J^..^ ■_^. :s>" -^■ :■ ''\ *-. BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF fienrg M. Sage 1S91 \am&.6: ^/0a/ Cornell University Library Z145.P3 C61 + First Paris press, an account of the boo 3 1924 029 496 852 olin Overs XI Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029496852 THE FIRST PARIS PRESS AN ACCOUNT OF THE BOOKS PRINTED FOR G. FICHET AND J. HEYNLIN IN TH£ SORBONNE 1470— 1472 By a. CLAUDIN Illustrated Monographs, issued by the Biblio- graphical Society. No. VI. ILLUSTRATED MONOGRAPHS. No, VI. J . HYATT . SC . THE FIRST PARIS PRESS AN ACCOUNT OF THE BOOKS PRINTED FOR G. FICHET AND J. HEYNLIN IN THE SORBONNE 1470 — 1472 By a. CLAUDIN LONDON PRINTED FOR THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY AT THE CHISWICK PRESS February 1898 for 1897 CONTENTS. ' PAGE Frontispiece : Miniature showing Fichet presenting a copy of his Rhetoric to Pope Sixtus IV., from the presentation copy to the Pope now in the British Museum. Text i Notes 35 Bibliography 49 I. Gasparini Epistolae ......... 49 II. Gasparini Orthographia ........ 50 III. Sallustius . . . . . . . . . . -51 IV. Florus ........... 52 V. Bessarionis Orationes ......... 52 VI. Ficheti Rhetorica ......... 53 VII. Augustini Dati Eloquentiae Praecepta ...... 56 [VIII. Cicero De Oratore] 56 [IX. Valerius Maximus] ......... 56 X. Vallae Elegantiae ...... . . -57 XI. Cicero. De Officiis, etc. ........ 58 XII. Cicero. Tusculanae Quaestiones ...... .60 XIII. Rodericus Zamorensis, Speculum Humanae Vitae . . . .61 XIV. Platonis Epistolae ......... 62 XV. Phalaridis, Bruti et Crati Epistolse ...... 63 XVI. Virgilius Maro. Bucolita, etc 64 XVII. Juvenalis et Persii Satyrae . ....... 65 XVIII. Terentius 65 XIX. Aeneas Sylvius. De duobus Amantibus . . . . . 66 XX. Aeneas Sylvius. De Curialium Miseria ..... 66 XXI. Sophologium Jacobi Magni 67 XXII. Ambrosius, De Officiis ; Seneca, De Quatuor Virtutibus . . 68 V PAGE Documents 71 I. Letter of Fichet to Jean de la Pierre (Johann Heynlin), from the Epistola Gasparini 71 II. Letter of Fichet to Gaguin, from the Or/A9^r«pA/a ... 72 III. Letter of presentation to Cardinal Rolin, from the Orationes Bessarionis 75 IV. Letter of presentation to Cardinal Rolin, from Fichet's Rhetorica . "jb V. Letter of presentation to Guillaume Chartier, Bishop of Paris, also from the Rhetorica ......... 76 VI. Letter of Senilis to Heynlin, from the Falla ..... 77 VII. Letter of acknowledgment from Heynlin to Senilis ... 78 VIII. Letter of presentation from Heynlin to George, Bishop of Metz, from the Cicero de Officiis 79 IX. Letter of Fichet to Heynlin, from the same ..... 80 X. Letter of Heynlin to Fichet, from the same ..... 82 XI. Letter of presentation to Robert D'Estouteville, from the Rodericus Zamorensis .......... 83 XII. Letter of presentation to the Due de Bourbon, from the same . . 84 XIII. Letter of presentation to the King, from the same .... 85 XIV. Letter of Fichet to Jean Choard, from the Epistola Platonis . . 87 Facsimiles 91 ¥irst 'pzgt of the Epistola Gasparini . . . . . . gi Last page, with colophon, from the same ..... 92 First four pages of the letter from Fichet to Gaguin, from the Orthographia .......... 93 First page of the Sallust 97 Last page, with colophon, from the same ..... 98 Letter to the Due de Bourbon, from the Rodericus Zamorensis . 99 Alphabet of the Sorbonne types . . . ^ . . . 1 00 %* The four pages from the Orthographia are reproduced with the help of plates kindly lent by the Societe de I'Histoire de Paris. VI KC^^ ■S M^To^^ .^■^^MrAJ i^M^ r>Y^T9^^^^ ^P ^^^ C tt^V ^^^L^—.-^^ ^^^ ^l^iSiQli^ THE FIRST PARIS PRESS. HE history of the first Paris press has exercised the skill of many bibliographers during the last two hundred years. The first who dealt systematically with the subje6t was Andre Chevillier, librarian of the College of the Sorbonne. He had at his disposal the copies, preserved in the house as relics, of the first impressions executed there : he also had access to the archives of the Congregation. It was not then possible to compare other copies of the same books scattered in numerous libraries and to note their variations ; and he took it for granted that the Sorbonne possessed copies of all the books issued from its early press. For more than a century after the publication of his work, Chevillier was followed by everyone. The Rev. William Parr Greswell^ made a concise and judicious compilation from him and Panzer, drawing the attention of English readers to early French typo- graphy, " a subjedl of particular curiosity," as he styles it. Since then, other books fi'om the same press have been discovered. Dibdin, Brunei, and Auguste Bernard noticed some of them. Madden and Philippe increased the Kst. Starting from these results we have studied the matter afresh. We have compared the copies, and read attentively all the prefaces, which give particulars hitherto unknown or imperfedlly under- stood; and pursuing our inquiry we have examined manuscript documents which had not received serious attention. From these sources of information, combined with known historical fadts, we have been able to corredt certain erroneous statements generally accepted as trustworthy, and to clear up some obscurities. We give a new classification, which we believe to be final, for all those undated books which have so long baffled the sagacity of biblio- graphers, and we present the problem in another aspeft, chiefly by the help of documents as yet unpublished or wrongly interpreted. With these introdudtory remarks, we proceed at once to the investigation of our subje6t. In our opinion, the first press eredted in the precinfts of the old Sorbonne was not a public printing establishment set up as a speculation, but was in reality a private press worked by professional printers, specially brought to Paris for the purpose, under the direction of its owner and promoter. Neither the Society of the Sorbonne as a body, nor the king, had anything to do with the introduction of printing, as is generally believed. The prior eledted for the year 1470, Johann Heynlin, alias de la Pierre (de Lapide),^ who had the year before been redlor of the University,® was a great lover of books. Desiring to impart to scholars the benefits of the new invention and to multiply good texts, he communicated his ideas on the subjedt to one of the most eminent of the professors, his friend Guillaume Fichet, " a person of great enterprise, reading, and eloquence," ** who had also been redtor, and who was at the time librarian of the Sorbonne. Fichet, with the aid of a wealthy and generous protedlor, agreed to support the first expenses of the establishment thus contemplated. In consequence of this arrangement, Heynlin invited from Basel, where he had gone through the university course and had seen the typographical art exercised, three persons who, he intended, should establish the first printing-press in France. His invitation was 2 readily accepted. The names of the three partners in order were: Michael Freyburger, of Colmar in Elsass, the head of the firm. Master in the Faculty of Arts* of the University of Basel, an old acquaintance of Heynlin, and two craftsmen, very likely younger men, Ulrich Gering, of Constanz in Baden,^ and Martin Crantz.* Sufficient space was contrived for their tools and materials in one of the rooms of the old building^ reserved for the library, at the back of the adjoining houses of the " grant rue S. Jacques ; " the men themselves lodged in the neighbourhood. They set to work immediately to engrave puncheons and strike matrices, producing a fount of a large, round character, suited to the failing eyesight of the prior.' This type was chosen from printed books in Heynlin's possession, being closely imitated from the edition of Caesar's Commentaries, printed at Rome in 1469 by Sweynheim and Pannartz.