13, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. (B 247-Gp. 15) 18 Meal Times. thermometers shall be provided, maintained and kept in working order in suitable positions in each room where such young persons are employed ; (2) Sufficient and suitable sanitary accommodation complying with the requirements of any special order* made by the Secretary of State under section 9 of the Act shall be provided ; (3) The exception shall apply only to young persons employed as assistants to adults who are actually present with them during the whole time of their employment. This Order shall come into force on the 1st April, 1903. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Horne Office, Whitehall, ilth March, 1903. Order, dated June 23, 1904.t 1904. No. 1220. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by section 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,J I hereby direct that the following special exceptions, namely : — (a) An exception permitting yoimg persons employed in a factory or a workshop to have the times allowed for meals at different hours of the day ; and (6) An exception permitting young persons during the times allowed for meals in the factory or workshop to be allowed to remain in, a room in which a manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on ; shall extend to male young persons employed in Iron and Steel Foundries. This Order shall come into force on the 1st July, 1904. The Order of the 14th July, 1903, is hereby repealed. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal • Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23rd June, 1904. * See p. 6. t This Order was gazetted June 28, 1904, t 1 Bdw. 7, 0. 2?. Special Conditions for Fruit Preserving. 19 Qrdee, dated Ootobee 13, 1908.* 1908. No. 807. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by section 40 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby direct that the following special exceptions, namely : — (a) An exception permitting women and young persons employed in a workshop to have the times allowed for meals at different hours of the day ; and (6) An exception permitting women and young persons during the times allowed for meals in the workshop to be allowed to remain in a room in which a manufacturing process or handicraft is being carried on ; shall extend to women and young persons employed in Floeists' Woekshops, subject to the condition that in every workshop the occupier of which avails himself of this exception there shall be affixed a notice sho"mng the names of the women and young persons employed in the workshop and the times allowed to each of them for meals. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 13th October, 1908. (d) Special Coaditions for Fruit Preserving. Oedee dated Septembee 11, 1907.J 1907. No. 728. In pursuance of .Sections 41 and 58 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby order that the following conditions shall be observed in factories and workshops in which women or young persons are employed in the process of cleaning or preparing fruit in pursuance of the special exception allowed by Section 41 : — Provided that the conditions prescribed in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 (e), 3 (/), and 4 shall not take effect until June 1st, 1908. * This Order was gazetted October 16, 1908. f 1 Edw. 7, a. 22. } This Order was gazetted September 17, 1907. (b 247— Op. 15) 2 20 Special Conditions for Fruit Preserving. 1. There shall be sufiELcient and suitable sanitary accommodation for the use of all persons employed, as defined in the Special Order made by the Secretary of State under section 9 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901* 2. There shall be sufficient and suitable washing accommodation for the use of all persons employed in cleaning or preparing fruit. 3. In each room in which women or young persons are employed in pursuance of the special exception : — (a) There shall be not less than 400 cubic feet of air space for each person employed in the room. (b) If any process is carried on which entails the giving off of steam, a fan or other efficient means shall be maintained and used for the removal of steam at or near to the point of origin. (c) A thermometer shall be kept affixed. {d) The floors shall be niaintained in good condition ; and, if any wet process is carried on, so drained as to carry the wet away from the workers. (e) The walls and ceilings shall once in every six months be limewashed, or, if the surface be such as not to admit of limewashing, washed. (/) There shall be adequate lighting. 4. No woman or young person shall be employed in pursuance of the special exception unless and until the occupier holds a certificate from the Inspector of the district, to the effect that provision has been made to his satisfaction for compliance with the foregoing requirements of this Order, for the maintenance of a reasonable temperature, and for ventilation. Such certificate shall be in writing, and shall be kept attached to the General Register, and shall be revocable at any time by one week's notice in writing from the Inspector of the district. 5. No young person shall be employed to lift, carry, or move any weight so heavy as to be likely to cause injury to such yotmg person. 6. (a) No woman or young person shall be employed before six o'clock in the morning or after ten o'clock in the evening. {b) In the case of young persons, a period of not less than ten hours shall elapse between the termination of work on one day and the -commencement of work on the following day. 7. No woman or young person shall be employed continuously for more than five hours without an interval of at least half an hour.. * See p. 6. Special Exceptions to Creameries. 21 8. There shall be an interval of one hour at least, either, at the same time or at different times, before three o'clock in the afternoon. 9. No woman or young person shall be employed in pursuance of the exception who has since the first day of October last preceding been employed by the same occupier outside the ordinary period of employment in pursuance of any other special exception. 10. The occupier shall each year, before employing any person in pursuance of the special exception, enter in the prescribed Notice, which shall be kept affixed in the factory or workshop, the name of such person, and whether under 16, under 18, or over 18 years of age, and a declaration that such person has not been employed outside the ordinary period of employment in pursuance of any other special exception since the first day of October last preceding. 11. On every day on which a woman or young person is employed in pursuance of the special exception, the occupier shall enter in the prescribed Register, and report to the Inspector of the district in the prescribed form, the hour at which the fruit arrived at the factory or workshop, the processes on which women or young persons were employed ia pursuance of the exception, the periods of employment of such women and young persons, and the intervals allowed them for meals. 12. The Order of 17th June, 1902, is hereby repealed. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, nth September, 1907. (e) Special Exceptions to Creameries. Obdee, dated October 23, 1903.* 1903. No. 893. In pursuance of section 42 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby grant the following special exceptions to creameries : — (1) During the months of May to October inclusive women and young persons may be employed duriag a period of employment which shall on Saturdays or any day substituted for Saturday in pursuance of section 43 of the Act, begin at six o'clock in the morninw and end at two o'clock in the afternoon, and on the other week days begin at six o'clock in the morning and end at nine o'clock in the evening and shall on Sundays and hoUdays be a period of three con- * This Order was gazetted October 27, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 22 Substitution of another day for Saturday. secutive hours to be fixed between six o'clock in the momihg and seven o'clock in the evening, subject to the following conditions :— ' (i) A woman or young person shall not be employed continuously for more than five hours without ah interval of at lea^t half an hour for a meal ; (ii) There shall be allowed for inter\-als on Saturday, or the da^ substituted for Saturday, not less than one hour, and on the other week days not less than five hours, including the whole time from twelve noon to four o'clock in the afternoon ; (iii) No overtime shall be worked in the creamery in pursuance of any other exception. (2) In creameries where the above exception is not used, women and yoimg persons may be employed during the said months on Sundays and holidays during a period of three consecutive hours toi be fixed between six o'clock in the morning and seven o'clock in the evening, subject to the following conditions : — (i) An interval of not less than half-an-hour shall be allowed within the period of employment' on: each week day, in addition to those required by the Act. (ii) No overtime shall be worked in the creamery in pursuance of any other exception. The Order dated the 9th June, 1902, is hereby repealed. ' A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. .; ;, Home Office, Whitehall, October 23rd, 1903. Note. — Before this exception is used in any creamery, notice must, in pursuance of section 60 of the Factory and Worlihop Act, 1901, be posted in the creamery showing the beginning and end of the period of employment and the intervals to be allowed, and a copy of such notice must be sent to the Inspector. The notice must be kept affixed so long as the exception is used. No change may be made in the periods or intervals specified in the notice until the occupier has served. on_ the Inspector, and affixed in the creamery, notice of his intention to make the change, nor more often than once a quarter unless for special cause allowed in writing by an Inspector.— Section 32. (f) Substitution Qf another day for Saturday. Oeder, dated December 26, 1907.* 1907. No. 1008. In pursuance of the powers conferred on me by Section 43 of, the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f as amended by the Factory and Workshop Act, 1907,$ I hereby grant to the factories and workshops * This Order was gazetted December 28, 1907. f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. } 7 Edw. 7, c. 39. ' ' Substitution of another day for Saturday. 23 named in the Schedule to this Order, a special exception authorising the occupier to substitute some other day for Saturday as the weekly short day. The Order of the 20th December, 1882, granting the said exception, is hereby revoked. This Order shall come into force on the first day of January, 1908. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 26th-December, 1907. Schedule. Non-textile factories in which is carried on the printing of newspapers, or of periodicals, or of railway time tables, or of law or parliamentary proceedings. Non-textile factories and workshops in which is carried on any manufacturing process, or handicraft in connection with a retail shop on the same premises. Non-textile factories or workshops in which is carried on the manufacture of any article of wearing apparel, or of food. Non-textile factories and workshops in places in which the market day is Saturday, or in which a special day has been set apart for weeldy half -holiday. Laundries. Oedek, dated Febkuaey 3, 1902^* 1902, No. 59. Whereas by an Order dated the 20th December, 1882,f a special exception was granted to occupiers of Non-Textile Factories in wmoH is careied on the Printing of Newspapers, authorising them to substitute, by notice affixed in the factory, some other day for Saturday as regards the hour at which the employment of women, young persons, and children is required to end on Saturday, and it was provided by such Order that, while such special exception was acted on, the said Act should apply in every such factory in like manner as if the substituted day were Saturday and Saturday were an ordinary workday : And whereas by Section 43 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,1 it is enacted that the Secretary of State may, in the case of * This Order was gazetted February 7, 1902. t Printed on p. 100 of Statutory Rules and Orders, 1902. This Order was revoked by, but its provisions incorporated in, the Order of December 2(5, 1907, above. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. 24 Holidays on different days to different Sets, such factories, authorise the substitution of some other day for Saturday in respect of some of the young persons therein employed : Now, I, the Eight Honourable Charles Thomson Ritchie, one of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, in pursuance of the said section, hereby grant a special exception authorising the occupier of every such factory as aforesaid to substitute some other day for Saturday in respect of some only of the young persons employed therein, subject to the condition that a list of the young persons in respect of whom another day is substituted shall be kept constantly affixed in the factory. Chas. T. Ritchie, Home Office, Whitehall, 3rd February, 1902. One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. (g) Holidays on different days to different Sets. Order, DATED December 20, 1882.* Whereas it has been proved to my satisfaction that the customs -or exigencies of the trades carried on in non-textile factories and workshops of the classes mentioned in the Schedule hereunder require that the special exception hereafter mentioned should be granted : Now, I, the Right Honourable Sir William Vernon Harcourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,t grant to factories and workshops of such classes a special exception, authorising the occupier of any such factory or workshop to allow all or any of the half-holidays or whole holidays in lieu of them on different days to any of the children, young persons, and women employed in his factory or workshop, or to any sets of such children, young persons, and women, and not on the sanae days. This Order shall come into operation on 1st January, 1883, and -shall continue in force until revoked. 1^. V. Earcowt. Whitehall, 20th December, 1882. Schedule. {a) Non-textile factories in which is carried on the printing of newspapers or of periodicals, or of railway time tables, or of law or parliamentary proceedings. * This Order was gazetted December 22, 1882. t 41 & 42 Vict. 0. 16 ; now s. 45 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Two hours Overtime of Women for press of work. 25 (&) Non-textile factories and workshops in which any manufacturing process or handicraft is carried on in connexion with a retail shop on the same premises. (c) Non-textile factories and workshops in which is carried on the making of any article of wearing apparel or of food. (d) Non-textile factories in which is carried on the manufacture of- plate glass. Oeder, dated October 13, 1908.* 1908. No. 808. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by section 45 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby grant to the following factories and workshops, namely :— (a) Florists' WorhslKypsX ; and (6) Hospital laundries in Scotland ; a special exception authorising the occupier of any such factory or workshop to allow all or any of the annual whole holidays or half holidays on different days to any of the wom.en and young persons employed in the factory or workshop or to any sets of those women and young persons, and not on the same days. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 13th October, 1908. (2) Special Exceptions as to Gvertime. (a) Two'liours Overtime of Women for press of work. Order, dated October 13, 1908. 1908. No. 809. In piirsuance of the power conferred on me by Section 49 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby direct that the special exception in the said section mentioned, by which the period of * This Order was gazetted October 16, 1908. "f 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. X This Order was rev^oked so far as it relates to florists' workshops by an Order of the Secretary of State dated December 13, 1909, gazetted December 17, 1909. 26 Two hours Overtime of Women for press of work. employment of women may on certain days and subject to certain conditions be between six o'clock in the morning and eight o'clock in the evening, or between seven o'clock in the morning and nine o'clock in the evening, or between eight o'clock in the morning and ten o'clock in the evening, shall be extended to the non -textile factories and workshops, or parts thereof, in which the following processes, or any of them are carried on, viz. : — 1. The making of cardboard and millboard. 2. The colouring and enamelling of paper, other than wall- papers. 3 The stamping in relief on paper and envelopes. 4. The making of postage stamps, stamped post cards, and stamped envelopes. 5. The making of Christmas and New Year cards, and of cosaques. 6. The making of meat pies, of mincemeat, and of Christmas puddings. 7. The bottling of beer. 8. The making of boxes for aerated water bottles. 9. The washing of bottles for use in the preserving of fruit. 10. The making arid mixing of butter and the making of cheese. 11. The making of fireworks. 12. The calendering, finishing, hooking, lapping," or making up and packing of any yam or cloth. Provided that in Lancashire and Cheshire this exception shall not apply unless such processes are the only processes carried on in the factory. 13. The warping, winding, or fiUing of yarn, without the aid of mechanical power, as incidental to the weaving of ribbons. 14. The making up of any article of t^ble-linen, bed-linen, or other household linen, and processes incidental thereto. 15. The making of bouquets or wreaths or similar articles from natural flowers or leaves or processes in which natural flowers or leaves are otherwise adapted for sale. Provided that it shall be a condition of the employment of any woman in pursuance of this Order that — (1) There shall be in each room in which overtime is being worked at least 400 cubic feet of space for each person employed therein ; (2) A woman shall not be employed oveWime on any process other than a process named in this Order. Overtime in Factories in which the machinery is moved 27 by Water Power alone. The Orders of 29th December, 1903, and 15th November, 1904, extending the said exception, are hereby revoked. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 13th October, 1908. (b) Overtime Kmployment in Factories in wliich the machinery is moved by Water Power alone. Oedee, DATED Decembee 20, 1882.* I, the Eight Honourable Sir William Vernon Haroourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under Part 2 of the Factory and Workshop Act, lB78,t grant to every factory falling within the class of factories mentioned in the Schedule hereunder, a special exception permitting the employment therein of young persons and women during a period of employment from 6 a.m. to 7 p.m., for the purpose of recovery of time lost from ,the. stoppage of such factory by drought or flood, subject nevertheless to the following conditions : — 1. No person employed imder this special exception shall be thereby deprived of the meal hours by the Act provided, or be so employed on Saturday. 2. Notice of the time lost and the cause thereof shall be reported to the Inspector within three days of such loss. 3. Notice of the recovery of the time lost sha,ll be reported' to the Inspector day by day as the same has been recovered. 4. This special exception shaU not be available — (a) for the recovery of any time lost more than 12 months previously ; (6) for the recovery of time lost from the stoppage of the factory by drought, for more than 96 days in any period of 12 months ; (c) for the recovery of time lost from the stoppage of the factory by floods, for more than 48 days in any period of 12 months. 5. This special exception will not authorise the employment of children. This Order shall come into effect on the 1st January, 1883, and shall continue in force until revoked. W. V. Harcourt. Whitehall, 20th December, 1882. Schedule. Factories in which water power alone is used to move the machinery. * This Order was gazetted December 22, 1882. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now s. 52 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 28 Night Work. (3) Special Exceptions as to Niglit Work of Male Young Persons. (a) Electrical Stations. Order, dated March 11, 1903.* 1903. No. 187. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by Section 54, sub- section (4), of the Factory and Workshop Act, 190'l,t I hereby direct that the special exception by which a male yoxmg person may be employed during the night shall extend to male young persons of the age of 16 and upwards employed in Electrical Stations, subject to the conditions prescribed in sub-section (1) of the said section 54 and to the following further conditions : — (1) For the purpose of ensuring that a reasonable temperature shall be maintained as required by Section 6 of the Act, thermometers shall be provided, maintained and kept in working order in suitable positions in each room where such young persons are employed ; (2) Sufficient ,and suitable sanitary accommodation complying with the requirements of any special orderj made by the Secretary of State under Section 9 of the Act shall be provided ; (3) The exception shall apply only to young persons employed as assistants to adults who are actually present with them during the whole time of their employment. This Order shall come into force on the 1st April, 1903. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 11th March, 1903. (b) China Clay Works. Order, dated May 4, 1903.§ 1903. No. 363. In pursuance of the power conferred on me by Section 54, sub- section 4, of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby direct that the special exception by which a male young person may be employed during the night shall extend to male young persons of the age of sixteen years and upwards employed in the following places and processes in non-textile factories and workshops, subject to the conditions prescribed in sub-section 1 of the said section. * This Order was gazetted March 13, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. t See p. 6. § This Order was gazetted May 8, 1903. Night Work. 29 * That part o a factory in which reverberatory or regenerative fwnaces are used and are necessarily kept in operation daif and, night in order to avoid waste of material or fuel. * The knocking out and cutting departments of factories engaged in. the refining of haf sugar. * The 'process of galvanising sheet metal and wire in factories. * Such parts of mineral dressing floors in Cornwall as are appro- priated to the processes of calcining and stamping. China clay works. * Factories and workshops connected with lead and zinc mines in- which the concentration of the ores is carried on. The Orders of the 16th November, 1895, and 22nd August, 1902, extending the said exception, are hereby revoked. This Order shall come into force on the 1st Jmie, 1903. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, ith May, 1903. (c) Reverberatory or Regenerative Furnaces. Okdek, dated May 21, 1913.t 1913. No. 564. In pursuance of Section 59 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, J I hereby rescind so much of the Order of the 4th May, 1903,§ as relates to the night employment of young persons in factories in which reverberatory or regenerative furnaces are used, and ia pursuance of Section 54 of that Act I direct that the special exception by which a male yoimg person may be employed during the night shall extend, so far as regards young persons of the age of 16 years and upwards, to that part of any factory in which Eevbebeeatoby oe Regeneeative Fuenaces are used and are necessarily kept in operation day and night in order to avoid waste of material or fuel, subject to the conditions prescribed in Subsection (1) of the said section and to the following further conditions :^ (1) The exception shall apply only to young persons employed in such processes requiring to be carried on continuously throughout the night as are defined in the certificate of the Inspector hereinafter mentioned. * This Order, except in so far as it relates to china clay works, is revoked by an Order dated June 14, 1913 (gazetted June 17, 1913), and the Orders dated May 21, 1913, printed on pp. 29-31. These latter Orders re-enact, subject to certain restrictions and conditions, the special exceptions for parts of factories in which reverberatory or regenerative furnaces are used, and factories in which the galvanising of sheet metal and wire is carried on. t This Order was gazetted May 23, 1913. J 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. 5 See p. 28. 30 Night Work. (2) Every young person employed in pursuance of the exception shall be submitted by the occupier to the Certifying Surgeon for the district once at least in every six months for examination at the factory, for which examination the like fee shall be payable by the occupier as for examinations for, certificates of fitness in pursuance of the Act, and a register of. such examinations shall be kept at the factory in the prescribed form and containing the prescribed particulars. (3) No young person who on examinatioii is certified by the Certifying Surgeon, by signed entry in the register, to be unfit for such employment shall be employed again in pursuance of the exception without the written sanction of the Certifying Surgeon entered as above. (4) No young person shall be employed in pursuance of the exception unless and until the occupier holds a certificate from the Inspector of the district to the effect that pro- vision has been miade to his satisfaction for compliance with the conditions specified in this Order, which certificate shall define the processes to which the exception applies. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 21st May, 1913. (d) Galvanising Sheet Metal and Wire. Ordek, dated May 21, 1913.* 1913. No. 565. In pursuance of Section 59 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby rescind so much of the order of the 4th May, 1903,J as relates to the night employment of young persons in galvanising sheet metal and wire, and in pursuance of Section 54 of that Act I direct that the special' exception by which a male yoimg person iriay be employed during the night shall extend, so far as regards ^oung persons of the age of 16 years and upwards, to the factories or parts thereof in which is carried on the process of Galvanising Sheet Metal and Wire, subject to the conditions prescribed in Subsection (1) of the said section and to the following further conditions : — (1) The exception shall apply only to young persons employed in the process aforesaid. ' (2) Every young person employed in pursuance of the exception shall be submitted by the occupier to the Certifying Surgeon for the district once at least in every six months for examination at the factory, for which examination the like * This Order was gazetted May 23,. ] 913. f 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. i See p. 28. . Gonditions of Emptoyment in Cases of Special 31 Exceptions. fee shall be payable by the occupier as for examinations for certificates of fitness in pursuance of the Act, and a register of such examinations shall be kept at the factory in the - prescribed form and containing the prescribed particulars. (3) No young person who on examination is certified, by, the Certifying Surgeon, by signed entry in the register, to be unfit for such employment shall be employed again in pursuance of the exception without the written sanction of the Certifying Surgeon entered as above. (4) No young person shall be employed in pursuance of , the exception unless and until the occupier holds a certificate from the Inspector of the district to the effect that pro- vision has been made to his satisfaction for com,pliance with the conditions specified in this Order. R. McKenna, One of His.Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 21st May, 1913. (4) Conditions of Employment in Cases of Special Exceptions. ■ Cubic space per Person during Overtime. Ordee, dated December 20, 1882,* imposing Condition of Employment in cases of special exceptions. Whereas the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,t Part 2, Section 63, provides as follows : Where it appears to a Secretary of State that the adoption of any special means or provision for the cleanliness or ventilation of a factory or workshop is required for the protection of the health of any child, young person, or woman employed, in pursuance of an exception under this part of this Act, either for a longer period than is otherwise allowed by this Act, or at night, he may by order made under this part of this Act direct that the adoj)tion of such means or provision shall be a condition of such employment : * This order was gazetted December 22, 1882. So far as factories are con- cerned, Section 3 of the Paotory and Workshop Act, 1901, has superseded the provisions of this Order. In the case of workshops, however, the effect of that section is not to supersede the Order, but to give to the local sanitary authority a co-ordinate power to deal with overcrowding under the law relating to public health ; the Order, therefore, remains in full force' so far as regards workshops, and the condition which it imposes on the working of •o'^eEtime in workshops is enforceable by the inspectors of factories. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now see s. 58 of the Factory and Workshop Act, I'SOl. 32 Certificates of Fitness for Employment in Workshops, And whereas it appears to me that special means or provision for the ventilation of factories and workshops is required for the protection of the health of the young persons and women employed, in pursuance of an exception made under Part 2, section 53, of the said Act, for a longer period than is otherwise allowed by the said Act. Now I, the Right Honourable Sir William Vernon Harcourt, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made Under the said sixty-third section, direct that it shall be a condition of the employment in any factory or workshop mentioned in Part III. of Schedule III. to the same Act of any young person or woman, in pursuance of an exception under the said fifty-third section, that there shall be a cubic space of at least four hundred feet for every yoimg person and woman so employed. This Order shall come into effect on 1st January, 1883, and shall continue in force until revoked. W. V. Harcourt. Whitehall, 20th December, 1882. (5) Certificates of Fitness for Employment in Workshops. Obdeb,- dated August 31, 1906,* extending the pbovisions as TO Cebtificates of fitness to cebtain classes of Wobk- SHOPS. 1906. No. 680. In pursuance of Section 66 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,"}' I hereby extend to the classes of workshops nam,ed in the Schedule to this Order the prohibition in the said Act of the employ- ment of young persons under the age of 16 years and children without a certificate of fitness of the young person or child for employment. This Order shall come into force on the 1st January, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 31st August, 1906. Schedule. Workshops in which the following processes are carried on : — File-cutting ; Carriage building ; Rope and twine making ; Brick and tile making ; Making of iron and steel cables, chains, anchors, grapnels and cart gear ; Making of nails, screws and rivets ; Baking bread, biscuits, or confectionery ; Fruit preserving ; Making, altering, ornamenting, finishing, or repairing of wearing appatel by the aid of treadle sewing machines. ♦ This Order was gazetted September 14, 1906. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. Education of Children. 38 EDUCATION OF CHILDREN. (1) Definition of an Attendance at School : England and Wales. Oebee, bated December 24, 1878* Whereas by the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,f it is enacted as follows : — 23. The parent of a child employed in a factory or in a workshop- shall cause that child to attend some recognised efficient schooH (which school may be selected by such parent), as follows : — (1) The child, when employed in a morning or afternoon set, shall in every week during any part of which he is so employed be caused to attend on each work day for at least one attendance ; and (2) The child, when employed on the alternate day system shall on each work day preceding each day of employment. in the factory or workshop, be caused to attend for at least, two attendances ; (3) An attendance for the purposes of this section shall be an_ attendance as defined for the time being by a Secretary of; State with the consent of the Education Department and be between the hours of eight in the morning and six in the evening. 96. In England the expression " Education Department " means the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council on Education^ : Now I, the Right Honourable Richard Assheton Cross, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, with the consent of the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council on Education, hereby,, for the purposes of the above enactment, so far as concerns England, define " attendance " to mean the attendance of a child at a morning or afternoon meeting of a school during not less than two hoiurs of instruction in secular subjects. Richd. Assheton Cross, Home Office, Whitehall, December 24th, 1878. • This Order was gazetted December 31, 1878. t 41 & 42 Viot. 0. 16 ; now aee a. 68 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. j Now the " Board of Education." (b247— Gp. 16) D 34 Education of Childien. (2) Standards of Proficieiicy and of previous due Attendance : England and Wales. Obdeb, dated December 19, 1900,* assented to by Boabd git EducatioNj Decembee 31, 1900, 1900. No. 968. 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16, sec. 26. Whereas by thci Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,"|: it is < enacted SB follows : — Section 26.|— When a child of the age of thirteen years has obtained from a person authorised by the Education Department a certificate of having attained such standard of proficiency in reading, writing, and arithmetic, . or such standard of previous due attendance at a certified efficient school,' as Jiereinafter mentioned/ that child shall be deemed to be a young person for the purposes of this Act. " The standards of proficiency and due attendance for the purposes of this section shall be such as may be from time to time fixed for the purposes of this Act by a Secretary of State,, with, the! consent of the Education Department, and the standards so fixed shall be published in the London Gazette, and shall not have effect until the expiration of at least six m«atha after such publication. I J Attendance at a certified day industrial school shall be deemed ; for the purposes of this section to be attendance at a certified efficient school. • Section 95.§— The expression " certified efficient school" in this Act means a public elementary school within the meaning of the Elementary Education Acts,- 1870|| and 1873,11 and any workhouse school in England certified to be efficient by the Local Grovemment Board ** ; and also any elementary school which is not conducted for private profit and is open a* all reasonable times to 'theinspectibn of Her Majesty's inspectors' of schools; and requires the like attendance from its scholars as . is required in a pubHc elementary school, ,apd keep3.such.,registers of those attendances as may be for the time. being required by the Education Department, and is, certified by the Education Department to be an efficient school.- i o And whereas oni the 7th August, .1893], an Order*** was made by the Secretary of State fixing standards of proficiency and standards of previous due attendance, for the purposes of the above recited enactments' so far as they relate to England and Wales. * TLia Order was gazetted January 1, 1901. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16. } Now see s. 71 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. § Now see s. 72 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. II 33 & 34 Vict. 0. 75. "IT ,36,&.37 Vict. c. 86, ** Now the " Ministry of Health." *** Printed in Statutory Rules and Orders, 1893, p. 29Q. Education of Children, 3r> Now I, the -Right Honourable Charles Thomson Ritchie, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries 'of ' Stdte, with the consent of the Board of Bdilcation, hereby for the purpose of the said enact- ,ments, and, so far as the same relate to England and Wales, order 'that, from and after' the 1st day of July, 1901,' the aforesaid Order of the 7th August, 1893, shall be revoked, and instead thereof the 'loUowiag provisions shall take efiect, that is to say : — ' («) The ■ standard of proficiency for the purpose of a certificate of proficiency to be given to any child shall be the ^ Fifth Standard of reading, writing, and arithmetic, as fixed by the Code in force ior the- time being, or any higher- standard which may be attained by the child. , i . Certificates of proficiency may be granted in the manner pre- scribed by sections 4 to . 8 of ■ the Regulations of the Board of Education, dated.23rd April, 1900.* (b) The standard of previous due attendance at a certified efficient school for the purpose of a certificate of previous due attendance shall,^ in the case of any child, be 350 attendances after such child has attained five years of age in not more than two schools during each year for five years, w'hether consecutive or not. Certificates of previous due attendance at school may be granted in the manner prescribed by sections 9 to 11 of the Regulations of the Board of Education, dated 23rd April, 1900.* , ,,v , , Chas. T. Ritchie, . „ ■ One of Her Majesty's Principal .,, Secretaries of State. , ,,Hpme Office, Whitehall, ,. . , Decembetl9th, 1900. The- Board of 'Education hereby consents to the standards of jaoficiency^and due attendance fixed by the Secretary of State in the>above Order -foF the pxirp«ses' of -the Factory and Workshop AcJt, 1878.t ,■;..■ 1 , , ' • ■ , H. M. Lindsell, One of the Assistant Secretaries of th© Board of Education. „ December 31st, 1900. '' N6te.— In districts where the Byelaws made by the School Authority under the Elementary Education Acts apply to children between 13 and 14 years of age, a child must also satisfy the con- ditions of total exemption prescribed by the Byelaws before he can be legally employed full time in a factory or worlcshop. (Stevenson v. Goldstraw [1906] 2 K.B. 298.) * Printed in Statutory Rules and Orders, 1900, p. 233 ; the Order was revoked, and the above sections re-enacted by Order dated March 21, 1901, . printed in the Statutory Rules and Orders Revised, 1904. IV. Education, England, pp. 30 to 39. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16. (B247-Gp. 15) D 2 36 Education of Children. (3) Definition of an Attendance at School : Scotland. Obder, dated December 24, 1878.* Whereas by the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,t it is enacted as follows : — 23. The parent of a child employed in a factory or in a workshop shall cause that child to attend some recognised efi&cient school (which school may be selected by such parent), as follows : — (1) The child, when employed in a morning or afternoon set, shall in every week during any part of which he is so employed be caused to attend on each work day for at least one attendance ; and (2) The child, when employed on the alternate day system, shall on each work day preceding each day of employment in the factory or workshop, be caused to attend for at least two attendances ; (3) An attendance for the purposes of this section shall be an attendance as defined for the time being by a Secretary of State with the consent of the Education Department, and be between the hours of eight in the morning and six in the evening. 105. In Scotland the expression " Education Department " means the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council appointed by Her Majesty on Education in Scotland : Now I, the Right Honourable Richard Assheton Cross, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, with the consent of the Lords of the Committee of the Privy Council appointed by Her Majesty on Education in Scotland, hereby, for the purposes of the above enactment, so far as concerns Scotland, define "attendance" to mean the attendance of a child at a morning or afternoon meeting of a school during not less than two hours of instruction in secular subjects. Richd. Assheton Gross. Home OflEioe, Whitehall, December 24th, 1878. * This Order was gazetted December 31, 1878. t 41 & 42 Vict. c. 16 ; now see s. 68 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Education of Children. 37 (4) Definition of an Attendance at School : Standard of Proficiency : Ireland. Order, dated February 19, 1903.* 1903. No. 232. 1 Edward VII., c. 22, ss. 68, 71, 160. In pursuance of Sections 68 and 71 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order :— (1) An attendance for the purposes of Section 68 of the said Act ishall be an attendance at instruction in secular subjects for a period of not less than two hours at some recognised efficient school. (2) The standard of proficiency for the purpose of Section 71 of the said Act shall be such proficiency in reading, writing, and arithmetic as is prescribed for the fifth class or standard in the programme of instruction of the Commissioners of National Education in Ireland. (3) Certificates of proficiency may be granted in the same manner as is prescribed for Certificates under the Irish Education Act of 1892 by the Second Schedule to that Act (55 & 56 Vict., chapter 42). (4) The Order of the 15th February, 1879, defining an attendance at a recognised efficient school in Ireland, and prescribing the standard of proficiency and the standard of previous due attendance in Ireland is hereby revoked. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 19th February, 1903. By the Lord Lieutenant and Privy Council in Ireland. Dudley. Whereas the Eight Honourable Aretas Akers-Douglas, one of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, imder and pursuant to the provisions of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f made an Order, which provided as follows : — 1. An attendance, for the purposes of Section 68 of the said Act, shall be an attendance at instruction in secular subjects for a period of not less than two hours at some recognised efficient school. 2. The standard of proficiency, for the purpose of Section 71 of the said Act, shall be such proficiency in reading, writing, and arithmetic as is prescribed for the fifth class or standard in the programme of instruction of the Commissioners of National Education in Ireland. * This Order was gazetted in the Dublin Gazette, March 10, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 38 Requiaition lor Certificate of Birth. 3. Certificates of proficiency may be granted in the same manner as is prescribed for Certificates under the Irish Education Act of 1892 by the Second Schedule to that Act (55 and 56 Vict., chalpter 42). ' '»'- ■'! • ■ '"■"' 4. The Order of the 15th February, 1879, defining an attendance at a recognised efficient school in Ireland, and prescribing the standard of proficiency and the standard of previous due attendance in Irelapd, is hereby reypked. . Now We, William Humble, Earl of Dudley, Lord Lieutenanfe- Seneral and General Governor of IreljaQd,iin pursuance of the/powers ivested in Us by Sections 68, 71, and 160 of the' said Act, and of every other power Us thereunto enabling, by and with the advice; consent, and approval of the PHvy Council in Ireland, do hereby -consent to and approve of the provisions of the hereinbefore recited Order of the said Aretas Akers-Douglas. • Given at the Council Chamber, Dublin Castle, this 10th dav of March, 1903. P'Conor Don. John Ross. (5) Requisition for Certificate of Birth. (a) England and Wales. . ; . ' . ) Order of the Local Government Board, dated March 15, 1910.* ■ ' ■ ' - igib.' No. 301. To all Superintendent Registrars, and Registrars of Births and Deaths in England and Wales : — And to all others whom it may concern. Whereas by section 134 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f it is enacted as follows :— " Where the age of any young person under the age of sixteen years or child is required to be ascertained or proved for the purposes of this Act, or for any purpose connected with the emplo3rment in labour or elementary education of the young person or child,, any person shall on presenting a written requisition in such form and containing such par- ticulars as may be from timjBi to tim& prescribed by the Local Government Board, J and on payment of a fee of sixpence, be entitled to obtain a certified copy under the hand of a registrar or superintendent registrar of the entry in the register, under the Births and Deaths Registration Acts, 1836 to 1874, of the birth of that young person or child ; and such form of requisition shall, on request, be supplied) without charge by every superintendient registrar and registrar of births, , deaths, and marriages." , * This Order was gazetted March 18, 1910. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. t Now the "Ministry of Health." Requisition for Certificate of Birth. 39 And whereas by an Order dated the 23rd day of December, 1901, We, the Local Government Board, prescribed the form in which;.j the irequiSition referred' to in the above-cited enactment should be made, and'iii is expedient ' that such further provision as is herein- after contained be made in that behalf : Now therefore, in pursuance of the powers given to Us by the Statutes in that behalf. We hereby order as follows :— Article I.— The said Order, dated the T#enty-third day of Decem- ber, One thoiisand nine hundred and one, is hereby revoked. Article II.' — The requisition to be made to entitle any person to obtain a certified copy of an entry- of a registry of birth under the section above-cited shall be in the Form set forth in the Schedule to this Order. Artidle III. — This Order shall come into operation on the Fifteenth day of April, ' Oue thousand niUe hmldred and ten. Schedule. The Factoet and Wobkshop Act, 1901. Requisition for a certified Copy of an entry of Birth for the purposes of the above-mentioned Act, or for any purpose connected jdth the employment in labour or elementary education of a Young Person under the age of sixteen years or of a Child. To the Superintendent Registrar or Registrar of Births and Deaths having the custody, of the Register in which the birth of the under-mentioned Young Person or Child is registered : — I, the iindersigned, ' hereby demand^ for the purpose mentioned below, a. Certificate of the Birth of the Yo'iing' 'Person or Child named in the subjoined Schedule; Christian Name and Surname of the Young ^Person or Child,.of whose age a Certificate is required. Names of the Parents of such Young Person or Child. Father. Mother. Where such Young Per- son or Child was Bom. In what Year such Yqung Per- son or Child was Bom. The CartiSoate is required for the following purposes,Tiamely :■ — '■■■ . Dated this day, of , 19 . Signature Address Oxwpation Given imder the Seal of Office of the Local Government Board, '■'■}' this Fifteenth day of March, in the' year One thousand nine hundred and ten. (l.s.) John Burns, , ,, President. Walter T. Jerred, Assistant Secretary. 40 Eequisifcion for Certificate of Birth, (b) Scotland. Obdeb OB THE Local Govebnment Boaed for Scotland, dated February 14, 1902, prescribing form of Requisition fob Extract of Entry of Birth. 