^ The first book issued from the new press was the colleftion of letters written by Gasparino Barzizi of Bergamo, exhibiting the purest examples of Latin style and elegant diftion. The text was carefully revised by Heynlin himself, and was very corredtly printed. Fichet, who rendered Heynlin such efFeftive assistance in the realization of his literary scheme, was a man of great capacity and highly thought of. At the beginning of the year 1469, and again in January, 1470, he had been sent by the king on a secret diplo- matic mission ^" to Italy. Guillaume Chartier, Bishop of Paris, had procured him the ecclesiastical benefice of Aunay (Alnetum)." The Cardinal Jehan Rolin, Bishop of Autun, a man of literary tastes, held him in high esteem. He had been his protedtor since he was a youth, and for many years ^^ had supplied him liberally with money. Fichet was accordingly in a position — much more so than Heynlin — to contribute materially to the initial outlay. And so, without assistance from the fellows (socii) of the Sorbonne, a society of " poor masters," ^* who were often in need of money and who could not possibly entertain strangers, Heynlin and Fichet 3 took upon themselves, one the aftive diredion and the other the financial burden of the enterprise." Their confidence and their enthusiasm for the marvellous art which they had introduced into their adopted city ^^ is fully ex- pressed in the metrical colophon to the edition of Gasparino's Letters, in which they ask the patronage of the royal city of Paris, mother of the Muses, for their almost divine art : Ut sol lumen, sic doftrinam fundis in orbem, Musarum nutrix, regia Parisius. Hinc prope divinam tu quam Germania novit Artem scribendi suscipe promerita. Primos ecce libros quos haec industria finxit Francorum in terris, xdibus atque tuis Michael, Udalricus, Martinusque magistri Hos impresserunt et fecient alios. There is no date to the volume " (a small quarto of 1 1 8 leaves, twenty-two lines to the page) ; but we can easily ascertain it by the preface. This preface consists of a letter addressed by Fichet to his collaborator "Joanni Lapidano Sorbonensis scholae priori." Heynlin is here entitled "prior," and it is said that he had already presided with great credit at the theological discussions of the Sorbonne.^^ The direction of these discussions was one of the special duties of the prior. We may infer then that two or three months at least had passed since his eledtion at the end of March, 1470; and that the printing was finished in the summer, about July or August of that year.^* In his letter Fichet thanks Heynlin for the charming Letters of Gasparino which he had sent him in proof. " They are not only carefully correfted by yourself, but also neatly and daintily reproduced by the German printers whom we owe to you.^' . . . The stationers whom you have brought from your native Germany to Paris turn out copies most exadtly corrected after their origi- nals.^" . . . You strain every nerve to ensure their printing nothing that you have not previously collated in many copies and cor- rected extensively."*^ 4 The second book they printed was another work of the same Gasparino, a treatise on the orthography of Latin words arranged alphabetically, entitled, Gasparini Pergamensis orthographiae liber. Heynlin added to it nine printed leaves, containing a little tradt on diphthongs (de diphthongis) by Guarini of Verona, and a dialogue of his own composition on the art of pun speedily than before. When they removed their presses from the Sorbonne, they settled on their own account in a house in the " grant rue St. Jacques," near the church of St. Benoit, at the sign of " The Golden Sun." The round type which they had cut and cast in imitation of the Roman editions by desire of their introducer, Heynlin, was much worn and almost unfit for use. They engraved a new type of heavier face, in the Gothic style, more able to resist the blow of the press upon the hard thick paper generally used. On the 2 1 St of May, 1473, appeared the Manipulus Curatorum, by Guy de Montrocher, the first book executed with the new fount. The first type had disappeared, and the letters had been melted down. Thus ended the first press established in France, a private press for the benefit of public studies. 32 NOTES. NOTES. (i) Annals of Parisian Typography, containing an account of the earliest typographical establishments of Paris and notices and illustrations of the most remarkable produSiions of the Parisian gothic press, compiled principally to shew its general character and its particular influence upon the early English press, by the Rev. William Parr Greswell'; London, mdcccxviii. 8vo, with a portrait, engraved on wrood, of Ulrich Gering, one of the first Parisian printers ; copied from one of the very rare uncancelled copies of La Caille's Histoire de P Imprimerie et de la Lihrairie, published in 1689. (2) A surname given from his birthplace. Stein (in French La Pierre), a village near Borzheim and Bretten in the Grand Duchy of Baden, in the diocese of Speyer {Spirensis diocesis). (3) Heynlin had been a student at the University of Leipzig in 1452 ; in 1459 ^^ was already in Paris, regent of arts in the College of Burgundy. On the 1 8th of June, 1462, he was made a fellow (socius) of the Sorbonne. In 1463 he left France, and kept a term at the University of Basel, where he proceeded M.A. in the following year (1464) under the reftorate of John Blicherod von Gotha. He is inscribed in the Matriculation book (vol. i., p. 1 7 refto) : " Magister Johannes Heynlin de Lapide Sacrae Theologiae Baccalarius," and there is a subsequent mention of his serving as Dean {Matricula studiosorum, vol. i., p. 181). Heynlin returned to France in 1467, and on the 28th of March was elected Prior of the Sorbonne. A month after, he gave up his office on account of the weakness of his eyes (see below, note 8), as stated in the register of the Priors (fol. 58). In the same year he was raised to the dignity of Redlor of the University of Paris. On the 25th of March, 1470 (new style), Heynlin was for the second time elefted Prior of the Sorbonne. (3 A) See Greswell, p. 51. (4) " Michahel de Columbaria " was eighteenth on the list at the spring examinations in 1463, under the decanate of Conrad Jacobi {Matricula studiosorum, vol. i., fol. 178). His name is also mentioned in 1 46 1 as a baccalarius under the decanate of Peter Zem Lust (fol. 9 verso, 22nd name). He paid a fee of vi.^. 35 (5) Several bibliographers have suggested that Gering had been a student of the University of Basel. An examination of the Matriculation bookshowrs that in 1461 a student named Udalricus Gernud or Gerund " de Berona " was examined as a bachelor at the same time as Michael Freyburger (fol, 9 verso), and we find also entries in 1460 of a Nicolaus Gering, alias Blairenstein, chaplain of the cathedral of Basel (fol. 5), in 1467 of a Heinricus Gering "de Wutterangen, Constant, dyocesis" (fol. 72 verso), and in 1496 of an Udalricus Gueming " de Thun, Constantiensis dyocesis" (fol. 99). From these entries it seems clear that the name Gering was a femiliar one and not likely to be miswritten Gernud or Gerund. In fafl: Ulrich Gering can hardly have been a graduate of the Basel University, since in the letters of hospitalization granted to him many years after by the Sorbonne (see Chevillier, p. 87) he is spoken of only as an "ecolier etudiant en I'Universite de Paris." If he had been a graduate of any university it must have been mentioned in this document or in the notarial instrument quoted by Chevillier. Gering could not have learned his art at Berona, i.e. Beromunster in Aargau, since printing did not begin there until 1470, by which time, if not earlier, he was already working at Paris. We are strongly of opinion that he was a native of Constanz in Baden {Constantiensis), as stated in the colophon of one of his books (see Panzer, ii., p. 307, No. 331). In the postscript of a letter written by Hans Blumenstock, alias Heydelberg, to Hans Amerbach, the celebrated printer at Basel, dated from Paris on the Friday after the feast of St. Bartholomew, 1501, he is called : "Meister Ulrich Gering, impressor librorum Parisius von Costencz" (see Oskar Hase, Die Koberger ; Leipzig, 1885, 8vo, p. xliv). Blumenstock, who was Amerbach 's agent in Paris, had numerous opportunities of becoming acquainted with Gering, and knew well that he was not of Beromiinster, but of Constanz. f Heinricus Gering, de Wutterangen " and " Udalricus Guerning de Thun," of the diocese of Constanz, were probably relations belonging to the family of our printer, as perhaps was also the chaplain Nicolas Gering, who had in his possession a copy of Rodericus Zamorensis, Speculum Vitae humanae, one of the books printed at the Sorbonne by Ulrich Gering and his companions (see Philippe, Origine de Tlmprimerie a Paris ; Paris, 1885, 8vo, p. 218). (6) Some think that Martin Crantz was the son of the Strasburg workman who was a witness in Gutenberg's last lawsuit with his partner Fust at Mainz in 1455, but we have no evidence of this relationship. We presume rather that he was a countryman of Heynlin, and a native of the same village of Stein. In 1461, we find at Basel a bachelor " Gabriel Krantz, de Stein " {Matricula studiosorum, fol. 9) entered at the same time as Michael Freyburger, but we cannot ascertain at present whether he belongs to the family of our printer or not. (7) See Madden, Lettres d^un Bibliographe ; Paris, 1878 (5th Series), 8vo, p. 156. This author also gives a plan of the ancient building of the Sorbonne, showing the spot occupied by the premises where he places the printing establishment. (8) We have already mentioned the fadt that soon after his first eledion as prior in 1467, Heynlin excused himself and begged to be discharged of his office on account of an infirmity of the eyes. We give here the text of the passage from the register of the Priors : " Proposuit Prior in aula quom per magnum tempus passus fuisset infirmitatem 36 oculorum et singulis constabat quod ipse studio vacare non potuisset, quom etiam timeret quod in brevi se studio occuparenon auderet secundum quod officium requireret et ideo supplicavit. . . ." (9) Heynlin already possessed some books of the very early press of Mainz, and also editions of the classics and other works printed at Rome. His private library, consist- ing of 283 volumes, was after his death bequeathed to the Carthusian house of Klein Basel, on the opposite side of the Rhine, and after the suppression of the said convent passed into the library of the University, where they are now preserved with the original catalogue. (10) See Philippe, J., Gulllaume Fichet, sa vie et ses oeuvres ; Annecy, 1892, 8vo, p. 47 : and Moufflet, S., Etude sur une negociation diplomatique de Louts XL ; Marseille, J 884, 8vo, pp. 170, 171. (11) See Philippe, Guil. Fichet, p. 56. This author says Anet in Eure et Loir. It is a mistake. There was no ecclesiastical benefice at Anet. (12) "Sumptus amplissimos abhinc decennium ad hunc usque diem continue sup- peditasti " (dedication letter of Fichet's Rhetoric [1471] to Rolin, Bibl. Nationale, Reserve, Z. 1683, 4to). (13) Chevillier says positively that the Society of Sorbonne was at all times poor, and often, in urgent necessity, obliged to borrow money from friends. On nearly all the manuscript books of their library the following inscription was written : " Hie Hber est pauperum Magistrorum de Sorbona " (Chevillier, p. 84). (14) The registers of deliberations and accounts of the Sorbonne have been care- fully examined by Franklin, Philippe, and other historians. Not a line, not a word, has been found alluding to the subjeft. It is evident that the Sorbonne did not spend a larthing on the printers, but allowed them only a temporary hospitality, under the responsibility of the prior and the librarian. (15) Fichet was born on the i6th of September, 1433, at the Petit Bornand in Savoy, in the diocese of Geneva (see Philippe, Guillaume Fichet, pp. 11, 12). He calls himself " Alnetanus " on account of the ecclesiastical benefice of Aunay granted to him ; but he signs himself in a letter to the Duke of Savoy " Guillelmus Fichetus, Parisiensis theologus dodlor, patria vero Sabaudus." In 1455, he was studying at Avignon, and settled afterwards in Paris. ( 16) Copies of the first book printed at Paris are in the British Museum and in the Spencer-Rylands Library. (17) " Ut qui cum laude et gloria Sorbonico certamini dux praefuisti." (18) If we reckon the arrival of Frey burger, Gering, and Crantz as occurring quite at the end of 1469, or in the first months of 1470 (new style), there was not too much time to construft the press, engrave the puncheons, and have the types ready for com- position, with all the necessary fittings of a printing-house. We take the date of 1469 (old style), knowing well that it should be 1470 (new style), because it was inscribed at the foot of the original portrait of Gering painted in the upper room of the late College of Montaigu : " Uldericus Guernich Proto-Typo- graphus Parisiis, 1469." (See the portrait of Gering reproduced as frontispiece in Greswell's Annals of Parisian Typography.) 37 (ig) "Misisti nuper ad me suavissimas Gasparini Pergamensis epistolas non a te modo diligenter emendatas sed a tuis quoque Gertnanis impressoribus nitide et terse transcriptas." (20) "Et enim quos ad hanc urbetn e tua Germania librarios ascivisti quam emen- dates libros ad exemplaria reddunt." (21) " Idque tute mafto studio conaris ut ne uUum quidem opus ab illis prius ex- primatur quam sit a te coaftis exemplaribus multis castigatum litera multa." (22) The dialogue is anonymous in this edition, but it is positively ascribed t» Heynlin (Joannes de Lapide) by Tritheim, Abbot of Spanheim, a contemporary, in his Catalogus scriptorum eccleiiasticorum. (23) The fa6t appears from copies known without the additions. The copy in the public library at Toulouse, which is in its original oak boards, begins with two blank leaves belonging to the first printed, sheet, and ends with a blank leaf belonging to the last sheet. (24) We for the first time published the extradls of the letter of Fichet to Gaguin relative to the invention of printing by Gutenberg in Le Livre (1883, pp. 369-72). Four years after (in 1887) the whole text was published at Basel by Dr. Sieber, and in 1889 a photo-engraved facsimile of it was issued at Paris, with an historical notice by M. Leopold Delisle, the eminent direilor of the Bibliotheque Nationale. (25) A thing to notice here is that Michael Freyburger is not named first as in the preceding volume. He resigns his place to Ulric Gering. At other times we shall find Martin Crantz named first ; at others Freyburger will again be in front. We cannot conjefture any reason for these changes of order, except, perhaps, mutual de- ference, or the more or less labour which each partner may have bestowed on the work. (26) In a contemporary inscription, the Sallust printed at the Sorbonne is called Fichetanus Salustius." In consequence, we give here the name of Fichet's press to the printing establishment, presumed to be the property of the publisher. (27) " Haec autem omnia, jam diu misimus." (See the MS. copy of the correspond- ence between Fichet and Cardinal Bessario [1470-71], 5th and 3rd letters, Biblio- theque Nationale, Latin MSS., 4to, No. 18,591.) (28) The letter of Bessario is dated from Rome, the 29th of November, 1471 {Ex Urbe, die XXFIIII navembrls MCCCCLXXl). This document begins thus: " Reverende pater, amice noster, litteras vestras accepimus quibus nobis commendas fratrem quondam Rubertum Gagginum [sic] quem (quia littere nostre ita nobis faciunt commendatum) libentissime vidimus eique omnem favorem nostram optulimus causa vestra, quamvis eo non indiguerit, quod ei non fuerat opus. In his autem litteris vestris quas nobis frater Rubertus (de quo in inicio diximus) reddidit ..." (Corre- spondence of Fichet with Bessario, 6th letter). (29) See Madden, Lettres d'un Bihliographe, 5th Series, p. 160. (30) Copies of the Sallust are in the Spencer-Rylands Library at Manchester, and in the Bodleian at Oxford. There is also a copy in the British Museum, but it wants the Jugurtha. 