1902. No. 133. To all Registrars of Births and Deaths in Scotland : And to all others whom it may concern. Whereas by section 134 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* it is enacted as follows :— " Where the age of any young person under the age of sixteen years, or child, is required to be ascertained or proved for the purposes of this Act, or for any purpose connected with the employment in labour or elementary education of the young person or child, any person shall on presenting a written requisition in such form and containing such par- ticulars as may be from time to time prescribed by the Local Government Board, and on payment of a fee of sixpence, be entitled to obtain a certified copy imder the hand of a registrar or superintendent registrar of the entry in the register under the Births and Deaths Registration Acts, 1836 to 1874, of the birth of that yoimg person or •child; and such form of requisition shall, on request, be supplied without charge by every superintendent registrar and registrar of births, deaths, and marriages " ; And whereas by Section 159 of the aforesaid Act, it is enacted as follows : — " In the application of this Act to Scotland " — " the expression ' Local Government Board ' means the Local Government Board for Scotland " ; Now therefore We, the Local Government Board for Scotland, in pursuance of the powers given to Us by the Statutes in that behalf, hereby Order as follows : — Article I. — The requisition to be made to entitle any person to obtain an extract under the hand of the Registrar of an entry of birth under the section above cited shall be in the Form set forth in the Schedule to this Order. Article 11. — This Order shall come into operation on the twenty- first day of February, One thousand nine hundred and two. Schedule. The Faotoet and Workshop Aot, 1901. Bequisition for an extract under the hand of the Begistrar of an entry of Birth for the purposes of the above Aot, or for any purpose connected with the employment in labour or elementary education of a Child or Young Feison under the age of sixteen years. • 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Requisition ior Certificate of Birth. 41 To the Registrar having the, custody of the Register in which the birth of the undermentioned Child or Young Person is registered. I, the undersigned, hereby demand for the purposes above-mentioned, or ■ome or one of them, an Extract under your hand of the Entry of the Birth of the Child or Young Person named in the subjoined Schedule. Christian Name and Surname of the Child or Young Person of Names of the Parents of such Child or Young Person. Where such Child or Young Per- son was Bom. When such Child or Young Per- nrhose Age a Certificate is required. Father, Mother. son was Bom. 'vl-' Dated this day of 19 Address Occupation Given under the Seal of Office of the Local Grovernment Board for Scotland this fourteenth day of February, One thousand nine hundred and two. Malcolm McNeill, Vice-President. G. Falconer-Stewart, Secretary. (c) Ireland. Oeder of the Local Government Board for Ireland, dated May 2, 1902, prescribing form of Requisition for Certificate of Birth. ._ 1902. No. 404. To all Superintendent Registrars, and Registrars of Births and Deaths in Ireland ; and to all others whom it may concern : Whereas by section 134 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* as applied to Ireland by section 160 of the said Act, it is enacted as follows :— " Where the age of any young person imder the age of sixteen years or child is required to be ascertained or proved for the purposes of this Act, or for any purpose connected with the employment in labour or elementary education of the young person or child, any person shall on presenting a written requisition in such form and containing such par- ticulars as may be from time to time prescribed by the .; ; * lEdw. 7, 0. 22. 42 Eequiisition f or Certificate of Birth. Local Govenimeiit "Board for Ireland, and on payment of a fee of sixpence be entitle^ to obtain a certified copy under the hand, of a registrar or superintendent registrar of the entry in the register under the Births and Deaths Registrar} tion Ireland Acts, 1863 to 1880, of the birth of that young person or child; and such form of requisition shall, on Tequest, be supplied without charge by every superintendent registrar and registrar of births, deaths, and marriages." Now therefore, We, the Local Government Board for Ireland, iii pursuance of the powers given to Us by the Statutes in that behalf , do hereby Order as follows, that is to say : — Article I. — The requisition to be made to entitle any person to obtain a certified copy of an entry of a registry of birth tmder the sectioU above-cited shall be in the Form set forth in the Schedule to this Order. Article II. — ^This Order shall come into operation on the First day of July, One thousand nine hvmdred and two. Schedule. The Factoby and Woekshop Act, 1901. Requisition for a certified Copy of an entry of Birth for the purposes of the above-'mentioned Act, or for any purpose connected with the: employment in labour or elementary education of a Young Person under the age of sixteen years or of a Child. To the Superintending Registrar or Registrar of Births and Deaths haying the custody' of the Register in which the birth of the undermentioned Young Person or Child is registered : — * Here state !> the undersigned, hereby demand for the purposes of* gpecifically ^ Certificate of the Birth of the Young Person or the purpoBe Child named in the subjoined Schedule. for which the ' oertifioateis required. Christian Name and Surname of, the Young Person or Child of whose Age a Certificate is required. Names of the Parents of such Young Person or ■ Child. ' ' Father. Mother. Where such Yoimg Per- son or Child was Born. In what Year such Young Per- son or Child was Bom. Dated this day of Signature. . Address Occupation. Given imder Our Seal of Office, this Second day of May, in the Year One thousand nine hundred and two; (L.S.) H. A. Robinson. Nptificajiion of Diseases. C PjJgJiiWtion oHaking 43 Meals in certain Places. NOTIFICATION OF DISEASES. Toxic Jaundice. Ordeb dated November 27, 1915.* 1915. No. 1170. In. pursuance of sub-section 4 of section 73 of" the Factory and Vforkshop Act, 1901, f I hereby apply the provisions of the said. Section to all cases of toxic jaundice occurring in a factory or #ork^hop ; that is, jaundice due to tetrachlorethane or nitro- or amido- derivatives of benzene or other poisonous substance. This Order shall come into force on the 1st day of January, 1916. John Simon, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 27th November, 1915. DANGEROUS AND UNHEALTHY INDUSTRIES. (1) Proliibition of taking Meals in certain Places. Order, dated March 23, 1898,J extending the Prohibition containiid in s. 39 of the factory and workshop Act, 1878. 1898. No. 227. Whereas by section 39 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878,§ it is enacted as follows : — ■ " A child, yoimg person, or woman shall not be allowed to take a meal, or to remain during the times allowed for meals, in the parts of the factories or workshops to which this section appHes :• and a child, young person, or woman allowed to take a meal or to remain in contravention of this section shall be deemed to be employed contrary to the provisions of this Act. " Notice of the prohibition in this section shall be affixed in a factory or workshop to which it applies " : * This Order was gazatted December 10, 1915. t 1 Bdw. 7, c. 22. t This Order was gazetted March 25, 1898. § 41 &-42-Vict.-o-. -16; - now s. 78 (+) (5) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 44 Prohibition of taking Meals in certain Places. And whereas the said prohibition applies to the parts of factories or workshops named in the first schedule to this Order : And whereas a Secretary of State is also by the said section empowered, w:here it appears to him that by reason of the nature of the process in any class of factories or workshops or parts thereof, not named in the said schedule, the taking of meals therein is specially injurious to health, to "make an order extending the pro- hibition in the said section to the said class of factories or workshops or parts thereof : Now I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order, made under section 65 of the said Act, extend the prohibition to the classes of factories or workshops or parts thereof named in the second schedule hereto. This Order shall come into effect on the 1st April, 1898, from which date the Order of the 20th December, 1882, is revoked. M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 23rd March, 1898. ■ First Schedule.' (Factory and Workshop Act, 1878, 2nd Schedule.)* The parts of glass works in which the materials are mixed. The parts of works where flint glass is made in which the work of grinding, cutting, or poUshing is carried on. The parts of lucifer-match works in which any manufacturing process or handicraft (except that of cutting the wood) is usually carried on. The parts of earthenware works known or used as dipper's house, dipper's drying room, or china-scouring room. Second Schedule. (Extension of Prohibition.) The parts of textile factories in which the process of gassing is carried on. The parts of printworks, bleaching works, and dyeing works in which the process of singeing is carried on. The parts of factories or workshops in which any of the following processes flro carried on : — Sorting or dusting wool or hair. Sorting, dusting, or grinding rags. Fur-pulling. Grinding, glazing, or polishing on a wheel. Brass-casting, typefounding. Dipping metal in aquafortis or other acid solution. Metal-bronzing. Majolica painting on earthenware. Cleaning and repairing catgut. * Now s. 78 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. 45 Cutting, turning, or polishing bono, ivory, pearlshell, or anailshell. Manufacturing chemicals or artificial manures. Manufacturing white lead. Lithographic printing. Playing-card making. Fancy box making. Paper staining. Almanack making Artificial flower making. Paper colouring and enamelling, Colour making. if and when dry powder or dust is used. (2) Certificates that certain Processes are Dangerous. The following is a list of the processes certified to be dangerous under section 8 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1891, and section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901 :— Aerated water, bottling of, &o Arsenic, extraction of Benzene : manufacture of nitre and amido derivatives of, and of explosives with dinitrobenzol or dinitrotoluol Brass, &c., casting of Bronzing (use of dry metallic powders in letterpress printing, lithographic printing, and coating metal sheets) Celluloid, &c., manufacture, &c., of Chemical works, processes in , Chromate and bichromate of potassium and sodium, manufacture of Docks, wharves and quays, loading and unloading at, &c. Electric accumulators, manufacture of Electricity, generation, transformation, distribution or use of Enamelling, vitreous, of metal or glass Felt hats, manufacture of (with aid of inflammable solvent) File cutting by hand Flax and tow, spinning and weaving of Grinding of metals and racing of grindstones Hemp and jute and hemp or jute tow, spinning and weaving of, &c. Hides and skins, sorting foreign Horsehair from China, Siberia, or Russia, use of India-rubber, vulcanizing, &c. Iron or steel, casting of Lead, smelting of materials containing ; manufacture of red or orange lead and of flaked litharge. Lead: manufacture of white l^ad Locomotives and waggons, use of, on lines or sidings Mules, self-acting, spinning by means of Paints and colours, manufacture of Patent fuel (briquettes), manufacture of with addition of pitch .. Pottery, manufacture and decoration of ; making of lithographii transfers, frits, or glazes Quarries, processes in Ships, construction and repair of Tinning of metal articles Wool, goat hair and camel hair, sorting, willeying, washing, combing and carding Yam dyed by means of a lead compound, heading of 47 46 54 sa 66 57 47 57 50 50 54 54 49 50 51 55 52 49 53 4a 58 56 46 51 51 62 65 66 47 57 66 sa 46 Dangerous and Unhealthy Jadustries : — Certificates. Certificate, dated May 9, 1892.* Whereas by section 8 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Actj 1891,f it is enacted that : — " Where the Secretary of State certifies that in his opinion any machinery or process or particular description of manual labour used in a factory or workshopi (other than a domestic workshop) is dangerous or injurious to health, or dangerous to life or limb, either generally, or in the case of women, children, or any other class of persons, or that the provision for the admission of fresh air is not sufficient, or that the quantity of dust generated or inhaled in any factory, or workshop, is dangerous or injurious to health^ the chief . -, inspector may serve on the occupier of the factory, or workshop a notice in writing either proposing such special rules, or requiring the adoption of such special measures as appear to the chief inspector to be reasonably practicable and to meet the necessities of the case." Now I, the Right Honourable Henry Matthews, one of ^ Her Majesty's.. Principal Secretaries of State, do hereby certify that, in my opinion, such processes carried on in factories and workshops, or parts thereof, as are named in the schedule hereimder, are injurious to health. Whitehall, 9th May, 1892. Henry Matthews. Schedule, Processes in — The manufacture of white lead. "She manufactiire of paints, coJaurs,^ and the extraction of arsenic^ ^Enamdling of iron plates. ■■■■ •■ Certificate, dated December 24, 1892.|| WJxereas by section 8 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1891,t it is enacted that : — "Where the Secretary of State certifies, that ii; his opinion any ;] machinery or process or particular description; of manual .c labour used in a factory or workshop (other than a domestic -<- workshop) is dangerous or injurious to health, or" dangerous * This certifloate was gazetted May 13, 1892. t 54 & 55. Vict. c. 75s.nows. 79 of the Factory and Workshop 'Act, 1901. Sectiaii 8 (1) of the Act of 1891 r«mains in force until a date to be fixed by an Ordeifibf theSscretary of State .which has not yet been issued. - ' ■ ' I Superseded as. far as the manufacture of paints 'and colours is concerned by thelator certificate' of' Itecetnber 1, 1906 («ee p. 52)'i ' §^Saperseded by. later certificate of September 21, 1908) {see p. 54). ll^lSBis oertificate.wa3i'ga?ettediDeoem$er'27,;1892. : : h - • ' Pangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. AT to Mfe or limb, either generally, or in the case of women, children,. or any other class of persons or that the provision for the admission of fresh air is not sufficient, or that the quantity of dust generated or inhaled in any factory, or workshop, is- dangerous or injurious to health, the chief -inspector may serve on the occupier of the factory or workshop a notice in writing either proposing such special rules, or requiring the adoption of such special measures as appear to the chief inspector to be reasonably practicable and to meet the necessities of the case." Now I, the Right Honourable Herbert Henry Asquith, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do, hereby certify that in my opinion such processes carried on in factories and workshops, or parts thereof, as are named in the schedule hereunder, are dangerous or injurious to health. H. H. Asquith. Whitehall, 24th December, 1892. Schedule. Processes in — * The manufacture of earthenware. f The manufacture of explosives, in v:hich di-nitro-benzole is used. ■ Chemical works. f Quarries. Certificate, dated September 11, 1896. 1896. No. 779. . Whereas by. section 8 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1891 ,§ it is enacted that :— "Where the Secretary of State certifies that in his opinion any miachinery or process or particular description of manual labour used in a factory or workshop (other than a domestic workshop) is dangerous, or injurious to health, or dangerous to life or limb, either generally, or in the case of women, children, or any other class of persons, or that the provision for the admission of fresh air is not sufficient, or that the quantity of i dust generated or inhaled in any factory, or workshop, is dangerous or injurious to health, the chief inspector may serve on the occupier of the, factory or worlfshop a notice in writing either' proposing such special rides, or requiring the adoption of such special measures as appear to the chief inspector to be reasonably practicable . ,.j .and to meet the necessities of the case." * Superseded by later certificate of August 25, 1911 [see p. 56). t Superseded by later certificate of August 26, 1907 (see p. 54). § SpeeiaJ—rules for quarries- more-than -20~feefc-deep are made under the Quarries Act, 1894, and not under the Factory Agts. J 54 &; 55,yic.t.,c. 75 ; inow s,.79 of the iFacijaryjandiWorkshop. Aot,;1901. ; 48 Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries :— Certificates. Now I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Batonet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do hereby certify that in my opinioii the process of Bottling Aerated Wateb and the processes InoIdbntai- thereto, including the examining and labelling of the bottles, are dangerous or injurious to healths M. W. Ridley^ Whitehall, 11th September, 1896. Certificate, dated December 1, 1896.* 1896. No. 1039. Whereas by section 8 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, l891,t it is enacted that : — "Where the Secretary. of State certifies that in his opinion any machinery or process or particular description of manual labour used in a factory or workshop (other than a domestic workshop) is dangerous or injurious to health, or dangerous to life or limb, either generally, or in the case of women, children, or any other class of persons, or that the provision for the admission of fresh air is not sufficient, or that the quantity of dust generated or inhaled in any factory, or workshop, is dangerous or injurious to health, the chief inspector may serve on the occupier of the factory or workshop a notice in writing either proposing such special rules, or requiring the iadoption of such special measures as appear to the chief inspector to be reasonably practicable and to meet the necessities of the case." Now I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do hereby certify that in my opinion the process of Vulcanizing India-rubber by means of bisulphide op carbon, and the processes incidental thereto, are dangerous or injurious to health. M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 1st December, 1896. * This certifioate was gazetted December 4, 1896. t 64 & 55 Vict. 0. 76 ; now s. 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries '—Certificates. 49 Cbetificate, dated April 2, 1898.* 1898. No. 278. Whereas by section 8 (1) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1891,t it is enacted that :— " Where the Secretary of State certifies that in his opinion any machinery or process or particular description of manual labour used in a factory or workshop (other than a domestic workshop) is dangerous or injurious to health, or dangerous to life or limb, either generally, or in the case of women, children, or any other class of persons, or that the provision for the admission of fresh air is not sufficient, or that the quantity of dust generated or inhaled in any factory, or ■workshop, is dangerous or injurious to health, the chief inspector may serve on the occupier of the factory or workshop a notice in writing cither proposing such special irules, or requiring the adoption of such special measures ■ as appear to the chief inspector to be reasonably practicable and to meet the necessities of the case." Now I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley^ Baronet> one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, do hereby certify that in my opinion the process of Sorting Foreign Hides and Skins, and dry East Indian Hides and Skins, and the processes incidental thereto, are dangerous or injurious to health. P M. W. Ridley. Whitehall, 2nd April, 1898. Certificate, dated June 6, 1902.$ In pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901 ,§ I hereby certify the manufacture of Felt Hats with the aid of Inflammable Solvent to be dangerous. Chas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 6th June, 1902. * This certificate was gazetted April 5, 1898. t 54 & 55 Vict. c. 75 ; now s. 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. X This certificate was gazetted July 4, 1902. § 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. (b 247— Gp. 15) E 50 Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. . Ceetibtcate, dated September 22, 1902.* I hereby, in pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f certify the process of File-cutting by hand to be dangerous. A. Akers-Bouglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 22nd September, 1902. Certificate, dated September 30, 1902.J In pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,"!' I hereby certify the processes of Loading, Unloading, Moving, and Handling Goods in, ON, or at aSty Dock, Wharf, or Quay, and the processes of Loading, Unloading, and Coaling any Ship in any Dock, Harbour, or Canal, to be dangerous. A. Akers- Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 30fch September, 1902. Certificate dated August 3, 1903.§ In pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,'}- 1 hereby certify the Manufacture op Electric Accumulators- to be dangerous. A. Akers-Bouglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 3rd August, 1903. * This certificate was gazetted October 10, 1902. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 2?. X This certificate was gazetted August 4, 1903. § This certificate was gazetted August 11, 1903. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. 51 Certificate, dated November 7, 1904. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 19.01,* I hereby certify the machinery known as a Self-acting Mule used in the process of spinning in textile factories to he dangerous. A. Akers-Dottglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 7th November, 1904. Certificate, dated May 2, 1905. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act 1901,* I hereby certify the ' Use of locomotives, waggons, and other rolling STOCK ON lines OF RAIL OR SIDINGS in any factory or workshop or any place to which the provisions of- section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* are applied by that Act or on lines of rail or sidings used in connection with any factory or workshop or any place as aforesaid, and not being part of a railway within the meaning of the Eailway Employment (Prevention of Accidents) Act, 1900,f to be dangerous. A. Akers-Doicglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 2nd May, 1905. Certificate, dated May 11, 1905. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the processes of Spinning and weaving flax and tow and the processes incidental thereto to be dangerous. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 11th May, 1905. * 1 Edw. 7. u. 22. ' t 63 & 64 Viot. o. 27. (b 247— Gp. 15) - E 2 62 Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries '.^Certificates. Certificate, dated June 17, 1905. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the processes of Sorting, willeying, washing, combing, and carding wool, goat-hair and camel-hair, and processes incidental thereto to be dangerous. A. Akers-Dcmglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 17th June, 1905. Certificate, dated December 1, 1906. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the ' Manufacture of Paints and Colours to be dangerous. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 1st December, 1906. Certificate, dated January 29, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Processes of spinning and weaving hemp, or jute, or hemp or jute tow, and processes incidental THERETO to be dangerous. Whitehall, 29th January, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. * 1 Edw. 7, u. 22. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. 53 CEBTmCATB, DATED MAY 23, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify Pbocesses involving the use op horsehaie from China, Siberia, ob Eussia to be dangerous. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 23rd May, 1907. Certificate, dated June 1, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Pbocess of heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound to be dangerous, H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 1st June, 1907. Certificate, dated June 6, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Casting of brass or any alloy of copper with zinc to be dangerous. H. J . Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 6th June, 1907. * 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 54 Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. Certificate, dated August 9, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Generation, transformation, distribution, and use of electrical energy in any factory, workshop, Dock, Wharf, Quay, Warehouse, or other place to which the said section is applied by the act to be dangerous. Whitehall, 9th August, 1907, H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Certificat'e, -dated August 26, 1907. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Manufacture of nitro- and amido- derivatives of benzene, and the manufacture op explosives wttn use of dinitrobenzol or diniteotoluol to be dangerous. Whitehall, 26th August, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Certificate, dated September 21, 1908. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Vitreous enamelling of metal or glass to be dangerous. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 21st September, 1908. • I Edw. 7. 0. 22. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. 55 Ceetificate, dated September 25, 1908. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Coating of metal articles with a mixture of lead AND tin or lead ALONE to be dangerous. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 25th September, 1908. Certificate, dated October 14, 1908, In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the processes of Grinding of metals and racing of grindstones to be dangerous. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 14th October, 1908. Certificate, dated October 29, 1910. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Manufacture of patent fuel (briquettes) with addition op pitch to be dangerous. Winston S. Churchill, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 29th October, 1910. * 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 56 Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificate.^. Certificate, dated December 13, 1910. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Smelting op materials containing lead, and the manit- facturb of red or orange lead,- and the manufacture of flaked litharge to be dangerous. W. S. Churchill, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 13th December, 1910. Certificate, dated March 7, 1911. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the process of Applying dry metallic powders to, or dusting them of* from, surfaces previously printed or otherwise prepared in letter press printing, lithographic printing, and coating metal sheets, to be dangerous. W. S. ChurchUl One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 7th March, 1911. Certificate, dated August 25, 1911. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act 1901,* I hereby certify the Manufacture and decoration of pottery (that is to SAY china, earthenware, TILES, OR OTHER ARTICLES MADE FROM CLAY, WITH OR WITHOUT THE ADDITION Olf OTHER material) ; AND THE MAKING OP LITHOGRAPHIC TRANSFERS, FRITS OR GLAZES FOR USE IN THE MANU- FACTURE AND DECORATION OF POTTERY, AND PROCESSES INCIDENTAL THERETO, to be dangerous. W. S. GhurchUl, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 25th August, 1911. * 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Dangerous and Unhealthy Industries : — Certificates. 5T Cbbtiiicate, dated June 27, 1913. In pursuance of Section 79 of the F&,ctory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify The manufacture op chromate and bichromate 01' potassium and sodium to be dangerous. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 27th June, 1913. Certificate, dated August 5, 1913. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify The construction and repair of ships in shipbuilding yards to be dangerous. Whitehall, 5th August, 1913. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principa) Secretaries of State. Certificate, dated April 29, 1914. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901.* I hereby certify The manufacture, manipulation and storage of celluloid, OR articles wholly or partly made of celluloid, to be dangerous. . R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 29th April, 1914. * 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22, 58 Rules for Inquiries as to Draft Regulations. Certificate, dated May 22, 1914. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Casting of iron or steel to be dangerous. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 22nd May, 1914. Certificate, dated March 22, 1918. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby certify the Processes of crushing, grinding, and sieving op refractory materials containing not less than 80 PER CENT. OF silica (Si Og), AND ANY PROCESSES INVOLVING THE MANIPULA- TION OF SUCH MATERIALS IN THE MANUFACTURE OP BRICKS OR OTHER ARTICLES CONTAINING NOT LESS THAN 80 PER CENT. OP SILICA (Si Oj)., to be dangerous. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 22nd March, 1918. (3) Regulations for Dangerous Trades. (a) Rules for Inquiries as to Draft Regulations. rule'^ dated february 5, 1903, for the conduct of inquiries with regard to any draft regulations for dangerous Trades. 1903. No. 84. In pursuance of the powers conferred on me by Section 81 (4) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* I hereby make the following rules for the conduct of inquiries with regard to draft regulations for Dangerous Trades : — (1) The inquiry shall be opened at such time and place as may be fixed by the person appointed by the Secretary of State to hold the inquiry (in these rules referred to as " the Commissioner "), and not less than three weeks' notice of the time and place so fixed shall be sent by post by him or on his behalf to all persons who have sent to the Secretary of State any objection to the draft regulations : Provided that the non-receipt of such notice by any such person shall not invaUdate the proceedings or render necessary an adjournment of the inquiry. * lEdw. Trc. 22. Regulations : — Felt Hats. 59 (2) The Commissioner may adjourn the inquiry from time to time as he sees fit, and may hold adjourned sittings at any place which he thinks necessary for the convenience of persons who objected to the draft regulations. (3) The Commissioner may give such directions as he thinks necessary as to the order in which the draft regulations and the objections thereto shall be considered, and as to the order in which the parties appearing at the inquiry shall be heard. (4) If any person who has not made objections to the draft regulations in accordance with section 80 claims to be heard at the inquiry, the Commissioner may require him to state his objection in writing in the manner provided by section 80 (2). (5) If the objections to any draft regulation made by more than one person appearing at the inquiry appear to the Commissioner to be the same in substance, he may select any person whom he considers representative of the largest number of persons afiected by the draft regulation to state such objections, and to call evidence {if required) in support of such objections. Any other person making the same objections may be heard subsequently by consent of the Commissioner. (6) The Commissioner may stop any statement which appears to him to be irrelevant to the draft regulation or objection under consideration, or to involve imnecessary repetition of arguments already fully stated. (7) Subject to the provisions of section 81, and to the foregoing rules, all the proceedings, shall be conducted in such manner as the Commissioner may direct. A. Akers-Bouglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, 5th February, 1903. (b) Regulations for Particular Trades. *FoR THE Manufacture oe Felt Hats, where any Inflammable Solvent is used. 1902. No. 623. Whereas the manufacture of Felt Hats with the aid of inflammable solvent has been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f to be dangerous : I hereby, in pursuance of the power conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops in which any inflammable solvent is used in the manufacture of Felt Hats : — • 1. Every proofing room and every stove or drying room in which an inflanunable solvent is evaporated shall be thoroughly ventilated to the satisfaction of the Inspector for the district, so as to carry ofi as far as possible the inflammable vapour. * These Regulations were gazetted August 19, 1902, t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 60 Regulations : — File-cutting. 2. The number of wet spirit-proofed hat bodies allowed to be in a proofing room at any one time shall not exceed the proportion of one hat for each 15 cubic feet of air space ; and in no stove, whilst the first drying of any spirit-proofed hats is being carried on, shall the number of hat bodies of any kind exceed a proportion of one hat for each 12 cubic feet of air space. A notice stating the dimensions of each such room or stove in cubic feet and the number of spirit-proofed hats allowed to be therein at any one time shall be kept constantly affixed in a conspicuous position. 3. Spirit-proofed hats shall be opened out singly and exposed for one hour before being placed in the stove. This requirement shall not apply in the case of a stove which contains no fire or artificial light capable of igniting inflammable vapour, and which is so con- structed and arranged as, in the opinion of the Inspector for the district, to present no risk of such ignition from external fire or light. 4. The above rules, in so far as they affect drying stoves, shall not apply to the process of drying hat bodies where the solvent is recovered in a closed oven or chamber fitted with safe and suitable apparatus for the condensation of the solvent. 5. No person shall smoke in any room or place in which inflammable solvent is exposed to the air. These regulations shall come into force on the 1st day of October, 1902. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, I2th August, 1902. *F0E THE PbOCESS 01" FlLE-CUTTING BY HaND. 1903. No. 507. Whereas the process of file-cutting by hand has been certified in pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous : I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops (including tenement factories and tenement workshops) or parts thereof in which the process of file-cutting by hand is carried on : Provided that the Chief Inspector of Factories may by certificate in writing exempt from all or any of these Regulations any factory or workshop in which he is satisfied that the beds used are of such composition as not to entail danger to the health of the persons employed. * These Regulations were gazetted June 23, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Regulations ; — File-cutting. 61 1. The number of stocks in any room shall not be more than one stock for every 350 cubic feet of air space in the room ; and in calculating air space for the purpose of this Regulation any space more than 10 feet above the floor of the room shall not be reckoned, 2. After the 1st day of January, 1904, the distance between the stocks measured from the centre of one stock to the centre of the next shall not be less than 2 feet 6 inches, and after the 1st day of January, 1905, the said distance shall not be less than 3 feet. 3. Every room shall have a substantial floor, the whole of which shall be covered with a washable material, save that it shall be optional to leave a space not exceeding 6 inches in width round the base of each stock. The floor of every room shall be kept in good repair. 4. B£B.cient inlet and outlet ventilators shall be provided in every room. The inlet ventilators shall be so arranged and placed as not to c'ause a direct draught of incoming air to fall on the workmen employed at the stocks. The ventilators shall be kept in good repair and in working order. 5. No person shall interfere with or impede the working of the ventilators. 6. Sufficient and suitable washing conveniences shall be provided and maintained for the use of the file-cutters. The washing con- veniences shall be under cover and shall comprise at least one fixed basin for every ten or less stocks. Every basin shall be fitted with a waste pipe discharging over a drain or into some receptacle of a capacity at least equal to one gallon for every file-cutter using the basin. Water shall be laid on to every basin either from the main or from a tank of a capacity of not less than 1| gallons to every worker supplied from such tank. A supply of clean water shall be kept in the said tank while work is going on, at least sufficient to enable every worker supplied from such tank to wash. 7. The walls and ceiling of every room, except such parts as are painted or varnished or made of glazed brick, shall be limewashed once in every six months ending the 30th of June and once in every six months endiag the 31st of December. 8. The floor and such parts of the walls and ceiling as are not limewashed and the benches shall be cleansed once a week. 9. If the factory or workshop is situated in a dwelling-house the work of file-cutting shall not be carried on in any room which is used as a sleeping place or for cooking or eating meals. 10. Every file-cutter shall when at work wear a long apron reaching from the shoulders and neck to below the knees. The apron shall be kept in a cleanly state. -11. A copy of these Regulations and an Abstract of the provisions of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* shall be kept affixed in the factory or workshop in a conspicuous place. • 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 62 Regulations : — Electric Accumulators. 12. It shall be the duty of the occupier to carry out Regulations 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 11 ; except that, in any -room in a tenement factory or tenement workshop which is let to more than one occupier, it shall be the duty of the owner to carry out these Regulations, except the last clause of Regulation 6, which shall be carried out' by the occupiers. It shall be the duty of the occupier or occupiers to carry out Regulation 8. It shall be the duty of the occupier or occupiers and' of every workman to observe Regulations 5, 9, and 10. These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st day of September, 1903. > " A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 19th June, 1903. *FoE THE Manufacture of Electric Accumulators. 1903. No. 1004. . _, Whereas the manufacture of electric accumulators has been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous ; I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on, me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops or parts thereof in which electric accumulators are manufactured. fin these Regulations " lead process " means pasting, casting, lead burning, or any work involving contact with dry compounds of lead. Any approval given by the Chief Inspector of Factories in pursuance of these Regulations shall be given in -writing, and may at any time be revoked by notice in writing signed by him. Duties of Occupier. 1. Every room in which casting, pasting or lead burning is carried on shall contain at least 500 cubic feet of air space for each person employed therein, and in computing this air space, no height above 14 feet shall be taken into account. These rooms and that in which the plates are formed, shall be capable of through ventilation. They shall be provided with windows m ade to open. "■ These Regulations were gazetted November 24, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. X The term " lead process " to which a defined meaning is given is printed throughout in italics. Regulations : — Electric Accumulators.' 63 2. Each of the following processes shall be carried on in such manner and under such conditions as to secure effectual separation from one another and from any other process : — (a) Manipulation of dry compounds of lead ; (b) Pasting; (c) Formation, and lead.burning necessarily carried on therewith ; (d) Melting down of .old plates. Provided that manipulation of dry compounds of lead carried on as in Regulation 5 (b) need not be separated from pasting. 3. The floors of the rooms in which manipulation of dry compounds of lead or pasting is carried on shall be of cement or similar impervious material, and shall be kept constantly moist while work is being done. The floors of these rooms shall be washed with a hose pipe daily. 4. Every melting pot shall be covered with a hood and shaft so arranged as to remove the fumes and hot air from the workrooms. Lead ashes and old plates shall be kept in receptacles specially provided for the purpose. 5. Manipulation^ of dry compounds of lead in the mixing of the paste or other processes, shall not be done except (a) in an apparatus so closed, or so arranged with an exhaust draught, as to prevent the escape of dust into the work room ; or (b) at a bench provided with (1) efficient exhaust draught and air guide so arranged as ,to draw the dust away from the worker, and (2) a grating on which each receptacle of the compoimd of lead in use at the time shall stand. 6. The benches at which pasting is done shall be covered with sheet lead or other impervious material, and shall have raised edges. 7. No woman, young person, or child shall be employed in the manipulation of dry compounds of lead or in pasting. 8. (a) A duly qualified medical practitioner (in these Regulations referred to as the " Appointed Surgeon ") who may be the Certifying Surgeon, shall be appointed by the occupier, such appointment unless held by the Certifying Surgeon to be subject to the approval of the Chief Inspector of Factories. (b) Every person employed in a lead process shall be examined once a month by the Appointed Surgeon, who shall have power to suspend from employment in any lead process. (c) No person after such suspension shall be employed in a lead process without written sanction entered in the Health Register by the Appointed Surgeon. It shall be sufficient compliance with this Regidation for a written certificate to be given by the Appointed Surgeon and attached to the Health Register, such certificate to be replaced by a proper entry in the Health Register at the Appointed Surgeon's next visit. (d) A Health Register in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories shall be kept, and shall contain a list of all persons employed in lead processes. The Appointed Surgeon will enter in the Jlealth Register the dates and results of his examinations of the persons employed and particulars of any directions given by him €4 Eegulations : — Electric Accumulators. He shall on a prescribed form furnish to the Chief Inspector of J'actories on the 1st day of January in each year a list of the persons suspended by him during the previous year, the cause and duration of such suspension, and the number of examinations made. The Health Eegister shall be produced at any time when required by H.M. Inspectors of Factories or by the Certifying Surgeon or by the Appointed Surgeon. 9. Overalls shall be provided for all persons employed in manipulating dry compounds of lead or in pasting. The overalls shall be washed or renewed once every week. 10. The occupier shall provide and ma-intain : — (a) a cloakroom in which workers can deposit clothing put off during working hours. Separate and suitable arrangements shall be made for the storage of the overalls required in Regulation 9. [h) a dining room unless the factory is closed during meal hours. 11. No person shall be allowed to introduce, keep, prepare or partake of any food, drink, or tobacco, in any rooi]^ in which a lead ^process is carried on. Suitable provisions shall be made for the deposit of food brought by the workers. This Regulation shall not apply to any sanitary drink provided by the occupier and approved by the Appointed Surgeon. 12. The occupier shall pro^^de and. maintain for the use of the persons employed in lead processes a lavatory, with soap, nail brushes, towels, and at least one lavatory basin for every five such persons. Each such basin shall be provided with a waste pipe, or the basins shall be placed on a trough fitted with a waste pipe. There shall be a constant supply of hot and cold water laid on to each basin. Or, in the place of basins the occupier shall provide and maintain troughs of enamel or similar smooth impervious material, in good lepair, of a total length of two feet for every five persons employed, fitted with waste pipe's, and without plugs, with a sufficient supply of warm water constantly available. The lavatory shall be kept thoroughly cleansed and shall be supplied ■with a, sufficient quantity of clean towels once every day. 13. BefoKe each meal and before the end of the day's work, at least ten minutes, in addition to the regular meal times, shall be allowed for washing to each person who has been employed in the manipulation of dry compoimds of lead or in pasting. Provided that if the lavatory accommodation specially reserved •for such persons exceeds that required by Regulation 12, the time allowance may be proportionately reduced, and that if there be one basin or two feet of trough for each such person this Regulation shall not apply. 14. Sufficient bath accommodation shall be provided for all persons engaged in the manipulation of dry compounds of lead or in pasting, ■with hot and cold water laid on, and a sufficient supply of soap and towels. Eegulations : — Electric Accumulators. 65 This rule shall not apply if in consideration of the special circum- stances of any particular case, the Chief Inspector of Factories approves the use of local public baths when conveniently near, tmder the conditions (if any) named in such approval. 15. The floors and benches of each workroom shall be thoroughly cleansed daily, at a time when no other work is being carried on in the room. Duties of Persons Employed. 16. All persons employed in lead processes shall present them^ selves at the appointed times for examination by the Appointed Surgeon as provided in Regulation 8. No persons after; suspension shall work in a lead process, in any factory or workshop in which electric accumidators are manufactured, without written sanction entered in the Health Register by the Appointed Surgeon. 17. Every person employed in the manipulation of dry compounds of lead or in pasting shall wear the overalls provided under Regula- tion 9. The overalls, when not being worn, and clothing put ofE during working hours, shall be deposited in the places provided imder Regulation 10. 18. No person shall introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink (other than any sanitary drink provided by the occupier and approved by the Appointed Surgeon), or tobacco, in any room in which a lead process is carried on. 19. No person employed in a lead process shall leave the premises or partake of meals without previously and carefully cleaning and washing the hands. 