38 (3i) "Ce qui pourrait indiquer que G. Fichet a ete le principal promoteur de I'edition " (Philippe, J., Origine de P Imprimerie a Paris ; Paris, 1885, p. 82). (32) Van Praet, Catalogue des livres imprimes sur velin de la Biblkth'eque du Roi ; Paris, 1822, 8vo, ist part, vol. v., pp. 58, 59. (33) Copies are to be found in the Spencer-Rylands Library and at the British Museum. (34) " Tamen mittere statuimus Orationes quasdam hoc tempore a nobis editas pro gravissimis periculis que ItaHe christianisque omnibus imminent. ... Ex Urbe, die xiiij decembris mcccclxx " (Correspondence between Fichet and Bessario, 3rd letter). (35) " Posteaquam mihi tuas litteras simulque librorum fascem reddidit tuus abbas Sane^ f-h^ i«, k'", 1^ m'^ n-o^ p", q^ r'», s", t'^ u\ x'2] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 194 ff., 23 11., and sometimes 24 11. 53 Register: a i% gvillermi; h^ De quincb; f, & sentential; //, cilium; f, ri oporteret ; d, uel negocia (in first printed copies, simplicem future^,) ; e, mihi faciet ; f^ (p)roprivm ; ^, Guillermi ; A, perindeac {sic) j /, (c)on- TRARiA ; ky (n)ostrae ; /, afFeftu ; zw, linguas/ ; «, Guillermi ; o, (quasi ; ^, quidem ; ^, dicimus ; r, uiribus ; x, apud Terentiu ! ; /, propria ! ; a, aridam/ ; a-, Ad tertii. Description : Fo. i% gvillermi Ficheti Alnetani/ artium || & theologiae parisiensis dodtoris/ rhetori- || corum librol^ praefatio; Fo. 4", line 22, Ficheteae rhetoricae praefatio finit. || Incipit liber primus ; Fo. 5% De quinq, rhetoricis elemetis artem extrin- || secus comprehendentibus omnem ; Fo. 1 18, blank. End. Fo. 191% line 17, In Parisiol^ Sorbona conditae Ficheteae || rhetoricaj finis : Roberti Gaguini se- || quitur panagericus {sic) in audlorem ; Fo. 191*, Patri ac praeceptori suo / Guillermo || Ficheto parisiensi theologo doftori/ II Robertus Gaguinus. S. P. D. [Line 4 blank.] (Q)Vos luteos homies fihxit natura/ deauras Et facis aeloquio/ clare fichete deos. Te digna extulerit prxclara lutetia caelo ! Cui tua redliloquos/ lingua diserta parit. Quae fuit obscura ! sterili ruditate loquendi ! Fulgida nunc radiis/ arte polita micat. Puluerulenta situ/ & squalore uolumia longo ! Exiliunt tenebris en reuoluta suis. Per cathedras cicero uerbi pater intonat acer ! Et ueterum mille nomina lefta uirum. Quos eqde (si sensa/ aios/ retinere putandu e) Gratari inter se nunc tibi (crede) iuuat ! Magnu aut e fama/ & caelum ! & pulch]^ memorarier Quae prob3 et celii ! quisq^ leuet humo aftis ? Qui ueniet posthac/ puro S3mone latinus ; Inqj sacros aditus (quod semper graecia fecit) Dicendi appinget philosophia decus. Fo. 192*. Theologi exurgent ! quos tot docuisse pbatis ! Qui se hyeronymis assimulasse uelint ; Ergo eris in nris/ q* achiuis ille ^metheus ! Qui terrae obstriiftos igniit arte uiros. Siue opifex hominu/ qui duris cotibus auras ! Indidit. ilia iubens uiuere deucalion ; Foelix ilia quidem tali sabaudia alumno ! Cuius erit gallis perpetuatus honor ; Gaude igit dodlor/ habiturus nome in aeuum ! Gaguinumqj magis usqj benignus ama ; Vale. Foelixq, uiue ; Fo. 192*, 193, 194, blank. 54 Watermarks : A bell ; a pot or jug ; the anchor. Remarks : The dedicatory epistles, all of the year 1471, which are added to special copies, and are of different lengths, as in the Orations of Bessario, are not included in our collation. The first leaf of the quire d [Fo. 37J presents a different text in the copies printed on vellum and in some copies on paper, apparently the first issued from the press. Fo. 64 and 72 have also been reprinted with differences, as appears from cancelled leaves pasted on the inside cover of one copy. Of all the books produced by the first Parisian press, Fichet's Rhetoric is the one where the most numerous pen corredtions or additions are to be observed. The copy pre- sented to Charles de Bourbon, Archbishop of Lyons, now in the Bibliotheque Nationale, seems to be the most carefully revised. The correftions and alterations in this are similar to those in the copy in the Bibliotheque Mazarine at Paris. The following are the correftions in the first hundred pages: Fo. 10% line 21, added with a pen, orationis ; line 22, qualitatis ; Fo. 11% line 14, p. se; Fo. 14% line 20, priorem ; Fo. 31", line 22, defendi cohiberi(f ; Fo. 35*, line 18, corredlion, uolasse ; Fo. 38% line 9, pracipue ; line 16, pracipue again; Fo. ^o'; ueniemus ; Fo. 45% line 6, added with a pen, a, and on the following line correftion, duobus consulibus ; line 13, with a pen, eqvale est; line 14, correction, paribus; line 17, correction, subuertit ; Fo. 46% corre£lion,yor^»j ; Fo. 47% line i, diffigvratio ; Hne 5, corrections, cum and cetera; line 12, pen correction, societates ; line 15, societates again; Fo. 47", lines 15-16, pen correction, /or/zV«- || dinem; Fo. 49", line 9, hermacreouti ; \m& 21, odire changed to odisse ; Fo. 66% line 20, Sex ; Fo. 66", line 4, Turn ; line 1 2, imfr'te ; Fo. 74% line 2, added by hand, i totH ; line 20, after the word oportet printed, the following pen addition, nisi diuisio uel expositio locu eius obtineat ; Fo. 76", line 18, euidentia ; Fo. 76', line 10, (e)videntia ; line 21, correction, iis ; Fo. 79", line 3, MS. addition in the margin, with a sign of reference, iteru uel alio modo narrare. Aut auditoribus ita tenei f negotiwx,! vt nostra nihil tisit; line 10, euidentia ; line 15, tubus ; line 23, added with a sign of reference, et hoc; Fo. 80", line 11, MS. addition, ne tterdU gde no excedat ; Fo. 84", line 8, rhetoti, wrongly printed, is correCted to rhetori ; line 17, added with a pen, opposita ; Fo. 85'', line 13, added, quada; Fo. 86% line 18, correction, solutiones ; Fo. 86", line 7, correftion, inuice ofirmat ; Fo. 88", line 23, pen addition, sit; Fo. 92", line if, a word partly erased and altered to vicissitvdo; Fo. 100% line 13, colligatioe correCted, and ordil added. The copy on vellum at the Bibliotheque Nationale contains other MS. additions, but they seemed to us to be rather the aCt of a reader than of the editor of the book. For this reason we have not noticed them. Copies known : British Museum, Presentation copy to Pope Sixtus IV., on vellum, with a special printed letter of dedication, decorated with a fine miniature, giving the portrait of Fichet, and reproduced as a frontispiece to this monograph; John Rylands Library, Manchester; Bibliotheque Nationale, ss Paris, 3 copies, i°. a copy printed on vellum, 2°. the copy presented to Charles de Bourbon, Archbishop of I^yons, preceded by a special letter and a reprint of the dedicatory letter to Cardinal Bessario, two additional printed leaves, with a miniature border bearing the arms of Bourbon, 3°. copy writh the arms and device of Laurent Bureau, doftor of the Sorbonne ; the letters to Charles de Bourbon and Cardinal Bessario, MSS. on vellum, are added to the copy on paper, but the handw^riting is a modern forgery in the old style. See above, page 15 ; Bibliotheque Mazarine, Paris, copy that seems to have belonged to Gabriel Naude, librarian of Cardinal Mazarin, with a note in his hand- writing ; Bibliotheque de Lyon, a copy with cancelled leaves, presenting notable differences in the text, fastened to the inside of the cover ; Biblio- theque d'Aix-en-Provence ; St. Mark's Library, Venice, dedication copy to Cardinal Bessario on vellum, with a special printed letter, dated 147 1, decorated with a fine miniature painting and capitals illuminated in gold and colours ; Imperial Library, Vienna, copy on vellum ; University Library, Basel, Heynlin's copy ; University Library, Breslau. A manu- script copy on vellum of the Rhetoric, richly illuminated, with a minia- ture representing the author offering his book to Charles, Count du Maine, prince of the blood royal of France, is in the ducal library at Gotha. In the University Library, Freiburg im Breisgau, are four leaves of proofs of the end of the work, exhibiting, according to Dr. F. Pfaff^ a different and much shorter recension of the text, as from Gestus to the end there are only 20 instead of 48 articles. See the Centralblatt fiir Biblio- thekswesen, vol. 5, pp. 201-206, Together with this fragment are bound four printed dedicatory letters of Fichet, viz., 1°- for Bessario's Orations to the Emperor Frederick ; 2°. for the Rhetoric to Janus, Count of Genevois in Savoy (not in the colleftion of dedicatory letters for the Rhetoric at the Bibliotheque Nationale), dated loth before the Calends of Oftober (September 22), 147 1; 3°. for the Rhetoric to Rene, King of Sicily j 4°. the letter to Robert Gaguin for his copy of the Orthographia, in which mention is made of Gutenberg [Bonemontanus) ; see p. 50. VII. AuGusTiNus Datus. Eloquentiae prascepta. n.d. 4°. Collation: [a-d'", e''] no printed signatures or catchwords, 46 ff"., 23 11. Register: a 1% avgvstini ; b, eadem; c, bus. istis ; d, propter; e, Coiior. Description: Fo. i", avgvstini dati Senensis Isago- || gicus libellus in eloquetise pcepta, ad An- || drea dni christoferi filiu foeliciter incipit ; End. Fo. 44'', line 17, Augustini dati Senensis oratoris primarii || Isagogicus libellus in elocutionis pr^cepta fin it foeliciter ; Fo. 45, 46, blank. Watermark: Anchor. Copies known : University Library, Basel, Heynlin's copy. 56 VIII. Cicero. De Oratore. No copy known. IX. Valerius Maximus. No copy known. X. Vall^ Eleganti^. 1 47 1. Fol. Collation: [a-gi»; h«; i-o""} p^^; q-zW; aa-bb^"; cc-ee« ; fF'"] no printed signatures or catchwords; 284 fF., 32 11., and sonaetimes only 30 11. Register: a\ Quot Vniuersi ; b, .P. Paulus Senilis; c, e contrario ; d, Seruius ; e, sermonis ; /, Solius ; g, audientem ; h, Quid ; /, Incipit ; k, duodeqdragenii ; /,copias; »z, (O)Ratores; «, ciantur; «, foeminu; />, possint; y, Incipit ; r, gatione ; s, (V)Etere ; t, mori ! ; «, a uinea ; x, qua ; y, ordeacea ; z, Ca. vi ; aa, Laurentii ; W, mineruae ; cc, familiarissimus ; dd, (S)Ecretum ; ee, Elegantium ; jff^. Malleolus ! Description : Fo. 1% Quot Vniuersi Operis Elegantial^ Lau- || rentii Vallae sunt libri ! quaeue unicuic^ 1'- II bro subiefta materia ! & quis in singulis materiis pertraftandis ordo seruetur ; || (V)niversvm hoc Elegan- tiarum || Opus/ Sex Libris Distinftum Est ; Fo. 9*, blank ; Fo. 10, blank ; Fo. 11% .P. Paulus Senilis loanni Heynlin de Lapide i| salutem plurimam dicit ; Fo. 79% Incipit prohemium in lib^. tertium ! de laude iuriscon- || sultol^ in Elegantia scribendi ! sintque nemo/ nee in iu || re ! nee in logica ! philosophiaqj proficere potest ; Fo. 151% Incipit Prohemiii in librum quintum ! Cur non || plures de hac re libros condidit ; Fo. 230, blank ; Fo. 231, Ca. vi. ostendens causam cur suus & sui abutimur ; Fo. 239'', blank ; Fo. 240, blank; Fo. 241, Laurentii Vallae liber/ in errores Antonii Raudensis foeliciter incipit ; Fo. 275, Elegantium uocabulol^ quae in hoc opere sparsim tradita || sunt ! sub principalium litterarum suarum ordine/ cum lib- || rol^ capitulo- rumq, annotatio;ie ! compendiosa colledtio ; Fo. 282% Petro Paulo Senili/ christianissimi francol^ regis secretario ! loannes de Lapide S. P. D. j End. Fo. 282'', two last lines, .... Aedibus sorbon§ scriptu anno || uno & septuagesimo quadringentesimoqj supra millesimum ; Fo. 283 and 284, blank. Watermarks : A pot or jug, with a small cross at the top ; a bell ; a stag's head with antlers. Remarks : In some copies the first quire, consisting of. the table of contents and the letter of Paulus Senilis, is placed at the end, after the letter of loannes de Lapide, written from the Sorbonne, and dated 147 1, which is a reply to that of Senilis. Copies known : Bodleian Library, Oxford ; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, 2 copies (one imperfeft) ; Bibliotheque de Toulouse ; Bibliotheque de Poitiers (imperfeft) ; Imperial Library, Vienna j University Library, Breslau. 57 XI. Cicero de Officiis ; de Amicitia ; de Senectute ; SoMNiuM SciPioNis ; Paradoxa. March, 1472, Fol. Collation: [a^; b-F; m-n*; o^; p^] no printed signatures or catch- words; 126 ff, 31 11. Register : a^, Guillermus fichaetus ; b, .M. Tullii ; t, que speftat ; d, inferior ; mum foeliciter incipit; Fo. 85% line 30, .M. T. Ciceronis Tusculana^, quaestionu Liber |{ quintus & ultimus finem habet foelicem ; Fo. 86'', Erhardus Ciceronianae leftionis amatoribus. S. P. D. Quom tua vel mutis tribuat eloquia uocem ! Quom tibi phoebeus carmina diftet honos ! Nonne reus musis / & uatibus vsqj tenebor ! Si tacitus Cicero praetereare mihi ? Quod Flacco Varoqj fuit / summoqj Maroni Moecenas atauis regibus ortus eques ! Id mihi ! si tenues non essent carmine uires ! Nunc fores eloquii diue pater Cicero ; Quern si cephaleis vulgaribus annotaui His libris ! ueniam le£tor humane dabis ! Hos quoqj quom legeris, precium ne (quaeso) relinquas Artificum ingenuse quod meruere manus. Pro quibus optandi si nunc copia adesset ! Tam bene promeritis comoda mille precer ; End. Fo. 87% line 6 : Quicquid Socraticae manauit ab ordine seftae ! Quicquid Aristoteles docuit ! tuqj diuine Plato ! Inuentum quodcunqj tuo Crisippe recessu ! Quicquid Democritus risit ! dixitq^ tacendo Pithagoras ! vno se pedtore cunfta uetustas Condidit ! & maior Ciceronis uiribus exit ! 60 His & enim libris docuit cognoscere ! curnam [sic) Ipsa quidem uirtus precium sibi ! solaqj late Fortunae secura nitet ! nil indiga laudis Externae ! nee quaerat opem ! ferat omnia secum ! Diuitiis animosa suis ! immotaqj cunftis Casibus / exalta mortalia respuat arce. Hanc tame baud quisq / qui non agnoscerit ante Semet ! & incertos animi placauerit aestus Inueniet. longis illuc ambagibus itur ; [2 lines blank] Vale leiStor Studiose ; Fo. 87" blank ; Fo. 88 entirely blank. Watermark : Anchor. Remarks : The following pen correftions are found in most of the copies : in the first piece of Erhard, Fo. 86'', verse 5, Faro altered from Fatio wrongly printed, Maroni instead of Marconi^ also printed by mistake of the compositor ; in the second piece,Fo. 87% verse 1 3, tamen and haudzre corrected. Copies known : John Rylands Library, Manchester ; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, 2 copies, one bound with the De O^ciis, the other imperfedt ; Bibliotheque de Bourges ; Bibliotheque de Toulouse, bound with the De Officils, Count Hoym's copy ; University Library, Basel, Heynlin's copy, followed by the De Officns of Cicero and the De Officiis of St. Ambrosius, bound in the same volume. XIII. RoDERicus, Speculum humane vit^. 1472. Fol. Collation : [a-e'" ; f-g' ; h-o"* ; p°] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 142 £,32 11. • Register : a 1% Ad san6lissimu; b, cernamus; c, nem ! qua; d, ritos ; if, ritate; f, tes & ; g, cedi ars ; h, imgpetuii ! ; ?, incipit ; i, plurimis ; /, Ca. ix : »7, thesaurarius ; «, Gregorius ; 0, monastica ! ; p, uantia. Description : Fo, 1% Ad sanilissimu & beatissimu dominu / dominu Paulu II Secundu Pontifice MaximQ ! liber incipit diftus Spe- !| culum humanae uitae (Quia in eo cunfti mortales in || quouis fuerint statu uel officio spirituali aut tgali ! || speculabunt eius artis & uitas prospera & aduersa ! ac || reiSle uiuedi documenta) editus a Rodorico zamorensi & postea Calagaritano hispano / eiusde sanftitatis in || castro suo Sandti Angeli castellano ; Fo. 2*, line 16, Prefatio utilis ! in qua autoris huius Hbri / vita! eius(^ || studia recolunt. & tandem admouet ad studia legis di- || uine potius q humanae. & de efFeftu legum humanarum || & de ordine procedendi in hoc libro ; Fo. 4*, line 12, De materiis pertraftandis in primo libro. & de tabu || la capitulorum eius ; Fo. 9", Incipit capitulu primu pmi libri ! uidelicet de primo & || sublimiori statu teporali ! qui est status & gradus impi || alis & regalis ac 61 aliol^ pncipum sascularium. & de sug- || mo huius status & dignitatis culmle & exelletia (sic) ! ac de || illius gla & foelicitate laudibo & gconiis sup alias tgales dignittes ; Fo. 75% line 29 blank, line 30, Einit (sic) Liber primus ! de oni statu & statu & uita teporali ; Fo. 75" blank ; Fo. 76 blank ; Fo. 77, line I, Incipit Liber Secundus 1 de Statu & Vita || Spiritual! / ecclesiastica & Regulari ; Fo. 137" [line 20 blank J, line 21 : Edidit hoc linguas clarissima norma latinse ! Excels! ingenii uir Rodoricus opus. Qui norma angelica est custos bene fidus in arce ! Sub Pauli ueneti nomine pontificis. Claret in Italic! Zamorensis episcopus ausis Eloquii ! it superos gloria parta uiri ; Fo. 138", Incipit Repertorium siue Tabula per alphabetum || ad faciliter recipiendas materias in present! Hbro !