20. Every person employed in the manipulation of dry compounds of lead or in pasting shall take a bath at least once a week. 21. No person shall in any way interfere, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for the removal of the dust or fumes, and for the carrying out of these Eegulations. These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st day of January, 1904. A. Akers-Doughs, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 21st November, 1903. (b247— Gp. 15) 66 Regulations : — Docks, etc. *FoB THE PROCESSES OF LOADING, UNLOADING, MOVING AND HANDLING GOODS IN, ON, OR AT AJSJ DoCK, WhARF, OR QuAY, AND THE PROCESSES OP LOADING, UNLOADING OR COALING ANY SHIP IN ANY Dock, Harbour, or Canal. 1904. No. 1617. Whereas tke processes of loading, unloading, moving and handling goods in, on, or at any dock, wharf, or quay, and the processes of loading, unloading and coaHng any ship in any dock, harbour, or canal have been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f to be dangerous :^ I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations for the protection of persons employed in the processes or in any of them, and direct that they shall apply to all docks, wharves, quays, and ships as aforesaid. These Regulations shall come into force. on the 1st of January, 1905, except that so much of Regulations 6 and 8 as require structural alterations shall come into force on the 1st of January, 1908. Nothing ia Parts 2 to 6 inclusive of these Regulations shaU apply to the imloading of fish from a vessel employed in the catching of fish. The Secretary of State may by OrderJ in writing exempt from all or any of the Regulations, and for such time and subject to such conditions as he may prescribe, any docks, wharves or quays in respect of which application for such exemption shall have been made to him by the Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction for Ireland or by the Congested Districts Board for Ireland. Definitions.^ In these Regulations : — " Processes " means the processes above mentioned ; or. any of them. " Person employed " means a person employed in the- above processes or any of them. " Shallow canal " includes any of the following parts 6f a cainal, canahsed river, non-tidal river, or inland navigation :■ — {a) Any part having no means of access to tidal waters except through a lock not exceeding ninety feet in length ; (6) Any part not in frequent use for the processes ; and (c) Any part' at which the depth of water within fifteen feet of the edge does not ordinarily exceed five feet. * These Kegulations were gazetted October 28, 1904. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. ■•- ■ j Orders have been made dated May 4, 1905, February 20, 1908, November 10, 1908 (as modified by an Order dated May 28, 1909), October 10, 1909, and 9th November, 1915, and are now in force, exempting certain minor Irish harbours. § Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. Regulations : — ^Docks, etc. 67 Duties. It shall be the duty of the person having the general management and control of a dock, wharf, or quay, to comply with Part I. of these Regulations ; provided that if any other person has the exclusive right to occupation of any part of the dock, wharf, or quay, and has the general management and control of such part the duty in respect of that part shall devolve upon that other person ; and further provided that this part of these Regulations shall not apply to any shallow canal. It shall be the duty of the owner, master or officer in charge of a ship to comply with Part II. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of the owner of machinery or plant used in the processes, and in the case of machinery or plant carried on board a ship not being a ship registered in the United Kingdom it shall also be the duty of the master of such ship, to comply with Part III. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of every person who by himself, his agents, or workmen carries on the processes, and of all agents, workmen, and persons employed by him in the processes, to comply with Part IV. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons, whether owners, occupiers, or persons employed, to comply with Part V. of these Regulations. Part VI. of these Regulations shall be complied with by the persons on whom the duty is placed in that Part. Part I. 1. The following parts of every dock, wharf, or quay shall, as far as is practicable having regard to the traffic and working, he securely fenced so that the height of the fence shall be in no place less than two feet six inches, and the fencing shall be maintained in good condition ready for use. (a) All breaks, dangerous comers, and other dangerous parts or edges of a dock, wharf, or quay. (6) Both sides of such footways over bridges, caissons, and dock gates as are in general use by persons employed, and each side of the entrance at each end of such footway for a sufficient distance not exceeding five yards. 2. Provision for the rescue from drowning of persons employed shall be made and maintained, and shall include : — (a) A supply of life-saving appUances, kept in readiness on the wharf or quay, which shall be reasonably adequate having regard to all the circumstances. (6) Means at or near the surface of the water at reasonable intervals, for enabling a person immersed to support himself or escape from the water, which shall be reasonably adequate having regard to all the circumstances. (B247— Gp. 15) . J, 2 68 Regulations : — ^Docks, etc. 3. All places in which persons employed are employed at night, and any dangerous parts of the regular road or way over a dock, wharf, or quay, forming the approach to any such place from the nearest highway, shall be efficiently lighted. Provided that the towing path of a canal or canalised river shall not be deemed to be " an approach," for the purpose of this Regulation. Part II. 4. If a ship is lying at a wharf or quay for the purpose of loading or unloading or coaling there shall be means of access for the use of persons employed at such times as they have to pass from the ship to the shore or from the shore to the ship as follows : — . (a) Where a gangway is reasonably practicable a gangway not less than 22 inches wide, properly secured, and fenced ^ throughout on each side to a clear height of two feet nine inches by means of upper and lower rails, taut ropes or chains, or by other equally safe means. /{h) In other cases a secure ladder of adequate length. Provided that nothing in this Regulation shall be held to apply to cargo stages or cargo gangways, if other proper means of access is provided in confomiity with these Regulations. Provided that as regards any sailing vessel not exceeding 250 tons nett registered tonnage and any steam vessel not exceeding 150 tons gross registered tonnage this Regulation shall not apply if and while the conditions are such that it is possible without undue risk to pass to and from the ship without the aid of any special appliances. 5. If a ship is alongside any other ship, vessel, or boat, and persons em'ployed have to pass from one to the other, safe means of access shall be provided for their use, imless the conditions are such that it is possible to pass from one to the other without undue risk without the aid of any special appliance. If one of such ships, vessels, or boats is a sailing barge, flat keel, lighter or other similar vessel of relatively low freeboard, the means of access shall be provided by the ship which has the higher freeboard. 6. If the depth from the top of the coamings to the bottom of the hold exceeds six feet there shall be maintained safe means of access by ladder or steps from the deck to the hold in which work is being carried on, with secure hand-hold and foot-hold continued to the top of the coamings. In particular such access shall not be deemed to be safe : — (a) Unless the ladders between the lower decks are in the same line as the ladder from the main deck, if the same is practicable having regard to the position of the lower hatchway or hatchways. Regulations : — ^Docks, etc. 69 (6) Unless the cargo is stowed sufficiently far from the ladder to leave at each rung of the ladder sufficient room for a man's feet. (c) If there is not room to pass between a winch and the coamings at the place where the ladder leaves the deck. (d) If the ladder is recessed under the deck more than is reason- ably necessary to keep the ladder clear of the hatchway. 7. When the processes are being carried on between one hour after sunset and one hour before sunrise (a) the places in the hold and on the decks where work is being carried on, and (&) the means of access proAnded in pursuance of Regulations 4 and 5, shall be efficiently lighted, due regard being had to the safety of the ship and cargo, of all persons employed and of the navigation of other vessels and to the duly approved Bye-laws or Regulations of any authority having power by statute to make Bye-laws or Regulations subject to approval by some other authority. 8. All iron fore and aft beams and thwart ship beams used for hatchway covering shall have suitable gear for lifting them on and off without it being necessary for any person to go upon them to adjust such gear. Part III. 9. All machinery and chains and other gear used in hoisting or lowering in connection with the processes shall have been tested, and shall be periodically examined. All such chains shaU be effectually softened by annealing or firing when necessary, and all half-inch or smaller chains in general use shall be so annealed or fired once in every six months. If the chains are part of the outfit carried by a seagoing ship it shall be a sufficient compliance with this Regulation as regards softening by annealing or fixing of half-in6h or smaller chains, that no such chains shall be used unless they have been so annealed or fired within six months preceding. As regards chains, the safe-loads indicated by the test, the date of last annealing and any other particulars prescribed by the Secretary of State, shall be entered in a register which shall be kept on the premises, unless some other place has been approved in writing by the Chief Inspector. 10. All motors, cog-wheels, chain and friction-gearing, shafting and live electric condixctors used in the processes shall (unless it can be shown that by their position and construction they are equally safe to every person envployed as they would be if securely fenced) be securely fenced so far as is practicable without impeding the safe working of the ship and without infringing any requirement of the Board of Trade. . ^ _j 70 Regulations :^Dock&; etc. 11. The lever controlling the link motion reveTsirig gear bJ k crane or winch used in the processes shall be provided with a suitable spring or other locking arrangement. r2. Every Shore crane used in the processes shall have the safe- load plainly marked upon it, and if so constructed that the jib may be raised or lowered, either shall have attached to it an automatic indicator 6i safe-loads or shall have marked upon it a table showing the safe-loads at the corresponding inchnatibnS "of the jib. 13. The driver's platform on every crane or tip driven by mechanical power and used in the processes shall be securely fenced, and shall be provided with safe means of access. 14. Adequate measures shall be taken to prevent exhaust steam from any crane or winch obscuring any part of the decks, gangways, -stages, wharf, or quay, where any person is employed. Part IV. 15. No machinery or gear used in the processes, other than a '<;rane, shall be loaded beyond the safe-rldad;. nor a crane, unless ^secured with the written permission of the owner by plates or chains ■or otherwise. •' ' No load shall be left suspended from a crane, winch, or other machine unless there is a competent person actually in charge of the machine while the load is so left. . ■ 16. A boy under 16 shall not be employed as driver of a crane or winch, or to give signals to a driver, or to attend to cargo falls on winch-ends or winch-bodies. ' 17. Wliere in connection with the processes goods are placed on a "Wharf or quay other than a wharf or quay on a shallow caned : — (a) A clear passage leading to the means of access to the ship required by Regulation 4 shall be maintained on the wharf qr quay ; and (6) If any space is left along the edge of the wharf or quay, it shall be at least three feet wide and clear of all obstructions other than fixed structures, plant and appliances in use. 18. No deck-stage or cargo-stage shall be used in the processes imless it is substantially and firmly constructed, and adequately supported, and, where necessary, securely fastened. No truck shall be used for carrjong cargo between ship and shore on a stage so steep as to be unsafe. Any stage which is slippery shall be made* safe by the use of sand or otherwise. 19. Where there is more than one hatchway, if the hatchway 6f a hold exceeding seven feet six inches in depth, measured from tht top of the coamings to the bottoin of the hold is not in use and the cbamings are less than two feet six inches in height, it shall either be fenced to a height of three feet, or be securely covered.' Regulations : — Docks, etc. 71 Provided that this Regulation shall not apply during mealtimes or other temporary interruptions of work during the period of employment. And provided that until the 1st of January, 1908, the fencing may be the best the circumstances will allow without making structural alteration. Hatch coverings shall not be used in connection with the processes in the construction of deck or cargo stages, or for any other purpose which may expose them to damage. 20. No cargo shall be loaded by a fall or sling at any intermediate deck unless a secure landing-platform has ' been placed across the hatchway at that deck. Part V. 21. No person shall, unless duly authorised, or in case of necessity, remove or interfere with any fencing, gangway, gear, ladder, life- saving means or appliances, lights, marks, Sitages, or other things whatsoever, required by these Regulations to be provided. 22. The fencing required by Regulation 1 shall not be removed except' to the extent and for the period reasonably necessary for carrying on the work of the dock or ship, or for repairing any fencing. If removed it shall be restored forthwith at the end of that period by the persons engaged in the work that necessitated its removal. Part VI. 23. No employer of persons in the processes shall allow machinery or gear to be used by such persons in the processes that does not comply with Part III. of these Regulations. 24. If the persons whose duty it is to comply with Regulations 4, 5, and 7 fail so to do, then it shall also be the duty of the employers of the persons employed for whose use the means of access and the lights are required to comply with the said Regulations within the shortest time reasonably practicable after such failure. 25. The certificate of the ship's register and any other certificate or register referred to in these Regulations shall be produced by the person in charge thereof on the application of any of H.M. Inspectors of Factories. A. Akers-Doujlas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. , Home Office, Whitehall, ' 24th October, 1904, 72 Regulations : — Self-acting Mules. *FoR THE Process of Spinning by Self-acting Mules. 1905. No. 1103. Whereas certain mactinery used in the process of spinning ia textile factories, and known as self-acting mules, has been certified, in pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous to life and limb ; I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories or parts thereof in which the process of spinning by means of self-acting mules is carried on. 1 . In these Regulations the term " Minder "% means the person in charge of a self-acting mule for the time being. 2. Save as hereinafter provided it shall be the duty of the occupier of a factory to observe Part I. of these Regulations : provided that it shall be the duty of the owner (whether or not he is one of the occupiers) of a tenement factory to observe Part I. of these Regula- tions, except sp far as relates tp such parts of the machinery as are supplied by the occupier. It shall be the duty of the persons employed to observe Part IL of these Regulations, but it shall be the duty of the occupier, for the purpose of enforcing their observance, to keep a copy of the Regula- tions in legible characters aflSxed in every mule room, in a conspicuous position where they may be conveniently read. Part I. Duties of Occupiers. 3. After January 1st, 1906, the following parts of every self-acting mule shall be securely fenced as far as is reasonably practicable, unless it can be shown that by their position or construction they are equally safe to every person employed as they would be if securely fenced. (a) Back shaft scrolls and carrier pulleys and draw band pulleys. (b) Front and back carriage wheels. (c) Faller stops. (eZ) Quadrant pinions. (e) Back of head-stocks, including rim-pulleys and taking-in scrolls. (/) Rim t and tightening pulleys, other than plate wheels, con- nected with a self-acting mule erected after January 1st, 1906. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. i. It shall be the duty of the minder of every self-acting mule to take all reasonable care to ensure : — {a) That no child cleans any part or under any part thereof whilst the mule is in motion by the aid of mechanical power. * These Regulations were gazetted October 20, 1905. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. j The term "minder" to which a defined meaning is given is printed throughout in italics. Regulations : — Wool-sorting, etc. 75 (6) That no woman, young person, or child works between the fixed and traversing parts thereof whilst the mule is in motion by the aid of mechanical power, (c) That no person is in the space between the fixed and traversing parts thereof unless the mule is stopped on the outward run. 5. No self-acting mule shall be started or re-started except by the minder or at his express order, nor until he has ascertained that no person is in the space between the fixed and traversing parta thereof. A. Akers-Douglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 17th October, 1905. *FoE THE Pkocesses oe Sorting, Willeying, Washing, Combing, AND Carding Wool, Goat Hair, and Camel Hair, an» Processes incidental thereto. 1905. No. 1293. Whereas the processes of sorting, willeying, washing, and combing and carding wool, goat-hair, and camel-hair and processes incidental thereto have been certified, in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,"j" to be dangerous ; I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops in which the said processes are carried on, and in which the materials named in the Schedules are used. It^hall be the duty of the occupier to comply with Regulations 1 to 16. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to comply with Regulations 17 to 23. These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st of January, 1906, except that Regulations 2 and 8 shall not come into force until the 1st of April, 1906. Definition. For the purpose of Regulations 2, 3 and 18, opening of wool or hair means the opening of the fleece, including the untying; or cutting of the knots, or, if the material is not in the fleece, the opening out for looking over or classing purposes. Duties of Occupiers. 1. No bale of wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be opened for the purpose of being sorted or manufactured, except by rhen skilled in judging the condition of the material. * These Regulations were gazetted December 19, 1905. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 74 Regulations :— Wool-sorting, etc. No bale of wool or hair of the kinds named in Schedule A shall be opened except after thorough steeping in water. 2. No wool or hair of the kinds named in Schedule B shall be opened* except (a) after steeping in water, or (6) over an efficient opening screen, with mechanical exhaust draught, in a room set apart for the purpose, in which no other work than opening is carried on. For the purpose of this Regulation, no opening screen shall be deemed to be efficient imless it complies with the following conditions : — (a) The area of the Ecreen shall, in the case of existing screens, be not less than 11 square feet, and in the case of screens hereafter erected be not less than 12 square feet, nor shall its length or breadth be less than 3^ feet. (h) At no point of the screen within 18 inches from the centre shall the velocity of the exhaust draught be le^s than 100 linear feet per minute. 3. All damaged wool or hair or fallen fleeces or skin, wool or haii, if of the kinds named in the Schedules, shall, when opened,* be damped with a disinfectant and washed without being willowed. 4. No wool or hair of the kinds named in Schedules B or C shall be sorted except ove' an efficient sorting board, with mechanical exhaust draught, and in a room set apart for the purpose, in. which no work is carried on other than sorting and the packing of the wool or hair sorted therein. No wool or hair of the kinds numbered (1) and (2) in Schedule A shall be sorted except in the damp state and after being washed. No damaged wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be sorted except after being washed. For the purpose of this Regulation, no sorting board shall be deemed to be efficient unless it complies with the following conditions : — The sorting board shall .comprise a screen of open wirework, and beneath it at all parts a clear space not less than 3 inches in depth. Below the centre of the screen there shall be a funnel, measuring not less than 10 inches across the top, leading to an extraction shaft, and the arrangements shall be such that all dust falling through the screen and not carried away by the exhaust can be swept directly into the funnel. The draught shall be maintained in constant efficiency, whilst the sorters are at work, and shall be such that not less than 75 cubic feet of air per minute are drawn by the fan from beneath each sorting board. 5. No wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be willowed except in an efficient willowing machine, in a room set apart for the purpose, in which no work, other than willowing is carried on. For the purpose of this Regulation, no wiUowing machine shall be deemed to be efficient unless it is provided with mechanical exhaust • See definition of " opening," p. 73. Regulations : — Wool-sorting, etc. 75 draught so arranged as to draw thfe dust away from the workmen and prevent it from entering the air of the room. 6. No bale of wool or hair shall be stored in a sorting room ; nor any wool or hair except in a space efEectually screened off from the sorting room. No wool or hair shall be stored in a willowing room. 7. In each sorting room, and exclusive of any portion screened off, there shall be allowed an air space of at least 1,000 cubic feet for each person employed therein. 8. In each room in which sorting, wiUowing, or combing is carried on, suitable inlets from the open air, or other suitable source, shall be provided and arranged in such a way that no person employed shall be exposed to a direct draught from any air inlet or to any draught at a temperature of less than 50° F. ,The temperature of the room shall not, during working hours, fall below 50° F. 9. All bags in which wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules has been imported shall be picked clean, and not brushed. 10. All pieces of skin, scab, and clippings or shearlings shall be removed daily from . the sorting room, and shall be disinfected or destroyed. 11. The dust carried by the exhaust draught from opening screens, sorting boards, willowing or other dust extracting machines and shafts shall be discharged into properly constructed receptacles, -and not into the open air. Each extracting shaft and the space beneath the- sorting boards and opening screens shall be cleaned out at least once in every week. The dust collected as above, together with the sweepings from the opening, sorting, and willowing rooms, shall be removed at least twice a week and burned. The occupier shall provide and . maintain suitable overalls and respirators, to be worn by the persons engaged in collecting and removing the dust. Such overalls shall not be taken out of the works or warehouse, either for washing, repairs, or any other purpose, unless they have been steeped over-night in boiling water or a disinfectant. 12. The floor of every room in which opening, sorting, or willowing is carried on shall be thoroughly sprinkled daily with a disinfectant solution after work has ceased for the day, and shall be swept immediately after sprinkling. -, 13. The Walls and ceilings of every room in which opening, sorting, or willowing is carried on shall be limewashed at least once a year, and cleansed at least once within every six months, to date from the time when they were last cleansed. 14. The following requirements shall apply to every room in which unwashed wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules after being opened for sorting, manufacttiring, or washing purposes is bandied or stored : — (a) Sufficient and suitable washing accommodation shall be provided outside the rooms and maintained for the use of 76 Regulations : — Wool-sorting, etc. all persons employed in such rooms. The washing con- veniences shall comprise soap, nair Brushes, towels, and at least one basin for every five persons employed as above, each basin being fitted with a waste pipe and having a constant supply of water laid on. (h) Suitable places shall be provided outside the rooms in which persons employed in such rooms can deposit food and clothing put off during working hours, (c) No person shall be allowed to prepare or partake of food in any such room. Suitable and sufficient meal room accommodation shall be provided for workers employed in such rooms. {d) No person having any open cut or sore shall be employed in any such room. The requirements in paragraph (c) shall apply also to eveiy room in which any wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules is carded or stored. 15. Requisites for treating scratches and slight woimds shall be kept at hand. 16. The occupier shall allow any of H.M. Inspectors of Factories to take at any time, for the purpose of examination, sufficient samples of any wool or hair used on the premises. Duties of Persons Employed. 17. No bale of wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be opened otherwise than as permitted by paragraph 1 of Regulation 1, and no bale of wool or hair of the kinds named in Schedule A shall be opened except after thorough steepiag in water. If on opening a bale any damaged wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules is discovered, the person opening the bale shall immediately report the discovery to the foreman. 18. No wool or hair of the kinds named in Schedule B shall be opened* otherwise than as permitted by Regulation 2. 19. No wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be sorted otherwise than as permitted by Regulation 4. 20. No wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules shall be willowed except as permitted by Regulation 5. 21. Every person employed- in a room in which unwashed wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules is stored or handled shall observe the following requirements :— (a) He shall wash his hands before partaking of food, or leaving the premises. (6) He shall not deposit in any such room any article of clothing put off during working hours. He shall wear suitable overalls while at work, and shall remove them before partaking of food or leaving the premises, (c) If he has any open cut or sore, he shall report the fact at once to the foreman, and shall not work in such a room. * See definition of "opening," p. 73. Regulations : — Wool-sorting, etc. 77 No person employed in any such room or in any room in which wool or hair of the kinds named in the Schedules is either carded or stored shall prepare or partake of any food therein, or bring any food therein. 22. Persons engaged in collecting or removing dust shall wear the overalls as required by Regulation 11. Such overalls shall not be taken out of the works or warehouse, either for washing, repairs, or any other purpose, unless they have been steeped over-night in boiling water or a disinfectant. 23. If any fan, or any other appliance for the carrying out of these Regulations is out of order, any workman becoming aware of the defect shall immediately report the fact to the foreman. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 12th December, 1905. Schedule A. (Wool or hair required to be steeped in the bale before being opened.) 1. Van Mohair. 2. Persian Locks. 3. Persian or so-called Persian (including Karadi and Bagdad) if not subjected to the process of sorting or willowing. Schedule B. (Wool or hair required to be opened either after steeping or over an effioient opening screen.) Alpaca. Pelitan. Bast Indian Cashmere. Russian Camel Hair. Pekin Camel Hair. Persian or so-called Persian (including Karadi and Bagdad) if subjected to the process of sorting or willowing. Schedule C. (Wool or hair not needing to be opened over an openin;; screen but required to be sorted over a board provided with downward draught.) All Mohair other than Van Mohair. Note. The danger against which these Regulations are directed is that of anthrax — a fatal disease affecting certain animals, which may be conveyed from them to man by the handling of wools or hairs from animals which have died of the disease. The germs of the disease (anthrax spores) are found in the dust attaching to the wool, or in the excrement, and in the substance of the pieces of skin, and may remain active for years. In this country and Australia anthrax is rare, consequently there is little danger in handling wools from the sheep of these two countries ; but in China, Persia, Turkey, Russia, the East Indies, and 78 Regulations : — Flax and Tow. in many other parts of the world, the disease is common, and infected fleeces or looks (which may not difEer from others in appearance) are often shipped to Great Britain. Hence, in handUng foreign dry wools and hair, the above Regulations should be carefully observed. Greasy wools are comparatively free from dust, and therefore Uttle risk is incurred in handling them. Ihe disease is communicated to man sometimes by breathing or swallowing the dust from these wools or hair, and sometimes by the poison lodging in some point where the skin is broken, such as a fresh scratch or cut, or a scratched pimple, or even chapped hands. This happensmore readily on the uncovered parts of the body, the hand, arm, face, and most frequently of all, on the neck, owing either to infected wool rubbing against the bare skin, or to dust from such wool alighting on the raw surface. But a raw surface covered by clothing is not free from risk, for dust lodging upon the clothes may sooner or later work its way to the skin beneath. Infection may also be brought about by rubbing or scratching a pimple with hand or nail carrying the anthrax poison. Use of the nailbrush, and frequent washing and bathing of the whole body, especially of the arms, neck and head, will lessen the chance of contracting anthrax. The first symptom of anthrax is usually a small inflamed swelling like a pimple or boil — often quite painless — which extends, and in a few days becomes Hack at the centre, and surrounded by other " pimples." The poison is now Uable to be absorbed into the system, and will cause risk of life, which can le avoided only by prompt and elfeotive medical treatment in the early stage, while the poison is still confined to the pimple. Hence, it is of the utmost importance that a doctor should be at once consulted if there is any suspicion of infection. *FoR THE Processes of Spinning and "Weaving Flax and Tow AND THE Processes incidental thereto. 1906. No. 177. Whereas the processes of spinning and weaving flax and tow and the processes incidental thereto have been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous : — I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories in which the processes named above are carried on, and to all workshops in which the processes of roughing, sorting, or hand-hackling of flax or tow are carried on. These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st day of February, 1907. Provided that in the case of all rooms in which roughing or hand-hackling is now carried on, and in which there is respectively (a) no system of local mechanical exhaust ventilation, or (6) no artificial means of regulating the temperature, Regulations 2 and 3 respectively shall not come into force until the 1st day of February, 1908. XBefinitions. In these Regulations — " Degrees " means degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. " Roughing, sorting, hand-hackling, machine-hackling, carding, and preparing " mean those processes in the manufacture of flax or tow. * These Regulations were gazettefl March 6, 1906. + 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. + Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed thioughout in italic. Regulations : — Flax and Tow. , 79 It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of these Regulations. Part I. Duties of Occupiers. 1. In every room in which persons are employed the arrangements, shall be such that during working hours the proportion of carbonic acid in the air of the room shall not exceed 20 volumes per 10,000 volumes of air at any time when gas or oil is used for lighting (or within one hour thereafter) or 12 volmnes per 10,000 when electric light is used (or within one hour thereafter) or 9 volumes per 10,000 at' any other time. ' Provided that it shall be a sufficient compliance with this Regulation if the proportion of carbonic acid in the air of the room does not exceed that of the open air outside by more than 5 volumes per 10,000 volumes of air. 2. In every room in which roughing, sorting, or hand-hacMinq is carried on, and in every room in which macJiine-hacJcUng, carding, or preparvng is carried on, and in which dust is generated and inhaled to an extent likely to cause injury to the health of the workers, efficient exhaust and inlet ventilation shall be provided to secure that the dust is drawn away from the workers at, or as near as reasonably possible to, the point at which it is generated. For the purposes of this Regulation, the exhaust ventilation in the case of hand-hacMing, roughing, or sorting shall not be deemed to be efficient if the exhaust opening at the back of the hackling pins measures less than 4 inches across in any direction, or has a sectional area of less than 50 square inches, or if the linear velocity of the draught passing through it is less than 400 feet jjer minute at any point within a sectional area of 50 square inches. ,3. In every room in which ha/ndrhaclding, roughing, sorting, machine-hacMing, carding, or preparing is carried on, an accurate thermometer shall be kept affixed ; and the arrangements shall be such that the temperature of the room shall not at any time during working hours where hand-hacMing, roughing, or machine-hacMing is carried on, fall below 50 degrees, or where sorting, carding, or preparing is carried on, below 55 degrees ; and that no person- employed shall be exposed to a direct draught from any air inlet, or to any' draught at a temperature of less than 50 degrees. Provided that it shall be a sufficient compliance with this Regulation if the heating apparatus be put into operation at the commencement of work, and if the required temperature be maintained after the expiration of one hour from the commencement of work. 4. In every room in which wet-spinning is carried on, or in which artificial MWidity of air is produced in aid of manufacture, a set of standardised wet and dry bulb thermometers shall be kept affixed in the centre of tlje room or in such other position as may be directed 80 Regulations : — Flax and Tow. by the Inspector of the district by notice in writing, and shall be maintained in correct working order. Each of the above thermometers shall be read between 10 and 11 a.m. on every day that any person is employed in the room, and again between 3 and 4 p.m. on every day that any person is employed in the room after 1 p.m., and each reading shall be at once entered on the prescribed form. The form shall be hung up near the thermometers to which it telates, and shall be forwarded, duly filled in, at the end of each calendar month to the Inspector of the district. Provided that this part of this Regulation shall not apply to any room in which the difference of reading between the wet and dry bulb thermometers is never less than 4 degrees, if notice of intention to work on that system has been given in the prescribed form to the Inspector for the district, and a copy of the notice is kept affixed in the room to which it applies. 5. The humidity of the atmosphere of any room to which Regula- tion 4 applies shall not at any time be such that the difference between the readings of the wet and dry bidb thermometers is less than 2 degrees. 6. No water shall be used for producing humidity of the air, or in wet-spinning troughs, which is liable to cause injury to the health of the persons employed or to jdeld effluvia ; and for the purpose of this Regulation any water which absorbs from acid solution of permanganate of potash in four hours at 60 degrees more than -5 grain of oxygen per gallon of water, shall be deemed to be liable to cause injury to the health of the persons employed. 7. Efficient means shall be adopted to prevent the escape of steam from wet-spinning troughs. 8. The pipes used for the introduction of steam into any room in which the temperature exceeds 70 degrees, or for heating the water in any wet-spinning trough, shall, so far as they are within the room and not covered by water, be as small in diameter and as limited in length as is reasonably practicable, and shall be effectively covered with non-conducting material. 9. Efficient splash guards shall be provided and maintained on all wet-spinning frames of 2|-inch pitch and over, and on all other wet- spinniiig frames unless waterproof skirts, and bibs of suitable material, are provided by the occupier and worn by the workers. Provided that if the Chief Inspector is satisfied with regard to premises in use prior to 30th June, 1905, that the structural conditions are such that splash guards cannot conveniently be used, he may suspend the requirement as to splash guards. Such suspension shall only be allowed by certificate in writing signed by the Chief Inspector, and shall be subject to such conditions as may be stated in the certificate. 10. The floor of every wet-spinning room shall be keplf in sound condition, and drained so as to prevent retention or accumulation of water. Regulations : — ^Locomotives and Waggons. 81 11. There shall be provided for all persons employed in any room in which wet-spinning is carried on, or in which artificial humidity of air is produced in aid of manufacture, suitable and convepient accommodation in which to keep the clothing taken ofi before starting work, and in the case of a building erected after 30th June, 1905, in which the difference between the readings of the wet and dry bulb thermometers is at any time less than 4 degrees, such accommodation shall be provided in cloak-rooms ventilated and kept at a suitable temperature and situated in or near the workrooms in question. 12. Suitable and efficient respirators shall be provided for the use of the persons employed in machine-hacMing, preparing, and carding. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 13. All persons employed on wet-spinning frames %vithout efficient splash guards, shall wear the skirts and bibs provided by the occupier in pursuance of Regulation 9. 14. No person shall in any way interfere, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for ventilation, or for the removal of dust, or for the other purposes of these Regulations. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 26th February, 190&. *FoE USE OF Locomotives and Waggons on Lines and Sidings in oe used in connection with premises under the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 1906. No. 679. Whereas the use of locomotives, waggons, and other rolling stock on lines of rail or sidings in any factory or workshop or any place to which the provisions of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f are applied by that Act or on lines of rail or sidings used in connection with any factory or workshop or any place as afore- said, and not being part of a railway within the meaning of the Railway Emplojniient (Prevention of Accidents) Act, 1900,J has been certified in pursuance of the said section to be dangerous ; I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred upon me by that Act make the following Regulations and direct that they shall apply to all places before mentioned. » These Regulations shall come into force on the first day of January, _ i, * These Regulations were gazetted September 14, 1906. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. i 63 & 64 Vict. c. 27. (b247— Gp. 15) a 82 Regulations : — Locomotives aiid Waggons. 1907, except Regulations 1, 2, and 22, which shall come into force on the Ist day of January, 1908. ' Subject to the exemptions below, it shall be the duty of — (i) The Occupier of any factory or workshop and any place to which any of the provisions of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,* are applied, and (ii) Th6 Occupier of any line of rails or sidings used in coimection with a factory or workshop, or with any place to which any of the provisions of the Factor}' and Workshop Act, 1901,* are applied, to comply with Part I. of these Regulations. And it shall be the duty of every person who by himself, his agents or workmen carries on any of the operations to which these Regula- tions apply, and of all agents, workmen and persons employed to comply with Part II. of these Regulations. And it shall be the duty of every person who by himself, his agents or workmen, carries on any of the operations to which these Regula- tions apply, to comply with Part III. of these Regulations, ■fin these Regulations : — . Line of ra/ils means a line of rails or sidings for the use of loco- motives or waggons, except such lines as are used exclusively for (a) a gantry crane or travelling crane, or (6) any charging machine or other apparatus or vehicle used exclusively in or about any actual process of manufacture. Waggon includes any wheeled vehicle or non-self-moving crane on a line of rails. Locomotive includes any wheeled motor on a line of rails used for the movement of waggons and any self-moving crane. Gantry means an elevated structure of wood, masonry or metal, exceeding 6 feet in height and used for loading or unloading, which carries a liiie of rails, whereon waggons are worked - by mechanical power. Nothing in these Regulations shall apply to : — {a) A line of rails of less than 3 feet gauge, and locomotives and waggons used thereon. (6) A line of rails not worked by mechanical power. (c) A line of rails inside a railway goods warehouse. (d) A line of rails forming -part of a mine within the meaning of the Coal Mines Regulation Act, 1887,J or of a quarry within the meaning of the Quarries Act, 1894,§ not being a line of rails within or used solely in connection with any factory or workshop not incidental to the maintenance or working of the mine or quarry or to the carrying on of the business thereof. {e) Pit banks of mines to which the Metalliferous Mines Regulation Act, 1872,** applies, and private lines of rails used in connection therewith. * 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. t Terms 'o which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics, i 50 & 51 Vict. c. 58 ; new the Coal Mines Act, 1911 (1 and 2 Geo. 5, c. 50). § 57 & 58 Vict. c. 42. ** 35 & 36 Vict. c. 77. Regulations : — Locomotives and Waggons. 83 (/) Lines of railways used in connection with factories or workshops, so far as they are outside the factory or workshop premises, and used for running purposes only.. (g) Waggons not moved by mechanical power. {h) Bviildings in course of construction. (i) Explosives factories or workshops within the meaning of the Explosives Act, ,1875.* (j) All lines and sidings on or used in connection with docks, wharves and quays not forming part of a factory or workshop as defined in Section 149 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901 .f {k) Waggon or locomotive building or repairing shops, and all lines and sidings used in connection with such shops if such shops are in the occupation of a railway company within the meaning of the Regulation of Railways ., Act, 1871.$ (1) Depots or car-sheds being parts of tramway or light railway undertakings authorized by Parliament, and used for the storage, cleaning, inspection or repair of tramway cars or light railway cars. Part I. 1. Point rods and signal wires in such a position as to be a source of danger to persons employed shall be sufficiently covered or otherwise guarded. 2. Ground levers working points shall be so pla,ced that men working them are clear of adjacent lines, and shall be placed in a position parallel to the adjacei\t lines, or in such other position, and be of such form, as to cause as little obstruction as possible to persons employed. 3. Lines of rails and points shall be periodically examined and kept in efficient order, having regard to the nature of the traffic. 4. Every gantry shall be properly constructed and kept in proper repair. It shall have a properly fixed structure to act as a stop- block at any terminal point ; and at every part where persons employed have to work or pass on foot there .shall be a suitable, footway, and if such footway is provided between a line of rails and the edge of the gantry the same shall, so far as is reasonably practicable, having regard to the traffic and working, be securely fenced at such a distance from the line of rails as to afford a reasonably sufficient space for sucb. persons to pass in safety between the fence and a Ipcomotive, waggon or load on the line of rails. 5. Coupling poles or other suitable mechanical appliances shall be provided where required for the purpose of Regulation 11. 6. Proper sprags and scotches when required shall be provided for the use of persons in charge of the movement of waggons. 7. Where during the period between one hour after sunset and one hour before simrise, or in foggy weather, shimting or any * 38 Vict. 0. 17. . t 1 Kdw. 7, o. 22. • t 34 & 35 Vict. c. 78. (B 247— Gp. 15) ■ fi 2 84 Regulations : — ^Locomotives and Waggons. operations likely to cause danger to persons employed are frequently carried on, efficient lighting shall be provided either by hand lamps or stationary lights as the case may require at all points where necessary for the safety of such persons. 8. The mechanism of a capstan worked by power and used for the purpose of traction of waggons on a line of rails shall be main- tained in efficient condition arid if operated by a treadle such treadle shall be tested daily before use. Part II. 9. When materials are placed within 3 feet of a line of rails and persons employed are exposed to risk of injury from traffic by having to pass on foot over them or between them and the line such material shall, as far as reasonably practicable, be so placed as not to endanger such persons, and there shall be adequate recesses at intervals of not more than 20 yards where the materials exceed that length. 10. No person shall cross a line of rails by crawling or passing tmderneath a train or waggons thereon where there may be a risk of . danger from traffic. 11. Locomotives or waggons shall wherever it is reasonably practicable without structural alterations be coupled or uncoupled only by means of a coupling pole or other suitable mechanical appliance, except where the construction of locomotives or waggons is such that coupling or uncoupling can be safely and conveniently performed without any part of a man's body being within the space between the ends or buffers of one locomotive or waggon and another. 