| Di<3:o Speculum Humanae uitae ; End. Fo. 141" [line 16 blank], line 17, Finis foelix atqj optatus illius breuis II tabulas siue repertorii per alphabetu / || in prfsentem libl^ ! speculum humanse uitse nuncupatum ; Fo. 141* blank ; Fo. 142 blank. Watermarks : None. Remarks : The copy preserved in the British Museum contains at the end of the volume three letters not included in our description, and addressed by the printers : 1°. to Robert d'Estouteville, provost of Paris : Magnifico militi domino Roberto de Estoteuille || pr^posito Parisiensi / et christian- issimi francol^ regis Cambellario / impressores Parisienses se ipsos perpetuo seruituros / humiliter ofFerunt j 2°. to Jean de Bourbon, Duke of Auvergne ; this begins : Inuifliissimo pncipi lohanni bourbonii atqj aluerni§ due! ! || comit! Claromontesi, forensi insulae(^ lordani dno bell! io- || ci. pari atqj camerario franciae libro^, Paris!! impressores || german! / sese perpetuo seruituros liberalissime offerunt 5 3°. to the King Louis XL, dated at the end, Tua in Lutetia x kal. maii Ann! millesimi quadringentesimi secund! || supra septuagesimu ! manibus tibi deditissimo^, Martin! Vdal || rici atqj Michaelis impressum, and subscribed, Christianissimo francol^ regi diuo Ludouico quarto (sic) \\ Germani librol^ impressores Parisienses / perpetuo || se deuouent seruituros. These letters, printed for special pre- sentation copies, do not exist in the other copies known. Copies known : British Museum ; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris, 3 copies } Bibliotheque de Bordeaux ; Bibliotheque de Rodez j University Library, Basel, 2 copies, Heynlin's copy, and another dated 1473 by the rubricator ; Imperial Library, Vienna ; Duke d'Aumale's Library, Chantilly. XIV. Platonis Epistol^. n. d. 4°. Collation : [a-d'° ; e' ; f ^] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 50 fF., 23 11. 62 Register : a i% Ad prudentem ; b, ruisses ! longe ; c, sitati scimus ; d, qui ad reperiendu ; e, detur) malo ; f, pulo uenirem. Description : Fo. i* blank ; Fo. 2", Ad prudentem & magnificum uirum || Cosma de medicis florentinu / Leonardi || Aretini clarissimi oratoris / in eptas pla || tois quas ex gr§cis latinas fecit ! pfatio 5 End. Fo. 50", line 15, FINIS. [Lines 16 and 17 blank.] Line 18 : Disci te redlores / diuinitus / ore platonis ! Quid uos / qd ciues reddat in urbe bonos. Watermarks : A pot or jug ; a stag's head with a cross between the antlers ; a kind of ox head with a cross between the horns ; an anchor with a small cross in the middle at the top. Remarks : Philippe reckons two blank leaves at the beginning. This is a mistake ; they are independent flyleaves. Copies known : Bibliotheque d'Angers ; University Library, Basel (Heynlin's copy) ; another copy quoted in the Crevenna catalogue, its whereabouts unknown. XV. Phalaridis, Bruti et Gratis epistol^. n. d. 4°. Collation : a-e'" ; F ; g'" ; h-i* ; no printed signatures or catchwords ; 82 ff., 23 11. Register: a i% Francisci; b, sarias Vel^ ; c, eum Dsolamini ! ; d, ex parte ; e, eo^, liberol^ ; f, imicos |)bamus ; g, Raimitii ; h, remitters ! ; /, & inteperantiam ! Description : Fo. 1% Francisci Aretini ! phalaridis agrigentini i| in epistolas / ad illustrem principem malatesta || nouellum de malatestis ! pro- hemium incipit ; Fo. 56", last line, Epistolal^ Phalaridis foelix finis ; Fo. 57", Raimitii ! in catalogum Mitridatis de epi- || stolis .M. bruti ad Nicolau quintu ponti- || ficem maximum ! praefatio foeliciter incipit ; Fo. 73% line 23, Catalogus eptal^ bruti finit foeliciter ; Fol. 73" [the first half of the page blank, the other half with nine printed lines], Epigramma in catalogu eptal^ Cratis || cynici / Diogenis discipuli ; Hae tibi uirtutu stimulos / & semina laudu / Atqj exepla dabut cynicse / o ledtor studiose. Pieriis etenim studiis / multoq3 redundant Eloquio ! ne desidiis / dapibus ue paratis Indulgere uelis ! ue ignaua & marcida luxu Ocia / ne torpens somnos admittere inertes. Discere sed quantu paupertas sobria possit ; Fo. 74% Atanasius Constantinopolitanus / || archiensis abbas / ad diuum pncipem l| Karolum Aragonum / pimogenitum ; End. Fo. 82", line 8, Finis 63 Cynical^ Gratis ; !| Erhardi Vuinsberg Epigratna ad ger- || manos libraries egregios / michaelem / mar || tinum atqj udalricum ; Plura licet summse dederis aletnannia laudi ! At reor hoc maius te genuisse nihil. ^ prope diuina summa ex industria fingis Scribendi banc artem multiplicans studia. Fcelices igit Michael / Martineq^ semper Viuite / & Vlrice ! hoc qs opus imprimi't. Erhardum uestro & no dedignemini amore ! Cui fido semper pedtore clausi eritis ; Watermark. : Crowned fleur-de-lys with letter J at end. Remarks : In one of the copies of the Bibliotheque Nationale the word Alemannia, in the first verse of Erhard Windsberg's epigram, is altered with the pen to Argentina. No such corredlion is to be found in the other copies. It is a forgery made up at the suggestion of Mentel, an historian of typography, in the seventeenth century. Philippe (p. 1 44) says that the verses of Erhard Windsberg in the copy of the Bibliotheque Mazarine are placed after the letters of Brutus, instead of being placed at the end. This is a mistake. The verses seen by Philippe are the same as the verses preceding the letters of Crates in all the copies, and are not the distichs alluding to the new industry of printing. Copies known : British Museum ; John Rylands Library, Manchester ; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris [2 copies] j Bibliotheque Mazarine, Paris [the letters of Brutus only] ; University Library, Basel [Heynlin's copy; the letters of Phalaris are placed at the end] ; Cantonal Library, Luzern [Erhard Windsberg's copy, bound with the Orations of Bessario ; Imperial Library, Vienna j Library of the late Duke d'Aumale, Chantilly. XVI. ViRGiLius Maro (Publius). Bucolica & Georgica. N. D. 4°. Collation : [a'^j b-d'"; e^] no printed signatures or catchwords; 5ofF.,32 11. Register : a 2% Publii Virgilii ; ^, Ducite ; c, Deniqj quid ; d, Vel scena ; e, Verum ubi. Description: Fo. i, entirely blank; Fo. 2% Publii Virgilii maronis mantuani uatis clarissimi || Bucolica & Aegloga prima foeliciter incipit. || [i line space] || Hie deflet meliboeus ^fugiat quid inique. || Tityrus ast laetus quis contulit otia dicit ; || End. Fo. 50", line 28, Illo Virgilium me tempore dulcis alebat j| Parthenope ! studiis florentem ignobilis oti. || Carmina qui lusi pastorum. audaxqj iuuenta || Tityre te patule cecini sub tegmine fagi ; || Finis foelix Georgicol^ Virgilii. ]| ; Fo. 50" blank. Watermarks : Shield with three fleurs-de-lys with the letter t below ; letter y, or rather a gothic P with a curved tail, and a small cross above, as in the Sophologium (see No. XXI. below). Copies known : John Rylands Library, Manchester. 64 XVII. JUVENALIS ET PeRSII SaTYR^E. N. D. Fol. Collation : [a-e'" ; P^] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 74 ff., 32 11. Register : a 1% Decimi ; *, Si rixa ; c, In quo ; ^, Sanguine ; e^ Sit licet ; /, Arguit ; J-, Auli. Description : Fo. 1% Decimi lunii luuenalis Satyral^ || Liber primus. || Materia & causam satyra^, hac inspice prima. || Fo. 61'', line 25, Decimi lunii luuenalis Aquinatis |1 Satyrarum liber finit Foeliciter ; || Erhardus / D. I. luuenal' cultori. F. optat ; Ecce parens satyra^, / princeps eliconis et auitor ! In prauos mittens tela seuera notae. Fo. 62 blank ; Fo. 63% Auli persii flacci in satyra^, librum prolo- || gus constans metro iambico trimetro ; End. Fo. 73'', line 20, A. P. F. Satyral^ liber finit foeliciter. || Erhardi Tetrastichon ad germanos || librarios ingenuos. Ecce tibi princeps satyrol^ codice paruo Persius ! arte noua impressus ! & ingenue. Foelices igit alemannos ! arte magistra Qui studia ornantes / fertis in astra gradum ; Fo. 74 blank. Watermark : Anchor. Remarks : The tetrastich to the printers by Erhard Windsberg at the end of the Persius is not to be found in the copy at Avignon. The space occupied by these verses in other copies is blank here. Copies known : Magdalen College, Oxford ; John Rylands Library, Manchester ; Bibliotheque d' Avignon ; University Library, Basel (Heynlin's copy), bound with the Terence. XVIII. Terentius. n. d. Fol. Collation : [a-h^° ; i*] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 86 ff, 32 11. Register: a 1% Publii Terentii afri; h. Sat habeo; c, Forte habui ; ^, Argumentum ; ^, qua rem agis ; f^ to omne ordine ; g, Parmeno seruus ; /i, tantu ne est \ ; /, Sed mihi opus. Description : Fo. i", Publii Terentii afri poet§ comici Andria incipit foeliciter. (| Ephitaphium Terentii. || Natus in excelsis ttdas cartaginis alte || Romanis ducibus bellica preda fui. || Descripsi mores hominum, iuuenumq^ senumqj ! || Qualiter & serui decipiant dominos. || Quid meretrix ! quid leno dolis confingat auarus. || Haec quicunq3 legit ! sic puto cautus.erit; || [etc.] leaf 86", line 21, ad coena uoca. Nau, Pol uero uoco. De. eamus intro hinc. Chre. II Fiat, sed ubi est phedria iudex noster .'' Phor. lam hie faxo ! ad- || 65 K erit ; Valete, & plaudite. Caliopius recensui ; || [i line space] || Publii Terenti Afri Posetae Comici || Comoedia^, liber Finit Foeliciter ; || Watermark : None. Copies known: John Rylands Library, Manchester; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris (copy formerly belonging to Grosley of Troyes, imperfedl) j University Library, Basel (Heynlin's copy, bound with the Juvenal and Persius) ; an imperfedl copy advertised in a catalogue of Baer, 282, No. 1083, Frankfort on Main, 1892. XIX. iENEAs Sylvius, De duobus amantibus. n. d. 4°. Collation : [a-d^" ; e*] no printed signatures or catchwords ; 46 fE, 23 II. Register: a 1% Aeneae ; h, non nunq; c, Caupone; d, tur herus ! j e, test ex causa. Description : Fo. 1% Aeneae siluii posetae {sic) laureati / in hystoria || de duobus amatibus pfatio prima ad per / j] q generosum milite Casparem Slik foeli- || citer incipit ; End. Fo. 44^ line 9, Aeneg Siluii pof t§ laureati de duobus II amatibus eurialo & lucresia finit fcelicit ; Fo. 45 and 46 blank. Watermark : None. Copies known : Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris ; Bibliotheque Mazarine, Paris ; Bibliotheque de Rouen ; Imperial Library, Vienna. XX. ^Eneas Sylvius, De curialium miseria. n. d. 4°. Collation : [a-c^" ; d'] no printed signatures or catchwords j 36 fF., 23 11. Register : a 1% Aeneae ; ^, us infinites ; r, inicio mesae ; d, est difficile. Description: Fo. 1% Aeneae Siluii poaetae {sic) laureati (cui & pro || pontifical! dignitate Pio nomen est) in || disputatione de curialiu miseria / ad per: II spicacissimu iurisconsultu lohanne Ech / || serenissimi / diuiqj prin- cipis / Alberti / cae- ]| saris inuidtissimi ! Alberti quoqj austriae || ducis indyti consiliariu atqj oratore prae- || facio foeliciter incipit; End. Fo. 34% line 13, Aeneae Siluii de curialium miseria di- || sputatio finem habet fcelicem; Fo. 34'' blank ; Fo. 35 and 36 blank. Watermark: None. Remarks : Fo. 29% one line omitted by the printer. It is written at the foot of the page after line 23, no te uolunt. ^uida no potentes sut ! ac ex. In the copy of the Bibliotheque Mazarine the abbreviations differ sHghtly, No te uolut. ^ida no potentes sut ! ac ex. Copies known : Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris (2 copies) ; Bibliotheque Mazarine, Paris ; University Library, Basel [Heynlin's copy] ; Royal Library, The Hague. 66 XXI. SoPHOLOGiuM Jacob: Magni. n. d. Fol. Collation: [a-xi"; yS] no printed signatures or catchwords; 218 fF., 32 11., and sometimes only 31 11. Register: a 1% Sequit; b^ Vn seneca; f, torica; d, Capitulum sextum e, honestu est ; f^ perpenderut ; ^, scilicet ; h, pulchra est ; /, ualerius k^ soepe ; /, fuerat ; »?, qj boni ; k, Capitulum undecimum j », habeant ! />, quae impudicae ; y, id est; r, Qui igit ; f, clementissimus ; ?, Capitulum tricesimum ! ; «, in milite ; *•, ad italia ; _y, Capitulum tredecimum ! Description : Fo. 1% Sequit tabula capitulorum istius libri. || Et primo capitula primi libri ; Fo. 4% Dodissimi at(^ excellentissimi patris ! sacra^, litteral^ || do Title not printed, but written in red. 85 nostra industria muneris quippiam regali tua maiestate dignum et effingere et formatum regie tue sublimitati satis digne possemus offerre. quo tibi primario huius regni principi placuisse nostris animis id expetentibus Isetari ualeremus. Quippe qui tanta in nos beneficentia es ut nihil unquam satis dignum tuae magnificentie aut agere aut referre possimus. Nam (ut diuinas regii tui sceptri laudes nobis dodlioribus extoUend^s relinquamus) tanta est in te, tum in omnes, turn in nos pietas atque dementia, ut alii regia tua benignitate placidissime foueantur, nos uero in regni tui principe urbe parisia, non ut inquilini, non ut incole, non ut hospites sed ut conciues liberi traftemur, et ita quidem benigne ut nusquam nobis gratior extet libertas quam sub te rege piissimo, qui sola tua freti dementia libris imprimendis regnum hoc te rege fcelicissimum illustrare magnopere desyderamus. Quo studio etsi placere tibi non satis digne ualemus, profitebimur tamen ingenue, uoluntatem nobis summam non deesse regie tue subli- mitati inseruiendi, maiorem semper afFuturam, facultatem autem prope nullam. Quid enim summo prindpi gratum satis agant externi, humilesque artis impressorie professores ? -Quid potentissimo regi, inopes ? Summa tamen innata tibi pietas audaciam nobis prestat nos, nostramque industriam regiae celsitudini tuas dedicandi, rex dementissime. Nempe quid te monet uel poenis hominum uel sanguine , pasd, turpe foedumque putare ? Clementia tibi innata. Quid facit ut deponas odus irain quam moueas ? Summa in te clementia, quae te deo proximum efEcit. Quid tandem te docet precibus nunquam inplacabilem esse, obuia prosternere, prostrataque leonis instar despicere ? Clementia. Hac das ueniam uidlis, rex inuicStissime. Hac exortante, martis horrificos coerces calores, etherei patris imitatus exemplum, qui sonoro tonitrui cuniSa concutiens, cyclopum spicula in scopulos et monstra maris e summa caeli arce iaculatur, nostri parcus cruoris. At uero (dignissime rex, cuius laudem uox humana non capit) ut tibi non quas debemus, sed quas possumus gratias agamus, riostre quoque uoluntatis quam spondemus semperque exhibebimus emineat apud te aliquod indipium, obseruantiae riostrae pignus, quod nostris effinximus manibus, tibi ofFerimus summa cum reuerentia. Sperantes id tue benignitati non ingratum futurum. Est nanque Vite speculum humanas, in quo et regii tui solii et hominum tuo sceptro subieftorum uarios casus, uaria quoque rerum discrimina quandoque per ocium non summo sine fruftuj maiore cuni iocunditate speculabere. Quod suscipias oramus a nobis tuis mancipiolis, non pro numeris specie quod perquam exiguum est, sed pro anirni nostri uoluntate quo regium tuum numen obseruare, uenerari et colere studemus, semperque maiorem in modum ' studebimus. Tua in Lutetia, x kal. maii Anni millesimi quadringentesimi secundi supra septuagesimum, manibus tibi deditissimorum Martini, Vdalrici atque Michaelis impressum. Christianissimo francorum regi diuo Ludouico quarto (sic) Germani librorum impr'essores Parisienses perpetuo se deuouent seruituros. '• Printed ", immodum." 