12. Sprags and scotches shall be -used as and when they are required. 13. Waggons shall not be moved or be allowed to be moved on a line of rails by means of a prop or pole, or by means of towing by a rope or chain attached to a locomotive or waggon moving on an adjacent line of rails when other reasonably practicable means can be adopted ; provided that this shall not apply to the movement of ladles containing hot material on a line of. rails in front of and adjacent to a furnace. In no case shall props be used for the above purpose unless made of iron, steel or strong timber hooped with iron to prevent SpUtting. 14. Where a locomotive pushes more than one waggon, and risk of injury may thereby be caused to persons employed, a man shall, wherever it is safe and reasonably practicable, accompany or precede the front waggon or other efficient means shall be taken to obviate such risk. Provided that this Regulation shall not apply to the following : — (a) Fly shunting. (6) Movement of waggons used for conveyance of molten or' hot material or other dangerous substance. 15. No person shall be upon the buffer of a locomotive or waggon in motion unless there is a secure handhold and shall not stand thereon Regulations :— Locomotives and Waggons. 85 unless there is also a secure footplace ; nor shall any person ride on a locomotive or waggon by means of a coupling pole or other like appliance. 16. No locomotive or waggon shall be moved on a line of rails until warning has been given by the person in charge to persons employed whose safety is likely to be endangered. Provided that this Regulation shall not apply to a self-moving crane within a building or to a charging machine or other vehicle^ so long as it is used in or about any actual process of manufacture. 17. Where persons employed have to pass on foot or work, no locomotive or waggon shall be moved on a line of rails during the period between one hour after sunset and one hour before sunrise, or in foggy weather, unless the approaching end, wherever it is safe and reasonably practicable, is distinguished by a suitable light or accompanied by a man with a lamp. Provided that this Regulation shall not apply to the movement of locomotives or waggons within any area which is efficiently lighted by stationary lights. 18. The driver in charge of a locomotive, or a man preceding it on foot, shall give an efficient sound signal as a warning on approaching any level crossing over a line of rails regularly used by persons employed, or any curve where sight is intercepted, or any other point of danger to persons employed. 19. A -danger signal shall be exhibited at or near the ends of any waggon or train of waggons undergoing repair wherever persons employed are liable to be endangered by an approaching locomotive or waggon. . 20.^a) The. space immediately around such a capstan as men- tioned in Regulation 8 shall be kept clear of all obstruction. (b) Such capstan shall not be set in motion until signals have been exchanged between the man in charge of the capstan and the man working the rope or chain attached to it. (c) No person under 18 years of age shall work such capstan. 21. No person under the age of 18 shall be employed as a loco- ' motive driver, and no person imder the age of 16 shall be employed as a shunter. - ,Paet III. 22. All glass tubes of water gauges on locomotives or stationary boilers used for the movement of waggons shall be adequately protected by a covering or guard. H. J. Gladstone, Home Office, Whitehall, 24th August, 1906. One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. 86 Regulations : — Paints and Colours. *FoE THE Manufacture of Paints and Colours, 1907. No. 17. Whereas the manufacture of paints and colours has been certified in pursuance of, section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, IQOljf to be dangerous ; I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops in which diy carbonate of lead or red lead is used in the manufacture of paints and colours or chromate of lead is produced by boiling, provided as follows : — (i) The Regulations shall not apply to factories and workshops in which paints and colours are manufactured not for sale but solely for use in the business of the occupier ; or to factories or workshops in which only the manufacture of artists' colours is carried on ; or to the manufacture of varnish paints. (2) Regulation 2, and so much of Regulation 3 as prevents the employment of a woman in manufacturing lead colour, shall not apply to the packing in parcels or kegs not exceeding 14 lbs. in weight, unless and imtil so required by notice in writing from the Chief Inspector of Factories; (3) Regulations 4, 5, 6, 11, and 12 shall not apply to factories or workshops in which the grinding of lead colour occupies less than three hours in any week, unless and until so required by notice in writing from the Chief Inspector of Factories. %Def,nitions. For the purpose of these Regulations — " Lead colour " means dry carbonate of lead and red lead, and any colour into which either of these substances enters. " Lead process " means any process involving the mixing, crushing, sifting, grinding in oil, or any other manipulation of lead colour giving rise to dust ; or the manufacture and manipula- tion of chromate of lead produced by boiling in the colour house. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part 11. of these Regulations. Part I. . Duties of Employers. 1. No lead colour shall be placed in any hopper or shoot without an efficient exhaust draught and air guide so arranged as to draw the dust away from the worker as near as possible to the point of origin. 2. No lead process shall be carried on, save either — (a) with an efficient exhaust draught and air guide so arranged as to carry away the dust or steam as near as possible to the point of origin ; or * These Regulations were gazetted January 26, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. X The terms "lead colour" and "lestd process" to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. Regulations : — ^Paints and Colours. 87 (6) In the case of processes giving rise to dust, in an apparatus so closed as to prevent the escape of dust. Provided that this Regulation shall not apply to the imrnersion and manipulation of lead colour in water. 3. No woman, young person, or child shall be employed in manipu- lating lead colour^ L Every person employed in a lead process or at the roller mills connected with the grinding in oil of lead colour (hereinafter referred to as the roUer mills*) shall pnce in each calendar month, on a date of which notice shall be given to every such person, be examined by the Certifying Surgeon of the district or other duly quaUfied medical practitioner (hereinafter referred to as the Appointed Surgeon) if appointed for the purpose by the Chief Inspector of Factories by a certificate under his hand and subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate. The Certifying or Appointed Surgeon shall have power to suspend from employment in any lead 'process or at the roUer mills. 5. No person after suspension in accordance with Regulation 4 shall be employed in any lead process or at the roller mills without written sanction entered in the Health Register by the Certifying or Appointed Surgeon. 6. A Health Register in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories shall be kept and shall contain a list of all persons employed ■ in any lead process or at the roUer mUls. The Certifying or Appointed Surgeon will enter therein the dates and results of his examiaations- of such persons with particulars of any directions given by him. The Health Register shall be produced at any time when required by any of His Majesty's Inspectors of Factories or by the Certifyiag or Appointed Surgeon. 7. Overalls shall he provided for all persons employed in lead processes or at the roller mills ; and shall be washed or renewed at least once every week. 8. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all persons employed in lead processes or at the roller mills — (a) a cloak-room or other suitable place in which such persons can deposit clothing put ofE during working hours, and separate and suitable arrangements for the storage of overalls required by Regulation 7 ; (6) a dining-room, unless all workers leave the factory during meal hours. 9. No person shall be allowed to introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink (other than a medicine provided by the occupier and approved by tie Certifying or Appointed Surgeon), or tobacco in any room in which a lead process is carried on. Suitable provision shall be made for the deposit of food brought by persons employed. * The term "roller mills" to which a defined meaning is given is printed throughout in italics. 88 Eegulations :— Paints and Colours. 10. The occupier shall provide and maintain in a cleanly state and in good repair for the use of persons employed in lead processes or at the roller mills a lavatory containing either — (a) at least one lavatory basin for every five such persons, fitted with a waste pipe, or placed in a trough having a waste pipe, and having a constant supply of cold water laid-on^ and a sufficient supply of hot water constantly available ; or (6) troughs of enamel or similar smooth impervious material, fitted with waste pipes without plugs, and having a constant supply of warm water laid on. The length of such troughs shall be in a proportion of not less than two feet for every five persons employed in lead processes or at the roller mills. He shall also provide in the lavatory soap, nail brushes, and a sufficient supply of clean towels renewed daily. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 11. All persons employed in lead processes or at the roUer mills shall present themselves at the appointed time for examination by the Certifying or Appointed Surgeon as provided in Regulation 4. 12. No person after suspension under Regulation 4 shall work in a lead process or at the roller mills in any paint and colour factory or workshop to which these Regulations apply without written sanction entered in the Health Register by the Certifjnng or Appointed Surgeon. 13. All persons employed in lead processes or at the roller miUs shall wear the overalls provided under Regulation 7 and shall deposit such overalls and any clothing put ofE during working hours in the places provided under Regulation 8. The overalls shall not be removed by persons employed from the factory or workshop. 14. No person shall introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink (other than a medicine provided by the occupier and approved by the Certifying o'r Appointed Surgeon), or tobacco in any room in which a lead process is carried on. 15. All persons employed in lead processes or at the roller mills shall carefully clean and wash their hands before leaving the premises or.partaking of any food. 16. No person shall, without the permission of the occupier or manager, interfere in any way with the means and appliances provided for the removal of dust, steam or fumes and for the carrying out of these Regulations. These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st February, 1907. H. J.' Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, iilst January, 1907. Regulations : — Heading of Yarn. 89 *F0R THE HEADING OF YARN DYED BY MEANS OF A LeAD COMPOUND. 1907. No. 616. # Whereas tke process of heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound has been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, igOljf to be dangerous ; I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories in which the said process is carried on. Provided that if the Chief Inspector of Factories is satisfied, with regard 'to any such factory, that the heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound will not occupy more than three hours in any week, he may, by certificate, suspend Regulations 2, 3, 4, 7 (a), and 8 (a), or any of them. Every such certificate shall be in writing, signed by the Chief Inspector of Factories, and shall be revocable at any time by further certificate. ^Definitions. " Heading " means the manipulation of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound over a bar or post, and includes picking, making- up, and noddling. " Employed " means employed in heading of yam dyed by means of a lead compound. " Surgeon " means the Certifying Factory Surgecjn of the district or a duly qualified medical practitioner appointed by certificate under the hand of the Chief Inspector of Factories, which appointment shall be subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate. " Suspension " means suspension by written certificate in the Health Register, signed by the Surgeon, from employment in heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of these Regulations. Part I. Duties of Employers. 1. No yarn dyed by means of a lead compound shall be headed unless there be an efficient exhaust draught so arranged as to draw the dust away from the worker, as near as possible to the point of origin. The speed of the draught at the exhaust opening shall be determined at least once in every three months and recorded in the General Register. 2. No person under 16 years of age shall be employed. * These Regulations were gazetted August 13, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. t Terms to which defined meanings are given aro printed throughout in italics. 90 Regulations : — Heading of Yarn. 3. A Health Register, containing the names of all persons employed, shall be kept in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories. 4. Every person employed shall be examined by the Surgeon once in every three months (or at shorter intervals if and as reqiiired in writing by the Chief Inspector of Factories) on a date of which due notice shall be given to all concerned. The Surgeon shall have power of suspension as regards all persons employed, and no person after suspension shall be employed without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in the Health Register. 5. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons employed — (a) a suitable cloakroom for clothing put ofE during working hours ; (b) a suitable meal-room separate from any room in which heading of yam dyed by means of a lead compound is carried on, xmless the works are closed during' meal hours ; and, if so required by notice in writing from the Chief Inspector of Factories, (c) suitable overalls and head-coverings which shall be collected at the end of every day's work, and be washed and renewed at least once every week ; {d) a suitable place, separate from the cloakroom and meal-room, for the ^rage of the overalls and head-coverings. 6. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good repair, for the use of all persons employed, a lavatory, under cover, with a sufficient supply of clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and with either — ■ (a) a trough with a smooth impervious surface, fitted with a waste pipe without plug, and of such length as to allow at least two feet for every five such persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than two feet ; or (b) at least one lavatory basin for every five such persons, fitted with a waste pipe and plug or placed in a trough having a waste pipe, and having either a constant .supply of hot and cold water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not i^asonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on and a supply of hot water always at hand when required for use by persons employed. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 7. Every person employed shall — (a) present himself at the appointed time for examination by the Surgeon as provided in Regulation 4 ; (b) wear the overall and head-covering (provided, in pursuance of Regulation 5 (c) ) while at work, and shall remove them Regulations : — Hemp and Jute. 91 before partaking of food or leaving the premises, and shall deposit in the cloakroom, provided in pursuance of Regulation 5 (a), clothing put off diiring working hours ; (c) wash the hands before partaking of food or leaving the premises. 8. No person shall — • (a) work in heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compoxm'd after susjaension, without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in the Health Register ; (b) introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food or drink, or tobacco, in any room in which heading of yarn dyed by means of a lead compound is carried on ; (c) interfere in any way, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for the removal of the dust, and. for the carrying out of these Regulations. H. J. Gladstone, . One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 6th August, 1907. *FoE THE PeOCESSJSS OP SPINNING AND WEAVING HeMP, OE JuTE, OE Hemp oe Jute Tow, and Peooesses incidental theeeto. 1907. No. 660. Whereas the processes of spinning and weaving hemp or jute, or hemp or jute tow, and the processes incidental thereto have been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous : — I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories, other than scutch mills, in which any of the processes named above are carried on. These Regulations shall come into force on the first day of January, 1908. XDefinitions. In these Regulations — " Degrees " means degrees on the Fahretiheit scale. " Opening of hales," " hatching," " machine-hacMing," " carding," and " preparing " mean those processes in the manufacture of hemp, or jute, or hemp or jute tow. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of these Regulations. * These Regulations were gazetted August 30, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7i 0. 22. j Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. 92 Regulations : — ^Hemp and Jute. Part I. Duties of Occupiers. 1. In every room in which persons are employed the arrangements shall be such that during working hours the proportion of carbonic acid in the air of the room shall not exceed 20 volumes per 10,000 voliunes of air at any time when gas or oil is used for lighting (or within one hour thereafter), or 12 volumes per 10,000 when electric light is used (or within one hour thereafter), or 9 volumes per 10,000 at any other time. Provided that it shall be a sufficient compliance with this Regulation if the proportion of carbonic acid in the air of the room does not exceed that of the open air by more than 5 volumes per 10,000 volumes of air. 2. In every room in which the opening of bales, batching, machine- Jiackling, carding, preparing, or 'other process is carried on and in 'which dust is generated and inhaled to an extent likely to cause injury to the health of the workers, efficient exhaust and inlet "ventilation shall be provided to secure that the dust is drawn away from the workers at or as near as is reasonably possible to the point at which it is generated. 3. In every room in which the opening of bales, batching, machvne- Jiackling, carding, or preparing is carried on an accurate thermometer shall be kept affixed. 4. The temperature of any room where machine-hackling is carried on shall not fall below 50 degrees, or where carding or preparing is carried on, below 55 degrees. Provided that it shall be a sufficient compliance with this Regulation if the heating apparatus be put in operation at the conunencement of work, and if the required temperature be maintained after the expiration of one hour from the commence- ment of work. 5. Where machvne-hacJcling, carding, or preparing is carried on the arrangements shall be such that ho person employed shall be •exposed to a direct draught from any air inlet, or to any draught at a temperature of less than 50 degrees. 6. In every room in which artificial humidity of air is produced in aid of manufacture, a set of standardised wet and dry bulb thermometers shall be kept affixed in the centre of the room, or in such other position as may be directed by the Inspector of the 4istrict by notice in writing, and shall be maintained in correct working order. Each of the above thermometers shall be read between 11 and 12 a.m. on every day that any person is employed in the room, and again between 4 and 5 p.m. on every day that any person is employed in the room after 1 p.m., and each reading shall at once be entered on the prescribed form. The form shall be hung up near the thermo- meter to which it relates, and shall be forwarded, duly filled in, at the end of each calendar month to the Inspector of the district. Provided that this part of this Regulation shall not apply to any room in which the difference of reading between the wet Regulations :— Use of Horsehnir. 95 and dry bulb tliermometers is ne/er le^s than 4 degrees, if notice- of intention to work on that system has been given in the prescribed form to the Inspector of the district, and a copy of the notice, is kept affixed in the room to which it applies. 7. Suitable and sufficient respirators shall be provided for the- use of persons employed in the opening of bales, marhine-hacMing^ 'preparing and carding, if dust is generated and inhaled to an extent, likely to cause injury to the health of the workers. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 8. No person shall in any way interfere, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for ventilation, or for the removal of dust, or for the other purposes, of these Regulations. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 28th Augiist, 1907. *FoR THE Use of Hoesehaie. 1907. No. 984. Whereas processes involving the use of horsehair from China, Siberia, or Russia have been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to-be dangerous ; I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops in which the said processes are; carried on. These Regulations shall come iAto force on the 1st April, 1908. XDefinitions. " Material " means tail or mane horsehair from China, Siberia or Russia, whether in the raw state or partially or wholly prepared, notwithstanding that such preparation may have taken place in some country other than those named. " Disinfection " means— (a) exposure to steam at a temperature not less than 212° F.. for at least half an hour, of material so loosened, spread out or exposed as to allow the steam to penetrate through- out ; or (b) exposure of material to such disinfectant under such con- ditions of concentration and temperature of the disinfectant, and duration and manner of exposure of the material to- * These Regulations were gazetted December 20, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. t Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout ire italics. 94 Regulations : — Use of Horsehair. it, and otherwise, as are certified to secure the destruction of anthrax spores in all parts of all horsehair subjected to the process. Provided that such a certificate shall have no force unless and until (1) a copy of it has been submitted to the Secretary of State, and (2) a copy of it is kept in the Register required under Regulation 1. Provided, further; that any such certificate may at any time be disallowed by the Secretairy of State, either generally or with regard to a factory or workshop in which anthrax has occurred. " Certified " means certified by the director of a bacterio- logical laboratory recognised by a corporation in the United Kingdom having power to grant diplomas registrable under , the Medical Acts, 1858 to 1905. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of these Regulations. Part I. Duties of Employers. 1. A Register shall be kept containing the prescribed particulars* of the disinfection of all material. 2. Material which has not undergone disinfection shall not be stored except in a room set aside for the purpose, in which no other horsehair shall be placed. 3. Material which has not undergone disinfection shall not be opened from the bale or sorted except in a room set aside for the purpose, in which no other horsehair shall be placed ; nor shall any such material be opened from the bale, except over or by the side of an efficient screen, or sorted except over an efficient screen. For the purposes of this Regulation no screen shall be deemed to be efficient unless it is provided with an exhaust draught so arranged that at every point of the screen within 18 inches of the centre the velocity of the exhaust draught shall be at least 300 linear feet per minute. 4. No material shall be subjected to any manipulation other than opening or sorting until it has undergone disinfection. * The Secretary of State has presented the following as the particulars to be entered in the register kept in pursuance of Regulation 1 with regard to each consignment of horsehair received in the factory or workshop. 1. Weight of material ; 2. Date of recSpt on the premises ; 3. Country of origin; 4. Whether raw or partially or wholly prepared ; 5. Method of disinfection ; And in the case of material disinfected on the premises, 6. Date of disinfection ; > And in the case of material disinfected elsewhere than on the premises, 7. Name of person tTOm whom the material was obtained. Regulations :— Use of Horsehair. 95 5. Every willowing and dust-extracting machine shall be covered over and provided with efficient exhaust draught so arranged as to carry the dust away from the worker. * 6. The dust from the opening and sorting screens; and from the willow or other dust-extracting machines, shall be discharged, into furnaces or into chambers so constructed as to intercept the dust. 7. Each extracting shaft and the space beneath the opening and sorting screen shall be cleaned out at least once in every week. 8. All dust collected from the opening and sorting screens shall be burned. 9. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of persons employed on material which has not undergone disinfection— (a) suitable overalls and head coverings, which shall be collected at the end of every day's work, and washed or renewed at leftst once every week, and shall not be taken out of the works for any purpose whatever unless they have previously been boiled for ten minutes or hg,ve undergone disinfection after last being used ; and (&) a suitable meal-room, separate from any work-room, unless the works are closed during meal hours ; and (c) a suitable cloakroom for clothing put off during working hours ; and a suitable place, separate from the cloakroom and meal-room, for the storage of the overalls ; and (d) requisites for treating scratches and sHght wounds. 10. There shall be provided suitable respirators for the use of persons employed in work necessitated by Regulations 6, 7 and 8. Bach respirator shall bear the distinguishing mark of the worker to whom it is supplied, and the filtering material shall be renewed after each day on which it is used. 11. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good repair for the use of all persons employed on material which has not undergone disinfection, a lavatory under cover, with a siifficient supply of clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and with either — (a) a trough with a smooth impervious surface, fitted. witli a waste pipe without plug, and of such length as to allow at least 2 feet for every five such persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than 2 feet ; or {b) at least one lavatory basin for every five such persons, fitted with a waste pipe and plug or placed in a trough having a waste pipe, and having either a constant supply of hot and co'd water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not reasonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on and a supply of hot water always at hand when required for use by persons employed. 96 Regulations : — Use of Horsehair. 12. No person under 18 years of age shall be employed on material whid} has not undergone disinfection. 13. No person employed on material which has not undergone disinfection shall be allowed — (a) to work having any open cut or sore ; or (h) to introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food or drink, or tobacco in any room .in which such material is stored or manipulated. 14. A cautionary notice as to anthrax, in the prescribed form, shall be kept affixed with these Regulations. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 15. No person employed shall — (a) open, sort, or willow or otherwise manipulate any material except in accordance with the foregoing Regulations. {b) introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food or drink, or tobacco, contrary to Regulation 13 (6). 16. Every person employed on material which has not undergone disinfection shall — (a) wear the overall and head covering provided in pursuance of Regulation 9 (a) while at work, and shall remove thenl before partaking of food or leaving the premises, and shall deposit in the cloakroom provided in pursuance of Regula- tion 9 (c) all clothing put off during working hours ; and (6) wash the hands and clean the nails before partaking of food or leaving the premises ; and (c) report any cut or sore to the foreman, and until it has been treated abstain from "work on any such material. 17. Every person employed shall wear the respirator provided in pursuance of Regulation 10 while engaged in work necessitated by Regulations 6, 7 and 8. 18. If the arrangement for disinfection, or any fan, or any otlier appliance for' the carrying out of these Regulations, appears to any workman to be out of order or defective, he shall immediately report it to the foreman. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 20th December, 1907. Regulations : — Casting of Brass. 97 *PoR THE Casting of Bkass, 1908. No. 484. Whereas the castitig of brass or any alloy of copper with zinc has been certified, in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Actf to be dangerous, I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act make the following Regulations and direct that they shall come into force on the 1st day of January, 1910, and shall apply to all factories in which the casting of brass is carried on, with the following exceptions : — (i) The Regulations shall not apply to the scmd-castmg shop having an air-space equivalent to 2,500 cubic feet for each of the persons employed, nor to any other casting-shop having an air-space equivalent to 3,500 cubic feet for each of the persons employed. Provided—. (a) that provision is made for the egress of the fumes during casting by inlets below and outlets above of adequate size, and (6) that a notice in the prescribed form, giving the prescribed particulars, shall be kept affixed at or near the entrance of the casting shop and that a copy thereof shall be sent to the Inspector of the district, and (c) that the conditions of exemption stated in such notice are not departed from. (ii) So much of Regulation 1. as requires that exhaust draught shall be maintained during the process of casting shall not apply in the case of strip or solid drawn tube casting or any other class of casting which the Secretary of State may certify on that behalf, provided that — (a) the exhaust draught cannot be so maintained without damage to the metal (proof of which shall be upon the occupier) ; and (h) the exhaust draught is put into operation immediately after the casting ; and (c) provision is made for the egress of fumes during casting by inlets below and outlets above of adequate size. (iii) Where it is proved to the satisfaction of the Chief Inspector of Factories that by reason of exceptional features in the construction or situation of a casting shop or by reason of the infrequency of the casting or the small quantity or the nature or composition of the metal cast or other cir- cumstances all or any of the Regulations are not necessary for the protection of the persons employed he may by certificate in writing (which he may in his discretion revoke) exempt such casting shop from all or any of the provisions * These Regulations were gazetted June 26, 1908. t 1 Edw. 7 c. 22. (b247— Gp. 15) H 98 Regulations : — Casting of. Brass. of the sanxe, subject to such conditions as he may by such certificate prescribe. *In these Regulations (including the above provisions and exceptiona)— ; , . ,-■■,! " Brass " means any alloy of copper and zinc. " Casting " includes the. pouring, and skimming of brass. , , . ^ y , , ^^ Casting .shop" means, any .pla.ce„in,-which casto'mg'jof,,6};ass,.is c^rr;ied pn. , , : , "Sand-casting" xa!^am casting in in^vild?., prepared jbyr^and .ip sand or loam or sand and loam. ,. ... , ..., . ., " Sand-cq,sting shop " means a place in which no kind.p^ casting , othpr than sand-casting is carried on. " Po^ " 'includes any crucible, ladle bH-^otliei Vessel in which the brass is skimmed or from ^^liicli it'is poured. " Eniployed," ineans einployed iii the'^&^w^ shHp in any capacity. " Persons employed " means the maximum number of persons ' at any time employed. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations, and the conditions contained in anv certiiicate of exemption. , It shall, ;be the duty of all persons ewjofo^/et^ to observe Part II. of these Regulations. I ' Part I. , , Duties of Occupiers. 1. Casting of hrass shall not be carried on unless the following conditions are complied with : — (a) There shall be an efficient exhaust dratight pperating by nleans either of (i) a tube attached to the pot, or (ii) a fixed or movable hood over the point where the casting takes place, or (iii) a fan in the upper part of the casting shop, or- (iv) some other effectual contrivance for the prompt removal of the fumes from the casting shop and preventing their diffusion therein. The exhaust dtaught shall be applied as near to the point of origin of the fumes as is reasonably ' practicable having regard to the' requirements of the process, the maintenance of the etxhdugt draught during the process of casting, and (as regards casting shops in use prior to 1st January, 1908) the structure of the premises, and the cost of applying the exhaust' draught in that manner. <{b) There shall be efficient arrangements to prevent • the fumes ' ■ from entering any other room in the factory in which work is carried on. \{c) There shall be free openings to the outside air so placed as not to interfere with the efficiency of the exhaust draught. 2. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good repair, for the use of aW persons employed, a lavatory, under cover, (i) with a sufficient supply of clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and (ii) with either-^ * Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. Regulations :— Vitreous Enamelling of Metal or Glass. 99 ' ' {a) A trough with a smooth, impervious surface, fitted \fith a waste pipe without plug, and- of such length as to allow at leasfctWo feet for every five such persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than two feet ; or (6) At least one lavatory basin for every five such persons, fitted ■ ' • with a Waste pipe and plug, or placed in' 'a trough havifag a waste pipe, and having either a constant supply of hot and ■ cold Water, or warm water, laid on,' or (if a coiistant supply of heated water be not reasonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on and a supply cff hot water' always : athand when required for use by p&rsons emfbyedi . 3. No female' shall be allowed to work, in any process wha,tevet,' in any casting shdj). Part II. Duties of Persons Emfloyed. - 4. No person em/ploygi. s\:i^\\ leave the premises or partake of food without carefully washing the hands. 5. No.persons empfo«/ed shall carry on the pouring of brass without using apparatus provided in pursuance of Regulation 1 (a). 6. No person employed shall in any way interfere without the knowledge and concurrence of the occupier or manager with the means provided for the removal of fumes. ' 1 = . ■ ' H, J, Gladstone, ' ' One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 20th June, 1908. *FoR Vitreous Enamelling of Metal or Glass. 1908. No. 1258. Whereas the process of vitreous enamelling of metal or glass has been certified in pursuance of -section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous ; ' I hereby, ill pursuance of the powers Conferred Oil me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to -all factories and workshops in which vitreoiis enamelling' oi metal Or gla«s is carried on. ' Provided that nothing in these Regulations shall apply to — (a) thfe ewa'meZ^t'wgf of jewellery or watches ; or ' ' (6) the' manufacture of stained glass ; or * These Regulations were gazetted December 22, 1908. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. (b 247— Gp. 15) H 2 100 Eegulations : — Vitreous Enamelling of Metal or Glass. (c) enamelling by means of glazes or colours containing less than 1 per cent, of lead. These Regulations shall come into force on 1st April, 1909. *Def,nitions. In these Regulations — " Enamdling " means crushing, grinding, sieving, dusting or laying on, brushing or wooUing ofi, spraying, or any other process for the purpose of vitreous covering and decoration of metal or glass ; " Employed " means employed in enamdling ; " Surgeon " means the Certifying Factory Surgeon of the district 6r a duly qualified medical practitioner appointed by written certificate of the Chief Inspector of Factories, which appointment shall be subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate,; " Suspension " means suspension by written certificate in the Health Register, signed by the Surgeon, from emplojmient in any enameUvng process. Duties. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part IL of these Regulations. Past I. Duties of Employers. 1. Every room in which any enamelling process is carried on^ — (a) shall contain at least 500 cubic feet of air space for each person employed therein, and in computing this air space no height above 14 feet shall be taken into account ; (6) shall be efficiently lighted, and shall for this purpose have ef&cient means of lighting both natural and artificial. 2. In every room in which any enamelling process is carried on — (a) the floors shall be well and closely laid, and be maintained in good condition ; (6) the floors and benches shall be cleansed daily and kept free of collections of dust. 3. No enamelling process giving rise to dust or spray shall be done save either — (a) under conditions which secure the absence of dust and spray ; or (b) with an efficient exhaust so arranged as to intercept the. dust or spray and prevent it from diffusing into the air of the room. 4. Except in cases where glaze is applied to a heated metallic surface, dusting or laying on, and brushing or wooUing off, shall not be done except over a grid with a receptacle beneath to intercept the dust falling through. * Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics Regulations :~Vitreous Enamelling of Metal or Glass. 101 5. If firing is done in a room not specially set apart for the purpose, no person shall be employed in any other process within 20 feet from the furnace. 6. Such arrangements shall be made as shall effectually prevent gases generated in the muffle f arnaces from entering the workrooms. 7. No child or young person under 16 years of age shall be employed in any enamelling process. 8. A Health Register, containing the name of all persons employed shall be kept in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories. 9. Every person employed shall be examined by the Surgeon once in every three months (or at such other intervals as may be prescribed in writing by the Chief Inspector of Factories) on a date of which due notice shall be given to all concerned. 10. The Surgeon shall have power of suspension as regards all persons employed, and no person after suspension shall be employed without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in the Health Register. 11. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons employed— [a) suitable overalls and head-coverings, which shall be collected at the end of every day's work, and be cleaned or renewed at least once every week ; (b) a suitable place, separate from the cloakroom and mealroom, for the storage of the overalls and head-coverings ; ((c) a suitable cloakroom for clothing piit ofi during working hours ; i(d) a suitable mealroom separate from any room in which enamelling processes are carried on, unless the works are closed during meal hours. 12. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good jepair, for the use of all persons employed, a lavatory, under cover, with a sufficient supply of clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and with either — (a) a trough with a smooth impervious surface, fitted with a waste pipe without plug, and of. such length as to allow at least two feet for every five such persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than two feet ; or (b) at least one lavatory basin for every five such persons, fitted with a waste pipe and plug or placed in a trough having a waste pipe, and having either a constant supply of hot and cold water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not reasonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on and a supply of hot water always at hand when required for use by persons employed. 102 Regulations :-^East Indian Wool. 13. The occupier shall allow any of H.M. Inspectors of; ractoii6& ta take at any tinie suiEcient samples for /analysis of any enameUin^ material in use or mixed for use. Provided that the occupier may at the time when the sample is taken, and on providing the necessary appliances, require the Inspector to take, seal and deliver to him a duplicate sample. No results of any analysis shall be pjablishpd, without the consent of the occupier, except such as may be necessary to prove the presence of lead when there has been infraction of the Regulations. Part II. Duties of. Persons Employed. 14. Every person employed shall^ (a) present himself at the appointed time for examination by the Surgeon as provided in Regulation 9 ; .(&) wear the overall and head-covering provided under Regulation 11 (a), and deposit them and clothing put off during working hours, in the places provided imder Regulation 11 (6) and (c) ; , (e) carefully clean the hands before partakings of any food or leaving the premises ; (d) so arrange the hair that it shall be efEectually protected from dust by the head-covering. 15. No person employed shall — {a) after suspension, work in any enamdling process without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in ^the Health Register ; (b) introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink, or tobacco, in any room in which an enamelling process is carried on ; (c) interfere in any way, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for the removal of dust or fumes, and for the carrying out of these Regulations. H. J. Gladstone,^ One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Homo Office, Whitehall, 18th December, 1908. *F0K THE USB OF EaST InDIAN WcOL. 1908. No. 1287. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories in which East Indian WooJ is used. • * These Regulations were gazetted December 26, 1908. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Regulsitions :— Electricity. 103 These Regulations shall come into force on the 1st January, 1909. I.. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of these Regulations. Pabt I. ' ' Duties of Occupiers. 2. No Bast Indian wool or hair shall be treated in any dust-extract- ing machine unless such machine is covered over and the cover con- nected with an exhaust fan so arranged as to discharge the dust into a furnace or into an intercepting chamber. 3. The occupier shall provide and maintain suitable overalls and respirators to be worn by the persons engaged in collecting and removing the dust. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 4> No person eniployed shall treat East Indian wool in any dust- extracting machine otherwise than as permitted in Regulation 2. 5.( Every person engaged in collecting or removing dust shall wear the overall and respirator provided in accordance with Regulation 3. 6. If any fan, or any other appliance for the carrying out of these Regulations, is out of order, any workman becoming aware of the defect -shall immediately report the fact to the foreman. ■ H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 18th December, 1908. *FoE THE Generation, Transformation, Distribution and Use OP Electrical Energy in Premises under the Factory and Workshop Acts, 1901 to 1911. 1908. No. 1312. • Whereas the generation, transformation, distribution, and use of electrical energy in any factory or workshop, or any place to which the provisions of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f are applied by that Act, have been certified in pursuance of the said section to be dangerous : — I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred upon me by thait Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they ^hall apply in all places before mentioned. ' i - * These Regulations were gazetted January 1, 1909. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. 104 Regulations : — Eioui/in.ity. These Regulations shall come into force on the Ist July, 1909, except as regards such parts of electrical stations as were constructed before the 1st July, 1908, in respect of which they shall come into force on the 1st January, 1910. Duties. , It shall be the duty of the occupier to comply with these Regulations. And it shall be the duty of all agents, workmen, and persons employed to conduct their work in accordance with these Regulations. *Def,nitions. ^''Pressure" means the difference of electrical potential between any two conductors, or between a conductor and earth as read by a hot wire or electrostatic volt-meter. " Low pressure " means a pressure in a system normally not exceed- ing 250 volts where the electrical energy is used. " Medium Pressure " means a pressure in a system normally above 250 volts, but not exceeding 630 volts, where the electrical energy is used. "High Pressure " means a pressure in a system normally above 650 volts, but not exceeding 3,000 volts, where the electrical energy is used or supplied. " Extra-high Pressure " means a pressure in a system normally exceeding 3,000 volts, where the electrical energy is used or supplied. " System " means an electrical system in which all the . conductors and apparatus are electrically connected to a common source of electro-motive force. " ConduMor " means an electrical conductor arranged to be electric- ally coimected to a system. " Apparatus " means electrical apparatus, and includes all apparatus, machines, and fittings in which conductors are used, or of which they form a part . " Circuit " means an electrical circuit forming a system or branch of a system. " Insulating stand " means a^ floor, platform., stand, or mat of such size, quality, and construc- " Insulating screen " means a tion according to the circiun- screen k, stances of the use thereof, that a " Insulating hoots " means person is thereby adequately boots protected from danger. "Insulating gloves " means j gloves J " Covered with insulating material " means adequately covered with insulating material of such quality and thickness that there is no danger. * Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics- Regulations : — Electricity. 105 " Bare " means not covered with insulating material. " Live " means electrically charged. " Dead " means at, or about, zero potential, and disconnected from any live system. "Earthed " means connected to the general mass of earth in such manner as will ensure at all times an immediate discharge of electrical energy without danger. " Substation " means any premises, or that part of any premises, in which electrical energy is transformed or converted to or from pressure above medium pressure, except for the purpose of working instruments, relays, or similar auxiliary apparatus ; if such premises or part of premises are large enough for a person to enter after the apparatus is in position. " Switcliboard " means the collection of switches or fuses, conductors, and other apparatus in connection therewith, used for the purpose of controlling the current or pressure in any system or part of a system. " Switchboard passage-way " means any passage-way or com- partment large enough for a person to enter, and used, in connection with a switchboard when live. " Authorised person " means (a) the occupier, or (b) a contractor lor the time being under contract with the occupier, or (c) a person employed, appointed, or selected by the occupier, or by a contractor as aforesaid, to carry out certain duties incidental to the generation, transformation, distribution, or use of electrical energy, such occupier, contractor, or person being a person who is competent for the purposes of the regulation in which the term is used. " Danger " means danger to health or danger to life or limb from shock, burn, or other injury to persons employed, or from fire, attendant upon the generation, transformation, distribution, or use of electrical energy. " Public supply " means the supply of electrical energy (a) by any local authority, company, or person authorised by Act of Parliament or Provisional Order confirmed by ParUament or by licence or Order of the Board of Trade to give a supply of electrical energy ; or (6) otherwise under Board of Trade regulations. Exemptions. 1. Nothing in Regulations 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, and 31 shall apply, unless on account of special circumstances the Secretary of State shall give notice to the occupier that this exemption does not apply — (a) To any system in. which the pressure does not exceed low pressure direct or 125 volts alternating ; 106 Regulations : — Electricity. (h) In any publie supply ■geneia.ting station, to any system in which the pressure between it and earth does not exceed low (c) In any above-ground substation for public supply, to -any system not exceeding low pressure. 2. Nothing in these Regulations shall apply to any service lines or apparatus on the supply side of the consumer's terminals, or to any. chamber containing such service lines or apparatus, where the supply is given from outside under Board of Trade regulations ; provided always that no live metal is exposed so that it may be touched. 3. If the occupier can show, with regard to any requirement of these Regulations, that the special conditions in his premises are such as adequately to prevent, danger, that requirement shall be deemed tp, be satisfied ; and the Secretary of State may by Order* direct that any class of special conditions defined in the Order shall be deemed for the purposes of all or any of the requirements of these Regulations adequately to prevent danger, and may revoke such Order. 4. Nothing in these Regulations shall apply to any process or appa/ratvs used exclusively for electro-chemical or electro-thermal or testing or research purposes ; provided such process be so worked and such apparatus so constructed and protected and such special precautions taken as may be necessary to prevent danger. 5. The Secretary of State may, by Order, exempt from the operation of all or any of these Regulations any premises to which any special rules or regulations under any other Act as to the generation, 'trans- formation, distribution or use of electrical energy apply; and may revoke such Order. 6. The Secretary of State may, if satisfied that safety is otherwise practically secured, or that exemption is necessary on the ground of * The following Order dated July 28, 1909, has been made under Exemp- tion 3 : — In pursuance of Exemption 3 of the above Regulations, I hereby direotthat ia rooms, other than electrical stations,' in which' the following special conditions are observed, viz. : — no electrical energy is used except at low pressure, nor for any purpose other than lighting by means of incandescent lamps ; and the floor is of wood or otherwise insulating ; and there is no machinery or other earthed metal with which a person handUng an3' non-earthed lamp fittings or any portable lamp is liable to be in contact ;, and no process rendering the floor wet is' carried on ; and no live conductor is normally exposed so that it may be touched ; such conditions shall be deemed for all the purposes of the Regulations ade- quately to prevent danger. ' >. , ,, ■■ ' H. J. Gladstcme,. 1 . • One of His Majesty's Principal'. Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 28th July, 1909. Regulations :-^Blectricity. 107 emergency- or special circumstances, grant such exemption by Order;* subject to any conditions that may be prescribed therein ; and may revoke such Order. 7. Nothing in these Regulations shall apply to domestic factories or domestic workshops. Regulations. ■ , ., 1. All apparatus and conductors shall be sufficient in size and pow^r for the work they are called upon to do, and so constructed, installed, protected, worked and maintained as to prevent danger so far as is reasonably practicable. 2. All conductors shall either be covered with insidating tnaterial, and further efficiently protected where necessary to prevent danger, or they shall be so placed and safeguarded as to prevent danger so far as is reasonably practicable. 3. Every switch, switch fuse, circuit-breaker,, and isolating link shall be : — (a) so constructed, placed, or protected as to prevent danger ; (b) so constructed and adjusted as accurately to make and to maintain good contact ; (c) provided with an efficient handle or other means of working, insulated from the system, and so arranged * The following Order dated May 20, 1911, has been made under Exemp- tion 6 :— In pursuance of Exemption 6 of the above Regulations, I hereby allow exemption from Regulations 17, 25 and 32 as regards the underground electrical stations constructed in pursuance of the following Orders made by the Board of Trade under the provisions of the Electric Lighting Acts, 1882 and 1888, namely :— The County of London (North) Electric Lighting Order, 1892 ; The Wandsworth Electric Lighting Order, 1892 ; The Southwark Electric Lighting Order, 1892 ; The St. Olave Electric Lighting Order, 1896 ; The Camberwell Electric Lighting Order, 1896 ; The St. Saviour's District Electric Lighting Order, 1896 ; The County of London (Northern Extensions) Electric Lighting Order, 1897 ; The Holbom and St. Giles Electric Lighting Order, 1898 ; The Battersea Electric Lighting Order, 1900 ; , The Croydon Rural Electric Lighting Order, 1905 ; being satisfied, that such, exemption is necessary on the ground of special circumstances. Provided that the said exemption shall only apply to such underground I'leotrical sub-stations aforesaid as conform to the following conditions : — (i) There shall be no system within the sub-station at- extra high pressure. , (ii) AH conductors at high pressure shall be normally so protected that they cannot be touched, (iii) All conductors at low or medium pressure (other than earthed con- ductors), which would otherwise be liable to be accidentally touched by a person on the ladder, shall be suitably guarded. > (iv) The power transformed shall not at any time exceed 150 kilowatts. W.S. ChwrchUl, One of His Majesty's -Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 20th May, 1911. 108 Regulations : — jiiectricity. that the hand cannot inadvertently touch live metal ; {d) so con- structed or arranged that it cannot accidentally fall or move into contact when left out of contact. 4. Every switch intended to be used for breaking a circuit and every circuit breaker shall be so constructed that it cannot with proper care be left in partial contact. This applies to each pole of double- pole or multipole switches or circuit-breakers. Every switch intended to be used ior breaking a circuit and every circuit-breaker shall be so constructed that an arc cannot accidentally be maintained. 5. Every fuse and every automatic circuit-breaker used instead thereof, shall be so constructed and arranged as effectively to interrupt the current before it so exceeds the working rate as to involve danger. It shall be of such construction or be so guarded or placed as to prevent danger from over-heating, or from arcing or the scattering of hot metal or other substance when it comes into operation. Every fuse shall be either of such construction or so protected by a switch that the fusible metal may be readily renewed without danger. 6. Every electrical joint and connection shall be of proper con- struction as regards conductivity,, insulation, mechanical strength and protection. 7. Efficient means, suitably located, shall be provided for cutting ofE all pressure from every part of a system, as may be necessary to prevent danger. 8. Efficient means suitably located shall be provided for protecting from excess of current every part of a system, as may be necessary to prevent danger. 9. Where one of the conductors of a system is coimected to earth, no single-pole switch, other than a link for testing purposes or a switch for use in controlling a generator, shall be placed in such conductor or any branch thereof. A switch, or automatic or other cut-out may, however, be placed in the connection between the conductor and earth at the generating station, for use in testing and emergencies only. 10. Where one of the main conductors of a system is hare and uninsulated, such as a hare return of a concentric system, no switch, fuse, or circuit-breaker shall be placed in that conductor, or in any ■conductor connected thereto, and the said conductor shall be earthed. Nevertheless, switches, fuses, or circuit-breakers may be used to break the connection with the generators or transformers supplying the power ; provided that in no case of hare conductor the connection of the conductor with earth is thereby broken. 11. Every motor, converter and transformer shall be protected •by efficient means suitably placed, and so connected that all pressure may thereby be cut off from the motor, converter or transformer as the case may be, and from all apparatus in connection therewith ; ;provided, however, that where one point of the system is connected to earth, there shall be no obligation to disconnect on that side of the system which is connected to earth. 12. Every electrical motor shall be controlled by an efficient switch or switches for starting and stopping, so placed as to be easily worked bv the person in charge of the motor. Regulations : — Electricity. I0& In every place in which machines are being driven by any electrie motor, there shall be means at hand for either switching off the motor or stopping the machines if necessary to prevent danger. 13. Every flexible wire for portable wppa/ratiis, for alternating currents or for pressures above 150 volts direct current, shall be con- nected to the system either by efficient permanent joints or connections^ or by a properly constructed connector. In all cases where the person handling portable apparatus or pen- dant lamps with switches for alternating current, or pressures above ]50 volts direct current, would be liable to get a shock through a conducting floor or conducting work, or otherwise, if the metal work of the portable apparatus became charged, the metal work must be- efficiently earthed; and any flexible metallic covering of the con- ductors shall be itself efficiently earthed and. shall not itself be the only earth connection for the metal of the apparatus. And a amp- holder shall not be in metallic connection with the guard or other metal work of a portable lamp. In such places and in any place where the pressure exceeds lour pressure, the portable apparatus and its flexible wire shall be con- trolled by efficient means suitably located, and capable of cutting; off the pressure, and the metal work shall be efficiently earthed in- dependently of any flexible metallic cover of the conductors, and any such flexible covering shall itself be independently earthed. 14 The general arrangement of switchboards shall, so far a* reasonably practicable, be such that — (a) All parts which may have to be adjusted or handled are readily accessible ; (h) The course of every conductor may where necessary be readily traced ; (c) Conductors not arranged for connection to the same system,. are kept well apart, and can where necessary be readily distinguished ; {d) All bare conductors are so placed or protected as to prevent danger from accidental short circuit. 15. Every switchboard having bare conductors normally so exposed that they may be touched, shall, if not located in an area or areas set apart for the purposes thereof, where necessary be suitably fenced or enclosed. No person except an authorised person, or a person acting under his immediate supervision, shall for the purpose of carrying out his- duties have access to any part of an area so set apart. 16. All apparatus appertaining to a switchboard and requiring handling, shall so far as practicable be so placed or arranged as to be operated from the working platform of the switchboard, and all measuring instruments and indicators connected therewith shall, so- far as practicable, be so placed as to be observed from the working platform. If such apparatus be worked or observed from any other place, adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent da/nger. riO Regulations :-T-Liectricity, 17.- At the .working platform of every switchboard and in every switchboard passage-way, if there he bare, cond/uxstors exposed^ or arranged to be, exposed .'when fo'w so that they may be, touched,, there shall be a clear and unobstructed passage of ample width and height, with a firm and even floor. Adequate means of access, free from danger, shall be provided for every switchboard passage-way. The following provisions shall apply to all such switchboard working platforms and passage-ways constructed after January 1st, 1909, unless the bare conductors, whether overhead or at the sides of the passage-ways, are otherwise adequately protected against danger by divisions or screens or other suitable means :— (a) Those constructed for lo^-pressure and meddurnr-pressure ' switchboa%ds shall have a iclear -height of not less th&n 7 ft,, and aclear^width measured hora. bare: conduetw.oi not less . than 3 ft,,, . , " (6) ^hose constructed for high-pressure and ^xtra, high-p^e;Ssure switchboards, other than operating desks or panels working solely at low-pressure, shall have a clear height of not less than 8 ft.', 'and a clear width measured from bare eofidtcbtor of iiot less than 3 ft. 6 in. ' ' ' (c) Bare condualbrs shatll not be exposed on both sides of thfe switchboard passage-way tmleSs eil^her (i) the clear width of the passage is in the case of loiv-pressure and medium-pressure not less than 4 ft. 6 in., and in the case of high-pressure and lextra' high-pressure not less than 8 ft., in eiachcase measured between bare conductors, or (ii) the conductors on one side axe so guarded that they cannot be accidentally touched. 18. In every switchboard for high-pressure or extra high- pressure : — , . . , . (a) Every high-pressure and extra high-pressure conductor with- in reach from the working platform or in any switchboard passage-way shall be so placed or protected as adequately to prevent danger. (b) The ■metal cases of- all instruments working a.t' high-pressure or extra high-pressure shall be either earthed or completely enclosed with insulating covers. (c) rAll mstal- handlw- oi ' high-pressure and extra high-pressure switches, and, ^where jieeessaiy to 'prevent danger, all metal gear for working the switches, shall be earthed. (d) When work has to be doiieon any suntehboard, then, imless the switchboa/rdhe otherwise so. arranged as to secure that the work may- be carried; out without danger, either (i.) the switchboard shall be made dead, or (ii.) if the said switch- bodrd be so arranged that the conductors thereof can be made. dead in sections, and so separated by permanent or removable divisions or screens from all adjoining sections of which the conductors are live that work on any section may be carried out without danger, that section on which work has to be done shall be made dead. Regulations : — Electricity. "'Ill 19. -AH parts of generators, motors, transformers, or 'other similar apparatus, at high-pressure ot' extra' high-pressure,'' and within reach irom any position dn which any person employed may reG[uire to-'be, .shall be, so far as reasonably practicable, so protected as to prevent 20; Where a. high-pressu/re or extra high-pressure supply is tratiH- formed for use at a lovfex pressuir^, or energy is transformed up" to above low-pressure, suitable provision shall be made to guard against dmger by reason of the lower-pressure system becoming accidentally ■charged above itS' normal pressure by leakage or contact from- the higher-pressure system. - '• 21.:Where necessary to prevent £?a?i^er, adequate precautions shall be taken either by emlhing oi byother suitable means to prevent any metal other, than the conductor from becoming electrically charged. 22. Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent any conducfiir or -appwratus from being accidentally or inadvertently electrically charged when persons are working thereon, ' 23. Where necessary adequately to prevent danger, insulating standi or screens shall be provided and kept permanently in position, and shall be maintained in sound condition.' 24. Portable insulating stands, .screens, hoots, gloves, or other suitable^ means ishaU be provided and iised when , necessary adequately to. prevent' dajjgie*',, and , shall ibe. periodically examined • by an authcyrised person. . , r, >. 25. Adequate Working space and means of access, free -from dartg'er, shall be provided for all apparatus that has to be worked Or- attended to by any person. 26., All those parts of premises in which apparatus is placed shall be adequately lighted to prevent danger. 27. All conductors and apparatus exposed to the weather, wet, corrosion, inflanomable surroundings or explosive atmosphere, or used in any process or for any special purpose other than for hghting or power; shall be so constructed or protected, and such special pre- cautions shall be taken, as may be necessary adequately to prevent dangler, in view of such exposure or use. i — ,, . . r .■ 28. Nb person except an duthdrised' person or a competent person acting under his immediate supervision shall midertake any work where technical knowledge or experience is required in order adequately to avoid danger ; and no person shall work alone in any. case in which the Secretary of State directs that he shall not. No person except an "authorised person, or a competent person ovei- 21 years of age acting under his immediate supervision, shall undertake any repair, altera- tion, extension, cleaning, or such work where technical knowledge or experience is required in order to avoid danger, ' and no one shall do such work unaccompanied. Where a contractor is employed, and the danger to be avoided is under his control, the contractor shall appoint the authorised person. 112 Regulations : — Nitro- and Amido ^^^..atives of Benzene. but if the danger to be avoided is under the control of the occupier, the occupier shall appoint the authorised person. 29. InStructipns as to the treatment of persons suffering from electric shock shall be affixed in all premises where electrical energy- is generated, transformed, or used above low pressu/re; and in such premises, or classes of premises, in which electrical energy is generated, transformed or used at low pressure, as the Secretary of State may direct. 30. Every sub-station shall be substantially constructed, and shall be so arranged that no person other than an authorised person can obtain access thereto otherwise than by the proper entrance, or can interfere with the apparatus or conductors therein from outside ; and shall be provided with efficient means of ventilation and be kept dry. 31. Every sub-station shall be under the control of an authorised person, and none but an authorised person or a person acting under his immediate supervision shall enter any part thereof where there may be danger. 32. Every underground sub-station not otherwise easily and safely accessible shall be provided with adequate means of access by a door or trap-door, with a staircase or ladder securelv fixed and so placed that no live part of any switchboard or any bare conductor shall be within reach of a person thereon : Provided however that the means of access to such sub-station shall be by a doorway and staircase (a) if any person is regularly employed therein, otherwise than for inspection or cleaning, or (6) if the sub-station is not of ample dimen- sions and there is therein either moving machinery other than ven- tilating fans, or extra high pressure. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23rd December, 1908. *FoR THE Manufacture or Nitro- and Amido-derivatives op Benzene, and the Manufacture of Explosives \\aTH use of DiNITROBENZOL OR DiNITROTOLUOL. 1908. No. 1310. Whereas the manufacture of nitro- and amido-derivatives of benzene, and the manufacture of explosives with use of dinitrobenzol or dinitrotoluol, have been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous ; I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to * These Regulations were gazetted January 1, 1909, t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. Eegulations : — Nitro- and Amido-derivatives of Benzene. 113 all factories and workshops in which the said manufactures are carried on. Provided that Regulations 1 (o), 2, 3, 4, and 14 (c) shall not apply to any process in the manufacture of explosives in wluch dinitrobenzol is not used. * Definitions. "Emjiloyed" means employed in any process mentioned in the Schedules. " Sti/rgeon " means the Certifying Factory Surgeon of the District, or a duly qualified medical practitioner appointed by written certifi- cate of the Chief Inspector of Factories, which appointment shall be subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate. " Suspension " means suspension by written certificate in the Health IRegister, signed by the Surgeon, from employment in any process anentioned in the Schedules. Didies. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these Hegulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part TI. of these Regulations. Part I. Duties of Occupiers. 1. — (a) Every vessel containing any substance named in Schedules A or B shall, if steam is passed into or around it, or if the temperature of the contents be at or above the temperature of boiling water, be covered in such a way that no steam or vapour shall be discharged into the open air at a less height than twenty feet above the heads of the workers. (6) In every room in which fumes from any substance named in Schedules A or B are evolved in the process of manufacture and are not removed as above, adequate through ventilation shall be maintained by a fan or other efficient means. 2. No substance named in Schedule A shall be broken by hand in a crystallising pan, nor shall any liquor containing it be agitated by hand, except by means of an implement at least 6 feet long. 3. No substance named in Schedule A shall be crushed, ground, or mixed in the crystalline condition, and no cartridge filling shall be done, except with an efficient exhaust draught so arranged as to carr}' away the dust as near as possible to the point of origin. 4. Cartridges shall not be filled by hand except by means of a suitable scoop. 5. Every drying stove shall be efficiently ventilated to the outside air in such manner that hot air from the stove shall not be drawn into any workroom. No person shall be allowed to enter a stove to remove the contents until a free current of air has been passed through it. 6. A Health Register, containing the names of all persons employed, shall be kept in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories. * Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. {b247— (5p. 15) I 114 Regulations: — Nitro- and Amido-uenvatives of Benzene. 7. No person shall be newly empfoye^ for more than a fortnight without a certificate of fitness granted after examination by the Surgeon by signed entry in the Health Register. 8. Every person employed shall be examined by the Suirgetm once in each calendar month (or at such other intervals as may be pre- scribed in writing by the Chief Inspector of Factories) on a date of which due notice shall be given to all concerned. 9. The Surgeon shall have power of suspension as regards. all per- sons employed, and no person after suspension shall be employed without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in the Health Register. 10. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons . employed — (o) suitable overalls or suits of working clothes which shall be collected at the end of every day's work, and (in the case of overalls) washed or renewed at least once every week ; and (6) a suitable meal room, separate from any room in which a process mentiolied in the Schedules is carried on, unless the works are closed during meal hours ; and (c) a suitable cloakroom for clothing put ofE during working hours ; and (d) a suitable place, separate from the cloakroom and meal room, for the storage of the overalls ; For the use of all persons handling substances named in the Schedules — ' (e) india-rubber gloves, which shall be collected, examined, and cleansed, at the close of the day's work and shall be repaired . or renewed when defective, or other equivalent protection for the hands against contact ; For the use of all persons employed in processes mentioned in Schedule A — (/) clogs or other suitable protective footwear. . 11. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good repair for the use of all persons em/iployed : — A lavatory under cover, with a sufficient supply of clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and with either : — (a) a trough with a smooth impervious surface, fitted with a waste pipe without plug, and of such length as to allow at least two feet for every five suph persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than two feet ; or (6; at least one lavatory basin for every five such per- sons, fitted with a waste pipe and plug or placed in a trough having a waste pipe, and having either a constant supply of hot and cold water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not reasonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on and a supply of bpt water always at hand when required for use by persons employed; Regulations :— Nitro- and Amido-derivatives of Benzene. 115 For the use of all persons employed in processes mentioned in Schedules A and B — (c) sufficient and suitable bath accommodation (douche or other), with hot and cold water laid on and a sufficient supply of soap and towels. Provided that the Chief Inspector may in any particular case approve of the use of public baths, if conveniently near, xmder the conditions (if any) named in such approval. 12. No person shall be allowed to introduce; keep,;i prepare, or partake of any food, drink, or tobacco in any room in which a process mentioned in the Schedules "is carried on. Part II. Duties of Persons Employed. 13. Every person employed shall : — (a) present himself at the appointed time for examination by the Surgeon as provided in Regulation 8 ; j (b) wear the overalls or suit of working clothes provided under Regulation 10 (a), and deposit them, and clothing put off during working hours, in the places provided under Regula- tion 10 (c) and {d) ; (c) use the.protective appliances supphed in respect of any process in which he is engaged ;' (d) carefully clean the hands before partaking of "any food or i leaving the premises ; ' (3)- take a bath at least once a week, and when' the materials mentioned in the Schedules have been spilt on the clothing so as to wet the skin. Provided that (e) shall not apply to persons employed in processes mentioned in Schedule C, nor to persons exempted by signed entry of the Surgeon in the Health Register. 14. No person employed shall : — - (a) after suspension, work in any process mentioned in the Schedules without written sanction from the Surgeon enteied : in the Health Register ; (6) introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink, or tobacco, in any room in which a process nientiaaed in the Schedules' is carried on ; (c) break by hand in a crystallising pan any; substance named in Schedule A, or agitate any liquor containing it by hand, , lexcept by means of an implement at least .6 feet long ; - - (d) interfere in any way, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means arid appliances provided for the removal of the fumes and dust, and for the carrying out of these Regulations. - H. J. Gladstone, i One of His Majesty's Priiicipal ' " . " - Secretaries of Statue. Home Office, Whitehall, - ,30thi Decembers 1908., . (b247— Gp. 15) I 2 116 Regulations :— Tinning. Schedules, A. Frooesses in the manufacture of : — Dinitrobenzol. Dinitrotoluol. Trinitrotoluol, Paranitrochlorbenzol, B. Frooesses in the manufacture of : — Anilin Oil. Anilin hydrochloride, C. Any process in the manufacture of explosives with use of dinitrobenzol or dinitrotoluol. *FoB THE Tinning of Metal Hollow-ware, Iron Drums, and Harness Furniture. 1909. No. 720. Whereas the coating of metal articles with a naixture of tin and lead, or lead alone, has been certified in pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f to be dangerous ; I hereby in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that- Act make the following Regulations and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops where tmning is carried on in the manufacture of metal hollow-ware, iron drums, and harness furniture. Provided that these Regulations shall not apply to : — {a) Any process in silver plating. (6) Any process in which a soldering iron is used, (c) Any other process if and so far as it is exempted by written certificate of the Chief Inspector of Factories, on the ground that he is satisfied that any of these Regulations are not required for the protection of the persons employed, by reason of the intermittency or infrequency of the tinning or other special circumstances. Any such certificate of exemption shall be subject to the conditions therein prescribed and maybe revoked at any time. These Regulations shall come into force on October 1st, 1909, except that Regulation 1 shall come into force on April 1st, 1910. X Definitions. In these Regulations : — " Tinning '' means the dipping and wiping of any metal in the process of coating, it with a mixture of tin and lead or lead alone where hydrochlonc acid or any salt of that acid is used. * These fiegulations were gazetted July 2, 1909. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. % Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throoghont in italics. Regulations : — Tinning, 117 " MoiMing," " Denting," and " Scouring " mean the mounting, denting and scouring of hollow-ware articles tinned on the outer surface. " Surgeon " means the Certifying Factory Surgeon of the District or a duly qualified medical practitioner appointed by written certificate of the Chief Inspector of Factories, which appointment shall be subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate. " Sus'pension " means suspension from employment in tinning by written certificate in the Health Register, signed by the Surgeon. " Efficient Draught " means localised ventilation efiected by heat or mechanical means for the removal of fumes or dust so as to prevent them as far as practicable from escaping into the air of any room in which work is carried on. No draught shall be deemed efficient which fails so to remove smoke-, generated at the point where such fumes or dust originate. Duties. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part I. of these. Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to observe Part II. of.; these Regulations. Part I. Duties of Employers. 1. No tinning shall be carried on except under an efficient draught. The article to be tinned shall not be removed from such draught from the time when dipping is commenced until wiping is completed. This Regulation shall not apply to the wiping of sheet metal 18 inches or more in length, where the person employed is wiping such sheet metal for his own use in some other process of his work. 2. No person imder 16 years of age shall be employed in tinning. 3. The skimmings from the dipping bath shall not be removed from under the efficient draught until they have been placed in a. covered receptacle. When removed they shall "not be deposited in any room in which work is carried on. 4. The dust and refuse collected from the floor shall not be deposited in any room in which work is carried on. 5. A Health Register containing the names of all persons employed in tinning shall be kept in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories. 6. Every person employed in tinning shall be examined by the Surgeon once in every three months (or at such shorter or longer intervals as may be prescribed in writing by the Chief Inspector of Factories) on a day of which due notice shall be given to all concerned. 118 Regidations :— Tinning. ' The Surgeon shall have the power of siispension as regards all persons eraployed in tinnmff, and no siich person after suspension shall be employed in tinning without written sanction from the Surgeon enteiM in the Health Register. 7. There shall be provided for the use of all women employed in (a) a cloak-room, or other siiitable place, separate from any room in which work is carried on, for clothmg put ofi during working hours ; (b) aprons or other equivalent protection. 8. There, shall be provided for the use of all persons employed in tinning, mounting, denting, or scouring, a room separate from any room in which such work is carried on, where such persons may have meals, unless the works are closed during meal hours. 9. There shall be provided and maintained in a cleanly state and good repair for the use of all persons employed in tinning, mounting, denting, or scouring, a lavatory, under cover, with a sufficient supply pi clean towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, acd with •either : — (a) A trough with a smooth impervious surface, fitted with a waste pipe without plug, and of such length as to allow at least two feet for every five persons, and having a constant supply of warm water from taps or jets above the trough at intervals of not more than two feet ; or, (b) At least one lavatory' basin for every five such persons, fitted with a waste pipe and plug, and having either a constant supply of hot and cold water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not reasonably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on, and a supply of hot water always at hand when required for use by persons employed. Paet II. Duties of Persons Employed, 10. Every pereon employed in tinning shall present himself at the appointed time for examination by the Surgeon as provided in Regulation 6. 11. No person employed in tinning shall : — (a) After suspension, work SLt^tinning without written sanction from the Surgeon entered in the Health Register ; or, (b) Interfere in any w,ay, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided for the removal of dust or fumes, and for the carrying out of these Regulations. 12. Every person employed in tinning, mounting, denting, or scouring shall wash the hands before partaking 'of fo6d 6r leaving the premises. Regulations :^Grihding of Metals aad Racing of 119 Grindstones. • 13. No person employed in tinning, mounting, denting, or scouring shall keep or prepare or partake of any food or alcoholic drink in any room in which such work is carried on. H. J. Gladstone, . One of HisMajesty^s Principal Secretaries of State, . Home Office, Whitehall, 30th June, 1909. ♦For the Grinding op Metals and Racing op Grindstones. 1909. No. 1155. In pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the fpllowing Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories (including tenement factories and tenements thereof in which no person is employed by the occupier) in which is carried on any manufacture- or process included in Schedule 1, but only so far as concerns such mamifacture or process. Provided that nothing in these Regulations shall apply to any manufacture or process carried on without the aid of steam, water or other mechanical power. %Def,niiion. • For the purposes of these Regulations : — Dr'y Grinding means the dry abrasion of metal, by means of a grindstone, or of a grinding wheel made of Compressed emery or other similar composition. Duties. It shall be the duty of the occupier to provide and maintain the appliances required for the purposes of Regulation 1, and the respirators or other appliances, as the case may be, required for the purposes of Regulation 2, and to comply with Regulation 3 (a) and (c). ., Provided that if any room in a tenement factory shall be in the occupation of one person, on a half-yearly or longer tenancy, and that person shall, by agreement in writing with the occupier of such factory, undertake the whole or any of the above duties in respect of that room, such person shall, to the extent of such agreement, be substituted for the occupier, provided always that a copy of such agreement shall be kept attached to the General Register. It shall be the duty of every person who is employed or engaged upon any work of dfi/ grinding or of racing to make full and proper * These Regulations were gazetted October 19, 1909. t 'l Mw. 7, 0. 22. t -The t«rm" dry grirding " 'to which a defined meaning is given is printed throughout in italics. ; 120 Regulations : — Grinding of Metals and Bacing of Grindstones. use of the appliances provided for any of the purposes of these Regulations, and to keep such appliances, so far as they are under his control, in a cleanly state and free from obstruction, and to report forthwith to the occupier, owner or manager any defect in the same. All the workmen employed or engaged in any room to which these Regulations apply upon any work whatsoever shall be jointly and severally responsible for the due carrying out of Regidation 3 (b) and (d) and also of Regulation 2 (c), and shall be severally responsible for the due carrying out of Regulation 3 (e). Every occupier and manager of any factory to which these Regula- tions apply shall be bound to observe the same, and every person employed or engaged in any such factory shall be so bound, except in so far as any duty is hereinbefore expressly imposed on any other person. In the application of these Regulations to tenement factories the owner or other person supplying the power shall for all the purposes aforesaid be substituted for the occupier, and so far as is necessary for such purposes the special regulations contained in section 87 of the. aforesaid Act shall be modified or extended. 1. No dry grinding and no finishing process, other than crocus polishing, included in Schedule 2 shall be done without the use of adequate appliances for the interception of the dust, as near as possible to the point of origin thereof, having regard to the nature and necessities of the process carried on, and for its removal and disposal so that it shall not enter any occupied room, and for the purposes of this Regulation, the appliances shall not be deemed adequate unless they either include — (a) A hood, or other appliance, so constructed, .arranged and placed as substantially to intercept the dust thrown off ; and (b) A duct of adequate -size, air-tight and so arranged as to be capable of carryinig away the dust, which duct shall be provided with proper means of access for inspection and cleaning, and shall be kept free from obstruction ; and (c) A fan or other efficient means of producing a draught sufficient to extract the dust ; or are such as, in the case of the particular factory or part thereof, or of the particular manufacture, process or operation in or for which they are used, shall be proved to be at least as effectual for such interception, removal and disposal as such hood, duct and fan would be. 2. The following precautions shall be observed in the racing of grindstones : — (a) Suitable respirators shall be worn by all persons employed or engaged in racing, whether in a room or in the open air ; and Regulatious :— Grinding of Metals and Racing of 121 Grindstones. (6) No persons shall do any work other than racing in a room in which racing is carried on, either at the time of racing or at any time thereafter, until such cleansing as is next herein- after mentioned shall have been done, except work required for the purposes of cleansing ; and (c) A sufficient interval after racing in a room shall first be allowed for the dust to subside, and then the floor, belt races, and uncovered part of the machinery and tools shall be cleansed in like manner as in Regulation 3 (6) provided. Provided always that the above precautions need not be observed in case adequate appliances shall be used to prevent the escape of duBt into the room, whether by means of a cover and exhaust draught, or by means of a stream of water directed upon the point of contact of the racing tool with the grindstone, or by other equivalent means. - 3. In every room in which is carried on any wet grinding, dry grinding, or the racing of grindstones, or any process included in Schedule 2— (a) The floor and belt races shall be firm and capable of being cleansed ; and in the case of new buildings or extensions shall be water-tight ; (6) The floor, belt races, and uncovered parts of the machinery and tools shall at least once in each week, on a fixed day, be thoroughly cleansed from dust, and for the purpose of such cleansing the floor and belt races shall be damped or otherwise treated to prevent dust from rising ; (c) The walls and ceiling or top (whether they be plastered or not) shall, if they have not been painted with oil or var- nished once at least within seven years, be limewashed once at least every fourteen months, to date from the time when they were last limewashed ; and if they have been so painted or varnished, shall be washed with hot water and soap once at least every fourteen months, to date from the- time when they were last washed ; (d) The windows shall be kept thoroughly clean ; (e) Each workman on finishing work for the day shall leave his workplace free from dust, and shall also cleanse the same from dust after every racing that shall be done in the room. Exemftions. If at any time it shall be shown to the satisfaction of the Secretary of State in the case of any manufacture or process or any operation forming part thereof that either — (a) Dust is not created to an extent injurious to health ; oc 122 Regulations :— Grinding o£ Metals and Racing of Grindstones. (6) Injury to health is adequately prevented by p|;her appliances, or under other conditions than those prescribed by these Regulations ; or (c) The application of these Regulations, or some part thereof, would for any reason be impracticable, the Seqretary of State may by Order exempt such manufacture or process from the whole or any part of these Regulations, and either absoljitely or subject to such conditions as may in such Order be prescribed, and may at any time amend or revoke such Order. Time of Operation. Regulations 2 and 3 shall come into force on the 1st day of December, 1909, and Regulation 1 on the 1st day of June, 1910. Provided always that if at any time before the last-mentioned day it shall be shown to the satisfaction of the Chief Inspector of Factories that the occupier of any factory has endeavoured in good faith to carry out any- work of construction required for the purposes of Regulation 1 by such day, but has been and will be prevented from so doing by causes beyond his control, and that he has made effectual arrangements for carrying out the same without unnecessary delay, the said Chief Inspector may by certificate in writing extend the time, so far as relates to such works in such factory for any period not exceeding twelve months which he may think fit, and for su6h purpose may take into account the character of any provisional arrangements made for protecting the health of the workmen, and also the days on which the factory is ordinarily closed for holidays. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 15th October, 1909. Schedvle 1. Every manufacture or process in the manufacture of — (a) Cutlery (including swords, bayonets, files, and saws). (6) Tools, or cutting or piercing instruments, of iron or steel ; except (1) The manufacture, repair or siiarpemns of saws, tools, or instru- ments for use in machines for the cutting or woridng of metals, or for use in the factory or A)r the purposes of the work thereof ; (2) The manufacture of needles, pins, and fish-hooks. Schedule 2. The processes of — Dry rough glazing in which emery or other similar abrading material is used without the admixture of grease ; Any other finishing process, involving the abrasion of metal, in which dust is created to an extent injurious to he$) The head-coverings provided in accordance with Re- gulation 4, shall be worn in such a manner as efEectually to protect the hair from dust, and the hair must be so arranged as to permit of this. '(*) (I) (c) The overalls, head-coverings, and aprons, when not being worn, and clothing put off during working hours, shall be ;154 Regulations : — Pottery. deposited in the respective places provided by the occupier for such purposes under these Regulations, (d) Respirators shall be worn as required by Regulation 8. 31. Food. (*) {%) ('*) No person shall introduce, keep, prepare, or partake of any food, drink, or tobacco, or remain during meal-times in any place in which is carried on any process included in the Schedule, or the process of towing, or the process of tile-making by the coni- pression of dust, or any other process which the Inspector of Factories •for the district shall certify as sufficiently dusty to render the room in which it is carried on an unsuitable place, in his opinion, for persons to remain during meal-times. (*) (t) (^) Every worker for wh,om milk or cocoa is provided in accordance with Regulation 6 shall drink the same, unless a medical certificate is produced showing cause for exemption from this requirement. 32. Ventilation. — Dust. No person shall in any way interfere, without the knowledge and concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means and appliances provided by the employers for ventilation, and for the removal of dust. 33. Washing. (*) {%) (<") No person employed in any process included in the Schedule shall leave the works or partake of meals without prcAnously and carefully cleaning and washing his or her hands. (*) (t) (^) No person employed shall remove or damage the washing basins or conveniences provided imder these Regulations. 34. Cleaning of Work Places. The persons appointed by the occupiers shall clean the several floors, walls, work benches, appliances and other objects regularly as prescribed in these Regulations. 35. Boards. * {a) The boards used in the dipping house, dippers' drying room, or glost placing shop shall not be used in any other department, except after being cleaned, as directed in Regulation 17. * (6) No board on which dipped ware has been placed shall be used for a second set of dipped articles imtil it has been thoroughly cleaned, in accordance with Regulation 17. Where a convenient grid or other suitable contrivance is provided for depositing such boards after use and before being cleaned, the worker who has removed the ware from any such board shall place the board thereon. (*) (c) Boards which are marked for use in lead processes shall not be used in any department unless they have been thoroughly cleaned, and shall not be used in the clay departments under any circumstances. Regulations I'^Chromate and Bichromate of Potassium or Soflium. 155 36. Avoidance of Dust, t&c. Every worker shall so conduct liis or her work as to comply strictly with these Regulations, and to avoid, as far as practicable, making or scattering dust, or refuse, or causing, accumulation of such. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Home Office, Secretaries of State. Whitehall. 2nd January, 1913. Schedule, Part I. — Lead Pkockssbs. * (a) Making or mixing of frits, glazes, or colours containing lead. * (5) Dipping or other process carried on in the dipping house. * (c) Application of majolica, or other glaze, by blowing, painting, or any other process except dipping. * (d) Drying after the application of glaze by dipping, blowing, painting, or other process. * (e) Ware cleaning after the application of glaze by dipping, blowing, painting, or other process. * (/) Placing of ware on cranks or similar articles prior to their transfer to saggers or Idlns for the glost firing. * (gr) Glost placing. i (h) Washing of saggers with a wash which yields to dilute hydrochlorie acid more than five per cent, of its dry weight of a soluble lead compound calculated as lead monoxide w^en determined in the manner described in the definition of lota solvhility glaze. % (k) Preparation, or weighing-out, of f.oio material. % (l) Ground laying, including the \iiping ofi of colour after this process. X (m). Colour dusting T whether on-glaze or under-glaze, including the > wiping off of colour after either of these pro- X (re) Colour blowing J cesses. X (o) Colour grinding for colour blowers. X ip) Lithographic transfer making. { {q) Any other process in which materials containing lead are used or handled in the dry state, or in the form of spray, or in suspension in liquid other than oil or similar medium ; provided that the stopping of biscuit iiare with a material containing lead shall not be deemed to be a process included in this schedule. Paet II. — Other Processes. X (r) Scouring of biscuit ware which has been fired in powdered flint. X [s) Emptying of biscuit ware which has been fired in powdered flint from the baskets or other receptacles in which it has been conveyed to the biscnit warehouse or scouring shop. *FOB THE MANUFACTUEB OF ChROMATE AND BiCHEOMATB OF Potassium OR Sodium. 1913, No. 844. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901t, I hereby make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops or parts thereof in which is carried on the manufacture of ohromate or bichromate of potassium or sodium. These Regulations shall come into force on 1st September, 1913. * These Regulations were gazetted August 15, 1913. f 1 Erlw. 7, c. 22. 15G Regulations : — Chromate and Bichromate of Potassium or Sodium. J Definitions. In these Regulations : — " Chrome process " means manipulation, movement or other treatment of chromate or bichromate of potassium or sodium. ■" Surgeon " means the Certifying Factory Surgeon of the district or a duly qualified medical practitioner appointed by written certificate of the Chief Inspector of Factories, which appoint- ment shall be subject to such conditions as may be specified in that certificate. ■" Susfension " means suspension from employment in any chrome process by written certificate in the Health Register signed by the Surgeon, who shall have power of suspension as regards all persons employed in any chrome process. ■*' Efficient exhaust draught " means localised ventilation effected by heat or mechanical means, for the removal of steam or dust so as to prevent them from escaping into the air of any place in which work is carried on. Duties. It shall be the duty of the occupier to observe Part 1. of these Kegulations. It shall be the duty of every person employed to observe Part II. «of these Regulations. PaH I. — Duties of Occupiers. 1. With regard to every uncovered fixed vessel, whether pot, pan, vat, or other structure, containing any corrosive liquid : — (a) Bach such vessel shall, unless its edge is at least 3 feet above the adjoining ground or platform, be securely fenced ; (6) For the purposes of paragraph {a) of this Regulation no fencing shall be deemed to be secure imless it extends to a height of at least 3 feet above the adjoining ground or platform : provided however that Paragraph (b) of this Regulation shall not apply — (i) to any vessel constructed before 1st January, 1899 ; or (ii) where a height of 3 feet is impracticable by reason of the nature of the work to be carried on ; (c) No. plank or gangway shall be placed across any such vessel unless such plank or gangway is — (i) at least 18 inches wide ; and (ii) securely fenced on both sides ; either by upper and lower rails, to a height of 3 feet, or by other equally e£&cient means ; {d) Where such vessels adjoin, and the space between them either — (i) affords foothold, and is not fenced as in paragraph (c) (ii) of this Regulation, or (ii) is less than 18 inches in width, clear of any brick or other work surrounding them, a secure barrier shall be so placed as to prevent passage between them. J Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout the Regulations in italics. Regulations :— Chromate and Bichromate of Potassium or Sodium. 15T 2. All dangerous places near to which persons are employed or near to which they have to pass, shall be efficiently lighted by day and night. 3. Grinding, unless done with slow moving edge runners, and sieving the raw materials, evaporating, and packing shall not be- carried on except either — (a) with an efficient exhaust draught; or (6) in such manner as will prevent escape of dust or fume into the air of any place at which work is carried on. 4. No person under 18 years of age and no female shall be employed in any chrome process. 5. — (a) Every person employed in a chrome process shall be ex- amined by the Surgeon once in every calendar month on a date, or dates, of which due notice shall be given. The Swgeon shall imder- take any necessary medical treatment of lesions contracted in con- sequence of such emplo)Tnent. (b) A Health Register containing the names of all persons employed in any chrome process shall be kept in a form approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories. (c) No person after suspension shall be employed in any chrome process without written sanction from the Surgeon, entered in the Health Register. 6. Requisites (approved by the Surgeon) for treating slight wounds: and ulcers shall be kept at hand and be placed in charge of a responsible person. 7. There shall be provided — (a) sufficient and suitable overall suits for the use of all persons; engaged in grinding the raw. materials, which overall suits-. shall be washed, cleaned or irenewed at least once every week ; and (6) sufficient and suitable protective coverings for the use of all persons engaged in the crystal department and in packing. 8. There shall be provided suitable respirators for the use of alt persons employed in packing bichromate of potassimn or sodium ; which respirators shall be washed or renewed at least once every day. 9. There shall be provided and maintained for the use of all persons employed in any chrome process — (a)' a suitable meal room ; (h) a suitable place or places for clothing put off during working hours ; and (c) a suitable place or places for the storage of overall suits pro- vided in pursuance of Regulation 7 (a) ; which place or places: shall be separate from that required by paragraph {a) of thi* Regulation. 10. There shall be prbvided and maintained in a cleanly state and in good repair for the use of all persons employed in any chrome process — (a) a lavatory, under cover, with a sufficient supply of cleaa towels, renewed daily, and of soap and nail brushes, and with either — (i) a trough with a smooth impervious surface fitted with a waste-pipe, without plug, and of sufficient- length as to allow of at least two feet for every fi-ve- such persons employed at any one time, and having 158 Eegulationa :-T-Chromate and Bichromate of Potassium or Sodium. a constant, supply of warm water from taps or jets : ,,. , above, "the, trough at intervals of not more tha,ni two feet ; or (ii) at least one lavatory basin for every five such per- sons employed at any one time, fitted with a waste- pipe and plug, and. having either a constant supply of hot and cold water or warm water laid on, or (if a constant supply of heated water be not reason- ably practicable) a constant supply of cold water laid on, and a supply of hot water always at hand when required for use by such persons ; and for the use of all persons employed in the crystal department or in patoking— » ■ (b) sufficient and suitable bath accommodation with hot and cold water laid on and a sufficient supply of soap and towels. .' 11. A Bath Kegister shall be kept containing a list of all persons employed in the crystal department and packing, and an entry of the date when each person takes a bath. Part II. — Duties of Persons Employed. 12. Every person employed in a chrome process shall present him- self at the appointed time for examination by the Surgeon, in pursuance of Regulation 5 (a). 13. No person employed shall, after suspension, work in any chrome process without written sanction from the Surgeon, entered in the Health Register. 14. Every person employed in any chrome process shall deposit in the place or places provided in pursuance of Regulatipn 9 (6) all clothing put of! during working hours. ' 15., Every person for whose use an overall suit is provided in pur- suance of Regulation,? (a) shall wear the overall suit when employed in grinding the raw materials, and, on leaving the premises, deposit it in the place provided under Regulation 9 (c). 16. Every person for whose use a respirator is provided in pursuance of Regulation 8 shall wear the respirator while employed in packing. 17. Every person employed in grinding the raw materials, or in the crystal department, or in packing, shall, before leaving the premises, thoroughly wash the face and hands. 18. Every person employed in the crystal department or in packing shall take a bath at the factory at least once a week; and, having done so, he shall at once sign his name in the Bath Register with the date ; provided that This Regulation shall not apply in the case of a worlanan who is unwell. 19. No person shall take a meal in the crystal department. 20. No person employed shall interfere in any way, without the concurrence of the occupier or manager, with the means provided for the carrying out of these Regulations. n , J?. McKmna, One of His Majesty's Principal Whitehall, Secretaries of State. 9th August, 1913. Regulations:— Construction an'd Repair of Ships. 159 ♦For the Construction and Repair of Ships in Shipbuilding Yards. 1914, No. 461. In pursuance of Section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Aet, 1901,t I hereby make the following Regulations and direct that they shall apply to the construction and repair of ships in shipbuilding yards. Provided that these Regulations shall not apply to the construction or repair of a ship not exceeding 150 feet in length measured from the fore part of the stem to the after part of the stem-post, on the range of the upper deck be9,inSj except in awning or shelter deck vessels, in which cases the length is to be measured on the range of the deck beams next below the awning or shelter deck. These, Regulations shall come into force on the 1st May, 1914, It shall be the duty of the occupier to comply with Part I. of these Regulations. It shall be the duty of all persons employed to comply with Part II. of these Regulations. Part I. — Duties of Occupiers. 1. A sufficient supply of sound and substantial material shall be available in a convenient place or places for the construction of all stages. 2. All uprights, thwarts and other supports used for the erection of stages, and as far as reasonably practicable the stages themselves, shall be erected by competent persons specially but not necessarily exclusively employed for that purpose by the occupier : Provided that this part of the Regulation shall, not apply to such adjustment or shifting of the staging from time to time by any workman as may be necessary to meet the varying requirements of his work. AH stages shall be securely constructed of soimd and substantial material, and shall be of sufficient width, as is reasonable in all the circumstances of the case, to secure the safety of the persons working thereon. 3. When any plank or planks forming a stage extend less than one foot beyond the inside edge of the support upon which they rest they shall be .securely fastened to prevent slipping. 4. The main gangway giving access to the upper parts of the ship shall be securely protected by upper and lower hand-rails on each side ; and there shall be safe means of access to all places in which any person is required to be employed. * These Regulations were gazetted April 10, 1914. t 1 Edw 7, c. 22. 160 Eegalations :— Consfcruction and Repair of Ships. 5. All ladders used shall be of sound material and of sufficient length to give safe access to the part they are intended to reach. They shall be maintained in good condition and be adequately secured to prevent slipping. 6. All ventilator holes, manholes and dangerous parts of other openings in decks shall be provided with temporary covers in good repair, or other sufficient protection, which shall be maintained in position except when necessarily removed in the course of work, .7. All parts of a ship on which work is being carried on, and the approaches to such parts, shall be efficiently lighted in such manner as is reasonable in all the circumstances of the case to secure the safety of the persons employed. If portable lamps, including hand lamps carried by the workmen, are used for any part of such lighting they shall be maintained in good condition. Oil lamps shall be provided with properly fitting screw lids or stoppers. 8. When a stage has to be dismantled and in all cases where materials or articles have to be lowered from a height, adequate precautions shall be taken to secure the safety of persons employed or passing below. 9. Suitable means of removing injured persons from the place of accident shall be provided, and suitable arrangements shall be made for first aid treatment, 10. A competent person or persons shall be appointed to exercise supervision with regard to the requirements of these Regulations, and to enforce the observance of them. Part II.— Duties of Persons Employed. [11. Every person employed who becomes aware of any defect in the plant or gear which he is using or may be required to use shall forthwith report the same to the occupier or his manager or foreman or any person appointed in pursuance of Regulation 10. 12. No, person employed shall leave any loose articles or materials lying about in any place from which they may fall on persons working or passing. 13. No person employed shall throw down tools, planks, or loose material from the stages, decks or other parts of the vessel, without observing the precautions required in pursuance of Regulation 8. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 4th April, 1914. Regulations :— Ciushing, Grinding and Sieving of 161 Refractory Materials, &c. *EoR THE Crushing, Grinding and Sieving op Refractory Materials, and other Processes involving the Manipulation OF such Materials. 1919. No. 514. Whereas the processes of crushing, grinding, and sieving of refractory materials containing not less than 80 per cent, of silica (Si Oa), and any prepesses involving the manipulation of such materials in the manufacture of bricks or other articles containing not less than 80 per cent, of sihca (Si Oa), have been certified in pursuance of section 79 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t to be dangerous ; I hereby, in pursuance of the powers conferred on me by that Act, make the following Regulations and direct that they shall apply to all factories and workshops, or parts thereof, in which any of the said processes is carried on : Provided that if the Chief Inspector of Factories is satisfied in respect of any factory or workshop that, owing to the special conditions of the work or otherwise, any of the requirements of these Regulations can be suspended or relaxed without danger to the health of the persons employed therein, he may by certificate in writing authorise such suspension or relaxation for such period and on such conditions as he may think fit. Any such certificate may be revoked at any time. For the purpose of these Regulations! " Refractory Material " means refractory material containing not less than 80 per cent, of sihca (Si Oa). " Silica bricJo " means any brick composed of refractory material . and containing not less than 80 per cent, of silica (Si Oa). 1. No refractory material shall be broken in pieces by manual labour unless the process is carried out in the open air. 2. No refractory material shall be crushed or ground in a stone-crushing machine or a grinding machine unless such machine — (a) is provided with an exhaust draught and efiicient dust- collecting apphances, so arranged as to prevent the escape of dust into the air of any place in which work is carried on ; or (b) is provided, and kept provided, with an efiicient water or steam spray or other arrangement to prevent the escape of dust into the air ; or (c) is so entirely enclosed as to prevent the escape of dust into the air. * These Regulations were gazetted April 29, 1919. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. t Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout the Begulations in italics. (B 247-Gp. 15) „ 162 Eegulations : — Crushing, Grinding and Sieving of Refractory Materials, &c. 3. All elevators, screens and sieves used for manipulating refractory material shall be so entirely enclosed as to prevent the escape of dust into the air, or be provided with an exhaust draught so arranged as to prevent such escape of dust. 4. The floors of all places where silica bricks are dried shall, after each lot of bricks has been removed, be carefully freed from all debris by a moist method. Provided always that this Regulation shall not apply to the floors of tunnel-driers. 5. No drying stoves in which silica bricJcs are bated by fires before being placed in the kilns shall be used after January 1st, 1923, unless the Chief Inspector of Factories shall certify in writing that, in his opinion, the use of such stove involves no danger to the health of the persons employed therein. • , Provided always that this Regulation shall not apply to tunnel- driers. 6. Before any plate used for drying silica bricks is scraped or other- wise cleaned, the plate shall be effectually damped so as to prevent the escape of dust into the air. 7. The dust or powder of refractory material shall not be used for dusting the moulds in brick making. 8. There shall be provided suitable respirators for the use of all persons employed in : — (i) Breaking refractory material into pieces by manual labour, unless wet brattice cloth is effectively used to prevent escape of dust in this process. (ii) Placing or removing silica bricks in or from drying-ilats and drjang stoves, other than tunnel-driers, and (iii) Setting or drawing silica bricks in kilns. The respirators when required for use shall be washed or renewed at least once every day. 9. When placing or drawing silica bricks in kilns no person shall throw the bricks to another. 10. No person shall work or cause or allow to be worked any stone- crushing machine unless such machine comphes with requirements of Regulation 2. 11. Every person for whose use a respirator is provided in pursuance of Regulation 8 shall wear the respirator while employed in any process to which Regulation 8 apphes. Edward Shortt, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 26th April, 1919. Welfare :— Rules for Inquiries as to Draft Orders. 163 WELFARE. *RULES DATED JuLY 16, 1917, AS TO THE TIME AND MANNER OF MAKINGT Objections to Oedees pb,oposi!d under section 7 (1) of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916t- and as to the selection of, and the procedure before, a Referee, and the cost of the proceedings before a Referee, (including his remuneration). 1917. No. 742. In pursuance of Section 7 (6) of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,t I hereby make the following rules : — 1. Every objection must be sent to the Secretary of State at, the Home Office within 21 days after notice has been given of the proposal to 'make the Order, or such longer time as may be allowed by the Secretary of State. The objection must be in writing and must state — (a) the requirements in the draft Order objected to ; (6) the specific grounds of objection ; and (c) the modifications asked for. Where an objection is mad? jointlyon behalf of a numberof eccupiers, the names of the occupiers and their addresses must be stated, or, if the objection, is made by an association of occupiers on behalf of its members, the number of the members affected by the Order. 2. The referee shall be selected by the Secretary of State from a panel of persons appointed by him to act as referees for the purposes of the said section. 3. The proceedings before the referee shall be opened at such time and place as may be fixed by the referee, and not less than three weeks' notice of the time and place so fixed shall be sent by post by him or on his behalf to every occupier or body of occupiers whose objections have been referred to him : Provided that the non-receipt of any such notice shall not invalidate the proceedings or render necessary an adjournment- of the proceedings. 4. The Chief Inspector of Factories and any of the objectors and any other person who, in the opinion of the referee, is affected by the draft Order, may appear and be heard in person, or, with the leave of the referee, by counsel, solicitor, or agent. 5. The referee may adjourn the proceedings from time to time as he sees fit, and may hold adjourned sittings at any place which he thinks necessary for the convenience of objectors. * These Rules were gazetted July 20, 1917. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, c. 31. (B 247-Gp. 15) >t 2 164 Welfare : — Manufactuie of Tin or Terne Plates. 6. The referee may, give sucli directions as he thinks, necessary as to the' order in which the objections shall be. considered, and as to the order in which the objectors appearing before him shall be heard. 7. If any objections made by more than one objector appearing before the referee seem to the referee to be the same in substance, he may select any person whom he considers representative of the largest number of the objectors to state such objections, and to call evidence (if required); Provided that any other person making the same objections may be heard subsequently by consent of the referee. 8. The referee may stop any statement which appears to him to be irrelevant to the draft Order or objection under consideration, or to involve unnecessary repetition of arguments already fully stated. 9. Subject to the provisions of these rules, the proceedings shall be conducted in such manner as the referee may in his discretion direct. 10. The remimeration of the referee shall be a sum of five guineas for each day on which he is engaged in hearing the objections, together with any expenses for travelhng and subsistence necessarily incurred : Provided that in any case of exceptional diflSculty a special fee may be fixed by the Secretary of State with the approval of the Treasury. 11. The cost of the proceedings before the referee, including the remuneration of the referee, shall be payable in such manner as the leferee may direct. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 16th July, 1917. *Oeder, dated October 5, 1917, for securing the Welfare of THE Workers employed in Factories in which the Manu- facture OF Tin or Terne Plates is carried on. 1917. No. 1035. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,t I hereby make the following Order for all factories in which the manufacture of tin or terne plates is carried on : — 1. The occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition for the use of all persons engaged in pickhng or handling wet plates sufficient and suitable aprons of waterproof material and clogs. 2. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all women or girls employed in' the factory suitable accommodation for clothing * This Order was gazetted October 12, 1917. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, o. 31. Welfare :— First Aid Arrangements at Blast Furnaces, &c. 165 put off during working hours, with, adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 3. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all persons employed in the factory and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals a suitable messroom, which shall be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chairs or benches with back rests, (6) adequate means of warming food and boihng water, (c) suitable facilities for washing, comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for lise during meal intervals. The messroom shall be separate from the cloakroom and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 4. This Order shall come into force on the 1st December, 1917. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Hom!e Office, Whitehall, 5th October, 1917. *Oedee, dated Octobeb 12, 1917, m begakd to Ambulance and First Aid Arrangements at Blast Furnaces, Copper Mills, Foundries, and Metal Works. 1917. No. 1067. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Pohce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,f I hereby make the following Order, and direct that it shall apply to all factories in the following classes : — Blast Furnaces. Cppper Mills. Iron Mills. Foundries. Metal Works. First Aid. '1. In every factory to which this Order applies and in which the total number of persons employed is 25 or more, the occupier shall provide, in readily accessible positions, " First Aid " boxes or cupboards in the proportion of at least one to every 150 persons. The number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards required under this provision shall be calculated on the largest number of persons * This Order was gazetted October 19, 1917. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, o. 31. 166 Welfare : — ^First Aid Arrangements at Blast Furnaces, &c. employed at any one time, and any odd number of persons less than 150 shall be reckoned as 150. Provided (1) that an ambulance room maintained in conformity with paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 of this Order may be counted as one of the " First Aid " boxes or cupboards required by this Order. (2) that the requirement of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards shall not apply to a blast furnace if an ambulance room is provided and maintained as aforesaid. 2. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall contain at least : — (i) A copy of the First Aid Ijeaflet issued by the Factory Department of the Home OflSce. (ii) Three dozen small size sterihsed dressings for injured fingers, (iii) One dozen medium size sterilised dressings for injured hands or feet. . (iv) One dozen large size sterilised dressings for other injured pa,rts. (v) One bottle of eye-drops, and (vi) Sterihsed cotton wool. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be distinctively marked, and if newly provided after the date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground. 3. Nothing except apphances or requisites for First Aid shall be kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. 4. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person who shall always be readily available during working hours. A notice or notices shall be affixed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the " First Aid " box or cupboard provided in respect of that room. Ambulance Room. 5. In every factory to which this Order apphes and in which the total number of persons employed is 500 or more, the occupier shall provide and maintain in good order an Ambulance rooni. 6. The Ambulance room shall be a separate room used only for the purpose of treatment and rest. It shall have a floor space of not less than 100 square feet and smooth, hard and impervious walls and floor, and shall be provided with ample means of natural and artificial lighting. It shall contain at least — (i) A glazed sink with hot and cold water always available, (ii) A table with a smooth top. (iii) Means for sterihsing instruments, (iv) A supply of suitable dressings, bandages and splints. (v) A couch, (vi) A stretcher. Welfare :— Supply of Drinking Water. 167 7. Where persons of both sexes are employed, arrangements shall be made at the Ambulance room for their separate treatment. 8. The Ambulance room shall be placed under the charge of a qualified nurse, or other person, trained in First Aid, who shall always be readily available during working hours, and shall keep a record of all cases of accident and sickness treated at the room. Ambulance Carriage. 9. At every factory to which this Order appUes and in which the; total number of persons employed is 500 or more, the occupier shall, for the purpose of the removal of serious cases of accident or sickness, provide on the premises and maintain in good condition a suitably constructed ambulance carriage, unless he has made arrangements for obtaining such a carriage when required from a hospital or other place in telephonic communication with the factory. 10. This Order shall come into force on the 1st December, 1917. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, October 12th, 1917. *Oeder, dated October 9, 1917, in eegabd to the Supply of Drinking Water at certain Factories and Workshops. 1917. No. 1068. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Pohce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,f I hereby make the following Order, and direct that it shall apply to all factories and workshops in which 25 or more persons are employed. 1. In every factory or workshop to which this Order apphes the occupier shall provide and maintain at suitable points, conveniently accessible at all times to all persons employed — (a) an adequate supply of wholesome drinking water from a public main or from some other source of supply approved in writing by the local authority of the district in which the factory or workshop is situated, which shall be either laid on or contained in a suitable vessel ; (6) (except where the water is dehvered in an upward jet from which the Workers can conveniently drink) at least one I suitable cup or drinking vessel at each point of supply, with facihties for rinsing it in drinking water. Each drinking water supply shall be clearly marked " Drinking Water." * This Order was gazetted October 19, 1917. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, c. 31. 168 Welfare : — Tanning. 2. All practicable steps shall be taken to preserve the water and vessels from contanoination.. 3. This Order shall come into force on the 1st December, 1917. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 9th October, 1917. *0rder dated March 22, 1918, for securing the Welfare of the Workers employed in Factories or parts of factories in WHICH Bichromate of Potassium or Sodium is used in Tanning BY THE " Two-Bath " process. 1918. No. 368. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916t, I hereby make the following Order for all factories or parts of factories in which bichromate of potassium o sodium is used in tanning by the " two-bath " process. 1. The occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition, for the use of all persons coming into contact with chrome solutions, rubber or leather aprons and bib, and rubber boots or leather leggings which will protect qpen tops and laceholes of clogs or boots, and for those who are continually immersing their hands in the solutions, looate-fitting rubber gloves of suitable length. 2. The occupier shall provide in readily accessible positions a sufficient number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards. Each box or cupboard shall be distinctively marked, and if nawly provided after the date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground, and shall contain, besides any other medical apphances or requisites, a supply of : — (i) Collodion and Brushes, (ii) Impermeable Waterproof Plaster, (iii) Ointment, Lint, Bandages and Scissors, (iv) A 2 per cent. Aleohohc Solution of Iodine. Nothing except apphances or requisites for First Aid shall be kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, who shall always be readily available. A notice or notices shall be affixed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the box or cupboard provided in respect of that room. * This Order was gazetted March 26, 1918. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, c. 31. Welfare : — Dyeing other than Job Dyeing. 169 3. The occupier shall see that the Official Cautionary Notice as to the effects of chrome on the skin is kept posted up in the Works, and shall arrange for an inspection of the fingers of all persons coming into contact with chrome solutions to be made twice a week by the person in charge of the " Krst Aid " box or cupboard. 4. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed suitable accommodation for clothing put off during working hours, with adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 5. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals a suitable messroom, which shall be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chp,irs or benches with back rests, (b) adequate means of warming food and boihng water, (c) suitable facihties for washing, comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for use during meal intervals. The messroom shall be separate from the cloakroom, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 6. This Order shall come into force on the 1st May, 1918, but Gause 4 and, subject to the condition that adequate means of warming food and boihng water are provided to the satisfaction of the District Inspector of Factories, Clause 5 shall not take effect during the period of the war. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 22nd March, 1918. *Oedee, dated Maech 22, 1918, foe secueing the Welfaee of THE WOEKEES EMPLOYED IN FaCTOEIES OE PAETS OF PACTOEIBS in which bicheomate of potassium oe sodium is used in Dyeing othee than Job-Dyeing. 1918. No. 369. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Pohce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,f I hereby make the following Order for all factories or parts of factories in which bichromate of potassium or sodium is used in dyeing other than job-dyeing. * This Order was gazetted March 26, 1918. t 6 & 7 Geo. 5, c. 31. 170 Welfare : — ^Dyeing other than Job-Dyeing. 1. The occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition, for the use of all persons coming into contact with chrome solutions, suitable protective clothing, and also for persons handling the crystals or immersing their hands in chrome solutions, or handhng textile material saturated with chrome solution, loose fitting rubber gloves of suitable length. 2. The occupier shall provide in readily accessible positions a sufficient number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards. Each box or cupboard shall be distinctively marked, and if newly provided after the date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground, and shall contain, besides any other medical apphances or requisites, a supply of : — (i) Collodion and Brushes, (ii) Impermeable Waterproof Plaster. (iii) Ointment, Lint, Bandages and Scissors, (iv) A 2 per cent. AlcohoUc Solution of Iodine. Nothing except apphances or requisites for First Aid shall be kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, who shall always be readily available. A notice or notices shall be affixed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the box or. cupboard provided in respect of that room. 3. The occupier shall see that the Official Cautionary Notice as to the effects of chrome on the skin is kept posted up in the Works, and shall arrange for an inspection of the fingers of all persons coming into contact with chrome solutions to be made at the works twice a week by the person in charge of the " First Aid " box or cupboard, or by some person to be selected by the workers themselves and notified . to the occupier. If any person whose work brings him into contact with chrome solution dr crystals shows a tendency to develop, or is known to be susceptible to, chrome eczema, he shall, if practicable, be transferred to other work not exposing him to such contact. 4. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed suitable accommodation for clothing put off during working hours, with adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 5. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals a suitable messroom, which shall be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chairs or benches with back rests, (b) adequate means of warming food and boihng water, (c) suitable facihties for washing, comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and Welfare :— Glass Works. 171 Avarm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for use during meal intervals. The messroom'shall be separate from the cloakroom, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept <5lean. 6. This Order shall come into force on the Ist May, 1918, but Clause 4 and, subject to the condition that adequate means of warming food and boihng water are provided to the satisfaction of the District Inspector of Factories, Clause 5 shall not take effect during the period of the War. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 22nd March, 1918. *Order, dated May 15, 1918, fob secubing the Welfaee of the WoBKEES Employed in Factobies oe parts of Factobies in WHICH THE Manufactuee OF (i) Glass Bottles OR (ii) Pressed Glass Articles is cabeied on. 1918. No. 558. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Pohce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,t I hereby make the following Order for all factories or parts of factories in which the manufacture of (i) glass bottles or (ii) pressed glass article? is carried on. 1. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all persons employed a suitable cloakroom, with sufficient accommodation for the clothing put off during working hours, and adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 2. The occupier shall pro\'ide and maintain for the use of all persons employed and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals a suitable messroom which shaU be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chairs or benches with back rests, (6) adequate means of warming food and boihng water, and (c) suitable facihties for washing, com- prising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for use during meal intervals. The messroom shall be separate from the cloakroom, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. * This Order was gazetted May 21, 1918. t 6 & 7, Geo. 5, o. 31. 172 Welfare : — Seats in Shell Factories. 3. The occupier shall provide and maintain at suitable points, conveniently accessible at all times to all persons employed : — (a) an adequate supply of wholesome drinking water from a public main or from some other source of supply approved in writing by the local authority of the district in which the factory is situated, which shall be either laid on, or contained in a suitable vessel ; (b) (except where the water is delivered in an upward jet from which the workers can conveniently drink) at least one suitable cup or drinking vessel at each point of supply, wi^h facihties for rinsing it in drinking water. Each drinking water supply shall be clearly marked " Drinking Water." All practicable steps shall be taken to preserve the water and vessels from contamination. 4. This Order shall come into force on the 1st July, 1918, but Clause 1 and, subject to the condition that temporary washing facilities are provided, Clause 2 shall not take efEect during the period of the war. ' Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 15th May, 1918. *Oeder, dated July 3, 1918, foe securing the Welfare of Female Workers employed in Factories, or parts of Factories in which the process in Turning or Machining Shells or Shell Bodies is carried on. 1918. No. 824. In pursuance of Section 7 of the PoUce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,f I hereby make the following Order and direct that it shall apply to all factories or parts of factories in which any process in turning or machining shsUs or shell bodies is carried on : — 1. Facihties for sitting shall be provided for all the female workers employed in any such process so as to enable them to take advantage of any opportunities for resting which may occur in the course of their employment. * This Order was gazetted Jtily 5, 1918. t 6 & 7, Geo. 5, o. 31. Welfare :— First Aid Arrangements at Saw Mills, &c. 173 2. This Order shall come into force on the 1st August, 1918. Oeo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. "Whitehall, 3rd July, 1918. *Ordeb, dated November 8, 1918, in eegaed to Ambulance and First Aid Arrangements at Saw Mills and Factories in which articles op wood abe manufactured. 1918. No. 1489. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Pohce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,t I hereby make the following Order, and direct that it shall apply to all factories or parts of factories which are saw mills or in which articles of wood are manufactured. First Aid. 1. In every factory to which this Order apphes and in which the total number of persons employed is 25 or more, the occupier shall provide, in readily accessible positions, " First Aid " boxes or cup- boards in the proportion of at least one to every 150 persons. The number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards required under this provision shall be calculated on the largest number of persons employed at any one time, and any odd number of persons less than 150 shall be reckoned as 150. If an ambidance room is provided at the factory and such arrange- ments are made as to ensure the immediate treatment there of all injuries occurring in the factory, the Chief Inspector of Factories may by certificate in writing exempt the factory from the requirements of this paragraph to such extent and subject to such conditions as he may specify in the certificate. Any such certificate may be revoked at any time. 2. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall contain at least : — (i) A copy of the First Aid Leaflet issued by the Factory Department of the Home Ofiice. (ii) Three dozen small size sterihsed dressings for injured fingers, (iii) One dozen medium size sterihsed dressings for injured hands or feet, (iv) One dozen large size sterihsed dressings for other injured parts, (v) One bottle of eye-drops, and (vi) Sterihsed cotton wool. * This Order was gazetted November 19, 1918. t 6 & 7, Geo. 5, c. 31. 174 Welfare : — ^First Aid Arrangements at Saw Mills, &c. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard stall be distinctively marked^ and if newly provided after tbe date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground. 3. Nothing except appliances or requisites for First Aid shall be- kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. 4. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible- person, who shall always be readily available during working hours. A notice or notices shall be afl&xed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the " First Aid " box or cupboard provided in respect of that room. Ambulance Room. 5. In every factory to which this Order apphes, and in which the total number of persons employed is 500 or more, the occupier shall provide and maintain in good order an Ambulance room. In reckoning the number of persons employed for the purpose of this paragraph any department of the factory in M'hich no machinery is used may be excluded. 6. The Ambulance room shall be a separate room used only for the purposes of treatment and rest. It shall have a floor space of not less than 100 square feet, and smooth, hard and impervious walls, and floor, and shall be provided with ample means of natural and artificial lightiijg. It shall contain at least — (i) A glazed sink with hot and cold water always available. (ii) A table with a smooth top. (iii) Means for sterilising instruments, (iv) A supply of suitable dressings, bandages and splints. (v) A couch, (vi) A stretcher. 7. Where persons of both sexes are employed, arrangements shall be- made at the Ambulance room for their separate treatment. 8. The Ambulance room shall be placed under the charge of a qualified nurse, or other person, trained in First Aid, who shall always^ be readily available during working hours, and shall keep a record of all cases of accident and sickness treated at the room. Ambulance Carriage. 9. At every factory to which 'this Order applies, and in which the total number of persons employed is 500 or more, the occupier shall, for the purpose of the removal of serious cases of accident or sickness, provide on the premises and maintain in good condition a suitably constructed ambulance carriage, unless he has made arrangements- for obtaining such a carriage when required from a hospital or other place in telephonic communication with the factory. Welfare :— Oil Cake Mills. 175 In reckoning the number of persons employed for the purpose of this paragraph any department of the factory in which no machinery is used may be excluded. 10. This Order shall come into force on 1st January, 1919. Geo. Cave, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 8th November, 1918. *Ordee, dated July 21, 1919, toe Securing the Welfare of the Workers Employed in Oil Cake Mills. 1919. No. 959. In pursuance of Section 7 of the Police, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions), Act, 1916,t I hereby make the following Order for all factories or parts of factories in which the manufacture of oil cake is carried on : — 1. The occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition, for the use of all persons employed, suitable protective clothing according to the nature of the work. 2. The occupier shall provide facihtiea for sitting for all the female workers whose work is done standing, so as to enable them to take advantage of any opportunities for resting which may occur in the course of their employment. 3. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed suitable accommodation for clothing put ofE during working hours, with adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed imder the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 4. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all the persons employed, and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals, a suitable and adequate messroom, which shall be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chairs or benches with back rests, (6) unless a canteen serving hot meals is provided, adequate means of warming food and boihng water, (c) suitable facihties for washing, comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for use during meal intervals. The messroom shall be separate from the cloakroom, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 5. The occupier shall provide and maintain in the works for the use of all persons employed suitable washing facihties conveniently * This Order was gazetted July 29, 1919. t 6 & 7, Geo. 5, c. 31. 176 . Welfare :— Oil Cake Mills. accessible and comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The facilities so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 6. The occupier shall, if an application is made to him in writing, signed by not less than one-half of the persons of either sex employed in the works, asking for the provision of bath accommodation, provide at the factory shower baths in the proportion of one bath for every 50 persons of that sex employed at one time. Any odd number of persons less than 50 shall be reckoned as 50. Notice of the apphcation having been made shall be sent forthwith to the District Inspector of Factories by or on behalf of the persons making it. The baths shall be suitably constructed- and supphed with water at a temperature as near as may be of 100 degrees Fahrenheit, and a sufficient supply of clean towels and soap. The accommodation shall be placed imder the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 7. The occupier shall provide in^ readily accessible positions a sufficient number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards. Each box or cupboard shall be distinctively marked, and if newly provided after the date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground, and shall contain, besides any other medical appHances or requisites :— (i) Suitable sterilized dressings for fingers, hands, feet or other injured parts, (ii) SteriUsed cotton wool, (iii) Burn dressings (large and small), (iv) A 2 per cent. Alcohohc Solution of Iodine, (v) A copy of the First Aid leaflet issued by the Factory Depart- ment of the Home Office. Nothing except appliances or requisites for First Aid shall be kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, who shall always be readily available. A notice or notices shall be affixed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the " First Aid " box or cupboard provided in respect of that room. If an ambulance room is provided at the factory, and such arrange- ments are made as to ensure the immediate treatrnent there of all injuries occurring in the factory, the Chief Inspector of Factories may by certificate in writing exempt the factory from the requirements "Welfare :— Fruit Preserving Factories, 177 ol this paragraph to such extent and subject to such conditions as he may specify in the certificate. Any such certificate may be revoked -at any time. 8 In every factory to which this Order appUes, and in which the total number of persons employed is 500 or more, the occupier shall provide and maintain in good order an ambulance room. The ambulance room shall be a separate room used only for the purpose of treatment and rest. It shall have a floor space of not less than 100 square feet, and smooth, hard and impervious walls and floor, and shall be provided with ample means of natural and artificial lighting. It shall contain at least — ((i) A glazed sink with hot and cold water always available, '(ii) A table with a smooth top. ((iii) Means for sterilising instruments. j(iv) A supply of suitable dressings, bandages and splints, (v) A couch, (vi) A stretcher. Where persons of both sexes are employed, arrangements shall be inade at the ambulance room for their separate treatment. The ambulance room shall be placed under the charge of a qualified nurse, or other person trained in First Aid, who shall always be readily available during working hours, and shall keep a record of all cases of accidents and sickness treated at the room. .9. This Order shall come into force on the 1st September, 1919. E. Shortt, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. 'Whitehall, 21st July, 1919. *Ordeb, dated August 15, 1919, foe securing the Welpabe of the woekeks employed in factories oe parts of factories in which the preserving op fruit is carried on. , 1919. No. 1136. In pursuance of Section 7 of the PoUce, Factories, &c. (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1916,| I hereby make the following Order for all factories or parts of factories in which the preserving of fruit is carried on. * This Order was gazetted August 29, 1919. t 6 & 7, Geo. 5, o. 31. ,(b247— Gp. 15) 178 Welfare: — Fruit ..Erfeseiving Factories'. ' 1. : The occupier shall provide and maintain in good condition suitable protective clothing for the use of all persons employed in the processes of preparing and boihng fruit, ■ filling, finishing and covering filled vessels, spinning on tops, and lA any wet process. 2. The occupier shall provide and maintain for the use of all persons employed in the factory suitable accommodation for clothing put off during working hours, with adequate arrangements for drying the clothing if wet. The accommodation so provided shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person and shall be kept clean. 3. The occupier shall provide and. maintain for the use of all persons employed and remaining on the premises during the meal intervals a suitable messroom, which shall be furnished with (a) sufficient tables and chairs or benches with back rests, (b) unless a canteen serving hot meals is provided on the premises, adequate means for warming food and boihng water, and (c) suitable facihties-for washing, comprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water. The messroom shall be sufficiently warmed for use dun'ng meal intervals. The messroom shall be separate from the cloakroom, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, and shall be kept clean. 4. There shall be provided and maintained, for the use of all persons employed in the processes of picking, preparing and boihng fruit, filling, and finishing and covering filled vessels,' suitable facilities for washing, comiprising a sufficient supply of clean towels, soap and warm water, adjacent to the place where the work is done. 5. In every factory to which this Order apphes, and in which the total number of persons employed is 25 or more, the occupier shall provide, in readily accepsibh positions, " First Aid " boxes or cupboards in the proportion of at least one to every 150 persons. The number of " First Aid " boxes or cupboards required under this provision shall be calculated" on i;he largest number of persons emjjloyed at any one time, and any odd ntimber of persons less than 150 shall be reckoned as 150. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall contain at least : (i) A supply of steriUzed dressings, small, medium and large size, for fingers, hands, feet and other injured parts, (ii) A supply of small and large burn dressings, (iii) A supply of sterihsed cotton-wool, (iv) A bottle of sal-volatile. (v) A copy of the First Aid Leaflet issued by the Factory Depart- ment of the Home Office. Each " First Aid " box or cupboard shall be distinctively marked, and if newly provided after the date of this Order shall be marked plainly with a white cross on a red ground. 'Welfare; — Fruit Preserving Factories. 179 _ Nothing except appliances or requisites for First Aid shall be kept in a " First Aid " box or cupboard. Each " First Aid" box or cupboard shall be kept stocked and in good order, and shall be placed under the charge of a responsible person, who shall always be readily available during working hours. A notice or notices shall be affixed in every workroom stating the name of the person in charge of the " First Aid " box or cupboard provided in respect of that room. 6. The occupier shall see that the Official Cautionary Notice as to the effects of lemon and orange peehng on the skin is kept posted up in any part of the works in wMch any such process is carried on. ■ 7. (i) All female workers whose work is done standing shall be provided with such facihties for sitting as will enable them to take advantage of any opportunities for resting which may occur in the course of their employment. (ii) All persons engaged in fruit peehng, sorting, picking, and finishing and covering filled vessels stall be provided with seats so that they may do their Work sitting. Such seats shall be properly adjusted to the work. 8. This Order shall come into force on the 1st September, 1919. E. Shortt, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Whitehall, 15th August, 1919. (B 247-Gp. 15) jf 2 180 Special Modifications and Extensions : — Cotton Cloth Factories. SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS AND EXTENSIONS. (1) ^Regulations for Cotton Cloth Factories. 1911. No. 1259. In pursuance of section 1 of the Factory and Workshop (Cotton Cloth Factories) Act, 1911,tl hereby make the following Regulations, and direct that they shall apply, in substitution for sections 90, 91, 92, and 94, and Schedule IV. of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, J to all factories in which is carried on the weaving of cotton cloth. These Regulations shall come into force on 1st April, 1912, provided that paragraphs (c), (d), (e) and (/) of Regulation 6 shall not come into force until 1st June, 1912. Provided further that the Chief Inspector of Factories may by certificate in writing suspend the operation of Regulation 1 (a) in respect of any humid shed for a period not exceeding two years from 1st April, 1912, if satisfied, after an enquiry at which the occupier and persons employed shall be heard, that all reasonably available means to keep down the temperature have been adopted, and that by reason of the circumstances of that humid shed it is not at all time practicable, notwithstanding the full use of such means, to prevent without cessation of artificial humidification, the wet-bulb reading of the hygrometer from exceeding 75 degrees. Any such certificate shall be subject to the condition that the arrangements for cooling the shed shall be kept in efficient working order, and used whenever necessary, and in the event of any contravention of this condition the certificate may at any time be revoked by notice in writing from the Chief Inspector of Factories. For the purposes of these Regulations, — Humid shed means any room in which the weaving of cotton cloth is carried on with aid of artificial humidification. Artificial humidificution means humidification of the air of a room by any artificial means whatsoever, except the use of gas or oil for lighting purposes only. Provided that in a room in which there are no distributing pipes or ducts, the introduction of air directly from the open air outside through mats or cloths moistened with cold water shall not, if adopted solely at times when the temperature of the room is 70 degrees or more, be deemed to be artificial humidification. Dry shed means any room, other than a humid shed, in which the weaving of cotton cloth is carried on. Degrees (of temperature) mean degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. * These Regulations were gazetted December 26, 1911. t 1 & 2 Geo. 5, Q. 21. J 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. § Terms to which defined meanings are given are printed throughout in italics. Special Modifications and Extensions :— Cotton 181 Clotli Factories. Hygrometer means an accurate wet-and-dry-bulb hygrometer, conforming to such conditions, as regards construction and maintenance, as the Secretary of State may. prescribe by Order.* Regulations. 1. There shall be no artificial humidification in any humid shed- ■ (a) at any time when the wet-bulb reading of the hygrometer exceeds 75 degrees ; or (6) at any time when the wet-bulb reading of the hygrometer is higher than that specified in the Schedule of this Order in relation to the dry-bulb reading of the hygrometer at that time ; or, as regards a dry-bulb reading intermediate between any two dry-bulb readings indicated consecutively in the Schedule, when the dry-bulb reading does not exceed the wet-bulb reading to the extent indicated in relation to the lower of those two dry-bulb readings ; or (c) at any time, after the first half -hour of employment in any day, when the dry-bulb reading of the hygrometer is below 50 degrees ; or {d) at any time, within the first half-hour of employment on any day, when the wet-bulb reading of the hygrometer is less than 2 degrees below the dry-bulb reading. 2. No water which is liable to cause injury to the health of the persons employed, or to yield effluvia, shall be used for artificial humidification, and for the purpose of this Kegrdation any water which absorbs from acid solution of permanganate of potash in four hours at 60 degrees more than -5 grain of oxygen per gallon of water, shall be deemed to be liable to cause injury to the health of the persons employed. 3. In each humid shed two hygrometers, and one additional hygro- meter for every 500 or part of 500 looms in excess of 700 looms, shall be provided and maintained, in such positions as may be approved by the Inspector of the District. A copy of the Schedule appended to this Order shall be kept affixed near to each hygrometer provided in pursuance of this Regulation. 4. In every humid shed the readings of each hygrometer provided in pursuance of Regulation 3 shall be observed on every day on which any workers are employed in the shed, jointly by representatives of the occupier and of the persons employed, between 7 and 8 a.m., between II a.m. and 12 noon, and (except on Saturday) between 4 and 5 p.m. The prescribed Humidity Register shall be kept in the factory. If any readings taken as above are such as to indicate contravention of Regulation 1 or Regulation 5, the persons who have taken them shall forthwith enter and sign them in the prescribed Humidity * See p. 166. 182 Special Modifications and Extensions :— Cotton Cloth Factories. Register, and a copy of each such entry shall also be sent forthwith in the prescribed form, to the Inspector of the District. At the end of each week the persons appointed to take the readings shall enter and sign in the prescribed Humidity Register a declaration that during the week the readings have been duly taken by them as required by this. Regulation, and that (subject to any exception recorded as above) no readings have been such as to indicate contra- vention of Regulation 1 or Regulation 5. The entries in the Humidity Register shall be primd facie evidence .of the temperature and humidity of the air of the humid shed. 5. In every dry shed and in every humid shed the arrangements shall be such that (1) during working hours the temperature shall pot at any time on that day be below 50 degrees, and (2) no person employed shall be exposed to a direct draught from any air inlet, or to any draught at a temperature of less than 50 degrees. Provided that it shall be. sufficient compliance with the requirement marked (1) in this Regulation if the heating apparatus be put into operation at the commencement of work, and if the required tempera- ture he maintained after the expiration of half-an-hour from the commencement of work.' In a tenement factory it shall be the duty of the owner to provide and maintain the arrangements required for the purpose of the requirement marked (1) in this Regulation. 6. In a humid shed in which steam pipes are used for the introduction of steam for the purpose of artificial humidification of the air — (a) the diameter of such pipes shall not exceed two inches ; and in the case of pipes hereafter installed the diameter shall not exceed one inch ; {b) such pipes shall be as short as is reasonably practicable ; {c) such pipes shall be effectively covered with insulating material kept in good repair, in such maimer that the amount of steam condensed in the covered pipe shall not exceed one-fifth of the amount of steam condensed in the bare pipe under the same conditions ; and there shall be kept attached to the General Register a certificate from the manufacturer of the covering to the effect that a sample of the covering has been tested by an authority approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories and has been foimd to conform to the above standard ; (d) all hangers supporting such pipes shall be separated from the bare pipes by an efficient insulator not less than half-* an-inch in thickness ; (e) no uncovered jet from such a pipe shall project more than 4^ inches beyond the outer surface of such covering ; Special Modifications and Extensions :— Cotton 1 83 Cloth Factories. ■ (/) the steam pressure shall be as low as practicable, and shall not exceed 70 lbs. per square inch ; 7. In every humid shed hereafter erected — (a) the average height of the shed shall not be less than 14| feet, nor the height of the valley-gutters from the floor less than 12 feet ; . . {b) the lights shall as far as possible face true North ; or if this be impracticable, between North-East and North-North- ■ West ; (c) the glass of the lights shall be. at an angle of not more than 30 degrees to the verticail, except in the case of flat concrete or brick roofs ; (d) the boiler-house and engine-room shall be separated from the shed by an alley-way, not less than 6 feet wide and either open to the outside air or provided with louvre or roof ventilators capable of being opened in summer and of an are* equal to one quarter of the floor area of the alley-way ; (e) no boiler flue shall pass under the shed, or within 6 feet horizontally from the wall of the shed. 8. In every humid shed and in every d/ry shed the whole of the outside of the roof (windows excepted) and the inside surface of the glass of the roof-windows shall be white-washed every year before the 31st May, and the white-wash shall be effectively maintained until the 15th of September. Provided tliat the above requirements of this Eegulation, so far as regards roof-windows, may be suspended by certificate in writing from the Inspector of the District, if it is shown to his satisfaction that the roof -windows are so placed, or are so shaded by adjacent buildings, ■ that the direct rays* of the sun can never impinge upon them at any time during any day ; which certificate shall be kept attached to the General Register. 9. In every humid shed and in every dry shed the arrangements for ventilation shall be such that at no time during working hours shall the proportion of carbon dioxide in the air in any part of the shed exceed the limit specified below for that shed, namely, — C parts by volume of carbon dioxide per for humid sheds eight J 10,000 parts of air in excess of the for d/ry sheds eleven | proportion in the outside air at the '.time. Provided that — (1) during any period in which it is necessary to use gas or oil for lighting purposes, and (2) before the end of the dinner-hour on any day in which gas or oil has been so used, it shall be sufficient, compliance with this Regulation if means of ■ventilation sufficient to secure observance of the above requirement during daylight are maintained in full use and in efficient working order. 184 Special Modifications and Extensions : — Cotton Cloth Factories. 10. In every hmnid shed erected after 2nd Febmary, 1898, sufficient and suitable cloak-room or cloak-rooms shall be provided for tho use of all persons employed therein, and shall be ventilated and kept at a suitable temperature. In every humid shed and d/ry shed to which the above provision does not apply and in yfhich a suitable and sufficient cloak-room ifr not provided, suitable and sufficient accommodation within the shed shall be provided for the clothing of all persons employed, within a reasonable distance of the place of employment and consisting of a sufficient number of pegs, not less than one for each person employed and not less than eighteen inches apart, and of a covering of suitable non-conducting material spaced not less than half-an-inch from the wall or pillar and so arranged that no moisture either from above^ or from the wall or pillar, can reach the clothing. R. McKenri^, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 2lst December, 1911. Schedule. H TMIDITY Table, fob the pDBroFES of Eequlation I. Dry-Bulb Wet-Bulb • Dry-Bulb Wet-Bulb Readings. Readings. Readings. Readings. (1.) (2.) (1-) (2.) m" 48° 66° 64° 51° 49° 67° 65° 52° 50° 68° 66° 53° 51° 69° 67° 54° 52° 70° 68° 55° 53° 71° 68 S^ 56° 54° 72° 69" 57° 55° 73° 70^ 58° 56° 74° 70-5° 69° 57° 75' 71-5° 60° 68° 76° 72° 61° 59° 77° 73° 62° 60° 78° 73-5° 63° 61° 79° 74-5° 64° 62° 80° 75 0° 65° 63° Special Modifications and Extensions :— Cotton 185 Cloth Factories. Regulations for Cotton Cloth Factories. Hygrometers Order. In pursuance of the above Regulations I hereby prescribe the following conditions as regards the construction and maintenance of hygrometers : — Provided that the Inspector of the district may by certificate in writing defer until 1st April, 1914, the application of Conditions 2 (a, 6, c) and 3 to any hygrometer furnished with a certificate from the National Physical Laboratory of date. not earlier than 1st January, 1910 ; which certificates shall be kept attached to the Humidity Register. 1. — (a) Each hygrometer shall coinprise two mercurial thermo- meters, respectively wet-bulb and dry-bulb, of similar construction, and equal in dimensions, scale, and divisions of scale. They shall be mounted on a frame, with a suitable reservoir containing water. (6) The wet-bulb shall be closely covered with a single layer of muslin, kept wet by means of a wick attached to it and dipping into the water in the reservoir. The muslin covering and the wick shall be suitable for the purpose, clean, and free from size or grease. 2. With regard to each thermometer as above, whether wet-bulb or dry-bulb : — (o) The bulb shall be spherical, and not less than two-fifths nor more than three-fifths of an inch in diameter. (6) The bore of the stem shall be such that the position of the top of the mercury column shall be readily distinguishable at a distance of four feet. (c) The scale from 45° to 85° shall extend over not less than 5 inches, beginning not less than 1| inches from the top of the bulb. Bach degree and half-degree, between 45° and 85°, shall be clearly marked on the stem by means of horizontal lines, which shall be shorter for half-degrees than for whole degrees, and shall be readily distinguishable at a distance of two feet. (d) The markings as above shall be accurate ; that is to say, at no temperature between 45° and 85° shall the indicated reading be in error by more than two-tenths of a degree. (e) A distinctive number shall be indelibly marked upon the ' thermometer. (/) A dated certificate of examination of the thermometer, and of its compliance with Condition 2, specifying its distinctive number as above, from the National Physical Laboratory or other authoritv approved by the Chief Inspector of Factories, shall be kept attached to the Humidity Register. If an Inspector gives notice in writing that a thermometer is not accurate, it shall not after one month from the date of such notice be deemed to be accurate unless and until it has been re-examined as above, and a fresh certificate obtained which certificate shall be kept attached to the Humidity Register 186 Special Modifications and Extensions :^-Cotton Cloth Factories. (q) Tlie construction shall be such that the thermometer may be exposed without injury to a temperature of 110°. 3. Each hygrometer shall be so moimted that — (a) No part of the wet-bulb shall be within 3| inches from the dry-bulb or within 3 inches from the surface of the water in the reservoir, and the water reservoir shall be below it, on the side of it away from the dry-bulb. (6) The bulb of each thermometer shall be freely exposed on all sides to the air of the room. (c) The corresponding points of the two thermometers shall be on the same level. There shall be marked on the frame of each hygrometer, in such manner as to be readily distinguishable at a distance of six feet, {d) The words " Wet " and " Dry," respectively over (or near to) the wet-bulb and dry-bulb thermometers ; and (c) The temperatures of 50°, 60°, 70°, 80°, and 90°, by horizontal lines and figures ; and (/) The temperatures of 45°, 55°, 65°, 75° and 85°, by horizontal lines, shorter than those marked in pursuance of Regulation 3 (e) ; except that for the wet-bulb thermometer the temperature of 75° shall be conspicuously marked by an arrow or similar distinctive device. 4. Each hygrometer shall be maintained at all times during the period of employment in efficient working order, so as to give accurate indications ; and in particular, (a) The wick and the muslin covering of the wet-bulb shall be renewed once a week. (b) The reservoir shall be filled with distilled water or pure rain water, which shall be completely renewed once a day. (c) No water shall.be placed in the reservoir, or applied directly to the wick or covering, during the period of employment. 5.. No hygrometer, shall be affixed to a wall, pillar or other surface, unless protected therefrom by wood or other non-conducting material at least half an inch in thickness and distant at least one inch from the bulb of each thermometer. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 18th March, 1912. special' Modifications and Extensions Textile Factories. -Humid 187 (2) Humid Textile Factories. Okdek, dated December 24, 1898,* as to the Maximum Limits OF Humidity of Atmosphere to be Observed in the spiNNraa OF Merino, Cashmere or Wool by the " French " or " Dry Process. 1898. No. 1114. Whereas by sub-section (1) of section 31 of the Factory and Work- shop Act, 1895,t it is enacted that— " The Cotton Cloth Factories Act, 1889, shall apply to every textile factory in which atmospheric humidity is artificially produced by steaming or other mechanical appliances, and which is not for the time being subject to special rules under section 8 of the A',t of 1891, with such modifications of the schedule with respect to the maximum limits of humidity as the Secretary of State by order made in accord- ance with section 65 of the principal Act may direct." And whereas I am satisfied that a modification of the said schedule is necessary in respect of factories where the spinning of merino, cashmere, and wool by the " French " or " dry " process is carried on. Now therefore, I, the Eight Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order made in pursuance of the above-mentioned sections, do hereby direct that so far as relates to factories in which the spinning of merino, cashmere, or wool by the " French ." or " dry " process is carried on, schedule A of the Cotton Cloth Factories Act, 1889 (52 and 53 Vict, cap. 62) shall be modified so as to read as follows : — , Schedule of the Maximum Limits of Humidity of Atmosphere to be observed at given temperatures in- factories in which the spinning of merino, cashmere, or wool by the " French " or " dry " process ^on. I. Grains of Vapour per Cubic foot of Air. , II. Dry Bulb Thermometer Readings. Degrees Fahrenheit. III. Wet Bulb Thermometer Readings. Degrees Fahrenheit. IV. Percentage of Humidity (Saturation =100). 1-9 35 33 i 80 2-0 36 34 82 2 1 37 35 83 2-2 38 36 83 2-3 39 37 84 2-4 40. 38- 84 2-5 41 39 84 2-6 42 40 85 2-7 43 41 84 2 '8 44 42 84 2-9 45 43 85 3 1 46 • 44 86 3-2 47 45 86 3-3 48 46 86 * This Order was gazetted December 30, 1898. t 58 & 59 Vict. c. 37 ; now s. 96 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. 188 Special Modifications and Extensions : — ^Humid Textile Factories. I. Grains of Vapour per Cubic foot of Air. II. Dry Bulb Thermometer Readings. Degrees Fahrenheit. ni. Wet Bulb Thermometer Readings. Degrees Falienheit. IV. Percentage of Humidity (Saturation =100). .3-4 49 47 ■ 86 3-5 50 48 86 3-6 51 49 86 3-8 52 50 86 3 9 53 51 86 4 1 54 52 86 4-2 55 53 87 4-4 56 54 87 4-5 57 55 87 4-7 58 56 87 4-9 59 57 88 5 1 60 58 88 5-2 61 59 88 5-4 62 60 88 5-6 63 61 88 5-8 64 62 88 6 65 63 88 6-2 66" 64 88 6-4 67 65 88 6-6 68 66 88 6-9 69 67 88 7-1 70 68 88 7-3 71 69 88 7-6 72 70 89 • . 7-8 73 71 89 8-1 74 72 89 8-4 75 73 89 8-6 76 74 89 8-9 77 75 89 9-2 78 76 89 9-5 79 77 90 9-8 80 78 90 10 1 81 79 90 10-6 82 80 90 10-8 83 81 90 11 1 84 82 90 11-5 85 ' 83 90 11-8 86 84 90 12-2 87 85 90 12-6 88 86 90 13 89 87 90 13-4 90 88 . 90 13-8 91 89 90 14-2 92 90 90 14-7 93 91 90 16 l 94 92 90 15-5 95 93 91 16 96 94 90 16-5 97 95 90 17-0 98 96 90 17-5 99 97 91 18 100 98 1 90 This Order shall come into force Whitehall, 24th December, 1898 on the 1st day of January, 1899. M. W. Ridley. Home Work. 1^9 (3) Grinding in Tenement Factories. Order, dated October 25, 1897, allowing Grindstones to be RUN IN FRONT OF OTHER GRINDSTONES IN CERTAIN CASES. 1897. No. 796. Whereas it is provided by Section 25* of the Factory and Workshop Act 1895 (58 and 59 Vict. c. 37), that where grinding is carried on m a tenement factory the owner shall be responsible for the observance of the regulations set forth in the First Schedulef to the Act. And whereas the seventh of such regulations is as follows :— "Except in pursuance of a special exemption granted by the Secretary of State no grindstones shall be run before any fireplace or in front of another grindstone." Ajid whereas I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, am satisfied that a special exemption from the foregoing regulation may properly be granted in the cases hereinafter specified. I hereby grant a special exemption, as follows : — The said regulations shall not apply to the running of any grindstone in front of Bolster Stones used by table blade grinders, and Humping and Shank Stones used by scissors-grinders. M. W. Ridley. Home Office, Whitehall, 25th October, 1897. HOME WORK. The Home Work Order of the 10th April, 1911.J 1911. No. 394. In pursuance of Sections 107, 108, and 110 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,§ I hereby make the following Order : — 1. Section 107 (relating to lists of out- workers) and Section 108 (relating to employment in imwholesome premises) shall apply to the following classes of Work : — The making, cleaning, washing, altering, ornamenting, finishing, and repairing of wearing apparel ; * Now s. 88 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. t Now Third Schedule to the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. i This Order was gazetted April 28, 1911. § 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. 190 Home Work. The making up, ornamenting, finishing and repairing of table linen bed linen or other household linen (iitcluding in the term linen, articles of cotton or cotton and linen mixtures) and any processes incidental thereto ; The making, ornamenting, mending, and finishing of lace and of lace curtains and nets ; The making of curtains and furniture hangings and any processes incidental thereto ; Cabinet and furniture making and upholstery work ; The making of electro-plate ; The making of files ; The manufacture of brass and of any articles or parts of articles of brass (including in the term brass any alloy or compoimd of copper with zinc or tin) ; Fur-pulling ; The making of iron and steel cables and chains ; The making of iron and steel anchors and grapnels ; The making of cart gear, including swivels, rings, loops, gear buckles, muUin bits, hooks, and attachments of all kinds ; The making of locks, latches, and keys ; The making or repairing of umbrellas, sunshades, parasols, or parts thereof ; The making of artificial flowers ; The making of nets other than wire nets ; The making of tents ; The making or repairing of sacks ; The covering of racquet or tennis balls ; The making of paper bags ; The making of boxes or other receptacles or parts thereof made wholly or partially of paper, cardboard, chip, or similar material ; The making of brushes ; Pea picking ; Feather sorting ; The carding, boxing, or packeting of buttons, hooks and eyes, pins, and hair pins ; The making of stuffed toys ; The making of baskets ; And any processes incidental to the above. 2. Section 110 (relating to the prohibition of home work in places where there is infectious disease) shall apply to the following classes of work : — The making, cleaning, washing, altering, ornamenting, finishing and repairing of wearing apparel and any work incidental thereto (as in the said section specified) ; The maldng up, ornamenting, finishing and repairing of table linen, bed linen or other household linen (including in the term linen, articles of cotton or cotton and linen mixtures) and any processes incidental thereto ; The making, ornamenting, mending, and finishing of lace and of lace curtains and nets ; Home Work. 1^1 The making of curtains and furniture hangings and any processes incidental thereto ; Upholstery work ; Fur-pulling-; The making or repairing of umbrellas, sunshadfes, parasols, or parts thereof ; The making of artificial flowers ; The making of nets otitier than wire nets ; The making of tents ; - ■ The making or repairing of sacks ; The covering of racquet or tennis balls ; , The making of paper bags ; The making of boxes or other receptacles or parts thereof made wholly or partially of paper, cardboard, chip, or similar material ; The making of brushes. , Pea picking ; Feather sorting ; The carding, boxing, or packeting of buttons, hooks and eyes, pins and hair pins ; The making of stuffed toys ; The making of baskets ; And any processes incidental to the above. 3. The lists of out-workers required to be kept by Section 107 and the copies thereof shall be kept and made in the form and manner and with the particulars shown in the Schedule hereto. 4. This Order mav be referred to as the Home Work Order of the 10th April, 1911. 5. The Home Work Order of the 23rd May, 1907, is hereby revoked. W. S. Churchia, One of His Majesty's Principal Home Office, Whitehall, Secretaries of State. 10th April, 1911. ScheMe. List op Out- workers. A correct list of out-workers employed in the following classes of work — (1) the making, cleaning, washing, altering, ornamenting, finishing, and repairing of wearing apparel. (2) the making-up, ornamenting, finishing, and repairing of table linen, bed linen, or other household linen (including in the term linen, articles of cott n or cotton and linen mixtures) and any processes incidental thereto ; (3) the making, ornamenting, mending, and finishing of lace and of lace curtains and nets ; (4) the making of curtains and furniture hangings and any processes irfcidental thereto ; (5) cabinet and furniture making and upholstery work ; (6) the making of electro-plate ; (7) the making of files ; (8) the manufacture of brass and of any articles or parts of articles of brass (including in the term brass any alloy or compound of copper with zinc or tin). 192 Home Work. (9) fui -pulling ; ■(10) the making of iron and steel cables and chains ; (11) the making of iron and steel anchors and grapnels ; <12) the making of cart gear, including swivels, rings, loops, gear buckles, muUin bits, hooks, and attachments of all kinds ; ((13) the maMng of locks, latches, and keys ; (14) the making or repairing of umbrellas, sunshades, parasols, or parts thereof ; (15) the making of artificial flowers ; (16) the making of nets other than wire nets ; (17) the making of tents ; (18) the making or repairing of sacks ; (19) the covering of racquet or tennis balls ; (20) the making of paper bags ; (21) the making of boxes or other receptacles or parts thereof made wholly or partially of paper, cardboard, chip, or similar material ; (22) the making of brushes ; (23) pea picking ; (24) feather sorting ; (25) the carding, boxing, or packeting of buttons, hooks and eyes, pins, and hair pins ; (26) the making of stuffed toys ; (27) the making of baskets ; and any processes incidental to the above must be kept in the form and with the particulars specified below in the factory or workshop or place from which the work is given out, and must be open to inspection by H.M. Inspectors and the officers of the local authority ; and a copy of the list signed and dated and corrected up to that date must be forwarded to the local authority of the district on or before the first day of Tebruary and on the first day of August in each year. In order that the list may be correct, the name of any person newly taken into employment should be immediately entered, and the name of any person ceasing to be employed should be immediately struck out. Factory, Workshop, or Place fFull Postal Address from which the work is -^ Business : given out LName of occupier. ia) Give name of employee. ih) Say whether the •occupier or a contractor employed by the occupier. List of Persons directly employed by (a) (&) in the business of, but outside, the above Factory, Workshop, or Place, in the classes of work specified above. Name in full. (1) Whether employed as Workman (W). or Contractor (C). (2) Class of work. (Specify by means of index numbers as above.) (3) Place of Employment, i.e., place where the work is actually done, (4) Address. [No entry need be made in this column if the entry in column (4) is a sufficient address.] (5) Home Work. 193 The Home Wokk Ordee of the 9th February, 1912.* 1912. No. 158. In pursuance of Sections 107, 108, and 110 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901 ,t I hereby make the following Order :— 1. Section 107 (relating to Usts of out- workers), Section 108 (relating to employment in unwholesome premises), and Section 110 (relating to the prohibition of home work in places where there is infectious disease) shall apply to the following classes of work :— The Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats, and any Work incidental thereto. 2. The list of out-workers required to be kept by Section 107 and the copies thereof shall be kept and made in the form and manner and with the particulars shown in the Schedule to the Home Work Order of the 10th April, 1911. 3. This Order may be referred to as the Home Work Order of the 9th February, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 9th February, 1912. The Home Work Order oe the 20th January, 1913.J 1913. No. 91. In pursuance of Sections 107, 108, and 110 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901t I hereby make the following Order :— 1. Section 107 (relating to lists of outworkers). Section 108 (relating to employment in unwholesome premises), and Section 110 (relating to the prohibition of home work in places where there is infectious disease) shall apply to the following classes of work : — 1. The making or filluig of Cosaques, Christmas Crackers, Christ- mas Stockings or similar articles or parts thereof, and any work incidental thereto. 2. The weaving of any textile fabric, and any process incidental thereto. 2. The list of outworkers required to be kept by Section 107 and the copies thereof shall be kept and made in the form and manner and with the particulars shown in the Schedule to the Home Work Order of the 10th April, 1911. 3. This Order may be referred to as the Home Work Order of the 20th January, 1913. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 20th January, 1913. » This Order was gazetted February 20, 1912. f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. * This Order was gazetted January 31, 191.3. {b247— Gp. 15) o 194 Particulars :— Textile Workshops, PARTICULARS OF WORK AND WAGES. (1) Textile Workshops. Order, dated September 2, 1898.* 1898. No. 652. Whereas it is enacted by subsection (6) of section 40t of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1895 (58 and 59 Vict. c. 37), that the Secretary of State, on being satisfied by the report of an inspector that the provisions of the said section are applicable to any class of non-textile factories or to any class of workshops, may, if he thinks fit, by Order made in accordance with section 65 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878 (41 & 42 Vict. c. 16), apply the provisions of the section to any such class subject to such modifications as may in his opinion be necessary for adapting those provisions to the circumstances of the case : And whereas I am satisfied upon the report of an inspector that the provisions of the section are applicable to the class of workshops hereinafter specified : And whereas 1 am of opinion that no modifications are necessary for adapting these provisions to the circumstances of the case in the said workshops : Now, I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order made in pursuance of the above-recited sections, apply the provisions of the said section 40 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1895,t without modification, to the class of workshops in which is carried on the — Preparing, Manufacturing, or Finishing, or any process INCIDENT to the MANUFACTURE OF CoTTON, WoOL, HaIR, Silk, Flax, Hemp, Jute, Tow, China Grass, Cocoanut Fibre or other like Material, either separately or mixed together or mixed with any other material OR any fabric made thereof. Provided that print works, bleaching and dying works, lace ware- houses, paper mills, flax scutch mills, rope works, and hat works shall not be included. This Order shall come into force on the 1st day of October, 1898. M. W. Ridley. Home Ofiice, Whitehall, September 2, 1898. * This Order was gazetted September 9, 1898. t Now s. 116 (5) of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901. Particulars :— Pens. 195 (2) Making of Pens. Order, dated July 12, 1900* 1900. No. 521. Whereas it is enacted by subsection (6) of section 40f of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1895 (58 & 59 Vict. c. 37), that the Secretary of State on being satisfied by the report of an inspector that the provisions of the said section are applicable to any class of non-textile factories or to any class of workshops, may, if he thinks fit, by Order made in accordance with section 65 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1878 (41 & 42 Vict. c. 16), apply the provisions of the section to any such class subject to such modifications as may in his opinion be necessary for adapting those provisions to the circumstances of the case : And whereas I am satisfied on the rpport of an inspector that the provisions of the section are applicable to the classes of factories and workshops hereinafter specified : And whereas I am of opinion that certain modifications are necessary for adapting these provisions to the circumstances of the case in the said factories and workshops : Now I, the Right Honourable Sir Matthew White Ridley, Baronet, one of Her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, by this Order made in pursuance of the above-recited sections, apply the provisions of the said section 40 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1895,1 subject to the modifications hereinafter contained, to the classes of factories and workshops in which is carried on the Making of Pens. The said section shall be modified so as tp read as follows : — (1.) The occupier shall for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, and -also particdars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as fpllows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done either (i.) by handing him a written- or printed statement of such particulars when the work is given out to him ; or * This Order was gazetted July 17, 1900. t Now B. 116 (5) of the Factory and Wor'ffihop Act, 190], (B 247-Gp. 15) o 2 196 Particulars : — Locks, Latches, and Keys. (ii.) by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible. (6.) Such particulars of the work to be done as afEect the amount of wages payable to each worker shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier fails to comply with the reqxiirements of this section, he shall be liable, for each ofience to a fine of not more than ten poimds, and, in the case of a second or subse- quent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that ofEence, not less than one poimd. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid factories or workshops, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st day of August, 1900. M. W. Ridley. .Home Office, Whitehall, 12th July, 1900. (3) Making of Locks, Latches, and Keys. Order, dated July 14, 1902.* 1902. No. 560. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the * This Order was gazetted July 22, 1902. -f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Particulars :— Locks, Latches, and Keys. 197 modifications hereinafter contained, to Factories and Workshops in which is carried on the Making of Locks, Latches, and Keys, and to out-workers employed in the making of locks, latches, and keys, and the occupiers or contractors by whom they are employed. The said section shall he modified so as to read as follows :— (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applica- ble to the work to be done, as follows : — (a.) The particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done by each worker shall be fur- nished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him, or, in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, shall be exhibited in the room in which he is employed on a placard not containing any other matter than the par- ticulars of the rates of wages of persons employed in that room, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by all persons affected thereby. (&.) Such particulars shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in the making of locks, latches, and keys, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of diAOilging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If any one for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this order the term " out-worker " means any person employed in the busiriess of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also any person employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. 198 Particulars : — Chains, Anchors, and Cart Gear. The Order dated the 20th August, 1897, is hereby repealed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st August, 1902. Chas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State, Home Office, Whitehall, 14th July, 1902. (4) Making of Chains, Anchors, and Cart Gear. Order, dated July 14, 1902.* 1902. No. 561. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,"j" I hereby make the following Order : — • The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modi- fications hereinafter contained, to Factories and Workshops in which is carried on any of the following classes of work : — Making of Iron and Steel Cables and Chains ; Making of Iron and Steel Anchors and Grapnels. Making of Cart Gear, including swivels, rings, loops, gear buckles, muUin bits, hooks, and attachments of all kinds ; and to out-workers employed in those classes of work, and to the occupiers or contractors by whom they are employed. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, either (i). by handing him a written or printed state- ment of such particulars when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) by supplying him with such particulars in print or in writing at the time of his employ- ment, and on every subsequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or (iii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars * This Order was gazetted July 22, 1902. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. Particulars :— Chains, Anchors, and Cart Gear. 199 in the factory or workshop on a placard con- taining no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. (6.) Such particulars of the work to be done or which has been done by each worker as aSect the amount of wages payable to him shall be famished to him in writing, either at the time when the work is given out to him or when it is brought in by him. If he is required to return such written particulars to the occupier or to any other person, a copy thereof shall be furnished to him, which he may retain for his own use. \c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the re- quirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that ofience, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out-worker " means any person employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also an-y person employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. The Order dated the 10th August, 1897, is hereby repealed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st August, 1902. Chas. T. Ritchie, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 14th July, 1902. 200 Particulars :— Felt Hats. (5) Making of Felt Hats. Order, dated April 22, 1903.* 1903. No. 334. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifications hereinafter contained, to Factories and Workshops in which is carried on the following class of work : — • Making of Felt Hats ; and to out-workers employed in that class of work, and to the occupiers or contractors by whom they are employed. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — • (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — • (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, (i.) by handing him a written or printed statement of such particulars when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) In the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard con- taining no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. (&.) Such particulars of the work to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for eac'E^ffence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of » second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. * This Order was gazetted April 28, 1903. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. Particulars :— Various Industries. 201 (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so- engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out-worker " means any person employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also any person employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. The Order dated the 30th November, 1897, is hereby repealed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st June, 1903, A. Akers-Doicglas, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of _ State. Home Office, Whitehall, 22nd April, 1903. (6) Various Industries. Order, dated May 23, 1907.* 1907. No. 409. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order :^ The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifications hereinafter contained, to non-textile factories and workshops in which any of the industries mentioned in the Schedule is carried on, and to outworkers employed in thoseindustries and the occupiers and contractors by whom they are employed. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, • This Order was gazetted May 25, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, >.. 22. 202 Particulars : — Various Industries. and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him either — (i.) by handing to him such particulars in writing when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rate of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. (6.) Such particulars of the work given out to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the industries men- tioned in the Schediile, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone, for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out- worker " means any person employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also any person employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. This Order shall come into force on the 1st August, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Oifice, Whitehall, 23rd May, 1907. Particulars :— Making of Nets ; Peapicking. 203 Schedule. ♦J'Ae making of boots and shoes ; . u « The making or repairing of umbrellas, sunshades, parasols or parts thereof ; The making of artificial flowers ; Fustian cutting ; The making of tents ; The making or repairing of sacks ; The making of rope or twine ; The covering of racquet or tennis balls ; The making of paper bags ; The making of boxes or other receptacles or. parts thereof made wholly or partially of paper, cardboard, chip or similar material ; The making of brushes ; Relief stamping ; Warehouse processes in the manufacture of articles of food, drugs, perfumes, blacking or other boot and shoe dressings, starch, blue, soda, or soap ; And any processes incidental to the above. (7) Making of Nets ; Peapicking. Order, dated May 23, lOOT.f 1907. No. 410. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- .cations hereinafter contained, to non-textile factories and workshops in which any of the industries mentioned in tlie Schedule is carried on, and to outworkers employed in those industries and the occupiers and contractors by whom they are employed. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amoimt of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows :— (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him either — (i.) by handing to him such particulars in writing when the work is given out to him ; or * This Order, in so far as it relates to the making of boots and shoes, was revoked by, and its -provisions re-enacted with modifications in the Wearing Appa; el Order of September 14, 1909, see p. 207. t This Order was gazetted May 25, 1907. { 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 204 Particiilars : — ^Making of Nets ; Peapicking. (ii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rate of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. (6.) Such particulars of the work given out to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to -him ; provided that where, owing to the nature of the work, any of the said particulars are not ascer- tainable imtil the work is completed, those particulars may be furnished in writing when the Work is completed. (c.) The particidars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years horn the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the industries men- tioned in the Schedule, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone, for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out- worker " means any person employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also any person employed by the occupier of any. place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. This Order shall come into force on the 1st August, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23rd May, 1907. Particulars :— Brass Casting, &c. iOo Schedule. The making of nets other than wire nets ; Pea-pioking ; And any processes incidental to the above. (8) Mixing, Casting, or Manufacture of Brass or of Articles of Brass, and tlie Electro Depositing of Brass. Order dated September 23, 1907.* 1907. No. 792. In purstiance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- cations hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops in which the undermentioned processes or any of them are carried on, and to out-workers employed in those processes, and the occupiers or con- tractors by whom they are employed : — The mixing, casting, and Manufacture ov brass and of any articles or parts of articles of brass and the electro de- positing OP brass (including in the term brass any alloy or compound of copper with zinc or tin), except when carried on as a subsidiary process in shipbuilding yards or in marine locomotive or other engine building works, or in general engineering works, or in machine tool works. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1). The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, came to be published particulars of the rate of wages applic- able to the work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — • (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, either (i.) by handing him such particulars, in writing, when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) by supplying him with such particulars in writing at the time of his employment, and on every sub- sequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or (iii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no * This Order was gazetted October 11, 1907. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22, 206 ■ Particulars : — Brass Casting, &c. other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. Provided that if in any case the work given out is of a novel kind for which no rate of wages has been fixed, and if the employer and workman for the purpose of arriving at a rate for the work so agree, it shall not be necessary for particulars of the rate of wages to be furnished when the work is given out provided such particulars are furnished to the worker when the work is completed. (b.) Such particulars of the work given out to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols ; but this shall not prevent the occupier or contractor from describ- ing any work which is of a standard kind known to the persons employed by a particular number, letter, or name, by means of such number, letter, or name. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten poimds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pomids. (4.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out-worker " means any person employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or work- shop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him, and also any person employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him. Particulars :— "Wearing Apparel. 207 This Order shall come into force on the 1st November, 1907. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23r(i September, 1907. (9) Wearing Apparel. Order, dated September 14, 1909.* 1909. No. 1027. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order : — • The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modi- fications hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops in which the undermentioned, processes, or any of them, are carried on, and to out-workers employed in those processes and the occupiers and con- tractors by whom they are employed : — The making, altering, ornamenting, finishing, and repairing of wearing apparel ; and any work incidental thereto. Provided that this Order shall not apply to any work to which the Felt Hat Particulars Order dated April 22nd, 1903, J applies. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applic- able to the work given out, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work given out to him either, (i.) by furnishing him with a written or printed state- ment of such particulars when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) In the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. * This Order was gazetted September 21, 1909. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. X See p. 200. 208 Particulars : — Wearing Apparel. (b.) Such particulars of the work given out to each worker as aiiect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (2.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (3.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the processes afore- said, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (4.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " ©utworker " means — (a.) Any workman employed in the business of a factory or workshop outside the factory or workshop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him. (b.) Any workman employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out, or by a contractor employed by him in connection with the said work. (c.) Any contractor employed by the occupier of a factory or workshop on the business of the factory or workshop outside the factory or workshop, or employed by the occupier of a place from which work is given out in connection with the said work, except a contractor who does not personally do any part of the work which he vtnder takes. Provided that in the last-mentioned case a person employing a contractor shall not be liable to a fine for any failure to furnish him with particulars if he shows to the satisfaction of the Court that he had reasonable ground for believing that the contractor was the occupier of a factory or workshop and that the work given out would be wholly done by persons employed by the contractor and no part thereof by the contractor personally. The Orders of the 5th January and 17th December, 1903, relating to Wholesale Tailoring and the making, altering, ornamenting, finishing, and repairing of wearing apparel, and so much of the Order of the 23rd May, 1907,* as relates to the making of boots and shoes are hereby repealed. * See pp. 201-5:03. Particulars :— Cartridges ; Tobacco. 209 This Order shall come into force in the 1st day of October, 1909. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 14th September, 1909. (10) Manufacture of Cartridges. Manufacture of Tobacco. Oedee, dated Novembee 15, 1909.* 1909. No. 1337. In pursuance of section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modi- fications hereinafter contained, to factories or workshops in which any of the following industries is carried on : — The manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats^ ; The Manufactuee of Caeteidges ; The Manufactuee of Tobacco. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and rate of wages applicable thereto, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, either on each occasion when the work is given out to him, or,at or before the time of his first employment on the work,, and on every subsequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or he shall exhibit such particulars on a placard in the depart- ment in which the work is done. (6.) Such particulars of the nature and amount of the work to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. Provided that (i) it shall not be necessary to furnish particulars of the nature of the work where the work is of a standard class which is sufficiently * This Order waa gazetted November 23, 1909. t 1 Edw. 7, 0. 22. i This Order in so far as it relates to the manufacture of chocolates and sweet- meats was revoked by, and its provisions re-enacted with modifications in the Order of February 27, 1912, see pp. 221-3. (B 247— Gp. 1.5) p 210 Particulars :— Cartridges ; Tobacco. indicated by the materials given out and which ia. denoted in a placard exhibited as aforesaid and containing the rate of wage for the work by a description or name sufficiently indicating its nature ; (ii) if particulars of the amount of work on which the worker is paid are not ascertainable until the work is completed, such particulars shall as soon as practicable after the completion of the work be furnished in writing to the worker or exhibited on a placard in the department in which the work is done. (2.) Where the work is given out to be done in common by a gang of workers the particulars required to be given shall be — (a) the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done by the gang and the proportions (if fixed by the employer) according to which the wages of the several members of the gang are calculated ; (6) Such particulars of the work to be done by the gang as afEect the amount payable to the gang. The occupier may in lieu of furnishing each member of the gang with written particulars of the work, exhibit them on a placard in the department in which the work is to be done. (3.) If the worker is required to return any written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the worker which he may retain for his own use, or (h) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars, and such entry shall at the worker's request be examined by the person who receives the work on behalf of the employer, and if found correct, initialled by him. (4.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (5.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages or of work as the case may be, and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose work the particulars relate. (6.) If the occupier fails to comply with the requirements of this section-, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (7.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (8.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or Particulars :— Bleaching and Dyeing ; Printing 211 : of Cotton Cloth. causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing^such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st January, 1910. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. ' Home Office, Whitehall, 15th November, 1909. (11) Bleaching and Dyeing. Printing of Cotton Cloth. OilDER, DATED NOVEMBER 22, 1909.* 1909. No. 1370. In pursuance of Section 116 of th? Factory and "Workshop Act, ' 1901,t I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modi- fications hereinafter contained, to^ Bleaching and Dyeing Works, and Factories and Workshops or parts thereof in which the Printing of Cotton Cloth is carried on. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier shall, for the purpose of enabUng each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and rate of wages applicable thereto, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, either on each occasion when the work is given out to him, or at or before the time of his first employment on the work, and on every subsequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or he shall exhibit such particulars on a placard in the department in which the work is done. (6.) Such particulars of the work to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (2.) Where the work is given out to be done in common by a gang of workers, the particulars required to be given shall be — (a.) the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done by the gang and th-? proportions (if fixed by the employer) according to which the wages of the several members of the gang are calculated ; (6.) such particulars of the work to be done by the gang as afiect the amount payable to the gang. ♦ Thia Order was gazetted November 26, 1909. t I Edw. 7, c. 22. (b247— Gp. 16) P 2 212 Particulars : — Iron Safes. The occupier may in lieu of furnishing each member of the gang with written particulars of the work, exhibit them on a placard in the department in which the work is to be done. (3.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by nieans of symbols. (4.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages or of work as the case may be, and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose work the particulars relate. (5.) If the occupier fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that ofEence, not less than one pound. (6.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the. aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (7.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st January, 1910.. H. J. Gladstone, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 22nd November, 1909. (12) Making of Iron Safes. Order, dated April 29, 1911.* 1911. No. 413. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,-t" I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modi- fications hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops or parts thereof in which is carried on the following class of work :— The Making of Iron Safes. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the * This Order was gazetted Majr 5, 1911. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. Particulars : — Iron Safes. 213 work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particu- lars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him, either on each occasion when the work is given out to him or at or before the time of his first employment, and on every subsequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or he shall exhibit such particulars on a placard in the depart- ment where the work is done. Provided that if the rates are not ascertainable before the work is given out, the particulars shall be furnished to the worker in writing when the work is completed. (6.) Such particulars of the work given out to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the tiine when the work is given out to him. (2.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols ; but this shall not prevent the occupier from describing any work which is of a standard kind known to the persons employed by a particidar number, letter or name, by means of such number, letter or name. (3.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of ' wages and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose work the particulars relate. (4.) If the occupier fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten poimds, and, in the case of a second or subse- quent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (5.) If anyone engaged as a worker in the aforesaid class of work having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particu- lars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (6.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st Jxme, 1911. W. S. Churchill, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 29th April, 1911. 214 Particulars : — Household Linen ; Curtains and Furniture Hangings ; Lace. (13) Household Linen ; Curtains and Furniture Hangings ; Lace. Order, dated October 25, 1911.* 1911. No. 1046. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- cations hereinafter contained, to non-textile factories and workshops or parts thereof in which the undermentioned classes of work, or any of them, are carried on, and to out-workers employed in those classes of work and the occupiers and contractors by whom they are employed ; — - (1.) The making up, ornamenting, finishing and repairing of table linen, bed linen or othkr household linen (including IN THE TERM LINEN, ARTICLES OE COTTON OR cotton and linen mixtures), and any processes inci- dental thereto. (2.) The making of curtains and furniture hangings and ANY processes INCIDENTAL THERETO. (3.) Processes incidental to the making of lace. Provided that this Order shall not apply to any work to which the Bleaching and Dyeing Particulars Order, dated 22nd November, 1909,t applies. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applic- able to the work given out, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work given out to him either, (i.) by furnishing liim with a written or printed state- ment of such particulars when the work is given out to him ; or (ii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or work- shop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in apposition where it is easily legible by the workers. (6.) Such particulars of the work given out to each worker as afEect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. ♦ Ihis Order was gazattBd.OctQber 27, 191 L.^- f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. t 5'eep. 211. Particulars :— Household Linen ; Curtains and 215 Furniture Hangings ; Lace. (2 ) If the worker is required to return any written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the worker which he may retain for his own use, or (&) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars ; this book shall be produced by the worker for examination by the person receiving the "work on behalf of the employer, who shall initial the entry if found correct. (3,). If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the re- quirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (4.) If any one engaged as a worker in any of the classes of work aforesaid having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. <5.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " outworker " means— (a.) Any workman employed in the business of a factory or work- shop outside the factory or workshop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him. {}).) Any workman employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out or by a contractor employed by him in connection with the said work. (c.) Any contractor employed by the occupier of a factory or work- shop on the business of the factory or workshop outside the factory or workshop, or employed by the occupier of a place from which work is' given out in connection with the said work, except a contractor who does not personally do any part of the work which he undertakes. Provided that in the last-mentioned case a person employing a contractor shall not be liable to a fine for any failure to furnish him with particulars if he shows to the satisfaction of the Court that he had reasonable ground for believing that the contractor was the occupier of a factory or workshop and that the work given out would be wholly done by persons employed by the contractor and no part thereof by the contractor personally. This Order shall come into force on the 15th November, 1911. R. McKeniia, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Ofiiee, Whitehall, 25th October, 1911. 216 Particulars : — Laundries. (14) Laundries. Order, dated December 23, 1911.* 1911. No. 1294. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,t I hereby make the following Order :— The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- cations hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops which are LAUNDRIES. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows :— (1.) The occupier shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the- work and rate of wages applicable thereto, as follows : — - (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages appUcable to the work done by him in one- of the following ways : — (i.) by furnishing the worker with such particulars on each occasion when the work is given out to the worker ; (ii.) by furnishing the worker at or before the time of his first employment on any class of work with a notice containing the particulars applicable to that class of work, and on every subsequent occasion when new rates are fixed, a further notice stating the new rates- and the date from which they are to come into operation. If the worker accidentally loses or destroys his notice, another copy shall be furnished to him by the employer free of charge ; (iii.) by ekhibiting such particulars on a placard in the department in which the work is done. (6.) Such particulars of the nature and amount of the work to be done by each worker as~afiect the amomit of wages pay- able to him shall be furnished in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. Provided that (i.) it shall not be necessary to furnish particulars of the nature of the work where the work is of a standard class which is sufficiently indicated by the materials given out and which is denoted in a placard exhibited as aforesaid and containing the rate of wage for the work by a description or name sufficiently indicating its nature ; (ii.) if particulars of the amount of work on which the worker is paid are not ascertainable until the work is completed, such particulars shall be furnished in writing to the worker when the work is completed. * This Order was gazetted December 29, 1911. -f 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Particulars :— Files. 217 (2.) If the worker is required to return any written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the worker which he may retain for his own use, or (6) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars; this book shall be produced by the worker for examination by the person receiving the work on behalf of the employer, who shall initial the entry if found correct. (3.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (4.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages or of work as the case may be, and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose Work the particulars relate. (5.) If the occupier fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten poimds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (6.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any factory or workshop as aforesaid having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (7.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person, so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st February, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23rd December, 1911. (15) Making of Files. Oeder, dated December 23, 1911.* 1911. No. 1292. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,-|- I hereby make the following Order :— The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifications hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops or parts thereof in which is carried on the following class of work : — * This Order was gazetted Docember 29, 1911. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. 218 Particulars :— Files. The Making of Files, and to outworkers employed in that class of work and to the occupiers or contractors by whom they are employed : — The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the pujpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done, and also particulars of the work to which that rate is to be applied, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him in one of the following ways : — (i.) by furnishing the worker with such particulars on each occasion when the work is given out to the worker ; (ii.) by furnishing the worker at or before the time of his first employment on any class of work with a notice containing the particulars applicable to that class of work, and on every subsequent occasion when new rates are fixed, a further notice stating the new rates and the -date from which they are to come into operation. If the worker accidentally loses or destroys his notice, another copy shall be furnished to him by the employer free of charge, (iii.) in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop, by exhibiting such particulars in the factory or workshop on a placard containing no other matter than the rates of wages applicable to the work done in the factory or workshop, and posted in a position where it is easily legible by the workers. (6.) Such particulars of the work given out to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished to him in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. (c.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols ; but this shall not prevent the occupier or contractor from de- scribing any work which is of a standard kind known to the persons employed by a particular number, letter, or name, by means of such number, letter or name. (2.) If the worker is required to return any ■written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the worker which' he may retain for his own use, or (6) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars ; this book shall be produced by the worker for examination by the person receiving the wotk on behalf of the employer, who shall initial the entry if found correct. (3.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply wjth the re- quirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence Particulars :— Toy Balloons, Pouches, and Footballs 219 made from India-rubber. to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (4.) If anyone engaged as a worker in the aforesaid class of work having received such particulars, wiether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the par- ticulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (5.) If, anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " outworker " means — (a.) Any workman employed in the business of a factory or work- shop outside the factory or workshop, whether directly by the occupier thereof or by any contractor employed by him. (b.) Any workman employed by the occupier of any place from which work is given out or by a contractor employed by him in connection with the said work. (c.) Any contractor employed by the occupier of a factory or work- shop on the business of the factory or workshop outside the factory or workshop, or employed by the occupier of a place from which work is given out in connection with the said work, except a contractor who does not personally do any part of the work which he undertakes. Provided that in the last-mentioned case a person emplojring a contractor shall not be liable to a fine for any failure to furnish him with particulars if he.shows to the satisfaction of the Court that he had reasonable ground for believing that the contractor was the occupier of a factory or workshop, and that the work given out would be wholly done by persons employed by the contractor and no part thereof by the contractor personally. This Order shall come into force on the 1st February, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Officp, Whitehall, 23rd December, 1911. (16) Manufacture of Toy Balloons, Pouches, and Footballs from India-rubber. Oedee, dated December 23, 1911.* 1911. No. 1293. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,f I hf reby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, sutject to the ir.odifications hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops or * This Order was gazetted December 29, 1911. t 1 Edw. 7, o. 22. 220 Particulars : — Toy Balloons, Pouches, and Footballs made from India-rubber. parts thereof in which are carried on the following classes of -work : — The Manufacture of Toy Balloons, Pouches, and Footballs FROM India-rubber. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows :— (1.) The occupier shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages pay- able to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and rate of wages applicable thereto, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him in one of the following ways : — (i.) by furnishing the worker with such particulars on each occasion when the work is given out to the worker ; (ii.) by furnishing the worker at or before the time of his first employment on any class of work with a notice containing the particulars applicable to that class of work, and on every subsequent occasion when new rates are fixed, a further notice stating the new rates and the date from which they are to come into operation. If the worker accidentally loses or destroys his notice, another copy shall be fur- nished to him by the employer free of charge ; (iii.) by exhibiting such particulars on a placard in the department in which the work is done. (6.) Such particulars of the work to be done by each worker as affect the amount of wages payable to-him shall be furnished in writing at the time when the work is given out to him : provided that if particulars of the amoimt of work on which the worker is paid are not ascertainable until the work is completed, such particulars shall be furnished in writing to the worker when the work is completed. (2.) If the worker is required to return any written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the. worker which he may retain for his own use, or (&) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars ; this book shall be produced by the worker for examination by the person receiving the work on behalf of the employer, who shall initial the entry if found correct. (3.) The particulars, either as to rates of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (4.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages, and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose work the particulars relate. (5.) If the occupier fails to comply with the requirements of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than Particulars :— Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats. 221 ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that ofEence, not less than one pound. (6.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (7.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be hable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st February, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 23rd December, 1911. (17) Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats. Order dated February 27, 1912.* 1912. No. 234. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, f I hereby make the following Order : — ■ The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- cations hereinafter contained, to factories and workshops in which the imdermentioned processes, or any of them, are carried on, and to out-workers employed in those processes and the occupiers and contractors by whom they are employed v — The Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats, and any WORK incidental THERETO. The said section shall be modified so as to read as -follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and rate of wages appHcable thereto, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him in one of the following ways : — (i.) by furnishing the worker with such particulars on each occasion when the work is given out to the worker ; (ii.) by furnishing the worker at or before the time of his first employment on any class of work with a notice containing the particulars applicable to • ThiE Order was gazetted March 8, 1912. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. 222 FartieulaiB : — Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats. that class of work, and on every subsequent occasion when new rates are fixedj a further notice stating the new rates and the date from which they are to come into operation. If the worker accidentally loses or destroys his notice, another copy shall be furnished to him by the employer free of charge ; (iii.) by exhibiting in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop such particulars on a placard in the department where the work is done. (6.) Such particulars of the nature and amount of the work to be done by each worker as afEect the amount of wages payable to him shall be furnished in writing at the time when the work is given out to him. Provided that in the case of persons employed in a factory or workshop (i) it shall not be necessary to furnish 2)ar- ticulars of the nature of the work where the work is of a standard class which is sufficiently indicated by the materials given out and which is denoted in a placard exhibited as aforesaid and containing the rate of wage for the' work by a description or name sufficiently indi- cating its nature ; (ii) if particulars of the amoimt of work on which the worker is paid are not ascerta.inable until the work is completed, such particulars shall as soon as practicable after the completion of the work be furnished in writing to the worker or exhibited on a placard in the department in which the work is done. (2.) Where the work is given out to be done in common by a gang of workers the particulars required to be given shall be — • (a) the rate of wages applicable to the work to be done by the gang and the proportions (if fixed by the employer) according to which the wages of the several members of the gang are calculated ; (6) such particulars of the work to be done by the gang as afEect the amount payable to the gang. The occupier may in lieu of furnishing each member of the gang with written particulars of _ the work, exhibit them on a placard in the department in which the work is to be done. (3.) If the worker is required to return any written particulars or to hand them on with the work to another worker, either (a) a copy shall be furnished to the worker which he njay retain for his own use, or (b) a book shall be supplied to the worker in which he may enter such particulars ; this book shall be produced by the worker for examination by the person receiving the work on behalf of the employer, who shall initial the entry if foimd correct. (4.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages of as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols. (5.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provision shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages or of Particulars :— Manufacture of Chocolates or Sweetmeats. 223 work as the ca«e may be, and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by kll persons to whose work the particulars relate. (6.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each ofEence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent conviction within two years from the last conviction for that ofEence; not less than one pound. (7.) If anyone engaged as a worker in any of the aforesaid classes of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly, to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the purpose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (8.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose, such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person,, or causes any- person to' be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. In this Order the term " out-worker " means — (a.) Any workman employed in the business of a factory or work- shop outside the factory or workshop, whether directly by the occupier' thereof or by any contractor employed by him. (6.) Any workman employed by the occupier of any place from which woW- is given out or by a contractor employed by him ' in connection with the said work, (c.) Any contractor employed by the occupier of a factory or workshop on the business of the factory or workshop outside the factory or workshop, or employed by the occupier of a place from which work is given out in connection with the said work, except a contractor who does not personally do any part of the work which he undertakes. Provided that in the last-mentioned case a person employing a contractor shall not be liable to a .fine for any failure to furnish him' with particulars if he shows to the satisfaction of the Court that he had reasonable ground for believing that the contractor was the occupier of a factory or workshop and that the work given out would be wholly done by persons employed by the contractor and no part thereof by the contractor personally. So much of the Order of the 15th November, 1909,* as relates to the manufacture of chocolates or sweetmeats is hereby repealed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st April, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, 27th February, 1912. * See p. 209, 224 Particulars :— Shipbuilding Yards. (18) Shipbuilding Yards. Order, dated August 23, 1912.* 1912. Np. 1297. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,'|" I hereby make the following Order : — The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifi- «ations hereinafter contained, to — Non-Textile Factories and Workshops which are Ship- building Yards, so far as concerns the Work of persons employed in the building or repairing of a ship. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling «ach worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount •of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and ra,te of wages applicable thereto, as follows : — (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him at or before the time of his first employment on the work and on every subsequent occasion when thg rates are fixed or ialtered ; or he shall exhibit such particulars on a placard in the factory or workshop. Provided that if the rates are not ascertainable before the work is given out, the particulars shall be furnished to the worker in writing when the work is completed. {b.) Such particulars of the work done as affect the amount of wages payable to each worker shaM be furnished to him in writing when the work is completed. (2.) Where the work is done in common by a gang of workers it shall be sufficient if the particulars of the work done by the gang and ■of the rate of wages applicable thereto are furnished to the member ■of the gang to whom the wages of the gang are paid by the employer. (3.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages. or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of sjrmbols. (4.) Any placard exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions «hall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages and shall be affixed in such a position as to be easily read by all persons to whose work the particulars relate. (5.) If the occupier or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or subsequent •conviction within two years from the last conviction for that offence, not less than one pound. (6.) If anyone engaged as a worker in the aforesaid class of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the pur- pose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. • This Order was gazetted September 6, 1912. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. Particulars :— Iron and Steel Foundries. 225 (7 ) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging •a trade secret, solicits or procures a person so engaged to disclose Buch particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person or causes any person to be paid or rewarded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. (8.) The Order of the 30th December, 1909, relating to Ship-building Yards so far as concerns the work of platers, riveters and caulkers is hereby repealed. This Order shall come into force on the 1st October, 1912. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State. Home Office, Whitehall, • 23rd August, 1912. (19) Iron and Steel Foundries. Order, dated December 30, 1913.* 1913. No. 1388. In pursuance of Section 116 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901,-|- I hereby make the following Order :— The provisions of the said section shall apply, subject to the modifications hereinafter contained, to — Non-Textile Factories and Workshops in which Iron or Steel Founding is carried on, so par as concerns the work of all persons employed as moulders. The said section shall be modified so as to read as follows : — (1.) The occupier or contractor shall, for the purpose of enabling each worker who is paid by the piece to compute the total amount of wages payable to him in respect of his work, cause to be published particulars of the work and rate of wages applicable thereto, as follows : (a.) He shall furnish every worker with written particulars of the rate of wages applicable to the work done by him at or before the time of his first employment on the work and on every subsequent occasion when the rates are fixed or altered ; or he shall exhibit such particulars in a placard or book in the factory or "workshop. Provided that if the rates are not ascertainable before the work is given out, the particulars shall be furnished to the worker in writing when the work is completed. " {h.) Such particulars of the work to be done as affect the amount of wages payable to each worker shall be furnished to him • This Order was gazetted January 9, 1914. t 1 Edw. 7, c. 22. (b 247— Gd. 15^ Q ^26 Particiilars : — Iron and Steel Foundries. in writing when the work is given out ; or, at the option of the employer, such particiilars as aforesaid of work done may be furnished in writing at or before the time when payment is made for such work. (2.) Where the work is done in common by a gang of workers it shall be sufficient if the particulars of the work done by the gang and of the rate of wages applicable thereto are furnished to the member of the gang to whom the wages of the gang are paid by ihe employer ; or, when the share of each member is paid direct to him by the em- ployer, "to the leader of the gang, but in the last-mentioned case the particulars furnished of the rate of wages shall include particulars of the proportion according to which the shares of the several members of the gang are calculated. (3.) The particulars, either as to rate of wages or as to work, shall not be expressed by means of symbols ; but this shall not prevent the occupier or contractor from describing any work which is of a standard kind known to the persons employed by a particular figure, number, letter' or name, or combination thereof, bj means of such figure, number, letter or name, or combination thereof. (4.) Any placard or book exhibited in pursuance of the foregoing provisions shall contain no other matter than particulars of rates of wages and shall be affixed or kept as the case may be in such a position as to be easily accessible to and read by all persons to whose work the' particulars relate. (5.) If the occupier, or contractor fails to comply with the require- ments of this section, he shall be liable for each offence to a fine of not more than ten pounds, and, in the case of a second or siibsequent conviction within two years from the last con\dction for that offence, not less than one pound. (6.) If anyone engaged as a worker in the aforesaid- class of work, having received such particulars, whether they are furnished directly to him or to a fellow workman, discloses the particulars for the- pur- pose of divulging a trade secret, he shall be liable to a fine not Exceeding ten pounds. (7.) If anyone for the purpose of obtaining knowledge of or divulging a trade secret,i solicits or procures a person so engaged to' disclose such particulars, or with that object pays or rewards any such person, or causes any person to be paid or rew.arded for so disclosing such particulars, he shall be Jiable to a fine not exceeding ten pounds. This Order shall come into force on the 1st March, 191d. R. McKenna, One of His Majesty's Principal Home Office, Whitehall, 30th December, 1913. Secretaries of State. Fees-ofOer