86 XIV. PLATONIS EPISTOL^. Letter of presentation to Jean Choard. Guillermus Fichetus Parisiensis theologus doftor lohanni Choardo cancellario Calabrie uiro clarissimo salutem. Magni diuinique Platonis epystolas meo nomine iussi tibi reddi quas ad reipublicae reftionem magno tibi fore adiumento non dubito. Si tamen (quod te fafturum certe cognosco) eas crebra ledtio tibi familiares reddiderit, has si quidem ut tibi uel domi uel ruri facile in manibus essent enchyridionis instar transcribi feci. Ac ne fortassis ut soles de referenda gratia pluribus agas aut cauponari mecum amicitiam contendas, non equidem te sed in qua tu commode uersaris rempublicam platonicis meis epystolis dono. Rogo pace tua dicam quod ingenue do, mutua nostra necessitudine sentio. Si pergis mercatorio more mecum agere et res rebus ultra citraque librare, nunc profefto finem fecisti amicitie nostre. Vale. lam explodor tua domo. Sin meo me more uersari tecum patieris, non alii solum egregii mei scriptores apud te platonem sequentur, sed etiam ego quom dabitur occasio te tuisque copiis longe maioribus utar. A quibus aperte sane me reiicis nisi gratis meus Plato tecum fuerit exceptus hospitio. Vale et fortunis te serua secundis. Apud parisiensem Sorbonam quinto Kalendas maias scriptum. Disticon ficheteum. Ite mee platonis opes ad uota loannis Vultu qui placido uos quoque suscipiet. (Bibliotheque Nationale, Latin MSS., N° 16,580.) 87 FACSIMILES. GVILLERMVS Ficbctus panCicnfif thEologuCdbftoryloanrii'LapidanoSoc/ boncnfisfcholse prion falutetn • MififttmpccadBie fuaulffimas Qafpa^ vim petgarocnfif. eptflolaf ^no a t(i mocb diligent: craedatas* fed a tais quoc|^i:// raams trapreffbribus nitide d tccf c rca^' (cciptastMagnam tibi gcacia gaCpatmus babcat. • qucm plutibus tuis uigiltls ex corcupto tnteg]^ feciftttMaiore uero cse' tus do5toi)t boim/ 'tibus annis|boico ex agto luteaam contuli j^idcp Ariftoteleae difcipUnae caufa)mtra'/ bac fane ocatorcyaut pocta pbocnicc tarior| lutecta toCa inucniri«Nemo Ciccrone(uti i jplericf nuc faciuc^noctna uerfabat mauj^uejci ^fabat diutna»Hcmp cartnc ftngcbat legiti^J jT)U»nemo fi£Ki ab aUoyC3Efuris nouerat li'/ 1 i btate fuis ♦ defuefafta ftgdem ^^ladnitatel fcbola panf icnf tSyad f ermpnis mfticitatem^j \qrms pcnc deaderat ♦ At lapdlo Ipnge mc/L [Uore dies nofta numetantrquippc quibu jdiydexcf omes f ut poctc loquutjbenedice^ |di artes/indies magis niagif(| afpitant«Sig dcm([ ut rrnlfos faciam alios ])tu ufqueade© mufisyd omi cavmis gcnere pftas-'ut fi non f olu till ^c uates nobUiKimi(itibulus/Lu Letter of Fichet to Gaguin, p. i. (Document II.) From the " Orthographia." 93 crecius /MoratiusyNafo^Statius / Lucanus / MarcialiS;Pcrfius;luucnaUsye^ ^^^ 1%^ princeps VirgiUus/ ab belifeis campis ad nos remearcnt.^^pf efto tuu carmc|fuu ePCc ar bitcaienc^Quid cm Maroni tuq.cavmie fi^ ipilius-quod dc Ludouico regc noftco for'/ tiKimo/jpximis diebus cedniftifCJuld illo quadcatiuS'quod dialogoi^ inftat/unu aut altc^ cffinxifti^Tacco duitatis|).ar!.fe3e lau dcs*quse adeo fut a tc ucrboi^ uenuftate^d fentcnciai^ grauitate referte • ut utg»t utd jlaude pfeiac^iudicarc fit difficile^Pcfitereo quae de galliae byfpaniaEt^ preftantia foluta crone fccrpfifti'No cm cfl: huius teporis^dc jtujs ftudiisypfertim ad te fcdberc»De ftudi/ Ip^ bumanitatif reftitutoc loquor^ Quibuf I (^§tu ipfe conieftura capio')magnu lump no |uo^ librario^rz genus attulit«quos nta me/ ' morU^frcut qdam cquus tcoianus^quoquo// luccfo eftudit gernnania»Ferut eni illic;baut iprocul a duitate Maguncia^ Joanne quenda fuilTeyCui cognome bonemotano.qpmus oinl imprefCoua arte exccgitauptit«q no catamo, Letter of Fichet to Gaguin, p. 2. 04 (ut pcifci qdem iUi)ncc| pcnna(ut nos f m gimus')Ccd aereis Ins libci fingunt»d gdem expedite /poUtC/d pukbre»Dignuf fane bic uir fuitig omcs mufeyomes artes/Onifc| eoi^ linguxi^ libris deleftant* diuinis laudibp prnent* cocg magis diS;deabufc| anteponat' quo (ppius ac pfentius Iris ipfiS/ac ftudiofif :bomiLbuS|fuffcagiu tuUt* Si cjdem deificantj libcr iSc alma ceres»ille gppc dona Uci inuel nity poculacg inuetis acheloia mifcuit uuis.| bsec cbaoniam pmgui glandem mutauit an// fta* At(|(ut poeta utamur altero])prima cC res unco glebam dimouit aratro^ prima de*' dit fcugesy alimentamitia terris ♦ At bone motanus illc/ logc gcatiora diuimorac| m'/ uenit»quippe g Iras eiufmoi exculpfit«'qbus quidquid dici^aut cogitari poteft* propcdic fccibi/ac tcafccibi/ d pofteritatis madari mc// moriae poUfit ♦ Nec^ prefcrtim boc loco nros ;filebo»qui fuperat lanfi arte magifti*^* quo^ \dalricus Micbael ac Maitinus principes efCc dicunt-* g lam/pride Gafparini pgamenj' fif eptftolas imprclTerunt^quas toannes lapi- Letter of Fichet to Gaguin, p. 3. 95 danus emendauit* gn illius auflrons ortbo*' gpbii([qui hic_etia .accurate corcexit) fc acct gut petficerc»opus raea gdem fentencia egcc giu* nec^ auribus folu iuuetutis gti(Timu»'fcd doftio^ quoc^ ftudiis oportunu«No cnifqd pace multoi^ diftu efCc uelira^ref eft ortboy gpbia fcuftu puo ac tenui»uei^ pgcandiygca' tiffimo/appme neceffarioyd iocudo»fi c[de rc/ fte fcLibcdi ratio(qua otbogpbi3e fonat Int// ptacio")nobis in oi ligitaygc^ca latia' uemiacta c| fuffiagattqua fine nil etnedatc^ac pure fcri bi» nil legi* nil nifi contorte cfferci poCCtt* Q^uotu eni quenc|yfiuegramaticujfi_uc pratg/ rc/fiue pbilofopbu excelluifCe inueniasf qui no buic diuin^e arti maiorc inmodu ft udue/ ritfNempe(^ut bine incipia^didimus cuom» ne^ tu banc gcimatic^ ptcm libris gplurirnis exornauit» quo fit ut pmib^artisgcamatic^ ^fe(toribo(quiqdem effet^ac fuittet) Maccg// bio eu turc ptulerit* Higidtus(^qugcg cuifi/ gulb fuit cognome}a»ili Gclti fentecia fcdm Marcu Varrone locu eft confecuto^ Cur ita| nimi]^ q multus in ortbogpbise pr3eceptioe_ Letter of Fichet to Gaguin, p. 4. (For conclusion see pp. 73-75.) 96 Ciu Ciifpt Salumi/de Ludf CatlUnae coniutadone Uber fttUdtcrindpit; M N I S honrines qin (efe Oudec pzaefbre caetetis anUiiaUbus fuma ope. nid decet • tie mtam Cilentlo tcanf^antjuelud peco2a*qu^ natuta pzona atcp uentd obedienda 6.nxic*Sed ncAca omnis tns in animo comiti cla^motitefi|focenri infulaecg lordan^ -dno bcUticy cU'pari at(| cametario fcancias'libco^ Padfii impteltotca gcrmani|fcfc gpetuo Cemitucos Uhtcaliffirae offciranr/ •ff*- llEtfifctmu s lUuftdltime dux ftos ludignos cffcj^but tua ducal digrutastta fe huraanafAcllemcg pcajbeac^ut nos cxtecnos/cU bic| ignotos tua httmantcate(]qu« turaa efl:};pfcqaeteas 'ao tS fads mlcart poffumusytanra in Unto pctndpey quanta odis tc gallta admiral ypictatc/ftt hamiles noftcaf cafaf/ ftddetcfcf im prelYotias fomnilasicum patLCii effes fponte ulfendoyad labotl teddete uoluetis alacdotes'^ eas tta iocudi({tmo tuo intoico teficcre* ut f cfc faticcs fiamsas amfifca in f f cula Eutueas fpera^ renCt-^bfecuaC pncepf fodidHimc cgce^S illud pbitofophotS dt£^um^uaiito tuptores fumusitanto nos getamiis rummilTiaf* Nam cum mrec cbd(llani{{imi cuius tcgni ^ndpes dignlGfotiuC fts ' ^ Tumus ipfe deus Cuma t'lbi corpoiis aTmic| bona cumuU' tiKtme dedeutfemc ita tc cmBxs htnrnmi/piu /placabilcymi' tcmc| otlendis^'at folus is tu? benbolendf ifenftcentiagj atcg ma , gni&cendse copiamrto babeac'«|ai no digoe petiedt* ^Jg^ar^l. illud ucce did in tc a nobiC potefl: dux indytz'opod lyfandui laccdacmawiiiyCyra ratnod ]pexts^ tcgi dime (Ctceco fcdbit* cum ad earn uifcndum Sacdis tisnlffefte^le ^isiquiQCCytc ts bcatu homilies ferunc 'quonilnlEtoti tog Eortuna oiutifb eft^ Tu tjcro longc foelidor es cyxa* ^uippc cum tc aultos hovx/ (Jtst'no dedecorarraarcs^um tc animus iuftida in baralncsd ptetate in dcos cotcns ornar'no tc dcftitult corpus^ bdlis ifl^ Gr*ni^ volinof 4t\t\\o n.ir<>m ir^AAH^ Rpfntend^!? sloYia tYrattlS*^ ptecones effc intlmur^a dux;« pdncepC j© galUae omnne decua Dedicatory Letter to the Due de Bourbon. (Document XII.) From the "Rodericus Zamorensis." 99 ABCDEFGHIKLMNOP QRSTVXXZ R .;///:•.() abcdefghihlmnopqrfstujryjz Tttnoppp^p^^g§qQc?'tf 9?Qi 3 AlPHABET OF THE SoRBONNE TyPES. i-oo CORRIGENDA ET ADDENDA. P. 6, I. 7.1^ for 221 leaves, read 220 leaves. P. 6, 1. 27,y»r 237 leaves, read 236 leaves. P. 17, 1. itfor 262 leaves, read 284 leaves. P. 18, 1. 11, for 124 leaves, read 126 leaves. P. 18, 1. 22, for first letter, read second letter, P. 19, 1. 8,/»r second letter, read first letter. P. 50. Jdd to copies known of Gasparini Epistola : Bibliotheque de Rodez, imperfeft. P. 65. Add to copies known of fuvenalis et Persius a copy of the Persius only in the Grenville Library, British Museum, without the tetrastich at end. P. 87, 1, 7, for do, read de. CHISWICK PRESS : — CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO. TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON.