im 8* M i't:^^jit'. CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 189I BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE c Ana ■.SS™*" Un'veralty Library r 466 n67 + "'**?iiil]iiiMilii Mini? Iliii?""'*^" Putnam and S olin 3 1924 028 846 231 Overs Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028846231 HI8T0EY V OF Adair, Sullivan, Putnam and Schuyler Counties, MISSOURI. Feom the EJSilibst Time to the Present ; Together with Sundry Personal, Business and Professional Sketches and Nu- merous Family Records ; Besides a Valuable Fund ' of Notes, Original Observations, Etc., Etc. IXjIjTJSTE/^TED. CHICAGO : THE GOODSPEED PUBLISHING CO. 1888. /Yr-jnb(p CHICAGO. JOHN M0RB13 COMPANY, PRINTERS. PREFACE. This volume has been prepared in response to the prevailing and popular demand for the preservation of local history and biography. The method of preparation followed is the most saccessful and the most satisfactory yet devised — ^the most successful in the enormous number of volumes circulated, and the most satisfactory in the general preservation of personal biography and family record conjointly with local history. The number of volumes now being distributed seems fabulous. Careful estimates place the number circulated in Ohio at 50,000 volumes; Pennsylvania, 60,000; New York, 75,000; Indiana 40,000; Illinois, 40,000; Iowa, 35,000; Missouri, 25,000; Minnesota, 15,000; Nebraska, 15,000, and all the other States at the same pro- portionate rate. The southern half of Missouri has as yet scarcely been touched by the historian, but is now being rapidly written. The design of the present extensive historical and biographical research is more to gather and preserve in attractive form, while fresh with the evidence of truth, the enormous fund of perishing occurrence, than to abstract from insufS.cient contemporaneous data remote, doubt- ful or incorrect conclusions. The true perspective of the landscape of life can only be seen from the distance that lends enchantment to the view. It is asserted that no person is competent to write a philo- sophical history of his own time; that, owing to imperfect and conflicting circumstantial evidence, that yet conceals, instead of reveals, the truth, he cannot take that correct, unprejudiced, logical, luminous and comprehensive view of passing events that will enable him to draw accurate and enduring conclusions. The duty, then, of a histo- rian of his own time is to collect, classify and preserve the material for the final historian of the future. The present historian deals in fact; the future historian in conclusion. The work of the former is statistical ; of the latter, philosophical. To him who has not attempted the collection of historical data, the obstacles to be surmounted are unknown. Doubtful traditions, conflicting statements, imperfect records, inaccurate public and private correspondence, the bias or untruthfulness of informers, and the gen- eral obscurity which, more or less, envelops all passing events, com- bine to bewilder and mislead. The publishers of this volume, fully aware of their inability to furnish a perfect history, an accomplishment vouchsafed to the imagination only of the dreamer or the theorist, make no pretension of having prepared a work devoid of blemish. They feel assured that all thoughtful people, at present and in future, will recognize and appreciate the importance of their undertaking, and the great public benefit that has been accomplished, lY PREFACE. la the preparation of this volume the publishers have met with nothing but courtesy and assistance from the public. The subscription list was smaller than the publishers hoped and expected to receive ; and although the margin of profit was thus cut down to the lowest limit, no curtailment or omission of matter was made from the origi- nal extensive design of the work. No subject promised is omitted, and many not promised are given. The number of pages given ex- ceeds the number promised by about 400 — a volume alone. The publishers, thankful to the citizens for the success of their diflScult enterprise, feel that they have fully complied with the promise of their prospectus, and, therefore, with miich satisfaction, tender this fine volume to their patrons. March, 1888. THE PUBLISHERS. CONTENTS. PART I.— HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. PAGE. Assessment Statistics 80 Boundary, Topography, etc 13 Baptist Churches 147 BowmaDSville 184 Bairdstown 185 Boynton 194 Browning 195 Chariton Land District, The 46 County Court, The 59 Citcuit Court, The 67 Court-house and Jail 65 Criminal and Civil Cases 70 Character of Practitioners atBar 77 Confederate Troops 102 County Schools 127 Cumberland Presbyterian Churches 142 Christian Churches 143 Catholic Churches 148 Early Settlements 25 Early Boundary 46 Early Officials 53 Election Returns 104 Educational 117 Early Schools 117 Ecclesiastical 133 Early Baptist Churches 144 Elgin 198 First Settlers 25 Formation of First Townships 49 First Court Kecords 68 First Presbyterian Church 140 Geology 17 Growth and Development 79 Green City College 128 Greencastle and Vicinity 180 Early History 180 Present Copdition 181 Incorporation 182 Green City 185 Hill Settlement, The 31 Humphreys College and Business Institute. 129 Humphreys 187 Haley City - 187 Harris 192 Iron Face, The 22 Indian Occupation 24 Industries, Customs, etc., of Early Settlers... 38 Incidents of the War 100 Institutes— Teachers' 123 Judiciary 54 Jacksonville 184 Judson 187 KiddviUe 182 Land Entries 33 List of County OfSlcials : 54 Loyal and Disloyal Meetings 86 Mounds 20 Management of Schools 122 PAGE. Methodist Church, History of. 133 Methodist Churches in County 134 Missionary Baptists, The 147 Miscellaneous Items ^ 151 Milan, History of. 152 Early Schools 124 Additions 153 Sale of Lots 164 First Buildings 156 Incorperatlon 157 Boundary 158 Town Officials 165 Secret Organizations 169 Banks and Newspapers 172 Present Business 175 McCuliough 193 Nativity of Settlers in County 37 Newtown 183 Organization of County 46 Owasco 186 Osgood 192 Physical Features 14 Pioneers of Yellow Creek 32 Probate Court, The 78 Population 80 Political and Military History 82 Presbyterian Churches 141 Poor Farm, The '. 152 PleasantviUe 184 Pollock 194 Railroads 107 Quincy, Missouri & Pacific 107 Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Ill Eeger 199 Sou 17 Settlers around Milan 27 Settlement with Linn County 51 Selection of Seat of Justice 53 Senatorial Districts 56 Soldiers' Reunion 103 Sale of Sixteenth Section of Land forSchools 117 School Enumeration 119 Southern Methodists, The 139 Sullivan County Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Growers' Association 151 Scottsville, History of 178 Growth and Development 179 Sullivan City 183 Sticklerville 187 Timber and Grasses 14 Troops Furnished by County in Civil War.. 90 Towns, Villages, etc 152 United Brethren Churches 148 Valparaiso 184 West Locust Creek Settlers 26 War Politics 85 Wintersville .'. 182 Winigan 192 TI CONTENTS. PART II.— HISTOEY OF ADAIE COUNTY. PAGE. Adair in Macon County, 1837-41 254 Agricultural Associations 272 Adair County ImmigraQt Aid Association... 272 Adair County Patrons of Husbandry 273 Adair County Horticultural Society 274 Assessment, Population, etc '2.80 Attorneys 289 A Justice Court in 1841 291 Adair Village 371 Big Neck War, The 225 Black Hawk Troubles, The 232 and 299 Boundary Line Troubles 234 Beginning and End of dlavery in Adair 252 Brookfield Bank Robbery 297 Battle of Kirksville 304 Brashear, History of. 363 First Settlement 363 Growth and Development 364 Present Interests 366 Baptist Churches 395 County Court Transactions 257 County Organizations, Statistics, etc 272 Courts and Bar 283 Circuit Court, 18 41-1886 285 Criminal Record... .i 292 Civil War, The 3Ul Centralia Massacre 309 Cities, Towns and Villages 320 Crawfordsville 373 Coffee's Store 374 Cumberland Presbyterian Churches 397 Christian Churches 405 Catholic Churches a 407 Church of God 409 Danforth 372 Exploration and Settlement 223 Elections 1880 and 1886 369 Early Bridges 279 Ely's Mill 374 Educational Interests 375 Evangelical Lutheran Churches 409 First Court-hoMse 258 First County Schools 375 Floyd Creek Post-office 374 Geology. 205 Surface 205 Economic 205 General Roster of Soldiers 310 Green Top 374 Indian Treaties 224 and 232 Judiciary 283 Journalism and Literature 410 Kirksville, History ot 320 Sale of Lots 322 Additions 323 Organization 325 Transactions of Town Board 325 Elections 327 Early Merchants 329 Fires 332 Postmasters 337 Business Interests 341 PAGE. Literary and Social Organizations 344 Secret and Benevolent Societies 347 Public Schools 354 Private Schools 359 Mercantile College 360 Location and Boundary 203 List of Officers to 1878 267 Libraries 414 Minerals 210 Medical Fraternity 274 Modern Strange Official Decisions 292 MiUtary Organization 298 Mexican War Veteran League 318 Millard 367 Miscellaneous Settlements 374 Methodist Episcopal Churches 399 Names of Soldiers now in Countv 310 Nineveh '. 369 New Baden 373 Novinger 374 Newspapers of County 410 Organic and Political History 254 Organization of County 256 Physical Features 204 Pioneers of County 235 Who they were 235 Locations Selected 235 Political History 263 Pure Air 374 Presbyterian Churches.New and Old Schools 402 Protestant Episcopal Churches 407 Painting and Photography 414 Present Stock Interests 223 Regimental Societies 318 Twenty-seventh Missouri Infantry 318 Tenth Missouri Infantry 318 Ringo Point 373 Religious Organizations 393 Storm, Flood and Prairie Fire 219 Survey and First Entries of Public Lands... 241 State and County Elections 265 Stages and Railroads : 276 Sundry Military Engagements 303 Seventh Missouri Cavalry Society 319 Sublett 368 Stahl City 372 Shibley's Point 373 Sperry 374 School Districts 376 State Normal School, History of. 385 Southern Methodist Churches 404 Spiritual and Liberal Associations 409 Topography and Natural History 203 Township Entries 242 Tragedies 292 Teachers' Institute 392 Union Veterans' Association 317 United Brethren Churches 408 Universalist Churches 409 Willmathsville 370 Wilson 372 Zoology 218 PAET III.— HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. PAGE. AdkinsCase, The 505 Ayersville 581 Anderson 586 Boundary 417 Baptist Churches 555 Creating Act, The 448 County Officials. List of 456 Courts, The 458 County Court, The 458 PAGE. Circuit Court, The 471 Civil and Criminal Cases 477 Companies Raised for War Service 485 Condition of Common School System 532 Chcistian Churches 646 Cumberland Presbyterian Churches 550 Catholic Denominations 555 Central City , 578 Clarksburg 581 CONTENTS. vn PAGE. Chariton 684 Dodge County, History of. 587 Creation 687 OffiolalB 588 Elections 689 Assessment 589 Disorganization 690 Early Court Proceedings 488 Elections 506 Education 529 Enumeration and School Statistics 634 Elko 584 Eirst Settlers, The 423 Near St. John 425 On Medicine Creek 425 In Jackson Township 425 Near Putnamville 41i6 MuUinix Settlement 426 First War Movements 483 First Township Officers 608 Free United Brethren Church 552 Guerrillas * 498 Galeshurg 582 Garfield Springs '. 584 Home Guards, The 485 Hartford 677 Howland 684 Land Entries 428 Life on The Frontier i. 432 Livonia 682 Lem'en 682 Lucerne 586 Military History 482 Miscellaneous Items 506 Methodism 542 Martinstown 579 Millershurg 685 Old Settlers' Reunions 439 Old Settlers' Association, The 442 Organization of County 448 Omaha 578 Physical Features, Geology, etc 417 Probate Court, The 482 Political Outlook at Beginning of War 482 PAGE. Politics Continued 509 Population 513 Productions 514 Putnam County Agricultural and Mechani- cal Society 526 Poor Farm, The: 528 Protestant Methodist Churches 549 Presbyterian Churches .■... 549 Railroads 520 Alexandria & Nebraska City 5,.. 520 Mississippi & Missouri River Air Line.. 521 Burlington & Southwestern 522 St. Joseph &Iowa....; 623 Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska 625 Religious History 542 Settlement 423 Soldiers from Putnam County in Civil War.. 503 School Townships Organized 529 School Officials 537 St. John, History of 673 Topography 417 Township Boundaries, The 449 Taxation 514 Temperance Movements, The 515 Teachers' Institute 638 Towns, Villages, etc., in County 656 Terre Haute 680 Union Monument, The 506 United Brethren Church, The 551 XTniversalist Denomination 554 Unionville, History of. 666 Chosen County Seat 556 Sale of Lots 557 Location, Boundary, Additions, etc 559 Early Residents 561 "The Firsts" 561 Business and Professions 561 Secret Organizations ^ 565 Present Business 568 Incorporations 569 West Liberty 578 Williamsburg 679 Wyreka 581 PAET IV.— HISTOET OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. PAGE. Act Creating County : 615 Agriculture and Stock Raising 627 Boundary and Topography 595 Bench and Bar 681 Baptist Churches 748 Coal Deposits, Timber, etc 697 County Officials 636 Casualties 663 Courts, The 666 County Court and Proceedings 666 Circuit Court 671 Civil and Criminal Cases 672 Companies for War from Schuyler 705 Cities, Towns, Villages, etc 716 Coatsvllle 733 Christian Churches 749 Catholic Church 760 Downing 730 Early Races 601 Era of Settlement 604 Exploration of Marquette and Joliet 604 Early Settlements i 608 Early Roads _...; 634 Elections 638 Education 734 First Settlers 609 First Probate Business 619 Fruit 631 Financial 643 Geology 697 PAGE. Glenwood 726 Origin 726 As at First Constituted 726 Business at Present 727 Societies 729 Green Top 733 Hydrography 596 Indians, The 601 Iowa War, History of the 686 Incidents of the Civil War 712 Jurisdiction of the County Court 670 Land Entries 610 Location of County Seat 620 Liberty Township Railroad Bonds 659 List of Judges Circuit Court 681 Lancaster, History of. 717 "The Firsts" 717 Eaily Residents 718 Growth and Development 720 Present Condition 720 Professional 721 Incorporations 722 Societies 722 Additions 724 Log School-houses 734 Lancaster Seminary, The 741 Lutheran Churches 750 Mound Builders 603 Miscellaneous Subjects 622 Military Affairs 686 Till CONTENTS. PAGE. Methodist Church South 748 Methodists, The 744 Organization of County 615 Physical Features 695 Pike's Discoveries 607 Pioneer Customs 613 Public Lands 622 Population 642 Public Buildings 660 Court-house 660 Jail 662 Asylum 662 Poor Farm, The 662 Probate Court 670 Public School Lands 736 Public School Funds..: _ 737 Queen City 73t Eallroads 646 North Missouri 646 Mississippi & Missouri Biver Air Line... 649 PAGE. Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska 650 BefundiUKthe Bailroad Debt 656 Keligious History 744 Schuyler County Agricultural and Mechan- ical Society 631 Schuyler County at Breaking Out of War.... 701 Schuyler County During the War 702 Skirmish at Downing 708 Skirmish at Lancaster 710 Skirmish at Unionton 711 Soldier's Bounties 714 State School Funds 738 Sources of School ReTcnue 738 Sundry Churches in County 750 Township Formed 616 Temperance 664 The Great Bebellion 701 Tippecanoe 716 Wild Animals and Game 626 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Sullivan County 763 Adair County 938 Putnam County ...» 1036 Schuyler County 1136 POETEAITS, VIEWS, ETC. S. C. Hutchison 15 J. E. MoCurdy 29 C. B. Comstock 63 W. H. Emberton 97 Humphreys College and Business Institute. 131 J. C. DeWitt 149 J. M. Stringer 167 Edwin Darrow 232 W. T. Baird 264 E. M. Bingo 296 S. M. Link 328 J. B. Thrasher 376 B. F. Lamkin 408 E. N. Monroe 472 J. P. Schuster 536 Store of James Turner 568 B. J. Maize 600 J. A. Wilson 632 W. M. Logan 664 H. S. Justice 696 A. J. Eidson 728 PART I. HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. History of Sullivan County. INTEODUCTOET. Boundary, Topography, etc. — StdliTan County is bounded as follows: On the north by Putnam County, on the east by Adair County, on the south by Linn County, and on the west by Grundy and Mercer Counties. It is in the form of a rectangle, twenty-four miles from north to south, and twenty-seven miles from east to west, and thus contains 648 square miles, or 414,720 acres. It embraces Townships 61 to 64 inclusive, and Eangee 18 to 21 inclusive, and one-half of Eange 22, west of the fifth prin- cipal meridian. It is a trifle north of the fortieth parallel of latitude, that parallel lying about three miles south of the south- ern boundary of the county. Its altitude above the sea level is about 1,000 feet,* and its surface is gently undulating, there being within its limits no very high hills. A portion of the surface is somewhat broken, as in the northeast corner, and in the central portion from north to south, along what is called White Oak Eidge, and in the southwestern corner, though the hills seldom ex- ceed iSO feet in height. Main Divide extends from north to south between Main Locust and East Locust Creeks. Following are the names of the principal streams : Spring Creek runs southeast- wardly through the northeast corner of the county into Adair Coun- ty; Muscle Fork rises in Section 10, Township 63, Eange 18, and flows south into Linn County ; Little Yellow Creek rises in Section 29, same township and range, and flows south ; Yellow Creek rises in Section 9, Township 64, Eange 19, and flows south; Pawpaw Creek rises in Section 5, Township 62, Eange 19, and flows southwestwardly into East Locust Creek, which rises in Putnam County, and flows southwardly through Sullivan into Linn County; Main Locust Creek rises in Putnam County, and flows *The highest point In Sullivan County, on the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Bailway, is the north line, 996 feet above the sea level j the lowest point is about one-fourth of a mile north of Browning, 763 feet ; and at Milan the railroad track is 832 feet above the sea. 14 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. south through Sullivan into Linn — these two almost wholly in Eange 20 ; West Locust Creek rises also in Putnam County, and flows south in Eange 21, through Sullivan into Linn; Muddy Creek rises in Section 8, Township 62, Eange 21, and flows south into Linn; and Medicine Creek rises in Putnam County, and flows south, then southwest out of Sullivan into Grundy, near the township line between Townships 61 and 62. Springs are not numerous, though there are a few fine ones, notably Hill spring, in Milan; and occasionally there is a mineral spring, as that of Mr. Haupt, also in Milan, though the water from this spring has not been analyzed. There is also a chalybeate spring on Section 34, Township 64, Eange 21. In newly settled places cistern water is the main dependence of the people for drinking and cooking purposes, though occasionally drinking water is obtained from pools in the draws, though water may be obtained at rea- sonable depths by digging — on high lands at a depth of about thirty feet, and on lower lands at from ten to fifteen feet. The climate is equable and mild, without being moist; the drainage is excellent, and the prevailing winds are from the southwest, causing cool nights mostly . throughout the summer, and, as a consequence of all, the air is pure, the people are, as a general thing, healthy, and their complexions are clear, especially those of the women. Timber and Grasses. — The timber was originally, in many parts of the county, quite heavy. Good bodies of timbered land lay in Eange 20, as far north as the northern line of Township 63, composed mostly of white oak. Near the southern line black oak and hickory abound ; and between Main and West Locust Creeks also elm, linden and hickory are all abundant. Otherwise the county consists of prairie, with belts of timber adjacent to the principal streams, averaging about half a mile in width. Other trees besides those mentioned are the maple, cherry, white birch, blackberry, walnut, box elder, scrub oak and cottonwood, with other less important varieties ; and at the margins of the prairies are thickets of pin-oak, hazel, plum, etc. " White walnut is abun-r dant on Locust Creek, and this I find to be its extreme western limit in Missouri, nor is it found south until we reach the Mis- SULLIVAN COUNTY. STATE OF MISSOURI. 17 souri River."* When the first settlers came to Sullivan County, its surface was devoid of vegetation, but now it is covered over with shrubbery and nearly all kinds of trees that grow in this latitude. The native grasses comprise many varieties, and have been the chief source of wealth to the farmers; but the far-famed nutritious blue-grass is rapidly taking possession of the county, and is adding largely to the value of pasture lands. White clover, red clover, timothy and red top also grow luxurantly, and make excellent meadows. Soil. — The soil of the county is generally good, the valley and bottom lands being of a black, alluvial deposit and vegetable mold from four to ten feet deep, while the prairies are covered with a soil from four to ten inches deep, which are very produc- tive and susceptible of high cultivation. The subsoil of the county is of various formations varying from the loess or lacus- trine deposit to yellow, jointed clay ; beds of sand, clay and boul- ders belonging to the drift formation are frequently found. Boulders of great variety in size are met with ; on Spring Creek a granite boulder 6x8 feet is exposed, and near Bairdstown there is one 12 feet high, 25 feet long, and 14 feet across the top, about 100 cubic yards being exposed. These stones are composed of red f eldspathic granite, and it is believed they were brought over 500 miles before reaching their present resting-place, and of course from some region where the Azoic rocks were exposed to the moving glacier. Geology. — What have been described all belong to the qua- ternary system. Beneath this geologic system, the next in order is the upper carboniferous system, which is all that need be dis- cussed in this volume, as it contains most if not all of the geolog- ical formations that are of economic value. And first, as to the coal banks, adapted mainly from the report of G. C. Broadhead, State geologist. Mr. C. J. Norwood, assistant State geologist, observed on and near Main Locust Creek the following coal banks : Maloney's, in Section 18, Township 61, Eange 20, about a mile east of Scottsville, of which the following are the overlying strata: * G. C. Bioadhead, State geologist. 18 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTS. 1. — Upper slope. 2. — 5 feet dark drab clay shales. 3. — Prom 3 to 6 inches of blue-black limestone, containing the fossil Oardium Lexingtonensis. 4 — Prom 2 to 5 inches of brown, coarse-grained, soft, argil - laceous limestone. 5. — Prom five to seven feet of bituminous shales with large dark-blue, hard and brittle limestone concretion containing a small AUorisma, and other fossils. 6. — One foot six inches of coal. This coal is believed to be the equivalent of the coal mines three miles southwest of Laclede, Linn County, on Black Water, Johnson County, and of the Mulky coal, in La Payette County. A mine at Mr. Kirby's place, in Section 21, Township 61, Eange 20, is worked, where the same coal is found as at Malo- ney's; and near Pield's mill, on Section 8, same township and range, the same coal exists, but it has not been worked, and it also occurs in Section 14, Township 61, Eange 20. Coal has been found in many places on Spring Creek, but the mines are not worked, as at Avery Woods', and on Beeler's land. At Jack Conklin's, near the county line, coal is three feet thick, capped by a six-inch layer of bituminous shales, and one foot of olive shales above, with a roof above these of four feet of shales and lime- stone. At William Downing's, in Section 18, Township 64, Bange 18, coal is found eighteen inches thick, and on another tributary of Spring Creek, one quarter of a mile south, it is found two feet thick, and also within three-quarters of a mile of Mrs. Downing's, coal is seen thirty-five feet above the valley, and is probably two feet thick. The same coal is found on the land of David Sodder, in the southwest quarter of Section 27, Township 63, Eange 20, commencing at a depth of about thirty- five feet below the surface, and is arranged as follows : 1. — 6 inches olive shales. 2. — 10 inches coal. 8. — 2 inches ash-colored clay. 4. — 18 inches black shales. 5. — 5 inches rusty coal. STATE or MISSOUBI. 19 6. — 3 inches clay. 7. — 1^ inches coal. 8. — X| inches clay. 9. — 3J inches coal. Below these layers is fire clay and then sandstone. The geol- ogist thinks this coal passes under Milan at about 100 feet below the hill top, or about fifty feet below Locust Creek, and he says : " Examining one section, we would then leave four prospective beds to be found in the boring, and taking the surface for unity, at 227 feet, 18 inches of coal ; at 298 feet, 2^ to 3 feet of coal, and at 387 feet, 3^ to 4 feet of coal." On the whole, there- fore, the prospect for profitable coal mining in Sullivan County is not very brilliant. This is, however, on account of there being so many thin seams of coal. The geologist sums up his observations upon the coal of the county with the following estimate: "We may safely expect to find the county underlaid by the same beds as Linn, under the entire surface of 648 square miles — say 6^ feet in thickness, to which add 2 feet of coal, under an area of about 10 square miles, and we have 4,719,255,552 tons of coal in this county. There is good brick clay, and some good fire brick clay in the county, but neither of these nor good building stone is very abundant, though there are many quarries of rock suitable for walling wells and for common rough stone work. There is, how- ever, a little excellent stone, as the basement walls of the court- house in Milan are of stone quarried from the farm formerly owned by Hon. Westley Halliburton, but now owned by D. H. Crumpacker, that is of an excellent quality, and in Section 29, Township 64, Eange 20, is an excellent quarry belonging to James Weber. With reference to the presence of iron and other metals in Sullivan County, Mr. Broadhead says in his report that at Thompson Cassity's the red shales contain red calcareous iron- stone nodules, also thin calcareous ironstone beds, and minute scales of bright iron oxide sometimes occupy fractures in the shaly beds. The oxide seems to have infiltrated the cracks, and the shales seem soon after to have been pressed, leaving a coat- 20 HISTOBT OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. ing of a bright metallic appearance. Some of the nodules are ochrey, as are also some of the shales. Mounds. — Mounds in Sullivan County were and are still quite numerous, although the smaller ones are slowly but surely being reduced to the level of the ground surrounding them. In the southeast part of Milan on a ridge are numerous mounds almost thus reduced. The one formerly on Dr. Fox's farm, in which was found the wonderful metal image or cast, the only one of its kind ever found in this county, is razed to the general level. That which was once on the public square at Milan has also dis- appeared. There is still a small mound about ten feet high on the southeast quarter of the southwest of Section 17, Township 63, Bange 20. The "Indian Grave," as it has always been called, men- tioned in the description of the boundaries of thetownships,is about five feet above the general level, about thirty feet in diameter, and nearly circular. On account of the large number of stones which it originally contained, it has sometimes been called the "Indian Stone Pile;" the stones have, however, nearly all been removed and utilized by the white man. The "Big Mound" on the farm of William C. Grant, about seven miles northwest of Milan, is a remarkable object. It is on the northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 20, Township 63, Range 20. Its base covers about four acres of ground, and its perpendicular altitude is about fifty feet. There was formerly quite a number of mounds on the farm of William Crummers, on Main Locust Creek, Section 8, Township 62, Range 20. They numbered from twenty-five to thirty, and were partly on bottom lands and partly on upland. Those on bottom lands were from ten to fifteen feet in diameter, and about two feet high; those on the upland from fifteen to twenty feet in diameter, and about three feet high. In about 1857 or 1858 Robert McClary dug into some of them, and found them to con- tain skeletons of human beings, especially bones of the arms and limbs. The finding of the bones caused him to desist, for he had a strong feeling against disturbing the remains of the dead. At the present time, the mounds for the most part have been reduced to the general level of the ground. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 21 There is a mound three miles northwest of Alexander Dun- lap's house, which is about 15x20 feet in dimensions, and three feet high. Two hundred yards south from this mound is an ancient Indian grave, which is within fifty yards of Mr. Wy ant's house. In the vicinity are still visible indications of the exist- ence in former times of an Indian encampment. One of the most remarkable mounds in this part of the State was the one that formerly occupied a portion of the public square in Milan. Its extreme altitude above the level of the ground was about fifteen feet. It was some twenty feet broad, and had projec- tions, one toward the southeast, the other toward the southwest, so that its outline was very nearly that of a capital V, with the point toward the northwest. Buried in this mound were three skele- tons, all in a sitting posture and facing in the same direction as the point of the V. Nearest to the point sat the largest skeleton, that of a giant in stature. The thigh bone, when placed by the side of that of a living person who was six feet, one and a half inches high, was found to be about three inches longer than his, which would give for the height of the giant when living a trifle over seven feet. The other two skeletons were of ordinary indi- viduals. Around the skeletons were piled surface stones, and these stones were used in the building of the basement walls of the first jail of the county, the walls being double all around the building with a foot of space between, the jail being about twenty feet square, and the walls fifteen feet high. It was evident to those who leveled this monument of an ancient race with the ground that the dirt of which it was composed was carried there from a distance, and also that the mound had been made many years before that time, for at the time of its removal trees were growing on its sides which were eighteen inches in diameter. The finding of these skeletons in the mound gave to Dr. J. E. Sands the basis for his " Legend of the Mound," or the " Legend of Patawaka," which was first published over twenty years ago by Dr. John H. Blue, at Brunswick, Mo., and afterward published in several other papers, among them the Milan Farmer. While this legend was wholly imaginary, it was of great interest to the denizens of this portion of the country, their minds being 22 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. then in that crude state of development when fiction is of far mor& interest than fact. Luella was the heroine of the story. She was the daughter of a Frenchman, living probably in Illinois, who was a great friend of La Salle. Luella had two ardent lov- ers, one of her own race and nation, the other a brave Indian warrior. The latter being unable to successfully prosecute his suit at the feet of the fair damsel, and equally unable to purchase her of her father with any number of ponies, Paris like resolved upon her abduction. In this he succeeded, and carried her away to the westward. Her absence from home, was, however, soon noticed, and the reason therefore correctly surmised. Her French lover, to whom her heart was truly attached, immediately organ- ized a rescuing party of Indians, at the head of whom Patawaka was placed. Pursuit was rapidly made, and the abducting party overtaken near the site of the mound, the present site of Milan. A battle ensued, Luella was rescued, and Patawaka lost a num- ber of his men. Tears afterward, when he himself came to die, his remains were buried in this mound, and his was the skeleton seven feet high. This is as nearly the outline of the "Legend of Patawaka" as can be learned without access to the legend itself. The Iron Face. — One of the most remarkable images or casts ever discovered, perhaps in this country, was found on Sunday, October 3, 1880, by Dr. Hannibal Fox, of Milan, on his farm about seven-eighths of a mile east of that town. There was a small mound a short distance southwest from his house and near the road, through which a deep, dense furrow ran from north to south, which by the rain had been washed out to the depth of about two feet, and in driving a wagon with the wheels of one side in this furrow, these wheels passed over one edge of this oast, which was lying face downward in the trench. The Doctor noticing it, kicked it with his foot, but found it very heavy, so, taking hold of it with his hand, he turned it over, and exposed its features to view. Greatly surprised to find such an image and of such heavy material, he suddenly exclaimed, " What in h — and d have we here ? " William Isaacs, an Englishman, who was present, as if able to solve the question, instantly answered, " Why, hits a petrified Hinjun! " The Doctor said " No, its too STATE OF MISSOUBI. 23 heavy for a petrification," and bo it was. On July 2, 1887, its weight was found to be thirteen and three-quarter pounds, and when weighed in water only twelve and one-half pounds, which gives eleven for its specific gravity. This is equal to that of rhodium, and greater than that of iron, copper or silver, and less only than lead, mercury, palladium, gold, platinum and iridium. Over the right eye is a wound as of an arrow shot, and the scar around the forehead suggests the use of the scalping knife. The cast of the features was probably taken in fire clay, which was burned after removal from the face, and a flattening of the left jaw shows that the chief or whoever he was in life, was cold in death at the time the cast was made. After the clay mold was thus made it was used as a crucible to I'eceive the ore or metal. The back surface which is flat, being covered with slag, seems to indicate that it was melted down from the ore, and the greater thickness of the right side would seem to indicate that the crucible tipped in that direction, showing the process of melting the ore. Nothing besides was found in the mound, except an arrow head, but at some distance was noticed what had apparently been the stone floor of a furnace, as the stones composing it had evidently been subjected to great heat. When the cast was made, and to what race of people the original belonged, are matters of conjecture, but it appears quite certain that it must have been in the ground many hundred years. The above is the ingenious, perhaps it may be said, facetious theory of Dr. Fox, with reference to this image. Its true history is as follows : About thirty years ago two young men by the name of Welsh were working in a foundry in Eastern Iowa. One of them, for the sake of the oddity of the thing, determined to make an impression of his face, and a casting from the impres- sion. Carrying out his notion he obtained two castings. One of them he sent to his mother, then as now living in Central Iowa, and the other he sent to .his aunt, then Mrs. Smith, now Mrs. Mary A. Norman of Ayersville, Putnam Co., Mo. Dr. Stan- ton, a son-in-law of Thomas Caul, of St. John, Putnam County, took the casting from Mrs. Norman's to Mr. Caul's about th& year 1874, and Dr. Pox "obtained it from Dr. Stanton in 1880. 24 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. The queer looking image has furnished Dr. Pox no end of amuse- ment up to this time. The chief clerk of the bureau of ethnology, of Washing- ton, D. C, in a letter to the compiler of this work, dated Aug- ust 15, 1887, says: '^Prof. Cyrus Thomas, an expert in archaeol- ogy, had his attention brought to this relic by Prof. Baird, and his recollection of the matter is, though it is indistinct, that it is cast iron. If it is metallic and cast, as it seems to be, he thinks it of neither Indian nor Mound-Builder origin." Another of the relics of the pre-historic occupants, if not inhabitants of this county, is the "Big Lick," which for many years was a noted landmark. It is on Sections 35 and 36, Town- ship 64, Eange 19, and about three miles southwest from Spring Creek. It is near the head of a "draw," and several smaller •draws branch down into it. The " Lick" covered several acres of ground, and had been licked out by the buffalo to the depth of about fifteen feet in the deepest part. The old State road from Linneus, through Milan, and past Wells' mill to the Iowa State line ran originally through the " Lick," but more recently it has been enclosed, and is now either pasture or cultivated land. Indian Occupation. — Prior to about 1795, the territory now included in Sullivan and neighboring counties was claimed by the Missouris, who at that time were driven south and west across the Missouri by the Sacs, Foxes and Northern tribes. During the War of 1812 a portion of the Sacs and Foxes remained loyal to the United States, left the main tribe in Wisconsin, and under the lead of Pashenaho (the Gigger) and Quashquame (the Jumping Fish) located on the Missouri Kiver, and then they claimed the country which is now Sullivan County. But there never were many Indians in the county, and its Indian history is without startling events. The Sacs and Foxes, the lowas and probably the Pottawattomies came in small bands from Iowa, from time to time, and hunted and trapped along Locust and Parsons Creeks, and on the Winigan, and passed through this section on their way to Old Chariton and other tovms from 1820 to 1840, but it was never their intention to permanently occupy the country. The Indian claim to all the territory noVth of the Missouri Eiver STATE OF MISSOUBI. 25 within the limits of this State was relinquished by the Sacs and Foxes, by the treaty of 1824. At one time in 1846 a party of Indians consisting of about fifteen warriors and the same number of squaws came into the county on a hunting expedition. They went into camp on East Locust Creek, not far from Milan. A short time after going into camp they learned casually that some one had cut down a white walnut tree, in the forks of which, wrapped in bark, had been buried the body of an Indian, together with his rifle, the object being to get possession of the rifle. The Indians were very much incensed at this desecration of a grave, and made every effort to find out who the culprit was. They went to the house of A. C. Hill, who was away from home at the time, hav- ing gone to Old Chariton to get a grist ground. Mrs. Hill would however give them no information, neither would Thomas Lane, who, then a young man, was stopping at the house. They de- manded whisky of Mrs. Hill, but she, knowing that would only enrage them the more, refused them that also. At length they abandoned all efforts to obtain either the desired information or any whisky and returned to their camp. After a few days, being visited by Esom Hannon, Philip Beynolds, William Talley and others, as a deputation of citizens embodying the authority of the town of Milan, the seat of justice of Sullivan County, who laid down the law to them, they retired, without doing any one any harm beyond frightening some of the women and the timid men pretty badly. It was, however, probably well for G. W. Pipes, that the bloodthirsty red men failed to find out who had cut down the tree. SETTLEMENTS, ETC. The Earliest Settlers. — The testimony is uniform to the effect that the first settlement in the county was made by Dr. Jacob Holland and his son, Eobert W. Holland, near the site of the present village of Scottsville, in 1836. Dr. Holland was a descendant of a Eevolutionary soldier, and manifested his patri- otism by volunteering in the Black Hawk War, and also in the Mexican War, in which he was wounded. He was not a regu- 26 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. larly educated physician, but acquired his knowledge of the heal- ing art from the Indians and from his own observations and researches, and thus was a graduate only of the college of expe- rience, which, although an excellent school^ never grants diplo- mas. He is said to have been equally famous as a bear hunter and Indian fighter. After the Mexican War he settled in Put- nam County, but the excitement caused throughout the country by the discovery of gold in California caused him with many others to emigrate thither, and so far as ascertainable he has never returned. John Hatcher was the next settler in Sullivan County. Mr. Hatcher was always a farmer, and by his energy and industry acquired a competency for his declining years. Other settlers in the same vicinity were Hawkins Harrelson, Hazael Harrelson, a Mr. Head and Henry Dell. John Dennis with his wife and four children moved into the settlement in 1838, and at this time there were in the county only those whose names are given above, and E. T. Dennison and a Eev. Mr. Curl, north of Milan about twelve miles, and Matthew Kidd, in the neighborhood of Kiddville. Bev. Mr. Curl was a Baptist preacher, the first preacher to come into the county. John Dennis was assessor of the county four years and sherifE four years ; W. J. Dennis, one of his sons, is now a blacksmith at Milan. After John Dennis others came in, among them Eeuben Wilhite, Jesse Coins, William Daly, Hugh C. War- ren and Eobert Burns. William W. Sevier settled about six miles south of the present town of Milan in 1839, with his wife and five children, one of whom, Thomas B. Sevier, still resides in the county. Jeremiah G. Smith, from Boston, Mass., also came in 1839, and was married February 11, 1841, to one of the daugh- ters of William W. Sevier. John McCuUough, originally from Pittsburgh, Penn., came from Boone County, Mo., to Sullivan County, in 1840, with his wife and six children. James Mur- phy, a newly married man, came in in 1840, and Jacob Weaver and John Weaver, the latter of whom had married Murphy's sis- ter, came about the same time, as also did Elias Hudnall. West Locust Greek Settlers. — In what was called the West Locust Creek settlement there were Daniel Wilhite, who came STATE OF MI8S0UBI. 27 ffom Tennessee in 1840, with his wife and three or four children ; Thomas Spencer, from Monroe County, with his wife and three children ; Gabriel Jones, from Monroe County, with his wife and five children ; William Eaton, also from Monroe County, with his wife and three or four children, and Hiram T. Elmore, a single man from Kentucky. Jefferson and Harrison Elmore lived in the vicinity of the present village of Eeger. Other old settlers were the following: Levi Dennis, Martha Hale, William Walker, Samuel Darr, John Constant, Oliver P. Phillips, Samuel Kogers, Branson Jackson, Peter Groves, Stephen E. Fields, Samuel Eead, Lewis Toddhunter and C. H. Levin, who came here in 1839, settled eight miles north of Milan, on Main Locust Creek, and for some time kept a trading post near the Henry mill, and traded with the Indians, selling to them whisky for the most part, for which he was indicted by the grand jury in 1845. M. B. Witter came in 1845. Thomas Wood settled in the northwest corner of the county, as did John L. Wood, who afterward developed into a Methodist preacher. John Crumpacker came to this county in 1839, and his sons now live, two of them in Sullivan, and two in Putnam County ; in Putnam County John and Edward, and in Sullivan, Dandridge and David H. Settlers Around Milan. — The first settler in the vicinity of Milan was Armstead C. Hill, who is still living in the town at the age of eighty-three. He was formerly from Kentucky, moved to Boone County, Mo., in 1822, and to what is now Sulli- van County, about eight miles south of the present town of Milan, in 1839, where he raised a crop, and in January, 1840, in com- pany with two or three others, visited the vicinity of Milan. After deciding to remain, and marking his name on two or three trees, he discovered the spring, subsequently known all over the surrounding country as Hill's spring. He erected a log cabin 16x16 feet in size, about 125 yards northwest from the spring, and moved thereto with his wife (formerly Miss Nancy Fenton) and eight children. His nearest neighbor then was eight miles nearly due south, Elisha Smith, who remained, however, in the county but about a year. As the first settler of Milan, it is fit- ting that a brief mention of the life of Mr. Hill be inserted at this 28 HISTOEY OF S0LLIYAN COUNTY. place. He was born in Virginia, July 19, 1804. His father, Will- iam Hill, was a native of Virginia, as also was his mother, whose maiden name was Kitty Wesley. They moved from Virginia to Madison County, Ky., in 1806, where William Hill died in 1814, and Mrs. Hill, his wife, died in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1842. A. C. Hill married Miss Nancy Fenton in 1824, came to Sullivan County in 1839, and to Milan in 1840. His first wife died in 1871, and he was married the second time to Mrs. Nancy Tagert, a daughter of John Baldridge, Sr. By his first wife he had ten phildren — eight sons and two daughters. One of his sons was killed by a falling tree ; all the rest lived to the age of maturity. In 1849 Mr. Hill went to California, in the hope of finding gold. In 1851 he went to Oregon, and for three years was engaged in trade in various kinds of commodities between the two portions of the Pacific slope, accumulating considerable money. He explored nearly the whole of Oregon and Washington Territories during the six years from 1851 to 1857, in which latter year he returned to Missouri where he has since resided. He served for eleven months in the First Missouri State Militia, during the years 1862 and 1863, Col. James McFerran, commanding. In his prime Mr. Hill was one of the finest looking and stoutest men ever seen in Sullivan County. He was very straight, five feet ten and one-half inches tall, and at his greatest weight, weighed 242 pounds. He still enjoys good health for one of his age. Among others who came in after Mr. Hill might be men- tioned the following, though the precise date and order of their arrival may not have been accurately ascertained: Thomas Lane came in the fall of 1840, a single man, and was married to Miss Nancy Frazer in 1843; John Baldridge, Jr., came in the fall of 1840, from St. Charles County, with his wife and no children; Esom Hannon came about the same time from Monroe County, with his wife and four children ; and William Tally, his son-in- law, with his wife and three children; Benjamin Couch, origi- nally from Tennessee, came in the fall of 1840, from Linn County, with his wife and seven children and also Joseph Couch, with his wife and six or seven children; Francis Drake came from Ohio in 1840, a single man; Daniel Doyle, Sr., with his John E. M? Curdy. SULLIVAN COUNTY. STATE OF MISSOURI. 31 wife, and Daniel Doyle, Jr , witli his wife and four children, also came from Ohio about the same time, as also John Landers, with his wife and four children; Daniel Shatto, with his wife and six or^seyen children; John Montgomery, with his wife and five chil- dren ; Ira Sears, formerly from Ohio, but then from Linn County, with his wife and three children ; and in 1841 Solomon Grim, with his wife and four children. Others moving into the vicinity of Milan during the next two or three years were Daniel Boyd from ' St. Charles County, Mo., with wife and six or seven children; Hayden Brown, from Boone County, with his wife; Beuben Marsh, from Ohio, with wife and three or four children ; Henry Clem, Sr., with wife and five children; Henry Clem, Jr., newly married; James Shipley from Ohio, with wife and seven or eight children; Thomas Shipley, from Ohio, with wife and four chil- dren; Thomas Henry, from Franklin County, Mo., with his wife and three or four children; John Dearing, from Tennessee, with wife and two or three children; Thomas Beard, from Monroe County, with wife dliid three children ; William Watson, born in Ireland, went to Virginia in 1824, and came to Sullivan County in 1840, a single man. In 1841 he married Miss Mahala Burns, daughter of Eobert Burns. He was for a long time justice of the peace, and also judge of the county court. He died of old age, June 14, 1887. Samuel Lewis came from Monroe County in 1842, with his wife and five or six children ; William Hurst came from Tennessee with his wife and six children; John Sinclair came with his wife and three or four children ; Eichard Wages came from Kentucky, with his wife and seven children ; James Bennett, from Tennessee, with his wife and no children; Lewis C. Hunt, fi'om Indiana, with his wife and three children; Stephen G. Watkins, from Kentucky, a single man, went to Boone County and married, and returned to Sullivan County to reside. He was the first lawyer in Milan. Barnett Yates came from North Carolina in 1841, with his wife and three children. The Hill Settlement. — The second house built in what may, perhaps, be called the Hill settlement (Armstead C. Hill having built the first), was by Francis Drake, about two miles north and slightly to the west. The next was built by Daniel Doyle, 32 HISTOKY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. on Main Locust Creek, about three miles to the west. John Baldridge, Jr., then erected one about a mile to the southwest; Hayden Brown built due west, about three-fourths of a mile; Joseph Couch, one and a half miles due east; Benjamin Couch, one and a fourth miles southeast; William Walker, two and a half miles due east; Barnett Yates, two miles northeast; Ira Sears, five miles northeast ; Esom Hannon, three-fourths of a mile north ; William Tally, one mile north ; and others at various distances in various directions. The above were all log houses. The first frame house was built by George W. Smith, about 150 yards due west from Hill's spring. In this house Mr. Smith afterward opened a saloon, and subsequently moved it into' town. Pioneers of Yellow Creek. — In the Yellow Creek settlement, about ten miles east of Milan, the following persons settled early: Kobison Morris (after whom Morris Township was named) came in the spring of 1840, with his wife and four children; George Baker, from Kentucky, with his wife and three or four sons, the eldest of whom was named Robert; he also had at the time some daughters. Griffin Taylor, with his wife and five children; George Page, with his wife and five or six children, and Columbus Sloan, with his wife and three children. Jesse Yates settled in 1844, about three miles north of Milan. He is a brother of the wives of the Siamese twins. Following is a list of the earliest land entries in what is now Sullivan County, for the first two or three years after land entries began to be made. Some additional names of early settlers will be found among those purchasing land of the Government, but all of the entries will not be found as the design is to omit all the entries made by non-residents who never became inhabitants of Sullivan County. The first entry made was on March 22, 1839, by John Snell, the west half of the northwest quarter of Section 24, Township 61^ Eange 21. On the 6th of May, the following entries were made: The northwest quarter of Section 25, Township 61, Eange 21, by Meshack Smith, and also by him the northwest quarter of Section 36, same township and range. Lewis Tyre on the same day entered the southwest quarter of Section 25, same township and STATE OF MISSOUEI. 33 range, and Elislia T. Dennison, the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 25, and the east half of the northeast quarter of Section 36, same township and range. It will be ob- served that the above entries were all south of the present vil- lage of Scottsville. On the 7th of May two entries were made — one by Jonathan Hunt, the west half of the northwest quarter of Section 27, Township 62, Eange 22, and the other by William Harvey, the west half of the southwest quarter of the same sec- tion. These were about three miles southwest of the present village of Bowmansville. On the 20th of May James Shipley entered the northeast quarter of Section 8, Township 61, Eange 21 ; Henry Clem, the northwest quarter of Section 11, and Moses W. Payne and James H. Bennett, the southwest quarter of Sec- tion 11, same township and range. These, it will be observed, were, from three to four miles northwest of the present village of Scottsville. On the same day Messrs. Payne and Bennett en- tered Lot 2, of the northwest quarter of Section 1, Township 62, Range 22, nearly two miles northeast of Bowmansville. May 22 Uriah Humphrey entered the northwest quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 10, Township 61, Eange 21, and the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Town- ship 61, Eange 22, the latter entry being about two miles north- east of the site of the present town of Lindley, Grundy Co. May 30, Moses W. Payne and James H. Bennett entered the north- west quarter of Section 2, Township 61, Eange 21, and William W. Morton, the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 24, Township 61, Eange 21. Land Entries. — In June the following persons entered land: on the 4th, Hugh 0. Warren, the east half of the northeast quarter of Section 12, Township 61, Eange 21 ; on the 8th, John Constant, the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 61, Eange 22; and Blias A. Cowhict, the northwest quarter of Section 3, Township 61, Eange 22 ; on the 17th, Thomas Henry, the northeast quarter of Section 2, Township 61, Eange 21, and Eobert W. Holland, the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 23, and the northwest quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 24, Town- ship 62, Eange 21 ; on the 19th, Hiram Osborn, the northwest 34 HISTOKY OP SULLIVAN OOUNTT. quarter of Section 15, TownsMp 61, Eange 21 ; Andrew J. Con- stant, the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Township 61, Eange 22 ; Elisha Cowhick, the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 10, Township 61, Kange 22 ; and John Constant, the east half of the northwest quarter and the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 14, Township 61, Eange 22 ; on the 24th, John W. Walton, the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 3, Township 62, Eange 22; on the 26th, Hiram Osborn, the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 10, Township 61, Eange 21 ; on the 25th Hugh 0. Warren, the west half of the northeast quarter of Section 12, Township 61, Eange 21, and on the 80th, Sampson Johnson, the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 25, Township 61, Eange 21. July 8 Nathan Hunt entered the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 22, Township 62, Eange 22, and the west half of the northeast quarter of Section 15, Township 61, Eange 21 ; and July 25, William Daly, the southeast quarter of the south- east quarter of Section 1, Township 61, Eange 21. August 8 Eeuben Wilhite entered the east half of the north- east quarter of Section 35, Township 62, Eange 21, and August 12, Nathan Hunt, the east half of the northeast quarter of Sec- tion 15, Township 61, Eange 21. September 11 John Eoss entered 240 acres in Section 12, Town- ship 62, Eange 21. October 13 John Constant entered the east half of the south- east quarter of Section 8, Township 61, Eange 22 ; on the 28th, James Shipley, the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 8, Township 61, Eange 21 ; and on the 30th, Jacob Clem, the northeast quarter of Section 25, Township 62, Eange 21. November 28 John Snell entered the east half of the north- east quarter of Section 28, Township 61, Eange 21 ; December 4, James Shipley, the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 61, Eange 21, and John MoOuUough, the east half of the north- east quarter of Section 12, Township 62, Eange 22. In 1840 the following entries were made: January 3, Eobert Taylor, the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 24, Town- STATE OF MISSOURI. 35 ship 61, Eange 21 ; William Pierce, January 4, the north haK of the northwest quarter of Section 25, Township 62, Eange 21; and January 20, Lewis Tyre, the west half of the southeast quar- ter of Section 23, Township 61, Eange 21; February 29 (Satur- day), John Pierce, the south half of the southeast quarter of Section 26, Township 68, Eange 21 ; March 14, Elisha Smith, the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 24, Township 62, Eange 21 ; March 25, the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 24, Township 61, Eange 21 ; March 30, Silas Smith, the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 26, Town- ship 63, Eange 21 ; May 13, "William Calhoun, southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 34, Township 61, Eange 21; May 25, Peter B. Thomas, the northeast quarter and Lot 2, north- west quarter of Section 3, Township 68, Ea^ge21 ; Thomas Wood, the north half of Section 34, Township 64, Eange 21 ; Gabriel Jones, southeast quarter of Section 16, Township 63 Eange 21 ; June 18, Joseph HooTcr, southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of Sec- tion 11, Township 62, Eange 21 ; August 25, James Scott, north half of the northeast quarter of Section 24, Township 61, Eange 21 ; November 21, William I. Gibbins, the northeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 20, Township 64, Eange 21 ; Decem- ber 4, Jephthah Wood, the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 28, Township 64, Eange 21; December 18, John J. Thomas, the northwest quarter of Section 28, Township 64, Eange 21, and Ealeigh Bondurant, the west half of thejnortheast quarter of Section 10, Township 68, Eange 21. Following is a copy of the deed to the original town plat of Milan: This indenture, made and executed on this 13th day of May, 1845, between Hiram Phillips and Elizabeth Phillips of the one part, and of the county of Sul- livan, in the State of Missouri, of the second part, witnesseth, that, for and in consideration of the sum of $350, good and lawful money of the United States, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, we have this day granted, bar- gained and sold and by these presents do grant, bargain and sell unto the said county of Sullivan, in the said State of Missouri, the following described tract or parcel of land, lying, being and situated in the said county of Sullivan, and known as part of the east half of the southeast quarter of Section No. 3, Town- ship No. 63, and Eange 30, and being fifty acres to be taken off the north end of said east half of the said southeast quarter of Section 3, by a line running paral- lel with the north boundary of said tract, containing fifty acres, together with 36 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. all and singular the rights, privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging, to have and to hold the said premises, with the appurtenances unto the said county of Sullivan in said State. The said Hiram Phillips and Elizabeth, his wife, cov- enant and agree with the said county of Sullivan, that the above and therein described premises now are free of and from all incumbrances done, or suffered to be done by us, and that we will therefore warrant and defend the title to said tract of land against the claim or claims of all and every person or persons claim- ing by or through or under us, or in any other manner whatever. In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals on the day and year aforesaid. H. Phillips, Elizabeth Phillips. Other Land Entries. — A large number of entries were made in 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844 and 1845, in which latter year the county was organized, but the list would be too long to be pub- lished entire in this work. A few others are here added, made by some of those who afterward became prominent in the county. Milton H. Williams, then a resident of Linn County, but after- ward a resident of Sullivan County, on the 9th of January, 1840, entered the southwest quarter of Section 12, Township 61, Eange 21 ; David H. Leeper, January 16, 1841, entered the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 27, Township 62, Eange 21; Daniel Shatto, March 6, 1841, entered the east half of the north- west quarter, and the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 12, Township 62, Range 21 ; Samuel Lewis, April 2, 1841, entered the southeast quarter of Section 34, Township 64, Eange 21; Elisha K. Eaton, August 2, 1841, entered the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 63, Eange 21 ; John Arrasmith, August 13, 1841, entered the east half of the northeast quarter of Section 27, Township 64, Eange 21 ; Alfred England, August 23, 1841, entered the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 13, and the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 14, Township 62, Eange 22 ; John Hatcher, January 6, 1843, entered the south half of Lot 2, north- west quarter of Section 19, Township 61, Eange 20; Jeremiah G. Smith, January 9, 1843, entered the west half of the southeast quarter, and the east half of the southwest quarter of Section 10, Township 61, Eange 20; "William "Watson, January 7, 1843, entered the northeast quarter of Section 7, Township 61, Eange 20; Eobert Burns, January 19, 1843, entered the west half STATE OP MISSOURI. 37 of the northwest quarter of Section 7, Township 61, Eange 20; Samuel E. Fields, January 23, 1843, entered the south- east quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 6, Township 61, Eange 20; Solomon Grim, February 23, 1843, entered the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 9, Township 62, Eange 20; Hiram Phillips, May 6, 1843, entered the north- west quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Township 62, Eange 20, upon which lies a part of the original town of Milan ; David W. Vrooman, April 22, 1843, entered the west half of the northwest quarter of Section 29, Township 61, Eange 20; John Montgomery, November 17, 1843, entered the east half of Lot 1, in the northwest quarter of Section 4, Township 62, Eange 20; Hiram T. Elmore, January 4, 1844, entered Lot 2, southwest quarter of Section 31, Township 62, Eange 20; Eobertson Mor- ris, February 28, 1845, entered the east half of Lot 1, north- west quarter of Section 2, and the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 61, Eange 19. Nativity of the Settlers. — By the end of the year 1842 settle- ments had been made along all the streams to the northern line of the county, and it would appear that as a general thing the settlers grouped themselves together according to the State or locality whence they had emigrated. Medicine Creek was settled mainly by lUinoisans, Main Locust Creek, by Virginians, Tennesseeans and Ohioans, except that part subsequently dubbed "Hell's Kitchen," who were mainly Canadians. These early emigrants from the Queen's trans-Atlantic dominions, while nearly all related to each other, were most always in some kind of a quarrel among them- selves. John Baldridge, who already owned some land in the edge of what was called the "Kitchen," was about buying some more land of one of the parties, a Mr. Bowen, living within the limits of the enchanted ground, and in conversation with a friend with reference to this purchase, said that his motive for making it was " to break up Hell's Kitchen." The purchase was at length effected, and Mr. Bowen moved up into Putnam County. Mrs. Bowen had a sister named Mrs. McKee, and soon the report got spread about that Uncle John Baldridge had named Mrs. McKee's kitchen, " Hell's Kitchen," and one day as he was passing her 38 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. house, she hailed him with "Mr. Baldridge, I understand that you have been calling my kitchen, ' Hell's Kitchen,' what do you mean, sir?" " Oh no, madam," said Uncle John, " you have been misinformed; the devil's moved his cook stove higher up the areek." Not long afterward a guide board was set up in Putnam County, pointing southward, with this strange device roughly written on with tar: "Only six miles to Hell's Kitchen." The name has of course clung to the locality ever since, but it is as fertile a section as any, and its inhabitants are now as peaceful as any in the county. The Canadians have long since moved away. Bast and West Locust Creeks were settled mainly by Ken- tuckians and Tennesseeans, and Yellow ,Creek by Kentuckians. Among the early settlers on Yellow Creek was Robertson Morris, who has always been a great hunter, and a good farmer. Little East Creek was settled first by James Lee, from Kentucky. Mus- cle Pork and Spring Creek were at first settled chiefly from Ken- tucky and Illinois. Industries, Customs, Etc. — These early settlers of the county, although not much annoyed by the Indians, had yet plenty of hard- ships to encounter and difficulties to overcome. They were for the most part poor, and for years made but little progress in opening up their farms. As a natural result they raised but little if any more of the cereals than enough to supply their own domestic needs. Then there were encountered difficulties about getting ground into meal or flour the little they raised. For some time the nearest mill was at Glasgow, Howard County, nearly seventy miles away. But in either 1840 or 1841 the Messrs. Hurlbut erected a mill on Main Locust Creek, in Linn County, about twenty-five miles dis- tant. This mill was kept running only about six months, in the year, but, nevertheless, it was a great convenience to the " High- landers," as the inhabitants of Highland County were then called. When this Linn County mill was not running, if they wanted bread they would either grind their corn by hand or grate it on a tin grater; but as this process was so laborious and slow, bread was generally dispensed with during the latter part of the summer months, and potatoes and squashes used as a substi- STATE OF MISSOUBI. 39 tute; and with these, together with fat Tenison, beef or pork, the early pioneers managed to get along very comfortably. Deer and wild turkeys were very abundant, and often furnished a hearty meal for many a poor man's family for years. Such necessary articles as coffee, sugar, tea, salt and iron were not to be obtained nearer than Glasgow or Brunswick, the latter place being not quite fifty miles south of the southern boundary line of Sullivan County. When it was possible therefore to do without any of these things none were used. Boots and shoes were seldom worn in warm weather. Cattle, sheep and hogs were very thrifty, but the numerous gangs of wolves were a serious obstacle in the way of successful sheep husbandry. Wild honey was abundant, and honey, bees- wax, peltries and tallow were the staple articles of export and trade. These in the main supplied the place of money, and in fact money was so scarce for many years that even the State and county revenue were largely paid in beeswax, peltries and tallow, which of course were taken at such prices that the expenses of shipment and sale would be covered. The usual clothing for men, women and children during the entire year was home-made linsey, colored to suit with the bark of the walnut or the oak. While speaking of the early crops it is proper to record the fact that the first crop of wheat raised in Sullivan County was by James Shipley, whose name has occurred on previous pages. As the wheat ripened for harvest the old farmer began to look around for implements with which to cut it, but none could be found in all the region round about. But the old hero was not to be conquered, and so, not desiring to endanger his crop of corn by stopping a plow engaged in its cultivation, took his breakfast by early morning twilight and started on foot to Glasgow, bought two old fashioned sickles in that town, and returned home within three days. With these two sickles he harvested his virgin crop of wheat. How many men in "these degenerate days" would, in the heat of summer,'undertake on foot so formidable a journey ? After the necessity arose for grinding grain, Sullivan County was not to be long without a mill. The demand as usual soon 40 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. produced the supply. In 1842 Peter Groves built a mill on Main Locust Greek, which was for a long time known as " Groves' mill." This mill was located on Section 5, Township 63, Eange 20. The building was a frame one about 20x40 feet in size, and contained two run of buhrs, one for grinding wheat, the other for grinding corn, besides a saw for sawing logs. This was called a sash saw, and was capable of sawing about 1,000 feet of lumber per day. Each run of buhrs was capable of grinding' about five bushels per hour, but the water wheel, which was a tub wheel, could not propel both sets of stones at the same time, but either set could run at the same time with the saw. The next mill built in the county was by Samuel E. Fields, in 1843 or 1844, also on Main Locust Creek, but on Section 8, Township 61, Eange 20. It was very similar in its construction to Groves' mill, and soon after the building of Fields' mill, Charles Haley, father of Hon. Hampton W. Haley, built a mill on Medicine Creek, similar to the other two. These three mills were the only ones in existence in Sullivan County when Judge E. D. Morrison, to whom this history is largely indebted in many ways, came to Milan, September 1, 1845. Among the crops raised by the early settlers were some which were cultivated as an experiment. On Medicine Creek the Prathero Brothers, N. M. Hamrick and others cultivated hemp on a small scale, and although the yield was very fair the crop was not remunerative on account of the low price at which it had to be sold, caused by the remoteness of the market ; it was, there- fore, necessarily abandoned. On some of the other creeks tobacco was raised to a limited extent by a number of the early settlers, but, as in the case of hemp, the market was remote, and the price was consequently low. Still as it was a cash article it continued to be cultivated, and at length, in about 1844, J. W. Thomas, an old Virginian, built a small tobacco factory on West Locust Creek, which furnished a home market for the tobacco, and also furnished the chewer with an excellent article of the weed, which he did nor eschew by any means. Mr. Thomas was, however, carried away to California by the gold fever of 1849, and after- ward the manufacture of tobacco was carried on in the elm STATE OP MISSOURI. 41 woods, north of Milan, by Eobert Baldridge, Daniel Baldridge, Branson Jackson, William Jackson and William J. Talley, with considerable success, until the imposition of the internal revenue tax rendered the business unprofitable, and now but very few carry on the business, and they only to a limited extent. After the county was settled, it was soon found that corn, rye, wheat and oats yielded a good crop, as also peas, beans, Irish potatoes, cabbage, beets, parsley, turnips, squash and pumpkins. But little attention was paid to the tame grasses, as timothy, red top and clover, because of the superabundance of the native grass, which seemed as if it never could be exhausted. But later years have seen blue-grass forcing its way wherever rays of the sun can reach the ground, and timothy and both white and red clover are successfully cultivated. In the early days the creek bottoms were worthless for any- thing but pasture, and, as the creek banks were higher than the bottom lands, these bottom lands were overflowed in the spring, the water remaining most of the summer months. This over- flow produced malaria, and the malaria produced chills and bil- ious diseases generally. These effects were increased by the enforced drinking of water from the creeks; but since then the low lands have been much better drained. Good water is now plenty in cisterns and wells, and as a result Sullivan County has become one of the most healthy counties of the State. At the time of the organization of the county Paris Schrock had a tannery near where Scottsville now is, and Joseph Grim had one about two and a half miles west of Milan, on Main Locust Creek. In 1848, after the death of Joseph Grim, Solo- mon Grim was authorized by the county court to employ some one to finish off the leather then in tan, sell the same at private sale, and account for the same to the county court. Charles With- row, employed according to this authority, was appointed admin- istrator of Joseph Grim, finished off the leather then in tan, finally married the widow of Joseph Grim, and ran the tannery for a number of years. At the time of the organization of the county there was a public road from Linneus to Kirksville, passing through the 42 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. soutlieast corner of the county of Sullivan. There was also one running from Linneus up the dividing ridge, between Main and West Locust Creeks, to Groves' mill, since called the Henry mill. Another road extended from Groves' mill to Ely's mill (now Nineveh) in Adair County, and still another from John Montgomery's, on Main Locust, intersecting the Ely's mill road at John Baldridges'. These were then all the highways in the county. How they have increased in number, and how they have been improved, would occupy too much space to trace, but a glance at the map will tell the story. The first bridge in the county was erected across Main Locust Creek, on the State road from Milan to Linneus. Jacamiah Seaman was the commissioner and draftsman for this bridge, which is still called Seaman's bridge. The second bridge was erected across Main Locust Creek, at John Montgomery's, Will- iam Gose being the commissioner and draftsman. The third bridge was erected also across Main Locust Creek, at Fields' mill. All three of these bridges were built in 1849 and 1850 by John McCuUough, architect. Two of these bridges on Main Locust Creek were swept away by angry floods, and their places have been taken by iron bridges. The iron bridge at Field's mill cost 'about $1,700, in addition to the cost of the approaches. There is also a good iron bridge at Browning. Blaylock's, northwest of Milan, is an iron bridge, and there are numerous others in the county. Among the early physicians of the county were William Gose, Bazalle Hunt, and S. T. Haynes. The two former made no pre- tentions to a knowledge of medicine, and gracefully retired when competent physicians came into the county, but Dr. Haynes claimed to have received a college education. But this is doubt- ful, as it is generally believed that he could neither read nor write. Certain it is that when signing his name he invariably made his X. It has been stated that deer and wild turkeys were very abun- dant in early times. Some of the stories now told as to the ease and rapidity with which deer could be killed are illustrative of this abundance. "Bill" Daly started out after daylight one STATE or MISSOUKI. 43 morning, and by sunrise had killed five deer. At another time lie went out with his old ox hitched up to a sled with two tubs upon it, the ox selecting his own road and following "Bill" around. It was not long before he had killed five deer, and loaded them on the sled. Honey was also very plentiful. Abe Smith's father one fall found forty trees full of honey. Eobert W. Holland, son of Dr. Benjamin Holland, once went on a panther hunt. The panther for some time eluded his vision, but, all at once, while he was standing on the precipitous bank of a creek, the panther started out, as it were, from under his feet, and crossed over to the other side of the creek. This sudden appearance "para- lyzed" Holland, and he had but sufficient strength to turn and walk slowly away, without an attempt to shoot. Upon recovering himself sufficiently to realize his situation the panther was out of sight. Early marriages in the county were as follows: John Ship- ley and Mary Poison, in August, 1840; Jeremiah G. Smith and Mary Ann Sevier, February 11, 1841 ; Isaac Schrock and Char- lotte Burns, September 30, 1841; William Watson and Mahala Burns, December 24, 1841. The first marriage in the county after licenses were required was that of Norman Chapman to Miss W. Angeline Parker, June 27, 1881. The first birth was that of a child of Benjamin Tolson, about New Year's, 1840. This child died in April, 1840, at the age of about four months, and was buried in what is sometimes called the Schrock Ceme- tery, and was the first to be buried therein. The first sheep were brought into the county in 1842, from Monroe County. They were sold around to different farmers at from $2 to $3 per head. The only bears killed in Sullivan County, so far as can be learned, were by Joseph McKee in 1842 or 1843, and one by a party of hunters in 1844. In the first case Mr. McKee and William Harrington were out hunting, and treed a bear near where John Crumpacker lived, in Jackson Township. Mr. Crumpacker and his son, David H., were soon on the ground, and in a short time afterward Mr. McKee, with a shot from his rifle, brought the bear to the ground. In the second case, B. L. Lee, George Henry, Elias Hudnall, Alexander Woodlan and 44 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Samuel Eeed were out hunting in the southeastern part of Polk Township, on the farm now owned by "William Cummings. Their dog treed a bear and four cubs. The party immediately repaired to the scene, and although they had quite a tussle with Madam Bruin, she was finally shot by Mr. Woodlan, and proved to be very large. Morrison's Address. — With reference to the manners and customs of early times, and the characteristics of the early settlers, it would be difi&cult to do better than to introduce the substance of an address, delivered Wednesday, February 22, 1871, by Judge E. T>. Morrison, before the "Sullivan County Society of Gray Beards." He said: "It is fitting that we should com- memorate the quarter-centenary of the organization of our county, and it is eminently fitting that that commemoration should be on the anniversary of the birthday of him whom God decreed to be childless, that a whole people might call him father. The early settlers of our county were a set of hardy, honest, upright, indus- trious, liberty-loving people, of limited means, but possessed of independent, resolute and self-reliant spirit; ready to toil for support, who grubbed the forest, made their farms, and cultivated them with their own hands, and while doing so supported their families on the wild game, wild honey, roasting ears, squashes and potatoes ; abounding in hospitality ; ever ready to shelter the stranger, and divide with him of their frugal store, without money and without price. They were always ready on the shortest notice to go five or ten miles to assist the new comer to rear his log cabin, and instruct him in the art of steaming old corn, making meal on a tin grater, to plow corn in the night time, etc. Many were the inconveniences they suffered. Mails and post-offices were few and far between. For a long time only two copies each of two newspapers were taken in the county. The bottom lands were marshy, and dense fogs frequently obscured the rising and the setting sun. But one of the greatest of their inconveniences was the almost total lack of physicians and midwives, which compelled husbands to become the accouch- eurs of their own wives, and the washers and dressers of their newly born infants. STATE OF MISSOURI. 45 "But if they suffered numerous inconveniences, they also enjoyed many pleasiires, amusements and frolics. In the early spring there was the gathering at the snakes' den, and the killing of hundreds of serpents in a day; though they were without their Apollo minstrels, they had their rail maulings, their house raisings, and their quiltings; the latter closing in the evening with the soothing strains of the fiddle, and the social dance. Though there were no cornet bands, there were what was better, the barking of the dogs and the hunters' horns. The wolf chase was not one of the most important, nor one of the most unen- joyed amusements. It was rare fun to hunt, and profitable employment to slay the wolf. The hunter mounted on his unkempt steed, caparisoned with a saddle of wood and rein of rope, scaled the hills, scoured the plains, leaped the gulches, . still pursuing the robber of the folds, until at length the beast was overtaken and relentlessly slain with the wooden stirrup of the foremost horse. Then the welkin rang, and a furlough for the dogs was sounded by the horns. " The schools of the olden time were better than those of to- day. Although they gave to the young a limited, it was yet a practical education, useful and virtuous. Now we have become so philo-lutherian as to tax ourselves one-third our net earnings to build school-houses where certificated bipeds teach our children to become literary fools and theoretical humbugs, to carry our country to anarchy, and sink it under the pall of ignorance and knavery. " In the early day we were in the full vigor of aspiring man- hood, pressing onward with ardent hope and unfaltering faith, trusting that yet, while life lasted, we should acquire homes and wealth, and honors. Then, in our log cabins, by the light of our log fires or perchance by the more effulgent light of a tallow candle, we have reflected and calculated, and in imagination built our future castles, spread out our expanding farms, pur- chased gorgeous furniture, filled our coffers with gold, settled our children around us, and brought our grandchildren to our festive board, and with them lived over again our childhood days ; 46 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. but now in our old age, the cup of hope is dashed from our lips, our calculations are thwarted, our reflections are bewildered, and faith itself is obscured behind the clouds of disappointment, and the entire man is convulsed with a restless, nervous and fearful looking for we know not whaV ' Twas always thus ; the old look back over the past, firmly believ- ing that no such days as they have seen for honesty, friendship, sociability and prosperity will ever visit the world again. The young look forward with hope, and as firmly believe the gol- den age is yet to come. The Chariton Land District. — This was established in 1849, and the land office opened in Milan in the same year. The reg- isters of the office were Jacamiah Seaman, from 1849 to 1857, and E. D. Morrison, from 1857 to 1859; the receivers were Abner L. Gilstrap, from 1849 to 1853; W. Halliburton, from 1853 to 1857, and J. 0. Hutchison from 1857 to 1859, when the office was moved to Boonville, Mo. OEGANIZATION. Early Boundary of the County.- — In 1812, when Missouri Territory was organized, it contained but five counties: St. Charles, St. Louis, Ste. Genevieve, Cape Girardeau and New Madrid. In 1820, when Missouri was admitted into the Union, the number had increased to fifteen. The new counties organized between 1812 and 1820 were: Washington, in 1812; Howard, in 1816, and Jefferson, Franklin, Wayne, Lincoln, Madison, Mont- gomery, Pike and Cooper, in 1818. When Missouri became a State, what is now Sullivan County was a part of Howard County, organized as stated above in 1816: but this was previously a part of St. Charles County, organized probably in 1804 or 1805, though its territorial limits were again divided at the second session of the Territorial Legislature, lasting from December 6, 1813, to January 19, 1814. The county then embraced all the territory lying between the Mississippi and Missouri Eivers, ex- tending north indefinitely, and west to the Eocky Mountains. When Howard County was organized, January 13, 1816, it STATE OF MISSOURI. 47 included all that part of Missouri Territory north of the Osage River and west of Cedar Creek, and the dividing ridge between the Mississippi and Missouri Eivers. That portion of Howard County lying south of the Missouri Eiver was, in 1818, organ- ized into Cooper County. In 1820 Howard County was reduced to its present size. Out of a small portion of its former limits, Boone County was organized November 16, 1820, and on the same day, out of the territory still remaining, extending from Howard and Boone northward to the present State of Iowa, and westward with the Missouri Eiver to the western boundary of the State, were created the counties of Chariton and Eay, with the Grand Eiver as the dividing line. What is now Sullivan County became a part of Chariton, and so remained until January 6, 1837, when an act was approved organizing the counties of Livingston, Macon, Taney and Linn. According to this act the boundaries of Linn were as follows: Beginning at the southeast corner of Township 57, Range 18, west; thence west with same township line to the range line dividing Ranges 31 and 32; thence north with said range line to the township line dividing Townships 60 and 61; thence east with said township line to the range line dividing Ranges 17 and 18; thence south with said range line to the beginning. This county was in the act named Linn, in honor of the Hon. Lewis F. Linn, and Section 22 of this act provided that "all that portion of territory lying north of the county of Linn shall be attached to said county for all civil and military purposes, until otherwise provided for by law." Thus matters remained until the session of the Legislature of 1842 and 1843, when David Jenkins, a Whig member of the Legislature from Linn County, procured the passage of " An act to define the boundaries of Highland County," the boundary lines being the same as the present boundaries of Sullivan County. But as there was not sufficient population in Highland County to permit a full organization, that county continued to remain attached to Linn for all civil and military purposes. In 1844, by a State census, Highland County was found to contain population sufficient to permit a full organization. At the gen- eral election of that year, both the candidates for the Legislature were from Highland County. E. M. C. Morelock, the Democratic 48 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. candidate, being successful over Gabriel Jones, the Whig repre- sentative, Morelock, succeeded in having passed an act, which was approved February 14, 1845, organizing Sullivan County, with the following boundaries: Beginning at the northeast corner of Linn County, where it joins Adair County; thence with the line of Linn County west to the^ northwest corner of said Linn County; thence due north in the middle of Range 22, with the east line of Grundy County, to the line dividing Townships 64 and 65 to include all of Township 64; thence east with the line of Townships 64 and 65 to the line dividing Ranges 17 and 18, to include all of Range 18; thence due south with said line dividing Ranges 17 and 18 to the place of beginning. This county was named Sullivan in honor of Gen. Sullivan, of Revolutionary memory. The name "Highland" was dropped because it had originally been applied in derision, perhaps, of the pretensions of some of the early pioneers. On the same day upon which Sullivan County was organized, February 14, 1845, fifteen other counties were organized, and by the same act, the names of these other counties being Nodaway, Gentry, Lawrence, Harrison, Texas, Mississippi, Hickory, Dunk- lin, Mercer, Schuyler, Knox, Atchison, Oregon, Moniteau and Cedar. The forty -third section of this act provided that " James Lomax, of Grundy County, Jeremiah Phillips, of Linn County, and William Garritt, Sr., of Macon County, be and they are hereby appointed commissioners to select a permanent seat of justice for the county of Sullivan, and said commissioners shall meet at the house of Armstead Hill, on the first Monday (the 5th) in May next." Two weeks later, on February 28, Putnam County was organ- ized with its present southern, eastern and northern boundaries, but its western boundary was the line dividing Ranges 20 and 21; and as Mercer County's eastern boundary was an extension of the eastern boundary of Grundy County, a line extending north and south in the middle of Range 22, there was a tract of country between Putnam and Mercer Counties, reaching from Sullivan County to the Iowa State line, that was not included in any county. On the 15th of March, 1845, this territory, by an act of the Legislature approved that day, was attached to Sullivan County for civil and military purposes. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 49 May 4, 1846, this territory, on the petition to the Sullivan County Court of James Valentine and others, was erected into a new township called Eichland Township, and the election precinct was established at the house of S. E. Eeynolds. S. E. Eeynolds^ Aaron Stout and John B. Sanders were appointed judges of elec- tion in Eichland Township, and James Valentine, justice of the peace. The First Townships Formed. — Permitting the above anach- ronism to stand, the proceedings of the county court with reference to the division of Sullivan County proper into townships are here introduced. This division took place May 6, 1845. The original townships were six in number, and were named and bounded as follows: Liberty. — Commencing where the township line dividing Townships 62 and 63 intersects the county line on the west; thence east to Main Locust Creek; thence up said creek to the middle of Township 63; thence due east to East Locust Creek; thence north with said creek to the county line ; thence west with the county line to the northwest corner of the county ; thence south on the county line to the place of beginning. Pleasant Hill. — Commencing where Main Locust Creek crosses the south line of the county; thence east to the main divide between East Locust and Yellow Creeks; thence north with said divide to a point two miles north of the township line dividing Townships 61 and 62 ; thence west on the section line to the bridge road running on the divide between Main and East Locust Creeks ; thence south on the east side of said road to the Indian Grave; thence south on the west side of said road to the forks of the creek; thence down Main Locust to the beginning. Duncan. — Commencing where the ridge road on the divide between Main and East Locust Creeks crosses the township line dividing Townships 62 and 68; thence due west to the county line ; thence south and east with the county line to Main Locust Creek; thence up said creek to the mouth of East Locust Creek; thence north on the west side of the ridge road or divide between Main and East Locust Creeks, to the Indian Grave ; thence north on the east side of said road to the place of beginning. 50 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Polk. — Commencing at a point on Main Locust, two miles north of the township line dividing Townships 61 and 62 ; thence up said creek to the middle of Township 63, thence due east to the dividing ridge between East Locust and Yellow Creeks; thence down said divide to a point two miles north of the town- ship lines dividing Townships 61 and 62; thence west to the place of beginning. Morris- — Commencing at the southeast corner of the county; thence north on the county line to the township line dividing Townships 62 and 63; thence west to the main dividing ridge between Bast Locust and Yellow Creek; thence down said divide to the county line; thence east on the county line to the beginning. Vrooman — Commencing where the township line dividing Townships 62 and 63 crosses the east line of the county; thence north and west on the county line to East Locast Creek; thence down said creek to the middle of Township 63; thence east to the main divide between East Locust and Yellow Creek ; thence down said divide to the township line dividing Townships 62 and 63 ; thence east on said line to the beginning. Voting precincts were then established in each township as follows : In Liberty Township at West Locust Creek school-house ; Duncan, at the house of Isaac Schrock; Pleasent Hill, at the house of William W. Sevier; Polk, at the county seat; Vrooman, at the house of Jefferson Hunsicker ; Morris, at the house of Henry Smith. District and allotting justices were then appointed, one for each township as follows: Liberty Township, John L. Wood; Pleasant Hill, Jacamiah Seaman; Duncan, Eobert Burns; Polk, Esom Hannon ; Morris, Patrick Mclntyre ; Vrooman, David Vrqoman, appointed at the November term of the county court, 1845. The above, with Richmond Township, continued to be under the control of the county court of Sullivan County until December 28, 1846, when Eichmond Township and that portion of Putnam County lying west of the middle line of Eange 19 were erected into Dodge County, and attached to Putnam County, and by an act of the Legislature approved February 27, 1849, it was formed into a distinct and independent county.* * See history of Dodge County. STATE OF MISSOURI. 51 The act of February 17, 1843, defining the limits of Highland County, provided that the collector of Linn County should collect and pay into the treasury of Linn County all the county taxes of Highland County until Highland County should become fully organized, after which all the revenue collected in both counties should be paid into the treasury of Highland County. How this act came to be passed in this shape is probably not now known, but it was too good for Highland County to remain long in that shape, the error being corrected by an act approved March 24, 1845, which provided in Section 1, that " the county court of Linn County shall not be required nor compelled to pay over to Sullivan County the revenue directed to be paid over by Linn County to Highland County by an act entitled ' an act to define the boundaries of Highland County,' approved February 17, 1843." Settlement with Linn County. — Section 2 provided that " the county court of Linn County is hereby authorized and required to pay over to Sullivan County all the revenue which has been or may be collected by said county of Linn, within the territory of Sullivan County, since the 17th of February, 1843, after deduct- ing all expenses of assessing and collecting the same, and all the expenses arising from criminal prosecution originating within said territory of Sullivan, and all moneys which may have been expended by said county of Linn for internal improvement in said territory." Skc. 3. The county court of Sullivan County is authorized and required to draw on the treasurer of Linn County for all moneys, to be paid by said county of Linn to Sullivan County, under the provisions of this act. In pursuance of the provisions of this act, Sullivan County, from time to time, appointed commissioners to act jointly with similar commissioners to be appointed by Linn County, to audit the accounts and to procure whatever moneys might be due to Sulli- van County on such settlement; but for some time Linn County proved perverse, and nothing could be accomplished. At length the patience of Sullivan County being exhausted, suit was begun, perceiving which Linn yielded gracefully to the inevitable, and 52 HISTORY OF S0LLITAN COUNTY. came to terms. The commissioners of the two counties met and effected a settlement, which was embodied in the report of the commissioners of Sullivan County to their county court. It was dated March 4, 1851, and was as follows: LINN COUNTY IN ACCOUNT WITH SULLIVAN COUNTY. DB. Taxes assessed for 1843 $229 65 Taxes assessed for 1844 271 10 Licenses and permits 20 63 Delinquent list of 1848 1 78 Total $523 16 CONTBA. CB. Delinquent lists, 1843 and 1844 $60 88 Repaid taxes 100 Assessment expenses, 1843 and 1844 68 OO Collection " 31 2& Clerk's fees making tax books 7 00 Costs in State cases 174 50 Costs in inquests and scire facias , 24 00 Total $866 61 Balance due Sullivan County $156 55 The commissioners on the part of Sullivan County were Abner L. Gilstrap, Allen Grillespie and Eobert D. Morrison, and those on the part of Linn County were Edward Hoyle, T. T. Woodruff and Westley Halliburton. Appointment of Justices. — By Section 39 of the act of organ- ization, the Governor of the State was authorized and required to appoint in each of the counties named above as being organized February 14, 1845, except Mississippi and Mercer, three persons to act as justices of the county court, and one person to act as sheriff, to hold their offices until the next general election, and until their successors were duly elected and qualified. In accord- ance with this act, and in compliance with the wishes of the citizens of the county, expressed at an election held at the request of the Governor for the purpose of determining their preference, the following persons were appointed county justices for Sullivan County: William Doyle, Samuel Lewis and Patrick McQuown, and Enoch B. Morelock was aj^ointed sheriff. By the same act the county and circuit courts were required to appoint their own STATE OF MI880UEI. 53 clerks, and the county court, as above constituted, appointed as its clerk, Hiram T. Elmore. A. C. Carroll was appointed cor- oner. By an act approved March 26, 1845, justices of the peace and constables residing within the limits of Sullivan County, or ter- ritory attached thereto, were to hold their offices until the next general election. These justices were J. L. Wood, in Liberty; Jacamiah Seaman, in Pleasant Hill; Robert Burns, in Duncan; Esom Hannon, in Polk, and Patrick Mclntyre, in Morris. Selection of the Seat of Justice. — The commissioners named elsewhere to select the seat of justice for Sullivan County were to meet May 1, 1845, at the house of Armstead C. Hill, for that purpose. These commissioners examined and selected as the most suitable place fifty acres off the north end of the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Township 62, Range 20, belonging to Hiram Phillips, of Linn, and in accordance with this selection the county court purchased from Mr. Phillips this fifty acres so selected, paying therefor $250.* The -deed was approved by Judge Clark. The First Assessor. — According to the provisions of an act of the Legislature, approved March 10, 1845, " the assessor of the county of Linn (Pierson Tyre) elected on the first Monday (the 5th) of August, 1844, shall proceed to assess the taxable prop- erty and the inhabitants of the said county of Linn and the county of Sullivan for the year 1845, in the same manner as if the county of Sullivan had not been organized." He was to con- tinue in his office of assessor of Sullivan County until the expi- ration of the time for which he was elected, and the county court of Linn County, at its first term after the first Monday in August, 1845, was to appoint an assessor for the county of Linn. The other officers were James A. Clark, circuit judge ; Westley Halli- burton, circuit attorney, and E. M. C. Morelock, representative in the State Legislature. May 5, 1846, Esom Hannon was appointed commissioner for the seat of justice, and ordered to lay off the town of Milan on the fifty acres purchased for that purpose, in accordance with the plat of the town. *See the deed elaewhere in this history. 54 HISTOKY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Other Townships. — Taylor Townsliip was organized August 2, 1847, out of a part of Duncan, and its limits defined as follows; Commencing at the northwest corner of Duncan Township ; thence running east to the top of the main divide between West Locust, Medicine, Muddy and Parsons Creek; thence down said divide to the south line of the county; thence west and north with the county line to the beginning. The township was named in honor of President Zachary Taylor, June 29, 1852; the name of Vroo- man ToAvnship was changed to that of Penn Township; Jackson Township was created August 8, 1855; Bowman, Union and Buchanan Townships were formed September 14, 1858^ and Clay Township, February 8, 1860. On December 12, 1872, the county court divided the county into twelve townships, named as follows, and numbered on the assessor's books in the following order from 1 to 12: Morris, Union, Penn, Buchanan, Jackson, Polk, Pleasant Hill, Duncan, Taylor, Liberty, Bowman and Clay. JUDICIAEY. Following is a list of the county officers from the organization of the county to the present time: Sheriffs. — Enoch B. Morelock, appointed by the Governor in 1845, and served until Christmas week, 1847, when he was shot and killed by Patrick Mclntyre, justice of the peace in Morris Township. Great excitement was caused by this killing. Mc- lntyre was looked upon as an assassin and murderer, and was committed to jail without bail. He was indicted by the grand jury for murder in the first degree, but succeeded in obtaining a change of venue to Livingston County, where he was acquitted. Ten years later Mclntyre was himself killed by an assassin at his home on the Missouri Eiver, which was considered by many as a righteous retribution. Robert L. Williams was appointed elisor, January 3, 1848, to perform the duties of sheriff in place of Enoch B. Morelock, killed as above narrated. John Dennis was then elected in 1848 and re-elected in 1850. John J. Knifong was elected in 1852; STATE OF MISSOUKI. 55 Eobert L. Williams, in 1852 and 1854; Oliver H. Bennett, 1856 and 1858; Oliver P. Phillips, 1860 and 1862; Warren McOul- lough, 1864 and 1866; J. M. Stanley, 1868 and 1870; Hugh M. Cooper, 1872 and 1874; S. 6. Hutchison, 1876; N. J. Winters. 1878 and 1880; Charles C. Jones, 1882; Joseph D. Sevier, 1884, and Charles C. Jones again in 1886. Treasurers. — Up to 1852 this oflSlce was an appointive one, since then it has been elective. George Irvine was the first treas- urer, holding the office until February 2, 1846, when he resigned. R. D. Morrison was appointed February 4, 1846, and held the office until December 20, 1850, when he resigned. Thomas Lane was appointed the same day, and continued to hold the office, by election in 1852, and re-election in 1854, until 1856. The sub- sequent treasurers have been: E. L. Williams, elected in 1856 and 1858; G. D. Burgess, 1859; W. H. Watson, 1860; S. H. B. Cochrane, 1862; Solomon Poole, 1864 and 1866; James S. Gra- ham, 1868 and 1870; W. H. Craig, 1872 and 1874; Jefferson Swanger, 1876; D. H. Orumpacker, 1878,1880 and 1882; and S. C. Hutchison, 1884 and 1886. Assessors. — Pierson Tyre, while Sullivan was a part of Linn ; John Dennis, 1846 ; Eobert L. Williams, 1848 ; William Scott, 1850; Meshack Smith, 1852 and 1854. In 1856 the county was divided into three assessor's districts ; William Gose was assessor of the central district. In 1858 this arrangement was abandoned, and Jacob Newman became assessor for the county. F. H. Stur- gill, 1860; Owen Wilson, 1862; John A. Eiggin, 1864; J. G. Smith, 1866 and 1868; Owen Wilson, 1870 and 1872; township assessors, 1874; township organization repealed in 1877, and — Dorsey appointed assessor for the county by Judge Grigsby; Hiram A. Atkins, 1878 ; L. C. Wolf, 1880, but legislated out of his office by township organization being again adopted in 1880. County Court Clerks. — H. T. Elmore, 1845, resigned in 1849, and E. M. C. Morelock appointed to fill the vacancy until the next election, at which Allen Gillespie was elected, and again in 1852. H. T. McClanahan, 1858; J. Q. Boner, 1864 and 1870; James Morris, 1874 and 1878 ; N. J. Winters, 1882, and Eeuben Payne, 1886. 56 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Circuit Court Clerk was the same as the county court clerk until 1858, when Allen Gillespie was elected, and served until 1862, when he was removed because of his enlistment in the Con- federate service. H. T. McClanahan was appointed, and served until the election of 1864, when he was elected by a large major- ity. He was legislated out of office by the new constitution adopted in 1865, but was appointed to fill the vacancy, and served until November, 1866, when G.^ W. A. Preston was elected, and re-elected in 1870. H. T. McClanahan was then elected in 1874, and has served ever since. County School Commissioners. — The first was Gabriel Jones, and the second W. N. Holbrook. Then followed S. H. B. Coch- rane, elected in 1856 and 1858; J. C. Custer, H. J. Hinckley and Lucien Cover; H. M. Peterson was elected in 1878, J. C. Custer in 1880, D. M. Wilson in 1882, and G. A. Smith in 1884. Coroners. — William Orr in 1868; J. C. Kessinger, 1876; J. M. Todd, 1878, never qualified and Charles H. Downtain appointed; O. H. Ferrell was elected in 1880, but did not serve; Gilbert M. L. Morrison, appointed in his stead; H. J. Hinckley, elected in 1884; Jay Bradley in 1886, and failed to qualify, so that at present there is no coroner. Public Administrator. — James Beatty, 1872; Thaddeus Fer- tig, 1876. William H. Emberton, 1880; James McClaskey, 1884, present incumbent. Surveyors. — The first surveyor was Jephthah Wood, before the county was organized. He removed to Mercer County before the election in 1846. Since then the office has been held by Wilson Baldridge, George B. Henry, Lindley M. Baldridge; S. W. Mellor, elected in 1872; Lindley M. Baldridge, 1876; Martin Eiggins, 1880; Lindley M. Baldridge, present incumbent, 1884. Senatorial Districts. — In 1845 the Legislature divided the State into new senatorial districts. The Fifth comprised Sulli- van, Putnam, Grundy, Mercer, Harrison and Gentry. In 1849 another division was made, and the Tenth District was composed of Sullivan, Grundy, Putnam, Harrison and Mercer. In 1853 the Fourth District was made to contain Adair, Knox, Scotland, ' Schuyler, Putnam, Sullivan and Dodge. In 1857 the Eighth STATE OF MISSOUEI. 57 District was made to contain Sullivan, Linn, Putnam and Liv- ingston. In 1866 the Sixth District was made to contain Sulli- van, Linn, Putnam and Chariton, and finally, in 1881, the Sixth District was reduced to Sullivan, Chariton and Linn. Following is a list of the State Senators from the district of which Shillivan has formed a part, since 1846: Jewett Norria (Democrat), from Grundy County, 1846-50; John C. Griffed (Democrat), Grundy County, 1850-54; Thomas T. Eichardson (Democrat), Scotland County, 1854-56; John W. Minor (Demo- crat), Schuyler, 1856-57 ; Thomas T. Eichardson, 1857-58 ; West- ley Halliburton (Democrat), Sullivan, 1858-62; John McOul- lough (Eepublican), Sullivan, 1862-64; I. V. Pratt (Eepublican), Linn, 1864^66, elected to fill the unexpired term of Mr. McCul- lough, deceased; William A. Shelton (Eepublican), Putnam, 1866-70; L. Benecke (Eepublican), Chariton, 1870-74; E. F. Perkins (Democrat), Linn, 1874^78; Andrew Mackay (Demo- crat), Chariton, 1878-82; Westley Halliburton (Democrat), Sulli- van, 1882-86, and Andrew Mackay (Democrat), Chariton, 1886-90. The following is a list of the representatives from Sullivan County in the Missouri Legislature, with the date of their elec- tion: E. M. C. Morelock, 1846-48; Joel De Witt, 1850; Will- iam E. Smith, 1852-54; E. D. Morrison, 1856; Westley Halli- burton, 1857; G. D. Burgess, 1858; O. H. Bennett, 1860; James T. Dunlap, 1862; Ichabod Comstock, 1864; A. C. Eubanks, 1866; James S. Todd, 1868; A. C. Eubanks, 1870 and 1872; H. W. Haley, 1874; De L. Miller, 1876; W. H. Craig, 1878 and 1880; Joshua Gray, 1882; John H. Decker, 1884, and L M. Eoberts, 1886. Eleven of the above were Democrats, five Eepublicans and one Whig. When the State was first separated into congressional dis- trict^ Sullivan County was in the Fourth District. This was in 1846, previous to which time the people of the State elected congressmen at large. In 1853 Sullivan County was placed in the Third District; in 1862, in the Seventh; in 1872, in the Tenth, and in 1882, in the Second. While the county belonged in the Fourth District that district was represented in Congress 58 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. by W. P. Hall from 1846 to 1852, and then by Mordecai Oliver. James I. Lindley succeeded and served until the end of the XXXiy Congress. James S. Greene was elected in 1856; John B. Clark was elected in 1857 to fill the unexpired term of James S. Greene, and was re-elected in 1858 and 1860. In 1862 Mr. ■ Clark having joined the Confederacy was expelled from Congress, and William A. Hall, a brother of Willard P. Hall, was elected to fill the vacancy. The Seventh District was repre- sented by Benjamin F. Loan from 1862 to 1868, in which year Joel P. Asper was elected, who during the year 1864 had been colonel of the One Hundred and Seventy-first Ohio Eegiment of Infantry. Isaac C. Parker was elected in 1870. The Tenth District was represented by Ira B. Hyde, elected in 1872; E. A. DeBolt, elected in 1874; Henry M. Pollard, 1876; G. F. Eothwell, 1878, and J. H. Burrows, 1880. The Second Dis- trict has been represented by A. M. Alexander, elected in 1882; John B. Hale in 1884, and by Charles H. Mansur, elected in 1886. Willard P. Hall was elected while fighting in Mexico. His home was at St. Joseph. He was always a Democrat, a lawyer of ability, and a man of influence. Mordecai Oliver was a Whig, and was elected because of a split in the Democratic party. James I. Lindley was also a Whig, and was voted for by the Benton Democrats. His home was at Monticello. Since the war Mr. Lindley has been a Democrat. In 1856 the Democrats were determined to redeem the district, and to this end nominated James S. Greene, of Canton, who was universally admitted to be one of the most learned men of the State. Gen. John B. Clark, who was a Whig up to 1850, but who gradually dropped away from Whig principles, and became a Democrat, was nominated in 1857 to fill out the unexpired term of Mr. Greene, and was elected. Gen. Benjamin F. Loan, who followed William A. Hall, and served three consecutive terms, lived at St. Joseph ; Joseph F. Asper lived at Chillicothe ; Isaac C. Parker lived at St. Joseph ; Ira B. Hyde, at Princeton, Mercer County ; Mr. Pollard, at Chilli- cothe; E. A. De Bolt, at Trenton; G. F. Eothwell, at Moberly; J. H. Burrows, at Princeton; A. M. Alexander, at Paris; John B. Hale, at CarroUton, and Charles H. Mansur, at Chillicothe. STATE OF MISSOURI. 59 The Circuit Attorney. — Up to 1872 the prosecuting attorney was called the circuit attorney, and his circuit was the same as that of the judge. When the Eleventh Circuit was formed James A. Clark was appointed circuit attorney. Upon the death of Judge Birch Mr Clark was appointed circuit judge and Benja- min F. Stringfellow, of Chariton County, was appointed circuit attorney. Following is a complete list of the circuit and prose- cuting attorneys: James A. Clark, Linn County, 1837; Benjamin F. Stringfellow, Chariton, 1839 and 1840; Westley Hallibur- ton, Mason, 1844; Westley Halliburton, Linn, 1848; E. D. Morrison, Sullivan, 1851, to fill the vacancy caused by Mr. Halli- burton's resignation, and again in 1852; John C. Griffen, Grundy, 1856 and 1860; C. M. Might, Mercer, 1864; Fred Hyde, Put- nam, 1868; Daniel Metcalf, Grundy, 1872. In 1872 Putnam County was struck off the circuit, and Mr. Metcalf was appointed to serve the balance of the year. This year also the office of cir- cuit attorney was abolished, and that of a prosecuting atttorney established. Since then the prosecuting attorneys have been E. D. Morrison, 1872 and 1874; A. C. Eubanks, 1876; S. F. Lynn, 1878, 1880 and 1882; D. M. Wilson, 1884 and 1886. The County Court. — The county court commenced its first term May 5, 1845. Following is the first entry on the -records: "At a county court, began and held at the house"of A. C. Hill, the temporary seat of justice within and for Sullivan County, present William Doyle, Samuel Lewis and Patrick McQuown, county justices, H. T. Elmore, clerk, and B. B. Morelock, sheriff." William Doyle was chosen president of the court and Hiram T. Elmore clerk, when the court adjourned until the next day. May 6. Upon convening on this day, the first business trans- acted was to divide the county into six municipal townships, viz. : Liberty, Duncan, Pleasant Hill, Polk, Vrooman and Morris. Voting precincts were then established in each county as follows: In Liberty Township, at West Locust Creek school -house ; in Dun- can, at the house of Isaac Schrock; in Pleasant Hill, at the house of William W. Sevier; in Polk, at the county seat; in Vrooman, at the house of Jefferson Hunsicker; in Morris, at the house of Henry Smith. District and allotting justices were then appointed 60 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. one for each township, as follows: for Liberty, John L. Wood; Pleasant Hill, Jacamiah Seaman ; Duncan, Eobert Burns ; Polk, Esom Hannon; Morris, Patrick Mclntyre; Vrooman, . The boundaries of the townships were then established, and E. B. Morelock was appointed sheriff, pro tern., and George Irvine, treasurer. On May 7, H. T. Elmore was appointed agent to receive the road and canal fund due Sullivan County, and the three county justices were allowed each $6 for their services as such during that term of court, three days, and E. B. Morelock, sheriff, was allowed $450. At the next term, commencing May 28, 1845, Catharine Hargis was appointed guardian of her chil- dren, William, Elijah and Elisha, and a writ was issued to her for their persons. On May 29 merchants' licenses were fixed at the same rates as those granted by the State, and a petition of M. B. Witter and others for the removal of the county seat was rejected for want of proper form. An appeal term of this court was held June 25, 1845. No business was. transacted except to fix the county revenue at 100 per cent above the State revenue, and to pay the members of the court each $2 for the day's serv- ices, and the sheriff $1.50. The next regular term was held August 4, 1845, on which day overseers of roads were appointed as follows: For District No. 1, Anderson Millins ; District No. 2, Jeremiah Sharp ; Dis- trict No. 3, William Brooksher; District No. 4, Joseph W. Knif- ong; and District No. 5, Elijah Casteel. On August 5 Jefferson Hunsicker was appointed justice of the peace for Vrooman Town- ship; and on August 6 Pearson Tyre was allowed $56.50 for assessing the county of Sullivan for the year 1845. On Novem- ber 3, 1845, M. B. Witter was appointed attorney for the county of Sullivan. The next day Jacamiah Seaman and Hiram T. El- more were appointed agents for the county, to adjust and settle all accounts between Sullivan and Linn Counties, and to report at the next regular term of court. The clerk of Linn County was requested to send to Sullivan County " a copy of the roads as may appear from his docket, lying within the limits of Sullivan County;" and the petition of William Hargis, for the privilege of selling intoxicating liquors without license, was laid over until STATE OF MISSOUEI. 61 the next term of court. November 5 the collector made a settle- ment with the county as follows: Amount of receipts, resident tax book $344 25 Amount due from merchants' licenses 30 00 Total $364 35 Amount paid over 64 00 Leaving a balance of $300 35 On November 17, 1845, the last day the court was in session this year, Jeremiah Phillips was allowed $10 for Ij^is services as commissioner to select a site for the county seat of Sullivan County. February 2, 1846, the petition of William Hargis for the privilege of selling spirituous liquors without license was re- jected. The next day the court fixed the county levy on peddlers' licenses at the same rate as the State levy. George Irvine resigned as county treasurer, and was allowed $2 for his services, and on the 4th E. D. Morrison was appointed his successor. M. B. Witter was allowed $3 for his services as counsel for the court, and E. B. Morelock was allowed $21.92 for his services as sheriff up to that time. A special term of the court was held March 23, 1846, at the house of A. C. Hill, at which the report, with the title papers, of the commissioner to select a site for the seat of justice for Sulli- van County, as certified to the court by the clerk of the circuit •court, was received and placed on file. Court held in Milan. — August 3, 1846, the court met "in the town of Milan, the seat of justice for Sullivan County," for the first time, without making any reference to the house of A. C. Hill. On November 2 court met at the county seat; present, Patrick McQuown, Samuel Lewis and Joseph Kingo, county justices, the first time there had been any change in the county X30urt. District and allotting justices were appointed as follows: Duncan Township, William J. Hayden ; Richland Township, S. S. Reynolds; Polk Township, Joel Sturgill; Vrooman Township, Isaac Langley, and Pleasant Hill Township, Jacob Spencer. The first ^rand larceny case that is recorded was then dis- posed of by this court as follows: " It is ordered that the fee bill, 62 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. as certified to this court for payment, as ordered by the circuit judge and circuit attorney from the county of Linn, against John Henry, for grand larceny, wherein there was a change of venue from Sullivan County to the county of Linn, be allowed, and that warrants issue for the several persons therein entitled to the several demands." November 3, 1846, George W. Smith was granted the privi- lege of " dealing as a dramshop keeper in the new frame build- ing near the tpwn of Milan, the county seat of Sullivan County, by complying with the statute in such cases made and provided," and his license was fixed at $15 for six months. The next day Esom Hannon was allowed $3. 50 for costs incurred in advertising the sale of town lots, and A. C. Hill was allowed |20 for the use of his room to date. Ira Sears was appointed superintendent of public buildings for the county, and required to submit, at the next regular term of the court, a plan of a courthouse. Eight hundred dollars was then appropriated for the building of a court-house, which was ordered to be built in the center of the public square in the town of Milan. November 5 A. C. Hill was allowed $5 for laying out the lots in the town of Milan; K. D. Morrison was allowed $9.98; Johnson Basket, $3; Joseph Couch was allowed $2, for surveying; John C. Creed, $1.50; "William J. Tally, |3; Augustus Creed $1, and Wilson Baldridge $12.50, for his services as surveyor in laying off and platting the lots in the county seat. A road was laid off from A. C. Hill's spring to the town tract fifty^four feet wide, and Mr. Hill received in exchange a tract of one-half acre adjoining his portion. On this same day the sheriff, as collector, made a settlement with the court. Amount charged on the tax list, $484.78 ; amount due on licenses, $32.57; total $517.35, of which he paid in $298.73, leaving due the county, $218.62. On February 4, 1847, he made another settlement, deducting from the above balance the delin- quent list, $30.98; vouchers and money paid, $86.02; and com- missions, $6.01; leaving a balance due the county of $95.61, to which was added the amount due on dramshop licenses, $15.40, making $111.02 still due the county. On May 4, 1847, further settlement was made, adding to the $111.02 amount charged to S J'-- £\ '& SULUVAN COUNTY. STATE OF MISSOURI. 65 the license account $54.76, and deducting amount paid in, $153.62, leaving then due $12.16. These figures serve to show something of the extent of the county finances immediately after the organization, and may also serve as a basis for comparison with the present condition of the county funds. The First Court-house.— M-^j 3, 1847, the court authorized Esom Hannon to sell S. G. Watkins a half-acre lot in the north- west corner of Milan for $30.* The next day the court ordered a court-house built in the town of Milan on Lot No. 3, Block 5, and that payment for the said building be made in two equal installments, one-half to be paid on or before October 1, 1847, and the other half six months later, the building to be completed on or before October 1, 1847. September 27, 1847, it was ordered that the circuit and county courts be thereafter held in the court-house. This court-house, the first built in the county, was of hewn logs, one and one-half stories in height, and 20x24 feet in size. The lower story was all in one room. There were two rooms above, one for the grand jury, the other for the petit jury, the former being occupied by the county clerk when the grand jury was not in session, the petit jury room being occupied in a similar manner by the probate court. The building was erected by William Putnam, of Linn County, and was occupied as a court-house until 1858, when it was removed to the southwest corner of Main and Third Streets, where it now is used as a bar- ber shop. It will be observed that on November 3, 1846, the Court or- dered that the court-house be built on the public square, and that on May 4, 1847, it was ordered that the court-house be built on Lot 3, Block 5, where the building, erected under this order, now stands. The reason for this change was that originally it was designed to erect a brick court-house on the center of the pub- lic square, but it was found that to carry out this plan would require more money than the county could spare, and hence the log court-house was erected for temporary purposes, leaving the public square unoccupied until such time as the county could afford to erect a brick building. This was the case in 1858, when * See sale of lots in Milan. 5 68 HISTOKY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. the present two-story brick court-house was built in the public square at a cost of about $5,000. The First Jail. — The first jail erected in the county was in accordance with an order of the county court, made August 27, 1849, by which |700 was appropriated for the purpose. It stood on the southwest corner of Market and Second Streets, where now stands J. Buxton's store. It was completed about December 19, 1850; was built by Benjamin Frazer, and was a two-story structure, the lower story or dungeon being of stone, and partly below the surface of the ground; and the upper story of hewn logs, which was the common jail. It was 15x22 feet in size, and stood until 1859, when it was burned down by a runaway slave, who was being kept therein until his master should come and claim him, and who very narrowly escaped with his life. The county court, in November, 1848, was composed of Pat- rick McQuown, Samuel Lewis and William Gose, and so remained until the February term, 1850, when the justices were Patrick McQuown, William Gose and William N. Holbrook. At the beginning of the November term they were John L. Wood, Jeremiah Tharp and John Johnson. At the November term, 1854, they were Owen Wilson, John L. Wood and John J. Knifong. lAst of County Judges. — Following is a complete list of the county judges, together with the beginning and end of the term of each: William Doyle, 1845-46; Samuel Lewis, 1845-49; Patrick McQuown, 1845-50; Joseph Eingo, 1846-48; William Gose, 1848-50; WilUam N. Holbrook, 1849-50; John L. Wood, 1850-57; John Johnson, 1850-54; Jeremiah Tharp, 1850-54; Owen Wilson, 1854-57; John J. Knifong, 1854-58; Thomas Spencer, 1857-58; James T. Dunlap, 1857-60; Hugh M. Cooper, 1858-60; William B. Braden, 1858-60; William H. Emberton, 1860-66; William Watson^ 1862-66; William W. Davis, 1864-73; Thomas J. Johnson, 1866-70; James S. Todd, 1866-68; James Sterling, 1868-72; James Beatty, 1870-72; Hugh M. Cooper, 1872-73; E. H. Hartzler, 1872-73; Martin Eggleston, 1872-73; Sumner Boynton, 1873-76; Addison Payne, 1873-74; Ichabod Oomstook, 1873-74; Hampton W. Haley, 1873-74; STATE OF MISSOUBI. 67 David Whaley, 1873-74; S. M. Grigsby, 1876-78; Anderson W. Harris, 1878-86; Joshua Gray, 1878-80; Thomas McAllister, 1878-80; George T. Todd, 1880-82; Thomas Montgomery, 1880-82; Eeuben S. Taylor, 1882-86; Charles C. Jessee, 1882-84; Lewis P. Eeger, 1884-86; John C. Schnelle, 1886-90; John G. Eake, 1886-88; Mark B. Mairs, 1886-88. The only slaveholding court there has been in Sullivan County was from 1846 to 1848, when Samuel Lewis and Joseph Eingo were mem- bers of the court, they both being slave holders. The Circuit Court. — The Eleventh Judicial Circuit was created at the session of 1836-37, and was constituted of the counties of Chariton, Macon, Adair, Linn, Livingston and Grundy, and the territory of Sullivan and Putnam — these being attached to Linn. From that time to this Sullivan County has always been a part of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, which has, however, been reduced in size from time to time, the last change being made in 1872, when the circuit was made to consist of Sullivan, Grundy, Mercer, Linn and Chariton. The Judges. — When the circuit was formed in 1837, James Birch, of Carroll County, was appointed judge. He died in 1839, and James A. Clark, of Linneus, was appointed, and continued to preside until the winter of 1861, when, refusing to take the oath of loyalty, his office was vacated, and Jacob Smith, also of Lin- neus, was appointed by Gov. Gamble in February, 1862. In 1863 E. A. De Bolt, of Trenton, was elected, and re-elected in 1868. In 1874 G. D. Burgess was elected, and he was re-elected in 1880, and again in 1886. Judge Clark was always a Demo- crat. He was a man of marked ability, fine legal acumen, affable, social in disposition, and never permitted his politics to bias his judgment on the bench. Judge Smith died shortly after his retirement. Early in 1865 Linneus was raided by bushwhackers, and the judge was shot and killed. Judge DeBolt, after leav- ing the bench, served a term in the Lower House of Congress. Judge Burgess is now serving his third term as circuit judge, and the fact that he lives in a circuit which has a large majority against him, politically, tends to prove his non-partisanship as a judge, his ability and his popularity. 68 HISTOEY OP SULLIYAN COUNTY. The First Records. — The first entry on the records of the circuit court is as follows: At a circuit court begun and held at the house of Armstead C. Hill, within and for the county of Sullivan, on the 32d day of September, 1845, present the Hon. James A. Clark, judge; Hiram T. Elmore, clerk, and Enoch B. Morelock, sheriff. The sheriff upon the venire facias to him directed returns into court here a sufficient number of grand jurymen, and the following were sworn, to wit: John J. Knifong, foreman; John L. "Wood, Robert Baldridge, Samuel Bingham, Dan- iel Wilhite, Lewis Tyer, Isaac Keller, James Tunnell, William Bingham, Ira Sears, Benjamin Couch, Benjamin Tolson, E. K. Eaton, Isaac Winkle, Patrick Mclntyre and Henry Smith, who being charged by the court, retired to consult of their presentments. The first case on the records was that of "Hargis vs. Hargis, Appeal;" the entry being "Now at this day comes the defendant by her attorney into court, and by leave of the court files her motion to dismiss this appeal." The next entry with reference to this matter was in the case of Hardin Hargis vs. Catharine Hargis, wherein Hardin Hargis filed his motion to order the county court clerk to send for a transcript of the pro- ceedings of the case. Then follows another entry to the effect that the motion heretofore filed to dismiss the appeal came on to be heard, and by the court being fully understood, it was consid- ered that the motion be sustained. The trouble between Mr. and Mrs. Hargis was about their two children, of which the county court had made Mrs. Hargis guardian. A motion was then made by Westley Halliburton, Esq., and it was ordered by the court that the following gentlemen be enrolled as practicing attorneys in this court: Westley Halliburton, F. L. Willard, A. McKinney, George Meckinson, M. E. E. PuUum, James Carson, John B. Clark, Joseph Combs, William Y. Slack, Thomas N. Awbry, George H. Hubble, Moses H. Simonds and M. B. Witter. The First Indictments. — The grand jury then returned into court and the following indictment was endorsed a true bill: State of Missouri vs. H. Levin, for trading with the Indians. This case came to trial February 5, 1846, before the following jury; Jerry Todhunter, Lewis Gum, Jesse Gum, John W- Houghton, John Shipley, Stephen J. Baskett, Ambrose Wagers, Joseph Arthurs, Thomas Tolson, Andrew Bozarth, John Gum STATE OF MISSOUEI. 69 and Charles Todhunter, but when everything was ready for trial the circuit attorney said he did not wish to longer prose- cute this suit, and the prisoner was discharged and he was given a judgment for his costs. The first naturalization was that of Joseph Hoover, who declared his intention of becoming a citizen of the United States, and renounced allegiance to Switzerland, September 22, 1845, and was fully naturalized September 26, 1849. The next indictment of importance was brought at a special term of the circuit court held February 5, 1846, at the house of A. C. Hill, the temporary seat of justice of the county, by order of the judge for the trial of John B. Bichey and John Henry. The indictment was for grand larceny, and there were other indictments for the same crime against the same parties which was that of horse stealing. The jury in this case were Benjamin Tolson, Columbus J. Stone, Ira Sears, James Withers, Lawyer Drake, Francis Spencer, William Hulbert, Elijah Casteel, John T. Slate, James A. Hoffert, John Thurlow and John J. Kni- fong. Upon the completion of the trial the jury rendered a verdict of guilty, and assessed punishment at imprisonment in the penitentiary for three years. A number of prosecutions followed for trespassing on school lands, the fine in most cases being one cent and costs. At the September term, 1846, numerous parties were indicted for dealing in various kinds of goods without license, and at the April term, 1847, these cases were disposed of in various ways, mostly by nolle prosequi. October 29, 1847, the first ad quod damnum case appears on the records. John Mont- gomery desired to build a dam across Main Locust Creek. The inquest of the jury was returned into court, William Gose filed his objections thereto, and the case was continued to the next term of court, January 24, 1848 ; there being no sheriff, this court appointed William G. Porter elisor temporarily, and it was ordered that a venire facias for a jury be issued and directed to William G. Porter, returnable forthwith, and the elisor immedi- ately returned into court the venire facias with a suflB.cient num- ber of grand jurymen, and the following were sworn: John McClaskey, Bennett Maxy, Anderson MuUins, William Hurst, 70 HISTOBX OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Peter B. Thomas, Gabriel Jones, Thomas Donoho, Meakin Tay- lor, Daniel Wilhite, Benjamin Tolson, Keuben Wilhite, James Meakins, Eobert Glaze, John Montgomery, Merrit H. Case, Valentine 0. Smith, P. D. Towles and Washington Glaze. This grand jury returned into court an indictment for murder against Patrick Mclntyre, for the killing of Enoch B. Morelock, sheriff of the county, the circuit attorney filed his petition for a change of venue, and the petition was sustained, a change of venue being taken to Livingston County, with the result elsewhere stated. Notwithstanding that there were those in the county in early days, who from the necessities of the case practiced medicine without license, yet there were those among the people opposed to it, as the indictment of George W. Hoover for so doing, April 27, 1848, indicates. At the April term, 1849, however, this case was nolle prosequied. At this term seven indictments for gam- ing were brought, some of which were continued until the next term, and in others the defendant was fined $10 and costs. There were also those in the county who were as much opposed to a lawyer practicing without a license as a physician, as is shown by the indictment of M. B. Witter for that alleged viola- tion of law. This indictment was brought October 27, 1848, and was not finally disposed of until May 12, 1851. Mr. Witters plea was "not guilty," and he was found not guilty by the court. The State paid the costs. At this term was brought the first indictment for permitting a slave to sell spirituous liquors, and also the first for Sabbath breaking, as well as the first suit for divorce. This was by Jaoamiah Seaman vs. Catharine Seaman his wife, and was continued from term to term until April 12, 1853, when the divorce was granted. October 12, 1853, Dandridge Orumpacker filed a petition to erect a dam, and the court ordered that said petitioner be allowed to erect a dam across Main Locust Creek, of the altitude of ten feet, at a point 100 yards east of the west boundary, and about 300 yards north of the south boundary of the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 20, Township 64, Eange 20. Murder Trials. — Besides the murder trial of Patrick Mcln- tyre, already mentioned, the principal ones since have been those STATE OF MI8S0UEI. 71 of Isaac Webb and Mat. Smith, Jesse Peak and Andrew J. Hub- bard. Isaac Webb and Mat. Smith were indicted at the October term, 1878, for the killing of William D. Bigham on the 17th of August, 1878. They were tried for murder in the first degree, found guilty of murder in the second degree, and sentenced to the penitentiary- -Webb for twenty-five years and Smith for eleven years. Jesse Peak was indicted at the October term, 1881, for killing James E. Harbolt, having stabbed him in the neck Octo- ber 3, 1881, of which wound he died the same day. The indict- ment was for murder in the second degree ; the verdict was guilty, and the sentence was three years in the penitentiary. Andrew J. Hubbard was indicted for killing Eiley Kennedy, in 1884. He was tried by a jury, found guilty, and sentenced to the peni- tentiary for ten years. Important Civil Suits. — One of the most important civil suits ever brought in the circuit court in Sullivan County was that known as " Sullivan County vs. The Burlington & Southwestern Eailway Company." This suit was brought in the Sullivan County Circuit Court at the May term, 1883, to compel the rail- road company to pay its taxes, which it refused to pay, claiming that it purchased exemption from State and county taxes under a quit-claim deed from Elijah Smith, receiver, dated February 27, 1882. A brief explanation of the basis of this claim is as fol- lows: On the 22d of January, 1857, an act was approved incor- porating the St. Joseph & Iowa Eailroad Company. This act provided that this company should in all things be subject to the same restrictions, and be entitled to all the rights, privileges and immunities which were granted to the Hannibal & St. Joseph Eailroad Company by an act entitled " An act to incorporate the Hannibal & St. Joseph Eailroad Company," approved February 16, 1847, and also of the amendments to the charter of said com- pany, approved February 23, 1853, and March 3, 1855, so far as these amendments were applicable to the company created by the act, and not inconsistent with the charter, as completely as if the same were herein re-enacted. But under this charter there was no express immunity from taxation, neither was there in favor of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Company in the act approved Feb- 72 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. raary 16, 1847, nor in the amendments approTod February 23, 1853, and March 3, 1855, which were by the act incorporating the St. Joseph & Iowa Bailroad Company, made a part of its charter. But Section 4 of the act incorporating the Hannibal & St. Joseph Bailroad Company provided that said company should be in all things subject to the same restrictions, and entitled to all the privileges, rights and immunities which were granted to the Louisiana & Columbia Railroad Company, by an act passed at the session of the General Assembly in 1836-37, and approved January 27, 1837, so far as the same were applicable to the com- pany thereby created as fully and completely as if the same were therein re-enacted. The act to incorporate the Louisiana & Co- lumbia Railroad Company is too long for insertion here, but that part of the act to which especial interest attaches in this connec- tion is as follows: " Every person who shall cease to be a share- holder, shall also cease to be a member of said company, and the stock of said company shall be exempt from all State and county taxes." On the 5th of November, 1857, an act to amend the charter of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company was approved. Section 3 of which reads: "For the purpose of further enabling said company to construct, equip and operate said road, they are hereby authorized to pledge the said road rolling-stock, machin- ery, depots, depot houses, and any other property they may pos- sess, together with the franchise of said road." Upon this section rests the power assumed by the company to mortgage their road and convey immunity from taxation. A new constitution for the State was adopted July 4, 1865, which provided that " The General Assembly shall not pass special laws * * * * exempting any property of any named person or corporation from taxation," and on the 19th of March, 1866, an act was approved amending the act incorporating the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, by which, among other things, on account of the failure of a majority of the old board of directors to take the oath of loyalty, as required by the constitu- tion and laws of Missouri, a new board of directors was appointed, consisting of John Severance, Francis Rodman, P. A. Thompson, Josiah Coleman, Thornton Fakes, William Albin, Elwood Kirby STATE OF MISSOUBI. 73 and Henry Baker. This board of directors, on the 23d of May, 1871, made and executed a deed purporting to convey to the Burlington & Southwestern Railway Company all the rights, privileges, property and franchises of the St. Joseph & Iowa Eailroad Company. One of the conditions of this deed was the following. It Is further understood and agreed that if said party of the second part shall fail to build its railroad to the city of St. Joseph within a reasonable time for the proper accomplishment of such work, considering the magnitude of the undertaking, or shall abandon the enterprise in such event, they shall reconvey to said first party all of the property, rights and franchises hereby sold and con- veyed, or the same shall, on the failure to convey, revert to said first party, but no greater right shall revert or be conveyed than is conveyed by this instrument, and such reasonable time shall not be less than three years from the first day of July, A. D. 1871. August 1, 1871, the representative agents of Sullivan and Putnam Counties met at Milan, and at this meeting the name of the " Central North Missouri Branch of the St. Joseph & Iowa Bailroad Company" was changed to the " Linneus Branch of the Burlington & Southwestern Railway," and the two counties, through their agents, attempted to authorize the Burlington Company to execute a mortgage upon such branch. April 1, 1872, the Burlington Company made and executed a mortgage to the Farmer's Loan & Trust Company of New York, in which mortgage all the rights, privileges and franchises relating to the Linneus Branch were included. May 19, 1876, because of a decis- ion with reference to the payment of interest due on the bonds secured by the branch line mortgage, the circuit court of the United States for the Western District of Missouri entered a decree foreclosing the mortgage, and appointed Harry Lacey special master to sell the property in pursuance of the decree. As such master, Harry Lacey on the 30th of November, 1880, sold the Liuneus Branch to Elijah Smith, and made him a deed December 13, 1880. May 30, 1881, the Kansas City, St. Joseph & Burlington Railway Company organized and filed its articles of association, and on January 12, 1882, this railway company and the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway Company of Iowa were consolidated under the general laws of Missouri, under the name of the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway 74 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Company. February 27, 1882, Elijah Smith made a quit-claim deed of the Linneus Branch to the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway Company. A suit for taxes against this company was instituted in the circuit court of Putnam County, for county and other taxes, and a judgment recovered, from which the com- pany appealed to the supreme court of Missouri. This court affirmed the judgment of the circuit court of Putnam County, on the 17th of May, 1886. The decision of the supreme court of Missouri was based upon three distinct grounds: First — That the Linneus Branch was built under the branch act of 1868, and was subject to taxation, regardless of any exemptions which might have existed in favor of the parent company. Second — That the Legislature has the right to prescribe the terms upon which a foreign railroad company may come into this State, and as the Burlington Company could only acquire the right to purchase under the act of March 24, 1870, it became therefore subject to taxation. Third. — That the St. Joseph and Iowa Company had no. authority under its charter to sell its franchises; it was not authorized to pledge immunity from taxation, and such exemp- tion did not pass under the several judicial and other conveyances to the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Eailway Company. John P. Butler, of Milan, was attorney for the State. In the Sullivan County circuit court, a number of suits were brought against the railway company for delinquent taxes for the years 1881, 1882, 1883, and finally all the suits were con- solidated into one, and suit brought for such taxes as had not been paid from time to time by way of partial settlement, for the years 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884 and 1885. November 23, 1886, the plaintiff appeared by its attorney, John P. Butler, and the defendants by their attorneys, L. T. Hatfield and A. W. Mul- lins, and the court rendered its decision as follows: That the following sums and amounts are due from defendant to plaintiff, as State and county taxes : For 1881 — State taxes, $422.18 ; county taxes, 1527.72; interest on said sums from January 1, 1882, to November 20, 1886, at one per cent per month, $560.44, aggre- STATE OF MISSOUEI. 75 gating for 1881, $1,510.34. For 1882— State taxes, $408.26; county taxes, $340.23: township taxes, $168.44; interest from January 1, 1883, to November 20, 1886, $480.95. The judg- ments were similar for the years 1883, 1884 and 1885, the aggre- gate amount of taxes and interest for which judgment was rendered being $6,977.84. Judgment was also rendered against the company for $348.90, as penalty; $134.20, as costs; and $2,500 attorney's fees, for John P. Butler, and these sums were declared to be a first lien upon the railroad company's property. The company on the 20th of November paid under protest the $6,977.84, and the court stated that the company had paid in taxes in the aggregate $16,000. A Criminal Libel Case. — One of the most interesting crim- inal libel suits ever brought in the Sullivan County circuit court, was that of S. M. Grigsby vs. George W. Stille. In January or February, 1886, some boys playing behind the post-office found a number of copies of the National Tribune lying by the fence, about fifty feet away from the post-office. The Tribunes were in the wrappers as they came to the post-office, at Milan, addressed to several different parties, most of them members of the Grand Army Post. The boys, Clarence Smith and Ed Gems, carried the papers to their respective homes, and their fathers at once saw that something was wrong. The papers were addressed severally to David Moran, Bryan Cavanaugh, Eichard Johnson, John Crouse, George W. Clark, and others. Postmaster Grigsby being a Democrat, it was at once inferred by a portion of the community that he did not intend to permit the National Tribune to be delivered through his office to members of the Grand Army, and a good deal of excitement throughout the county was the natural result. In May, following, C. G. Epperson, the traveling correspondent of the Kansas City Journal, was in Milan, and, learning of the trouble, wrote an account of it to his paper, under date of May 21, which was published May 22, and copied into the Milan Republican on June 3. D. M. Wilson, prosecuting attorney for the county, informed the court that on the 3d day of June, 1886, one George M. Stille, one of the proprietors of, and the pub- 76 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. lisher, editor and business manager of the Milan Eepublican, did unlawfully, willfully and maliciously publish of and concerning one S. M. Grigsby, in said newspaper, the following false and libel- ous matter, to wit: quoting from Mr. Epperson's letter: Certain things have recently come to light which may lead to an investi- gation of postofBce afEairs at this place. Postmaster Grigsby seems to have stirred up a hornet's nest in the ranks of the Grand Army boys. Some time ago, in a spirited conversation which took place in the postofflce between him- self and a member of the Grand Army post at this place, he said: " No Grand Army man is a true Democrat." The person addressed was of course a Demo- crat, which fact led to the conversation referred to. The feeling existing between Postmaster Grigsby and the Grand Army boys f rew out of the finding of a package of mail, which had been thrown out back of the postofflce, and found there by some boys, who picked it up and were carrying it home, when met by some citizens of the place, who examined the package, and found it to contain a large number of copies of the National Tribune addressed to dif- ferent members of the Grand Army, who get their mail at this place. Which said false and slanderous matter and words were calculated to de- prive, and did deprive him, the said Grigsby, of public confidence and social in- tercourse, and were false and libelous, and were known to be so by said Stille, when by him published against the peace and dignity of the State. D. M. WrLSON. This information was filed by D. M. Wilson, on the affidavit of Postmaster Grigsby, setting forth the same in substance. George N. Stille was arrested on Wednesday, June 24, and gave bail for his appearance at the November term of the circuit court. The trial came on November 19, 1886, before the following jury: H. M. Cooper, foreman; Clayton Harmon, James Whittaker, James McCluskey, Ira Sipes, Samuel T. Banner, Beverly Bol- ing, Austin Moore, Elijah Chapman, B. F. West, Nathan Tipton and J. D. Robinson, who rendered the following verdict: "We, the, jury, find the defendant not guilty." The attorneys for the prosecution were D. M. Wilson, prosecuting attorney, assisted by John M. Swallow, and for the defense A. 0. Eubanks and W. F. Calfee. Murder of McReynolds. — The latest crime committed in the county was the murder, on September 5, 1887, of Frederick McEeynolds, near Green City. His body was found next day by William Gray and J. M. Webster, lying in his cornfield, with a bullet hole through his body, another in his right arm, and with the top of his head blown off. Jeremiah G. Smith, a justice of STATE OF MISSOURI. 77 the peace at Green City, summoned a jury composed of P. F. Terry, foreman ; W. C. Green, B. Dunlap, B. Hunsaker, William Rowland and Joseph Davidson. The verdict of this jury was as follows: "We, the undersigned jurors, empaneled and sworn on the 6th day of September, 1887, in the township of Penn, Sullivan Co., Mo., by J. G. Smith, a justice of the peace, and acting coroner, to diligently inquire and true presentment make how and by whom Frederick McEeynolds, whose body was found in his cornfield, on the 6th day of September, 1887, came to his death, having viewed the body and heard the evidence, do find that deceased came to his death by gunshot wounds, by a leaden ball being fired into his body from behind and his head blown to fragments by shot ; that the body was found by J. M. Webster and William Gray; that the deceased was killed where the body was found, through violence and malice, and we have good rea- son from the evidence to believe that deceased came to his death at the hands of Phillip Albright and his son Frank Albright. Given under our hands, this 7th day of September, 1887." The above verdict was signed by all the jury, and by J. G. Smith, acting coroner. After the above verdict was rendered the two persons upon whom suspicion rested were arrested, and held for trial before Judge G. D. Burgess, at the November term of the Sullivan County circuit court. Professional Character of Practitioners. — Judge James A. Clark, the first judge of the circuit court to preside in Sullivan County, was an eminent citizen and an upright judge. He was a man of good sense, ready mind and sound discretion. He had all those qualities which make a judge pleasant and accessible. He was especially the friend, of the young lawyer, and so well informed himself in the law that it was a pleasure to practice in his court. He was judge of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit about twenty-two years, and died in December, 1882, full of years and honors. Judge E. A. De Bolt, also one of the judges of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, was born January 20, 1828, near Lancaster, 78 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Ohio. Until lie was seventeen years old he resided with his parents upon a farm, during which time he acquired a common- school education. He was apprenticed to learn the tanner's trade. While following his trade he studied law at night, was admitted to the bar before the supreme court of Ohio, in 1856, and prac- ticed law two years in his native State. In 1858 he settled in Trenton, Mo., and devoted himself to his chosen profession in Grundy, Sullivan, Mercer and Putnam Counties, until the break- ing out of the Civil War, having been in the meantime appointed to the office of school commissioner of Grundy County, in 1859, and elected to that office in 1860. When the Eebellion broke out he was one of the first to raise his voice, and to aid in raising troops for the Union. He made a speech at the court-house, in Milan, in the latter part of April, 1861, in favor of the Govern- ment of the United States, and against secession, and soon there- after aided in raising the Twenty-third Regiment of Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and was captain of Company B of that regi- ment. He was taken prisoner at Shiloh, and in 1863 resigned as captain and was commissioned major of the Forty-fourth Mis- souri Infantry, serving until August, 1865, when he was mustered out. In 1863 he was elected judge of the Eleventh Judicial Cir- cuit and served by re-election until 1875. In 1874 he was elected to Congress, serving one term. Since then he has devoted him- self to the practice of law. As a speaker, either at the bar or on the stump. Judge De Bolt is fearless and independent in the defense of what he believes to be right, and in argument he is logical, forcible and clear, before the court or his countrymen. The following attorneys are practicing at the Sullivan County bar at the present time: John P. Butler, John M. Swallow, A. C. Eubanks, J. W. Childers, W. F. Calfee, Nathan Harty and D. M. Wilson. The Probate Court — From 1845 to 1849 the county court was also the probate court, and had jurisdiction over all matters of administration. March 12, 1849, an act was passed supplementary to and extending the provisions of an act establishing the probate court of Cooper County to Sullivan and other counties. This act STATE OF MISSOURI. 79 provided that the county court should order an election to be held in August, 1849, to determine whether the county would accept the provisions of the act, and also to elect a judge of probate; but the county court of Sullivan failed to receive notice of the passage of the act, and consequently failed to call an election for the above purposes at the specified time ; but they did submit the question to the people at the general election in August, 1850, and a majority voted to establish the court. The next Legislature legalized the election. By the act the judge of probate was to serve four years, and have full jurisdiction over estates. In 1857 an act was passed vacating the office of probate judge, providing for an election at the judicial election of that year, and lengthen- ing the term to six years. In 1866 an act was passed making the judge of probate ex officio judge of the county court, and limiting his term to four years. In 1874 an act was passed reducing the county court judges to one making him ex officio judge of probate and limiting his term to two years, and in 1877 another act was passed providing for a uniform system of probate courts throughout the State, and increasing the term of office to four years. This law is now in force. Following is a list of the probate judges of Sullivan County: S. G. Watkins, 1850 and 1854; C. M. Freeman, 1856 and 1857; E. S. Strahan, 1860; Philip W. Martin, 1863; William H. Bryant, 1863; G. D. Bur- gess, 1865; Thomas J. Johnson, 1866; James Beatty, 1870; Sumner Boynton, 1874; S. M. Grigsby, 1876 and 1878; E. D. Morrison, 1882 and 1886. GEOWTH AND DEYELOPMENT. The growth of the county in population and prosperity is exhibited by the following statistics. In 1840 no statistics are given anywhere for Sullivan County, as that was five years before its organization, though what is now Sullivan County contained probably about 200 inhabitants. In 1850 the population was 2,983— whites, 2,895; colored, 88. In 1860 the entire population was 9,108; whites, 9,095; colored, 103. This increase occurred while the land office was at Milan, and during these ten years most 80 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. of the land not entered by 1850 was entered and largely settled upon. In 1870 the entire population was 11,907 — whites, 11,865; colored, 42; and in 1880 the aggregate population was 16,569 — whites, 16,486; colored, 83. At this time the native population amounted to 16,198, and the foreign born, 371. General statistics for the county for 1870 are as follows: The true value of property was |4, 000, 000, while the assessed value was $2,325,895. The taxation was: State, |11,625; county, $22,138; town, |11,328; total, $45,095. The debt was then $1,000. The number of acres of improved land was 89,435 ; value of farms, $2,679,579; value of farm products, $1,271,731; value of live stock, 11,016,346; number of horses, 6,171; number of mules, 665; number of milch cows, 5,024; number of working oxen, 498; number of sheep, 25,369; number of swine, 17,770; bushels of spring wheat raised, 30,451; of winter wheat, 31,010; of rye, 15,820; Indian corn, 412,642; oats, 164,614; pounds of tobacco, 26,619; of wool, 70,094; of butter, 234,065; bushels of Irish potatoes, 38,754; of sweet potatoes, 621. The number of man- ufacturing establishments in 1870 was 39; of steam engines, 10; water wheels, 3; hands employed, 142 — males above sixteen, 135; females above fifteen, 1 ; youths, 6. The capital invested amounted to $69,100; wages to $19,161; value of materials, $167,620; value of product, $263,425. In 1880 the quantity of vegetable productions of the county was: Buckwheat, 906 bushels; Indian corn, 2,064,933; oats, 330,203; rye, 11,748; wheat, 50,933; hay, 41,392 tons ; Irish pota- toes, 54,539 bushels; sweet potatoes, 1,355; tobacco, 30,290 pounds ; value of orchard products, $25,904. Live stock — number of horses, 8,098; mules, 1,280; working oxen, 35; milch cows, 9,173 ; other cattle, [24, 545 ; sheep, 16,261 ; swine, 43,957 ; pounds of wool, 80,240 ; pounds of butter, 399,334 ; cheese, 3,226. Number of manufacturing establishments, 46 ; capital invested, $130,050 males employed above sixteen, 102; females above fifteen, 2 youths, 3; wages paid, $20,141 ; value of materials used, $173,775 product, $242,041. In 1859 the number of acres of land assessed was 384,980, at $903,382. The number of town lots was 367, assessed at $22,919. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 81 The number of slaves was 94, assessed at ^33,090, and all other personal property was valued at $325,271; total assessed valua- tion, $1,284,662. The amount of taxes for that year was: State tax, $8,115.32; State interest, $1,284.66; State lunatic asylum, $214.10; total, $4,614.08. For 1866 the abstract of assessment and taxation was as fol- lows: Number of acres of land assessed, 407,247, at $609,584; town lots' assessed value, $28,162; personal property, $255,947; bonds, notes, etc., $55,938; total assessed valuation, $949,630. Taxes— State tax, $4,968; county tax, $8,767; military tax, $7,088; court-house tax, $474; total taxes levied, $21,297. In 1870 the number of acres assessed was 409,457, at $1,584,- 847. The number of town lots was 497, assessed at $21,135, and all other personal property was valued at $715,248; total assessed valuation, $2,820,725. The taxes were: State tax, $5,814.78; State interest, $5,814.73; county tax, $11,649.47 ; total taxation, $23,278.93. In 1887 the number of acres of land assessed was 412,500, out of a total in the county of 414,720 ; valuation, $2,072,623 ; the num- ber of town lots was 1,852, assessed at $171,967 ; personal property, $1,568,196; railroad property, assessed value, $290,967 ; stocks of merchandise, $122,078; total assessed value, $4,225,880. The personal property in detail was as follows: Horses, 8,592, value, $837,849; mules, 1,310, value, $55,758; asses and jennets, 34, value, $2,690; neat cattle, 42,638, value, $599,919; sheep, 12,980, value, $11,753; hogs, 16,528, value $25,609; all other live stock, value, $2,674; money, notes, etc., $300,417; corporate companies, etc., $232,032; total personal property, as above, $1,568,196. It is generally conceded that real estate is assessed at about one-third its actual value, and personal property at about one-half its real value. Upon this basis, and classing merchants' goods as personal property, the real value of this species of property was in 1887, 13,380,548, and of real estate, including railroad property, $7,606,671; a total of $10,987,219. This estimate, however, omits the last railroad built, the Chicago Milwaukee & St. Paul, of which there is a trifle over twenty miles in Sullivan County, and if this railroad be valued at as 82 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. much per mile as the average of the other two the total value then would be 111,065,859. The several amounts and total amount of taxes for the year 1887 were: State tax, $17,046.67; county tax, $17,056.44; railroad interest tax, $10,676.34; township tax, $4,293.44; school tax, $17,540.58; total amount of money raised by tax $66,618.47. It is generally estimated that the county is divided into very nearly equal parts of farming lands and grass and timber lands, that farming lands are worth on the average $15 per acre, and that grass and timber lands are worth $10 per acre. Accord- ing to this estimate the latter class of lands would be worth $2,062,500, and the former, $3,098,750; a total land value, exclusive of town lots and railroad property, of $5,156,250. Gras^ land is in many instances more profitable to its owner than farming land, in part because of the excellent blue-grass pasture furnished everywhere in the county where this variety of grass can obtain a foothold, and in part because of the prim- itive and somewhat crude methods of cultivating the land and putting in the crops yet quite generally in vogue. Very little wheat is sown with the drill, and very little if any tile under- draining has as yet been done. POLITICAL AND MILITAEY. At the presidential election of 1848, when Gen. Lewis Cass was the Democratic candidate. Gen. Zachary Taylor, the Whig candidate, and Mi. Van Buren, the Free-Soil candidate, the latter was voted for by George Meckinson, attorney at law, and by him alone in Sullivan County. In connection with this fact, a writer of historical sketches in Sullivan County makes the fol- lowing comment: " Eadicalism came from Abolitionism, which itself came from Free-Soilism, which was generated by illicit intercourse between Church and State in Great Britain, who, having tested the prowess of her army with that of the American people, and having failed to accomplish her purpose, resorted to strategy and political seduction and division to attain what her army failed to accomplish; now let those in power pause and ponder. They are here warned that their policy must bring STATE OP MISSOUEI. 83 bankruptcy, and culminate in either Mexican anarchy or Rus- sian cossackism." This warning was uttered in 1883, while the Eepublican party was in power. It has been stated that the settlers in coming into the county arranged themselves to some extent in groups, according to the places whence they came. It was also somewhat so with regard to politics, either by accident or by design. The settlement on Medicine Creek was made principally by Whigs, while that on Yellow Creek was made principally by Democrats. Great interest in politics was taken in early times, and these early politicians would sometimes meet in Milan to discuss both the political issues and liquor issues of the day. The Prohibition party had not then sprung meteor-like into existence. The more freely did they partake of the liquor issues, the more earnestly did they discuss the issues of politics. These latter became more and more important in their eyes in proportion to the amount of liquor imbibed, and so earnest did they often become that it was impossible for either Whig or Democrat to convince the other of his errors in reasoning, or of the incorrect- ness of his opinions in any other way than by physical demon- strations, the arena for these demonstrations usually being the court-house yard. On one of these occasions Thomas Lane, in order to enliven and add interest to the process of hard reason- ing that was going on, began to sing the old song, — Let dogs delight to bark and bite, etc., but had only reached the end of the first verse, when some one very quickly convinced him that vocal music was not a desirable accom- paniment to the labored course of ratiocination then in progress. Mr. Lane's mouth was most effectually closed by a tremendous blow from the fist of one of the principal disputants, and he lay on the ground for a considerable time entirely unconscious of which side came off victorious. This was in 1844. The general result throughout the country is well known, but the result of the election in what is now Sullivan County can not be ascertained, but in Linn County, which then included Sullivan, there were cast for Henry Clay for President, 269 votes, and for James K. Polk, 494. At the presidential election of 1848, the first that oc- 84 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. curred after the organization of the county, the vote cast for Pres- ident was for Zachary Taylor, 154; for Lewis Cass, 250; and for Governor at the same election, EoUins, 154; King, 257. The Tenth Senatorial District was then composed of Grundy, Mercer, Harri- son, Putnam and Sullivan Counties, in which the total vote for Governor was forEoUins, 708 ; for King, 1,097. The population of Sullivan County, in 1850, was 2,983, and the vote for the Whig candidate, 120; for the Benton Democratic candidate, 35, and for the anti-Benton candidate, 293; a total vote of 448. In 1852 the vote for members of Congress was, for Oliver, Whig, 158 ; King, Benton Democrat, 76; Branch, anti-Benton, 195. Sullivan and Putnam were then a part of the Fourth Congressional District, which embraced a total of twenty-three counties, one of which was Dodge. The vote for president that year was for Winfield Scott, 127; and for Franklin Pierce, 277. In 1853 the State was redistricted, and Sullivan and Putnam Counties became parts of the Third Congressional District, which embraced eighteen counties. The vote for member of Congress in 1854, in Sullivan County, was, for Lindley, 225; for Fournoy, 326 ; the vote in the entire district for Lindley was 8,150, and for Fournoy, 7,386, while two years previous the vote for Scott for President was 4,871, and for Pierce, 5,878. In 1856 the vote for congressman was for Green, 480; for Lindley, 349; and in the entire Third District, Green received 10,126, and Lindley, 8,172. For Governor, Trusten Polk re- ceived in Sullivan County, 475 votes; Ewing 249, and Benton 98. For President, in 1856, Millard Fillmore received 260 votes, and James Buchanan 553. Trusten Polk, elected Gov- ernor in 1856, resigned the governorship to accept a seat in the United States Senate. In 1857 an election occurred to fill the vacancy in the office of Governor. Mr. EoUins was the American candidate, and Mr. Stewart the Democratic candidate. The former received in Sullivan County 205 votes, the latter, 483. The Emancipationists, then a growing party in Missouri, also supported Mr. EoUins, who was defeated in the State by a vote of 334. In 1858 John B. Clark was the Democratic candidate for Congress in the Third District, and was elected without opposition. STATE OF MISSOUKI. ■ 85 The vote cast can not be ascertained for any of the counties com- posing it. For State school superintendent, there were two can- didates, Provines, the American candidate, who received no votes in Sullivan County, and Starke, who received 981. In 1860 the presidential vote stood as follows : Lincoln, 83 ; Bell, 373 ; Breckin- ridge, 575; Douglas, 557; a total vote of 1,588. The population of the county at the time was 9,300, of whom 102 were slaves. At this same election the vote for congressman was for Hawkins, 412, for Clark, 737. The total vote for Hawkins in the Third District was 10,276, and for Clark, 14,822. In 1862 Sullivan County as well as Putnam was a part of the Seventh Congres- sional District, and when the election for member of Congress was held it resulted in 303 votes being cast for Branch, Inde- pendent, 116 for Loan, Emancipationist, and 503 for Bruce, Democrat. In the entire district, which was composed of fif- teen counties. Branch received 2,675 votes, Loan, 5,572, and Bruce, 4,554. War Politics. — Eeference to the statistics on politics, else- where in these pages, will show that in 1860, at the presidential election of that year, the Hon. John Bell received in Sullivan County 373 votes; the Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, 557; the Hon. John C. Breckinridge, 575 ; and the Hon. Abraham Lincoln, 83. From these figures it may readily be inferred that some months afterward, making due allowance for changes of opinion that must necessarily take place in times of such intense excitement as those co-existent with the beginning of the war, the people would naturally be about equally divided between the preserva- tion of the Union at all hazards, and the establishment of the Southern Confederacy. Such, in fact, is now stated to have been the case, but the Secessionists had the advantage over the Unionists in the beginning, having taken the precaution to buy up as much as possible of the ammunition, and as many as pos- sible of all varieties of arms, anywhere to be found. The Union men, for this reason, as a general thing, kept very quiet, seeking no occasion for a quarrel, or even a dispute, while the Secession- ists, although considered and considering themselves tempora- rily, at least, masters of the situation, were not intolerably over- 86 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. bearing, and gave very few, if any, any trouble. They amused themselves, however, with braggadocio, as to the number of Yankee soldiers each one could whip, and one gentleman, a Kev. Mr. Sears, having purchased a pair of boots at Mr. Canterbury's store, said, in a spirit of sarcasm, that now he had a pair of boots to run away in from the Yankee soldiers, when they came. Yet, while there was very generally an outward appearance of quiet, there was a strong and deep feeling on both sides, which, on the Union side, was for some time more generally suppressed than on the other, from prudential motives. The best informa- tion now leads to the belief that before the crucial test came, described in detail below, there were but few citizens of Milan sufficiently imprudent and courageous to give expression at any time, and at all times, to their devotion to the Union, and to their determination to sustain the Government in its struggle for ex- istence — these few men being O. P. Phillips, H. T. McClana- han, Thomas Lane, Solomon Poole, S. H. B. Cochrane, Joel De Witt, Jeff. Swanger, A. S. McDuff and others. Loyal and Disloyal Mass Meetings. — It was not long, however, before the outward aspect of things took on a decided change. Some time in January, 1861, those in favor of Missouri seceding from the Union with the rest of her sister slave States made preparations for a meeting to be held in Milan, on Monday, February 4, for the purpose of choosing delegates to the State convention, which was to convene at JelBferson City, February 28, by publishing notices in the newspapers, and by posting up handbills throughout the county, advertising the meeting, and inviting all to attend. For a week or so before the time ap- pointed for this meeting, a few of those opposed to its object were engaged in devising a plan for taking possession of it them- selves, and turning it from a Secession to a Union meeting. With this object in view the following named persons quietly con- vened on the Friday night, or Saturday night before, and agreed upon a series of resolutions to be presented to the Monday's meeting, after its conversion from its proposed object to a very opposite one. The individuals meeting on Friday or Saturday night were H. T. McClanahan, O. P. Phillips, Thomas Lane, STATE OF MISSOUBI. 87 S. H. B. Cochrane, James Beatty, James T. Dunlap, Ichabod Comstock, John McOullongh, Joel De Witt, Gabriel Jones and P. "W. Martin. On Monday the county court was in session in the court-house, and in the morning the people, both Unionists and Secessionists, assembled in the town, in the court-house, and in the court-house yard. At noon, when the court adjourned, a rush was made for the court-room upstairs in the courthouse, which was quickly filled. Oliver H. Bennett, then the county's representative in the Legislature, who had come home to enthuse the people with secessionism, was elected chairman of the meeting. Speeches were made strongly in favor of Missouri's joining her fortunes with the South by R. S. Strahan, now one of the supreme judges of Oregon, by Dr. E. F. Perkins and by John C Hutchinson. The burden of their speeches was .that now a tyrant, in the per- son of Abraham Lincoln, had been elected President of the United States, that under him the Southern people would lose all their rights, and that the only safety for Southern institutions lay in the establishment of a Southern Confederacy ; the rights guaranteed to them by the old constitution could be preserved in no other way. After the meeting had been in progress some time, H. T. McClanahan, who was standing in the back part of the crowded court-room, climbed upon a bench, and endeavored to obtain recognition from the chairman, Mr. Bennett. This, however, was no easy task, but he at length succeeded. He said he did not believe that the people of Sullivan County were in favor of the dis- solution of the Union, but that on the contrary, he believed that they, with himself, were in favor of sustaining the Government in any attempts it might find necessary to suppress the rebellion. As soon as his position was thus clearly placed before the meet- ing cries of " Go in. Hedge; I'm with you," came from all parts of the room, and he immediately called for a division of the house. " All those in favor of standing by the Union come to my side of the room ; those in favor of secession rally round Stra- han." At this signal a grand rush was made toward McClana- han, and a feeble rush toward Strahan ; and when the division 88 HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. was complete it was found that about two-thirds of those present were in favor of the Union. The Secessionists, finding them- selves in the minority, retired from the courtroom, and the Unionists then organized by electing James T. Dunlap, chairman. Speeches were then made in favor of sending Union delegates to the State convention by Mr. Dunlap, John McCuUough and H. T. McClanahan, and Col. Gabriel Jones, Benjamin Smith, O. P. Phillips, and Philip W. Martin were chosen delegates to the senatorial district convention to be held at Chillicothe, to nomi- nate delegates to the State convention. The delegates to the State convention chosen by the Chillicothe convention were Jacob Smith, of Linn County; A. M. Woolfolk, of Livingston County, and "William Jackson, of Putnam County. After the Union meeting had adjourned the Secessionists reas- sembled, and put in nominatipn R. F. Canterbury, of Milan, Cummings G. Fields, of Bucklin, Linn County, and — Katcliffe, of Chillicothe, as their delegates to the State convention, and at the election, which occurred almost immediately afterward, Smith, Woolfolk and Jackson carried the county by large majorities; after which there was never any doubt as to where Sullivan County stood in the great contest which finally decided the fate of both slavery and the Union. Terrorizing. — An incident of the history of the war in this county, illustrative of the feeling which existed between the two classes of citizens, may be here inserted. A certain secession sympathizer, who afterward, however, became a captain in the Union army, told S. H. B. Cochrane that a number of secession- ists had made up their minds to put him and O. P. Phillips, John McCuUough and H. T. McClanahan out of the way, unless they should change their course with reference to the war then in prog- ress. They were talking altogether too freely, and exercising too much influence on the Union side. Mr. Cochrane replied to his well-meaning friend that unless those secession friends of his sent word to him within a week, through his informant, that they had abandoned their design of putting him, Phillips, MoCul- lough and McClanahan out of the way, he would have 200 good Union men organized as a guard to loyal men in the county, and STATE OP MISSOUEI. 89 would have them quartered on and fed by the Secessionists. A few days afterward Mr. Cochrane was informed that the design had been abandoned. The Mass Meeting of June, 1861. — A grand mass meeting in Sullivan County was held June 29, 1861, without regard to party, to give an expression of sentiment concerning the lamentable con- dition of the State. About 1,500 persons were in attend- ance, and at 11 o'clock the meeting was called to order. Col. Gabriel Jones was called to the chair, and B. F. Smith was elected secretary. On motion the chair appointed a committee of twelve, one from each township in the county, to draft resolutions expres- sive of the sense of the meeting. During the preparation of thp resolutions by this committee. Judges Shanklin and De Bolt, of Trenton, Mo., Hons. 'Jacob Smith and A. M. Woolfolk, mem- bers of the State convention, and A. W. MuUins, Esq., addressed those assembled in appropriate and eloquent speeches of some five hours. Their sentiments were received with universal approbation and unbounded enthusiasm. At the close of the speeches the committee submitted the following report, which, being read, was unanimously adopted: Whereas, The Government of the United States is one of liberty, justice, and right, as is plainly laid down by the authors of its existence in a written constitution under which we have been blessed with peace, quiet and happiness almost uninterrupted for a period of nearly eighty years, we, as loyal patriots, will, to the best of our ability and judgment, defend, maintain, and per- petuate it, and will hold all those that engage in its overthrow as tyrants or traitors. Therefore, 6e it Beaohed, First — That the evil times and the unprecedented distress of the American people are the result of what is called "Secession." Second — That we recognize in the action of those at present constituting our State government a total disregard of the will of the people, a blind and desperate fanaticism, and an apparent determination to plunge this State into rebellion, regardless of the consequences to the State, as well as against the known will of the people. Therefore, as a last resort, and as the only alternative left the people in this trying crisis in the afiairs of our State, we earnestly recommend that the convention of the State be speedily assembled, and that the constitution of the State be so changed as to make vacant the executive and legislative offices, and that an election be ordered to fill each vacancy at the earliest period consistent with the public welfare; and, further, that we pledge ourselves to use our best exertions to sustain the convention in such action, and also to sustain the constitutional authority of the United States within the State of Missouri. 90 HISTOEY OF SULLIYAN COUNTY. Third — That we heartily endorse the proceedings of our State convention, and that we have an abiding confidence in the patriotism and integrity of our delegates to the same. Fourth — That the Missouri Bepublican, St. Louis Evening News, and all other papers favoring the cause of our common country be requested to publish the above. Gabeibl Jones, Glmirman. B. F. SMITHi Military Record. — Troops Furnished. — In 1861 Gov. Gam- ble made an arrangement with President Lincoln by which Mis- souri was to raise ten regiments of militia, which were to be known as Missouri State Militia, to be fed, clothed, and paid by the United States Government, and yet not be subject to military duty outside of the State. The First Regiment — Company C, of the First Regiment,. Missouri State Militia, was raised in Sullivan County. Of this company Oliver P. Phillips was commissioned captain February 24, 1862, to rank from January 4, 1862, and resigned August 20, 1862; Andrew Jackson was commissioned captain October 13, 1862. First lieutenant, John Creek, commissioned February 24, 1862, to rank from January 4, 1862, dismissed October 8, 1863; James E. Couch, commissioned November 4, 1863. Sec- ond lieutenant, James E. Couch, commissioned February 24, 1862, to rank from January 4, 1862, promoted; Joseph B. Dud- ley, commissioned November 4, 1863, to rank from October 27, 1863. Charles McClanahan was orderly sergeant of this com- pany during the time of its service. About one-fourth of the members of Company K, of this reg- iment, were from Sullivan County, The Second Regiment. — Company G, of the Second Regiment Missouri State Militia, was raised in Sullivan County. Its ofl&- cers were: Captain, William S. Hathaway, commissioned April 8, 1862, mustered out of service October 1, 1862; Josephus Bob- bins, commissioned March 31, 1862, promoted to major June 20, 1863. First lieutenant, Henry A. Silsby, commissioned April 8, 1862, resigned July 14, 1862 ; T. D. Compton, commissioned July 26, 1862, mustered out of service October 1, 1862; Alexan- der McFarlane, commissioned December 31, 1862, mustered out of service December 31, 1862 ; Joel C. Hill, commissioned Feb- STATE OF MISSOUEI. 91 riiary 3, 1863. Second lieutenant, T. D. Compton, commissioned April 8, 1862, promoted to first lieutenant July 26, 1862 ; George Hanslow, commissioned July 26, 1862, mustered out of service October 1, 1862; Joel C. Hill, commissioned December 31, 1862, promoted to first lieutenant January 1, 1863; James Walker, commissioned February 5, 1863. The Eighteenth Regiment. — Company E, of the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteers, was raised in Sullivan County. Its officers were: Captain, Jacob L. Clart, commissioned March 10, 1862, died of wounds received at the battle of Shiloh in May, 1862; Elwood M. Miller, commissioned December 4, 1862, promoted to colonel and aid-de-camp, Governor's staff; Henry Eennells, com- missioned February 8, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865. First lieutenant, Jacob R. Ault, not commissioned, promoted to cap- tain of Company G; Edward S. Donelly, commissioned March 10, 1862, promoted to captain of company December 4, 1862; Kenton F. Bremun, commissioned December 4, 1862, promoted captain of Company H August 15, 1864; Thomas W. Hatfield, commissioned August 15, 1864, promoted captain of Company B June 12, 1865; James R. Wilson, commissioned June 12, 1865, mustered out July 18, 1865. Second lieutenant, Elihu F. Springer, not commissioned, transferred to Company F ; John R. McAfee, March 10, 1862, promoted to first lieutenant of Com- pany I December 4, 1862 ; Abijah Everest, commissioned Decem- ber 4, 1862, promoted first lieutenant of Company I July 23, 1864; Henry Rennells, commissioned July 23, 1864, promoted captain of Company E February 4, 1865 ; John Abrigg, commis- sioned February 4, 1865, promoted first lieutenant of Company B June 12, 1865; Charles Graborch, commissioned June 12, 1865, mustered out July 18, 1865. A portion of Company F, of this regiment, was raised in Sul- livan County. William Brantner was its captain from June 12, 1865, to July 18, 1865. The Twenty-third Regiment. — The Twenty-third Regiment of Infantry was raised to a considerable extent in Sullivan County. It was officered as follows : Jacob T. Tindall, of Grundy County, colonel ; commissioned January 17, 1862 ; to rank from December 92 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. 1, 1861.' Col. Tindall was killed in the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862, and William P. Robinson was commissioned colonel June 7, 1862, and mustered out at the expiration of his term of service, September 2, 1864. Jacob Smith acted a short time as lieutenant-colonel, but was never commissioned. Quin Morton was commissioned lieutenant-colonel January 25, 1862, and was mustered out at the expiration of his tei:m of service, January 17, 1865. John McCuUough was commissioned major January 25, 1862, and died at RoUa, Mo., October 7, 1863. Jacob A. Trumbo was commissioned major October 13, 1863, and was mustered out of service at the expiration of his term, Sep- tember 22, 1864. Stephen Peery was commissioned adjutant January 25, 1862, and resigned March 1, 1862. J. P. Martin was commissioned adjutant March 28, 1862, and resigned April 24. George W. Easley was commissioned May 14, 1862, and dismissed August 21, 1863. Leopold Biddle was commissioned September 8, 1863, and resigned September 23, 1864. Thomas F. Easley was commissioned quartermaster January 25, 1862, and resigned March 4, 1863. Richard 0. Rynex was commis- sioned April 29, 1863, and was mustered out January 17, 1865. John B. Ralph was commissioned surgeon January 25, 1862, and resigned March 31. Theodore J. Bluthardt was commissioned April 4, 1862, and resigned January 10, 1864. Howard A. Cooper was commissioned February 26, 1864, and mustered out September 22, 1864. William T. Ellegood was commissioned assistant surgeon January 25, 1862, and resigned March 10, 1863. Edward L. Atkinson was commissioned February 16, 1863, and mustered out July 18, 1865. James F. Ralls was commissioned October 29, 1863, and mustered out September 22, 1864. James M. Oyler was commissioned chaplain February 1, 1862, and died at St. Louis January 6, 1863. Alfred N. Case was commissioned June 5, 1863, and resigned September 26, 1864. Recruiting for this regiment commenced as early as July, 1861, under the direction of Jacob T. Tindall and Judge Jacob Smith, of Linn County. Originally there was little prospect of success. The men who enlisted in this regiment were principally STATE OF MIS80UEI. 93 farmers, who owned the land upon which they lived, and many of them when they enlisted left their families without protec- tion, in neighborhoods infested with bands of the worst rebels in the State. In August Jacob T. Tindall obtained authority from Maj.-Gen. Fremont to raise a regiment of volunteers, soon after which he rendezvoused all the men who had been recruited for his regiment at an encampment near Brookfield. By Septem- ber 1 he had men enough to form seven companies, with which on that day he was ordered to Benton Barracks, where his com- mand was mustered into the United States service, clothed, armed and equipped, and put on duty in St. Louis, where they remained until October 15, 1861. Col. Tindall was ordered to go to Macon City, where the regiment remained until November 1 ; thence the regiment went to Chillicothe, where it remained during the following winter, being completed by the addition of recruits by December 31, 1861. During this time the service performed by it was the protection of property of Union men, and the preser- vation of peace in the surrounding counties, and it was also very useful in driving out many returned rebels, who were banded together, and who were recruiting for the rebel army. In March, 1862, Col. Tindall was ordered with his regiment to St. Louis, where the men were reclothed, and where the Aus- trian rifle with which they were armed was exchanged for the Springfield rifle. April 1, 1862, they started for Pittsburg Landing, where they arrived on the 4th. Col. Tindall was ordered by Gen. Grant to report to Gen. Prentiss. On the morn- ing of the 6th the regiment, under command of Lieut. -Col. Quinn Morton, started out to join the Sixth Division, supposed to be about three miles from the Landing. About two miles out they met large numbers of stragglers from the Eighteenth and Twen- ty-fifth Missouri Infantry coming toward the Landing in great disorder, who, upon being questioned as to the cause, stated that their regiments had been cut to pieces. An officer of the staff of Gen. Prentiss about this time rode up, and ordered Lieut. -Col. Morton to prepare his regiment for action, and with an alacrity and cheerfulness seldom witnessed the regiment prepared to fight its first battle. This was about 9 o'clock in the morning. 94 HISTOET OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. The rebels opened fire upon them from a battery about 200 yards away, which was kept up without intermission about two hours, at the end of which time they were ordered to change their position in order to engage a large force of the enemy which was pressing upon the center. After a severe fight of some hours, and with serious loss, the enemy was repulsed at 2 P. M. Being out- flanked the regiment changed front, and assisted in repelling fre- quent charges of the enemy. Soon after 5 P. M. they were surrounded and fired upon from both front and rear. Amid a terrible shower of shot and shell they repulsed the enemy in the rear, and determined to reach the main army which had fallen back to the river, and in the effort to lead his broken forces back Col. Tindall fell, shot through the body, after having done his duty nobly through the day. About 6 P. M. the regiment was met by a large force of rebels, and compelled to surrender. Maj. McCul- lough is mentioned by Lieut-Col. Quinn Morton (from whose history of this regiment this sketch is in part condensed) as having displayed great coolness and bravery throughout the entire day. This engagement was a severe one for the Twenty-third. Capts. Dunlap, Eobinson and Brown, Adjt. Martin, and Lieuts. Munn and Simms were wounded, thirty private soldiers were killed, about 170 wounded, and 375 taken prisoners. After this battle of Shiloh the regiment was a part of the Fourteenth Army Corps. It participated in the battle of Mur- freesboro, most of the engagements in the Atlanta campaign, Sherman's march to the sea, and through the CaroHnas. With the exception of the recruits and veterans it was mustered out at the expiration of its term of service in January, 1865. The recruits and veterans were mustered out July 18, 1865, their services being then no longer needed. Company A was raised in part in Sullivan County. Its officers were as follows: Captain, James T. Dunlap, commissioned Janu- ary 25, 1862, resigned June 27, 1865 ; Lucien Eaton, commis- sioned July 2, 1863, resigned Special Order No. 204, Department of the Missouri ; T. C. MoNabb, commissioned August 20, 1864, mustered out September 22, 1864. First lieutenant, Ephraim L. Webb, commissioned January 25, 1862, resigned February 2, 1863 ; STATE OP MISSOURI. 95 "William O. Seaman, commissioned February 23, 1863, died of ■wounds received in action near Atlanta, July 81, 1864; James K. Oiles, commissioned August 20, 1864, mustered out September 22, 1864. Second lieutenant, William O. Seaman, commissioned January 25, 1862, promoted first lieutenant February 3, 1863; T. C. McNabb, commissioned February 23, 1863, promoted cap- tain, August 20, 1864. Company G, of the Twenty-third Regiment, was raised in this county. Its officers were : Captain, Watson E. Crandall, commis- sioned January 25, 1862, resigned August 27, 1864; William C. Chapman, commissioned October 6, 1864. First lieutenant, James S. Todd, commissioned January 25, 1862, mustered out at expira- tion of term, December 30, 1864. Second lieutenant, Webster McCuUough, commissioned January 25, 1862, mustered out at expiration of term, January 24, 1865. The casualties in the Twenty-third Eegiment were as follows ; Killed — officers, 2 ; men, 7 ; died of wounds — men, 5 ; died of dis- ease — officers, 4; men, 47; deserted — officers, 1; men 83; dis- charged for disability — men, 83; dismissed — officers, 1; resigned — officers 33 ; missing in action — men, 20 ; dropped from the rolls — men, 6 ; honorably discharged — officers, 33 ; men, 748. Company E, of the Forty-second Missouri Volunteers, was raised in Sullivan County. Its officers were: Captain, James F. Eodgers; first lieutanant, George J. Baird; second lieutenant, Charles F. McCully; all commissioned November 11, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865. Forty -fourth Regiment. — Company E, Forty-fourth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, was raised in the fall of 1864. Ephraim L. Webb was captain, James T. Dunlap, first lieutenant, and Dr. E. L. Webb, second lieutenant. Company I was also raised in Sullivan County. Anthony Muck was captain, Alfred Hig- gins first lieutenant for a short time, when he resigned, and was succeeded by Dennis Adams ; Daniel McDaniels was second lieu- tenant. Company L, of the Forty -fourth Regiment, was raised in Sullivan County. Its officers were : Captain, Anthony Muck, com- missioned September 14, 1864, mustered out August 15, 1865; first lieutenant, A. P. Higgins, commissioned September 14, 96 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. 1864, resigned November 4, 1864; Dennis Adams, commissioned November 17, 1864, mustered out August 15, 1865; second lieutenant, D. W. McDonald, commissioned September 14, 1864, mustered out August 15, 1865. The Forty-fourth Eegiment was mustered into the service of the United States at St. Joseph about September 1, 1864, and remained there nearly a week, when it was sent to Ealeigh, Mo., and was stationed there some six weeks, doing post duty ; thence it went to Paducah, Ky., where it remained three weeks, and from Paducah went to Nashville, and thence to Columbia, Tenn. The regiment was engaged in the battle of Franklin, where it lost heavily in killed, wounded and missing, the entire number being 149. It was not engaged in the battle of Nashville, being too much cut up in the battle. of Franfclin to be fit for duty at that time ; it then went to Eastport, Ala. ; thence to New Orleans and to Spanish Fort ; in the battle at the latter place suffering but little loss ; thence to Montgomery, Ala. ; and finally to St. Louis, where it ; was mustered out of service August 15, 1865. Sixty -sixth Begiment.— This regiment of Enrolled Missouri Militia was raised largely in Sullivan County, with the following officers: Oliver P. Phillips, colonel, commissioned October 17, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865; Samuel W. Mellor, lieutenant- colonel, commissioned December 1, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865; Hedgeman T. McClanahan, major, commissioned Decem- ber 12, 1863, vacated March 12, 1865; George S. Phillips, adju- tant, commissioned November 11, 1862, resigned October 21, 1863; M. B. Witter, quartermaster, commissioned November 11, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; Joel De Witt, surgeon, commis- sioned November 11, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company A was officered as follows: captain, Henry C. Cal fee, commissioned November 26, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; first lieutenant, Anthony Muck, commissioned November 26, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; second lieutenant, Alfred J. Hig- gins, commissioned November 26, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company B — Captain, Peter Setters, commissioned Angus 30, 1862, resigned June 1, 1864; Warren McOuUough, commis- •^ * . ..-\,. ',4' WILLIAM H. Emberton SULLIVAN COUNTY STATE 01" MISSOUBI. 99 sioned June 1, 1864, vacated Marcli 12, 1865 ; first lieutenant, Warren McCuUougli, commissioned August 30, 1862, promoted captain; second lieutenant, John Boner, commissioned August 30, 1862; Isaac Couch, commissioned January 15, 1865, vacated March 12, 1865. Company C — Captain, Dennis Adams ; first lieutenant, Lind- ley M. Baldridge; second lieutenant, Daniel W. McDonald; all commissioned November 10, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865, except Capt. Adams, whose commission was vacated by special order, in 1864. Company D — Captain, Victor Daze; first lieutenant, James M. Mills; second lieutenant, Jobe Dodson, all commissioned November 13, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company E — Captain, John W. Dearing, commissioned Sep- tember 3, 1862; E. L. Webb, commissioned June 24, 1864, vacated March 12, 1865. First lieutenant, James Sterling; second lieutenant, Henry W. MoCracken, both commissioned September 3, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company F — Captain, James K. Martin, commissioned Octo- ber 13, 1862, vacated by special order 1864; first lieutenant, Francis Langhead; second lieutenant, J. M. C. Green, both commissioned October 13, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company G — Captain, Johnson W. Jewett, commissioned October 28, 1862, resigned February 20, 1864, reissued by spe- cial order March 26, 1864; first lieutenant, Addison Payne; second lieutenant, Shelton Brown, both commissioned October 28, 1864, all vacated March 12, 1865. Company H — Captain, David Laf ever ; first lieutenant, Joseph Braden; second lieutenant, Lewis B. Springer, all commissioned November 26, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865. Company I — Captain, John W. Beck, commissioned January 21, 1863, vacated by Special Order No. 126, 1864; first lieutenant, Samuel Baker; second lieutenant, Dudley Page, both commis- sioned January 21, 1863, vacated March 12, 1865. Company K — Captain, B. F. Canterbury; first lieutenant, A. J. Triplett; both commissioned January 21, 1863, vacated March 100 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. 12, 1865; second lieutenant, G. Payne, commissioned January 21, 1863, vacated by Special Order No. 126, 1864. Company L — Captain, Henry D. Johnson; first lieutenant, Thomas D. Minnis; second lieutenant, John A. Smith. Incidents of the War. — From each company of the Sixty-sixth Begiment were detailed a few men for the purpose of forming a company to do general duty at the post at Milan. This company thus composed, consisting of about fifty men, and named Company G, was commanded by Capt. J. W. Jewett, who assumed com- mand of the post at Milan in March, 1863, and remained in com- mand until May, 1864. At this time, on account of some dissatis- faction on the part of a portion of the members of the Loyal League, Capt. Jewett was summoned by Gen. Fisk, command- ing the district of North Missouri, to report to him in person at his headquarters in St. Joseph. Here the captain was given his choice of joining the league or of being relieved, and upon refus- ing to join the league went back to his own place in the Sixty- sixth Militia. Capt. Dennis Adams then took command of the post at Milan, remaining in command only a short time, when he was succeeded by Capt. E. L. Webb, who remained in command until the fall of 1864, when he joined the Forty-fourth Missouri Volunteers, and was succeeded in command by Lieut. James Sterling. While the post was in command of Capt. Webb, a party of bushwhackers made a raid through the southern part of the county, and a portion of his company made pursuit but failed to come up with them, but on their return they arrested two men by the name of Joseph and Thomas Stephens, and were intending to take them to Milan. On the way to Milan, after passing Owasco, and when Capt. Webb was with most of his company some distance ahead of the guard with their prisoners, the prison- ers were shot in a reported attempt to escape. Their bodies were buried by the citizens in the vicinity. When O. P. Phillips was sheriff and ex-offioio collector of the county revenue, he was robbed by some rebel bushwhackers, in the neighborhood of Lindley, of about $800, and made to get down upon his knees and hurrah for Jeff Davis. Jerome Payne was afterward arrested by Capt. Lafever, who, with a company of men. STATE OP MISSOUBI. 101 was coming from the Hannibal & St. Joseph Eailroad, where they had been on duty, and who found Payne sitting by Eussell's well. Payne was turned over to Capt. Webb for trial for complicity in the crime of robbing Collector Phillips, but so far as can be learned was never tried. Some time afterward, however, he was taken about a mile north of Milan and hanged to a tree and his body left lying on the ground. Some days afterward, upon a threat of being reported, the captain detailed a small body of citizens to bury the corpse. While Lieut. Sterling was in command of the post at Milan, a party of bushwhackers was reported in the southern part of the county, and he took a portion of his command and made pursuit. Finding no enemy, they at length came to the house of William Calhoun, and asked him to guide them through the fields to a road on the other side of his meadow. The company started on with Calhoun and a few men, a portion of them citizens, in advance, and Lieut. Sterling and the rest of the company some distance in the rear; the latter body stopping for some time in a watermelon patch. While the company was separated Calhoun was shot by the men he was guiding, but the guilty party or parties were never identified and brought to trial. Some four or five years afterward, however, James Head, who was present, but who it is believed was not the person who did the shooting, was indicted. Before the day set for the trial, however, he accident- ally broke his leg, and soon afterward died. It was the design of a portion of those present at the time of the killing of Calhoun to also kill Hugh C. Warren, Sr., but Lieut. Sterling and some of his men becoming aware of this design managed in such a way for Mr. Warren that he made his esca[)e. One of the most atrocious murders ever committed in Sulli- van County was the killing of Daniel Mummy by a Mr. White. Daniel Mummy was a young man, and was killed in the public road near the house of John Ellers, who had been in the army of Gen. Price, and who was generally regarded as a very bad man, and as the murderer of Mummy. Near Ellers lived a family named Helms, and some of the children of this family, in passing the Ellers' residence, had received a very severe tongue lashing from 102 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Mrs. EUers, insomuch that they were afraid to return home. Daniel Mummy volunteered to accompany them' home, and when near EUers' house was attacked, according to some authorities, by White, who was courting one of EUers' daughters, and who, getting hold of Mummy's shotgun, shot him dead with a revolver. EUers and White carried Mummy's body down into a draw where it was afterward found. That night both left the country, EUers escaping into Iowa, where he was pursued and captured by Judge Beatty, Solomon Poole and James McOlaskey, who were bring- ing him back through Putnam County; upon reaching a point some distance south of Unionville, they were overtaken by a posse of citizens, their prisoner, EUers, taken away from them and hanged. Confederate Troops. — In September, 1861, Capt. George W. Sandusky, of Linn County, T^as engaged in raising a company of men for State service, under Gov. Claiborne Jackson's call. A company of men was encamped at Field's mill, in the southern part of Sullivan County, assembled for the purpose of ultimately joining the rebel service. Thomas H. Flood, now cashier of the Wheeler Savings Bank, at Brookfield, Mo., went to see them with the view of making arrangements for them to join Capt. San- dusky's company, and of trying to get them to Gen. Price's army, then approaching Lexington, Mo. There were from fifty to seventy -five volunteers, whose names so far as can be learned are as follows: Captain, Thomas H. Flood; first lieutenant, Samuel Baker; second lieutenant, Samuel Bose; first sergeant, John McKenzie; John C. Hutchinson, John Munsey, Joshua Weaver, Hardin Dilliner, Jacob Sturgill, George Bunch, James Bunch, John Bunch, Daniel Beek, John Vanderpool, Joseph Vain, Jacob Weaver, John Bauet, John B. Fields, Benjamin Fields, Perry Jacobs, William Browning, Isaac Kellar, Eobert Kellar, William P. Tyer, William Frazier, James Frazier, John Payne, Henry Hill and a Mr. Harris. The two companies, Capt. Sandusky's and Capt. Flood's, crossed the Hannibal & St. Joseph Eailroad, about three miles west of Laclede, and the Missouri Eiver at Brunswick, and joined Gen. Price's forces at Lexington, were mustered into service by Lieut. Col. Samuel Farrington, and STATE OF MISSOUEI. 103 attached to the Third Eegiment, Col. B. W. Price, Third Division, Gen. John B. Clark, Missouri State Guards. They participated in the battle of Lexington, and afterward went south with Gen. Price on his retreat from Lexington. Capt. Flood, on account of sickness, resigned his position in the company, and the command then devolved on Lieut. Samuel Baker. At the expiration of the term of enlistment in the spring of 1862, quite a number of the men enlisted in the regular Confederate service, under Capt. P. C. Flournoy, at present of Linneus, Mo., and surrendered with him at Fort Blakely; second lieutenant Samuel Boss was killed at Kenesaw, June 27, 1864; Daniel Kellar died of wounds received at Corinth, Miss., October 4, 1862, and a private soldier named Ozero Gose was killed at Elkhorn, Ark., March 6, 1862. Soldiers'' Beunion. — Intimately, though in time somewhat remotely connected with the war for the Union, was the reunion of the soldiers July 3, 4 and 5, 1884. By the newspapers at least it was denominated the greatest event in the history of the county of Sullivan. On Thursday, the 3d, the attendance was not large, but on Friday morning trains came in loaded with passengers, and the people assembled from all parts of the county. The pro- gram for the Fourth was as follows: Parade at 11 A. M. In this the Unionville band was at the head, and was followed by the several G. A. B. posts, cavalry, infantry, Select Knights, A. O. U. W., Milan ladies' band, Trenton band and citizens. The pro- cession moved from the fair grounds to the town and back to the grounds after noon. Prayer was offered by Bev. D. A. Wil- son ; A. C. Eubanks, president of the day, introduced Prof. G. G. Ferguson, the orator of the day, who delivered a fine oration. After this came the prize drill, and as the Brookfield Company was the only one present it easily won the prize, $75. On Saturday morning the uniformed company of Knights of Pythias arrived and para,ded with the Select Knights A. O. U. W. B. W. Northcott, of Linneus, delivered an address, as did also Capt. Brantner, of Greencastle, and Mrs. Rankin, of Kirks- ville, and the morning exercises closed with music by the band. In the afternoon occurred the grand sham battle between the Union and Confederate forces. The former were commanded by 104 HISTOKT OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Col. Presson, aided by Capt. Brantner, and the latter by CoL Grace and Capt. Hutchmson. Skirmishers were sent out by both sides, and a party of Federal foragers was captured by the Con- federates, but the latter were surprised by Capt. Graham, who was in command of a company of Union cavalry, and who- captured the Confederates with their prisoners. The Confederate commander then sent a strong force in pursuit of Capt. Graham,, the result being a general engagement ; Col. Presson then ordered his left to advance and capture the rebel cannon. About this time Capt. Hutchinson found his men to be out of ammunition, and a council of war was held; while this was going on the Federal army surrounded the entire rebel army, which being thus com- pletely overpowered by superior numbers agreed to an uncon- ditional surrender. Thus ended a three days' celebration of the Fourth of July at Milan, to the general satisfaction of those in attendance. Election Returns. — Election returns have already been given to and including 1862. In 1863 there was an election held for judge of the supreme court, in which Clover, the Radical candidate, received in Sullivan County 701 votes, and Bates, Conservative, 362. In 1864 the vote cast for president was, Lincoln, 1,074; McClellan, 52. No return appears to have been made on the constitutional convention; but that for congress- men was, Benjamin F. Loan (Eadical-Independent), 1,074; for H. B. Branch (Democrat), 84. The vote on the adoption of the new constitution in 1865 was, yes, 540 ; no, 140. For superin- tendent of public schools in 1866 Parker received 764 votes, and Williams, 254. In 1868, on the question of amending the constitution, striking out the word white, Sullivan County cast for the amendment 764 votes, and against it, 685. On congress- men, the vote stood for Col. Joel F. Asper (Republican), 889;; Mordecai Oliver (Democrat), 600. The entire Seventh District, of which Sullivan then formed apart, cast for Col. Asper 15,272, and for Mordecai Oliver 8,029. In 1870, for Congress, Isaac C. Parker (Republican) received 728 votes; John H. Ellis (Demo- crat), 775. In the entire district Mr. Parker received 11,714; Ellis, 10,723. In 1872 the following counties composed the Tenth STATE OF MISSOUEI. 105 Congressional District: Caldwell, Chariton, Daviess, Grundy- Harrison, Linn, Livingston, Mercer, Putnam and Sullivan. The vote in Sallivan County on member of Congress was: Charles H. Mansur (Democrat), 1,163; Ira B. Hyde (Eepublican), 1,117. In the entire district, Mansur, 12,318; Hyde, 13,953. In 1874 E. A. De Bolt was elected to Congress by a vote in the entire Tenth District of 11,727 to 11,510 for Ira B. Hyde; while in 1876 H. M. Pollard (Eepublican) was elected over Eezin A. De Bolt by a vote of 16,582 to 15,802. In 1878 H. M. Pollard (Eepublican) received in Sullivan County 1,378 votes; Gideon P. Eothwell (Democrat), 1,588, and E. J. Broaddus, 194. In theentire district Pollard received 10,875, and Eothwell, 14,703. In 1880, in Sullivan County, J. H. Burroughs C Eepublican) received 1,775 votes, and Charles H. Mansur (Democrat), 1,737, while in the entire district Burrough's vote was 17,284, and Mansur's, 17,219. This defeat of Mansur led the Legislature to re-district the State, at a special session held in May, 1882, by which re-districting the Second Congressional District was made to consist of Sullivan, Grundy, Livingston, Linn, Carroll, Chari- ton, Eandolph and Monroe; and in 1882, when the election came off, A. M, Alexander (Democrat) received in Sullivan County 1,747 votes; D. B. Dorsey (Eepublican) 1,510, and William Quayle, 190. In the entire district Alexander's vote was 19,033; Dorsey's, 8,628, and Quayle's, 5,302. The Democratic vote in the two new counties added to the district, was in Eandolph, 4,385; in Monroe, 3,323; total, 6,708; the Eepublican vote was in Eandolph, 1,066; in Monroe, 525; total, 1,591. In 1884 Sullivan County cast for W. N. Norville (Eepublican) for con- gressman, 1,884 votes, and for John B. Hale (Democrat), 1,774. Norville's entire vote was 15,749; Hale's, 20,204. At the last congressional election in 1886 John B. Hale (Independent- Democrat) received in Sullivan County, 1,997 votes, and Charles H. Mansur (Democrat), 1,693; while in the entire district Hale's vote was 16,441, and Mansur's, 17,171. Since the close of the Civil War the votes cast at the successive presidential elections have been as follows : In 1868, Grant, 926 ; Seymour, 568 ; in 1872, Grant, 1,133; Greeley, 1,119; in 1876, Hayes, 1,488; 106 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Tilden, 1,447; in 1880, Garfield, 1,693; Hancock, 1,717; Weaver, 187; and in 1884, James G. Blaine, 1,882; Grover Cleveland) 1,768; St. John, 8. At tlie gubernatorial elections tlie following have been the votes cast in Sullivan County: In 1868 — for McClurg, 896; for Phelps, 603; in 1870— for McOlurg, 714; for Brown, 794; in 1872— Woodson, 1,156; Henderson, 1,121; in 1874— Hardin, 1,098; Woodson, 980; in 1876— Finklenburg (Eepublican), 1,488; Phelps (Democrat), 1,447; in 1880— for Dyer (Eepub- lican), 1,548; Crittenden (Democrat), 1,714; Brown (Green- backer), 173; and in 1884 — Nicholas Ford (Eepublican), re- ceived 1,897 votes to 1,620 cast for J. S. Marmaduke. A detailed account of the temperance movement in Sullivan County would require more space than can be spared for it in this work. All that can be done is to summarize briefly, and give the final result as shown September 6, 1887, the vote of the county on the adoption of the Woods local option law. The movement originated many years ago, and was caused by the numerous and palpable evils connected with saloons. Lodges of the I. O. G. T. were organized in various parts of the county, one at Wintersville, November 28, 1878, one at Jackson's Corners, December 9, 1878. More recently a lodge was organized at Scottsville — Nineveh Lodge I. O. G. T., and another at Boynton. In August, 1879, a remonstrance was presented to the honor- able county court of Sullivan County, signed by 600 tax- payers and 200 women, against the further granting of dramshop licenses. The Sullivan County convention of the L O. G. T. met at Sticklerville, September 27 and 28, 1881, and passed a series of resolutions, earnestly demanding that the licensing of saloons be discontinued; or at least that petitions for licenses be signed by a majority of those legally qualified to petition, and that the petitioner be a man of good moral character. Thus the movement was continued until the summer of 1887, when a special effort was made all over the county for the pur- pose of bringing out a full vote on the Woods local option law. At the election held September 6, 1887, the result by voting pre- cincts was as follows : Morris, for the adoption of the law, 70 ; STATE OF MISSOURI. 107 against, 22; Union, for, 138, against, 22; Greencastle^ for, 51, against, 68; Green City, for, 118, against, 89; Buchanan, for, 73, against, 60; Pollock, for, 83, against, 44; Boynton, for, 121, against, 54; Polk, for, 196, against, 124; Milan, for, 131, against, 82 ; Pleasant Hill, for, 53, against, 36 ; Browning, for, 52, against, 20; ScottsTille, for, 94, against, 21; Taylor, for, 78, against, 3; Bowman, for, 180, against, 21; Liberty, for, 102, against, 71; and Clay, for, 123, against, 21 ; the total Yote cast in favor of the law was 1,663, against it, 758; total vote cast, 2,421, majority in favor of the law, 905. The total vote of the county at the con- gressional election of 1886, was 3,690; thus only a two-thirds vote was polled on the local option law, and 905 became the " historic number." EAILEOADS. The Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad. — Sullivan County has three railroads, one running north and south through the county, now known as the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway, which is of the length of 26.32 miles within the county. Another, the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific, running nearly east and west through the county, its length within Sullivan being 27.5 miles; the other, the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, running through the west end of the county. There was no movement made looking toward assisting any railroad company to build a railroad through the county before June, 1869. At the June term that year, the county court ordered that the county of Sullivan subscribe to the capital stock of the North Missouri Central Railroad Company the sum of $125,000, for which sub- scription the bonds of the county should be issued and delivered to the company from time to time, as required for the construction of said road through the county; the bonds to run for twenty years, and to bear interest from date of issue at the rate of 7 per cent per annum, provided, that two-thirds of the legal voters of said county vote in favor of this subscription at a special election to be held in said county on the 10th of July, 1869, on which day there was ordered to be held an election in 108 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. each municipal townsMp in the county at the usual places of holding elections. At the election held July 10, the proposition to subscribe to the bonds was not sustained, and another election was ordered to be held September 7, 1869, for a subscription of 1100,000. This proposition was voted down by a vote of 466 for it to 528 against it. At the December, adjourned, term, 1869, the county court ordered that a special election be held in the county, February 22, 1870, for the purpose of ascertaining whether two-thirds of the qualified voters of the county would consent to a subscription in the sum of |200,000, to the capital stock of the Quincy, Mis- souri & Pacific Railway Company, on the following conditions : "Said railroad to be located and constructed through the county from east to west, in a line as nearly through the center of the county as practicable; the railroad company to locate, build and maintain a general freight and passenger depot within one-half mile of the town of Milan, and south or west of the geographical center of the county, and also a depot at or as near Green castle in the east part of the county as practicable, and one at or as near Wintersville in the west part of the county as practicable j that said subscription be paid to said company, in the bonds of said county at par, and to bear interest at 7 per cent per annum, to bear date the day of their issue, and become due and payable twenty years afterward ; provided that the county court may at its option pay off 10 per cent of the principal each year after ten years have elapsed from the date of said bonds, and may provide in the bonds for such payment of the principal ; that wherever said rail- road shall have been surveyed and permanently located contin- uously through the State of Missouri, from West Quincy in Marion County to some point on the Missouri Eiver, opposite or near Brownsville in Nebraska, and shall have been continuously graded, bridged and tied six miles within Sullivan County, upon the line hereinbefore designated, then the county court of said county shall issue and deliver to said railroad company the bonds of said county to the amount of $40,000; and for every additional section of six miles so continuously graded, bridged and tied within said county of Sullivan, the county court shall issue and deliver to STATE OF MISSOUBI. 109 said company an additional sum of |40,000, in the bonds of said county, and so on until the whole subscription should have been paid ; provided that the last installment of said subscription shall not be paid to said company until said railroad shall have been continuously and completely graded, bridged and tied from the eastern boundary to the western boundary of the county. "At said election all persons voting for said subscription shall have written or printed on their ballots, ' Shall SuUiTan County, in the State of Missouri, subscribe $200,000, to the capital stock of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eailroad Company, upon the conditions and limitations provided for in an order of the county court of said County of Sullivan, at its December term, 1869, entitled Eailroad Order.' 'Yes;' and those voting against the same shall have the same except the word ' No ' in place of 'Yes.' " The result of the election held February 22, 1870, was that 1,049 votes were cast in favor of the subscription, and 257 votes against it. In accordance with this vote the county court through its presiding justice, James Beatty, subscribed for the stock pf the company to the amount of $200,000, J. Q, Boner, the clerk of the court, also subscribing; both on the 5th of May, 1871. Accepting this subscription as valid, the company commenced work upon its road, but owing to the panic of 1873 was compelled to abandon it. In 1877 B. M. Collins, chief engineer -of the company, located the road from Kirksville to Novinger, it hav- ing been previously built from West Quincy to Kirksville. In the spring of 1878 the road was located from Novinger to Green- castle, and to Milan in the summer of the same year. More than twelve miles of the road were graded, bridged and tied before June 29, 1879. The company then made a tender of $80,000, in the stock of the company, and a demand for the issue of $80,000 in county bonds. This demand the court refused to comply with, and declined to accept the stock, and upon this refusal the rail- way company brought suit to compel the issue of the bonds. The grounds of defense were that at the election of February 22, 1870, which was supposed to have conferred authority upon the county court to subscribe for the stock and issue county bonds in payment therefor, two-thirds of the voters of the county had 110 HISTOBY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. not giTen their consent thereto, as required by law, the company claiming the opposite to be true. During the progress of the suit, the circuit court of Sullivan County, on October 8, 1880, granted an alternative writ of mandamus against the defendant, October 8, 1880, and another alternative writ of mandamus, April 7, 1881. On the 10th of August, 1881, a copy of this writ was delivered to the sheriff of the county, which he returned as executed September 16, 1881. At the May term, 1882, an amended alternative writ was issued, and afterward, on May 19, 1882, the respondents filed an answer to the alternative writ. Finally on the 27th of Novemlier, 1882, the court rendered its judgment upon the application of the relator for a peremptory writ, which was in substance as follows: " The application of the relator for the issue of a peremptory writ of mandamus came on for final hearing and determination upon the allegation of the alternative writ of mandamus hereto- fore issued; the denial of the allegations therein on the part of the respondents, and the replication on the part of the relator, the relator appearing by its attorney, and as well also the respond- ents by their attorneys, ready for trial; and the court being advised as to the law and fact arising thereupon, doth find that the contract of subscription between Sullivan County and the relator company was made substantially as alleged in the alter- native writ. " The court therefore finds from the evidence that prior to June 29, 1879, and prior to the filing of the alternative writ of mandamus herein, the relator company had substantially com- plied with the conditions of said contract of subscription by the completion of said railroad according to the terms thereof. " The court further finds from the evidence that there were 1,306 votes cast at the special election held in said county to determine the sense of the voters as to whether the county court should or should not make subscription ; that 1,049 votes were cast in favor of said subscription, and 257 votes against the same; that more than two-thirds of the qualified voters of said county voting at said election voted in favor of such subscription ; but the court further finds from the registration books of said STATE OF MISSOUBI. Ill county offered in eyidence that there were 1,940 persons duly reg- istered as qualified voters in said county, at the time of said elec- tion; whereupon the court finds, adjudges and decrees that two- thirds of the qualified voters of said county did not vote in favor of such subscription, and that by reason thereof there was want of valid power existing in the county court of said county to make the contract of subscription in question. It is therefore considered, adjudged and decreed by the court here that the relator' s application for a peremptory writ of mandamus be denied ; that the alternative writ issued herein be dismissed; that the respondents go hence without pay; and that they have and recover from the relator company, their costs in this suit paid out and expended." The railroad company not satisfied with this decision carried the case to a higher court, and at this writing the case is still undecided. The Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railroad. — At the May term, 1871, the county court of Sullivan County ordered that the county subscribe, and they themselves did subscribe $200,000 to the capital stock of the St. Joseph & Iowa Rail- road Company in the name and for the use of the North Mis- souri Branch of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, to aid in the extension of said branch through the county of Sul- livan, the subscription to be made by issuing and delivering the bonds of the county, upon terms as follows : The bonds to be of $1,000 each, to become due and payable twenty years from date of issue, and to bear interest at the rate of seven per cent per annum. The bonds were to be placed in the hands of Warren McCullough, as trustee for said county, and the Burlington & Southwestern Eailroad Company, and to be delivered to said rail- road company, subject to the conditions following: The work of construction of said railroad in Sullivan County should com- mence by the Burlington & Southwestern Eailroad Company within six months from the 1st of May, 1871, and the construc- tion was to be completed, and the rolling stock upon it through said county within twenty-one months from the time of commencing the work, and as soon as the work of grading the 112 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. said road should be commenced then the bonds in payment of said subscription should be issued, and placed in the hands of Warren McCuUough, the trustee. As soon as one-fourth of the cost of the work in the county should be completed as shown by the report and certificate of the engineer in charge, and the work paid for by the company, then the county through its trus- tee would deliver to the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad Company |40,000 in bonds ; when one-half was completed in like manner, the trustees for the county would deliver $40,000 more, and so on, until the work should all be done, and the bonds all delivered. The road was to pass within 800 yards of the court- house in Milan, and a general freight and passenger depot was to be built and maintained as soon as the road was built and oper- ated through the county. If the railroad company failed to complete the road within the county within the time limited, then the court was authorized to rescind the order and make it null and void. The court also waived the right to vote for direct- ors in the St. Joseph & Iowa Eailroad Company. Such was the order. The county court had subscribed the $200,000 to the capital stock of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company without having submitted the question to the people, and thus obtaining their consent, as in the former instance. This action of the court was taken in accordance with the provis- ions of an act of the Legislature of Missouri, approved January 22, 1857, entitled "An act to incorporate the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company." Section 6, of this act is as follows: It shall be lawful for the county court of any county in which any part of the said road may be, or for the county court of any county adjoining or near the same, to subscribe to the stock of said company or invest its three per cent fund, or other internal improvement fund, or swamp lands, or the proceeds thereof belonging to the county, as stock in said road, and for the stock subscribed in behalf of the county, may issue the bonds of the county to raise the funds to pay the same, and to take proper steps to protect the interests and credits of the county, and the county court may appoint an agent to rep- resent the county, vote for it and receive its dividends." The bonds of the county were, in accordance with the con- tract, issued and placed in the hands of Warren McCuUough, trustee, and the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad Company STATE OP MISSOUBI. , 113 entered upon the performance of its portion of tlie contract by beginning to work on said road in said county on Monday, October 2, 1871. But the company failed to perform the other part of its contract, namely, the completion of the road and the placing of rolling stock thereon, within the twenty-one months from the 2d of November, 1871. On or before the first day of June, 1873, the company abandoned the work within the county, at which time it had not completed more than one- fourth of the same, though it had managed to obtain from the trustee $160,000 worth of the bonds. In this state of things the county court, at its July term, 1873, passed a resolution to the following effect: " That inasmuch as more than twenty-one months have elapsed since May 1, 1871, and as it is the belief of the court that the work was commenced by the company for the sake of getting the bonds into the hands of Warren Mc- OuUough, to be by him afterward delivered to the company, that the road is not completed and is not near completion, and being satisfied that there is or should be $80,000 of bonds in the hands of the trustee, it is ordered that the order made by the court May 1, 1871, be and the same is hereby rescinded, annulled and made void, and the said Warren McCuUough is hereby ordered and required to deliver to the clerk of the county court all bonds of said county which are in his possession, or under his control, to be by him placed in the hands of the treasurer of the county." Work on the road had been suspended about April 1, 1873, on account of the insolvency of the Burlington & Southwestern Company. At this time the company had completed the branch line north from Laclede to a point about three miles north of the south line of Sullivan County, and from Unionville southward to a point about one and a half miles southward from the north line of Sullivan County, and claimed that as there were but twenty- one miles not ironed, they were entitled to all the bonds except the last $40,000. But the county court holding otherwise caused the Burlington & Southwestern Eailway Company and Warren McCullough to be notified that on September 1, 1874, they would rescind and make null and void the order or contract of 114 • HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. subscription made May 1, 1871. On this day the county court being in session did rescind and make null and void, so far as was practicable for them so to do, the said contract of May 1, 1871, and Warren McCuUough was ordered forthwith to deliver to the court the remaining |40,000 in bonds of said county for cancel- lation. Subsequently the road passed into the hands of Elijah Smith, of Boston, Mass., as receiver, who made a certain proposition to the people of Sullivan County, and on the 24th of June, 1876, L. T. Hatfield presented a petition to the county court signed by more than 1,600 citizens of Sullivan County, praying the court to make the arrangements necessary to carry out the proposition of Elijah Smith, receiver of the Burlington & Southwestern Rail- way Company, in relation to the completion of the Linneus branch of said Burlington & Southwestern Railway. It was, therefore, ordered by the court, in accordance with said petition, that if Elijah Smith or his successors in office should, on or before October 1, 1876, finish and complete the Linneus branch of the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad in good order and condition, and permanently equip the same with the necessary rolling stock for the complete accommodation of shippers, freighters and trav- elers, and erect a good and sufficient freight and passenger depot and station on said branch, within 800 yards of the court-house in Milan, all according to the original contract of May 1, 1871, and if in addition to all this Elijah Smith should pay all costs and charges in connection with a suit then pending in the supreme court of Missouri, styled " the State of Missouri ex rel. Sullivan County vs. Warren McCuUough, trustee of Sullivan County, and the Burlington & Southwestern Railway Company," and all the fees of the attorneys employed by, Sullivan County in said suit, and should file a proper voucher with the clerk of the county court, then an order should be made dismissing said suit, and the forty bonds of $1,000 each should be left in the hands of War- ren McCuUough as trustee, to be disposed of upon the terms and conditions, as stated in the original order of subscription of May 1, 1871 ; but if the said Elijah Smith, receiver, or his suc- cessor in office should not fulfiU the contract, then the order accept- STATE OP MISSOUEI. 115 ing the terms of his proposition should be mill and void without further action of the court, and the suit by that order suspended should be prosecuted to final judgment. The result was that the road was completed in accordance with the proposition of said Smith before the 1st of October, 1876, and on the 13th of that month the county court made the follow- ing order and entered it on record: DISMISSAL OP BAILBOAD MANBAMUS SUIT. Whbbbas, It has been shewn to the court here that Elijah Smith, receiver of the Burlington & Soiithwestern Railway Company, has finished the Linneus branch of the Burlington and Southwestern Railway through Sullivan County, Mo., and has equipped the same with proper and sufficient rolling stock for freight and passengers, and has erected on said branch within 800 yards of the court-house at Milan, in said county, a good and sufficient depot and station house for freight and passengers, all according to the original order of May 1, 1871, subscribing $200,000 to the capital stock of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, and also in accordance with an order of this court of June 3, 1876, in relation to the completion of said branch railroad through said county by said Elijah Smith, and that said Elijah Smith has paid all costs and attorneys fees that have accrued in an action of mandamus by said State of Missouri ex rel, Sullivan County lis. Warren McCullough, trustee for the Burlington & South- western Railway Company and said Sullivan County, now pending in the supreme court of Missouri; It is therefore ordered. That the prosecuting attorney for said county dis- miss said action of mandamus, and by leave of said supreme court, withdraw the papers filed on the part of the relator in said action, and that said action of mandamus be no further prosecuted in said supreme court, and that the forty bonds, of $1,000 each, of said county, yet remaining in the hands of said Warren McCullough, trustee as aforesaid, be left to be disposed of according to law, as though said, action of mandamus had never been commenced. Thus the railway company became possessed of the bonds of Sulliyan County to the amount of $200,000, and Sullivan County became possessed of the railroad through her territory, twenty- seven and a half miles in length, and she already had the $200,000 worth of stock. This stock never was of much service to the county, as in the first place the court, it will be remembered, waived its right to vote thereon for officers of the company, and in the second place the court, for numerous reasons, all how- ever connected with the transfers of and mortgages upon the road, rendering in their opinion the stock essentially valueless, sold the same for $100 in cash. This was in 1885. 116 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. But with reference to the bonds, compromises were made on these from time to time by L. T. Hatfield, financial agent of the county, commencing in 1879, on the 6th of November of which year he reported having compromised fifty of the out- standing bonds issued November 1, 1871, having given therefor in exchange eight renewal bonds, of $100 each, and forty-seven renewal bonds, of $600 each; $29,000 worth of renewal bonds for $50,000 worth of the original bonds. November 17, 1880, Hatfield reported that on account of the improved condition of the country, it was impossible to compromise any more of the bonds on the basis of 60 cents on the dollar, but that he could go on at 75 cents, and the court authorized him to proceed at that rate, and he reported the compromise of thirty-one bonds on the same day. March 21, 1881, he made a report of the com- promise of eight bonds, at not more than 75 cents on the dollar, for which renewal bonds had been issued. May 19, 1882, a statement of the bonded indebtedness of the county showed that the principal had been reduced from $200,000 to $175,000, and that the interest upon all had been reduced from seven to six per cent, thus effecting an absolute reduction of the debt in the amount of $25,000, and an annual reduction of interest of $2,000. In March, 1883, Mr. Hatfield made a report to the effect that the amount of bonds compromised prior to January 1, 1881, was $103,000, and since that date, $87,000, total $190,000, and that there were ten original bonds outstanding for which contract of compromise had been made, but which contract could not be car- ried into effect until the taxes for that year were collected. These ten original bonds are still outstanding, as also ten renewal bonds, which had been placed in the hands of Mr. Hatfield for the compromise of the original bonds, and which renewal bonds, in connection with some of the original bonds, he hypothecated with a bank in Keokuk, Iowa, for a loan of $9,400. The true condition of the bond question now is that of the last $10,000 of the original bonds, $6,000 worth have been canceled, and $6,000 of renewal bonds substituted for them; this amount of renewal bonds and $4,000 of original bonds, $10,000 in all. STATE OF MI8S0UKI. 117 being deposited with the Keokuk Bank. What has been done with the balance of the renewal bonds, $4,000, is not now known. The question of most interest just now to the taxpayers of Sullivan County is this, whether the bOndsmen of Mr. Hatfield or the county itself is responsible for the payment of the excess of the bonds over the original $10,000 still outstanding. The bonds- men hope to escape on a technicality. The law required Mr. Hatfield to report to the county court once each month, which he failed to do, and the bondsmen now claim that the court was bound in law to report to them Mr. Hatfield's delinquency. Suit was brought against the bondsmen at the November term (1887) of the circuit court, for the purpose of settling the question. EDUCATIONAL. From an act of the General Assembly, approved March 27, 1845, the following extract is taken: Whenever a majority of the citizens of any Congressional Township, in any county in this State, shall petition the county covirt of their respective counties to sell the sixteenth section of their respective townships, the court, if it think proper, may order the sale of such sixteenth sections, although there may not be fifteen householders in said township, any law to the contrary notwithstanding. The Sale of the Sixteenih Sections. — On the 22d of June, 1846, Samuel Lewis handed in a petition for the sale of the sixteenth section of land in Congressional Township 64, Range 21, and the sheriff was ordered to make sale of the same accord- ing to law. Jefferson Hunsaker and others petitioned for the sale of the sixteenth section of Congressional Township 63, Range 18, and the sale was ordered by the court. These appear to be the only petitions for the sale of school lands made in 1846. In 1847 a general movement was made for the organization of school townships, under the law quoted from above. On February 2 School Township No. 1 was organized, in accordance with a petition of the majority of the qualified voters of the township, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 62, Range 20, in which is situated the county seat of the c ounty. The first meeting of the inhabitants of School Town- 118 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. ship No. 1 was ordered by the county court to be held at the county seat, March 13, 1847 (Saturday). Eobert D. Morrison was appointed commissioner, and Samuel Maggart and Esom Hannon, directors, to serve until the first meeting should be held. On the same day, February 2, School Township No. 2 was organized, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 64, Kange 21. The first meeting in this township was ordered to be held at the house of Jesse Banskites, March 15, 1847, John Wood was appointed commissioner, and Thomas Wood and Eobert Allen, directors. School Township No. 3 was organized also February 2, 1847, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 61, Range 20. The first meeting of the inhabitants was to be held March 15, at the house of Jacob Spencer. J. Seaman was appointed commissioner, and John Knifong and John Thur- low, directors. School Township No. 4 was organized February 3, 1847, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 62,, Bange 21. The first meeting of the inhabitants was directe(J to be held at the house of Conrad Glaze, March 17, 1847, and Conrad Glaze was appointed commissioner, and Daniel Wilhite and Meekin Taylor, directors. School Township No. 5 was organized March 8, 1847, and consisted of Congressional Town- ship No. 63, Eange 20. The first meeting of the inhabitants was held at the house of Thomas Baldridge, 8r. John Bald- ridge was appointed commissioner, and Eobert Hoyle and Ira Sears, directors. School Township No. 6 was organized May 4, 1847, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 63, Eange 21. The first meeting of the inhabitants was ordered to be held at the house of Thomas Spencer, on Monday, June 21, 1847. Gabriel Jones was appointed commissioner and James C. Triplett and Smiley H. Miller, directors. School Township No. 7 was organized May 4, 1847, and consisted of Congressional Township No. 61, Eange 21. The first meeting of the inhabitants was appointed at Williams' store, on Saturday, September 11, 1847. Lewis Tyre was appointed commissioner, and William E. Smith and Henry Dell, directors. School Township No. 8 was organ- ized November 8, 1848, and included Congressional Township No. 63, Eange 22. The first meeting of the inhabitants was STATE OF MISSOUBI. 119 appointed for the Friday before the third Saturday in January, 1849 (January 19), at the school-house near A. M. Hamrick's house. Philip W. Martin was appointed commissioner, and Alex- ander Standifer and Lewis G. Todd, directors, or inspectors as they were otherwise called. June 1, 1847, R. D. Morrison was appointed to ascertain the number of free white children between the ages of six and twenty, in Polk Township, on the last day of the year 1846; Gabriel W. Taylor, in Vrooman Township; John Spencer, in Pleasant Hill Township; Hiram Osborn, in Duncan Township, and John L. Wood, in Liberty Township. June 28, William B. Jones was appointed for the same purpose in Morris Township. November 8, 1850, School Township No. 1, was reorganized, the first meet- ing to be held at the courthouse at Milan, on the first Saturday (4th) of January, 1851. John Franklin was appointed commis- sioner, and Joseph A. Peery and Joseph Couch, directors. On the same day School Township No. 4 was reorganized, the first meeting to be held at the house of Conrad Glaze, on the third Saturday (18th) of January, 1851; Conrad Glaze was appointed commissioner, and Meekin Taylor and Daniel Wilhite, directors. May 6, 1852, the school directors in District No. 1, Township No. 1 (Milan), were granted the privilege of keeping a common school in the court-house at Milan for seven months from that day; provided they did not permit the school to interfere with any court of record, and that they be responsible for all damage the school might do to the court-house, and keep it in repair. Enumeration, etc. — In 1860 the number of school children in the county was 3,242, and the amount apportioned to the county by the State was $1,426.48. As with Putnam County so with Sullivan, statistics and other data with reference to the con- dition of the schools and their progress are exceedingly meager from the close of the war until 1877. For this year the State school superintendent's report is accessible, and also for subse- quent years, rendering a presentation of the working of the schools, so far as statistics are concerned, comparatively easy. For 1877 the enumeration was white, males, 2,697; females, 2,584; colored, males, 8; females, 9. The average number of 120 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. days each, child was in attendance was 53 ; the number of teachers was males, 70; females, 33; at an average salary of, for males, $32.01; females, $21.76. The number of school-houses was 95; and the value of school property in the county, $28,366. Following are the statistics for 1878: Enumeration, white, males, 2,798; females, 2,630; colored, males, 7; females, 8; at- tendance, males, 2,118; females, 2,003; and each child attended on an average 51 days. The number of teachers was males, 72; females, 39; and their salaries averaged for the males, $31.74; ■females, $24.45. The number of school-houses in the county was 95, and besides these one was rented; the seating capacity of all was 4,323, and the value of school property was $27,640. The total amount paid teachers was $12,824.02. The township school fund was $15,728.86, and the county fund, $31,979.90; a total fund of $47,708.76. For 1880 the enumeration was white, males, 2,916; females, 2,797; colored, males, 10; females, 13; total enumeration, 5,736. The attendance was white, males, 2,325; females, 2,150; colored, males, 8; females, 12. The number of teachers was males, 72; females, 30 ; average salary for males, $26 ; females, $22. The number of school-houses was 96, and the value of school property $28,200. The school moneys for 1880 were, cash on hand at the beginning of the school year, $3,122.27 ; receipts from State fund, $4,021.19; from county fund, $3,778.67; from township fund, $1,689.88; from district tax, $8,314.84; total receipts, $20,926.85; total expenditures, $17,404.14. The school fund was township fund, $15,978.86; county fund, $32,730; total fund, $48,708.86. For 1882 the enumeration was white, males, 3,151; females, 3,039; colored, males, 10; females, 15; total enumeration, 6,215. The attendance was white, males, 2,560; females, 2,490; colored, males, 10 ; females, 13 ; the number of teachers employed was males, 60 ; females, 42 ; salaries, males, $32 ; females, $22. The value of school property was $35,000. The school moneys were cash on hand, $4,962.97; receipts from State fund, $4,101.63 from county fund, $3,431.01; from township fund, $1,521.90 from district taxes, $12,480.61; from all other sources, $371.71 total receipts, $26,869.83 ; total expenses, $20,155.07. The school STATE OP MISSOUEI. 121 fund then was, township, $16,058.86; county, $33,804.15; total fund, $49,863.01. For 1884 the enumeration was white, males, 3,130; females, 3,047; colored, males, 15; females, 20. The enrollment was white, males, 2,623; females, 2,517; colored, males, 8; females, 12. The average number of days each child was in school was 50, and the average number, present each day was 2,945. The number of teachers was 102, and their average salary $26.25; the total amount of wages paid teachers being $13,750. The school fund was township $16,339.78, county $35,092.59; total fund $51,432.37. School property was valued at $38,000. For 1886 the enumeration was white, males, 3,300; females, 3,146; colored, males, 9; females, 15; total enumeration, 6,470; enrollment, white, males, 2,920; females, 2,690; colored, males, 7; females, 10; total enrollment, 5,627. The average number in attendance each day was 3,471, and the average number of days' attendance for each child was 61. The number of teachers employed was males, 87; females, 43; at an average salary for males of $34.43, and for females of $31.30. The number of schoolrooms occupied in the county was 114, having a seating capacity of 6,156. The estimated value of school property was $46,254, and the total amount paid teachers was $20,069.88. The school moneys for the year were cash on hand at the begin- ning of the year $9,740.52; receipts, tuition fees, $71.75; public funds received for school fund by county treasurer, $5,837.15; from adjoining counties, $196.97; district tax, $16,775.57; tax from adjoining county, $53.97; total receipts, $32,675.93; total expenditures, $25,314.44. The school fund then was township, $17,786.55; county, $37,982.50; total, $55,760.05. For 1887, according to the report furnished by Prof. G. A. Smith, county school commissioner, the enumeration was, white, males, 2,960; females, 2,774; colored, males, 8; females, 9; total enumeration, 5,751. The average number of pupils in school during the year, was 3,840, and the average number of days' attendance by each pupil during the school year was 67. The number of teachers employed was males, 88 ; females, 52, at aver- age salaries for the males of $30.23; females, $27.68. The 122 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. number of school-roomB occupied in the county was for white children, 113; colored children, 1. The value of school property in the county, was $46,325. The school moneys for the year ending June 30, 1887, were, amount on hand July 1, 1886, $7,110.55; tuition fees received, $56.65; from public funds, $11,070.88; from local taxation, $16,746.91; total j-eceipts, $34,984.99; expenditures, teachers' wages, $21,519.66; incidentals, $2,516.66; salaries of district clerks, $538.50; purchase of school sites, erection of school -houses and furnishing same, $1,101.50; repairs, $900.24; paid on indebtedness, $1,026.20; total, $27,602.16; balance on hand July 1, 1887, $7,382.83. The num- ber of third grade certificates issued during the year was 120; of second grade, 67 ; of first grade, 3, and the number of those who taught in the county with State certificates was 8. Management of Schools. — With reference to the general man- agement of schools, even as late as 1882 it was asserted that " school teaching in Sullivan County is a kind of merchantable commodity. School directors are resolved to give about as much for a school teacher as is paid to a mule driver. Qualifications to discharge the duties incumbent upon a teacher is a matter of little moment to the average school director, and the main point with the teacher is to squeeze through and to arm himself with a cer- tificate, and then to teach for low wages. Cheap teachers are in demand. While there are some most excellent teachers in this county it is sad to know that all are not such, and if those directors who have no other method of measuring a teacher's capacity but by the minimum price at which he will teach, do not die off or get kicked to death by the aggressive spirit of the age, all the better class of teachers who still bless us with their presence will leave for other parts where their services are better appreciated and rewarded. Until parents and school directors think more of their children than of their mules, and evince that fact by paying more for the education of their children than they pay to those who drive their teams, they must expect the present educational interests to be kept down to a very low standard, and that $100 will be spent to make drunkards, paupers and criminals where $1 is spent to make intelligent, useful and moral citizens." STATE OP MISSOUKI. 123 While this picture may have been somewhat overdrawn, yet there was doubtless contained in the extract a modicum of truth. And since that time efforts have been making, and even for some time before, to increase and improve the qualifications of teachers by means of teachers' institutes. Following are brief accounts of some of the institutes. Institutes. — One was held in the school-house at Milan commenc- ing August 11, 1884. It was conducted by Pj-of. W. P. Nason, under the auspices of D. M. Wilson, county school commissioner. There were present twenty-four male teachers and eighteen female teachers. The instructors of those attending the institute were H. J. Hinckley, James Dillinger, E. D. Green, Cora Boynton, E. B. Arnold, Frank Swanger, L. W. Williams, Nannie Brown, I. E. Donoho, G. P. Hurst, J. M. Wattenbarger, George W. Payne and J. H. Ellison. Prof. Hagan gave instruction in music. Another institute was held commencing August 10, 1885, and was con- ducted by Prof. G. A. Smith. The institute held in August, 1886, was conducted by Prof. J. F. Stanley, who was assisted by William Coohran, Orville Moore, I. E. Donoho, B. W. Pierce, J. H. Elli- son and others. The last institute held in the county was at the Milan school-house, and commenced August 15, 1887. It was conducted by Prof. F. A. Swanger, under the auspices of the county school commissioner. Prof. G. A. Smith. Lectures were delivered by Prof. B. W. Pierce, of Green City College ; Prof. I. S. Smith, of Humphreys College and Business Institute, and by Hon. A. C. Eubanks, of Milan. D. W. Cass assisted in ren- dering the music, and W. H. Tripp gave the use of his hall for the entertainment on Friday evening, August 19, upon which day the institute closed, with a resolution to meet again on Mon- day, August 13, 1888. Following are the names of the teachers present at this institute: J. E. Swanger, J. M. Wattenbarger, G. W. E. Morrison, I. E. Donoho, H. J, Hinckley, J. McClarey, J. K McGee, W. J. Ford, J. E. McClarey, J. T. Page, F. A. Swan- ger, H. A. Higgins, O. McCallister, J. W. Clapp, W. M. Putman, T. A. White, Ben. J. Thompson, J. C. Hennon, L. J. Davis, M. G. Eubanks, M. F, Higgins, C. H. Wise, S. F. Wade, A. Wood, 124 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNT!. K H. Hamilton, Arthur Boyd, L. S. Stanforth, J. W. Dillinger, I. S. Smith, "W. J. Bradley, John Lemen, J. F. Anderson, Rosa Lavelle, Minnie Fox, Lou. T. Cass, Georgia Butler, Narr Kern, Ida Miller, Laura L, Trader, Amanda Beck, Henrietta Beck, Flora St. Clair, MoUie E. De Witt, MayMuUins, Gertrude Ames, William Parson, William Miller and J. T. Bradley. Teachers' Certificates. — At the present time in Missouri teachers' certificates have three grades ; a third grade certificate authorizes the recipient to teach in the public schools one year, a second grade eighteen months, and a first grade two years. In order to obtain a third grade certificate an applicant must pass examination in eleven branches of study, as follows: orthography, reading, penmanship, mental arithmetic, written arithmetic, de- scriptive geography, English grammar, United States history, civil government, theory and practice, and physiology and hygiene. In order to obtain a second grade certificate he must pass an examination in sixteen branches; adding to the above physical geography, etymology, algebra, zoology and physics, and the applicate for a first grade certificate must pass examination in the above and also in geology, rhetoric, botany, geometry, chem- istry, trigonometry, English literature, general history and men- tal philosophy. To pass he must grade six on a scale of ten. The Early Schools of Milan. — The first school in Milan was taught in the court-house, by permission of the county court, by B. D. Morrison, in the year 1847. It was continued from year to year in rather an unsatisfactory manner, not so much for want of competent teachers, as for want of a proper appreciation among the people themselves of the advantages of education, down even to the time the present school-house was erected. In 1875 the teachers of the school were M. De Hurst, principal, and Miss Eva Barnett, assistant. The number of scholars in attend- ance in November of that year was 120, males fifty-one and females sixty-nine. The condition of the school-house and the difficulties the teachers labored under on that and other accounts, was set forth in one of the local papers in January, 1876, in sub- stance as follows: "When Prof. Hurst took charge of the schools of this place it was necessary for him to lay planks across two STATE OF MISSOUEI. 125 sticks of wood in order to make room for some of the scholars. He now has to carry benches into the house on which to extend the boards ; and by keeping the doors open and raising the win- dows on cold days, to give egress to the smoke, he manages to get along. It'is evident that our public school is laboring under many disadvantages. The first and greatest need is a suitable school building. The teachers are annoyed almost beyond patience by parents sending requests that their children be excused ' at recess,' ' at 3 o'clock,' etc." The necessity for a new school building became more and more apparent, and in order to meet the requirement the board of education of the district (District No. 1, Township 62, Range 20) met at the call of the president at the office of A. C. Bubanks, April 21, 1881, and a petition was presented signed by L. T. Hatfield and 159 others, requesting the board to order an election to determine the sense of the qualified voters of the dis- trict as to borrowing $8,000 for the purpose of erecting a school- house, and issuing the bonds of the district therefor, and to deter- mine the sense of the people as to what length of time, if any, the public school should be kept open in excess of four months. The election on the issuance of bonds was held May 12, 1881, and on the thirteenth of the month the following report was made by the judges of election: "It is hereby certified that the num- ber of votes cast at this election amounts to 117 ; for the bonds, 113; against, four; for increasing the rate of taxation to 65 cents on $100, 111 ; against, two ; blank votes castj three. D. A. Wilson, John S. Davis, W. Stanner and B. Jackson, judges of election; George W. A. Preston, L. T. Hatfield, James Morris and E. M. Trumell, clerks of election." June 2, 1881, plans and specifications for the new building were adopted, which was to be 54x76 feet, two stories high, and contain four school-rooms, and to be of brick. The contract was let July 20, 1881, to K O. and C R Davis, for $7,000, bond of same amount required. On October 6, 1881, the bid of I. W. Basye for furnishing the house was accepted, the contract being for 127 desks at $4.60 each, and twenty rear seats at $3.25. The building stands in the south part of the city of Milan, and is a very comfortable and commo- 126 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. •dious structure, but is now beginning to be too small. In March, 1882, H. M. Peterson was employed as principal at $90 per month, William Cochran in the grammar department at $40 per month; Miss Lou Eoe in the intermediate department, at $35 per month ; and Mrs. V. E. Witter in the primary department, • at $35 per month. In June, 1882, teachers were engaged as follows : Mrs. V. E. Witter, primary department. Miss Lou Koe first interme- diate, William Cochran second intermediate, and H. M. Peterson, principal. Text Books and Teachers. — On the 31stof January, 1883, the "board of directors for this district adopted the following series of text books for five years: Ray's Revised Mathematical Series; McGuffey's Revised Readers and Spellers; Harvey's Revised Grammar; Eclectic Geography; Franklin Writing Spellers; Gan's Morals and Manners; Eclectic United States History; Anderson's Manual of the Constitution, and Eclectic Copy Books. In June 22, 1883, teachers were employed as follows: H. M. Peterson, principal; Mrs. Julia Hickman, assistant; Miss Cora M. Boynton, grammar department ; Miss Nannie Brown and Miss Ellen M. Cram, primary departments. June 9, 1884, H. M. Peterson was again elected principal; Cora M. Boynton, grammar department; Nannie Brown, intermediate department; Ellen M. Cram, primary department. July 2, 1885, teachers were chosen as follows : B. A. Jones, principal ; T. A. White, grammar depart- ment; I. R. Donoho, assistant principal; Jessie Grigsby, inter- mediate department; Ellen M. Cram, primary department. June 14, 1886, the following teachers were chosen ; B. A. Jones, prin- cipal; I. R. Donoho, assistant; T. A. White, grammar depart- ment ; Mrs. Lou. Cass, intermediate department ; Miss Ellen M. Cram, primary department; and on June 21, 1887, teachers were selected as follows: I. R. Donoho, principal; J. M. Shipler, assistant; T. A. White, grammar department; Mrs. Lou. Cass, intermediate department, and Miss Georgia Butler, primary department. ■School Officers. — The following have been the officers of the board of directors since 1881 : STATE OF MISSOUEI. 127 President — E. B. Beazley, A. 0. Eubanks, 1882-86; Caleb Payne, 1886-87, W. P. Calfee, 1887. Clerk — J. B. Nelson, 1881 to the present time. Treasurer — S. C. Hntcliison, 1886 to tlie present time. Previous to 1886 the board consisted of three directors, but in that year it was reorganized under the law permitting six directors, and which provided for a treasurer. Later Enumeration. — In 1882 the enumeration of school children between five and twenty-one years of age in the district was as follows : White, males, 170 ; females, 166 ; colored, males, 10 ; females, 10. 1883 — white, males, 204; females, 189; colored, males, 7; females, 17. 1884 — white, males, 200; females, 189; colored, males, 10; females 16. 1885 — white, males, 210; females, 182; colored, males 10; females, 15. 1886 — white, males 218; females, 193; colored, males, 6; females, 15. 1887 — white, males, 205; females, 199; colored, males, 6; females, .12; total for 1877, 422. The money expended annually for the school since 1881 has been for the school year 1881-82, $1,050; 1882- 83, $2,575; 1883-84, $2,332.50; 1884-85, $2,403; 1885-86, $3,046.40. No high school course has as yet been established. A separate school has always been taught for the colored children, but their numbers are so limited that no school-house has as yet been erected for their accommodation. Other Schools of the County. — The first school-house built' at Greencastle was about 1859 by a board of directors, upon land deeded to a board of trustees by A. M. Dean. The present frame building was erected in 1881. It is 26x60 feet in size, with a vesti- bule 6x20 feet. The ceiling is* 14 feet high. The building contains two rooms, with an aggregate seating capacity of 112, and cost $2,000. The public school of Humphreys was taught in a house about three quarters of a mile northwest of the town until the winter of 1884^85, when a four months' term was taught in the college building. During each of the succeeding winters a term of six months has been taught in the same place. For the term of 1884-85, the enumeration of the district was 82, the enroll- 128 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. ment of the school 100, and the number of days taught 80. For the winter of 1885-86, the enumeration of the district was 108, the enrollment in school, 122, and the number of days taught, 118 ; and for the winter of 1886-87, the enumeration of the district was 114, the enrollment in school 128, and the number of days taught, 118. Green City College. — Green City College was established in the spring of 1885, by means of articles of agreement signed May 25, that year, by and between A. L. Pierce on the one hand, and C. B. Comstock, J. C. Custer, Pfeiffer Bros., and others to the number of sixty, on the other hand. By the terms of these articles of agreement, eighty scholarships were issued, sixty of them at $50 each to the sixty subscribers to the articles of agree- ment above mentioned, the money thus raised being used to erect a suitable college building, which, when completed, cost about $4,500. This building is an elegant brick structure, three stories high, 32x56 feet in size and contains five commodious rooms : two rooms separated by a hall in the first story; two rooms in the second story capable of being made one by means of sliding doors, and one in the third story constituting a hall 28x48 feet in dimensions. Mr. A. L. Pierce, the projector of the institution, secured the services of his brother. Prof. B. W. Pierce, B. S., a graduate of the National Normal University of Lebanon, Ohio, to preside over the college, and on the 13th day of October, 1885, the school opened with thirteen students. Before the end of the first term of ten weeks, the number enrolled was thirty-three. President Pierce was assisted in teaching by his brother, E. E. Pierce, and Miss N. E. Godfrey, as teacher of music. The num- ber of students during the second year was about eighty. The faculty for the year 1887-88 is as follows: B. W. Pierce, B. S., president, professor of languages, English history, Ameri- can literature, higher algebra, civil government, etc. ; C. H. Wise, B. S., professor of natural sciences, English literature, higher mathematics and German, and Miss N. E. Godfrey, teacher of music. There are two regular courses of study — the preparatory, comprising one year of four terms, and the collegiate department. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 129 comprising four years of four terms each. In the collegiate department a thorough education may be obtained in the higher English branches, higher mathematics (including the differential calculus and mathematical astronomy), the natural sciences, the Latin language, mental and moral philosophy and political economy. Tuition in the preparatory department is $5 per term and in the collegiate department $6.25 per term, or less, according to the number of terms, paid in advance. The work in the college is systematic and practical, and the students are of as high standing and grade as those attending similar institutions. Humphreys College and Business Institute. — This insti- tution was established in 1884, upon a plan originated in 1883, by which 100 scholarships were issued at $50 each, each good for twenty-seven months' tuition. With the money thus raised a college building was erected upon a campus of four acres, donated for the purpose by James M. Stringer, who also donated one acre to Prof. G. A. Smith, the president of the college, for a residence. The college is an elegant brick structure, two-stories high, built after the most approved style of architecture. The corner-stone was laid June 24, 1884, and the building was dedi- cated September 28, 1884. On the 29th the doors of the insti-. tution were opened for the admission of students. The first faculty of the college was as follows: G. A. Smith, A. M., president and professor of languages and the sciences; W. H. Miller, A. B., principal of business department; I. S. Smith, pro- fessor of mathematics, history and literature; J. H. Ellison, teacher of plain and ornamental penmanship; Mrs. Mary B. Smith, principal of preparatory department; Miss Lillie Buhl, teacher of instrumental music, and J. W. Forquer, teacher of vocal music. The second faculty, that for 1885-86, was as fol- lows: G, A. Smith, A. M., president and professor of Latin, higher mathematics, mental and moral science; I. S. Smith, principal of business department; Grace Whaley, teacher of com- position, language and literature ; J. W. Clapp, civil government, algebra and mental arithmetic; Virginia I. Eussell, elementary grammar, etc. ; J. H. Proctor, principal preparatory department. 130 HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. and J. W. Forquer, history and music. The faculty for 1886-87 was as follows: G. A. Smith, A. M., president, and professor of Latin, mental science and bookkeeping; J. W. Clapp, natural science; William Miller, languages and literature; J. L. Gallatin, mathematics ; William Hartshorn, preparatory department ; A. W. Hartshorn, penmanship; J. W. Forquer, vocal and instrumental music; Mrs. Anna Shearer, landscape, portrait and hand-painting; I. S. Smith, traveling agent. The faculty for 1887-88 is as follows: G. A. Smith, A. M., president and professor of Latin, mental and moral science; I. S. Smith, principal of business department ; E. H. Smith, mathematics ; Flora St. Clair, language and literature; A. J. Cooper, natural sciences, and Mattie Gay, principal of preparatory department. There are two departments to this college — preparatory and collegiate. The preparatory course comprises two years' study of four terms each and the collegiate course four years' study of four terms each. The studies of the fourth year in the colle- giate course are Latin, logic, political economy, zoology, analytics, mathematical astronomy, geology, calculus, oratory and elocution. The graduate from the collegiate course receives the degree of bachelor of arts. The tuition varies in the departments accord- ing to the length of time paid in advance, but for a single term it is as follows: preparatory department $5 ; collegiate department $6.50; business department $12.50. Good board in private families and at the hotels can be obtained at from $2 to $2. 50 per week. The institution is non-sectarian, and by the taking up of the 100 original fifty dollar scholarships the building becomes the property of the president. Prof. G. A. Smith. There have been three declamatory contests for gold medals in this college. The first was on May 1, 1885. The medal was worth $15, and was won by I. E. Donoho. The second contest was on February 22, 1886, and the medal was won by Miss Carrie Stringer, and in the third contest the medal was won by Miss Flora St. Clair. The enrollment in this institution of learn- ing for the fall term of 1887 was 157, about thirty more than ever before. The college building will be enlarged in the near future. lILMrHrEl'i (OIIEI L AM> Jl=iINLSS J^STnL■Il., HUJIPHIiJiYS, SULL1V^\X CO., MO. STATE OF MI8S0UBI. 133 ECCLESIASTICAL. The Methodist Church. — The first preacher to come into the county was the Eev. John Curl, a Baptist, who liTed in the north part of the county, in or not far from the Dennison settlement. Soon afterward there was preaching at John Hatcher's house, in the south part of the county. This was in 1841 or 1842. In the summer, however, the preaching was in the groye. The first camp meeting was held in 1842, about three miles west of Milan, by the Methodists, and as the division in the Methodist Episcopal Church on the slavery question had not then occurred, all the Methodists who could reach the place participated in the services. The preachers present were George Land, James McClaskey and George Conway. The meeting was a very interesting one, and lasted about thirteen days. There were 300 persons' present, and as now remembered there were about thirty conversions. The Eev. Jesse Goins was also in the county very early, as is elsewhere related. After the division in the Methodist Church, the Rev. John Martin was probably the first minister belonging to the Methodist Episcopal Church South to preach in the county. In fact, the entire body of Methodists in Sullivan County united with the southern wing of the church ; others of its early preachers were the Eev. Mr. Spencer and the Eev. Mr. Shiver. Of the incidents connected with the religious sentiment of early days, the following may be presented as illustrating the abnormal development of the sentiment culminating in supersti- tion: One of the early settlers had a large flock of sheep, and a couple of naughty boys, one of whom was named Thomas Lane, caught a ram belonging to this flock, which had a very large pair of horns, and to them tied a ball of candlewick, saturated with spirits of turpentine. The ball of candlewick thus saturated they set on fire, the blaze reaching up to a considerable height, and as it was in the night time, the light being carried about from place to place quite rapidly by the frightened ram, which ran at full speed in order, if possible, to free himself from his tormentor, considerable excitement was caused throughout the neighborhood. The light was thought by some to be a warning of evil to come upon the wicked if they did not forsake their ways. 134 HISTOBT OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. At another time, the same parties fastened a lantern to a large kite, which they caused to sail around at a considerable height above the earth when it was dark, for a long time. As nothing could be seen but the light of the lantern, moving about at about the same height from the ground, this also caused some supersti- tious people to feel considerable alarm. One old lady in particular, who firmly believed that nothing ever happened that was not prophesied of in the Bible, searched her Bible diligently until she found a prophecy which she considered to apply to this very case. The Methodist Episcopal Church was re-established in Sulli- van County in 1859, under the name of the Wintersville Mission, which belonged to the Grand River District, Missouri Confer- ence. The pastor was Rev. P. W. Duree, Rev. E. Lathrop, presiding elder, and the first quarterly conference was held at Elm wood school-house, at which six classes were represented. Milan Mission was founded in 1860, with Rev. N. Cordry and Rev. D. Arnaok, pastors. A good year's work was attended with a revival and many additions to the classes. In 1861 the Rev. J. M. Oyler was presiding elder, and Rev. N. Cordry, pastor. During the years 1862 and 1863 Rev. W^liam Hanly was pre- siding elder, and Rev. S. Norman, pastor. For two years — 1864 and 1865 — no historical data was preserved, and the War of the Rebellion caused all work of the church to cease. Occasionally during these years appointments were made, but the bitterness of the Civil War almost endangered the lives of the preachers, as the Methodist Episcopal Church remained on the side of the Government. Others, however, were as bitterly persecuted and proscribed by the opposition. In 1865 Rev. F. H. Graham preached occasionally. In 1866 Milan Circuit was formed. Rev. Z. S. Weller, presiding elder, and Rev. J. W. Prince, pastor. This was a year of great persecution and little prosperity, and the end of the year found the classes much demoralized, many having left the connection. In 1867 Rev. J. C. Myers was pastor. The Deeds class was organized with 100 members. There were some additions made by means of revivals and some withdrew, being dissatisfied. STATE OS MISSOUEI. 135 Eev. W. B. Moody was pastor in 1868, and remained three years. In 1870 Eey. N. Shumah, D. D., was presiding elder. During tliese years there was no revival, and the membership decreased 50 per cent by removals and withdrawals. The Deeds, Elmwood and Fairview classes were dropped from the charge, and in 1870 McGlaskey's, three miles west, was added. In 1871 Eev. N. Enyeart was pastor. A new district was formed as Princeton, this district embracing Milan, with Eev. S. N. Warner presiding elder. In 1872 Eev. S. Knupp was appointed pastor, and Colfax was the name embracing the entire work in the county. In 1873 Milan was reattached, and Eev. S. Knupp was pastor. Eev. M. F. Olp became pastor in 1874, and remained three years. At the. age of forty he married. During his second year at Milan he was stricken with severe paralysis from which he never recovered, dying after being confined to his bed for many months. His wife did not long survive him, and now his little daughter is fostered by the conference. In 1879 Eev. E. J. King was pastor. He was instructed to live in Milan, and to reorganize a class. Twenty-two united under his call for reorganization. In 1878 Eev. A. Cluster was the pastor. Pollock was now organized, and the western part of the circuit was detached and organized • as Colfax, with Eev. B. P. Warner, pastor. Eev. A. Cluster built a neat parsonage in Milan. Eev. I. I. Ware, in 1884, added to it a large kitchen, and it is now a comfortable house. Eev. A. Cluster was pastor in 1879, when his health failed, and he was succeeded in 1880 by Eev. William Stanner, who was also pastor in 1881. During this year $800 was raised for a church at Colfax. In 1882 Eev. L. T. NcNeiiey was pastor, and remained three years. He was an honored preacher of the gospel, and died in April, 1885, having served the church until within about a month before his death. Eev. J. S. Wilson followed, remaining one year. He was suc- ceeded by the present pastor, Eev. S. Taylor. The congregation now uses the church building of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, but expect soon to have a commodious house of worship of their own. The present membership of the church at Milan is 130. 136 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. The Greencastle Methodist Episcopal Church was reorganized in 1875, by Eev. Ira L. Terry, with about seventeen members. The first paster was the Eev. Samuel Crump. The others have been Bevs. B. ¥. Warner, W. H. Turner, E. L. Thompson, Will- iam A. Presson, T. S. Corkran, and A. H. Powell, the present pastor. The membership of the church at this» time is about fifty-eight, and services are held in the church edifice of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Prairie Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church was]^built in 1869, by the United Brethren in Christ and the Methodist Episcopal Church, but the building now belongs exclusively to the latter denomination. It is 30x40 feet'in size, is a frame structure, and stands on Section 32. The society of the Methodist Episcopal Church to which this building belongs was formed about 1860; it belongs to the Green City Circuit, and has about twenty mem- bers. The present pastor is the Eev. A. H. Powell. Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal Church was organized July 20, 1860, by the Eev. S. G. Anderson. The first members were David Moore, leader; C. A. Moore, Henry Boner and his wife, Mary, G. W. Cannon, his wife, Sarah, and their son, Alexander, William H. Harris, and B. J. Harris, his wife. Meetings were at first held in a little log school-house, and afterward in a frame school-house. The present frame church building was erected in the fall of 1886; it is a one-story structure, and cost $1,000. It will seat 300 hundred people, and is situated on the northwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 4, Township 61, Eange 19. It was dedicated December 19, 1886, by Elder Eerrell. The money for building this church was contributed by persons belonging to different denominations, and by liberal contributions from those not belonging to any church. The ministers in charge of this church have been the Eevs. S. G. Anderson, Nathan Cor- dry, J. McKnight, D. Arnack, George Walker, Frank Eeader, B. E. Stauber, Mr. Fifield, S. T. Lintner, John Scott, L. T. Mc- Neiley, B. F. Warner, Henry Crampton, J. O. Taylor, E. Eigell, James A. Stille and J. A. Sohrette. The present membership is fourteen, many having removed, and quite a number having died. STATE OP MISSOUEI. 137 Sticklerville Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in the spring of 1878 by the Bev. Benjamin K. McLean, who was the first pastor. For a time after its organization it was a part of the North Chariton Circuit, but in the spring of 1879 it was changed to the Sticklerville Circuit, with the Hot. William Stan- ner as pastor. He was followed by the Eev. B. F. Warren, and he by the Bev. J. O. Taylor. In 1882 the church was transferred to the Greencastle charge, with the Bev. William H. Turner as pastor. In 1884 it was placed under the Greencastle and Green City charge, with the Bev.-E. L. Thompson as pastor, who was followed by the Eev. William A. Bresson, and he by the Eev. William Corkran, who died during his term, and his appointment was filled out by the Eev. Ira L. Terry. The Eev. A. H. Bowell is the present pastor, services being held semi-monthly. A frame church building, 30x40 feet, was erected in the fall of 1878, at a cost of about $1,000. It is located at Sticklerville, and was dedi- cated in the following winter by Elder J. F. Messuer. The Sticklerville Methodist Episcopal Sunday-school was organized in 1878, with D. H, Ludden, superintendent. The present super- intendent is J. E. Hartzler, and the present membership is about 140. The average attendance during the last jeai has been about 100, and it is thought this is the_largest Sunday-school in Sulli- van County. The Green City Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1881, mostly from the Kiddville society, which had been organ- ized many years before. The Green City Church was organized by the Eev. B. F. Warren, who was the first pastor, and who was succeeded by the Eet. James O. Taylor, Eev. B. L. Thompson, Eev. A. Presson, Bev. F. S. Corkran, who died during his appoint- ment, which was filled out by the present pastor, Bev. A. H. Powell. The membership at present is forty-seven. A frame church building was erected in 1881, 30x50 feet, at a cost of about $1,500. It is still uncompleted, and has not been dedicated. Fairview Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1884, by Eev. William H. Presson, from Eose Hill and Pleasant- ville societies, with thirteen members: Alexander Edson and Julia J. Edson, his wife, E. D. Beatty, Ida Beatty, Margaret Beatty, Elizabeth Beatty, Anna Beatty, Elizabeth Finley, Virgil 138 HISTOET OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. Beatty, Margaret Spray, Margeline Page, Zeviah Edson, J. J. Edson. The present membership is also thirteen. A frame church building, 30x40 feet, was erected in 1883, at a cost of 11,177. It stands on Section 32, Township 62, Eange 18. It was dedicated February 3, 1884, by Elder M. L. Curl. The trustees for the erection of the building were B. E. Eira, John Summers, J. J. Edson, Alexander Edson, Daniel Lafever, J. A. Ammerman, Charles E. Walker, E. D. Beatty and Theo- dore Taylor. The present trustees are Daniel Lafever, C. E. Walker, Milton Amez, Dr. B. F. Bunch and J. J. Edson. This society is a part of the Greencastle and Green City Cir- cuit. Services are held monthly. Mount Pleasant Society being on the same appointment. The Methodist Episcopal Church South has always had, since the division in the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1844-45, numerous classes or church organizations in the county. It is believed that in what is now the Milan Circuit the class at Bald Knob school-house was the first one organized. Then followed that at the Gose school-house; that at Elm Woods school-house; at Greencastle, which has a church build- ing; that at Pldasant Grove school -house ; at Milan, which has a church building, which was dedicated in 1879; at Frazier school- house, and that at Boynton, making eight in all on this circuit. The classes on the Humphreys Circuit were organized in the following order: first, the Judson or Triplett school-house class; second, Eggleston school-house; third, Martin's school- house; fourth, the class worshiping alternately at the Cherry Grove school-house and the Black Oak school-house; fifth, the Humphreys class; sixth, the classat Gait, in Grundy County; seventh, Fairview school-house, and eighth, the Bairdstown class, which uses a church building owned equally by it and the Methodist Episcopal Church at Bairdstown. The Humphreys class was organized in the fall of 1885, as a result of the labor of the Eev. E. D. Morrison, at pres- ent judge of the probate court of the county, who preached his first and second sermons there in the Baptist Church building on Thanksgiving day, 1885. The Eev. Mr. Morrison STATE OP MIBSOUEI. 139 continued to preach at Humphreys until September, 1886, when he was succeeded by the Eey. C. N. Broadhurst, at which time the Humphreys Circuit was organized. The Eev. B. D. Sipple was appointed in the fall of 1886, and returned to the charge in the fall of 1887. The lumber is now (October, 1887) on the ground for the erection of a new church at Humphreys, 28x42 feet in size, and 18 J feet to the ceiling. It is to stand on two lots donated to the cause by J. M. Stringer. The Eev. Mr. Sipple is also exerting himself with a good measure of suc- cess to have church buildings erected by other classes, in order that it may not be necessary much longer to depend on school- houses. Browning Circuit comprises the Knifong Grove class, of which a history is introduced below, the Scottsville class, the Browning class, the "Wesley Chapel class, the oldest in the circuit, located in Linn County, and the Hamilton school-house class. This circuit is now in charge of Eev. J. S. Eooker, and the Milan Circuit is in charge of Eev. H. L. Davis, who suc- ceeded the Eev. C. N. Broadhurst in the fall of 1887, and as was stated above, the Humphreys Circuit is in charge of the Eev. B. D. Sipple. The Southern Methodists. — The Methodist Episcopal Church South camp meeting ground, of Bowman Township, was organized about 1852. It was located in Section 13, Township 62, Eange 22, and flourished like a green bay or fig tree for a decade of years. Tents and sheds were erected for the accommodation of both people and animals, and it was a permanent organization until the breaking out of the Civil War, when all was burned to the ground. It was organized by the Eev. Jacob Wattenbarger, Eev. Mr. Dockery and Eev. Mr. Naylor. Many conversions were the result of their labors, and much permanent good was accomplished, but after the war it was never reorganized. Knifong Methodist Episcopal Church South was organized with M. E. Jones, clerk, George Jones, class-leader, P. W. Christy, 0. M. Harris and William Martin, stewards. In 1883 a movement was set on foot to build a one-story frame church, with a seating capacity of 400. It was completed in 1885, 140 HISTOKY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. at a cost of $800. It stands on the northeast corner of the northeast quarter of Section 36, Township 61, Eange 20. It was dedicated Sunday, July 12, 1885, by Elder M. E. Jones. The , pastors have been Elder M. K. Jones and Elder John Anderson. The present membership is about eighty; Knifong Grove class and Bundridge class united in a permanent class when the above church building was erected. Greencastle Methodist Episcopal Church South was organ- ized about 1845, by Eev. Daniel Burford, with some seventeen members. Services were first held at the residence of Isaac Langley and William B. Jones, south of where Greencastle now stands. The first church edifice was erected in 1857, a frame structure, 30x40 feet, and cost about $550. It was built by Job S. Marshall. It was remodeled and repaired about 1867 at a cost of $450. The present frame building was erected in 1886. It is 30x50 feet in size, cost $1,500, and stands on the original church site. The present pastor is the Eev. C. N. Broadhurst^ who is in his second year, and the present membership is forty- seven. Services are held once each month. The First Presbyterian Church. — This church was organized in Sullivan County, September 5, 1865, by Eev. William Eeed, with the following members: James Beatty and wife, Alexander Connel and his wife, Margaret, Eobert Cochran, Sr., William Cochran, Sr., William Murdock and wife, Thomas Boss and wife, Mary Sterling, Margaret Caldwell, Sarah Connel and Jane Graham. From the time of its organization this church worshiped at the Wilhite school-house, McClaskey's school-house, and the Sterling school-house, until the summer of 1875, when they erected a frame church building, 30x45 feet in size, which cost $1,400. It is situated on Section 12, Township 62, Eange 20. It was dedi- cated in the fall of 1875 by Eev. Duncan Brown and Eev. D. A. Wilson. Since the Eev. William Eeed left the pastorate the pastors have been Eevs. John Newton and A. G. Wilcox, who were supplies, D. A. Wilson, and the Eev. C. P. Blayney, who is now pastor. The present membership of the church is sixty-five. The Eevs. William Eeed, John Newton and A. G. Wilcox also served the Bird's Eye Eidge Presbyterian Church at the STATE OF MISSOTJEI. 141 same time they were with the First Church. E.ev. Mr. Wilson also preached for the Milan Presbyterian Church as well as the other two, up to 1881, after which he preached for the First Church and the Milan Church until about June 1, 1886. He was succeeded in both by the present pastor in April, 1887. The Milan Presbyterian Church was organized June 2, 1881, by the Presbytery of Palmyra. Its original elders were James Beatty and Vincent C. Bates, and other members, Margaret C. Beatty, Macedonia Bates, Fannie C. Swallow, Martha E. Wilson, Sarah J. McKinney, Sarah Bonar, Clara Oven, Alice C. Hatfield, Eeese W. Davis, Margaret Davis, Elizabeth M. Davis, Annie C. Pattison, Maria Meals and Annie Foster. The church building was erected in 1881, at a cost of $1,800. It was dedicated soon after its completion by the Rev. J. D. Wallace and the Eev. D. A. Wilson, D. D., the latter of whom was the first pastor, and was succeeded in April, 1887, by the present pastor, Eev. Charles P. Blayney. The present membership is twenty-five, and the present trustees are James Beatty, Alexander S. McDuff and John M. Swallow. The Cross Eoads Presbyterian Church was organized in 1883, by the Eev. D. A. Wilson. The first members of the church were David Herr, wife and sister; Elizabeth McCullough, Mrs. Mary Troyer, Misses Lydia, Hattie and Mary Troyer and Lewis Troyer. A frame church building was erected in 1883 at a cost of $2,000, which sum was donated by Webster McCul- lough (deceased). This building is located on Section 11, Township 61, Eange 20. It was dedicated soon after its com- pletion by the Eev. Mr Tatlow, of Edina. The Eev. Mr. Wilson remained pastor until about June 1, 1886, since which time the church has had no regular pastor, the building being used by all denominations, and the pulpit being occupied by ministers of all denominations according to the convenience of the ministers themselves. The present membership of the church is nine. Bird's Eye Eidge Presbyterian Church was organized at Bird's Eye Eidge school-house, in Union Township, August 4, 1866, by the Eev. William Eeed, of Trenton, Mo., and Elder James Beatty, of Milan, Mo., with the following members: I. 142 HISTORY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. •Oomstock, Mercy Comstook, William Taylor, Elizabeth J. Tay- lor, Davis Hudson, Nancy Hudson, James Davis and Sarah Davis. Services were held at Bird's Eye Eidge school-house, until 1872, after which they were held at Prairie Chapel until 1881, when the society erected a frame church building at Green City, about 28x46 feet in size, at a cost of $1,500, and it was dedicated in the fall of the same year by Eev. William Keed, first pastor of the church. He wf followed by Eev. Isaac Newton, Eev. D. A. Wilson and the ^jresent pastor, Eev. W. H. Day. The present membership ol the church is about sixty. The First Cumberland Presbyterian Church. — This church was organized July 28, 1855, at the house of Christopher Cooper, in Bowman Township, Section 15, Township 62, Eange 22. It was known as the New Mount Pleasant Church. It was organ- ized by the Eev. J. E. Nevins, the charter members being Christopher Cooper, William M. Houston, Susan Tunnell, Eliza- beth Grimes, Eebecca Grimes, Mrs. Mary Numan, and the ruling elders were Christopher Cooper, John H. Johnston and John H. Snapp ; John H Johnston was the clerk. The organ- ization has since continued in existence except that during the Civil War it was abandoned, but up to this time the society has not erected for itself a church building, holding services in ihe Peterson schoolhouse, and in Union Grove Church. The present membership is thirty-five. Following are the names of the present elders : H. M. Cooper, William McGee and John L. Todd. The ministers of this church, have been the Eevs. J. E. Nevins, William M. Houston, J. E. Trousdale, J. W. French, P. W. Wynn, James M. Eagan, Thomas Montgomery and J. E. Atkinson. In this connection it may be stated the first sermon preached in Sullivan County by a minister of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church was by the Eev. William M. Houston. In 1856 the Cumberland Presbyterian camp ground was •organized on Christopher Cooper's farm, a large number of frame tents were erected, and services were held there one week each year for three years. The people collected from miles around in immense crowds, and it was believed much good in a STATE OF MISSOUKI. 143 religious way was done. The year 1857 was a very dry one, and special prayer was offered for rain each day for a number of days during the camp meeting, and on Saturday after the meet- ing had commenced it began to rain, and rained thenceforward almost continuously for two weeks, and the wet weather became almost as burdensome as the previous dry weather had been. Some of the members complained afterward of the Eev. Mr. Nevins who coL.S*icted the camp meeting, and offered up the special prayers foFi aiin, saying that " he always did overdo every- thing he undertook. ^ Pleasant Hill congregation, of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, was organized December 18, 1868, by Eev. James M. Eagan, services being held in the Wilhite schoolhouse, standing on Section 12, Township 62, Eange 21, in Bowman Township. The charter members were Daniel Wilhite, and Ellen, his wife ; Jacob M. Dearing, and Emily C, his wife; Zebedee P. D. "Wilhite, and Nancy, his wife; John A. Dyer, and Sabina, his wife; John W. Dearing, and Louisa, his wife; Bailous E. Dearing, Tilman A. White, Amanda Dyer, Margaret J. Broyles and Josephine V. Dearing. The elders were John W. Dearing, Jacob M. Dearing, John A. Dyer, Tilman A. White, Collin H. Cowden, H. B. Dear- ing and H. D. Montgomery. The deacons were John C. McKee and Zebedee P. D. Wilhite. The ministers of the church have been Eevs. James M. Eagan, P. W. Wynn, A. T. Cooper, E. B. Cooper, E. S. Eagan, John E. Atkins and Thomas Montgomery. The present membership of the church is forty -nine. A Sunday- school is conducted during the summer months, having an attendance of about forty-six. The superintendent is H. B. Dearing. The Christian Church. — In 1862 the Oak Grove school-house was erected. It is a frame structure located on Section 7, Town- ship 62, Eange 19, in Polk Township. All denominations used it for church and Sunday-school purposes until 1883, when the present house was erected, at a cost of $450, and on April 24, 1886, a Christian Church organization was effected to use this latter house for religious worship. The charter members were W. H. Compton, H. B. Payne, W. Bennett, Thomas J. Simpson, 144 HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. Jordan T. Payne, Letha Simpson, Martha E. Jones, Isa P. Payne, William Frazier, "William M. Bennett, Mary Bennett, "W. F. Emberton, Mary S. Payne, Jane Singley, Elizabeth Bingham, William B. Payne, Martha Payne, E. W. Nicholson and wife, John Jones, Susan Jones, Polly Jones, George Cummings and Lou. Cummings. The ruling elders were W. H. Compton, H. B. Payne, W. Bennett, T. J. Simpson and Jordan T. Payne. The ministering elders of the church haye been Calvin Under- wood and William Jones ; clerk, H. B. Payne, and treasurer, T. J. Simpson. The present membership is forty-two, and preach- ing is had once each month. A. Union Sunday-school is held each Sunday, of which W. H. Compton is the superintendent, and G. M. L. Morrison, assistant superintendent. The Humphreys Christian Church was organized in the spring of 1883 with thirty-three members. They commenced the erec- tion of a church building, and had it nearly completed, when on July 13 of that year it was blown down by a cyclone. No sub- sequent attempts to build a church have been made, but in the spring of 1887 this organization purchased the building erected some time previously by the Baptist Church, and have now a temple of their own. The elders of this church have been Daniel Mclnturff (who remained but a short time), J. B. Lockhart (who remained eighteen months), and W. S. Trader (who commenced his labors here in the spring of 1887). Besides preaching for this church once each month. Elder Trader preaches with equal frequency for a church in Boone County, one in Grundy County, and one in Clinton County. The present membership of the church is about fifty, and the church building they now own cost, when new, about $1,000. The Baptists. — It is now generally believed that Rev. John Curl was the first Baptist preacher to come into Sullivan County ; but he was not here long before Eev. Jesse Goins, who came into the county in 1837. Other pioneer Baptist ministers were A. J. Williford, John McAllister, Rev. Mr. Green, A. W. pole, Alton F. Martin and J. W. Wadleigh. Eev. John Curl preached in private houses, and in an old school-house, standing about ten miles west of Milan, called West Locust Creek school-house. STATE OP MISSOURI. 145 near the residence of Gabriel Jones. Eev. Mr. Curl remained in the county until about the fall of 1840. Eev. Jesse Goins came next, if not even before Mr. Curl. He M^as born in Madison County, Ky., in 1814, and, having married Mrs. Susan McDaniels in about 1832, settled in Linn County, one mile west of Brown- ing, and one-fourth of a mile south of the southern boundary of Sullivan County, in 1837, taking up forty acres of land on West Locust Creek, in Sullivan County, about one-half mile north of Linn County, at about the same time or a little later. He preached in most or all of the early settlements in Sullivan County, includ- ing Milan, in which town he preached in the schoolhouse, before he was regularly licensed, which took place in 1840. Eev. Mr. Goins was and is a Missionary Baptist, as have been most if not all of the Baptist ministers that have come into the county. He was ordained in 1843, and continued to preach in Sullivan County mainly until 1880, when he retired from the active ministry to his farm, about four miles west and one mile south of Browning, where he now resides. Eev. Mr. Martin also preached in Milan school-house, which was situated on Fourth Street, near Water Street. Eev. James Morlecet preached in Milan several times in 1842 and 1843, and Eev. A. J. Williford also about the same time, as did Eev. Mr. McAllister, Eev. John Eoan and others, from that time on until about 1871, when a church was organized at Milan, by Eev. Peter Satter, with the following members: Edward Ash and wife, James Tate and wife, A. C. Hill, Mrs. Joseph Couch and Henry Couch and wife. Eev. Mr. Sutter remained pastor about two years, and was succeeded, in 1873, by Eev. Jesse Goins, who remained one year. He was followed by Eev. A. W. Cole, who remained three years. Then Eev. J. W. Wad- leigh came, and remained two years, Eev. Mr. Belson followed, and remained two years, and was succeeded by Eev. Mr. Graves, who was pastor only six months, when he retired, leaving the church in a very lamentable condition, and as yet he has had no successor. The present church building was erected in 1872-73. It is a frame building, standing on the corner of First and Water Streets, and cost when erected about |1,200. Upon this church building was hung the first church bell ever heard in Milan 146 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Upon hearing it ring for the first time, Judge R. D. Morrison composed the following poem, which is copied by permission from his writings: LrNBS SUGGESTED ON HEAKING THE FIRST CHURCH BELL IN MILAN, OCTOBEB 24, 1873. Hark! what strange sound is that I hear? What epoch now is drawing near? Strange sound! you ask. It is not strange, Unless 'tis strange for scenes to change. That sound is but the voice of bell. Striving glad tidings now to tell, Spreading good news o'er heath and glen. Gladdening the hearts of mortal men. What bell? 'Tis not the auctioneer's Announcing the sale of goods and gears; 'Tis not the hotel's, a clanging gong, Calling to dine the hungry throng; Nor is it that of gentle kine Answering the milkmaid's dulcet chime. Nor night watch in his olden tower Ringing alarm of raging Are. No, none of these; 'tis more than these. Its chimes the ear of God will please. That is the church bell's cheering sound. Telling to us this truth profound: A temple of our God is there, A shrine wherein to offer prayer. An altar for our offering praise In sweetest, joyous, heavenly lays. A church bell! Yes, I know it now. With gratitude I humbly bow; It takes my thoughts to childhood days. When church bells called to sacred praise Where saints the righteous God adore; Where God displays redeeming power; Where sinners find a Savior's love. And pardon sealed from God above. Long be thy days, thou stranger bell, Loud sound thy call o'er hill and dell, And bid our sons to worship God, And trust a Saviour's precious blood; Our daughter's call to seek God's grace, And sing to Jesus sacred praise. Let children's children hear thy chime, Reminding all of fleeting time. . STATE OF MISSOUEI. 147 Yellow Creek Missionary Baptist Olnircli was organized in 1856 by Eev. Henry Gibson, who was tlie first pastor, and who was followed by the Revs. Hoover Gray, John Starkey, Joshua Gray, Peter Setters, and the present pastor, Eev. J. K. Archer. Services were first held at the residence of Matthew Kidd, and the original members were John Starkey, Peter Setter, Mrs. Lucinda Lair [nee Starkey) and Eveline Baker. The present membership is about fifty-two. The present frame building is 36x46 feet in size, and was erected in 1869. It is located on Section 24, in the western part of Penn Township. The North Salem Baptist Church was organized in 1871 by Eldef Jesse Goins. The original members were Dr. C. Har- ryman, Jane Baker, Maria Waters, Fanny Janes; Dr. C. Harry- man was the clerk. These few Christians served as the nucleus of a much larger body, which saw almost immediately formed. The first church building was a frame structure, which cost about $600. At the time of the dedication of this church edifice in 1876 the organization had about seventy-five members, but by deaths, removals and withdrawals the membership has been so reduced that it is now only about fifteen. The pastors have been Jesse Goins, 1873-74; Elder Penn, 1874-75. No pastor then until 1885, when Elder Jones served during the year 1885-86, and then, after another vacancy in the pulpit. Elder Z. Goins began his pastorate in 1887, and is still the pastor. The present clerk of the organization is William Harryman. There are other Baptist Churches in the county, most of which, if not all, are regularly supplied by the Rev. Z. Goins, son of Eev. Jesse Goins, mentioned above as one of the earliest preachers in the county, and one who preached within its limits about forty years. The Missionary Baptists. — Pleasant Grove (now Humphreys) Missionary Baptist Church was organized by A. M. Green. The original members were W. F. and Julia A. Craven, E. W. Craven, Christy A. Bailey, Martha Swiggart, V. E. Meekins, A. M. Green, I. L. Bishop, S. E. Green and Martha Green. The first building was erected in Humphreys in 1882 and 1888, and cost about $1,000. This church was sold in 1887 to the Humphreys' Christian Church. The pastors of this church have been th 148 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Eevs. A. M. Green, 1871; J. E. Bourlworth, A. Jackson, Sr., J. L. Cole, G. E. M. Buson, and the present pastor, Eev. Z. Goins. The present membership is about twenty-five. The Catholics. — St. Mary's Catholic Church at Milan was established in 1867, with ten or twelve families, at the time of a visit there by Bishop Hogan, of Chillicothe, Mo. Services were held in private houses until 1883, when the society erected a frame church edifice, 30x60 feet in size, on the northeast corner of Preston's addition to the town, at a cost of about $2,500, includ- ing the cost of the furniture. At the present time there are about forty-five families connected with the church. The society also owns a cemetery adjoining the lot upon which the church edifice stands. The United Brethren. — An account of the origin of the Free United Brethren Church has been given in the history of Put- nam County. In this place it is deemed necessary only to give a summary of the various classes in Sullivan County, the classes being named after the school-houses in which they respectively meet. Mount Zion class was organized in 1875; it has a church building and sixteen members; Shultz class was organized in 1876, and has twenty-five members; High Point, in 1876, and has eight members; Boss class, in 1876, and has twenty mem- bers; Clem Spring class, in 1877, ten members; Lone Star, in 1879, eleven members; in 1880 the following: Fairview, twenty- nine members; Willis, twelve members; in 1882, Woods, twenty- three members ; Henry, fifteen members ; Dietz, twenty members ; in 1883, White Oak, twenty members ; in 1885, Cora, twenty mem- bers ; North Salem, forty members ; Price, seven members ; Wolf, ten members; Amspaugh, forty-three members; Center Grove, twenty-seven members; Hill, twenty-two members; in 1886, Boyn- ton, thirty-four members; Winigan, fourteen members; Pennville, seventeen members, Sinai, eighteen members ; a total of twenty- three classes and 461 members. The preachers in the county at present are the Eevs. W. H. McPherson, J. H. Harmon, John Crawford, James West, N. F. Munn, John Palmer, Benjamin Beck, Peter Creason, Benjamin Vanbibber, William Crawford and Harley Crouch. f'TSU. JV i •^ tv J. C. Dewitt. SULLIVAN COUNTY, STATE OP MISSOURI. 151 MISCELLANEOUS. The Sullivan County Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Growers^ Association. — This was organized May 18, 1878, and was chartered September 6, 1879. The charter members were Warren McCuUough, Addison Payne, James Morris and others. The capital stock was $2,000, divided into shares of $25. There were seventy-four original stockholders, from whom was selected the following directors and officers: Warren McCuUough, presi- dent; John Blanchard, vice-president; John S. Hart, treasurer; J. H. B. Smith, secretary; A. W. Harris, Addison Payne, James T. Reynolds and John Kenley. In 1878 about thirty-five acres of land were purchased, at a cost of $765, upon which have been placed improvements in the form of fences, stalls, grand stand, floral hall, implement hall, booths, judges' stand, secretary's office, music stand, wells, cattle, sheep and hog pens, etc., so that now the value of the property, considering the land worth $2,000 and the improvements $3,000, is fully $5,000. The association has held ten annual fairs, the first having been held in 1878, and the last in 1887, on the 14th, 15th, 16th and 17th of September. The fairs have been usually well attended, and have served to awaken a lively interest in the improvement of methods of agricult- ure, and in the breeds of cattle and horses. When the first fair was held there were no blooded cattle in the county; now there are considerable numbers, with some direct importations. The association has distributed annually about $1,700 in premiums, but have declared no dividends on the stock, except that each stockholder has so far received 10 per cent of his stock in tickets to the fair. This, however, was not done in 1887. The officers have been as follows: Presidents, Warren McCuUough, 1878; Ad- dison Payne, 1879; John Kenley, 1880; Warren McCuUough, 1881; Dennis Eyan, 1882; Warren McCuUough, 1883; N. J. Winters, 1884 and 1885; W. H. Emberton, 1886, and James Sterling, 1887. Vice-presidents, John Blanchard 1878, 1879 and 1880; N. J. Winters, 1882; Reuben Payne, 1884, 1885 and 1886; John Kenley, 1887. Secretaries, J. H. B. Smith, 1879; John M. Swallow, 1880 to 1887 inclusive. Treasurers, John S. 152 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Hart, 1879, 1880; Webster Clark, 1881, 1882; Dennis Eyan, 1883, 1884; Warren McCuUough, 1885, 1886, and Webster Clark, 1887. The other ofl&cers at the present time are as fol- lows: Fred. E. Hagen, superintendent; Addison Payne, assistant superintendent. On January 25, 1861, an act of the Legislature was approved, incorporating the Sullivan County Agricultural and Mechanical Association. This society was authorized to purchase forty acres of land, but no more, and might hold and enjoy real estate to any apiount not exceeding in value $25,000, with power to sell and convey the same. There were to be one president, two vice- presidents and eleven directors. Following are the names of the directors and officers: G. D. Burgess, president; Dr. E. F. Perkins and Gen. P. W. Martin, vice-presidents; Peter Thomas, J. C. Hutchison, A. Sandifer, Oapt. J. Seaman, W. E. Smith, O. H. Bennett, Thomas Dobyns, Hindley, Louis Springer, Bennett TJtterback and Branson Jackson. Dr. Joure De Witt was the treasurer, and H. T. McClanahan, secretary. The Poor Farm. — At the May term (1869) of the county court, $1,250 was appropriated for the purchase of a poor farm, and the bond of the county issued to Addison Payne for that amount, payable one year from date, or sooner, at the option of the court. John Weaver took possession of this farm October 1, 1869, and J. Z. Henry in September, 1871. He was succeeded by I. P. Slough, January 19, 1874. John Dehm took charge March 1, 1885, and the present lessee, John Fusselman, March 1, 1887. The farm consists of 230 acres, upon which there are two good houses, with accommodations for fifteen patients. There is also a good barn upon the farm. At the present time there are five patients on the farm. The terms upon which it is now leased are that Mr. Fusselman has the use of the farm and $297 per year, and is obliged to keep the county poor up to the num- ber of ten, and is paid pro rata if the number exceeds ten. TOWNS, VILLAGES, ETC. Milan. — The county seat of Sullivan County is situated nearly in the geographical center of the county. It is situated on the STATE OF MISSOUBI. 153 northwest and southwest quarters of Section 2, and the northeast and southeast quarters of Section 3, Township 62, Range 20 west from the fifth principal meridian. The original town was laid off upon the farm of Armstead C. Hill, and contained fifty acres, but the original plat was never recorded, it haying been worn out by- Commissioner Sears, while in the discharge of his duties, selling the town lots. It was intersected from east to west by First, Sec- ond, Third, Fourth and Fifth Streets, and the streets running north and south were Broadway, Market, Main, Water and Vine. The public square lies between Second and Third Streets, and between Market and Main. On March 4, 1850, a contract was made by Ira Sears, commissioner for Sullivan County, for locat- ing the seat of justice, with Abner S. Gilstrap, to complete the survey of the town. When this was done the new plot contained 31 blocks, and an aggregate of 145 lots, usually of the size of 119x64 feet, 8 inches. Additions. — Smith & Bailey's addition was made May 30, 1872, containing ten blocks, an aggregate of sixty-three lots, extending between Second and Fourth Streets, from the original town to the depot grounds. Kern's addition was made by Eman- uel and Mary M. Kern, June 25, 1873, and consists of two blocks, twenty- seven lots, adjoining the southeast corner of the original town. Ash & Clark's addition was made September 25, 1873, by Edmund and Mary Susan Ash, and Webster and Nancy J. Clark, north of the original town, and contained nine lots. Clark's addi- tion was made in July, 1876, by Webster and Nancy J. Clark. It lies north of the original town and on both sides of the line between Sections 2 and 3, and north to the township line between Townships 62 and 63. Nelson's addition, in the extreme south part of the town, was made by J. E. and Belle Nelson, December 14, 1876; it consists of thirty lots. McDuff's addition was made by A. S. McDuff, February 8, 1877 ; it contains fi%-one lots. Beazley's addition was made by R. E. Beazley, July 24, 1877, SiUd contains twenty-nine lots, and Preston's addition was made June 3, 1881, by G. W. A. and Nancy Preston ; it contains twenty- four lots. 154 HISTORY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. Sale of Lots. — After the laying off of the original town into lots by Wilson Baldridge, county surveyor, sales of these lots were made by E. Hannon, who had been appointed commissioner for such sale on the 5th of May, 1846, on which day he was also ordered by the county court to lay off the town of Milan as laid down on the plat then on file in the office of the county clerk. Following are some of the lots sold by Esom Hannon, as such commissioner: Lot 1, Block 7, to Joseph Ringo, September 28, 1847 ; the south half of Lot 2, Block 7, to John L. Matthews, September 28, 1847; Lot 2, Block 5, to John Munchey, October 28, 1847, and Lots 1 and 2, Block 1, and Lot 1, Block 3, to James A. Clark, October 29, 1847. On the 4th of November, 1847, Commissioner Hannon made his settlement with the county court for the lots sold by him, as follows: The entire sum for which he was indebted to the county was $493.37-^, and the sev- eral amounts with which he had charged the county were: Notes returned, $293.50; lots sold for which no notes had been taken, $51.25; treasurer's receipts, $119.97; commission, $5.94; cash paid to his successor, $12.45 ; discount on notes paid before matu- rity, $1.19; making three deeds as commissioner, $1; surveying part of a lot for A. C. Hill, $2; total credits, $487.30; balance due the county, $6.07|. His successor, as commissioner of the county seat, was Ira Sears, who sold lots as follows: Lot 1, Block 6, to himself, No- vember 16, 1847 ; Lot 3, Block 6, to Joseph Bingo, February 9, 1848 ; Lots 5 and 8, Block 8, to George Page, February 18, 1848; a tract of land to Hiram T. Elmore, on the same day, described as follows: Beginning at a stake in the north line of the town of Milan, the county seat of Sullivan County, at a dis- tance of 4 chains and 89 links west from the northeast corner of said town, and running south 39 degrees west, 3 chains and 22 links to a stake ; thence west 98-| links to a stake ; thence north 2 chains and 50 links to a stake on the north line of said town, and thence east along the said line 3 chains, 1^ links to the place of beginning, containing one-half acre, and on the 25th of Febru- ary, 1848, to David H. Leeper, the following tract: One lot lying on the corner of Broadway and First Street, being due west of STATE OP MISSOUEI. 155 Lot 5, Block 2, and fronting 119 feet on Broadway, and running back west to the west line of the town of Milan, fronting north on First Street. In April, 1848, the following lots were sold: On the 18th, Lot 3, Block 8, and Lot 1, Block 5, to Hiram T. Elmore; on the 19th, Lots 1, 2 and 3, Block 4, to George W. Withers ; on the 26th, Lot 2, Block 28, to Isaac D. Farris ; on the 27th, Lot 1, Block 2, to Abraham McKinney; Lot 7, Block 8, to Samuel Read; and to Stephen G. Watkins the following tract: Beginning at a stake on the north line of the town of Milan, at a distance of twenty-five feet from the northwest cor- ner of said town, and running south 3 chains and 49 links to a stake on the north side of First Street; thence east 1 chain and 43 26-100 links to a stake; thence north 3 chains and 49 links, to the north line of the town ; thence west to the beginning, con- taining one-half an acre. On the 29th, Lot 7, Block 6, to Elias Hudnall, and Lot 2, Block 2, to E. D. Morrison. In May the commissioner sold the following lots : On the 1st, Lot 4, Block 8, to Felix C. Knifong, and Lot 8, Block 6, to "William J. Oornett; on the 2d, Lot 1, Block 8, to Lewis W. Hunt; Lot 6, Block 7, to Stephen J. Baskett, and Lot 2, Block 3, to George W. Withers, and on the 3d, Lot 6, Block 8, to James Lee. On the 17th of November Lots 7 and 8, Block 4, to James R. Sands, and on the 23d of December Lot 4, Block 7, to Hiram T. Elmore. On the 8th of August, 1849, Lot 5, Block 2 was sold to Benjamin Frazer. In 1850 the following were sold: Lot 6, Block 5, to R. D. Morrison, February 23; Lot 6, Block 28, to E. M. 0. More- lock, April 17; Lots 4, 5 and 6, Block 30, to John Baldridge, Sr., June 3, and Lot 3, Block 12, to Stephen G. Watkins, Sep- tember 25. In 1851 the following: On March 1, Lots 6 and 7, Block 2, to Caleb C. Hill; on May 5, Lot 1, Block 14, to John Baldridge, Sr., and Lot 8, Block 2, to Benjamin Frazer, July 7, Lot 5, Block 6, to Charles Withrow, and on August 30, Lot 3, Block 7, to James Frazer. In 1852 the following: January 21, Lots 6, 7 and 8, Block 26, to George Page, and Lot 1, Block 15, to Jesse C. Grim ; and on February 3, Lot 4, Block 28, to Abner S. Gilstrap, and Lots 5 and 6, Block 22, and Lots 5 and 7, Block 28, to R. D. Morrison. 156 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. The First Buildings. — The first building erected upon the original town plat of Milan was a log one by Hiram T. Elmore, on Lot 3, Block 8, that is on the north side of Second Street, be- tween Main and Water Streets, where Mrs. Howe now liyes. The second was commenced by George Irvine, on the northeast cor- ner of Third and Main Streets, and by him sold to Joseph Eingo, who completed it and in it kept hotel, the first in the town. The third building was erected for a saloon by David H. Leeper, and stood on the east side of Main Street, between Second and Third Streets, on Lot 2, Block 7. Thomas Lane built the next on Main Street, between Second and Third, where Wolf's drug store now stands, and Hiram T. Elmore built on the southeast corner of Market and Third Streets where now stands the First National Bank. Either'Mr. Lane or Mr. Elmore was the first storekeeper in the place, and the other was the second. Judge Halliburton was the third, who sold to William Vanderpool, who was the fourth. Milton H. Williams was the fifth, keeping store in the log building erected by George L'vine. William A. Lane erected a frame store building on the northwest corner of Market and Third Streets in which H. T. McOlanahan and Thornton Eazley kept store, though the first frame building in the town was erected by Thomas Lane on Lot 2, Block 5. George W. Smith moved his frame house from the vicinity of Hill's Spring to the town, setting it where Buxton's store now stands, and where the jail was afterward erected, and A. L. Gilstrap commenced the erection of a frame house on the northwest corner of Market and Second Streets, which he sold to John Baldridge, Sr., who com- pleted it and built an addition thereto. The first blacksmith shop was opened by E. M. C. Morelock, and the second by Oliver H. Bennett ; the first shoe shop, by John T. Haycock, and the first tailor shop, by Joseph Terry Bradley. The first drug store was started by Joseph H. Halliburton, not long before the war, and the first regular physician to locate in the town was Dr. James E. Sands. The first carpenter to erect a frame building was John Beckett, of Linn County, who built George W. Smith's house near the spring, and the first good car- penter belonging in Sullivan County was John Montgomery. The STATE OF MISSOUEI. 157 first saddler in the town was "William H. Watson. The first brick building erected in Milan was the court-house, which was the only brick building here until after the war. The only brick residences so far built are those of Edward Ash, erected in 1869, and of John P. Butler, erected in 1878. The brick jail on the southeast corner of Main and Second Streets was built in 1869. The first brick store erected was the Craig building now owned by Payne & Son, in 1871. The First National Bank building, on the southeast corner of Market and Third Streets was erected in 1875. The Turner building, now occupied by Gevin's saloon, was erected in 1879 ; the Berg & Bloch building on the northeast cor- ner of Main and Third, which was destroyed by fire in May, 1887, was erected in 1879; Tripp's Opera House, in 1880; Hart & McCuUough's hardware store, in 1880; Dr. E. M. Busick's build- ing now occupied by J. Buxton, in 1880; E. Eitz's building, in 1882; Poole's first block, on the west side of Market Street, between Second and Third Streets, in 1882; the Halliburton building, occupied by J. H. Halliburton as a grocery, and by L. C. Wolf as a drug store, in 1882; and Poole's second block on the northwest corner of Market and Third Streets, in 1886. The above list includes all the brick buildings in Milan, except the school-house, which was erected in 1882. Incorporation. — Milan was incorporated by an act of the Legislature approved February 9, 1859. The act in part was as follows : Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri: Section 1. All that district of country within the following limits, the west half of Lot No. 1, of the northwest quarter, and the west half of the south- west quarter of Section No. 3, and Lot No. 1 of the northwest quarter of Section No. 3, in Township No. 63, Eange No. 30, making in all three-fourths of a square mile, shall be and the same is hereby incorporated, erected and established as a town, by the name of the town of Milan; and the inhabitants thereof shall be and hereby constitute a body politic and corporate by the name and style of the town of Milan, and by that name shall be known in law, and have perpet- ual succession, may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, defend and be defended in all courts of law and equity in all matters; and may purchase and hold property, real and personal, within the limits of the town, so much as shall be necessary for said town in the exercise of its corporate powers, and may leave, sell or dispose of the same, for the benefit of said town, and may have a common seal, and may change or alter the same. 158 HISTOET OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Sec. 3. The corporate duties and powers of said town shall be vested in a mayor and five councilmen, and such other officers as are hereinafter pro- vided for, etc. The mayor and councilmen were to hold their offices for one year. The council was to consist of the mayor and the five councilmen, the mayor to have no vote except in case of a tie. The following additional officers were provided for in the charter : Clerk, collector, marshal, treasurer and attorney. The following individuals were a portion pf those filling the various offices: E.. D. Morrison, mayor; aldermen, John Sorrell, William H. Wat- son, C. M. Freeman; clerk, Samuel W. Mellor; marshal, Ed- ward B. Bradburn; treasurer, Eeuben S. Strahan; attorney, James M. De France ; assessor, J. H. Halliburton ; weighmaster, William B. Morrison. The names of the other two aldermen could not be learned. During the second year under this char- ter, M. B. Witter served as mayor,* and about the time of the expiration of his term of office the Legislature repealed the char- ter of the town. The act repealing the charter was approved February 8, 1861, Section 2 providing that the road overseers of the various roads should extend their work to the center of the public square, and the allotting justices were to allot the per- sons living in said town the same as if the corporation had never existed. From this time until the May term of the county court, 1867, the town remained without any form of government, but at that term the court granted the petition of two-thirds of the tax- able inhabitants, and incorporated the town in the following lan- guage after two preambles setting forth the reasons for their action. " It is adjudged that said town of Milan meted and bounded as follows, to wit: The southeast quarter and Lot No. 1 of the northeast quarter of Section 2, also one acre off of the southwest quarter of Section No. 3, bounded as follows, viz. : commencing opposite the northeast corner of Lot No. 39, in Block No. 30, in said town ; thence south 14 rods; thence east 11^ rods; thence north 14 rods ; thence east 11^ rods to the place of beginning ; also 15 acres off the west side of the southwest quarter of Section No. 2, bounded as follows, to wit: Beginning at the southwest cor- * Mr. witter himself claims to have been the first mayor, but the weight of testimony is against him. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 159 ner of the west half of the southwest quarter of Section No. 2 ; thence east 20 rods ; thence north 88 rods ; thence west 20 rods ; thence south 88 rods to the beginning, all of the town meted and bounded as above being in Township No. 62, and Eange No. 20, be and the same is hereby declared incorporated within the metes and bounds above designated and set forth, and the inhabitants within such metes and bounds are declared to be a body corporate and politic by the name and style and description of the inhabi- tants of the town of Milan." And it was then also ordered "that Edward Ash, Solomon Poole, Abram Howe, C. A. Cooper and E. A. Trimble be and they are hereby appointed a board of trustees, in whom shall be vested the corporate powers of the incorporation under the name and style of the inhabitants of the town of Milan, and that the clerk notify each of the trustees of his appointment." The trustees thus appointed, not appreciating the dignity of their position or the value of their services to the public, never performed any of the duties which they would have had to per- form had they organized themselves into a board of trustees, and the town was without a corporation in fact until the May term of the county court, 1869, when an order incorporating the town and embracing the following territory was passed: The north- west quarter of the southeast quarter, and the north half of the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Township ■ 62, Eange 20, and 15 acres off the west side of the southeast quarter of Section 2, Township 62, Eange 20, and bounded as follows : beginning at the southwest corner of the west half of the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 62, Eange 20 ; thence east 20 rods, thence north 88 rods ; thence west 20 rods ; thence south 88 rods to the place of beginning, and one acre off of the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 62, Eange 20, bounded as follows: commencing opposite the northeast corner of Lot 3, Block 30, in Milan ; thence south 14 rods ; thence west 11^ rods ; thence north 14 rods ; thence east 11^ rods to the place of begin- ning. Thirty-six names were signed to this petition, and they being two-thirds of the taxable inhabitants of the town of Milan, their petition was granted, the town being once more incorporated by 160 HISTORY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. the name, style and description of the inhabitants of the town of Milan. The following gentlemen were appointed trustees of the town: Thomas J. Johnson, W. F. Wells, David Shearer, J. E. Nel- son and D. H. Orumpacker. This board of trustees organized by the election of Thomas J. Johnson, chairman, and appointed W. F. Wells, clerk; John 8. Hart, treasurer; Abram Howe, marshal; W. H. Craig, street commissioner, and J. 8. Graham, assessor. ,8ome of these officers served for a number of years, but, the records not having been fully preserved, a complete list can not well be given. The first meeting of which any records can be found was held on Tuesday, May 9, 1871, at which there were present J. E. Nelson, chairman, J. 8. Graham and W. H. Craig ; 8olomon Poole and D. H. Crumpacker being absent. It was ordered that in pursuance of an ordinance adopted July 16, 1869, there be a tax of 40 cents on $100 levied upon all property liable to taxation within the corporation, and the street commis- sioner was ordered to immediately construct crossings where there were none, and to repair sidewalks where it was necessary. Will- iam Smick was then appointed treasurer, John L. 8orrell, street commissioner; John M. Swallow, assessor, and A. C. Bubanks, attorney. Monday, March 4, 1872, a meeting was held at which the marshal, Thomas McNaught, was paid by warrant $7.22 for services. Thursday, June 20, 1872, the board of trustees elect held a meeting at the court-house at which there were present S. H. B. Cochrane, William Smick, William Koons, E. Ash and E. D. Morrison. The board being required to take the oath of office, Er. D. Morrison declined and refused to serve. The others being sworn elected 8. H. B. Cochrane, chairman, and appointed J. 8. Graham, clerk ; George Young, street commissioner ; W. H. Craig, assessor; 8. McGittigen, marshal, and Solomon Poole, treasurer. George Young resigned, and John T. Wright was appointed to fill the vacancy, and it was ordered that on Saturday, July 13, an election be held to fill the vacancy caused by the refusal of E. D. Morrison to serve, at which William Baas was elected. Sep- tember 16 Henry Stickler was appointed marshal, vice J. T. Wright, removed, and William Smick was appointed treasurer, vice Solomon Poole, declined. November 17 John P. Butler was STATE OF MISSOUEI. 161 appointed collector, vice Henry Stickler, resigned; and Mr. But- ler not serving, S. F. Harvey was appointed December 16. April 4, 1873, the trustees, J. E. Nelson, E. Ash, J. S. Graham and William Smick, organized by choosing J. E. Nelson chairman, and then W. H. Craig was appointed clerk ; J. H. Couch, marshal and collector ; D. H. prumpacker, treasurer ; D. S. Miller, attorney, and JohnT. Smith, assessor. On the 19th of May a levy was ordered of 50 cents on each $100 for street purposes. August 7, 1873, there were present J. E. Nelson, chairman ; William Smick, J. Q. Boner, J. S. Graham and Henry Crouch. November 27 Jacob Quigley was appointed marshal and street commissioner, vice J. H. Couch. As showing the financial resources of the town at that time the following settlement with J. H. Couch, collector, is ' introduced: Delinquent tax collected $30 17 Current tax collected 124 90 Fines collected 36 50 Licenses from swings and stalls 9 00 Stanley paid in. 5 00 Couch's tax 100 $196 57 CREDITS. Paid treasurer $37 00 Tax receipts 119 37 Tax receipts 1 15 Warrant to J. H. Couch 39 15 $196 57 March 30, 1874 the marshal's salary was fixed at $200. On May 18 Grandison Payne was appointed marshal vice Jacob Quigley. C. 0. Ash was appointed assessor. Thomas J. Turner, street commissioner, and L. T. Hatfield, attorney. At the elec- tion held June 3, 1874, Henry Boner, A. C. Eubanks, John L. Sorrell, Solomon Poole and S. H. B. Cochrane were elected trus- tees, but as these gentlemen failed to qualify an election was next held April 6, 1875, at which D. E. Shearer, Samuel W. Mellor, John M. Swallow, Solomon Poole and W. H. Craig were elected. John M. Swallow was chosen chairman; J. M. Hurley, clerk; Thomas Murto, street commissioner; J. E. Nelson, treasurer; George W. Butler, assessor; L. H. Brinkley, marshal, and L. 162 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. T. Hatfield, attorney. April 17, 1875, the city council of the town of Milan met, and besides other business fixed the bond of the collector at $500, and that of the town treasurer at the same amount. May 31, 1875, D. L. Miller was appointed attorney, and L. H. Brinkley, marshal. April 7, 1876, the new board met, con- sisting of W. H. Craig, Solomon Poole, W. H. Tripp and George W. Butler, the latter being chosen chairman. April 10, H. C. Durkey was appointed marshal ; Thomas Murto, street commis- sioner; D. P. Watson, clerk; April 26, Lucien Cover, assessor. October 16, 1876, John T. Wright was awarded the contract to build the calaboose for $92, and on November 6, Stephen S. Ford was appointed marshal, vice H. C. Durkey, and his bond fixed at $1,000. April 7, 1877, the board elect were Lucien Cover, chairman ; D. P. Watson, clerk ; W. H. Tripp, S. H. B. Cochrane, W. H. Craig and Solomon Poole. Thomas Murto was appointed street commissioner; D. E. Shearer, collector; George W. But- ler, marshal; J. H. B. Smith, assessor. At the meeting of the trustees held August 12, 1877, an ordi- nance was passed submitting to the inhabitants of the town of Milan a proposition to reorganize under the general law provid- ing for the incorporation of cities of the fourth class, as follows : An Okdinance Sdbmittinq a Proposition to Reorganize the Town of Milan, Under the General Law Entitling it to Become a City op THE Fourth Class. Whereas, It is believed that the citizens and legal voters of the town of Milan desire to reorganize said town, under and in conformity with the gene- ral law passed by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, at its last ses- sion, entitled "An Act for the Classification of Cities and Towns," so that said town of Milan may become a city of the fourth class thereunder. Section 1. Therefore, be it ordained by the Board of Trustees of the town of Milan, in Sullivan County, in the State of Missouri, that an election of the legal voters of said town of Milan be held at the Court-house, in said town of Milan, on the 4th day of September, 1877, for the purpose of taking the sense of the legal voters of said town, as to whether they will reorganize said town of Milan, under and by virtue of the act of the General Assembly of the Stats of Missouri, passed at its last session, entitled "An Act for the Classification of Cities and Towns," which proposition is hereby submitted to be voted on at said election. PROCLAMATION. Whereas, At a regular meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Inhabitants of the town of Milan, held on the 12th day of August, A. D. 1877, an ordinance STATE OF MIS80UEI. 168 or proposition wag passed submitting to the legal voters of said town, at an elec- tion called for that purpose, to be held on the 4th day of September, A. D. 1877, whether they would reorganize said town under and by virtue of an act of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, approved May 19, 1877, entitled "An Act for the Classification of Cities and Towns." And whereas a majority of the legal voters of said town voting at said election ratified said ordinance and proposition. Now, therefore, I, Lucien Cover, Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the inhabitants of the town of Milan, and ex officio mayor of said town, in pursu- ance of the premises, do declare that the ordinance and proposition, aforesaid, has been duly ratified, and said town is duly incorporated as a city of the fourth class, as provided by the act aforesaid. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. Done in the town of Milan, this 5th day of September, A. D. 1877. LuciBN Cover, Chairman of the Board of Trustees. An Oedinahcb Dividing The City Op Milan Into Wakds. Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Milan, aa follows: That the City of Milan is hereby divided into two wards, as follows: Ward number one shall be composed of all the territory in the city of Milan lying north of the center of Third Street. Ward number two shall be composed of all the territory in the City of Milan lying south of the center of Third Street. S. H. B. Cochkanb, Pres. Board Aldermen. Approved September 10, 1877. Ltjcibn Cover, Mayor. An Ordinance in Relation to Calling and Holding an Election to Ex- tend THE Corporate Limits of the City of Milan. Be it ordained by the Boa/rd of Aldermen of the City of Milan, as follows: Section 1. That an election be held in the City of Milan, on the 11th day of December, 1877, for the purpose of obtaining the consent of a majority of the legal voters of the City of Milan, voting at said election, to extend the corpor- ate limits of said City of Milan, so as to include within the corporate limits of said City of Milan, all the following described territory, to wit: The west half of section number two (3), and the east half of section number three (3), in township number sixty-two (63), of range number twenty (30), lying and being in the County of Sullivan, in the State of Missouri. Sec. 2. The Mayor of the said City of Milan is hereby directed and re- quired to give tweilty days' notice, by advertisement in one or both newspapers published in said city, to the legal voters of said city, to meet at their voting places in the respective wards, on the 11th day of December, 1877, and there hold an election for the purpose of voting on the proposition named in this ordinance. The election in ward number one of said city shall be held at the court-house in said ward, and the election in ward number two, shall be held at the hardware store of David E. Shearer, in said ward, on the said 11th day of December, 1877. 164 HISTORY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. Sue. 3. That A. C. Hill, G. W. Mowery and 8. H. B. Cochrane are hereby appointed judges of said election in and for ward number one in said city, and J. T. Payne, J. 8. Graham and D. E. Shearer are hereby appointed judges of said election in and for ward number two in said city. Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of said judges of election immediately there- after to make returns of the result of said election in their respective wards, with the poll-book and ballots cast thereon, to the Mayor and Board of Alder- men, of said city. Sec. 5. This ordinance to take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Passed November 6th, 1877. LtrciEN Cover, Approved November 6th, 1877. Pres't Boa/rd Aldermen. M. B. Witter, Mayor. ELECTION NOTICE. Notice is hereby given to the legal voters of the City of Milan, in Sullivan County, in the State of Missouri, that by virtue of an ordinance passed, adopted and approved by the Board of Aldermen of said city on the 6th day of Novem- ber, 1877, there will be an election held in the several wards of said city on the 11th day of December, 1877, for the purpose of obtaining the consent of a majority of the legal voters of said City of Milan, voting at said election, to extend the corporate limits of said City of Milan, so as to include within the corporate limits thereof, all the following described territory, to wit: The west half of section number two (2), and the east half of section number three (3), in township number sixty-two (63), of range number twenty (20), lying and being in the county and State above named. That said election in ward number one in said city, will be held at the court-house in said ward number one, and said election in ward two in said city, will be held at the hardware store of David E. Shearer, in said ward number two, on the said 11th day of December, 1877. That A. C. Hill, G. W. Mowery and S. H. B. Cochrane have been appointed judges of said election in and for said ward, of said city, and that Jordon T. Payne, Jas. Graham and David E Shearer have been appointed judges of said election in and for said ward of said city. . — — Given under my hand and oflScial seal this 13th day of No- ] SEAL. \ vember, 1877. M. B. "Witter, _^..__^ ' Mayor of the City of Milan. I, J. C. Kerby, do hereby certify that the foregoing notice was duly pub- lished in numbers 39, 40, 41 and 43, of Volume number 6, first insertion com- mencing November 16th, 1877, last insertion, December 7th, 1877. J. C. Kerby, Publisher. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 30th day of February, 1878. M. B. Witter, Justice of the Peace. An Ordinance Declaratory of the Extension of the Corporate Limits op the City of Milan. Whereas, By virtue of an ordinance entitled " an ordinance in relation to calling and holding an election to extend the corporate limits of the City of Milan," passed and approved, November 6th, 1877, calling an election to obtain STATE OF MISSOUEI. 165 the consent of a majority of the legal voters of said City of Milan, voting at said election, to extend the corporate limits of said City of Milan, so as to include within the corporate limits thereof all the following described territory, to wit: The west half of section number two (3), and the east half of section number three (3), in township number sixty- two (62), of range number twenty (30), lying and being in Sullivan County, Missouri, and Whekbas, By virtue of said ordinance and th e notice given by the Mayor of said city, there was an election held on the 11th day of December, 1877, at the voting places in the two several wards of said city in conformity to said ordinance and notice, and Whbkeas, At said election in ward number two, in said city, there were cast for the extension of the corporate limits of said city thirty-one votes, and against the said extension of the corporate limits of said city, two votes; and that at said election in ward number one, there were cast in favor of the extension of the corporate limits of said city twenty-one votes, and against the extension of the corporate limits of said city, one vote; Now Whbbbas, a majority of all the votes cast at said election being cast in favor of the proposition to extend the corporate limits of said City of Milan, therefore. Be it ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of Milan, as follows: Section 1. That the corporate limits of the City of Milan are extended so as to include the following described territory, to wit: The west half of section number two (3), and the east half of section number three (3), in township num- ber sixty-two (63), in range twenty (30), lying and being in Sullivan County, Missouri. Sec. 3. This ordinance to take effect from and after adoption. Passed December 17th, 1877. Lucibn Cover, President. Approved December 17th, 1877. . M. B. WiTTBK, Mayor. At the election held September 21, 1877, for mayor of the city of Milan, M. B. Witter received forty-five votes, to eleven cast for "William Koons ; George W. Butler received fifty- seven votes for marshal, W. H. Tripp and C. H. Downtain were elected alderman from the First "Ward, and Lncien Cover and D. H. Crumpacker, from the Second "Ward. On the 27th of Sep- tember D. P. "Watson was appointed clerk; Ernest Ritz, treas- urer; G. "W. Mowry, collecter; Thomas McNaught, street com- missioner, and A. C. Eubanks, attorney. The several bonds of the treasurer, collector and marshal were fixed at not less than $500, nor more than $2,000; at the same meeting Lucien Cover was elected president of the board of aldermen. Since then the following have been the officers of corpora- tion: Mayor— "W. B. "Witter, 1878 to 1882; "W. F. Calfee, 1882 to October 5, 1886, when the mayor's office was declared vacant on 166 HISTORY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. account of Mr. Calfee's removal from tlie town, and the aldermen elected Joseph W. Ohilders, mayor, who served until March 4, 1887, when he resigned, and on April 5, 1887, the present incumbent, Nathan Harty, was elected. Aldermen— First Ward: 1878, W. H. Tripp and 0. H. Downtain; 1879, C. H. Downtain; 1880, "W. H. Tripp; 1881, C. H. Downtain; 1882, Thomas McNaught; 1883, C. H. Downtain; 1884, Thomas McNaught and N. J. Winters, to fill a vacancy; 1885, N. J. Winters; 1886, Thomas McNaught; 1877, J. N. Baldridge. Second Ward: 1878, Lucien Cover and D. H. Crum- packer; 1879, D. H. Orumpacker; 1880, D. H. Crumpacker, and W. H. Oraig; 1881, D. E. Shearer; 1882, Warren McCuUough; 1883, D. E. Shearer; 1884, Warren McCuUough; 1885, James Morris; 1886, Warren McCuUough and Caleb Payne to fill a vacancy; 1887, E. Ash. Marshals— 1878, W. B. Turner; 1880, D. P. Watson; 1882, James W. Parrish, resigned in 1883, and Daniel Statesel was appointed to fill the vacancy; 1884, Daniel Statesel; 1886, Benjamin High, and later John Simmons, who was removed, and in 1887, William N. Matthews. CoUeQtors— 1878, G. W. Mowry; 1879, J. J. Smith; 1880, J. J. Smith; 1881, J. A. McDoweU ; 1882, William McKean vice McDoweU (deceased); 1883, John T. Wright; 1884, William McClanahan; 1886, John Simmons. Clerks— 1878, D. P. Watson; 1880, D. L. Miller; 1881, E. M. Lunwell; 1882, William McKean; 1883 and 1884, John M. Swallow; 1885 and 1886, N. J. Winters; 1887, Warren McCuUough. Treasurers— 1878, W. H. Craig; 1880, 1882 and 1884, John S. Hart; 1886, J. E. Nelson. Attorneys— 1878, A. C. Eubanks; 1879, D. L. MiUer; 1880, D. L. Miller; 1881, W. F. Calfee; 1882, WiUiam McKean; 1883, John M. Swallow; 1884, John M. Swallow. Street Commissioners — 1878, Thomas McNaught; 1879, J. J. Smith; 1880, John McDoweU; 1881, C. Guinn; 1882, George W. Butler; 1883, James St. Clair; then Daniel Statesel; 1886, John Simmons; 1887, Cornelius Baas. w i t' J. M. Sti\iHsei\. suumn CO. MO. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 169 Secret Organizations. — Milan Lodge, No. 83, 1. O. O. F., was organized February 22, 1855, and a charter was granted May 17, 1855. The charter members and charter officers were: Owen Wilson, N. G. ; Westley Halliburton, V. G. ; D. J. Baldridge, Treasurer ; Eobert Hoyee and L. W. Long. John Frankling was Secretary. The lodge was kept up until the breaking out of the war, when it went down, but it was reorganized April 8, 1873, under the old charter, with five members, viz.: Owen Wilson, N. G. ; Wilson Boyd, V. G. ; Jacob Quigley, Treasurer ; O. P. Phillips and S. H. B. Cochrane. J. B. Ward was Secretary. The lodge met in Masonic Hall four years, and from the end of that time on until the fire of May 12, 1887, in the Henry build- ing, since which date they have met in the Busick building. The present officers are L. 0. Wolf, N. G. ; J. J. Smith, V. G. ; N. J. Winters, Secretary, and W. J. Dennis, Treasurer. The lodge is now in a very flourishing condition. Seaman Lodge, No. 120, A. F. & A. M., was organized under dispensation in 1857, with twelve members, and was chartered in May, 1858, with fifteen members. Following are the names of the members and officers under dispensation and charter, the last three being those added to the original number under dispensa- tion: Jacamiah Seaman, W. M.; William Shaw, S. W. ; James Connelly, J. W. ; B. D. Morrison, Sec. ; John Creek, Treas. ; William H. Watson, Thomas Lane, John McCullough, H. T. McClanahan, Samuel Biddison, Allen Gillespie, Joel De Witt, William B. Morrison, John C. Hutchinson and G. D. Burgess. This lodge for about a year met in Odd Fellows Hall, when they erected a hall of their own, the upper story of the building, of which the lower story was occupied as the land office. They moved to their new hall in November, 1858, where they remained until 1879 or 1880, then moving into the brick building which was burned down May 12, 1887, after which they moved to a room over the rear of Hart & McCuUough's hardware store, occupied previous to that time by the Milan Republican. The present officers of this lodge > are D. M. Wilson, W. M.; W. H. Emberton, S. W. ; William Cochrane, J. W. ; William McClana- han, Sec, and G. W. Emberton, Treas. 170 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Morris Lodge No. 110, A. O. U. W., was organized February 24, 1879, with twenty-two members. The first officers were A, C. Eubanks, P. M. W. ; John P. Butler, M. W. ; William Witter G. P.; D. P. Watson, O. ; J. C. McCoy,' Recorder ; James Morris Financier; J). E. Shearer, Receiver; G. W. Meals, Guide; T. J. Turner, I. W. ; P. B. Hughes, O. W. Trustees— J. H. Hallibur- ton, six months; D. Devecmon, twelve months; E. E. Beazley, eighteen months. T. P. Owens, Medical Examiner. The lodge now has forty-six members, and the following officers: J. H. Halliburton, M. W. ; SimoU .Bloch, G. F. ; N. J. Winters, O. ; William McClanahan, Eecorder; D. Devecmon, Financier; J. C. McCoy, Eeceiver; W. J. Dennis, Guide; L. Cover, I. W. ; vacant. O. W. Trustees— J. H. Halliburton, W. F. Calfee and N. J. Winters; Medical Examiner, William Witter. The object of the lodge is beneficiary. Since its organization the cost to each member per year has been $8 per $1,000 on assessments. Milan Chapter, No, 103, E. A. M. was instituted December 14, 1882, with fifteen members, and chartered June 11, 1884, with twenty-nine members. The first officers were James A. Niblo, H. P. ; James Morris, K. ; Addison Payne, S. ; E. Ash, Treas. ; D. M. Wilson, Sec. ; William Witter, C. H. ; J. C. McCoy, P. S. ; William McClanahan, E. A. C. ; J. H. B. Smith, G. M. 3d V. ; Eeuben Payne, G. M. 2d V., and W. H. Emberton, G. M. 1st V. The present membership is fifty-eight, and the present officers are William Witter, H. P. ; Jefferson Swanger, K. ; Will- iam H. Emberton, S. ; J. C. McCoy, Treas.; D. H. Sholtus, Sec. ; J. A. Niblo, C. H. ; D. M. Wilson, P. S. ; William McClan- ahan, E. A. C; S. C. Hutchinson, G. M., 3d V.; L. C. Wolf, G, M., 2d V. and I. Ware, G. M. 1st V. Meetings are held on the second Saturday of each month. McOxdlough Post No. 44, G. A. E., was organized November 13, 1882, with twenty-three members, and mustered by J. S. Davis. The first officers were S. C. Hutchinson, Com. ; I. G, White, S. V. C. ; Mark O. Thompson, J. V. 0. ; James Cronover, O. D. ; E. W. Slack, Adjt. ; W. H. Tripp, Q. M. ; Jacob Shake, O. G.; J. S. Davis; S. M., and John T. Wright, Chaplain. The present membership of the post is seventy-five, and the present officers are as follows: S. C. Hutchinson, Com. ; Hannibal Fox, STATE OF MISSOUEI. 171 S. V. C. ; J. J. Smith, J. V. 0. ; George Biggen, O. D. ; E. W. Slack, Adjt. ; W. H. Tripp, Q. M. ; , O. G. ; Charles Guinn, S. M. ; O. H. Albright, Chaplain. The post always met in Odd Fellow's Hall, in the Henry building, up to the fire of May 12, 1887, since which time it has met in Tripp's Hall. Milan Assembly, No. 9779, K. of L., was organized in April, 1887, with twenty-three members, and the following officers : A. J. E. Niblo, M. W. ; E. G. Kern, W. F. ; D. E. Shultz, V. 8. ; N. W. Mathews, E. S.;W. E. Hutchison, F. S.;W. W. Hodge, Stat.; A. McCrone, Treas. ; James Moran, N. K. ; John Simmons, Ins. ; O. B. Myers, I. E. ; James Kelley, O. E. The present member- ship is seventy-two, and the present officers are O. F. Hutchison, M. W.; E. G. Kern, W. F.; D. E. Shultz, V. S.; W. W. Hodge, E. S. ; W. E. Hutchison, F. S. ; H. Greer, Stat. ; H. T. Knight, Treas. Milan Lodge, No. 82, K. of L. was organized February 28, 1883, with twenty-two members, and the following officers: E. N. Edwards, District Deputy; O. F. Hutchison, 0. C; E. N. Edwards, P. C. ; W. H. Tripp, V. C. ; S. F. Lynn, P. ; C. H. Downtain, K. of E. and S. ; E. Eitz, M. of E. The present mem- bership is about fifty, and the officers are O. F. Hutchison, D. D. ; I. E. Donoho, C. C. ; John McClanahan, P. C. ; E. B. Lane, T. C. ; W. E. Hutchison, P. ; W. H. Tripp, K. of E. and S. ; S. C. Hutchison, M. of E. ; A. C. Eubanks, M. of F. I. G. ; E. A. Hutchison, 0. G. This lodge meets on Wednesday even- ings, and is in an, excellent condition. The Sons of Veterans were organized April 30, 1887, with twenty members, and the following officers: D. M. "Wilson, Capt. ; W. Smith, First Lieut. ; W. A. Hutchison, Second Lieut. ; James Clark, Chap. ; D. H. Sholtus, First Sergt. ; E. B. Lane, Q. M. S. ; E. A. Hutchison, S. G. ; Joseph Smith, C. S. ; John High, Corp. G. ; Charles Tallman, Camp. G. ; W. N. Matthews, Picket Guard. This society meets twice each month, on the Friday on or before the full moon, and two weeks thereafter. The Women's Christian Temperance Union was organized January 2, 1887, with the following officers: Mrs. Martha Doran, president; Mrs. L. M. Bass, vice-president; Mrs. Julia, 172 HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. Tice-president from Methodist Episcopal Church ; Mrs. Mary L. Buckston, vice-president Methodist Episcopal Church South; Mrs. Amanda Watt, vice-president Christian Church ; Mrs. Alice Hatfield, vice-president Presbyterian Church; Mrs. Mary Eoe, vice-president Baptist Church; Mrs. Alice Winters, vice-presi- dent Catholic Church; Mrs. Agnes Cover, treasurer; Mrs. Clara E. Ware, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Amanda Watt, record- ing secretary. Committee on Literature — Mrs. Hatfield and Mrs. Devecmon. Committee on scientific instructions in the schools — Mrs. Warren McCuUough. At the election of May 17, 1887, the office of the general vice-president was abolished, and the same officers as above were elected with the exception of the following: Mrs. Cover was elected treasurer; Mrs. Susan Pitman, corresJ)onding secretary and Miss Nova Lucile Hughes, recording secretary. The membership now is thirty -two, and five honorary members. The union meets every Tuesday evening. Banking. — In 1874 J. M. Hurley erected the present brick building of the First National Bank on the southwest corner of the public square, and began a private banking business in the spring of 1875, in which he was president, secretary, and cashier. In September, 1876, he sold out to L. T. Hatfield, H. T. Knight and Warren McCuUough, who continued the bank- ing business under the firm name of Hatfield, Knight & McCul- lough, with Hatfield, president, Gibson McKinney and J. C. McCoy, cashiers, until February 1, 1884, when the First National Bank was organized as the successor of the old firm. The capi- tal stock was $75,000, and the stockholders were as follows: Warren McCuUough, A. W. Harris, A. Payne, D. Kyan, E. Ash, E. S. Lowry, G. W. A. Preston, N. J. Winters, John M. Swal- low, B. Bowen, L. T. Hatfield, W. F. Evans, G. W. Hughes and W. Bradley. L. T. Hatfield was chosen president; W. Bradley, vice-president; J. C. McCoy, cashier, and W. F. Evans, assistant cashier. Mr. Evans resigned at the end of one year to practice law, since which time there has been no assistant cashier. On May 14, 1887, the bank was robbed of $12,599 in cur- rency, and on May 19, 1887, Mr. Hatfield tendered his resig- nation as president, which was accepted May 30. Edward Ash STATE OF MISSOUEI. 173 was tlien elected to fill the vacancy. The money stolen in no way impaired the solvency of the bank, and in a few days it was recovered, and the discovery was made that Mr. Hatfield had abstracted the money, while president, to meet his own personal obligations, and in the meantime departed for parts unknown. According to the latest report of the condition of this bank made October 5, 1887, its loans and discounts amounted to $115,914.15; and its total resources to $180,924.62. Its capital stock paid in was $75,000; surplus fund, $4,589.26; and undi- vided profits, $9,729.17. The Newspapers. — The Sullivan Standard was established in February, 1872, by a stock company, there being thirty-two shares of stock, each share worth $25. The material was pur- chased in St. Louis by L. B. Brown, and shipped to Ash, Craig & Nelson. Mr. Brown was editor during the first few weeks of its existence, when M. F. Lo. Eentz became both proprietor and editor, so continuing until May 28, 1875, when he sold to Kirby cfe Smith. In a few months Smith sold his interest to Kirby, who, in 1878, sold to the present proprietor, Lucien Cover. The paper has been of varying sizes, and has been a portion of the time all home print; but the last ten or twelve years it has been a seven-column folio, half ready print. It has always been Democratic, and now favors prohibition. The office was burned in 1884, all the material being destroyed, but the books were saved. Mr. Cover immediately bought the Free Press, and issued the Standard regularly without missing an issue. The Milan Republican was established February 19, 1875, by Pickler & Frederick, who ran it until August, 1876, when D. M. Puterbaugh bought a half interest, and the firm became Pickler & Puterbaugh, when the paper was enlarged from a seven-column to an eight-column folio. E. M. Pickler retired in December, 1878, and D. M. Puterbaugh managed the paper alone until October, 1879, when G. W. Meals became part owner. C. W. Summers bought Mr. Puterbaugh's interest in July, 1880, and Meals & Summers ran the paper until January, 1881, when Oi F. Hutchison bought out Mr. Meals. Mr. Hutchison became sole owner May, 6, 1881, and conducted it until June 3, 1881, 174 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. when Mr. Puterbaugli returned to the proprietorship with G. P. Hurst as assistant editor and business manager. Mr. Hiirst retired March 17, 1882, and on April 28, J. J. Fegtly became half owner, but retired October 20, 1882. The Milan Publishing Company, consisting of Dr. O. 0. Denslowand J. J. H. "E. McPher- son, each of whom purchased a fourth interest, and D. M. Puter- baugh, began the publication of the paper February 24, 1884, and sold out to George N. Stille May 19, 1884. Mr. Stille increased the size of the paper to a five-column quarto, January 1, 1885, and continued to edit the paper until November 13, 1886, when the present proprietors, Ware & Cochrane, became the editors and publishers, Mr. Stille, however, having changed the form back to an eight-column folio, September 2, 1886. The Bepuhlican is, and always has been, strongly and consistently Kepublican in politics. The Post-office. — At the time of the organization of the county the nearest postofiB.ce was at Linneus, Linn County, twenty-five miles distant from Milan. But three newspapers were then taken in the county, viz. : The Metropolitan^ by E. M. 0. More- lock; the Congressional Qlohe, by Jacamiah Seaman, and the Louisville Journal, by Armstead C. Hill. In the spring of 1846 the inhabitants of Milan succeeded in having a post-ofi&ce estab- lished near the county seat, which was named Pharsalia, and a mail route, once a week each way from Linneus, was also estab- lished from Pharsalia to Linneus. Esom Hannon was the first postmaster, and it was his custom to visit on Saturday some one of the various justice courts in the county, and carry the mail for that portion of the county in his hat. The name Pharsalia continued to attach to the post-ofi&ce until 1848, previous to which time Mr. Hannon had been superseded by Stephen G. Watkins, John L. Matthews and Thomas Lane, the latter gentleman, who is still living in Milan, holding the oflice until 1851, when he was followed in the ofiSce by Allen Gillespie. H. T. MoClanahan became postmaster in March, 1855, serving six months ; William A. Lane, in September, 1855; Eeuben S. Strahan, in 1861; David Waterfield, in 1863; M. E. M. Witter, in 1865; James S. Graham, 1867; Owen Wilson, April, 1869; L. T. Hatfield, STATE OF MISSOURI. 175 NoTember 1, 1874; H. E. Frederick, May, 1875; Henry Boner, November, 1875; D. Devecmon, October, 1883 and S. M. Grigsby, September 2, 1885. Business Men of Milan. — Following is a, list of the business men of Milan in 1875: Grocers, etc., Solomon Poole, Wright & Crouch, William Smick, E. Eitze ; hardware and agricultural im- plements, Wolf & Hart, Abram Howe; dry goods, etc., Berg & Bloch ; wagon-maker, John High ; drug stores, J. S. Graham and E. Eitze; boots and shoes, Henry Baas, W. S. Barnett; pho- tographer, J. M. Cronover; saddles, harness, etc., J. T. Eeid; furniture, William Baas; blacksmith, W. J. Dennis; sewing ma- chine agents, Stanley & Wilson; bankers, J. M. Hurley & Co. Present Business. — The present business firms and individuals with the respective dates of their commencing business in Milan are as follows: Groceries and queensware — A. S. McDuff who commenced in 1859, the firm being A. S. McDuff & Co., up to 1865, since which time it has been A. S. McDuff. Groceries and provisions — William Smick, 1870; J. H. Halliburton, 1877; Jacob Schneider, 1880; G. H. Sheckells, 1882; J. L. Sayre, in 1884 Groceries, boots and shoes, hats and caps, etc. — Solomon Poole, April, 1869; A. Payne & Son, 1883. Groceries and drugs — E. Eitze ; the grocery department, February, 1869, drugs in 1872. Dry goods, etc. — " The- New York Store," M. L. Brede commenced in 1887 as the successor of Simon Bloch who commenced in 1873; J. H. Halli- burton who came to Milan in 1850, opened a saddle and harness shop in 1855, sold out, and in 1857 opened a drug store, and in 1858 added a grocery department, selling both out in 1862, and started his present dry goods store in 1877 ; A. P. Miller, 1881 ; Daniel Baum in . Drug stores — J. E. Nelson, 1866, the firm having experienced numerous changes; L. C. Wolf, 1886, as the successor to Isaac Guinn who commenced in 1873, and Ward & Poole, 1886. Hardware, stoves and tinware, agricultural imple- ments, etc. — D. E. Shearer, 1866; Warren McOullough, store established in 1872, and after various changes in the firm is now owned by Warren McCuUough. Harness, saddles, agricultural implements and seeds — P. B. Hughes, 1875; O, B. Myers, 1887, 176 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. as the successor of B. D. Myers, wlio started his harness and saddle shop in 1885, and turned it over to his son in 1887, retain- ing his boot and shoe shop which he started in 1880. Black- smiths — W. J. Dennis, 1856; McClaskey Bros., 1880. General store — J. Buxton,1877. Millinery andnotions — S. E. "Wales, 1885. Milan Marble Works, started in 1882 by Niblo & Stevenson, taken in 1883 by James A. Niblo. Lumber and all kinds of build- ing material — H. O. Knight, 1881. Insurance and abstracts — N. J. Winters. Surgeons and Physicians. — The United States Board of Pen- sion Surgeons was organized in April, 1886. The board consists of Dr. W. M. L. Witter, president; Dr. J. Allen Henry, treasurer; and Dr. H. A. Schooling, secretary. The board has examined 363 applications. Physicians in Milan at the present time are as follows: J. Ben. Ward, located here in 1867; Hannibal Fox (dentist), in 1869; W. M. L. Witter, 1874; H. A. Schooling, 1883; J. 0. Kessinger, 1883; J. B. Baker, 1886; and Dr. Henry, 1887. The City Mills are owned by G. C. Hutchison, and are situ- ated near the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway depot. They were originally built near Scottsville in 1868, and moved to Milan in the spring of 1880. They consisted of a saw-mill and grist-mill, the latter having two run of buhrs, one for wheat the other for corn. The wheat buhrs were capable of grinding eighty bushels per day, and the corn buhrs 200, and the saw-mill a capacity of 5,000 feet of lumber per day. In 1887 two extra run of buhrs were put in, another bolt, purifier and cleaning machin- ery, and the capacity of the grist-mill thereby doubled. The building is a frame one, two and a half stories high, 36x40 feet, with an addition 14x40 feet. The steam engine is of thirty-five horse-power. The entire establishment including the land is worth somewhat over $6,000. The Milan Wagon Manufactory was started in 1881 by Roe & Torrey, as a wagon manufactory and general blacksmith shop. The vehicles made were and are lumber wagons, spring wagons and buggies, of which in the aggregate the firm turned out about fifty each year. On May 2, 1887, they dissolved partnership, Mr. STATE OF MISSOURI. i 177 Eoe (A. L. ) retaining tlie wagon department and Mr. Torrey the blacksmithing. The Mineral Spring owned by B. F. Haupt, ■ was drilled in 1884. The object in the beginning was to find lead, which was obtained at the depth of sixty feet, but not in paying quantities ; at the depth of ninety feet a seam of coal about four inches thick was found, but as this was too thin to pay for mining, the drill was driven on in search of another vein; at the depth of 137 feet water was struck, and the drilling ceased at the depth of 143 feet. The water possesses valuable medicinal properties, being composed, according to an approximate analysis by a couple of doc- tors of Kirksville, largely of sodium, the chloride of sodium, the sulphate of lime, the carbonate of lime and magnesium. The Stanley House is an outgrowth of the first house of enter- tainment started in Milan. Owen Wilson opened a hotel in April, 1852, called the Milan Hotel, and continued to run it eight years, after which John Boyd ran it about a year and was followed by Jacob Hess, who ran it until 1866, when the building was burned down. Mr. Hess replaced the log building with a two-story frame, which was some time afterward purchased by Capt. J. M. Stanley, since which time it has been known as the Stanley House. Capt. Stanley rented the building for hotel pur- poses to Henry Stickler, now of Green City, being succeeded by George Young, who kept it a year or two and gave way to William Koons, who was followed by William Leighton; he remained two or three years, and was succeeded by Mrs. Mowry. Thomas J. Turner was the next proprietor, and was followed by Abraham Sechrist, who remained as proprietor about four years. J. H. B. Smith then took charge, and ran it some time. After the fire in 1885 a store building on Third Street below Main was fitted up and used as a hotel until the fire of May 12, 1887, when it was burned down. J. K. Such had been running it from September, 1883, when he succeeded Mr. Smith. The hotel has not been rebuilt. The Pacific Hotel, located between the two railway depots, was erected in 1882 by Mr. Catterson. It is a two-story frame and cost about $1,500. After a few changes of proprietors the 178 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTI. present one, Mr. J. Warner, took charge in October, 1886. Its convenient location ouglit to bring it considerable transient trade. The Orumpacker Hotel was started by D. H. Orumpacker January 1, 1867. It stands at the corner of Broadway and Fourth, a very pleasant location. Mr. Orumpacker continued to conduct the hotel until 1881, when he closed it to the public, but after the fire of May 12, 1887, which destroyed the Stanley House, he reopened it, and at the present "time it receives its full share of public patronage. The Pennsylvania House was built by William Koons in 1876, he having been proprietor of the Stanley House during the years 1873, 1874 and 1875. A few boarders were kept at the Pennsyl- vania 'House from 1876 to 1880, and in this latter year it was regularly opened as a hotel. The Oommercial House was opened to the traveling public July 17, 1887, by John T. Wright, who since 1877 has kept a restaurant in Milan. The Oommercial House is in Wright & Baldridge's building on the west side of the public square. The Big Fire. — The fire which occurred in Milan, May 12, 1887, has been frequently referred to. It is believed to have been of incendiary origin, but no legal proof of this supposed fact has been elicited. It was very destructivOj consuming wholly or in part the Stanley House, the large block on the corner of First and Main Streets, the jail and a livery stable. The insur- ance on the jail was recovered in September, 1887, and the build- ing repaired at a cost of about $2,100. J. H. Halliburton, in the fall of 1887, erected an almost entirely new block on the ruins of the one above mentioned as destroyed. This new block is of brick, two stories high above a capacious basement, and contains three stores in the first story, and a large hall and several offices in th& upper story. Its cost was about |10,000, and it is a great improvement on its predecessor. The livery stable and the Stan- ley House have not yet been rebuilt. ScoUsville. — This is the second oldest town in the county, and as was not the case with Milan, its plat was filed and recorded. Following is the description of the plat: ' STATE OF MI8S0UEI. 179 Know all men by these presents, that I, Milton H. Williams, of Sullivan County, have caused to be surveyed and laid off, a certain town on the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 13, Township 61, Range 21, of which the above is a correct plat, which town is to be known and called by the name of Scottsville, having as its beginning at its southwest corner, which is situated north 35°, east 9 chains 73J links from a hickory fourteen inches in diameter, standing and growing in the northeast corner of the northwest quarter of Sec- tion No. 24, same township and range, it being a witness tree to the half mile corner on the section line between Sections 13 and 14; said town running north 11° west, being run on a variation of 9° 30', 590 feet; thence north 79°, east 630 feet; thence south 11° east 590 feet, and thence south 79°, west 630 feet to the beginning; and in said town I have caused to be laid off and set apart for public uses the following streets and alleys, to wit: On the side of said town parallel with, and the whole length of the town, Broadway Street 60 feet wide running from south to north, parallel with the town the whole length thereof; East Street 45 feet wide, on the east side of said town, running parallel with and the whole length thereof; Buena Vista Street 45 feet wide, running from west to east along the north side of the town and parallel therewith to East Street; Taylor Street 45 feet wide, running from West Street to East Street, parallel with the town, the south side of Taylor Street being 250 feet northward from the south line of the town; Cerro Gordo Alley running. parallel with the town from West Street to East Street, being ten feet wide, and passing through the center of Blocks 1 and 3; Doniphan Alley running parallel with the town from West Street to East Street, being ten feet wide, ahd passing through the center of Blocks 8 and 4. Given under my hand and seal this 2d day of July, 1847. Milton H. Williams. Additions to this town plat were afterward made by Isaac Keller, and by J. C. Jobnson. The first merchant in Scottsville was Washington Weathers, who opened a dry goods store in 1847. The next was the firm of Milton H. Williams & Son. A Mr. McCormack opened a store about 1850, and continued about three years. Young Biswell sold dry goods, and also kept a " grocery " in connection with his dry goods store, commencing in about 1855. George Smith kept a store from 1855 to 1867. Dan Eansom sold whisky and dry goods for some time, but closed out his business in 1877 or 1878. Among the other mer- chants of Scottsville were Tyer, Bagwell and Tunnell. This was once a prosperous town, having had at one time as many as seven stores, all doing a good business. At the present time ( October, 1887, ) there are two stores, one kept by Hugh 0. Warren & Son, and W. W. Ireland, the latter opened during the present month. The blacksmiths in Scottsville have been first, for a short time, a man named Summers, and then Arch. Parish, who commenced 180 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. in 1865, and who together with his son is still in the trade. The postmasters have been first Henry Bagwell, a short time before the war; Arch. Parish, appointed in 1866, and Hugh 0. Warren, Jr., who was appointed in the fall of 1887. The population of the town now consists of ten or eleven families, aggregating about fifty people. It is stated that the first man to settle on the site of the town in 1840 was Jack Arnold, who built a pole cabin, in which he kept a " wet grocery," and sold whisky watered to such an extent that " it had not enough spirits in it to kill the wiggle tails." Beside the two stores and blacksmith shop there is a district school and church building, with a Masonic hall in the upper story. Greencastle and Vicinity. — Greencastle is situated on the ■Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eailway, fourteen miles east of Milan. The proprietors of the original town were Victor Doze, I. E. Wood and M. P. Wood, his wife, E. E. Prindle and Marion Over- street. It was surveyed March 12, 1857, the original town con- iaining six blocks and two half blocks, eight lots to the block, each lot 60x120 feet in size ; the streets running east and west were Front, Union and Walnut; those running north and south were Broadway, Chestnut, Urvin and George. Cassady, Owings and Johnson's addition was made January 24, 1860, and consisted of four and one-half blocks, with an aggregate of forty-six lots. Prindle's addition was made April 10, 1858, and consisted of four blocks or eight lots, each 60x120 feet. Prindle's second addition was made June 7, 1880, and T. H. Dorsey's addition was made in May, 1882. The first house built on the present site of Greencastle was a double log building, by Marion Sanders, about 1853. It was afterward occupied by I. E. Wood, and is still standing in the «ast part of the town. The post-office was established in 1857, I. E. Wood being the first postmaster, keeping the post-office in the above-mentioned double log house. The first business house was built a short time after by E. S. Thompson, who carried on a general store for several years. T. C. Harris built the grist- mill about 1879. In 1881 it was purchased by J. L. White, who has since enlarged and remodeled it and put in the new roller STATE OF MISSOUBI. 181 system. The creamery was established in 1885 by J. A. Green, who ran it until December, 1886, when it was purchased by Crawford & , its present owners. The product of the cream- ery is about 1,500 pounds of butter per week. In 1881 W. T. Graves founded the Greencastle Independent, a weekly six-column folio newspaper, half ready print, which was transferred to Dr. W. L. Taylor and F. P. Murray in 1883. After about two years Dr. Taylor withdrew, and Mr. Murray has since been sole editor and publisher. While under the owner- ship of Taylor & Murray the Independent was enlarged to a seven-column folio, its present size. The following is a summary of the business interests of Greencastle as they are at the present time: Four dry good stores, two drug stores, two hardware stores, two restaurant and grocery stores, one barber shop, one meat market, three black- smith shops, one harness shop, one 5, 10 and 25 cent counter, two millinery stores, two liveries, one flouring-mill one lumber yard, one creamery, three hotels ; and the professional interests by three physicians, one notary public, two church organizations — Methodist Episcopal and Methodist Episcopal South, and one school; Mr. Jones is the present postmaster. The first saw-mill in Penn Township was built by Joel C. Hill and Davis "W. Johnson, and it was located in what is now Judge Boynton's dooryard. It was run by horse power, a sweep, but was not a success. It was started about 1856, and soon was moved to Job's Creek about one-half mile northeast of Greencastle, where it was undertaken to run it with a circular tread power, which likewise in due time proved a failure. The pro- prietors afterward attached a steam engine which proved a suc- cessful motor. In 1857 one Antonio F. Eosette, familiarly known as the " little Frenchman," came from Philadelphia, and in company with Davis W. Johnson established a cheese factory on Job's Creek, and after running it about one year moved it to the farm now owned by Alexander Bailey, near Greencastle, where they remained two seasons, when they removed to about five miles southeast of Greencastle. Here Eosette remained until 1865, 182 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. when the enterprise came to an end. Rosette lived alone, and during the winter of 1865-66, was taken ill, and as he gradually grew worse, and fearing no assistance would come, he determined to mate his way if possible to one of the neighbors. He finally approached Jack Willougby's house, by whom he was heard moaning, and by whose family he was cared for as well as cir- cumstances would permit, but soon expired. In 1866 "William E. Marine established a nursery just east of town, on the Marine farm, which he ran until the time of his death in, perhaps, 1876. It supplied the surrounding country with all the common varieties of fruit trees, etc. The first grist- mill run by horse power in this township was built in 1857 by E. H. B. Terry, two miles west of [Greencastle. The depot in Greencastle was built in 1883. The cemetery was laid off in 1857. It consisted of two acres of land, deeded by H. S. Crump to William Braden, C. L. Rose and Sumner Boynton, as trustees. The first person buried therein was Miss Nellie Buffington. Greencastle was incorporated August 8, 1881, upon the peti- tion of W. W. Shearer, William Brantner, G. B. Burton, and others to the number of sixty-three. Trustees were appointed as follows : William Brantner, Charles Hart,' W. L. Taylor, G. B. Burton and H. T. Jones; J. E. Shearer was appointed clerk, and he has continued to hold the oifice ever since. The present board of trustees is as follows: Col. O. P. Phillips, Dr. T. H. B. Schooling, Melvin Astroth, William Hart and T. H. Dorsey. Kiddville. — This village is situated in Sections 13 and 24, in Township 63, Range 19. The town contains twelve blocks, each twelve rods square, and six streets each four rods wide. The streets running east and west are forty-eight rods long, and those running north and south are sixty rods long. Those running east and west ai'e named Whig, Gideon and Liberty, and those running north and south. West, Selex and Jackson. The survey of the town was made by Wilson Baldridge, in March, 1854. This town, previous to the building of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad, had two or three stores and a population of twenty or thirty people, but when Green City sprang up on the railroad most of the town was moved to the latter place. A few STATE OF MISSOUEI. 183 families still live at what was once Kiddville, but which is now in cultivated farms, Wintersville. — This place was surveyed for the proprietor, J. N. Winters, April 23, 1857. The town plat contains eight blocks, and the southwest corner of Block 6 is 8 chains and 55^ links from the southwest corner of Section 12, Township 63, Eange 22. Mr. Winters started a store here about the time the town was laid off, and ran it about fifteen years. S. W. Mellor kept a general store from about 1858 to 1873, when he moved to Milan, holding the ofl&ce of postmaster most of the time of his residence in Wintersville. Dr. Terry Jones practiced lAedicine for a number of years, and then kept a drug store for some time. He is still a resident of the town, but is now only practicing medicine. E. L. Webb and Anthony Muck were blacksmiths in this town for a number of years, both before and after the war, and Isaac Brow ran a carding machine there for some years. When Wintersville was the largest it had a population of about 150, some of whom have recently moved to the new town of Harris, on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad. At , the present time Higgins & Parkhurst run a dry goods store, William Cutsinger, a grocery store, and John Macklin, a black- smith shop, and the population is about 125. Sullivan City. — This tow'n is located on the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 34, Township 63, Bange 22. It contains four blocks, and an aggregate of thirty-two lots. The street running north and south through the center of the town is named Main Street. The original proprietors were John A. Ford and Frances J. Ford, his wife, who made, executed and delivered' the deed to the plat, October 30, 1857. This town, after struggling along for an existence for a few years, finally gave up the ghost. There is now no town at this place. Newtown is situated on the west half of Lot No. 2, of the northeast quarter of Section 2, Township 64, Eange 22. It was laid off January 16, 1858, and contains eight blocks, each con- taining eight lots. The town lies partly in Sullivan County and partly in Putnam County. The first store at Newtown was a drug store kept by Jones & Eaton, and the first grocery stores \ 184 HISTOEY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. were started by Miller & Evans and W. Todd; and the fifst dry goods stores were by Jones & Moberly and by Guyman & Bros. These were also general stores. Putnam Lodge, No. 190, A. F. & A. M., was chartered May 28, 1859. Its first officers were William Jackson, W. M. ; A. L. Thompson, S. W. ; T>. A. Moore, J. W. The present officers are J. W. Harryman, W. M. ; J. 0. Guyman, S. W. ; Thaddeus Over- street, J. W. ; 0. W. Thomas, Treasurer; 0. F. Brown, Secretary; James McAllister, S. D. ; D. A. Williams, J. D. ; L. D. Cain, Tyler; J. D. Haley, S. S.; John Miller, J. S. The lodge has a good strong membership, and is in a sound financial condition. Jacksonville was laid off January 20, 1858, for the proprietor, Branson Jackson. It is situated on the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 2, Township 63, Kange 20. The history of Jacksonville is similar to that of Valparaiso. After the completion of the Council Bluffs & Kansas City Rail- way, the plat was vacated, and the business and inhabitants moved to Boynton. Its former site is owned by Ernest Geslin. Valparaiso was surveyed September 10, 1857, for Elijah Casteel, proprietor. The southwest corner of Block 5 of this town is 8 chains and 27 links east and 18 links north of the quarter section corner on the west line of Section 18, Tovmship 64, Eange 19; an addition to the town was made April 1, 1859. This town flourished to some extent for a few years, but after the completion of the present Council Bluffs & Kansas City Railway, and the building up of Pollock, Pollock took its place. Bowmansville was surveyed Septeipber 11, 1858, and is sit- uated on the southeast quarter of Section 11, Township 62, Range 22. The plat contains four blocks and an aggregate of thirty lots. When Bowmansville was in its prime there were about a dozen houses within its limits; at the present time there is nothing here but a farm owned by Mr. Norman Jaynes. Pleasaniville was surveyed October 1, 1858, for the pro- prietors. Rev., Daniel Lafevere and Ellen Lafevere, his wife. It is located on the northeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 20, Township 62, Range 18, and originally contained four blocks and two half blocks, and was divided in forty lots STATE OF MISSOURI. 185 each 60x120 feet in size ; at the present time Pleasantville con- sists only of a farm, owned by Judge Taylor. Bairdstoum is situated on the southwest quarter of Section 6, Township 63, Eange 20. It was surveyed for the proprietor, Miles B. Baird, November 9, 1859, and contains four blocks, each block containing eight lots. Bairdstown never attained any size. A store was at one time kept there by Thomas Lane and Miles B. Baird, under the firm name of Baird & Lane. , Upon the spot once occupied by their store, now stand the Bairdstown Meth- odist Episcopal Church. Gh-een City was surveyed April 30, 1880, by T. J. Dockrey, for the proprietor, Henry Pfeiffer. The plat contains fifty lots, each 60x130 feet in dimensions. The streets running east and west are jFirst, Second, Third and Fourth, and those running north and south are West, Grant, Green, Lincoln and Sherman. The public square lies between Second and Third, and Green and Lincoln. Ash's addition was made December 3, 1880, by Eliza J. Ash and her husband. The addition contains six blocks, and the streets running north and south through it are Douglas, Hancock and State Eoad. In 1880 no one was living on what is now the town plat but J. B. Ash and family, and the first family to move in was that of L. L. Cram, who lived for some time in the railway depot, a building erected by means of donations made by the farmers of the vicinity. This point is probably the highest on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eail- way, between the Mississippi and Missouri Eivers, and is about 1,200 feet above sea level; The first lot in town was sold to the Birdseye Grange association, and the second to H. O. Woy, who removed an old building from Kiddville, and erected it upon this lot. D. Godfrey and a Mr. McDonald opened in this build- ing the first stock of goods sold in the town, and it is sagely related by the knowing ones that the first, articles sold were six tin fruit cans. S. H. Davis brought from Kiddville the small frame bailding in which he kept the first post-office, and built the first dwelling house in the town. Mr. Davis remained post- master until some time after the change in the administration in 1884, when he was succeeded by L. L. Cram. 0. B. Oomstock, in 186 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. 1880 or 1881, erected a fine store building and also a warehouse, and other buildings were put up in rapid succession until in 1882 there were about 150 inhabitants in the place. The creamery was completed this year. There are now two churches in the place, Methodist and Presbyterian. In Green City there are now three large dry goods stores, one grocery, one furniture store, one hardware store, two livery stables, one drug store, two blacksmith shops, one lumber yard — Dorsey & Co. ; one millinery store, one harness shop, carpenter and builder; the Weston House, J. W. Murry, proprietor; B. S. Magee, physician and surgeon, and Drs. Ferrell and Roberts. The Green City Cemetery Association was organized in 1883, and incorporated under the statutes of Missouri upon the peti- tion of J. C. Custer, Charles B. Comstock, G. P. Thomas, Qeovge Scott and others. G. P. Thomas was the first president, and J. C. Ouster, secretary. The association is governed by five trus- tees, and all owners of a lot or lots are members of the associa- tion. Annual elections are held for the election of officers and the transaction of business. The grounds contain four acres, one-half mile north of town, and are on a beautiful, slightly roll- ing prairie. It is nicely laid off with streets and alleys, with a fine entrance and exit driving way, which divides the grounds into three parts. The east part is set apart for public burial and for those not able to purchase lots. ' Everything is arranged sys- tematically, and arranged with great skill. The interest on the money obtained from the sale of lots defrays all expenses in keep- ing the grounds in proper repair. Green City was incorporated February 10, 1882, upon the petition of D. H. Davis, J. A. Hill, 0. J. Pfeiffer, and others to the number of thirty-nine of her inhabitants. C. B. Comstock, J. B. Ash and W. S. McDonald were appointed trustees. Owasco lies on Section 36. Peter Putnam, in 1855 or 1856, bought an acre of ground of James Cleeton, and upon this land put up a store and ran it a year or twO, when he sold the place to John McKinzey, and after some years Mr. McKinzey sold to the present proprietor, Arthur Brock, who is also the postmas- ter. Besides the store and post office there is only a blacksmith STATE OF MISSOURI. 187 shop, and the population of the village consists of three families — about twelve or fifteen inhabitants in all. Sticlclerville is described in the records as commencing four and one-half feet east of the quarter section corner on the west line of Section 23, Township 62, Range 18. It contains two blocks, each block being divided into twelve lots, and each lot being 100x50 feet in size. Main Street runs east and west along the south side of the town, and Murray Street runs north and south through the center. It was surveyed March 15, 1865. Henry Stickler opened the first store there, and after him came William Smick, now of Milan, then two or three others, and finally J. B. Hartzler, who is now keeping a store at this place. T. C. George has a hardware and agricultural implement store, and George Ford, a blacksmith shop. Dr. B. F. Bunch is the physician of the place, which now contains about fifty inhabitants. Judson lies in Section 26, Township 64, Eange 21. J. T. Triplett bought the land upon which the town stands in 1872, at which time there was but one house upon it, owned by S. S. Hardin. Mr. Triplett built the first store there in 1879, and a blacksmith shop, put up in 1880, was and is still run by S. S. Hardin. Mr. Triplett ran his store until July, 1886, when he sold the goods and rented the building to J. M. Somerville. In 1886 a drug store was started by a Mr. Floto, who sold it out, and the building is now being occupied as a dwelling by Dr. L. Stewart, who and Dr. B. G. Waters are the physicians of the place. A. J. Triplett was the first postmaster appointed in 1865. E. B. McClanahan was appointed in 1886, and resigned, and J. M. Somerville was appointed in 1887. The population of Judson is now thirty. Haley City or Humphreys is situated on the Quincy, Mis- souri & Pacific Eailroad, about eleven miles southwest of Milan, on Section 36, Township 62, Eange 22. It was sur- veyed in April, 1881, by G. M. Garvey, for the proprietors, Laura J., Sarah S., James M. and Eachel Stringer. The original town contained seventeen blocks. Block 8 being re- served for the public square, and the entire number of lots being 246. The streets running east and west were First, Second, 188 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Third and Fourtli; tliose running north and south: Hud- son, Jones, Moberly, Main, Stringer and Humphreys. J. M. Stringer's addition to Haley City was made Januaiy 4, 1882, and consisted of three blocks, or twelve lots, the survey being made by J. L. Alkire, county surveyor. Laura J. Stringer's addition to the town of Humphreys was made May 9, 1882, and consisted of nine blocks, or nearly fifty lots; the name was changed from Haley City to Humphreys between the dates of the two additions. At the time the first survey and plat were made there was no building within the limits of Haley City, it being a corn-field. The first building erected was on the northeast part of the plat, by James Moberly, but this was not in the present business por- tion of the place. Here the first one erected was by James M. Stringer, a one-story frame, 22x40 feet in size, used for a store, with a ware-room addition. It stood on the south side of the pub- lic square, and was completed about June 20, 1881. A. Jones built the second building, a one-story frame, for a store, which he opened up about July 1. J. M. Sullivan opened a drug store early in July, and Jones & Moberly opened a hardware store in a frame building about August 1. Dell & Moberly soon afterward opened a dry goods and grocery store, George T. Moberly, a dry goods store and grocery. Glaze & Allen, a millinery store about October 1, and James M. Stringer, a drug store about Decem- ber 1, 1881. Berg & Block opened a store in the spring of 1882. James M. Stringer sold his drug store to Dr. J. Allen Henry, who subsequently sold it to its present proprietor, Dr. - W. J. Mairs. The first blacksmith in the place was William Abernathy, who started his shop in 1886, and the second was John Hooker, in the spring of 1887. J. N. Burbridge opened a harness shop in 1884, and J. C. Henry, his furniture store in 1886. What is now known as the American Hotel was erected about the 8th of July, 1881, and the Grand Central Hotel was erected about the same time by Sarah and Catharine Stringer. The Hudson House was erected in 1881, by A. W. Hudson, and is now owned by B. G. Kim- brough. The Park Hotel was erected in 1881, by William Hughes. The Humphreys Milling Company was organized in 1882, and STATE OF MISSOUEI. 189 erected a steam flouring-mill, one-fourth of a mile west of the town. The building is a three-story and basement structure, and contains one run of buhrs and four sets of rollers. The capacity of the mill is twenty-five barrels of flour per day. The engine is a forty horse-power, and the entire establishment is worth about $15,000. The interests of the other members of the company were purchased in the spring of 1884 by James M. Stringer, who is now the sole proprietor of the mill. The first physician in Humphreys was Dr. Brown, and the present ones are Drs. F. M. Eeid, J. M. Sullivan, D. K. Stringer, L. Dell and W. J. Mairs. The insurance agents are D. M. Crouch, J. C. Henry, G. W. Cowgill, O. G. Allen and John St. Clair. The first lumber yard was established by Sandifer & Fisher, who afterward sold out to Browning & Seaman. The only lumber now in the town is owned by Moberly & Son. The two livery stables are owned by Grace Brothers, and Williaiti J. Ingerham. The postoffice was established in 1881, the first postmaster being W. 0. Dye. The second and present postmaster, D. M. Crouch, was appointed May 18, 1885. The railroad sta- tion was first opened about August 1, 1881. Humphreys is a beautiful little town of about 450 inhabitants, many of the residences being very neat, cozy, little frame struc- tures. The society is excellent, as is usually the case in college towns, and it has been found that the town and college mutually assist each other, and besides the college there are three church organizations — Baptist, Christian and Methodist Episcopal Church South. Humphreys Lodge, No. 427, I. 0. G. T., was organized March 10, 1882, by Mrs. S. A. Williams, with a membership of thirty-five, and the following elected officers: O. M. Shanklin, C. T.; Lucy Glaze, V. T.; J. C. Henry, Chap.; W. H. White, Sec. ; J. W. Ehea, Fin. Sec. ; Effie Shira, Treas. ; Thomas Higgins, M. ; Minnie Chappel, D. M. ; Minnie Allen, I. G. ; Thoma,s Glaze, O. G. ; Nannie Dickerson, E. H. S. ; Annie Hudson, L. H. S. ; John Stringer, P. C. T. The present officers are H. B. Decker, C. T. ; EUie West, V. T. ; John Clapp, Sec. ; William Gay, Fin. Sec. ; Mrs. 0. Border, Treas. ; Mr. Cooper, Chap. ; Jesse 190 HISTOKY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Eodes, M. ; Mrs. H. B. Decker, D. M. ; Nellie Dewitt, I. G. ; George Stringer, O. G. The present membersMp is forty-three. When the lodge was organized a strong whisky influence pre- vailed in the community, and there were three licensed saloons in the town. At the present time there is no saloon, and the temperance sentiment is very strong, the change being in a large measure attributable to the existence and efforts of this organization. Humphreys Juvenile Temple or Band of Hope was organ- ized July 10, 1887, by Mrs. S. A. Williams, with a membership of thirty -five, and the following officers : Mark Sullivan, C. T. ; Carrie Jacobs, V. T. ; Lulu Cowgill, Sec. ; Frank Decker, Asst. Sec. ; Nellie Dewitt, Treas. ; David Eodes, Fin. Sec. ; Fred. Bader, Chap. ; Frank Constant, P. C. T. ; Alfred Eodes, M. ; Lena Cow- gill, D. M. ; Mabel Modiell, Pres. Besides those mentioned above as being now in business in Humphreys, there are grocery stores kept by H. B. Decker, J. B. St. Clair & Son, D. M. Crouch and T. G. Williams; millinery stores by Mrs. G. W. Shearer and Minnie Allen; and a photo- graph gallery by G. W. Shearer. Humphreys Lodge, A. F. & A. M., U. D., was organized in 1886, with seventeen members, and the following officers: Prof. G. A. Smith, W. M. ; G. T. Moberly, S. W. ; A. Jones, Jr., J. W. ; F. Eeid, Sec; and J. M. Stringer, Treas. The lodge meets in the college building, on the Saturday on or before each full moon, and on the second Friday night afterward. Humphreys Lodge, No. 437, 1. 0. 0. F., was chartered August 1, 1883, the charter members and officers being H. C. Flagg, M. G. ; J. M. Dell, V. G. ; E. A. Lee, Sec. ; A. J. Sorge, Treas. ; and Jesse Eodes. The present officers of this lodge are E. A. Lee, N. G. ; Jesse Eodes, V. G. ; D. K. Stringer, Sec, and Jacob Blum, Treas. The lodge now has about twenty members, meets in a hall in Dr. Mairs' building and is in a more prosperous con- dition and enjoys brighter prospects than ever before. The Humphreys Gazette was started by Joseph S. Wright in 1881, and ran by him about three months, when he sold out to Stringer & Cornell who conducted the paper about six months, STATE OF MISSOUEI. 191 when they sold out to O. M. Shanklin, who continued the paper about eighteen months, when he suspended its publication. In February, 1884, it was started up again as the Humphreys Advance by D. M. Crouch, who ran it until August, 1886 ; Prof. G. A. Smith then took charge of the paper but found after conducting it a few months that in such a small town there was more labor than profit, and discontinued its publication in August, 1887. Haley City was incorporated August 8, 1881, upon the peti- tion of the following gentlemen: J. M. Sullivan, L. E. Carroll, W. P. Linder, James Moberly, D. C. Eastwood, W. H. White, W. G. Owens, John Welch, A. W. Hudson, William H. Lewis, J. F. Miller, E. W. Thompson, Henry Quiner, A. N. W. Palmer, Mich- ael Lochard, O. J. Coons, Johnson Mize, W. J. Britton, M. F- Adams, C. A. Fuller, W. L. Everhart and William Floyd. Trus- tees were appointed as follows: W. P. Linder, Henry Quiner, A. N. W. Palmer, A. F. Brown and J. F. Miller. The officers elected in 1882 were as follows: Trustees, H. H. Wilson (chairman), John Welch, Peter Chappel, D. G. Browning and Eice McAfee ; marshal, Michael Lochard; clerfc and attorney, O. M. Shanklin; assessor, O. G. Allen; treasurer, A. J. Seaman; street commis- sioner, Michael Lochard ; health officer, J. A. Henry, M. D. The officers elected in 1883 were: Trustees, O. G. Allen (chairman), Joseph A. Dawson, George T. Moberly, Leonard Dell and C. W. Dunlap; clerk and attorney, O. M. Shanklin; assessor, A. H. Kernes; marshal, A. W. Hudson, and treasurer, A. J. Seaman. In 1884 they were: Trustees, O. G. Allen (chairman), G. T. Moberly, C. W. Dunlap, Leonard Dell and J. B. St. Clair; clerk and attorney, A. H. Kernes; marshal, P. W. Chidester. In 1885: Trustees, O. G. Allen (chairman),' G. T. Moberly, L. Dell, C. W. Dunlap, James C. Henry ; clerk and attorney, A. H. Kernes ; marshal, P. W. Chidester ; treasurer, P. T. Grace ; in 1886 : Trus- tees, O. G. Allen (chairman), D. G. Brown, P. T. Grace, J. M. Burbridge, C. Border; clerk and attorney, D. M. Crouch; assessor, J. C. Henry; treasurer, P. T. Grace; marshal, P. W. Chidester; And in 1887: Trustees, O. G.Allen (chairman), P. W. Chidester, J. M. Burbridge, C. Stringer and Carl Border; clerk and attor- ney, D. M. Crouch; assessor, J. C. Henry; treasurer, John St 192 HISTORY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. Clair; marslial, W. B. Milstead. Health officer for 1883-84 was J. A. Henry; for 1885-86, Leonard Dell, and for 1887-88, Dr. F. Eeid. Winigan was laid off February 4 and 5, 1880. The southeast corner of the plat is two rods north from a point 120 rods west from the quarter section corner, or the one-half mile stake, between Sections 34 and 35, Township 61, Bangs 18. It contains six blocks, each twelve rods square. A post-office had been estab- lished there in 1874 on the petition of John Tatman and others, the first postmaster being Mr. "Van Kelsie. The first store was established by A. L. Wright, in 1878, and about two years later Joseph Frost started the second store. At the present time there are two dry goods stores, one drug store, two blacksmith shops, and a steam saw and grist-mill. Joseph Thresher is the present postmaster; the town is built on the farm of James M. Thresher, and contains a population of about twenty-five persons. Osgood is a station on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Bailway, in Bowman Township, on Section 2, Township 62, Eange 22. It was laid off in October, 1886, the town plat containing thirty acres. The railroad company purchased this amount of land of B. J. McNabb, in September, 1886. Main Street run- ning east and west is eighty feet wide, the side streets being sixty- six feet wide. Lots are 25x142 feet on Main Street, and 58x142 on the side streets. The company erected a depot and station supply house, and the place bids fair to become a flourishing vil- lage. It has a beautiful location, and is surrounded by a fine farming country. Harris was started as a town in the spring of 1887, the first store being built there by Judge A. W. Harris in April of that year. The second was built by his son, O. Harris. A drug store was built by Dr. Eobison, and a lumber yard established by Rob- ert Ash ; a blacksmith shop and wagon shop by Joseph Busick ; a livery stable by John N. Haley. There is also a depot, a post- office, established in 1887, with E. B. Hunt as postmaster, and a church building belonging to the Methodist Episcopal denomination. This town is^ the great rival of Newtown, in the west part of the county. STATE OF MISSOURI. 193 , Arcand Lodge, No. 389, A. F. & A. M., was organized under dispensation in 1870, and chartered in October, 1871. The charter members and officers were J. S. Todd, M. EoUs, A. Sandifer and T. Jones; S. W. Mellor, W. M.; James Watson, 8. W.; J. C. Cole, J. W. ; S. S. Tunnell, Treas. ; J. T. Eichardson, Sec. ; J. S. Hart, 8. D. ; 8. E. Pile, J. D. ; J. H. Harryman, Tyler. Its pres- ent officers are E. H. Cochrane, "W. M. ; J. T. Eaton, S. W. ; O. Har- ris, J. W. ; 8. 8. Tunnell, Treas. ; J. T. Eichardson, 8ec. ; J. E. Stone, 8. D. ; W. H. Eeed, J. D. ; 8. E. Pyle, Tyler; G. N. Todd, S. 8., and J. H. Harryman, J. 8. The lodge now has twenty-one members, and is in a good financial condition. McCullough is located in the southeast corner of the south- east quarter of the southwest quarter, and in the west part of the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 3, Town- ship 61, Eange 20, on the line of the Chicago, Burlington & Kan- sas City Eailway, nearly seven miles south from Milan. It was laid out October 29, 1877, by Mr. Sumner, a railroad engineer. The post-office is named Cora, after the daughter of John J. Smith, who was the first postmaster. The-present merchants are G. W. Morris, D. T. Eansom and G. H. Sheckells. At present there is no church or school in Cora, and the population is about 100. The first little store ever kept m this place was in the spring of 1877 by Eobert E. Boswell, and the second was by John Smith, who commenced in the fall of 1877 and ran it about a year. Ketcham Bros, then kept a store a short time. D. T. Eansom commenced in the year 1881, and is one of the present mer- chants. The blacksmiths have been Prank Penn, who com- menced in 1878, Oscar Brown, John Dodson & Son, David Tyree, and Peter Cassady. J. D. HoUingshead commenced the business of making hoops here in 1886, and employs on the average about six hands. The most important business of the town is the tie industry, large numbers being sold here every month. The latest addition to the industries of Cora is the steam corn-mill and saw-mill by Joseph McPherson, son of Eev. McPherson, who now resides at this place. The mill is capable of grinding about 125 bushels of corn per day, and the circular saw is capable of 194 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY. sawing about 3,000 feet of lumber daily. The postmasters of Cora have been John J. Smith, 1875 ; Frank Penn, 1877 ; E. B. Meserve, 1879; J. W. McGill, 1880; J. T. Watkins, 1881; D. T. Eansom, 1882; G. W. Morris, 1886, and William Antoney, 1887. Pollock is on the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway, and embraces the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 7, Township 64, Range 19, and the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 12, Township 64, Range 20. The proprietors of the town were H. F. Warner and his wife, Mary Ann, and William Lane and his wife, Mary E. The survey was made in July, 1873, the plat containing thirty-two blocks. The streets running east and west are A, B, 0, D and E, and those running north and south, First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth. Godfrey's Addition to Pol- lock was made in October, 1876, south of the original town. It contained fourteen blocks, divided into 111 lots, sixty-eight of which are 108x54 feet in size, the others of various sizes and shapes. In a business point of view, the town of Pollock is quite a thriving little place. . Olive Lodge, No. 349, A. F. & A. M., was organized under dispensation in March, 1884, and its charter is dated in October, 1884. The charter officers were George T. Rodgers, W. M. ; John 0. Schnelle, S. W. ; Ed Cunningham, J. W. ; James C. Wat- son, Sec. ; Hannibal Rodgers, Treas. ; E. M. C. Ledford, J. D. ; George W. Rodger^, S. D. ; and other members were Walter M. West, R. B. McClanahan, I. M. Roberts, William Smick, A. F. Schnelle, E. W. Van Wye, William N. Smith and John D. Smart. The present officers are J. C. Schnelle, W. M. ; I. M. Roberts, S. W. ; J. C. Watson, J. W. ; T. M. Downer, S. D. ; J. S. Combs, J. D. ; J. M. Downer, Sec. ; Hannibal Rogers, Treas., and Isaac Kid- well, Tyler. The present membership is twenty-nine, and the lodge is in a prosperous condition. Boynton is on the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railway, six miles north of Milan, in Section 7, Township 63, Range 19, and in Section 12, Township 63, Range 20. It was surveyed by H. A. Sumner, April 9, 1877, and contained four blocks with an "aggregate of seventy-four lots. The streets running east and STATE OF MISSOUEI. 195 west are North, Commercial, Oak and Valley. The proprietors were Isaac L. and Lydia England, and Samuel and Charlotte Eogers. The first business house here was built in 1876 by Andy Stewart, the store being known as Stewart's store. E. W. Van Wye built a store and also a house in 1879, and the first blacksmith shop was also put up this year. The first physician was A. C. Eoberts. The first residence was built here in 1879. The first preaching in the town was by the Eev. Mr. Nickerson, of the United Brethren Church, who also performed the first mar- riage ceremony ever performed in the place, that^f Nile Creason, Jr., to Miss McCloud. The first death was that of Clarence Van Wye, son of E. W. Van Wye. Browning lies in both Sullivan and Linn Counties on the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Kailway, twelve miles south of Milan. The northern part of the town lies in the southeast quarter of Section 32, Township 61, Eange 20. The original plat was surveyed by C. G. Bigger, surveyor of Linn County, in October and November, 1872, for the proprietors, Francis E. and Elvira Stone, William E. and Dorcas M. Eobinson, John C. and Anna J. Stone and Benjamin F. and Mary B. Stone. The plat contained five blocks, lying between A and B Streets running east and west, and First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Streets running north and south, the number of lots being fifty -five. Eobinson's addition to Browning was made February 9, 1882, the survey being made by James P. Withrow, deputy surveyor of Linn County. This addition consisted of two blocks, one in each county, each block containing ten lots 45x125 feet in size. The town was named after Mrs. Browning, of Burlington, Iowa, by Justin Clark, who was a member of the Burlington & Southwestern Eailroad Company. Mrs. Browning was the wife of a brother of Hon. O. H. Browning. The land upon which the town was laid off was formerly owned by Lot Lantz, one of the former county judges of Linn County, and the town was founded by B. F. Northcott and a few other gentlemen. The first house built was by John Gable, as a residence for B. F. Northcott, but it was first occupied as a dwelling by John Edwards, who lived in it until his death, in 1873, John Edwards kept the first store 196 HISTOEY OP SULLIVAN COUNTY. in the town, on tlie east side of the railroad, in a house moved into town from Mairs' farm, about a half-mile east of town. The second store was by Y. J. Biswell in 1873, and the third by W. J. Kennedy, in 1873, who also kept the first hotel. A blacksmith shop was started in 1873 by William Armstrong, and a drug store in 1874 by Dr. Lewis Patterson. The first marriage in the place was that of N. O. Meacham to Mrs. Matilda Smith, a daughter of F. E. Stone, and the first birth was that of a child to William and Rebecca Armstrong, in the spring of 1873. The child lived but a short time and its death was the first in Brown- ing. The first school was taught by W. T. Wogan, in the spring or summer of 1874. The first school-house was built in the year 1881, at a cost of about $600. It was blown down and the pres- ent brick building erected in the year 1884, at a cost of about $3,500. Dr. Patterson was the first physician to practice in Browning, and Dr. William Witte the second, but Dr. William B. Robinson was the first to reside within the limits of the town. Rev. J. H. Cox preached the first sermon in the place, in a build- ing now owned by J. T. Fleming & Son. At the present time there are three church buildings in the place, one owned by the Methodists, one by the Christians and one by the Baptists, the latter erected in the fall of 1887. The present business and pro- fessional men of Browning are: dry goods — J. T. Fleming & Son, D. B. Boiling & Son, John H. Biswell & Co., and F. Hay- maker & Co. ; grocers — Adams & Son, C. Jessee, Haynes & Carter and Myers & Son ; drug stores — John McCewn, Crawley & Gable and Smith & Duncan; hardware stores — Lindley & Turner and Isaac Winters ; agricultural implements — R. L. Gib- son & Bro., who also deal in lumber, lime, lath, shingles, hair, sash, doors and blinds ; and Clay Leonard ; blacksmiths — Thomas Vanseggen, Columbus Penn and John Crist; livery stables — Curl Brothers and Smith & Myers; the Browning Hotel is kept by D. 0. Jessee; physicians — Alonzo Mairs, W. T. Stephenson and Charles Van Wye; lawyers — W. P. Taylor, B. F. Pierce and ^E. B. Fields. A saw-mill is owned by John C. Stone, capable of sawing 12,000 feet per day, and a grist-mill by Wilson & Holden. A jewelry store is owned by J. W. Oxley. The postmasters of STATE 01' MISSOURI. 197 Browning have been George Milbnrn, John Edwards, W. J. Kennedy, T. M. Brinkley and W. T. Stephenson. The Browning Savings Bank was established in the spring of 1884, with a capital stock of $10,000, and nine stockholders. The officers were B. D. Boiling, president; 0. A. Deaderick, cashier, who were also directors, the other directors being Joseph Sohrock, W. W. Anderson and Perry McOoUum. The present directors and officers are B. D. Boiling, president ; W. P. Taylor, cashier ; Joseph Schrock, Morgan Leonard and W. T. Prather. The business done is that of general banking, collec- tions being made a specialty, and deposits are received to any amount, six per cent interest being allowed on six months' deposits of $300, and upward. At the present time the capital remains the same, and the surplus funds amount to $324.68. The Browning Record was started about September 1, 1886. It is a strictly local paper, six-column folio, edited and published by C. W. Northcott, BrowniQg Lodge, No. 373, L O. O. F., was instituted April 26, 1877, and chartered May 19, 1877. The charter members and officers were Y. J. Biswell, N. G. ; J. P. Hardy, V. G. ; A. V. Chenoweth, Sec, and John Gable, Treas. ; H. A. Atkins and Hiram Powell. The present officers are J. W. Clark, N. G. ; L. F. Oreason, V. G.; S. J. Lay, P. G.; E. L. Gibson, Sec; G. W. Gibson, Treas. ; T. W. Vanseggen, W. ; J. S. Alexander, E. S. N. G. ; H. W. Crawley, L. S. N. G. ; J. H. Biswell, Chap. ; Hiram Powell, I. G. ; L. C. Lantz, O. G., and E. W. Creason, Con. The lodge has fifty-five members at this time, and is in sound financial condition. The lodge of the A. O. U. W. was instituted May 17, 1880, and chartered on the same day. The charter officers were B. F. Carter, P. M. W. ; C. Penn, M. W. ; J. M. Shafer, F. ; T. M. Brinkley, O. ; B. D. Boiling, Eec ; T. J. Biswell, Eec ; H. C. Hill, Fin. Sec ; C. W. Northcott, G. ; J. C. Stone, I. "W. ; G. E. Woodward, O. W. Trustees— W. T. Stephenson, G. Anderson and T. J. Biswell. The number of charter members was twenty. The present officers are G. E. Woodward, M. W. ; T. M. Brinkley, F. ; A. S. Christy, O. ; J. S. Alexander, Eec; J. W. Lindsey, 198 HISTOBY OF SULLIVAN COUNTY, EeceiTer ; 0. F. Turner, Fin. ; John Mairs, Guide ; J. A. Mairs, I. W. ; J. H. Eicliardson, O. W. The present membership is nineteen. The lodge meets every second and fourth Thursday in each month, and is in excellent financial condition. Biswell Lodge, No. 510, A. F. & A. M., was instituted April 18, 1882. The charter members numbered seventeen, and the charter officers were John Carter, W. M. ; W. B. Calhoun, S. W. ; D. W. Biswell, J. "W. ; L. B. PhiUips, S. D. ; J. W. Moore, J. D. ; J. W. Lindsey, Tyler ; W. J. Kennedy, Sec, and F. S. Hanks, Treas. The present officers are John Carter, W. M. ; J. R. Creason, S. W. ; J. F. Hubler, J. W. ; George L. Carter, Tyler; H. W. Crawley, Sec, and J. W. Lindsey, Treas. The present membership is thirty-five, and the lodge is in good financial and social condition. Meetings are held on the first Saturday night of each month. There are also a lodge of Good Templars, and a Grand Army post in Browning. Browning was incorporated February 8, 1878, in accordance with the petition of the following persons: J. A. Calhoun, W. J. McOray, B. L. Caster, J. A. Sturgis, V. O. Sturgis, H. C. Hill, F. Gross, W. J. Kennedy, E. Jenkins, George R. "Woodward, F. P. Williams, E. H. Schrock, Joseph Henley, W. A. Huntsman, J. G. Alexander, J. W. O'Neal, D. W. Biswell, J. 0. Alexander, T. J. Biswell, Charles Riley, G. W. Eads, R. M. Johnson, B. D. Boi- ling, C. F. Turner, Jacob Louesell, J. T. Duncan, J. H. Dobbins, C. Penn, John J. Jones, S. A. Maloney, W. H. Jones, John Urback, R. J. Clark, William J. Dueink, John Newton, William Kane and L. E. Caster. Trustees were appointed by the county court as follows : W. J. Kennedy, William J. McCray, H. C. Hill Y. J. Biswell and S. A. Maloney. The present officers of the town of Browning are W. J. MoCray, mayor; and members of the council, J. W. Lindsey, M. R. Jenkins and J. H. Walker; W. P. Taylor, clerk. Elgin lies in the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 34, Township 63, Range 19. It was surveyed by Samuel W. Mellor, August 15, 1881, for Joseph Cavenee, the pro- prietor. The plat contained fourteen blocks, with lots 119x62^ STATE OF MISSOURI. 199 feet in size. The streets running east and west are Wilson, Hampton, Main and Johnson, each sixty feet wide ; and those run- ning north and south, each fifty feet wide, are Charles, Center and Elgin. The town is on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eailroad, six miles east of Milan. At the present time there is nothing here but a station, the poor farm lying in the immediate Ticinity. Beger is situated on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eail- road, and on the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 30, Township 62, Eange 20. The plat, which contains four blocks, divided into twenty-four lots, was filed for record September 5, 1881. Alonzo Henry's addition was made a short time afterward, and contains two blocks, divided into six lots. The first merchant in the place was E. E. Beazley, and the post-office was established in the fall of 1881, with John Wadkins, postmaster. The merchants at the present time are E. B. Davis & Bro., and John Clements. A saw- mill is owned by J. G. Duvall, and the interests of the railroad company are in the hands of O. B. Bennett. Eeger is a great railroad tie center, the largest in Sullivan County, and larger than any other on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eailroad. In 1886 about 300,000 ties were shipped from Eeger station, this being the principal industry of the place. John Clements is postmaster at the present time. The distance by railroad from Eeger to Milan is seven miles. PART II. HISTORY OF k]\}l\ GOUIiTY. ■3-K History of Adair County. TOPOGEAPHY AND NATUEAL HISTOEY. Location, Boundary, etc. — Adair County is bounded on the nortli by Putnam and Scliuyler Counties, on the south by Macon County, on the west by Sullivan County, and on the east by Knox County and part of Mount Pleasant Township, of Scotland County. The north line of the county extends to within eighteen miles of the Iowa boundary, while its south line is 135 miles north of the Arkansas boundary. The eastern line is about forty-four miles distant from the Mississippi, and the western line 140 miles distant from the Missouri. The total area is 567 square miles, or 362,880 acres. The population in 1880 was 15,190, but a conservative estimate of the present number of inhabitants places the figures at 17,000. Kirksville, the county seat, is ten miles distant from the north line, eleven miles from the south line, twelve and one-half miles from the east line, and fourteen and one-half miles from the west line, the courthouse forming the center. The St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Eailroad runs north and south through the city, while the line of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Eail- road running east and west bounds the city on the north. With few exceptions all the villages of the county enjoy railroad facil- ities. Novinger and Crawf ordsville, west of the county seat, and Brashear on the east side, are stations on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific, while Millard, in Pettis Township, and Sublette, in Polk Township, are important points on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Eailroad. Topography, etc. — The greater part of the surface of the county is undulating or heavy rolling prairie, while a little over 204 HISTOBY OF ADAIE COUNTY. one-third the area is covered with luxuriant oak, hickory, walnut, maple and other valuable timber, as shown in the list of native trees and shrubs. In the neighborhood of the Chariton and Salt Kivers the country is decidedly broken, but the area so broken is so confined, circumscribed, that it is not noticeable on the great fertile field which the county presents to the agriculturist. Along the streams or skirting the prairies of eastern Adair strips of native timber or shady groves remain to rob the prairie of its winter loneliness, while west of Kirksville, in the valley of the Chariton, the great primeval forest remains, and is, even to-day, more than a remnant of the wilds of sixty years ago. The eastern townships may be classed with what is known to Missouri geologists as the eleventh group of tobacco lands. The estimated average capability of the soil is 1,000 pounds per acre under ordinary conditions. The western townships are related only politically to their sisters east of the Chariton Biver. Nat- urally they belong to the Grand River group, and as such offer their rich treasures of finest hard wood trees and excellent coal in lieu of agricultural wealth. Drainage, etc. — The Chariton Eiver enters the county at the north center of Nineveh or Township 63 north. Range 16 west, whence it flows in a tortuous course to the south line, forming a physical dividing line between Liberty and Benton and Walnut and Pettis Townships. The tributary streams of this river within the county are Short-eye Creek, Spring Creek with its tributary, Davies Creek, Billy's Creek, Hog Creek, Walnut Creek and Little Mussel Creek flowing southeast, and, with the excep- tion of the two last named, joining the parent stream within the county. Brush Creek and its branches, including Hazel Creek, Rye Creek, Big Creek or " the Kirksville Ditch," Sand Creek and the east fork of the Chariton flow west or southwest from the Adair divide into the Chariton, and with the exception of the east fork of that river begin and end within the county, thus mapping out indelibly the lines of the river valley. The parent stream rises in Clarke County, Iowa, flows east through the counties of Lucas and Appanoose in that State, then entering on a general southern course runs in a swift current to join the Missouri in Chariton County, of this State. All the streams STATE OF MISSOURI. 205 flowing southwest are clear as crystal, the water pleasant to the taste, partaking in some instances of mineral tint and properties, and in some decidedly chalybeatic. Salt River is the name bestowed on an octopus stream, in reality the north fork of Salt Eiver, east of the main divide. Its headwaters may be said to belong to this county, although a few streamlets forming them may be traced into Schuyler County. The main stream is formed above the village of Brashears. Floyd Creek and Steer Creek unite with the main head stream of the river. Southeast of Brashears, Bear Creek and a number of its tributary rivulets join the main stream, which runs in a general southeastern course to join the Father of Waters, above Louisiana, in Buffalo County. South Fabius River and its tributary, Cottonwood Creek, may be said to have their headwaters in Clay Township, of Adair County, and, like Salt River, to flow southeast to the Mississippi, entering the great river below West Quincy. The valleys of North Salt River and of the South Fabius are not so clearly defined as the beautiful valley of the Chariton, but those streams are no less useful than their ultra-divide neighbor in the facilities for drainage which they, offer. Throughout the townships a number of rivulets bring a sup- ply of water to every farm. They are Goose Creek in Liberty Township, Sugar Creek and Sand Creek in Benton, Richard Creek and east fork of Chariton in Pettia Township, Long Branch, Titus Branch, Surratt Creek, Hog Branch and other small streams in Wilson Township. Some of these streams carry the coloring matter which oxide of iron imparts. The lakes in this county belong to the basin of the Chariton. In Nineveh Township, within an area of six square miles, are Marine Lake, Scobee Lake, Fish Lake, Upper and Lower Reed's Lake, while Long Lake is south of Nineveh village. A few ponds, remainders of large bodies of water, are scattered through the county, and springs are numerous, the most noted of which is known as Baden Springs (chalybeate), on Hog Creek. Surface Geology. — The surface of the county presents drift and alluvium, the latter represented along the creeks and in the soil by local or recent accretions. The bluff, or upper crust or 206 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. subsoil, from eight to fifteen feet in thickness, belongs to the eastern townships. This clay is exposed near Meets' old mill, on Sugar Creek. It is a marly composition and is considered a safe fertilizer to top dress the loam. Beneath these clays the drift material is encountered — clay, liberally mixed with small, round pebbles, merging into sandy soil and pebbles, and again into sand and boulders. Sometimes all these strata are encountered within six feet of the surface, but the blue clay and large boul- ders of the drift are generally far below. Thus a section on Sugar Creek presents the following formation: Feet. Inches. Slope from hill-top 15 Brown clay, with white, calcareous nodules 8 White sand, brown sand and pebhles 15 Boulders, pebbles and sand 10 At Nineveh there is a peculiar confirmation, showing an exposure of twenty feet of clay, a dark blue and brown, mottled in the upper layers, with brownish mottle below. A six inch- seam of brown sand, resting on a thirty-six inch bed of black heavy clay and pebbles, supports this clay, which in turn rests on thick sand beds, merging into a soft black sandstone. In the northern and eastern sections of Adair, the Drift aver- ages about 175 feet in depth, generally resting on a thick, heavy bed of blue clay. Throughout, boulders of granite, syenite, horn- blende, greenstone, quartzite, jasper, quartz, agate and limestone are found. Among the debris, masses of leaves, bark and worn stems are common, marking the track of the last glacier in what is now Missouri. The coal measure rocks are common throughout the twelve west- ern sections of the county, and outcrop from the mouth of Eye Creek north along the Chariton to its source in Iowa. On Shut-eye and Spring Creeks the beds are higher, and at the heads of creeks rising around Kirksville the upper sandstone of the middle coal measure series may be seen, sometimes in thick beds near the hill tops. On Alum Creek this rock hangs out over its eroded or worn base, showing traces of alum on its surface, minute seams of coal, and pockets or layers of red ocher. This rock rests on a shaly bed, ten feet in thickness, which has for its base ten feet of rough conglomerate. At the old mill site on this STATE OF MISSOURI. 207 creek, a dark ash-blue limestone, forty-four inclies in thickness, appears, the lower eighteen inches of -which is remarkably even jointed. To present to the reader at a glance the general forma- tion of this section, the following record of excavation will suf- fice: Feet. IncheB Sandstone Bituminous shale, a few feet slope Limestone 4 Dark blue shale 2 Sandstone 38 Red and green shale 2 Red shale, slightly sandy 1 Rough beds fine-grained limestone One mile west of Kirksville, and common to the head of each branch of Big Creek, to the hills near the Obariton, and to Spring, Sugar, Alum, Billy's and Ely's Creeks, is the following confor- mation: Feet. Inches. Drab, greenish drab, irregular, compact, hard, fine- grained and sometimes mottled limestone 3 Rough, mottled, bluish and light drab limestone 1 6 Olive and blue calcareous shale 10 Greenish drab and gray argillaceous limestone . . 5 Shale, olive above, argillo-bituminous below 2 Ash drab, irregular beds, fine-grained limestone with calcite veins and specks 1 4 Yellowish green shale 2 Black shale 1 Dark green shale 2 Nodular limestone and shale 1 6 In the upper strata Ath. SubtilUa and Crinoid columns were found, while in the lower or nodular limestone Bryozoa, Fistu- lapora and Hemipronites were common. Shales replete in fossil remains were not unearthed, but are reasonably supposed to exist here. On Billy's, Big and Sugar Creeks are found very even beds of fine-grained, dove-colored limestone, containing minute calcite specks, marked by splintery to sub-conchoidal fracture. When polished this is an excellent stone, and in some cases does well for fiagstone or sidewalks. The fossil remains are so minute as to be almost obscure. Below this peculiar rock a shelly lime- stone, highly fossiliferous, exists. Beside the Ath. Subtilita and Pr. Casiatus, no less than six distinct fossils were discovered. 208 HISTOEY OP ADAIK COUNTY. together with a fish tooth. At the mouth of Big Creek this f ossiliferous limestone presents itself in all forms, also at Sharr's and Dumy's mills, on Sugar Creek, near its mouth, these rocks with lower and associate strata are exposed. Thus a section at this point gives a conformation as follows: Feet. Inches. Shaly sandstone and sandy shale Dark, blue-black, shaly limestone 10 Black bituminous shales 10 Hard black slate with gray concretions 1 8 Soft bituminous shale ; 5 Calcareo-bituminous shale (fossil) Fine-grained, compact, dark, concretionary limestone with carbonate, iron and the remains of plant roots 8 Fire clay In this southwest quarter of Section 17, Township 64, Eange 17, a boring revealed the following named strata: Feet. Inches. Slopeof 35^ , 35 Hard calcite conglomerate 1 3 Slope 2 Buff and brown coarse argils, rough bedded limestone 1 6 Alternations of sandy shales and shaly sandstone 14 Clay slope 5 Light-blue, hard, compact limestone 1 9 Olive shales 6 Bituminous shale and slate 3 Coal, divided by thin seams of clay 3 9 The light blue, hard, compact limestone, or the twenty-one inch strata named above, is only five feet above the coal in Sec- ition 30, Township 64, Eange 16, on Brush Creek, and comes still closer in other localities. On Joab's Creek the greater num- ber of Turkey Run formations exist, the whole underlaid as fol- lows: Feet. Inches. Black coal smut, clay seams 10 Blue clay 1 6 Bluish-drab, fine-grained limestone 6 Drab sandy clay 6 Drab, shaly limestone 16 Dark shales, clay and sand 6 Black, shaly and carbonaceous limestone 1 Bituminous shale 2 6 Black calcite and bituminous shaly band, f ossiliferous 8 Blue-black ironstone, with fossils 3 Ash-colored fire clay , 4 Kough, ash-drab, fine-grained and friable limestone. 4 STATE OF MISSOUBI. 209 The formation on Turkey Eun, which may be considered the naturnal roof or cap of that just given on Joab's Creek, is shown thus: Feet. Inches. Slope Outcrop of drab limestone, brittle and bituminous. . . Olive shales 1 o Nodular limestone and shale 1 6 Light-blue clay shale 8 Bituminous shale with gray bands 8 Coal - 5i Blue clay 3 Coal 1 Fire clay, blue above, brown below 1 Brown, nodular limestone 4 Sandstone, top nodular, bottom shaly 13 Blue, sandy and clay shales 6 6 Throughout Adair, Sullivan and Linn the conformation is geologically related, beginning with sandstone at a depth of thir- teen feet and ending with sandy shale at a depth of 495 feet. Iron ore is found in some places within the county — red hematite in the coal measures and goethite. Geologist Broad- head, speaking on this subject says: " On the Chariton Eiver, two miles north of the south county line, numerous masses of septaria are washed out of the shales and strewn along the river bank. The joints are mostly filled with clear calcite and this is often studded with beautiful, minute crystals of limonite. These often shoot out from beneath calcite crystals, in which position we find them closely adhering at the base and thence diverging. There is an occasional clear crystal of quartz, entirely enclosing those limonite crystals. This variety of iron is called goethite. The limonite is sometimes collected in globules, varying in size from a pin point to one-sixteenth of an inch, on these calcite crystals. The calcite is generally a regular rhomboid, and has its sur- face sometimes covered with a pale, flesh-red. The limonite is brown hematite, and the goethite a variety of limonite. In the prairie clays, east of the divide, limited concretions of oxide of iron and oxide of manganese have been discovered, also traces of copperas and a liberal diffusion of iron pyrites in the coal meas- ures. Placer gold is present in small quantities, while carbon- ates may be seen, and ocher seams of red and yellow worked. 210 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. Economic Geology.-^T-ietus wander back to the valley of the Chariton, when the foundations of the present coal beds were laid. What a scene! Stretching to the horizon, an immense marsh — a wilderness of reeds and weeds and mosses, inhabited, if we may so speak, with amphibians, hideous, frightful monsters, alive with 10,000 species of reptile, but not a man in the whole great waste — not even a bird flew hither to look in upon the loathsome wilderness. How many years this slimy sea, this vast archipelago, required its drying process to continue is not known. The process is being gone through to-day, and will continue even after our own time in this very country. There are at least five feet — more generally eight feet — of vegetable debris required to form one foot of coal, and since there are two feet, a low estimate, representing the seam in this county, it must have required ten to sixteen feet of rich vege- table debris to form the coal bed here. To compress this, to surround it with all the constituents necessary to convert the mass into coal rock was the next task of the great manufac- turer. Years of growth and decay and then the drift, with all the natural convulsions which preceded and followed it, com- pleted the beginning of the coal era, and this process continued in some form down to the present time, brought the dusky rock into its present shape and position, and in some instances raised, it to the eyes of the traveler, as if beseeching him to tell mankind of the part it was willing to take in developing the country. The mineral wealth of Adair County has only been partially brought to light within the last quarter of a century. Much of it is still hidden from the geologist, which the near future will reveal and utilize, while deep down, among the archssn rocks, a store- house of valuable material waits upon that distant time when over- population will summon its surplus to the mining galleries a thousand fathoms down. What has been done here to unearth that dusky treasure, known the world over as coal, is related in the report of the geo- logical surveys preceding 1874. At that time Geologist Broad- head reported three workable coal seams in this division of Missouri. He states: "The lowest is that worked on the Chari- STATE OF MISSOURI. 211 ton and its immediate tributaries in the northern part of the county. It is from three to four feet thick and is occasionally mined in Eange 16, from Eye Creek northward." The section at Beeman's old mine, in the southeast part of Section 3, Township 63 north, Eange 16, presents the following conformation: Feet. Inches. Slope 50 Hard, bluish -drab, coarse-grained limestone; drab with ferruginous spots, sliowing remains of uni- valves in relief 1 6 Hard, tough, coarse limestone, gray or brown, specked with calcite fossils in relief 11 Drab clay 3 Soft, brown limestone with fracture bluish drab. . . 6 9 BufE and green clay with black base 1 3 Bituminous shale 2 Shaly coal 1 Fireclay 1 6 Green, shaly sandstone 2 Green-gray, soft sandstone 1 Sandy shales 3 Blue clay shales 10 Sandstone and shales 85 Bituminous shales 3 Hard, shiny black coal 2 6 Clay 1 2 Poor coal 1 Fireclay 3 Hard, blue and drab mottled limestone, showing remains 1 6 Deep-blue sandy shales 9 Hard, ash-colored argillaceous limestone, abound- ing in crinoid stems and black specks ' 8 Blue, shaly sandstone with thin layers and nodules of yellow ocher 15 The coal dips up the river 5 feet in 300 feet, varying from S^ to 4 feet in thickness of seam. The dark streak 50 feet above the coal is, probably, the equivalent of Spring Creek coal. Here, as everywhere, the coal is separated by a thin clay seam, which, in some cases nearly thins out. The coal above the upper stratum, as shown in the record of the Beeman shaft, is superior to that below, being black, with a dull band, irregularly jointed, with curved surfaces, calcite plates in joints and charcoal on bed of fire clay, the seam being twenty feet above the Chariton water level. At the time of the survey a similar coal seam was worked 212 HISTORY OF ADAIK OO0NTT. by Stout & Holmes in the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 2, Township 63, Eange 16 ; one by E. Besanco on the northwest quarter of the same quarter ; one by J. Porter on the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 2 ; one by J. Snyder on the northeast quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 3, and one by Hotter & Co. in the northwest quarter of Section 2, in Township 63, Eange 16. In the greater number of cases shafts were in existence from 15 to 25 feet below the bed of Hazel Creek, which had to be excavated through seams of black slate from 1 to 5 feet in thickness before the 3 or 4-foot seam of coal could be reached. One mile above Conner's mill, in the bed of Eye Creek, the Watson shaft was sunk years ago to a depth of 40 feet. This excavation was made through several thick beds of whitish-gray sandstone down to the 3-foot coal seam. Owing to the poor quality of coal this shaft was abandoned prior to 1874. The outcrop of coal in some of the small gulches around Nineveh presents veins 3 and 4 feet in thickness. In this vicinity, particularly on the Conner farm, many coal pits have been worked, the excavation being made through heavy beds of sandstone and thick seams of bituminous shales, which, as a rule, overcap the coal. On the divide, in the neighborhood of Kirksville, which is estimated to be 180 feet above the bed of the Chariton (almost the total depth of the drift), coal is much too far below the surface to warrant mining with small capital. Here the. miner should bore, dig and delve, between 300 and 400 feet, before the object of his underground mission could be reached. That coal is here, well-formed, complete in all essentials for fuel and gas, is ac- <3epted by geologists. Its development is only a matter of time ; for in this age of associated enterprise it is more than probable that some of the capitalists of the county seat will take such measures as to insure to the city a new industry and a cheap fuel. In 1868 the railroad company made a boring on Dr. Gates' land. The coal seams along Spring Creek and its rivulets are from fifty to eighty feet above those of Eye Creek, but are not gener- ally so thick. Similar seams are common along Turkey Eun, STATE OF MISSOUKI. 213 Shut-eye Creek, and throughout Morrow Township. In the neighborhood of the Four Lakes, and west of the Chariton,, near Shibley's Point, shafts were put down prior to 1873, and a three- foot seam of coal penetrated. The upper layer is of poor quality, but the two-foot layer below is a very superior solid coal. Iron pyrites abound in this formation. In the roofing limestone strata of six feet in thickness, numerous fossils are found. West of Spring Creek, on Section 9, Morrow Township, a coal seam of eighteen inches is capped by a twenty-four inch seam of blue and black shales, and this in turn by the limestone roofing. Just east on Section 10 Gardener's mine, with Stahl's bank to the northwest, presented a similar formation; while less than a mile southward, in Section 15, where the Williams' bank was operated, two seams, one eighteen inches and one thirteen inches, were found separated by a two-inch bed of blue clay. Close by> where the Stanley bank was worked, the formation presented is as follows: Six inches of coal, with blue clay streaks; twelve inches of coal, three inches of clay, and thirteen inches of coal to bed. In the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of Sec- tion 15 the coal seam is much heavier, averaging, it is said, three feet in thickness. The outcrop on Billy's Creek, in its course through the Campbell farm, presents a very different relationship to any of the coals enumerated. This outcrop, as it appeared early in the seventies, was, at the water's edge, eighteen feet be- low the top of the bank. Of this depth six feet was local drift, three feet of soft sandstone layers, six inches of black calcareo- carbonaceous ironstone, thirty inches of bituminous shales, four- teen inches of clay shale resting on the outcropping, twelve-inch seam of coal. In the southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 86, Morrow Township, a similar conformation exists, but the coal is a dull-black, showing iron pyrites and a little lime between the fractures and joints. Southwest of Kirksville, Section 18, Benton Township, a seam of coal, varying from four to eight inches, and remarkable for its eighteen-inch dip in sixty inches, is roofed by thirty inches of bituminous shales, a seam of blue fire-clay, and a heavy layer of argillaceous shales. This coal is what is known as hard bank, though its proper place is far below. Such is the outcrop on a tributary of McPhetridge's 214 HISTORY OF ADAIR COUNTY. Creek. Doubtless in, other parts of the county the prospector might find hard bank to repay his search, but here it is limited for 1,400 feet distant is the Spring Creek series, with its calcite- fiUed fractures and irregular joints. In March, 1873, the Porter Coal & Mining Company reached a six-and-a-half-foot seam of coal, 100 feet down, at a point on the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad, five miles west of Kirks- Tille. In August, 1873, Charles H. Kight, then residing three miles north of Kirksville, discovered an extensive bed of peat there, harvested some, and on trial found it to make an excellent, pleas- ant fire. The miners' estimate of coal deposits is 1,000,000 tons of coal to every square mile per foot of thickness of seam. Placed at an average of a two-foot seam, as in this county, and allowing three- fourths of the county to rest on this coal field, we would have 760,000,000 tons of coal to look forward to. But estimating from a true geological standard) i. e., accepting the fact that coal does exist here, and that this coal is similar in quality to that of other better known coal fields, the gross product would approach 2,800,000,000 tons. Now, presuming that the entire population of the county resolved to develop this immense coal field, and each one took out three tons of coal per day, how many years would it require to exhaust the deposit? 61,443.9 years. Painters clay, a species of ochers in a very rough form, of course, is exposed at Big Creek west of Kirksville, and along that stream to the Chariton, also in the northeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 12, Township 62, Range 16, there is an exposure of twelve feet of brick, red clay and a lighter exposure at Sharr's mill. West of the Chariton, on Section 16, Township 62, Range 16, there is also an exposure of this clay with a higher one of mottled buff and drab of excellent quality. These clays are minus a particle of sand, are smooth and easily worked, and should form good material for the paint manu- facturer or the potter. The red clay found in other parts of the county, as well as at the points designated, is equally suited to manufacturing purposes. Clay for fire brick and similar manu- factures is plenteous in Adair, but owing to its place below the STATE OF MISSOUBI. 215 coal seam the development of these deposits is left over for the future to begin. Limestone, as found on Big Creek and Sugar Creek, burns into a strong heavy white lime as a general rule ; while the Spring Creek strata, subjected to regular lime-burning heat, may be relied upon to yield a strong-bodied hydraulic lime, particularly when selected from the irregularly fractured rock. There are other uses to which some of the hard, brittle limestone of the county could be subjected. Properly crushed, placed on a well prepared road-bed of broken stone, and then well watered and rolled, it makes a road or street which will stand reasonable traffic for years, and in rain or sunshine be clean for travel. There are a few beds of lime rock in the county which are said to show large, even flags, and other strata fractured so regularly as to be ready for the stone mason's hands. Gold. — From within a few miles of Kirksville, there is a tract twelve miles wide, extending north, through which gold specked sand or placer clay exists. In 1875 B. W. Bozarth, Capt. Harris, J. W. Stallcup and B. W. Parcels, old miners, found gold in this region. Dr. Lilly and A. Miller worked through the hills that fall, and other prospectors averaged $1 per day. Lewis Musicks, six miners, Judge Knott, Col. Gil- strap and others from adjoining counties, and a few prospectors from distant New York, were here then working among the hills. Fossils — The fossils discovered here are certainly very dis- tinct reminders of a vegetable world, which long ago disappeared ; nor is there a trace of a cotemporary animal world, now buried deep down, wanting, for a fish tooth was found years ago in the shelly limestone near the Campbell farm on Billy's Creek. The list of fossils discovered within the county embraces among others the following species: Semipronites crassus. Oostatus. Amcpec. Fusiiina eylindrica. Ath. Missourienois. Interlineatus. Bhombopora lepidodend- Meehella. Orthocmas raidea. 8p. cameratus. Pr. Oongispinus. Sp. Kentuekenais. Pr. Nebraacenais. Oa/rbonife/rua. Ghonctea. Laphphyllum. Ath. aubtilita. Sp. perplexua. Pr. muricatua. 8p. plarueonueacua. Bryosoa. Pr. Prattenanua. Clw. meaoloba. Fiatulapora. Myalina aubquadrata. 216 HISTORY OF ADAIK COUNTY. 0. Vernuiliana. AUorisma regularis. Solenomya. Pr. semireticulatus. Athyris. P. spaciosa, AUorisma. Aviculopecten Petr. occidentalia. BeUeropTion. ScMzodua. Actcmnina minuta. Macrocheilus inhahilis. WJieeleri. Sireptacis WMtfieldii. Pleurotomana. Meekella straito costatus. Oardium Lexingtonensis. Bell, percarinatus. Lingula. Both in coal and limestone beds the great ferns of a past age found a resting place and wrote their own forms for epitaphs, so with other leaves and stems and shells. Break the rock and there we find the outlines of vegetable and animal life of prehis- toric times, and in some instances more material testimonials as the following: Worn tree stems, massed leaves, crinoid columns, crinoid stems, a Gonitite, a fish tooth, fish spines. Trees and Shrubs. — It has been already stated that the country east of the Adair divide, or of the ridge on which the county seat stands, including the ridge itself, bears an incrusta- tion of drift material sometimes as thick as 180 feet. Through- out this area, the general character of the soil compares favorably with the finest land in the west. Along Salt Eiver and its tribu- taries and on the hillocks, which here and there relieve the prairie, belts or groves of healthy timber are found. Along the village streets, on the farm house lawn, or in the public square, as at Kirksville, cultivated trees are found, all showing remark- able growth and beautiful foliage. In the Normal Park trees foreign to the county, such as ornamental pine, juniper cedar, tamarack and plantain, have grown into a little forest in less than a decade and a half, surrounding and hiding as it were the old apple orchard which prior to that time formed the only shady grove in that part of the town. In the gardens several kinds of small and large fruit flourish, white flowering shrubs attain an unusual growth, and the flowers a peculiar brilliancy and per- fume. Cross the divide and a country entirely different in physical characteristics presents itself, stretching away to the northwest. "We are among the hills and valleys of Chariton, among the black oak, white oak and hickory kings of the forest, or dreaming of next March among the fine sugar groves of the valley lands. The southwestern part of Adair is in fact a rolling prairie, STATE OP MISSOUBI. 217 with patches of scrub oak and groves of other dwarf trees. The drift beds are often at the surface, thus giving it a barren appearance. It is generally known as the "Grazing Lands," though some, jealous of its advantages, are pleased to name it " The Barrens." To them the whole section of Adair west of the Chariton is a barren land ; but to those who are acquainted with its sharp ridges (sometimes reaching 150 feet in height), and its deep valleys, it is a country possessing a large area of excel- lent warm prolific soil, composed of clay, sandy loam, boulders, pebbles and sand or worm drift. Such are the facts in the case of the " Barrens," or of that portion of the county west of the Chariton and south of Spring Creek. In 1879 the Chicago Log Company had a force of men cutting walnut logs on the Chariton. It being too expensive to haul the logs to a railroad, they resolved to drive the timber down to the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Bailroad bridge, and there load it on flat cars. This was the first regular log drive on the river within this county. The principal native trees, shrubs and vines are named in the following list: Ash, Aspen, Bitter-sweet, Bladder-nut, Box Elder, Buckeye, Button Bush, Basswood, Black Haw, Birch, Red, Crabapple, Cherry, Red, Chokeberry, Corralberry, Cottonwood, Elm, Red, Elm, White, Green Brier, Gooseberry, Hackberry, Hazel, Hickory, Shellbark, Hickory, Pignut, Honeysuckle, Ironwood, Linden, Locust, Honey, Maple, White, Maple, Sugar, Oak, Red, Oak, White, Oak, Black Oak, Black Jack, Oak, Post, Oak, Swamp White, Oak, Chinquepin, Oak, Pin, Oak, Spanish, Oak, Laurel, Oak, Burr, Oak, Poison, Plum, American, Raspberry, Red Bud, Red Root, Rose, Wild, Sumac, Thorn (every species), Walnut, Black, Walnut, White, Waahoo. Hickory is said to form one-fourth of the native trees; well- formed healthy oak is plenty, the aspen may be said to be con- fined to Locust Creek, the burr oak to the hills and the sugar maple to the bottoms. The cultivated trees are represented 14 218 HISTOBY OF ADAIE COUNTY. mainly by soft maple, Osage orange, box elder, and some orna- mental pines. F. M. Browne, in his letter of August 31, 1871, claims to be the first man to set out a maple tree at Kirksville. Zoology. — Throughout the pages devoted to pioneer history, and, more particularly, in those which contain the personal his- tory and reminiscences of many early settlers, the reader must be made acquainted with the greater number of wild animals which were found here by the first settlers. So, also, a reference to the list of fossil remains will tell of prehistoric habitants of the wilderness. It is safe to say that the buffalo era was past for- ever in this part of Missouri when the pioneers looked in here in 1828. The deer, however, were here in large numbers, so large, indeed, that the hunter might walk to the prairie border any even- ing or morning, select from a herd the largest, and bring him down with a bullet from the old flint-lock rifle of those days. Wolves, large, gray and thoroughly wolfish, found a congenial home along the Chariton; the bear claimed sovereignty here, while the small game were found everywhere. The rattlesnake, spreadhead, viper and others of the reptile species, were aggres- sive and dangerous residents. Birds have always been well rep- resented ; the shy prairie chicken, east of the divide ; the proud pheasant on the west side, both sometimes on visiting terms, at other times separated by fierce family feuds. In the trees of Adair the whole feathered tribe found a pleasant home, and in our own days both resident and visiting birds of nearly every family make summer time here a festive season for themselves, and a time of pleasant study for the ornithologist. In Decem- ber, 1887, some beaver were trapped on the Chariton, ten miles south west of Kirksville, where an industrious lodge is said to have continued in existence through all the vicissitudes of the last sixty years. In February, 1869, J. S. Williams killed two rattlesnakes west of Kirksville. The fine weather lured the reptiles out some months before they should have ventured. In February, 1874, John W. Dodson raised a fox two miles northwest of Kirksville, and after a run of eight miles caught him in John Hannah's yard. STATE OF MISSOURI. 219 The last deer seen in the county was killed in 1878 or 1879, two miles west of Kirksville. The hunters were Messrs. Eckert, Miller and Beed. Eeptiles are here still and scarcely a year passes but the bite of the rattlesnake or spreadheaded viper results fatally in one or more cases. Storm, Flood and Prairie Fire. — On April 30, 1866, a tor- nado passed through the county. In Polk and Clay Townships it leveled fences, buildings, etc. The prairie fire was an occasional pioneer visitor, but for a quarter of a century preceding 1867 the tracts burned over were small, and the damage unnoticeable. In November, 1867, one Pratt who settled on the open prairie five miles southwest of Kirksville, the spring previous, was burned out by prairie fires. The first great prairie fire within the pioneer period is noticed in the history of early settlement. The overflow of the Chariton in June, 1875, entailed heavy losses on the residents in the neighborhood of Sharr's mill or Sloan Point. Of the twelve houses in the village, seven were almost totally submerged. At the Porter mines the river was four miles in width. The flood was higher by six feet than any previous one. The tornado of May 30, 1879, demolished "Watson's two-story house, Mrs. Bagg's house. Prince's house; unroofed S. S. Mc- Laughlin's barn and Bobert Burris' barn, overturned Peter Moore's barn, unroofed Harvey Genning's barn, moved W. H. Griffith's barn six feet from foundation, wrecked John Link's house, demolished Mose Hankin's house, leveled to the ground Bobert Hankin's dwelling, and also "Wallace's house on Big Creek, took ofE the upper part of Bobert Mercer's house, demol- ished J. M. Davis' dwelling, together with destroying orchards, fences and small buildings. The following detailed account of this storm is as follows, as contained in a local paper, published about that time: " The cyclone originated on the Chariton, ten miles southwest, near Dr. John's, just east of Noah Farr's. It began on Long Branch, and moved in a northeasterly course, twisting off the timber and leveling the fences. About one mile from where it 220 HISTOEY OP ADAIE COUNTY. started it struck the Widow Salisbury's barn, and cruslied it into splinters. It crossed the Chariton, and pounced upon John and Ed. Link's house and ■wrecked it very badly, twisting off trees near by, eighteen inches in diameter. Going half a mile farther on to Cow Creek it swept down on Mose Hankins' house and totally demolished it, sending his household furniture over the tops of trees, and scattering his bacon to the four winds of heaven. Near by it leveled to the ground Bob Hankins' dwell- ing and left not one stone on top of another. The next house destroyed was Mr. "Wallace's, who lives opposite Mrs. Samuels, on Big Creek. From this point it went careering through the timber, tearing up big trees by the roots and breaking others off and scalping the high points, when it spied Robert Mercer's dwelling built in the north side of a steep hill. It took off the upper part of the house very unceremoniously, bounded across and up a ravine, and struck John M. Davis' dwelling, demolish- ing it completely. " Across the brakes it went, through Capt. Slingerland's past- ure, and on to J. E. Watson's house with all the fury of the mad, irresistible, terrorizing wind demon that it was. Mr. Watson and wife and four children and sister, Miss Mary Myers, had gone up- stairs to bed, but were not yet asleep. They heard a terrible crash, and Mr. Watson thought the house had been struck by lightning, then a sensation as if they were being carried upward, then a crashing and falling of timbers, one of 'which struck Mr. Watson on the head and rendered him senseless, and when he re- vived found himself on the ground weighted down with the broken timbers and unable to move. His wife was near him, and apparently unhurt. The children were found scattered around promiscuously, and the little boy badly bruised, as was also Miss Myers. Watson called for help, but was unable to make the neighbors, who lived some distance, hear, and Mrs. Watson had to go and summon assistance. It was about an hour before help sufficient arrived to extricate Mr. Watson from what came near being a terrible death. The house was a two-story frame and strongly built, and yet in ten seconds it was completely crushed and torn into shreds almost and scattered for several hundred yards around. The floors were torn up and nails pulled STATE OP MISSOUBI. 221 out of the sheeting. The roof was entirely demolished, and the shingles and sheeting strewn thickly to the northeast for nearly half a mile. The flue was broken into sections of about two feet in length; tin sheeting was torn off and rolled into a scroll; the bay window was thrown to the east and other parts to the west. The floor over the large cellp,r under the main part of the build- ing was entirely removed, leaving the whole cellar exposed. It is impossible to depict the destruction ; it was one mass of debris with not a post standing. One door was found about three quar- ters of a mile distant. Every piece of furniture in the house was broken with the exception of one small table ; beds, clothing and carpets badly damaged. It was a ruinous wreck, wrought in an instant and made complete. " What is true of Mr. Watson's house is also true of the others mentioned, and the most wonderful part is the escape of all the occupants without loss of life or serious injury of body or limb. " Mr. Mercer's house was built in the north side of a hill, and in order to strike it the wind had to swoop down over the brow, which it did in good order. The roof was scattered in all directions, and several trees near by crushed down or twisted off. The roof from the corn crib was blown away. The bridge across the little creek in front of the house was carried off ; the fence posts were broken off or pulled up for the distance of 100 yards. Four bee stands were carried away, and were not afterward found. A heavy trunk of books was carried from the second floor of the house and set down in the yard without injury ; an iron wedge was picked up from the floor and carried out at the window. An idea of the force exerted may be gained from the fact that a piece of 2x4 scantling, about 18 inches long, with square ends, was driven perpendicularly down in the ground to the depth of 15 inches. The extreme tops of the limbs of a tree about 50 feet from the house were broken off as though some one had done it with their hands ; the remainder of the tree was not hurt. " Two hundred yards across the ravine were the ruins of Mr. Davis' house, a total demolition. The only warning they had was the bursting open of the south door, followed quickly by the crush that leveled everything. Mr. Davis was caught under the falling timbers and severely bruised on the head, left shoulder, 222 HISTOEY OP ADAIB COUNTY. left side and lower limb. One boy was considerably bruised, but was able to extricate himself. His daughter, thirteen years old, was blown about 150 yards, across into the adjoining field, but was not seriously hurt. She was so bewildered that it took her some time to find her way back, and said she had been dreaming of hunting birds' nests, and wanted to know whose house that was and why they built such structures. The other four children were scattered about promiscuously, but unhurt. Not a piece of furniture was \et\ whole, and considerable clothing was lost. " The track of the cyclone was not more than 100 yards wide till it reached Mr. Watson's house, after which it seemed to spread out to double that width. A large rock weighing 1,500 or 1,600 pounds in Wash Conner's yard, who lives near the Char- iton, was moved some distance, and a very large sycamore tree taken up by the roots. " It passed through the northwest part of Kirksville, entirely demolishing J. E. Watson's large new two-story dwelling, Mrs. Bagg's dwelling and Mr. Prince's dwelling, each one-story build- ings. " It gave Dave Baird's residence a close call, lifted the roof of S. S. McLaughlin's barn, proceeded on its way and struck the earth again at Robert Burris', two miles northeast of Kirksville, raising the roof from his barn and whirling his wagon through the air a distance of 100 yards, also blowing down twenty-five or thirty large apple trees, twisting them off like tender reeds. " The next building in its track was Peter Moore's barn, which it threw down, and from there it went to Harve Ginnings' and unroofed his barn, and cut down about half of his large apple trees. It also moved W. H. Griffith's barn, a short distance this side of Salt River, about six feet, and scattered the fences in the vicinity of Salt River in all directions. It became very much wider about the time it reached Clay Township. A great many fruit trees were blown down, which was the greatest damag'e in that section. The orchard just adjoining Floyd's Creek, on the hill, was badly torn up." The tornado of June, 1880, overlooked Kirksville, but de- stroyed fences on the Foster and Fletcher farms, took up. large apple trees in the Horton orchard, lifted Horton's dwelling in the STATE *t)F MISSOUEI. 223 air and tore it in pieces, also his smokehouse and barn, and even destroyed the cultivator, carrying the implement eighty rods. Mrs. Horton and daughter were injured. William Crow's new house was lifted into the air, when the floor fell to the earth, leaving the walls and roof to be carried no one knows where, by the wind. The family came down with the floor uninjured. Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, of Clay Township, was con- verted into kindling wood. In July, 1886, a shower of hail fell near Bear Creek, dam- aging crops and breaking all the glass in the side of Mr. Fegley's house. Conclusion. — Stock farming is one of the great industries of the county, as shown in the chapter on statistics. In recent years only has much attention been given to stall-feeding; but now this branch of the industry has received a new impetus from the demand for hand-fed fat cattle. Hogs find a ready market at Kirksville and other railroad points within the county, and so with sheep, horses and mules. Grain farming has reached a very high place in the eastern townships of Adair, and even among the hills of her western town- ships, large farms and beautiful homes are to be found. For a number of years corn and wheat have given precedence to oats, of which a large surplus is always ready for export. In a word, it may be concluded that this little republic of 567 square miles holds within itself all the material to supply the necessaries of life and many of its luxuries to a population equal to eight times its present number of inhabitants, or about 125,000 persons. EXPLOEATION AND SETTLEMENT. Adair, like her sister counties of Missouri, dates the first set- tlement back in pre-historic times, when a race certainly supe- rior to the Indian, and in some respects to the Caucasian, inhab- ited the country. Beyond the various reminders of that civiliza- tion, brought to light from time to time, we have no record. The people discovered here in 1828-29 came hither within the historic period. They knew nothing of the fiint spear-head, nothing of the prices of pottery, nothing of the rich coins which 224 HI8T0BY OF ADAIK COUNTY. their red brothers unearthed in every cornfield. Not one tribal legend taught them that their ancestors were here before the Caucasian beheld the continent. They looked eastward, rather, and there, where the sun is rising, fixed the birthplace of their race — looked toward the graveyards where long lines of Indian heroes slept. The Indians of 1828-29 were exiles here. In 1829, scarcely sixty years ago, the lowas were historically connected with this part of Missouri. No doubt can exist re- garding the statement that the valley of the Chariton was known to the tribes, while yet the illustrious Spanish and French explorers were content with having seen the Mississippi; but there does not exist a record that any tribe built their villages here. Indian Treaties. — The treaty of St. Louis, between the United States and the Sacs and Foxes, made November 3, 1804, provided for the cession of all the country bounded by the Missis- sippi, Wisconsin, Fox and Illinois Elvers, on the condition of the United States paying in goods, $2,234.50, and an amount of $600 to the Sacs, and $400 to the Foxes. It was also stipulated that their wars with the Great and Little Osage Indians should forever cease, and that amity should forever exist between the first and second parties. The signatory chiefs were Layauvois, Pashepahoe or " The Giger," Quashquame or "Jumping Fish," Outchequaha or " Sun Fish," Hahshequaxhiqua or " The Bear." The iwitnesses were Pierre Chouteau, Aug. Chouteau, Charles Gratiot, John Griffin, William Prince, secretary to Gen. Harri- son, who signed for the United States. The treaty of Portage des Sioux, September 14, 1815, was signed by Black Hawk, May 13, 1816, at St. Louis. It was simply confirmatory of the treaty of 1804; but the chief declared he was wheedled into signing it. The Chicago council of August 17, 1821, resulted in robbing the Pottawattomies of 5,000,000 acres of land in Illinois and Wisconsin. Another treaty with this tribe was negotiated at Chicago, September 26, 1833. The scene was barbarous indeed. The Indians were made drunk, and in this condition were led by designing men to sign away the few privileges left them in their old home east of the Mississippi. In 1835 they received their STATE OP MISSOURI. 225 last annuity in Illinois, and were transferred to their new reser- vation in Northern and Northwestern Missouri. The treaty of August 4, 1824, made at Washington City, which was ratified in January, 1826, provided for the relinquish- ment of all title to lands in Missouri by the Sacs and Foxes, and also of the half-breed tract in the southeastern part of Iowa. At this time the confederacy numbered over 4,600. The Big Neck War. — Upon the extinction of the Indian title to the lands in Northern and Northwestern Missouri, in 1825, the Indians, who were the Sacs, Foxes and lowas, abandoned the country, and removed northward into the region now embraced within the State of Iowa. From time to time, however, they returned to their old hunting grounds in Missouri, and made temporary sojourns. The bottom lands of the " Grand Chariton" were favorite pastures for deer and elk, and the stream was filled with fish to be had for the taking. Somewhere on the Des Moines River there dwelt in the early summer of 1829 a band of sixty or seventy Iowa Indians, under the leadership of a sub-chief called Ohe-Quesa, or "Big Neck." He had formerly lived in Missouri, and knew the Chariton River country thoroughly. He was from the first dissatisfied with the treaty of 1825, and in time became seditious and rebellious, and at last removed his band back to the neighborhood of their old camping grounds, with the expressed intention, it is said, of living in the county permanently, /: Passing down the valley of the Chariton, the Indians reached the vicinity of the "cabins of the white folks," west of Kirksville. elsewhere [mentioned, and came upon the cattle and hogs of the handful of whites, grazing and feeding in the bottom. The dogs of the savages, wild and wolfish, imagined that they had dis- covered in the hogs a new species of game, and setting upon thfem soon had a dozen of them by the ears, while their masters looked on with amusement and delight. A number of pigs were killed, and the Indians had fresh pork for supper and breakfast. The next day Isaac Gross, John Cain and Jim Myers visited Big Neck at his camp, and not only protested against the conduct of the Indians, but objected to their presence in the country. "This country now belongs to us," said the white men, "and you 226 HISTOET OF ADAIE COUNTY. must leave it. Tou signed away your right to it, and now you must pay us for the hogs you have killed and go away and never come back." . In his broken English, old Big Neck replied: " I did not sign a treaty. I come here to live and you must puck-a-chee (go away) and take your cattle with you ; or, if you want to fight, come on !'''' Twenty armed warriors gathered about the leader and made sundry hostile gestures. The white men then retired to their cabins, and after a brief consultation determined to go to the settlements in Randolph County for safety and assistance. On the night of July 24, the fugitives reached the house of William Blackwell, irt Randolph County, and in a few hours the news of a threatened Indian invasion had spread throughout the Silver Creek settlements, and a company had been formed to march up and repel it. A messenger was at once dispatched to Howard County to acquaint the authorities with the alarming situation in the upper country, and by 10 o'clock, on the morning of the 25th, the volunteers set out for the cabins. The company was composed of about forty armed and mounted men and boys, and was commanded by Capt. William Trammell, a brave but prudent leader, who had been long accustomed to frontier life, with all that the term implies, and possessed the en- tire confidence of his men. Myers, Gross and Cain accompanied the volunteers as guides. Marching rapidly, Capt. Trammell and his men reached, the first night, a locality known as the " Grand Narrows " (so called from a peculiar opening in the tim- ber bordering the prairie), in what is now the southern part of Macon County. The next day they marched to the " Cabins," a distance of forty-four miles. On the morning of the 27th a coun- cil was held, and it was determined to proceed to the encampment of the Indians and compel them to leave the country. Ordering his men to load their rifles, to carefully pick their flints and look well to their primings, but to do nothing rashly and without orders, Capt. Trammell moved ten miles to the In- dian camp, which was on the east bank of the Chariton, northeast of the present site of Nineveh, and a little north of the farm of Mr. Motter, where a line was formed and an interpreter called for. Big Neck and some of his warriors came forward, and STATE OF MISSOUEI. 227 a brief conference ensued. Capt. Trammell was cool and col- lected. He informed the Indians that he did not desire a fight, but that they were trespassers in the country and must depart ; that no serious objection would be made to their entering the country peaceably, merely to hunt and fish, but that a permanent occupation would not be permitted, and since the Indians had committed some outrages, they must, by way of penalty and expi- ation, leave forthwith. Big Neck seemed inclined to assent to the demands of Trammell, and the matter was in a fair way to be settled without a fight. But certain spirits on each"side were determined, as it seemed, that the affair should not terminate peaceably. Several among the whites declared that they had not "come so far for nothing," and demanded that the Indians be at once driven off. Capt. Trammell commanded his men to keep quiet, and observing his main line to be coming forward rode a few steps to the rear and ordered the men back to their places. But many of the Indians began to load their guns, and some of them took to the trees. The Indian to whom Myers had referred began to prime his piece and Milton Bozarth called out to Myers, who was looking in another direction, "Look out, Jim, or he will shoot you!" Instantly, Myers turned, presented his gun, fired and shot the Indian through the head, killing him instantly. A brief scene of confusion and tumult arose. The Indians raised the war-whoop and opened fire. The squaws, with peculiar shrieks and cries, retreated bearing their papooses. Capt. Tram- mell gave the command to fire, and the fight was on ; it was of short duration. Only fifteen of the whites discharged their pieces. The Indians advanced, yelling and shouting, and the whites, demoralized as much by the blood-curdling war-whoops, as by the fierce and unexpected resistance they had encountered, fled in panic and great disorder. The horses were badly fright- ened; some of them became unmanageable, and throwing their riders dashed madly away. The whites retreated down the Chariton, in the direction of the settlements in Randolph. Some crossed the river and fol- lowed it down the west bank. It was save himself who can. Perhaps half of the company, Trammell at the head, passed down 228 HISTOBY OF ADAIR COUNTX. by the cabins, and taking up two women and a few children, bore them away, continuing the flight throughout the entire night, and never halting until within five miles of Huntsville. From here the women and children were sent farther down, into How- ard County. Three of the whites were killed. Powell Owenby was thrown from his horse and ran into a brush patch and was killed ; Frayer Myers, father of the man who fired the first shot, was shot through the body, and from appearances died in a few minutes; William Wynn was killed, and his body was found charred and blackened, and almost unrecognizable. It was believed that he had been wounded, taken prisoner, and burned to death. All of the three were killed within half a mile of the Indian camp. Capt. Trammell was mortally wounded, and died within a few days after reaching his home. A man named Asbell carried an arrow in his body all the way to Howard County, before it was extracted. Perhaps half a dozen others were wounded more or less seriously. On the side of the Indians, three were known to have been killed. As soon as might be a company of seventy-five men were raised in Bandolph and Howard, and accompanied by Richardson, Ouess, William Blackwell, Isaac Gross, Jim Myers and others who had participated in the fight, set out at once for the scene. This company was commanded by Capt. John Sconce, a brave and experienced Indian fighter, who afterward resided in Kay County, and. led his famous company of "spies" in the Florida war, doing gallant service at the battle of Okeechobee. Capt. Sconce led his company to the battlefield, and found that the Indians had retreated. He followed the trail some miles, when, realizing that the Indians had passed out of the country and beyond pur- suit, he returned and buried the bodies of Wynn, Owenby and Myers, and then went back to Howard County. A regiment of militia from Howard and Randolph, under Col. John B. Clark (afterward member of Congress, brigadier-general in the Mis- souri rebel army, etc.), was sent up the Chariton to the State boundary, but no Indians nor "signs" were found, and on the 10th of August, writing from Fayette, Gen. Clark reported that the ^'disturbances" had ceased. STATE OF MISSOURI. 229 A battalion was raised in Chariton and Howard, and sent up to co-operate with Col. Clark's command. This battalion was commanded by Gen. Peter Owens. One of the captains was Maj. Daniel Ashby, of Chariton. The following extracts describing the services and experiences of this battalion in the " Big Neck War," are from a manuscript account of that episode, written by Maj. Ashby himself many years ago, and may be of interest in this connection : "The whites being defeated, evacuated the country, and, as in all such cases, it created great alarm in the outside settlements. There was a great deal of ^nnecessa^y running done, as usually transpires in such alarms. Upon the alarm of Indians all who are in the least exposed will fancy themselves in danger. Espec- ially when night comes on they imagine some great danger or bugbear and cannot sleep, and when daylight returns they are off at once for some more safe place. This time all the out or ex- posed settlements ran in, and I afterward learned that the Indians ran also ! " There was a part of a regiment, composed of men raised in Howard and Chariton Counties, all under the command of Gen. Owens, of Fayette. A company of seventy-six men, raised in Chariton County, elected me as their captain, James Heryford lieutenant, and ^l^ner Finnell, ensign. After the election of officers I wrote to Gen. Owens at Fayette, that the company was ready for active service, and awaited his orders. In reply to my letter Gen. Owens returned me the following order : Gapt. Daniel Ashby: — You will, with your company, proceed to the lower Iowa village, on Grand River, and reconnoiter the country from said village eastwardly to the BigRackheap, on the Grand Chariton River, where my com- mand will be by the time you arrive there, when you will join my command. P. OwBNS, Oom't. " I started on the march with my men within an hour after receiving this order. We encamped at Cross' schoolhouse that night, and I went home, leaving the command with the other officers. On my return the next morning I found many of the men and some of the officers drunk. I made diligent inquiry and learned that after my leaving, the evening before, a motion was made by some one (whether an officer or not I don't know), and it carried, to send to Heryford's for whisky, which, judging from 230 HISTOEY OF ADAIR COUNTY. the efiPect it had on the company, was very strong ; and I might add it was very mean whisky, for some of the most civil, well- behaved men were on their horses, galloping up and down the camp, firing pistols, hallooing ' fire,' sliouting ' halt !' etc. The first order I gave was to fall into line of march ; I then gave orders to ' make ready,' and then, ' take aim — -fire ! ' At the discharge of the guns I ordered them to ' shoulder arms,' and then I marched them off with empty guns. It was lucky I did this, for we had not marched more than two or three miles until two men, both non-commissioned officers, quarreled, and would have shot each other if they had not been compelled first to load; while they were loading I ordered them taken prisoners and their arms taken from them, and that they be marched without arms, under guard, until we stopped for noon, by which time all the whisky and its effects had disappeared and the guard also. I had them tried by some of the officers and they passed sentence that they should be reprimanded by the captain, which was done, and this ended all the difficulty that happened in my company during the campaign. " In compliance with the order of Gen. Owens, we went to the Indian village named therein, but found nothing but peaceful Indians, who seemed very much surprised and very sorry over the disturbance, and they came to me with the calumet, or pipe of peace, for me to smoke, saying they were all ' arro-pee,' the same as 'we are all right.' We then left, and encamped at the three forks of Yellow Creek. Next day we arrived about sunset at a high bluff on the Grand Chariton Eiver, about two miles be- low the Big Eackheap.* From here I sent two platoons of six men each to the top of the bluff, with orders for them both to fire if necessary, giving ten minutes between the firing of each platoon, but in three or four minutes after the first fire, I heard a similar report about two miles northeast, across the Chariton River, which was nearly bank full. " Charles JSeryford swam across it, about seventy yards, car- rying his rifle in his hand. We then constructed a raft of dry logs upon which we carried our camp equipage and a few old men, * The " big rackheap" was a huge drift of timber in the Chariton, In the upper portion oj Macon County. The bottom was covered for several acres with logs, trunks of trees, and other pieces of timber brought there from time to time by the floods.— Ccmipifer. STATE OF MIS80UEI. 231 and the remainder swam across. We fixed up as soon as we could and marched to Gen. Owens' headquarters. On the way we met an escort that piloted us into camp, when we took our position in the main army. We lay in camp several days, wait- ing for some troops that had been sent on a long scout, who, on their return, reported they had followed the Indian trail north about forty miles, and that the signs appeared to be eight or ten days old, and it also appeared that the Indians were marching in great haste. "The command [Gen. Clark's J also reported that on the trail they found a dead Indian, who, judging from all appear- ances, was a chief. He was sitting up by a tree, tied by strips of bark, which were wound around him in several places. He was profusely decorated with beads and feathers. His blanket, which was very large and fine, was wrapped around him. His leggins and moccasins were also of the finest materials, and decorated with beads and porcupine quills, all worked together in a fanciful style. His hair was long, hanging down his back in a very graceful manner; it was lightly tinged with gray about the temples, and the front part of it was plaited in small braids. In his ears were large brass rings, and his nose had small silver rings attached to the center. By his right side there was a bow and a large quiver of arrows. Around him was gracefully fas- tened an officer's belt of wampum, which was very highly orna- mentefl with white, red, and green beads, and about his neck were large strings of beads of various colors, some of which hung down on his breast over a foot. He had around him a belt made of dressed elk hide, in which was a butcher knife and also a fine pipe-tomahawk, with a handle about twenty inches in length and very nicely wrapped, and finely plaited porcupine quills of vari- ous colors. He was sitting on a buffalo robe neatly folded. There was fastened to his wampum sash a large silver brooch, with the square and compass engraved on it. He was a fine portly looking Indian, and had been shot in the right breast, which killed him almost instantly. After taking a good look at him, many of our command seemed to regret his death, though killed in battle with our frontier settlers. "We were then put under marching orders, with the announce- 232 HISTOBY OF ADAIE COUNTY. ment from Gen. Owens that, the enemy having fled, there was no necessity to keep up military discipline, and that the captains should take command of their companies and march them to their respective counties and discharge them at as early a day as possi- ble. So we formed in companies and marched home, to again take up our ordinary pursuits; and this ended the Big Neck War." Old Ohe-Quesa, or Big Neck, returned to the Des Moines River territory, where he sojourned many years before his death, which occurred in 1844. A stream in Davis and Van Buren Counties, Iowa, is called Ohequest, a corruption of Che-Quesa, and was named for the old chief, who once lived on its banks. The Black Hawk Troubles.— In 18.80-31 the Big Neck "War of the Chariton country was repeated in Illinois. In that year Black Hawk and his people returned from their annual trans- Mississippi hunt, only to find their cabins on Rock River tenanted by the families of the whites, and their own women and children shelterless on the banks of the river. The red men were indig- nant, but did not then venture to dispossess the whites. In 1831 they returned and took possession of their corn fields and cabins. This was in accordance with the treaty of 1804, which gave per- mission to them to live there until the lands were sold by the United States. Against all justice Gov. Reynolds sent the Illi- nois militia to drive them out. On their approach Black Hawk sent a flag of truce, a new treaty was made, and the tribe agreed to move across the river and never recross it without the permis- sion of the United States or the State of Illinois. The Indians understood that they signed simply not to recross the river with hostile intent. Dnder this belief they with their families crossed the river in view of Fort Armstrong, April 6, 1832. The move was construed by the whites as a hostile one, and the old British- Indian chief and his tribe were hunted to captivity, death or star- vation. Treaties with Sacs and Foxes. — By the treaty of September 21, 1832, the Sacs and Foxes ceded to the United States a tract of land on the eastern boundary of Iowa, fifty miles wide, from the northern boundary of Missouri to the mouth of the Upper Iowa River, or about 6,000,000 acres. One of the articles of this treaty ^g^2^^^^^^:^ fDCCCASEDj /lOAIR COUNTY- STATE OF MISSOUKI. 233 provided for the Sac and Fox reservation of 400 square miles, which included Keokuk's reserve. This reserve was ceded in 1836. Keokuk and Pashapaho, with thirty other chiefs, repre- sented the Indians in 1832. The lowas were at one time identified with the Sacs and Foxes, but withdrew from that tribe. Subsequently they selected Van Buren County, Iowa, us their headquarters, and there they were attacked by the Sacs and Foxes under Pashapaho, with Black Hawk, then a young man, in command of the young warriors. The lowas were attending the periodical horse race, unarmed, of course. Their enemies attacked them in force, and destroyed their power, killing men, women and children indiscriminately, and burning their village. Among the contemporary chiefs of Black Hawk were Appa- noose, Pashapaho, Hardfish, Kiskekosh, Napope and WapfeUo. Hardfish's band were the irreconcilables of the tribe. Wapello died at the forks of Skunk Eiver, March 15, 1842, and was suc- ceeded by Poweshiek as the senior chief of the confederated tribes, while the new confederate chief's tribe was placed under Pasheshamore, who was in command when the Sacs and Foxes were moved to the Indian Territory. Keokuk led his tribe to Kansas in 1845, and died there from the effects of whisky. Wykoma, Wapello's son, is said to be still living. Few old settlers of Northern Missouri fail to recall the days of the Indian exodus. They remember that August of 1842 when the treaty was made which wrested from the Indians their last reservation in Iowa. In May, 1843, the Indians were moved westward, and were allowed to hunt through the territory west of a line drawn north and south' through Bed Eock, Iowa. Their principal village was at Ottumwa, called by them Ottumwano. Even this privilege was to extend only to October 11, 1845, when the whole confederacy was moved south. The scenes connected with the removal of the tribe from Ottumwa to the temporary reservation in the severe winter of 1842-43 were heartrending in the extreme. That fearful weather called forth from the tribe curses on the white man, and even their own chiefs, who signed away their lands, did not escape. The tribal prophet impressed upon the people that all this pun- 234 HISTORY OF ADAIR COUNTY. ishment was inflicted by the Great Spirit because they had agreed to barter away their country, and to appease their god all the sacred rites of their creed were performed with a solemnity awful in its sincerity. Shortly after the Government established a mil- itary and trading post, known as Fort Des Moines, and roun(^ it for almost three years, this unfortunate people lived in abject misery. Everything was done to debase them, nothing to raise them up from the condition into which contact with the white man brought them. When the final order came to move forever from their prairie hunting grounds, grief and wretchedness ' found expression in the tears of woman and wairrior. So appall- ing was the scene that Schoolcraft wrote : I will go to my -tent and lie down in despair; I will paint me with black and will sever my hair; I will sit on the shore where the 'hurricane blows; And reveal to the God of the Tempest my .woes. I will weep for a season, on bitterness fed. For my kindred are gone to the hills of the dead; But they died not of hunger or lingering decay — The hand of white man hath swept them away. Boundarg Line Troubles. — The settlement of the Iowa and Missouri boundary question came up in 1838. The Iowa people established a line, which they believed to be the just south line of their young State. Missouri defined her northern boundary to be the parallel of latitude running through the rapids, in the Mississippi, above the mouth of the Des Moines River, and insisted on running their line west from a point just below Keosauqua, about ten miles north of the true line. This gave the lowans a chance to repeat the action of Michigan vs. Ohio in 1832. The name of Iowa's Governor was the same as that of Ohio's some years before ; the strip in question, west of the Mis- sissippi in 1838, was only a few miles wider than the six mile strip, which brought on the little civil war, known as the Toledo War. Missouri was determined to hold the tract, and officials of Clark, Macon and other counties were prompt in assessing and collecting taxes. Sheriffs levied on the personal effects of a few ; when the tocsin was sounded the Missouri officials were arrested, and 1,200 men of Iowa stood armed to defend their State; Gov. Boggs of Missouri called out the State militia, and very little STATE OF MISSOURI. 235 proTocatioii was necessary to precipitate war. Under such cir- cumstances Gens. Dodge and Churchman, with Dr. Clark, were despatched to the State House of Missouri with a message of peace. On arriving their they found that Gov. Boggs had sent messengers to the Governor of Iowa, and that the commissioners of Macon and Clark Counties had called back their days of war and tax collectors. A suit was instituted under authority ^iven by Congress, which resulted in favor of Iowa. William G. Miner of Missouri and H. B. Hendershott of Iowa were then appointed commissioners to survey and establish the line as at present known. Pioneers. — The first settlement of Adair County was made in 1828 by James Myers, Isaac and Stephen Gross, Nathan Bichardson, Eeuben Myrtle and a single man named Gupp. They settled on the farms of George and Philip Cain and King Collet, six miles west of Kirksville. At that time the red man and wild animals were the principal occupants of the country west of the ridge, while eastward, on the prairie and openings, the buffalo and deer found a pleasant home. The nearest settlement was that of James Loe, down in what is now Macon County. Shortly after the above named men came in they were joined by Canady Owensby, William Taylor, David E. Sloan, William Parcels and son, W. H. Parcels, Josiah Rogers and Abe Earhart. William Parcels came on horseback from Kentucky in 1838, and in 1839 brought his family, and settled on the west side of the Chariton, three miles below Sloan's Point. In 1888 Canady Owensby settled on the farm where he resided in 1882, being the only one of that set who held the old home. In 1840 D. E. Sloan settled west of the North Missouri Eailrbad, and built the house in which Mrs. Murphy resided. He opened the first trading house in this district in front of where W. L. Grigg, now of Kansas, resided, hauling salt, flour, powder and lead from Hannibal, which he traded for hides and produce. Withrow opened another trading house just north of Kirksville. Early in 1829 the Cliftons, Cains (John Cain, father of George, hitherto mentioned) and Eobert Miller arrived — some with their families, some came simply as prospectors to look 236 HISTOET OF ADAIE COUNTY. the ground over. Jolin Cain bought the claims of the Myers family, about 1,000 acres, for $20, and one claim for a pair of shoe leathers. Ool. Jones, John Cain and Clifton brought with them hand mills, and when Cain's first crop of wheat was har- vested and a few bundles threshed, the powerful daughters of Robert Miller and Col. Jones, four remarkable pioneer girls, assisted the female head of the Cain family to sift the flour through thin cotton stretched over a piece of Buckeye bark just pealed from the tree for that purpose. The flour obtained was not sufficient to make bread for this harvest company, so it was made into a flour pudding. Jack Floyd, a ranger of Adair County, early in the thirties, was killed at the raising of Tribue's mill in Clark County. He it was who killed the dreaded wolf of the St. Francisville trail. Together with Floyd, several hunters and trappers, working directly for P. Chouteau & Co. among the Sacs and Foxes, were known here at that day. Andrew Bozarth and his sons, with Isaac Parton, came here in 1830, leaving their families in Howard County. That year they made an attempt at a clearing, and planted some corn in Pettis Township, where the Brookfield bank robbers were captured some years ago. This son is now a resident of Liberty Town- ship, and he remembers distinctly that the Bozarth family arrived the following year, settling near the corn patch. In 1882 young Bozarth had charge of a pack-horse and accom- panied the troops sent hither to protect the settlement. At this time he was only nine years of age, and had the experience of being lost for one night in the forest. Among the tragic events of pioneer times was the death of Avington Bozarth, by drown- ing in the Chariton Eiver. In 1833 Hiram Bozarth came to this county, preceded by Thomas Parton and Isaac Hargis. In the summer of 1832 a block-house was constructed on the Cain farm, where King Collet now resides, and a smaller one on the ridge at Long Point, just outside the city limits of Kirksville. The following story is related of the only veteran of the Rev- olution who has ever been known to reside here. This was about 1832. His name was John Lay, who was accompanied by his wife and son, the latter a gray -haired and tottering old man. STATE OF MISSOURI. 237 They halted at the William Horton cabin to ask some questions, when the latter related his surprise at such an old, old man being on the road to the west. " Yes," replied Lay, Jr., "I am pretty old, but I had to come a long way to keep father and mother com- pany; they are in the wagon." "Well now, by thunder," said Horton, as he jumped ofE the fence, " stop your team, I want to see them." This was done, and there were the old soldier and his wife — each full of life and delighted with the frontier. This aged woman, it is said, could spin a dozen of flax a day, even after she became a centenarian. Nathaniel Floyd came to Adair County in 1832, and settled on the farm owned by G. Grebbs. At that time there was but the single settlement in Barton Township, and one at Moccasin- ville, now Macon. The cottonwood tree on the Grebbs' place, which was set out in the spring of Harrison's inauguration, by Na- than Floyd's daughter, to support a campaign flag, was ten feet eight inches in circumference in 1882. Prairie fires as well as bush fires were then common, fflt the Indians were accustomed to encir- cle a large tract of country with fire so as to corrall the game. In one of those instances Floyd and his wife had an . adventure. They had been visiting neighbors, and on returning saw that they were cut off from home by a line of fire. The horses could not be driven across it, so Mrs. Floyd undertook to cross the line. Her woolen clothing caught fire, and burned to the last shred, and long before her husband discovered her, for he took the horses a circuitous route, and on reaching home had to set out in search of his wife, who was not found until the next day. The marks of this terrible burning she carried with her to the grave. Another story is related by William Floyd, who, while riding through the heavy prairie grass — as high as his horse's back, saw an object which seemed to leap or to be tossed high above the grass about 200 yards ahead. As he approached he could see it was a man, and on hastening hither found Coleman Stew- art lying on the ground beside a large buck, which had one antler torn off, and forelegs tied with a suspender. Stewart, on seeing him, cried out, " for God's sake help me Will, for I'm near gone." Floyd cut the deer's throat, and put an end to the struggle. It appears Stewart shot off the horn, and stunned the deer, which 238 HISTORY OF ADAIR COUNTY. on recovering attacked the hunter. Stewart, however, held the remaining antler, and in the struggle which resulted in his pin- ning the animal down and tying its forelegs, he exhausted his strength and lay down beside his prey. Jesse Walker and the Adkins were here prior to 1835, but Jones and others left the wilderness with the intention of returning. From 1835 to 1845 the Indians were regular visitors. Keo- kuk's Indians were friendly, but not so their dogs, which often- times attacked hog pens, and killed the grunting inmates. Under such provocation the settler or settlers would complain, some- times so emphatically that the red men never revisited that locality. In the fall of 1832 Bennett Brown and Samuel Hoy came hither with cattle. In their report they speak of the black bear being plenty on Billy's Creek, panther everywhere, black wolves in small packs, and forest wolves arranged by two packs to every four square miles, otter and muskrat always ready for the hunter, and honey to supply 10,000 tables. After this, when the tax gatherer from Macon appeared, his bill against the set- tlers would be paid in beeswax, wolf scalps or small furs. In 1835, when Robert Myers settled on Bear Creek, two miles south of the present county seat, his only neighbors were Jesse Walker and James Myers, the latter a pioneer of 1828. The Adkins family resided in a cabin, five' miles away. Nathan- iel Floyd lived seven miles distant, and John Cain, eight miles away. This Eobert was the son of John Myers, who was killed in the battle with the Indians on the Chariton, a brother of James Myers, who precipitated that battle, and also of John Myers, Jr. His wife was Martha Lynch, daughter of that soldier of the Revolution — Henry Lynch, a native of Ireland, but an old settler of Maryland in 1776. In his statement he makes the assertion that his neighbors of 1835 and himself were the only heads of families then residing within the present limits of Adair County, and he is positive that each of those men had to go to Huntsville, sixty miles distant, to mill, and so continued until the introduc- tion of the hand mill in the fall of 1836 or 1837. Edward Stewart settled on what was the Nason farm in STATE OF MISSOUEI. 28^ 1882, on Steer Creek. In 1837 he purchased 160 acres in Floyd County, from Nancy Floyd, paying her two and a half pounds of coffee. When he came in 1831 he brought 200 hogs, which grew fat on the mast, and realized large profits. Stewart and Frank Adkins were great hunters; at one time they had eight or ten barrels of honey and over 100 bee trees standing in the woods. Ned Stewart's hunting experiences were varied and numerous. One day, with his brother, George, he tracked a bear into a thicket on Steer Creek, sent in the dogs, and surrounded the hiding place. In a short time the dogs were heard ; in a moment a huge panther dashed past, and in another George came rushing up, saying, " there is a den of. devils in here, and they're killing every dog we've got." Rushing his horse through the bush he saw one of his dogs with a leg broken. Dismounting he bound the wound with his shirt sleeve, then proceeded to the scene of battle, saw a huge female panther bound into the thicket, leaving two cur panthers in the arena, which on seeing him fled. George soon arrived, and pulling one of the junior panthers from beneath a log, the combat was transferred from panthers and dogs to panthers and men. George swung the panther round and round until Ned came to his relief; the latter tried to enwrap the swing- ing brute in a quilt, but it was torn in shreds ; a large tanned deer skin was next tried, and the instant this enwrapped the animal George let go his hold, and on the ground the panther struggled for liberty. Both men leaped on the animal and when he worked his paws through the hide, seized and tied them, then placed a pole on his neck, next tied his hind feet, and then turned their attention to the other cur which ran up'a tree. Ned climbed up and cut down the limb on which the panther No. 4 rested. No sooner did the animal reach the ground than he sprang up the tree in pursuit of his tormentor, but George caught his tail, and held him until Ned came down when both captured the brute. Dur- ing all this time the dogs kept the old female panther off, and she was driven up a tree; she was so furious they did not dare approach her. Ned fired twice and broke both her shoulders. Still she fought, and the men dared not shoot for fear of killing a dog. George threw a hatchet at her which struck her above the eyes ; the hickory handle she caught and tore into splinters and even left 240 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. the tracks of her teeth on the blade. Ultimately Ned Stewart shot her through the head, and then left the field of combat fol- lowed by the male panther to within a few rods of their home This they followed next day and killed. They sold the cubs in Randolph County to a shdwman for |50. Owensby was the first to settle on the prairie. Hiram Reed was the first white settler in Liberty Township. When it is con- sidered that it required five or six yoke of oxen to break this prairie it is no wonder that men selected the friable soil of the valleys, however unwise such a selection might prove. Owensby could only work on his prairie farm early in the morning or late in the afternoon, for, during sunshine, myriads ^of green-headed flies would drive his cattle or horses wild; even the deer were driven into the woods by this horde of flies. In the matter of mills, the pioneers of 1836-67 brought with them handmills, and as those became worn out, they looked to the two water-mills for aid. Sometimes these mills would be rendered useless by high water, when a general round of borrow- ing was resorted to, but in some instances, as in the case of an early wedding, boiled hominy was the sole grain dish presented; corn partly boiled, then grated and made into bread was another means of meeting an emergency. Robert Miller's four daughters stand as monuments of early days. Those strong-limbed, shapely damsels would hew logs, and raise a house or barn with their father's help. Col. Jesse Jones, from Mercer County, Ky., came to Randolph County, about 1832. About 1835 he sent "Rob" and "Paulina" up to Adair, on the Chariton, west of Kirksville to run a stock ranch — horses, cattle and hogs. In the spring of 1837 the Jones and Collets came, and Jones opened a farm on Section 10, Town- ship 62, Range 16, clearing heavy timber, etc. Col. Jones had about twenty slaves, one of which, "Uncle Isaac," is still living. He had a water-mill on the Chariton at the Macon County line, put up a horse-mill at his farm, had a ferry which ferried scores of emigrant teams to the Grand River country, and also had a small store, bringing goods from Hannibal, by way of Shelbyville, fol- lowing the " bee trail" part of the way. The flies were so bad he had to travel at night in summer. He whip-sawed some lum- STATE OF MISSOUBI. 241 ber for his buildings. He stated that there were only about six families here when he came — Bozarths, Owensbys and others. Fulcher and Easton lived on Upper Chariton. Among the settlers who came to the county in 1842 were the following well-known heads of families : David B. Eice, Nathaniel Scoville, Simeon Carson, A. T. Hite, William Eoberts, Thomas Jackson, William Tillotson, John Singleton, Eichard West, the Pollards, Thomas Williams, the Lesleys (on Chariton, below the wagon ford, before 1842, for inNbvember, 1842, the place is spoken of as Lesley's "old place"), George Buckalew (bridge on north fork of Salt Eiver), A. S. Bryant, John E. Adkins, Anson N. Eobinson, John Michael, Hugh Michael, Henry Davis, David A. Ely, John Boyle, Joseph and Horatio Delbridge (of Benton Township), Henry Adkins, A. J. Bernard, Squire Holman, James T. Kirk, William Waggoner, Mancel Garrett, John B. Earhart, Joseph Stewart, Dr. Abram Still, Levy Lanesberry, George Clevenger, and others, whose names are given in the history of the courts of 1841-42. Andrew H. and W. P. Linder came to the county in October, 1839, settling in Township 61, Eange 16. The year following A. H. Linder purchased lands on Section 32, in Township 62, on the same range. At this time William H. Parcels resided east of Linder's new home. Hiram Eeed, an unenviable neighbor and very suspicious character, built his cabin near the present hamlet of Linderville in 1838. Two or three families named Harguses, resided on Section 34, Township 62, Eange 16, east of the Chariton. Survey of the Public Lands. — The United States survey of the public lands of Adair County was carried out under McEoberts & Allen. The first named completed the survey up to Township 61 ; the latter, assisted by B. A. Bozart, surveyed north of Township 61 ; McEoberts completed his part of the work in 1838, while two years later Allen reported the northern townships ready for the market. First Entries of the Public Lands. — No sooner were the sur- veys completed and the lands opened for entry than a rush was made to the land office by both settlers and speculators. Among the latter was an officer of the land office, who, while, it is said, 242 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. attending to clerical duties, cjid not forget other duties for him- self, such as entering several quarter sections of the best lands. In presenting the list of the earliest land buyers in each township it is not the intention to consider any of them as pioneer settlers, because, in other sections of this work, the men who cleared their farms along the Chariton, or broke the prairie along Salt Eiver, are referred to. '" The names, however, must be for all time associated with the beginnings of the county's prog- ress and actual settlement. Original Entries. — Original entries of lands in Township 61 north, Eange 13 west, now known as the eastern eighteen sections of Wilson Township are as follows: Peter J. Soners, April 22, 1856 ; Thomas Davidson, September, 1853; Obediah Prekston, Decem- ber, 1854; W. H. Casey, June, 1855; Sidney Smith, November, 1855; William Prekston, February, 1855; H. B. Hukman, November, 1855, and John Creary, August, 1854, were the original owners of Section 4. The north half of Section 5 was selected by the State under act of 1841, while James Wilson entered the southwest quarter in June, 1839, and Thomas Glass- cock the southeast quarter in April, 1839. The buyers of Sec- tion 6 were David H. Culbertson, ' July, 1857; Theodore Papin, September, 1855; Jose|ph Gaston, December, 1851; Andrew Armstron'g, same time; Busebius B. Waterman, March 10, 1855; and the State selection, east half of the northeast quarter, under act of 1841. Section 7 was disposed of as follows: Theodore Papin, north half, September, 1855; Joseph L. Papin, southwest quarter and northwest quarter of the southeast quarter, September 1, 1855; D. S. Eoberts, south half of the southeast quarter, April, 1855; and John Creary, northeast quarter of the southeast quar- ter in November, 1853. Section 8 was purchased in small tracts, the east half of the northeast quarter being entered as swamp land in April, 1859, and the west half bought by Thomas Glass- cock in April, 1839. James Wilson and Benjamin Wilson bought three-quarters of the northwest quarter in 1839, and John Creary the southwest forty acres in November, 1853. The Wilsons entered most of the north half of the south part of Section 8 in 1839 ; Joseph Chick also bought there, while John Creary and B. P. Clurd purchased in 1854 and 1856. All of the section was STATE OF MISSOUKI. 243 I , selected by the State in 1841, except Josiah Well's west half of the southwest quarter entered in November, 1840; Edmund Eeitter's east half of the southeast quarter in April, 1839, and John and Eliza Creary's east half of the northeast quarter in 1853-54. Section 16 was reserved as school land. Section 17 was pur- chased by J. D. W. Thompson, southeast quarter in September, 1849; Adam Arn and Manuel Posten, in 1855-56, northeast quarter; Samuel, William and Thomas Davidson and Eusebius B. Waterman purchased the west half in 1854-56. The purchasers of Section 18, between 1854 and 1856, were William and John 0. Davidson, Joseph Papin, William W. Holmes and Frederick Lowery. In 1853, 1855 and 1856 the west half of Section 19 was entered by James H., James T., Stephen and William Wil- son, Sylvanus Burkharfc and John B. Shelton; the north half of the east half by Thomas Glasscock in 1839; John Davidson in 1839; William Wilson in 1855; the south half in 1856 by Benjamin P. Curd, Sylvanus Burkhart, J. B. Shelton and W. S. Wilson. In Section 20 the west half of the southwest quarter was sold to David 0. Sloan, November 1, 1838, and the east half to Louis Vanlandingham. Ellis Wilson, John and Sam Davidson purchased each forty acres in the northwest quarter, while Peter Kelly pur- chased forty acres there in 1838. The east half of the east half of Section 20 was purchased by Ellis Wilson and Joseph Chick in 1839, and the west half of east half by Wilson and Chick in 1839, and S. B. Davidson and Kindred S. Fets, in 1855-56. Section 21 was sold between 1839 and 1855. K. S. Pets and William Montgomery bought in 1839; John Q. Pemberton, the northwest quarter in 1853; and P. B. Curd and K. S. Pets, in 1854-55. The southwest quarter of Section 28 was sold to Alfred Gupton, January 11, 1839, and the west half of the northwest quarter in February, that year, to Stephen E. Gupton; John Serat, J. Q. Pemberton, B. P. Curd, and K. S. Fets bought the bal- ance, except the State selection or the east half of the southeast quarter. The north half of Section 29 was purchased in Novem- ber, 1838, by Simon W. Souther, a part of southeast quarter in 1839 by Alex Simmonds, and the remainder of the section in 1853-56 by Joel 0. Wilson, Eeuben Jackson and William Tompkins. Section 30 was sold in 1854-56 in small tracts to 244 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. Jacob , Gilstrap, Samuel Vance, Nancy Wilson, J. H. Wilson, B. P. Ourd, in the east half; Washburn Wade, Stephen Wilson, J. J. Maxey, J. Q. Matthews, in the west half. The entries of Section 31 were James I. Sparks, in May, 1839, west half south- east and all southwest quarter; James C Miles, south half of the northwest quarter in 1854^56 ; John Send north half north- west quarter in 1855 ; Samuel Vance, Henry 0. Mathews, Aug. D. and M. J. B. Delassus and Fountain Dougherty. Section 32 was purchased in 1855 by Josephine Papin, with the exception of forty acres by Francis E. Spencer. In Section 33 Stephen Gup- ton purchased 'the northeast quarter in 1839; William Pepper, the east half of the northwest quarter ; J. Q. Pemberton, the west half of the northwest quarter ; George J. Bitler, 120 acres, south- west quarter, David Einger, forty acres, while Isaac H. Jones' eighty acres, Peter J. Saver's forty and Isaac D. Hatmaker's forty made up the southeast quarter. Thomas M. Easley entered the southeast quarter of the south- east quarter of Section 1 ; Elijah D. Gale, the northwest quarter of Section 15, in 1850; Hugh Wilson, 120 acres of the northwest quarter of Section 24, in 1839, also forty acres in the southwest quarter, the same year; Elijah Wade, the southwest quarter of Section 25, in 1839 ; William N. Morris, 80 acres in the south- east quarter of Section 31, in 1850-52; Henry C. Bernard, the north half of the southeast quarter of Section 30, in December, 1839. Outside of those early entries the balance of the township was sold between 1852 and 1856. In Township 61 north, Eange 15, or east part of Pettis, the following entries were made: Andrew J. Jones entered the east half of the northeast quarter of Section 5; Andrew Hatfield, the east half, and Michael G. Olem, the west half of the southeast quar- ter, in October and November, 1839, James Nicholas purchased Section 4 from 1839 to 1854. Noah Stukey entered the east half of Section 7, in 1839. Thomas J. Meeks, Levi Nicholas and Benjamin Murphy, entered lands south in 1839, 1840 and 1841. Section 30 was entered in 1839, by Jeremiah Praether, John Wood, John Murphy, Thomas Howard and Thomas Murphy. Charles G. Buckley bought the east half of the southeast quar- ter in 1840; Sect^n 29 was all taken up in 1839, by Joseph STATE OF MISSOUBl. 245 Claybrook, Hugh, Mioliael and Jerry Praether; so witli three- quarters of Section 31 — Gabriel Johnson, James Gross and Isaac Crossj purchased in 1839. Sections 8, 9 and 10 were mainly purchased in 1839, by James Nicholas, William H. Horton, George Horton, A. Hatfield, Jesse Kirk, T. S. Birch, B. S. Fur- nish and Noah Stukey. Thomas J. Meeks had 360 acres on Sec- tion 15, in 1839. Thomas Allan, Stanton Carter and Elisha Mc- Daniel had bought on Section 22, in 1839. Tilly Emerson bought on Section 26, with others, in 1839, and Archibald T. Hill, in Section 35. There were a few entries in 1840, 1841 to 1845, but not until 1850 did the immigrants come in large numbers. In 1856 every acre outside the school section, and a very small area of swamp land, claimed private ownership. Township 61 north. Range 16 west, or west three sections of Pettis, and east three sections of Walnut Township, dates the beginning of its land sales from 1840. In January of that year Larkin Eichardson purchased the northeast quarter of Section 5. In June, 1843, Robert Baldwin bought the southeast quarter. A. H. Linder bought the north half of northeast quarter in Sep- tember, 1840, and Benjamin Millay the south half of that quar- ter in 1845. William P. Linder and Marion Samuels bought round the Section 4 swamp in 1840. The Linders, Nicholases and Richardsons bought other tracts that year in the northern sections. Joseph Knight and Ichabod Moberly bought in the north half of Section 21 ; Harden Hargis, in Section 84 ; Jesse Jones, southwest quarter of Section 33, and Champterry Carter, in Section 80, during the year 1840. A few other sales were made prior to 1850, but after that date the township was bought up rapidly. Township 61 north. Range 17 west, or the western thirty-six sections of Walnut Township, may be said to have been purchased within the last thirty-one years, or in 1856-57. The greater part was sold in 1857. Thomas Rhoads made the first entry, Octo- ber 16, 1853, on the south half of the west half of the northwest quarter of Section 1. Township 62 north, Range 13 west, or the eastern part of Salt River Township, dates the beginning of the sale of the lands back to 1839, although the north half was disposed of mainly in 1855- 246 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. 66, John r. Thrasher being the exception, he buying the north- west quarter of Section 17 in April, 1839. James Wilson and Nicholas Oonkle on Section 20, Peter Conkle and John F. Thrasher on Section 29, Dayid Thomas on Section 30, Mar- garet R. Houston and Peter Conkle on Section 31, were the buy- ers in 1839. Township 62 north, Range 14 west, or the western thirty-six sections of Salt River Township, was bought up in the fifties, ex- cept Jane and Abraham Earh art's eighty acres in Section 26, purchased in 1845-46. Township 62 north, Range 15 west, or the western thirty-six sections of Benton, may be said to have been sold within the decade 1846-1856. The site of Kirksville was entered December 25, 1846, by Jonathan Floyd, in trust for the county. Township 62 north. Range 16 west, or western part of Benton and eastern part of Liberty, was sold during the thirteen years, 1846-1859. Township 62 north. Range 17 west, or the western section of Liberty, like the township adjoining on the east, presents the names of very few early land buyers. During the period 1850-59, however, every acre of this beautiful land passed from the United States to private owners. Township 63 north. Range 13 west, or the southeastern part of Olay Township, may be said to have passed into the hands of private owners since 1849, when John A. Hutton purchased 160 acres on Section 6. The swamp lands were entered in 1841. In 1864 Peter J. Soures managed to secure the only quarter sec- tion remaining in this township. Township 63 north. Range 14 west, or the western part of Clay Township, dates its first land sale to April 17, 1846, when Jesse Kirk entered the southeast quarter of Section 31. In 1850 land sales began in earnest here, and within seven years the title of the United States passed into private hands. Township 63 north. Range 15 west, or the northern sections of Benton Township, dates its first land sale back to March, 1842. On December 22, 1847, Colden "W. Hardin, and September 28, William H. Horton, entered lands in Section 20. The first pur- chase was in March, 1842, when Richard Wright entered forty acres on Section 34. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 247 Township 63 north, Eange 16 west, or the south part of Nin- eveh, drew the attention of land buyers in 1847, when Erastus Eice bought forty acres in the southeast quarter of Section 19. John Booth entered the northeast quarter of Section 5, December, 1846, but his was the solitary claim there for at least four years. In 1850 the big sales commenced, and United States lands con- tinued open here until 1871. In Township 63 north, Eange 17 west, or the south part of Morrow Township, land was sold to Eichard Yalewood in Decem- ber, 1849. Thomas Meadows purchased the southwest quarter of Section 17 in December, 1845. Outside those sales the great body of land remained for the buyers of 1855-56. Township 64 north, Eange 13 west, eastern part of the north- ern part of Clay, was all sold in 1853-56. The swamp lands in the southwest corner were entered by the State in 1841. Township 64 north, Eange 14 west, or the northern part of Clay Township, passed out of the possession of the United States to'private owners between 1852 and 1856, Squire Hendren buying on Section 31 in 1852. Township 64 north, Eange 15 west, or the northern part of Polk Township, dates the sale of lands from 1851, when H. W. Broughton, "W. M. Davis and others, bought tracts on Section 27. Oliver Towles entered in Section 26 in January, 1850, so did Israel Lebrer; Edward Eobinson in 1850; Alexander Latham in 1851. Township 64 north, Eange 16 west, or the northern sections of Nineveh. The swamp was entered by the State in 1850. In 1851 Jesse Melinex settled in Section 22, and in 1847 Preston Melinex in Section 21. In 1855-56 the land was bought up. Township 64 north, Eange 17 west, or the northern sections of Morrow, was bought up in 1856-57. In 1852 Eobert Burns purchased in Section 22, just two years after the' State entered its swamp lands. Marriages in 1841. — No one outside the pioneer circle can ever realize with what natural beauty of coloring the sublime and ridiculous were blended in each marriage scene of early years. There are few, indeed, who remember those ceremonies and actors of 1841, and to this circle the following list must be a pleasant reminder : 248 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. January 17 — James Sallee and Margaret Gilbert by Samuel G. Briggs, minister of the gospel. March. 7 — John Stager and Susan Piles. March 18 — William "Willis and Polly Ricenon, by Jeremiah Grogan, justice of the peace. March 28 — Zachariah Eeed and Mary Ann Dilman, by Jeremiah Grogan, justice of the peace. April 11 — William McGrew and Harriet Palmertree, by Othmiel Bacus, justice of the peace. April 25 — Nelson Yates and Amanda Laughlin, by Samuel C. Bryan, minister of the gospel. In May — Jacob C. March and Harriet Kelly, by William V. Eip- ley, justice of the peace. June 19 — Adam Doan and Dosia Sloan, by A. T. Hill, minister of the gospel. June 23 — Daniel Oorneilson and Rebecca Bean, by William J. Oook, justice of the peace. June 28 — Salsberry Miller and Sarah F , by Will- iam Hendren, justice of the peace. July 1 — John Morgan and Denisa West, by William J. Cook, justice of the peace. July 3 — Andrew Mote and Susannah Grain, by A. Still, minister of the gospel. July 15 — Brastus Rice and Amanda Mason, by Thomas S. Wright, justice of the peace. August 12 — Lewis Carpenter and Julia Ann Bruce, by Thomas Partin, justice of the peace. September 2 — David A. Ely and Ann Jones, by John S. Morrow, justice of the peace. September 3 — Stephen T. Spalding and Susan Wilson, by H. Ostangenberg, Catholic priest. September 8 — William M. Sloan and M. Schobe, by A. T. Hill, minister of the gospel. October 3 — Littleton H. Oonklin and Julia Ely, by Thomas S. Wright, justice of the peace. October 13 — Benjamin Musgrove and Katharine Humphreys, by William J. Cook, justice of the peace. December 2 — Hansford Wilscher and Amanda Jane Sneed, by A. S. Bryan. December 18 — John Wilson and Hannah Corneilson, by Spencer Grogan, justice of the peace. The marriage of Missouri Evans with Levan Dean took place at John Dean's house prior to 1841, or about the time Barnhart promised to marry Mary Speers in Ohio. It appears that in 1840 one Archibald Barnhart promised to marry one Mary Speers. Her parents prevented his letters reaching her, and, be- lieving she was forgotten, she married Samuel G. Daines, who died in Adair County in 1877. The promise to marry was given near Athens, Ohio, in 1840, and fulfilled near Kirksville, Mo., Decem- ber 22, 1881, when Squire I. t). Lay united the old, old lovers. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 249 Early Hunters. — Hunters from all parts were attracted to this part of Missouri prior to its county organization. They were selfish in the extreme, and equally as "cheeky," for when more than matched with Indians they would order the latter to move far away from the range the intruders had selected. Once a band of hunters, mostly settlers, chose the range at the confluence of the Big and Little Mussel Creeks for a range, but on going there found that some Indians, under Black Hawk, were in possession, but just then absent on the hunt. The white fiends ordered the squaws to pack up and leave. This they were about doing, when a shot was heard afar off. One young squaw flung down her burden, dashed into the forest and shrieked. Her cry was followed by a war-whoop, and instantly Black Hawk lui meme stood before the trembling white cowards. One of the latter ventured to explain, when the chief dashed his open hand against the speaker's breast, told him to leave, and scanned the intruders with contempt, while they walked away, abashed and conquered. The early famous hunters were Nathaniel Floyd, John Cain, Francis Adkins, Edward E. Stewart, James Adkins, Joseph Stewart, James Myers, James Clifton, Thomas Clifton, David Floyd, William Brasfield , Dennis Brasfield, John Lesley, Thomas Turner and John Burton. Of this number Francis Adkins re- moved ' to Oregon, Edward E. Stewart lives six miles north of Kirksville and Thomas Clifton lives five miles north of Kirksville. The others have all gone to the "happy hunting grounds." One of the most noted incidents of all the early hunters may be mentioned that of Frank Adkins, whose hunting grounds were in the north part of the county, on Salt Kiver. His great specialty was hunting deer of which he probably killed a greater number than any other man in Adair County. John Cain hunted mainly along the Chariton. He was a fine shot, and killed great numbers of all kinds of game. Nathaniel Floyd hunted in the north part, on Salt Eiver and Black Bird, where he killed numerous deer, bear and other wild game. Edward and Joseph Stewart who were old companions of the Adkins Bros, were great hunters. It is thought that Edward Stewart was the most daring and intrepid hunter who ever lived 250 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. in the county. He had many a hand to hand fight with bear, panther and other dangerous animals. He devoted almost his whole time to hunting in the first days of civilization in Adair County. The Indians frequently came down the Chariton on hunting expeditions. The last big hunt was in the fall of 1837. About 200 came down the Chariton, and camped at CoUett's Spring for some weeks, hunting through the county; they were Sacs, Foxes and lowas. They had dances at the springs, and settlers went to see their games. This was the last great Indian hunt in this part of Missouri. Names and Events 1828-43. — The first settlement in the county was that known as " The Cabins " in 1828. The location was west of " Long Point," where Kirksville now stands, on the Grand Chariton, and the inhabitants were James Myers, Nathan Eichardson, Isaac Gross, Stephen Gross, Eeuben Myrtle and Jacob Gupp. The first Indian troubles in the county took place in July, 1829, caused by James Myers, and resulting in the death of several men who came to the aid of himself and fellow pioneers here. , In 1828-29 and 1830-31 the principal markets of this dis- trict were at Hannibal and Quincy, the former simply a boat- landing and a few log cabins occupied by Zach. Draper's store and James Brazier's tavern. Sam Stone also operated the ferry. The first trading post in Adair, preceding even Sloan's, was kept by Col. Jesse Jones; it stood on what has in recent years been known as the Joel Stinson farm. His daughter Martha, who married Conner, was clerk in this store. Col. Jones, ,who opened the first store in the county, also introduced the first tramp horse-power mill here. John Cain raised the first crop of wheat within Adair County. The first death was that of Lovern Evans. His coffin was made of puncheons, hewed from the tree with an ax. The first marriage was that of Missouri Evans to Levan Dean, celebrated at John Cain's house. The first birth in the county was that of James M. Bozarth, born December 14, 1831. George Cain and Julia Floyd soon joined this youthful pioneer. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 251 Bear Creek Church, built by the Missionary Baptists, was the first house of worship. The Linn Grove Meeting House fol- lowed in November, 1842. The first tragedy, other than the Indian battle, was the shoot- ing of Philip Upton, by George Cain. The latter left the county in haste. The first ferry license was issued November 12, 1844, to Jesse S. Jones, for ferry on the Kirksville and Trenton trail over the Chariton. The rates agreed upon were 50 cents for a four- horse wagon, 37^ cents for a two-horse wagon, 25 cents for a one- horse wagon, 12-| cents for horse and man, and 6J cents for a person on foot. Jesse Eirk kept the first tavern at Kirksville. He was also the first postmaster there, and served as first treasurer of Adair County. In 1838 the first crop of timothy grass was sown by William CoUett, and people from far and near would come to see it grow. Mr. Hulsey was the first visiting preacher; he came here with Joseph Eingo, while en route to his destination. Shortly after Bevs. Dr. Abram Still and James Badliff settled within the county, and to this latter preacher Ned and George Stewart presented the hides of the two panthers which they killed, and out of which the Eeverend Doctor made a coat. Bright G. Barrow was the first resident lawyer of Adair County, if the name of Brower, the school teacher, is omitted. Otho H. Beeman erected the first brick house at Kirksville. Judge Beeman made the first iron mold-board plow in Adair County. W. H. Parcels built the first plank fence in Adair County. He owned the first cook stove ever brought to the county. The first piano brought hither was the property of W. H. Parcels. The first courthouse was built by John B. Earhart, of brick. John D. Callison was the carpenter, David James furnished chairs, benches and window shutters; George Horton made the furniture for the circuit and county clerks' offices, and Caleb Barrett was superintendent or commissioner. This building was completed, and the first county court held therein July 3, 1843. The cost was about $1,000. 252 HISTORY OF ADAIR COUNTY. Brower, a pioneer lawyer, represented the legal element of the county in 1838-39, and he is even credited with the honor of being the first school teacher here. The latter credit is errone- ous, because Patterson had a school within the county ten years before the first school district was established. The first school district was organized May 8, 1843, embrac- ing all of Township 61 north, Eange 13 west. The second dis- tricts—Township 65 north, Bangs 13 west — was organized in October, following. The first poor person appeared in the county in May, 1843, in the person of Daniel A.rmstrong. The first bridge was authorized to be built over Shoal Greek in 1843. The subscription was $181, while the county granted $19. Even this small appropriation was opposed by Judge Gilstrap. A tanyard was established at CoUett's Spring in the spring of 1840, and used till 1855; operated at first by Washington and Lewis Connor ; tanned a number of deer, bear and cattle skins. The first grist and saw mill was built by Judge Ely, on the Chariton, at Mneveh. The first steam mill was built by the Pennsylvania colony as related in the sketch of Nineveh. In other pages, the beginnings of circuit and county courts, of villages and hamlets, and of each industry and institution within the county are noticed. In 1840, and as late as 1841, Long Point was the name given the location of the present city. Snell, one of the chain carriers in the survey of Kirksville, killed deer on its site about that time, and later still he saw Indians hunting and trapping on the Chariton. His wife set- tled near this location in 1840, where she died in April, 1879. In early days money was very scarce. In point, it is related, that King Collett received a letter on which 12-^ cents were due. Collett was then an employe of Washington Connor, but neither of them could gather up this sum and so had to skirmish around to borrow it. Beginning and end of Slavery in Adair. — When the county was established in 1841 there were no less than sixty slaves. From STATE OF MISSOURI. 253 that day in 1835, when John Cain introduced Dick, and in 1837, when Jesse Jones introduced his four slaves to his pioneer neigh- bors, up to the close of 1860, the colored bondsman and woman were part and parcel of the social fabric. They visited the homes of one another, sang and danced with true African hilarity and sometimes prayed with equal energy. They were not the slaves for whom the Federalists fought. Beyond the fact that they were owned body and soul by white masters, there was little or noth- ing in their condition to win for them sympathy, because they were well treated as a general rule, well clothed and fed, and re- quired in turn to accomplish a reasonable day's work. For work done beyond the task allotted them, they were paid; their holi- days were many, and on such occasions many of them turned such days into money at one industry or the other. In the case of married slaves, the owner would not part them except driven to such a course by stern necessity; and in the few instances where deeds, ill-becoming even the civilization of twenty-five years ago, were perpetrated, the power of public opinion made the perpetra- tor the slave. During the twenty -five years slavery existed here, not a few purchased immunity from service, a few instances of excursions on the underground railroad are only known, and only a few cases of anything approaching extreme cruelty. However difficult it may be for the actors in the celebration of the second centennial of American independence to realize that men were owned here, and treated and sold as horses or mules as late as 1861, it will be still a harder task for the colored men and women, who celebrate the first centennial of negro eman- cipation, to believe the following statement: KiBKSviLLE, Adaik County, Mo., Dec. 38, 1868. Messrs. Editors of the State Journal (Wis) : — A shocking afEair occurred in this place yesterday, which may be interesting to some of your readers; the par- ticulars of which are as follows: A Dr. Patton, residing some two miles north of this town, brought a negro man to this place in order to sell him; but finding no buyers, resolved to take him south in spite of the entreaties of himself and family to be left with his family. A chain was made fast to one foot and htnd preparatory to taking him, when he seized an ax, laid his hand upon a block and severed three of his fingers. I saw the poor wretch a few minutes after, and a more heart-rending scene I never saw. Three of his fingers were cut close to his hand, and the little finger was cut close to the bone. He said he would rather die than leave his wife and children. He knew that the cutting 254 HISTOBY OF ADAIE COUNTY. off of his hand would render him unfit for market, and therefore he would be allowed to remain with his family. Samuel Wood. There are many witnesses of this scene still at KirksTille ; but the man who wrote this letter died in the Union service, and lies buried at Lone Jack. The slave was named Lee ; he was sub- sequently sold to Chin, a merchant of Kirksville, who took him to Kentucky. Robert Adams, who was taken here by Jesse Jones, died in 1887, and Isaac Jones, who also came with him, is the last of the pioneer slaves now residing in this county. OEGANIC AND POLITICAL HISTOEY. The grant to Crozat by Louis XIV embraced Missouri, and as a part of Louisiana it was governed from 1712 to 1717 under the laws of Paris. From 1717 to 1762 similar laws were ob- served. In the latter year France agreed to cede to Spain all the country west of the Mississippi, and in 1764 this cession was accepted. In 1769 Count O'Reilly arrived at New Orleans — ^formally took possession of the country, which continued a Spanish possession until 1800 when it was retroceded to France. In 1803 Napoleon ceded the whole of Louisiana to the United States, and on December 20, 1803, it was formally transferred to our Government. Under the act of 1804 the territory was divided into the territory of New Orleans and the district of Louisiana, the latter attached to Indiana for judicial purposes. In 1805 the territory of Louisiana was established. In 1816 Howard County was established out of the western parts of St. Louis and St. Charles Counties. The new county included all the country on each side of the Missouri from the mouth of the Osage to the mouth of the Kansas River. In December, .1818, Jefferson, Franklin, "Wayne, Lincoln, Pike, Madison, Montgomery and Cooper Counties were established. In 1820 Missouri was admit- ted a State, and during that year the counties of Lillard, Ralls, Cole, Chariton Saline, Gasconade and Callaway were set off and organized. Adair in Macon County, 1837-41. — In Vol. A, County Court Records of Macon County, there are many references to the early organic history of what is now Adair and Schuyler Counties. STATE OP MISSOUKI. 255 Liberty Township was established in . May, 1837, beginning at ranges dividing Eanges 14 and 15, at the middle, to Township 56, running west to county line; thence to Township 58, east to the line dividing Eanges 14 and 15. Elections were held at Green's house, with "William Sears, Jesse Gilstrap and Oariaday Owensby, judges. Independence Township comprises the country north of Town- ship 58, to the north county line. Abram Dalle, Charles Hat- field and Figher Kice were Judges of election. A line running east and west from the mouth of Eye Creek formed the northern boundary of Pettis Township, in 1837. Elections were held at Hartin Parton's house, with Eobert Mil- ler, Hartin Parton and Isaac Hargis, judges. Gocean (Goshen) Township, established May 12, 1837, included the country north of Pettis, ten miles north of the present State boundary. Samuel Eason, John Lesley" and James Cochrane were judges. The election was held at Eason's house. John S. Morrow, James C. Cochrane and Joseph Owensby were the county judges of Macon. In July, 1837, the name of Elisha Chambers appears as judge of election in Pettis Township. In August, 1838, Eobert Miller was justice of the peace for Pettis Township; W. T. Brasfield constable of Gocean (Goshen) Township, and Elvan Allen was one of the county judges. Cochrane Township was set off in February, 1840, from the mouth of Wild Cat Creek, west with that creek, and thence north to the State line. William Gorney, James Cochrane and Jesse Truitt were judges of election. In May, 1840, William Hibbard, Canaday Owensby and Joseph Eingo were appointed judges of first election for Benjjon Township. In December, 1840, the names of John Murphy, K. S. Filts and E. Sloan appear as justices. In 1840 Nathan Floyd, Thomas Clifton and Silas Eichardson was judges of election for Gocean Township. In September, 1840, the country west of the Chariton between Hog and Billy's Creeks was attached to Pettis Township and the main branch of Billy's Creek, from the mouth of said creek to the county line, was declared to be the line between Pettis and Miller 256 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. Townships. William Hurley, Jolin S. Morrow and David Toung were appointed judges of election for Morrow. Organization of Adair. — Sixty-five years ago the territory now known as Adair County was unknown to the white settlers of Mis- souri, and unexplored save by the Indian and trapper. The United States' charts of the territory did not show a stream existing, and for some years the traveler up or down the Mississippi would look westward and consider it an immense marsh, while the traveler on the Missouri Eiver would look eastward and form a similar opinion. The Indians and trappers did not once venture to refute such erroneous ideas. The counties of Balls, Chariton and Eay, then comprised all Northern Missouri. That portion of the present Adair County in Range 13 was included in Balls, the other ranges, 14, 15, 16 and 17, in Chariton. County after county was organized; How- ard County being the principal rendezvous of emigrants, and the one from which hailed the pioneers of Adair. Macon County was ultimately organized, and of it Adair formed a part until 1841. The act setting ofE from Macon County the townships in Banges 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 west, extending to the Iowa bound- ary from the south line of Township 61 north, took efPect Jan- uary 20, 1841. Jefferson Collins, L. B. Mitchell, and Thomas Farrell were appointed county seat commissioners, and they selected the east half of the northwest quarter of Section 9, Town- ship 62 north, Bange 15 west, as the most central position for the seat of justice. Their instructions were to locate within two and one-half miles of the geographical center if not in the center ; and here Jonathan Floyd entered lands for the county in 1846. The original townships of Adair County were Benton, Eich- land, Wilson, Goshen (Goshean), Wells and Fabbe (Fabius). Morrow was named in honor of her first constable, Jesse Mor- row. Lewis (Conner) Connor, was justice of the peace for Ben- ton Township in 1843. Cochrane Township is first mentioned in Adair County records in 1843. In 1842 John T. Wright, George Tharp, Joseph Stewart and William Boberts were in Goshen Township; Seaman Atteberry was then a resident of Fabbe (Fabius) Township. Pettice (Pettis) Township was in existence in February, 1844. Thomas S. Wright, the first jus- STATE OF MISSOUEI. . 257 tice of the peace for Morrow Township, resigned in November, 1843, and John Booth was appointed to fill the vacancy. John Summers was in this township in November, 1843. The re- maining townships were set off and organized under authority of the county court. First Courthouse. — The first courthouse was built in 1842-43, and the first meeting of the county court held therein July 3, that year. John B. Earhart bought the contract for brick work ; John D. Callison for carpenter work; David James for chairs, benches and window shutters (blinds), and George Horton for office furniture in the clerk's office. This was a squatty one story building. The total cost was $1,000, at least one-fifth of what a similar house would cost to-day. The second courthouse, com- pleted in 1855, was a pretentious building even for 1865, and with its historic associations and well kept records deserved a fate very different from that which gave it up to destruction. It was burned April 12, 1865. The records of the county clerk's office were given up to the fire with the exception of one assess- ment book, that of 1859, and a few documents of little use to any one. The circuit clerk's more important record books and docu- ments were saved, and this was due particularly to J. L. Porter, who " leaped into the office to the rescue and led the rescuing party. The old courthouses are described in the history of Kirksville, and some of their political, religious and military connection^ noticed in the pages devoted to these subjects. Transactions of the County Court. — The first county justices were Joseph Ringo, Samuel Easton and John Morrow. The first court was held in a large school-house, about two miles south of Kirksville, and near the residence of Mr. Myers. The " court " and " bar " stopped with him. There was great trouble in get- ting juries. W. C. "Warreher, the first county treasurer, resigned in February, 1842. Jesse Kirk was county treasurer in 1844. The second county court was held at Jesse Kirk's October 8, 1842, Jeremiah Brower and Isaac Gilstrap presiding, with David James, clerk, and Isaac N. Ebey, sheriff; it took up the ques- tion of county roads, but nothing definite was accomplished until November, when Joseph Wilson took his place on the board. The first" proceedings were in regard to roads. The first road 258 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. (November 7, 1842) commenced at David Eice's, then north- west to Nathaniel Scoville's, to intersect the road from Tippe- canoe to Hargrave's mill. The second road was to commence at Simeon Carson's; thence to Linn Grove meeting house ; then to A. T. Hite's; thence to intersect the county road at or near Mr. Roberts', leading from Kirksville to Tippecanoe. The third road was to commence at the wagon ford "below Lesley's old place;" thence up the Goshen ridge, the nearest and best route, so as to intersect the Mormon trail at the most convenient place. From 1842 to the present time much of the attention of the county judges has been given to petitions for opening and vacating roads, a record of which would fill a whole volume. It is now almost half a century since the board authorized the opening of the first road in Adair, but in all that time there has not been one mile of macadamized roadway put down ; so that in this respect the county has not kept pace with her general progress. July 3, 1843, the county judges took possession of the tem- porary court-house, erected where P. M. Smith's hardware store now stands. On November 13 the court appointed Elvan Allen justice of Morrow Township, vice Thomas S. Wright, resigned, and John Boothe, also of Morrow Township, vice John Summers. On November 14 authority was given to rent the courthouse for school or other public purposes, always subject to public require- ment. School Township No. 2, or Congressional Township 65, Eange 13, was established with Alex. Gouldsberry commissioner, and J. B. Holt and T. Hope, inspectors. On December 11 the court ordered the sale of Section 16, Township 63, Eange 15, for school purposes, in School District No. 3 of that township, and also of Section 16, Township 61. Henry S. Miller was appointed districting justice of Wells Township, vice William V. Eippey, resigned, and Henry Shibley, of Morrow, vice John Boothe. At this session Isaac N. Bbey was absolved from the disagreeable and dangerous task of collecting taxes in the territory claimed by Iowa. In February, 1844, John D. Callison gave bonds as county treasurer. Thomas Holman was appointed justice of Eiohland Township, and Joel H. Archer, of Benton, vice Arch. S. Bryant. STATE OF MISSOURI. 259 John Musgrove was appointed commisBioner and William Price and Josliua Wilson inspectors of schools in District No. 1, Town- ship 61, Eange 13. In June, 1844, Thomas Allen, Mikel and W. P. Jackson were appointed judges of election in Pettis Township; James Persing, John Serat and Ellis Wilson, of Wilson Township; Nathaniel Floyd, Lewis Conner and Nelson Grogan, of Benton Township; John Sumpter, John Mikel and Oliver Towles, of Goshen Township; S. Mellon, W. V. Eippey and Isaac Newland, of Wells Township; M. Weatherford, James Myers and S. G. Custer, of Fabbe (Fabius) Township; John Parton, William Saw- yer and James Wells, of Parton Township ; Eichard Humphreys, John W. Eice and Walter Crocket, of Cochrane Township ; James M. Brasfield, William I. Cook and David Griggsby, of Eichland Township; Henry Shibley, Elvan Allen and John Scobee, of Morrow Township; William Eingo, Andrew Bozarth ^and John Loe of Liberty Township. During this year primitive bridges were constructed — ^four over Floyd's Creek and three over Salt Eiver. In August Nathan- iel Dick was commissioned justice of the county court. Tav- erns were assessed $10 State, and $20 county tax. In August, 1844, Samuel Nesbitt and Owen Wilson were appointed justices of the peace for Wilson ; Nelson Grogan, for Benton ; John Warner and Alex Hamilton, for Goshen ; D. Farris for Wells ; H. Beau- ford and J.Willis, for Fabius; J. McCuUom and George Sandford, for Eichland. W. P. Linder was districting justice of Benton. . Jonathan Floyd was elected county justice. In November, 1844, Section 16, Township 63, Eange 15, was established a school district. In November, 1844, the sale of Section 16, Township 65, Eange 15, was reported; Joseph, William and L. ShuU, Hans. Wilcher, Jonathan Floyd and Mr. Garrett buying 520 acres. Noah Stukey, in February, and Samuel Withrow, in May, were sworn in as county justices. In June, 1845, John T. Smith succeeded Callison as treas- urer. During this session of the county board the boundaries of the townships of Pettis, Wilson, Benton,- Liberty and Morrow were defined, and judges of election appointed. 260 HISTOBY OF ADAIB COUNTY. In 1848 Township 61, Eange 13; Township 61, Eange 15; Township 62, Eange 15; Township 62, Eange 16; Township 63, Eange 17, and Township 65, Eange 16, were organized as school districts. In 1850 the name of John S. Morrow appears as county justice, with Noah Stukey and Jonathan Floyd. In November, of that year, Franklin Freeman, Ellis Wilson and Golden W. Hardin were elected county justices. In 1851-52 the name of W. E. Greene appears. Benjamin Murphy, then county treas- urer, was succeeded by E. MuUanix. In November, 1852, George Miller took Ellis Wilson's place on the board. In August, 1854, David A. Ely took Miller's place, and in October of that year Henry Shibley, Nelson Grogan and John W. Galyen formed the board of county judges. B. G. Barrow was probate judge. John T. Porter was appointed county attorney in 1855. Jesse C. Thatcher was treasurer in 1856. Franklin Freeman succeeded Henry Shibley as county judge that year. During the year 1856 a number of roads were established. In November the court appointed W. P. Linder, Henry Shibley, I. M. Wingate, Daniel C. Mclntire, William G. Brashears, James Nicholas and A. H. Linder agents of the county, to circulate a petition requesting the citizens to instruct the county court whether they would take $50,000 additional stock in the North Missouri Eailroad, to be extended north of the Hannibal & St. Joseph road provided the North Missouri Company would locate their line through Kirksville. In 1854 the county subscribed $50,000 toward building the road, W. P. Linder being agent of ■ the county. In October, 1856, the question of County Clerk Morelock's indictment by the grand jury was brought before the board. His suspension was ordered, and Bright G. Barrow was appointed clerk. David A. Ely was president of the board in 1864. In 1864-65 Noah Stukey, Oanaday Owensby and Samuel P. Shibley formed the county board. In February, 1865, Otho H. Beeman was sworn as county justice, vice Noah Stukey. Samuel W. Will- iams was treasurer, and Jonathan Shaver, assessor. The justices STATE OF MISSOUBI. 261 I of the peace, who entered certificates of qualification after the de- struction of the courthouse, were M. H. Lewis, Clay, 1864; David Wells, Polk, 1864; Alfred Eice, Polk, 1862; Jonas Shott, Mor- row, 1862; Jacob Garner, Clay, 1864; Tobias Feller, Nineveh, 1864; Joseph M. Smith, Walnut, 1862; J. G. Eitel, Pettis, 1866. In September, 1866, the county was divided into three districts, for the purpose of electing county court justices. Nineveh, Liberty, Walnut, and Morrow formed the first; Polk, Benton and Pettis, the second, and Clay, Salt Eiver and Wilson, the third. In 1866-67 John Shibley, William Eogers and A. M. Gregg formed the board. April 22, 1867, D. S. Hooper presented his commission as judge of the county court, issued under the act of March 13, 1867. The office of justice of the county court was abolished. G. W. Parks was then treasurer. Guy Chandler i was elected public administrator in 1868, and W. J. Ashlock, assessor. On December 25 of that year Jacob Sands qualified as judge. In May, 1870, the names of Jacob Sands, A. M. Gregg and A. ■ H. Linder appear as county court justices. In March Jacob Sands was appointed to take charge of railroad funds and take up bonds. J. D. Stephens was commissioner for the poor farm. John M. Oldham was superintendent of the farm fi'om 1868 to 1871, and served a subsequent term. In March, 1871, P. M. Harrington was appointed county attorney. Sheriff John Owensby left Kirksville, February 1, 1867, with 114,000 for the State, but did not report at Jefferson in reason- able time, so that his bondsmen — Judge Ely and W. B. Harlan — gave chase, and with the assistance of detective Jacques, of St. Louis, captured him in the Indian Territory. In April S. S. Brinkerhoff was connected with this embezzlement case, and later W. L. Griggs was charged with embezzlement from Owens- by. It is conceded by people who understood the case, as pre- sented at the time, that the sheriff was morally guiltless of crime. He was during the war, and up to the period of this unfortunate affair, a man, at once the most popular and most powerful in Adair County. With all this he was made the dupe of design- ing men, and became the victim of his pretended friends. Few there are who have not heard or read of such duplicity. Some have suffered intense mental and physical pain; others have lost 262 HISTOEY OP ADAIE COUNTY. reputation and fortune at the hands of friends, and to the one or to the other of these classes John Owensby belonged. In November, 1870, a peculiar case growing out of the Owens- by embezzlement was decided by the State supreme court. It was an appeal from the Sixth District Court — D. 8. Hooper vs. David A. Ely and others. It appears that after Owensby dis- appeared, Ely and others, his bondsmen, proposed to one of the county judges the question of searching out the absconder, as he might possibly throw some light on public documents said to be destroyed in the courthouse fire and otherwise lost. The judge addressed told Ely to go ahead with the search, and he would influence the other judges to grant the expense so incurred. Ely and his co-securities pursued Owensby, brought him back, and pre- sented their expense account to the county, $1,632.35, for which they received a warrant. Subsequently judgment was entered against them for $5,000 on Owensby' s bond, and an agreement made that it might be discharged in county warrants. The defendants understood that their warrant for expenses was recog- nized, but the county judge who succeeded the old county court did not so understand, and ordered this proceeding commenced. The court decided that Ely and his co-pursuers were not county officers, and in pursuing Owensby acted in their own interests ; that the county court in authorizing the issue of warrant did not act for the county, but for the defaulter's bondsmen, simply to les- sen their responsibility — a simple, naked assumption of power, which must be checked. Therefore the ruling of the county courts was set aside, and the circuit court ordered to make the injunction against allowing the warrant perpetual, and to direct the holder to bring such warrant into court to be canceled. In April, 1871, Jacob Sands, Jacob R. Cook and A. M. Gregg formed the board. In January, 1873, Samuel M. Crawford took Jacob Sands' place. In November C. B. Polley, J. S. Erwin, S. P. Shibley, A. H. Linder and J. H. Eainier were justices. In 1874 Noah Stukey was sole judge; in 1876 A. Slingerland pre- sided. The trustees serving under the township law of 1873 and 1875 were Noah Stukey, president; Benton, A. K. CoUett; Salt Eiver, John W. Gill; Pettis, S. M. Crawford; "Wilson, A. J. STATE OF MISSOURI. 263 Elmore ; "Walnut, T. G. Lemons ; Nineveh, Jonas Shott; Morrow, E. M. 0. Morelook; Polk, D. A. Ely; Clay, W. E. Emerson; Liberty, A. H. Linder. In 1876, P. J. Brown, of Benton; D. A. Ely, E. M. 0. Morelock, J. E. Cook, Jonas Shott, G. W. Lord, of Clay; A. H. Linder, of Liberty; J. N. McOreery, of Salt Eiver; O. B. Milliken, of "Walnut; J. E. Cook, of Wilson, with A. Slinger- land presiding. In August, 1877, the county court muddle, arising out of gubernatorial appointments, reached its climax. Noah Stukey, D. A. Ely and George T. Spencer received commissions from the Governor as county judges, and went to the courtroom to take pos- session. Mr.Slingerland, who claimed that he was still the legal judge of Adair County, had already opened court before the new judges arrived, and refused to vacate in their favor. They asked the sheriff to declare court open, but he informed them that he had already done so at the request of Judge Slingerland. They wanted to know if he refused to recognize theih as judges. He informed them that he was ready to serve any legal writs that they might have. They soon left without accomplishing any- thing, but returned in the afternoon and attempted to establish themselves as the court, but again failed. They began statutory proceedings before Judge Ellison for possession, and succeeded soon after in having the question settled in their favor. In April, 1878, D. A. Ely, Noah Stukey and George T. Spen- cer, with D. L. Conner special sheriff, and B. E. Heing clerk, presided. In January, 1879, M. G. Clem was presiding judge, with Philip D. Shoop and John H. Eainier, associate justices. The members of the county court since 1879 are named in the record of elections. Political History. — In 1842 the beginnings of political organ- izations were made in Adair, but not until 1844 were the two great parties of old, "Whig and Democrat, led out to fight the bat- tle at the polls. The Democracy were victors until 1860, when the Douglas party almost doubled the number of Breckinridge true believers, while the latter exceeded by forty-six the number of Unionists, and the so-called "Unionists by 108 the number of straight Eepublicans. In 1864 all this was changed, and the 264 HISTOBT OP ADAIB COUNTY. Eepublicans, who had succeeded the Whigs in 1854-55, made their first conquest in this county. The victory then won they have repeated annually down to the present time. During the war the Radical Unionists was a name bestowed upon a large number of Eepublicans. The Greenbackers, believers in what the older political parties are pleased to term a delusive dream, were known in this county early in the seventies, but not till 1876 did they become preten- tious. During the centennial year and 1877 they aimed at thor- ough organization, but not until the winter of 1877-78 was any- thing approaching organization attained. In March, 1878, A. H. Linder was president, and W. Halladay, secretary of the Green- back County club, and under their direction a meeting of the presidents of local Greenback clubs was held at Kirksville that month. The following members were appointed an executive committee: A. H. Linder, president; W- Halladay, secretary; O. H. Bee- man, treasurer ; Robert Moore, James Berry, Mr. Davidson, A. M. Gregg, M. G. Clem, O. B. Milliken, Thomas Simmons, A. H. Linder, E. Wimber, Dr. Weaver, Polk Morelock, Jacob Halladay, Capt. Feller, Mr.'McKini, Park Holmes, O. H. Beeman, W. Hal- laday. The political status of the county from 1844, when it cast its first district vote for President, to the present time, is herewith given. The vote for president last presidential election is as fol- lows: 1844^Henry Clay, Whig, 204; James K. Polk, Democrat, 450. 1848 — Zachariah Taylor, Whig, 110; Louis Cass, Democrat, 200. 1852— Winfield Scott, Whig, 113; Franklin Pierce, Democrat, 201. 1856 — Millard Fillmore, American, 283; James Buchanan, Dem- ^ ocrat, 410. 1860 — Abraham Lincoln, Eepublican, 185; John Bell, Union, 293; J. C. Breckinridge, Democrat, 339; Stephen A. Douglas, Democrat, 616. 1864 — Abraham Lincoln, Eepublican, 797 ; George B. McOlellan, Democrat, 162. 1868 — U. S. Grant, Eepublican, 930; Horatio Seymour, Demo- crat, 288. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 265 1872 — U. S. Grant, Eepublican, 1,427 ; Horace Greeley, Liberal Republican, 961; Charles O'Connor, Democrat, . 1876— E. B. Hayes, Eepublican, 1,604; SamuelJ. Tilden, Demo- crat, 1,192, Peter Cooper, Greenback, 24. 1880— J. A. Garfield, Eepublican, 1,657; W. S. Hancock, Demo- crat, 1,269; J. B. "Weaver, Greenback, 329. 1884 — James G. Blaine, Eepublican, 2,040; Grover Cleveland, Democrat, 1,448 ; J. B. St. John, Prohibition, 34. In 1 864, ten years after the Eepublican party was organized under the oaks at Jackson, Mich., Adair County gave its first Eepublican vote. In i>1860 the Eepublican candidate for Gov- ernor did not receive a single vote here. In 1862 Moses P. Green for Congress on the Emancipation ticket received 659 votes over his Democratic opponent's 275 votes, and in 1864 John F. Ben- jamin, Eepublican, received 921 votes against John M. Glover's 192. The county then became Eepublican, and so remains. State and County Elections; — 1865 — Drake Constitution, — for, 569; against, 25. 1868 — Negro Suffrage — for, 796; against, 384. Mayor I. B. Johnson, who died December 25, 1879, was a member of the convention that drafted the Drake Constitution. The vote for Governor since 1844 is as follows : , 1844 — Charles H. Allen, Independent Democrat, 245 ; John C. Edwards, Democrat, 417. 1848 — James S. EoUins, Whig, 117; Austin A. King, Democrat, 221. 1852 — James Winston, Whig, 127; Sterling Price, Democrat, 310. 1856 — Trusten Polk, Democrat, 454; Eobert C. Bwing, Ameri- - can, 310 ; Thomas H. Benton, Independent Democrat, 34. 1857 — James S. EoUins, Independent, 189; Eobert M. Stewart, Democrat, 412. I860 — C. F. Jackson, Douglas Democrat, 822; Sample Orr, Bell- Everett, 504; Hancock Jackson, Breckinridge Demo- crat, 4 ; James B. Gardenhire, Eepublican, 0. 1868— Joseph W. McClurg, Eepublican, 920; John S. Phelps, Democrat, 297. 1870 — Joseph W. McClurg, Eepublican, 808 ; B. Gratz Brown, Liberty Eepublican, 686. 17 266 HISTOEY OP ADAIB COUNTY. 1872 — Silas Woodson, Democrat, 995 ; John B. Henderson, Be- publican, 1,418. 1874 — Charles H. Hardin, Democrat, 788; William Gentry, People's, 1,094. 1876 — Gustavus Finkelnburg, Eepublican, 1,620; John S.Phelps, Democrat, 1,172; Alexander, Greenback, 24. 1880— Thomas T. Crittenden, Democrat, 1,266; L. A. Brown, 327. 1884 — John S. Marmaduke, I^emocrat, 1,275; Nicholas Ford, Fusion, 2,031; John A. Brooks, Prohibition, 157. From 1848 to 1878, the following is tfife vote for congressman from this district: * 1848— E. M. Samuel, Whig, 70; Willard P. Hall, Democrat, 265. 1850 — Bowman, Whig, 87 ; James B. Gardenhire (Ben- ton), 2; Willard P. Hall, anti-Benton, 2'91. 1852 — Mordecai Oliver, Whig, 126; Austin A. King, Democrat, 59 ; James H. Birch, anti-Benton, 247. 1854 — James J. Lindley, Whig, 295 ; August W. Flournoy, Dem- ocrat, 287. 1856 — James S. Green, Democrat, 477 ; James J. Lindley, Amer- ican, 339. 1858 — John B. Clark, Democrat, elected without opposition. 1860— M. C. Hawkins, Bell-Everett, 466; John B. Clark, Sr., Democrat, 904. 1862 — Moses P. Green, Emancipation, 659; William A. Hall, Democrat, 275. 1864 — John F. Benjamin, Eepublican, 783; John M. Glover, Democrat, 192. 1868 — John F. Benjamin, Eepublican, 921 ; John F. Williams, Democrat, 296. 1870 — J. T. K. Hayward, Eadical Eepublican, 828 ; James G. Blair, Liberal Eepublican, 642. 1872 — John F. Benjamin, Eepublican, 1,411 ; John M. Glover, Democrat, 992. 1874 — John M. Glover, Democrat; H. S. Lipscomb, People. 1876 — John M. Glover, Democrat; J. T. K. Hayward, Eepub- lican; John M. London, Greenback. 1878— William H. Hatch, Democrat, 726; John M. London, Greenback, 797 ; Daniel M. Draper, Eepublican, 1,254, STATE OF MISSOURI. 267 State Senators, 1842-78. — In 1842 Maj. Bean was elected State senator, and re-elected in 1846; in 1850 Hancock Jackson was elected. In consequence of a redistricting of the State no election was held for senator in 1856, when John W. Minor was elected; in 1857, as a result of another redistricting, Thomas Richardson was elected; in 1858, William S. Fox; in 1862, Abner L. Gilstrap; in 1866, Isom B. Dodson; in 1870, E. H. Brown; in 1874, Webb M. Euby ; in 1878, — Colwell, and by a redistrict- ing, Pouse, of Randolph. Representatives, 1842-78. — The first representative elected from this county was Maj. Lusk. The district comprised Schuyler, Adair and Putman. In the winter of 1844-45 the ter- ritory was divided, and the present limits established. Maj- Lusk was re-elected in 1844 over Maj. A. H. Linder, who was a mem- ber of the Whig party, the first race being against Col. Wells, a Whig. In 1846 Dr. James 0. Good was elected over W. P. Linder, a member of the Whig party, and re-elected in 1848, over Dr. Cochrane, an Independent Democrat. In 1850 Joseph Eingo, a Democrat, was elected over Dr. Cochrane. John T. Smith was elected in 1852 over Maj. Morelock and Albert Page, the latter a Whig. In 1854 W. H. Parcels, a Democrat, was elected over Judge D. A. Ely, who was a Democrat also. In 1856 Parcels was re-elected over W. P. Linder, who was a Know-nothing. In 1858 Dr. Will- iam M. Gates, a Democrat, who was the first regularly nomi- nated candidate, was elected over John T. Smith. In 1860 W. H. Parcels was elected over John T. Smith, an Independent Demo- crat. In 1862 Jonathan Eansom was elected on the Union ticket, over Judge Beeman, a Republican, and over Judge Galyen, who was a Democrat at the time. In 1864 Dr. Lee was elected on the Union Eepublican ticket without an opposing candidate. In 1866 Maj. A. H. Linder, who had been defeated in 1844 by Mr. Lusk, was now elected as a Eepublican over Dr. A. H. Johns, an Independent Democrat. In 1868 A. L. Gibbs was elected on the Eepublican ticket over Judge David Wills, an Independent Democrat. In 1870 Judge D. S. Hooper was elected on the Eepub- lican ticket, over Judge Galyen as an Independent. In 1872 Judge Hooper was re-elected over W. H. Parcels. In 1874 Capt. 268 HISTOBY OP ADAIE COUNTY. James Marquis was elected on a " people's ticket " over W. H. Parcels, who again came to the front for the last time. In 1876 Samuel M. Pickler was elected on the Bepublican. ticket, over Eev. J. W. Hale, the "coal digger," who ran on the Democratic ticket. In 1878 T. M. Harrington was elected on the Eepub- lican ticket over Eev. Eeyner, a Greenbacker. County and Circuit Clerks, 1841-78. — Joseph Eingo, Mor- row and Baston were the first judges appointed by the Gov- ernor when the county was organized. The first order was the appointment of T. Eose, county assessor. David James was the first clerk. He was appointed, then elected and re-elected, serving until 1853. In 1853 Maj. Morelock was elected for both county and circuit court over James. In 1859 E. M. Eingo was elected clerk of the county court, the offices of circuit and county court having before been divided. In the same year Col. W. T. Porter was elected circuit clerk, Eingo defeating Maj. Morelock and Porter. The Constitutional convention of 1865 passed an ordinance declaring the various county offices of the State vacant, and con- ferring on the Governor the power to fill vacancies. This ordi- nance displaced E. M. Eingo and W. T. Porter, and the Gov- ernor appointed John Eichey as county clerk, and D. S. Hooper as circuit clerk. In 1866 Capt. E. O. Gates was elected circuit clerk, and John Eichey elected county clerk. In 1870 Eichey was re-elected as county clerk, and Capt. Abe Slingerland, circuit clerk. In 1874 B. F. Heimy was elected county clerk, and D. 0. Pierce, circuit clerk. In 1878 John C. Carothers was elected county clerk, and Maj. W. J. Ashlock, circuit clerk. Sheriffs, 1841-78. — The sherifiPs who have served the county are named as follows : When the county was organized, Isaac N. Ebey was appointed, and in 1842 was re-elected. In 1844 Preston Mullanix was elected over A. Stukey, a Democrat. In 1846 Col. I. B. Dodson was elected, and re-elected in 1848. In 1850 John Adkins was chosen, and re-elected in 1852. In 1854 W. H. Sheeks was elected, and re-elected in 1856. In 1858 Andrew Beaty was elected, and re-elected in 1860. Beaty resigned in the summer of 1861, and John Owensby was appointed. Owensby was elected in 1862, and re-elected in 1864. In 1866 Edwin Darrow STATE OF MI8S0UBI. 269 was elected, and re-elected ia 1868. In 1870, Oapt. Andrew Knight; in 1872, Joseph D. Miller; he was re-elected in 1874. In 1876, P. M. Smith was elected, and re-elected in 1878. The candidates for the office of sheriff from ^880 to 1886, with the vote each received, are given in the general election returns. County Assessors. — Thoret Eose was appointed the first assessor, and by election and re-election served until 1848. In 1848 Christian Krupps was elected, and re-elected in 1850. In 1852 Isaac Turner was elected, and by re-election served until 1858. In this year the law was changed into four districts, with an assessor for each. In 1859 these assessors were Capt. James A. Smith, E. M. Eingo, John McAllister and John Pickens. In 1860 the law was again changed, and Franklin Freeman was appointed assessor for the county; he was elected in 1860. In 1862 James A. Smith was elected; in 1866, Hiram W. Snyder; in 1868, W. J. Ashlock; in 1872, James Brewington; in 1878, C. J. Sloan. Ehctiohs, 1880-86. — The general elections of 1880 resulted as follows: Secretary, Michael K. McGrath, 1,262; James C. Broadwell, 1,656; Orville D. Jones, 334. Congress, John M. London, 1,940; W. H. Hatch, 1,359. Circuit judge, Henry F. Millan, 1,698; Andrew Ellison, 1,500. State representative, Francis M. Harrington, 1,632; Peyton F. Greenwood, 1,197; George Shaw, 359. County court justice. District No. 1, Solo- mon F. Stahl, 1,025; Noah Motter, 593; William L. Fletcher, 88. Justice District No. 2, J. Q. Johnson, 740; Daniel McGo- nigle, 533; John H. Eainier, 244. Sheriff, John Shaver, 1,602; John M. Kennedy, 1,356; James K. P. Morelock, 282. Collec- tor, E. G. Bielby, 1,638; Henry Nicholas, 1,319; D. C. Lord, 282. Treasurer, Peter J. Brown, 1,597; Henry Bckert, 1,277; W. H. Hope, 361. Assessor, J. W. Waddill, 1,665; A. J. Elmore, 1,248; J. F. Bulkley, 319. Surveyor, Thomas J. Dockery, 1,650; John M. Williams, 1,253; John S. Mercer, 316. Public admin- istrator, Samuel A. Murphy, 1,657; James Bennett, 1,267; Nelson Cole, 323. Township organization, for 1,074; against, 740. The record of the general election of November, 1882, is as follows: Supreme court judge, Thomas A. Sherwood, 1,245; David Wagner, 1,572; T. M. Eice, 282. Eepresentative, District 270 HISTOEY OF ADAIB COUNTY. No. 1, F. A. Leavitt, 33; William H. Hatch, 1,314; John M. Glover, 1,701. State representative, John Shibley, 1,343; Fran- cis M. Harrington, 1,468; William F. Kirkpatrick, 293. Oircnit clerk, George E. Brewington, 1,263; William J. Ashlock, 1,568; John C. ShuU, 271; County clerk, David A. Ely, 1,290; Samuel S. McLaughlin, 1,667., Sheriff, Jesse Hardin, 1,146; John Shaver, 1,579; Otis Miller, 284. Collector, A. J. Elmore, 1,147; Eobert G. Bielby, 1,490; William L. Fletcher, 431. Prosecut- ing attorney, Stanley Thompson, 1,451; Amandus D. Risdon, 1,556. Presiding judge, Asa K. CoUett, 1,169; James L. Haw- kins, 1,295; Michael G. Blem, 626. Judge, District No. 1, George W. Novinger, 809; Joseph S. Hickman, 733. Judge, District No. 2, Joseph M. Moore, 622; Joseph Q. Johnson, 774. Probate judge, James M. De France, 1,214; Charles L. Lewis, 1,478 ; Andrew M. Gregg, 350. Treasurer, Madison T. Wilkes, 1,255 ; Charles H. Malone, 1,519 ; William N. Hope, 314. Coro- ner, J. 0. McClelland, 1,298; John Waddill, 1,603. Assessor. James Bennett, 1,303; J. W. Waddill, 1,473; H. O. Eyan, 327. Constitutional Amendment, yes, 373; no, 1,600. Township organization, for, 1,288; contra, 984. Eestraining swine, for, 1,065; against, 1,762. The elections of 1884 resulted as follows: Governor, John S. Marmaduke, 1,275; Nicholas Ford, 2,031; John A. Brooks, 157. State secretary, Michael K. McGrath, 1,444; Paul J. Dackson, 2,055. Attorney general, B. G. Boone, 1,447; David Murphy, 2,056. Congress, W. H. Hatch, 1,459; A. L. Gray, 2,026. State senator, William M. Vancleve, 1,444; Morris Tut- tle, 2,056. Eepresentative, John Shibley, 1,636; Francis M, Harrington, 1,846. Sheriff, James F. Bulkley, 1,553; James H. Kinnear, 1,929. Collector, Michael G. Blem, 1,633; Myron F. Strock, 1,850. Prosecuting attorney, John C. O. Ferrall, 1,649; Amandus D. Eisdon, 1,845. Judge, District No. 1, George W. Novinger, 881 ; James H. Novinger, 885, Judge, District No. 2, JohnH. Eainier, 811; George E. Huston, 887. Treasurer, John S. Erwin, 1,584; Marcus J. Eoss, 1,933. Coroner, A. K. Heinz- man, 1,598; John Waddill, 1,910. Assessor, John A. Kelso, 1,602; Henry C. Sohn, 1,895. Surveyor, Otis Miller, 1,522; Stephen Hall, 1,974. Public administrator, Isaac Morgan, 1,600 STATE OF MISSOUEI. 271 James Writ, 1,893, First Con. Amendment, yes, 900 ; no, 1,188. Second Constitutional Amendment, yes, 1,668; no, 570. Be- straining swine from running at l?irge, for 1,409; against, 1,522. The elections of 1886 are given as follows: Congress, W. H. Hatch, 1,428; W. P. Harrison, 1,898. State Senate, W. H. Sears, 1,426; T. Moody, 1,906. Eepresentative, G. M. McGuire, 1,570; J. W. Davis, 1,743; G. Shaw, 20. Circuit Judge, Andrew Ellison, 1,558; Edward Higbee, 1,750. Clerk circuit court, Hugh M. Tingley, 1,243; James B. Dodson, 2,080. Clerk county Court, John Bagg, 1,241 ; Samuel S. McLaughlin, 1,903. Sher- iff, Daniel H. Crawford, 1,357 ; James H. Kinnear, 1,933. Col- lector, "William E. Greene, 1,525; Myron F. Strock, 1,799. Pre- siding judge county court, George W. Novinger, 1,637; William P. Tender, 1,666. County court judge. First District, John L. Porter, 815; Eobert N. Toler, 881. County court judge. Second District, L. Wood Lyda, 687 ; George E. Huston, 914. Judge probate court, William N. Hope, 1,370; Charles L. Lewis, 1,957. Prosecuting attorney, John W. Johnston, 2,058. Treasurer, Mar- cus J. Eoss, 2,098. Coroner, John Waddill, 1,898. Assessor, John E. Floyd, 1,444; Henry C. Sohn, 1,863. Constitutional amendment concerning revenue of taxation, yes, 2,178; no, 486. Judge supreme court, Theodore Brace, 1,433; John K. Cravens, 1,893; Jonathan P. Orr, 23; O. D. Jones, 1. State superintend- ent of schools, W. E. Coleman, 1,425; Ethan O. Cochrane, 1,855; Andry J. Emerson, 23 ; J. A. Bezoni, 2. Eailroad commissioner, J. B.Breathitt, 1,416; George W. Hitchings, 1,901; James T. Bruner, 23; J. M. Jackson, 2. Justices in 1886. — The justices of the peace elected in Benton Township in 1886 were Blair W. Eoss, Thomas C. Harris and John Eichey. The return of the election of justices of the peace for Clay Township, in 1886, resulted as follows: Henry Eice, 200; Will- iam Ashfield, 161 ; J. H. Focht, 21 ; Joseph Woods, Elijah Kit- tle and George Eeynolds, three votes each ; T. J. Clarkson and J. S. Waddill, five each, and Simon Eorabangh, 4. The justices voted from Liberty Township in 1886 were Will- iam Truitt, 160; William Bozarth, 100; C. Wright, 25; Lemuel Hannahs, 114. 272 HISTOBY OF ADAIB COUNTY. The vote for justices of tlie peace in Walnut Township in 1886 was as follows: H. Day, 116; Joseph Berry, 89. The justices for ^Wilson Township, voted for in 1886, are named as follows: A. M. Gregg, 138; J. W. Ohadwell, 117. The justices of the peace voted for in Morrow Township, in 1886, with the vote recorded, are given as follows: J. A. Sallade, 32; Jacob Shilbey, 37; James H. Fort, 95; J. H. Shibley, 36; Jackson McGrew, 74; D. E. Pickens, 64; N. Watters, 6. The candidates for justice of the peace, voted for in 1886 in Nineveh Township, are named as follows: K. L. Hamilton, 116; J. A. Hotter, 115; Aaron Kinyon, 38, and John Wellman, 32. The election of justices of the peace for Pettis Township, in 1886, resulted thus: 0. Shaffer, 163; E. Eichey, 175. The vote for justice of the peace in Polk Township in 1886 was as follows: J. J. Clark, 108; George Hicks, 64; W. T. Hutchinson, 16. The election of justices of the peace for Salt Eiver Township in 1886 resulted as follows: A. H. Burns, 204, E. Davidson, 212; H. B. Green, 36. COUNTY OEGANIZATIONS, STATISTICS, ETC. Agricultural and Other Organizations. — The Adair County Agricultural and Mechanical Association, chartered March 15, 1861, had the charter amended in the act of June 22, 1867, with D. S. Hooper, A. Sherwood, P. J. Brown, William Orr, Henry Capps, E. Miller, D. A. Ely, Thomas Haxby and A. H. John, incorporators. The first annual fair of the society was held at Kirksville October, 1866, and for some years was carried out regularly. The Grange, the anti-horse thief and other organizations, and, in later days, the old horticultural society attracted the attention of this old association of agriculturists from the objects of the society. These causes, with the principal fact that, in the annual distribution of premiums favoritism rather than justice ruled, destroyed this useful association. The Adair County Immigrant Aid Association, of which A. L. Woods was president in 1867; E. M. Eingo, vice-president; STATE OF MISSOUEI. 273 W. r. Smith, secretary ; A. J. Ellison, assistant secretary, and A. J. Knight, treasurer, was a powerful organization for good here after the war. This organization having served its purpose dis- banded. A similar society was founded in February, 1881, with A. H. Linder, president; I. Nagley, vice- President ; A. L. Woods, sec- retary. Messrs. Eingo, Pickler and Griggs were selected to write a descriptive circular. This circular was written and published. The Adair County Patrons of Husbandry met at the old Masonic Hall, July 12, 1873, and organized a grange council with John S. Erwin, Pres. ; John D. Stephens, V. P. ; Charles Patter- son, S. ; John W. Murphin, A. S. ; John Mason, G. K. ; Stephen Hall, Sec, and James Marquess, Treas. This was, in fact, a council in which matters relating to the local granges as well as to individuals were considered. Not- withstanding its power for good, it did not always control the refractory elements among the bodies represented, for on Janu- ary 1, 1874, Enterprise Grange No. 67, of Sublette, adopted the following extraordinary boycott resolutions: Whereas, certain manufacturers of farming implements (some twenty-two in number) in the States of Illinois, Missouri and Iowa met in convention at CMcago, and passed resolutions to the effect that they would not sell their imple- ments to the Patrons of Husbandry or farmer's clubs, except through regularly authorized agents. And Whereas, we consider it one of the fundamental principles of our order to dispense with these "middle men" as far as it is in our power, they being detrimental to the good of the husbandman. And Whereas we consider the action of said convention to be in direct opposi- tion to the principles of right and justice, that we deem it an insult to the plow- holder, and to yield to such tyranny is the province of slaves. TJwrefore, ieitresohed. By Enterprise Grange No. 67, P. of H., in the county of Adair, State of Missouri, that we will not, undei any circumstances whatever, purchase any plows or other implements of said firms or their agents. JSesolved, That as our own State abounds in timber, coal and iron in large quantities, we encourage the establishment of factories for the manufactur- ing of such implements as the farmer stands in need of, by the Patrons of Hus- bandry in our own State, and we also recommend that each subordinate grange take stock in said factories to the amount of $3 for each male member. Besohed, That we, as Patrons of Husbandry, will faU into the ranks and help stay this tide of woes before they grind us to dust, and we ask every grange in this State to "fight it out on this line." Resolved, That we tender to our sister granges throughout the State, our., hearty co-operation in all measures deemed best for the future good of the farmer, and our protection against the encroachment of rings and monopolies. 274 HISTORY OF ADAIK COUNTY. The granges in existence in May, 1874, were the Oonnty Grange, or Council, Kirksville Grange, Enterprise Grange, Oak Grove Grange, Victory Grange, Millard Grange, Eural Dell Grange, Paulville Grange, Blunket Grove Grange, Walnut Grange, Prairie Bird Grange, Liberty Grange, Wellington Grange, Illi- nois Bend Grange, Spring Valley Grange, Nineveh Grange, Green Morris Grange, Fabius Grange, Hazel Green Grange and Williams Grange. The Grand Order of the Anti-Horse-Thief Association, or the A. H. T. A., assembled at Kirksville October 21, 1885. Lodge 46, of Kirksville, acted as host. Among the members present were D. A. Ely, P. M. Smith and E. Sampson, of Adair County. Horticultural Society. — A meeting to organize a horticultural society was called for April 10, 1869; J. A. Bichter presided with W. L. Griggs, secretary. At this meeting David Baird, John Patterson, W. H. Freeman, Dr. J. K. Bowen and W. L. Griggs were appointed a committee to prepare a constitution. Of this organization there is no written account. The Adair County Horticultural Society was organized March 5, 1887, with R. M. Brashear, president ; Charles Patterson, V. P. ; W. O. Patterson, Sec. and J. W. Gill, Treas., and the following charter members: J. M. Kellogg. B. B. Frisbie. L. Bartholemew. F. M. Harrington. C. B. Polly. F. S. Northrup. G. A. Giller. H. J. Bailey. Josiah Wright. Henry J. Otto. J. W. Parker. Jno. Patterson. D. G. Jacobs. Noah Motter. Thomas Dodson. J. 8. Erwin. Jno. Cheffey. J. P. Claypool. Jno. Rice, M. B. Foncannon. William Morrow. King CoUett. G. W. Novinger. Henry Eckert. William Spencer. J. Q. Johnson. L. P. Carman. R. J. Espey^. I. H. Pidgeon. S. C. Draper. William Orr. Wesley Leech. I. B. Dodson. Jacob Garner. Abel Stukey. S. A. Adams. G. W. Morrow. Jesse Hardin. J. S. Kellogg. N. J. Northrup. A. H. Burns. J. W. Waddell. E. H. Knapp. Jacob Wait. Jacob LE^ntz. D. A. Ely. W. E. Newlon. William Foncannon. Columbus Rice. Medical Fraternity. — The first mention of a resident physi- cian in Adair County gives the name, Dr. Abraham Still. Of STATE OF MISSOUEI. 275 him it is said that he gave more attention to preaching than to medicine. Dr. Ne£f, of the Tomsonian School, practiced throughout the county for years, also Dr. Cochrane, referred to in the Masonic history of Kirksville. In 1854 Dr. Gates came here and found Dr. James Good, an allopathic practitioner, to be the only regular graduate of medi- cine residing here. Drs. Shook and Patton of the same school followed, and then came Dr. William Lowe. It is authoritatively stated that W. M. Gates, an eclectic physician and graduate of the Cincinnati School of Medicipe, was the first to practice medicine in Adair County, or in fact in Northern Missouri on the eclectic plan. Dr. A. P. Willard was an ante helium resident of the county. The history of the circuit court of this county contains the names of a few physicians indicted for practicing here without licenses. From the fact that a license to them does not subsequently appear on the records, the names are omitted here. The physicians of the county who registered under the act of 1873 are as follows: F. A Grove, J. M. Swetnam, A. P. Wil- lard, E. A. Burns, W. G. Pierce, Jeptha S. Miller, George E. Combs, Wade H. Brown, B. M. Fowler, George A. Shirley, John Burton, A. H. John, Eobert H. Brown, Philip Snyder, S. L. Ellis, F. T. Mellinger, Jacob F. Gall, H. G. Kernodle, J. H. Wesscher, M. L. Bunnelle, J. B. Weaver, W. H. AUread, S. E. Sage, John Zeigler, James Myers, W. M. Patton, W. E. Hopkins, S. J. McPherson, James M. Ledford, A. T. Still, C. V. Payton, Thomas H. Boscow, Benjamin GufEey, J. H. Williams, W. M.Gates, Moses Fry, Benjamin N. Bond, J. F. Caslow, J. W. Lee, Albert S. Pierce, Thomas P. Wiseman, William B. Mead, William L.. Tay- lor, Eobert L. Galbreath, H. Herrford, S. D. Weir, F. J. With- ington, John Moran, J. Jackson Crider, Emlen Lewis, J. B. Car- ter, H. M. Stone, George D. Coe, Samuel Shevely, John W. Mc- Menanny, J. W. Martin, G. A. Goben, S. W. Saunders, U. E. Patchen, W. S. Hall, E. H. Dorland, W. P. Perkins, Henry S. Strickland, J. W. Herrell, John A. PuUiam, F. M. Hickell, James A. Houser, J. E. Dunbar, W. F. Morrow, G. A. Sparling, J. Swayze Cater, W. T. Mefford, C. S. Boscow, Seth Clark, H. I. 276 HISTORY OP ADAIE COUNTY. ShuU, H. K. Cunningliam, W. S. Hall, Doctress Syrena Andrews, F. M. Barnes, John Shibley, James F. Snyder, Joshua Beach, Andrew P. Davis and Henry W. Heryford. The Twelfth Congressional District Medical Association was organized at Edina, November 12, 1879, Dr. Lee, of Knox, pre- siding, with Dr. Morrow, secretary. The medical men signing the constitution were: Drs. T. J. Norris, Brown, McKim, Chaistie, Johnson, Crawford, Ju Don, Grove, Priest, Justice, Parish Neeper, Rick, L. S. Brown, Helm, Downs and McCuUy. The Adair County Medical Association, of which Dr. W. F. Morrow was president in 1884-85, elected the following officers in May, 1885: Dr. John Burton, president ; Dr. J. Moran,vice-presi- dent; Dr. A. S. Pierce, secretary ; Dr. A. P. Willard, treasurer and Drs. Brown, Morrow and Herrell, censors. Dr. Albert G. Pierce and Dr. B. H. Browne were present at this meeting. On January 16, 1883, a Wabash train was wrecked near Mil- lard. Dr. F. M. Nickell, of Kirksville, was killed. Stages and Railroads. — Stages and railroads must be con- sidered post helium acquisitions. Prior ^to the war of 1861-65, and during that fratricidal struggle, nothing meriting the name of a stage-coach was known in this part of Missouri. Freight was brought hither by wagons over highways that would be shunned to-day. Toward the close of the war the old stage resumed a more pretentious appearance — something to deserve the name — a greater number of better horses were brought into service, and transportation quickened. About the fall of 1865 a stage coach, "bran new," was brought hither from New York City; negotiations between stage owners took some practical shape, so that connections could be made at certain points, and the time of travel shortened. Out of these negotiations came the established fact that the Owens, Ransom & Co.'s stages connect- ing with Chappie & Smith's stages at Kirksville were in full oper- ation in February, 1866. It was late when this was accomplished ; but for over two years the people had to tolerate this tedious, uncomfortable and often times unruly means of transport. North Missouri Railroad. — In 1854 the county was author- ized to subscribe |25,000 to the stock of the North Missouri Railroad, through A. H. Linder, agent.- In 1859 the county STATE OF MISSOUEI. 277 court paid over to the company $500 cash, and $14,500 six per cent bonds. In 1862 or 1863 $1,000 of the bonds were paid, and the interest for one year on the balance, $13,500. In May, 1868, $500 in bonds, with accrued interest, were paid, and at that time an arrangement was made to pay the remaining principal and interest in four annual installments, beginning in December, 1868, the first two payments to cover accrued and accruing inter- est, and the last two payments the principal of the bonds. The first installment, $3,500, was paid in December, 1868. A levy of 2 mills on the dollar was made in 1868 to meet this, and from this special levy more than sufficient funds were obtained. In December, 1871, it was proposed to wipe out the whole bonded debt of $14,500, and ignore the $10,000 extra, authorized but not subscribed. * . Ground was broken for the North Missouri Railroad at Kirks- ville October 30, 1866, opposite Frank P. Law's house, Wash- ington Grove. On July 18, 1868, the road was formally opened. The cele- bration was in charge of Jesse Burton, William Lough and E. H. Browne. At 11:30 A. M. the train arrived from Macon, and returned at 3:42 P. M. This road, like many others which were built through the aid of bounties or subscriptions offered by the people, fell into the hands of a receiver, and was operated under his direction until March 30, 1887, when the transfer to the Wabash Western Eail- road Co. was effected. Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad. — The people having obtained one railroad running north and south, were not slow to observe the advantages which a road from the Mississippi to the Missouri, running east and west through the county, would offer. The people of Kirksville led in this matter. The Kirksville rail- road committee of 1867 comprised J. A. Eichter, E. M. Ein'go, Capt. D. S. Hooper, J. H. Morris, J. B. Mears, Capt. B. P. Bumpas, O. H. Beeman, Judge D. A. Ely, J. M. De France, Judge Noah Stukey, A. L. Gibbs, W. B. Eeynolds, George Boon, David Wells, Judge J. Shibley and W. Bulkley. The railroad convention held at Quincy in May, 1869, resolved to take every measure to build a road from West Quincy to 278 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. Kirksville. F. M. Harrington was one of the delegates from Adair. In June a large meeting was held at Kirksville, which resulted in the railroad convention of June 24, 1869, being called to devise means for building a road from West Quinoy to the Missouri Eiver via Kirksville. This convention assembled in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. A company was organized, stock contributed and directors chosen, among the latter being J. M. De France, representing Adair County interests. No time was lost in preparing for the work of construction. In October, 1869, the line of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad was surveyed to the Chariton Eiver. The first ground was broken February 23, 1870, near the junction of the Hanni- bal & St. Joseph Railroad and the M. & M. A. L. R. R. On March 29, 1870, the townships voted on the question of financial aid as follows: Benton, 438 for, 9 contra. ; Polk, 27 for, 4 contra. ; Clay, 45 for, 24 contra. ; Morrow, 34 for, 7 contra. ; Nineveh, 21 for, 37 contra. ; Salt River, 44 for, 6 contra. ; Wilson, 14 for, 54 contra.; Pettis, 11 for, 36 contra.; Liberty, 23 for, 15 contra; Walnut, 2 for, 41 contra., or a total of 706 for, and 474 contra. The counties eastward subscribed liberally, so that the road was constructed rapidly as far as Kirksville, which was its western terminus. In January, 1878, its extension westward to Trenton was begun. , In October, 1879, the system was leased to the Wabash Railroad Company, and was operated by that company until August, 1885, when the name and title of the original com- pany were restored. In January, 1888, the road 'was formally sold and the name changed to the O. K. R. R.,or Quincy, Omaha & Kansas City Railroad. Chicago, Atchison & Santa Fe Railroad. — In January, 1887, a meeting was called at Kirksville by Mayor Ross, to consider the question' of securing the railroad, the route of which was being then surveyed. Subsequently a proposition was made to the Chicago & Santa Fe Railroad Company that in the event of making Kirksville a point on their line a liberal subsidy would be offered, but the company would not entertain the offer, for the reason that they determined to vary as little as possible from a bee line between Chicago and Santa Fe. The county, however, claims a small part of the Chicago & Santa Fe system, as it STATE OP MISSOUEI. 279 crosses the southeastern corner, where the company built Gibbs Station. The Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad is represented in the county by 31,935 miles of permanent way valued at $4,556.- 27 J per mile or $145,504.56 for the county. The buildings are valued at $1,300. Of the mileage, 9. 5 are in Salt Eiver Township, 7.2 in Benton Township, 7.1 in Nineveh and 8.8 in Morrow Town- ship. The side track at Brashier is .665; at Bullion, .189; at Eirksville .586 and at Novinger .189 of a mile. The Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific (northern branch) Railroad is represented in Adair County by 23f miles, valued at nearly $6,930 per mile, or $164,429.25 for the whole county, with build- ings valued at $2,115. In Wilson Township are 3.5 miles of track, in Pettis about 4 miles; in Benton about 11 miles, and in Polk about 5.3 miles. There is 1 mile of side track at Kirks- ville, one-fifth mile at Millard, and the same length at Sublette. Earlg Bridges. — The first bridge authorized by the county court was that over Shoal Creek, built in the summer of 1843. The settlers in the vicinity subscribed $181, and the county granted $17 toward this much needed improvement. On March 4, 1857, the act authorizing the erection of a toll bridge across the Chariton was approved. The owners named were John Loe, Zeph. Reynolds and Thomas Hays, incorporated under the title, Chariton Bridge Company. The charges author- ized were: Horse and rider, 10 cents; footman, 5 cents; single horse, mule, jack or jennet, 5 cents; work ox, 2 cents; each head of other stock, 1 cent. The bridge was to be completed within two years, and ferry boat or bridge competition within two miles was prohibited. The first bridge built over the Chariton River, within the limits of Adair County, was completed December 15, 1869. On August 7 the contract was sold to Wheeler, of Hannibal, for a truss bridge 260 feet long, with 130 feet main span. The total cost was $4,421.53. Prior to December, 1869, the traveler had to resort to the dangerous ford or the expensive and slow ferry to cross this river. Statistical. — The total direct tax derivable from stocks, mer- cantile and other sources, in 1886-87 was $2,087.17. 280 HISTOEY OF ADAIE COUNTY. The insurance companies assessed in Adair County in 1886 were New York Life Insurance Company, assessed $307; tax, $5.22. Eoyal Life Insurance Company, assessed $272; paid in taxes, $4.63. Northern Assurance Company, assessed $65; paid $1.11 in taxes. The National, the Agricultural of New York, the Fire Assurance of Pennsylvania, the Pennsylvania Fire Com- pany, "Washington Life & Marine Company, Commercial Union, Liverpool & London & Globe, German American, Milwaukee Mechanic's Mutual, Northwestern National and "Westchester of New York, were assessed $1,362; paid county tax, $13.62; school tax, $5.46 ; Benton Township tax, $4.10. The companies assessed here in 1887 were the above, with the following named additional: V. B. & M. Insurance Company, Hartford Fire, Hanover & Cit- izens, Phoenix, Concordia, State of Iowa, Niagara, Springfield, Glenn Falls, and one or two others. Assessment, Population, etc. — The original statement of the amount of revenue chargeable to Adair County, showing the aggregate amount of each object of taxation together with the tax due on the same in the year 1841, and reported to the State Legislature of 1842, is as follows: Polls, 509; paid taxes, $127.25; notes, bonds and moneys at interest yielded $12.56; the tax on 60 slaves was $23.75; on 659 horses, $43.96; on 8 mules, 42 cents; on 1,403 head of cattle, $24.93; 93 clocks yielded $1.32; 7 carriages, 53 cents; merchants' license, $63.50; grocers' license, $2*1.12; yielding a total tax of $318.84. In 1842 the total tax was $350.25. The following table gives the rate per cent of tax and object of tax levied from 1865 to 1869 inclusive: State County . . Military.. Railroad.. Bead Poor Bridge . . . Total 1865 $ .004 .008 003 001 $ .015 1866 $ .004 .008 005 003 I .019 1867 0065 0075 003 $ .017 1868 $ .005 .006 003 003 0005 $ .0165 1869 .005 .007 ".662 .008 .0005 .003 $ .0195 The school tax is not included in above, but when it is stated STATE OF MISSOURI. 281 that in the town of Kirksville such tax reaches 2 cents on the 100 cents' valuation, the extent of it may be conceived. The total personal and real estate assessment for the different townships in the year mentioned are given by way of comparison : 1876, Benton Township, 1,155,716; 1874, Clay, 452,534; 1874, Liberty, 146,327 ; 1876, Morrow, 196,260 ; 1876, Nineveh, 201,731 ; 1876, Pettis, 315,055; 1876, Polk, 190,387; 1876, Salt Eiver, 324,698; 1876, Walnut, 141,849; 1876, Wilson, 391,870. The valuation of real estate, based upon the returns of 1879, as given in the United States census of 1880, was $2,044,454, and of personal property, $929,902. The ]total tax levy for that year was $56,201, comprising $10,099 city, town, village and school district taxes; $11,897, State taxes, and $34,205 general county tax, or a little over 52.9 of the total assessed value of real and personal property. On the same authority the net debt of the county at that time was $21,000. The valuation represented a little over $195.80 per head of the population, the tax a point under $3.70 per head, and the debt a point over $1.38 per head of population. Within the county in 1880 were forty-seven manufacturing establishments, employing 131 male adults and seventeen chil- dren, who earned $31,974. The capital employed was $77,685. The raw material cost $157,000, and the manufactured products sold for $257,100. According to the census of 1880 there were 1,942 farms; 165,208 acres improved with buildings and fences valued at $3,047,473, and implements and machinery at $161,661. The live stock was valued at $915,914; the cost of building and repairing fences in 1879 was $27,850; the cost of fertilizers pur- chased in 1879 was $167, and the estimated value of farm pro- ductions sold, consumed, or on hand in 1879 was $927,880. The total assessments of personal property in Adair County, based on the ownership of such property, June 1, 1886, and on which the taxes of 1887 were levied, is as follows: horses, 7,362, value, $214,040; asses and jennets, 36, value, $1,095; mules, 827, value,$24, 485; neat cattle, 24,471, value, $316,780; sheep, 9,993, value, $10,070; hogs, 20,897, value, $33,100. Value of other live 18 282 HISTORY OP ADAIE COUNTY. stock, $435; moneys, notes and bonds, $291,530; all other per- sonal property, $186,090; total assessed value, $1,077,625. This assessment does not include merchants' stocks or land. They do not escape taxation, however, as shown in other lists. The total assessment of real estate is $2,133,750, raised by the State board ten per cent, or $213,375 plus $2,133,750 equals $2,347,125, subject to 14| mills direct tax or over $34,000. The total tax for 1887 is four mills State, ten mills county, one-half mill road. The school tax varies. The railroad tax is three and one-third mills in Benton Township. The value of bonds now outstanding is $148,350. The town- ship bonds are $35,000 and the east half of Salt Eiver, $4,500. The railroad bonds are represented by $75,000 as well as the $39,500. The balance is represented by normal school bonds. The census of Adair County in 1880 was taken under the direction of United States Supervisor Draper by Frank W. Gibbs in Wilson Township, J. W. Murphin in Salt Eiver; Benjamin Bowman in Clay ; H. 0. Sohn in Pettis ; Stanly Thompson in Benton, outside Kirksville ; Sandford Snyder in Kirksville ; W. E. Newlon in Polk; A. H. Latham in Walnut; J. L. Zeigler in Liberty ; James H. Novinger in Nineveh ; and James A. Branna- man in Morrow. Townships. 1880. 1870. Benton, including Kirksville 4,239 3,369 Kirksville 3,814 1,471 Clay.. 1,833 1,340 Liberty 1,030 854 Morrow 1,683 877 Nineveh. 1,218 420 Pettis 1,113 1,041 Polk 716 769 Salt River, including Brashears 1,377 1,164 Brashears* 164 100 Walnut 691 495 Wilsont 1.301 1,119 Total 15,190 11,448 The population in 1860 was 8,531, and in 1850, when the United States census of Adair was first taken, 2,342. Population. — The population in 1880 comprised 14,718 natives *PaulYllIe in 1870. tWllaon Settlement, 32 In 1870. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 283 of the United States, and 472 foreign born. Of the first class, 8,330 are Missourians ; 1,190, natives of Illinois ; 593, of Kentucky ; 1,247, of Ohio ; 229, of Tennessee, and 803, of Indiana. Of the sec- ond class, 82 are Canadians; 104, Irish; 78, English and Welsh; 15, Scotch ; 149, Germans ; 12, French ; 16, Swedes and Norwegians. Of the total present population 226 are colored, compared with 143 in 1870, and 95 in 1860. The male population in 1880 was 7,909, and the female, 7,281. Of these numbers 2,595 males and 2,470 females, werfe between the ages of five and seventeen years of age; 2,976 males between eighteen and forty-four years of age, and 3,640 males, twenty-one years and over. In 1860 there were 229 foreign born inhabitants; in 1870, 376, and in 1880, 472. The population of the county in 1860 was made up as fol- lows : White males, 4,442; white females, 3,994; male slaves, 35; female slaves, 51; free colored males, 4; free colored females, 5; or a total of 8,531. Of the 8,436 white persons here in 1860 1,430 were voters, or about one-sixth of the entire population; 86 were slaves, and nine free colored persons without the pale of the franchise. Compare these figures with those of 1880, and we find a population of 15,190, without a slave or disfranchised colored man, giving a total vote for the National tickets of 3,255 or less than one-fifth of the total number of inhabitants. In 1841, 509 persons paid poll tax. Three years later 654 votes were cast for the National tickets, and at this time the popula- tion, including 65 slaves, did not exceed 1,800. In 1841 the population was estimated at 1,100, the total tax at $318.84 or a point under 29 cents per capita. To-day it is safe to say that the general and school taxes impose an annual burden of over $3 per capita, while the indirect or national tax exceeds that amount. This large increase in taxation, however, is justified by the advan- tages and conveniences placed at the disposal of the people, and must not be compared with the primitive demands of forty-six years ago. COUETS AND BAE. From the close of the first era of the white settlement of Mas- sachusetts, or rather from the ending of communal government. 284 HISTOEY OF ADAIE COUNTY. the advocate has existed and made his presence and legal knowl- edge powers in the land, while tradesmen and merchants and preachers and doctors plodded along almost unknown and unfelt in the political world. The profession of law was looked upon by the ambitious as the certain road toward the attainment of wealth and fair renown. The advances made by society in later years engendered new ideas — some ethical, some purely political — one class of students entered what we may call the ethical law class, the other the political. The one sought preferment and profit from steady attention to his clients ; the other from a close study of the political community of which he was the center. Each class in time entered the courts, and once in practice cir- cumstances often pointed out the highly ethical student of some years ago to be better adapted to the contemporary political class. Theory gave away to the demands of actual practice and the craft, as a whole, was soon made up of Men of that large profession, who can speak To every cause, and things indeed contraries, Till they are hoarse again, yet all be law That with most quick agility can turn. And return, make knots and undo them. Give forked counsel, take provoking gold From either side and put it up. For a number -of years this political opinion of the lawyer ruled among the masses. Down to the beginning of this genera- tion it was in the main correct, for it must be remembered that scarcely a quarter of a century ago it was generally considered a lawyer's duty to clear the guilty by fair or foul means, and that "fat contentions and flowing fees" was the motto of the profession. Prior to the war the leaders of the United States bar resolved to draw such lines about and around the law circle as would insure a higher standard. The first movement toward such a result was attended with success, a second drew the lines tighter, and a third raised the profession to be the first in business integrity and best in citizenship within the Union. It is not presumed at all that all the evils remaining from old time precedents were removed or all the old offenders of the guilty ostracized, but enough of precedents were revised and enough of the old defend- ers were reconstructed to bring about the long desired result, STATE OF MISSOURI, 285 and prepare the way for the new school of law, the materially- moral school which has now replaced the old, old system. Circuit Court, 1841-86. — The first circuit court of Adair County was opened by Judge James A. Clark, within John Cain's house, April 4, 1841. The Judge presented his commission, signed by Gov. Thomas Eeynolds and Secretary A. L. Minor'. Sheriff Ely returned his Tenire. The following named persons were called as grand jurors: Jesse Jones, E. Braggs, James A. Adkins, Jonathan Floyd, John Warner, William ShoU, Joseph N. Stewartridge, John Mikel, John D. , S. Morrow, Westel Mason, Col. David Floyd, Spencer Grogan, Qnity, Henry Shibley, Isaac Mul- lanix, Walter Crocket, William Hurley and Othan . Benjamin F. Stringfellow presented his commission as circuit attorney of the eleventh judicial circuit. Benjamin F. Tarr presented his license as an attorney at law, and was enrolled as an attorney in this State. The first indictment was returned against an Indian trader named Thoret Eose. In August, 1841, the same judge presided. The grand jury comprised James Myers, Thomas Parton, David B. Eice, Eichard Humphreys, John Asbill, Squire Holman, Noah Stukey, Stephens, G. E. Custer, William H. Eusk, Jesse Kirk, Levan Dean, George Clevinger, Joel Chambers, Garrett Shuett, Canada Owensby and William Hindson. During this term the following named attor- neys were authorized to practice law in Adair County: Addison Eeese, James S. Greene, Clear Orley and James H. Birch. E. Fish, a Massachusetts lawyer, was permitted to practice here by courtesy of the county. The cases before the April term were the people against Tho- ret Eose, for trading with the Indians, Solsberry Miller vs. John F. EUerman, an appeal; William Whittoniei;s. same, an appeal; all of which were continued. Three petitions for ad quod damnum were considered. James Prime declared his intention of becoming a citizen, and to him the first papers were issued. Charles Cov- also declared similar intentions. John A. Myers was examined as a candidate for admission to the bar, by James H. Birch and Eobert Wilson, an examining committee appointed by Judge Clark. They reported August 24, and Mr. Myers was admitted. Among the new suits entered were the Bank of Illinois vs. Will- 286 HISTORY OF ADAIE COUNTY. iam P. Linder; Woods, Christy & Co. vs. Jesse Jones; Varrens Ward vs. John M. Fish; William T. Brasfield vs. David Floyd, a slander case; James Clayton vs. James A. Lyons and Ewen Bozarth. The new series of indictments included one for betting on cards; one against Morgan C. Hensley, Samuel Withrow and Harvey Ford, for keeping dramshops; against Andrew J. Jones, Thomas Christian, Preston MuUinax, Will- iam Duett, William Crissup, T. J. McAfee, W. M. Sloan, Andrew Hatiield, Nicholas O. Elson, George Dale, John Jones, Vi. Nichols, Hatcher, William Dickinson, James L. Jones, William H. Parcels, John F. Fergurson, for betting on cards; against Henry Clem, Levi Nicholas and Andrew Hatfield for per- mitting gambling in their houses. Each of the law breakers was fined $5, the amount to be credited to the school fund of the county. The State vs. Dr. Eckles, for bigamy, resulted also in an indictment. The first jury case, Solsberry Miller vs. John F. Ellerman, was presented to the following named jurors : D. M. T. Brasfield, Coleman W. Hardin, Jonathan Floyd, Peter Gunsolas, James T. Kirk, Cornelius Elson, Nelson Grogan, Ishmael Abbitt, Thomas J. Dabney, Edward Stewart, William M. Sloan and Westel Ma- son. This jury rendered a verdict as follows: "We the jury fine the defendant." Judge Clark rendered his decision as fol- lows: "That the said plaintiff take nothing, but that he be in mercy for his false complaint and that the said defendant go thereof without day, and that the defendent have thereof his execution. The December term of court (1841) was held at Jesse Kirk's bouse. The following formed the grand jury : Jefferson Fulcher, Jeremiah Brower, James A. Adkins, Richard West, William Col- lett, Enoch McClann, John Hibbard, Thomas J. Meeks, Robert M. Myers, Charles Thompson, John Parton, Squire Holman, William Eingo, James Cunningham, John Mikel, Coldren W; Hardin and Henry Clem. The first case decided was that against Thoret Rose, dismissed. Among the jurors the following new names appear: William Hibbard, Preston MuUinax, Thomas Knight, Abram Morris, William Horton, John G. Davis, A. H. Linder, Arch. S. Bryant. The bigamy case against Dr. Eckles STATE OF MIBSOUEI. 287 also failed. Among the jurors on his case the names of James Cobb, William Oglesby, Newton Eichey, Joll Asher and Eichard Biswell appear. Withrow was fined $20 for keeping a dram- shop. Walker and Parcels were two of the seven jurymen who tried this case. In December, 1841, attorneys John W. Myers, William Hall, Josiah Fish and West Halliburton were enrolled. In the celebrated slander case, Brasfield vs. Floyd, the jury gave 1463.34 damages. This jury was made up as follows: Abel Stu- key, Thomas Jones, Eichard Humphreys, Cornelius and Eichard Elson, Stillman Snell, Geo. H. Morris, Abram Morris, Lewis Conner, Geo. J. Clevinger, James Nicholas and James Bras- field. Some heavy judgments against Jesse Jones were recorded at this time. The appeal from a decision of Justice Hiram Eeed, of Pettis Township, in the case of Ben. F. Jetter, assignee of Wade H. Whitney vs. Ichabod Mobley, was brought forward this term. Many new indictments against card players were rendered by the grand jury. A few of the old players' names appear in this list, such as Henderson Harris, William Crissup, Francis Taylor, Preston MuUanix, Albion Jones, Thomas Christian, Will- iam H. Parcels, William S. Townsend, Presley Edwards, Joshua Ennis, J. MuUanix, John Shaddon, Eobert Cochrane, A. J. Jones, Joseph Holman and George Davis. These cases were tried in April, 1842, and a number of $5 fines imposed. Among the names of the grand jurors attending this term were John A. Mur- phy, Josiah Bogess, Anderson Willis, Eobert C. Carter, D. Alex- ander, James CofE, Jacob Young, James Cross, Samuel Parker, W. P. Jackson and William West. The first divorce case, Polly Jane Botts vs. Seth Botts, was heard in December, 1842. The May term of 1843 was held within the new courthouse at Kirks- ville. In October the first petition to foreclose a mortgage was heard here — Joseph Clay brook vs. Henry, Elizabeth and Michael Clem. In 1844 Westley Hamilton was circuit attorney. In May, 1845, James Trewhitt was indicted on a charge of murder. Eichard Guffey and Garrett Hall were indicted on the charge "assault with intent to kill." Jesse Gilstrap, Jr., was the victim of the first. In September, 1845, Adair was a part of the newly formed 288 HISTOEY OF ADAIR COUNTY. fourth judicial circuit, of which Addison Eeese was commis- sioned judge, and James E.. Abernathy, attorney. At this time William E. Jones was admitted an attorney of this bar. The names of attorneys Abram McKenny and E. B. Cone appear in 1847. In April, 1850, Dr. William Lough was fined $50 for practicing medicine without a license, also Drs. W. F. G. Lans- dale, Franklin F. Neff, James C. Goode and William A. Coch- rane. At this time James J. Lindley was circuit attorney, fol- lowed in 1853 by John C. Anderson. The second divorce case, James Clemmens vs. Margaret Clemmens, was heard in May, 1854, and was decided in favor of the plaintiff. In May, 1857, the' charge of assault with intent to kill was proven against John L. Taylor, who was fined $250. On January 25, 1858, B. G. Barrow was appointed by Judge Eeese, circuit attorney. Judge Thomas Eichardson was commissioned judge of the fourth cir- cuit in August, 1859, and opened court here October 3, 1859. The docket was a lengthy one, but the most serious case pre- sented was that of murder against James Dye, Sr. This case, however, was changed to Sullivan County. In 1860 Joshua Dye's name is connected with the same charge. In January, 1860, Albert Wilkerson was indicted for attempting io entice or decoy certain slaves. He was sentenced to four and a half years' hard labor in the State prison. In May the charge •of assault with intent to kill was made against James Neff. On February 4, 1862, James Ellison was elected judge of the fourth circuit, and took the oath of office at Kirksville, March 31, that year. On May 19, 1862, the document of which the following is a copy was recorded: We and each of us do solemnly swear that we will support the Constitu- tion of the United States and of Missouri, and that we will not take up arms against the Government of the United States, nor against the Provisional Gov- ernment of Missouri, and that we will not give aid or comfort to the enemies of either during the present civil war. So help us God. E. V. Wilson. W. S. Griggs. Geo. W. Foster. Geo. W. Sharp. j. m. robbktson. B. Q. Barrow. J. H. Myers. A. L. GiLSTRAP. J. B. DODSON. B. J. Eeerman. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 289 The sheriff and deputy took the oath as required under the statute of 1855. David "Wagner was elected judge of the fourth judicial cir- cuit June 21, 1864, and in December opened court in Kirksville. In May, 1865, Judge Elias V. Wilson presided, with "William C. Hillis, circuit attorney, the latter having been appointed by the Governor. During the March special term of 1868, F. M. Har- rington, county attorney, was appointed acting circuit attorney. In 1872 John W. Henry presided as circuit judge, with Fletcher "White, circuit attorney, succeeded by James -Ellison, county attorney. At this time Adair belonged to the twenty-seventh circuit. Andrew Ellison was appointed circuit judge, subse- quently elected, and has since occupied the bench. The attorneys of early days were known as " Judge Clark's Hangers," a witty, jolly set of men, who reveled and feasted when opportunities were presented, but always were ready and able to defend' or prosecute a case. Lawyer Brower was stationed here, but, as his time was devoted to school teaching, he did not often appear in court. In the following list the names of all who must be considered members of the Adair County bar are given: Attorneys. — In the pages devoted to the circuit court the names of all the old circuit riders, and their disciples, who were admitted here, are given. In this list the names of lawyers who have practiced here since 1860 are given: Edwin Pratt, admitted at Utica, N. Y., in 1825; James Ellison, in 1834; John "W. Henry, at Macon, in 1845; John F. "Williams, at Macon, in 1853; B. G. Barrow, at Kirksville, in 1850; J. P. Fos- ter, at Kirksville, in 1851; James M. De France, at Platts- burg, in 1855; John C. Anderson, at Canton, in 1855; "W. P. Linder, at Kirksville; Edward McCabe, in 1850, at Pal- myra; J. B. Alverson, at Lancaster, in 1856; "W. L. Griggs, at Palmyra, in 1858; A. D. Eisdon, at Marengo, in 1865; E. P. Johnson, at Louisana, in January, 1861; C. L. Lewis, at Kirks- ville, in 1874; James Ellison, Jr., at Canton, in May, 1869; James M. Balthorpe, at Palmyra, in 1868; G. W. Meals, at Milan, 1873; J. A. Pickler, in Iowa, 1872; P. F. Greenwood, at Kirksville, in October, 1866; H. F. Millan, in Iowa, May 5, 1865; F. M. Har- rington, in Illinois, September, 1863; Andrew Ellison, at Canton, 280 HISTOBT OF ADAIE COUNTY. Mo., January, 1867; W. W. Cover, at Ottawa, 111., 1866; Lucien Cover, at Chicago, in 1870; George W. Cooper, at Kirksville, in 1871; Abram Slingerland, Albany, N. Y., 1867; O. D. Jones, Edina, 1872; W. C. Hollister, at Mexico, in October, 1865; J. T. Smith, Kirksville, 1874; G. F. Ballingal, 1874; Samuel McKeyn- olds, at Kirksville, 1874; W. T. Keys, at Memphis, Mo., 1865; A. E. Pope, in Ohio, 1856; Joseph Park, at Kirksville, 1875; De L. Miller, at Milan, 1875 ; Thomas W. Lipscomb, at Palmyra, 1875; H. B. Foster, at La Plata, 1875; E. V. Wilson, Ohio, 1846; W. E. McQuoid, Edina, 1871; M. J. Manville, Illinois, 1865; G. W. Wanamaker, Linneus, 1876; M. D. Hollister, Edina, 1872; J. E. Musick, at Kirksville, 1876; John W. '^Johnston, 1877; J. E. Pierce, at Washington, D. C, 1875; Winford Hope (no date given) ;C. F. Pawling, 1874; B. M.- Prentiss, at Quincy, 111., 1864; John E. Watson, at Kirksville, 1878; J. M. Ivie, at Kirks- ville, 1878; George S. Grover, Huntsville, Mo., 1878; W. M. Evers, at Eichmond, Mo., 1859; W. D. Oldham, at Kirksville, 1879; G. W. Mendell, at Vevay, Ind., 1870; J. H. Cupp, at Kirksville, in 1880; and M. W. Smith, at Kirksville, in 1879; Jacob Sands, John W. Hall, Edward C. Hall and George T. Collins do not give dates of admission to the bar. John C. O'Ferrall was admitted at Kfrksville June 18, 1881 ; J. H. Car- roll, at Unionville, Mo., in March, 1881; John M. McCall, at Edina, in 1875. Brinkerhoff and T. C. Cory were here in 1867. The former became a circuit judge in Arkansas, where he was killed accidentally. A few of the lawyers named practiced here in the old elev enth judicial circuit, a few in the re-districted fourth cir- cuit, and the greater number in the new twenty-seventh circuit. A reference to the sketch of the circuit court will point out those who practiced here during all the circuit changes. The old county court and the county judge of later days are referred to in the organic history. The county court or commissioners' court combined in itself a judicial and executive power. It was the predecessor of the circuit as it has been its contemporary. The justice court, a combination of actual horse-sense, with a sprinkling of common law, held a large place in the judicial world of Adair, forty-seven years ago. STATE OF MISSOURI. 291 A Justice Court in 1841. — In the winter of 1840-41 Squire Elvin Allen, an uncle of ex-United States Senator David E. Atch- ison, was informed that one of the Partons, of the Chariton was waiting on him to have a warrant issued for Pete Walker on the charge of hog stealing. Allen issued the warrant, and appointed a place and day for the trial. Some time in the fall of 1840 Will- iam H. Parcels was commissioned a justice of the peace for the upper Chariton precinct of Macon County. Squire Allen heard of this appointment, and a messenger was sent to Parcels with a request that he should be present at John Morrow's house to assist in the trial of one Pete Walker. Squire Parcels was there at the time appointed, and was soon joined by Chief Justice Allen, dressed in buckskin, with coon-skin cap, and a common hunting knife' suspended from his belt. Within a short time forty individuals similarly attired presented themselves. The prisoner was put in a corner, the judges took their seats, and the court was declared open. Parcels was the only one in the room who wore civilized dress, and for a while the Kentuckian and his dress monopolized much of the curiosity of the crowd. As the day wore on, however, the audience gave more attention to the prosecutor and prosecuted, and when night came on, without a decision, the uneasy listeners, whether friends of Parton or Walker, gave all their attention to the court, and were not slow to condemn the ways of law. Next morning a larger crowd assembled; but this time the presence of many whisky-filled gourds gave evidence that the audience were prepared to fight old time himself as well as the court. The trial progressed, men drank whisky, yawned and swore. Toward evening they simply drank, swore and threatened. During all this time Asso- ciate Justice Parcels was engaged in making a memoranda of the trial ; but now as matters were coming to a close he engaged in making a survey of the crowd. The result was not reassuring and, like the doctor in Bacon's drama " Macbeth," felt that "were he away from Dunsinnane the devil wouldn't catch him there again." Squire Allen was summing up the evidence, and evi- dently his intention was to decide in favor of Walker. The Par- tonites saw this, and to make justice sure swooped down on the associate justice and relieved him of all the written testimony. 292 HISTOET OF ADAIR COUNTY. At tMs moment the senior justice brandished his knife in the faces of six of the attacking party, declared the defendant not guilty, and then fought his way through the mob. At the same moment the prisoner escaped. A minute before this climax came, the associate justice disappeared, and was en route to Bobert Miller's house when, looking back, he beheld the chief justice rid- ing after him in hot haste. On coming up Allen stood in the stirrups, brandished his knife, and declared that he would give justice if he had to cut out the hearts of all the Partons to do so. Associate Justice Parcels did not fail to notice the excited condi- tion of his temporary associate on the bench, and thought to him- self how pleasant it was to escape from the barbarians with his life. Modern Strange Decisions. — The peculiar justice court trials of this county, from the time it was a township of Macon County to the present, would fill volumes ; but here we can only give the above as the first, and the following two stories as the last, char- a'cterizing the administration of justice from 1841 to 1874. In 1873 Justice Link in delivering judgment said: "I find there is not much evidence against the defendant; but if he is not guilty it is the first time of his innocence, and in any case I will fine him a couple of dollars on general principles." As late as 1874 the oddities of justice did not cease to exist. One Sabbath Justice Berry issued a warrant for the arrest of young Ephraim OuUop, summoned a jury of six, refused to hear witnesses for the defense, examined the prosecuting witness him- self, and without any pretense of hearing the defendant gave the case to the jury, who found him' guilty, and the justice sentenced the boy to two years in the penitentiary. Before sundown on that Sabbath, OuUbp was arrested, tried, and placed in the county prison. Tragedies. — Hiram Keed, referred to in the pioneer chapter, came to the Chariton from Howard County in 1838. That year he built a cabin on Section 9, Township 61, Bange 16, but he was such a mysterious character, suspicion of being a member of the horse-thief league fastened upon him, and from that moment the settlers were anxious he should leave. Toward this end W. P. Linder purchased his claim; but instead of leaving the STATE OP MISSOUEI. 293 country he moved to the eastern bank of the Chariton, where he resided until driven out by the settlers in 1840. He was sub- sequently known in Texas. The first shooting affray known in Adair County was that of Joseph Cain shooting Philip Upton. Cain, it is related, follow- ing the example of his Biblical namesake, fled in terror. For twenty years prior to the war of 1861-65 the greater number of the inhabitants presented many of the characteristics which mark the people of to-day. A small number still devoted much time to the hunt and were always armed. The "men were naturally strong, whisky was plenty, and the amenities of society unknown among that class, so that broils of a serious character sometimes disturbed the quiet of the settlements. The- murder of Sumpter by Ward in 1861, and the fate of the latter, taught a new lesson, which at once was followed by good results. On January 8, 1866, a youth of nineteen years, named Wilson, who resided in the neighborhood of Illinois Bend, in this county, attended church with his people, but on returning home did not enter the house with the other members. A shot was heard, a rush was made to the spot by the family, when the youth was found to be dead. In April, 1866, the homes of Hugh and George Mikel, and of Thomas Fletcher, in Polk Township, were destroyed by fire, sup- posed to be incendiary. The broil between the brothers — William, Thomas, Obadiah and Rhodes Lowe — at their father's residence on December 29, 1869, resulted in the killing of one brother, Obadiah, and the wounding of another, Rhodes. Lewis W. Link, a justice and acting coroner, held an inquest next day, with Ben Brewington, W. W. Royal, John Q. Armstrong, Thomas Rattan, J. H. Morris and J. B. Montgomery, jurors, when a verdict against William Lowe, Jr., was returned. In 1866 Samuels, a nephew of the old saloon-keepei^ then work- ing in Neff's saloon, was shot and killed. The murderer, Lane, mounted his horse, rode around the square and escaped. The sheriff pursued him about three miles, keeping just close enough to be outside the range of the murderer's revolver. The quarrel originated over a game of cards, when, it is said, young Samuels tried to choke the man who killed him. 294 HISTOEY OF ADAIB COUNTY. A peculiar homicide occurred near Greentop, in November, 1871. A stranger en route to Kirksville stopped at a store in Greentop to purchase some goods. Fountain Phelps stepped in and asked the stranger to treat so as to become drunk like him- self. The traveler refused to do this, and a battle was imminent, had not on-lookers quelled the anger of each man. The stranger went on his journey, but Phelps hurried to his home, mounted a horse, and, like a drunken brute, followed up the traveler to harass him further. At Devil's Hollow he came up with his proposed victim, who, not seeing his way to tolerate further inconvenience from the Greentop man, unhitched his team and prepared to give battle to his pursuer. Phelps was ready, but the traveler, knowing the desperate character of this man of liquor, seized a singletree and with it struck him on the head. Phelps was taken home and died within thirty-six hours. The traveler was not arrested nor was his name advertised. On November 13, 1873, a prisoner in the jail at Kirksville hanged himself. His name was Benjamin F. Olarkston. The attempt to rob Gilbert and 0. F. Strong in the streets of Kirksville, in March, 1874, was made by Ed. J. Forbes, formerly a soldier of the First Arkansas Cavalry, Company I. They gave battle to the robber and captured him. In February, 1875, H. W. Bernard committed suicide by taking poison. In May, following, Mrs. Millie Crawford Estel followed the example, and a few days later, a woman who claimed to be Sam Knox's wife perpetrated a similar crime. In November, 1875, a Mrs. Messersmith residing on the Huston farm, nine miles southwest of Kirksville, discovered a bevy of prairie chickens. Taking down the rifle she was about to fire on the unsuspecting chickens, but changed her intentions, and was in the act of raising up the rifle to put it in its place, when her little girl came opposite the muzzle. That moment the gun was discharged, the bullet entered the child's body, and she was dead in a short time. On March 12, 1876, John Young, of Polk Township, an old man of seventy-six winters, was murdered in his own house by Peter and William Branstetter. On March 13 a coroner's jury found that the Branstetters murdered Young "by kicks and STATE OF MI8S0UBI. 295 other Tiolence on the privates, and hanging by the neck." The defense, by Harrington & Greenwood, showed the innocence of the accused and won acquittal. In October, 1876, a youth of eight summers shot Joie Brown, aged six years, who died the following day. The shooting of F. M. Cluster by Daniel Fickle took place November 11, 1877. Eace Evans and wife, formerly of this county, who were encamped on the banks of the Big Blue River, Kas., in April, 1878, were burned to death. The drowning of Charles M. AUgaier in the Chariton River occurred in July, 1878. The celebrated trial. People vs. John C. Hayden, for the murder of Frank Tweedell March 23, 1879, took place in February, 1880. P. F.Greenwood was prosecutor, with Harrington, Musick, Mitchel and Parks defending. It was evident that Tweedell encountered Hayden near Bear Creek, and said: " John, I have come to kill you," with the intention of murdering him, so the only alterna- tive left the defendant was to disable the deceased, and this was so promptly and effectually done that Tweedell never carried out his intention ; the jury acquitted Hayden. In 1879 a gang of counterfeiters induced John Roberts, of Walnut Township, to join them. Some time in March of that year Roberts gave such information as led to the arrest of John Cook, F. M. Smith, Bud Nichols, Peter Hodge, John and Will- iam Sliven, William Lewis, Alex Shoemaker, John Shoemaker, Henry May and James Hickocks. Cook and the two Slivens plead guilty, and the former disclosed the whole conspiracy before Commissioner Musick. To H. F. Hays the credit of capturing this gang is mainly due. In May, 1879, the widow of Robert Willis~lost a child in the fire which destroyed her house. Thomas Home, a former student at Kirksville and member of the old Dramatic Company here, killed John D. Taylor, a farmer of Saline County, Mo., in May, 1880. The suicide of Miss Ella 'Hevlin, aged thirty years, of Green- top, took place in November, 1880. It is said she was engaged to Dr. Naylor, of that village, and that in May the wedding supper was prepared, when the Doctor fled. 296 HISTOBY OF ADAIB COUNTY. In November, 1880, a desperado (when drunk) was killed at Milan. His name was Ed. Forsythe. His assailant was Charles Mason. In November, 1881, Jesse Munn, from the Chariton mills in Pettis Township, became mad with liquor, and with his revolver took possession of the city. I. S. Hill, then marshal, and Con- stable Patterson ^.ttempted to arrest him, but the unfortunate brute arrested the officers and marched them round the streets, releasing them at Sloan's saloon. Mayor Smith, learning of this affair, ordered his arrest, and went with the officers to assist in or direct it. Munn appeared, fired at the mayor, then at Hill, who with Patterson opened a deadly fire on the desperado, inflict- ing such wounds as to cause his death a few daye later. This shooting by the officers was a necessity, and many expresssd an opinion that it should have been done some years before. The coroner's jury justified the officers. Judge Nelson Grogan, born in Tennessee in 1803, was a res- ident' of Adair County forty-one years at the time of his death, August 2, 1881, The murder of Philo H. Slyter by Eobett Elwell occurred in Walnut Township September 8, 1881, Mrs. Slyter being the only' witness of the terrible death of her husband, other than the perpetrator. The murdered man no doubt threatened Elwell, while the latter carried out his threat unmistakably. James A. Byrnes, a member of the I. O. O. F. h«re, was found dead in Wilson's Grove, west of the city, September 23, 1881. The coroner's jury could not define the manner of his death. On June 26, 1882, Nelson G. Dodson and Lyman Bushey were killed by lightning, and James Campbell stunned, while sit- ting in Dodson's barn. Dodson was not marked, but Btishey's face was blackened and his clothes set on fire. The trial of Willard Bay, for the murder of Jefferson Sul- livan during a religious meeting in Walnut Township, in 1882, took place in 1883. In February of that year he was sentenced to fifteen years in the penitentiary. Charles Weaver, who went into the Boydson grape-arbor on the lies farm in Nineveh Township one night in September, W/74/fl COUNTr. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 297 1882, was fired upon by Boydson, who then went into the house. Next morning he found the dead body of Weaver, and at once surrendered to the sheriff, relating the facts. Eobert Erwin was drowned in a well on his brother's farm, January 9, 1885. He was a brother of Judge Erwin, aged forty- five years, and served in Company G, Sixty-second Pennsylvania Infantry. At the time of his death he was corporal of the Dix Post, G. A. E. In January, 1885, one Dupree, of Morrow Township, died, aged eighty-two years. In 1883 he made his own coffin. In 1885, a local " washwoman," Wah Hop, a celestial resi- dent, was robbed of |230 by his visiting friend. Sing Lee. He was sentenced to a term in the State's prison. As he was the first Chinaman imprisoned in Adair County, so also he was the fiLTst celestial inmate' of the State hotel. Brookfield Bobbers. — The Brookfield Bank robbers, who, June 7, 1882, robbed the Brookfield Bank of $5,000 and rode off with their booty, were pursued by a posse from Brookfield and one from Linneus, while Sheriff Shaver, of Kirksville, des- patched men on June 8 to watch a house on the Hooper farm, twelve miles southwest on the Chariton River. These detectives pretended to be fishermen, and in going into the house asked for water to drink. They did not fail to discover a number of men within. They reported at Kirksville as soon as possible, when fifteen men of Company E, Second Regiment National Guards of Missouri, under Lieut. -Col. Kinnear, Capt. Davis and Lieut. Ross, under direction of the sheriff, proceeded to the robbers' rendez- vous. In the evening they met the Brookfield and Linneus con- tingents. All surrounded the house, and then Sheriff Shaver walked toward the door and demanded the surrender of the party within. This was denied. The sheriff told them that the house was surrounded and would be attacked within ten minutes unless they surrendered. The robbers wanted to know the charge, which was related by the sheriff. They then proposed to surren- der if allowed to hold their arms. This proposition was denied, and they ultimately walked out with their hands raised. The premises were searched, and on the second floor fifty or sixty fine revolvers,- bowie-knives, torpedoes and burglar tools were found, 10 298 HISTOBY OF ADAIB COUNTY. also a supply of liquors, but no money. A prisoner, Frank Mason, was induced to return eight miles to get the silver taken from the bank, where $450 were found; $1,400 were found on their persons. Under threat of lynching, Mrs. Mason disclosed Tvhere $1,300 in gold could be found. These sums with $500 . Hoskins, of Glenwood, Schuyler County. For the last thirty years of his life he lived in Putnam County, Mo. Henry Clay Dean was born October 27, 1822, in Fayette County, Penn. He was the second of three brothers, all of whom are now dead. He was the son of Caleb Dean, who was born in December, 1789, in Mifflin County, Penn. Caleb Dean's father was born near Philadelphia, and was named William Dean. William Dean married Sarah McDonald, sister to the McDonald who stole the horse " Selim" from the tory. Sarah McDonald's father was killed at the battle of Brandywine. William and Sarah (McDonald) Dean were married in Huntingdon County, Penn., and moved to Washington County, and settled near the birth- STATE OF MISSOUEI. 445 place of James G. Blaine. They removed to Brown County, Ohio, where William Dean died of cholera. They were the parents of ten children. Henry Bascom frequently preached at the house of William Dean. Caleb Dean married Jemima Indsley, daugh- ter of Solomon Indsley, a man of remarkable mind and of peculiar character. His wife was named Britannia Dean, and was of the same stock as William Dean, and lived to be one hundred and four years old. Among the ancestors of Caleb Dean was Henry Dean, Archbishop of Canterbury in the reign of Henry VIII., of England. Caleb Dean's wife was a descendant of a Maryland family, who came to America with Lord Baltimore, and she was related to the Eutledges of South Carolina. Henry Clay Dean married Miss Christiana Margaret Haigler, daughter of Jacob Haigler, who was born in Pendleton County, Va. (now West Vir- ginia), and who was a teamster in the War of 1812. His father, William Haigler, was a soldier in the Eevolutionary War, and one of Gen. Washington's body-guard. He left ten children. Both the parents of Jacob Haigler were natives of Germany. Henry Clay Dean in early life worked at the stone-mason's trade, taught school, and was educated at Madison College, Penn- sylvania. When he was thirteen years old his father built a stone house in German Township, Fayette County, assisted by his three sons, William, John and Henry Clay, each of whom took up his own corner. When Henry Clay had finished his corner, he threw down his hammer, trowel and square, jumped down from the scaffold, and declared that henceforth he would try some other mode of making a living. The corner of the house still stands, a masterpiece of finished masonry, admired by all who see it. After attending common school, and teaching some time, he made arrangements with Hon. Andrew Stewart, of Union Township, who carried on extensive iron works, to keep his books for him. While thus engaged he made earnest and commend- able efforts to acquire knowledge, carrying his studies far into, the night. After leaving the office of Mr. Stewart, he taught school, studied theology, and joined the Methodist Church ; was ordained a minister and assigned to a circuit in the West Vir- ginia conference. While making an itinerant visit to Eastern Virginia, he visited Washington City, and made application to 446 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. preach in the best Methodist Church. The use of the pulpit was denied him, it is believed, because of his rough appearance ; but he finally accepted the use of one of the old church buildings. When the time came he was greeted by a great crowd, compris- ing more senators, congressmen and leading men than had ever assembled there in one church. The sermon preached was highly eulogized as a masterpiece of eloquence. Before leav- ing Virginia, Henry A. Wise was elected Governor, largely, as he thought, through the efforts of Eev. Henry Clay Dean, and it was Wise who urged Dean to become a candidate for the chaplaincy of the United States Senate, to which position he was elected almost unanimously. The great sermon he had preached in Washington, in the old church, contributed largely to this result. When the division occurred in the Methodist Church in 1844-45, Mr. Dean said it was the first step toward the dissolution of the Union, and would end in civil war ; that he would relieve himself of all responsibility, and so retired from the pulpit, and gave up preaching. Later in life he put forth herculean efforts to secure the election of Stephen A. Douglas to the Presidency. In 1868 he labored earnestly to prevent the nomination of Salmon P. Chase for the Presidency by the Democratic convention, and in the delivery of his speech against Chase, almost ruined the rose- wood table upon which he stood. The next day his attention was called to the ruin he had wrought, and he replied that the table was worth less than the Democratic party, which he believed he had saved by preventing the nomination of Mr. Chase. Mr. Dean, although urged to do so, never returned to the pulpit ; but from the beginning of the war devoted himself to the practice of law. As a criminal lawyer he had great success, res- cuing many murderers from the meshes of the law — one man after his gallows had been erected. Mr. Dean came to Putnam County in 1871, and settled on a farm located in Grant Town- ship, where he bought nearly 800 acres of land on the Chariton Eiver, and named his home " Eebel's Cove." Here, in 1876, his valuable library, containing about 4,000 volumes, many of them rare and costly, was destroyed by fire. It was very rich in history and biography, and contained about 140 bio- graphical dictionaries, which may in part account for Mr. Dean's STATE OF mSSOUKI. 447 surprisingly extensive knowledge of the history of so many fami- lies. It contained complete sets of "Niles' Eegister," "Gales & Season's Debates," The Congressional Globe, " Hamilton's Eepub- lic," and a copy of "Shay's Eebellion, "which had been theproperty of Samuel Adams. Some of Mr. Dean's manuscripts were also destroyed, among them a poem illustrating the mountain regions of Virginia, and a second volume of his " History of the Crimi- nals of the Civil War." Mr. Dean died February 6, 1887, and left a widow and seven children, six of whom live in Putnam County: J. W. Dean, born December 26, 1847; Charles C, born January 31, 1850; Henry Clay, February 5, 1852; Mary Jemima (Mrs. J. P. "Walters), July 18, 1854; George J., June 2, 1857 ; Christiana Margaret (Mrs. Stewart P. Davis, of Burton County, Mo.), December 26, 1859, and Vinnie E. Dean, March 15, 1870. One of the oldest men now living in Putnam or any other county is Charles Golliher, who came to this county from Iowa in 1855, and now lives with his step-son-in-law, John Noel, about seven miles northwest of Unionville. His precise age can not be determined, because his father's family record was burned years since in Tennessee, and because of the failure of his own memory as to the dates of important events in his life. For a number of years it has been generally understood in the county that he is nearly one hundred and twenty years old, but about this there is doubtless some mistake. While in some respects he is willing to admit he may be in error, he can not be induced to change his recollection of his parents often telling him that he was born twelve years before the promulgation of the Declaration of Independ- ence, which would be in 1764, and thus his age would now be one hundred and twenty-three. His parents were Peter and Sallie (Davis) Golliher, who at the time of his birth lived in Virginia, in which State, he says, he often saw soldiers of the Eevolutionary War, and remembers distinctly seeing them mustered in. Admit- ting this to be true, and supposing that he confuses the Declara- tion of Independence with the acknowledgment of the independ- ence of the United States, he was probably born about 1771 or 1772. After the admission of Tennessee into the Union, his father moved to Cocke County, that State, and later to Jefferson 448 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. County. In the latter county Mr. GoUiher says he was married, but, as he distinctly remembers he was married at Newport, which is the county seat of Oocke County, he must have been married in Oocke County. The maiden name of his wife was Betsy Mas- sey, by whom he had eight children, named in the order of their ages: Penelope, Enoch, Calvin, Martha, Betsy, Nellie, Margaret and Mary. Mr. GoUiher says that three of his children were born before Jackson won the battle of New Orleans, in 1815, according to which he was probably married in 1809, and he also states that he thinks he was thirty-five years old when married; but, admitting this to be correct, the year of his birth was 1774, and his age one hundred and thirteen. He says he moved to Indiana in 1826, lived there twenty-two years, during which residence he married Jane Carey, who lived five years after her marriage. In 1848 he moved to Jefferson County, Iowa, and married his present wife [nee Eachael Young) in 1850, she, however, belonging in Wapello County. In 1855 he moved to Putnam County, where he has since resided. Mr. GoUiher says he has always been a Democrat, that he voted for Jackson twice, but not at the same election. He has chewed tobacco ever since he was nine or ten years old, and " has drank enough good whisky to start the Mississippi." When he first saw, in his youth, a wagon being drawn along the road, he observed that the hind wheel was somewhat larger than the front one, and he was curious enough to follow the wagon a mile or two for the purpose of ascertaining how long it would take the large wheel to over- take and pass the smaller one; he finally abandoned the chase fully convinced that the problem was one he could not solve. OEGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY. The Creating Act. — In the history of Sullivan County, else- where in this volume, the relations of the territory now compris- ing Putnam County, to the earlier county organizations, is suffi- ciently traced up to the passage of the act organizing this county in 1845. It was approved February 28 of that year, and was in part as follows: Be it enacted, etc. That the first section of the act entitled an act to define the boundary of Putnam County, approved February 33, 1843, be and the same is hereby repealed. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 449 Section 2. The boundaries of the said County of Putnam shall be as fol- lows: Beginning at a point just three miles north of the line dividing Town- ships 63 and 64, where Chariton River crosses the northern boundary line of Adair County; thence northward in the middle of the main channel of said river to the northern boundary line of the State of Missouri; thence west with the said State boundary line to the line dividing Ranges 30 and 31; thence south to the line dividing Townships 64 and 65; thence east to the I line dividing Rangesl7and 18; thence south in the last mentioned range line three miles, to the northwest corner of Adair County; thence east to the place of beginning. Sec. 4. Robert Bronaugh, of the county of Ralls; Harrison Monday, of the county of Lewis; and John H. Rumjue, of the County of Scotland, are here- by appointed commissioners to select and locate the permanent seat of justice of said county; and the county court of said county is authorized and empowered to supply any vacancy which may occur among the commissioners by any cause whatever. Sec. 5. The said commissioners are hereby required to locate the said seat of justice at the most eligible point, having due regard to the convenience of water and timber. * Under the section of the law immediately preceding, the com- missioners located the seat of justice at Putnamville, as is more fully detailed in the proceedings of the county court. A portion of its important business was the division of the county into townships as follows: The Township Boundaries. — The boundaries of Grogan Township were defined to begin at the mouth of a branch above S. Shawver's; thence crossing the prairie in a north direction, striking the road near Francis Taylor's; thence following the road to Wells' mill; thence with the county line to the mouth of Shoal Creek ; thence up Shoal Creek to the beginning. Cochran Township began at the mouth of a branch above S. Shawver's ; thence due west to the top of said ridge, including John Shadden and Melchi Johnson ; thence with the divide sepa- rating Shoal Creek and Blackbird waters to the northern bound- ary of the State; thence east with the State boundary line to the Chariton Eiver ; thence with the river to Wells' mill ; thence south- erly with the line of Grogan Township to the beginning. Elm Township began at Myers' mill, on Shoal Creek ; thence southerly up the county road to the dwelling of Jefferson John- son, leaving said place on the west; thence with a path to Henry Guffey's old place, leaving said place on the west side; thence with the road leading to Morris Atkins,' on the South Blackbird, 450 HISTORY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. leaving said Atkins on tlie west side, crossing said creek soutli- erly, leaving George Ledford's on tlie west, to the soutli line of the county; thence easterly with the county line to the Chariton River; thence northerly with said river to the mouth of Shoal Creek; thence with said creek to the beginning. Eichland Township began at Myers' mill; thence with Elm Township line southerly to the county line ; thence westerly with the county line to the top of the divide dividing Blackbird and Locust waters ; thence with said divide northerly to the Cochran Township line; thence with the said Cochran Township line to the corner ^f Cochran Township, on Shoal Creek, to the beginning. Locust Township began at the southwest corner of Richland Township; thence westwardly with the county line to the south- west corner of the county; thence northerly with the county line to the northwest corner of the county; thence eastwardly with the State boundary line to the northwest corner of Cochran Town- ship; thence with Cochran Township line southwardly to where it strikes Richland Township line; thence southwardly with Eich- land Township line to the beginning. Justices of the peace were then appointed for each township as follows: Locust Township — William Vanderpool, Jesse Fowler and Benjamin Helmick; Grogan Township — William S. Thatcher, Samuel Smith, Clifford L. Summers and Joseph G. Pollard; Cochran Township — Richard Humphreys, JohnW. Rice, Melchi Johnson and Christopher Miller ; Elm Township — Hiram Sum- mers, John Upton and George Bridgef armer ; Richland Town- ship — George Ledford, Miles Beard, Lilburn P. Smith and Wes- ley G. Orabtree. Districting justices were appointed as follows: Cochran Township, Richard Humphreys; Elm Township, George Bridgef armer ; Richland Township, George Ledford. At the special session of the county court commencing May, 13, 1845, Stephen Reynolds was appointed justice of the peace for Locust Township, and James M. Brasfield for Elm. At the next special term of the court, held June 16, road districts were laid out, and overseers appointed as follows: The road from Myers' mill to Isaac Gilstrap's old place was to belong to Rich- land Township. District No. 1, Division No. 1, commenced at STATE OF MISSOURI. 451 the township line between Locust and Eichland Townships, and ran thence eastwardly to the North Blackbird— ^Joseph Williams, overseer; District No. 1, Division No. 2, commenced at North Blackbird, and ran thence to Isaac Gilstrap's old place — Joseph W. Howe, overseer; District No. 2, Division No. 1, commenced at Isaac Gilstrap's old place, and ran thence westwardly to "Wes- ley G. Orabtree's — Jefferson Johnson, overseer; District No. 2, Division No. 2, commenced at Wesley G. Orabtree's, and ran westwardly to the division line between the townships of Locust and Bichland — Bobert Smith, overseer; District No. 3, Division No. 3, commenced at Myers' house, and ran westerly to John Johnson's — Jacob Myers, overseer; District No. 1, Elm Town- ship, commenced on the State road at the township line at Isaac Gilstrap's old place, and ran thence easterly to John Triplett's — Thomas Abel, overseer; District No. 2, Elm Township, com- menced on the State road at John Triplett's, and ran thence east- wardly to the Chariton — Alfred Bruce, overseer; District No. 4, Elm Township, commenced on the State road, near James Mul- lenix's house, and ran thence one mile south of Wade H. Kerby's to Ely's mill — Wade H. Kerby, overseer; District No. 3, Elm Township, commenced on the State road, near Bruoe's, and ran thence easterly to Lesley's Ford — Samuel West, overseer; Dis- trict No. 5 commenced one mile south of Wade H. Kerby's, and ran toward Ely's mill to the county line — Theophilus Shaw, overseer; District No. 1, Division No. 1, Locust Township, com- menced at the township line, dividing Locust and Eichland Townships, and ran thence westwardly to West Locust — Allen Hardin, overseer; District No. 1, Division No. 2, Locust Town- ship, commenced at West Locust, and ran thence west to the county line — James Dunn, overseer ; District No. 2, Division No. 2, commenced at the township line dividing Cochran and Locust Townships, and ran thence westwardly to John J. Morgan's — John J. Morgan, overseer; District No. 3, Division No. 2, Locust Township, commenced at John J. Morgan's, and ran thence west- wardly to the county line — Jesse Fowler, overseer ; District No. 2, Division No. 2, Locust Township, commenced at John J. Mor- gan's, and ran thence southwardly to the ford on Locust Creek — Thomas Hardin, overseer; and the road leading from Locust 452 HISTOEY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. ford to the south line of the county was in charge of Abijah Walls. February 3, 1846, a new township was laid off, and called Liberty, bounded as follows : Commencing where the State road crosses the Chariton ; thence west with Said road to North Black- bird; thence up said creek to the forks thereof; thence due north to the Cochran Township line ; thence east with said line to Turk- ey Creek; thence down said creek to the Chariton River, and thence down said river to the place of beginning. It was then ordered by the county court that the original order establishing Grogan Township be rescinded, and the rest of Grogan Township not included in Liberty Township be included in Elm Township. Shoal Creek Township was established February 19, 1847, with boundaries as follows : beginning at a point on the northern boundary line of the State, where the range line dividing Eanges 17 and 18 crosses said line; thence west with this line known as the Brown line, to the middle of Eange 19 ; thence south in the middle of Eange 19 to the middle of Township 66; thence east in the middle of Township 66, to the range line dividing Eanges 17 and 18 ; thence north with said line to the place of beginning. April 20, 1847, a new township was laid off, and named Medi- cine Township, bounded as follows: beginning at the southwest corner of Putnam County ; thence north with the east line of Mer- cer County to the northern boundary of the State of Missouri ; thence east with said line to the line dividing Eanges 20 and 21 ; thence south with said line to the Sullivan County line; and thence west to the place of beginning. For justices of the peace of Shoal Creek Township, Christo- pher Miller, William Cavanaugh, George Emrick and William Vanderpool were appointed, and for Medicine Township, Aaron Stout, James Valentine and William Shanklin. William Van- derpool was appointed districting justice for Shoal Creek, and Aaron Stout for Medicine. May 1, 1848, Shoal Creek Township was so altered as to have the following boundaries: beginning at the point where the range line dividing Eanges 17 and 18 crosses Shoal Creek, near T. Wright's; thence down Shoal Creek to where the section line STATE OF MISSOURI. 453 dividing Sections 16 and 21 crosses the same; thence west with said section line to the original corner of Shoal Creek Township ; the territory so defined to be attached to Shoal Creek Township. November 13, 1848, a new township, named Cass, was taken from Shoal Creek, and bounded as follows: beginning where Cochran Township line crosses the Mormon trace ; running thence west with said trace to Dodge County line ; thenqe north with said Dodge County line to Brown's line; thence east with Brown's line to Cochran Township line, and thence south to the place of beginning. February 8, 1853, it was ordered by the county court that the line between Liberty and Elm Townships be so changed as to include Section 8, Township 65, Range 17, in Liberty Town- ship, and on June 17, 1853, the name of Liberty Township in that portion of Putnam County formerly Dodge County, was changed to Morgan Township. On November 3, 1853, the town- ship line of Liberty Township was so changed as to include the north half of Section 9, Township 65, Eange 17. June 14, 1854, the municipal townships of the county were so changed as to be bounded as follows : Elm Township began at a point three miles north of the line dividing Townships 63 and 64, where the Chariton Eiver crosses the northern line of Adair County ; thence up said river in the middle of the main channel to where the township line dividing Townships 65 and 66 crosses the Chariton Kiver; thence west to the range line dividing Ranges 17 and 18; thence south with said line to the southern boundary of the county, and thence due east to the place of beginning. Liberty Township began in the middle of the main channel of the Chariton Eiver, where the township line dividing Town- ships 65 and 66 crosses the same, thence up said river, in the middle of the main channel thereof, to where the northern boundary line "of Missouri crosses the river; thence west with said boundary line of Missouri to where the range line dividing Ranges 17 and 18 crosses the said northern boundary line; thence south with said range line to the line dividing Townships 65 and 66; and thence east with said township line to the place of beginning. 454 HISTOEY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. Eichland Township began at the southeast corner of Township 65, Eange 18 ; thence north with the range line between Eanges 17 and 18 to the northern boundary line of the 'State; thence west to the range line between Ranges 18 and 19 ; thence south to the southern boundary of Putnam County, and thence due east with said line to the beginning. Union Township began at the southeast corner of Township 65, Eange 19 ; thence north with the range line between Eanges 18 and 19, to the northern boundary of the State ; thence west with said line to the range line between Eanges 19 and 20 ; thence south with said range line to the southern boundary of the county, and thence east to the beginning. Locust Township began at the southeast corner of Township 65, Eange 20 ; thence north with the range line between Eanges 19 and 20, to the northern boundary of the State; thence west with said northern boundary of the State to the range line between Eanges 20 and 21 ; thence south with said line to the southern boundary of the county, and thence east to the beginning. Medicine Township began at the southeast corner of Town- ship 65, Eange 21 ; thence north with the line between Eanges 20 and 21, to the northern boundary of the State; thence west with said line to the center of Eange 22 ; thence south with the eastern boundary of Mercer County to the southern boundary of Putnam County, thence east to the place of beginning. May 8, 1856 a new township was formed out of Medicine Township, and named York. It was bounded as follows : On the north by the State line, east by the range line between Eanges 20 and 21, south by the line dividing Townships 65 and 66, and west by the line between Putnam and Mercer counties. The name of Breckenridge Township was changed to Sherman, March 21, 1865. On March 19, 1867, it was ordered by the county court that the municipal township known as Eichland be divided as follows : All that part of said township embracing Congressional Town- ship 65, Eange 18, to constitute and compose one municipal township, to be known as Eichland Township, and that all of Congressional Township No. 66, and fractional Township 67, STATE OP MISSOUKI. 455 Bange 18, should form a new townsMp, and be known as Lincoln Township. On the same day it was also ordered by the court that the municipal township known at Liberty Township should be divided as follows: All that portion of Liberty Township included or embraced in Congressional No. 66, and fractional Township 67, Range 17, should constitute one municipal township to be known as Liberty Township, and all that portion of Congressional Township 66, and fractional Township 67, Bange 16, lying west of the Chariton Eiver, to constitute a new township to be known as Grant. "With one slight exception, the present boundaries of the municipal townships in the county were settled as they are at present, February 4, 1873. On that day they were defined as follows : Elm Township to contain Congressional Township 65, Bange 17, and all that part of Township 64, Bange 16, of Township 65, Bange 16, and of Township 64, Bange 17, as lie in Putnam County; the first meeting of the inhabitants to be at Martins- town on the first Tuesday of April, 1873. Grant Township to contain Congressional Township 66, Bange 16, and that part of Township 67, Bange 16, lying in Putnam County, the first meeting to be at the Franklin school- house, same day as above. Liberty Township to contain Congressional Township 66, Bange 17, and that part of Township 67, Bange 17, lying in Putnam County, first meeting at Omaha. Lincoln Township to contain Township 66, Bange 18, and that part of Township 67, Bange 18, lying in Putnam Countv, first meeting at Stringtown school-house. Bichland Township to contain Township 65, Bange 18, first meeting at Anders' school-house. Union Township to contain Township 66, Bange 19, and that part of Township 67, Bange 19, lying in Putnam County, first meeting at the court-house in Unionville. Wilson Township to contain Township 65, Bange 19, the first meeting at Keep's school-house. Jackson Township to contain Township 65, Bange 20, and 456 HISTOBY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. the southern tier of Sections 31 to 36 inclusive, of Township 66, Range 20 ; first meeting to be at Dickson's mills. Sherman Township to contain Township 66, Eange 20, ex- cept as above, and that part of Township 67, Eange 20, lying in Putnam County, first meeting to be at St. John. York Township to contain Township 66, Eange 21, and all that part of Township 67, Eange 21, lying in Putnam County; also the east haK of Township 66, Eange 22, and that portion of Township 67, Eange 22, lying in Putnam County, first meeting to be at Wyreka. Medicine Township to contain Township 65, Eange 21, and the east half of Township 65, Eange 22 ; the first meeting to be at Johnson's school-house. Catalogue of County Officers. — Following is a list of the county officers of Putnam County from the organization to the present time: Sheriffs — Burnet M. Henderson, 1845-48; Christopher Miller, 1848-52; Hamilton Davis, 1852-56; Joseph Williams, 1856-60; N. P. Applegate, 1860-64; James Spencer, 1864-68; N. P. Applegate, 1868-72; John A. Helferstine, 1872-76; G. W. Porter, 1876-78; C. Bird Guffey, 1878-80; G. W. Stille, 1880-84; S. H. Newell, 1884-86; G. N. Jordan, 1886. Clerks of the county court — John McMillan, 1845 ; Clifford L. Summers, 1847; "Washington P. Lobban, 1847-49; H. P. Bray, 1850-53; A. H. Weatherford, 1853-54; David N. Thatcher, 1854-58; H. D. Marshall, 1860-70; A. C. Boner, 1870-72; E. M. Brasfield, 1872-74: Z. T. Brawford, 1874-82; A. J. Will- iams, 1882. Clerks of the circuit court — John McMillan, 1845 ; Clifford L. Summers, 1847; Washington P. Lobban, 1847-50; H. P. Bray, 1850-53; A. H. Weatherford, 1853-54; David N. Thatcher, 1854-58; W. A. Shelton, 1860-66; Milton Cauby, 1866-74; E. F. Little, 1874-78; Peter Greggers, 1882-86; Dade Johnson, 1886. Circuit and prosecuting attorneys — Westley Halliburton, 1845—; Smith A. John, 1862—; J. C. Griffin, 1862-64; E. F. Esteb, 1864-65; C. M. Wright, 1865-68; Fred Hyde, 1868-78, then prosecuting attorney, 1873-74; G. W. Barnet, STATE OF MISSOURI. 457 1874^80; Thomas Berry, 1880-82; A. J. Hoskinson, 1882—; Fred Hyde, in 1886, and upon his death, September 25, 1887, J. H. Carroll was appointed by the Governor. Treasurers — David Eckles, 1849; Jeremiah Brower, 1849-50; A. H. Weatherford, 1850-53; David N. Thatcher, 1853-55; J. S. C. Valentine, 1855-59; John Jordan, 1859-61; Allen Cook, 1870—; James M. Comstock, 1873-78; Dade Johnson, 1879 -82; John F. Guffey, 1882-86; Frank A. Burns, 1886. Assessors — -Christopher Miller, 1847; John L. Upton, 1848-50. Mr. Upton in 1850 listed 288 names, and was paid therefor, $36 — one-half by the State, and one-half by the county. T. P. Haynes, 1851, listed 297 names at 12^ cents per name, which came to $37.12|; Augustus Damrel, 1852, listed 295, at 12^ cents, which came to $36.87^; William Grogan, in 1854, listed 356 at 12|- cents, which came to |44.50; in 1853 he listed 587 at 12| cents, which came to $73.37^; A. L. Winchell, 1865, listed 2,480 names which came to $324, and in 1869 he made out his account as follows: For making assessment book, 7,114 names at 3 cents, $213.42; 1,000 names at 25 cents, $250; 1,000 names at 20 cents,, $200 ; 1,071 names at 15 cents, $160.65; total $824.07 ; N. S. WyckofE was assessor in 1872, and A. S. Eunyon in 1878. Coroners — J. Lavenburg, 1866; Jacob Pickenpaugh, 1868; H. H. Hounson, 1872; J. L. Tarbox, 1874; N. H. Wyckoff, 1876; Ed. E. Butler, 1878; Joseph B. Earhart, 1886. School commissioners^ — William J. Cook, appointed by the county court, November 3, 1853; A. L. Winchell, Milton Cauby, appointed by the county court, 1866 ; M. V. Loomis, elected in 1866; H. L. Phillips, 1868; C. F. Brown, elected county super- intendent, 1870; H. C. Shelton, 1872; G. W. Barnett, elected county school commissioner, 1874; John Pickering, 1876; Joseph Mills, 1880; Charles Slavens, 1882; I. S. Ware, 1884; S. M. Magee, appointed to fill out Mr. Ware's term; and J. W. Jones, 1886, present commissioner. County surveyors — L. P. Smith, 1845-68; O. C. Denslow, 1868-72; J. W. Weeks, 1872-78; L. S. McCutchen, 1878, and present incumbent. 29 458 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. THE COUETS. The County Court. — By reference to a previous page, it will be seen that Putnam County was finally organized February 28, 1845. In just two months thereafter, on April 28, the county court held its first session, and the record of its first proceedings is as follows: "In pursuance to an act of the Legislature of the State of Missouri, passed during its session of 1844-45, organiz- ing Putnam County, court met at the house of James Cochran, as specified in said act. The sheriff appeared, and produced his commission with the oath prescribed by law. Judges present: Walter Crockett and Isaac Gilstrap, Sr., who presented their commissions with the oaths prescribed by law," and it was ordered that the county court of Putnam County be opened. Court being opened, it was ordered that John McMillan be appointed clerk of the county court, and James Cochran, treas- urer. The act organizing the county provided that the county and circuit courts should be held at the house of James Cochran until the permanent seat of justice should be established, or until it should be otherwise ordered by the county court, and -that the Governor should commission three persons as justices of the county court and one person as sheriff, and that these persons should hold their offices until the next general election. Two of the justices are named above, the other, Thomas Har- graves, did not meet with the court on its first day. On this day the county was divided into five townships, elsewhere described. Jacob Willis was permitted to establish a ferry across the Chariton River, where the Mormon trace formerly crossed the same, and rates of ferriage were established by the court for him as follows : for each person crossing said river, 6 J cents ; for a man and horse, 12^ cents ; for one wagon and two horses with driver and family, 37 J cents; for a four-horse wagon and driver, 50 cents; for a led horse, 6 J cents; for a one-horse wagon, 25 cents. Mr. Willis' bond was fixed at $500, Eobert Cochran was appointed deputy clerk, the sheriff was ordered to purchase the books necessary for the clerk's office, and the sheriff and Isaac Gilstrap were each allowed $1.50 for the day's labor. STATE OF MISSOTIRI. 459 A special term of tlie court was held May 13, 1845, at the house of James Cochran, the same judges being present as before, and at this term Judge Thomas Hargraves appeared, and presented his commission. Joseph G. Pollard was appointed assessor for the year 1845, and upon adjournment the judges allowed themselves each $2 per day for their services, and the sheriff $1.50. Another special term of the court was held June 16, 1845, at which much was done toward putting the roads in shape for travel. On this day Joseph G. Pollard was appointed town com- missioner for the county and for the town of Putnamville, and it was ordered that the court-house be erected on a corner lot in the town of Putnamville. The court also ordered that the commis- sioner survey and lay off a town where the commissioners appointed by law* did find a stake, for the county seat of Put- nam County, in manner and form following : streets 50 feet wide, alleys 14 feet wide, lots 60 feet front and 120 feet deep, and four lots to be reserved in the center of the town for a public square, and a fourteen feet alley to be laid off round the town, provided that a corner lot be reserved for the public buildings, and that the commissioners lay off forty-eight lots and sell every other lot. Robert Cochran was appointed commissioner to superintend the erection of a temporary court-house. Election places or precincts were then established in the different town- ships, and judges of election appointed. Grand jurors were allowed 50 cents per day for attendance, and a poll tax was levied on each tithable, at 37^ cents, and 25 cents was levied on each $100 for county purposes. Daniel Myers then offered to furnish two rooms suitable for the purpose of holding courts, free of rent, until the court-house was built, and the court then adjourned to meet at his house, on the third Monday, 21st of July following. On this day the court convened at the house of Daniel Myers, and spent some time in changing the location of roads ; Joseph G. Pollard was allowed his bill for laying out the town of Putnamville, to be paid out of the lot fund. John McMillan was permitted to keep his books and papers at the house of Isaac Summers until further orders. On the 18th of August, Isaac Summers donated $50 toward the building of * S«e under organization of the county, Section 4. 460 HISTOET OF PUTNAM COUNTY. the court-house, to be paid when the court-house was completed, with the understanding that if the county seat should be removed from Putnam ville, the county court should refund the money. The town commissioner was then instructed not to sell any lot in the town of Putnamville for less than $5, and the rule for the sale of lots was established so as to allow a credit of six months on all sums of |10 and under; of from six to twelve months on all sums from $10 to $20, and on all* sums over $20 a credit of six, twelve and eighteen months ; good security to be required in all cases. On this same day Joseph Guffey was allowed $196.25 for building the temporary court-house, $50 to be paid by Isaac Summers, and the rest out of the lot fund. Dorton Eckles was then appointed treasurer of the county in place of James Coch- ran, " who lives too far distant from the county seat to hold the office;" and Clifford L. Summers was appointed town commis- sioner of the county of Putnam and of the town of Putnamville, in lieu of Joseph Gr. Pollard, who had failed to file a new bond after being notified that his bond was insufficient. Thomas Hen- derson was allowed $4 for carrying the absbract of the vote of Putnam County to the county seat of Sullivan County. The order made at a previous session, allowing the grand jurors 50 cents per day for their services, was then rescinded, and they were not allowed for their services. It was also ordered that the county court be not allowed for their services at that terms, and then was made the famous order with regard to the sale of lots, in Putnamville which reads as follows: Ordered that the town commissioner be authorized to purchase four gallons of whisky for the sale of lots, and that he be paid out of the lot fund. Signed by Walter Crockett. Isaac Qilstrap, Sr. Thomas Harqraves. The effect of the whisky upon the purchasers of lots has not been recorded, but it is evident that the design was to make the bidding as spirited as possible, in order to enhance the lot fund to the highest degree, for there were numerous bills and debts to pay out of that fund. A special term of the court was held September 27, 1845. It convened at the house of Daniel Myers, but adjourned imme- diately to the court-house in Putnamville. It was then ordered STATE OF MISSOUKI. 461 that the commissioner of the permanent seat of justice of Put nam County proceed to lay off a town on the most suitable ground on the northeast quarter of Section 27,, Township 66, Range 17, it being the place designated by the commissioners appointed by law to locate the permanent seat of justice of Put- nam County, and that the register and receiver of the land office for the land district, subject to entry at Fayette, Mo., be notified that the commissioners appointed by law had selected the above tract of land, and that the county court of Putnam County claimed a pre-emption to the aforesaid tract, according to th provisions of an act of Congress granting pre-emption to coun- ties of one quarter section for the location of a permanent seat of justice. A regular term of this court was held November 3, 1845, at which it was ordered that the town commissioner lay off ten additional lots on the south side of Putnamville, on the north- west corner of the southeast quarter of Section 27, Township 66, Range 17, adjoining the town. The commissioner was also or- dered to advertise and sell the remainder of the lots in Putnam- ville, with the exception of those reserved, but to sell no lots for less than $5. James Cochran was allowed |3 for the use of his house for holding court therein three times. On the 5th of No- vember, 1845, Clifford L. Summers, town commissioner, reported that he had laid off thirty-eight lots on the northeast quarter of Section 27, Township 66, Range 17. Joseph Guffey was then ordered to underpin the court-house with good and sufficient rock; and Clifford L. Summers reported to the court that, in compliance with an order of the court in October, 1845, there had been a town laid off on the southwest corner of the northeast quarter of Section 27, Township 66, Range 17, containing thirty- eight lots, all streets and alleys fifty and fourteen feet wide, respectively, and all lots 60x120 feet. February 2, 1846, Jesse M. Gilstrap was granted license to keep a dramshop in Putnamville, from that date to August 3, fol- lowing, by paying a tax to the State of |15, and of $5 to the county ; and an order was passed that merchants pay a tax of flO for State purposes, and $10 for county purposes, every six months. On the same day it was ordered that $16 out of the three 462 HISTORX OP PUTNAM COUKTY. per cent fund be appropriated for repairing a bridge across Sboal Creek, above Myers' mill, said repairs to consist of weather- boarding both sides of the bridge, with durable three-fourths inch plank, well put on, also inch slats to be fastened down from one end to the other, twelve inches apart, said slats to be three inches broad, and pinned down, Jesse M. Gilstrap to be commissioner for the repair of said bridge. CliflPord L. Summers then made a report of the sale of lots in Putnamyille as follows : On the 23d of August, 1846, lots were sold to the amount of $270.87^, and on the 5th of January, 1846, to the amount of $129. 12|- — total sum $400. Thomas J. McAfee was allowed to take out a tavern license from and after that date to the 20th of April, and a tax was imposed of $10 for the use of the State, and of $5 for the use of the county. October 19, 1846, the court consisted of G. H. Morris, Alfred Weatherford and A. S. Bryant. February 18, 1847, it was ordered by the court that the clerk be suspended, and that Clif- ford L. Summers be appointed clerk pro tern, to fill the vacancy. This order was almost immediately rescinded, as John McMillan handed in his resignation, and then Clifford L. Summers was reappointed. On the 20th of April, 1847, the county court passed an order that Alexander D. Parish, William Robertson and William Hen- derson, former justices of the county court of Schuyler County, be appointed commissioners to locate the permanent seat of jus- tice of Putnam County, those appointed by the General Assembly having failed to obey the call of Putnam County court. August 17, 1847, Walter Crockett was appointed to represent Putnam County, to lay before the county court of Schuyler County the propriety of appropriating some $200 or $300 by each county, out of the road and canal fund, to erect a bridge across the Chariton Biver at or near Hargraves' mill; and, if approved by the, court of Schuyler County, to appoint a commis- sioner to propose a plan for such bridge, and to report the proba- ble cost, and, if the plan were approved, to proceed to build the bridge. Joseph H. Conner was also appointed a commissioner to ascertain the cost of erecting a bridge across Main Locust at or near the crossing of the Mormon trace, also the cost of erecting STATE OP MISSOUEI. 463 a bridge across Main Medicine Creek, at or near Lewis ford. Thomas S. Bryan was appointed August 25, 1847, agent and attorney in fact on behalf of Putnam County, to compromise with all purchasers of lots in Putnamville, and the said agent was to giye up to every man his note, and take in lieu thereof the bonds of the county purporting to make a deed whenever the purchase money should be paid. It was also ordered by the court that " the location made by the commissioners recently appointed to locate the permanent seat of justice of this county, on the northwest, quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 18, Township 66, Range 17, and fifteen acres of the southwest quarter of the south- west quarter of Section 7, Township 66, Eange 17, containing in all fifty-five acres, shall be the permanent seat of justice of this county, and shall be known in law by the name of Calhoun; and from and after this date all courts holden for and in this county, shall be held at the court-house in the town of Calhoun." Owen Wilson was then appointed commissioner of the seat of justice of Putnam County. February 21, 1848, $75 was appropriated or the building of a bridge across the main fork of Locust Creek where the Mormon trace crosses the same, and Joseph H. Conner was appointed commissioner to build the bridge. On the 22d of February Solomon Hobbs was appointed commissioner to view and report the probable cost of building a bridge across Shoal Creek, where the county road from Hargraves' mill to Calhoun crosses the same. One hundred dollars was appropriated for building the bridge across Big Medicine at Lewis ford, and J. T. Slater was appointed commissioner to build the same according to the plans furnished by Joseph H. Conner. August 11, 1848, Owen Wilson resigned as commissioner of the seat of justice of Putnam County, and Evans Mullenix was appointed his successor. Joseph H. Conner having failed to build a bridge across Locust Creek, where the Mormon trace crosses the same, Benjamin Helmick was appointed, and $100 was appropriated for its construction, instead of $75, as hereto- fore. A. S. Bryant was ordered to go to Schuyler County and request the county court of that county to appoint a commissioner to act with a commissioner from Putnam County, to ascertain the probable cost of building a bridge across the Chariton River at 464 HISTOBY OF PUTNAM COUNT'Y. some suitable point, and for the purpose of uniting in building a bridge across the stream. August 22, 1848, the court examined the petition for the removal of the county seat from Putnamville to the center of the county, and found that 212 taxable inhabitants of the county had signed said petition, and also found that there were but 269 taxable inhabitants in the county. The prayer of the petitioners was therefore granted, and the court then appointed commissioners as follows to locate the county seat: James "Wells and William Oglesby, of Schuyler county ; Marcus Stephenson, of Adair County, and Thomas Z. Whitson and John K. Davis, of Mercer County. These commissioners were required to meet at A. S. Bryant's store, on the first Monday (2d) of October, 1848, and the sheriff was ordered to instruct the surveyor to ascertain the location of the geographical center of the county, upon the cheapest and quickest plan. In accordance with these instructions Lilburn P. Smith, the county surveyor, located the geographical center of the county, and on November 9 was allowed for his services $51.66; James H. Hughes was allowed |5 for his services as ilagman, and Thomas Z. Walton was allowed $10 for his services in assisting to locate the county seat. The next day it was ordered that an election be held on December 15 and 16, 1848, for the purpose of giving the inhabitants of the county a chance of voting for or against the place selected by the commissioners, it being on the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 12, Town- ship 66, Range 18. The justices of the county court, August, 1848, > were Walter Crockett, A. H. Weatherford and John Sumpter. A regular term of the court was held February 5, 1849, at the new county seat, which was named Winchester. On February 9, 1849, David N. Thatcher was appointed commissioner to dispose of the old court- house in Putnam ville, on the best terms at private sale. The commissioner of the county seat was instructed to immediately advertise the sale of lots in Winchester on the first Monday (2d) of April, 1849, and on the same day Solomon Hobbs, having refused to act as superintendent of the construction of the court- house at Winchester, William J. Cook was appointed in his stead. State op Missouri. 46S The next day it was ordered that the letting of the building of the court-house be divided into three classes: First — Pulling down, moving and raising the pillars three on each side; second — putting on roof, undertaking to furnish everything, gable ends included ; third — flooring, sleepers, joist and two doors ; and it was ordered that the temporary court-house be built on Lot 1, Block 6. It was then ordered that $15 be appropriated for removing and building the court-house according to the plan of the court, to be paid out of the lot fund ; that $50 be appropriated for putting in the sleep- ers, joist and floors, and two doors; that the superintendent for building the court-house proceed as soon as possible to let out the several plans, the court-house to be completed on or before the next meeting of the circuit court. The minimum price of the lots in Winchester was fixed by the court at $5, and that of lots around the public square at $25. On March 31, the plan of the town of Winchester, as presented by Benjamin Musgrove, was approved, the public square being 160 feet square, lots 40x70 feet, all streets 60 feet wide, and alleys 20 feet wide; and the minimum price of lots around the public square was reduced to $20, corner lots still remaining at $25. May 7, 1849, a regular term of the county court was com- menced at Winchester, Walter Crockett and John Sumpter pres- ent. June 23, 1849, David N. Thatcher was allowed $2 for sell- ing to Ross Asbell the old court-house in Putnamville. The county court clerk was ordered, June 23, to the several offices of which he had the management in the house known as Bryant's store, until a more suitable place could be provided, more conven- ient to the place of holding courts. July 16, 1849, G. W. E. Ledford and Eobert Cochran were appointed commissioners to act with Jahrel Parks, commissioner from Schuyler County, to view the Chariton Eiver, and to ascertain the most suitable place for building a bridge across the same, the commissioners to meet at Hargraves' mill, August 1, 1849 ; and it was also ordered that if the said commissioners should agree in selecting a location for said bridge across the Chariton, the court of Putnam County would agree with the county court of Schuyler County to appoint Jahrel Parks commissioner to build the bridge, provided the Schuyler County court would 466 HISTOKt 01* PUTNAM COUNTY. agree to appropriate $1,000 toward the building of the same, Putnam County also to appropriate the same amount. "When the court met in September, 1849, it was composed of Walter Crockett, G. W. E. Ledford and John Sumpter. March 11, 1851, the court was composed of John Sumpter, G. W. B,. Ledford and Thomas G. Stanberry. May 6, 1851, an election was ordered for June 14, to Yote for and against the new location of the county seat. June 18, 1851, A. H. Weatherford, Preston Mul- lenix, Isaac Summers, Isham Fletcher and William Taylor, by their attorneys, filed their motion to stop all proceedings in rela- tion to moving the county seat of Putnam County, which motion was overruled by the court, and then the court ordered that the county seat of Putnam County be permanently located on the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of Section 5, Town- ship 65, Range 17, and that the said county seat be called by the name of Fairplay. David N. Thatcher was then appointed town commissioner of the town of Fairplay, his bond being fixed at $2,000. The commissioner of the town of Fairplay, the county seat of Putnam County, was ordered to lay off said town after the plan of the town of Winchester, with such alterations as he thought the location would admit of, and to advertise the sale of lots for July 7, 1851, corner lots to be sold for not less than $20, other front lots for not less than $15, and back lots for not less than $5. June 19, 1851, the town commissioner was ordered to advertise the sale of lots in Fairplay in. at least one public place in each township in the county. July 7, 1851, the county court met at the school-house in Fairplay, the court consisting of John Sumpter, Thomas G. Stan- berry and George W. K. Ledford. At this meeting of the court the name of the county seat, Fairplay, was changed to Hartford, and the court adjourned to meet at John J. Brasfield's house. July 8, 1851, the county court made a report as follows as to the amounts received into the internal improvement fund: 1846, $181.95; 1847, $150.50; 1848, $315; 1849, $626.95; 1850, $599.50; 1851, $751. The following amounts had been received into the road and canal fund: 1845, $189.70; 1849, $335; 1851, $161.50. July 21, 1851, William Bertram was allowed his account for lay- ing out the town of Hartford — three days' work, $3, and Hardin Sl'ATE OF MISSOURI. 467 Morgan and L. Hopkins were each allowed $2 for two days' work. August 6, 1851, T. W. Payton, of Schuyler County, and David N. Thatcher, of Putnam County, as bridge commissioners, made a report of the location and plan of a bridge across the Great Char- iton River. One thousand dollars was appropriated by Putnam County, out of the road and canal fund or out of the internal im- provement fund, and the two commissioners proceeded to let out the building of the bridge, which was to be completed by Septem- ber 1, 1852, and to be kept in repair four years after completion. On August 8, 1851, the town commissioner of Hartford was ordered to sell all the unsold lots in said town, except Lot No. 7, Block 2, on the first Monday (1st) of September, 1851, and on this last named day it was ordered that the purchase money for fifty lots of land sold by John J. Brasfield to the county of Putnam, for the location of the county seat, $77.50, be paid the said Brasfield out of the proceeds of the sale of lots of the said county seat. A regular term of the county court began November 3, 1851, at the town of Fairplay, at which it was ordered that the circuit court be notified of the change of the county seat from Winches- ter to Fairplay ; and that convenient buildings for the holding of the court could not be had in the new seat of justice, and the commissioner of the town of Fairplay was ordered to change the word "Hartford" to the word "Fairplay" in all the certificates of those who purchased lots in Fairplay. March 22, 1853, Richard Humphreys was appointed agent for Putnam County to draw the funds which were appropriated to Dodge County by the auditor and State treasurer for 1853, and also Dodge County's portion of the internal improvement fund. May 3, 1853, upon the examination of the petition for the removal of the county seat from the town of Fairplay to the geographical center of the county, as ascertained by congres- sional survey, it was found that three-fifths of the taxable inhab- itants of the county had petitioned for the removal, and, in accordance with said .petition, it was ordered that Henry Stubley and Ed Morelock, of Adair County; Isaac J. Cash, of Mercer County ; Judge Lamb and Harvey Ford, of Schuyler County, be appointed commissioners to locate the county seat of Putnam County, and that they meet for that purpose on the second Friday 468 HiSTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. (8th) of July, 1853, at the house of HoUiday McCoUom. No- vember 3, 1853, an election was ordered to be held on December 17 (Saturday) following, for the new location of the county seat, which the commission above named had chosen — the north part of the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 35, Town- ship 66, Bange 19. The vote cast at that time was cast up by the county court on December 23, and it was found that at the election a majority of the votes had been made in favor of the new location, and it was hence ordered, " That the permanent seat of justice for the county of Putnam be established permanently upon the north part of the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 35, Township 66, Range 19, where the commissioners located the same on the 8th of July, 1853, and called Harmony." This order was carried out. The permanent seat of justice of Putnam County had, previous to this time, been but temporarily located. Thomas Caul was appointed commissioner of Harmony, the county seat, and he was ordered to advertise the sale of lots, $25 to be the minimum price for corner lots, $20 for other lots, and $8 for back lots. A session of the county court was begun February 6, 1854, at the town of Fairplay, and on the 7th David N. Thatcher was appointed commissioner to superintend the building of a court-house at the new county seat, and to have the same completed by the first of August. The court-house was to be built on Lot 5, Block 6, and $250 was appropriated for the building of the same. It was to be a two-story log house, 18x24 feet, with a brick chimney at one end; two fireplaces, upper and lower; two rooms above, divided by a plank "petition," ceiled or lathed and plastered overhead; four windows, two below (one in the side and one in the end), two above (one in each end), the windows to be twelve-light windows, 10x12; the foundation to be of stone above the surface of the earth, one foot wide, and the house was to be raftered, and covered with shingles. The first county court began at Harmony, May 1, 1854; present the Hon. John Sumpter, G. W. B. Ledford and Thomas G. Stanberry. June 13, 1854, the commissioner of the county seat was authorized and required to convey the southwest quar- ter of the northeast quarter of Section 5, Township 65, Bange 17, in fee simple, it being the former county seat of Putnam STATE OF MISSOUBI. 469 County, to John J. Brasfield, and to make him a good warranty- deed to the same, on the part of the county, except one lot which was sold to H. P. Bray and Jesse Edwards, by said Bras- field. On the 10th of July, 1854, A. H. Weatherford was ap- pointed commissioner to sell the old county seat at Winchester, with the old court-house thereon located, at private sale, for not less than $150, the money to be devoted to buying books, seats and other furniture for the clerk's office. The next meeting of the county court was at Harmony on the 5th of February, 1855, the court being composed of Joseph Steel, Moses Bradshaw and John W. Shelton, and the first meeting at that place after the name was changed to Unionville was Feb- ruary 26, 1855. On the 8th of May following, the land in Put- namville donated by David Myers to the county for the purpose of locating thereon the county seat, was re-conveyed to him, and on May 9, Thomas Caul resigned his position as commissioner of the county seat. February 6, 1856, a jail was ordered to be built in Unionville on the southeast corner of the public square, and E. I. Npggle was appointed to superintend the building of the same, for which $1,000 was appropriated. On the 9th of July, 1856, the plan for the jail presented by B. C. Bradshaw was approved, and Mr. Bradshaw was authorized to advertise for sealed bids for the building of the same at Unionville, Hartford and St. John, in Putnam County, and at Princeton, Milan, Kirksville, Lancaster and Canton, bids to be received until the 15th of August. On May 12, 1857, an order was adopted by the court that there be erected in the town of Unionville, in the center of the public square, a court-house, and that the county of Putnam borrow $10,000 for the purpose of erecting it. Smith A. John was appointed to superintend the erection of the building. Plans were submitted on the same day, and the building was to be completed by October 1, 1858. November 6, 1857, David Kaup was paid in part for building the jail, and on the next day a warrant was issued to him for $1,000, balance still due for building the jail in Unionville. On November 20 he was authorized to line the lower room above and beneath, as the walls were to be lined with sheet iron, so as 470 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. to prevent it being set on fire. On December 23, 1858, Smith A. John reported to the court that the contractors had completed the court-house according to contract, with some exceptions, and a bill for extra work was presented amounting to |1, 227.73, of which the court allowed $1,175. The cost of the court-house was, therefore, $11,175, and in February, 1859, D. N. Thatcher was appointed to have Block 5, in Unionville, on which the court-house stands, enclosed, and it was ordered that the public square be 1,240 feet square. The county court in November, 1860, was composed of Alfred Williams, W. W. Morrow and John Wyckoff, and in the fall of 1861 it was composed of William F. Busby, William Lane and Isaac F. Busby. When the court convened in December, 1862, it was composed of William Lane and William Shearer, who appear to have been the only members of the court who were present at any of the sessions during 1868 and 1864. In August, 1865, William Shearer, Samuel Leech and John WyckofP consti- tuted the court, and in August, 1866, it was composed' of William Shearer, John Wyckoff and Isaac Drury, and in 1866 it was Thomas Pollock, Charles T. Triplett and William H. Neighbors. In 1868 the court wa-s composed of Charles T. Triplett, Thomas Pollock and Neal Martin; in 1869 and 1870, the same. In 1871, it was composed of Thomas Pollock, Neal Martin and William. Shearer. In 1872 the members of the court were Thomas Pol- lock, Neal Martin and William Shearer, and in the early part of 1873, Neal Martin, William Shearer and McCoUey Eowan. On June 10, 1873, an election was held for the election of judges of the county court, under the law, which had been approved, provid- ing for the election of a judge at large and four other judges, one for each district into which the county was divided. At this election John Wyckoff, candidate for judge at large, received 636 votes; in District No. 1, L. P. Smith received 114 votes; in District No. 2, H. B. Keene received 47 ; in District No. 3, Ames R. Cowan received 165, and in District No. 4, William Johnson received 147. The judges, upon convening July 21, 1873, pro- ceeded to draw for their respective terms of office: L. P. Smith drew for one year ; H. B. Keene, for two ; James R. Cowan, for STATE OP MI8S0UKI. 471 three; and William Johnson, for four. April 19, 1875, the mem- bers of the court were John Wyckoff, L. P. Smith, 0. Bird Guf- fey, J. E. Cowan and William Johnson. In May, 1877, the court consisted of J. E. Cowan, L. P. Smith, C. Bird Guffey, Will- iam A. Ellis and Milton Cauby. In 1877 the constitution of the county court was changed by an act of the Legislature, of which the following language constitutes a part: "The county court shall be composed of three members, to be styled judges of the county court, and each county shall be districted by the county court thereof into two districts of contiguous territory, as nearly equal in population as practicable without dividing municipal townships." The first court elected under this law were C. Bird Guffey, of Eichland Township ; William E. Berry, of Liberty ; and E. M. Gregory, of Medicine ; the retiring judges were Milton Cauby, William A. Ellis, L. P. Smith and J. B. Cowan, C. Bird Guffey, of the old court, having been re-elected. At the August term, 1878, the same three gentlemen, all Democrats, composed the county court. At the March term, 1879, the court consisted of E. T. Christian, Jefferson Davis and William A. Ellis, also at the March term of 1880. At the August term, 1880, it was com- posed of E. T. Christian, William A. Ellis and M. A. Hargraves. In February, 1881, the members of the court were E. T. Chris- tian, William Terrell and H. B. Powers, and in January, 1883, Thomas B. Neff, Lafayette Torrey, and Lester Husted. In August, 1884, the members of the court were the same as those last named, and in August, 1885, they were Thomas B. Neff, L. Tor- rey and Benjamin F. Hart, and the members of the court at the August term, 1887, were James B. Harper, Benjamin Thompson and W. H. Holman. The Circuit Court. — The first term of this court began at Putnamville, " in the year of our Lord, 1845," September 16. There were present the Hon. James A. Clark, judge; John Mc- Millan, clerk, and Burnet M. Henderson, sheriff. The sheriff returned on the " venire," the following named gentlemen as grand jurors: Samuel Smith, foreman; John Corneilison, Eichard West, Abraham Morris, Jacob Young, John Dillon, Benjamin Musgrove, Wesley J. Crabtree, Morris B. Atkins, John L. Upton, Lewis Scobee, Asa Fisk and Eichard Humphreys, " who being 472 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. duly sworn, received their charge from the court, and retired to consider of their presentments." The court then ordered that the following gentlemen be enrolled as attorneys : Westley Halli- burton, C. Oxly, John B. Clark, M. B. Witter, James Carson, William Y. Slack, G. M. Hubbell, M. E. C. Pattison, S. C. Shrop- shire, A. McKenney, Joseph Combs, M. H. Simonds, C. Board- man, L. M. TruUock, Joseph Wilson, S. G. Watkins, A. L. Gilstrap, Thomas G. Sharp, F. D. Willard and I. N. Brown. The first cause to come before Judge Clark at Putnam- ville, was that of the State of Missouri vs. James Trewitt, for murder, which by mutual consent of the parties was continued to the next term of the court, and the defendant gave bail in the sum of lljOOO, with James GufEey, John W. Cason, Joshua GufEey, William Lawrence, John J. Brasfield, Garrett Hall, Moses Atkins and Thomas Button as securities. The second cause before this court was that of the State of Missouri vs. Richard Guffey, assault with intent to kill, which was continued until the next term of the court, the defendant giving bail in the sum of $500, and the third case was that of the State of Missouri vs. Garrett Hall — assault with intent to kill, likewise continued until the next term of court, defendant giving bail in the sum of $500. Court then adjourned until the next day. September 17, the case of William Carrington vs. Spencer Grogan came on for trial, and the plaintiff was given leave to file an amended declaration on or before the first day of the next term of the court. Then came A. L. Gilstrap vs. Isaac Lowe, petition in debt, and the defendant filed his demurrer to the plaintiff 's petition, but by leave of the court withdrew the same and filed his plea of " Neldvit." Issue being joined, both parties being ready for trial, and neither requiring a jury, the cause was submitted to the court, whereupon the court found for the plaint- iff in the sum of $17.61 debt, and $11.98 damages and costs. Thus this was the first decision by the circuit court in Putnam county. The grand jury then returned into court, and, there being no particular business before them, they were discharged, and court adjourned until court in course. The next term commenced April 23, 1846, with the same E . N. Monroe PUTNAM COUNTY. STATE OF MISSOUBI. 473 jiidge, clerk and sheriff. The latter returned the following names as grand jurors: Clifford L. Summers, William Lowe, Daniel B. Savage, William Cochran, J. G. Pollard, James MuUenix, John W. Rice, Isaac Gilstrap, James Cochran, Francis Taylor, Philip Upton, William Summers, Thomas Wood, Joseph Cain, Fred. A. Stevens and William Beebee. A special venire was issued for thirty-six men, as a jury, to try the case of the State of Missouri vs. James Trewhitt, the venire returnable April 25. Then came on an appeal case from the justice court of James M. Brasfield, Carrington & Co. vs. Spencer Grogan, which was continued. John Myers and Samuel G. Fox were then enrolled as attorneys of the court. An assumpsit case was next — ^that of Robert Stanley, administrator, vs. Yates & Perkins, in which the plaint- iff was nonsuited by reason of non-appearance, and the costs assessed against him. The judge then decided in the case of Jacob Meyers vs. Isaac Lowe, that the plaintiff receive $2 and costs. James Conklin vs. William and Nancy Ripley — trespass on the case — was next, and, the plaintiff failing to appear, was nonsuited, and the costs were assessed against him. On April 25, in the State of Missouri vs. William Leville, in which the plea was "not guilty," and trial by the following jury: Michael Minix, James Guffey, Hardin Morgan, William Matney, Bartlett Atkins, James Fair, Scott B. Wright, Joseph Morgan, Morris Atkins, John Rutliff, Jesse Gilstrap, Jr., and Hamilton Macgill, the verdict was: " We the jury find the defendant guilty, and fix his punishment at two months in the county jail, and to pay a fine of |5." This was the first jury verdict. On Monday, April 27, 1846, James Trewhitt appeared to enter into recognizance in the sum of $1,000; and Alexander Shawver filed his petition for a writ of ad quod damnum, to be executed on the first Saturday (5th) of September. This court next convened April 23, 1847, at Putnamville, the same judge, sheriff and clerk being present, and on the motion of the circuit attorney, Casper W. Bell, B. F. Tarr and Isaac N. Ebey were enrolled as attorneys. On April 28, the case of the State of Mis- souri vs. James Trewhitt came on for final trial before the follow- ing jury: Absalom Grogan, Zachariah Petty, Fontleroy Young, John B. Epperson, John L. Boggs, Thomas L. Bryan, Sharp 474 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Kerby, William F. Gains, Eobert B. Cochran, John Grogan, Jona- than N. Ewing and John Roberts. The next day they came into court with a verdict of " not guilty," after which the sheriff was allowed $48.65 for his services at the September term of the court, 1845, for the April and September terms, 1846, and for the April term, 1847. On October 22, 1847, court again met at the court-house in Putnamville ; present the same judge, sheriff and clerk. On this day, in the case of the State vs. Matthias Cain, a special venire of thirty-six good and lawful men was summoned, the result of the trial being a verdict of not guilty. October 27, several indict- ments were found for betting at cards, most of which were con- tinued. April 21, 1848, court met and adjourned until the third Monday (19) of June, upon which day several indictments were found against individuals for " disturbing the peace of a family at night." Several of those indicted for betting at cards plead guilty and were fined $10, and Enoch Williams was found guilty of disturbing the peace of a family at night, and was fined $7.55. The first suit for divorce brought in this court was on October 19, 1848, and was entitled Amanda Green vs. Abraham Green. On the same day Alexander Shawver's petition for a writ of ad quod damnum was continued, and A. Burroughs petitioned for the same kind of a writ, in which latter case it was ordered that a writ issue to be executed on November 3, and to be returnable at the next term of the court. April 20, 1849, court was held at Winchester, same judge; Isaac Loe was indicted for manslaughter, and bound over in the sum of $2,000 to the next term of court; A. Shawver's petition for a writ of ad quod damnum was dis- missed, as was also that of A. Burroughs. November 30, court met again at Winchester ; several of the indictments for betting at cards brought over were nolle prosequied, and quite a number of civil actions were brought into court. April 30, 1850, court met again at Winchester, and B. F. Stringfellow was enrolled as attor- ney-at-law in chancery. Isaac Loe filed his affidavit that he could not safely come into court for trial for want of the evidence of Wade H. Kerby and Thomas Button, that he had used due diligence to procure their evidence, and that they were material witnesses. It was therefore ordered that his case be continued, STATE OF MIS80UEI. 475 and that he give bond in the sum of $1,000 for his appearance at the spring term of the court, 1851. Betting at cards cut a good deal of a figure at this term of the court, and upon a plea of guilty a number of different individuals were fined $10 and costs. At the November term, 1850, Thomas J. Fletcher, indicted for assault with intent to kill, gave bail in the sum of $200, and upon the trial the jury failed to agree, and the circuit attorney nolle prosequied the case. At the May term, 1851, court opened with the case, Nancy L. Crabtree vs. Miles H. Crabtree, for divorce, which was sub- mitted to the judge, who granted the divorce, allowed the plaint- iff one cent alimony, and allowed the defendant to marry again, the plaintiff to have the care of the child. Isaac Loe was found not guilty of manslaughter. Alexander Shawver again petitioned for a writ of ad quod damnum, and the court ordered that a writ issue, the sheriff to hold an inquest of damage on the 19th of May, 1851, returnable to the next term of the court. May 4, 1852, the court met at Fairplay, and there were a number of indictments for playing cards on Sunday, betting at cards, keeping dramshop without license, etc. ; and the October term, 1853, was engaged upon several of the same classes of crimes. The April term, 1855, was held at Unionville. Betting at cards, arson in the second degree, forgery, dealing as a peddler without license, petit larceny, keeping dramshop without license, cruelly torturing a cow, etc., occupied the attention of the court. In April, 1856, James A. Clark, judge of the eleventh judicial circuit, presided. Several indictments for gaming, and "permitting gaming in his house," were brought. Ferdinand Smith, formerly a citizen of Hanover, and Daniel Matherson, formerly a citizen of Great Brit- ain, were admitted to citizenship, and a few cases of grand lar- ceny, burglary, and assault with intent to kill, occupied the atten- tion of the court. October 17, 1856, Benjamin Kose was indicted for permitting a slave to sell spirituous liquors, and gave bail in the sum of $100. Bigamy, slander, divorce suits, assault and battery, dealing with a slave, actions in assumpsit, civil actions for damages, appeal cases from justices of the peace, petitions for divorce, etc., were the cases before the judge; the same also in April, 1857, in 1858 and in 1859, as also in 1860. In 1861 no 476 HISTOET OF PUTNAM COUNTY. circuit court was held in Putnam County. The Hon. Jacob Smith, judge of the eleyenth judicial circuit, presided in March, 1862, and was engaged in hearing cases mainly for gambling, selling liquor without license, civil actions on accounts, notes, etc. These kind of cases engaged his attention in September, 1862, and March and September, 1863. March 21, 1864, Hon. E. A. De Bolt, judge of the eleventh judicial circuit, presided, and was during most of his terms engaged in trying similar suits. March 22, 1865, Lydia Logs- don brought suit against Nancy and John Terrell, for slander, and recovered a verdict of $550 damages and costs. Ordinary cases occupied the attention of the judge at the September term, 1867, and the March and September terms, 1868. At this term of the court Adam Eoupe and Thomas Koupe were granted permis- sion by the court, on the verdict of a jury, to erect a mill dam across the Chariton River, near the southeast corner of the southwest quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 22, Town- ship 65, Eange 16, the altitude of the dam not to exceed eight feet. Judge E. A. De Bolt continued to preside in this court until the September term, 1871. Hon. John W. Henry, judge of the twenty-seventh judicial circuit, presided at the September term, 1872. The cases tried were mainly for disturbing camp meeting, divorce suits, forfeited recognizance, petition for title, ejectment, suits on notes, felonious assault, trespass, appeals from justice courts, arson and burglary. Eunice C. Hallock was indicted for murder, and admitted to bail in the sum of $5,000. In response to a petition for a writ of ad quod damnum, Henry C. Dickson was allowed to erect a dam, the jury finding that the erection of said mill dam at the place selected would not by reason of inundation damage any propri- etor; that no mission house, no outhouse, curtilage or garden would be overflowed by reason of the erection of said dam, that no form of navigation whatever would be obstructed, nor would the passage of fish be impeded except in time of low water, and that the health of the neighborhood would not be materially affected ; and it was therefore ordered by the court that H. C. Dickson be permitted to erect a dam across Locust Creek, where said creek passes through the northeast quarter of the southeast STATE OF MIS80UEI. 477 quarter of Section 20, Township 65, Eange 20. Hon. John W. Henry presided in this court at the March term, 1873 ; at the Sep- tember term, 1873, at which Eunice 0. Hallock was found not guilty; at the March term, 1874; at the September term, 1874; at the March and September terms, 1875, and at the March and September terms, 1876. Since this last term Hon. Andrew Ellison, judge of the twen- ty-seventh judicial circuit, has presided, with the exception of the March term, 1878, when Hon. Gavon D. Burgess presided at the request of Judge Ellison. A few of the most important criminal and civil cases tried in the Putnam County circuit court are the following: The State of Missouri vs. Susan Shane. Susan Shane was accused of killing Manuel Shane, her step-son, on the 20th of November, who was found buried at Mount Pleasant, Putnam County, November 24, 1868, and was supposed to have come to his death by violence. The coroner's jury's verdict, rendered upon the above named date, was " That Manuel Shane came to his death by being struck with a rod of iron in the hands of Susan Shane, together with other brutal treatment by the hands of Susan Shane, and that he came to his death at the house of Harrison Shane, in said county, and was by Harrison Shane brought to this place (Mount Pleasant) and buried." Susan Shane was arrested and her trial commenced on the third Monday (15th) of March, 1869, in the circuit court of Putnam County, before the following jury: Samuel Brice, H. H. Earhart, Jefferson Davis, J. S. C. Valentine, A. B. Houston, James Earhart, Jesse Oldaker, George C. FuUerton, John J. McClure, Henry Francis, Joseph McOlure and Kilom Abernathy, who upon the close of the trial brought in the following verdict: " We the jury find the defendant guilty of murder in the second degree, and assess her punishment at ten years in the State's prison." Fred Hyde was then circuit attorney, and prosecuted the case for the Siate, and the prisoner was defended by J. H. Shanklin and T. J. Johnson. A motion for a new trial was over- ruled by the judge, and the defendant served her term in the penitentiary. Another trial for murder in the Putnam County circuit court, 478 HISTOKT OF PUTNAM COUNTY. was that of the State of Missouri vs. George W. Stanley, brought here by change of venue from Harrison County, Mo. ; George W. Stanley was indicted for killing William Willis, an old man about fifty-three years of age, with a bowie-knife, September 9, 1871, in the county of Harrison. Upon the indictment a capias was issued November 1, 1872, and the trial was set for the fourth Monday (24th) of March, 1873. Stanley was arrested in Boone County, Mo., November 2, 1872. March 25, 1873, counsel was assigned the defendant as follows : George W. Lewis, David J. Meastor and William A. Hargis. Stanley entered a plea of " not guilty," and a change of venue was granted to Put- nam County. The trial was had in Putnam County at the March term, 1874, before the following jury: A. F. Schnelle, R. A. CuUor, Joel Bridges, James Y. Collins, Thomas Davis, Jesse Whitworth, John Millirons, Thomas B. NefE, George Admire, Levi O. Gray, Jacob Applegate and Jacob K. Ault. Upon the conclusion of the trial the jury rendered the following verdict: " We the jury find the defendant, George W. Stanley, guilty of murder in the second degree, and assess his punishment at fifteen years in the penitentiary ;" Jacob E. Ault, foreman. Sen- tence was passed by the judge in accordance with the verdict. A motion was made for a n^w trial, which was granted, and finally, at the September term, 1875, the prosecuting attorney entered a nolle prosequi in the case. Henry Clay Dean was attorney for the defense in this case. Another murder trial, to which great interest attached at the time of its occurrence, was that of the State of Missouri vs. Mar- tin L. Cullor, for the killing of William C. Deck, September 19, 1883. The shooting of William C. Deck occurred in connection with a difficulty over a line fence between the farms of the two persons. Mr. Deck died on Saturday, September 22, 1883, and a coroner's jury, composed of Perry Stalcup, Frank Crawford, J. L. Carter, Jacob Garver, F. M. Payton and Joseph B. Earhart, rendered the following verdict: "We the jury find from the evidence that William C. Deck came to his death on September 22, 1883, by a pistol shot fired by Luther Cullor, on September 19, 1883." The remains were interred in the cemetery at Lemen Station, Monday, September 24. On the 27th Cullor was taken STATE OF MISSOURI. 479 before Squire Coffman for trial, who refused bail and sent him back to jail. He was indicted by a special grand jury, refused bail by Judge Ellison, and remanded to jail. He was tried February 19 and 20, 1884, before the following jury: James Baldock, John Oomstock, James Wells, John Shumaker, Charles Howard, Charles Bex, Alexander Collins, J. N. Gillum, Benjamin Shaw, L. P. Dayis, Job Dodson and John Shipley, who rendered the following verdict: "We the jury find the defendant, Martin L. CuUor, guilty of murder in the second degree, and assess his punishment at forty years in the penitentiary, from February 21, 1884." While this sentence was regarded as just, yet a new trial was granted, which took place in June, 1885, before the follow- ing jury: Cyrus Fordyce, W. C. Little, W. D. McFarland, S. W. MuUenix, J. B. Musgrove, T. J. Allen, J. K. Stevens, B. M. Stur- geon, William Partin, Philip York, Miles MuUenix and Stockton Summers. James E. Clark and the Hon. James Berry were attor- neys for the prosecution, and Benjamin B. Dysart and Henry Clay Dean for the defense. The jury were out from Saturday, June 27, to Monday, June 29, and upon returning into court brought in the following verdict: " We the jury find the defendant guilty of murder in the second degree, and assess his punishment at ten years in the penitentiary ;" but his sentence was soon after- ward reprieved. The most important civil case ever brought in the Putnam County circuit court was the suit of the county against the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Eailway Company for taxes, a brief summary of which is here introduced. The full title of the case is: " The State of Missouri at the relation and to the use of John F. Guffey, collector of the revenue of Putnam County, Mo.) vs. the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Eailway Company." To summarize the judgment of the circuit court will sufficiently pre- sent the nature and history of the case. This judgment was ren- dered February 21, 1885, upon which day the respective parties came to trial, by their attorneys, and, waiving a jury, submitted to the decision of the judge, and the judge, " being fully advised on the whole matter, doth find for the plaintiff upon the first count in the petition the sum of $1,042.87 taxes for the year 1883, due to the several funds as follows: State tax, with penalties and 480 HISTOBT OF PUTNAM COUNTY. commission, $380.72; county tax, with penalties and commis- sion, $519.42; township tax, $142.73." On the second count the court found for the plaintiff the sum of $753.97 taxes for the year 1882, due the several funds as follows : State tax, including penalties and commissions, $402.27; county tax, includ- ing penalties and commissions, $351.70. These taxes were due on a strip of land fifty feet wide on each side of the middle track of the railroad, situate in the following sections: Sections 27, 33 and 34, in Township 67, Eange 18; Sections 4, 5, 7, 8, 18 and 19, Township 66, Eange 18 ; Sections 24, 25, 35 and 36, Township 66, Eange 19, and Sections 3, 10, 15, 16, 21, 28, 29, 30 and 31, Township 65, Eange 19 ; the entire amount of the judgment being $1,796.84. The railroad company, defeated in the circuit court, carried the case by appeal to the supreme court of the State, upon the same basis that it refused to pay its taxes in the first place, that under the law it was exempt from taxation. The supreme court of Missouri affirmed the decision of the Putnam County circuit court, upon the ground that the power of taxation is one of the attributes of sovereignty, which, under our system of government, is absolutely necessary for the maintenance of the general wel- fare, and the court stated that " under the judicial sale made by Harry Lacy, master in chancery, to Elijah Smith, trustee, evi- denced by the master's deed, dated December 13, 1880, said Smith became invested with the property described in such con- veyance, and with such rights, privileges and franchises as were a necessary incident to the proper use and enjoyment of the property purchased. Immunity from taxation was not one of them." And " the stock and property of a branch line organized under the act of 1868 is not within the letter or spirit of the exemption from taxation. To all intents and purposes the branch is an independent company." The court, in closing, after having quoted a large number of decisions bearing upon the case, used this language : " These decisions show that exemption from taxa- tion is a personal privilege to the person or corporation to which it is given, incapable of transfer unless there is express statutory authority therefor. Franchises are positive rights or privileges, without the possession of which the road of the company could STATE OF MI8S0UBI. 481 not be successfully worked. Immunity from taxation is not one of them. There is nothing in either one of these acts or the act' of 1870, which calls for a broader signification to be given to the term ' franchises,' than is given in the foregoing definition. It must follow that there was never any authority given by law to convey or assign by pledge the right to be exempt from taxa- tion, and it is therefore immaterial what words were used either in the mortgage or decree of foreclosure." The entire court concurred in this decision. The railroad company, being determined, however, to avoid, if possible, the payment of their just proportion of taxes, appealed the case to the supreme court of the United States, which affirmed the decision of the supreme court of the State of Missouri, as that had affirmed the decision of the circuit court of Putnam County. The result was that the railway company, on June 30, 1887, paid into the treasury of Putnam County, taxes as follows: For 1881, $837.44; for 1882, $1,179.91; for 1883, $1,083.57; for 1884, nothing; for 1885, $1,249.84, and for 1886, $1,032.32; a total sum of $5,383.08. Of this sum the State was entitled to $2,167.14 leaving for the county $3,215.94. Putnam County employed S. P. Huston, of St. Joseph, as attorney, paying him $200 as a retainer fee, and promising him $800 more if he should win the case. In addition to this, Mr. Huston was paid $59.50 for print- ing briefs and obtaining copies of records from the secretary of State, and W. A. Shelton was paid $25 for services in commenc- ing suit, a total of $1,084.50, and Mr. Huston was allowed $150 for additional services in the supreme court of the United States, which added to the $1,084.50 makes the total sum of $1,234.50. Of this sum the railroad company was compelled to pay $900, leaving for the county's share of the expense $334.50, which, being deducted from the $3,215.94, leaves a net amount received into the treasury of $2,881.44. The total sum paid by the railroad company, exclusive of its own attorney's fees, was the $5,383.08, together with a commission of $269.15 and the $900 already referred to, amounting to $6,552.23. The entire amount of State and county taxes the railroad company would have had to pay, had it not refused to pay any until thus compelled to do so by the supreme court of the United States and other courts, was $4,241.30. 482 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Penalties, interest, commission and fees, therefore, exclusive of its own attorney's fees, amounted to $2,310.93. The Probate Court. — This was established by an act of the Legislature entitled " an act supplementary to an act to establish a probate court in Cooper County, approved February 6, 1847," the language of which was: " There shall be a probate court in each of the counties of Sullivan, Grundy, Putnam and Gentry, etc.," and it was made the duty of the county courts to cause an election to be held in their several counties on the first Monday in August, 1849, for the purpose of electing a probate judge in each county. This act was approved March 12, 1849. "Whether an election was held on the first Monday in August in Putnam County, is not now certain; but the records show that Richard Humphreys took the oath of office as probate judge, January 1, 1851, and seems to have served until August, 1852, when H. P. Bray was elected, and served until August, 1853. At this time Thoret Rose was elected, and served until his death, which occurred about January 1, 1856. Clifford L. Summers was appointed to fill the vacancy, and served until August, 1856, when John Sump- ter succeeded him, and was himself succeeded in August, 1857, by S. A. John, who served until 1868, when he removed to Oregon. G. W. Dickson was appointed to fill the vacancy, and served until 1864, when W. P. Wells was elected, and served until 1866, when he removed to Milan, and Milton Cauby was appointed to fill the vacancy. C. M. Cornmesser was elected in November, 1866, took the office January 1, 1867, and served by re-election in 1872 to January 1, 1879. N. H. Stidger was elected in 1878, and served until May, 1879, when he removed to Kansas, and Joel Jones was appointed to serve until the general election in 1880, when "W. A. Shelton was elected to fill the unexpired term of N. H. Stidger, and was re-elected in 1882, and also in 1886. MILITARY. The Political Aspect. — Previous to the breaking out of the Civil War the votes cast at the various general elections were as follows: In 1848, for President, Zachary Taylor, Whig, 74 Lewis Cass, Democrat, 120; in 1852, Winfield Scott, Whig, 104 Franklin Pierce, 121 ; in 1856, Millard Fillmore, American, 257 STATE OF MISSOUEI. 483 James Buchanan, 488; and in 1860, Abraham Lincoln, Eepublican, 111; John Bell, Union, 369; John C. Breckinridge, Democrat, 246, and Stephen A. Douglas, 590. The total vote cast at this election for President was 1,316, and the population of the county in the same year was 9,208, thirty-one of whom were slaves. The total vote against Breckinridge was 1,070, as against 246 cast for him, which vote in all probability pretty accurately measures the Union and Secession sentiment of the people of Putnam County at the outbreak of the war. The votes cast at other previous elections were, so far as can be ascertained, as follows: For Governor, in 1848, KoUins, 78, King, 180; in 1852, Wins, 75, Price, 125; in 1857, Eollins, Inde- pendent, 228, Stewart, Democrat, 472; for Congress, in 1848, Samuel, 21, Hall, 208; in 1850, Bowman, 70, Gardenhire, 29, Hall, 159; in 1852, Oli, 80, King, 71, Burch (anti-Benton Democrat), 76; in 1854, Lindley (Whig), 242, Fournoy (anti- Benton), 104; for school superintendent, in 1858, Starke, 591, no opposition vote in the county. HosUlUies Begun. — Such in brief was the political status at the outbreak of the Rebellion. The excitement here in the spring of 1861, over the election of candidates to the convention, was very great. The Union candidates were John McCuUough and Jacob Smith, for whom Putnam County, as was to have been expected, gave a decided majority, and this convention, upon assembling, adopted an ordinance ousting the State officers, knowing that they were in sympathy with the Eebellion. The first war developments occurred under the determination on the part of the rebel element to have all the citizens of the State enrolled ander the Statei enrollment act, by which the sheriffs were required to enroll the people of their respective counties. The sheriff of Putnam County declined to perform this duty. When the law was received with instructions as to his duty under it, with the oath to be taken, the law was read aloud by the sher- iff in his office to those assembled, and, when the reading was completed. Sheriff Applegate said that he would neither take the oath himself, nor administer it to any other man. E. C. Brad- shaw, a lawyer present, with strong Southern sympathies, immedi- ately began taking off his coat, and announced that the sheriff 484 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. should obey the law. Up to this time it was not definitely known who of the citizens were, and who were not, in favor of standing by the Government, but, when Mr. Bradshaw, who was armed with a bowie-knife, became demonstrative, other citizens began taking off their coats and calling out to the sheriff, " Stand up to him, Applegate, we'll stand by you," and in a very short time every man in the room had his coat off, and was ready for what- ever might occur. About half a dozen men only proved to be in sympathy with the rebel cause and with Mr. Bradshaw, and the latter, perceiving himself so largely in the minority, suddenly left the court-house, went to his house on the north side, standing where George Both's hardware store now stands, followed by the citizens, and immediately escaped into the ravine northeast of the town, which was then thick with underbrush, and thence escaped from the county altogether and never returned, except possibly in secret to visit his family. The sheriff of Schuyler County not only enrolled the citizens of the county, but had about 400 men under arms. D. C. Boberts and other leading spirits of that county sent word to N. P. Applegate, sheriff of Putnam County, that if he did not enroll the people they would send over about 400 men to assist him ; and, acting under the influence of the same spirit, J. H. Holly, ex- representative, made appointments to speak at St. John, Wyreka, and other points in the county, in favor of the rebel cause. But word was sent to Mr. Holly that if he came and attempted to carry out his programme, a scaffold would be erected for the pur- pose of hanging him, and that he would be hung upon the scaf- fold; that there should be no rebel speeches made in Putnam County. Holly was a rebel recruiting agent, but became satis- fied he could do nothing in this section of the country, so went off, and joined Price's army. At the time fixed by the Schuyler County contingent to come over to Putnam County to " aid " Sheriff Applegate in the enroll- ment of the citizens, about 500 men assembled at Unionville, armed with every conceivable kind of weapon, even down to a corn cut- ter, and organized themselves under various captains or command- ers to go over to the Chariton Biver and invite the Schuyler County army into Putnam County, and have the enrollment STATE OF MISSOUEI. 485 question settled then and there. But before setting out on the march from Unionville quite an amusing incident occurred, which somewhat delayed the start. Some one going up on top of the court-house saw what he thought was the Schuyler County army coming from the east, and about two miles away. What was to be done was the question. It was soon evident that the truth or falsity of the supposition was the first thing to be determined. Keconnoitering parties were therefore sent forward, who were not long in discovering that what seemed from a distance to be a force of men marching in line with waving banners, was nothing but a long clothes line sustaining the week's washing of Mrs. S. S. Col- lins. The march toward the Chariton was therefore commenced, and, when this force of 500 brave and determined men reached the river, an invitation was sent over to the redoubtable Schuyler County militia to come over now to "assist" in the enrollment of Putnam County's citizens in the service of the seceded and seceding States, if such was still their desire. But the invitation was not accepted, and instead the entire rebel force left the county, and went off to join Gen. Price's army. The effect, therefore, of this movement, was to clean out Schuyler County of a rebel force. After remaining in camp on the banks of the Chariton nearly a week, and learning of the dispersion of their enemy, the citizens referred to returned each to his own home, in the mean- time, however, having organized themselves into JEome Guards. The Home Guards. — About six companies were thus organized, each consisting of seventy-five men, armed with their own guns, some of which were excellent rifies. William H. Bolander, of Liberty Township, was captain of one of these companies; M. T. Steen, of Elm, captain of another; Peter Thompson, of Wilson, of another; and G. W. E. Ledford, of another. Another company of Home Guards was commanded by Capt. William H. Bogle (first lieutenant, Oliver H. Magee, second lieutenant, Jacob W. Peckinpaugh), and was composed of fifty-nine men. It was organized in August, 1861, and performed duty under orders from Gen. Hurlbut by reinforcing Col. Scott, of the Third Iowa Infantry, at Kirksville. It was stationed for a time at Sepley's (Lesley's) ford, and continued in the service, in Put- nam, Sullivan and Schuyler Counties, until October 13, 1861, when it was disbanded. 486 HISTOBY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Sylvester S. Collins was captain of a company of Home Guards. His first lieutenant was Seth Greggs, and second lieutenant, David G. Maize. The aggregate strength of the company was fifty-eight men. It was organized in May, 1861, and performed duties in Putnam and Schuyler Counties, break- ing up and disbanding rebel organizations until August 1, 1861, when it was disbanded. The Shawneetown Home Guards was also a Putnam County organization: Captain, James Ewing; fiist lieutenant, E. D. Skinner; second lieutenant, Daniel Castor. This company was organized in July, 1861, and was engaged in scouting and dis- persing rebel bands which had been or were forming in Schuyler County. With other companies, it reinforced Col. Scott at Kirksville, and continued on duty until September, 1861, when it was disbanded. The first speech made in Putnam County in favor of the war for the Union was by Lieut. -Col. I. V. Pratt, at the court-house in Unionville, in June or July, 1861; and in 1862 Alexander Wool- folk, who was then recruiting for the First Missouri State Militia, delivered a speech for the purpose of obtaining recruits for the regiment of which he was afterward made lieutenant-colonel. The regiments into which the loyal citizens of Putnam County mainly enrolled themselves were the following: The Eighteenth, the Twenty-Third, the Twenty-Seventh and the Forty-Second Regi- ments of infantry; the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, and the Third, Sixth, Eighth and Thirteenth Iowa Cavalry. Besides these, num- bers entered the First and Second Missouri State Militia. The Eighteenth Regiment. — The Eighteenth Regiment was raised early in 1861, and, when its organization was at length com- pleted, it was officered as follows: Madison Miller, colonel, commis- sioned January 28, 1862; I. V. Pratt, lieutenant-colonel, commis- sioned March 10, 1862, to rank from August 17, 1861 ; Charles S. Sheldon became lieutenant-colonel December 4, 1862; James A. Price, major, commissioned June 19, 1862, and resigned July 7, 1862; William H. Minter, commissioned major, October 3, 1863; William H. Edgar, adjutant, commissioned March 10, 1862, killed in the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862; Edwin J. Conway, com- missioned major, December 4, 1862, and subsequently appointed second lieutenant in the Fourth United States Cavalry; D. A. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 487 Cud-worth, quartermaster, commissioned June 7, 1862, to rank from March 1, 1862; Norman S. Hamlin, surgeon, commis- sioned March 8, 1862, to rank from August 17,. 1861, resigned September 3, 1861; S. B. Hants, succeeded December 4, 1862; S. B. Hants, commissioned assistant surgeon, March 12, 1862; and F. F. Randolph commissioned assistant surgeon, June 24, 1863; J. M. Garner, chaplain, commissioned March 10, 1862. Charles S. Sheldon became colonel of this regiment, August 15, 1864, Madison Miller having resigned March 15, previous. Will- iam H. Minter became lieutenant-colonel August 15, 1864; Peter R. Doleman became major, August 15, 1864; and Henry W. Godfrey, adjutant, March 1, 1864. The companies of this regiment raised wholly, mainly or partly in Putnam County, were B, D, E and G, with parts of Com- panies F, H and I. The officers of Company B were at first: Captain, Henry P. Stultz, commissioned March 10, 1862, and recommissioned December 4, 1862. Daniel E.. Hudson, commis- sioned September 9, 1862, to rank from March 10 preceding, and promoted to captain of Company A, March 7, 1863; David W. Pollock, commissioned first lieutenant, September 7, 1863, to rank from March 8 preceding ; David W. Pollock, commissioned second lieutenant December 4, 1862, and served in this capacity until promoted to first lieutenant; Thomas W. Hatfield was commis- sioned captain of this company, June 12, 1865, and was mustered out July 18, 1865 ; John A. Biggin, of Milan, was commissioned first lieutenant of this company, June 12, 1865, and was mustered out July 18, 1865; John A. Biggin was commissioned second lieutenant, February 4, 1865, and, upon his promotion to first lieu- tenant, Eobert A. Boyles, of Mechanicsville, was commissioned second lieutenant, and was mustered out July 18, 1865. The members of this company who were killed or who died in the serAdce of their country were the following: George Hind- man, killed at Shiloh April 6, 1862; JefEerson J. Smith, taken prisoner at Shiloh, and died in Alabama June 25, 1862; Clai- borne M. Odam, died May 24, 1862, near Corinth; Luke P. Alphin, died August 10, 1862, near Corinth; William Bridges, died April 5, 1862, at Cairo, 111. ; Francis Bridges, died in November, 1861, at Laclede, Mo. ; George Bates, died March 1, 488 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. 1863, at Corinth ; John J. Cochran, killed April 6, 1862, at Shi- loh; Dill. Cooley, died April 7, 1862, at St. Louis; John Downey, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862 ; Jacob Hoover, died June 9, 1862, near Corinth; Matthew Hutchison, died in July, 1862, at Monterey, Tenn. ; William Hatfield, died in November, 1861, at Laclede, Mo. ; Cumming I. Lund, died March 3, 1863, at Che- walla, Tenn. ; Simeon Maphit, killed April 6, 1862, at Shiloh ; Matthew Morris, died April 19, 1862, at Paducah, Ky., from wounds received at Shiloh ; Noah MuUenix, killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; James E. Simmons, killed April 6, 1862, at Shiloh; Isaac Sell, died October 15, 1862, at Corinth; "William Smith, killed October 3, 1862, at Corinth ; Jonathan W. Watts, killed in front of Atlanta in 1864; James West, died June 8, 1862, at Ayersville, Mo.; George E. Wells, died February 18, 1863, at Chewalla, Tenn., and John W. Trunnell, missing since the battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862. Company D was officered originally as follows: Captain, George W. Wyckoff, commissioned March 10, 1862, to rank from August 12, 1861, and recommissioned December 4, 1862; Joseph E. Stille, first lieutenant, commissioned March 10, 1862, to rank from August 6, 1861, recommissjoned December 4, 1862, and resigned June 2, 1863; George W. Wyckoff was mustered out at the expiration of his term in 1864, and E. E. Eockwood was com- missioned captain, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865; William M. Edgar was made first lieuteiiant, September 7, 1863, and transferred to Company K; Silas W. Haynes was com- missioned first lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865, having been commissioned second lieutenant, August 15, 1864; William D. Scurlock was commissioned second lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865. Company E was originally officered as follows: Captain, Jacob L. Clark, commissioned March 10, 1862, to rank from August 6, 1861, and died in May, 1862, of wounds received at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; ElwoodM. Miller was commissioned cap- tain, December 4, 1862, and promoted to colonel and aide-de-camp on the Governor's staff. Henry Eennels was commissioned cap- tain, February 8, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865; Jacob E. Ault, after acting as first lieutenant, was promoted to captain of STATE OJF MISSOURI. 489 Company G ; Edward S. Donnelly was commissioned first lieuten- ant, March 10, 1862, and promoted to captain of Company C, December 4, 1862; Kenton F. Bremnn was commissioned first lieutenant, December 4, 1862, and promoted to captain of Com- pany H, August 15, 1864; Thomas W. Hatfield was commissioned first lieutenant, August 15, 1864, and promoted to captain of Com- pany B, June 12, 1865 ; and James R. Wilson, of Mooresville, was commissioned first lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865; Elihu P. Springer acted as second lieutenant a short time, and was transferred to Company F, and was commis- sioned second lieutenant of that company, March 10, 1862, to rank from August 9, 1861; he deserted June 14, 1862; John R. McAfee was commissioned second lieutenant, March 10, 1862, to rank from August 7, 1861, and was promoted to first lieutenant of Company I, December 4, 1862; Abijah Everest was commis- sioned second lieutenant, December 4, 1862, and was promoted first lieutenant of Company I, July 23, 1864; Henry Rennells was commissioned second lieutenant, July 23, 1864, and promoted to captain, February 4, 1 865 ; John Abrigg was commissioned sec- ond lieutenant, February 4, 1865, and promoted first lieutenant of Company H, June 12, 1865, and Charles Grabosch was com- missioned second lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865. Company G was officered as follows : Captain, Jacob R. Ault, commissioned March 10, 1862, to rank from August 13, 1861, recommissioned December 4, 1862, and resigned April 14, 1863; William Hemstreet was commissioned September 7, 1863, and mustered out July 18, 1865. B. W. Godfrey acted as first lieu- tenant a short time, and was promoted to captain of Company F, August 10, 1861; John Howry was commissioned first lieutenant, March 10, 1862, to rank from August 14, 1861, and resigned March 26, 1862; William Hemstreet was commissioned first lieutenant, April 8, 1862, to rank from April 2, 1862; recommis- sioned December 4, 1862, and commissioned captain, April 15, 1863 ; James D. Coddington was commissioned second lieutenant, March 10, 1862, to rank from August 6, 1861, and was promoted to first lieutenant of Company F, December 4, 1862, a,nd mustered out at the expiration of his term of service; Charles Mansfield 490 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. was commissioned first lieutenant, March 1, 1864, and promoted captain of Company H, June 12, 1865, mastered out July 18, 1865; George W. Norvell was commissioned first lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865; Charles Manda was commissioned second lieutenant, February 4, 1865, and promoted first lieutenant of Company K, June 12, 1865 ; Lewis Fitzpatrick was commissioned second lieutenant, June 12, 1865, and mustered out July 18, 1865. The effectiveness of the Eighteenth Regiment was for some few months, during its early career, impaired by the unfortunate cir- cumstance of its having two sets of officers. The first set, includ- ing James W. Morgan, was mustered, but not commissioned, and the second set was commissioned by the lieutenant-governor of the State. The existence of these two sets of officers was caused by a misunderstanding, which was finally settled by recommission- ing the regiment, and mustering out of office the officers not com- missioned. Two orders from the war department were issued, bearing the same date, as follows : Wak Departmbnt, Adjutant General's Ofpice, ) Washington, D. C, November 34, 1863. f Major- General Grant, Commanding Thirteentli Army Corps, Genbeal : — I am directed by the Secretary of War to enclose you a copy of a letter to His Excellency, the Governor of Missouri, in which reference is made to two sets of officers for the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteers. So soon as the Governor appoints the new officers, for which he has the authority of the war department, you will please cause the others to be mustered out of service. A copy of this letter has been furnished His Excellency. I am, General, very respectfully your obedient servant, Thomas M. Vincent, A. A. G. Wau Dbpaktment, Adjutant General's Office, ) Washington, D. C. , November 34, 1862. f His Excellency, the Governor of Missouri, St. Louis, Mo. Sir:— I am directed by the Secretary of War to inform you that the set of officers of the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteers, mustered in but not commis- sioned, under W. James Morgan, colonel, and the second set for the same organization, commissioned by the lieutenant-governor, will be mustered out of service by instructions which will issue from this office to-day. To fill the vacancies created in said regiment, you have authority from the Secretary of War to appoint and commission new officers. I have the honor to be, Sir, very respectfully your obedient servant, Thomas M. Vincent, Assistant Adjutant- General. STATE OP MISSOUEI. 491 The result of the Governor's appointments in obedience to these instructions has been given above. The regiment, in its first service, marched to Brookfield, where it received arms and uniforms, and went into camp. In October, 1861, it marched back to Laclede, near which town it constructed a fortified camp, after which it was engaged in guarding the Hannibal & St. Joseph Eailroad. Companies and detachments were at various times engaged in skirmishing with the enemy at points along the road, and to the south of it. On the 14th of November the regi- ment was mustered into the United States service. December 1, it moved to Weston, Mo., and there went into winter quarters, and in January, 1861, received its first payment. In February, 1862, Ool. Morgan, who, as has been stated, was not commis- sioned colonel of this regiment, was superseded by Madison Miller, and the regiment moved to St. Louis, where it remained until March 11, 1862, when it embarked on the steamer " Nebraska." On the 13th the boat left the wharf, and moved down to Island No. 10, where the regiment remained ten days. It then removed up the Tennessee to Pittsburg Landing, and debarking camped in the vicinity of Shiloh church. The regi- ment was attached to the Third Brigade, Sixth Division, com- manded by Gen. Prentiss. In the battle of April 6, 1862, after a severe contest, the Eighteenth was compelled to tetire, and did so in some disorder, but rallied on the next line of battle. In this battle Company B lost seven killed, twenty-five wounded and sixteen prisoners. The regiment, or at least a part of it, participated in the battle of Corinth, October 3 and 4, 1862, and here again lost in killed, wounded and prisoners, and performed valiant service for the Union all through the year 1863. Early in 1864 the regiment was mounted, and employed in scouting the country near Flor- ence, Ala. At this time the veteran organization was effected, and by the middle of March the entire regiment was on furlough. With over 100 recruits, the regiment returned from St. Louis to the field, reaching Decatur April 30, 1864, just in time to join the column on its march to Chattanooga. It left Chattanooga May 5, arriving at Gordon's mills, oh the Chickamauga, next day. It took part in the reconnoissance on the 9th, losing one 492 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. man killed and wounded; adTanced upon Resaca on the 13th, and formed upon the extreme right, upon the banks of the Oosta- naula, and at night was supporting the Fourteenth Ohio battery upon the hills south of the town; arrived at Kingston on the 19th, via Adairsville, passed through Van Wett on the 25th, and arrived at Dallas May 26, and, after gallant and severe service, on the 5th of June, moved with the rest of the army to Ackworth ; arrived at Big Shanty on the 11th, and erected works at Peach Orchard. On the 21st it moved with the brigade to the point of Kenesaw. On the 3d of July the rebels evacuated their works, and fell back to a line intended to cover the crossing of the Chat- tahoochee, and the Eighteenth moved to the right and camped near Nickajack Creek. On July 4 it crossed the Nickajack, sup- ported the Twenty-seventh and Thirty-ninth Ohio in making an assault upon the enemy's works; on the 5th moved still further to the right, and on the 7th threw up a line of rifle-pits at How- ell's ferry, on the Chattahoochee, whence, on the 9th, it marched, via Marietta, to Roswell. Moving forward on the 17th, it reached Decatur on the 19th, and went into camp near Atlanta on the 20th. A severe fight occurred on the 22d of July, in which the rebel, Gen. Walker, fell, which decided the battle in favor of the Union cause. 'The brigade was saved from capture on that day by a difficult movement made on the part of the Eighteenth Regiment, at a critical point in the fight— that of facing the line about and marching to the rear, and pouring in a fire upon the rebels from an unexpected quarter. From this time until the 18th of August the regiment performed its full share of skirmish- ing and fighting, and so on up to the 2d of September, when it marched through Jonesboro, and assisted in the destruction of the Macon Railroad ; on the 11th of September went into camp at East Point, Ga., for thirty days. On the 2d of October the regi- ment was again under marching orders, and from that time on was constantly engaged in skirmishing, fighting, marching and destroying railroads, until the completion of the famous march to the sea, when, on the 21st of December, 1864, the division to which it belonged went into camp in the immediate vicinity of Savannah, Ga. STATE OP MISSOUEl. 493 The moTement north from Savannah commenced on the 5th of January, 1865. On the 18th the command moved to Pocota- ligo, on the Charleston & Savannah Eailroad ; and on the 20th a reconnoissance was made with a view of crossing the Salkahatchie above the railroad bridge, but, owing to a sudden rise in the river, the attempt failed, though continued efforts resulted in driving the rebel forces backward, and on the 6th of February the command reached Midway, on the Charleston & Augusta Eailroad. The railroad here was fully destroyed, and on the 12th of February the crossing of the North Edisto was secured at Orangeburg, and the army moved to Columbia, where the rebel army was concentrated to check Sherman's advance. Columbia was cap- tured on the 16th, and Charlotte also soon afterward. Winsboro was captured on the 22d, and at Cheraw the Eighteenth Missouri and the Thirty-ninth Ohio were selected to force and cover the crossing of the Great Pedee, so that the ponton bridge might be made. Fayetteville was captured March 11, where communica- tion was had with the North, and on the 15th the army started for Goldsboro, which place was reached on the 24:th. Here the regiment remained until April 15, when it moved toward Raleigh, N. C, which was captured with but little resistance. From this time until the surrender of Johnston's army nothing of impor- tance occurred until the 29th of April, when the army commenced its march toward Washington, where the Eighteenth took part in the great review. From Washington the regiment moved by rail and river to Louisville, Ky., where, on the 18th of July, 1865, it was mustered out of the service of the United States, and ordered to St. Louis, where it was finally discharged, July 22. The casualties in the Eighteenth Regiment were as follows; Killed — oflBlcers, 3; men, 40; died of wounds — oflicers, 3; men, 14 ; died of disease — men, 164 ; deserters — officers, 2 ; men, 60 ; discharged on account of disability — men, 19; dismissed — officers, 1; resigned — officers, 18; accidental death — men, 2; missing in action — officers, 1; killed by lightning and sunstroke — men, 3; honorably discharged — officers 43 ; men, 885. The Forty -second Regiment. — This organization was partly raised in Putnam County. It was officered as follows : Colonel, William Forbes, commissioned November 11, 1864, and mustered 494 HISTORY 01* PXjTNAJt COUNTY. out March 22, 1865; lieutenant-colonel, Thaddeus J. Stauber, commissioned November 11, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; major, A. W. Billings, commissioned November 11, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; adjutant, H. H. Mere- dith, commissioned August 25, 1864, commission canceled; John M. Loudon, commissioned August 30, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; quartermaster, P. Banta, commissioned August 3, 1864, commission canceled; W. W. Jennings, commissioned August 28, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865 ; surgeon, Horace Newell, commissioned October 29, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; assistant surgeons, Abraham L. Gray, commissioned August 30, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; and George P. Smiley, commissioned October 19, 1864, and mustered out March 22, 1865. The companies of this regiment raised in Putnam County were C and D. Company C was officered as follows: Captain, Peter Thompson, of Unionville, commissioned September 23, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; first lieutenant, M. H. Wyckoff, of Unionville, commissioned September 23, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865 ; second lieutenant, James L. Martin, of Unionville, commissioned September 23, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865. Company D, of the Forty-second Eegiment, was officered as follows: Captain, David G. Maize, of Unionville, commissioned September 23, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865; first lieu- tenant, Calvin Johnson, of Lancaster, Mo., commissioned Novem- ber 11, 1864, but declined to accept; Michael E. Bruce, of Unionville, commissioned January 12, 1865, and mustered out June 28, 1865 ; second lieutenant, Sion A. Haynes, of Unionville, commissioned September 23, 1864, and mustered out June 28, 1865. The names of those belonging to this company who were killed or who died while in the service of their country are as follows: Sterling Lawson, died at Macon City, Mo., October 18, 1864; Peter Richmond, died at Clarksville, Tenn., December 10 1864; Christopher Shannon, died at Fort Donelson, December 15, 1864; Henry Arvamon, died at Fort Donelson, December 15, 1864; Daniel Plane, died at Clarksville, December 12, 1864; STATE OF MlSSOUEl. 495 George W. Fulhart, died at Clarksville, December 14, 1864; John B. Bridewell, died at Clarksville, December 19, 1864; James A. McClure, died at Clarksville, December 19, 1864; James Lloyd, died at St. Louis, January 15, 1865; Samuel G. McClure, died at Clarksville, January 1, 1865; John J. Montgomery, died at Nash- ville, January 4, 1865; Joseph GufEey, died at Macon City, Mo., December 7, 1864; William B. Higgins, died at Nashville, Janu- ary 13, 1865 ; James H. Bradshaw, died at Fort Donelson, Janu- ary 10, 1865; John G. Cain, died at Tullahoma, January 23, 1865; Titus Jeffreys, died at Fort Donelson, December 10, 1864; William T. Baccus, died at St. Louis, December 10, 1864, and Capt. David G. Maize, died at St. Louis, in July, 1865. Authority was given originally to Col. E. J. Eberman, of Mason County, to raise this regiment early in August, 1864, but for various reasons the authority was subsequently transferred to Col. William Forbes, formerly a captain in the Tenth Missouri Infantry, to complete its organization. The regiment was completed September 30, but before its completion it was in active service during the invasion of Missouri in September. As soon as fully organized, it was moved to Paducah, Ky., with a view of supporting Gen. Thomas in his efforts to repel the movements of the rebels under Gen. Hood. Orders were received November 10, 1864, to join Thomas, and the regiment started from Macon on the 12th, arriving in St. Louis on the 13th. But at this time the field officers and several of the line officers were not yet commissioned; hence the regiment went to Benton Bar- racks, where it remained until the 29th. In the meantime commissions were received, musters made, and the regiment paid. On the date last named the regiment embarked on transports, and on December 2 reported to Gen. Meredith at Paducah, Ky., by whom it was immediately ordered to proceed to Nashville and report to Gen. Thomas. It arrived at Clarksville, Tenn., Decem- ber 5, where by order of Col. Smith, through instructions from Gen. Thomas, it returned to Fort Donelson, which was then threatened by the rebel, Gen. Lyon, with 7,000 cavalry. The regiment reached there December 6, and disembarked during a heavy rain and snow storm. Many of the men were prostrate with small-pox and measles, and, as the regiment had no tents, it 496 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. was impossible to provide shelter evea for the sick. The regiment remained at Fort Donelson until the 30th, during which time 150 men were buried, they having died from measles, small-pox and diseases incidental to life in the camp. Gen. Lyons, having learned of the presence of Union soldiers at Fort Donelson made a detour north, and crossed the Cumberland Kiver at Cumberland City, and on the 30th the Forty-second started for Nashville, arriving there the next day. On January 2 it started for Tullahoma, reaching there on the 3d. Col. Forbes was given command of the post, and retained it until mustered out. Lieut. -Col. Stauber was sent out by Gen. Milroy with a detachment of the regiment to intercept Gen. Lyon, who was returning from Kentucky. The interception did not take place, but chase was given and several of Gen. Lyon's men were taken prisoners. Capt. Lewis, in command of Company A and a detachment from Company K, was sent to McMinnville, Tenn., where he remained until mustered out. At this time Southern Tennessee and Northern Alabama were infested by numerous bands of outlaws, who committed daily the most atrocious crimes, and the Forty-second Missouri was delegated by Gen. Milroy to rid the country of those banditti gangs. The work of this regiment was very effective under this order of Gen. Milroy. The banditti were either exterminated or driven out of the county. Over 800 were killed or captured during January, February and March, 1865, among them being some of the most notorious outlaws of the war. Col. Forbes, one assist- ant surgeon and the chaplain were mustered oiit March 22, 1865, and the time of the three six-months' companies (H, I and K) having expired, the number of men in the regiment was reduced below the minimum, and the remainder of the regiment was ordered to Shelbyville, Tenn., where it remained, doing garrison duty and occasional scouting service, until June 23, 1865, when it proceeded to Nashville, where it was mustered out June 28. The men then proceeded to St. Louis, arriving there July 2, and were finally discharged and paid on the 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th at St. Louis. The casualties in the Forty-second Regiraent were: Killed, men, 1 ; died of wounds, men, 5 ; died of disease, men, 98 ; STAtE OF MISSOURI. 49? deserted, men, 21 ; discharged for disability, men, 24 ; dismissed, ■officers, 2 ; resigned, officers, 3 ; drowned, men, 2 ; committed sui- cide, officer, 1 ; honorably discharged, officers, 343, men, 562. The Seventh Missouri Cavalry. — Besides the regiments above enumerated, men from Putman County enlisted in the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, and several cavalry regiments belonging to Iowa. Company M of the Seventh Missouri Cavalry was raised largely in Putnam County. It was officered as follows : Captain, Benjamin T. Humphrey, commissioned March 13, 1862, to rank from July 11, 1861 ; James McMurtry was commissioned captain, April 23, 1862, and resigned April 10, 1863; and O. B. Queen was commissioned April 29, 1863, and mustered out April 11, 1865; first lieutenants — James F. Rogers, commissioned March 13, 1862, and resigned September 20, 1862; Charles Holtzinger, commissioned April 23, 1862, and resigned March 3, 1863; O. B. Queen, commissioned March 23, 1863, promoted to captain, April 18, 1863; Eeuben T. Berry, commissioned May 14, 1863, and mustered out April 11, 1865; second lieutenants — George W. Castel, commissioned March 13, 1862, to rank from July 11, 1861, and resigned September 7, 1862; A. B. Slingerland, commissioned January 1, 1863, promoted to first lieutenant, September 13, 1864; A. J. McElhaney, mustered out April 11, 1865. The history of this regiment is briefly as follows: It was recruited in the winter of 1861-62, mainly in Central Missouri. The entire country was filled with rebel armies and guerrilla bands. In Johnson County the regiment had two fierce encount- ers with Gordon's and Quantrill's guerrilla bands, in which Maj. Foster and Capt. Foster were severely wounded, and Lieut. Jewell killed. The organization of the regiment was perfected May 1, 1862, and the regiment stationed at Georgetown, Mo. Compa- nies A, D, and B, during the months of July and August, 1862, were stationed at Boonville, Mo., under the command of Lieut. -Col. T. T. Crittenden, and participated in the adventurous pursuit of the rebel forces under Col. Poindexter in North Missouri. August 16, 1862, Maj. Foster, in command of 800 Union soldiers, includ- ing apart of the Seventh Cavalry, fought 2,500 rebels at Lone Jack. The regiment, then under Col. John F. Phillips, marched to the relief of Lexington, and returned to Sedalia, August 19, iS8 HIStOBY 01* PUTNAM COUNTY. whence it went, under Gen. Totten, to the relief of Springfield. At Oassville, on October 14, the regiment joined the army of the frontier, and did heavy marching and fighting with guerrilla bands until August 1, 1863, when it was transferred to the Cen- tral District of Missouri. In October it was in pursuit, night and day, for about twelve days, of the rebel Gen. Shelby's forces, par- ticipating on the 13th of the month in the general engagement in which he was driven from the ground, and scattered and dis- persed in much confusion. In 1864 it participated in the pursuit of Gen. Price, and during the year 1865 was stationed in the Central District of Missouri, doing guard and escort duty, and assisting in the extermination of guerrillas. Gruerrillas, etc. — A meeting was held at Unionville, July 4, 1863, to consider the state of the country, in view of the doubt- fully loyal course of Gov. Gamble, who, from all that could be seen, was more intent upon protecting property in slaves than in sustaining the Government in the suppression of the rebellion. Speeches were made, and a series of resolutions adopted, condemn- ing what was considered as his too considerate course toward that species of property, and toward sympathizers with secession. A post was maintained at Unionville during the summer of 1863, the force consisting of about thirty men, being under command of Col. W. A. Shelton. This post was maintained for the protec- tion of the loyal citizens of the county, and all who were peaceable, against guerrillas and bushwhackers. However, no one was killed by either of these classes in Putnam County, though in 1864 a band of guerrillas, in passing through the eastern end of the coun- ty, made an attempt to capture J. M. Brasfield, and failed. The same party went on down into Sullivan County, and killed a Mr. Buxton, near Greencastle. Quite a number of men were killed, however, by Union men. One of these was James M. Overton, who was killed in the fall of 1861, or early in 1862. Overton was pursuing Lieut. Martin, with a view of killing him, but Mar- tin succeeded in getting in the first shot, and killed Overton. This was in the woods in the northwest corner of the county, in York Township. It is altogether probable that Overton's desire and attempt to kill Martin was owing to a personal grudge of long standing. Samuel Bland, a reputed rebel, was killed in the STATE OF MtSSOUllI. 499 fall of 1861. A few Union men went to hio house for the purpose of arresting him, and found him in the barnyard feeding his stock. Upon their going into his yard after him, he charged upon them with his pitchfork, and was shot by them in order to prevent themselves being stabbed. Mr. Bland was one of the stoutest men in the county, and probably would have been more than a match for the small squad attempting his arrest, had he not been instantaneously shot down. William Cain, brother of Tice Cain, commander of a guerrilla band, was killed in the fall of 1861. William claimed to be one of his brother's men. A commit, tee of citizens went to arrest him and killed him. Whether there was any resistance on his part, can not now be ascertained. Bras- ton Carter was killed in the fall of 1863, as was also John Henry. These two men were killed, it is now believed, substantially from the same motive. Guerrillas infested all parts of the State, the forces of the regular volunteer army having been sent out of the State to strengbhen the armies at the front, and it was the deter- mination of the citizens left at home to deal summarily with all bushwhackers and guerrillas. A pretended guerrilla band was therefore organized, which went around to the houses of men suspected of being bush- whackers, and by the reception with which they met were enabled to determine, to their own satisfaction at least, whether those vis- ited were or were not of the suspected class. Being satisfied that Mr. Carter and Mr. Henry were bushwhackers, they were killed for this reason. The killing of the Bev. John L. Woods at Unionville, during a session of the circuit court, was one of the most aggravated of the killings committed in the county. It should not have occurred, was wholly unjustifiable, and might have been easily- prevented. Bev. Mr. Woods was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and it was known that his sympathies were with the Southern cause. But the Union sentiment was then overwhelmingly in the ascendancy in Put- nam County, though Mr. Woods was not in anywise a danger^ ous man ; but many of the veterans were home on furlough, and, while more or less under the influence of whisky, seemed deljpr- mined to tolerate nothing savoring of secessionism. He ap- peared to be the special object of their dislike, and the dis- 500 HiSTOBY OP ttJTNAM COUNTY. cussion of the merits of the questions at issue between the North and South was especially directed at him. The attacks of the veterans upon him were encouraged by a Eev. Mr. Eogers, of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and even Judge De Bolt, then holding circuit court, instead of using his influence toward restraining the excitement, and preserving the peace and the dignity of his court, went among the veterans in the court- room, and encouraged them in making it uncomfortable for the Eev. Mr. Woods. The veterans and other soldiers ordered Mr. Woods to leave the town. He protested that he was in town only to settle with the probate court as guardian for some estate, and to purchase a supply of goods for a contemplated trip across the plains to Oregon, and that he intended to start in a few days. But the soldiers would be satisfied with nothing less than an immediate departure, so Mr. Woods, in order to avoid further trouble, consented to their terms, mounted his horse and rode away. After he had ridden some distance, firing toward him was commenced, as it had been before on several other individuals, who had been compelled to leave town rather unceremoniously, but unfortunately, and it is believed that, without the intent of the soldier firing it, a bullet struck Eev. Mr. Woods in the back, passed upward through his stomach, and inflicted a painful, and, as it proved, fatal wound. This was about 1 o'clock P. M. of March 21, 1864. Mr. Woods was taken to the house of Col. W. A. Shelton, where he lingered in intense pain until 3 o'clock next morning, when he died. Two of the attorneys who were practicing in the Putnam County Circuit Court at that term were Westley Halliburton and E. D. Morrison, of Milan, Sullivan County, both of whom were more or less in sympathy with the rebellion, and the result of the day's disturbances, whether de- signedly so or not, was to drive them away from Unionville, and to leave their clients without defense. These cases were con- tinued until the next term of court. Col. Shelton was then clerk of the circuit court, and also in command of the Putnam County militia, and, as such of&cer, was clothed with authority to cjll out the militia to suppress all disturbance, and it was only on his appeal to officers among the soldiers, and to the judge of the circuit court, that order should be restored under the alternative STATE OF MISSOURI. 501 of the court being closed, and the arrest and sending to St. Louis under guard of such soldiers as persisted in disorder, that the court resumed its dignity and the soldiers resumed their orderly behavior. The Forty-flfth Regiment Enrolled Missouri Militia. — This was raised in Putnam County, its officers being as follows: Colonel, William A. Shelton, commissioned September 27, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865; lieutenant -colonel, S. S. Collins, com- missioned September 27, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; major, S. F. Summers, commissioned December 23, 1863, died April 13, 1864; James B. Harper, commissioned June 30, 1864, vacated March 12, 1865; adjutant, Wilbur F. Wells, commissioned September 27, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; quartermaster, H. D. Marshall, commissioned September 27, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865 ; surgeon, J. G. Hart, vacated by Special Order No. 126, 1864; Joseph E. Stille, commissioned October 20, 1864, vacated March 12, 1865. Company A was officered as follows: Captain, John H. Morgan, commissioned December 12, 1863, to rank from* Sep- tember 13, 1862; first lieutenant, M. H. Harbert, commissioned August 27, 1862, to rank from August 2, 1862 ; second lieutenant, Thomas B. Neff, commissioned December 12, 1863, to rank from September 13, 1862. Company B — Captain, David G. Maize; first lieutenant, John L. McCoUom; second lieutenant, Jefferson Davis; all commissioned August 26, 1862, to rank from August 3, 1862, and vacated March 12, 1865. Company C — Captain, Peter Thompson, commissioned Au- gust 27, 1862, vacated March 12, 1865; first lieutenant, John Sexton, commissioned August 27, 1862, vacated by Special Order No. 126, 1864; second lieutenant, N. H. Wyckoff, commissioned April 16, 1863, vacated March 12, 1865. Company D — Captain, Perry L. Stalcup, commissioned June 3, 1863 ; first lieutenant, Calvin Johnson, commissioned July 10, 1863; second lieutenant, J. F. Franklin, commissioned August 26, 1862; all vacated March 12, 1865. Company E — ^Captain, G. W. E. Ledford, commissioned August 27, 1862; first lieutenant, James M. Ledford, commis- 502 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. sioued August 8, 1863; both vacated Marcli 12, 1865; second lieutenant, D. T. Downing, commissioned August 27, 1862, vacated by Special Order No. 126, 1864. Company F — Captain, John Probasco; first lieutenant, Jesse i3acus; second lieutenant, John Williams; all commissioned August 27, 1862; captain, vacated March 12, 1865; lieutenants, by Special Order No. 126, 1864. Company G— Captain, J. D. Summers, commissioned May 4, 1864; first lieutenant, Jesse R. Drury; second lieutenant, Will- iam J. McClure, both commissioned August 26, 1862; all vacated March 12, 1865. Company H — Captain, John L. Thomas, commissioned August 27, 1862; first lieutenant, McColly Rowan, commissioned October 27, 1862; second lieutenant, Simeon Abbott, commis- sioned August 27, 1862; all vacated March 12, 1865. Company I — Captain, William Johnson, commissioned June 13, 1864, vacated March 12, 1865 ; first lieutenant, Joseph Wood, commissioned August 27, 1862, resigned April 20, 1864; James J. Lo«vry, commissioned June 13, 1864; promoted to second lieutenant, William Johnson, commissioned August 27, 1862, pro- moted to captain, June 13, 1864; William Wilks, commissioned June 13, 1864, vacated March 12, 1865. This regiment, which became famous as the Putnam County militia, was raised, as may be seen from the dates of the commis- sions of its officers, in August, 1862, About thirty men from this regiment were detailed to command the post at Unionville, and remained on duty here all summer. During the same season Capts. Ledford, of Company B, and Probasco, of Company F, were detailed to form two companies of the Second Provisional Regiment, which, during the summer of 1863, was on duty at Han- nibal and vicinity. About the 1st of October, 1864, 400 men of this regiment, under Col. W. A. Shelton, were ordered to Macon City, where their principal duty was to guard Government stores. Here they remained until Gen. Price made his raid up the Mis- souri River toward Kansas City. Col. Shelton's command was then sent to Glasgow, Howard County, and to Brunswick, and to Keytesville, Chariton County, with instructions to return thence to Glasgow. It was not clear at the beginning what was the STATE OF MISSOUEI. 503 object of this scout or expedition, but it was made clear before its termination. Upon the arrival of the Putnam County militia at Keytesville the command met a large number of negroes and citizens who had been incited to break into the stores in that place, and to commit all manner of depredations, carrying away all kinds of goods in bundles and in boxes. Hats were placed upon the heads of the militia, with the expectation that they would wear them on the remainder of their tour. About nine miles from Glasgow there lived a Capt. Myers, who was serving in the rebel army. As the Putnam County militia approached Capt. Myers' fine house, they discovered it to be in flames, which had progressed so far in the work of destruction that it was impossible for Col. Shelton's command to save the property. Upon approaching the house, Col. Shelton learned that nine men came out the night before from Glasgow and set fire to the man- sion. Upon arriving back in Glasgow, Col. Shelton was met by Col. Kutzner with the remark, "Well, I see you've been to Keytesville, and you passed by Myers' house. You made your mark." "Yes, Colonel," replied Col. Shelton, "we-'ve been to Keytesville, and we saw Myers' house in flames, and were unable to prevent the depredations in the former place, and were also unable to prevent the destruction of Capt. Myers' house. And now I want you to understand that the Putnam County militia can not be used any more for the purpose of having saddled upon it the misdeeds of others." It was not long afterward that Col. Kutzner' s regiment and one other had all the fighting they wanted in the battle of Franklin, and on the morning of the 8th of November, 1864, the Putnam County militia was detailed to protect the several voting precincts in Howard County, and to see that every voter exercised his right, according to his own choice, of voting for Lincoln or for McClellan for the presidency. After the election was over, the regiment returned to Macon City, where it was relieved from duty by Gen. Fisk. The men then returned home to discharge their duties as citizens of the State of Missouri and of the United States. The Number of Enlisted Men. — On the 8th of February, 1865, a petition was presented to the county court by Joseph K. Stille, praying for the appointment of some suitable person in each 504 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. towuship to obtain a full list of all men who had enlisted from his township from the beginning of the war to that time. Following is a table showing the names of the townships, the names of enumerators appointed, and the results of the enumeration which were reported to the county court some time in May, 1865. TOWNSHIPS. Elm Liberty (including Grant) Richland (including Lincoln). Union (including Wilson) Breckenridge (now Sherman). York Medicine Jackson Enumerators. G. W. R. Ledford. John Dillon Jefferson Davis. . . Joseph R. Stille. . . M. H. Harbert Joel Bridges J. P. Vandevort . . G. W. Dickson... Total number t hus rep orted. Enlisted Men. 175 178 205 No return. 103 378 33 73 1,045 It will be observed that no return was made for Union Town- ship; hence the number that would have been returned, had Mr. Stille performed his duty with as near an approximation to accu- racy as did the other enumerators, can only be estimated. In 1866 W. F. Wells was the supervisor of registration for the county, and under his supervision the number of voters in each township in Putnam County was found to be as shown in the following table, which also gives the names of the officers of reg- istration for each township: nistricts. Townships. Officers of iJegistration. Voters. No. 1 Elm Daniel SDarks 205 No. 3 Liberty J. W. Porter 201 No. 3 Richland 201 No. 4 Union Milton Cauby 327 No. 5 Daniel Torrey 117 No. 6 York 315 No. 7 Medicine E. H Howard 70 No. 8 Jackson a W rtif-kHon 91 Total Qumber of voters 1,337 There is little reason to doubt that Union Township was equally patriotic with York, and upon this supposition Union Township furnished 293 soldiers to the Union army, or say 300, which would make for the entire county, 1,345. On Friday, October 26, 1866, there was a grand soldier rally at the court- STATE OV MISSOUBI. 505 house in Unionville, one of the greatest ever held in the county. Gen. B. F. Loan and Col. W. A. Shelton addressed the soldiers and people in attendance, and committees were appointed, one for each township, to secure the names of all honorably discharged soldiers in their respective townships for the purpose of forming a soldier's league or a post of the Grand Army of the Kepublic. The committees appointed were as follows: Elm — John 0. Buster, N. S. "West, H. H. McElhaney; Liberty — John Centers, A. Logsdon, William Newman ; Richland — Lieut. James Daly, Charles Grabosch, J. M. Yates ; Union — Wilson McClure, A. J. Hoskinson, Lieut. B. Guffey; Sherman — Capt. D. W. Pollock, William Caruthers, Col. J. B. Harper; York — J. I. Conn, James E. Wehler, Henry Wells; Medicine — Tom Davis, E. H. How- ard, Lieut. Johnson; Jackson — A. A. Wilder, James Corbin and G. W. Peck. The Adkins Case. — Very few if any of the citizens of Put- nam actually enlisted in the rebel army, though there were some whose sympathies were with the Southern cause. In this con- nection the following proceedings of the circuit court, had on March 23, 1867, have a special interest: William Adkins on that (ay petitioned for relief from constitutional disqualification on account of sympathy with the Rebellion. The language on the records of the circuit court is as follows: " Now at this day comes the said petitioner in court in his proper person and by his attorney, and this cause coming up for hearing, and the court, hearing the petition and the evidence adduced, doth find that on or about the 1st day of April, 1863, the petitioner disqualified himself by the terms of the third section of the second article of the constitution, by hurrahing for Jefferson Davis, and that afterward, to wit, on or about the 16th day of March, 1864, the petitioner entered the military service of the United States, and has been honorably discharged therefrom, and, since being dis- charged therefrom, has demeaned himself in all respects as a loyal and faithful citizen, and that the said petitioner is entitled to be relieved from his disqualification ; it is therefore considered and decreed by the court that the disqualification resting upon the petitioner, William Adkins, in consequence of said act of hurrahing for Jefferson Davis, is removed." 9Z 506 HI8T0EY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. The Union Monument. — One of the most laudable movements ever inaugurated in this county was begun August 26, 1865, at a meeting of some of the citizens of Putnam County held that day at the court-house in Unionville. The ultimate object of this movement was the erection of a marble monument at or near the county seat of Putnam County, as a token of respect to the mem- ory of the defenders of the Union from Putnam County who had offered up their lives as a sacrifice that treason might be crushed and that the Union might be preserved. The original intention was that the monument should have engraved upon it the name of every soldier from Putnam County who had died or who had been killed in the Union service. It was estimated that the monument would cost $2,000. In order to effect this object, an organization was effected which was named " The Union Monu- ment Association of Putnam County," the first officers of which w ere as follows: president. Col. W. A. Shelton; vice president, Capt. H. P. Stultz ; secretary, N. W. Brasfield ; corresponding secretary, W. F. Wells ; treasurer, C. A. Elson. A board of directors was also elected, one member from each township, as follows: Elm, Dr. A. W. Lane; Liberty, Lieat. William D. Scurlock; Richland, James M. Crist; Union, J. Lavenburg; Jackson, Walter M. West; Sherman, James B. Harper ; Medicine, Joseph Williams ; and York, Alexan- der Wires. Interest in this movement was, however, permitted to flag, and no substantial results have thus far been seen. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS. Elections. — -Election returns, so far as ascertainable, up to and including those of the presidential election of 1860, have been already given. In 1862 the vote for congressman in Putnam County was, for H. B. Branch (Independent), 419; B. F. Loan (Emancipationist), 40; Brace (Democrat), 247. In the entire Seventh Congressional District the vote was : Branch, 2,675 ; Loan, 5,5^2; and Brace, 4,554. In 1863 the vote for judges of the supreme court was, for Clover (Radical), 799; for Bates (Con- servative), 117. Bates was elected, the majority for him in the entire State being 681. In 1864, the vote in Putnam County for President was, Lincoln, 1,292; McClellan, 47; for constitutional convention, 1,049; against, 41; for congressman, B. F. Loan, STATE OF MISSOUEI. 507 1,060; J. M. Bassett, 9; and H. B. Branch, 2. In the entire Sev- enth District, Loan received 10,346 votes ; Bassett, 35 ; and Branch, 1,774. In 1865, on the adoption of the new constitution, the vote was, in favor of it, 938 ; against it, 15. In 1866, the first year for which full election returns can be procured, the vote in Putnam County for member of Congress was, B. F. Loan, 1,112; George A. Hawley, 39. In the entire district. Loan received 10,942 ; Haw- ley, 3,980. Superintendent of public schools, Thomas A. Parker, 1,101; J. P. Williams, 88; for representative in the State Legisla- ture, James B. Harper, 561; Josiah Campbell, 509; and Manning Summers, 67 ; circuit court clerk, Milton Cauby, 591 ; G. W. E. Ledford, 279, and Joseph E. Stille, 246; sheriff, the two highest votes, James Spencer, 368 ; Peter Thompson, 231 ; assessor, A. L. Winchell, 597; J. J. Eice, 298, and D. S. Coddington, 232; county court judges, the three highest votes, Thomas Pollock, 706 ; Charles T. Triplett, 441, and W. H. Neighbors, 395; treasurer, C. A. Elson, 693 ; F. M. Steele, 378 ; county superintendent of schools, M. V. Loomis, 503; Daniel Carr, 321; and J. G. Hart, 251; pro- bate judge, 0. M. Cornmesser, 579; and A. W. O'Bryant, 443; supervisor of registration, W. F. Wells, 900. In 1868 the vote for President was, U. S. Grant, 1,265; Hora- tio Seymour, 248; for congressman, Joel F. Asper, 1,183; Oliver, 880. In the entire Seventh District, Col. Asper's vote was 12,029, that of Oliver, 5,008 ; Governor, Joseph W. McClurg, 1,187 ; John S. Phelps, 318; secretary of State, Eodman, 1,191; Pfeopping, 312; State treasurer, Dallmeyer, 1,192; Hondheusen, 312; repre- sentatives in the State Legislature, J. B. Harper, 772; Josiah Campbell, 659; assessor, A. L. Winchell received 1,094 votes. For judge of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, E. A. De Bolt received in Putnam County 1,178 votes, and G. D. Burgess, 328. In the entire circuit the vote was, for De Bolt, 6,015; Burgess, 8,201, as follows: Chariton, De Bolt, 751, Burgess, 785; Linn, De Bolt, 1,140; Burgess, 722; Sullivan, De Bolt, 864; Burgess, 643; Putnam, as above; Mercer, De Bolt, 1,058; Burgess, 395; Grundy, DeBolt, 1,014; Burgess, 828. In 1870 the vote for Governor was: Joseph W. McClurg, 844; B. Gratz Brown, 540; secretary of State, J. H. Staner, 840; E. F. Weigel, 531; State treasurer, C. I. Filley, 833; Samuel Hayes, 508 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. 530; state superinteDdent of schools, C. I. Beard, 835; Ira DivoU, 529; judge of the supreme court, David Wagner, 1,309; member of Congress, Seventh District, I. C. Parker, 905; J. H. Ellis, 320; State senator, 0. A. Cooper, 609; Lewis Bunnecke, 356; State representative, John Wyckoff, 588 ; H. D. Marshall, 794. In 1872 the Tenth Congressional District was composed of the following counties ; Harrison, Caldwell, Grundy, Mercer, Put- nam, Linn, Livingston, Daviess, Chariton and Sullivan. Ira B. Hyde and Charles H. Mansur were the Republican and Demo- cratic candidates, respectively. The former received a majority of 579 votes in Putnam County, and of 1,618, in the district. The registration in 1872 was as follows: Elm, 321; Liberty, 211; Grant, 96; Lincoln, 173; Eichland, 121; Union, 470; Sher- man, 169; Jackson, 143; York, 244; Medicine, 122; total, 2,070. The vote cast for President was, Grant, 1,254; Greeley, 529; for Governor — John B. Henderson, 1,270; Silas Woodson, 561; congressmen — Ira B. Hyde, 1,208; C. H. Mansur, 629; repre- sentative in State Legislature — James B. Harper, 957; H. D. Marshall, 813; the vote in favor of township organization was 1,233; against it, 371. The First Township Officers. — Under township organization the first set of officers was as follows : Elm Township — Supervisor, L. P. Smith; clerk, Neal Mar- tin; collector, J. J. Collins; justices of the peace, Daniel Sparks and J. Brown ; constable, A. T. Collins ; assessor, C. G. West. Eichland Township — Supervisor, John Davis; clerk, L. P. Davis; collector, Joel Jones; justices of the peace, Isaac Gilstrap and A. L. Chadwiok; assessor, Charles Rex. Grant Township— Supervisor, Henry Clay Dean ; clerk, J. N. Franklin; collector, M. H. Hargraves; justice of the peace, W. Franklin and John W. Forbes ; constable, J. E. Hamilton ; assess- or, S. Brown. Lincoln Township — Supervisor, Thomas C. Davis; clerk, John Linch ; collector, G. W. Cook ; justices of the peace, George Fisher and Preston Jones; constable, Jacob Stewart; assessor, Samuel Christy. Wilson Township — Supervisor, H. B. Keene; clerk, Will- iam Link; collector, Thomas Yaughn; justices of the peace, J. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 509 W. Patterson and W. L. Edwards; constable, J. F. Guffey; assessor, A. Lemen. Medicine Township — Supervisor, William Johnson; clerk, J. B. Fry; collector, Joseph Woods; justices of the peace, E. E. Lowry and W. P. Wilson; constable, J. M. Miller; assessor, J. J. Lowry. York Township — Supervisor, M. Rowan; clerk, Lee T. Rob- inson; collector, John Howry; justices of the peace, J. T. Scott and John Daly; constable, John Ogle; assessor, Joel Bridges. Union Township — Supervisor, John Wyckoff; clerk, F. M. Wells; collector, W. P. Hopkins; justices of the peace, James L. Tysor and E.G. O'Bryant; constable, F. M. Lightfoot; assess- or, Leroy Tysor. Sherman Township — Supervisor, Thomas B. Neff; clerk Samuel H. Gunn; collector, David W. Pollock; justices of the peace, Leonard demons and M. H. Harbert; constable, S. S. Torrey; assessor, Charles W. Martin. Liberty Township — ^Supervisor, John G. Speake ; clerk, Will- iam T. Bates; collector, William Woodward; justices of the peace, Daniel Matheson and John W. Mitchell; constable, A. N. Mills; assessor, Benjamin F. Hart. Jackson Township — Supervisor, Peter Greggers; clerk, George W. Houston; collector, Martin Williamson; justices of the peace, H. 0. Dickson and J. 0. Valentine. Politics Continued. — In 1874 the votes cast for the various candidates were as follows: Governor, William Gentry, 1,101; C. H. Hardin, 298; secretary of State, W. E. Loflett, 1,098; M. K. McGrath, 302; auditor of State, E. C. Hale, 1,102; Thomas HoUaday, 299; attorney-general, D. S. Twitchell, 1,102; J. A. Hockaday, 300; register of lands, Colby T. Quisenberry, 1,101; George M. Diegel, 301; superintendent of public instruction, John Monteith, 1,066 ; E. D. Shannon, 308 ; judges of the supreme court, Samuel Ensworth, 1,077; P. E.Bland, 1,072; Warwick Hough, 300, and W. B. Napton, 295; member of Congress, Ira B. Hyde, 815; E. A. DeBolt, 639; State senator, Ed. A. Perkins, 521 ; E. A. Holcomb, 887 ; circuit court judge, J. W. Henry, 453 ; B. G. Barrow, 611 ; A. N. McGindley, 349 ; State representative, W. M. Downing, 624; AVilliam Burns, 385; G. H. Marshall, 510 HISTORY OP PUTNAM OOtTNTY. 258 ; A. L. Gray, 209. The vote on delegates to the constitu- tional convention, in Putnam County, was as follows : De L. Mil- ler, 360; I. V. Pratt, 375; Westley Halliburton, 211; Hammond, 182. On October 30, 1875, the vote in the various townships in Putnam County on the adoption of the new constitution was: Grant — for, 19, against, 0; Elm — for, 98, against, 14; Liberty — for, 41, against, 2; Richland — for, 18, against, 11; Lincoln — for, 21, against, 87 ; Union — for, 39, against, 58 ; Wilson — for, 10, against, 5; Sherman — for, 10, against, 25; Medicine — for, 29, against, ; York — for, 58, against, 1 ; Jackson — for, 7, against, 18 ; total — for, 350, against, 171. In this congressional district the majorities for the new constitution were: In Putnam, 179; Grundy, 414; Mercer, 236; Chariton, 1,317; Sullivan, 233; Linn, 264 ; Harrison, 579 ; Livingston, 677 ; total majority in the district, 3,899. Under this new constitution the sixth senatorial district comprised Putnam, Sullivan, Linn and Chariton. In 1876 the vote for president was: Rutherford B. Hayes, 1,478, Samuel J. Tilden, 809; for Governor, G. A. Finkelnburg, 1,493; John S.Phelps, 816; congressman, H. M. Pollard, 1,480; R. A. De Bolt, 830; representative, A. D. Christy, 890; H. D. Marshall, 821. The majority in the Tenth District for H. N. Pollard, for Congress, was 779. In the election on November 5, 1878, there were cast for judges of the supreme court: Alex- ander F. Denny (Republican), 1,050; A. L. Gilstrap (National), 800; E. H. Norton (Democrat), 437; superintendent of public instruction, Roderick Baldwin (Republican), 1,054; R. D. Shannon (Democrat), 436; B. R. Booth (National), 721; register of public lands, William N. Norville (Republican), 1,052; A. W. St. John (National), 798; James E. McHenry (Democrat), 437; member of Congress, D. M. Draper (Republican), 1,027; John M. Loudon (National), 872 ; W. H. Hatch (Democrat) , 370. Draper received in the district 4,578; Loudon, 10,507; Hatch, 12,463. For State senator, L. T. Hatfield received 1,078 votes, O. P. Phil- lips, 778; and A. Mackay, Sr., 421. Circuit court judge, James L. Berry, received 1,083, and Andrew Ellison, 1,094 votes; State representative, H. B. Powers, 1,078; A. L. Gray, 1,127. A proposed constitutional amendment to Article VIII, of the constitution, providing for a poll tax of $1, the pro- STATE OP MISSOURI. 511 ceeds of which was to be applied to the school fund, was Toted for. In Putnam County it received twenty-two votes, while 2,088 votes were cast against it. In the entire State the vote stood for the amendment, 30,035; against it, 249,983. At this election Putnam County was a part of the Twelfth Congress- ional District, the other counties placed therein by the laws of 1877 being Adair, Clark, Knox, Lewis, Macon, Marion, Scot- land, Schuyler and Shelby. The vote in 1880 for President was: James A. Garfield, 1,513; Winfield S. Hancock, 725; J. B. Weaver, 424; for Gov- ernor— -Patrick Dyer, 1,509; T. T. Crittenden, 728; L. A. Brown, 424; member of Congress — J. M. Loudon, 1,832; W. H. Hatch, 728. Adair was the only other county that gave a majority for Loudon — -680. Hatch's majority in the district was 1,693. For judge of the Twenty-seventh Judicial Circuit the vote was : H. F. Millan, 1,617; Andrew Ellison, 989. State representative — J. B. Harper, 1,475; W. E. Berry, 613; and D. E. Statton, 570. A vote was taken on restraining hogs from running at large, resulting in 591 votes being cast in favor of it, and 1,851 against. In 1882 the Twelfth Congressional District was changed in name to the First, the counties composing it remaining the same. The congressional vote of the first district in 1882 was as fol- lows: 00TJNTIE3. DEMOOKAT. IND. DEMOCRAT. W. H. Hatch. Glover. Adair 1,314 1,701 Macon 2,450 1,605 Shelby 1,476 1,304 Lewis 1,523 1,172 Clark ' 1,665 609 Schuyler 1,031 949 Putnam 762 1,306 Marion (Hatch's majority) 3,223 Knox (Hatch's majority) 642 .... Scotland Official returns gave Hatch, 16,243; Glover, 11,407; Leavitt, 667. July 23, 1884, the Republicans met at the court-house in Unionville to organize a Blaine and Logan club. On permanent organization A. D. Christy was chosen president; F. A. Burns, 612 HlSTOEY OF PUTNAM CODNTt. vice president; L. P. Eoberts, secretary; H. A. Sumner, assist- ant secretary ; J. W. Pulliam, treasurer ; and S. B. Davidson, ser- geant-at-arms. The committee on uniforms were G. W. Porter, G. N. Stille, J. T. Miller, A. J. Williams and F. A. Burns. Following is the presidential vote for 1884: James G. Blaine, 1,835; Grover Cleveland, 934; John P. St. John, 4; total, 2,773. Governor, Nicholas Ford, 1,914; John S. Marmaduke, 697; John A. Brooks, 29. Members of Congress, A. L. Gray, 1,681 ; W. H. Hatch, 990. State senator. Fifth District, Wesley A. Jacobs, 1,821 ; J. B. Freeman, 19. Kepresentative, Harvey B. Powers, 1,698 ; Will- iam E. Berry, 1,104. Sheriff, Samuel H. Newell, 1,441; George W. Jordan, 1,322. Prosecuting attorney, Thomas Berry, 1,842. Treasurer, John F. Guffey, 1,691; Dade Johnson, 1,126. Sur- veyor, L. S. McCutehen, 1,882. Public administrator, John S. Hart, 1,840. Coroner, H. N. Webb, 1,774. For restraining hogs from running at large, 1,239; against, 1,413. For constitutional amendment concerning the judicial department, yes, 384; no, 1,463 ; for constitutional amendment concerning revenue and tax- ation, yes, 1,270; no, 760. October 6, 1885, an election was held on the hog law, result- ing as follows: TOWNSHIPS. For the Against the Law. Law. Union 208 44 Lincoln 96 51 Grant 24 52 Liberty 90 73 Sherman 97 27 Medicine 105 20 York 171 18 Wilson 77 23 Richland 48 58 Jackson .' 62 56 Elm 180 168 Total 1,108 590 Following is the result of the election held in November, 1886: Judge of the supreme court, J. K. Cravens (Republican), 1,577; Theodore Brace (Democrat), 1,046. Railroad commis- sioner, G. W. Hitchins, 1,577; J. D. Breathitt, 1,045. State superintendent of schools, Ethan A. Cochran, 1,573; W. E. Cole- man, 1,048. Member pf Congress, W. P. Harrison (Republican), STATE Ot MiSSOUEi. 613 1,476; W. H. Hatch (Democrat), 1,119; in the entire district Harrison received 14,445 votes; and Hatch, 17,323. State rep- resentative, H. B. Powers, 1,386; A. W. Geeslin, 1,209. Judge of the twenty-seventh judicial circuit, Edward Higbee, 1,403; Andrew Ellison, 1,209. Duty of School Commissioner. — At this election an impor- tant change was proposed with regard to the duties of the county commissioner of schools, the proposition being that he should receive, in addition to his regular fees, which amount to about $200 per annum, |8 per annum as salary for each organized school district in the county, and that he should devote his entire time to the interests of the common schools of the county, visit- ing the schools, collecting and imparting information upon edu- cational topics, holding institutes, delivering lectures, etc. This proposed salutary change was defeated by a vote of 132 for it to 2,134 against it. The vote on the proposed constitutional amend- ment was, for it, 669; against it, 1,539. This constitutional amendment provided that the county court should be aujihorized to levy 15 cents on the $100 valuation for road and bridge purposes, in addition to the amount authorized to be levied pre- viously. Population. — The population of Putnam County, as revealed by the various census reports since its organization, has been as follows: In 1850, 1,657; 1860, 9,208, of which 31 were slaves; 1870, 11,217;. 1880, 13,555. By townships the population of the county in 1870 and 1880 was as follows: TOWNSHIPS. 1870. 1880. Grant 638 703 Liberty 1,174 1,407 Elm 1,640 3,373 Lincoln 1,057 1,336 Richland 730 785 Union 3,053 1,777 Wilson 785 Jackson 700 1,006 Sherman 967 1,058 York 1,464 1,374 Medicine 665 783 Total 11,058 13,386 The discrepancies between these returns and the general returns can not now be discovered ; but the above figures show very nearly the proportionate population of each township. 514 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Taxation. — The taxable property of tlie county in 1860 was as follows: Polls, 1,492; acres of land assessed, 277,253; vahia- tionof same, $1,063,828; town lots, 266, value, $30,590; slaves, 31, value, $15,350; personal property, $249,011; money, bonds, etc., $70,194. In 1865, the following statistics refer to the same facts: Polls, 815; acres of land, 313,498, value, $795,105; lots, 415; personal property, $280,440; moneys, bonds, etc., $31,895. In 1870, acres of land, 325,736.15, value, $1,600,855; lots, 593, value, $59,620; personal property, $907,903; total valuation, $2,568,378; taxes. State, $6,420.93; State interest tax, $6,420.93; county tax, $12,841.86. In 1880, acres of land, 331,518.15, value, $1,173,770; town lots, 1,020, value, $95,620; personal property, $1,631,580; total assessed value, $2,300,970. Taxes, State reve- nue, $4,117.37; State interest, $4,117.37; county tax, $8,234.74; road tax, $1,919.18; railroad interest, $6,176.05; school tax, $8,487.49; total taxes, $33,052.20. In 1886, acres of land, $330,387.65; value, $1,343,373, town lots, 1,337, value, $116,646; personal property, $1,144,825; total assessed value, $2,604,844. The assessed value is somewhat less than one-third of the actual value. The personal property assessed was divided as follows: Horses, 7,666, value, $245,251; mules, 981, value, $36,260; asses and jennets, 29, value, $1,385; neat cattle, 33,063, value, $410,157; sheep, 12,945, value, $12,383; hogs, 14,634, value, $21,469; other live stock, 67, value, $650; money bonds, etc., $220,000 ; corporate companies, $40,000 ; other personal property, $157,270 ; total as above, $1,144,825. The length of the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Railroad is 18.78 miles; its valuation, $92,750.44; its taxes, $1,611.54; value of the Western Union Telegraph Company's property, $751.20; taxes, $12.94; total taxes for 1886, $34,231.64. Productions. — The vegetable productions of the county in 1880 were as follows: Buckwheat, 1,234 bushels; Indian corn, 1,695,441; oats, 423,011; rye, 17,639; wheat, 32,685; potatoes, Irish, 45,292; sweet, 443; tobacco, 34,143 pounds. Slaveholders. — Following is a list of the names of those who held slaves in 1860, together with the number of slaves each one held and the assessed value of the slaves: STATE OF MISSOURI. 61 5 No. of Value of Slaves. Slaves. MaryBrasfield 1 $300 J.H.Berry 1 700 J.M.Brasfleld 1 600 J. W. Eaeon 3 1,050 D. Halley 3 900 P. Jolinson 1 600 Preston MuUenix 3 1,000 Neal Martin. 1 400 E.H.Morgan 1 600 Benjamin Rose 8 3,600 John Triplett 1 700 D.N.Thatcher 1 700 Scott B. Wright 1 1,000 Joseph Wood 7 3,800 Total ... 31 $15,850 The Temperance Cause. — One of the most remarkable moTe- ments that have taken place in Missouri in recent years has been the crusade against the traffic in intoxicating liquors. In this volume the minutiae of the work that has been done can not be traced, but some of the salient features are here given. A tem- perance and reform society was organized June 26, 1877. A committee was appointed to draft an address for publication in the papers, the committee consisting of J. Rummel, R. H. Howey, John Cavett and J. D. Humphreys. A committee was also appointed to circulate a petition throughout the county against the licensing of dramshops. This committee was composed of Eev. John Cavett, E. Thornburg, J. Eiimmel, Rev. R. H. Howey, R. F. Little, C. A. Francisco, G. W. Barnett, J. B. Freed, Elder J. D. Humphreys, E. F. Martin, R. M. Brasfield and G. N. Stille. On the 3d of May, 1878, J. 0. Bontecou began a series of meetings in the Methodist Episcopal Church in Unionville, but, as the numbers attending were so large that the church could not accommodate them, the place of meeting was changed to the court- house. Persons of both sexes and all ages donned the badge, and signed the pledge, and the speaker thought that the Red Ribbon Club would be the means of crushing intemperance as Hercules crushed the serpents. A White Ribbon Club was organized Tues- day night, May 7, with officers as follows : President, Mrs. E. C. Webb ; vice-presidents, Mrs. James Turner, Mrs. C. A. Francisco, 516 HISTOKY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Mrs. "W. F. staples, Mrs. E. H. Howey and Miss Vina Freed; secretary, Mrs. L. W. Conger; treasurer, Mrs. H. D. Marshall. On Wednesday morning a meeting was held at the court-house, and a Eed Ribbon Club organized with the following officers : Pres- ident, James Turner ; vice-presidents, Thomas King, Ira D. Noggle and G. W. Barnett; secretary, E. F. Little; treasurer, J. Eum- mel. Two committees, one on finance and an executive com- mittee, were appointed, the latter being instructed to secure suit- able rooms for the use of the club; nearly 350 persons signed the pledge, and Mr. Bontecou delivered the management of the club's affairs into the hands of James Turner. A business meeting of the Eed Eibbon Club was held at the court-house, May 9, 1878, at which it was reported that Ira D. Noggle's building on the south side of the square had been rented and furnished by the executive committee. At a mass meeting held at the court-house, Monday, May 13, 1878, "teams" were appointed to address the people on the subject of temperance on the 19th of the month at various places in the county, as at Union Church, Stringtown school-house and the Bradshaw school- house, and on Saturday the 11th, the first business meeting of the White Eibbon Club was held, at which a visiting and an ex- ecutive committee were appointed, and also a committee on enter- tainment. A Blue Eibbon Club was also organized, consisting of about fifty members. At Union Church 126 members joined an organization; at Bradshaw school-house only a few joined on account of a misun- derstanding as to the place of meeting. At Stringtown school- house the team sent there found an obstacle in the way of an anterior organization known as the Howland Eed Eibbon Club. At the Vaughn school-house, on May 26, seventy-seven joined ; at Hartford, on the same day, seventy joined; and appointments were made by James Turner, president of the Unionville Eed Eibbon Eeform Club for June 2, at Hartford and at Davis school- house. On the 27th of May it was decided to have a grand Fourth of July celebration, and to invite to Unionville all the Eed, White and Blue Eibbon Clubs in the county. The commit- tee to arrange a programme for the celebration was composed of H. N. Webb, J. F. Frankey, G. W. Barnett, C. F. Tysor, John STATE OF MISSOUEI. 517 Pape and James Turner. " Teams " were appointed to address the people of the county as follows; at the Vaughn school-house June 2 ; Hartford, June 2 ; the Davis school -house, June 9 ; the MoKinley school-house, June 9; and at Mount Zion Church, June 9. At the latter place 198 members joined, and at the Davis school-house, eighty-three. The Fourth of July celebration thus prepared for was a grand success. There were about 6,000 people present, and an old fashioned barbecue was one of its most interesting features. The celebration was held in Helferstine's grove east of the city. The 4th that year was on Thursday, and the beef was put over the fire on Tuesday the 2d, and not taken off until the morning of the 4th. Besides the ox, five hogs and five sheep were also slaughtered to feed the multitude. By 8 o'clock the town was full of people. James Turner, as grand marshal of the day, was as much of a success as was the celebration itself. Mrs. G. C. Coop represented the Goddess of Liberty, and Tom Trew represented Uncle Sam. Thirty-eight young ladies in white, on horseback, represented the thirty-eight States of the Union, and in the procession, which was led by the Unionville Red Ribbon Club, these thirty-eight young ladies were followed by about 300 ladies and gentlemen on horseback. Then fol- lowed a band of " earthquakes," then the Stringtown Club, the Union Temperance and Reform Club, the Union Church delega- tion, bearing banners which attracted a great deal of attention. Delegations from many of the recently formed clubs then fol- lowed, the entire procession being three-fourths of a-mile long. At the grounds there was an opening song sung by the choir, followed by prayer by Rev. I. N. Berry. The Declaration of Independence was then read by John Pickering, and S. S. Ford delivered the opening oration, and was followed by G. W. Barnett, who delivered the principal oration of the day. Dinner soon followed, which was more universally enjoyed and appreciated than any other part of the day's celebration. After dinner came toasts and responses as follows : — Krst — " Dare to do Right," response by James Turner. Second — "Our Temperance Clubs," response by R. F. Little. Third — " The Goddess of Liberty," response by George Redd. 518 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Fourth — "Putnam County." Fifth — " Missouri," response by James B. Harper. Sixth — "Sociability," response by W. T. O'Bryant. Seventh — " Our Town and County," response by Judge Wyckoff. Eighth — ^" Universal Peace Society," response by Henry E. Davis. Ninth — "Evils of Intemperance," response by Frank O'Eeilly. The day's festivities were closed by the performance of " Ten Nights in a Bar Boom," at the Bed Eibbon room. Jacob Eum- mell received that day 222 signatures to the pledge. Efforts in favor of temperance continued to be made with the usual results, but no very pronounced efforts were made after this grand celebration until in the spring of 1887. The temperance people in the State had succeeded in getting the Legislature to pass a local option law, which was approved by the Governor, April 7, 1887. A movement was commenced in Unionville, about the 1st of April, looking to the entire suppression of the liquor traffic by license within the county. Lafayette Hughes and Milo P. Ward, the " temperance evangelists," were engaged for two weeks to labor in the cause. On Friday night, April 15, they closed a two-weeks' engagement in the Bed Eibbon cause, with 771 signers to the pledge. On that day an organization was effected with officers as follows : President W. T. Einker ; vice- presidents, W. H. Walker, F. C. Sickles and John Baird ; record-, ing secretary, G. H. Gardner ; assistant recording secretary. Miss Effie Marshall ; financial secretary, A. J. Bennett ; treasurer, John Scannell; sergeant-at-arms, H. C. Payton; marshals, Isaac Yount and Sol. Korns; steward, J. N. Comstock; chorister, Dr. W. L. Downing; organist, Mrs. Maud Whitmore; assistant organist. Miss Helen Elson; executive committee, J. W. Brown- ing, H. M. Burnes, J. E. Burnham; financial committee, W. L. Downing, J. N. Comstock, Mrs. James Turner and Mrs. John A. Helferstine. Bed Eibbon Clubs were afterward organized in various parts of the county, especially immediately after the election on the local option question, which occurred on Saturday, September 3, 1887, STATE OF MISSOURI. 519 On Sunday, July 24, about fifty citizens of Unionville held a picnic at Hardy's Grove, among them James Turner, A. J. Ben- nett, Frank A. Burns, W. L. Downing and F. C. Sickles; John B. dinger was elected president, and Frank Keene, secretary. Eighty-six signed the pledge. At the Gray school-house, on the same day, a crowd assembled, John P. Brown and Charles Hobbs made speeches, and thirty-eight signed the pledge. Rev. L. V. Ismond spoke at St. John, July 29, on temperance; Mar- tinstown Bed Ribbon Club was formed July 10, 1887 ; William D. Scurlock made a good speech, and 116 joined the club, and about the same time Mount Olive Red Ribbon Club was formed, speeches being made by Bruce, Sickles, Bennett, Turner and Rinker, and fifty-two joined the club. On August 14, 1887, the St. John Red Ribbon Club was organized with 147 members, and William Pollock, president. But the principal action taken by the temperance people with reference to the election on local option was on August 20, 1887, when a large number of gentlemen met at Red Ribbon Hall, in Unionville, from all parts of the county, to formulate a plan for conducting the campaign. This plan was formulated by a committee of ten, which was that committeemen should be appointed in each township to carry on the work, each com- mittee in its own township. The result of the labors of these several committees and others will be seen in the election returns below. At Central City a Red Ribbon Club was organized on Sun- day, August 25, with ninety-three members. About the same time a club was formed at Terre Haute with forty-six members, and thus was the work of campaigning kept up until the day of election, September 3. On that day, at Unionville, ladies were present at the polls, with hot coffee and lunch, to assist the voter in determining upon which side of the local option question to cast his ballot. If the local option law should be adopted, no saloon could thereafter be licensed by the county court for a period of four years, and no druggist could sell anything in the shape of intoxicating liquors for medicinal, mechanical and scientific purposes, but pure alcohol. Following is the result of the vote by voting precincts: Elm, for the sale of intoxicants, 520 HISTOBY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. 87, against, 142; Grant, for, 29, against, 26; Liberty, for, 55, against 46; Eichland, for, 51, against, 38; Stringtown, for, 53, against, 41; Mendota, for, 77, against, 48; Wilson, for, 18, against, 94; Union, for, 107, against, 215; Jackson, for, 51, against, 54; Sherman, for, 44, against, 52; medicine, for, 31, against, 40; York, for, 26, against, 104; total vote for the sale of intoxicants, 629, against, 900; majority against, 271. During the summer of 1887, the Unionville Eed Ribbon Club erected a fine frame hall, on First Street, nearly opposite the Methodist Church building. This hall is named the Union- ville Eed Bibbon Hall. It is 30x80 feet in size a'iid one-story high, and designed to be used for lectures, concerts and other entertainments. The cost of the building was about $2,000. It was dedicated on Sunday, August 21, 1887, by Rev. Mr. Ken- drick, of Burlington, Iowa, who, taking for his text the forty-fourth verse, of the seventeenth chapter of I Kings, " Behold, there ariseth a little cloud out of the sea like a man's hand," proceeded to deliver a discourse on the " Rise, Progress and Present Out- look of the Temperance Reform." In the afternoon. P.- 0. Sick- les delivered an address upon " Local Option," and in the evening Rev. L. V. Ismond spoke upon "Bible Temperance," after which the ceremony of dedicating the Unionville Red Ribbon Hall to temperance was pronounced in a very impressive manner. The officers of the Unionville Red Ribbon Club, elected on Monday night, October 3, 1887, are as follows: President, James Turner; vice-presidents — first, W. T. Rinker; second, P. M. Payton; third, J. M. Baird; recording secretary, G. H. Gard- ner; assistant recording secretary, Miss Carrie Stille; financial secretary, A. J. Bennett; treasurer, Frank A. Burns; trustees, three years, James Turner ; two years, A. J. Bennett ; one year, J. W. Browning ; sergeant-at-arms, J. N. Comstock ; marshals — first, J. Ed. Freed ; second, P. W. Kurf man ; chorister, L. A. Olinger ; organist, Mrs. C. W. Whitmore; assistant organist, Miss Lulu Griggs ; finance committee — George N. Stille, J. E. Burnham, and S. B. Walton; and the executive committee — F. C. Sickles, J. M. Brasfield and H. C. Payton. Railroad Matters. — The first , meeting in Putnam County, having for its object the securing of a railroad, was held at the STATE OF MISSOUEI. 521 court-house in Unionville, Monday, February 4, 1867. The special purpose of this meeting was to appoint delegates to the railroad convention which was to be held at Lancaster, Mo., Feb- ruary 20, 1867. The delegation to attend this convention was composed of H. L. Phillips, Jefferson Davis, Elias Covert, James M. Brasfield and James F. Beatty. A series of resolutions was passed, one of which was to the effect that the county court be requested to order a special election as early as the second Tues- day (12th) of March next, to submit to the legal voters of the county the proposition as to whether they were willing to author- ize the issue of county bonds to the extent of $115,000, to the Alexandria & Nebraska City Bailroad Company, or to any other company that would build a railroad through the county from east to west, at or near the center of the county. The public request was answered by an order from the court, at its February term, 1867, to the effect that the county take stock in the Alexandria & Nebraska City Railroad Company to any amount not exceeding $150,000, as might be agreed upon by the county and the com- pany, the road to run from the east line of the county, through or within one-half mile of Unionville, to the west boundary of the county, the bonds to be issued according to certain terms, the road to be completed to the west boundary of the county on or before January 1, 1870; all this, provided the legal number of voters cast their votes in favor of the proposition at an election to be held on the fifth Saturday (30th) of March, 1867. March 19 a meeting was held at the court-house, at which it was resolved that the county court be requested to appropriate $1,000 to make a railroad survey through the county; which order being made was afterward rescinded. Another company, the Mississippi & Missouri River Air Line Railroad Company, soon afterward proposed to build through the northern tier of counties in Missouri, provided the counties along the proposed road would extend aid in pushing the road through; and it required the county to appropriate $1,000, with which to make a survey of the road. But the court did not feel at liberty to comply with this requirement without advice from the people, but it did make an order that $800 be appro- priated out of the general expenditure fund for the purpose of 33 522 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. making a survey through the county by the Mississippi & Mis- souri Kiver Air Line Railroad Company, to be paid when the survey was completed. This survey was made east and west through the county, in July, 1867, the corps of surveyors being opposite Unionville on the 10th of that month. Further action by the county court was, however, delayed until December 30, 1868, when an order was made that the court subscribe to the capital stock of the Mississippi & Missouri River Air Line Railroad Company the sum of $150,000, for which subscription the bonds of the county should be issued on certain terms, provided that at an election held for this purpose a major- ity of the citizens of the county should approve of the subscrip- tion. This special election was held February 16, 1869, and resulted in 780 votes being cast for the project, and 540 against it. The railroad company failed to perform its part of the bargain ; hence the bonds were never issued. At the February term, 1870, of the county court, an order was made that the court subscribe $150,000 to the capital stock of the Chicago & Southwestern Railroad Company on certain con- ditions, provided the proposition was approved of by a majority of the citizens of the county, at an election to be held on Tues- day, March 8, 1870, no bonds to be issued in this case until the railroad should be completed through the county. The election was held, with the following result by townships: Elm — for, 93, against, 28; Grant — -for, 1, against, 48; Liberty — -for, 50, against, 50; Lincoln — for 88, against 32; Richland — for, 50, against, 8; Union — -for, 301, against, 35; Sherman — for, 19, against, 126; York — for, 12, against, 170; Medicine — for, 4, against, 84; Jackson — for, 57, against, 3; total — for, 675, against, 634. This road was to be a north and south road; hence it will be observed, that the east and west ends of the county were opposed to being taxed for its construction, while those town- ships through which or near which it would have run were quite strongly in its favor. However, although the people were in favor of the issuance of bonds, the railroad was never built. Another railroad order was made by the county court January 27, 1871, that the county court subscribe $175,000 to the capital stock of the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad Company; the STATE OF MISSOUKI. 523 road was run from Burlington through Fort Madison, Farming- ton, Bloomfield and Moulton, Iowa, through Unionville, and thence to some point on the Missouri River at or near St. Joseph, and also a branch road was to be built, diverging from said main line at the depot to be established at Unionville, and extending to the Missouri River at some point near Lexington, Mo., the order of subscription to be assented to by the legal voters of the county at a special election to be held for that purpose, March 28, 1871. At the term of the county court commencing May 3, 1871, the court subscribed to the capital stock of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company to the amount of $150,000, all of which sum was to be used to construct the road within the county, the bonds to be issued and placed in the hands of a trustee when the work was commenced. When one-fourth of the cost of the con- struction of the road within the county had been expended, then one-fourth of the amount of the bonds would be issued to the railroad company, etc. ; and, when the cars were running to the south line of the county, then all the bonds remaining in the hands of the trustee should be paid over; the work to be com- menced within six months from the date of the order of subscrip- tion; the cars to be running from the Iowa line to the south boundary of the county within twenty months from the com- mencement of the work, otherwise the subscription to be null and void. H. D. Marshall was made trustee for the custody of the bonds. A part of this agreement was that the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company should never make any consolidation with the Burlington & Southwestern Railway Company, by which the county of Putnam should ever become liable on any part of the $150,000 subscribed to that company. This subscription was made by the county court without submitting the question to a vote of the people. The following proceedings of the county court are illustrative of the experiences many counties have had with railroad compa- nies. Whereas, On the 4th of May, 1871, Putnam County, Mo., subscribed $100,- 000 to the capital stock of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, and pro- Tided for the payment of said subscription in the bonds of the county at par, 524 HISTOBY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. and $50,000 to the capital stock of tlie Central North Missouri Branch of said St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, and Whbkkas, Said county of Putnam has paid $100,000 of said subscription, and Whekbas, The said company has never issued nor delivered the certifleates of stock to which said county was entitled, and Whereas, Under and in pursuance of existing mortgages and foreclosure sales the tangible property of said company has been sold and transferred, thereby debarring said county and other stockholders from any rights or inter- ests in said tangible property so foreclosed, and Whereas, Although said stock of said county is valueless, in so far as the ownership and control of the tangible property is concerned, yet it is deemed possible that some compensation may be derived from a sale and assign- ment of said stock, and Whereas, Application has been made to the court by B. H. Bonfoey to purchase the stock of said county. Wherefore, It is by the court ordered that the stock of said Putnam County, together with the right to demand and receive certificates of stock from the officers of the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, be sold, assigned and transferred to said Bonfoey at and for the sum of $100; and that A. J. Williams, the clerk of the court, is hereby impowered to demand and receive from the St. Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company the certificates of stock as subscribed; and when received to assign and transfer the same to B. H. Bonfoey. But no svich sale is authorized until the officers of said railroad company shall execute and deliver to said clerk, for the use and benefit of the county, a written release, fully releasing said county from further liabilities on account of that part of said subscription, viz., $50,000, yet remaining unpaid. This $50,000 has not yet been delivered to the railroad com- pany, so that the entire bonded indebtedness of the county never was greater than |100,000. In August, 1877, Z. T. Brawfordwas appointed agent of the county, by the county court, to negotiate a compromise with the holders of the bonds issued to the St- Joseph & Iowa Railroad Company, July 1, 1872, and he was instructed to ejBEect a compromise, if possible, at not more than 50 cents on the dollar, and at no greater rate of interest than seven per cent. Under these instructions, Mr. Brawford purchased seventeen bonds, each for $1,000, with accrued interest at $500 for each bond. In February, 1878, he was again appointed agent for the county, to compromise outstanding bonds at not more than 75 cents on the dollar, and seven per cent interest. Under the^e instructions Mr. Brawford effected a compromise of $51,000 in bonds, and accrued interest, for which. May 1, 1878, new bonds of the county were issued, aggregating $41,820, fifty- jane bonds being issued each for $820. On the 6th of September, 1887, the county court having received a proposition from Mr. STATE OF MISSOURI. 525 Brawford with reference to these last-mentioned bonds, made an order which was in substance as follows: That this sum of $41,820 in bonds be declared subject to redemption, and would be redeemed on and after October 1, 1887, by exchanging said outstanding bonds for renewal bonds bearing five per cent inter- est, payable annually, or by the payment of said old bonds in cash at the holder's option, interest to cease on the old bonds October 1, 1887. In carrying out this redemption, $320 was paid in cash, and bonds issued, one half 5-20 year bonds, the other half 10-20 year bonds, for $41,500. The bonded indebtedness of the county is now, therefore, $41,500, bearing five per cent annual interest, and $32,000 of the original issue bearing seven per cent annual interest, payable semi-annually; thus the entire bonded indebted- ness of the county at this time is $73,500. A meeting was held at the court-house in Unionville, Novem- ber 11, 1875, at which Gen. P. M. Drake and Col. Henry Hill, of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad Company, were present. They desired to submit a proposition to the voters of the county as to whether they would consent to a subscription to the capital stock of said company to the amount of $110,000, to be paid in twenty years, eight per cent interest bonds, upon cer- tain conditions, one of which was that if the Mississippi & Mis- souri River Air Line Railroad, to which the county in 1868 sub- cribed $150,000 ' in bonds, should be completed, and the county have to pay that amount to that road, then this subscription to the Mississippi & Missouri River Air Line Railway Company to be void ; and provided also that if the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company should be consolidated with the Burlington & Sohthwestern Railway Company, and obtain the $50,000 not yet delivered to the company, then $60,000 of this subscription to the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company to be void. It was argued, therefore, that this vote, if cast for the proposition of Messrs. Drake and Hill, would, in effect, be to substitute a sub- scription of $110,000 for one outstanding of $200,000. The vote on this $110,000 proposition resulted as follows: Elm — for, 59, against, 89; Grant — for, 10, against, 28; Liberty — for, 65, against, 28; Lincoln — for, 38, against, 61; Richland — -for, 20, against, 58 ; Wilson — for, 1 1, against, 32; Union — for, 251, against, S26 HISTOBY Ol* ptJtnaM C0UN1?Y. 101; Jackson — for, 1, against, 31 ; Sherman — for, 3, against, 116; Medicine — for, 2, against, 85 ; York — for, 4, against, 155 ; total — for, 464, against, 784. The Putnam County Agricultural and Mechanical Society. — This society was organized in 1866, in obedience to a call made May 7 of that year, by A. J. Hoskinson, W. A. Shelton, P. Thompson, H. L. Phillips, Samuel Eoss, A. L. Winchell, Joseph McCalment, James B. Harper, Eeason Means, N. P. Applegate, Elihu Stewart and Josiah Campbell. The organization was completed July 3, 1866, at a meeting at which the following directors were present: E. Means, A. L. Winchell, M. H. Har- bert, John Wyckoff, and H. L. Phillips; John Wyckoff was chosen president; Milton Cauby, secretary, and H. D. Marshall, treasurer and collector. A committee was appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws, consisting of A. L. Winchell and H. L. Phillips, which was to report July 16. The first fair was held in October, 1866, commencing on the 11th of the month, and, while there were not many articles placed on exhibition nor many persons present, yet, in other repects, the fair was considered a success. O. P. Eeeves had a bee hive on exhibition; Capt. Morgan, a fine wagon, on which he took a premium ; Branson Eichardson, a fine saddle ; G. W. Warren, an automatic walking plow, and the dis- play of household articles and vegetables was very fine. In the afternoon there were some fine exhibitions of equestrianism by Misses Annie and AUie Eareckson and Miss Allie Applegate, which closed the first fair of the county. June 15, 1867, L. Clemons was elected president of the society; H. D. Marshall, treasurer, and Milton Cauby, secretary; John Wyckoff, A. F. Schnelle and James M. Crist were appointed a committee to secure fair grounds. This committee advertised for bids, but no purchase of grounds was made, and the affairs of the society were suffered to lapse until 1870, when a movement was set on foot resulting in the incorporation of the Putnam County Agricultural Society, January 14, 1871. The incorporators of this company were Jerome J. Petty, Eeason Means, J. M. Eareckson, G. W. Euth, Milton Cauby, Hiram L. Phillips, Alexander Elson, Fred. Hyde, N. P. Applegate, J. A. Cooley, D. Halley, William Casto, H. B. Keene, J. W. Haigler, William Johnson, Joseph Williams, STATE OP MISSOtJKl. 527 Edward Crumpacker, L. A. Clapper, J. H. McCoUom and J. T. Miller. The capital stock of the society was fixed at $3,000, divided into sixty shares. In the certificate of incorporation the objects of the society were declared to be the encouragement and promotion of agriculture and the improvement of stock. Seven trustees were appointed to manage the affairs of the society: Alexander Elson, George W. Euth, J. J. Petty, Hiram L. Phillips, Abraham Lemen, Joseph Williams and H. B. Keene. Fifty-three acres of land were purchased of John Jordan and Mary J. Jordan, his wife, for $848', being the east end of the south half of the northeast quarter of Section 34, Township 66, Range 19, the deed for this piece of land being signed by Mr. and Mrs. Jordan, May 19, 1873. The officers of the society elected in 1871 were J. J. Petty, president; J. T. Miller, vice- president; H. L. Phillips, secretary; G. W. Buth, treasurer; in 1872, J. J. Petty, president; J. T. Miller, vice-president; A. L. Gray, secretary; G. W. Buth, treasurer. About January 1, 1873, a fire occurred in Unionville, by which the books of the company were destroyed, and, on the 7th of the month, a meeting was held at which the following stockholders were present: J. J. Petty, G. W. Buth, William Casto, Milton Cauby, Alexander Elson, Preston Jones, Abraham Lemen, E. Means, J. H. McOol- lom, J. L. Brasfield, A. L. Gray, H. B. Keene, N. P. Applegate, W. A. Shelton, J. Lavenburg, and J. M. Eareckson. A resolu- tion was unanimously adopted to the effect that, as the books of the society had been destroyed by fire, the secretary be authorized to purchase new books, and that a meeting be held February 15, 1873. At the meeting of January 7, the following officers were elected: J. J. Petty, president; A. Lemen, vice-president; A. L. Gray, secretary, and G. W. Buth, treasurer. On February 15, the capital stock of the society was increased by 140 shares, making the entire number of shares 200 (|10,000). January 6_ 1874, J. J. Petty was chosen president; A. Lemen, vice-presi- dent; G. W. Euth, secretary, and Alexander Elson, treasurer. The same officers held their offices during the year 1875. On January 4, 1876, J.. J. Petty was elected president; George W. Buth, secretary, and Alexander Elson, treasurer; and on January 2, 1877, the same officers were elected for the ensuing yeart 528 HISTORY OF iPUTNAM COT)N*Y. January 5, 1878, J. J. Petty was elected president; William A. Shelton, secretary; George W. Euth, treasurer, and James T. Miller, vice-president. At the meeting held January 7, 1879, J. J. Petty was elected president; A. Lemen, vice-president; W. A. Shelton, secretary, and Ira D. Noggle, treasurer, and the stockholders resolved to sell twenty-five or thirty acres of their land, for the purpose of paying the society's debts. The terms of sale were to be one-third cash, one-third in nine months, and one-third in eighteen months, deferred payments to be secured by mortgage on the premises sold, and to bear 10 per cent inter- est, no bids to be received after March 21, 1879. On March 22 the bids were opened, and that of John Jordan, $240, for thirty acres, accepted, and a deed ordered made to him as part payment for the debt still his due. On November 10, 1879, a meeting of the stockholders was held to determine the question of trading the grounds then owned by the society for grounds more suitable for the purposes of the society, and the proposition of George W. Buth, offering to convey twenty acres on the north side of the east half of Lot No. 2, of the northeast quarter of Section 4, Township 65, Range 19, for the twenty-three acres owned by the society, was accepted by a vote of twenty-nine to nine, and, on November 17, 1879, a deed for the entire fifty-three acres of the old tract was made to John Jordan, G. W. Ruth acting as Jor- dan's agent, and a deed received from G. W. Ruth for the twenty acres above mentioned. The officers for 1880 were J. J. Petty, president; G. W. Ruth, secretary, and Ira D. Noggle, treasurer. January 4, 1881, J. J. Petty was chosen president; J. T. Miller, vice-president ; W. A. Shelton, secretary, and G. W. Ruth, treas- urer. January 3, 1882, J. J. Petty was elected president; John A. Helferstine, secretary; George W. Euth, treasurer, and J. T. Mil- ler, vice-president. January 2, 1883, J. J. Petty was chosen presi- dent; Reason Means,vice-president; John A. Helferstine, secretary, and G. W. Ruth, treasurer. January 1, 1884, W. R. Berry was elected president ; J. J. Petty, vice-president ; J. A. Helferstine, secretary, and Z. T. Brawford, treasurer, and the same officers were elected January 6, 1885. On January 5, 1886, J. J. Petty was elected president; B. H. Bonfoey, vice-president; J. A. Hel- ferstine, secretary, and Z. T. Brawford, treasurer ; and on Janu- atATE OF MiSSOUEt. §29 ary 4, 1887, George W. Ruth was elected president; Eeason Means, Tice^president; J. A. Helferstine, secretary; Z. T. Braw- ford, treasurer; Tom H. Jones, marshal, and B. H. Bonfoey, corresponding secretary. The track in the new fair grounds is very level and smooth. It was surveyed and staked by B. H. Bonfoey, November 24, 1879, and is a half-mile track of the following dimensions: Radius of curves, 185 feet; length of curves, 581.7 feet; length of straight stretches, 738.35 feet; width of track, 40 feet. The Poor Farm. — This is located on Sections 28, 29 and 30, Township 65, Range 19, the houses standing on Section 29, one mile north of Lemen Station. There are two houses, one a two- story frame with seven rooms ; the second house is about 100 feet from the first, and contains font rooms. The farm was purchased in 1868, and on February 5, 1869, an agreement was made by the county court, with James Moody and Isaac Campbell, to take charge of it upon the following terms: They to pay $2 per acre for the improved portion, and to be allowed by the court $1 per day for their time actually employed in resetting the fencing, and $3.50 per 100 for rails hauled and put up on the fence, etc. A. Lemen became superintendent of the poor farm in 1871. For the year ending March 1, 1886, the expenditures of the poor farm were:- Labor, |937.62; merchandise, |728. 21; total, |1,660.83. The value of personal property, March 1, 1885, was $1,241.85, and on March 1, 1886, $1,813.05; a gain of $571.20, less what was due on four cows, $62.50, making the net gain $508.70. The whole number of weeks' board furnished was 784, and the total cost of provisions, $400.64; cost per week for each person, 51 cents. The live stock on the farm, March 1, 1886, was, cows, 16 ; two-year-old heifers, 5 ; two-year-old-steers, 6 ; bull, 1 ; one- year-old calves, 13; hogs, 12; horses, 3. John Daly was hired March 1, 1885, to manage the farm, and is its present manager. The largest number of inmates during the past three years has been 13, and the smallest, 7. EDUCATION. School Townships Organized. — The first congressional Town- ship organized for school purposes, was Township 66, Range 18. B30 SISTOM OF PUTNAM COtJNTY. This was on February 16, 1847. The first meeting of the inhab- itants of this township was appointed for the second Saturday (10th) of April, 1847, at the house of William J. Cook. Mr. Cook was appointed commissioner of said township, and John L. Upton and James McCollom, inspectors. The township was numbered No. 1. On the same day it was ordered by the county court that Township 65, Bange 17, be organized for school purposes. The first meeting of the inhabitants was appointed to be held on the second Friday (9th) of April, 1847, "at 10 of the clock in the forenoon," at the house of George Moreland, who was appointed commissioner, and Lilburn P. Smith and John W.- Cheatham were appointed inspectors. This township was called No. 2. On the same day it was ordered that Township 67, Eange 17, be organized for school purposes, the first meeting of the inhab- itants to be held at the house of John Boggs, on the second Thursday (8th) of April, 1847, " at 10 of the clock in the fore- noon." Frederick A. Stephens was appointed commissioner and Isaac Newland and Eli I. Ayers, inspectors. It was also ordered that said township be known as No. 3. Also on February 16, 1847, it was ordered that Township No. 66, Eange 17, be organized for school purposes, the first meeting of the inhabitants to be held at the court-house in Putnamville, " at 10 of the clock in the forenoon," April 21. Clifford L. Summers was appointed commissioner, and Walter Crockett and William F. Lawrence, inspectors. This township was ordered to be known as No. 4. August 3, 1847, justices of the peace were appointed, one for each township, to ascertain the number of children in each town- ship, agreeably to the third section of an act to apportion the State school money equally among the children of the State, as follows; Cochran Township, F. A. Stephens; Liberty, William J. Cook ; Shoal Creek, William Cavanaugh ; Elm, David Snyder ; Richland, G. W. R. Ledford ; Locust, B. Helmick, and Medicine, James Valentine ; and on August 16, 1847, Section 16, Township 64, Range 16, was ordered to be offered for sale at the October term of the circuit court. February 5, 1849, Township 65, Range 17, was organized for Bchool purposes. Wilson C. Hamilton was appointed commis- StAtiS OF MtSSOtJBl. 531 sioner, and David Snyder and Wade H. Kerby were appointed inspectors. The first meeting of the inhabitants of this town- ship was appointed for the second Saturday (10th) of March, 1849, at David Snyder's house. February 7, 1849, Township 66, Bange 17, was organized for school purposes. The first meeting of the directors was set at the court-house, in "Winchester, on the first Saturday (3d) of March, 1849 ; Jeremiah Brown was appointed commissioner, and James McColIom and Stephen Jones, directors. May 8, 1849, it having been ascertained that the officers of school Township 65, Bange 17, had failed to act according to the order of the court, William Hurley was appointed commissioner, and Branch Morris and Wade H. Kerby, directors. The first meeting of the inhabitants was appointed for the second Satur- day (9th) of June, 1849, at the house of Daniel Sparks. On the same day. Township 64, Bange 16, was organized for school purposes, upon the petition of the inhabitants thereof, and Lewis Marshall was appointed commissioner, and James Cain and Jesse MuUenix, inspectors. The first meeting of the inhabitants was setior the fourth Saturday (23d) of June, 1849, at the house of Andrew Hatfield. June 23, 1849, school Township 65, Bange 17, was disorganized, the court being satisfied that a majority of the inhabitants did not in the first instance petition for it to be or- ganized ; and on August 9, 1849, Township 64, Bange 17, was or- ganized for school purposes, the first meeting of the inhabitants to be at the school-house near Peter Brownell's, September 15, 1849, and Bobert Burns was appointed commissioner, and Peter Brow- nell and Peter Shibley, inspectors. This township was re-organ- ized, August 10, 1850. William True was added to the above named inspectors, and the first meeting of the inhabitants was set for the last Saturday (28th) of September, at the same place. On September 17, 1850, Township 66, Bange 17, was organized for school purposes. Joseph H. Berry was appointed commis- sioner, and Sebird llenderson and Moses Summers, inspectors. The first meeting of the inhabitants was to be at Putnamville, at the house of B. M. Henderson, on the third Saturday (19th) of October, 1850. Apporiionment of Funds. — December 13, 1850, the school fund was apportioned among the several townships as follows; 532 HISTOEY OP tUTNAJt COtJNTy. Elm, $31.66; Liberty, $98.72J; Cochran, $107.60; Shoal Creek, $82.26; Eichland, $30.74|. June 19, 1851, the State school moneys belonging to Putnam County were apportioned as follows: at the rate of 93J cents to each child: Township, 64, Range 16, $36.36|; Township 64, Eange 17, $13.98f ; Township 65, Eange 16, $140. 80|; Township 65, Eange 17, $86.72J; Township 65. Eange 18, $91,384; Township 66, Eange 17, $95.11|; Township 66, Eange 18, $76.46|; Township 67, Eange 17, $70.87; total, $611.72. After this apportionment was made, there was left $1.23 J in the treasury, $1 of which belonged to Liberty Township. August 6, 1851, fractional Township 67, Eange 17, was attached to congressional Township 66, Eange 17, for school pur- poses. On June 12, 1854, the townships were numbered as fol- lows: Township 64, Eange 17, No. 1; Eange 16, No. 2; Town- ship 65, Eange 16, No. 3; Eange 17, No. 4; Eange 18, No. 5; Eange 19, No. 6 ; Eange 20, No. 7 ; Eange 21, No. 8 ; Eange 22, No. 9; Township 66, Eanges 21 and 22, No. 10; Townships 66 and 67, Eange 20, No. 11; Township 66, Eange 19, No. 12; Eange 18, No. 13; Eange 17, No. 14; Eange 16, No. 15; Town- ship 67, Eange 16, No. 16 ; Eange 17, No. 17 ; Eange 18, No. 18 ; Eange 19, No. 19; Eange 21, No. 20; Eange 22, No. 21. The school fund was distributed July 10, 1854, as follows, to the different school townships entitled thereto: Township No. 1, $78.36; No. 2, $21.75; No. 3, $62.28; No. 4, $82.50; No. 5, $317.44; No. 6, $6.06; No. 7, $52.06; No. 11, $53.04; No. 12, $118.54; No. 13, $233; No. 14, $250; No. 15, $128.50; No. 17, $40.18; No. 18, $116.33; a total sum of $1,634.11. On May 14, 1857, Joseph Williams, sheriff of the county, reported the sale of school lands at the previous term of the circuit court. Six hun- dred acres had been sold for the aggregate sum of $920, all at $1.25 per acre, except forty acres in Section 16, Township 66, Eange 17, at $5.50 per acre. Condition of the Common School System. — To follow in detail the management of the school fund would be impracticable in this work ; but its beginnings have been presented, and they will serve, together with the present status of the fund, to show its growth. From the difficulty in discovering data, it is also STATE OF MISSOURI. 533 impracticable to follow in detail the history of the schools in some other respects, but their present condition can be more readily shown. In a general way it may be said that the common- school system of the entire State of Missouri has struggled up- ward in spite of many obstacles, and through many trials and tribulations, one of the greatest of which in former years was that the Legislatures could not in anywise appreciate its value. Even as late as 1879 the State Superintendent of Public Instruc- tion felt compelled to say that the public school system was in a very unsatisfactory condition; that a great deal remained to be done which in his opinion could be brought about by a little salutary legislation, and by no other means. He had labored hard all through the year, attempting to bring order out of chaos. He had given the law a thorough test, and found it to be entirely unsatisfactory. The failures of the law were not accident- al, and they never would cease under the law as it then stood. The skeleton of the system was good enough ; what was needed was that muscles be laid on and ligaments attached. With reference to the county clerks, and the county school commissioners, the State Superintendent said that their reports were in such shape that even infinite Wisdom could not tell from them what was being done and how much it cost. In many cases the commis- sioners cast up figures, and stated results which were impossible, and absurd upon their face. But the commissioners were com- pelled to rely upon the reports of the clerks of the school dis- tricts for a majority of the items of their reports, and the average district clerk was entirely unqualified to perform even the simple duties of his office. The above remarks from the chief officer connected with the schools of the State were applicable, then, to most if not all of the counties. The condition of the schools in Putnam County, at that time (1879), may be inferred from the condition of the school-houses as set forth in the public prints. A writer who had been taking observations upon them said that the school- houses in many of the districts were in a dilapidated condition, about one in four of them being tolerably good. In five townships having thirty-two school-houses, eight of them were in fair con- dition, four of them well seated, three of them had apparatus, and 534 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. fifteen of them were a disgrace to the districts. The Davis school-house was in bad condition, the roof would not keep out the rain, the joists were about ready to fall, and the patrons of the school, at an election held May 17, decided they were too poor to build. Sherman Township had three good school-houses — ■ Unio7i, one; Lincoln, two; Liberty, two, and Richland, one. The great trouble was with the seats, but in some cases, if the chil- dren asked for comfortable seats, they would receive the answer, " When we were young, we were seated on one side of a flat fence rail, or of a split log." Twenty-two school-houses were then badly needed in the above-named townships, which would cost about $300 each ; seats $60, and apparatus $40, additional. Since that time considerable improvement has been made, and the progress can be most clearly shown by the use of the statistics embraced in the reports of the various county school commissioners. Enumeration. — Commencing with 1877, these reports show that in that year there were in the county, of white children between the ages of six and twenty, males, 2,508; females, 2,418; colored males, 1; females, 3. The number of white children in attendance were, males, 1,582; females, 1,496; colored males, 1; females, 0. The number of teachers employed was, males, 56 ; females, 49; and the average salaries paid were, to males, $30.59 per month, and to females, $20.08. The cost of educating the children was 7 cents each per day. The number of school - houses in the county was 84, and the value of school property, $32,090. The total amount paid out as teachers' salaries was $10,782.10. In 1878 the enumeration was, white males, 2,605; females, 2,428; colored males, 1; females, 3; attendance of white males, 2,063, females 1,951; colored, none; and the average number of days' attendance for each child was 53. The number of teachers employed in the county during the year was, males, 73; females, 53; salaries, males, $28.65; females, $21. The number of school- houses was 86, with a seating capacity of 4,356; the value of school property was $29,240.50, and the wages paid to teachers amounted to $12,255.07. In 1880 the enumeration was: white males, 2,482; female, 2,"382; colored males, 1; females, 5, The attendance was, males, STATE OF MISSOURI. 535 1,483; females, 1,409; and the average number of days' attend- ance for each child was 47^. The number of school-houses was 83, and the value of school property, $24,645. The school moneys were as follows: cash on hand at the beginning of the year, $4,150.36; received from State fund, $8,679.75; from county fund, $2,115.54; from township fund, $1,465.83; from district taxes, $5,583.59; total receipts, $17,075.27; total expenditures, $13,631.88. The school fund was, township, $14,985; county, $30,030.75; total, 145,015.75. For 1882 the statistics were, enumeration, white males, 2,678, females, 2,453; colored males, 8; females 2. Number of teachers employed, males, 56; females, 62; average wages, males, $26.50; females, $20; school-houses, 83; schools, 87. The school moneys were : cash on hand at the beginning of the school year, $4,938.24; received from State fund, $3,482.38; from county fund, $1,891.17; from township fund, $1,187.73; from district taxes, $9,807.88; from all other sources, $106.30; total receipts, $21,413.70; total expenditures, $16,375.25. The school fund was then: township, $14,995; county, $30,597.85; total, $45,592.85, and the teachers' wages amounted to $9,070.40. In 1884 the enumeration was, white males, 2,555; females, 2,407; colored males, 4; females, 3; the enrollment, white males, 2,139, females, 2,011; colored males, 3; females, 2; aver- age number of days' attendance for each child, 53; average num- ber of pupils in attendance each day, 2,392. The number of teachers was 87, to whom was paid $14,069.24. The value of the school property was $37,500. The total receipts during the years were $24,783.29, and total expenditures, $24,717.83. The school fund was, township $13,410.55, county, $26,712.96. .For 1886 the enumeration was, white males, 2,651; females, 2,434; colored males, 4; females, 3. The average number of days each pupil was in attendance was 60, and the average num- ber in attendance each day was 2,302. The number of teachers was 90; the seating capacity of the school-houses, of which 4 were log, 81 frame, and 1 brick, was 3,800, and the value of school property, $38,000. The value of school apparatus in the county was $744.11, distributed among ten schools. About 40 of the schools have outline maps, and about 6 have globes. The 536 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. amount paid out as salaries to teachers during the last school year for which statistics are accessible was $13,956.25. The total receipts were $28,801.42, and the total expenditures, $19,347.14. The school fund at the commencement of the school year, 1886-87, was, township fund, $14,372.03; county fund, $31,101.60; total, $45,473.63. At the last county school convention, which was held January 6, 1885, for the purpose of adopting a series of text books for the ensuing five years, W. R. Berry was chosen chairman, and I. S. Ware, secretary. The text books adopted were McGuffey's revised readers and spellers, Kay's new mathematics, Monteith's elementary and comprehensive geographies, Clark's brief, and normal English grammar. Sell's practical lessons in English, Spelicerian penmanship, eclectic bookkeeping, Barnes' drawing, Barnes' brief history of the United States, Townsend's civil gov- ernment, Steele's sciences and Webster's dictionaries. Buildings. — In 1878 or 1879 a movement was inaugurated by those who desired to see the public schools of the town placed upon a sound and respectable basis for the purpose of building a new school-house. The first election held on the question of bonding the school district for the purpose of raising the neces- sary funds was on December 30, 1879, when the proposition to bond the district for $8,000 was carried by a vote of 105 to 36; but for some reason this project failed notwithstanding the vote. On the 5th of April, 1881, a vote was taken on the question of levying a one and a half per cent tax for three years to erect a new school building, which resulted in 145 votes being cast in favor of it to 29 against. This plan was not carried out. A vote was then taken, February 21, 1882, on the proposition to issue $7,000 in bonds for the purpose of raising money enough to build a new school, $2,000 having already been raised by taxa- tion. This project was approved by a vote of 129 to 58, more than two-thirds voting in its favor. A contract was made July 3, 1882, with Elson & Waggoner to erect the building, to have it completed by January 1, 1883, the contract price being $10,883.89, Edward Clark, architect, of Ottumwa, Iowa, furnish- ing the plans and specifications. Subsequent to the election, by which $7,000 was authorized to be borrowed, another election J. p. SCHUSTEP,. PUTNAM COUHTY. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 537 was held, at which $2,000 more was voted by a vote of 186 to 43, and the building fund was finally composed of $2,096.97 on hand by taxation, and the $9,000 in bonds thus authorized; total amount, $11,096.97. The school building was completed as per contract, stands just across the railroad from the public square, and is a fine large structure, two stories high above the basement, and the pride of the town. Teachers. — Commencing with 1877, the teachers in the Union- ville public schools have been as follows : H. B. Davis, principal, salary $60 per month ; Henrietta Middleswartz, $35 ; and Lizzie O'Eeilly, |80. For the year 1878-79 they were George Eedd, principal, $50; Lizzie O'Reilly, $35; and Mattie Haynes, $30. For the year 1879-80 they were J. W. Veatch, principal, $50; Miss Mattie Haynes, $30 ; Miss Mary Brasfield, $30 ; and Miss Blanche Christy, $30. For 1880-81, J. W. Probasco, princi- pal, $55; Mattie Haynes, Mrs. Probasco and Mollie Eareckson. From 1881-82, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, principal, $70; Lizzie O'Eeilly, $35; and Mollie Eareckson, $30. For 1882-83, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, principal, $70; Mrs. Wart and Miss Mollie Ear- eckson. For 1883-84, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, principal; George H. Gardner, grammar department; Miss Mollie Eareckson and Miss Annie Tatman, primary department. For 1884-85, J. D. Brown, principal, $70; Henry Campbell, $40; Dora Hart, $30; Eoxie Hart, $30. For 1885-86, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, principal, $70; J. W. Jones, $50; Miss Mollie Eareckson, $35; Mrs. C. E. Ware, $35; and Mrs. Anna Williams, $35. For 1886-87, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, Henry C. Shelton, Mrs. Anna Williams, Miss Kate Scannell and Miss Mary Brasfield; and for 1887-88, Mrs. Kate S. Gough, principal, L. dinger, Miss Mollie Eareckson, Miss Kate Scannell and Miss Mary Brasfield. The indebtedness of the district is now $9,000, bearing 6 per cent interest. Superintendents. — The great need of the common schools of Putnam County, in common with other counties of the State, appears to be the county superintendency. A competent county superintendent would instill into the entire body of teachers, at their institutes, their examinations and their schools, a spirit of emulation, an ambition and an esprit de corps, which are now 34 538 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. wanting to a great extent, and which would result in an imme- diate and permanent advancement of incalculable benefit to the community at large. The county superintendent should not only be competent, but should be well paid; the present pittance of, say, $200 per annum, received for examining teachers, being no inducement for any qualified person to take the office. Institutes. — The teachers of Putnam County appear to have recognized in a practical way, earlier than those of some other counties, the value to themselves, and through them to their schools, of teachers' institutes. A county teachers' association met for the first time on July 28, 1866, at the academy building, in Unionville, for the purpose of having a public examination, of grading the certificates of the teachers, and to provide ways and means for organizing a teachers' institute. After the examina- tion was concluded, the association began the organization of an institute, and by resolution the association was changed into an institute. A committee of three was then appointed to draft a constitution and by-laws, the committee consisting of Messrs. Hyde, Milton Cauby and Miss Tennie Haynes. The organiza- tion then adjourned, to meet at Unionville October 3, 1866, when an institute was commenced and was continued three days. H. L. Phillips was president, and S. A. Culvert secretary. On the 5th of October, a series of resolutions was adopted, one of which was to the effect that the county superintendent should reject all candidates for certificates who could not pass a rigid examina- tion in all the branches prescribed by law. Good school-houses were called for, and the thanks of the institute were extended to H. L. Phillips, A. J. Hoskinson, F. Hyde, A. L. Gray, S. A. Cal- vert, Mrs. Staples and Prof. Little, for their valuable assistance. Of this institute, H. L. Phillips was president, and Miss Carrie Haynes and Daniel Carr, secretaries. No account of the second annual teachers' institute could be found; but the third annual instibute was held in Unionville August 31, 1868. Profs. Ferris and Nason, of the North Mis- souri Normal School at Kirksville were present, and, at the close of the institute, a series of resolutions was passed, one of which was to the effect that no teacher who absented himself from the institute without a reasonable excuse, ought to be engaged to STATE OF MISSOUEI. 539 teach a school. H. L. Phillips was elected president for the coming year, and Miss Anna Eareckson secretary. The fourth annual institute was held at Unionville August 16, 1869, at the school-house. H. L. Phillips, was president ; Daniel Carr, . vice- president, and George W. Dickson, secretary. The last three meetings of this institute were devoted to the common branches, object lessons and school organization, by Profs. Baldwin and Ellison, of the Kirksville Normal School; and penmanship was taught by Prof. E. P. Little. A resolution was passed in favor of raising the standard of the qualifications of teachers, and the con- duct of all who did not attend the institute was severely con- demned. Seventy -five dollars was asked for with which to buy maps, charts, globes and other school apparatus. The fifth annual institute commenced August 29, 1870. The officers elected were Prof. Frank L. Ferris, president; A. C. Boner, vice-president; 0. F. Brown, secretary. On Tuesday, the 30th of August, the subjects discussed were mathematical geography, practical arithmetic and physical training, and an essay was read on school organization and government. On the 81st the subjects of elocution. United States history, penmanship, civil government, orthography, etc., were discussed; and on Thursday, September 1, mental arithmetic occupied the attention of the institute for some time. At the close of the institute a resolution was adopted thanking the half-dozen citizens of Unionville who had attended some of the institute meetings. To give a detailed account of each institute held in the county would be tedious, and, probably, to some extent unprofitable, especially as so many have been held even beside th e annual insti- tutes. A special institute was held, April 27, 1873, at St. John, by order of the executive committee, D. C. Eobison, N. Zeigler and T. Davis. The topics discussed were, "Th# First Day of School," D. 0. Eobison; "Elocution," H. 0. Shelton; "Oral Les- sons," L. T. Eobison; "Gymnastics," N. Zeigler; " Mental Arith- metic," James McCormac; "Advanced Spelling," D. C. Eobison: " Advanced Grammar," L. T. Eobison; "Longitude and Time," T. Davis, etc. Speeches were made by H. 0. Shelton, A. O. Collins and others. Another institute was held May 29, 30 and 31, 1873, at Hartford, of which H. 0. Shelton was president, and Herman 540 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Ellis, secretary. Among the teachers present besides these two, were Rev. W. E. Bates, Thomas Herriford, John Pickering, L. P. Roberts, G. W. Barnett, Biddle Haynes, William Holman, Miss Mary B. Earhart and Miss Caroline Loyd. The principal subjects discussed were "Methods of Diagraming," "School Gov- ernment," and "Teaching Geography." Another institute was held this year at St. John, July 25 and 26. Lee T. Eobison was president, and O. B. Foster, secretary. The subjects discussed were "Orthography," "Written Arithmetic," "Gymnastics," "Elocution," "United States History," "Mental Arithmetic," "Elementary Sounds," "Primary Geography," and "Advanced Grammar." The eighth annual institute was held at Millersburg, in September of this year, H. C. Shelton being president, and G. W. Cook, secretary. The subjects discussed were, of course, from the necessities of the case, the same or similar to those enumer- ated above, as was also the case for the next succeeding years. The first normal institute ever held in Putnam County was held in Unionville, commencing August 4, 1879, and continuing two weeks. Prof. J. W. Veatch, principal of the Unionville schools, was the conductor of the institute. A lecture on "Digestion" was delivered before the teachers, by Dr. Pineo, and the workers in the institute belonging in Unionville were Mattie L. Haynes, L. Blanche Christy, Lydia Freed, Lorenzo Jones, W. H. McClure, N. J. Bradley, J. W. Drury and Fannie Eummel ; Xenia, J. W. Probasco and W. H. Campbell; Livonia, James Bragg; Omaha, William T. Greene and J. S. Greene; Terre Haute, N. Zeigler and Minnie Wolgamott; Pleasant Home, Mol- lie Brasfield ; Livingston, Iowa, Helen E. Wood ; and Exline, Iowa, Mrs. E. L. Conger. On February 4 and 5, 1881, an institute was held at the Petty school-house, J*ames Magee, president, and John McAnelly, sec- retary, and on January 6 and 7 another was held at the Franklin school-house, L. C. Corporon, president, and Charles Magee, sec- retary. The instructors at the former were C. H. Magee, Albert McAnelly and J. W. Jones, and at the latter, Benjamin and Nel- son Franklin, James Bragg and Dodge Steele. Another institute was held this year, December 29 and 30, at the McKinley school- house, the instructors at which were James Magee, Eoyal Gar- State of missouei. 541 Her, A. S. McKinley, John Probasco, Benjamin Franklin, H. W. Berry, L. C. Oorporon, L. A. Olinger, Nelson Franklin, Luella McKinley, A. West, William Collins, B. F. McKinley, Albert Steele, Aleck Matheson, Willis Haynes, Prof. Hill, John McAn- elly, Dodge Steele, Mrs. Sarah Probasco, J. W. Jones, Quintus McKinley, John Carroll and H. Carr. On the 17th and 18th of January, 1873, an institute was held at the school-house at St. John for York, Sherman and Medicine Townships. On the 17th Prof. Bristow, of Princeton College, delivered a lecture on "School Gov- ernment," and on the 18th, officers were elected as follows: George Randle, president; Miss Mattie Galbreath, vice-president, and G. W. Shoey, secretary. In 1884 an institute was held at the Franklin school-house, September 22 and 2.3. Dodge Steele was president, and Benjamin Franklin, secretary. The instructors were Benjamin Franklin, Willie Pickenpaugh, Prof. Guthrie, Dodge Steele, Prof. Hill, N. A. Franklin, William A. West, H. W. Berry, A. P. McBl- hiney, William Collins and Charles Slavens. The last teachers' institute held in the county was at Union- ville in August, 1887. There was a large attendance, and much interest manifested in the work of the institute. The officers were: J. W. Jones, president; W. W. Boner, vice-president; J. W. Drury, secretary; H. P. Bruce, assistant secretary, and J. T. Dodson, treasurer. Prof. B. W. Pierce, of Green City College, was engaged as one of the instructors, and the names of those taking an active part in the institute were: Unionville — F. A. Weatherford, L. A. dinger, Mollie Bareckson, Jennie Howard, Jessie Ruth, Charles Wyckoff, Nellie Smith, Addie Thornburg, Perly Brasfield, J. W. Jones, J. T. Dodson, J. A. Smith, W. W. Boner, G. H. Gardner, H. P. Bruce, James W. Drury, G. A. Hill, J. W. Brown, C. R. C. Brown, Miss D. D. Burnett, Miss D. S. Burnett, Miss D. S. Eice, W. A. Bailey, Annie True, Mary Agee, Katie Scannell, J. W. Stewart; Hartford — Emma Hart, Ida Milton; Martinstown— W. M. Collins, W. A. West, S. M. Magee, C. H. Magee; Graysville — A. N. Geeslin, Mary N. Geeslin; Howland — Carrie Shipley, Emma Wyckoff; Terre Haute — J. A. Green; St. John — Lulu Martin; Omaha — Han- nah Green. An Incident. — The following incident is illustrative of the 54^ HISTbBt OF PUTNAM OOUNO^Y. early condition of tlie schools. In the winter of 1856 John S. Hart was teaching school in the vicinity of Martinstown. The house in which he taught was a log cabin, with a stick and clay chimney, and both house and chimney were quite open. When the wind blew strong against the chimney, it would fill the house so full of smoke that the teacher and scholars had to go out of doors. On a certain December day, 1856, the county school commissioner was expected to visit the school, and the teacher notified the patrons of the fact, and requested them to be pres- ent. When the fateful day arrived, the wind was blowing very hard against the chimney, which was a very discouraging circum- stance. The teacher, however, made a fire in the fire-place, but the smoke so filled the house that it was impossible to stay inside. He therefore made a log heap outside, set it on fire, and held school that day in the open air, where teacher, pupils and patrons were assembled when the high dignitary expected, arrived. The county school commissioner thereupon, instead of instructing the teacher and scholars upon their duties, and delivering a homily upon the great advantages of a good education, directed the weight of his remarks to the patrons themselves, upon the supe- rior advantages of a comfortable school-house, and upon the duty they owed to their children to provide them with such a school building. EELIGION. Methodism was introduced into Putnam County in 1841, but data with reference to its workings and success are so meager that no satisfactory account can be given previous to the split in the great body of the church in 1844-45. In this latter year the Methodist Episcopal Church South took possession of the field, and held it until 1852, when Eev. A. J. Wall was sent to Putnam County, on what was then known as Putnam mission. Rev. Mr. Traidor was the presiding elder. For some time the church suffered much from persecution, many times fearing attacks from mobs because of her devotion to the cause of human liberty. In 1853 Rev. Nathan Cordroy was sent on this mission. He was a young man, was faithful to his charge, and met with consider- able success. In 1854 Rev. John Carr came to what was then known as the Unionville mission. The troubles in Kansas, STATE OF MISSOURI. 543 however, gave the Methodist Church in this county considerable trouble, as its members and ministers were almost exclusively op- posed to slavery extension, and they were often threatened with being driven from the land. But, notwithstanding this, they remained firm and true to their convictions of right. In 1855 Rev. Mr. Duree came to the mission and remained through that year and the next. During these two years nothing of peculiar interest occurred except the continued persecutions above alluded to. Eev. Charles Hubbard was on the mission in 1857 and 1858, with Rev. John James presiding elder, and in 1859 Rev. L. F. Walden was on the mission. In 1860 Rev. Stephen Norman came to the charge, and " during the year there were many additions to the church, but very few of them were truly converted, and did not even retain the form of godli- ness, while they were entirely destitute of the power, and in con- sequence of this were of no great help to the church." In 1861 the great rebellion came, and the cause of Methodism in Putnam County went down, and every one went his own way for a time. While the clangor of war was heard in the land there was but little prosperity in Christian churches. Nothing of record can be found from 1861 to 1864, but in the latter year Rev. William Hanley was presiding elder, and Stephen Norman, presiding clerk, and some 300 were added to the church in the entire circuit. But few of these, however, were converted, which left the church spirit- ually-low. In 1865 Eev. S. F. New was on the circuit, and in 1866 Rev. N. Cordroy was appointed, and traveled two years, with some success in consolidating the work and collecting the scat- tering sheep into the fold. In 1868 Rev. H. A. Winn was ap- pointed as a supply, and, though young, became very popular. At the close of 1868 the circuit was divided, the Crabtree ap- pointment and all east of that being organized as the Omaha cir- cuit. In 1869 Rev. Mr. Winn was returned to Union ville circuit, and had great success. At the beginning of the confer- ence year 1870, Rev. Truman A. Hull was appointed to this mission as a supply, but in this relation to the church had great difficulty from the fact that many of the members had come to look upon a supply with an unconquerable, or perhaps cherished, aversion, and in this state of feeling made an unjust war upon the 544 HISTOEY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. pastor. Besides this, there was another trouble in the church. There was, the pastor thought, much need of discipline in the church, many of the members refusing to conduct their lives according to the strict rules of Methodism, and in enforcing dis- cipline some of the oflBcers of the church failed to stand by the pastor, as it was thought by still others they ought to do. On the whole, the work of Rev. Mr. Hull for his first year was a success, a protracted meeting of eleven days and nights having been held resulting in thirty-five conversions and in twenty-five additions to the Union vilJe Church, and twenty -five additions to other churches on the circuit. At the conference Mr. Hull was returned to the church, but found, at the beginning of his second year, arrayed against him an element composed, as he thought, of those who had been dismissed, and of others who feared they would be dismissed, because of neglect of duty. Scandalous reports were also industriously circulated against him, which were without foundation, merely for the purpose of weakening if not of destroying his influence in nearly all parts of the circuit, the result of all of which was that, at the first quarterly meeting of 1871, the matter was brought up and discussed, and, while some of the members nobly stood by their pastor, yet at the close of the discussion a resolution was adopted as follows: "That we desire the removal of Rev. T. A. Hull, because of outside influ- ences against his usefulness," whereupon he was removed by the presiding elder, April 22, 1871. He was succeeded by Rev. L. M. Bonnet soon afterward, who remained until March, 1872, when Rev. N. M. Enyeart came and remained one year. He was succeeded in the spring of 1873 by Rev. H. Deshler, and he in 1874 by Rev. Abner Orr, who remained two years, and was suc- ceeded in 1878 by Rev. J. G. Thompson; Rev. John Cavett came in the spring of 1878 ; Rev. L. T. McNeiley, in the spring of 1879 ; Rev. E. H. Brumbaugh, in 1882; Rev. I. S. Ware, in 1883; Rev. J. S. Wilson, in 1886, and the present pastor. Rev. Loren V. Ismond, in the spring of 1887. In February, 1869, it was announced that the Methodist Episcopal Church in Unionville was making arrangements to build a church, a committee having been appointed to draft a plan, and ascertain the probable cost. Progress, however, was S^TATE OF MiSSOtJEi. 545 not very rapid. The building now standing at the northeast corner of First and F Streets was erected in 18'/ 4, and was dedicated on Sunday, August 25, 1878, by Rev. Nathan Sumate, of Louisiana, Mo. ; Miss Fannie Eummel presided at the organ- The building is of brick, and cost about $3,000. With the lot upon which it stands it is now worth about $4,500. St. John Methodist Episcopal Church was organized about 1853, by Peter Duree, but who were the original members is not now known, nor much of the history of the church previous to 1876, when the building of a frame church edifice was commenced. This building stands in Block 2 in the town of St. John. This edifice was dedicated November 4, 1877, by Rev. Dr. Hall, of Quincy University. The cost of the church itself was $2,082.62, and on the morning of the day of dedication, there was still a debt of $685.37, and at the meeting, this fact being made known, $727.80was immediately subscribed. The ceremony of dedication was then proceeded with by Elder Boyle. The names of the pastors of this church have been Peter Duree, P. Strait, J. F. New, Nathan Cordroy, William Brown, Samuel Baker, John Cavett, William Stanner and John Kobbe. The present membership of the church is forty. The church building is owned jointly by the Methodist Episcopal Church, Baptists, Presbyterians, and United Brethren, the former owning one-half, and the other three each one-sixth of the property. As the Presbyterians have no church organization now, it is used by the other three : by the Baptists on the first Sunday of each month, by the Methodists on the second and fourth Sundays, and by the United Brethren on the third. The Crabtree class (Methodist Episcopal Church) was organ- ized in 1852 by Eev. A. J. Wall. The original members were John Crabtree, Avarilla Crabtree, William Shearer, Sarah C. Shearer, Mahala Davis, Jefferson Davis, James Barnes and Henry Barnes. This class met at the residence of John Crab- tree for five or six years, the residence being a log cabin. Later it met at what is called the Victor school-house, on Section 8, Township 65, Range 18. This class is now in quite a fiourishing condition. West Liberty Methodist Episcopal Church was organized 546 HISTOBY OF PUTNAM COUiSTTY. about 1856, the first members being Henry Smith and wife, J. A. Harbert and wife, James Lockade and wife, Thomas Harbert, John Bonebright and wife, George Goodridge and wife, Jane Dunn, John Newell and wife, Sarah Calpha, and others whose names can not be learned. This class first worshiped in a private house, and afterward in a school-house, and in 1884 built a frame church edifice 24-x36 feet, which cost about $800. It stands on Section 27, Township 66, Eange 20. It was dedicated in March, 1884, by Bev. John Curl, of Glasgow College. The pastors have been Kev. Messrs. Duree, Anderson, Hollingsworth, Cordray, Messner, King, Baker, Stanner, Cavett, Pate, and Kobbe, the latter being the present pastor. The membership of the church is now about forty -five. There is here a prosperous Sunday- school, of which John Bonebright is superintendent, and which has about twenty scholars in attendance; on the average. Salem class, Methodist Episcopal Church, was organized about the fall of 1872, and a church building erected the same fall, at a cost of $1,500. The pastors have been Eevs. E. J. King, William Stanner, J. O. Taylor, J. M. Pate, and the present pastor, Rev. John Kobbe. The present membership is forty. At the close of the conference year, 1870-71, the classes of the Methodist Episcopal Church stood as follows: Unionville class, No. 1; McKay class. No. 2; Mount Zion class, No. 3; Dorset class. No. 4; Koup class. No. 5; Locust class, No. 6; Mason class, No. 7 ; Good Hope class, No. 8 ; Guff ey class. No. 9, and Vaughn class. No. 10. At the close of the conference year ending March 31, 1887, Rev. J. A. Abbott, pastor in charge of the Unionville circuit, made the following report: Number of converts, 65; probationers, 54; united elsewhere, 11; baptisms, 24; awaiting baptism, 25; baptized and awaiting full connection, 15; sermons preached by pastor, 154; by other Methodist Episcopal ministers, 50; members at that time, 165; deaths during the year, 3 ; amount paid pastor, $435 ; amount paid presiding elder, $35; foreign missions, $7.25; Fairview class paid the largest amount, |117 ; amount subscribed to build church, $550, and the debt on the parsonage was $150. The Christian Church. — The Unionville Christian Church was originally organized about 1865, with about twelve or four- STATE OP MISSOURI. fe47 teen members. The families constituting this original organiza- tion were those of Joseph R. Stille, the Steeles, Agees, Apple- gates, A. Lemen and Mrs. Samuel Brice. This organization, however, was short-lived, but soon a revival meeting was held in the town which resulted in the formation of a church of about seventy members. Preaching was conducted principally in the court-house for some time by Elder John D. Humphreys, who was afterward for many years pastor of the church. In 1868 arrangements were made for the erection of a church building 30x44 feet in size, which was completed in 1869, and dedicated on Sunday, October 10, 1869, by Elder J. Walden. The build- ing is a frame one, and in its construction a debt was incurred of about $1,000, and at the time of the dedication a subscription paper was circulated for the purpose of raising money to cancel this debt, resulting in the raising of $600. At a concert and festival held Friday night December 24, 1869, $115 more was raised. Meetings were held during the week by Elder J.- C. Porter, of Leon, Iowa, but no one united with the church as the result of his efforts. This was the first regular church building erected in Putnam County. The trustees of the church at the time were H. L. Phillips, 0. A. Bison, H. D. Marshall, E. E. Harvey and J. Geisinger. Among the preachers who have filled the pulpit of this church have been the following : Elder Down, who was one of the very early ones ; Elder William Cowley, of Oska- loosa, Iowa, who held a series of meetings commencing Friday, July 19, 1867, and continuing over Sunday; Elder J. C. Sevey, of Iowa, preached occasionally in 1869; and others have been, Elders J. D. Humphreys, E. E. Harvey, S. H. Hedrick, S. B. Downing, C. P. Evans, W. K. Slater, and the present pastor, E. M. Smith, who commenced here in the spring of 1886. This church is now in a very flourishing condition, having a member- ship of about fifty. The first Sunday-school in Unionville was organized on Sunday, May 6, 1866. The superintendent was W. F. Wells ; secretary, W. P. O'Bryant ; librarian, Joseph R. Stille. There is also a Christian Church organization which meets in the Union Church, standing on Section 12, Township 66, Range 20. It was organized by Rev. John D. Humphreys, January 10, 1873. The original members were G. W. Warren, 648 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNT*. Charles Howard, Henry Bishop, A. N. Bradshaw; elders — Will- iam Bright, Henry Garver, James Wells; deacons — Elizabeth Howard, Julia Bright, B. P. Cook, Hannah Cook, Tempe CofPrin, Sarah Coffrin, Bmeline Lupton, Mary C. Cook, James Collins, Elizabeth Collins, David Parker, Nancy Parker, Anderson Hedge, Melissa Hedge, Harrison Hedge, Susan Lightfoot, Julian Chad- wick, Mary Sciphers, Barbary Bradshaw, M. J. Fife, Suilda Somers, Sarah Shoptaw, Barbara W. Bradshaw, Susan Hedge, Parthena Collins, Tabitha Garver, William Bohanon, Sarah Gates, Charles S. Martin, Elizabeth C. Martin, Warren Howard and Ellen Howard. The present frame church building was erected in 1876, at a cost of $800. The pastors have been Revs. John D. Humphreys, H. H. Rice, Mr. Estes, Joab Pad- gett, and the present one is Elder Bates. The membership is now about seventy-five. There is a flourishing Sunday-school in connection with this church, of which Mr. Bruce is superin- tendent, and which has an average attendance of about sixty. The Terre Haute Christian Church was incorporated June 12, 1874. An association had been formed previously, the first annual meeting of which was held at the Christian Church, June 6, 1874. The names of the incorporators were A. C. Davis, D. K. Trowbridge, William Parrish, A. D. Parrish, S. G. Barnett, George F. Stivers, James B. Fry, Edmond Cave, Charlotte Smith, Mary M. Wilson, Nancy Smith, Oliver Haight, J. E. Davis, Joseph Brown, Michael James, John W. Howard, M. V. Scovil, J. W. Baitmers, Catharine Trowbridge, Mary A. Davis, Elizabeth Barnett and Susan Trowbridge. This church is in good condition at present, with Elder Bates as pastor. A Christian Church was organized in 1857, by Elder John D. Humphreys, at the Koup school-house. Since the erection, in 1879, of the Union Church at Lemon Station, it has worshiped therein. This church was dedicated by Elder Slater. The present membership of the church is sixty-five. The Christian Union Church was organized in January, 1886, by Rev. J. M. Newell, with the following members: Henry Vermilion and wife, Sarah, John Vermilion, Hattie Vermilion, Sherman Vermilion, George Williamson, Emma J. Williamson, John Wiliamson, Fannie Williamson, Jane Walker, Jane Single- STATE OF MISSOURI. 549 ton, Frances Singleton, Abraham Good, Sarah J. Good, James Eichie, Susan Kichie, Mary E. Eichie, Annie Eichie, Margaret Kaup, Wallace Jones, Juliet Dickson, Thursey Dickson, Nora Kaup, Flora Kaup, George Taylor and Fannie Taylor. This society worships in the Union Church edifice, at Lemon Station. The membership at present is twenty-seven, and the Eev. J. M. Newell is the pastor. The original officers of the church were: Henry Vermilion, elder; Wallace Jones, deacon, and George Williamson, steward. The Protestant Methodists. — -The Methodist Protestant Church at Wyreka was organized in 1850, by Eev. Lewis Ellis. From a list of the names of the members of this church up to 1854, it is not possible to select the original ones. The first church build- ing was begun about 1856. It was of hewn logs, and the roof, gables and windows were added in 1858, and the door, pulpit and seats were added in 1860. The present frame building was erected in 1874, and cost about $2,000. It stands on the north- west corner of Section 17, Township 66, Eange 21. Part of the plat is in Section 8. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Eev. George Wells, in December, 1874, and the dedicatory prayer was oflPered by Eev. T. L. Jeffers, then pastor. The entire list of pastors could not be obtained; the present pastor, is Eev. Andrew J. Johnson. The church is in a very satisfactory condition, having about thirty -five members. The First Presbyterian Church. — This was organized in 1874, by Eev. E. H. Howey, with the following members: Eev. E. H. Howey and wife, P. H. Harbert and wife, James Boner and wife, and Mrs. A. L. Gray. The church was incorporated as " The First Presbyterian Church of the United States of Timerica," at Unionville, February 6, 1875, with the following incorporators: E. H. Howey, Laura E. Howey, James Boner, Mrs. Blisha Boner and Paul H. Harbert. A Sunday-school was organized in 1875, and on July 1 of that year a Sunday-school picnic and the laying of the corner-stone of the church occurred. A procession was formed with the Masonic Order of Unionville at the head, which marched to the church site, where the ceremony of laying the corner-stone was gone through with, and then the procession marched to Phillips' grove and held a basket picnic. The num- 550 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. ber of Sunday-school officers was 5, of teachers, 12, and of schol- ars, 109. The superintendent was Felix Lane; assistant super- intendent, R. H. Howey; secretary, R. F. Little; treasurer, R. M. Brasfield, and librarian, Clarence Conger. The brick church building, on First Street, was so far completed in the fall of 1875, as to be used during the following winter for church purposes; and in the spring of 1876 the plastering and interior finishing was done so as to permit the meeting of the presbytery in the building. The church was dedicated by Rev. J. W. Allen, Synod ical Missionary 'for the State of Missouri, and cost when completed about |2,500. Rev. Mr. Howey remained with the church until 1878, and, after a short time, was succeeded by Rev. Mr. Goodison, who remained from the spring of 1879 to the fall of 1880. After him. Rev. Mr. Rees served the church, and also Mr. S. D. Conger, who was not then ordained. After preaching a few months in the summer of 1886, Mr. Conger went to the Northwestern Presbyterian University at Chicago, to com- plete his theological studies. The church membership now is thirty-three. The first choir in this church sang for the first time, July 9, 1876. The Hartford Cumberland Presbyterian Church was organ- ized when Adair County extended to the Towa State line, on July 4, 1842, with thirteen members. It was the first church organized in the vicinity of Hartford, and about two miles to the eastward from the town. The original members were as follows : David Myers, Richard Humphreys, William Oglesby, James Cris- well, Margaret G. Allen, Mary J. Humphreys, James Humphreys, Katharine D. Humphreys, Sarah Humphreys, Lutitia Cochran, Lu- titia Kelley, Mary Oglesby, and Lucretia Myers. It was originally known as the New Hope Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Not- withstanding the church for the first five years of its history had considerable difficulty with some of its members, it grew very rapidly, having on July 30, 1846, 110 members, one of whom received that year was a colored man named Benjamin. In 1854 a frame building was erected, but at the present time it has no building, and the present membership of the church is only twelve. Pleasant Home Presbyterian Church was organized before STATE OP MISSOUEI. 551 the war. A frame church was built in 1882, 24x40 feet in size, standing on Section 29, Township 65, Eange 16. United Brethren. — Light Chapel, United Brethren in Christ, was organized in 1865, by Eev. D. E. Statton, with the follow- ing members and officers: Conrad Mullenix, leader; Eeuben Beary, steward; Isabella Beary, Flora Mullenix, Mary Beary, Margaret Statton, Ollemna Statton, and D."E. Statton. The first place of worship was a school-house, which was used until 1882, when what is known as " Light Chapel " was built. It is a neat church building, and its erection was brought about in the follow- ing manner: During the winter of 1881-82 an interesting pro- tracted meeting had been held in the Beary school-house under the direction of the Kev. G. W. Moore, the result of which was the determination to build a church. The house when completed was a neat frame structure 28x40 feet. It is located about two and one-half miles north of St. John, on a lot donated by Reuben Beary. Eev. Isaac Statton, of Lisbon, Iowa, preached the opening sermon from Matthew v: 2. The house cost $1,300. On the day of dedication, November 5, 1882, there yet remained a debt of $271.62, to pay which a subscription paper was circu- lated, and $351 was subscribed. This was in the morning. In the afternoon the dedicatory services occurred. The trustees consisted of Eev. D. E. Statton, J. D. S. Beary, Peter Bucher, Mulligan Miller and Charles W. Martin. The church stands on quite high ground, and from it can be seen about 200 dwellings, eight churches and seven school-houses. The present membership of this church is forty. The pastors of this church have been Eevs. George W. Moore, J. M. Husted, D. E. Statton, James Herbert, Jr., William J. Shanklin andlraMcEay. Graysville United Brethren Church was organized in 18(55, by Eev. William Shanklin, who was the first pastor. He was followed by Eevs. Alfred Minear, William T. Gray, Mr. Louth er, Alfred Minear again, and William Shanklin, the second, and several others whose names can not be ascertained. The present pastor is Eev. Ira McEdy, and the membership of the church is thirty-four. The church building is a frame structure, commenced in 1879, and dedicated in January, 1885, by Eev. William Beauchamp, presiding elder. The present membership of the church is about twenty -five. 552 HISTORY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. There is also a church of the United Brethren in Christ at Lemon Station, organized in February, 1886, by the Rev. J. Riley Yount. The first members were George R. Hatfield, leader; John McNabb, steward ; Josie Hatfield, May Henness, Kate Hen- ness, Mada Yount, Rebecca Yount, William O. Childress and Angeline Childress. Services are held in the Union Church at Lemon Station. The pastors have been Rev. J. Riley Yount and the Rev. J. W. Sickafoos, the present pastor. The Free United Brethren Church. — This is a new denomi- nation or sect, established in 1874, by W. H. McPherson and others, as will appear as this narrative proceeds. Mr. McPher- son, who was a member of the church of the United Brethren in Christ, and a minister in the church, withdrew his membership from said church, January 4, 1874, because that church made water baptism a test of membership; and also because it had bishops and presiding elders, considering the payment of their salaries a useless burden. He also believed the churches should select their own ministers, and that in general the church should be more republican in its form of government. On the 6th of January, 1874, aided by the instruction of Rev. W. H. Burns, he wrote the articles of faith and rules of government of the Free United Brethren Church, and on the 11th of January (Sun- day), 1874, Mr. McPherson organized the first class of the Free United Brethren Church, at the McKinley school-house, Put- nam County, consisting of the following named persons: W. H. McPherson, Nancy H. McPherson, Daniel Nape, August Wessell, Thomas W. Jones, Julia Ann Jones, George Orman, Sr., George Orman, Jr., Harriet Orman, Mary Jane Covett, Jane Morris and Susan Fisher. The first annual conference of this new church at the McKinley school-house, December 12, 1874, was organized by the following ministers: W. H. McPherson, W. H. Burns, N. A. Nickson and J. O. Curl. W. H. Burns was received on trans- fer from the church of the United Brethren in Christ, N. A. Nickson and J. O. Curl were received on recommendation from the pastoral conference. The number of ministers at this conference was four, and the membership of the church was then eighty. The second annual conference was held at the Shepard class. STATE OF MISSOURI. 553 Sullivan County, Mo., September 10, 1875. George H. Wilson and S. H. Shepard were received into conference, making six ministers, and the membership had increased to 124. The third annual conference was held at the Union Church, in Putnam County, September 9, 1875. W. F. Gray and M. C. Thompson were received into conference, making the number of ministers eight. The fourth annual conference was held at Mount Zion Church, Sullivan County, September 5, 1877. E. Vernon and B. Willis were received into the conference, the lat- ter, from his former standing in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mount 'Zion Church building was the first edifice of the kind erected for and donated to the Free United Brethren Church. The fifth annual conference was held at Fair View school-house, Adair County, August 29, 1878. N. F. Munn was received into conference on his former standing in the church of the United Brethren in Christ, he having been an elder in that church. George Shultz, E. A. Brisendine and B. Beck were also received into conference on examination and recommendation from their pastoral conferences. The number of ministers had thus in- creased to fourteen. The sixth annual conference met on the 4th of September, 1879. John McCallister, James Gladwell, John Willis and James Mest were received into conference at this time. It may be further and more particularly stated here, with reference to the doctrinal teachings of this new sect, that upon the question of water baptism their belief is that such baptism is not of divine authority in the Christian worship, but that since the advent of Christ, Spirit baptism is Christian baptism, and that the sacrament of the Lord's supper in connection with the washing of feet is the only visible ordinance of the church by divine authority. Classes in School-houses. — The various church organizations or classes of this denomination in Putnam County, are named from the school-houses in which they meet. The McKinley class meets at the McKinley school-house, about twelve miles northeast of Unionville, and has eight members. The Burns class meets at the Burns school-house, about ten miles south- east of Unionville, and has thirty-two members. The Andrews 35 554 HIRTOKY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. class meets at the Andrews school-house, about eight miles southeast of Unionville, and has thirty -five members. The Lone Star class meets at the Tjone Star school-house, about five miles southeast of Unionville, and has twenty -four members. Union class meets at Union Church, about seven miles east of Union- ville, and has sixteen members. Bradshaw class meets at the Bradshaw school-house, and has fourteen members. Haynes class meets at the Haynes school-house, about fourteen miles southeast of Unionville, and has twenty members. Clark class meets at the Clark school-house, about fifteen miles southeast of Unionville, and has thirty-six members. Button Class meets at the Button school-house, about nineteen miles southeast of Union- ville, and has twelve members. The total membership, there- fore, of this denomination in Putnam County is 197. In the four counties, the histories of which are contained in this vol- ume, the membership is about 750. The ministers of this church now laboring in Putnam County are Rev. Mr. Robi- son. Rev. James West, Rev. W. H. Burns, Rev. Mack Medlin and Rev. Silas Medlin. The Universalists. — The first Universalist Church of Put- nam County was incorporated March 19, 1869, by the following persons: J. Lavenburg, H. H. Earhart, W. H. Carr, Henry C. Shelton, C. T. Triplett, A. J. Hoskinson, Milton Cauby, W. F. Staples, L. J. Staples, E. L. Forsha, S. A. Haynes, C. A. Elson, J. C. Richardson, Z. T. Brawford, D. Brasfield, T. J. Hoskinson and Ira D. Noggle. Services were kept up for some time by this organization, and the frame of a church building erected, biit work on the building ceased, and the frame at length fell down, and at the present time there is uo church belonging to the Universalists in the county. A Universalist State convention was held in the Christian Church in Unionville, October 18 and 19, 1878. There were present Revs. Dodge and Mor- ris and Mrs. Morris, of Trenton; Rev. Forsher and Son, of Cin- cinnati, Iowa ; Rev. Samuel Newton and wife, of Grundy County ; Rev. William Livingston, of Galesburg, 111. ; Rev. Mr. Wilcox, of Putnam County ; and Richard Dornin, of Pollock. On Sun- day the 19th, Rev. Mr. Dodge preached in the morning, and Rev. Mr. Livingston in the evening, and the services were very largely attended. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 555 The Baptists. — St. John Baptist Church was organized July 29, 1865, by Eev. George W. Benton, with the following mem- bers: George W. Benton, Hannah Benton, John S. Benton, S. H. Gunn, Rosina Gunn, Daniel Torrey and Priscilla Torrey. The church building was erected in 1876-77; it stands on Block 2, St. John, Section 7, Township 66, Range 20, and it was dedi- cated, in November, 1877, by Prof. Hall. The erection of the building was the work of all denominations, but it is known by the name of the Methodist Episcopal Church, that denomination having the largest membership and the largest interest in the building. It is controlled by a board of nine trustees, selected, five from the Methodist Episcopal Church, one from the Baptist, one from the United Brethren, one from the Presbyterian and one from the world; and it is free to be used by all orthodox Christian people for religious services. The pastors of this church have been Revs. George W. Benton, L. B. Swallow, Elder Turton, L. G. Parker, and the present pastor, G. H. Gunn. The present membership of the church is forty-one. Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church was organized March 28, 1868, by Rev. Calvin Bentley, with the following members: Rev. Calvin Bentley and wife, J. M. Crist and wife, Mrs. Eliza Reynolds, Indiana Summers, Cordelia Dillner, Emily Albee, Angelina Wyckoff, Samuel Cristy and M. E. Cristy. A frame building was erected in October, 1882, at a cost of $750. It stands on Section 22, Township 66, Range 18. No dedicatory services have yet been held. The present membership of the church is thirty-six. Besides the first pastor, there have been with this church as pastors Revs. Peter Setters, Andrew Jackson, John R. Archer, and the present pastor. Rev. Zachariah Goins. Liberty Missionary Baptist Church was organized in 1870 by Elder Joseph W. Worthington, with about eleven members, as follows: M. E. Worthington, Leonard Ormsby, James A. Hin- ton, J. W. Worthington, Sarah Branscomb, Elizabeth Newman, Mary E. Branscomb, Sarah A. Moss, Phoebe Ormsby, Elizabeth Ewing and Martha Worthington. The pastors have been Elders U. H. Redding, J. W. Worbhington, James Holmes, and J. R. Archer, the present pastor. The Catholics. — Unionville Catholic Church was organized 556 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. some time previous to 1870, and a church building erected in 1871. At the time there were about thirty members, and the pastor was Eev. Father Kennedy, and in 1872 there were fifty members. Rev. Father Walsh came to this church in 1874, and Rev. Father Smith soon afterward, probably in the same year, and remained until his death, February 10, 1882. Rev. Father Carlin then came, and remained until November, 1882, and Rev. Father Victor in March, 1883, remaining until 1885, when he was followed by Rev. Father Hugo, who remained one year. Rev. Father Angelas came in 1886. The present membership of the church is about twenty-five, and they own an excellent piece of property in Unionville. TOWNS OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Unionville. — During the separate existence of Dodge and Putnam Counties, each county, of course, had a county seat. The three commissioners, Bronaugh, Munday and Rumjue, considered Putnamville, on Shoal Creek, about twelve miles east of the pres- ent Unionville, the most eligible location, and therefore selected that as the county seat. Putnamville remained the county seat from 1845 to 1849, when Bryant Station, otherwise called Win- chester, was chosen. Bryant Station was about fifteen miles east of Unionville, and was selected on the assurance by Archibald Bryant, an old settler, after whom the place was named, that there would be no trouble about Iowa gaining the strip of land then in dispute between Iowa and Missouri, and that therefore the " Sta- tion" would always be sufficiently central for all purposes as a county seat. When the strip was lost to Missouri, the county seat was again changed, this time to Hartford, about ten miles east of Unionville, in 1851, which remained the county seat until in 1853, when the consolidation of Dodge and Putnam Counties took place, and then a more central location than Hartford was necessary. There was considerable difficulty then in coming to an agreement as to the place, but at length the present site of Unionville was agreed upon and named "Harmony," to indicate that all differences of opinion respecting the location of the county seat had been harmonized. At this time there was no one living on the spot selected, and only one family living near, that of Hoi- STATE OF MISSOURI. 557 liday McCollom, who settled, in 1850, about one and a half miles southeast of the town site. The town plat was surveyed by L. P. Smith, Thomas Caul then being the commissioner of the county seat, and it included all of what is now known as the original town of Unionville. The first building on the place was one moved over from Hartford by D. N. Thatcher, in which he had kept store in Hartford, and in which he kept on keeping store in Harmony. The first building erected in Harmony was one by David Phipps, a log structure standing not far from the present location of Mar- shall's National Bank. Both of these stores may be properly designated general stores. Each contained everything that could be sold. Each proprietor built a residence near his store, that of Mr. Phipps standing near the present location of the post-office, and that of Mr. Thatcher near where Towne's hotel stood on the northeast corner of the public square. There were but very few residences erected in Harmony before the name v^as changed to Unionville, besides the two above mentioned. A. H. Weatherford built a bouse near the present location of Einker's livery stable, and James Goul and Joseph 0. Valentine each built a house. The name was changed by an act of the Legislature, approved Febru- ary 5, 1855. Sale of Lots. — Following is a detailed account of the sale of lots in Harmony, March 8, 1854: ,T ^ T> T, Number Number Price Names of Purchasers. of Block, of Lot. paid. JamesPowell 1 7 $2100 William Williams 1 3 18 00 H. P. Bray 2 2 45 00 J.J.Jackson 3 6 2150 O. P. Gunn 2 4 10 00 John W. Shelton 2 8 10 00 J. J. Braafield 3 2 3100 Thomas Caul 3 6 34 00 William C. Dunlap 3 4 10 00 Thomas Williams, Jr 3 8 33 50 A. H. Weatherford 6 3 3100 John D. Summers 6 6 37 00 David N. Thatcher 6 8 40 00 C.W.Leslie 9 1 26 00 Henry Smith 9 5 10 00 William C. Dunlap 9 7 10 00 P. H. Harbert 9 3 1100 J. J. Braafield 8 5 3150 558 HISTOBY OF PUTUAM COTJNTY. ■KT ~ J- -D ^1 „ Number Number Price Names of Purchasers. of Block, of Lot. paid. J. W. Bonney 8 1 45 35" William C. Dunlap 8 7 10 00 P.H.Harbert 8 3 10 25 HenrySmith 7 8 18 00 William C. Dunlap 7 6 8 00 C.R.Morgan 7 3 9 00 C.R.Morgan 7 4 8 00 P.H.Harbert 4 8 12 75 A.L.Hupp 4 4 13 75 David N. Thatcher 4 3 54 00 James Beard 4 6 35 00 Total amount of sales $638 50 Following is a list of lots sold in Harmony, July 15, 1854: Namps of Purchasers Number Number Prices JNamesot Purchasers. ot Block, of Lot. paid. Issacher Harbert 1 3 |35 00 James Powell 1 6 30 50 Josiah Campbell 1 4 33 00 A.W.McGee 1 8 30 25 Thomas Harbert 3 1 3150 Josiah Campbell 3 5 17 50 Thomas Harbert 2 3 100 00 Joseph V.alentine 3 7 43 00 James Mayfield 3 1 20 00 ThomasCaul 8 5 19 00 ElijahButler 3 7 70 00 William Smith 3 3 70 00 William Jackson 6 8 47 00 David Phipps 6 2 68 00 A.W. McGee 9 8 30 00 P.H.Harbert 9 4 33 50 P.H.Harbert 9 2 20 00 G.W.Taylor 9 6 12 50 JamesMayfield 5 7 34 50 JamesQoul 8 8 62 00 William Smith 8 4 60 00 James Goul 8 6 20 00 A. S. Runyon 7 3 13 00 David M. Key 7 1 16 50 G.W.Taylor ." 7 5 10 50 Asa C. Kerby 4 7 40 35 Joseph Valentine 4 5 13 50 M.H. Harbert 4 1 39 00 D.N.Thatcher 4 3 50 00 A. S. Runyon 8 2 40 00 James Harbert 7 7 33 50 Total amount of sales $1,079 50 STATE OF MISSOURI. 559 Location, Boundary, Additions, etc. — The location of the place is on the west half of the southeast quarter of Section 35, Township 66, Range 19, commencing at a limestone, 22 inches long and 7 inches thick, placed at a point 25 chains and 63 links north of the southwest corner of said southeast quarter of Section 35 on the subdivisional line, and also from another limestone, 22 inches long, 6 inches wide and 3 inches thick, placed 116^ links east of the other stone, and at the northwest corner of Block No. 6, in said town. All the north and south lines of the survey of said town are run at a variation of 10° east. Street " C" is 116^ links wide, and each of the other streets 75 feet. Blocks 10, 11, 12 and 13 are 73 feet wide and 240 feet long, blocks 21, 22, 23 and 24 are 225 feet wide and 240 feet long, and each of the other blocks is 240 feet square. The entire number of blocks in the original town is 24, Block No. 5 being reserved for the public square. The streets running east and west through the town are First, Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth, and those north and south, A, B, C, U and B; C and B being the west and east boundary- lines, respectively, of the original town. Thatcher's addition was made October 1, 1864, and consisted of three blocks, Nos. 25, 26 and 27, and in the aggregate 25 lots, each 60x120 feet, except Lot 1, Block 25, and the five lots in Block 27, all of which are 60 feet square. The addition lies east of the original town. Rice & Haynes' addition was made August 8, 1864, and lies east of Thatcher's addition. It contains 10.45 acres, and is divided into six blocks, containing in the aggregate 42 lots. Gray's addition was made August 3, 1866, by Mary E. Gray and A. L. Gray. It lies south of both Thatcher's and Rice & Haynes' additions. It contains 12 blocks, divided into 108 lots. Railroad addition was made February 14, 1873, by the rail- road company, J. W. Barnes, trustee. It consists of the north- east quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 35, Township 66, Range 19. First, Fourth and Fifth Streets run through it from east to west, Sixth Street bounds it on the north, and Mill Street on the south, F G and H Streets run through it from north to south, C Street bounds it on the east, and I Street oi; the west. 560 HlSTOEY Ot PUTNAM COUNTS, Thornburgh's addition was made February 17, 1875. It lies west of I Street and north of First Street, and contains six blocks divided into 60 lots. Olive Street runs north and south through this addition. Elson's addition was made July 10, 1876, by Cornelius Alex- ander Bison. It lies south of railroad addition, contains five blocks, divided into 36 lots, and is bounded on the north by Mill Street, and on the south by Elson Street. Bison's second addition was made February 2, 1881, and lies east of F Street, and south of Bison Street. Although platted as related above, about 1853, the plat was not filed for record until July 30, 1863, after the town had been Unionville more than eight years. Early Residents. — Some of the first citizens of the town have already been named — -David Phipps, D. N. Thatcher, Joseph C. Valentine and James Goul. Joseph C. Valentine was the first blacksmith in the place, and James Goul worked for him in the shop. Mr. Thatcher built the first hotel in 1856, which was man- aged by William L. Pope. The first drug store was started by" D. 0. Roberts & Bro. The first carpenter and cabinet maker was Joshua Wickham. The first court-house was built of hewed logs, in 1855, and stood on the spot now occupied by the Barnum House. The first county court clerk kept his office in his private residence — a log house. The first frame building put up was Thatcher's store, moved over, as before said, from Hartford. The first frame house built in the town was R. I. Noggle's, still stand- ing on its original location on Second and A Streets. John Jor- dan built the first brick house in 1856, on the corner of Fourth and D Streets. The first attorney-at-law in the place was Andrew Farrall, who located here while the name was Harmony. Robert Du Bois was the second, and then followed B. 0. Bradshaw, S. A. John and John A. Halley. The first physician was Dr. James Winston, who came in 1856; the second was a Dr. McGoldrick, in 1857, and the third was Dr. J. Goodin Hart, who came in 1859, and still practices in Unionville. The first preacher was Rev. Nathan Cordray, of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The first teacher was Mark West, who was a very fine elocu- tionist, and who taught during a part of the summer of 1856, STATE OF MtSSOURl. 561 in the court-house. He had about thirty scholars ranging from about six to twenty years of age, and the school lasted about five months. The First Birth and Death. — The first child born in Union- ville was T. B. Valentine, August 27, 1856, son of Joseph 0. and Mrs. Valentine. James Goul was the first to live on the origi- nal town site of Unionville, his family and that of Mr. Valentine living for some time in the same house. The first death was that of a child of A. H. Weatherford, which was about five years old, and Mrl Weatherford's death was the second, about a year afterward. The body of the child was taken up at the time of his death, and both were buried in the cemetery just southeast of the town — the first burials in the cemetery. Business Men. — Following is a list of the business and profes- sional men in Unionville as shown by the advertising columns of the Weekly Argus, then published there: Dry goods, boots and shoes, etc., S. F. Summers & Bros. ; dry goods and hardware, Howe & Crabtree; drug store, Don. C. Roberts; wool-carding ■ and printing establishment, F. F. Comstock; tin, stove and hard- ware store, Joel M. Shelton ; real estate agent, D. N. Thatcher ; blacksmith, Valentine & Cook; physicians, J. G. Hart and J. R. Stille; lawyers, M. L. Ford, E. C. Bradshaw, Halley (J. H.) & John (S. A.) and Joseph Wilson. Following is a list of the business and professional men in Unionville in 1865 : Dry goods, C A. Bison, Forsha, Staples & Co., Lavenburg & Brasfield; drugs, Lavenburg & Brasfield; har- ness shop, T. J. McCreury; jewelry store, C. A. Francisco; real estate, H. D. Marshall; claim agent, J. R. Stille; physicians, J. G. Hart and L. Brackney; attorneys, F. R. Kirkpatrick, W. F. Wells and A. J. Hoskinson. Hotels. — The Barnum House was opened in Unionville, by D. W. Woods, in November, 1883, over two stores of his on the west side of the public square, each building being two stories. The original number of rooms was thirteen, and additions have since been made, so that there are now fifteen rooms. Mr. Woods ran the hotel until about July 1, 1887, when he leased it to B. L. Burrill, formerly of Trenton, Mo., who took possession on the 11th of July, and is still conducting the hotel. Mr. Bur- 562 HISTOEY OP PUTNAM COUNTY. rill has renovated and partly refurnished it. It has always been a popular hotel, and now the rooms are in good shape, the cui- sine all that could be desired, and every reasonable effort is made to please the traveling public. The Staples House was started in 1874 by E. S. Forsha, and continued by her until her death, when Mrs. Staples took charge; it was managed by her until January, 1887, when it came under the control of Mr. and Mrs. E. F. Little. It is located on the northwest corner of First and G Streets, and is very popular with a large portion of those who patronize hotels. The Central House is also a fine hotel, located near the north- west corner of the public square. It has been recently refitted, and put in first-class repair. The proprietor is Mr. Francisco. Banking — Marshall's National Bank was the outgrowth of a private banking business started in 1874 by H. D. Marshall and L. W. Conger as the Putnam Bank. It was continued by them until 1878, when Mr. Marshall retired, and in 1879 purchased the entire business. In the fall of 1882 Mr. Marshall erected a two-story brick building 20x70 feet in size, in which the business has since been carried on, and on the 26th of October, 1883, Marshall's National Bank was organized with the following direct- ors and officers: H. D. Marshall, president; Neal B. Marshall, vice-president; P. E. Marshall, cashier; T. H. Jones, E. W. Mon- roe and E. J. Geissinger. The original capital stock was $50,000. The present directors and officers are H. D. Marshall, president; E. J. Geissinger, vice-president; Neal B. Marshall, cashier; W. A. Shelton, Jr., assistant cashier ;F. E. Marshall, T. H. Jones, E. N. Monroe, Neal Martin and Noah Martin. The National Bank of Unionville was organized April 3, 1883, with a capital stock of $50,000, and the following directors and officers: D. W. Pollock, president; William Bradley, vice-presi- dent; F. H. Wentworth, cashier; D. E. Statton, J. G. Hart, J. C. Martin, William Woodard, Peter Greggres, William A. Shelton. The bank is on the north side of the public square. The board of directors has been superseded by an exchange committee, and the president and vice-president remain the same as when the bank was first organized. Newspapers. — The first newspaper published in Unionville STATU Oi- MISSOUEI. 563 ■was the Unionville Weeklg Argus. It was started in the fall of 1858, probably November 20 of that year. Henry B. Ehone was the editor and proprietor, who conducted it till his death, which occurred January 15, 1861, of typhoid pneumonia. He was but twenty-four years old. His paper was a Douglas Demo- cratic one, strongly in favor of slavery, as the following extracts show: " The Democrats in Mr. Speaker Pendleton's district, in New Jersey, have ousted him from Congress, and elected in his place a Democrat. Mr. Burlingame, of Massachusetts, is also defeated by a Democrat. — Unionville Argus. " Not quite so much, neighbor, if you please. Burlinhame was not defeated by a Democrat, but by a stanch Union man of the Bell-Everett denomination. — Alexandria Delia. "It is all the same thing, Mr. Delta. Mr. Appleton was elected by a combination of men opposed to the re-election of one who prays for an anti-slavery Bible and to an anti-slavery God; and the triumph over the blasphemous scoundrel is an event which should raise a shout of joy among conservative men every- where." — Unionville Argus. After the death of Mr. Ehone the Argus was succeeded by the Unionville Flag, a paper edited by Joseph E. Stille, but no history or copy of it could be found. The Flag was succeeded by the Republican. The Unionville Republican was established September 11, 1865, by W. T. O'Bryant. A few weeks after the first issue A. W. O'Bryant purchased a half interest in the paper, which he retained until the following spring, when he removed to Illinois, and W. T. O'Bryant again took entire charge. During the summer of 1867 Dr. J. E. Stille purchased a half- interest in the paper, and placed it in charge of his son, Frank H., the firm being known as O'Bryant & Stille, which arrangement was con- tinued until August, 1870, when Mr. O'Bryant again took entire charge, and managed its affairs until July 1, 1871, when H. H. Hounson purchased an interest which he retained for two years. In April, 1872, G. S. Nicholas purchased a one-third interest, and the firm name became O'Bryant, Hounson &, Co. Soon afterward Mr. Hounson moved to Howard Lake, Minn., and O'Bryant & S64 aiSTOEY of PtrfNAM COUNft. Nicholas managed the paper until December 5, 1873, when Mr. Nicholas died, and his interest was purchased by L. W. Conger, cashier of the Patnam County Bank, and partner in the concern of H. D. Marshall. Mr. Conger placed his interest in the hands of his son-in-law, A. E. Webb, and the paper was managed under the firm name of O'Bryant & Webb until December 10, 1874. During this time the Republican worked in a measure against the interests of the Republican party, and in favor of the Democ- racy, one of the results being that the majority of Hon. Ira B. Hyde was only 176, in Putnam County, and another that several local Democrats secured county offices. In December, 1874, Mr. O'Bryant's interests passed to Clarence Conger, and the paper was conducted by Conger & Webb until March 19, 1875, when Clarence Conger sold out to O. J. Brown, a nephew of L. W. Conger, Mr. Brown becoming the manager. In March, 1876, H. N. Webb, of Hudson, N. Y., took Mr. Brown's interest, and in about four months Mr. Conger ousted A. E. Webb, and sold his interest to J. P. Frankey. Mr. Prankey made the paper thoroughly Republican, and succeeded in ousting H. D. Marshall and other local Democrats from office, and running up the majority of H. M. Pollard for Congress to 667 in Putnam County. In May, 1877, H. N. Webb took sole charge of the paper, and at once took an aggressive stand relative to the management of certain county affairs — a position which subsequently involved him in slight personal difficulty. G. N. Stille afterward assumed charge of the Republican, while Mr. Webb visited his former home in Hudson, N. Y., for the benefit of his wife's health, returning in November, and again assuming editorial charge of the paper, which he conducted in a conscientious and highly creditable manner, until his death, March 11, 1886, after which Mrs. Webb, assisted by G. H. Gardner, ran it until July 22, 1886, when it was sold to S. W. Birch & Co., of Hannibal, Mo. Mr. Birch had exclu- sive control until February 12, 1887, when G. N. Stille, the present editor and proprietor, purchased the entire establishment. G. H. Gardner is the city editor. The form of the Republican was changed September 1, 1886, from that of an eight-column folio to a six-column quarto. It is one of the best local papers in Northern Missouri, and has a circulation of 1,400 copies weekly, STATE OF MISSOUKI. 565 extending into the neighboring counties in Missouri, and the States of Iowa, Kansas, Illinois, and other States further east. The Investigator was established February 27, 1886, by James T. Miller. Its special purpose was to antagonize rings, expose shams so far as possible, dissipate ignorance and super- stition, and give the news. It was first published in the same office and upon the same press with the Unionville New Century ; but it soon required more room, and, accordingly, on June 25, 1886, a press was purchased, and the publication continued with George 0. Miller & Co., as proprietors. Henry P. Bruce was after- ward associated with the paper as local editor, but sold his inter- est August 7, 1887, to J. W. Dean, and at the present time the paper is edited by James T. Miller and J. W. Dean. The Inves- tigator has been true to its mission, and is an independent, thor- ough-going and wide-awake paper. The Unionville Democrat was established as the New Cen- tury, August 5, 1876, the New Century Printing Company, pub- lishers, and J. G. Hart, editor. It was at first an eight-column folio paper, and supported Samuel J. Tilden for the presidency. November 18, 1876, it was changed to a seven-column folio, and Felix Lane became associate editor December 9, 1876. It was all home print until April 14, 1877, when it adopted the ready print inside, and was enlarged to an eight-column, June 16, 1877. W. T. O'Bryant became editor some time previous to August 4, 1882, and J. E. Jones became associate editor Febru- ary 1, 1884. W. L. Eobertson became editor March 7, 1884, and was succeeded by J. H. Carroll, May 27, 1886, at which time the name was changed to the Unionville Democrat. Mr. Carroll ceased to edit the paper November 11, 1886. John W. Heed edited it for a short time, and its present editor, W. H. Korns, took charge April 14, 1887. It is now a seven-column folio. Secret Organizations. — Thomas G. Wade Post No. 54, G. A. B. was instituted January 23, 1883, and the following officers were installed by Post Commander J. A. Pinson, of Xenia; Commander, Charles Slavens; S. V. C, Col. W. A. Shelton; J. V. C, A. jf. Christy; Surg., Dr. A. L. Gray; .0. D., Arch. Walters; Chap- lain, J. E. Coffman; Adjt, A. J. Bennett; Q. M., C. T. Triplett; O. G., W. S. Douglass. The present officers are A. J. Bennett, 366 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. Commander; H. H. Barhart, S, V. C; A. W. Walters, J. V. C; J. E. Coffman, Surg. ; 0. C. Davis, O. D. ; K. M. Brasfield, Chap. ; S. B. Davidson, Adjt. ; Jacob Garver, Q. M. ; F. Craw- ford, O. G. The membership at present is ninety-nine. The following beautiful resolution, passed July 25, 1885, upon the death of Gen. U. S. Grant, is expressive of the sentiment of this post with regard to that distinguished man: As a tribute of the respect and esteem of this Post for our illustrious com- rade, Gen. U. S. Grant, who, on the 23d day of July, 1885, was called from his earthly labors to the Grand Army above, and, as a token of deep and heartfelt sorrow for his death, and loss lo us. this Post expresses its sorrow and sympathy, its sentiment being, that as a soldier and patriot, he was our greatest leader and chief commander: that as a statesman he was pure and upright and unswerving in the discharge of duty; to the enemy in arms he was a terror and invinci- ble, but to the enemy conquered he was full of kindness; in his illustrious career he was possessed, as it must and will be accorded to him, of the cleanest personal character known in history, and the highest type of American man- hood. Our beloved and esteemed comrade. Gen. Grant, goes to his rest with the country mourning as a child for the death of a father, while the civilized part of the world pours in the tribute of its sorrow and sympathy. Yes, Gen. Grant has enlisted in the Grand Army above, leaving us soon to follow; but, while we tarry, we will " Mourn for the man of long enduring blood. The statesman warrior, moderate, resolute, Whole in himself a common good; Mourn for the man of amplest influence. Yet clearest of ambitious crime; Our greatest, yet with least pretense; Great in council, great in war. Foremost captain of his time. Rich in saving common sense — And, as the greatest only are. In his simplicity sublime." On the 1st of March, 1887, this Post passed a series of reso- lutions with reference to the veto of the dependent pension bill by President Cleveland, one o^ which was as follows : Resolved, That we condemn the veto of the dependent pension bill, as an act on the part of President Cleveland intended to procure the vote of the solid South, and to secure a renomination, and without any other valid reason, and in contradiction of his public addresses as to providing for the country's defenders. Unionville Lodge, No. 188, A. 0. U. W. was instituted May 11, 1880, and then had as members: E. M. Brasfield, W. T. Combs, A. M. Swett, S. B. Davidson, William H. Tessen, Dade Johnson, W. T. O'Bryant, E. F. Little, E. L. St. John, L. P. STATE OF MISSOURI. 567 Roberts, Charles J. Davis, Peter Greggers, E. J. Geisinger, George N. Stille, G. C. Coop, C. Bird Guffey, Joel Jones, F. M. Staley, E. N. Monroe, B. H. Bonfoey, a member of Morris Lodge, No. 110, Milan, Mo., Frank A. Burns and James L. Brasfield. Otficers were elected as follows to serve for the term ending December 31, 1880: W. H. Tissen, P. M. W.; B. H. Bonfoey, M. W. ; A. M. Swett, G. F. ; S. B. Davidson, O. Peter Greggers, E. ; G. N. Stille, Financier ; E. N. Monroe, E. Dade Johnson, G. ; F. M. Staley, I. W. ; C. Bird Guffey, O. W. E. J. Geisinger, Med. Ex. ; E. F. Little, trustee for eighteen months; E. M. Brasfield, for twelve months, and L. P. Eoberts; for six months. This lodge was chartered May 20, 1880, and the above named officers were installed as the first charter officers, except that Gideon C. Coup was installed financier. The present officers are B. H. Bonfoey, P. M. W., J. L. Brasfield, M. W. ; Alexander Elson, overseer; John P. Schuster, foreman; E. M. Brasfield, financier; A. M. Swett, Eec; J. E. Burnham, recorder; J. A. Little, guide; John Ford, watchman. The lodge meets bi-weekly on Tuesday nights, is in a sound financial condition, and has a growing membership of good men. Unionville Lodge, No. 210, A. F. & A. M., was instituted April 24, 1860. Its officers were J. C. Valentine, W. M. ; D. N. Thatcher, S. W. ; J. L. McCoUom, J. W. ; S. A. John, Treas. ; "W. A. Shelton, Sec; D. M. Howe, S. D. ; J. H. McCoUom, J. D. The charter is dated May 30, 1861, and there were about eleven charter members. The present officers are A. P. Mc- Elhiney, W. M. ; Lee T. Eobison, S. W. ; Samuel Douglass, J. W.; Jacob Carver, Treas.; W. A. Shelton, Sec; A. J. Will- iams, S. D. ; James W. Hall, J. D. ; James Goul, Tyler. The present membership is sixty-one, the financial condition of the lodge is sound, and their meetings are held at their hall in Union- ville on the Saturday evening next preceding the full moon. Unionville Lodge, No. 280, I. O. O. F., was organized Au- gust 6, 1872. The first members were C. M. Cornmesser, Thomas L. Tysor, C. Johnson, J. -G. Thornburgh, Daniel Bailey, J. C. Eichardson, Lafayette Campbell. The officers under dispen- sation were J. G. Thornburgh, N. G. ; C. M. Cornmesser, V. G. ; Lafayette Campbell, Sec. ; J. C. Eichardson, Treas. The 568 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. charter is dated May 31, 1874, and the charter officers were the same as those above named. The present officers are G. A. Barhart, N. G. ; J. M. Carroll, V. G. ; B. H. Bonfoey, secretary ; W. A. Shelton, Treas. ; E. M. Brasfield, — ; H. H. Earhart, W. ; E. H. Stuckey, I. G. The lodge is in good condition, so- cially and financially, has a membership of fifty, and meets each Friday evening. Ridgely Encampment, No. 92, 1. O. 0. F., was organized March 2, 1882. The first members were F. A. Burns, G. W. Jordan, B. H. Bonfoey, R. F. Little, D. 0. Jordan, G. 0. Coop, E. J. Geisinger, G. N. Stille, S. B. Davidson, J. B. Earhart, James Turner, H. H. Earhart and R. M. Brasfield. The officers under dispensation were B. H. Bonfoey, S. W. ; R. F. Little, J. W. ; G. W. Jordan, H. P. ; G. C. X)oop, Treas. ; D. C. Jordan, Scribe; J. E. Earhart, Sentinel. The charter bears date, Novem- ber 22, 1882. The present officers are Wright Williams, C. P. ; R. M. Brasfield, H. P. ; H. H. Earhart, S. W. ; G. W. Jordan, J. W. ; F. A. Burns, Scribe ; W. A. Shelton, Treas. The pres- ent membership is nineteen, and the condition of the encamp- ment is sound and satisfactory in all respects. Meetings are held on the first and third Wednesdays of each month. Unionville Lodge, No. 310, I. O. G. T., was organized in 1880, with nine members, as follows: Thomas Berry, L. D. ; Thomas Stout, W. C. T. ; Mrs. Stout, W. V. T. ; F. A. Burns, I. W. ; Mrs. F. A. Burns, Treas. ; J. W. Veatch, Sec. ; J. R. Arm- strong, P. W. C. T. ; J. W. Mace, Chap., and John Hogan, Marshal. The membership increased until it reached about 150. After running some two years, it disorganized, passing a resolution which was, substantially, that its members disband for the purpose of joining the Red Ribbon Club in its work, believing they could accomplish a greater amount of good as one society than as two. Present Business. — -The present business men of Unionville are as follows: Dry goods — James Turner, Harkins, Hart & Co., C. Figge and J. P. Schuster; grocers — Boner & Rora- baugh. Ford & Stahl, D. A. Bradshaw & Co., H. C. Payton, J. Sha- ver & Son and J. Coop ; hardware — George Roth, Brasfield & Crum- packer and J. G. Thornburg; agricultural implements — George iiUbIM?.S.s iroLlbE 01' JAMEta IlJK^El;, UMU^ VILLE, TU iNAM CO., I\ro. STATE OP MISSOUKI. 569 Both and Brasfield & Crumpacker ; drug stores — E. N. Monroe, W. C. Knight & Co., F. H. Wentworth, J. G. Hart and J. M. Eareckson ; restaurants — E. F. Henkle (Silver Moon) and W. S. Christy; meat markets — Applegate Bros, and Charles Keene; harness shops — A. M. Swett and Comstock Bros.; blacksmiths — Cook & Son, Stalcup & Son, J. M. Baird and W. G. Griggs ; cigar maker — - Charles Hulett; barbers — W. H. Bouse and Charles Lewis; shoemakers — Martin Schick and Michael Schick; milliners — Clark & Payton, Mrs. C. H. Applegate and Mrs. S. B. Coffman ; dentist — D. L. Thomas; real estate — B. H. Bonfoey, J. E. Burn- ham, Crawford & Carroll; insurance agents — B. H. Bonfoey, J. E. Burnham, A. P. McElhiney, Z. T. Brawford; pension agent — Lee T. Robinson; clothing and men's furnishing goods — O. J. Townsend, Carroll & Fahren; photographer— Thomas Stout; livery stables — G. A. Harris, Todd & Cur by, M. S. Towne, W. T. Rinker; cooper — J. E. Tatman; marble works — A. J. Bennett; plasterers — George W. Porter, Sol. Tatman, J. G. Hall ; furniture and undertaker — George Both ; lumber dealers — George Both, Brasfield & Crumpacker; lawyers — H. D. Marshall, W. A. fehel- ton, A. D. Christy, J. H. Carroll, B. H. Bonfoey, J. E. Burn- ham, J. C. McKinley, Thomas Valentine, E. F. Little, A. P. Mc- Elhiney, A. N. Mills, Lee T. Eobinson and F. C. Sickles; phy- sicians— J. G. Hart, W. W. Williams, A. C. Beery, E. J. Gei- singer, Frank Noel and W. L. Downing. Incorporation. — Unionville was incorporated by an act of the Legislature, approved November 4, 1857. The first section of this act was as follows: The people living in the town of Unionville, included within the present town plat, as also Thatcher's addition to said town, be and the same are hereby declared and constituted a body corporate and politic, and shall be known by the name and style of the town of Unionville, in Putnam County, Mo., and by that name shall have perpetual succession, and shall have and use a common seal, which they may alter or change at pleasure. The act of incorporation provided for a mayor and five coun- cilmen, for a clerk who should be ex officio treasurer, and a town marshal; and it provided for an election to be held on the first Monday (4th) of January, 1858. At this election the following officers were chosen: Mayor, E. C. Bradshaw (M. L. Ford was mayor toward the latter part of 1858), Mr. Bradshaw in 1859, and 36 570 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. D. M. Howe in 1860. The town government was not, however, kept up during the war, and was not reorganized until 1867. On the 15th of February of this year the mayor and council-elect met at the court-house, and were sworn into ofiSce : Mayor, William F. Staples ; councilmen, A. W. O'Bryant, John L. McCollom, C. A. Elson, C. A. Francisco and F. M. Steel. A. W. O'Bryant was chosen chairman of the council; Joseph R. Stille, clerk and treasurer; J. G. Hart, assessor; T. F. Stanton, marshal and col- lector; J. Lavenburg, street overseer. An ordinance prescribing the duties of certain officers, etc., was offered and referred. A committee of two was appointed to report by-laws and rules to govern the council, and a committee of three was appointed to devise ways and means to support the municipal government of the town, and the clerk was authorized to purchase books, etc., for his office. The first report of the collector was made January 17, 1868, and was in the aggregate as follows: That there had been received $248.25, and that there was on hand $9.01. On February 6, 1868, the following were the officers of the corporation: Mayor, C. T. Triplett; councilmen, Joseph E. Stille, J. L. McCollom, A. J. Hoskinson and Fred Hyde. R. F. Little was appointed temporary clerk. The mayor and coun- cilmen Stille, McCollom, Hoskinson and Hyde, all resigned) their resignations to take effect February 25, 1868, and a reso- lution was adopted to the effect that Mr. Little, the clerk, take charge of all the town archives, and keep them in his possession subject to the order of the council, until February 25, 1868, when he was to turn them over to the successors of the council. An election was ordered for February 25, 1868, of which B. Richards, R. J. Jackson and 0. C. Steele were appointed judges. This proposed election failed to be held, and there was no city government until May 8, 1869, when W. A. Shelton administered the oath of office to Milton Cauby, mayor, and councilmen W. F. Staples, R. F. Little, Sion A. Haynes, J. G. Hart and Alexander Elson. May 14 officers were elected: Chairman, J. G. Hart; clerk, W. T. O'Bryant; marshal and collector, J. C. Richardson. By-laws were then adopted for the government of the town, and the clerk was instructed to look up the records and examine into the financial condition of the incorporation. No records were STATE OF MISSOUKI. 571 kept for 1870, as no officers were elected, and the regular election day in 1871 was permitted to pass without any election being held. On May 8, 1871, an election was ordered for May 19, and on June 8 the mayor and council, elected May 19,, convened. Mayor, John M. Eareckson ; councilmen, 0. A. Elson, G. W. Ruth, C. A. Tysor, Allen Cook and G. H. Marshall. C. A. Elson was elected president, pro tern., of the council; W. T. O'Bryant, clerk; Mike Cooper, marshal ; E. F. Little, assessor, and W. A. Sheltch, city attorney. The treasurer, assessor and marshal were each required to give bond in the sum of $1,000. January 29, 1872, the newly elected mayor and councJl met at the office of the circuit court clerk : Mayor — E. C. O'Bryant; coun- cil—Milton Cauby, J. L. McCoUom, C. A. Elson, R. N. Hall, J. G. Hart and W. T. O'Bryant. W. T. O'Bryant was chosen clerk. The regular meetings of the board were then established for the second Monday in February, May, August and November. W. A. Shelton was elected city attorney; W. C. Shearer, marshal; Z. T. Brawford, assessor, and G. W. Euth, street overseer. April 30, 1872, A. Wing was elected city attorney in place of W. A. Shelton, resigned, and on June 25 R. F. Little was appointed clerk, in place of W. T. O'Bryant, resigned. Numerous other changes in officers occurred during the year. January 9, 1873, an election was held for mayor and alderman. For mayor, E. F. Little received 20 votes; C. F. Tysor, 18, and E. C. O'Bryant, 6. For councilmen, Neal Elson received 28 votes ; F. H. Wentworth, 37 ; J. 0. Fenton, 28 ; J. Lavenburg, 23, and E. T. Milburn, 19. January 15, W. T. O'Bryant was elected clerk and treasurer; J. L. Brasfield, street commissioner; J. G. Hart, assessor; F. M. Lightfoot, marshal, and W. A. Shelton, attorney. In January, 1874, the vote for mayor was, C. A. Bison, 43; Alexander Elson, 33; councilman— E. T. Milburn, 44; E. M. Brasfield, 49; J. E. Ault, 73; Thomas Stout, 43; E. 0. O'Bryant, 43. W. T. O'Bry- ant was elected clerk; Felix Lane, attorney; J. L. Tarbox, mar- shal; F. H. Wentworth, assessor. On April 6, 1875, an election for officers resulted as follows: Mayor — W. A. Shelton, 79; L. W. Conger, 85. Councilman— Milton Cauby, 109; H. D. Mar- shall, 58; J. R. Ault, 64; C. F. Tysor, 66; E. M. Brasfield, 67. April 13 S. B. Davidson was chosen clerk; C. A. Elson, treas- 572 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. urer; P. Regan, marshal. April 4, 1876, the councilmen elected were James Turner, Jacob Rummel, George Roth, H. H. Earhart and J. R. Anlt. Fred Hyde was chosen clerk and attornpy; R. M. Brasfield, treasurer; A. L. Robinson, street commissioner, and P. Regan, marshal. In April, 1877, G. W. Barnett was elected mayor, and the councilmen were Z. T. Brawford, T. J. Trew, H. L. Weatherford, P. H. Wentworth, John A. Helferstine. Thomas Berry was elected clerk and attor- ney; J. G. Hart, treasurer, and J. J. Smith, marshall and street commissioner. In 1878 Mr. Burnett was again elected mayor, and the councilmen were Z. T. Brawford, John A. Helferstine, Ira D. Noggle, James Turner and H. L. Weatherford. J. W. Hawkins was elected clerk and attorney; H. D. Marshall, treas- urer, and J. J. Smith, street commissioner. In April, 1879, W. A. Shelton was elected mayor, and the councilmen were Walters, O'Bryant, Agee, Rummel and Baird. S. B. Davidson was elected clerk and assessor ; H. D. Marshall, treasurer ; J. J. Smith, mar- shal, and T. J. Stanton, street commissioner. On June 3, 1879, a proposition was submitted to the voters of Unionville, as to whether they should organize as a city of the fourth class under the act permitting towns to so organize. In 1880 A. D. Christy was elected mayor, and the board of aldermen was J. T. Miller, Alexander Blsoii, J. B. Agee and P. M. Staley. S. B. Davidson was elected clerk; H. D. Marshall, treasurer; A. W. Walters, marshal, and J. J. Smith, street commissioner. In 1881 R. M. Brasfield was elected mayor, and the board of aldermen consisted of J. B. Agee, P. M. Staley, J. W. Waggoner and H. H. Earhart. S. B. Davidson, clerk; A. W. Walters, marshal; Alexander Elson, treasurer, and J. J. Smith, street commissioner. In April, 1882, M. S. Towne was elected mayor, and has been re-elected to that office at each subsequent election, and the alder- men elected were, that year, from the Pirst Ward, James Turner, from the Second, J. B. Agee; clerk, G. C. Coop; treasurer, W- A. Shelton; collector and marshal, J. J. Smith; street commis- sioner, William Cox. In 1883 the clerk elected was Thomas Berry; treasurer, H. D. Marshall; collector and marshal, J. J. Smith; street commissioner, P. R. Nelson; and assessor, Thomas Berry. In 1884, clerk, assessor and attorney, Thomas Berry; STATE OF MISSOURI. 573 treasurer, H. D. Marshall; street commissioner and sexton, F. E. Nelson ; flue inspector, J. B. Agee. In 1885, clerk, assessor and attorney, Thomas Berry; treasurer, H. D. Marshall; street com-" missioner, Sol. Korns; flue inspector, A. J. Bennett; sexton, Clark Tompkins ; collector, C. J. Summers ; and health officer, A. C. Berry. In 1886, clerk, assessor and attorney, Trusten Hart; treasurer, H. D. Marshall; street commissioner, F. K. Nelson; flue inspector, J. N. McKinney; collector, 0. J. Summers; and sexton, Jacob Applegate. In 1887, clerk, assessor and attorney, Trusten Hart; treasurer, H. D. Marshall; collector, C. J. Sum- mers; street commissioner, F. R. Nelson; sexton and flue inspect- or, Calvin Kumbley; finance committee, Z. T. Brawford and J. H. Carroll; and street and alley committee, S. B. Tatman and John P. Schuster. In 1884 the city council passed an ordinance dividing the city into two wards: the First Ward to comprise and include all that part of the city lying north of the center of First Street; the Second Ward to comprise and include all that part of the city lying south of the center of First Street. St. John is located on Sections 7 and 8, Township 66, Range 20. The survey is described as commencing from a lost stone thirteen inches long, nine inches wide and eight inches thick, placed at a point six limks north of the center of the northeast quarter of Section 7 ; the southwest corner of Block 3 bears north 16^° east, 67 links; the southeast corner of Block 4 bears north 48° west, 95 links; the northeast corner of Block 7 bears south 68° west, 76 links, and the northwest corner of Block 8 bears south 44° east, 32 links. There were forty-seven blocks in the plat, thirty -five of which were 264 links from north to south, and 260 links from east to west. The area of the town plat was 54.3717 acres. The streets running north and south were Balla- trix, Athens, State, Main and Sullivan ; and those east and west were Putnam, Floral, Kremlin and Union. Main Street bears 9° 30' from the true meridian, and the east and west streets cross Main Street at right angles. The proprietors of the town plat were Thomas Caul, Giles Hodges and Daniel Torrey. The orig- inal survey was made June 6, 1857, and the plat was filed for record that day, and recorded August 3, 1863. 574 HiSTOKY OP PUtNAM COUNTt. The first settler on what is now the town plat of St. John was Jesse Fowler, who came there in 1844, and built a one-story house of hewed logs 16x18 feet in size. About the same time John Woolrey settled on what is now known as "Scotch Hill," southwest of Mr. Fowler, about a mile, and built a house or cabin, 14x16 feet, of round logs. Mr. Woolrey had a wife and family of at least six children. Large families were then the fashion. A few years afterward, in about 1847, Abner Nanny came in from Kentucky and occupied the place where Mr. Wool- rey had lived, he having moved away. John 0. Bone came in, about 1846, and lived in the house built, as above narrated, by Jesse Fowler, Mr. Fowler having moved a short time previous to Oregon. Mr. Bone lived there until 1850, when Thomas Caul came from Princeton, Mercer Co., Mo. Mr. Caul lived in the house, as it was first erected by Jesse Fowler, until 1851, when he built a frame addition thereto, 18x20 feet in size, the first frame structure of any kind erected in St. John. Giles Hodge came here from Ohio in 1851, and built a round-log house on what is now called the Torrey place. Daniel Torrey, who now lives in Nebraska, came here in 1854, and occupied the house built by Giles Hodge. The first entirely frame building erected in St. John was by Thomas Caul for a store. It stood on Main Street and on Block 33. This was in 1854, «and was the first store building in the town, Mr. Caul keeping store therein from 1854 to 1863. The first blacksmith in the town was John H. Morgan, who established himself there in his trade in 1854, putting up a log blacksmith shop and a log house on the corner of Main and Kremlin Streets. Mr. Morgan is still carrying on blacksmithing in St. John. John Frank, from Illinois, opened a shoe shop in 1854, near Mr. Morgan's shop. In the same year also came Joseph Hardy, the first carpenter in the town, who located south of Sullivan Street. E. George came to St. John in 1854, and erected a store building, the store in which was conducted under the firm name of Fortney & George. The first school in the place was taught by James B. Harper in 1855-56 in a log build- ing erected the previous summer for the purpose by Thomas Caul. It was about twenty feet square, and was heated by means of a box stove, the pipe from which extended into a flue built for the STATE 01* MISS6URI. B75 purpose, somewhat in the modem style, the stove taking^ in ordi- nary three-foot wood. This school-house was used also for church services until the present frame church building was erected in 1876-77, and by all denominations. D. W. Pollock commenced keeping store in St. John in 1865, almost immediately after returning from the war, in the small log building now used by him as a warehouse, and which stands just east of his frame store building on the corner of Main and Athens Streets, which was erected in 1866. The blacksmith shop of Henry Ellis, across Athens Street from Mr. Pollock's store, was built in 1882. The school-house on Block 10 was erected about 1872. It is a frame building, 24x36 feet in size. The first hotel in St. John was kept by Thomas Caul, who commenced in 1850, and who has been keeping hotel ever since. The Daniels Hoase was kept by Will- iam Daniels from 1856 to about 1876. At the present time the population of St. John consists of seventeen families, or an aggre- gate of about 110 persons. St. John Lodge, No. 459, I. O. O. F., was chartered May 21, 1885. The charter members wereL. W. Carlton, H. H. Barhart, J. G. Thornburg, W. T. Green, W. J. Applegate, J. H. Morgan, L. C. Corporon and E. Knight. The first officers were L. W. Carlton, N. G. ; J. H. Morgan, V. G. ; L. C. Corporon, Sec. ; B. Knight, Treas. The present officers are J. Burchett, N. G. ; J. H. Ellis, V. G. ; L. L. Gray, Sec, and B. J. Putnam, Treas. The lodge now has nineteen members, and meets every Saturday night in a hall which they rent, and is in good condition both socially and financially. Mansfield Post, No. 181, Q. A. R., was organized at Wyreka, Putnam County, June 14, 1884, by S. B. Davidson, W. A. Shel- ton, J. L. Guffey and J. E. Coffman of Thomas G. Wade Post, No. 54, and J. B. Callaway, James Lansley, D. M. King and J. Loutzheizer of Rosseau Post, No. 80, detailed for that purpose. Following are the names of the charter members : L. M. Norman, Eobert Eskew, B. W. A. Draper, Alexander Howry, Peter Shane, H. B. Powers, Thomas Draper, H. J. Hume, William Tinkham, John Howry, M. Lauderbaugh, Leonidas Collins, Charles Holtzinger, L. E. Eulcher, John G. Judd, John Wolgomatt, J. M. Knox, I. 0. Sell, T. W. Hatfield, Edward Clifton, N. J. 576 HISTOftY OP PtTNAM COUNTY. Varner, J. W. Day, Franklin Draper, Alfred Riddle, Adam Bru- ner, John Sheppard, Henry S. Wells, H. W. Avery, J. M. Pate, S. M. Stewart, Jordan Moore and G. W. Bates. The following officers were elected and installed : H. B. Powers, P. C. ; John Howry, S. V. C. ; Eobert Eskew, J. Y. C. ; I. 0. Sell, Adj.; George W. Bates, Q. M. ; John Crawford, Surg. ; Peter Shane, Chap. ; Leonidas Collins, O. D. ; J. M. Knox, O. G. ; L. M. Nor- man, S. M. ; Adam Bruner, Q. M. S. ; who were elected and installed the second year. The present officers are I. C. Sell, P. C. ; John Hamlin, S. V. C. ; T. P. Draper, J. V. C. ; H. S. Wells, Adj.; A. J. Hume, Q. M.; R. E. Torrey, Surg; David Farmer, Chap. ; Eobert Eskew, O. D. ; C. F. Howard, O. G. ; John Howry, S. M. ; Cintin Niday, Q. M. S. The Post num- bers sixty-eight members in good standing. Meetings are held on the second and fourth Saturday of each month. Oelebraiien of July Fourth. — -The Fourth of July, 1876, was celebrated at St. John in an appropriate manner. The morning was anything but promising, but by 11 :30 a large number of peo- ple had collected in front of D. W. Pollock's store, when the cel- ebration commenced with balloon ascensions, three balloons mak- ing successful ascents. A procession was then formed, and marched to the grounds, headed by a band of music. "America" was sung by the St. John Glee Club, the Declaration of Inde- pendence was read by F. K. Buck, and the oration was delivered by J. F. Frankey, who spoke aboat one hour and a half, and an adjournment was had for dinner. After dinner the comic song, " Go away, old man," was finely rendered by the Glee Club, after which the Hon. James B. Harper made a speech, in which he gave an account of how Dodge County dodged out of exist- ence, and prevented St. John from becoming a county seat. A thunder shower then came up, and compelled a cessation of the celebration, which was attended by about 2,000 people. D. W. Pollock and Drs. Stanton and Elliott were the main movers in originating and carrying through this celebration. Origin of Name. — St. John obtained its name in the follow- ing manner: The commissioner selected to locate the county seat of Dodge County located the same on St. John's day, and the chairman of the commissioners, being a Morgan Mason, sug- State of mIssoubi. 577 gested that the town site and county seat be named St. John, and the suggestion was adopted. Hartford is located on the west half of Lot 1, of the north- west quarter of Section 5, Township 65, Eange 17. The north and south lines of this town run at a variation of 10° east, and the east and west lines run at right angles with them. The town plat contains seven blocks, each 160 feet square, each block is divided into eight lots, except Block 5, which is reserved for the public square. The town was laid out June 25, 1866, the proprietors being James M. Brasfield and Matthew Crooks. At the time this town was made the county seat, in 1851, there was a kind of pasteboard plat, from which lots were sold, but this first plat was never placed upon record. James M. Brasfield signed the plat as proprietor, as also did John J. Brasfield. The first settler in the vicinity of this place was William Levell, in 1839. Mr. Levell erected a log house 12x16 feet in size. The first frame house was built in 1852, by David N. Thatcher. The first merchant in the town was John J. Brasfield, who established himself here in business in 1849. The first drug store was started in 1861, by Dr. James Mitchell; George Crooks was the first blacksmith, in 1854; Charles Harkins was the first shoe- maker, and Moses Summers the first grocery keeper, both in 1854. The post-office was established in 1851, John J. Bras- field, postmaster. He has been succeeded by E. Boner, George Crooks, Charles Harkins, Matthew Crooks, W. H. Holman and S. P. Holman. The first teacher was Sarah Eaby, in 1850, who taught a subscription school with seventeen scholars. The first preacher was Kev. William Lawrence, in 1845, who preached in John J. Brasfield's house. At this place there is a Masonic lodge, organized in May, 1857, which now has a membership of thirty-six, and a Grand Army Post, chartered June 3, 1883, with twenty-two members, and which now has fifteen. The present business men are S. P. Holman & Co., and W. B. Cook, mer- chants; J. Mathews, notion dealer; Charles Harkins, shoemaker; J. B. Harkins and M. Livyey, blacksmiths; and the physicians are Dr. T. H. Moss and G. J. Piokenpaugh. Rev. Charles Harkins is the preacher. The present population of Hartford is about forty. fe78 HiSTORt of PUTNAM C0t}N*5t. Omaha is located on the southwest corner of Section 10, Township 66, Eange 17. It was laid out at an early day, but never made much progress as a town. John Slagel built a house there in 1845, a little log cabin, and George W. Houston established a grocery in 1850. In 1857 William Morrow and Henry Bishop sold dry goods in Omaha. The first postmaster was George W. Houston. In 1857 or 1858 Thomas Clough started a blacksmith shop. At the present time George W. Houston has a general store, John Kelley a blacksmith shop, and the former is the postmaster, having been such almost ever since his first appointment. The population does not exceed ten or a dozen persons. West Liberty is located on Sections 27 and 34, Township 66, Eange 20. Josiah Harbert was the proprietor of the town, and it was laid out for him in 1855. It consists of three blocks, each containing eight lots, each lot 80x100 feet in size. Main Street runs east and west, and is sixty feet wide. South Street runs south from and forms a T with Main Street, and is eighty feet wide. The original plat was not recorded, and the town was replatted December 8, 1870, by the same man. The first store was started by Thomas Harbert, but a mill had been built there, before the town was laid off, by Josiah Harbert, in 1854. A tan- yard was established by Henry Smith in 1856, and a post-office was established about 1855. J. W. Trader was the first physi- cian in the place. West Liberty was quite prosperous up to the war, but since then it has not grown very much. There is now but one small store there kept by J. J. Jones, who is also post- master, and the mill does but little business. The professional- men are limited to Drs. Lasey & Son. The most important recent event in the history of this place occurred August 30, 1887, the decoration of the soldiers' graves. Music was fur- nished by Prof. T. K. Buck's choir of Central City, and Elder M. S. Curl, of Glasgow, delivered an address on the " Immortal- ity of the Soul." Elder Bates, of Terre Haute, also delivered an address upon the same subject, and Kev. L. V. Ismond, of Uniouville, made some remarks upon the " Immortality of the Body." Mrs. Sallie Mowrer was organist for the occasion. Central City is located partly in Section 31, Township 66, State of liissoTJBi. ' 5'?9 Range 20, partly in Section 36, Township 66, Eange 21, partly in Section 1, Township 65, Range 21, there being 20.2 acres, 3.33 acres and 23.85 acres, respectively, in the several sections as named above. The north and south lines vary 9° 7' from the true meridian, and the east and west lines vary 9° 53' from the true east and west parallel. The town was laid out by Orrin Hulen and Granville Gohlson, November 1, 1856. It con- sisted of twenty blocks, Block 13 being reserved for the public square. Bach of the remaining nineteen blocks was divided into eight lots, each lot being 60x120 feet in size. The plat was filed for record November 3, 1857. The town was sur- veyed by J. H. Runyon, deputy surveyor at that time, and named Central City, because it was so near the center of what was Dodge County, that point being just one mile north. The town has never been any larger than it is now, but it once made a finer appearance, the houses and buildings being now somewhat old and in need of paint. The store that is now there is kept by Jefferson Burchett, and the post-office is kept by Dr. Samuel Bunker, or rather by his daughter. Miss Annie Bunker, as deputy. The blacksmith shop is owned by H. L. Simmons, and the physi- cian of the town is Dr. L. L. Gray. Elder W. B. Bates lives near the city, and has an appointment once each month, as is also the case with Blder John Kobbe, religious services being held in the school-house. The population of Central City is now about fifty. ■Williamsburg is located on the south half of the northwest quarter of Section 5, Township 66, Range 19. It was laid out for the proprietor, Luther Washburn, June 20, 1857. It consists of six blocks, each block containing eight lots. The north and south lines vary 8° 35' from the true meridian, and the east and west lines vary 9° 3' from a true east and west line. This town gradually increased in size for a year or so and then as gradually diminished, until it entirely ceased to exist. Martinstown is located in the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 26, Township 65, Range 17. The proprietor was Neal Martin, and the town was laid off October 30, 1857. It was divided into eight blocks, each block con- taining four lots. There were four blocks on each side of a S80 HISTORY OF PTJTNAM COUNTY. street. The plat was filed for record November 4, 1857. The town was so named because Judge Neal Martin was the first to establish a store there, in 1856, in a log house, which, in 1857, was superseded by a frame building, 18x30 feet. Judge Martin has sold goods there ever since. In 1866 J. M. Sparks estab- lished a store, and soon afterward took in as partners L. C. & J. P. Lane. About 1869 Mr. Sparks built a house, and set up again for himself, and there were three stores there until about 1876, when he abandoned the business. Lane Bros, retired in 1879. John P. Schuster built a house in about 1876, and sold goods there three years, then sold to A. P. Heminger, who continued in business until about 1884, when he sold to GufPey& Hodges, who in turn sold out to George Scobeein 1887. A blacksmith shop was established about 1859, and with the exception of a short time during the war there have been two shops here. The post-office was established ia 1857, on petition of Judge Martin, who was made first postmaster, serving until 1862, and was fol- lowed by John G. Collins, and he in 1864 by J. M. Sparks, who remained in office until about 1876, when he was succeeded by Judge Martin, who has held the office ever since. The first physician in the place was A. W. Lane, who came with Judge Martin and practiced until 1878, and was followed by Dr. Brown. The present physician is Dr. John Shibley. At the present time there is one school-house, two church organizations. Baptist and United Brethren, which hold services in the school-house, and a population of about ten families, or fifty inhabitants. The Martinstown band is the oldest band in the county, and one of the best. Terre Haute is located on the northeast- quarter of the north- east quarter of Section 15, Township 65, Eange 21. It con- sists of ten blocks, nine of which are divided into eight lots each. Block No. 3 being reserved for the public square. It was laid out for the proprietors, Daniel Ellidge and Hardin Kidwell, April 3, 1858. Robert J. Smith built the first store-room and con- ducted the first store. The room is now occupied by J. B. Fry. The storekeepers up to the present time have been J. B. Fry, Thomas E. Campbell, B. M. Gregory & Bro., and Duncan & Foster. Drug stores have been kept by Isaac Kidwell, Richard STATE OF MISSOURI. 581 Clark and M. Williamson. The creamery is owned by the Terre Haute Creamery & Milling Company, of which George F. Myers is president. The post-oi3S.ce was established in 1862. The first postmaster was E. J. Smith ; John E. Bartemis, assistant. J. B. Fry was assistant one year, 1863-64, was appointed' post- master in 1864, and has been retained in the position ever since. The Terre Haute Creamery and Milling Company was incor- porated June 3, 1885, for fifty years, with a capital of $4,550. The original shareholders were William Johnson, George F. Myers, Eobert L. Moore, Thomas W. Wood, E. M. Gregory, James E. Davis, William J. Wood, John Wood, I. M. Vinson, Elijah Wells, Thomas J. Page, Sol. E. Williams, A. D. Thomas, L. D. Thomas, George Dehaven, A. -Clemons, Silas Kinner, William Judd, J. T. Eice and Davis & Eankins, the latter firm being of Chicago. The first board of directors consisted of George F. Myers, Eobert S. Moore, and James E. Davis. Wyreka is located on Sections 8 and 17, Township 66i Eange 21. It was laid out for the proprietors, David and Eliza- beth Hovey, September 14, 1858, and the plat was filed for record next day. The town plat contains nineteen blocks. Main Street runs on the line between the two sections on which the town is located, and is sixty feet wide. Hickory Street is thirty feet wide, and First and Second Streets, which run at right angles with the other two, are each thirty feet wide. This is now a very pleasant and flourishing little village, containing a population of about fifty inhabitants. Clarksburg is located on Sections 26, 27, 34 and 35, Town- ship 65, Eange 19. The town plat consists of four blocks, each 300 feet square, and each divided into twelve lots which are 50x150 feet in size. The two streets are fifty feet wide, and cross each other at right angles on the section lines. The town was laid out August 23, 1858, Jacob L. Clark, William Vaughn and Hugh Hiney being the proprietors. The plat was filed for record August 23, 1858. This town never made much progress, but it now contains a population of about fifteen or twenty people. Ayersville is located on the north half of the southwest quarter of Section 16, Township 66, Eange 21. The survey 582 HISTORY OF PUTNAM COUNTY. was made August 5, 1858, for the proprietors, Brice Miller and Martha Miller. The town plat consists of four blocks, each con- taining eight lots. Washington Street runs north and south witJi a variation of 9° 18', Main and Jefferson Streets run at right angles with Washington, the former being 100 feet wide. The size of the lots is 60x120 feet. This village has made consider- able progress, and contains an enterprising population of about one hundred. Galesburg is located on the east half of the southwest quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 18, Township 66, Eange 21. The survey was made March 10, 1858, for the pro- prietor, Bphraim Whitacre. It was composed of six blocks, each block being divided into eight lots, 61x31 feet in size. Gales- burg now contains a population of about twelve or fifteen people. Livonia lies on the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of Section 28, Township 66, Range 16. Absalom Grogan was the proprietor of the original town plat, which was surveyed May 5, 1859. It consisted of four blocks of eight lots each. One street ran through the center of the town from north to south, and one likewise through the center from east to west. This is where the town was first laid off. There were a few families living on the town site; but when Grogan died the post-office was moved to a farm of Martin's about three miles north of its origi- nal location. It is now located on Section 19, Township 66, Range 16. Joseph Martin is the postmaster and merchant. Dan Kelley is the blacksmith,, and the population consists of three families, or about fifteen persons. Lemen is located on part of the northeast quarter of the south- east quarter of Section 29, Township 65, Range 19, and is described as follows: Commencing at the southwest corner of said tract of land; thence north 1,257 feet; thence east 650 feet; thence south 1,257 feet, and thence 650 feet to the beginning. The streets run- ning north and south are named First, Second and Third; and those running east and west are named Summer, Main and Smith. The survey was made for the proprietor, Abraham Lemen, January 27, 1877. Lemen is on the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Rail- way, five miles south of Unionville. The town was so named by Abraham Lemen to perpetuate his name. The first residence was STATE OF MISSOURI. 583 built by Mm in 1874, a frame building, 16x20, one and ahalf stories high, with lean-to. H. W. Barry & Bro. commenced business here in the fall of 1874; John M. Mattox was the first black- smith, and John Fortune the first shoemaker. J. W. Burns & Son opened a grocery in the spring of 1878, which they closed in the fall of 1878. The postmasters have been H. W. Barry, L. Ketohum, J. W. Patterson, F. A. Burns, Ira Noggle and James W. Patterson. The post-office was opened in the fall of 1874, as Lemen, and in two weeks afterward the name was changed by order of the postmaster-general to Lemen Station. In Decem- ber, 1876, H. W. Barry resigned, and L. Ketchum was appointed. Three months afterward the name of the post-office was again changed, this time to Whiting, with J. W. Patterson, postmaster. Mr. Patterson resigned in November, 1877, and the office was closed until the spring of 1878, when it was re-opened under the name of Xenia, with F. A. Burns, postmaster. In the fall of 1878 F. A. Burns resigned, and Ira Noggle was appointed. Mr. Noggle resigned in the spring of 1880, and James W. Pat- terson was appointed, and has held the office ever since. The post-office is now named " Xenia," the railroad station is named "Lemons Station," and the town itself " Lemen." The business men in Lemen have been H. W. Barry Bros. , commenced in 1874, sold to L. Ketchum in December, 1876, who closed in March, 1877. J. W. Burns & Son commenced business in the spring of 1878, and closed in the fall. Ira Noggle . B. Nich- ols, 1877-79; G. C. Fogle, 1879-83; Edwin F. Payton, 1883-85; George E. Davis, 1885-86 ; Thomas J. Cleeton, 1886-87 ; James T. Fugate, 1887, present incumbent. Elections. — The iirst elections in Schuyler County were held on the first Monday in August, 1845, at the following places: Independence Township, at the house of Joseph Carter; Wells Township, at the house of Theophilus Eials ; Chariton Township, at the house of Norman Lampieurs; Liberty Township, at the house of James Cochrane; Fabius Township, at the Fabius meet- ing-house; Salt Eiver Township, at the house of Andrew Mc- Quitties. The judges of these elections were Isaac Newland, Wilkins Hewlet and William Hewlin, for Fabius Township ; Samuel Eiggs, John Willis and Joseph Carter, for Independence Township; Morgan Hensley, Elijah Horn and John S. Johnson, for Wells Township ; Thomas I. Bennett, George Hull and Edward Hughes, for Chariton Township; Stephen B. Euddle, Thomas B. DuBois and Samuel Ow, for Liberty Township, and Henry Davis, Will- iam A. Hamilton and John Mikel, for Salt Eiver Township. The oii&cers elected at this election were the county officers, who were STATE OF MISSOURI. 639 serving in their respective offices under appointment of the county court at its first session, and whose names have been mentioned therewith, and are also mentioned under the head of county officers. The following shows the number of votes cast in Schuyler County for each presidential candidate at the several presidential elections, beginning with the year 1848, that being the first election for that purpose after the county was organized, to wit: 1848 — Zachary Taylor, Whig, 204 votes; Lewis Cass, Demo- crat, 192. 1852 — Franklin Pierce, Democrat, 222 votes; Winfield Scott, Whig, 177. 1856 — James Buchanan, Democrat, 472 votes; John C. Fre- mont, Republican, 287. 1860 — Stephen A. Douglas, Democrat, 455 votes; John C. Breckinridge, Democrat, 251 ; John Bell, American, 267 ; Abra- ham Lincoln, Republican, 14. 1864 — Abraham Lincoln, Republican, 546 votes; George B. McClellan, Democrat, 191. 1868 — Ulysses S. Grant, Republican, 508 votes; Horatio Sey- mour, Democrat, 241. 1872 — Ulysses S. Grant, Republican, 792 votes; Horace Gree- ley, Democrat, 788. 1876 — Samuel J. Tilden, Democrat, 1,117 votes; Rutherford B. Hayes, Republican, 909 ; Peter Cooper, National, 17. 1880 — Winfield S. Hancock, Democrat, 1,065 votes; James A. Garfield, Republican, 570; Gen. Weaver, National, 457. 1884 — Grover Cleveland, Democrat, 1,203 votes; James G. Blaine, Republican, 1,009; John P. St. John, Prohibition, 13. The foregoing figures have been kindly furnished by Mis- souri's able Secretary of State, Michael K. McGrath. By reference to the votes cast for each of the presidential candi- dates, as shown by the foregoing, the political complexion of the county (excepting the years 1864 and 1868, when South- ern sympathizers were disfranchised), can readily be discerned. At the August election in 1853, Claiborne F. Jackson, Democrat, received 293 votes in Schuyler County, for congressman, against 230 received by James J. LindJey, Whig, for the same office. 640 HISTORY 01' SCfiUYLEE COUNTY. And in 1856, Trusten Polk, Democrat, received 511 votes in Schuyler County; Eobert C. Ewing, Whig, 271, and Thomas H. Benton, 22, for the office of Governor of the State. Coming down to more modern dates, it is seen that in 1868, William H. Hatch received, in Schuyler County, 877 votes for the office of congressman, while his competitors for the office received votes as follows: John M. London, 824; Henry Clay, Democrat, 2, and, John M. Glover, 1. At the same time M. B. Patterson received 949 votes for the office of representative in the Legislature, and his opponent, Adam Kuhn, received 910. The vote for Governor of the State in 1870, in the several voting precincts of the county, was as follows: DEMOCRAT. EEPTJBLICAN. B'. Gratz Brown. J. W. MoClurg. Liberty 133 96 Glenwood 65 111 Prairie 141 99 Fabius 94 31 Independence 91 38 Salt River 76 30 Chariton 61 14 Totals 661 899 Majority for Brown, 362. The same year (1870) James G. Blair, Democrat, received in Schuyler County 635 votes for the office of congressman, and his opponent, J. T. K. Hayward, Republican, received 416 ; and Robert H. Brown, Democrat, received 672 votes for the office of State senator, and his opponent, John B. Glaze, Republican, 370 ; and John Sharp, Democrat, received 672 votes for the office of rep- resentative in the State Legislature, and his opponent, Edward Higbee, Republican, 382. At the presidential election in 1872 the vote of the county by precincts was as follows: REPUBLICAN, DEMOCRAT, Grant. Greeley Liberty 148 133 Glenwood 174 81 Prairie 177 123 Fabius 72 152 Independence 80 125 Salt River 101 83 Chariton 45 91 Totals 792 788 STATE OP MISSOURI. 641 The same year John B. Henderson, Democrat, received 792 votes for the office of Governor of the State, and his opponent, Silas "Woodson, Republican, 812. In 1876 John S. Phelps, Democrat, received 1,116 votes in Schuyler County for the office of Governor of the State, while his opponents received votes as follows: Gus A. Finkelnburg, Eepub- lican, 912, and Jesse P. Alexander, National, 15; and for con- gressman John M. Glover, Democrat, received 1,110 votes, and his opponent as follows: J. T. K. Hayward, Eepublican, 902, and John M. London, National, 17 ; aiid for representative in the Leg- islature, Jesse Carter, Democrat, received 1,105, and John Scovern, Eepublican, 920. At the November election in 1880 the vote of the county, by precincts, for the office of Governor, was as follows: DEMOCRAT. REPUBLICAN, NATIONAL. T. J. Crittenden. D. P. Dyer. L. A. Brown. Liberty 184 103 77 Fabius 241 39 51 Glenwood 93 111 83 Chariton 94 36 37 Prairie 186 170 106 SaltRiver 92 75 58 Independence. 179 48 58 Total 1,068 581 460 By comparison it will be seen that these aggregates nearly agree with the votes cast at that election for the presidential can- didates. At the election in 1882 William H. Hatch, Democrat, received 1,031 votes in Schuyler County, for the office of con- gressman, while his opponents, John M. Glover, also a Democrat, received 949, and F. A. Leavitt, National, 19 votes; and at the same time W. C. Berry, Democrat, received 1,039 votes for the office of representative in the Legislature, and his opponent, F. M. Eose, Eepublican, 1,019. At the November election in 1884 William H. Hatch received 1,231 votes in the county, for the office of congressman, and his opponent, Abram L. Gray, 990; and at the same time W. M. Vancleve, Democrat, received 1,211 votes for the office of State senator, and his opponent, Morris Tuttle, Eepublican, received 1,016 votes; and Nathan M. Shelton received 1,253 votes in the county for the office of representative in the Legislature, and Frank A. Irvin 967 for the same office. 642 HlSfOKY OS' SOaUYLteE COUNTY. In 1886 William H. Hatch received 1,290 votes in the county for the office of congressman, and his opponent, William P. Har- rison, 973. William H. Sears, Democrat, received 1,271 votes for the office of Sta,te senator, and his opponent, Thomas Moody, Republican, 983; and Nat. M. Shelton, 1,327 votes for represent- ative in the Legislature, and his opponent, H. P. Minium, 930. Population. — The following table, which has been compiled from the United States Census Reports, shows the population of Schuyler County for the years noted, commencing with the year 1850, at which time the first census was taken after the county was organized. The table shows by the column headings the number of white and colored inhabitants, and the aggregate, together with the number of native and foreign born. The lat- ter are principally Germans. Year. White. Colored. Total. Native. Foreign. 1850 3,830 6,658 8,806 10,461 ,57 39 14 9 3,387 6,697 8,830 10,470 *3,174 6,480 8,500 10,132 *118 1860 317 1870 1880 330 338 *Estimated. According to this table, the reader will observe that from 1850 to 1860 the population of the county more than doubled, and this is owing to the fact that during that decade there was a much greater influx of settlers than at any other period of its existence. Supposing the increase of the population to have been the same since 1880 that it had been for the ten years prior thereto, it would now be about 11,200. The population of the minor civil divisions of the county for the year 1880, which is the last reliable enumeration of its inhab- itants, was as follows: Chariton Township, including Coatsville 765 Town of Coatsville 98 Fabius Township 1,836 Glenwood Township. . ., 1,316 Independence Township 1,496 Liberty Township, including Lancaster 1,739 Town of Lancaster 538 Prairie Township, including Queen City 3,337 Town of Queen City 357 Salt River Township, including Green Top 1,111 Town of Green Top 330 STATE OF MiSSOUEt. 643 Finances. — As soon as the goyernment of the comity of Schuy- ler was fully established, it became necessary to provide for the accumulation of a revenue to support it; and for that purpose the county court, at its special July term, 1845, made the following entry: "Ordered that the amount of county revenue levied and collected for county purposes for the year 1845 shall be as fol- lows: upon all licenses for groceries and dramshops there shall be levied and collected for county purposes 100 per cent upon the amount levied and collected for State purposes; on all mer- chants' license there shall be levied and collected for county pur- poses, 150 per cent upon the amount levied and collected for State purposes ; and upon all other objects of taxation 200 per cent upon the amount levied and collected for State purposes." This was the first levy on property and privileges after the county was organized, and a similar levy with the necessary changes has been annually made ever since. At the following January term of said court the clerk was ordered to certify to the auditor of public accounts that George Naylor, the first assessor of Schuyler County, had occupied twenty-two days to assess the taxable property of the county, and that the State was bound to pay said assessor $22 for such services for the year 1845. The assessor was allowed $44 for twenty-two days' work, and the law required the State to pay one-half, and the county the other. There is a striking contrast between the time it took and what it cost then to assess the county, and the time it now takes and what it costs to assess the county. But then the county was in its infancy, and there were only a few persons and but little property to assess. The following year, 1846, there were only 576 names assessed on the tax list, and the amount certified for the State to pay the assessor, Mr. Naylor, was $36, being one-half the amount for his services. At the July term, 1846, of the county court, Josiah N. Har- gis, court-house commissioner, was allowed $6 for six months' services as such commissioner, and James Hepburn, treasurer of the county, was allowed $1 per month out of each fund for his services as treasurer from the date of his bond. The county court failed to make an exhibit on its record of the annual receipts and expenditures of funds until 1851, when it caused 644 HISTOEt OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. sucli an exhibit to be made to include all the back years with the current one, so as to show the amounts then on hand. The fol- lowing is the exhibit : Sources of Kevenue. Amount. Amount of tax book $ 346 46 Amount of tax on licenses 205 78 Amount of tax book 413 34 Amount of tax on licenses 42 90 Amount of tax book 426 00 Amount of tax on licenses 59 14 Amount of tax book 419 10 Amount of tax on licenses 34 16 Amount of tax book 358 09 Amount of tax on licenses 57 18 Amount of tax book 484 90 Amount of tax on licenses 97 38 Amount of tax book 642 34 Amount of tax on licenses 93 91 Date. 1845 1845 1846 1846 1847 1847 1848 1848 1849 1849 1850 1850 1851 1851 Total $3,680 68 Amount of delinquent list allowed from 1845 to 1850. . 683 50 Amount 'of net revenue collected from 1845 to 1850 $3,997 18 The exhibit of the road and canal fund drawn from the State treasury by the several commissioners appointed to receive the same from 1845 to 1851 was as follows: Total amount drawn, $3,425.16; amount expended, $1,952.63; amount in the treasury, $1,472.53. The exhibit of the State school money was as fol- lows: Amount received from 1845 to July 1, 1851, $1,493.64; amount disbursed, $1,332.64; leaving $160.99 on hand. The county seat fund derived from the sale of town lots was as fol- lows: Received on lots sold by Edwin French, first commissioner, $604.50; from James M. Bryant, second commissioner, $1,035; and from William S. Thatcher, third commissioner, $45.50, mak- ing a total of $1,685; expended, $1,668.37, leaving a balance of $16.63 in the treasury. The following table shows the comparative value of the tax- able property of the county at the end of different periods, beginning with the year 1855: YEiR. Value of Tax- able Property. state Tai. All other Taxes. Total Tax. 1855 .$ 533,253 do 1,031,782 00 1,936,249 00 1,714,271 00 2,252,491 00 $ 1,335 51 2,482 06 9,829 32 $ 2,374 12 5,987 72 34,312 68 $ 3,699 63 I860 8 469 78 1870 44,142 00 1880 1887 9,012 20 34,584 39 43,596 59 STATE OF MISSOURI. 645 By reference to this table, there seems to be an inconsistency which needs explanation. For instance, the taxable property in 1870 was assessed much higher than it was in 1880, ten years later, and nearly as high as it is at the present time. This is ac- counted for by the fact that at that time property retained its in- flated value caused by the Civil War. To illustrate, the assess- ment on the North Missouri Railroad, now the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific, was placed in 1870 at |325,600, whereas it is now assessed at only $143,445, or less than one-half the former assessment. Again, the taxes levied for 1870 seem unreason- ably high, but, in the amount assessed, provision was made for the payment of |19,658.67 of the county bonds. The items composing the total amount of taxable property in the county, as shown by the foregoing table for the year 1887, are as fol- lows: Real estate $1,161,378 Personal property 844,283 Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railroad 143,445 Keokuk & Western Railroad r 99,500 Western Union Telegraph Company 3,885 Total assessed value $2,352,491 To ascertain the real value or wealth of a county, it is gen- erally safe to double its assessed value. This would make the true value or wealth of Schuyler County, $4,504,982. Railroads. — The building of railroads in the east, and the completion of the Southern Michigan & Northern Indiana Rail- road to Chicago in 1851, created a railroad fever, which spread like an epidemic throughout the west. Individuals and public officials began to look about to conceive plans and to devise means for the building of railroads here and there and every- where. The North Missouri Railroad Company, having been chartered by an act of the General Assembly of the State of Mis- souri, approved March 3, 1851, with authority to " survey, mark, locate and construct a railroad from the city of St. Charles, in the county of St. Charles, passing up the divide between the tribu- taries of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, as near as may be to the northern boundary line of the State," and the county of Schuyler being directly on the route thus described, the people thereof hoped that they would soon have a railroad. And, in 646 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. order to hasten its construction, the county court of Schuyler County, at its June term, 1853, made an order on its record to set aside the net proceeds arising from the sale of the " swamp lands" belonging to Schuyler County, to be used in extending the North Missouri Railroad from the point where it might cross the line between Adair and Schuyler Counties, on to Lancaster. In making this order, the intention of the court was good; for- tunately, however, none of this fund was so appropriated, but, instead thereof, the major part of it eventually found its way into the permanent school fund, where it has done the most good. Afterward the county court ordered that an election be held at each of the several voting places in the county on the first Monday in February, 1854, to decide whether the county should subscribe $30,000 to the capital stock of the North Missouri Railroad Company, and also whether the money should be raised by issuing bonds, or by a direct tax in four annual installments, commencing one year after the location of said road. The elec- tions were accordingly held on the first Monday in February, 1854, and 292 votes were cast in favor of making the proposed subscription to the capital stock of said company, and 152 votes were cast against it, making a majority of 140 in its favor; and 287 votes were cast in favor of raising the money by taxation, and five were cast for raising it by issuing bonds. Then, on the 3d of April following, the county court made the following entry upon its record: Ordered by the court, that the county of Schuyler subscribe to the capital stock of the North Missouri Railroad Company the sum of $30,000, to be paid by taxation, upon the following express conditions, to wit: First. Said road to be permanently located through the county of Schuyler. Second. The whole amount of said $30,000 subscribed is to be expended in the actual construction of said road north of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Rail- road. Third. The whole amount hereby subscribed is to be paid in four equal annual installments, the first installment not to be paid prior to the time of col- lecting the revenue for the State for the year 1855, nor until the money is actu- ally needed for the use of the construction of said road as aforesaid, north of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad. And the court doth further order and appoint William S. Thatcher, agent, to represent the county of Schuyler, to vote or transfer its stock, give its votes and receive its dividends, and to do any and all things necessary for the interest of said county in the premises. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 647 Afterward, at the December special term, 1854, of the county court, it was "ordered that the county of Schuyler, in its corpo- rate capacity, subscribe to the capital stock of the North Mis- souri Railroad Company 500 shares, or $50,000, to be paid as called for by order of the board.of directors of said company by taxation, provided said road is located on or near the present survey, and, in compliance with the present charter, through Schuyler County, as has been surveyed. This subscription is to be in lieu of all others heretofore made by order of said county court." At the same time James S. Rollins, of Boone County, was appointed agent for Schuyler County, with authority to sub- scribe the full amount of the aforesaid stock to the said railroad company on the foregoing expressed conditions. Justice Will- iam Barlow dissented from the foregoing order subscribing the 150,000 to the capital stock of said company. This latter sub- scription was made to and accepted by the said railroad company in lieu of the former subscription made by the county, and nothing more of importance in the matter occurred until Novem- ber 5, 1859, when the directors of the company called on the county court for 30 per cent of the aforesaid subscription of $50,000.* Not having the funds in the treasury with which to pay this amount, the court on the 7th of said November, ordered " that for the purpose of paying the first installment of Schuyler County's subscription to the capital stock of the North Missouri Railroad Company, fifteen $1,000 bonds of said county be issued, numbering from one to fifteen, payable in the city of St. Louis on the 1st day of March, 1860; that said bonds be signed by the president of this court, and attested by the clerk thereof, and that the following form be observed:" $1,000. No.— $1,000. The county of Scliuyler in tbe State of Missouri will pay to the North Mis- souri Railroad Company, or bearer, at their office in St. Louis, on the 1st day of March, 1860, $1,000. By order of county court. Given at Lancaster this 7th day of November, 1859. Chablbs Hale, Attest: Presiding Justice Bchuyler County Court. I. B. Alveeson, Clerk. *How the first installment became 30 per cent of the $80,000 cannot be learned from the records. 648 HISTORY OF SCHUYLEK COUNTY. In order bo provide for the payment of these bonds, a tax of $1.50 on each $100 of the taxable property of the county was ordered to be levied and collected for the year 1859. Then the fifteen bonds as aforesaid were issued in open court, and delivered to John W. Minor, to be by him placed to the credit of the county, on her said subscription to the said railroad company. And at the February term, 1860, of said court, John W. Minor was appointed agent for the county of Schuyler, to cast her vote for directors of said railroad company for the year 1860; and at the same time the county court clerk was ordered not to levy and compute the railroad tax, as ordered at the previous Novem- ber term, until ordered again to do so. No further action of the county court pertaining to this rail- road, and the subscription thereto, is recorded until February, 1863, when Isaac H. Sturgeon was appointed agent for the county to cast his vote on any litigation that might take place in regard to the North Missouri Railroad Company, and also to vote its stock for directors of the same at the election to be held in April of that year. He was reappointed yearly until Feb- ruary, 1867, when he was reappointed to serve until his power was revoked. After the aforesaid bonds became due and payable, and the county failed to pay the same, they went into litigation, and were by the courts held to be valid. No assessments were made on the taxable property for the payment of the bonds until some years after the war closed, at which time it was ascertained that the county was liable. Then the raising of taxes for the payment of the bonds began, and payments were made accord- ingly. On the 11th of May, 1872, the county court appointed William B. Hays as agent for the county, to make final payment and settlement with the holders of said bonds, which he did, and the writer is informed by Mr. Hays that the payment of the principal of said bonds, together with the accrued interest thereon, the cost of the litigation, and attorneys' fees, required nearly $30,000 of the people's money. No other bonds having been issued on the subscription of the $50,000 made to the capital stock of this railroad company, no effort was made on the part of the company to collect the bal- ance of the said subscription, and the amount that is required to STATE OF MISSOURI. 649 redeem the aforesaid bonds, being nearly $30,000, is all that that railroad has cost the people. After this amount had all been paid, there remained in the fund raised for that purpose a small balance, which was disposed of in accordance with the following preamble and order of the county court, made June 9, 1873: Whereas, the debt b}' Schuyler County to the North Missouri Railroad Company has been paid in full, and. Whereas, there is a small surplus of money collected for the payment of said debt. Thefrefore, it is ordered that said money collected for said purpose, be trans- ferred to the building fund of said county. This company commenced paying taxes on its railroad prop- erty in the county soon after its road was completed, and the following shows the amount annually paid into the county treasury for the last seven years: 1881, $2,438.28; 1882, $1,327.98; 1883, $2,954.64; 1884, $2,448.20; 1885, $2,447.06; 1886, $2,150.46; 1887, $2,108.86. For these years the average asEessed value of this railroad in Schuyler County has been $124,008, and the average amount of taxes annually received has been $2,267.92. The annual interest on $30,000, the amount the people have invested in said rail- road, at 7 per cent, is $2,100. Thus it will be seen that the taxes paid by the company each year is a fraction over 7 per cent on the amount the people have invested. The Mississippi & Missouri Biver Air Line Railroad. — On the 7th of November, 1860, the county court of Schuyler County, on petition of a number of her citizens, ordered the holding of elections at the several voting places in the county on the 15th of December, 1860, "to test the sense of the voters of said county on the proposition of the county subscribing the sum of $100,000 to the capital stock of - the Mississippi & Missouri Eiver Railroad Company." The elections were accordingly held, and 519 votes were cast in favor of, and 417 against, the proposition. The majority not being sufficient, the project was defeated. Again on Tuesday after the first Monday of November, in 1869, another election was held at the several vot- ing places in the county on the proposition to subscribe $50,000 to the capital stock of said railroad, and this proposition was also rejected. Then, on the 7th of June, 1870, another election 41 650 HISTORY OF 8CHUYLEE COUNTY. was held, this time on the proposition to subscribe $75,000 to the capital stock of the railroad, as it was then called the Mis- sissippi & Missouri Biver Air Line Eailroad, and this time the proposition was carried by the necessary majority. But after- ward it became apparent to the people and to the court that there was much more prospect of the completion of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway, and for that reason the court refused to subscribe to the capital stock of the Mississippi & Missouri Eiver Air Line Eailroad Company ; and so it was, for that road never was built at all. The Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad and Bonds. — The Alexandria & Bloomfield Eailroad Company was chartered by the General Assembly of the State of Missouri in the year 1857. Its object was then to build a road from Alexandria, in Clark County, Mo., to Bloomfield, in Davis County, Iowa. In 1866 it was authorized by an act of the General Assembly to change its name to that of the Alexandria & Nebraska City Eail- road Company, and to extend its line through the northern coun- ties of Missouri in the direction of Nebraska City. By the terms of the original charter of this company, county courts of the counties through which the railroad was located were empowered to subscribe to the capital stock of said company, without submit- ting the question of a vote of the people. In 1870 this company and the Iowa Southern Eailroad Company consolidated, and organized a new company under the name and style of the Mis- souri, Iowa & Nebraska Eailway Company. On May 30, 1871, a mass meeting, containing delegates from Queen City, Glenwood, Coatsville and Lancaster, convened at the court-house to hear and consider the following propositions from Henry Hill, superintendent of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Eailway Company. The proposition was then read by Mr. Hill, as follows: I propose to build the main line of tlic Missouri, Iowa & Nebraslia Rail- way from east to west tlirough Schuyler County, within ten months from date, to the Nortii Missouri Railroad in said county, for the sum of |175,000, payable in twenty years' bonds of said county at 8 per cent interest, $150,000 as a county subscription, and $25,000 as township subscriptions. The bonds to be due and delivered when said railroad is completed and cars running thereon to the said North Missouri Railroad, in said county. I propose to build, either by the way of Lancaster or Queen City, to said North Missouri Railroad, and to establish a STATE OF MISSOURI. 651 permaaent depot within ttie present corporate limits of tlie towns aforesaid througli which said railroad is built. I further propose, in case the Mississippi Valley & Western Railroad is built through said county to the North Missouri Railroad within two years from the 3d day of May, 1871, and said county is com- pelled to pay $75,000. which is now voted to said Mississippi Valley & West- ern Railroad, our company is pledged to pay back to the county of Schuyler the said sum of $75,000. Provided, however, that said county of Schuyler shall not issue and deliver bonds in said amount of $75,000 to said Mississippi Valley & Western Railroad to be in anywise payable upon conditions otherwise than that said Mississippi Valley & Western Railroad is completed to said North Missouri Railroad, as required, within two ytars from the 3d day of May, 1871. Signed, Henet Hill, Superintendent. Then the following resohition was unanimously adopted: Resolved, That our county court be requested by this meeting to subscribe to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company $175,000, subject to the conditions to be adopted at a meeting to be held next Saturday, and also subject to its ratification by a majority of the voters of the county by vote or petition. A committee of three from each township was then appointed to confer and arrange for further business. At the afternoon session this committee reported the following resolutions: "First, this committee accepts Mr. Hill's proposition as to points designated just, as stated by Mr. Hill. Second, this com- mittee recommends to the meeting to be held on Saturday, that the county subscribe |125,000, and the townships through which the road runs $50,000, to make up the $175,000 called for by Mr. Hill. Third, This committee pledges itself, individually and collectively, to support the proposed railroad tax." The report of the committee was adopted by the meeting, and an invitation extended to the members of the county court to meet with the people on the following Saturday, and report what course they were willing to pursue. The announced mass meet- ing was held, and the course that the county court was willing to pursue is plainly set forth in the following order, made on the 5th day of June, 1871, upon a petition therefor signed by many prominent citizens, and which was filed and recorded: The county court of Schuyler County, Missouri, for and in behalf of said county, hereby subscribes to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad Company the sum of $125,000, to be paid in bonds of the county run- ning twenty years at 8 per cent interest, to be issued and delivered when the main line of said road shall be completed to and intersecting the North Missouri Railroad in said county, and thecars running thereon, as hereinafter set forth 652 HISTOEY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. and subject to the following express conditions, to wit: The main line of said railroad shall be completed from east to west through said county, as aforesaid, within ten months from the date of this order, and regular daily trains operated thereon, and shall be built either by the way of the town of Lancaster or of the town of Queen City, and permanent freight and passenger depots, built and established within the present corporate limit of said towns through which said railroad may be built. In case the Mississippi Valley & Western Railway shall be built to the North Missouri Railroad in said county, in compliance with the terms of the vote of the people of this county, for a subscription of $75,000 to the capital stock of the Mississippi & Missouri River Air Line Railroad Company, and our said county shall be required to pay said sum of $75,000, or any part thereof, to said company, said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad Company shall be bouuden to repay to our said county the amount so required of our county to be paid to said Mississippi Valley & Western Railway Com- pany, provided that our county shall not issue any bonds to said Mississippi Valley & Western Railway Company, to be in anywise payable upon condi- ■tions otherwise than contained in tlie terms of the vote for such subscription aferesaid. And provided, further. That our said county shall not issue any bonds to said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad Company until said company shall execute and deliver a good and sufficient bond, with securities, to be approved by the county court of this county, for the repayment of any and all sums that this county may be required to pay to said Mississippi Valley & Western Railway Company, together with all interest and costs. Tlie county court hereby appoints Edwin French, of our countj', commissioner, to subscribe the stock aforesaid upon the books of said railroad company, and to vote the stock of this county at its meetings, and in all things to represent the interests of this county at the meetings of said company, subject to tlie order of this court, who may be removed and anotlier appointed In his place at any regular term of tliis court. The foregoing subscription subject to ratification of a majority of the resident tax payers of this county by petition, if not so ratified to be null and void, but if so ratified to stand absolute and irrevocable. Said petitions shall be canvassed by William B. Hays, Thomas Walker and George W..Melvin, and who shall file a written report under oath by June 30, 1871, and shall set forth whether said petitions contain the names of a majority of the taxpayers resident of this county, and if so the same, on filing with the county clerk of this county, then the foregoing subscription shall stand absolute and be irrevocable. The court then appointed William A. CofEey and seventeen others to circulate petitions for the signatures of the tax payers and voters of the county, who were willing to ratify its action in subscribing the $125,000 to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad Company, and to return said petitions on or before the 29th of June following. Accordingly, on the said 29th of June, the court being then in session, the petitions were returned, and "William B. Hays, Thomas Walker and George W. Melvin, the committee appointed to examine them, proceeded to perform that duty, after which they filed STAlTE 01? MtSSOTJBl. 653 tkeir written report under oath, to the effect that a majority of the resident tax payers of the county had signed their names to said petitions. Afterward, at a special term of the county court, held July 3, 1871, its order to subscribe the $125,000 to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Eailroad Company v/as repeated or made anew; the new order to stand in lieu of the original one made on the 5th of June, it being a part of the May adjourned term of said court. This was done for the reason that, as the record stood, " the cart was before the horse," that is, that it was more proper to make the subscription after determin- ing the fact that the majority of the resident tax payers were in favor of it than before. The following is a copy of the order: Whbkbas, It is made to appear by petition that a majority of the resi- dent tax payers of Schuyler County, Mo., are in favor of the county of Schuy- ler, in her corporate capacity, subscribing $135,000 to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraslia Railway Company, a company existing under the laws of the State of Missouri and Iowa, composed by consolidation and merge- ment of the Iowa Southern Railway Company, of the State of Iowa, and the Alexandria & Nebraska City Railroad Company (formerly Alexandria & Bloomfield), and of the State of Missouri. Whbrbas, By the terms of the charter of said railway company, it is made lawful for the county court of any county, in which any part of the route of said railroad may be, to subscribe to the stock of said company, and may invest its funds in the stock of said company, and issue the bonds of such county to pay the stock thus subscribed, and to take proper steps to protect the interest and credit of the county. Therefore, The court, being advised in the premises, doth order that the county of Schuyler (in the State of Missouri), in her corporate capacity, sub- scribe $125,000 to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, to be paid in bonds of the county running twenty years, at 8 per cent interest; interest to commence at date of delivery to said railway com- pany. Said subscription made in these following express terms: When said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company shall have permanently located their proposed railroad as far west from the town of Memphis, in Scotland County, as Middle Fabius post-office, in Scotland County, Mo., in the direction of the east line of this (Schuyler) County, then said bonds to be issued and placed in the hands of the county treasurer of said Schuyler County; said bonds to be delivered by the said county treasurer to the said railway company, when the main line of said railroad shall be completed to and intersecting the North Missouri Railroad in said county, and the cars running thereon, as hereinafter expressed, and subject to the following conditions; The mainline of saidrailroad shall be completed from east to west through said county as aforesaid, within ten months from the sixth day of June, A. D., 1871, and regular daily trains oper- ated thereon, and shall be built either by the way of the town of Lancaster, in 654 HISTOEY 0* SCHUYLEft COUNTt. this (Schuyler) County, or of the town of Queen City, in said county, and per- manent freight and passena;er depots built and established within the present corporate limits of said town, through which said railroad may be built. And promded further, That said county treasurer shall not deliver said bonds, or any part thereof, to the said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, until said company shall execute and deliver to said county treasurer their bond of indemnity, with security to be approved by the county court, in favor of said Schuyler County, conditioned, that if the Mississippi Valley & Western Railway Company, now claiming, by a vote of the people of said county of Schuyler, that they are entitled to a subscription of $75,000 in the bonds of said county, shall complete their proposed railroad, and have their cars run- ning thereon through Schuyler County, Mo., by the way of the town of Lan- caster, in said county, to the North Missouri Railroad, by the third day of May, A. D. 1873, and said county shall, by reason of said completion of said Missis- sippi Valley & Western Railroad, as aforesaid, have to pay to said Mississippi Valley & Western Railway Company $75,000 in bonds, or any other sum, by reason of said completion as aforesaid, they will return to said county of Schuyler .|75,000, or the sum so paid by said county of the said bonds received by them (the said Missouri, Iowa^& Nebraska Railway Company), or their equiv- alent in lawful money. The foregoing subscription of 1125,000 is made and to be accepted in lieu and to operate as a release of all former subscriptions made to said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, and especially the subscription of the sum of $125,000, made by this court at its May adjourned term, A. D. 1871. The county court hereby appoints Edwin French, of this county, agent, to represent the county of Schuyler, to subscribe the stock aforesaid upon the books of the said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, and to vote for it and receive its dividends, and to guard and protect the interests of the county in and to said railroad. Then appeared Gen. F. M. Drake, president of tlie railroad company, and filed his written acceptance of the subscription then made, in the words and figures following: I, F. M. Drake, president of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Com- pany, hereby accept the subscription of $135,000 made by the county court of Schuyler County, at this special term (July 3, 1871), and consent to the release of the subscription made by this court at its May adjourned term, 1871, to said Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company. Signed, F. M. Drake, President. Afterward on August 9, 1871, the county court being then in session, it was ordered that the county should subscribe $25,000 additional to the capital stock of said railroad company, to be paid in bonds of $1,000 each, to run twenty years at 8 per cent, on the same conditions that the bonds for the $125,000 previously subscribed were to be issued. Provided that the said railroad was to be completed to the North Missouri Railroad in ten months from August 9, 1871; and this extension of time was also made STATE OP MlSSOtJBl. 655 to apply to the conditions upon which the $125,000 had been previously subscribed. Edwin French was appointed to sub- scribe the stock upon the company's books. Then came Gen. F. M. Drake and filed the following written instrument: It is agreed, upon the part of Gen. F. M. Drake, president of tlie Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, if the county court of Schuyler County, Mo., will subscribe the additional sum of |25,000 to the capital stock of said Missouri, Iowa & Nejpraska Railway Company, that, in consideration thereof, the said company agrees to forthwith locate their railroad through said county as prayed for in said petition asking said subscription, that they will not ask, accept or receive any other or greater sum than in the aggregate will amount to $175,000 on the county, township or town subscriptions; and that for the addi- tional sum of $10,000 they will not defer the location and building of their said road, but will do as per agreement in their petition. Signed, F. M. Deake, Pres. M., 1. & N. By. Co. How modest! The promise to not ask for a greater subscrip- tion than $175,000 was made to induce the court to at once sub- scribe another $25,000. And the modest demand for $10,000 more, sounds like two parties making a contract, and one of them then demanding of the other a bonus for his fulfillment of bhe same. The county having now authorized the subscription of $150,000 to the capital stock of said railway company, it remained to execute the bonds for the same. Accordingly, William Casper, the then presiding justice of the county court, executed and signed 150 county bonds of $1,000 each, numbering from 1 to 150 inclusive. These bonds were dated September 1, 1871, and were made payable twenty years after date, with interest payable annually at 8 per cent; hence there were attached to each bond twenty interest coupons for $80 each. According to the record, these bonds were not signed in open court, nor is there any record of their execution at the time they were signed. How- ever, they were afterward delivered to the railway company, as the people have found out to their full satisfaction. Soon after being delivered, and even before the first interest coupons be- came due, it was rumored that they had been issued without the authority of law. It was claimed that the right granted by the Legislature to county courts to subscribe to the capital stock of the Alexandria & Bloomfield Eailroad Company ceased to exist when that company, under its new name, that of the Alexan- 656 aiSTOBY Oi* SCHtrYLEE dOUNtif. dria & Nebraska City Kailroad Company, consolidated witH the Iowa Southern Railroad Company, and formed the new com- pany known as the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company; and that consequently the county court of Schuyler County had no right to issue said bonds as it did without having submitted the question to a vote of the people, which it did not do. But, on the refusal of the county to pay interest coupons when they became due, suits were brought from time to time in the United States Circuit Court for the Eastern District of Missouri, by several different parties owners of the bonds, where they (the bonds) were held to be valid, and judgments in favor of the plaintiffs (the bondholders) rendered accordingly. Refunding the Debt. — Subsequently, and after fighting the bondholders for several years without any marked success, fifty- eight taxpayers of Schuyler County petitioned the county court, at its August term, 1879, to order a special election to be held in the county on the 16th of September of that year to determine the wishes of the taxpayers in regard to funding the railroad indebtedness of the county. The prayer of the petition was granted, and an order issued for the holding of the election at the several voting precincts in the county at the time specified in the petition. The elections were accordingly held, and on the 22d of September, 1879, the court being in session, the votes were counted, and it was found that 653 had been cast against funding the said indebtedness, and 445 in favor thereof, leaving a major- ity of 108 votes against the proposition. Thus it is shown that the people were not ready yet for a compromise with the bond- holders. But in less than a year thereafter, viz., on the 22d of May, 1880, a large mass meeting was held at the court-house in Lancaster, and a proposition made to compromise the debt upon the following conditions : first, that the rate of interest on said bonds be reduced from eight to six per cent; second, that for all interest then due, and for all judgments on account of inter- est due, the county should pay one-half in the manner and times following: The full amount of the levy of one and three-eighths per cent for that year should be collected and paid over to the holders of said judgments and interest due in pro rata per cent- age; third, that the county authorities should levy and collect, stA*!; 0* MlssouAt 657 for the year 1881, a sum suiEcient to pay the balance remaining due after deducting the full amount of the levy made for the year 1880. Then the mass meeting made the following entity as a part of the record of its proceedings : Whereas, The notice of this mass meeting and its object and terms, has been extensively published, and a large and respectable number of represent- ative tax payers from every part of tlie county is here present. Therefore. Resolved, First, That we, the taxpayers of Schuyler County, do now instruct the honorable county court to proceed at once to accept or propose and confirm, as the case may require, a compromise of the county indebtedness on account of bonds issued to the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, on the terms as set forth in the preamble, provided all the holders of the bonds, judg- ments and interest coupons due, agree in writing to the terms herein made, and report the same to the county court of Schuyler County, Mo., at their next term, or receive a proposition from the holders of the bonds, or so many of them as may be represented, with the number of the bonds, for the acceptance or rejection by said court. Afterward William B. Hays was appointed as county financial agent to negotiate and compromise with the holders of the bonds. Then, after negotiations commenced, the holders of the bonds made to Mr. Hays a proposition to compromise. And the county court, at its November term, 1880, ordered that the com- promise offered by the holders of said bonds be accepted on the terms proposed to William B. Hays, the financial agent. Nothing further was accomplished in regard to this matter until June 23, 1882, when 160 taxpayers of the county petitioned the county to order a special election to vote on the proposition oreviously voted on and defeated, to compromise the said railroad bonds. The court granted the prayer of the petition, and made the following entry upon its record: "Wherefore it is ordered by the court, that a special election be held at the various voting precincts of Schuyler County, Mo., on Saturday, August 5, 1882, to submit to the qualified voters of said county the following proposition to compromise the indebtedness of said county on account of stock subscription to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railway Company, to wit: To compromise 150 bonds of $1,000 each, dated September 1, A. D. 1871, and pay- able in twenty years, and bearing interest at the rate of 8 per cent per annum; the accrued interest on said bonds now due amounting to about $15,000, the said bonds to be compromised by said Schuyler County giving new bonds in the name of the 6B8 EtlSTOilY OS' SCflUlLEE COtTNTt. county of the denominations of not less than $100 nor more than $1,000 each for the $150,000 principal, dollar for dollar. To compromise and refund the accrued interest on said bonds by giving new bonds of said denomination for said amount of $15,000, 50 cents on the dollar for all of same except the $12,000 interest accruing on said bonds for the year 1881, 75 cents on the $1 for this amount. Said new bonds to bear interest at the rate of 6 per cent per annum, and to be evidenced by coupons attached ; said bonds to be payable to bearer, and to run twenty years, and payable at the expiration of ten years, at the option of the county. The elections were accordingly held, and the returns thereof were canvassed by the court in regular session on the 9th of August, 1882, and 640 votes were found to have been cast in favor of the proposed compromise, and 302 against it, thus leav- ing a majority of 338 in its favor. Whereupon the court ordered, " That the bonds of this county, as specified in said order, be issued and delivered to the holders of bonds, and accrued inter- est, to be compromised upon the surrender and cancellation of said old bonds, agreeably to the terms of said proposition, and that William B. Hays be and is hereby appointed and employed as a financial agent, to assist in carrying into effect said pro- posed compromise." On the 14th of the month the matter of signing and certifying said county bonds issued in compromise, coming up for consideration, the court signed and certified fifteen bonds of the denomination of one hundred each, and numbered from 1 to 15, inclusive, and seven bonds of the denomination of five hundred each, and numbered from 1 to ,7, inclusive, and ninety-five bonds of the denomination of one thousand each, num- bered from 1 to 95, inclusive. All new bonds necessary to com- plete the compromise, so far as it was completed, were afterward signed in open court. The following is a brief statement of the compromise as it was finally consummated, at which time there stood against the county, in the United States circuit court at St. Louis, the fol- lowing amounts, including interest and costs to the judgment creditors, to wit: Joseph T. Thomas, $2,118.38; William K. Findlay, $5,432.94; William Hill, $5,275.28; Henry Luddle, $4,337.76; James B. Dodge, $4,440.72; O. C. DuSouchett, STATE Ot" MiSSOtJBt. 669 $4,337.76; William Hill, $23,938.58; Sophia P. Baker, $6,332.82; Joseph T. Thomas, $1,594.14; William M. Speckman, $4,341.97; all of which were canceled in the compromise. And the old eight per cent bonds, which entered into the compromise and were surrendered and canceled, were the following: Numbers 1 to 5, inclusive; 7 to 36, inclusiye; 40 to 84, inclusive; 89 to 131, inclusive; 135 to 150, inclusive; making a total of 139, thus leaving eleven of the old bonds, which still remain uncompro- mised, and are now in litigation. At the date of the compromise, five of these bonds, Nos. 6, 85, 86, 87 and 88, were held by Clark, and the other six, Nos. 37, 38, 39, 132, 133 and 134, were held by DuBois. Omitting the many details of the compromise, it is sufficient to say that it required the issuing of the new six per cent bonds to the amount of $162,100 to cover the accumulated amount of the 139 old eight per cent bonds, which were com- promised. The new bonds are all dated September 1, 1882, and made payable in twenty years from date, with interest at the rate of six per cent, payable annually. And at the time of the com- promise, there were issued and delivered 154 bonds of the denomi- nation of $1,000 each, numbered from 1 to 154, inclusive, mak- ing a total of $154,000; also of the denomination of $500, num- bered from 1 to 11, inclusive, making a total of $5,500; and of $100, numbered from 1 to 26, inclusive, amounting to $2,600; making total amount of new bonds, $162,100. Deduct three new bonds of $100 each, since paid, and it leaves a total amount of new bonds outstanding of $161,800. Add the face of the five old Clark bonds, $5,000, and the six old DuBois bonds, $6,000, and we have a total bonded debt of $172,800. The interest on the new bonds has been paid annually, and the amount of the principal thereof, the $161,800, together with the accumulating interest thereon, is an adjudicated and undis- puted debt of the county ; but, as the eleven old eight per cent bonds are still in litigation, it is impossible to say with certainty how much the county will have to pay to redeem them. The Liberty Township Bonds. — At an election held in Lib- erty Township on the 8th of August, 1871, on the proposition of subscribing $15,000 to the capital stock of the Missouri, Iowa and a school-house the following winter. The town was incor- porated in the spring of 1869, but after a few years the corpora- tion was abolished. Also, in 1869, a two-story brick block, with four storerooms, was erected, and the following year Buford & Neely built and started a large woolen factory, and the foundry and machine shop of Dunbar Bros, was erected about the same time. From this time forward, and for a number of years, the town grew rapidly, and in 1873 the business men and merchants were John Scovern, Stanley & Forsha, J. N. Shelton, Forsha & Irvin, William Moore, Chattan & Forsha, H. D'B. Cutler, George Eldridge, W. C. Trew, C. W. Walton, P. F. Swarts, A. H. Lane and Joseph Kitering. Glenwood has suffered many heavy losses, by fire. The flour- ing-mill was burned down in 1870, and has since been rebuilt. STATE OF MISSOURI. 727 The foundry has been burned down and rebuilt twice; also a wagon factory, which has been rebuilt. On the 5th of April, 1877, a fire originated in the lumber sheds, near the railroad depot, and from the sheds a train of box cars took fire, and two of them were consumed and three damaged. From the cars the fire went to S. E. Forsha's stable, and a long warehouse contain- ing about seventy tons of hay and a quantity of corn, salt, lime, cement, dried fruits, agricultural implements, etc., nearly all of which were consumed; next the fire reached the large store building of S. E. Forsha, which contained several thousand dol- lars' worth of goods. The goods, however, were all removed except two heavy safes, which remained in the fire. The total loss was estimated as follows: The lumber shed and contents, owned by S. E. Forsha, |1,100; box cars, $1,200; stables, $200; warehouse and contents, $2,500; agricultural implements on commission, $300; storeroom, $1,500; contents of storeroom and goods lost and damaged, $950. The latter belonged to Logan & Co. Some boys had been playing cards in the lumber shed where the fire originated. The following is a summary of the business of Glenwood, at the present writing: Dry goods and groceries — Blackwood & Hombs, B. B. Hale & Bro., C. A. Hays and V. C. Rose; groceries — A. J. Greenwell, William Ooburn and G. W. Ballew; drugs, books and stationery — Spencer & Gray and Jones Bros. ; boots and shoes — William Coburn; restaurant — G. W. Ballew; notions — J. Coons; millinery and notions — Mrs. F. Beard and Miss Nellie Buford; hardware, stoves, harness and lumber — W. Chattin & Bro. ; hardware, stoves and queensware — C Smith; hardware, stoves, queeusware and saddlery — A. Campbell; dressmaking — Misses Maize & Magee, and Mrs. L. C. Hanson; livery — L. H. Case and Shat- tuck & Davis; billiard hall and lunch counter — T. S. Lewis; jewelry — C. W. W^alton ; sewing machine repairer — Jesse Jones ; furniture — J. Kitering; barber — E. Johnson. In addition to the foregoing, there is the extensive woolen factory of A. J. Williams, the foundry and machine shop of Dun- bar Bros., the roller process flouring-mills of Stanley & Bickle, the wagon and blacksmith shop of Ben. F. Woodson, the handle 728 HISTORY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. factory of John Storm, the handle factory and cooper shop of John McMinn. the marble shop of W. P. MuUins, and the large, commodious and well-kept St. Nicholas Hotel, I. W. Stanley, proprietor. H. D'B. Cutler is a notary public and insurance agent, with oiSce in Logan's bank; and G. D. Gray runs a land, loan and insurance office upstairs, near the bank. The phy- sicians and surgeons of Glenwood are J. H. Kambo and J. T. Jones; and the dental surgeons are L. V. White, H. C. Bowe and A. B. Johnson. There- is also a good railroad depot, and at the junction, nearly a mile from Glenwood proper, there is a railroad depot and eating house combined, and also a small railroad repair shop. Glenwood contains about 700 inhabitants. Logan's Bank. — This bank was established in January, 1875, by C. H. Howell, of Centerville, Iowa. He sold it in January, 1877, to Oapt. H. D'B. Cutler, and in May, 1882, the latter sold it to William Logan, the present owner. The capital stock is $10,000, and the accumulated surplus on the 1st of January, 1888, was $46,814.49, and the amount of the deposits at the same time w&s $129,672.20. The Press. — The Glenwood Criterion was established in 1870, by Messrs. Cutler & Wilcox, and in 1872 Cutler became sole proprietor, and continued the publication of the paper, with the exception of one year (1876), until July, 1884, when he sold it to G. D. Gray, who published it about a year, and then sold it to Grant M. Potter. ■ The latter ran it six months, and then sold it to G. C. Miller and others, who conveyed it, in May, 1887, to W. D. Powell, the present editor and publisher. During the year of the campaign of 1876 it was published by H. Martin Williams, in the interest of the Democratic party, and, with this exception, it has always been published in the interest of the Republican party. It is a five-column folio, is ably edited, and has a large circulation. Societies. — Glenwood Lodge No. 427, A. F. & A. M., was or- ganized under a charter dated October 17, 1873. Among its char- ter members were W. C. C. Steele, W. M. ; Stephen Caywood, S. W. ; W. F. Staples, J. W. ; Aseph Dunbar and William Buford. The present officers are William Logan, W. M. ; O. B. Spencer, S. W. ; H. A. Jones, J. W. ; A. H. P. Smith, Treas. ; H. D'B. Cutler, _J^(0' 1 *J V?; /^^ ^U^^ A-^~^ // ^' COATESVILLE SCHUYLER CO. STATE OF MISSOUEI. 729 Sec. ; G. R. Hombs, S. D. ; V. C. Eose, J. D. ; and M. Kennedy, Tyler. Glenwood Lodge, No. 233, I. O. O. F., was instituted at Glen- wood under charter dated May 17, 1870. The charter members were G. D. Gray, Hufty Dye, Henry Chattin, Leroy Hays and Charles Daniel. The present officers are 0. W. Walton, N. G. ; J. H. Eambo, V. G. ; J. P. Stewart, Eec. Sec. ; G. D. Gray, Per. Sec, and W. Chattin, Treas. This lodge and Glen- wood Lodge, No. 4:27, A. F. & A. M., own one of the finest halls outside of the large cities. It was erected jointly by the two lodges in 1885 at a cost of about $1,600. It consists of the second story of a brick block containing two large store rooms on the first floor. The hall contains ample reception and preparation rooms and other conveniences, and is used by all the secret societies of the town. Glenwood Encampment, No. 34, was instituted under a charter dated May 23, 1873, and the charter members were John Baker, G. D. Gray, P. T. Hughs, A. J. Baker, Wesley Ferrell and A. K. Oowgill. Libby Lodge, No. 71, Daughters of Rebekah. — The charter members of this lodge were G. D. Gray, O. Thompson, James W. Howard, Eobert N. Bartlett, Henry Chattin, William Chattin, Emma Gray, Cornelia Thompson, Hattie L. Howard, M. P. Bart- lett and Mary Chattin. This lodge is auxiliary to Glenwood Lodge, No. 238, 1. O. O. F. Glenwood Lodge, No. 301, A. O. U. W., was organized under charter dated January 11, 1884. The charter members were P. M. Eose, William Chattin, John H. Eambo, M. A. Brann, M. M. Mann, A. D. Johnson, G. D. Gray, W. E. Beemer, A. H. Sears and Myron U. Mann. The officers for 1888 are A. B. Johnson, M. W. ; J. H. Eambo, Foreman ; William Chattin, Overseer; G. D. Gray, E. ; H. Chattin, Financier; J. H. Eambo, Eeceiver; H. W. O'Briant, Guide; H. W. Smith, O. S. W. ; John W. Bryan, I. S. W. ; W. Chattin, Eep. Grand Lodge; J. H. Eambo, Alternate; A. J. Tisdale, Trustee for three years. David A. Roberts Post, No 25, G. A. B., was established under charter dated August 24, 1882. The charter members were H. D'B. Cutler, G. D. Gray, O. Thompson, Henry Mulch, G. N. 40 730 HISTOEY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. Bradley, H. Clay Woodson, AIyIs H. Boze, J. Eoss Brown, G. Matherson, Jesse Jones, George Daniels and W. Hole. The officers for 1888 are T. B. Dodson, P. 0. ; William Hole, S. V. ; W. Crump, J. V. ; G. D. Gray, Q. M. ; G. N. Bradley, Surg. ; A. H. Boze, Chap.; A. J. Tisdale, O. D.; F. M. Hughs, O. G. ; A. J. Tisdale, Del. State Encampment; G. D. Gray, Alternate; C. D. B. Austin, Adjt. The Woman's Relief Corps, No. 33, since organized, and auxiliary to the foregoing post, had the following charter members: Mrs. Agnes Austin, Mrs. Catharine Johnson, Mrs. Carrie Tisdale, Mrs. Mary Boze, Mrs. Mary M. Coburn, Mrs. Evaline Stanley, Mrs. Carrie Cutler, Mrs. Hattie Howard, Mrs. Harriet E. Jones, Mrs. Harriet Owens and Misses Frankie McDowell, Kittie Allen, Annie Hale, Emma Woodson and Mrs. Carrie Hays and Mrs. Catharine Dodson. All of the foregoing societies are in good financial condition, and all are laboring harmoniously to promote the objects for which they were organized. Downing. — This town is situated on the Keokuk & Western Eailroad, three-fourths of a mile west of the east lin« of Schuyler County. It was laid out for the Missouri Town Company by H. H. Downing, president thereof, in September, 1872. The original plat of the town contains thirty-five blocks, mostly of twelve lots each. Lockett's addition to Downing, containing two blocks of twelve lots each, was laid out in August, 1887, by H. W. Lockett. The first merchants of Downing were Collins & Clapper, LeGrand & Gamble, D. L. Eingler, W. F. Petty and Stephen Gnash. In January, 1874, a fire got too close to a keg of powder in Dr. Potty's drug store, and it exploded, and burst the building wide open, and set it on fire. It was consumed, and the loss was about $1,000. The town has had substantial pros- perity, and the business thereof at the present writing is shown by the following list of merchants and business men, and the several business enterprises: General stores — William A. Bar- bee, John M. Smith, W. H. Bailey & Son and N. A. Lane; drug stores — McCanlass & Gamble and Dr. W. B. Smith ; hard- ware — Camp Cowell and E. Fraker ; groceries — Bobert Boss and J. C. Carroll; furniture — John S. Isaacs; restaurant — J. B. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 731 Mudd; saloon — Freshwater & Lockett; wagon maker — A. M. Todd; blacksmith — James E. Palliam; handle factories — Mor- gan & Co., and Stacey, Pool & Co. ; confectionery and meat market — George Whitlock; harness and saddles — Eobert T. Gamble; millinery — Mrs. Ann Clapper. In addition to the foregoing, N. A. Lane and Bailey & Son have each a grain house and a tobacco warehouse, and both do an extensive business in buying grain and tobacco. There are two saw and corn -mills combined, and owned and run respect- ively by S. Barker and Shackelford & Co. The latter firm has also a hoop factory. There are also two hotels kept respectively by J. P. Smith and D. D. Freshwater. The physicians of the town are W. B. Smith, W. H. E. Bondurant, James Bridges and W. G. Payton. Of the secret societies, there is a lodge each of Masons, Odd Fellows and Triple Alliance. Downing is a thriv- ing town, and the shipments therefrom of grain, tobacco and live stock, have become extensive, and are rapidly increasing. The two houses that deal in tobacco have ample facilities for the trans- action of the business, and the farmers in the surrounding country have recently engaged extensively in the cultivation of that article. It is claimed that more tobacco is shipped from Downing than from any single station in a large territory sur- rounding it. The town contains two church buildings, one owned by the Christian denomination, and the other by the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Methodist Episcopal Church South. There are also two school-houses, both on the same lot, for the use of the public schools. Queen City. — This town is situated on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Eailway, in Prairie Township, in Schuyler County, about eight miles south of Glenwood, and four miles north of Green Top. It was laid out in. May, 1867, by Dr. George W. Wilson, and, according to the plat thereof, it contains a public square and fifteen other blocks, containing 178 lots in all. In December, 1868, the railroad addition to Queen City was laid out by Lewis W. Coe and William B. Hays, and in May, 1876, another addition, containing eight blocks, was laid out by Dr. Wilson. The first house in the town was built by Dr. Wil- 732 HISTORY OF SOHUYLEK COUNTY. son, and the first hotel by Henry Bartlett. The merchants of the town in 1873 were George Bamberger, W. B. Hays, Jacoby & Co., Herman Herboth and 0. W. Hight; but the following in regard to the business at the present writing will show how the town has since improved: There are five general stores, kept respectively by Miller Bros., Herman Herboth, Dufer Bros., S. Perin and J. H. Morris; two drug stores, by O. W. Avery and 0. W. "Wright; two hardware stores, by P. Schwartz and John Sloop; two grocery stores, by John Sloop and Oapt. Patterson; two hotels, by S. Perin and Miller & Shipley ; two wagon and blacksmith shops, by George Lauer &Son and John Diehl; an extensive harness and saddle store, with shoe shop attached, by J. H. Ryan ; a stove and tinware store, by F. J. Biggs; a music and millinery store", by F. M. Powers; a millinery store, by Mrs. Jennie Dotson; a jewelry store, by Mr. Shupert; a lumber yard, by John Sloop; a gunsmith shop, by John Blurton ; a barber shop, by O. M. Crap- son; a photograph gallery, by Joseph Kent; two livery stables, by Shipman & Lyle, and Crapson & Bass ; and last, but perhaps not the least frequented place, a saloon, by J. H. Kyan. In addition to the foregoing, there is the flouring-mill of John Humes, and the grain houses of J. H. Morris and John Sloop, both of whom deal extensively in grain; and John Bowen deals in grain and hay. There are also two church build- ings, owned respectively by the Methodist Episcopal Church and the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and one public school building. The physicians of Queen City are A. W. Parrish, J. O. CofiEey and O. W. Avery. The town is situated in the midst of a good agricultural country, and so far away from any strong competing point that its prosperity for the future is assured. The annual shipments of grain, live stock, railroad ties, and hoops, are quite extensive. The ties and hoops are obtained principally from the timber country along the Chariton River. The Queen City Transcript, a six-column folio newspaper, was established early in November, 1887, by D. G. Swan. It is neutral in politics. Queen City Lodge, No. 380, A. F. & A. M., was organized under charter dated October 13, 1871, and the charter members were Jacob Miller, Jacob D. Miller, J. D. Galloway, H. M. STATE OP MISSOUEI. 733 Jacoby, G. A. Wilson, F. E. Jacoby, James Carter and E. D. Gardener. The present oJB&cers are Thomas W. Henton, W. M. ; D. J. Tipton, S. W. ; James P. Logan, J. W. ; J. G. Miller, Sec. ; H. H. Brenizer, Treas. ; James Carter, S. D. ; John Black, J. D., and J. H. Walker, Tyler. Oreen Top. — This village is situated on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railway, at the south line of the county. It was surveyed and laid out in April, 1857, by Stephen Caywood, for George W. Gatlin, the proprietor. According to the plat then made, it contained a public square and eighteen other blocks, con- taining 168 lots in all. An addition thereto, containing ten blocks, was laid out in February, 1870, by William A. Sickles and others. It has considerable trade in railroad ties and hoop poles from the Chariton timber, and is conveniently accessible to coal on the west. It has never improved to any considerable extent. In 1873 it contained the following named merchants and business men: Evoe Mullanix, David Wells, S. W. Wright and A. L. Bledsoe. It was incorporated in February, 1867, under the name and style of the "Town of Green Top," and the direct- ors appointed were G. W. Gatlin, W. S. Gatlin, G. P. Blaze, Jacob Witmer and George Lowre. At the present writing Green Top has two general stores, kept, respectively^ by W. B. Reynolds and Tice & Parker ; two drug stores, kept, respectively, by W. A. McKeehan and William Van Note; a grocery and the post-office, by N. Spear; a furniture and undertaker's establishment, by Jacob Whitmer, and a hardware and grocery store, by Gatlin Winfree. Coatsville. — This town is situated on the St. Louis, Kansas City & Northern Railway, at the State line between Missouri and Iowa. It contains, according to the plat thereof, forty-three blocks of different sizes. It was laid out in February, 1869, by Alexander H. Wells, John B. Holbert and James T. Guinn. The following is a business directory of the town in 1874: Dry goods — Hatton & Welch and John F. James; general stores — James F. Fenton and James & Lacker ; drugs — Samuel Rhodes, Niblack & Morrow and William B. Gilbert; hotel — John Dowlin; doctors — A. J. Eidson, M. M. Cook and Sarah B. Coffman; also one school-house, in which a good school was being taught by F. R, "tSi aiSTOKY OF SCHUYLfiE COUNTRY. Fleagle. Four years later (1878) the town contained two dry goods stores, two drug stores, one grocery, a blacksmith and wagon shop, the school-house and a Missionary Baptist Church, and had a population of about 100. It is said to be a great place in which to get married, and that James Coffman, during his term as a magistrate, married more people than any other mag- istrate in Missouri, in the same length of time. At the pres- ent writing there are two general stores at Coatsville, kept, respectively, by Thomas H. Mitchell and Simmons & Holbert; two drug stores, kept, respectively, by A. J. Eidson and J. L. Tadlock, and a grocery kept by W. F. James. There is also one church and the public school-house. EDUCATION. The Log School-house. — Years ago some pioneer settler pub- lished in The Excelsior the follow^ing retrospective view of a backwoods' school-house, fifty years ago: "When enough had settled in a neighborhood, say from three to four miles around, some sage old veteran would suggest to his neighbors the neces- sity for a school. Then by common consent they met at a con- venient place to wood and water, with chopping ax and frow in hand a school-house to build, and while some of them do cut and haul, others hew and maul puncheons for the floor ; and at night they have it ready for the school. Then who is to teach comes up. There is one of them who has learned to read and write, and cipher to the rule of three, and he proposes to teach six months if they will raise twenty -five scholars, he to teach for $1. 50 per scholar per quarter of thirteen weeks, and board round ; if not he must have |1.75 and board himself; in either case the tuition to be paid at the end of each quarter. School commences, and the little fellows have blue primers and wooden back Continental spellers, and the older ones have slates and Dillsworth's or Smi- ley's arithmetics, and in the bosom of their hunting shirts the English reader ; and the school must be taught from an hour after sunrise until an hour before sunset. They are arranged on long benches, and at such places Corwin and many others were edu- cated, and the teacher was paid in coon skins, bear meat, venison, etc." STATE OF MISSOUEI. 735 The foregoing is a fair description of the first efforts of the pio- neer settlers on the frontier for the education of their children, as civilization moved westward from the Atlantic coast, where our forefathers landed and built the first rude and rustic log school- houses. Such school-houses continued for many years in all the newly settled portions of the United States, but the teachers who always contracted with the pioneers to teach " reading, writing, and arithmetic to the rule of three," did not continue long in the business of teaching after the public school systems were estab- lished and became operative. Fortunately for the pioneers of Schuyler County, there were no teachers among them hedged in by the " Rule of Three," but on the contrary there were many persons among them who were well educated. The first school- house in Schuyler County stood a few miles south of the site of Downing, and close to the county line; and in this rude cabin Miss Hathaway, now the wife of Edwin French, taught the first school in the county in the spring and summer of 1841 ; and the second school was taught in the summer of the same year by Jesse K. Baird, at the old town of Tippecanoe. In 1842 James Johnson began teaching a school at a point about one mile north- east of the site of Lancaster, and about the middle of the first term he died with hemorrhage of the lungs, and Miss Hathaway was then employed, and she taught the school to its close. Log school-houses then sprang up in various parts of the territory of the county where there were enough settlers to sus- tain a school ; and after the organization of the county, the first action of the county court preparatory to the establishment of public schools took place at the May special term in 1847, when enumerators were appointed to ascertain the number of white children, of the proper school age, in each of the several townships, as follows: James Hepburn for Liberty, George F. Palmer for Fabius, John Willis for Independence, Benjamin Ray for Wells, George W. Rorhr for Chariton, and John Fayette for Salt River. These, it must be remembered, were the original townships, when Wells and Independence embraced the nine-mile disputed strip of territory. The court then began from time to time to number the congressional townships preparatory to the sale of the public gchool lands. 736 HISTORY OP SCSUTLEft COUNTY. Public School Lands. — These lands consisted of the sixteenth section in each congressional township, and were donated by the general Government to the State, when it was admitted into the Union, for the purpose of creating a permanent fund to be loaned to borrowers, and the annual interest thereon to be appro- priated for the support of common schools. The State then passed laws regulating the sale of these lands, and by an act of the Legislature, approved March 19, 1835, it was provided that whenever school lands in any congressional township were sold to the amount of $800, the county court should establish school districts therein not exceeding four, and thenceforth the districts so established became a body politic and corporate. The act also provided that school trustees should employ teachers, and keep up schools six months in each year, in which all white chil- dren between six and eighteen years of age should be free to enter; and when the income from the aforesaid school fund was not sufficient to keep up the schools six months, the trustees were to apportion the delinquency in proportion to the number of pupils attending the schools, and collect it from their parents or guardians. The same act also provided that all fines and for- feitures collected for the use of the State or county should become a permanent fund for the use and benefit of the schools of the counties where collected. According to the foregoing law, no public schools could be established until school lands in a single congressional township were sold to the amount of $800, consequently none were estab- lished in Schuyler County until several years after it was organ- ized. And the interest on the amount for which any one of the school sections was sold was never sufficient to support a single school for six months, consequently rate bills had to be made out and collected for many years after the county was organized. The aforesaid act of the Legislature laid the foundation for two very important school funds, viz. : " The Permanent Township Public School Fund" and "The Permanent County Public School Fund; the former being derived from the sale of the school lands, and the latter from the accumulation of fines, for- feitures, etc. The sale of the school lands in Schuyler County began the STATE OF MISSOURI. 737 same year that it was organized, and continued from time to time until all were sold, excepting a very small tract in Township 65 north. Range 16 west, which still remains unsold, and at the same time the loaning of the proceeds commenced, the first loan being made to James C. Cochran. The principal of this loan was $50, and the fund belonged to Township 65 north. Range 15 west. The loan was made for twelve months, and the interest was charged at 10 per cent. The second loan was made to David Floyd, the amount being f 113.50, for one year, at the same rate of interest. The amount received from the sale of the school lands in each congressional township in Schuyler County, together with the aggregate amount, is as follows: Township 64 north, Kange 13 west f 131 40 Township 65 north, Bange 13 west 506 79 Township 66 north, Range 13 west 345 97 Township 67 north. Range 13 west 13 32 Township 64 north, Range 14 west 638 00 Township 65 north, Range 14 west 948 80 Township 66 north. Range 14 west 477 45 Township 67 north. Range 14 west 551 14 Township 64 north, Range 15 west 531 22 Township 65 north. Range 15 west 825 00 Township 66 north. Range 15 west 1,009 80 Township 67 north. Range 15 west 771 80 Township 65 north. Range 16 west 519 56 Township 66 north, Range 16 west 85 00 Township 67 north. Range 16 west 698 39 Aggregate amount $8,053 34 According to the report of the county court clerk to the State school superintendent for the year ending July 1, 1887, the county then held secured notes for $6,986.88, that being the total amount of the fund derived from .the sale of the school lands now owned by the county; consequently the sum of $1,066.36 of the aggregate amount has been lost. Permanent County Public School Fund. — This fund, as already stated, consisted at first of the accumulated fines and forfeit- ures, but was afterward largely augmented from the net pro- ceeds of the sale of the swamp and overflowed lands, of which mention has been made in a former chapter. In April, 1876, Schuyler County received the sum of $6,137.84 as a swamp land idemnity from the general Government of the United 738 HISTORY Ot SCflUYLEE COUNTY. States. This fund is constantly increasing, and under the pres- ent law it will continue to increase as long as men continue to commit crimes and forfeit recognizances. The increase from fines, forfeitures, swamp land sales, etc., in Schuyler County, for each of the last eleven years, has b^en as follows: 1877, $77; 1878, $200; 1879, $596.10; 1880, $208.40; 1881, $1,653.58; 1882, $991.37; 1883, $374.30; 1884, $2,266.79; 1885, $1,082.78; 1886, $643.56; 1887, $580.37. The amount of this fund belonging to Schuyler County on the Ist of July, 1887, as shown by official report of that date, was $37,387.07, to which add the $6,986.88 belonging to the permanent township school fund, and the total, $44,373.95, is the sum of the two permanent school funds of the county at that date. These funds are constantly loaned to individual citizens of the county, and the annual interest col- lected thereon is appropriated to help support the common schools. The State School Fund. — This is also a permanent fund, which is controlled by the State officers, and the interest is annu- ally collected thereon, and distributed to the counties to assist in the support of the common schools. It was created by ah act of the Legislature, approved December 12, 1855, which provided that "all moneys heretofore deposited, or which shall hereafter be deposited with the State, according to act of Congress, entitled ' An Act to regulate the deposit of the surplus revenue,' passed June 23, 1836. Also the proceeds of all lands, now or heretofore belonging to the State, known as the Saline Lands, and all lands vesting in the State, by escheat or forfeiture of taxes." This act of the Legislature provided that all white children, between the ages of five and twenty years, should be entitled to the privileges of the common schools. Prior to the late war the common schools of the county were supported mostly with the proceeds of these two funds and by the payment of "rate bills" by the parents and guardians of the pupils ; but no adequate system for the maintenance of free schools existed in the State until after the close of the war, when the present system was inaugurated, and provision was made for the establishment of separate free schools for the benefit of the colored children. Sources of School Revenue. — The sources from which the STATE Of MtSSOtFfil. 739 school revenue is derived under the present school system are various. The State school fund from which each county gets its annual distributive share is fully defined in Section 7095 of the present laws, which reads as follows : " There is hereby created a public school fund, the annual income of . which shall be applied as hereinafter directed. The proceeds of all lands that have been or may be hereafter granted by the United States to this State, and not otherwise appropriated by this or the United States; also, all moneys, stocks, bonds, lands, or other property now belonging to any fund for the purpose of education, except wherein the vested rights of townships, counties, cities or towns would be infringed; also the net proceeds of the State tobacco warehouse, and of all sales of lands and other property and effects that may accrue to the State by escheat or for sale of estrays, or for unclaimed dividends or distributive shares of the estate of deceased persons, or from fines, penalties or forfeitures ; also any proceeds from the sale of public lands which may have been or hereafter may be paid over to this State if Congress will consent to such appropriation; also all other grants, gifts or devices that have been or hereafter may be made to this State, and not otherwise appropriated by the terms of the grant, gift or devise; which shall be invested under the direction of the State board of education, either in bonds of the United States or bonds of the State of Missouri, the income of which, together with 25 per cent of the State revenue, shall be applied annually to the support of the public schools and university, provided for in this chapter, to be divided and apportioned as hereinafter provided." The present law also requires the school board of each school district to levy a direct tax upon the taxable property thereof, which, when added to the income from the foregoing funds, shall produce a fund sufficient to sustain a school for the time required by law (four months), or for a longer period if so ordered by the annual meeting of the district. The sources of revenue for the support of the public schools in Schuyler County, together with the amount derived from each, is comprehensively shown by the report of the county court clerk, showing the amount of the annual distribution for the year ending July 1, 1887, which is as follows : 740 HlSfORY OF SCUttYLER COUNTY. Casli on hand with county treasurer, July 1, 1886. . . .$3,654 70 Amount received from State fund for 1886 3,444 40 Interest received from County fund for 1886 3,553 87 Interest received from township fund for 1886 544 54 Amount received from direct taxation 9,585 99 Total amount $19,783 50 Total amount expended as shown by settlement with treasurer, July 1, 1887 $17,363 54 Cash on hand with treasurer, Julyjl, 1887 $ 2,419 96 Haying shown the sources of revenue, and the amount collected and expended in one year in Schuyler County for the public schools, the workings of the present school system will be seen by a compilation of statistics taken from the report of the State superintendent of public schools for the year ending June 30, 1886.* Number of school children in Schuyler County, white — males, 2,085; fe- males, 1,960; total, 3,995; colored— males, 8. Number enrolled in the public schools, white— males, 1,014; females, 1,096; total, 2,110; colored — none. Total number of days' attendance 205,113 Average days' attendance 97 Number of days of school taught 9,554 Average number attending each day 1,364 Number of teachers 88 Average salary per month $25 Number of rooms occupied 68 Seating capacity of all rooms 2,485 Number of white schools 63 Number of colored schools Average cost per day per pupil $0 5^ Value of school property $35,550 Assessed valuation of property in county $1,993,343 Average levy on each $100 $0 43 Paidteachers $15,482 76 Paidforfuel $918 85 Paid for repairs and rent $1,096 77 Paid for apparatus $1,171 57 Paid for new buildings $450 00 Sinking fund and interest $1,349 18 Salary of district clerks $398 50 Extended $11,145 78 By reference to the enumeration and enrollment, it must be observed that less than 53 per cent of the children enu- merated, and entitled to school privileges, were in attendance at the schools ; or, in other words, only a little over one-half of the ♦The report for 1887 not yet received. STATE OF MISSOUKI. 741 children in the county, of school age, attended the public schools for the year coyered by the foregoing report. And with a scho- lastic population of 3,995 white children, the seating capacity in the public school-houses was only sufficient for 2,485 pupils. It is understood, however, that the foregoing report does not embrace quite all of the pupils enrolled in the public schools, for the reason that the teachers of three or four districts failed to make a report. If these were included, the per cent of attend- ance would be slightly increased— perhaps to 55 per cent. It seems that the interest taken in education in Schuyler County is concentrated in the towns, the schools of which are much better sustained and are far in advance of those in the country. The people in the towns have recently taken advanced steps in the interest of education, and this gives an encouraging outlook for the whole county, and will, it is hoped, induce the people in the country to take a greater interest in the education of their chil- dren in their home schools, to the end that good schools may be taught in every district, and that nearly all children enumerated may be found in attendance at school. The Lancaster Seminary. — By an act of the Legislature approved March 12, 1859, John M. Minor, Reuben Whitewell, E. M. Bradley, Richard Cay wood, William Buford, R. J. Chris- tie, I. B. Alverson, William S. Thatcher, and William V. Rippey were constituted a body corporate and politic by the name and style of the "Lancaster Academy." Thus it appears that the people of Lancaster and a few good citizens in the county were the first to take advanced steps in the interest of education. A good high school was then established, and continued in a flourishing condition until it was broken up by the beginning of hostilities in the late war. It remained disorganized until after the close of the war, when it was reorganized, and afterward became a public school under the new free school system. In 1869, a new frame school building, containing four rooms (now the Lancaster Medical Infirmary) was erected, and used for school purposes until 1886, when it was found that the school had outgrown the building, and that a larger and more commo- dious building was necessary for the accommodation of the rap- idly increasing school. Accordingly, the present school building 742 HISTOKY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. was erected, and completed in the summer of 1886, in time to be occupied at the beginning of the school year. It is a two-story brick building, 65x70 in size, set upon a stone foundation, and contains six school rooms, 25x30 feet in size, and a hall or room for entertainments, 25x68 feet in size, besides an entrance hall, stairs, four large wardrobes, and a number of small closets. It is substantially built, and has a seating capacity for 310 pupils; it cost, together with the wells and outbuildings, $7,500. This sum was raised by selling the bonds of the school district at par. Messrs. W. F. Bunch and D. D. Glenn were the contractors for the construction of the building. The assessed valuation of the taxable property of the school district of the town of Lancaster is $202,815; and the tax thereon for the support of the school is 85 cents on each $100. To show the condition of the Lancaster graded public schools for the school year beginning July 1, 1886, and ch sing June 30 1887, the following statistics are taken from the official report of the school officers. There being no colored children of school age in the district, the words "white" and " colored " are omitted: Total enumeration, males, 173; females, 181 354 Total enrollment, males, 158; females, 166 824 Average number of days in attendance by each pupil enrolled 100.27 Number of days school was taught during year 153 Average number of pupils attending each day during the year 212 Number of teachers employed in the district during the year 5 Average salaries of male teachers per month $55 Average salaries of female teachers per month $35 Salary of principal per month $75 Salary of principal per year $600 Average cost per day for tuition on enrollment $4.57 Average cost per day on daily attendance , $6.98 Value of school property in the district, building, grounds, apparatus, library, etc $10,000 Amount paid' far teachers' wages in the district dur- ing the year $1,407.55 Amount paid for district oflacers during the year $10 Amount paid for janitor during the year $78.85 Number of volumes in public school library 78 According to the foregoing figures, 91^ per cent of the chil- dren enumerated were enrolled in the school. This is in striking STATE OF MISSOUEI. 743 contrast with the per cent of the number enumerated in the ■whole county, who were enrolled in the schools the previous year, as heretofore shown, and is proof conclusive that the educa- tional interest manifested is centered in the towns. However, while the number of pupils enrolled is a high per cent on the number enumerated, the average number (212) in daily attend- ance shows that the pupils were not kept in school as regularly as they should have been. The figures being given, the readers are left to make further comparisons, and to draw their own con- clusions. The Lancaster schools are now under the manage- ment of E. D. Luckey, principal, and the following able corps of assistants: Prof. R. I. Tipton, teacher of the first high school department; Miss Ludie Bartlett, second intermediate; Miss Emma Mullett, first intermediate; Miss Helen Higbee, second primary ; Miss Emma M. Miller, first primary. The school, as a whole, is now in a flourishing condition, and is doing excellent work, and the report of the ofiicers for the present year will show a marked improvement on the last. The school board consists of the following officers: W. M. Hunter, president ; S. A. Dysart, treasurer ; H. A. Miller, Spencer Greer, Charles Burkland, and Edward Higbee, Secretary. To show the condition of the Glen wood graded public schools for the school year beginning July 1, 1886, and ending June 30, 1887, the following statistics are taken from the official. report of the school officers: Total enumeration, males, 102; females, 106 208 Total enrollment, males, 77; females, 73 150 Average number of days in attendance by each pupil enrolled 'H^No Number of days school was taught during the year 119 Average number of pupils attending each day during theyear 96^g Number of teachers employed in the district during the year 3 Average salary of male teachers per month, |55; females, $45 and $35 $135 Salary of principal, per year >. $330 Number of pupils that may be conveniently seated in the school rooms of the district 150 Average cost per day for tuition on enrollment $6.80 Average cost per day on dally attendance $8.39 744 HISTORY OF SCHUYLEK COUNTY. Value of school property in the district, building, grounds, apparatus, library, etc $1,800 Assessed value of property in the district $107,354 Number of cents on each $100 levied for school purposes in the district .75 Amount paid for teachers' wages during the year $867 Amount paid for district officers during the year Amount paid for janitor during the year According to the figures given in the above we see that 72^^ per cent of the children enumerated were enrolled in the school. This is far ahead of the average enrollment in the county, but not as large as it ought to be. There can hardly be a good rea- son why over one-fourth of the school children did not attend school, and why, that outoE 150 pupils enrolled, there should only be 96 and a fraction over in daily attendance. It can only be accounted for by a lack of interest on the part of parents in edu- cating their children. The Glenwood public school-house, which is now in use, was erected in 1873 at a cost of about $2,000. It is a two-story frame building with a one-story wing. The main building is 24x50 feet in size, and the wing 24x40 feet in size, and the whole building contains three large school rooms. A first-class graded school is now being taught by the following able corps of teachers: T. J. Thrailkeld, principal; Miss Allie Updike, teacher of the intermediate department, and Miss Lula Storm, teacher of the primary department, EELIGION. The Methodists. — With the poverty and rough garb of the hardy pioneers and early settlers of this county, they brought a love of social order, and an abiding faith in the doctrines of Christianity. So the voice of the Christian minister was heard coeval with the first settlements, pointing out to them the way to eternal life. The first sermon preached in the county was deliv- ered by Elder William White, of Boone County, a minister of the Christian Church. This was in the year 1837. The second was by the Rev. Abraham Still, a Methodist preacher, who shortly after settled in the southern part of the county. He was also a phy- sician, and ministered to both soul and body. In those days there were no churches, and the meetings were held in the cabins STATE OF MISSOURI. 745 of the settlers in the winter and in bad weather; at other times the services were held in the groves, where they erected rude pul- pits of slabs, and seats for the congregation of the same material. The entire population were church-going, and when a minister came into a neighborhood, it mattered little of what denomina- tion, they all attended — Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian, Chris- tian, United Brethren, or Catholic — ^and all united together in giv- ing praise and adoration to the same God; and I have no doubt that their love was as pure, their prayers as heartfelt, and lis- tened to by Him who rules above with as much pleasure, at least, as they are now in the splendid temples and cushioned seats of the purse-proud Christians of the present day. The first camp meeting was held in the county in the year 1840, and conducted by Eev. Abraham Still and Eev. Jesse Green, of the Methodist Church, on Battle Creek, in the south- west part of the county. They were both able men in the minis- try, and quite a revival was had. Dr. Still was also the first cir- cuit rider in this county, and the organization of the Methodist Church dates from about this time in this county. In 1844 the church divided, and under the terms of the division both branches held the right here to hold an organization, and the field has been occupied by both ever since that time until the present. (Extracts from Judge Caywood's history.) The first Methodist Episcopal Church society in the county was organized at the house of Jefferson Fulcher about the year 1838. Mr. Fulcher's house stood on the northeast quarter of the north- west quarter of Section 5, Township 65, Eange 15. Prominent among the original members of this class were Jefferson Fulcher and wife, Mansel Garrett and wife, Mrs. Threlkeld, John Fulcher, Eichard Fulcher, W. L. Eobinson and wife, George Naylor and Mrs. Mitchell. Other Methodist Episcopal Churches were soon organized, and when, in 1844, the question of slavery divided the church, a new church, the original members of which withdrew from the Methodist Episcopal Church, was organized under the name of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and for a series of years, and until after the close of the Civil War, the latter was much stronger thaa the former in Schuyler County, but since that time the Methodist Episcopal Church has outgrown the 47 746 HISTOliY OF SCHUYLER COUNTY. Methodist Episcopal Church South. These two Churches are commonly designated as the Southern Methodist and the North- ern Methodist, either o£ which is incorrect, especially as to the latter, as there is not now, and never has been, a Northern Methodist Church. When the officers and members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the slave-holding States withdrew therefrom and organized the new church, they chose for it the name "Metttodist Episcopal Church South," the last word being added to distinguish it from the original "Methodist Episcopal Church," as organized under the reformation of the Wesleys in England; but that did not change the name of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Prior to the year 1850, the Methodist Episcopal Church South had an organization in Lancaster, and about the year 1854 this organization erected the frame church building in Lancaster, which is now owned and used by the Methodist Episcopal Church. The latter society or class was organized about the year 1860, and has held its organization ever since, but during the war period the Methodist Episcopal Church South in Lancaster became disorganized, and has never been reorganized, but a number of its former members have since united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. The Methodist Episcopal Church in Glenwood was organized in 1870, by Rev. John Wayman, and among the original members were Edmond Eogers and wife, J. W. Burns and wife, Wesley Case and wife, Mrs. A. B. Case, Mrs. Henry Chattin, Mrs. Sarah Tannahill, Alvis H. Boze and wife. Dr. Burgen and wife, Benjamin Wood- son and wife, William Owens and others; and their church edifice, which is a handsome frame building, was erected in 1870, at a cost of $1,200, and was dedicated February 12, 1871, by Eev. St. James Fry. Until April, 1887, this church belonged to the Glenwood circuit, but at that time it became a charge, and the circuit was abolished. This church has sixty-five members, including probationers. The pastors of the Glenwood circuit have been Eevs. John Wayman, Oliver Williams, Robert Collins, O. S. Middleton, H. B. Seely, A. H. Powell, J. C. Horn, N. M. Enyeart, Ben. Stauber and James Allen. Rev. J. S. Wilson is the present pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Glen- STATE OF MISSOUKI. 747 wood. In coDnection with this church a " Young People's Bible Reading Society " has recently been organized. Since the Glen- wood circuit was abolished the Methodist Episcopal Church at Coatsville has been without a regular pastor, as it is not at present attached to any circuit. The Methodist Episcopal Churches at Queen City and Green Top have been attached to the Kirks- ville circuit. The church edifice at Queen City was dedicated on Sunday, October 22, 1871, by Eevs. John Wayman and A. H. Hamlin. The Downing circuit of the Methodist Episcopal Church embraces only one organization in Schuyler County, and that is located about four miles west of Downing, on the northwest quarter of the northeast quarter of Section 26, Township 66, Range 14. The other organizations belonging to this circuit are located in Scotland County. The Lancaster circuit of the Methodist Episcopal Church embraces three organizations or classes within Schuyler County, one located at Lancaster, another (Mount Tabor) about three miles south, and the other (Mount Zion) about five miles northeast from Lancaster, and all within Liberty Township. Eev. E. B. Lytle is pastor of the Lancaster circuit. The Methodist Episcopal Church at Lancaster formerly belonged to the Glenwood circuit, and the Lancaster circuit is of recent formation. The Methodist Episcopal Church South has two organizations within Schuyler County, one located about three miles southwest of Glenwood, on the southeast quarter of Section 32, Township 66, Range 15, known as the Bethel Church, and the other located about five miles south and a little west from Lancaster, on the northeast quarter of Sections 11, Township 65, Range 15. These two churches have about seventy-five members. The Bethel Church society was organized about 1867, by Rev. John Perry, and among the original members were W. M. Patterson, William D. O'Briant, William Bailey and their wives, and Martha Cav- wood, Emily Willis, Jensie Stewart and Pertina Mitchell. The church edifice of this society, which is a frame building, was erected and dedicated in 1867. The material was mostly contrib- uted by the members, and the carpenter work was done by iRev. John Perry. .This church has a membership of about forty-five. 748 HISTOBY OP SCHUYLER COUNTY. The following is a list of the names of pastors of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in Schuyler County, since the late war : Revs. William Blackwell, John Perry, Fowler, William J. Jack- son, Worley, William Sarter, Brewer, Doke, J. A. Snarr, Medley, J. W. Owen, Patton, Booker, Williams and Capp. There is also a German Methodist Episcopal Church located two miles east of Sloop's mill, and a few miles south of Lancaster, the edifice of which was dedicated to the worship of God on September, 11, 1870. The Baptists. — The first Baptist Church in Schuyler County was known as the Lynn Grove Church, and was organized about the year 1837. The first meeting house in which this society worshiped was a log cabin, which was erected on the south side of Bridge Creek, and about three-fourths of a mile south of the present Lynn Grove Church ; and the next church building was also made of logs, and stood near where the present frame build- ing now stands, which is between two and three miles south of Downing. Among the original members of this church were the families of William V. Bippey, Garden Petty, Mr. Lake and other pioneer citizens. Rev. A. T. Hite,who organized this church, was its first pastor, and served as such for a series of years, and until he left the county. An anecdote is told of him which occurred while he was preaching during the fifties ; donations were not numerous then, and some parishioners forgot to pay their dues; Hite appealed to one of these delinquents one day, and the man gave him a calf if he would catch it. The proposi- tion was accepted, and to work the preacher went, and, after a prolonged chase, in which his clothes were considerably soiled with mud, he succeeded in capturing the animal. Pi-ior to the Civil War he moved to another county, and during the rage of that conflict he was shot and killed one night while sitting at his own fireside. In the ministry at Lynn Grove he was succeeded by the fol- lowing preachers in the order here named: William Seamstor, Luther Salee, George Line and — Shoemake. Rev. Luther Salee was another victim who was killed during the war at his home a few miles east of Lancaster. The Second Baptist Church in the county was organized soon after the organization of STAtil Of MlSSOttBl. 749 the Lynn Grove Church,' at the house of David Floyd, in the southwest corner of the county, it being in Section 1, Township 64, Range 16. This denomination has an organization at Lan- caster, but no church edifice. It has several organizations and churches throughout the county, but is perhaps not as strong in numbers as some other denominations. The Christians. — The first Christian Church in the county was organized during the forties, by Elder Wills, of Boone County, Mo. George Nichols, John Sleighton and Josiah Hath- away were the first elders of the church. Rev. Isaac Foster suc- ceeded as pastor, and continued preaching and organizing churches until about the year 1858. Prior to the year 1850 a church of this denomination was organized in Lancaster, and after- ward a church building was constructed of brick, and it stood on the east side of the street, and immediately south of the present railroad bridge on Washington Street. This building, of which mention has been made in connection with the war history in this work, was taken down after the railroad was completed, and the new frame church which stands on the east side of the street, and a short distance south of the southwest corner of the public square, was erected in its stead. The Christian Church has grown in Schuyler County until it has as many and perhaps more different organizations than any other religious denomina- tion. In 1884 these several organizations met together and organized a Christian co-operation, and the fourth annual meet- ing of the co-operation was held in Lancaster on the 9th, 10th and 11th of September, 1887. The officers present, and in their respective stations, were R. D. Gardener, President, E. L. French, Treasurer, and A. C. Bailey, Assistant Secretary. Devotional exercises were conducted by the president. H. R. Triokett, of Hancock County, 111., addressed the meeting on Christian work. On the second day of the session delegates from the several organizations in the county were enrolled, as follows: " Antioch, R. D. Gardener, J. L. HoUowell; Coffey, H. P. Minnium; Down- ing, J. K. P. Tadlock; Lancaster, A. C. Bailey, E. L. French J. L. Baker, Moses Baker; Liberty, White, See- Pleasant Grove, F. M. Rose, Thomas McGoldrick, Shoemate; Tippecanoe, T. W. Yates and Marian. Bridge Creek, Darby, Fairview and Green Top were not represented." 750 Bistort? op sodUYLER coun*^. Committee on permanent organization reported for presi- dent, R. D. Gardener; treasurer, E. L. French; secretary, A. C. Bailey; which report was adopted. The committee on future work then submitted a report in favor of employing an evangelist for all the time possible, and that for his support the several organizations of the church in the county were requested to con- tribute, as follows: Lancaster, $75; Antioch, $50; Coffey, $50; Downing, $40; Darby, $30; Liberty, $30; Pleasant Grove, $25; Fairview, $25; Bridge Creek, $25; Tippecanoe, $25, and Green Top, $25. It was then decided to hold the next annual meeting at Lancaster. The third day of the session, being Sunday, was devoted to devotional exercises. The present pastor of the Christian Church in Lancaster is H. R. Trickett, of Hancock County, 111. The Christian Church at Downing was organized in August, 1883, with W. B. Smith, Jerome Bridges and J. K. P. Tadlock, as ruling elders; and in 1885 the present frame church building was erected at a cost of about $1,300. The names of the pastors who have officiated for this church are J. A. Walters, P. M. Eose and G. T. Johnson. The membership is thirty -four in number, and embraces many of the best families in that vicinity. Other Denominations. — ^There are a few other religious denom- inations that have organizations in the county, among which is a Lutheran Church, located about six miles south and east fi"om Lancaster, and a Catholic Church organization in the northwest- ern part of the county. Pleasant Grove Union Church, which stands about two miles south of Coatsville, in Section 1, Township 66, Range 16, was erected in 1885, by all denominations repre- sented in that vicinity, and by liberal contributions from non- professors. It is a frame building, with a seating capacity for 300 persons, and cost about $800. It was dedicated to the wor- ship of God, the same year it was built, by Rev. Myrtle. On the county court records may be found the following order made by that court at its January term, 1850: "Ordered that the clerk allow the following religious denominations to occupy the court-house for the purpose of worship, on the following davs in each month, to wit: The Baptists on the fourth Sunday; the Methodist Episcopal Church South on the second Sunday; the STATE OF MISSOXJEI. 751 Presbyterians on the third Sunday, and the Eeformers or Camp- bellites on the first Sunday, and the week following each Sunday." It is presumed that the latter clause meant that each denomina- tion mentioned should have the use of the courtroom during the balance of the week after the Sunday designated for each. By the foregoing it will be seen that the Presbyterian Church had an organization in the county in an early day. In about the year 1870 the Congregational Church had an organization at Glenwood, which built the brick church at that place, and used it as a house of worship until 1878, and then sold it to an oi'gan- ization of the Presbyterian Church, which has since been dis- solved, and the building is now standing idle and in a dilapidated condition. All of the existing churches in the villages of the county have Sunday-schools connected with them, as also have several of the country churches. The Methodists have continued to hold camp meetings at different places in the county, from time to time, from the pioneer days to within a recent date. BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX, SULLIVAN COUNTY. Caleb Adlesperger was born in Greene County, Penn., August 16, 1833, and is a son of William and Lydia (Kimball) Adles- perger, natives of Germany and Pennsylvania, respectively. From Pennsylvania the family moved to Virginia, settling at Harper's Ferry, and from there moved to Knox County, Ohio, about 1838. Mr. Adlesperger was a cooper by trade, and worked at that business until his death, in 1867, at the age of ninety-six. Caleb A. grew to manhood in Morrow County, Ohio, receiving but a limited education, which he afterward improved by self study. He came to Missouri in 1855 when a young man, and located in Clay Township, Sullivan Co., Mo. His time was divided between teaching in the winter and farming in the summer. He taught about eleven terms, during which time he boarded at home. May 16, 1858, he was married in Sullivan County, Mo., to Ellen A. Cochran, daughter of A. J. Cochran, of Vermont, of which State Mrs. Adlesperger is a native. August 19, 1864, Mr. Adlesperger enlisted in the Fourty-fourth Missouri Volun- teer Infantry Company, and was discharged in May, 1865. He served on detached duty, and was the general ward master of the United States Hospital at EoUa, Mo. After his discharge, he returned home, and has since engaged in farming. He has eighty acres of land in his home place, and lives in a one-and-a-half story house. He also owns forty acres of timber in Section 16. His property is entirely free from debt, and he owes no man any- thing, although he started in life penniless. Both Mr. and Mrs. Adlesperger are worthy members of the Free United Brethren Church, and to them four children have been born: William J., married, John E. and George O., now living, and Olive A., who died April 3, 1884, in her sixteenth year. John A. Amerman, a farmer, and stock raiser of Union Town- ship, is a native of Somerset County, N. J., where he was born in 1837, and is a son of William and Eliza Ann (Shanck) Amer- man, natives of the same State, and born in 1802 and 1806, 754 BiOGRAPaiCAL APMNDlX. respectively. They were united in marriage in 1823, and fifteen years later removed to Wayne County, Ohio. Leaving that place in 1849, they went to St. Joseph County, Ind., and from there to Tama County, Iowa, in 1856, where they remained four years, when they returned to St. Joseph County, Ind. At this place the father died in 1864, and the mother in 1875. The father was a member of the Baptist Church, the mother of the Presbyterian. The father followed farming all his life. The paternal grand- father of our subject (Abram Amerman) was a native of Ger- many. John A. spent his youth under the parental roof, and received but a limited common-school education. He was married January 1, 1862, to Miss Hannah N., daughter of Eobert and Catherine Ann Patrick, formerly of Ohio, where Mrs. Amerman was born. This union has been blessed with ten children: Ida (wife of William Lintner), William, Ella, Wesley, Clarence (deceased), Clara A., Abraham, Lucy, Lawrence and John A. Mr. Amerman removed to Berrien County, Mich., about 1866, where he remained three years, and then came to Sullivan County, Mo., and located eight miles south of Green City, where he has since made his home, and is now the owner of 160 acres in the home farm, eighty acres in another tract, and ten acres of timber. He has always been a hard working and industrious man, and has accumulated his property by the sweat of his brow. He is greatly interested in educational projects, and in the general wel- fare and prosperity of his country. He is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Church. Edmund Ash was born in Fayette, Howard Co., Mo., Decem- ber 31, 1822, and is a son of Robert and Mary (Kessinger) Ash. The father was of English and German descent, born in Grayson County, Ky., in 1794, and a farmer by occupation. His father, Reuben, was born in England, and after coming to America located first in South Carolina, then in Virginia, and then in Grayson County, Ky., of which place he was one of the pioneer settlers. Robert was born, reared and married in Kentucky, and in 1820 moved to Indiana. The following year he went to Howard County, Mo., and in 1823 to Randolph County. Nine years later he went to Monroe County, where he died in 1878. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. Mrs. Ash is of German and English descent, and was born in Kentucky in 1806. She is now living upon the old homestead in Monroe County. Edmund is the eldest of a family of eight children. He was educated at the pioneer school-houses, and lived with his parents until sixteen years old, when he could scarcely read or write. He then applied himself diligently to study, and at the age of nineteen began to StJLLlVAN COUN*Y. 75B teach school, at which vocation he continued in Randolph and Monroe Counties several years. In 1848 he and a brother, James B., established a general store at La Porte, in Macon County. In three years he bought his brother's interest and ran the business alone until 1856, when he sold it and went to Macon City, and established a lumber yard. In two years he sold out and was a salesman for eighteen months. He then spent some time inChilli- cothe. In 1859 he returned to Macon City, where he sold goods and bought and shipped stock three years. He then bought a farm of 240 acres near La Porte, and began the life of a farmer. May 10, 1865, having sold his farm, he engaged in mercantile life in Milan. In 1875 he again withdrew, and for eight years farmed and speculated in stock. Since 1883 he has been interested in the First National Bank of Milan, of which he has been a director since its organization. May 30, 1887, he was elected presi- dent of the same, and is now performing the duties of that office. He is a successful business man and a public spirited citizen. He has a farm of 120 acres of land, and is considered one of the substantial men of the township. In May, 1842, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary S. Hord, who was born in Virginia in 1828, and was a daughter of Thomas Hord. Of this union there are five living children: Belle (wife of Dr. J. E. Nelson). Christopher C, Georgiana (wife of William Smith), Byron and Robert. Mrs. Ash died in February, 1879, and in December, 1883, Mr. Ash married Sallie Jones, daughter of Gabriel Jones, a native of Sullivan County, Mo. In politics Mr. Ash is a Dem- ocrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Henry Clay in 1844. He is a member of the Masonic Order, Seaman Lodge, No. 126, and an ancient member of the I. O. O. F. He belongs to the Baptist Church, and Mrs. Ash to the Christian. Melchior Astroth, a furniture dealer and undertaker at Greencastle, was born in Hessen Nassau, Germany, in 1853, and came to the United States in 1872, stopping first in Boston for a few years, and then spending five years in St. Louis. He then went to Kirksville, where he remained until 1881, when he came to Greencastle where he has established himself in the business above stated. Mr. Astroth learned his trade while in his native country while but a young man, and, as he has made it his life- long occupation, is a thoroughly competent and efficient work- man. He is a well informed man of good business ability, and one who has the esteem of the entire community. At present he is a member of the town board of trustees, and holds the posi- tion of financier in the order of A. O. U. W. Politically he is a Republican. In 1882 he was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie J. Sizemore, a native of Adair County. They have two children, 756 tetOGBAPStCAL AI>I*EiJDIl. Clara and Paul, and are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. -Mr. Astroth is a son of Valentine and Mary (Mardorf), Astroth, who still reside in Germany, their native land. Hiram A. Atkins, farmer, is a son of Elias F. and Fannie (Dodson) Atkins. The father was born in Rappahannock, Va., but before becoming of age moved to Bourbon County, Ky., and after that time returned to Virginia, and married. By trade he was a saddler, in which he attained great proficiency. His father was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and died at the age of about one hundred years. His mother was a Methodist in belief, and died in 1862. The father is a member of the Prim- itive Baptist Church. During the days of that party he was a Whig, but is now a Democrat. He is now living at the advanced age of ninety-one. Hiram A. Atkins is the oldest living child of a family of seven children,, of whom two sons and two daughters survive. He was born in Rappahannock County, Va., in 1833, and there grew to manhood, receiving a common-school education. At the age of fourteen he began to learn his father's trade, at which he afterward worked about twenty years. In 1857 he moved to Ripley, Jackson Co., W. Va., and while there was mar- ried in 1861 to Mary J. Mairs, daughter of Dr. Joseph Mairs. In 1867 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., and settled upon the farm where he now lives. To himself and wife five children have been born, four of whom are living: Joseph G., Fannie M., Maud v., Elias W. and Mark D. C. (deceased). Mrs. Atkins is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and since 1854 Mr. Atkins has belonged to the Masonic fraternity, and since 1865 to the I. O. O. F. For twenty years he has resided in Sullivan County, Mo., and since that time has become the owner of 300 acres of land, and has taken his place among the well- known and highly-respected citizens of the county. He has not escaped public notice, and from 1874 to 1878 served as treasurer of Duncan Township; from 1878 to 1880 as county assessor, and from 1880 to 1884 as township assessor. C. Victor Aubry, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of France, and was born October 3, 1827. His father, C. Bonaparte Aubry, and his mother, Searaphine Godard, were both natives of France. The family immigrated to the United States in 1829, and located in New York City. The elder Aubry was a carpenter, and fol- lowed that occupation in New York for about ten years. He then removed to New Orleans, and after remaining there several years went to California, where he died in about 1870. C. V. Aubry grew to manhood in New York City, receiving a fair edu- cation in English, and learning the carpenter's trade. He served an apprenticeship of six years, after which he worked at the busi- SULLIVAN COUNTY. 757 ness about ten years in that city. Then, for seven years, he trav- eled for a wholesale liquor house through New York, New Jer- sey and Pennsylvania. He was a member of the Eighth Regi- ment National Guards for nine years during his residence in New York, and served as second lieutenant. His company assisted in the obsequies of Henry Clay, June 29, 1852, accom- panying the remains from Jersey City to Ashland, Ky., and they were also in the Astorian Place riot in New York City, caused by MoReady and Forrest. He came west in 1854 to Iowa, and settled in Iowa County, where he lived about two years, then moved to Wayne County, and a little later to Chariton, Iowa, where he engaged in the wagon-making business. In July, 1862, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, as a pri- vate, and was honorably discharged for disability in November of the same year. He then returned to Iowa, and lived in Lucas County until 1870, working at wagon making. In September, 1870, he removed to Missouri, and bought the farm upon which he now resides. He bought raw land, from which he has made a fine farm. He has 120 acres, all nicely improved, with good buildings, etc. November 25, 1858, he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza J., daughter of William Anderson, of Lucas County, Iowa. Mrs. Aubry was born in Indiana, and was reared mainly in Illinois and Iowa. Of this marriage there are five children: Matilda C, widow of Thomas L. W. Vender shuU (deceased); William W. P., a young man at home; Victor Lafayette, Francis Joe, and Claud Bonaparte. Mr. Aubry is a member of the G. A. R., and himself and wife are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Aubry is a generous, social and hospitable gentleman. Christian Anspach, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 5, 1816. His father was a native of Penn- sylvania, and when a young man went to Ohio, before that State was admitted to the Union. He was one of the first settlers in Perry County, and died upon the farm he improved. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. His wife, Christina Anspach, was a native of Lancaster County, Penn. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Perry County, Ohio, where he was married November 30, 1834, to Miss Margaret Otis, a native of the county. To this marriage three children were born: John P., of Kansas City; William W., of Hamburgh, Iowa; and Susan E., wife of- A. C. Dennis. Mrs. Anspach died in 1861. After his marriage Mr. Anspach built a wagon shop in Perry County, Ohio, and en- gaged in wagon and carriage making, which trade he had pre- viously learned. After sixteen yeai-s of business in one place he sold out and moved to Coshocton County, where he worked four years in car shops, building cars for the Coshocton Coal Com- 758 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. pany. In 1855 he came West and located in Sullivan County, Mo. He entered 120 acres of raw land, which he improved, and to which he has since added, until he now owns 240 acres of good land, 200 being fenced and well cultivated. He has a nice home, ordinary stabling, etc., and a small orchard. June 21, 1863, he married Mrs. Marinda Harley, daughter of Mr. Shaf er. Mrs. Anspach was born in Ohio, and married in Sullivan County. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Anspach belongs to the Masonic fraternity. Samuel Auxier was born in Johnson County, Ky., February 14, 1846, and is a son of George W. and Nancy (Prater) Auxier, natives of Kentucky. Samuel accompanied his parents to Eichard- son County, Neb., in 1866, and after living there two years came with them to Buchanan County, Mo., and a year later to Sullivan County, Mo. Here he was married in January, 1878, to Mrs. Mary A. Watson, widow of James E. Watson (son of Judge William Watson), and daughter of Charles Haley (see sketch). After his marriage Mr. Auxier settled upon the farm where he now resides. He owns 1,080 acres of land in his home place, 1,000 fenced, 800 of which are in good pasture land, and 200 in well timbered meadow and farming land. He resides in a nice two-story house, situated upon the town limits of Wintersville, and surrounded with barns and a good orchard of 200 trees. He has a tract of 80 acres of pasture land, about a mile and a half distant, in another tract. Mrs. Auxier had five children by her first marriage: Charles W. Watson, Eachel (wife of Thomas Cutsinger), Florence, Minnie A. and Hampton. To her union with Mr. Auxier two children have been born: James T. and Mary Francis. Mr. Auxier is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Wintersville. William B. Auxier, of the firm of Auxier & Barbee, is a resi- dent of Pollock, and was born in Pike County, Ky., October 3, 1849. He moved to Floyd County in 1852, with his father, George W. Auxier, both his father and mother, Nancy (Prater) Auxier, being natives of Kentucky. They moved to Nebraska in 1866, locating in Eichardson County, where they remained about two years. They then moved to Buchanan County, Mo., where they lived one year. In April, 1869, they located in Clay Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., their present home. William B. came to Missouri with his parents, and until arriving at his majority spent his time farming. He then engaged in the stock business with E. B. McClanahan, and for five years bought, traded and shipped stock. He then located upon a farm, where he raised and dealt in stock until January, 1887, when he went into business with Mr. Barbee, and is now one of the successful mer- 8ULLITAN COUNTY. 759 chants of Pollock. July 20, 1879, he married Miss Virginia V. McWhorter, a native of Sullivan County, and daughter of Dr. F. McWhorter, formerly of West Virginia. This union has beau blessed with four children, George F., Thomas B., Eobert B. and Martin B. Mr. Auxier is a member of the Masonic Lodge at Pollock. Cornelius Baas was born in Holland in 1836, and is a son of Henry and Catherine (Outhoff) Baas, natives of the same country, and born in 1808 and 1804, respectively. The father was a skilled musician, his favorite instrument being the clarionet. His death occurred in 1843, and that of Mrs. Baas in 1882. Cornelius was the youngest of six children, and but seven years old at the time of his father's death. When ten years of age he left his native country and came to America with his brother Henry and sister Catherine. They went to Little Shoot, Wis., where Cornelius lived eighteen months with his guardian, John Appleman. He then started out in life for himself, farming at different places until 1850, when he went to Greenwood, Johnson Co., Ind., and worked as an apprentice at the carpenter's trade, which he learned in two and a half years. He then went to Wataga, Knox Co., III., and worked as a journeyman until 1857, when he went to Kansas and spent his time contracting. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company K, Twelfth Kansas Eegi- ment Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the fight at Prairie De Han, and numerous severe skirmishes. After serving nearly three years he received his discharge at Lawrence, Kas., in July, 1865. Mr. Baas remained in Kansas until 1869, and then came to Sullivan County, Mo., and engaged in contracting with success. August 4, 1870, he married Missd Adie Fry, who was born in Canada, in 1857, by whom he has had four children: John, Amelia, Camilla and Grover Cleveland. Mr. Baas is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Douglas in 1860. In May, 1887, he was elected street commissioner of Milan. He is a highly respected and esteemed citizen, and for the past four years has been living quite a retired life, working but little at his trade. Larkin Baker, a farmer and stock raiser of Penn Township, is a native of Carter County, Tenn., and was born in 1820. He is a son of Joel and Elizabeth (Davis) Baker, also natives of Tennessee, where they were reared and married, and when Larkin was about six or seven removed to Eock Castle County, Ky., where they remained until 1853, when they went to Sullivan County, Mo., and located near Milan, where they spent the residue of their lives. The father died previous to and the mother during the war. Both were members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Baker 760 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. served under Gen. Jackson in the War of 1812. He was a farmer, and a son of Andrew Baker, who was of Dutch descent. Our sub- ject was reared at home, and received a very limited education. He was married in 1840 to Miss Eveline, daughter of Aaron and Elizabeth Price, of Pulaski County, Ky. Seven of the eight chil- dren born to Mr. and Mrs. Baker are now living, viz. : Mary Ann (wife of D. B. Waggoner, of Kansas), Malinda (widow of William Poster, of Kansas), Milton, Levi, Dulcina (wife of William Menn- inghall), Llewella (wife of Henry Cheyney), and Elizabeth (wife of A. Gruinn, of Kansas). Mrs. Baker died in 1863, and in 1864 Mr. Baker married Miss Catherine, daughter of Joseph and Jane Couch. By this second wife he had nine children, five of whom are living, viz. : Eliza, Eveline, Susan, William and Alonzo. In 1853 Mr. Baker removed to Sullivan County, and located in Penn Township, eight miles northeast of Milan, where he has since made his home, with the exception of the two years between 1888 and 1885 spent in Harper County, Kas. He is now the owner of 274 acres of land, and has made farming his sole occupation, through which he has obtained all his property. He was among the early pioneers of Sullivan County and is a man of undoubted integrity. He is the father of seventeen children, twelve of whom are now living, as above mentioned. During the war he served a short time in the Missouri State Militia under Capt. James Norton. He was once a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for James Polk. Since the war he has been a Republican. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. Lieut. Samuel Baker, one of the prominent farmers and stock ra,isers of Morris Township, Section 24, was born in Clay County, Ky., in 1826, and when but two years old was brought by his parents to Chariton County, and when about ten accompanied them to Linn County, where the family remained a few years, and then removed to Indiana, but returned to Linn County in 1840. The father died in July, and the mother in September, of the year 1846. They were both natives of Kentucky, and were born in 1804 and 1806, respectively; were married about 1824 or 1825, and were members of the Baptist Church for many years. The father was of Welsh ancestry, and a son of Bowling Baker, who served in the War of 1812. Our subject lived with his par- ents until their death, but did not receive many educational advan- tages, as the country was then in a wild state, there not being over twenty families in Linn County at that time. In 1852 he was married to Miss Charlotte Lemon, and this union was blessed with four children, two of whom are now living, Sylvester J. and Colista, wife of W. J, Britton, both of Custer County, Neb. Mrs. Baker died in 1863, and a year later our subject was united BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. 761 in mai-riage to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Robinson and Su- sannah Morris, a native of Iowa. To this couple nine children have been born, all of whom are living save one. They are Ma- tilda, Ida, Anna, Mary, Charles, Robinson, James p-nd Delia. In 1853 Mr. Baker removed to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, sixteen miles southeast of Milai, where he has since made his home, and where he owns a fine farm of 700 acres, mostly all the result of his own labor and good financiering. In 1861 he joined Gen. Price, in Company G, Third Missouri, and served about three months as lieutenant, at the expiration resign- ing and returning home. In 1864 he enlisted in Company I, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, Federal army, and remained in service until March, 1865, when his term of enlistment expired. Mr. Baker is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Cass in 1848. He is a member of the Masonic Fraternity. •Joseph C. Baker, a liveryman in Green City, was born in Ray County, Mo., in 1850, and is a son of Robert and Elizabeth J. (Couch) Baker. The father was born in Kentucky about 1819, and in 1840 removed to Linn County, where he was married in 1844. He settled in what is now Sullivan County, and about 1849 removed to Ray County, but in 1852 returned to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, where he remained until 1883 (with the exception of one year spent in Iowa and Illinois), and then removed to Chariton County, where he was killed in June of the same year. He served about a year and a half in the Confederate army under Gen. Price, and after his return home he joined the Missouri State Militia as a carpenter. The mother was born in Tennessee, and is still living. She was one year her husband's senior, and both were members of the Baptist Church. Our subject was reared under the parental roof, and received a common-school education. In 1872 he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Michael and Sarah Peav- ler, formerly of Kentucky. Mrs. Baker is a native of Linn County, and they have one child, Sarah J. At the time of his marriage our subject was living in Linn County, where he re- mained until 1874, when he moved on his father's farm, where he engaged in farming for eight years. He then went to Win- igan and engaged in the stock business. From there he went to Sumner, in Chariton County, and two years afterward to Carroll, at both of which places he engaged in the livery business. In 1866 he came to Green City, where he has since carried on the same business. He was town marshal for one year while at Sumner. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for S. J. Tilden in 1876. In 1870 and 1871 he was in the Gov- ernment employ, teaming and hauling supplies to the soldiers 48 762 BULLIYAN COUNTY. from Fort Leavenworth to the mountains in the Indian Terri- tory, Tom Fields being first in command. Lindley M. Baldridge was born in Lincoln County, Mo., December 21, 1837. His father, Wilson Baldridge, is a native of Tennessee, and when a young man came to Missouri, settling first in St. Charles County, where he married Mahala Taggart, a native of North Carolina. The Baldridge family were among the early settlers of St. Charles County, from whence they moved to Lincoln County, Mo. Wilson Baldridge moved to Sullivan County about 1845, where he bought and entered land and im- proved a farm, upon which he now resides. He is of an advanced age, having celebrated his eightieth birthday a short time ago. Lindley M. grew to manhood in Sullivan County, where he received a good education, his principal instructor being his father, who was once a teacher, and a man of consider- able prominence in the literary and political circles of his county. He served as county surveyor of Sullivan County, Jeptha Wood being the first and he the second man to fill that position. Lind- ley Baldridge served as deputy surveyor under his father, and has filled the office of county surveyor himself now for about five terms, and has officiated as deputy and chief thirty years. After arriving at his maturity, he taught school in Sullivan County some time, and in June, 1860, was married to Miss McCabe, daughter of Michael McCabe, formerly of Wisconsin, and of Irish birth. Mrs. Baldridge was born in Ireland and reared in Wisconsin, and is the mother of two sons: Lindlej^ M. and Hugh M. After his marriage Mr. Baldridge located upon the farm where he now resides, first purchasing forty acres, which he improved, and to which he has added until he now owns 300 acres of land. This is well fenced, 200 acres being utilized as plow and pasture. He has a good orchard of about 200 apple and other fruit trees, and is a well-to-do farmer of the township. In politics he is a Republican. J. N. Baldridge was born in St. Charles County, Mo., in 1841, and is a son of Daniel and Eliza Ann (Journey) Baldridge. The father was born in North Carolina in 1812. His father, John B., was also a native of the same State. In 1814 he moved to Williamson County, Tenn. ; in 1816 to St. Charles County, Mo. ; and in 1838 entered the first land in Sullivan County, Mo. He died in 1878. Daniel accompanied his father to Missouri at the early age of four. He married Eliza Ann Journey, a native of St. Charles County, in 1830, and in 1838 moved to Sullivan County, where he now owns 360 acres of land. He was an early settler in Sullivan County, which at that time was overrun by deer and wild game, which Mr. Baldridge took great pleasure in BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. 763 hunting. One morning he killed six deer before 9 o'clock. J. N., our immediate subject, is the second of a family of six children, and when eight years old was brought to Sullivan County, where he attended the common schools but six months. After arriving at his majority he left the parental roof, and engaged in farming on his own responsibility. In October, 1861, he married Miss Jiilia A. Sears, a native of Linn County, Mo., and daughter of Ira Sears. Mr. and Mrs. Baldridge have five living children: Ada Louella (wife of James W. Jackson), Clara Loevina (wife of J. E. Eeger), Daisy, Gertrude and Lola. After his marriage Mr. Baldridge located upon 260 acres of land near the old home- stead, but in the spring of 1882 moved to Milan and engaged in the butcher business. In two years he sold out, and in July, 1885, bought the furniture and undertaker establishment of Joseph Boss, of which he has since been the proprietor. For eighteen months Mr. William McClanahan was his partner, but , since that time he has managed the business alone. In politics he is a Eepublican, and during the war warmly sympathized with the Union. In 1862 he enlisted in Company F, Twelfth Mis- souri Regiment. After the final surrender his regiment was sent into the Indian Territory, where he remained in service until April, 1866, receiving his discharge at Leavenworth, Kas. He participated in a great many severe skirmishes and was in the fight at Nashville. Himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Washington Barbee is a native of Howard County, Mo., and was born July 10, 1825. His father. Captain Thomas Barbee, was born in Kentucky, and came to Missouri in 1821, while a young man, settling in Howard County. He was there married to Rhoda Johnson, also a native of Kentucky. In 1832 he moved from Howard to Linn County, entering land in the latter county. He served in the Mexican War as captain of a company under Gen. Price, and participated in a number of engagements. Dur- ing his residence in Linn County he filled several oflScial posi- tions, and was elected county judge. He died in Lynn County. Washington Barbee grew to maturity, and was married in Lynn County. Miss Eliza Shiflett, a . native of Kentucky, became his wife in March, 1846, and after the marriage Mr. Barbee farmed for several years in Linn County. In 1857 he moved to Sullivan County, Mo., and improved a farm in Clay Township, upon which he lived about thirty years. Mrs. Barbee died in 1880. In 1887 Mr. Barbee rented his farm and moved to Pol- lock, where he engaged in the mercantile business in partnership with Mr. Auxier. This firm carries a good line of general mer- chandise, an4 does a thriving businesg. In October, 1881, Mr, 764 SULLIVAN COUNTY. Barbee married Miss Eebecca i^uxier, a native of Kentucky, by whom he has one son, George T., a lad of three years. To his first marriage eight children were born. Mr. Barbee is a member of the Old-school Baptist Church, and his wife of the Methodist. Mr. Barbee is a genial and hospitable gentleman, and relates many interesting incidents of his early days in Sul- livan County, when game and wild beasts were abundant. He once belonged to the Masonic fraternity, but for a number of years has not attended his lodge. . Alfred Blackman is a son of Eiohard William H. and Mary (Jarett) Blackman. Mr. Ei chard Blackman was born in Eng- land in 1828, and, at the age of fourteen, began to serve an appren- ticeship of seven years at the carpenter's and joiner's trade with his uncle. After working at his trade there until 1856, he came to America. He landed at New York City, but soon went to Illi- nois, where he worked at his trade three years, and then, with his earnings, purchased a 'small farm in Iowa. He lived in that State until 1862, when he enlisted in Company G, Thirtieth Iowa Infantry, serving in the Union cause until the close of the war. He received an honorable discharge at St. Louis, Mo., and in 1866 came to Sullivan County, and located upon the farm where his widow still resides. After coming to Missouri, he worked but little at his trade, preferring the life of a farmer. In 1851 he was married to Miss Jarrett, a native of Angmering, County of Sussex, England. The marriage occurred in Lee, County of Kent, England, and to the union the following chil- dren were born: Hanry, Alfred, Mary A., Emily, Ellen, Jane, Frank and Laura. Both Mr. and Mrs. Blackman were members of the Methodist Church. In politics Mr. Blackman was a Eepublican, and served as trustee of his township four years. His death occurred October 23, 1885. Alfred Blackman, the second child, and subject of this sketch, was born in London, England, in 1854. He was reared upon a farm, and received d good, common English education. At the age of twenty-four he started out in life upon his own responsibility, and is a success- ful farmer of 200 acres of good land in Sullivan County, at the present date. In 1878 he was united in marriage to Mrs. Sarah J. Becker, nee Franklin, a native of Sullivan County, and born in 1854. Both Mr. and Mrs. Blackman are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics Mr. Blackman is a Eepublican. He has been engaged in farming all his life, and by honesty and integrity has won the confidence and esteem of his neighbors and associates. John Blanchard, one of the prominent farmers and stock rais- ers of Sullivan County, is a native of Edgar County, 111., where BIOGRAPHICAL AtPENDlX. 765 he was born in 1831, and is the eldest of eleven children, five of whom are now living, of Horatio and Rebecca (Hannah) Blanch- ard, natives of Brown County, Ohio. The father is of French descent, and was born m 1806, married in 1830, and the same year moved to Edgar County, 111., where he entered a tract of land, upon which he has since resided. His wife died in 1868, and both Mr. and Mrs. Blanchard belonged to the Baptist Church. John remained at home until he was sixteen years old, receiving but a limited common-school education. He was then employed by a cattle firm, and in the fall following the war, with seven others, drove a herd of cattle to New York, the journey occupying 101 days. He remained in New York six or seven years, and in 1855 married Lucretia, daughter of Daniel and Esther Stamp, formerly of New York, but then living in Edgar County, 111. The year following his marriage, Mr. Blanchard removed to Sul- livan County, and located upon Government land in Union Town- ship, ten miles east of Milan, but in 1864 he removed one mile north upon his present farm. Our subject began life a poor boy, and even came to Sullivan County with no capital, but, through his unceasing devotion to labor, and with the aid of his good business and financial ability, has become one of the foremost agri- , culturists and extensive stock raisers of Sullivan County, being the present owner of about 1,800 acres of land in Sullivan County, and most of which is finely improved and under a good state of cultivation, making one of the most desirable and attractive farms in the county. Mr. Blanchard has always enjoyed his farm life, and has never desired political distinction, much pre- ferring to attend to his domestic duties. During the war he served in the Missouri State Militia. For a number of years he was quite extensively engaged in buying and selling cattle, but is now making a specialty of raising thorough-bred cattle. He was reared a Democrat, but cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln, and since the war has been a Eepublican, and is a long standing and prominent member of the Masonic fraternity, having united with that order in 1854. Mr. Blanchard is one of the pioneer settlers of Sullivan County, having located here when the country was in a wild and uncultivated condition, and when there were but few inhabitants upon the prairie. Judge Sumner Boynton, one of the most prominent farmers and stock raisers of Sullivan County, is a native of Scioto County, Ohio, where he was born in 1832, and is the youngest of six children of Charles C. and Rhoda H. (Sumner) Boynton. The father was of Scotch and English origin, and was born in New Hampshire in 1798. His father, Asa Boynton, was also a native of New England, and an early pioneer of Ohio, and where the 766 SOLLtVAN COUNTY. father spent the remainder of his life as a tiller of the soil, in Scioto County. He was a volunteer in the War of 1812 for a short time, and died in 1839. Mrs. Boynton was a cousin of Hon. Charles Sumner, and was born in Connecticut, December 14, 1794, and died in Iowa, Septerdber 12, 1862. She had been a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years. Sumner Boynton was reared under the parental roof, and receiyed the advantages of a common-school education. He was married September 12, 1855, to Miss Elizabeth K., daughter of Col. John and Jane F. Flanders, formerly of New England, although Mrs. Boynton is a native of Ohio. To this union eight children have been given, six of whom are now living : Rhoda, Cora M. (wife of A. P. Miller, merchant at Milan), Jane F. (wife of W. F. Crawford, a merchant at Greencastle), Charles Lee, MoUie and Harry Sumner. In October, 1855, Mr. Boynton removed to Iowa, and in March, 1856, came to Missouri, living for a time near the present site of Greencastle, iu a log house of one room, and without either a window or door. He soon after rented a farm north of Greencastle, and has since been a resident of Penn Township, where he has 680 acres of fine productive land, all the result of his diligence and good management, as he started in life with no capital. The home farm of 200 acres is under a fine state of cultivation and improvement, and lies one mile south of Greencastle. Mr. Boynton has always been an active and capa- ble business man, and the prosperity of the community is largely due to his co-operation. In 1873 he was elected presiding jus- tice of the county court, but ere the term expired the law was changed, and in 1874 he was appointed sole judge of the county court, and the following term was re-elected, being also ex-officio probate judge. In 1878 and 1879 he was one of the directors of the Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad, and assisted largely in securing the right of way and protecting the rights of the county. He has been an active and earnest worker in the Democratic party all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for John C. Breckinridge. He is identified with the Masonic fraternity, and has attained the Royal Arch degree. He is also one of the Board of Regents of the State Normal at Kirksville. Duriug his judgeship, Mr. Boynton displayed remarkable financial ability, keen judgment and shrewdness in the administration of the county affairs, and won the confidence of the entire community by his honesty and advocacy of what he thought was just and right, and for the welfare of the country. When he entered upon the duties of his ofiice the finances of the county were in a very embarrassing condition, the county warrants being worth but 75 cents on the dollar, but, through his successful manage- UIOGEAtHlCAL AtiPENDIX. 767 ment, these were brought to par value, public credit was restored, and the general condition of the county greatly improved. Henry N. Braden, a merchant at Pennville, is a native of Illi- nois, and was born in Macoupin County, September 4, 1842. His father, Judge William V. Braden, was born in Tennessee, where he grew to manhood and married Mary Weaver, a native of the same State. The family moved to Illinois during the early history of that State, and settled in Macoupin County, in about 1838. Ten years later they moved to Sullivan County, Mo., and located near Greencastle, where the Judge entered land and improved a farm. Mr. Braden was a private in the Mexican War. He was elected and served several terms as judge of Sullivan County, and died here in the fall of 1865. Henry N., our subject, spent his life on the Sulli- van County farm, and in July, 1861, at the age of nineteen, enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, for three years, when he was discharged, in November, 1864. He participated in numerous important engagements, among which may be men- tioned Shiloh, Corinth, Lookout Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, and in and around Atlanta, where he was under fire for about forty days, almost every day. After the battle of Shiloh, he was com- pelled to remain in the hospital about three months. He received his discharge at Chattanooga, in 1864, and thereupon returned home, and the following year married Miss Armilda Coghill, daughter of Frederick Coghill, of Sullivan County, where Mrs Braden was born and reared. After his marriage he engaged in farming in Buchanan Township until 1883. In 1884 he engaged in the mercantile business at his present stand, where he is carrying a good stock of general merchandise, and is doing a good local trade. He still owns his farm, which he rents. Mr. and Mrs. Braden have a family of seven children: James, Cenorah, Irvin, Claudie, Frank, Frederick and Mary Leona. Mr. Braden is a member of the Green City Post, G. A. E. He is a social gentleman of good business ability, and one of the enterprising men of this section. Capt. William Brantner, real estate and collecting agent of Greencastle, is a native of Perry County, Ohio, where he was born in 1840, and is a second son of Jacob and Nancy (Oats) Brant- ner, natives of Pennsylvania, and born in 1819 and 1817 respect- ively. When young they were taken by their parents to Ohio, where they were married in 1838, and in 1843 removed to Wells County, Ind. In 1856 they came to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in the Forks of Little and Big Yellow Creek, where the mother died in February, 1861. The father spent all his life farming, and is still living. Both parents united with the Meth- odist Episcopal Church many years ago. The captain was reared 768 Sullivan counts. at homejwithout even the advantages of a common-scliool education. After coming to Missouri he assisted in building the first school- house erected in that vicinity, and that was only composed of logs. This was afterward known as the Union school-house. So meager were our subject's educational advantages that he did not learn the multiplication table until after the war, and even then was obliged to learn it while standing behind the counter, attend- ing to other duties. He was married, April 5, 1860, to Miss Sarah E., daughter of Mortimer and Pirsidia Green, a native of Illinois, but living then in Sullivan County. Five children blessed this union, of whom three sons and one daughter are living, viz. : Eosa (wife of W. L. Preston), Sherman, C. L. and S. O. At the com- mencement of the Rebellion our subject took a firm stand for the Union cause, and in 1861 enlisted in Company A, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, and after holding all the minor offices was mustered out as captain of Company P. He served in the Army of the Tennessee, and participated in the battles of Shiloh, Kenesaw Mountain, and was all through the celebrated Georgia and Atlanta campaign. He took part in the grand review at Washington, D. C, and was mustered out at St. Louis in July, 1865. He was taken prisoner on the 1st of September, 1862, while in an engagement with Col. Napier, on the Tennessee River, and was held at Oenterville, Hickman Co., Tenn., until about October 22, 1862, at which time he was turned over to Gen. Forrest at Mur- freesboro, and from there to Nashville, Tenn., where he was exchanged October 26, 1862. Mr. Brantner had four brothers also in service, three of whom lost their lives — two in battle and one by sickness. After his return home the captain entered the mer- cantile business at Kiddville, and remained there until 1869, when he removed to Greencastle, and continued in the same business until 1873. Since then he has been engaged in the real estate and collecting business. While at Kiddville he served as post- master, which office he also held for a time at Greencastle. He was elected justice of the peace, and held that position for twelve years, and has also been notary public for ten years, and holds both offices at the present time. Mr. Brantner has received twenty-one commissions from the Government and other sources for different capacities, all of which he still possesses. He was reared a Democrat, but since the war has been a Republican, and is a hearty and active supporter of that party at present. His first presidential vote was cast for Stephen A. Douglas. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the G. A. R. Mrs. Brant- ner is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Arthur Brock, a merchant, farmer and stock raiser at Owasco, was born in Ireland in 1817, and when about eight years old was felOGRAPHICAL APPENDtX. 769 brought by his mother and step-father to Canada, where he lived until 1834, serving as clerk four years in a grocery store at Que- bec. He then spent some years in New York, but afterward went to Pennsylvania, where he was married, in 1841, to Miss Sarah H. Seaman, by whom he has had one child — Cassius S. — of Ottawa, Kas. In 1850 Mr. Brock removed to Virginia, where he lost his wife in 1855. Two years later he came to Sullivan County, and taught school for a while, after that entering a store at Milan as clerk, where he remained for two years. In 1860 he began • to travel for a St. Louis drug firm, after that clerking at the Granby Lead Mines for one year, and then at the Merrimac Iron Works in Phelps County. His second marriage occurred in 1865, to Miss Susan C. Orr. Mr. and Mrs. Brock have had three children, two of whom are living. After his marriage he immediately returned to Sullivan County, and located at Owasco, at which place he has since made his home. He was the first merchant at that place after the war and re-established the post- office there, where he has since been postmaster. He has a farm of 155 acres on the home place, 220 acres north and 440 acres east of Owasco, all the result of his labor and good management. In early life he was employed in a foundry, but later established one of his own in Virginia, which he ran for four years. Formerly he was a Whig, and cast his first vote for Harrison in 1840, and since the war has been a Republican. He has served as township trustee for two terms, and is an active worker for educational enterprises. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, and in religion sympathizes with the Universalists. His wife is a member of the Christian Church. His parents, James and Ann (MuUin) Brock, were natives of Ireland. The father was a farmer, and died in Ireland in 1822, at the age of seventy-three. The mother died at Troy, N. Y., about 1850, being nearly sixty- five years old. This lady ha^ been twice married, her second husband being James Cathcart. Our subject is a shrewd and successful business man, well qualified for mercantile trade, at which business most of his life has been passed. Chester P. Brown, M. D., was born in Clark County, 111., September 2, 1848. His father, David Brown, was a native' of Kentucky, and moved to Indiana with his parents when a child, where he was reared and married to Isabella Smith, a native of Indiana. Mr. Brown moved from Indiana to Clark County, 111., where he engaged in farming; from which place he moved to McDonough County, 111., and from there in 1862 he enlisted in the Eighty-fourth Regiment Volunteer Infantry, and served in same three years. In 1866 he moved to Putnam County, Mo., and located in the neighborhood where he now resides. Chester 7^0 suLiiiVAij dotJN*t. F. came to Missouri with his parents, and received a good educa- tion at the Kirksville State Normal School, which he attended three years. He taught school about seventeen terms during the winter months; and, being a Republican, was nominated and elected by that party superintendent of the public schools of Putnam County in 1870. Two years later he commenced the study of medicine with Dr. Lane, of Martinstown, a leading physician of Putnam County. Dr. Brown received his medical education at Keokuk in the years 1875-76. Previous to entering college he had practiced three years with his preceptor, and after leaving college he practiced in Martinstown four years. In 1880 he engaged in the drug business in Glenwood in con- nection with which he practiced his profession four years. In July, 1884, he sold out, and moved to Newtown, where he now enjoys a" large and lucrative practice. In March, 1876, the Doc- tor was married in Putnam County, to Miss N. A. J. Simpson, who was born and reared in Putnam County. To this marriage two sons and two daughters have been born: Clarence H., Zora B., Grasalena and Maud. Dr. Brown is a member of Putnam Lodge, No. 190, A. P. & A. M., and is secretary of same. Philip Brumbaugh is a son of George and Mary (Horner) Brumbaugh, natives of Pennsylvania, born about 1800 and 1802, respectively. In 1836 they left their native State, and located in Ohio, remaining until 1854, when they removed to Guthrie County, Iowa. In 1846 Mrs. Brumbaugh died in Washington County, Ohio, and two years later Mr. Brumbaugh married Mary Sharkey. To his first marriage three sons and five daughters were born, and to the last, one son and one daughter. Mr. Brumbaugh is now an active man of eighty-seven years, and has always engaged in farming. In politics he is a Democrat. Philip Brumbaugh was born in Cambria County, Penn., in 1832. He passed his youth upon his father's farm, receiving but a limited education. When twenty years of age he accom- panied some neighbors to Lee County, Iowa, and upon his arrival there was $7 in debt. After farming upon rented land a short time he saved enough money to be able to enter a piece of land, which he successfully farmed until 1869. He then moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where he now owns 211 acres of land, every foot of which has been purchased with money for which he has labored hard and steadily. In 1852 he married Elizabeth A. Rogers, a native of Ripley County, Ind., by whom he has had nine children, six living: Edward D., Amanda, Martha E., Leonora, Annetta, Emma, Willie, Ida and Grant. Both Mr. and Mrs. Brumbaugh are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, and are regarded as among the worthy and esteemed citizens of felOGBAPHICAt APPESIDIX. 771 the county, of which they haye been residents over eighteen years, Mr. Brumbaugh is a Republican, and cast his first presi- dential vote for John C. Fremont. Solomon Bundridge was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1819, and is a son of Bartlett and Elizabeth (Askins) Bundridge, natives of Kentucky, who located in Missouri after their mar- riage, and here spent the remainder of their lives. In early life the father engaged in farming, but later became interested in mining. Of a family of five children, our subject is the only survivor. During his youth Solomon spent three years' apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade, at which he afterward worked several years. In 1840 he married Nancy O'Neal, whe was born in Kentucky in 1818, To this union eleven children were born, eight of whom are living. In 1846 Mr. Bundridge started for Sullivan County, Mo., with no property save a horse and cow. He settled in an old-fashioned log school-house, and in- dustriously began to make a home out of the wilderness. By hard work and good management he is now the owner of a nice farm of 100 acres, well improved, and is one of the substantial farmers of the township. Mr. Bundridge was deprived of an education during his youth, through no fault of his. When he apprenticed himself to the carpenter's trade, it was with the understanding that he was to be sent to school, and provided with clothes and board. This his instructor failed to do, and Solomon consequently left him. Politically Mr. Bundridge is a Democrat, as is also his father. Both Mr. and Mrs. Bundridge are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which they united in early life. Flavins J. Burns, a farmer and stock raiser of Penn Town- ship, is a native of Ralls County, where he was born- November 29, 1837, and is the youngest of the eleven children of Robert and Louisa (Ballard) Burns, natives of Bath County, Ky., where they were born in 1791 and 1794, respectively. They were mar- ried about 1815, and soon after that came to Ralls County, when there were but a few log houses in the county. There they remained until about 1842, when they went to Adair County, and located about two miles northwest of Shibley's Point, on Shuteye Creek, where he died about 1880. He served as justice of the peace for several years in Ralls and Adair Counties, and for a great many years was an elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, his house being used as a place of worship, and open to all denominations of the orthodox religion. He was a farmer and also the first blacksmith in Northwest Adair County, and received his patronage from over a distance of twenty miles. Mr. Burns enjoyed pioneer life, and, as soon as Ralls County 772 StJLLIVAN coirN*Y. had become thickly settled, moved to the wilds of Adair County. Mrs. Burns was also a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and died in 1884. Our subject was reared at home, and received his education at the rude log school-houses of the coun- try. In 1856 he married Miss Mary B., daughter of Samuel M. and Mary E. Boyd, formerly of Kentucky, and also early pio- neers of Balls County, and afterward settlers in Adair County, where Mrs. Burns was born. To this couple six children have been born, five of whom are living: Alice (wife of A. J. Collins, of Kansas), George S. (of Kansas), Emma V., Pius E. and Anna F. Mr. Burns has since resided upon the home farm, with the exception of six or eight years immediately after the war, which he spent at Shibley's Point in the mercantile business. In 1880 he removed to Sullivan County, and located two miles south of the present site of Green City, where he engaged in the grocery business for about six months, when he sold his stock and pur- chased a general store at Winigan, which he conducted until 1885. He then located five miles south of Green City, where he now has a fine farm of 220 acres, all the result of his successful labor. At the commencement of the war he enlisted in the Union army in February, 1862, Company B, Eleventh Missouri State Militia Cavalry, for three years, and operated in Missouri, but after about nine months' active service was discharged on account of disability, which was the cause of his abandoning farming. Mr. Burns is a Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1860. He is a member of the G. A. R., and is an elder in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, to which his wife also belongs. Mr. Burns has often been solicited by his friends to accept public offices, but has always refused. He has, however, served as township clerk and assessor. He is greatly interested in educational projects, and in the general welfare and progress of the country. Andrew J. Busick was born in Sullivan County, August 27, 1848, and is a son of Andrew James and Aurelia (Carrigan) Busick, natives of North Carolina, the father being born in Eockingham County, in 1811. In 1844 Mr. and Mrs. Busick left North Carolina, and settled in what is now Sullivan County, Mo., where they entered land and improved a farm. Mr. Busick, in connection with farming, was engaged in the manufacture of tobacco. He died in Sullivan County, in November, 1866. To Mr. and Mrs. Busick five sons and three daughters were born, all growing to maturity. Three sons and two daughters are now living, the three sons being residents of Sullivan County. Andrew J. grew to manhood upon his father's farm inhis native county, and when a youth learned the carpenter's trade. Since arriving BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. ' 773 at his maturity he has built several houses in the neighborhood, and has also worked at wagon repairing upon the farm. Upon his sixteenth birthday he enlisted in Company I, Forty-fourth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, as a private, and served in same until August 15, 1865, when he was honorably discharged. He carried the same musket throughout the entire war, and at the expiration of his service turned it over to the Government. He was present at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., and the siege of Mobile. December 29, 1877, he was married in Sullivan County, Mo., to Miss Dorothy J., daughter of Dr. F. Day, of Newtown, Mo. Mrs. Busick was born in Iowa, and reared partly there and partly in Sullivan County. She is the mother of four children: Sigourney, James G., Ira L. and Carleton D. After his marriage, Mr. Busick lived in Clay Township, north of Win- tersville, where he improved a farm. He was first elected justice of the peace in that township, in 1878 ; he was re-elected twice afterward in Clay Township. He is a Eepublican, and was the first man belonging to that party elected to office in Clay Town- ship, which was strongly Democratic. In 1884 he moved upon his present farm in Liberty Township, where he owns a farm of eighty-seven acres, and in connection with farming has a wagon and repair shop which he established in November, 1886. He has also officiated as justice of the peace in Liberty Township, being elected in April, 1885 and re-elected in the spring of 1887. Mrs. Busick is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Busick holds the constitution of the United States to be the supreme law of the land, and believes that our laws should be so made and executed as to secure the same protection to the poorest day laborer that they do to the capitalist and the millionaire. John P. Butler was born near Clinton, Allegheny Co., Penn., October 13, 1846. His great-grandfather, George Butler, came to America some years prior to the war of the Eevolution, and settled in the State of Pennsylvania, on the Delaware Eiver, near the city of Philadelphia. His wife was a Miss Sarah Davis, a native of Wales, and whose three brothers were the founders of the Baptist Church in that country. In the stirring scenes incident to the war of independence Mr. Butler took an active part as a soldier in the continental army. He had numerous sons and daughters, among whom were Polly, married to John Dunmead; Eebecca, married to Jesse Forker; Peggy, married to John Smith; Nancy, married to Ben Kline; Eachel, married to a man named Kinney, and two other daughters whose names are now unknown. His sons were Simon, Abia, George and Ben. His eldest son, Simon, was born in 1788, 774 SULLIVAN COUNTY. and afterward married Charity Lamberson, and died in Beaver County, Penn., in 1850. The next oldest was Abia, born in 1798, who afterward married Jane Bell, and died in Lawrence Coufity, Penn., in 1871. George Butler, one of the other sons, married Katy Kline, and removed to Ashland County, Ohio. The other son, Ben, married Ruth Beagle, and removed to a point near Marietta, Ohio. After the close of the Eevolutionary War a greater part of the family of George Butler the elder removed to Washington County, Penn. In 1812, Abia Butler and his brother-in-law, John Smith, enlisted in the army in the second war with Great Britain, and did service at Erie and on the Canadian frontier, for which service, almost at the close of his life, Mr. Butler was granted a pension. In Washington, Beaver and Allegheny Counties the family of Abia Butler, consisting of ten boys and five girls, were born and grew to maturity. The eldest of this large family was George Butler, who married Mary Ann McCullough, a daughter of John and Eleanor (Herron) McCullough, and to whom were born a family of seven children, namely: Eleanor J., John P., Melissa, George W., Benton, Mary A., and Louisa, the two latter being dead. John P. Butler, the second child, was born, as stated, near Clinton, Allegheny Co., Penn., October 13, 1846. In his youth his parents removed to Lawrence County, in the same State. In the common schools of Western Pennsylvania he received his education in the rudiments of learning, and by his assiduity laid the foundation for the future acquisition of knowl- edge. In attending school during the winter months and assisting his father on the farm during the farming season, his youth passed until about July 1, 1864, when, a little over seventeen years of age, he enlisted as a private in Company D, One Hundred and Ninety-third Eegiment Pennsylvania Infantry Volunteers, for a period of 100 days. In camp near Baltimore, Md., he was stricken with disease, and for a period of two months was confined to the hospitals at Baltimore and Chester, Penn. ; he recovered sufiiciently to return to duty, and was honorably discharged with the remainder of his command in October, 1864, after a service of about four months. Returning home in bad health, he taaght school the following winter, and, in the early spring of 1865, his health having been fully restored he re-en- listed in Company I, Sixty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry Volunteers, to serve one year or during the war, and M'as pro- moted corporal; with this company he served until the close of the war, being mustered out at Brown's Hill near Washington, D. C, in July, 1865. Immediately upon his return home, being not yet nineteen years of age, he came to Sullivan County, Mo., and purchased a, small farm. Returning to Pennsylvania soon BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. 775 after, he induced his parents to remove to Missouri in October of that year, where they resided until the death of his mother at the age of sixty-five years, on June 26, 1886, and where the father still resides. Having induced his parents to remove to Missouri, he attended the Iron City Commercial College at Pittsburgh, Penn., until his money was exhausted, and again taught school during the winter, and returned to Sullivan County, Mo., May 2, 1866. He soon essayed to teach a subscription school in the little hamlet of Wintersville, but was compelled to quit on account of ill health. Returning to Milan, he secured employment for a time in the office of H. T. McClanahan, recorder of deeds, and clerk of the circuit court, and from this circumstance his attention was directed to the profession of the law, upon which he resolved to enter. He then began reading law with Judge R. D. Morrison, pursuing his studies with energy and perseverance. In the meantime he wooed and won Maggie Morrison, the youngest daughter of his preceptor, to whom he was married November 4, 1866. The following winter he spent in teaching school at Milan, and reading law, succeeding so well in the latter that in March, 1867, he was duly admitted to the bar, and licensed to practice in all the courts of record in the State. The profession thus chosen he has followed ever since, meeting with unqualified and deserved success. He is now one of the most able and suc- cessful lawyers of the State, and has the entire confidence and esteem of the community in which he lives. With no capital ,but brains and energy, his reputation has been made by his own unaided efforts. He is a strong and forcible talker, a great thinker, and a ready writer. In politics he is an unswerving Democrat, and one of the leaders of his party. He has twice sought, and on each occasion nearly secured, the Democratic nomination for Congress in the Second Missouri District, in which the nomination is equivalent to an election, but has never sought political preferment in any other direction. Mr. Butler's wife died November 7, 1873, leaving two children, Georgia and Lou (a son named Leon having died two months prior to his mother). In 1874 he married Miss Delia Payne, a native of Johnson County, Mo. He is a Knight Templar Mason, an ancient member of the K. of H., and a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, and his daughters are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Junius Buxton was born in Charleston, W. Va., in 1838, and is a son of Harvey and Sagey (Brown) Buxton. The father was born in Connecticut, in 1796. He was a cooper by trade, but during- his later life engaged in farming. His father, John, was a native of England, and immigrated to America at an early date. 776 SULLIVAN COUNTY. Harvey was married at Charleston, W. Va., in 1824, and moved to Burlington, Iowa, in the year 1840. In 1856 he moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where he entered and bought 800 acres of land. He resided in Penn Township a few years, and then bought property at Blakesburg, Iowa, where he passed the remain- der of his days, his death occurring in 1869. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and for his services received a land warrant of 160 acres. His wife was born in Kanawha County, W. Va., in 1804, and died in 1883. She was a graduate of a medical college in Charleston, and for over thirty years practiced obstet- rics with flattering success. She was the mother of eleven children, of whom Junius was the eighth. He was two years old when his parents moved to Iowa, and in 1856 he came to Sullivan County. He was educated at Washington and Btirling- ton, Iowa, and made his home with his parents until of age. September 23, 1859, he married Miss Francis I. Green, daughter of Mortimer M. Green. Mrs. Buxton was a native of Maury County, Tenn., and of her union with our subject two children are living: Oscar, and Chloe, wife of Kobert D. Morrison, Jr. Mr. Buxton was a farmer after his marriage until 1861, when he engaged in business at Kiddville, Sullivan County. In 1869 he lost his wife, and two years later was united in marriage to Miss Flora V. Earhart, who was born in Cedar County, Iowa, and was a daughter of Samuel Earhart. To this union one child, Nora May, was born. Mrs. Buxton departed this life February 6, 1886. In 1877 Mr. Buxton came to Milan, and engaged in busi- ness until 1878, when he sold out and clerked for two years and a half. In 1881 he traveled for a life insurance company, with headquarters in Bethany, but in 1882 returned to Milan. In 1883 he embarked in general produce trading until May, 1886, when he engaged in his present general merchandise business. In October, 1887, he married Mrs. Mary L. Vanhook, nee Down- tain, who was born in Kentucky in 1855. Both himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In poli- tics he is a Kepublican, and cast his first vote for Lincoln in 1860. In 1862 he was appointed justice of the peace by the county court, and in 1864 was elected to the position, which he filled satisfactorily for six years. In 1874 he became notary public, and held that office four years. From 1861 to 1877, he was the postmaster at Kiddville. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., a prosperous business man, and a public spirited citizen, being especially interested in the temperance cause. Robert A. Caldwell was born in Ireland in 1828, and is a son of Eobert and Mary (Wisely) Caldwell, also natives of Ireland. His grandfather, Eobert Caldwell, was a Scotchman, but reared SULLIVAN COUNTY. 777 his family in the northern part of Ireland. In 1848 Kobert A. immigrated to the United States with his parents, landing in Philadelphia, May 11 of that year. He located in and resided in Carbon County, Penn., until 1853, and in the fall of that year purchased a slightly improved farm . in Sullivan County, Mo., where he has since resided, and which by hard manual labor lie has improved, and of which he has made a nice farm. He has since purchased more land, and now owns 380 acres, 240 being in the home place. One hundred acres are prairie land, and forty good timber land. He is a hospitable gentleman, and lives in a comfortable house, surrounded with good outbuildings. During the war he was a member of the State Militia, and helped defend the homes of his county against the invasions and attacks of the bushwhackers who thronged the vicinity. He has raised a family of seven children, and lost five in infancy. Those living are: Robert (married and at home), William (married and at home), Mary J. (wife of Mathew McCracken), Martha (wife of Joseph Kimble), Ellen, Josephine and Margaret Ann. Mrs. Caldwell is a native of Ireland, and was married to our subject while he lived in Carbon County, Penn., on September 14, 1854. Her maiden name was Margaret Ann Moody. Mr. and Mrs. Caldwell and four of the family are members of the Presbyterian Church. The parents of Mr. Caldwell died in Sullivan County. John Caldwell was born in Ireland in May, 1848, and is a son of Eobert and M^ary Caldwell [see preceding sketch]. He accompanied his parents to the United States, living for a time in Carbon County, Penn., and then removed to Sullivan County, Mo., in the fall of 1853. Here he grew to manhood, and in December, 1869, was married to Miss Josephine Dearing, a native of Sullivan County, who died in 1877. This union was blessed with three children: Margaret, James A, and John W. In the fall of 1877 Mr. Caldwell was united in marriage to Miss Catherine McClaskey, daughter of James McClaskey, of Sullivan County, by whom he has had two children, Mary B. and Arthur. Mr. Caldwell is a stanch Republican, but has never sought nor held oifice. He has been a resident of Sullivan County since first coming here, and now lives upon the old home place, to which he has added 400 acres of fenced land and 160 acres of meadow land. He is one of the respected and prosperous farmers of the township. Hon. W. F. Calfee was born in Moniteau County, Mo., July 8, 1847, and is a son of Vardamon and Elizabeth (Claybrook) Calfee. The father was of Welsh descent, and born in Hancock County, Tenn., in 1818. He was reared a farmer, but at the age of eighteen left Tennessee, and engaged in the manufacture of 778 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. brick in Alton, 111. In three years he went to Moniteau County, Mo., where he married, and lived until 1852. He resided in Adair County, with the exception of the war period, which he spent in Sullivan County. He enlisted in the Mexican War, but did not reach the scene of conflict until after the fall of Mexico. The mother is of German descent, and was born in Kentucky in 1821. Of six children born to Mr. and Mrs. Galfee, but three lived to maturity. W. F. is the second child, and was but five years of age when brought to Northeast Missouri. His educa- tional advantages were very limited, but his short attendance at the common schools aroused a desire for knowledge in his breast, and he saved enough out of his earnings to attend the Kirksville Normal School one year. In 1871 he began to teach and to study law. In 1873 he decided to devote his entire time to the study of that profession, and in October, 1875, was admitted to the bar. He immediately opened an office in Greencastle,. but in 1877 came to Milan, where he has met with decided success. Dur- ing the late war he enlisted in Company B, Forty-second Regi- ment Missouri Infantry, and, at the expiration of his service of one year, was discharged at Nashville, Tenn., near which place he was during the last battle of Nashville. January 1, 1873, Mr. Calfee married Miss Caroline, daughter of E. B. Prindle, of Sul- livan County, Mo. Mrs. Galfee is a native of Lee County, Iowa, and was born in 1854. This union has been blessed with five children: Dudley F., Blanche, Edward L., Lizzie and Phoebe. In politics Mr. Calfee is a Rep^iblican, and cast his first presiden- tial vote for U. S. Grant in 1868. In 1880, 1882 and 1886, he was a candidate for the office of prosecuting attorney, but, owing to the county being Democratic, and slight defection in the Eepub- lican party, was unsuccessful. In 1882 he was elected mayor of Milan, and filled the office so faithfully that, in 1884 and 1886, he was re-elected without opposition. Previous to his residence in Milan he served as township collector of Pennsylvania Township three years. He is a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the G. A. R. and A. O. U. W. William Calhoon (deceased) was born in Ohio in 1813. His father was killed in the War of 1812, and he was left an orphan early in life. He was bound out, but at the age of fourteen ran away from his master. He lived successively in Ohio, Indiana and Missouri, making his home in the latter State, in Linn County,' near the Sullivan County line ; being one of the earliest settlers of same. At that time he owned but one or two horses, but at the time of his death was the possessor of 3,600 acres of lan"d, and was one of the most influential men of the county. In 1840 he married Melvina Warran, who was born in Howard SULLIVAN COUNTY. 779 County, Mo., in 1818, and married in the same county. Mrs. Calhoon was the mother of eight children, seven of whom are living, and she was a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church South. In politics Mr. Calhoon was a 'Democrat. Among the foulest deeds which blacken the war history of this community is the murder of William Calhoon. While away on business he chanced to be in Scottsville late in the evening of August 27, 1864. While there he and several other citizens were captured by a posse of men, ostensibly for the purpose of hunt- ing guerrillas. They then started for Mr. Calhoon's home, and, upon arriving at same, Mr. Calhoon entered the house, closely guarded, to get water for himself and men. His wife asked him where he was going, and he replied that they were going to hunt guerrillas, which was the last remark that fell from his lips. They then mounted their horses, some stopping at a melon patch. Mr. Calhoon and John Hatcher, however, rode on. Two men accompanying them ordered Hatcher back, and soon two sliots were heard. When Mr. Calhoon's body was found, it was pierced with two bullets, either of which would have proved fatal. His pockets were rifled, and his papers scattered. Mr. Calhoon was a wealthy man, and it was known that he had sold some cattle but a few days previous to his murder, which facts led to the belief that he was killed for his money. Circumstantial evi- dence pointed to James Head as the leading murderer, and at times Mr. Head almost acknowledged his guilt. He was arrested, but bailed out by his friends, and died from the effects of an accident before being brought to trial. During his illness parties who were suspected of being accomplices never left his bedside; it is thought this course was taken for fear that Mr. Head would admit his and others' guilt. Mrs. Calhoon died in 1881. Her youngest son, William B., was born in Linn County in 1850, and during his boyhood received but a poor education. At the age of fourteen he and a brother took charge of his father's large farm, which they managed until its division. In 1874 he married Mary C. Baker, who was born in Clark County, Ind., in 1850, and when about seventeen years of age moved to Missouri. To this union five children have been born: Charles C. (deceased), George, Veda E., John B. and Gracy. Mr. Calhoon is a Mason of the Eoyal Arch degree, and an Odd Fellow. In politics he is a Democrat. Since 1875 he has been a resident of Sullivan County with the exception of the year 1883, which was spent in Oregon. He is a substantial farmer, and owns 200 acres of good land. Mrs. Melissa Capito was born in Hanover, Germany, and at the age of three years moved to the United States, settling in 780 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Ohio, and there grew to maturity, and April 5, 1859, married in Cincinnati, Ohio, William F. Capito, a native of Pennsylvania. Soon after their marriage, Mr. Capito went to San Francisco, and worked at the blacksmith's trade. In the spring of 1861 Mrs. Capito joined her husband in San Francisco, where they resided until 1870. In the fall of that year they came to Sullivan County, Mo., and located upon a farm in the northern part of same. Here Mr. Capito devoted his attention to farming until his death, September 25, 1875. He left his business in a com- plicated state, but his widow, being a lady of rare business ability, bravely went to work with the assistance of her sons, and by good management paid off all obligations, and accumulated a nice competency for herself and family. She lived upon a farm, which she yet owns, until the spring of 1882, when she embarked in the hotel business at Pollock. She is a successful and popular landlady, and manages a comfortable and nice hotel. Mrs. Capito is a sister of Judge J. C. Schnelle, whose sketch appears in this work. Mrs. Capito has a family of seven children: Adelade G., born January 3, 1860; George W., March 11, 1862; Theodore F., October 22, 1863; Melissa, September 21, 1865; William A., March 13, 1868; Carrie, April 8, 1870; and Charles A., June 8, 1873. The eldest son, George W., died August 22, 1886, leav- ing a widow and two children, who now reside at Pollock. Henry Chaplin, one of the pioneer farmers of Morris Town- ship, is a native of North Carolina, and was born in 1819. His par- ents, Solomon and Barbara (Taylor) Chaplin, moved from the lower to the western part of North Carolina, but in a few years returned to the lower part of the State, where the father died in 1822. He was a sailor during the war, and twice ran the block- ade at New York City. His ancestors were English. The mother and family removed to Indiana about 1838, where the mother died in 1880. In that State our subject was married in 1843, to Miss Eliza J., daughter of Alexander and Mary Trent. They have had six children, four of whom are living: Erastus H. ; Mary Ellen, wife of William Peeveler, of Texas ; William H., of Kansas, and Eliza J., wife of John Martin. In 1848 Mr. Chaplin removed to Clinton County, Iowa, where he remained until 1853, and then removed to Schuyler County, Mo., and in 1856 came to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, two and a half miles northwest of Winigan, where he has since made his home. He now owns a farm of nearly 240 acres, and eighty acres of timber, making him one of the leading farmers of the vicinity. He has made farming his lifelong occupation, by which he has obtained a handsome competency, and is one of the most esteemed and respected citizens of Sullivan County. BUtLlVAN COUNTY. ?81 During the war he took a firm stand for the Union, and in 1861 enlisted in Company F, Twenty-fifth Missouri Infantry. He participated in the battle of Shiloh, during which he was in the hottest of the contest, in the right of Gen. Prentiss' division. His regiment, commanded by Col. Peabody, of St. Joseph, who was killed early in battle, was detached from the main division, and escaped the fate of the remainder of Gen. Prentiss' command. He also fought in several other Union engagements, but was dis- charged in March, 1863, on account of disability. About one year after he joined what was known as the Brookfield Eangers, of the Missouri State Militia, and remained in service until the fall of 1864. He was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Henry Clay in 1844, but since the war has been a Republican. He and his wife have for many years been faith- ful and consistent members of the Methodist Church. Isaac Childers was born in Harrison County, W. Va., Decem- ber 10, 1819, and is the son of William and Sidney (Richards) Childers, natives of Virginia. The father was a farmer in Vir- ginia, where he passed his life. Isaac lived in his native State until the fall of 1851, when he immigrated to Monroe County, Iowa. After living there ten years, he came to Sullivan County, Mo., and settled in the same neighborhood and township in which he now resides. He moved upon his present farm in the spring of 1865, which consists of 160 acres of prairie land, all fenced and under cultivation. He has a fine orchard of 300 select varieties of apple trees, and owns a one-and-a-half-sbory resi- dence and fine barns. Since 1875 Mr. Childers has been inter- ested in the raising of thoroughbred Shorthorns, and has one of the finest herds in the county. Mr. Childers was married in Lewis County, Va., December 15, 1842, to Miss Hulda Thorp, daughter of Hezekiah D. Thorp. Mrs. Childers was born, reared and married in Lewis County, Va., and was the mother of fifteen children, nine living: Sylvanus W. (of Washington Territory), Preston R. (of Denver, Colo.), Delia A. (wife of Peter Wood, of Nebraska), Stephen L. (married, and in Sullivan County), Ad- dison H. (of Denver), Almeda, Hezekiah (married and in Sul- livan County), Joseph (an attorney at Milan), Emma (wife of Milton Akers, and living on her father's place). Mrs. Childers died in April, 1887, and was a member of the Free United Brethren Church, to which church Mr. Childers also belongs. P. W. Christy is a son of Joseph K. and Elizabeth (Weaver) Christy, natives of Virginia. They were married in Kentucky, having moved there when quite young, and resided in that State until about 1822, when Mrs. Christy died. Mr. Christy then married Mrs. Nancy Gooch, and in 1851 started for Linn County, 782 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Mo. ; but before arriving at their destination death claimed Mrs. Christy. The father spent the remainder of his days in Linn County. To his first marriage three sons and two daughters were born; to the second, one son and one daughter. Mr. Christy was an extensive farmer and stock raiser, and served as magis- trate many years. He was a volunteer in the War of 1812, but never served. His father was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. The subject of this sketch, P. W. Christy, the third child of the first marriage, was born in Morgan County, Ky., in 1815. He was educated at the common schools of the neighbor- hood, and worked during his youth upon the farm. At sixteen years of age he began to work for wages, which he spent in gaining a better education. In 1836 he married Francis Simmons, a native of Fleming County, Ky. She was born in 1812, and died in 1840. Mr. Christy then married Mrs. Nancy L. Day, who was also born in Fleming County, Ky., in 1814. Mrs. Christy had been twice married before her union with Mr. Christy, both her former husbands being of the same surname — Day. By her first marriage she had one son, Elbert, a Confed- erate soldier during the late war; by her second, one daughter, Martha M. A. ; and by her third, six children: Joseph B., Taylor P., Ambrose S., Prances A., Mary C. and Isaac B. Both Mr. and Mrs. Christy are members of the Methodist Church, and in politics Mr. Christy is a Democrat, as was his father before him. Mr. Christy moved to Linn County, Mo., in 1852, and in 1869 came to Sullivan County, where he has since resided. He now owns 160 acres of land, and has given more than this amount to his children. He is an old and honored citizen of Sullivan County. Eemick C. Clark is the eldest son of Thomas and Barbara (Herod) Clark, natives of Hartford, Conn., and Greene County, Penn., respectively. The father was born in 1787, and when young peddled in Connecticut and adjoining States. He was mar- ried in Pennsylvania, and spent the remainder of his life in that State engaged in farming. He was a man of good education, of comical address, and a cavalry soldier in the War of 1812. He was a very good auctioneer, at which employment his services were often required. He died at the age of fifty-three, and his wife at the age of seventy. Of eight children born to them, two sons and three daughters are now living. Remick C. was reared upon a farm, but received but a limited education owing to the demand upon his time at home. At the age of twenty he learned the cabinet-maker's trade, at which he worked several years, in the meantime becoming a first-class workman at the painter's trade. For some time he engaged in the mercantile business at SUtiLIVAN COUNTY. 783 Waynesburg, Penn. In 1865 he went to Iowa, and the following year came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he farmed until 1881. He then opened a general store in partnership with H. 0. Bailey, in Browning, in which business he continued for five years. In 1839 he married Mariah J. Hatfield, a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1818. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have a family of one son and five daughters, and are both members of the Methodist Church. In politics Mr. Clark is a Democrat, and a Knight Templar. He started in life with no property, and, although after working hard for a year he was burned out and lost everything, he has sur- mounted his troubles, and, even after helping start his six chil- dren in life, is a well-to-do man. W. A. Clem is of Dutch ancestry, was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1852, and is the seventh child of Henry and Catherine (Fishburn) Clem, natives of Virginia, and born in 1813 and 1818, respectively. When young both moved to Licking County, Ohio, where they were afterward married in 1839. Then they came to Sullivan County, and located upon a farm, where they passed the remainder of their lives, and accumulated quite a little property. They had a family of four sons and five daughters. Both were worthy members of the Methodist Episco- pal Church ; they died aged sixty-one and fifty-four, respectively. W. A. Clem received a common-school education during his youth and lived at home until his father's death. In 1880 he married Elizabeth A. Smith, a daughter of Meshack and Elizabeth A. (Minuis) Smith, natives of Tennessee, who came to Missouri in childhood. To this union two children have been born: Earl Grover and Eitha May. Mr. Clem is a Democrat, as was also his father. He is an enterprising and energetic citizen, and as a farmer has met with success, owning at present 560 acres of good land. His entire life has been spent in Sullivan County, to which he has grown much attached. John Clements, a grocer and druggist of Reger, was born in Amherst County, Va., and is a son of John and Tobitha (McCloud) Clements. The father was of English descent, and born in Virginia in 1767, his life occupation being that of farm- ing. His father, William, was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. John, Si'., died in 1848. His wife was of Scotch-Irish descent, and born in Virginia, dying in 1845 at the age of eighty- three. She was the mother of nine children, our subject — John — ^being the eighth. He received a common-school education, and lived with his parents until past seventeen years of age. In 1839 he left his native State, and located in Howard County, Mo. In 1844 he removed to Linn County, and September 3 of that year married Nancy J. MuUins, a native of Howard County, Mo., 184 fetOGEAPItlCAL AtPENDlX. born April 12, 1822. Mr. and Mrs. Clements have five living children: Nancy (wife of Tavner Stewart), William, Mary (wife of Watson Rogers), Tobitha (wife of Henry Huff) and Susan (wife of Thomas Clark). Mr. Clements resided in Linn County until 1850, and then came to Sullivan County, where he engaged in the wagon and cabinet business at Scottsville. In 1882 he came to Reger, clerking in a grocery store some time, but in 1885 estab- lished himself in the grocery and drug business, at which he is now having good success. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Henry Clay in 1844, as previous to the war he was member of the Whig party. In 1851 he was elected justice of the peace, holding that office until about two years ago. He is a Master Mason and a well-to-do citizen. In 1885 he was appointed postmaster of Eeger, which office he now holds. Mrs. Clements was a faithful member of the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and departed this life February 7, 1877. Edward Clevenger is the sixth child of a family of fourteen children (twelve living) born to Edward and Mary Clevenger. The father was born in Upshier County, Va., in 1799, and when about eight years old was taken to Western Pennsylvania, where he learned to smelt glass, and soon became foreman of the smelt- ing department of a glass factory. He was also an expert in con- structing furnaces, but, on account of injured eyesight, was obliged to leave the factory, and devote his time to farming, in which he soon excelled. Upon reaching manhood he married Mary Cline, a native of Greene County, Penn., born in 1803. Mrs. Clevenger was a member of the Presbyterian Church; her death occurred in 1884. Mr. Clevenger was a stanch Democrat of the Jacksonian order, and lived to the advanced age of seventy-four. Edward Clevenger, Jr., was born in Greene County, Penn., in 1830. He was reared upon his father's farm, making himself generally useful, and during his leisure time engaged in wagoning. When he became of age he started in life for himself, working for |7 per month. He was blessed with health, and for thirty years worked steadily, and by economy has become a wealthy man. In 1852 he married Mary Green, who was born in Greene Co., Penn., in 1832. Mrs. Clevenger's grandfather was a cousin of Lewis Whetzel, the great Indian fighter. Two children, John W. and Rachel M., have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Clevenger, both of whom are now married and located upon farms. While in Missouri, Mr. Clevenger has served as justice of the peace one term with general satisfaction. In 1866 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., a poor man, but he now owns 600 acres of some of the finest land in the county, and is a prominent farmer, and one of the best stock raisers in the SULLIVAN COUNTY. 785 County. As a citizen and neighbor he is respected and esteemed by all who know him. William Cochran was born in Carbon County, Penn., October 20, 1854, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Hyndman) Cochran, natives of County Derry, Ireland, and born in 1826 and 1830, respectively. They left their native country for the United States, upon the same vessel, in 1836, and located in Pennsyl- vania, where they were married in 1851. In December of 1854 they came to Sullivan County, Mc, and located three miles west of Milan, buying a farm of 212 acres, where the father now resides. Mrs. Cochran died in 1863, and Mr. Cochran was after- ward married to Mary Shatto. To his first marriage five children were born, and to the last eleven. William Cochran was the second child of the first union, and when 'an infant was brought to Missouri. He attended the district schools, and spent two years at the State Normal at Kirksville. At the age of nineteen he began to teach, and made teaching his profession for fourteen years, the field of his labor being in Sullivan County. Two years (1882 and 1883) were spent in the public school of Milan. He lived with his father until of age, and, November 13, 1886, pur- chased a half -interest in the Milan Republican, his partner being I. S. Ware. He is now the editor and proprietor of the Milan Republican, which is one of the leading papers of the county, having a weekly circulation of 1,100, and being, as its name indi- cates, Republican in politics. June 7, 1885, Mr. Cochran mar- ried Miss AUie Swanger, daughter of Jefferson Swanger. Mrs. Cochran was born in Sullivan County in 1864. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and her husband of the Presbyterian. The latter is a member of the Masonic order. Seaman Lodge, No. 126, and of the I. O. O. P., Milan Lodge, No. 83. Having passed all the chairs in Odd Fellowship, he is now Junior Warden of Seaman Lodge of Masons. Hon. Ichabod Comstock, one of the leading farmers and stock men of Sullivan County, is a native of New York State, where he was born in 1810. His parents, John and Hopie (Weaver) Com- stock, were natives of Rhode Island, where they passed their youth and married, but settled in New York about 1807, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Comstock was a farmer until late in life, when he sold his farm and engaged in manufacturing. He was of English descent. Our subject received but a common-school education, and in 1835 married Miss Marcy, daughter of Nathan G. and Polly (Piatt) Birdseye. Mrs. Com- stock was born in Connecticut in 1812. In 1838 Mr. Comstock removed to Ohio, and from there to Wabash County, Ind., in 1845, where he remained until 1857. He then removed to Sulli- ■^86 BIOGRAPHICAL AtPlNDlX. van County, and located six and a half miles from the present site of Green City, which place he has since made his home. Here he owns over 1,200 acres of land, and also possesses about 640 acres in Morris Township, making him one of the most extensive landholders in Sullivan County. Nearly all this prop- erty has been accumulated through his own labor and economy. He is quite extensively engaged in the stock and dairy business, and. although he is now seventy-seven years old, all his immense business is under his sole supervision and control. He is a well- informed man, of good financial ability, and has served the public in various prominent and responsible positions. In 1864 he was elected to represent Sullivan County in the State Legislature, serving one term in that capacity. He was soon after elected county judge, but about six months after was legislated out of office. During the war he took a firm stand for the Union cause, and recruited the first body of troops that went from Sullivan County, and assisted in organizing the first company of Home Guards, of which he was made captain. Formerly he was a Whig, but since the dissolution of that party has been a Repub- lican. He and his wife have been faithful and consistent mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church since their youth. In 1838 he entered a machine shop, manufacturing grain separators for five years. He was engaged in the tanning business for three years, and for twice that length of time ran a general store on his farm. The residue of his life has been devoted to farming, stock raising and dairy products, and he now possesses over 140 milch cows, and owns a half interest in the Green City Creamery. He is also a member of the Com stock Mercantile Company, at Green City. Charles B. Comstock, one of the prominent citizens and en- terprising business men of Sullivan County, is manager of the Comstock Mercantile Co., a notary public, and also editor and proprietor of the Green City Creamer, a weekly newspaper which he established in May, 1886, the first issue of which appeared May 15. It was a three-column folio, published semi-monthly for one year, when it was enlarged to a seven-column folio,, pub- lished weekly. This gentleman is a native of Wabash County, Ind., and was born in 1846. He is an only son of Ichabod and Mercy (Birdseye) Comstock, natives of New York and Connecti- cut, respectively. The father was of Scotch origin, and born in 1810, and a son of John Comstock. He was married in 1836, and two years later removed to Ohio, and in 1845 went to Wabash County, Ind., where he remained until 1857, when he removed to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in Union Township, where he has since made his home, and is now one of the largest SULLIVAN COUNTRY. 787 landholders and extensive dairymen in the county, owning about 1,800 acres of land and 150 milch cows. Up to this date he still has the responsibility and sole supervision of all his domestic affairs, although nearly seventy-eight years of age. In 1864 he was elected to represent Sullivan County in the State Legislature, and served one term. He also served for a short time as county judge. He and his wife belong to the Presby- terian Church. Mrs. Comstock was born in 1812. The subject of our sketch was reared on the farm, and received his early edu- cation at the common schools, but afterward attended three years at Oberlin, Ohio, from where he graduated in the busi- ness course. Upon reaching his majority he became his father's partner on the farm, but in 1870 went to California on account of his health, where he spent nearly three years, and then returned to the farm. In 1874 he established a store which two years after came under the management of a joint stock company, known as the " Birdseye Eidge Grange Association." This store was conducted upon the farm until the commencement of the town of Green City, where it was removed in 1880, and conducted under the same name until 1885, when the stock was all bought in by the Comstock family, and the name of the corporation was changed to the" Comstock Mercantile Co.," with our subject as gen- eral manager. Besides a large storehouse 32x70 feet, two stories high, with the lower story well stocked with general merchandise, they have a large warehouse at the railroad, and ^re extensively engaged in the grain business. This company also has charge of the Green City Creamery, an enterprise that was established in August, 1882, and which has been in constant operation ever since, and has produced the following amounts: First year, 60,994 pounds; second year, 90,196 pounds; third, 113,278 pounds; fourth, 92,348 pounds of butter. For general business management and financial ability, Mr. Comstock has few peers in Northern Missouri. During the days when the Grange or- ganization existed, Mr. Comstock figured prominently and worked actively and zealously for the cause, and was the leading factor in its successful existence, and he represented Sullivan County in the State Grange for five years. He is an earnest and energetic temperance worker, and greatly interested in the up- building of the community, religiously, morally, and otherwise. He was married in 1862 to Miss Flora, daughter of William and Sarah Eoss, of Wabash County, Ind., by whom he has had seven children, six of whom are living. Mr. Comstock is a Kepub- lican, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Knights Templar, and has been a notary public since 1884. He and his wife are prominent and faithful members of the Presbyterian Church. '?88 BiOGbAPSICAt APPENDti. W. L. Oookman was born in Lewis County, Va., in 1854, where he passed his boyhood days. In 1869 he came to Mis- souri, and located in Sullivan County. He was thrown upon his own resources at an early age, but, naturally being of a quiet and industrious disposition, he at once won the respect and esteem of his associates. Having an ardent thirst for knowledge, he pro- cured a great many books, which he read evenings and during his leisure moments in the daytime. He attended school a short time at Linneus, and at the age of nineteen had become so thor- oughly acquainted with the common-school branches that he was given a teacher's license, and for nine sessions taught in Sullivan County. December 20, 1874, he married Miss M. J. West, daughter of Alexander West. Mrs. Cookman was born in Sulli- van County, Mo., in 1857, and to her union with our subject three children have been born: Sarah Elizabeth, Sophia Joseph- ine and Belle. Mr. Cookman is a self-made man, and by hard work and perseverance is now the owner of 200 acres of good land. In politics he is a Republican. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., K. of P., and K. of L. Ex-Judge Hugh M. Cooper was born in Greene County, East Tenn., in 1827, and is a son of Christopher and Jane (Maloney) Cooper. The father was born in Virginia in 1798, and when but four years old went to Greene County, Tenn., where he was after- ward married, and lived until 1851. He then went to Sullivan County, Mo., locating in Bowman Township, where his son, Rob- ert S., now resides. He was one of the early settlers of Sullivan County, a farmer, and owned about 1,000 acres of land. While in Tennessee he served about ten years as justice of the peace. His death occurred in 1865. His wife was of Irish descent, born in Virginia in 1793, and died in 1877. Of a family of six chil- dren but four are now living: Hugh M., William, Robert S. and Nancy M. Hugh M. was educated at the district schools of Tennessee, and at the age of eighteen was able to teach a district school. He taught four terms, and then, in 1850, left his native State, immigrating to Sullivan County, Mo., where he resumed the vocation of teaching. In 1851 he entered 500 acres of land where he now resides, and in August, 1865, married Miss Eliz- abeth C. Dell, daughter of Henry Dell, Esq., and born in Greene County, Tenn., in 1829. To Judge and Mrs. Cooper one child, Jen- nie Mason, has been given. She was born in 1866, and is acquir- ing a thorough education at the Humphreys and other colleges ; is a strict adherent to Christianity and the doctrines of the Cum- berland Presbyterian Church. In politics the Judge has always been a Democrat, and his first presidential vote was cast for Cass in 1848. He served as captain of the militia in Tennessee a few SULLIVAN COUNTY. 789 years, and was postmaster o£ Wintersyille, Sullivan Co., Mo., a short time. In 1858 he was elected county judge, and filled the position four years. In 1871 he was appointed to that office, and in 1872 was elected sheriff of Sullivan County, resigning his judgeship the following year in order to faithfully discharge the duties of sheriff, to which office he was re-elected in 1874. Judge Cooper is the owner of 1,000 acres of first-class land, and dwells in a commodious brick and frame residence which was erected in 1884. He is a Master Mason, and himself and wife are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. They rank among the most honored and respected citizens of the county, and, having been citizens of same many years, are widely known, and have a large circle of admiring friends. Lucien Cover, editor, was born in Clermont County, Ohio, May 11, 1847, and is a son of Daniel and Hannah (Smith) Cover. The father is of German descent, and was born in Fred- erick County, Md., in 1812. During his youth he learned and worked at the tailor's" trade, but in later life followed farming almost exclusively. After his marriage he resided in Clermont County, Ohio, until the fall of 1853, when he moved to Griggs- ville, iPike Co., 111., in which county he has since resided; the years between 1854 and 1875 were spent at New Salem, Pike County. While at the latter place he served as postmaster, and also served as justice of the peace in his township twenty years. He is now living a retired life with his youngest daughter, Nellie Hensell. Mrs. Cover was born in Clermont County, Ohio, in 1817, and died May 6, 1887. She was the mother of ten chil- dren, of whom seven are living. Lucien was the sixth child born to Mr. and Mrs. Cover, and when seven years old accompanied his parents to Pike County, 111., where he was reared and edu- cated. At the age of eighteen he began to teach, at which occu- pation he continued engaged four terms, in the meantime study- ing law. In 1869 he entered the law department of the Univer- sity of Chicago, and graduated in 1870 with the degree of LL. B. He then located in Pittsfield, 111., and began to practice. In 1873 he came to Milan, Sullivan Co., Mo., and resumed the prac- tice of his profession in new fields. In 1878' he purchased tbe Sullivan Standard, of which he has since been editor and propri- etor. August 27, 1873, he married Miss Agnes M. Ferguson, daughter of John P. Ferguson. Mrs. Cover was born in West- moreland County, Penn., in 1846, and has borne three children: Pella (deceased), Dennis F. and Clara. Mr. Cover is a Demo- crat, and cast his first presidential vote for Seymour and Blair in 1868. He is very successful as a business man, and his paper is devoted to the interests of his county, and is Democratic in poli- 790 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. tics. It contains all the current news, and has a circulation of over 1,200 weekly copies. In 1875 Mr. Cover was elected com- missioner of Sullivan County schools, and performed the duties of that office so efficiently that in 1877 he was re-elected. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., Morris Lodge, No. 110. Himself and wife are united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. The subject of this sketch, Lucius L. Cram, is a druggist and postmaster at Green City, and was born in Vermont, in 1850. He is the youngest child of Daniel and Eliza (Hutchinson) Cram, who were natives of the same State, and born in 1809 and 1810, respectively, and married in 1835, whenthej removed to LaOrosse County, Wis., where they lived until about 1867, after that set- ling in Chariton County, Mo., where the mother died in 1878. Mr. Cram is still living, and to him and Mrs. Cram three sons and two daughters were born in all. Our subject remained at home until about the age of sixteen, when he began life's battle for himself. He had received a good common-school education, which he had supplemented with one year's attendance at the North Missouri State Normal. He went to Kirksville in 1875, and engaged in railroading, and while at that place was united in marriage to Miss Josie, daughter of Joel and Jemima Hampton, formerly of Iowa, and born in 1808 and 1826, respectively, and married in 1816. The former died in 1887, and the latter in 1872. The maiden name of Mrs. Hampton was Dobson'. Mrs. Cram was born in 1857, and married in 1879, and is the mother of two children, Ethel and Norman. Mr. Cram was the first man who located in Green City, having removed to that place in 1880, when the present town site was a vast cornfield. Being the first railroad agent of the place, he lived in the depot while he held that position, which was until 18S3, after which he entered the drug business, and is now the sole druggist of the town. In 1885 he was appointed postmaster, and is the second man who has held that position in Green City. He is a good practical business man, and one of the most influential and important men of the place. In politics our subject is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley in 1872. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and his wife is united with the Presbyterian Church. Dandridge Crumpacker was born in Bedford County, Va., September 8, 1817, and is a son of John and Betsey (Hewitt) Crumpacker, also of Virginia. Mr. Crumpacker served as a pri- vate during the War of 1812. Both parents died in Virginia. Dandridge passed his youth in Bedford and Campbell Counties, and about 1835 moved to LaPorte County, Ind. After arriving at his majority he returned to Virginia, and settled in Campbell SULLIVAN COUNTY. 791 County, where he was married December 20, 1850 to Miss Vir- ginia C. Oglesby, a native of Bedford County, Va. About ten years prior to his marriage Mr. Crumpacker was engaged in boating on a canal, and after his marriage he followed the same occupation until the spring of 1857. He then sold out, and, coming to Missouri, located upon a farm in Putnam County, where he lived until 1862. He then sold his farm, and removed to Sullivan County, upon some land he had purchased before coming to the State. He now resides upon Locust Creek, where he built a saw-mill in 1854, to which, in 1860, he add^d a grist- mill. He was quite extensively engaged in milling until 1883, since which time he has farmed. Mr. Crumpacker owns 600 acres of land in his home place, 200 being well cultivated. He has 480 acres of prairie land, all fenced, and 180 acres in another tract, 135 of which are fenced. He also owns 170 acres in Put- nam County. Mr. Crumpacker has reared a family of five chil- dren: Fannie (wife of Charles Haywood, of Putnam County), A. O., John D. and William Edward. Mrs. Crumpacker is a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. David H. Crumpacker, hotel keeper, is a native of LaPorte County, Ind., born in 1837, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Royalty) Crumpacker. The father was of German descent, and born in Bedford County, Va., in 1798. He was a farmer by occupation, and in 1835 immigrated to Northeast Indiana, and located in LaPorte County. In 1838 he located in Jackson Township, Sullivan County, where ho resided about nine years. He then lived in Putnam County until 1851, when he returned to his native State, and located in Campbell County, where he died in 1853. He was twice married, his first wife being Eliza- beth Hewitt. The mother of our subject was born in Campbell County, Va., and died in 1888. David H. was the second of three children, and when^an infant was brought to Sullivan County, Mo., by his parents. He accompanied his father when he went to Virginia, but soon returned to Sullivan County, and began to clerk in a drug store at Milan. After four years occu- pied in this manner he went into business for himself, at which he continued two years. In 1864 he enlisted in Company E, Forty-fourth Regiment, Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and was elected orderly sergeant. Among others he was in the battles of Franklin, Tenn., and Spanish Fort. He received an honorable discharge at St. Louis, in September, 1865, and then returned home. February 17, 1859, he wedded Miss E. B. Wilson, daughter of Tapley Wilson, of Canton, 111. Mrs. Crumpacker was born in Fulton County, 111., and is the mother of three children: Clara May (wife of Dr. T. P. Owen, of Brook- 792 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. field, Mo.), Carl M. and Nova B. In 1867 Mr. Crumpacker established the Milan hotel, of which he was the proprietor until 1879. In 1878 he was elected county treasurer, and in 1880 and 1882 was re-elected. During the last term he also served as ex officio collector. In May, 1887, he reopened his hotel, which is now known as Crumpacker's Hotel, which is the lead- ing hotel of the city. Besides his hotel, and the ground upon which it is built, Mr. Crumpacker owns a half interest in a btiild- ing upon the public square, and 1,000 acres of land. He is a Eoyal Arch Mason, of Seaman Lodge, No. 126, and one of the respected citizens of the county. He is united with the Method- ist Episcopal Church, and his wife with the Baptist. Joseph C. Custer, bookkeeper and salesman for the Comstock Mercantile Company of Green City, is a native of Highland County, Ohio, and was born in 1846. He is a son of George C. and Hannah (Gants) Custer, natives of Pennsylvania, and born June 1, and 2, 1819, respectively. They were married in 1838, and removed to Highland County, Ohio, in 1845, where the mother still lives. She was married a second time, about 1864, to Nelson Charles. In 1857 Mr. Custer went to California in search of gold, and about four years after was accidentally killed in a mine. He was a son of Jonathan Custer, also a Pennsylvanian by birth. Our subject began life for himself at the early age of twelve as an employe on a farm during the sum- mer, and in the winter he attended the common schools. At the age of nineteen he began to teach, and in 1866 came to Sullivan County, where he taught almost continuously for sixteen years. He attended the North Missouri State Normal in 1868, and two years later was elected county superintendent of schools, which oifice he held two years, when he refused a re-election, declining in favor of Mr. H. M. Peterson. In 1875 he entered a store at Kiddville, which he conducted for about sixteen months, the firm being known as Custer & Co. He then resumed teaching until 1878, when he removed to Boynton, where he conducted a store for Ketcham Bros, for eighteen months, when they sold out, and he conducted the business for their successors about the same length of time. In 1881 he entered the Comstock Mei-cantile Company's employ as a salesman and bookkeeper, which has since been his occupation. Mr. Custer has a farm of 150 acres located two miles east of Green City, which he has acquired mostly through his own efforts and good management. In 1881 he was elected county school commissioner, which position he held two years. He has been the secretary of the Green City Cemetery Association since its organization. In 1869 he mar- ried Miss Phoebe, daughter of Capt. Victor and Mary Doze, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 793 nee Bailey, formerly of Iowa. Our subject is a Democrat, and cast iiis first presidential vote for Seymour. He was the first Democrat elected for an ofiicial position in Sullivan County after the war. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. Capt. Doze was a zealous worker in the Union cause, and served as captain of a Home Guard company. He was one of the early pioneers of the county, and a man who commanded the respect of the entire community. He was a well-to-do farmer, and died in August, 1881. His wife is still living on the old farm, three miles east of Green City. Mr. and Mrs. Custer are Universal- ists, and very enthusiastic temperance workers. Mr. and Mrs. Custer have had two children: Frank O., born in August, 1871, and George Victor, born in December, 1876. Yictor died in Jan- uary, 1881. Thomas Daly, farmer and stock dealer, was born in Grundy County, III, March 4, 1853. The father, Thomas Daly, was born in Kings County, Ireland, and came to the States when a young man. He was married in the United States to Ellen Briscoe, also a native of Kings County, Ireland. The name of Thomas has been in the Daly family for thirty-three generations, the name being given to the eldest son of each generation. After coming to America Mr. Daly immediately located in Grundy County, 111., where he resided until the close of the war. In the fall of 1865 he came to Missouri, and settled in Linn County, where he died July 14, 1880. His wife still survives, and is a resident of Brookfield, Mo. Thomas Daly, Jr., the subject of this sketch, passed his boyhood and youth in Linn County, Mo., receiving a good common school education. After reaching man's estate he settled upon a farm in Enterprise Township, Linn County. He first engaged in trading, dealing and ship- ping stock, which occupation he has since followed quite exten- sively. He was married in Sullivan County, Mo., November 27, 1878, to Miss Margaret M. Eyan, a native of Sullivan County. To Mr. and Mrs. Daly two sons have been born: Thomas D., and P. Edmond. After his marriage Mr. Daly farmed in Linn County about three years, and in the spring of 1881 moved to Sullivan County, where he bought and improved the land upon which he now resides. Mr. . Daly has 440 acres of land in his home place, which is cultivated and improved to a great extent, and part of which is devoted to pasturage. He also owns a farm in Linn County, Mo. He is well prepared to raise stock upon a large scale, owning good barns, stock scales and ice-house, wind pump and other substantial improvements. Mr. Daly has a coal black Lexington horse, sixteen hands high, and weighing 1,125 pounds, He keeps nothing but a high grade of stock, and 50 794 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. is one of the prominent stock raisers and dealers in the county. In politics he is a Democrat, and, although he is greatly inter- ested in hi;s party, has never held office. Both himself and wife are members of the Eoman Catholic Church, but are liberal in their views, and donate to all laudable public enterprises, also assisting in the support of other churches and denominations. Joel DeWitt, M. D., a resident physician of Bowman Town- ship, was born in Jackson County, W. Va., in 1816, and is a son of Thomas and Mary M. (Buffington) DeWitt. The father was of French origin, born in Pennsylvania, in 1780, and a farmer by occupation. At the age of sixteen he left the Keystone State, and went to Jackson County, W. Va., where he spent his last days, dying in 1882. His wife, Mary M. (Buffington) DeWitt, was born in Virginia in 1782, and died in 1886. Her father bought the Island known as Buffington's Island, situ- ated in the Ohio Eiver (and upon which Gen. Morgan and his men were captured) of the United States Government. Mrs. DeWitt was the mother of a family of ten children, of whom Joel DeWitt was the eldest. He received his early education at the subscription schools of the neighborhood in which he resided, and at the age of twenty-two began the study of medicine, his preceptor being Dr. Joseph Mairs, of Bipley, Jackson Co., W. Va., about two years. In 1842 he married Miss Rachel Ann Mairs, who was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, in 1823, and is a daughter of Dr. Joseph Mairs. This union has been blessed with seven children: Mary M. (deceased), Joseph C, T. Byron, Margaret J. (wife of Warren McCullough), William H. W., Mark P. and Elnora (wife of John Hart). In 1844 Dr. DeWitt began the practice of his chosen profession, and in 1845 left his native State, immigrating to Carroll County, Mo., where he resided eleven months, at the expiration of which time he came to Sulli- van County. In 1847 he purchased 168 acres of land in Bow- man Township, upon which he settled, and where he has since resided, with the exception of fifteen years (from 1857 to 1872) spent in Milan. Dr. DeWitt is a graduate from the medical department of the University of Missouri, located at St. Louis, from which institution he received his diploma in 1850. He is the oldest resident physician of Sullivan County, and during his early experience endured many hardships in the cause of suffer- ing humanity. He was called to administer to the wants of patients living within a radius of seventy miles, his travels extending into Linn, Grundy, Putnam, Adair, Mercer and Sulli- van Counties, Mo., and sometimes even taking him into Iowa. He made his own comfort subservient to his profession, and vis- ited the sick both day and night, at all seasons of the year, when- SULLIVAN COUNTY. 795 ever his services were required. He was sometimes obliged to swim streams and travel miles without seeing a dwelling, and from sheer exhaustion would sleep while driving from one patient to anoth^. His profession has proved lucrative, and he increased his original land possessions until he became the owner of 2,000 acres, making him one of the largest landholders and taxpayers in the county. He has been very liberal to his children, start- ing them in the world for themselves with good advice and well- filled purses, and consequently at present owns but 1,200 acres of the above mentioned land. He is comfortably situated in a com- modious two-story brick dwelling, and is reaping the rewards of a well-spent life. In politics he is a Bepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for William H. Harrison in 1840. In 1849 he was elected by the Whig party, and sent to the State Legislature, serving two years with great efiiciency. During the late war he was a strong Union man, and in 1862 enlisted in the Forty-fourth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, being elected surgeon of same. In the spring of 1865, upon the close of the war, he was honorably discharged. He is a member of the Blue Lodge in Masonry, and a man of great force of character, universally esteemed and honored by his large circle of friends and acquaint- ances. His son, T. Byron DeWitt, now residing in San Fran- cisco, Cal., is also a member of the medical fraternity, and was born the 25th of August, 1848, in Sullivan County, Mo., upon the farm now owned by his uncle, Thomas Mairs. After attend- ing the public schools of Milan a few years, he became a student at the State Normal School at Eirksville, and was a member of the first graduating class of that institution, leaving its shelter forever in June, 1870. The following fall and winter he attended a course of lectures at the State University of Michigan, and in the winter of 1871-72 attended a second course at Hush Medical College, Chicago, where he received the degree of doctor of medi- cine, February 17, 1872. On the 5th of March, the same year, he commenced the practice of his profession in Hutchinson, Kas., and three years later started for California, arriving at San Francisco, March 12, 1875. From April 17, 1875, to the present he has continuously and successfully practiced medicine at the last named place, and is steadily becoming one of the well-known and prosperous physicians there. March 27, 1877, he married Mary McDonald, who was born in Wallace, Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, November 12, 1854, and is the only daughter of James and Margaret McDonald. Both the Doctor and his wife are members ' of the Presbyterian Church, and the former is a member of the following secret societies: California Lodge, No. 1, F. 4 A, M., Chapter, No. 5, and Commandery, No. 1, of the 796 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. same order, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Island Temple, K. of P. Lodge, No. 5, and the Ancient Order of Foresters. In the latter society he has been honored with the highest office in the order iipon the Pacific Coast, that of District Chief Eanger. Joseph 0. DeWitt was born in Jackson County, W. Va., in 1845, and is a son of Dr. Joel and Rachel Ann (Mairs) DeWitt. [See sketch of Dr. Joel DeWitt.] Joseph was brought to Sullivan County when but an infant, and received his education at the common schools of the neighborhood, making his home with his parents until the breaking out of the late war. In the summer of 1864 he enlisted in Company E, Forty-fourth Eegi- ment, Missouri Infantry, and served until September, 1865, when he was discharged at St. Louis. He participated in the battles of Franklin, Nashville, Spanish Fort, Fort Blakeley and Mobile. At the first named battle he received a flesh wound in his hand. February 10, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza- beth McCullough, daughter of Maj. John McCuUough. Mrs. DeWitt was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1845, and to her union with Mr. DeWitt, ten children have been born: Walter, Wallace, Emery, May, Mattie, Blanch, Joel, Nora, Eunice and Ernest. After his marriage, Mr. DeWitt resided upon the old homestead until 1871, when he moved upon the farm where he now resides. He is now the owner of 840 acres of land in the home place, and eighty acres on the prairie. He resides in a fine large brick residence which cost $3,500. He is one of the most substantial men of the county, and devotes most of his at- tention to stock raising, having about 200 head of stock each year. He is a member of the G. A. E., and in politics is a Eepublican. William Henry Webster DeWitt was born in Sullivan County one quarter of a mile from his present residence. May 8, 1854, and is the fifth child of Dr. Joel and Eachel Ann (Mairs) DeWitt. [See sketch of Dr. Joel DeWitt.] He attended the district schools of the neighborhood, and was a student at the Kirksville State Normal two terms. November 16, 1876, he married Miss Lura Victora Eeger, daughter of Solomon and Mary Martha (Busby) Eeger. Mrs. DeWitt was born in Sulli- van County, Mo., September 15, 1857, and to her union with our subject five children have been born: Clarence J., Clara Mabel, Mary Ann, Vern Irene and an infant daughter. After his mar- riage Mr. DeWitt located in Bowman Township, Section 24, Township 62, Eange 21, where he now resides. He owns 440 acres of good land, well cultivated and improved, 200 being in the home place. In connection with his farming he is somewhat interested in fine stock, and keeps on an eiverage seventy -five SULLIVAN COUNTY. 797 head per annum. Mr. DeWitt is one o£ the successful and enter- prising farmer citizens of the township, and is well respected by the community. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Hayes in 1876. Samuel A. Doak was born in Howard County, Mo., January 26, 1838, and is a son of Hon. John S. and Mary A. (Porter) Doak, natives of Virginia. They moved from their native State to Missouri in about 1834, settling in Howard County at first, but afterward moving to Crawford County, Mo. While in the latter place John S. Doak was sent to Legislature as his county's representative. He died in the same county. Samuel A. came to Sullivan County with some relatives of his mother in April, 1846, where he grew to manhood. September 11, 1857, he mar- ried Margaret J. Doak, daughter of A. S. Doak, Sr. This lady was born in Virginia, but reared in Sullivan County, and is the mother of the following children: William T. (deputy county surveyor), Minnie L., Charles M., Alice, and Grover C. After his marriage Mr. Doak located in Jackson Township, where he has improved two farms. Part of the year 1863 he spent in Colo- rado, and in the fall of 1864 lived in Nebraska City. The fol- lowing spring he moved to Fremont County, Iowa, whore he lived two years. He then located upon the farm where he now re- sides, which contains 160 acres of land in the home place, all ■fenced and fairly improved. Mr. Doak is a Democrat, and in 1874 was nominated and elected trustee of Jackson Township. The following year he was appointed justice of the peace, and in 1876 elected to that position, and served twelve years ; ten suc- cessive years being engaged in fulfilling the duties of that ofiice. He was nominated for the position of county treasurer in 1884, and, although he was defeated, polled a large vote. In 1887 he was appointed notary public, and he has been school director in his district for twenty years. Reuben S. Dodson .was born in Wayne County, Ky., in November, 1842, and is a son of John Dodson, a native of Vir- ginia who went to Kentucky while a young man, and there mar- ried Sarah Burnett, also a native of Virginia, and born in Patrick County. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dodson were reared in Virginia, and the former served in the War of 1812. The family moved from Kentucky to Missouri in 1842, and settled near Kirksville, Adair County, where the father entered land, improved a farm, and resided until about 1860, when he sold and moved to Put- nam County, where Mr. Dodson died in December, 1868. R. S. spent his youth in Putnam and Adair Counties, on the farm, and learned the blacksmith's and wagon-maker's trades, which he followed for three years after reaching his majority, and which ?98 BIOCtBAPHICAL APPENDIX. business he has followed more or less ever since. During the war he served about three months, during 1863, in the State Militia. In June, 1865, he was married in Putnam County to Miss Barbara L. Vaughn, daughter of William Vaughn, one of the early settlers of Putnam County from Indiana, in which State Mrs. Dodson was born and reared. The following children have been born to this union: William (a young man attending Kirks- ville Normal, now in his second year), Ida J. (a young lady), John B., Hattie Agnes, Sarah G., Gustavus O., Cora Belle, Herman M. After his marriage he located at Pennville, Sulli- van Co., Mo., and worked at his trade three years. From there he moved to his farm, in 1869, which he commenced improving, and which now consists of over 600 acres of land, 440 of which are highly cultivated. The buildings are good and substantial. He also has 160 acres of timber in another tract. In politics our subject is a Republican, and has been nominated and elected collector of Buchanan Township. Mr. Dodson is a member of the A. O. U. W., and has been "through all the chairs " of that order. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. T. H. Dorsey, of the firm of Dorsey & Son, lumbermen, at Greencastle, with a branch yard at Green City, and, also, yards at Gault and at Gorham, under the name of Dorsey & Co., is a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, where he was born in 1832, and is the eldest son of John and Prudence (Means) Dorsey, natives of Maryland and Virginia, respectively. Mr. Dorsey was born in Baltimore, November 10, 1808, and died August 10, 1877. When young he went to Ohio, where he married in 1830, and spent the remainder of his life in Muskingum County. Mrs. Dorsey was boru in Clarksburg, Va., January 3, 1810, and died June 9, 1878. She was a second cousin of Stonewall Jack- son. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dorsey were of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Our subject was reared at home, receiving a good common-school education, which he -completed at Sandusky Business College. He was united in marriage in January, 1857, to Miss Louisa J., daughter of James H. and Sarah Davis, who were natives of Greene County, Penn., and Licking County, Ohio, respectively. The former was born in 1805, and the latter in 1810. Mrs. Davis' maiden name was Edwards, and she and Mr. Davis were married January 12, 1832, and immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., in March, 1856. Mrs. Dorsey was born in 1838, and is the mother of four children, three of whom are living: Olive D., the eldest, was married to R. M. Morton, May 24, 1883, (they live at Gault, Grundy Co., Mo. ) ; John B., was married to Pocahontas Cabell, March 23, 1887, and lives at the same place; Walter E., SULLIVAN COUNTY. 799 aged twelve years, lives with his parents. Mr. Dorsey first came to Sullivan County in 1857, but did not locate here perma- nently until 1869. Since that time he has been a resident of Penn Township, where he has several good farms, besides con- siderable other property in Greencastle and Kirksville, the most of which is the fruit of his own labor. He engaged in farming until 1882, when he removed to Greencastle, where he has since been in the lumber business. During the years 1877 and 1878 he served as assessor of Sullivan County, and has also held various township offices. He is an earnest worker in all educa- tional projects, and is greatly interested in the general welfare and prosperity of the country. He has been a Democrat all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan. Levi Doty was born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1842, and is a son of Frazy and Martha (Mills) Doty. The father was born in Schoharie County, N. Y., in 1791. At the age of six he went to Darke County, Ohio, and while living there served as a soldier in the War of 1812, being stationed upon the frontier at Fort Meigs, .Fort Maumee and Fort Defiance with Gen. Harrison. In 1868 he immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., where he became the possessor of 410 acres of land. For over forty years he was a minister in the United Brethren Church, although his chief occupation was that of farming. His death occurred in 1879. Martha (Mills) Doty was born in 1798, and, although advanced in years, is still active and energetic. She is the mother of a family of thirteen children, of whom Levi Doty is the eleventh. He was educated at the district schools of Ohio, and made his home with his parents until he was eighteen years old. During the late war, his sympathies being strongly with the Union, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Fifty-second Regi- ment Ohio National Guards, and participated in the battles of Sweet Springs, Va., White Sulphur Springs, Cumberland, Md., and numerous skirmishes. He was discharged at Camp Den- nison, Ohio, September 2, 1864, but was held and not allowed to return home until 1865. February 19, 1861, he married Miss Caroline Schaar, who was born in Darke County, Ohio, in 1842, and is the mother of the following three children: Laura Belle, Ivy and Eva. In 1872 Mr. Doty came to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in Taylor Township, Mo., engaging in farming until 1883, since which time he has devoted his attention to auction- eering, with good success. He at first began to auctioneer before the war, and his territory now extends over Grundy, Linn, Sul- livan, Putnam and Livingston Counties, Mo., amply demonstrat- ing his ability in- his chosen business. He is the owner of 183 acres of land in Sullivan County, and one of its respected citi- SOO BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. zens. Both himself and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church South; he is a Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln, in 1864. Elisha Duley was born in Clermont County, Ohio, January 14, 1827, and is a son of John W. and Deborah (Winters) Duley, natives of Kentucky and Ohio, respectively. The father moved from his native State to Ohio with his parents when a small boy, and was there reared and married. He moved to Indiana with his family about 1841, and there located in Jennings County, where he resided nine years. In 1850 he removed to Tama County, Iowa, and four years later to Lee County, Iowa, where he lived two years. Elisha Duley moved to Iowa with his parents in 1850, and was married in Ijee County, in 1854, to Miss Elizabeth C. Robinson, a native of Indiana. In 1856 he settled in Sullivan County, Mo., buying and improving the land upon which he now resides. He at first bought but eighty acres, but now owns 240 acres well improved and nearly all cultivated. He has a good one-and-a-half-story house, good stabling, etc., and has one of the neatest and best managed farms in the town- ship. Mr. and Mrs. Duley have reared a family of seven children: Madison W. (of Montana), Sylvanus G. (of Colorado), Ar- thur F. (of Jasper County, Iowa), George E. (of Sullivan County, Mo.), Emily D. (wife of D. E. Miller), Josephine (wife of David Busick) and Amanda (a young lady). Mr. Duley is a member of Putnam Lodge, A. P. & A. M., at Newtown. J. S. Dunlap, senior member of the firm of Dunlap & Orr, owners of a livery and feed stable in Milan, is a native of Sulli- van County, Mo., and was born in 1857, and is a son of Thomas J. and Anne (Young) Dunlap. Thomas J. Dunlap was born in Tennessee in 1835, and when twenty years of age came to Sulli- van County, Mo. After bis marriage he located in Bowman Township, but has recently resided in Polk Township. His occupation is that of farming. His wife was born in Virginia in 1840, and is the mother of ten children, of whom J. S. Dun- lap is the eldest. He made his home with his parents until twenty-one years of age, and then engaged in farming upon his own responsibility until July, 1887, when he came to Milan, and went into the above-mentioned business with Mr. Orr. In 1877 he was united in marriage to Miss Ann E. West, a native of Sullivan County, Mo., born in 1863, and a daughter of Alex. West. This union has been blessed with three children: John, Allen and Roy. In politics Mr. Danlap is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Hancock, in 1880. William M. Orr, junior member of the firm of Dunlap & Orr, was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1863, and is a son of William and SULLIVAN COUNTY. 801 Sarah Ann (Bell) Orr. His father was born in Holmes County, Ohio, in 1816, and was there married, and resided until about 1856; he then moved to Daviess County, Mo., and two years later came to Sullivan County. He located in Polk Township, where he died in 1878. His life occupation was that of farming, and at the time of his death he owned 120 acres of land. Mrs. Orr was born in Holmes County, Ohio, in 183B, and after the death of Mr. Orr, became the wife of J. D. Eobinson, with whom she is now living. By her first marriage she had nine children, six of whom are living. William M. was the fifth child, and lived with his mother until eighteen years of age, when he began to work as a day laborer; he received a good common-school educa- tion, and, possessing natural business ability, in July, 1887, abandoned farming, and engaged in business with J. S. Dunlap. They have a good livery stable, which is well patronized, and keep ten horses, three buggies and one wagon. In 1884 Mr. Orr wedded Miss Annie, daughter of Clayton Harmon. Mrs. Orr was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1864, and is the mother of one child, Chloe, who died on September 4, 1887, aged two years and four months. In politics Mr. Orr is a Republican. John J. Bdson, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Union Township, was born in the State of Ohio, in 1828, and is a son of James and Diana (Tolman) Edson. The father was of Scotch- Welsh and Irish origin, and was born in New York, in 1805. He was married in Ohio, about 1824, where he settled, but from there went to Berrien County, Mich. , in 1835. He was a farmer, but was elected justice of the peace, which office he filled satis- factorily. He died in 1850. The mother was born in Canada, and died in Daviess County, Mo., in 1871. They were both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject had very few educational advantages when young, except those offered by the common schools, which he attended, making the most of what opportunities were offered. In 1853 he was united in marriage to Zeviah C, daughter of Emery and Ruth Smeed, a native of New York, but taken to Michigan when but two years old. To Mr. and Mrs. Edson five children have been given: Leslie C, Mary Samantha (wife of John Patrick), Anna Euth (wife of Charles Cavert), Emery J. and John Lewis. In 1857 he sought another home, and this time located in Sullivan County, two and a half miles east of Owasco, where he has a fine farm of 400 acres. Mr. Edson can proudly claim being a self-made man, as his property is all the result of his own indus- try, economy and good management. During the war he fought for his country's rights in the Enrolled Missouri Militia, under Capt. Doze. He was postmaster at Pleasantville two years dur- 802 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. ing the war, but has made farming his life occupation. He was reared a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, but has now joined the Republican ranks. Our subject was one of the pioneer settlers of this county, and has helped to turn the wilderness into a productive and cultivated country. Both he and his wife are united with the Methodist Church, and are active temperance workers, and members of the E.ed Ribbon Club. James E. Elwood was born in Highland County, Ohio, in 1825, and is of Irish descent upon the paternal, and English descent upon the maternal side. His parents, William and Sarah (Beale) Elwood, were natives of Pennsylvania and Highland County, Ohio, respectively. The father was born in 1800, and, losing his father when a lad, was taken by an uiicle to Ohio, where he was reared, and married to Miss Beale. Soon after their marriage they removed to Randolph County, Ind., where they passed the remainder of their days. Both were active members of the Christian Church. He was a Whig until the dissolution of that party, and then became a Republican. Mrs. Elwood died in 1843, and Mr. Elwood was afterward married to Mrs. Margaret McCarny, who still lives in Iowa. Mr. Elwood died in 1855. James R. Elwood accompanied his parents to Indiana when quite young, and, although his educational advantages were limited, has, since arriving at his majority, become quite well informed. In 1849 he married Elizabeth Mesarvey, a native of Licking County, Ohio, by whom he has seven children. Mrs. Elwood died in 1864, and two years later Mr. Elwood was united in mar- riage to Mrs. Eliza Fetters, by whom two sons and one daughter were born. This lady died in 1885, and the following year Mr. Elwood married Mrs. Athelia Perry. Mr. Elwood was the sec- ond husband of his second wife, and the third husband of his third wife. In 1870 he came to Sullivan County, where he has since made his home. He is a member of the Christian Church, as were his first two wives, but his present wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics he is a Repub- lican, and for about eleven years has held the office of justice of the peace. During his seventeen years' residence in Sullivan County he has been quite successful in farming, and now owns 120 acres of land as the result of his industry and economy. John Ellison was born in Monroe County, W. Va., November 26, 1833, and is a son of James and Susanna (Mitchell) Ellison, both natives of Virginia. Mr. Ellison was a farmer by occupa- tion, and moved to Indiana in 1837, where he settled in Madison County, being one of the pioneer settlers of that region, which was then in a wild and uncultivated state. He at once bought and improved land, and died in that county in about 1858. John, Sullivan couiIty. S03 our immediate subject, was reared to manhood upon his father's farm in Madison County. In the fall of 1856 he went to Iowa, and in February, 1857, came to Missouri. He entered land in Clay Township, Sullivan County, and improved a farm. In 1858 he was married, in Sullivan County, to Adelia Stralley, a native of Virginia, by whom he had one son, John H., who is now a teacher. Mrs. Ellison died in September, 1865, and in May, 1866, Mr. Ellison wedded. Miss Frances Campbell, a native of Iowa. To this marriage one son has been born, Monty C, who is married and living upon the farm with his father. August 17, 1861, Mr. Ellison enlisted in the Twenty-third Missouri Volun- teer Infantry for three years, and was discharged September 28, 1864. He participated in the following battles: Shiloh, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro and several others. During the siege of Atlanta he was slightly wounded in the left hand. Mr. Ellison moved upon his present place in the fall of 1865. The land was then mostly in its raw state, but he com- menced at once to improve it, and now owns 360 acres in the home place, 220 of which are under cultivation. He has a good house, surrounded by barns, sheds, etc., and has a good bearing orchard' of about 200 trees of select varieties of fruits. Mr. and Mrs. Ellison are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the former is a member of the G. A. B. post, at Pollock. William H. Emberton was born in Washington County, Va., in 1830, and is a son of Thomas and Charity ( Worley) Emberton: The father was born in Sullivan County, East Tenn., in 1805, and worked about twenty years at the hatter's trade, which he learned during his youth. He was married in Washington County, Va., and about 1838 moved to Monroe County, Ky. In 1852 he immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., and bought 240 acres of land in Polk Township, where he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1874. The mother was of Welsh and German descent, and born in Washington County, Va., in 1809. She was the mother of six children, of whom Will- iam H. was the eldest, and died in 1876. When eight years old William went to Monroe County, Ky., and in 1848 came to Sulli- van County, Mo., where he worked as a day laborer. In May, 1850, he starbed for the gold mines in the far west, in company with several others, reaching his destination in October of the same year. He worked in the mines until thewinter of 1853, and then returned home by water, via the Isthmus and New Orleans. December 18, 1853, he married Sarah A., daughter of Armstead C. Hill. This lady was born in Boone County, Mo., in 1831. Of this union there is one living child — Nancy, (wife of E. B. Wages.) In 1854 Mr. Emberton purchased the above described 804 filOGEAtHtCAL AtPENDlX. 240 acres of land, where he has since resided. His first wife died in August, 1860, and in December of the following year he was united in marriage to Miss Electa Van Wye, who was born in Scioto County, Ohio, in 1839. Five children of this union are living: Lucy, George, Florence, Elizabeth and William. When Mr. Emberton came to Sullivan he possessed but $1.50, but, by industry, good management and natural business ability, has become the owner of 484 acres of good land, upon which he keeps from eighty to one hundred head of stock per annum. In politics he is a Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, in 1852. In August, 1860, he was elected county judge, which office he held six years, being the only man who held office in the county during the entire period of the war. In 1856 he was elected justice of the peace, and served his constitu- ents twenty-two years. During the late war he served in the State Militia. He is a member of the Christian Church, a Koyal Arch Mason, and one of the most respected and honored citizens of the county. James Fairley was born in Ohio, May 17, 1829. His father, Henry Fairley, was a native of Virginia, and in his youth went to Ohio, where he married Nancy Mackey, a native of that State. The family moved west to Missouri, in 1843, and settled near Trenton, Grundy County, where they lived one year. From there they went to Mercer County, and two years later came to Sulli- van County, where James grew to manhood. After reaching man's estate he was married, in Liberty Township, Sullivan County, in 1855, to Miss Julia A. Hamrick, a native of Sullivan County. After his marriage Mr, Fairley resided upon the old homestead, which he had entered previous to his father's death. He moved upon his present farm in 1870. He at first bought but sixty acres, which he proceeded to improve, but to which he has since added until he now owns 300 acres in all, 220 being in the home farm ; forty acres of this are timbered pasture land, and the balance meadow pasture and plow land. He also owns eighty acres of prairie pasture land in another tract. In 1850 Mr. Pair- ley went overland to California, with Packwood's train of about thirty wagons, the journey occupying about six months. He spent two years in California engaged in mining and team- ing, and then returned via San Francisco and Central America to New York. After landing at Cuba, one day was spent at Havana. In 1863 Mr. Fairley made a second trip to California, where he conducted a ranch until 1869. From California he went to Oregon, remaining eighteen months, and then returned to California. He returned home in 1869 via the Union Pacific Eoad, making the trip to Omaha in eight days. While in Cali- SULLIYAN COUNTY. 805 fornia, during the year 1867, Mr. Fairley lost his wife. He has four children: William A. J. (married and at home), J. M. (married), M. H. (also at home) and P. M. Mr. Fairley is a member of the Christian Church. He is identified with the Democratic party, and has been elected, and served as justice of the peace of Liberty Township. He is a successful farmer, and one of the respected citizens of the township. Dr. Oliver H. Ferrell, senior member of the firm of Ferrell & Roberts, physicians and surgeons, at Green City, is a native of Holmes County, Ohio, and was born in 1836, his parents being Hanson and Sarah (Ruble) Ferrell. The father was a native of Shepardstown, Md., where he was principally reared, and where he was married. Soon after the latter event he removed to Holmes County, Ohio, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying in August, 1864. When a young man he learned the miller's trade, which he followed successfully a number of years, but the latter part of his life he devoted to farming. He was for many years a deacon in the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he and his wife were long and consistent members; the mother died in 1880. Our subject was reared at home, where he received a common-school education, and a nine-months' course at the Spring Medical College. When quite young he showed a desire for the medical profession, and spent his leisure moments in reading all he could pertaining to that subject. He after- ward spent about two and a half years of study under his brother. Dr. Charles B. Ferrell, now of Columbus, Ohio, but before com- pleting his studies offered his services in the defense of his country, and at the commencement of the war enlisted for three months, but was not called to duty. In 1861 he enlisted in Company H, Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, Gen. Rosecrans being first in command. He went in as a private, but soon became sergeant and afterward second lieutenant. He fought in the bat- tles of South Mountain and Antietam. He was wounded while in Virginia, the ball entering on the left side of the nose, and pass- ing to the back of his head, where it still remains. He also received a wound in the left thigh at Cloyd Mountain, May 10, 1864, and on the 13th was taken a prisoner, and transported to Augusta, Ga., where he was held for about six weeks, when, in order to make room for Hood's prisoners, he was compelled to go to Andersonville, where he was kept until November of the same year, when he was paroled at Savannah, Ga., and furloughed home in February, 1865, and, not being sufficiently recovered in health to join his company, was mustered out. He soon after resumed his medical studies, and also practiced dentistry for some time. He was united in marriage, in 1860, to Miss Minerva, 806 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. daughter of Charles and Anna Hayward, a native of Dunkirk, N. Y. In 1866 he moved to Sullivan County, and located three miles west of the present site of Green City, where he farmed and improved his land during the summer and taught during the winter for some . years. He continued to farm until about 1875, but then turned his attention to his chosen profession, and removed to Kiddville, where he remained until Green City was established, when he was one of the first to locate in the new town, where he commenced his practice with great success. In politics he was formerly a Democrat, but cast his first presiden- tial vote for Lincoln in 1860, and since the war has been a Republican. He is united with the Masonic fraternity, the G. A. R. and A. O. U. W. John W. Finney was born in Lebanon, Russell Co., Va., in 1835, and is a son of Reuben and Rebecca (Johnson) Finney. George Finney, the grandfather of John W., was born in Virginia, and lived to the advanced age of one hundred and ten. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. Reuben Finney was born in Fauquier County, Va., in 1800, but when young went to Russell County, where he was reared and has since resided. The mother of John W. was born in Russell County, Va., in 1802, and died in 1850. She was the mother of ten children, of whom John was the third. After her death Mr. Finney was united in marriage to Nancy Grisell, who is yet living. John received his education at a log school-house in his native county, and in 1857 came to Sullivan County, Mo. In 1858 he, in company with thirty- eight others, started for California, and, after a journey of six months, arrived at his destination, where he remained about a year. He returned to Virginia by water, and, in 1868, again came to Sullivan County, Mo. In August of the same year he married Miss Virginia C. McQuown, daughter of Patrick McQuown. Mrs. Finney was born in Russell County, Va., in 1838, and to her union with the subject of this sketch seven children have been born: Mollie B. (deceased, aged three), Eugene L. (deceased, aged fourteen), Charles P. (deceased, aged eighteen), Minnie B., Bezzie B., Cora A. and John Mc. After his marriage Mr. Finney located in Pleasant Hill Township, where he bought fifteen acres of land, and erected a house. He afterward increased his landed prop- erty to 1,050 acres. In 1869 he bought 320 acres northwest of Milan, and resided there nine years. He then lived in Pleasant Hill again until 1883, when he returned to Milan, which is now his home. He resides in a fine house, desirably located, and is one of the active and prosperous business men of the town. He has always been engaged in buying and shipping stock, and is an extensive dealer in that line. In politics he is g, stanch SULLIVAN COUNTY. 807 Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan in 1856. William D. Fisher, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Bath County, Ky., in 1856, and is a son of James and Emily (Tapp) Fisher. The father was of Irish origin, and born in Bourbon County, Ky., in 1825. He was engaged in farming during his en- tire life, in his native State, although he resided in different count- ies. He served during the entire Rebellion in a company of the Seventh Kentucky Cavalry. He was a brave and fearless soldier, always in the front of the battle, and fought in many severe con- flicts He was wounded at Nashville by the explosion of a shell, and was ta,ken prisoner, and retained at Andersonville six weeks. His wife, Emily (Tapp) Fisher, was born in Montgomery County, Ky., in 1835, and died in 1871. William D., the subject of this sketch, is the third of a family of six children. He lived with his parents until of age, receiving a district school education during his youth. In 1877 he went to Grundy County, Mo., and in 1879 came to Sullivan County. October 13 of that year he was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. Haley, daughter of Silas Haley. Mrs. Fisher was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1856, and has borne her husband two children-^Maggie and Susie. Mr. Fisher is a well-to-do young farmer, of good business ability, highly esteemed for his good character. He is the owner df 280 acres of excellent land. In politics he is a stanch Republican. Mrs. Fisher is a member of the Christian Church. John W. Foster was born in Cole County, Mo., in 1836, and is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thomas) Foster. Both parents were born in Tennessee, and their marriage occurred in their native State. They immigrated to Missouri in an early day, and in 1842 located in Sullivan County, where they both died. The father was a farmer by pccupation, and in politics a Jackson Democrat. The mother was a worthy member of the United Baptist Church. John W. was the eldest child of a family of three sons and three daughters. His early education was under the guidance of Mr. John Harris, but, his father having died when he was but a lad of eleven, he was obliged to support his mother and younger brothers and sisters, and was thus deprived of an opportunity to pursue his studies. In 1856 he was united in marriage to Martha Jones, a native of Kentucky, born in 1836. This union was blessed with eleven children: Elizabeth, Edmond S., Sarah, Ellen, Frances, William, Thomas, Andrew J., Elias S. and Alfred and Elfa (twins). Mrs. Foster is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. During the late war Mr. Foster served in the militia at irregular periods, until 1864, when he joined Company E, Forty -fourth Missouri Volunteer Infantry 808 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. in which he served until the close of the war. He was seized with the measles while in service, and obliged to lie in the snow at night, and from the effects of this exposure has never recovered. On this account he is now drawing a pension. In politics he is Democratic in his views. He has been a resident of Sullivan County since about 1841, and is one of its self-made men; and, although he began life upon a salary of but $3 per month, is now one of the well-to-do farmers of the township. William P. Gibson was born in Linn County, Mo., February 22, 1856. His father, George W. Gibson, was born in the same county in March, 1837, and was said to be the first white child born in Linn County. The grandfather of our subject, William P., was born in the year 1809, in Tennessee, where he grew to man- hood and married. He located in Missouri about 1836, settling in Linn County, and is now a resident of Browning. George W. Gibson is still a resident of Linn County, Mo. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native county, and there received a Sfood common-school education. He also attended the State Normal at Kirksville two years, and, until about two years ago, devoted his attention to teaching in the winter and farming in the summer. He taught the first school ever taught in Brown- ing. He was married in Linn county on Pebruary 25, 1877, to Miss Olivia M., daughter of D. P. Nickell. Mrs. Gibson is also a native of Linn County, and is the mother of five children: Hattie May, Anna L., Ethel L., Goldie S. and Pearl. After his marriage Mr. Gibson farmed until 1880 with his father. In the :^all of 1879 he purchased his present place, upon which he moved in Mai-ch, 1880. He owns 320 acres in the home place, which is all fenced, and the greater part under cultivation. He leases 640 acres of land adjoining the home place, and has a good house, orchards and out-buildings. He is greatly interested in stock raising, to which he intends devoting his entire attention. He has the finest herd of Hereford cattle in the county, of which he makes a specialty. He has three pure-blooded pedigreed animals; one named Pirate, No. 16393, stands at the head of his herd, weighing 2,200 pounds, and but three years old. Mr. Gib- son is a member of the I. O. O. P. lodge at Milan, and his wife is a member of the Baptist Church. He is one of the most pros- perous and successful men of the county, and ranks among its best as well as respected citizens. P. T. Grace was born in Hampshire County, W. Va., in 1831, and is a son of Jacob and Barbara (Wheeler) Grace. The father was of Scotch-Irish descent, and born in Hampshire County, W. Va., in 1804. He was a prominent and enterprising citizen of the County, whose advice was often asked in regard to county affairs, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 809 For fifteen years he was engaged in the mercantile business, and for years served his county as justice of the peace. His death occurred in 1863. His wife was born in the same county as her husband in 1813, died in 1850, and was of French descent. P. T. Grace was the eldest of ten children, and, living with his par- ents until twenty-two years of age, was educated in his native State and county. In June, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Thirty- third Eegiment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, First Brigade, known as Stonewall's brigade, and was made captain, afterward promoted , major, and finally advanced to lieutenant-colonel. He partici- pated in some of the hardest fought battles of the Rebellion, and was in almost every engagement in which the command took a part. After the war he taught school one term. In March, 1853, he married Miss Louisa J., daughter of John and Keziah Ean- nells. Mrs. Grace was born in Hampshire County, Va., in 1833, and is the mother of five children: William M., proprietor of a hotel in Humphreys; Charles W., liveryman at same place; Arthur C, Gertrude, and Bernice. In November, 1866, he left Virginia, and immigrated to Livingston County, Mo., leaving that place in 1874, and locating in Sullivan County, Mo. He then purchased 180 acres of land in Bowman Township, where he now resides. He is a well-to-do farmer, owning 360 acres of well improved and cultivated land, and is regarded as one of the influential citizens of the township. Himself and wife are worthy and devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, of which Mr. Grace is class leader, steward and superin- tendent of the Sunday-school. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, in 1852. Clark Griffith was born in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, Decem- ber 2, 1854, and is a son of Samuel E. and Mary Jane Griffith. The father was born in Lancaster County, Penn., September 2, 1817, and is a son of S. E. Griffith and Catherine (Cosner) Griffith, natives of Chester and Lancaster Counties, Penn., respect- ively. His great-grandfather came from England with William Penn, and was a Quaker. S. E. Griffith died in Pennsylvania in 1881, and his wife in 1885. S. E. Griffith, Jr., the father of our subject, was reared in Pennsylvania, and there married, April 6, 1840, to Miss Mary Jane Newell, a native of Chester County. After his marriage he farmed in Lancaster County until 1848, and in the fall of that year moved to Ohio, and settled in Bel- mont County, where he farmed about three years. He then farmed in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, until 1865, when he bought land in Liberty Township, Sullivan County, which he moved upon and began to improve, He now owns 240 acres of land under a good state of cultivation in the home place, upon which is a good SI 810 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. house surrounded by ordinary outbuildings. Mr. and Mrs. Griffith are members of the Christian Church, and have reared a family of ten children, eight of whom are living. Wesley enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty- second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in 1862, and participated in the battle of Winchester. He was captured and held at the Danville prison from July to the following March, when he was paroled and returned home. He was so broken in health that he died the next June; Merritt resides in M(mtana ; John, in Illinois ; Clark, in Sullivan County ; Ann and Catherine, in Nebraska; Martha Jane, in Sullivan County; Sarah F.,in Illinois. Clark Griffith, our immediate sub- ject, accompanied his parents to Missouri in 1865, and lived with them until twenty-three years of age. The time between 1878 and 1880 he spent in Kansas and Texas, part of the time driving a stage in San Antonio, Texas. He then returned home, but in 1881 went to Colorado, where he remained a year, and later returned again. March 15, 1883, he married Ellen Madkins, a native of Sullivan County, and daughter of Andrew Madkins. After his marriage Mr. Griffith settled upon his present farm of eighty acres, which he is cultivating and improving. He lives in a good one-and-a-half-story house, and is somewhat interested in stock raising in connection with farming. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church. Charles Gurn was born in Adams County, 111., in 1845, and is a son of Charles and Mary A. (Gumph) Gurn. The father was of German descent, and born in Lancaster, Penn. He was a tailor and carpenter by trade, and for many years served as captain on a Mississippi steamboat which ran between Quincy and St. Louis. In 1835 he located in Quincy, 111., and in 1850 started for California by water, but died when near the Isthmus of Panama, where he was buried. The mother was born at Harper's Ferry, Va., and is a resident of Quincy, 111. Charles was the fifth of seven children, and was but five years of age at the time of his father's death. He then lived with his mother until July 25, 1862, when he enlisted in Company K, Seventy- eighth Regiment Illinois Infantry, for three years, or during the war. He fought in the battles of Jonesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Eidge, Kenesaw Mountain, Sweet Water Valley, Peach Tree Creek, Bentonville and several skirmishes. He was wounded in the last named battle, and, after having served two years and eleven months, was discharged at Washington, D. C, in June, 1865. He then engaged in farming in Adams County, and in 1866 moved to Chillicothe and farmed there. In 1868 he commenced draying, and the following year opened a butcher and provision store. In 1871 he moved to Palmyra, Mo., and in SULLIVAN COUNTY. 811 1876 came to Milan, where he engaged in teaming and transfer business until May, 1887, when he opened a livery and feed stable, where he . kee'ps about eight horses, two single buggies, one double buggy, two-horse wagons, one two-horse sleigh, etc. In 1868 he married Miss Mary A., daughter of George Young, of Chillicothe. Mrs. Gurn was born in Ohio in 1841, and is the mother of six living children: Emma, Edward, George, Nellie, Lee, Bertie, and an infant daughter. Mr. Guru is a Eepublican, and a member of the G. A. E. and K. of L. J. C. Guyman & Co., merchants of Newtown, Mo., commenced business here in May, 1880. The members of the firm are three brothers, J. C and M. W. constituting the firm at first, and in March, 1886, W. T. becoming a partner. They carry a good stock of general merchandise, and have, by integrity and fair dealing, built up a good trade. They moved to their present location in August, 1887. J. C. Guyman was born in Adams County, III, January 25, 1846. His father, Isaiah Guyman, was a native of North Carolina, and when a jowng man went to Illinois, where he married Hannah Martin. Mr. Guyman was an early settler in Adams County, 111., and in December, 1857, located in Mercer County, Mo., where he now resides. J. C. accompanied his par- ents to Mercer County, Mo., and grew to manhood in that county, receiving a good education. He evinced a desire for a commer- cial life, and in 1868 became a clerk at Newtown. He also clerked some in Princeton, and in 1875 began business for himself. In 1870 he was married, in Mercer County, to Miss Keziah Harry- man, a native of that county. Mrs. Guyman died in Newtown, in November, 1877, and was the mother of two children: Flor- ence E. and Ira E. In August, 1878, Mr. Guyman was united to his present wife, who is a daughter of James Wallace, of Sulli- van County, and whose maiden name was Maria. Wallace. Mrs. Guyman was born in Illinois, and to her union with our subject four children have been born: Cora A., Elsie J., Myrtle B. and Julia F. Mr. Guyman is a member of the Masonic lodge at Newtown, and is one of the enterprising and active business men of Newtown, well deserving his success in commercial pursuits. John T. Haley was born in Sullivan County, July 18, 1864, and is a son of Hon. Hampton Wade Haley, who was born Feb- ruary 24, 1832, and Nancy H. (Jones) Haley. Charles Haley, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Bichmond County, N. C, in 1788, and was a son of Silas and Keziah (Medlock) Haley. He was married in 1819, and in 1831 went to Grant County, Ind. In a few years he returned to North Carolina, then went back to Grant County; then returned to North Carolina, and finally, in 1841, came to Sullivan County, Mo. He located in Bowman 812 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. Township, and erected a mill on Medicine Creek. In 1862 he went to Laclede, and while on a journey to Liuneus, his horses ran away and he was killed. He owned about 6,000 acres of land, and was one of the wealthiest men of the county. Haley City was named in honor of Wade H. Haley. The paternal grandmother of our subject was born in North Carolina, in 1800, and died in 1883. She was the mother of fourteen children, only four of whom are now living: Sarah J. (wife of John T. Moberly), Eliza (wife of Marshall Humphreys), Rachel (wife of A. Jones), and Polly (wife of Samuel Ocksher). Hampton Wade Haley grew to manhood in Sullivan County, Mo. He had no educational advantages when a youth, but, after arriving at maturity, determined to become a well-informed man, and to that purpose read all the books and papers to which he could obtain access. His wife, and the mother of John T. Haley, was a daugh- ter of Gabriel Jones, a pioneer of Sullivan County, who came originally from Virginia, and was the first superintendent of the public schools of Sallivan County. Mr. Haley bought land, and located in Clay Township, in 186b, and at the time of his death owned over 1,700 acres, 1,000 being in Sullivan County, and the balance in Putnam, Grundy and Mercer Counties. He was nominated and elected to represent Sullivan Coiinty in the Leg- islature in 1874, and also represented the county in 1875. In 1863 he moved to California, where he resided one year. His death occurred April 23, 1875. His wife died November 22, 1884, leaving four children: John T., Charles G., Benjamin F. and Wade H. John T. Haley, our immediate subject, was reared in Clay Township, upon the farm, receiving a good education in the common schools of the neighborhood, and at the St. Francis College, Quincy, 111. December 28, 1881, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Julia A., daughter of Frank Johnson. Mrs. Haley wa,s born and reared in Sullivan County, and is the mother of the following children: Alwin Wood, Roxy A. and Overton. Mr. Haley has been engaged in farming since his marriage, and is also the proprietor of a livery and sale stable at Harris. He is a young man of high character, and one of the most enterprising and influential business men of the township. Judge Westley Halliburton was born in Humphreys County, Tenn., January 4, 1812, and is a son of Ambrose and Mary (Freeman) Halliburton. The father was of Scotch descent, and born in North Carolina in 1790. He went to Humphreys County, Tenn., in his youth, and was there married. In 1819 he moved to Dickson County, and four years later immigrated to Randolph County, Mo. He was a soldier in the Black Hawk War in 1832. His death occurred in 1859. The mother was of English and SULLIVAN COUNTY. 813 French descent, born in 1791, and died in 1876. Westley was the eldest of a family of nine children, and spent his boyhood assisting his father on the farm. He had a great thirst for knowledge, and borrowed all the accessible books in the neigh- borhood, and by this means, and the limited educational advan- tages offered by the common schools of the neighborhood, became fitted to teach a district school. For several years he taught school and labored upon the farm alternately, and in 1834 mar- ried Miss Sophia Holman. Mrs. Halliburton was born in Ken- tucky in 1815, and to her union with our subject (two children were left) Joseph H. was born, who is now a merchant in Milan, and Mary E., late wife of James M. De France, an attorney of Kirksville. After his marriage Mr. Halliburton engaged in farming two years, but, on account of his health, then sold out, and established a grocery store, which he afterward turned into a dry goods store. While in this business he began to study law, and in 1840 sold out, and moved to Bloomington, Macon County, where he opened a law office. He was elected county jadge in August of same year, and in 1844 was elected circuit attorney for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit. In 1845 he moved to Linneus, and in 1848 was re-elected. He resigned in 1851, and the fol- lowing year was elected to a seat in the Lower House of the Gen- eral Assembly. After serving in that session with fidelity and zeal, May 17, 1853, he was appointed receiver of public moneys for the Chariton Land District of Missouri by President Pierce. The office being at Milan, he resigned his seat in the Legislature, and moved to that town. He also acted as disbursing agent, and during his service collected about $1,000,000, which he sent by team to St. Louis. In 1857 he was again elected to the Lower House to fill a vacancy, and in 1858 was elected to the State Sen- ate. From 1864 to 1873 he farmed in St. Louis County, and then returned to the scenes which had become dear to him by long association, which he found greatly devastated by the rav- ages of war. In 1875 he was elected by his constituents to rep- resent them in the Constitutional Convention, and in 1882 was again elected to the State Senate. His first wife having died in 1841, the following year Mr. Halliburton married Armilda Col- lins, a native of Randolph County, Mo., by whom he has six liv- ing children: Helen M., wife of Samuel McEeynolds, attorney at Carthage; John W., attorney at same place; Thomas, merchant at Linneus; Westley, doctor at Alton, 111.; Martha J., wife of Robert Richardson, and Robert E. L. Mrs. Halliburten died in 1876, at the age of fifty-two, and in November, 1S78, Mr. Halli- burton married Miss Juliet Owen, who was born in Howard County in 1888. Judge Halliburton is one of the oldest and, 814 BlOGEAPfltCAL APPENDIl. most prominent citizens of the county, having been before the public almost constantly since 1840. He is a public-spirited man, interested in all enterprises conducive to the general wel- fare of his county, and was a charter member of the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Van Buren in 1836. He has ever been true to his party, and filled all offices of public trust with faith- fulness. He has been a member of the I. O. O. F. for the past thirty-seven years. His wife is a member of the Baptist Church. He is now living a retired life in one of the suburbs of Milan. Joseph H. Halliburton was born in Macon County, Mo., in 1836, and is a son of Westley and Sophia (Holman) Halliburton [see sketch of Westley Halliburton]. When nine years of age Joseph accompanied his father to Linneus, where he received the greater part of his education. In 1850 he came to Milan, and clerked in a dry goods store eighteen months. In 1854 he worked at the harness and saddle business, and in 1857 estab- lished a drug store, to which, in 1858, he added dry goods. In 1862, however, he sold his drug trade, and has since dealt in gro- ceries and dry goods. In 1862 he moved to Brunswick, Mo., which he made his home for two years. The year 1865 he spent at Centralia, 111. ; 1866 in Linneus, and in 1877 returned to Milan. May 12, 1887, he lost about $3,000 by fire, and is now erecting a building upon the site of the fire, two stories high, 44x116 feet, at a cost of about $9,000. July 4, 1855, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary F. Wilkerson, daughter of Henry Wilkerson, of Linneus. Mrs. Halliburton was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1839, and is the mother of the following chil- dren: Willie, Westley, John C, Ealph, Henry Arthur, Mary De France and Samuel. Mr. Halliburton is a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. He has been a Democrat all his life, and is one of the enterprising and esteemed citizens of the town. Mrs Hal- liburton belongs to the Christian Church. James W. Halliburton was born in Dixon County, Tenn., May 12, 1844, and is a son of Reuben P. and Cynthia (McMur- ray) Halliburton, natives of North Carolina and Tennessee, re- spectively. The father lived in Tennessee from his childhood until 1855, when he moved with his family to Sullivan County, Mo., and entered about 500 acres of land, which he proceeded to improve, and upon which he resided until his death, August 11, 1883. Previous to the war he served several tei-ms as justice of the peace. His widow, three sons and three daughters still sur- vive. James W. is one of a family of four sons and six daughters, of whom only himself and one brother are residents of Sullivan County. He grew to manhood upon his father's farm, and, at the SULiilTAN COUNfY. 815 age of twenty, went to Oregon, where he remained until the fall of 1868, spending the greater portion of the time upon a farm. He then returned to Sullivan County, and March 12, 1876, was united in marriage to Miss Adeline Simmons, daughter of Will- iam Simmons, of Sullivan County. Mrs. Halliburton was born in Ohio, and accompanied her parents to Sullivan County when but thirteen years of age. To her union with Mr. Halliburton three children have been born: Byron E., Effie, Mary and Charles E. W. After his return from Oregon Mr. Halliburton was engaged upon the farm with his father until the death of the lat- ter. He now lives upon and owns a part of the home place, and has a farm of 235 acres of land, mostly prairie, and all fenced. He has a young bearing orchard and a good house and outbuild- ings. J. M. Hamilton was born in Stark County, Ohio, in 1842, and is a son of Kev. John and Elizabeth (Vondersaal) Hamilton. He was reared upon the farm, and received but a common-school education in early life, but afterward fitted himself for the pro- fession of teaching, which occupation he engaged in three terms. In 1861 he went to Illinois, and farmed until 1865, when he returned to Ohio. In 1862 he married Jeanette Beese, who was born in Medina County, Ohio, in 184*2, and by her had seven children: John J., Harry A., Luly L., Clyde A., an infant un- named, Gertrude E. and William N. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hamil- ton belong to the Methodist Church South. In 1868 they came to Sullivan County, where they have since made their home. Mr. Hamilton is a good carpenter, and has worked some at that trade ; in fact, his own house was built by himself. He is the owner of 160 acres of good land, which he has made through hard work and good management, and is one of the respected citizens of the county. In politics he is a Democrat, and as such served for a time as township assessor, and, in 1883, was chosen township trustee, which position he filled efficiently four years. His father, John Hamilton, was born in Lancaster County, Penn., in 1803. He was well educated, and when a young man united with the Lutheran Church. In 1826 he entered the ministry, and for fifty-five years preached salvation to all who wished to hear. Until 1841 his labors were confined to Pennsylvania and Vir- ginia. In 1828 he was married to Elizabeth Vandersaal, who was born in Franklin County, Penn., in 1807, and when sixteen united with the Lutheran Church. In 1841 they moved to Stark County, Ohio, where he labored eight years, one year being spent in traveling and lecturing in the interest of the I. O. 0. F., in which he held the position of Grand Master and Grand High Priest. He was also a prominent Mason. He moved to Illinois 816 BIOGKAPHICAii APPENDIX. in 1867, where his last ministerial work was done in Montgomery County. In 1883 Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton gave up housekeeping, and came to live with their son, J. M., where the mother died in 1886. The father then returned to Ohio, where he still lives. In connection with his preaching Rev. Mr. Hamilton has also prac- ticed medicine, receiving a license so to do about the time of his marriage. In politics he is a Democrat. He is of Irish, and his wife was of Dutch descent. To their union the following children were born: Mary A., John V., Louisa M., Luther D., Josephus M. and Elizabeth A. Daniel N. Hardinger-was born in Pennsylvania, October 31, 1827, and is a son of Philip and Salome Hardinger, both natives of Pennsylvania. The family moved to Ohio in 1831, and settled in Knox County, where they reared their family, and improved a farm, and where the father died in 1848, and the mother died several years after, on the same farm. Our subject grew to man- hood in Knox County, Ohio, and was united in marriage there on April 11, 1851, to Miss Hester Jane Devore. To this marriage six children were born, four of whom grew to maturity: William P., Jennie P. (deceased February 17, 1883, at the age of twenty- nine years), Alice (wife of John Wade, of Green City), and James D. Mr. Hardinger' s second marriage occurred in Knox County, Ohio, September 10, 1865, when he was united in mar- riage to Miss Harriet Lore, who was born in Wooster, Wayne Co., Ohio, and reared in Knox County, Ohio. On November 2. 1871, he sold out, and moved to Sullivan County, Mo., locating in Sullivan County. April 20, 1876, he bought and moved upon the place where he now resides, which consists of 200 acres of good land in the home place, also fifty acres of timber in Section 16, Township 64, Range 18. Clayton Harmon, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Town- ship, was born in Adair County, Ky., in 1824, and is a son of William and Sarah (Pendleton) Harrison, natives of Virginia, but who when young were brought by their parents to Kentucky, where they were married, and spent the remainder of their lives. The father was a farmer, and died about 1876, and the mother passed away about 1880. Our subject was reared at home, and received but a limited education. His first marriage occurred in 1848, when he was united to Miss Margaret Lyons, by whom he had seven children, viz.: Elliott M., William T., John D., James P. (of Nebraska), Charles D., Nancy J. (wife of Israel Wood), and Anna A. (wife of William Orr). Mrs. Harmon died in 1866, and in January, 1868, our subject was married to Miss Rebecca, daughter of Charles and Catherine Thompson. To them were born five children, viz.: Anderson C, George W., Benjamin W., SULLIVAN COUNTY. 817 Homer and Flora. In 1851 Mr. Harmon removed to McDonough County, 111., and in 1855 came to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in Union Township, where he has since made his home. In 1864 he located a mile and a half northeast of Owasco, where he had a farm of 300 acres. He is one of the early settlers of the county, and had his choice of a large tract of land. He came to the county with no capital, but, through his industry, frugality and good management, has accumulated quite a handsome com- petency, and become one of the leading farmers of the county. During the war he served in the Missouri State Militia under Capt. Doze, but has made farming and stock raising his chief occupations. He is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Taylor. Alex. C. Harmon is a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Pipes) Harmon. The father was born in Pennsylvania, and when young immigrated to Kentucky, where he was married. In 1845 he left Kentucky, and came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he died in 1865, having been a widower for some time. He was a farmer by occupation, and in politics a Democrat. Both himself and wife were members of the United Baptist Church, and lived to an advanced age. In their family were two sons and one daughter, of whom but one — Alex. C. — survives. He was born in Boyle County, Ky., in 1827, and spent his youth upon the farm, receiving but a common-school education. At the age of twenty he began life for himself as an independent farmer, and has since devoted the greater part of his time to that occupation. When, sixteen years of age he united with the Missionary Baptist Church, and when twenty-six was ordained a minister of same. He remained a preacher in that church until 1865, when, becom- ing convinced that the Bible alone should be our guide, he joined the Christian Church, of which he has since been a member, preaching from time to time. In 1846 he was united in marriage to Margaret Thorp, a native of Kentucky. This union has been blessed with four children: Mary J., John I., Jacob B., apd Nancy E. (deceased). Mrs. Harmon is also a member of the Christian Church. Soon after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Harmon located in Pleasant Hill Township, where they have resided thirty-eight years. Three years were, however, spent in Browning. Mr. Harmon has been a resident of Sullivan County for over forty years, having come to the country when it was but a wilderness. He was very fond of hunting, and often a leader of the chase, some winters catching from twenty to twenty -five wolves. He is a well-informed man, of natural business ability, and one of the most respected and thrifty citizens of the county. He is a Democrat, and uses all his political influence in behalf of 818 BIOGKAPaiCAL AtPENDli. that party. For some time he served as township collector with general satisfaction. He was an I. O. O. F. before the war, but has never renewed his membership. Samuel Harris is a son of Charles and Priscilla (Collins) Harris, natives of Virginia, and born in 1776 and 1783, respect- ively. They were married in North Carolina in 1805, where they lived until 1822. Their next home was in Lee County, W. Va., but in 1842 immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in Pleasant Hill Township. Mr. Harris was a well-to-do farmer, and lived to the advanced age of ninety-five. He was a Demo- crat, a soldier in the War of 1812, and United States minute man. Himself and wife were members of the Baptist Church. Samuel Harris was the fourth child of a family of seven sons and five daughters; and was born in Stokes County, N. C, in 1815. He was reared upon his father's farm, and received a common-school education during his youth. At the age of twenty-one he worked as an apprentice at the carpenter's and cabinet-maker's trades for five years, and for fifteen years more engaged in work at these trades. After coming to Sullivan County he settled upon the farm where lie now lives, and in connection with his farming worked at his trades, thereby accumulating enough money to pay for the farm. In 1848 he was united in marriage to Miss Amanda M. F. Pilcher, a native of Kentucky, and by her had three children: James M., Mary L. and Charles. Mrs. Harris having died, Mr. Harris wedded Sarah E. Thomas in 1859. The first wife of Mr. Harris was a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, but Mr. and Mrs. Harris are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Mr. Harris has been a resident of Sullivan County for over forty-five years, and during this time has amassed a comfortable competency, and established a name above reproach. He is a hard-working man, and owns 160 acres of good land, 120 of which are well improved anc^ cleared. He is of Irish descent upon his father's, and English upon his mother's side, and combines the national traits of both in regard to industry and quick ability. A. W. Harris. Among the wealthy and influential citizens of Sullivan County is the subject of the present sketch. Judge A. W. Harris, who was born in Boone Coulity, Mo., No- vember 5, 1822, and is a son of James B. Harris, a native Ken- tuckian, who was born in Madison County. There he passed his youth, and was married, after which, about 1818, he moved to Mis- souri, and settled in what is now Boone County, where he passed the remainder of his days. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and was taken prisoner at Horseshoe Bend during the battle of Dudley's Defeat. He was elected and served as sheritt' of Boone Sullivan coitnty. 819 County for several terms, and was fulfilling tlie duties of that onerous position at the time of his death, in 1835. He died in the prime of his manhood, being but forty -five years of age. A. W. Harris commenced life when a young man with no capital save good business ability, and a pair of hands ready and willing to work. At the -age of twenty he came to Sullivan County, and settled in Clay Township, where he now resides. He at first en- tered 160 acres of land, which he proceeded at once to improve, and by good management and industry was soon able to add to his original tract from time to time, until he now owns 4,000 acres of well improved and cultivated land, 3,600 acres lying in Sullivan County and 400 in Mercer County, Mo. This immense tract of land is well fenced, and almost all utilized as pasture and meadow land. Judge Harris lives in a commodious two- story dwelling, which is conveniently situated near comfortable barns and outbuildings. In January, 1844, he was united in mar- riage to Miss Gabriella A. Nelson, who was born in North Caro- lina, but reared in Cooper County, Mo., where she was married. This union has been blessed with five children : W. James Harris, who died in August, 1886; Minerva, wife of John F. Johnson, a prosperous farmer of Liberty Township; Ann T., wife of John H. Harryman, a substantial farmer of Sullivan County ; Jerusha, wife of Thomas Woods, youngest son of Joseph Woods, of Put- nam County, and Overton Harris, a young married man, who has earned the esteem and confidence of the community by his high moral character, and his business integrity and sagacity. Mrs. Harris died May 26, 1886. In politics Judge Harris is a Dem- ocrat, and by that party was nominated and elected, in 1876, pre- siding judge of the county, which oflice he filled two terms with great efficiency. The Judge is a genial and hospitable gentle- man, generous, and a man of high impulses. He is a liberal do- nator to the building of churches and the support of the same, although he is not a member of any particular denomination. He is a public-spirited gentleman, and is always interested in all laudable public enterprises. He granted the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Eailroad the right-of-way through the choicest of his land for about four miles, and in the spring of 1887 laid out a town upon his farm on a desirable portion of it, near his own residence. He gave the railroad company about forty acres of land upon which to build a depot, with switches and side tracks, etc., which the company has done, and in connection therewith has established stock yards, etc., making this vicinity a prosper- ous business place. The Judge erected this first business house here, and at the present writing there are six others, besides structures which will soon be completed. Of the latter may be 826 BIOGEAtHlCAti APPENDIX. mentioned a church for which Judge Harris gave the land, be- sides contributing largely toward the erection of same. The Judge contemplates the erection of a fine brick bank building in the near future, which will greatly enhance the business activ- ity of the town. Judge Harris is a member of the Masonic fra- ternity, Lodge No. 190, at Newtown, Mo. John Harris is the youngest son of Charles and Priscilla (Collins) Harris [see preceding sketch], and was born in Lee County, W. Va., in 1823. He was reared upon a farm, and educated at the common schools of the neighborhood. After coming to Missouri he taught school for two or three years, and was accounted a good instructor in those days. He entered land in Missouri when the country was in a wild and uncultivated state, but has cleared about 115 acres of land, which are well cultivated and improved. Wild game was abundant in those days, and bears and deer were no uncommon sight. While digging his first well Mr. Harris killed eight wild turkeys with- out leaving his work. In 1848 he was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Franklin, who was born in Kentucky in 1833, and died in 1858. By this marriage he had four children: William C, Priscilla A., Mallory M. and Francis N. In 1859 Mr. Har- ris married Nancy Boling, who was born in Kentucky in 1841, and died in 1883. To this union nine children were born: Mary E., Nancy J., John W. J., Charles H., James H., Florence B., Benjamin A., Maggie B. and Joseph A. In 1884 Mr. Harris wedded Mrs. Mary A. Frazier, who was born in Kentucky in 1833. The first two wives of Mr. Harris were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, his third wife belonged to the Christian Church, and he himself is united with the United Baptist Church. In politics he a Democrat, and as such has held the office of township trustee two years, and has also served as township clerk two years. He is a self-made man, and one of the best known men of the township, having resided upon the same place over forty-five years. Charles M. Harris was born in Lee County, Va., in 1831, and is the eldest child of Uriah and Sarah A. (Knifong) Harris. The father was born in North Carolina in 1807, and early in life went to Virginia. The mother was born in 1804, in the last named State, and was there married and lived until her removal with her husband to Sullivan County, Mo., during the early his- tory of that county. Upon their arrival in Missouri they had but a horse and $5 in money, but immediately entered a nice little farm, upon which they passed their lives. Both were worthy members of the Methodist Church. Their, deaths occurred in 1879 and 1875, the mother being called away first. Charles M. SULLIVAN COUNTY. 821 lived with his parents until of age, working upon the farm, and attending the primitive schools of the neighborhood. In 1852 he went to California, driving an ox team to that place, where he remained three years working for wages and prospecting. He then returned home upon a mule, and, with the money he had accumulated, purchased a piece of land, to which he has added acre by acre, until he now possesses 440 acres of good land, upon which he is engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1860 he was married to Elizabeth P. Franklin, by whom he had two chil- dren: Norman B. and Sarah E. After the death of his first wife, Mr. Harris was married, in 1866, to Mary J. Harmon, who was born in Sullivan County in 1847. To this union nine chil- dren have been born: Margaret J., John A., Henry O., Emma E., Annie L., Edwin E., James, Lester and Dora V. Both Mr. Har- ris and his two wives have been united to the Methodist Episco- pal Church South. In politics Mr. Harris has always been a stanch Democrat, and as such served his township some time as trustee. His first presidential vote was cast for Pierce. During the. late war he was a member of the militia. His ancestors upon the paternal side were Scotch and Irish, and upon the ma- ternal side, German. David W. Herr was born in Adams County, Penn., in 1839. He is the third of a family of eight children born to Christian P. and Jane R. (Wilson) Herr. The parents were both natives of Pennsylvania, the father having been born in Lancaster County, and the mother in Adams County. Mr. Herr died in Pennsylvania, and Mrs. Herr then lived with her children in Missouri, until her death. Mr. Herr was a miller by occupation for many years, and afterward ran a nurpber of transportation teams. The educational advantages of David W. were very meager during his youth, but, bis parents being well educated, he was taught to read at home. Being of an independent and energetic disposition, he began life for himself when very young. For eleven years he engaged in teaming, and then was employed in an iron foundry, of which he soon became foreman. This business he was obliged to resign on account of weak eyes. In 1869 he came to Missouri, and engaged in farming. In 1873 he married Sarah J. Patterson, daughter of Sidney and Martha Patterson, of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Herr are benevolent people, and, having no children of their own to care for, adopted a little boy, who, when ten years old, was accidentally drowned while bathing. Mr. Herr is a Democrat, as was his father, and both himself- and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. They are well known and respected people and by industry and economy . now own 305 acres of good land, well improved and cultivated. 822 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. James A. Hill, a stock raiser of Green City, is a native of Ontario, Canada, where he was born in 1848, and a son of Will- iam and Mary Ann (Duran) Hill, natives of Pennsylvania and England, respectively. The father was taken to Canada by his parents when but a boy, and there lived and married. In 1864 he removed to Michigan, remaining until 1869, when he removed to Putnam County, Mo., where he spent the residue of his life, as a farmer. He was about one year younger than his wife, who died in 1881 at the age of sixty-three. He died ten years previ- ous. Our subject was reared at home, where he received a com- mon-school education. He was united in marriage in Michigan, in 1868, to Miss Sarah L., daughter of Oliver and Sarah Bowen, of Michigan, by whom he had five children, four of whom are living, viz.: Charley W., Ivy, Nellie and Minnie. Mr. Putnam accompanied his parents to Putnam County, in 1869, and remained there until 1873, when he came to Sullivan County, and located a short distance north of where Green City now is, where he farmed and dealt in stock until 1880, and then removed to Green City, where he and Mr. Pfeiffer established the first hardware store of the town. This business he conducted for about two years, since which time he has exclusively devoted his attention to buying and shipping stock, which seems to be his natural vocation, he being thoroughly informed with all pertain- ing to that business. He probably handles more varieties of stock in that way than any other man in Sullivan County. He is now pleasantly and comfortably located northeast of the cen- tral portion of Green City, and has a beautiful residence in one of the most desirable portions of the town. He is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. His wife is united with the Pres- byterian Church. Harry Jerome Hinckley is a native of Medina County, Ohio, born in 1848, and is a son of Dexter L. and Ehoda (Warner) Hinckley. The father was born in Lake County, Ohio, in 1830, is of English ancestry, and a teacher by profession. He began to teach at the age of sixteen, and continued engaged in that vocation until 1883, his field of labor being in Ohio, Kentucky, Iowa and Missouri. He received a common -school and collegiate education. After his marriage he resided in Medina County, Ohio, and in 1866 moved to Madison County, Iowa, and the same year came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he bought 180 acres of land in Union Township. Since 1883 he has been employed as a traveling salesman for the Moline Plow Manufacturing estab- lishment of Kansas City. He owns 150 acres in Polk Township. The mother, Ehoda (Warner) Hinckley, is of English, ancestry, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 823 and a native of Medina County, Ohio, where she was born about 1829.' Harry Jerome Hinckley is the only living child of a fam- ily of three. He attended public schools, and the State Normal at Kirksville one year. Since the age of seventeen he has been em- ployed in teaching, with the exception of three years (1867, 1868 and 1869) while he served in the standing army. He has been very successful in his profession, and has confined his labors to Sullivan County. In 1867 he enlisted in the United States army, as above stated, and spent three years in Western Kansas and the Indian Territory, scouting and raiding. In March, 1877, he married Miss Sarah L. Morrison, daughter of Gilbert M. L. Mor- rison, and a native of Sullivan County, born in 1856. This union has been blessed with three children : Eva, De Lorma and Delos. Mr. Hinckley is a farmer, and the owner of forty acres of good land. Himself and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Republican, but cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley in 1872. Elisha E. Humphreys, one of the first settlers of Taylor Town- ship, and a son of Uriah and Rachel Humphreys, was born in Sullivan County, Ind., in 1835, and when a mere boy came with his parents to this county, and settled where he now lives. Uriah Humphreys was born in Kentucky in 1796, and when young went to Southern Indiana, where he married Rachel Gordon, a native of South Carolina. They lived in Gibson County, Ind., until 1839, when they came to Sullivan County, Mo., settling in Taylor Township, where they spent the remainder of their days. He was a soldier of the War of 1812, a Democrat in politics, and he and wife were members of the Primitive Baptist Church, and the parents of eight children. Mr. Humphreys died in 1843, and Mrs. Humphreys afterward married Mr. H. Woods. Her death occurred in 1877. Elisha B., the subject of this sketch, was reared on a farm, and his advantages when a boy were meager, his father having died when he was but five years old, leaving his widow and children to make their own way in the world. The first money Mr. Humphreys ever made was by cutting rails at 40 cents per 100. When he was about fourteen years old he began farming, and for many years made that his occupation, and has been connected with that business up to the present time. For many years he has been engaged in buying and selling cattle to some extent, and has been very successful in acquiring this world's goods. Mr. Humphreys began life poor, having only ninety acres, but by industry and good management has now 2,600 acres of good land, and is the most extensive land owner living in Taylor Township. In 1852 he married Mary A. Dob- bins, who is a native of Sangamon County, 111. They are the 824 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. parents of the following named children: Thomas, Lizzie, John A., Emma, Charles, Prank, James, Verna, Helen, Herman and William. In Masonry Mr. Humphreys is a member of the Chap- ter, and in politics is a Democrat^the only one of the six boys in his father's family. Mrs. Humphreys is a member of the Chris- tian Church. Maj. Samuel C. Hutchinson, treasurer of Sullivan County, Mo., was born in Washington County, Penn., in 1835, and is a son of Robert T. and Lydia (Johnson) Hutchinson. The father was of Scotch and Irish descent, and a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, where he was born in 1811. The grandfather, James H., was a native of Westmoreland County, Penn., and from there moved to Jefferson County, Ohio. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and participated in the battle on Lake Erie in 1813. under Capt. Perry. His death occurred about nine months later from the effects of a wound received in that battle. Robert T. returned to Pennsylvania with his mother when a small child, and was married in Washington County of that State in after years. In 1851 he moved to Ohio, and located in Belmont County, and worked at the blacksmith's trade, which he had learned during his youth. In 1868 he came to Sullivan County, locating in Taylor Township, and there purchased 100 acres of land, and devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. The mother of our immediate subject, and the wife of Robert C, was born in Washington County, Penn. in 1812, and was of Irish and German descent. After her death in 1876, Mr. Hutchinson lived with his children until 1885, when he joined the silent throng beyond. Samuel C. Hutchinson was the eldest of a family of seven children, and received his education in Pennsyl- vania and Ohio, having gone to the latter State when sixteen years of age. A year later he began to learn the carpenter's trade, and in 1857 began life as a millwright. He soon engaged in milling, but his business was interrupted by the breaking out of the Civil War, for, being a stanch and loyal Union man, he felt that the country had need of his services, and accordingly enlisted in August, 1862. He joined Company E, Fifty-second Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which he served val- iantly and faithfully for three years, and during his entire serv- ice was neither captured nor wounded. He participated in the battle of Perryville, Ky., Stone River, Tenn., and Chickamauga, among others, and then accom panied Sherman from Chattanooga to Atlanta. . He also went with him upon his famous march to the sea, and up the coast to Washington, D. C. After enlisting he was made second lieutenant, and during the first year of his service arose to ^the first lieutenantcy. He was then made SULLIVAN COUNTY. 825 captain, and after his discharge June 31, 1865, was promoted to the office of brevet major. In October, 1855, Maj. Hutchinson was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Powell, born in Monroe County, Ohio in 1835, and a daughter of John Powell. This union has been blessed with seven children: Oscar P., Eugart A., Willie B., Annie R, Nellie G., John H. and Charles J. In the fall of 1865 Mr. Hutchinson immigrated to Linn County, Mo., and located at Laclede, devoting his attention to agricult- ural pursuits. In the fall of 1868 he came to Sullivan County and engaged in milling and farming near Browning. In 1878 he was elected sheriff of Sullivan County, and served one term of two years. During the same year he moved to Milan, where he has since resided. In 1884 he was elected treasurer of his county, and in 1886 re-elected to the same office. He is the only Republican holding an official position, and was elected in a strong Democratic county. In 1880 he erected a grist and saw mill in Milan, and has since been interested in that bxisiness in connection with his official duties. He is a Knight Templar in the Masonic fraternity and a member of Cceur De Leon Command- ery, No. 14, at Brookfield. He is also a worthy member of the I. O. O. P. and K. of P. fraternities. Besides being a highly honored and respected citizen and officer of public trust, Maj. Hutchinson is a gentleman greatly esteemed for his integrity and high moral character, and is a public-spirited and generous representative of Sullivan County's most prominent men. James Jacobs was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1851, and is a son of Alfred and Martha (Brookshire) Jacobs, natives of Tennessee, and born in 1804 and 1805, respectively. They were married in their native State in 1826, and after liv- ing there some time moved to Kentucky. In 1839 they immi- grated to Sullivan County, Mo., in an ox cart, with a family of four children, and located upon a farm. Both were members of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics the father was a Democrat. When sixty-five years of age he lost his eyesight, and subsequently spent the remainder of his days with his son, James. Mrs. Jacobs died in 1861, and her husband in 1887. James Jacobs is the youngest of a family of twelve children, eight of whom reside in Missouri, two in Kansas and two in California. At the age of fifteen he started out in life for him- self, and, after working at the blacksmith's trade a year, he began to farm. In a few years, which he devoted to the cultivation of a rented farm, he became the possessor of a place of his own. In 1869 he married Mary C. Clem, daughter of Henry Clem. Mrs. Jacobs was born in Sullivan County, in 1846, and is the mother of nine children: Ada V. (deceased), Katie A. (an infant, 52 826 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. deceased), Eva M., Thurman A., Henry E., Francis M., James Grover and tlie baby. Mi-. Jacobs has been a resident of Sulli- van County bis entire life, and is the owner of 160 acres of good land, and accounted a first-class farmer and citizen. He is a Democrat, and a Master Mason. J. D. Jessee was born in Bussell. County, Va., in 1852, and in 1856 removed with his parents to Miller County, Mo., where they remained one year. They then came to Linn County, Mo., and in 1859 permanently located in Sullivan County, Mo. Dur- ing his youth, when not working at manual labor on the farm, he attended the common schools of the neighborhood, and in 1874 he attended the select school of H. M. Peterson, after three years' teaching he turned his attention to farming, and for a time sold sewing machines. In 1875 he married Susan E. Knifong, daughter of Caleb Knifong. Mrs. Jessee was born in Sullivan County, Mo., and is the mother of seven children, these named now living: Elmer, Leroy A., Floy B., Chloe A. and Walter B. Both Mr. and Mrs. Jessee are members of the Christian Church, of which the former is an elder. In politics he is a Democrat, and the only office he has held was that of road overseer. Mr. Jessee is a self-made man; he began life poor, and is now the owner of 227 acres of as fine land as can be found in North Mis- souri, all the result of a life of labor and economy. His parents, F. B. and Lucinda (William) Jessee, were natives of Bussell County, Va., where they were married and lived until 1856, when they came west, finally locating permanently in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1859. Mr. Jessee was a farmer by occupation, working in his early life at the blacksmith's trade. Mrs. Jessee died in 1880; she was the mother of eight children. Mr. Jessee afterward married Miss Anna Dye, of Virginia. In politics he is a Democrat, having served as magistrate. In 1884 he opened a store in Browning, where he has since remained. Capt. J. W. Jewett was born in Bennington County, Vt., in 1828, and is a son of Henry and Maria (Woodard) Jewett. The family descended from three brothers, who came from England and located in Canada, New York and Connecticut, Henry being of the latter branch. He was born in Connecticut in 1801, and when two years old accompanied his parents to Vermont, where he was reared and married. In 1842 he immigrated to McHenry County, III., and located three miles from Woodstock, where he passed the remainder of his life engaged in farming. He died in 1879. The mother was of Scotch and English descent, and born in Windsor, Vt., in 1809. She is now living upon the old homestead in Illinois. Our subject was the eldest of ten chil- dren, seven of whom are living. When fourteen years old he SULLIVAN COUNTY. 827 was brought by his parents to Illinois, where he was. educated. He made his home with his parents until he became of age. In August, 1849, he married Miss Elmina Wheeler, who was born in Cortland County, N. Y., in 1832. To this union ten children were born: Charles M., William H., Joseph W., Cynthia (wife of David Wilson), Frank, Loan, Ada (wife of Jerow Moore), Minnie, Alden and Alvin. About 1854 Mr. Jewett moved near Princeton, Wis., where he lived three years, and the following three years resided in Moore County, Minn. In 1858 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he has since resided. In Febru- ary, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, and served until August of the same year, when he was discharged at Laclede. He then returned home and raised a company of State militia in nine days, of which he was elected captain. The company remained in the county on duty, and March 4, 1863, Capt. Jewett was made post- commander of Sullivan County, and served about one year and three months. In August, 1864, he enlisted in Company I, Forty-fourth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered out and discharged at St. Louis, August 15, 1865. He fought in the battles of Spring Hill, Nashville, and Franklin, among others. Upon his return home he purchased eighty acres of land, which he has since increased to 120 acres. He is one of the oldest and most respected citizens of the county. In politics is a Eepublican, his first presidential vote having been cast for Gen. Taylor, in 1848. Samuel L. Jewitt was born in Canada in 1858, and is a son of George and Mary Ann (Crosson) Jewitt. The father was born in London, England, in 1815, and when but a youth ran away from the parental roof, taking ship for Canada, where he lived and married. His occupation was that of farming, in which he was very successful, and became the owner of 300 acres of land. His death occurred in 1872. His wife was of German descent, born in Pennsylvania, in 1818, and died in 1872, only surviving her husband's death three weeks. She was the mother of four- teen children, of whom Samuel L. is the thirteenth. He was left an orphan when but thirteen years of age, and immediately afterward came to the United States, living in Lindley, Mo., with his brother, George G., until eighteen years of age. He then borrowed |60 on six months' time and went to California, where he herded cattle for $40 per month. He remained engaged at that work two years, and in 1880 came to Sullivan County, Mo. May 29, the following year, he wedded Miss MoUie, daughter of Silas T. Haley, who was born near her present residence in the year 1864. Two children, named Noel and Charles, have blessed this union. Mr. Jewitt is one of the successful and enterprising farmer citi- 828 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. zens of Bowman Township, being the owner of 400 acres of first- class land, and keeping annually about seventy -five head of fine stock. In politics he is a Democrat, and he is a member of the I. O. O. F. His wife belongs to the Christian Church, in which she takes an active interest. Richard M. Johnson was born in Washington County, Ind., in 1843. His parents, Josiah and Eachel (Powell) Johnson, were born in Kentucky in 1809, and South Carolina, in 1817, respectively. They were married in Washington County, Ind., where they had gone during their youth, and there lived until the Mexican War. Mr. Johnson enlisted in the war as major, but circumstances prevented his serving, and he moved to Fulton County, 111. Eight years later he removed to Henry County, Iowa, and in 1868 went to Linn County, Mo., where his wife died in 1885. He has since made his home with his children. During the days of the militia he held the offices of captain and major. In politics he is a Democrat. Of a family of seven sons and two daughters, only two are now living. Two of the sons, J. L. and W. P., were graduates of the Kirksville and Keokuk Medical Colleges. Col. J. B. attained distinction as an artist, and four of the sons were practical teachers for some time. Kichard M. received a good education during his youth, and, after attending the common schools in the vicinity in which he lived, went to Prof. Ed. Howe's select school. For a year he was master of a ward in the Mount Pleasant Insane Asylum. During the late war he served in the United States commissary department. In 1865 he went to Linn County, Mo., and for two years engaged in business there, being the first man who handled groceries exclusively in Browning. In 1869 he married Ann E. Calhoon, who was born in Linn County, in 1853. To this union three children have been born: Pamela I., Ida E., and Josiah A. Mrs. Johnson is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, as was also her mother-in-law. Since his resi- dence in Missouri Mr. Johnson has taught school eight terms, but has been chiefly engaged in farming and stock raising. He is a well-to-do citizen, owning 320 acres of good land, and in the line of horses has one of the best two-year-old one-half Norman and one-half Morgan colts in the county. W. H. Johnson, a farmer of Penn Township, was born in Eipley County, Ind., in 1847, and is a son of James R. and Mary A. (Robertson) Johnson. The father was of English origin, born in Christian County, Va., in 1816, and was a son of William R. Johnson, a native of Virginia, and a volunteer in the War of 1812. He came to Indiana during its early history, and in 1856 removed to Sullivan County, where he died in 1870. StJLLIVAN COUNTY. 829 James R. was married in Indiana in 1834, and settled in Ripley County, where he remained until 1858, when he removed to Sullivan County, and located two miles south of Greencastle. He has always been engaged in farming. The mother was born in Bourbon County, Ky., in 1820. She is still living and a member of the United Brethren Church. Our subject was reared at home, and received but a common country school education. At the youthful age of sixteen he offered- his services in defense of the stars and stripes, and in 1863, enlisted in Company L,' Twelfth Missouri Cavalry, and operated in Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia, and in the battles of Franklin afid Nashville. He served in the Sixteenth Army Corps until 1864, when the cavalry was consolidated under Gen. Wilson, witjji whom he remained until the close of the war, when he accompanied Col. Cole's Northwestern Indian expedition, remaining in service until the spring of 1866. Then, after having served his country actively for about three years, he was discharged from service, and returned home, and resumed his duties upon the farm. In 1868 he was married to Miss Charlotte, daughter of Isaac and Dorethy Turner, formerly of Kentucky. Mrs. Johnson is a native of Adair County, Mo., and to her and our subject six childi-en have been born, viz.: Charles E., Melvina, Ralph W., Adlisa, Minnie and Alice. Our subject has since been a resident of Penn Town- ship, where he has a fine farm of 260 acres two miles south of Greencastle, making him one of the substantial and prosperous farmers of Sullivan County. For about five years he was quite extensively engaged in furnishing the railroad timber, etc. He was reared a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1864. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the A. O. U. W., Select Knights and G. A. R. Milas Johnson, farmer, is a son of Elenton and Sarah (Mc- Kune) Johnson. The father was born in Kentucky in 1824, and the mother in Pennsylvania in 1821. The latter moved to Henry County, Iowa, in 1844, and there was married to Mr. Johnson. They resided there until 1854, when they came to Daviess County, Mo., where they lived a year. In 1855 they came to Sullivan County, where Mr. Johnson entered land, and spent the rest of his life farming, very successfully. In politics he was very con- servative, and always voted for the man he considered most worthy without regard to his party afiiliations. His death occurred in 1886. Of a family of three sons and five daughters the subject of this sketch was the youngest. His birth occurred in Sullivan County in 1856. He was educated at the common schools of the county, and lived at home with his parents. Since the death of his father he has devoted his attention to his mother 830 BlOGfeAPHIOAL AtjPfiNDlX. and sister. One sister, Mary A., is the wife of George Baker, a farmer of the neighborliood, and a stanch Democrat. Another is the wife of Abner Page, a farmer of Pleasant Hill Township. The Johnson family have been residents of this county for more than thirty-two years, and are among its most respected and worthy settlers. Augustine Jones was born in 1841, in Sullivan County, Mo., which at that time was Linn County. His father. Col. Gabriel Jones, -^as born in Patrick County, Va., in 1804, and was of En- glish descent. In 1831 he immigrated to Monroe County, Mo., and in 1840 came to Sullivan County, entering 320 acres of land in Liberty Township, upon which he located and passed the greater portion of his life. ,He became the owner of 600 acres of land, but in 1873 gave up housekeeping, and lived with his children until his death, in Milan, in 1883. He was one of the pioneer and influential citizens of the county, and served as county com- missioner about two years. At the time he located in Sullivan County the entire surrounding country was a vast, unbroken prai- rie, with but few white settlers. His wife, Susan (Thomas) Jones, was of English descent, born in Patrick County, Va., in 1813, and died in 1866. She was the mother of seven children, of whom four are living: i^ugustine, Charles (sheriff of Sullivan County), Mary F. (wife of Eev. James K. S. Todd, of Gault) and Sarah E. (wife of E. Ash, president of the National Bank of Milan). Augustine is the eldest living child, and lived with his parents until twenty- seven years of age, receiving a district- school education during his youth. In J aly, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Eighteenth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and after six months' service was discharged at home on account of disability. After a sickness of four years he was married, in January, 1869, to Miss Eacliel T. Haley, daughter of Charles Haley, who located in Sulli- van County in 1841. Mrs. Jones is a native of Sullivan County, and was born in 1841. By her five children have been born: Gabriel, Charles H., William T., Susan and Wade Hampton. In 1869 Mr. Jones located where he now resides. At present he is the owner of 1,810 acres of land, making him the largest land holder in Bowman Township, and one of the largest in the county. One hundred and seventy acres of this land were inherited, from his father, and 670 acres were brought him by his wife ; but the re- mainder is the result of a life of economy, attention to business and good management. He is largely interested in stock dealing, and keeps on an average 175 head of stock per annum. His farm is well improved, and upon it stands the dwelling he occupies, which was built in 1888, at a cost of $1,200. He is a Democrat, but cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1864. His wife is a member of the Christian Church, and he is a Eoyal Arch Mason. SULLIVAN COUNTY. 831 William Noah Keener, M. D., was born in Appanoose County, Iowa, September 24, 1860, and is a son of George W. and Dorcas A. (Langford) Keener, natives of Tennessee. About 1853 the family moved from Tennessee to Iowa, where Mr. Keener bought and improved land. In 1866 he moved to Mercer County, Mo., where he now resides. The subject of this sketch spent his youth and grew to manhood in Mercer County, Mo. He received a good education at the common schools in the neighborhood, which was supplemented with a few terms at the Ravanna select school. He taught a few terms in the common^schools, and in the summer of 1881 commenced the study of medicine at Ravanna under the tutelage of Dr. J. L. Shipley, one of the best physicians of the county. He then attended a course of lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, in the winter of 1883-84, and the following winter attended another course. He graduated from that institution in the spring of 1885, and then began to practice in the community where he now resides. He is now a member of the Mercer County Medical Association, and is one of the most popular and successful physicians in the vicinity in which he lives. February 7, 1886, he married Miss Flora V., daughter of Madison S. and Nannie M. (Thompson) Higgins. Mrs. Keener is a native of Sullivan County, and a member of the Protestant Methodist Church. John Kenley is a son of Hiram and Patsey (Gray) Kenley, natives of Kentucky, where they grew to maturity, and passed their lives. The mother was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and died in 1885. The father was a well-to-do farmer, and a Democrat in politics. He met his death at Perryville, Ky., accidentally. He was standing a short distance from two men who were engaged in a heated altercation. One of them fired a pistol with the intention of killing his antagonist, but the ball missed its mark, and passed through the heart of Mr. Kenley, killing him instantly. Mr. Kenley was twice married, his second wife being Mrs. Nancy Gray. John Kenley was the second of a fam- ily of three sons and three daughters. He was born in Boyle County, Ky., January 5, 1826, and reared upon his father's farm. Being the eldest son whose services were required in the field, his educational opportunities were very limited. At the age of sixteen he began life upon his own responsibility as a farmer. In 1843 he married Margaret Harmon, who was born in Boyle County, Ky., in 1822, and is a daughter of Jacob Harmon. To this union one child — Elizabeth, wife of William Bingham — was born. In 1845 the family moved to Sullivan County, Mo., located in the wilderness, and began to clear and improve land. Mr. Kenley, at the time of his location in Missouri, had but ' 832 BiOGRAPHiCAL APPENDIX. and two horses, wliich property lie loaned and lost. He ia of an energetic and industrious disposition, and by labor and economy is now a successful farmer, and the owner of 400 acres of good land. He sustained no injury during the war but loss of prop- erty, although at that period he suffered many hardships. He has been a resident of Sullivan County over forty-two years, and is, consequently, much interested in the social and intellectual advancement of the country. He is a stanch Democrat, and a member of the I. O. O. F. George H. Kent was born in Greene County, Penn., in 1840, and is a son of William and Mary (Hoge) Kent, the former of Irish and the latter of Irish-Scotch descent. The father was born in Pennsylvania, in 1810, married in 1834, and in 1844 immigrated to Chillicothe, Mo. Two years later he came to Sullivan County, locating in Section 10, of Bowman Township, where he has passed the remainder of his life. He was one of the pioneer settlers of the county, a farmer by occupation, and the owner of 240 acres of land. His death occurred in 1882^ Mrs. Kent was born in 1818, and is now living upon the old home place. She bore her husband ten children, all of whom are living: Susan (widow of Silas Haley), Rachel (wife of E. McNabb), George H., Winfield S., Jane (wife of Martin Scovil), Uriah M., Millard, William T., Mary (wife of James Jackson), and David L. George H., the subject of this sketch, was eight years old when brought to Sullivan County, and until the age of twenty-two lived with his parents. April 11, 1861, he married Miss Mary Jackson, who was born in Kentucky, in 1844. To this union four children have been born: William E,., Mary E. (wife of William Whan), Charles T. and Jennie. During the war he served his country in the State Militia, and upon his return home resumed his duties in the shop. The year of his marriage he began to work at the blacksmith's trade, at which he is still engaged, in connection with which he owns a general repair shop, and also manufactures wagons and buggies, turning out about twenty per annum. His two sons assist him in the business, being good workmen, and, like their father, honest in their deal- ings. In 1863 Mr. Kent located upon his present place, which consists of 107 acres of land. He is a member of the Christian Church, and Mrs. Kent of the Baptist Church. William T. Kent, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Sulli- van County, Mo., in 1855, and is a son of William and Mary (Hoge) Kent [see sketch of G. H. KentJ. William T. was educated at the district schools of the neighborhood, and remained under the parental roof until nearly of age. In March, 1875, he traveled westward as far as Nevada, and remained in that and SULLlVAif CO01*TY. 833 other western Territories and States about three years, working in a furnace smelting silver and lead ore. He returned to his birthplace in 1878, where, Noyember 30, 1879, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret P. Jaynes, who was born in Grundy County, Mo., in 1861, and is a daughter of Norman H. and Esther (Simpson) Jaynes. This union has thus far been blessed with three children: Uriah W., Mary Esther and Eva Jane. Mr. Kent resides upon the old home place, which consists of 240 acres of good land, which he well cares for. He enjoys a good reputa- tion, is honest in his convictions, and one of the enterprising young farmers of the township. In politics he is a Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Hayes in 1876. William T. Kent, a farmer and stock raiser of Penn Town- ship, was born in Greene County, Penn., in 1859, and is the Sec- ond of ten children of Harrison and Elizabeth J. (Philips) Kent, also natives of the same county, and born in 1830 and 1837, respectively. They were married in the same county in 1856, and in 1865 removed to Sullivan County, and located in Penn Township, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Kent was of Dutch origin, and a son of William Kent, who is now living in Greene County, Penn. Harrison spent his life farming, and died in 1882. His wife died two years previous. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject was reared at home, and educated in the common country schools. In 1882 he married Miss Mary Olive, daughter of Will- iam T. and Elizabeth Bailey, a native of Knox County, by whom he has had two children: Minnie Emma and Glenie Ernest. Mr. Bailey was born in Indiana, in 1844, and married Elizabeth C. Marlin, A-pril 11, 1863, in Knox County, she being a native of Fayette County, Penn., born in 1845 and died in 1872. Mr. Kent soon located on the old farm, two and a half miles south- west of Green City, which consists of 204 acres. He is a Republican, and the first President he voted for was James A. Garfield. He and his wife are Christians, of the Holiness order. James M. Kinnett is a native of Brown County, Ohio, a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Morrow) Kinnett, and was born in 1829. His father was of Irish descent, and born in Biown County, Ohio, where he passed his entire life as a farmer. One term he served as sheriff of his county. The mother was of Scotch descent, and born in Johnson County, Ohio. After the death of Mr. Kinnett she became the wife of John McFadden, who moved to Johnson County, Ind., in 1852, where botli died. To each of Mrs. McFadden's marriages four children were born, the subject of this sketch being the third child of the first marriage. He was but two years old at the death of his father, and continued to live 834 BIOGBAtHtCAL AttENDlX. with his mother until twenty-four years of age. When nineteen he went to Johnson County, Ind., where he married Sarah Ann Musselman, a native of that county, by whom he had four chil- dren: John H. (who married Artimitia Compon), Sarah E. (wife of James Leslie), James Thomas (who first married Clara Sloan, and after her death, in 1884, married Lydia Peck, in 1886), Ber- tha (wife of Luther Summers) and Daniel V. In 1865 Mr. Kin- nett came to SuUivau County, Mo., and located in Polk Township, where he now resides. He lost his first wife in 1884, and in September, of 1886, wedded Elizabeth Allen, nee Milburn, daughter of Thomas Milburn. This lady was born in Jackson County, W. Va., in 1834. To her first marriage the following children were born: Thomas A. (who married Miss Lucinda Schate), William E., Arizona K. (wife of Thomas Mason), Hosea B., Victoria J. (wife of Nathan W. Sells) and Ida F. (wife of Robert MofPet). Mr .Kinnett is the owner of 286 acres of desira- bly located and well-improved land, and ranks among the hon- ored and substantial farmers of the county. He is a Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Franklin Pierce, in 1852. While in Johnson County, Ind., he served one year as sheriff and six years as constable. Charles C. Knapp was born in Berrien County, Mich., July 6, 1860. His father, John W. Knapp was born in New York State, aiid came west, when a child, with his parents, settling in St. Joseph County, Mich. He was married, in Berrien County, to Miss M. McKee, a native of New York State, and afterward engaged in farming in that county. Charles C. Knapp was reared in his native county, receiving a good common-school esducation. He was married in Berrien County, October 18, 1882, to Miss Myra A. Spencer, a native of the same county. Before her marriage she was a teacher. Two years later Mr. and Mrs. Knapp came west, and in 1885 located in Sullivan County, Mo. In March, 1886, Mr. Knapp moved upon the farm he now owns, which contains 160 acres of good land, well fenced and improved. He lives in a two-story residence, and owns good barns and outbuildings. He is engaged in handling thorough- bred Percheron horses and fine stock. He now owns for breeding purposes a four-year-old Percheron horse, imported in 1884 by W. W. Dunham, of Wayne, 111. This horse is a beautiful dap- ple gray of symmetrical form, and weighs about 1,600 pounds. He also has a half-blood Percheron and Morgan horse, four years old, weighing 1,300 pounds. Mr. and Mrs. Knapp are worthy citizens and members of the Presbyterian Church. They have but one child — Lucia E., two years of age, having lost Frankie M. in August, 1885, who was but two years old. StJLLIVAN COtJlSfTY. 835 James P. Knifong was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1845, and is a son of John J. and Anna (Lambert) Knifong, natives of Russell County, Va., and born in 1805 and 1810, respectively. After their marriage they lived in Virginia for some time, and then came to Sullivan County, Mo., with almost nothing. By hard work and energy, however, he became the owner of 600 acres of land, and was known as one of the substantial farmers of the county. For some time he held the office of county judge, and also served as magistrate many years. Both himself and wife were Methodists. He died in 18G4, and his wife in 1882. James P. was the eldest son of a family of ten children, and spent his younger days upon his father's farm. Adam B. Law, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Harrison County, Va., March 12, 1830. His father, William Law, was a native of the same county and State, and his mother, Susan (Baird) Law, was born in Pennsylvania, and reared in Virginia. The former died in Virginia in 1881 but the latter still resides in that State. Our subject was reared in the Old Dominion, and married in Harrison County, December 9, 1853, Miss Julia Tharp, a native of Virginia, and born in Lewis County. The following year Mr. Law removed to Iowa, and settled in Monroe County, where he improved a farm upon which he resided until 1864, when he sold out, and sought a new home in Sullivan County, Mo. In the fall of that year he purchased 200 acres of the farm upon which he now resides, which he immediately proceeded to improve and to which he has since added until he now possesses 600 acres of good land, mostly prairie, all fenced, about 400 acres of which are under a fine state of cultivation. He also owns a comfortable, good, one-and-a-half story and cellar residence, with a good barn, and surrounded by a fine orchard. Mr. Law served nine months during the late war, in the Thirteenth Iowa Volun- teer Infantry, and was in the reserve forces at the last battle of Nashville. After receiving his discharge he returned home August 2, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Law are the parents of the fol- lowing five children: W. Marion, of Kansas; Adeline, wife of Wallace Pratt, of Sullivan County; Marshall, married, and the head of a family, and present township clerk and assessor ; Susan, wife of Charles Smart, of Sullivan County, and Iowa V. Mr. and Mrs. Law are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the former is a member of the J. L. Clark Post, No. 47, G. A. R., Green City. He is a Republican, and twice voted for Lincoln, but was a Whig during the days of that party. While in Iowa Mr. and Mrs. Law lost one infant and two children dur- ing their childhood. Our subject and his son now o^vn some Shorthorn thoroughbred cattle, and are improving the quality of 836 BioGftAtaicAL appenwx. the remainder of their stock. Mr. Law is a pleasant, hospitable and sociable gentleman, and one of the substantial farmers of this region. Edward M. 0. Ledford was born in Sullivan County, Tenn., September 1, 1837. His father, Elbert B. Ledford, was born in Georgia, and when a young man went to Tennessee, where he married Polly A. Morelock, a native of Tennessee. They moved to Sullivan County, Mo., in 1844, but, after a few years' residence here, moved across the line into Adair County, where Mr. Ledford entered land, improved a farm, reared his family and still resides. He is now seventy-six years old, and lost his wife September 3, 1882. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Adair County, receiving a good education at the common schools and the Milan High School. After completing his studies he taught in Sullivan and Adair Counties a few terms, and then engaged in farming. He was married in Adair County, September 11, 1857, to Miss Sarah E. Childress, a native of Indiana. Mrs. Ledford was reared in Illinois, and died November 3, 1875. After his marriage Mr. Ledford located upon a farm in Buchanan Town- ship, where he farmed a number of years. He then located in Pollock, and, after working at the blacksmith's trade about a year, was engaged as section superintendent by the Chicago, Burling- ton & Quincy Railroad. March 31, 1879, he was married, in Sullivan County, to Mrs. Seney Meyers, daughter of Jacob Bom- gardner. After this marriage Mr. Ledford engaged in farming in the same section where he now lives. He is the owner of 280 acres of land in one tract, 140 of which are cultivated. He has a comfortable one-and-a-half story house, with ordinary stables and outbuildings. August 4, 1864, Mr. Ledford enlisted in Company B, Thirty-ninth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served until May 18, 1865. For three months he was an inmate of the Marine Hospital, at St. Louis. Mr. Led worth served two terms as justice of the peace in Jackson Township, previous to 1884, when he was again elected to that office, and served a year. He is a Democrat, and has held several offices of honor and trust. Mr. Ledford reared a family of six children by his first marriage, viz. : Mary J. (wife of Henry E. Smith), John E., Clara (wife of D. M. Bomgardner), Polly C. (wife of J. A. Trentham), Elizabeth and Delia. To his last marriage one child, William E., a boy now three years old, has been born. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ledford are members of the Christian Union Church, and the former is a member of the G. A. E. and Masonic lodges at Pollock. Benedict J. Lee was born in Marion County, Ky., in 1832, and is a son of James and Sarah (Hayden) Lee, natives of Ken- tucky, and born in 1803. The parents were married in Marion SULLIVAN COUNTY. 837 County, Ky., and in 1832 immigrated to Howard County, Mo. Three years later they went to Linn County, and in 1836 came to Sullivan County, Mo. Mr. Lee bought a farm in Polk Township, where he died in 1876. He was one of the first settlers in what is now Sullivan County, and at one time owned over 1,400 acres of land. He was twice married, his second wife being Miss Lucinda Cunningham, nee Stephens. His first wife died in 1859, and was the mother of eight children: John B., Samuel (deceased), James A. (died February 2, 1852, aged twenty-one years, one month and one day), Benedict J., Melinda J. (wife of "William Frazier), Sarah A. (widow of John Frazier), Mary (wife of Ben Frazier), and Henry C. (died September 27, 1853, aged nine years, eight months and seven days). Benedict J. was only four years old when brought to Sullivan County, and he continued to live with his parents until he was twenty-two years . of age, working upon the farm. In 1859 he married Miss Mary L. Rhodes, daughter of Lewis N. Rhodes. Mrs. Lee was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1842, and came to Sullivan County when thirteen years of age. To this union eleven children were born: James W., Martha J. (wife of Daniel W. Nichols), Sarah Eliza- beth (wife of Robert Glidwell), Nance E. (wife of Martin M. Harris), Lewis N., Cora (died September 26, 1872, aged one year, seven months and five days), Samuel H. (born March 10, 1875, died October 19, 1875), Mary A., John B., Thomas H. and Frank B. After his marriage he located upon the old home place, where he has since resided. He is a well-to-do and pros- perous farmer citizen, and the owner of 329 acres of good land. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for James Buchanan in 1856. During the late war he served in the Mis- souri State Militia a short time. Mr. Lee now lives in a hand- some dwelling, erected in 1883 at a cost of $900. A. R. Linhart is the fourth child of a family of eight sons and four daughters born to Adam and Elizabeth (Brown) Lin- hart. His parents were reared and married in Pennsylvania, living in that State until about 1853, when they moved to Linn County, Mo., where they have since made their home. Both are Presbyterians, and by occupation the father was a farmer. A. R. Linhart was born in Litohburg, Penn., in 1834. He attended school during his boyhood until thirteen years old. He lived at home until nineteen, and then borrowed $15 of his father, prom- ising to repay him as soon as he was able. With this money he started west, and the first month of his absence returned his father the amount borrowed. By working for $15 per month he accumulated enough money to buy seventy-one acres of land, in Sullivan County, Mo. He is now a moderately well-to-do 838 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. farmer, and owns a nice little farm of eighty acres, which is well managed and cared for. In 1864 he joined Company F, under Capt. Shook, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, United States army, serving in same until the close of the war. After hostili- ties had ceased he returned to his farm, and, in 1866, married Princess Dell, of Sullivan County. To this union four children have been born : Viola, John, Veda E. and Herman. The last two named are dead. Mrs. Linhart died in 1874, and the follow- ing year Mr. Linhart married Margaret Smith, a native of Penn- sylvania, by whom one child has been born, Oscar A. Mrs. Lin- hart is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was also Ml'. Linhart's first wife. Mr. Linhart is a Democrat, and during his thirty-four years' residence in this county has become one of its most respected citizens, being a man of integrity and industry. Corey B. Long was born in Edgar County, 111., in January, 1861, and is a son of John and Mary (Clark) Long. The father was born in Ohio, and while a youth went to Edgar County, 111. After becoming of age he embarked upon the mercantile sea at Bloomfield, and engaged in business successfully up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1863, at Bloomfield, 111. The mother was born in Vigo County, Ind., in 1836, and died in 1873. She was the mother of two children, Corey B. being the only one now living. He was but two years old when his father died, and twelve at the time of his mother's decease, and from that tender age was deprived of a father's guidance and care, and a mother's sympathy and love. He went to live with his uncle, Charles Clark, who was his legal guardian, and proved to be a kind and wise adviser. He was educated at the public schools of Terre Haute, Ind., and the State Normal at Kirksville, Mo., having come to the latter State in 1876. He lived alternately in Missouri and Illinois for several years, and then, in 1878, pur- chased- 160 acres of land in Polk Township, Sullivan Co., Mo. In the spring of 1882 he married Miss Ada Troxell, daughter of Irvin Troxell. Mrs. Long was born in Eockford, 111., in October, 1861, and to her union with Mr. Long one child, Marie, has been born. Mr. Long is an enterprising citizen and good neighbor, and has won the honor and esteem of the community. He owns a fine farm of 480 acres, with good buildings, fences, etc., and, in connection with farming, is extensively engaged in raising and feeding sheep, of which he owns 1,000 head. He also has thirty head of horses and cattle. In politics he is a stanch Republican. Judge Thomas McCallister was born in Mason County, W. Va., May 21, 1825. His father, William McCallister, was born SULLIVAN COUNTY. 839 in Kentucky in 1788, but moved to Virginia in childhood, where he was reared and married. His wife. Bell ana Frazier, was a native of Virginia. Mr. McCallister held a commission in the War of 1812, and held several local offices in his county, of trust and profit. The family removed to Indiana in the fall of 1835, and settled in Madison County. There the father died in Febru- ary, 1864, having lived upon the same farm twenty-nine years. Our subject grew to manhood in Madison County, and received a good common-school education. He was there married in 1849 to Miss Mary J. Poindexter, a native of West Virginia, and daughter of Josephus Poindexter. This lady died in May, 1882. After his marriage Thomas farmed in Madison County until 1856, and then removed to Sullivan County, Mo., buying a place slightly improved, upon which he still resides. He now owns 850 acres of land, 300 in the home place, all fenced, and nearly all improved, and also owns fifty acres of timber land in another tract. He lives in a good, new house, and is one of the success- ful and prosperous farmer citizens of the county. In July, 1861, he enlisted in the Twenty-third Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served his county until discharged at Atlanta, Ga., in September, 1864. He enlisted as a private, but before his discharge had been promoted to otderly sergeant. At the battle of Pittsburg Landing he was taken prisoner, and held about six and one-half months, six weeks being spent at Montgomery, Ala., and the bal- ance of the time at Macon, Ga. He was paroled from there, and taken to the hospital at Portsmouth Grove, R. I., where he remained until the spring of 1863. The same year he joined his regiment at Gasconade, Mo., and then served in Missouri, chas- ing "bushwhackers," etc., until the spring of 1864, when he joined Sherman on his march to the sea. July 27, 1864, he was wounded in the right shoulder, and taken to the hospital where he remained until September, when he went to Atlanta. After being mustered out at that place he returned home. Previous to the war the Judge was a Democrat, but since that time has been identified with the Republican party. His first public office was that of township collector, which he filled two terms. The office of justice of the peace he has also filled two terms. In the fall of 1878 he was nominated and elected county judge, the duties of which office he faithfully discharged one term. In March, 1885, he was united in marriage to Margaret Mairs, a native of Virginia, and daughter of Dr. Joseph Mairs, formerly of Vir- ginia. The Judge has reared a family of six children : Josephus, married and living with his family in Sullivan County ; William, who died in 1883, aged twenty-six, leaving a family; Thomas O., a young man at home; Madlum, wife of S. S. Milledge, of Oar- 840 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. rollton, 111. ; Lois, wife of J. L. Taylor, of Sedan, Kas. ; and Sid- ney A., wife of W. M. Keger. Judge and Mrs. McCallister are members of the Methodist Church. Hedgeman T. McClanahan was born in Braxton County, W. Va., September 28, 1828, and is a son of William S. and Eliza- beth (Triplett) McClanahan. The grandfather of William S., William McClanahan, was a native of Ireland, and, with a brother, came to America previous to the Eevolutionary War, and located in Fauquier County, Va. The grandfather of our immediate subject, Thomas, was a soldier in the Kevolutionary War five years, and at an early date moved to Bourbon County, Ky., and it was there that William S. was born, in 1800. In 1822 he went to Virginia, and the following year married Miss Elizabeth Triplett, who was born in StafPord County in 1800. In 1836 they immigrated to Boone County, Ky., and located near Colum- bia, where the father engaged in farming and teaching. In 1848 they moved to Linn County, Mo., and in 1853 Mr. McClanahan was appointed county surveyor by Gov. Sterling Price, and in 1856 was elected to that office. In 1862 he was elected county court clerk, and in 1864 re-elected. During the years 1872 and 1873 he was mayor of the city of Linneus. During his official career he established a worthy reputation for efficiency, and his death, which occurred March 29, 1884, was mourned by a large host of friends. He had been a prominent member of the Masonic frater- nity since 1852, and also belonged to the Baptist Church. Mrs. McClanahan died in 1867. She was the mother of eight children, of whom our subject is the third. He was educated in Boone County, Mo., and made his home with his parents until eighteen years of age, when he went to Bourbon County, Ky. June 2, 1849, he married Miss Mary HoUoway, who was born in Bourbon County in 1828, and this union has been blessed with seven chil- dren: Charles, William, Samuel W., Eobert H., John, Helen (widow of Samuel Harvey) and Susan (wife of E. B. Crocker). In 1850 Mr. McClanahan went to Linn County, Mo., and located at Linneus, but at the expiration of three years returned to Sulli- van County, of which he has since been a resident. He engaged in mercantile business until 1858, and then became interested in farming. During that year he was elected clerk of the county court, and served six years with great efficiency. In 1864 he' was elected clerk of the circuit court and recorder, serving two years. In 1874 he was again elected clerk of the circuit court, and on account of his able and efficient service has since been elected three times. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Scott in 1852. Previous to the war he belonged to the Whig party. He is a Master Mason of Seaman Lodge, No. 126, at Milan. & SULLIVAN COUNTY. 841 William McClanahan, an enterprising business man of Milan, was born in Linn County, Mo., in 1849, and is a son of H. T. McClanahan. When a child he was brought by his parents to Milan, and was sent to school. He was not fond of study, and the promise of his youth was not of an encouraging character. At the age of nineteen, however, he went to Linneus, Linn County, and accepted a position as clerk in a mercantile estab- lishment at $20 per month, boarding himself. His services soon proved so valuable that his wages were finally increased until he received $100 per month, and in addition he was given a $20 old piece, in acknowledgment of his faithful work. This Mr. McClanahan still retains as a souvenir. For two years and a half he engaged in merchandising in Linneus, and then, in 1877, returned to Milan, clerking and conducting a furni- ture store of his own for some time. For a number of years he bought good notes, but of recent years has been dealing in stock and land, and by good management and foresight has accumu- lated a handsome competencyj owning property in Milan and the surrounding country. He is a genial gentleman, fond of hunt- ing, etc., although he does not allow pleasure to interfere with business. In 1880 he married MoUie Murto, a native of Illinois, by whom he has had four children: William and Maggie (twins), James and Bessie. Mr. McClanahan is a Democrat and a member of the Masonic' fraternity and the A. O. U. W., serving as secretary of his lodge in both societies. James McClaskey is a native of Washington County, Ind., and was born in 1821. The father, John, was born in Pennsyl- vania in 1796, and at the age of sixteen began to learn the black- smith's trade. While he was but a small lad, his father moved to Nelson County, Ky., where he died. A few years later John moved with his mother to Washington County, Ind., where he was married. About 1825 he moved to Crawford County, and in 1836 to Carroll County. In 1841 he moved to Callaway County, Mo., and in 1843^ came to Sullivan County, Mo. In 1850 he went to the Indian agency in Kansas, and about 1855 retiirned to Missouri, and located iii Andrew County, where he passed the remainder of his life; he died in 1866. He was a soldier in the Black Hawk War of 1832. He was justice of the peace a few years in Sullivan County, Mo. The mother, Eliza- beth (Arbuckle) McClaskey, was born in Pennsylvania in 1796, and was of Irish descent; her death occurred in 1865. The sub- ject of this sketch was the eldest of eleven children, only two of whom are living. James received but a limited education, not attending school more than three months during his entire life. When twenty-one years of age he caijie tg Sullivan County, 842 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. where he has since resided. July 14, 1849, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel Shatto. Mrs. McOlaskey was born in Ohio in 1823, and is the mother of eight children: Willard H., Catherine (wife of John Caldwell), John, Elizabeth (wife of A. S. May), Daniel, Robert, William J. and Mary J. After starting out in life for himself, our subject worked at various kinds of labor and employment for several years. About 1856 he bought 125 acres of land in Section 5, Township 62, Eange 20, where he has since resided. He has increased his possessions to 200 acres of land, and is one of the well-to-do farmers of the county. He is one of the pioneer settlers of the same, having located here when the country was a vast wilderness, and is one of the most esteemed citizens of the community in which he lives. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for James K. Polk in 1844. During the late war he served in the State Militia. In 1883 he was appointed public administrator of Sullivan County by Gov. Crittenden, and was elected to the same office in 1884 for a term of four years. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., and himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Perry McCollum was born in Clay County, Ky., in 1835, and is the fourth of a family of seven children of Daniel and Lydia (Johnson) McCollum. The parents were both natives of Ken- tucky, and born in 1806 and 1808, respectively. The father was an extensive and successful farmer, and, in connection with agricultural pursuits, engaged in flatboat building. He was a Whig, and a man of considerable political influence in his county. He once ran as representative of his county, but, through the per- fidy of a trusted friend, was beaten by twenty-nine votes. Both himself and wife are worthy members of the Baptist Church. Their entire lives were spent in their native State, where they died in 1880 and 1884, respectively. Perry McCollum passed his youth upon .his father's farm, receiving but a limited educa- tion, as he did not attend school more than two years in all. At the age of twenty he went to Linn County, Mo., and there mar- ried Margaret McCollum, a native of that county, and born in 1841. By her he has had ten children: Nannie, Martha, Rachel, Albert, Minnie, Curtis, Nellie, Herman, Floyd and Beverly. Both himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1864 they moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where they have since resided. In politics Mr. McCollum is a Demo- crat, and when the first call for soldiers was given during the late war he enlisted in Company I, Missouri Volunteers, of which he was elected sergeant. After one month's service he was obliged to return honie on account of poor health, an^ although SULLIVAN COUNTY. 843 he afterward tried to re-enter the army several times, he was always rejected. When coming to Missouri he purchased 160 acres of land, giving all the money he had in payment for it. In order to make more money he began to work at the black- smith's trade in which he became very proficient. He has since added more land to his original purchase, and is now the owner of 731 acres of good land, and in connection with his farming has for the past ten years been engaged in making ax handles of an excellent quality, sometimes making as many as twenty-five in one day. He is a Master Mason, and one of the enterprising citizens of the township. Sharon McCullough, in whose honor McCuUough's Station (now Cora Station) was named, is a son of John and Elizabeth (Bell) McCullough, and was born in New Orleans, August 16, 1833. When three years old he was brought by his parents to Boonville, Mo. In 1840 he came to Sullivan County, before the same was laid out, and is, therefore, one of the oldest pioneer citizens of the county. He received a limited education at the log school-house in the neighborhood, and made his home with his parents until their death. During the early part of the war he ran a herd of mules into Iowa for safe keeping from the invasion of the Confederate army, until the Government should need them. Since that time he has been engaged in farming and stock raising, and now owns 560 acres of good land, well stocked and improved. He is a successful man, of good busi- ness ability, and is well known as a man of integrity and high character. He is a public-spirited citizen, and a liberal con- tributor to all educational and laudable enterprises. He was reared by a Republican father, and has adhered to that party all his life, although he has never aspired to or held office. Mr. McCullough has never married. Warren McCullough was born in Boonville, Mo., January 30, 1839, and is a son of Maj. John and Elizabeth (Bell) McCul- lough. The father was of Irish descent, and born in Pennsyl- vania in 1809. He worked at the carpenter's trade during his early life, but later engaged in farming. He was married in Pittsburgh, Penn., and in 1836 immigrated to Cooper County, Mo., and located at Boonville. In 1840 he moved to Sullivan County, Mo., and became the owner of more than 3,000 acres of land in Pleasant Hill Township. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted in Company A, Twenty-third Regiment, Missouri Vol- unteer Infantry, being elected and commissioned major of the same. He commanded the regiment until the fall of 1863, when he was taken sick, and died at Raleigh, Mo. He was captured and taken prisoner at the battle of Shilob, and retained at Chat- 844 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. tanooga, Tenn., and Macon, Ga., for six months. In the fall of 1862 he -was elected State senator, and occupied that position at the time of his death. By his death the county lost one of its most influential and respected citizens. The mother was of Scotch descent, and born at Pittsburgh, in 1810. She was the mother of nine children, of whom our subject was the fifth, and died in 1886. Warren was educated in the common schools at Milan. He accompanied his parents to Sullivan County when a year old, and lived with them until he became twenty -four years of age, working upon his father's farm and in his saw-mill. During the war he was a member of the State Militia, serving as first lieutenant of Company I, and afterward as captain of Com- pany B. He was present but not a participant at the battle of Shiloh. July 2, 1865, he married Miss Josephine, daughter of Dr. Joel DeWitt. Mrs. McCuUough was born in Sullivan County in 1849. To this union eight children were born: John J. (deceased), Blfie (wife of I. S. Bolt), Annie E., Bertha, Elmo (deceased). Gird, Pearl and Goldie. In 1864 Mr. McCuUough was elected sheriff of Sullivan County, serving as such four years. In 1869 he located on a farm in Duncan Township, where he re- mained until his return to Milan in 1880. In 1876 he was one of three to form a private bank at Milan, which did business until 1884, when it was reorganized and became a First National Bank. In 1876, he in connection with H. T. Knight, engaged in the lumber business under the firm name of Knight & McCul- lough, and in 1877 they bought a one-half interest in the hard- ware firm of Birnbaum & Hart; Mr. Birnbaum retiring, the busi- ness was thereafter conducted under the firm name of J. S. Hart & Co., and in 1880 they erected a large two-story brick building, at a cost of $6,500. In the spring of 1881 Mr. Knight sold his interest, and for six years the firm was known as Hart & McCul- lough, but from July, 1886, to the present, Mr. McCuUough has been doing business upon his own responsibility. He carries a large stock of hardware, tinware, stoves, etc., valued at about $8,000, and is one of the successful business men of the town. He also owns 1,500 acres of land, a fine dwelling in Milan, and two business blocks. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Bell in 1860. He is a member of the Masonic Order of the Knights Templar degree. J. C. McCoy is a native of Schoharie County, N. Y., and was born February 28, 1854. The father, Archibald, was born in Ireland in 1811, and was a farmer by occupation. During his youth he immigrated with two brothers to the United States, and located in the State of New York, where he passed the f^mainder of his life, his 4ea,th occurring in 1861.. B[e wa,s SULLIVAN COUNTY. 845 twice married, his first wife having been a Miss Chapman. His second wife, and the mother of our subject, was Miss Caroline Sternburg, a lady of Holland -Dutch descent, and born in the State of New York about 1820. She died in 1886 in the same State. J. C. McCoy was the fourth child of a family of six, and was but seven years old at the death of his father. He after- ward lived two years with Simeon Shaul, and five with Samuel Tillotson, at the end of which time he started out in life for him- self. He worked as a laborer until 1871, and in August of that year went to Burlington, Iowa, but soon after went to Van Buren County, Iowa, where he engaged in teaching, for which he had prepared himself in the district schools, and at the Hun- gerford Collegiate Institute, in Adams, Jefferson Co., N. T. In the winter of 1872-73 he taught school a term in Scotland County, Mo., and the following summer attended the above named college. During the winter of 1875-76 he taught in New York State. In the spring of 1876 he went to Sandusky, Ohio, and attended the commercial college from which he grad- uated in bookkeeping and telegraphing. In October of that year he came to Milan, where he was employed in the railroad office of the Burlington & Southwestern Railroad, now the Chicago Burlington & Kansas City Railroad, as ticket agent, telegraph operator, freight and express agent. In February, 1879, Mr. McCoy was elected assistant cashier of the private bank of Hatfield, Knight & McCuUough, in Milan. In Feb- ruary, 1884, when the First National Bank of Milan was organ- ized, Mr. McCoy was elected cashier, which office he is now fill- ing. In October he married Miss Mollie freston, daughter of George W. A. Preston. Mrs. McCoy was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1864, and is the mother of two children: Willie and Anna. Mrs. McCoy is a worthy member of the Catholic Church. Mr. McCoy is a Knight Templar, and a member of the A. O. U. W. In politics he is a Democrat. He is one of the highly respected and honored citizens of the township. Jacob G. McCuUy, the subject of this sketch, and a farmer and stock raiser of this county, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, January 19, 1838. His father, John McCully, was born in Ire- land, but reared in Virginia, and married in Ohio to Elizabeth GoflF, a native of Virginia. The father moved to Missouri, in 1859, and settled in Sullivan County, where he died November IB, 1874. The mother still lives. Our subject grew to manhood in Meigs County, Ohio, and was married in Vinton County, of that State, April 29, 1858, to Lovisa Ferell, daughter of Bethnel Ferell, of Vinton County, Ohio, where she was mostly reared, although her birthplace was Athens County. Mr. and Mrs, 84Q BlOflEAPHICAL APtENClX. McCully have a family of nine children: John C (married and in this county), Bethnel (married, and in Green City), Howard S., Jacob E., Mary B., George E., David H., Daniel W. and Eosa (a little girl of six). Mr. McCully moved to Missouri in 1859, and located in Sullivan County. August 22, 1862, he enlisted in the Thirty-third Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and received his discharge in St. Louis, in 1865. He enlisted as a private, but became first sergeant. He participated in many minor engagements, and was in the battle at Helena, Ark., July 4, 1863. He also fought for two days at Nashville, Tenn., and also participated in the fight at Spanish Fort, Ala. He followed Price on his last raid through Missouri. After receiving his discharge he went for his wife, who had returned to Ohio to stay with her people during her husband's enlistment, and then returned to Missouri, where they lived for two years in Penn Township, although Mr. McCully was unable to work for three years after coming out of the army. He moved upon his present place in 1867, and now owns eighty acres of good land. Mr. McCully is identified with the Republican party, and held the office of justice of the peace for four years. He was elected, and served as township assessor two terms in succession, and is now per- forming the duties of his second term as township trustee. He is a member of the G. A. E., and is the commander of Capt. J. L. Clark Post, No. 47, Department of Missouri, Green City. Charles H. McCully, a farmer and stock raiser of Buchanan Township, is a native of Ohio, and was born in Meigs County, June 17, 1841. He is a son of John and Elizabeth (Goff) McCully, and a brother of J. G. McCully, whose sketch precedes this. Charles H. accompanied his parents to Missouri in 1859, and located in Sullivan County, Buchanan Township, when he was nineteen years old. He remained with his parents until July, 1861, when he enlisted on the 27th of that month in Com- pany E, Eighteen Missouri Vohmteer Infantry, as a private. He was in the siege of Island No. 10, Mississippi Eiver, and was in the battle of Shiloh two days. He was discharged Decem- ber 11, 1862, on account of wounds received at the battle of Corinth, Miss., October 3, 1862, at the time Price and "Van Dor en were trying to recapture that place. He re-enlisted in Company E, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, August 11, 1864, for twelve months, was examined, recommended, and commissioned second lieutenant of the company. He was stationed in Tennessee, but did not participate in any battles, and was mustered out June 28, 1865. After the close of the war he returned home and engaged in farming, and December 30, 1868, was united in mar- riage to Miss Obedience S. Goforth, daughter of Robert and btJllivan county. 847 Eliza Ann Groforth, a native of Fulton County, 111., where she was reared. After his marriage he engaged in farming in Penn Township, south of Green City, for about seven years, and moved from there upon his present farm in 1876, where he now owns 120 acres of good prairie land, and thirty acres of timber in another tract. Mr. McCuUy has a family of seven children: James William, John W., Joseph G., Hazen, Harry, Anna and George. One son died in infancy. Our subject is a member of the G. A. K. and A. O. U. W. fraternities, having passed all the chairs in the former order. John E. McCurdy, farmer and stock dealer, is a native of Ire- land, having been born in County Tyrone in 1830, and is a son of William and Eliza McCurdy, natives of Scotland, and born in 1792 and 1807, respectively. The father was a farmer by occu- pation, and died January 28, 1883, his widow yet surviving. John E. is one of a family of nine children, all of whom are living, and was reared and educated in his native country, from which he emigrated to the United States in 1863. He located first near Utica, Oneida Co., N. Y., working as a farm laborer, and here resided until 1865, when he came to Sullivan County, Mo. He then worked for Thomas Mairs at $18 per month, and fol- lowed teaching seven winter seasons. After the fii'st summer he spent that season of the year in buying and selling sheep, one season handling 1,300 of those animals. About 1870 he began to speculate in buying and selling cattle, in which business he continued with marked success until 1879. He then became inter- ested almost exclusively in Shorthorn cattle, at first purchasing but nine head. He is now, however, one of the most successful and extensive cattle raisers in the district, and has at present about 100 head of fine stock, and keeps on an average about 80 head. He has a bull, Kirklevington Duke 5th, No. 46388, which he bought November 18, 1884, for $1,200, of Rigdon Huston, of Blandins- ville, 111. For one bull which Mr. McCurdy sold he received $400, and for six and eight months' old male calves he received from $75 to $100 each. He has one of the best Shorthorn herds in Northeast Missouri, in which he takes special pride, and the qual- ity of which reflects great credit upon the community. All of his stock is on the " Short Horn American Herd Book." When Mr. McCurdy came to Sullivan County he had nothing, but, being of an enterprising and industrious disposition, he at present owns 500 acres of land, and ranks among the substantial citizens of the county. October 25, 1866, he married Miss Sarah J. Glaze, who was born within a half mile of her present residence, in the year 1847. Both Mr. and Mrs. McCurdy are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and the former is an ancient 848 . BIOGftAPHiCAL APt-ENiDlX. member of the Masonic fraternity. In politics he is a Democrat. A. S. McDuff, merchant, was born in Renfrewshire, Scotland, May 12, 1838, and is a son of Allen and Jane (Steel) McDuff, natives of Scotland, and born in 1806 and 1807, respectively. The father was an overseer in a cotton factory, and in 1868 immigrated to the United States. He located at once in Milan, where he died in November of the same year, his widow sur- viving him but one year. Of a family of fourteen children, eight are now living : three sons and one daughter in Iowa, two daugh- ters in Scotland, one in New Zealand, and A. S. McDuff in Milan. The latter was educated in Scotland for the ministry, being a follower of the Calvinistic doctrine, but, as he finally decided that he was not fitted for that calling, in 1854 he immi- grated to America, locating in Linn County, Iowa, where he worked at the carpenter's trade. In 1856 he went to Linn County, Mo., and a year later settled in Milan, Sullivan County, where he clerked in a dry goods store. In 1858 he opened the first tin shop in Milan, and in 1860 added dry goods, groceries, hats, caps, boots and shoes, drugs, queens ware, etc., to his stock. During the same year he erected the building in which he is now doing business, and until 1865 was in partnership with Dr. De Witt, the firm being know as A. S. McDuff & Co. In 1865 |7,000 in cash was stolen from the store, but the culprits were never cap- tured. Mr. McDuff has been a business man of Milan si'ace 1858, with the exception of the year 1869. During this time he has made for himself a competency and an unsullied name in business circles for integrity and commercial honor. In 1872 the A. S. McDuff addition was made to Milan, which included sixty-six lots, and May 6, 1877, twenty-one lots more were added. Mr. McDuff now possesses eighty -five acres of land, and a business block in Milan, and is considered one of the substantial business men of the city. December 28, 1862, he married Miss Mary Montgomery, daughter of William Montgomery. Mrs. McDuff was born in Wayne County, Ohio, in 1840, and has borne our subject six children: Ulisses Allan, Jennie Belle, Lizzie May (deceased), Dora May, Ida Maud and Alexander Ralph. Mr. and Mrs. McDuff and the two eldest children are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics Mr. McDuff is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln. He was an ancient member of the K. of H. and Triple Alliance. Andrew J. McLaughlin, a merchant at Winigan, is a native of Coshocton County, Ohio, where he was born in 1854, and is a son of John and Edith (Shupler) McLaughlin. The father was of Scotch and Irish ancestry, and was born near Pittsburgh, Penn., in 1826, but when a boy accompanied his parents to Coshocton StJLLIVAN COUNTY. 84^ County, Ohio, where he was married about 1848, and remained until 1857, when he removed to Sullivan County, and located in Penn Township, ten milefe east of Milan, where he remained until 1880. He then sold his farm to A. J., and in 1885 went to Northwest Iowa, where he has since made his home. He has been a very successful farmer, and, although he began life as a poor boy, is now a well-to-do and substantial farmer. In 1862 he enlisted in the Missouri State Militia, and after about eighteen months of active service was honorably discharged on account of disability. His father, Andrew McLaughlin, was a native of .Scotland, from where he was banished when a young man. He immediately departed for the United States, probably about 1813. He was in England at the time of Gen. Packenham's departure for America, to assist in the War of 1812, and heard him deliver his farewell address, in which he said he would never live to re- turn to his native home. The mother of our subject was born, in Baltimore, Md., in 1824, and is now living in Milan, and is a member of the Presbyterian Church. The father is a Methodist. Our subject received his education at home, attending the com- mon schools of that vicinity, where he remained until he was seventeen, and then taught for several years with remarkable success, being acknowledged the most proficient instructor in Sullivan County at the time. His pupils came a distance of sixty miles from three districts. In 1876-77 he attended the North Missouri State Normal, that he might better fit himself for his noble work. In 1876 he was married to Miss Lovina, daugh- ter of T. H. and Jane Laughead, a native of Penn Township, and born in 1857. Four children have blessed this union, viz.: Bertha, Burtes, Myrtle and Lovina. He remained on the farm until 1884, when he entered the mercantile business at Winigan, which he has since conducted with his customary energy and success, his sales amounting to about $15,000 per annum, and his stock of general merchandise is estimated to be worth about $3,500. Mr. McLaughlin is one of the county's active and capa- ble business men, and one who has the implicit confidence of the community. He has frequently been solicited to accept the candidacy for public offices, but has always refused. He is an earnest Republican, and .his first presidential vote was cast for R. B. Hayes in 1876. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and also of the A. O. U. W. Mrs. McLaughlin has been a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church from her youth. Thomas McNaught was born in Richland County, Ohio, in 1831, and was a son of Thomas and Eliza (Custer) McNaught. The father was of Scotch descent, and born in Pennsylvania, where he spent his youth and was married. He then went to 850 BlOGRAPfllCAt APPfiNDiX. Richland County, Ohio, from there, in 1842, to Knox County, 111., and in 1848 to Warren County. He also resided in Stark County about two years, but, at the time of his death, was a resident of Knox County, 111. He was a carpenter by trade. Mrs. McNaught was a native of Eichland County, Ohio, but her last days were spent in Illinois. , Thomas McNaught was the seventh of a fam- ily of eleven children. At the age of eleven he accompanied his parents to Illinois, where he was reared and educated. At the age of twenty-three he left the paternal roof, and in March, 1855, was united in marriage to Miss E. C. Kiggin, who was born in Peoria, 111., in 1838. This union has been blessed with five chil- dren: H. James, Imri F., William H., Eva Ora and Lenora. In 1807 Mr. McNaught came to Milan, where he engaged in farm- ing, and for three years was interested in the transfer business at this place. In 1872 he bought a half -interest in a saw and grist- mill, two miles west of Milan, his partner being Aaron Glidwell. In 1875 Mr. McNaught bought his partner's interest, and moved the mill to Milan. In 1878 he sold the business to Alexander Brown, who was afterward killed by a mill explosion. Upon his death Mr. McNaught bought a half-interest in the mill, with Philip Albright and Webster Clark. He continued in business with these gentlemen for two years, and, having sold his interest in 1882, went into the mill business in Milan with Mr. Glidwell, whom he bought out in 1884. Three years later he exchanged his business for Mr. Glidwell's saw-mill, to which he has since added a feed-mill. Mr. McNaught is an energetic man, of good business ability, and is highly esteemed by the community at large. In politics he is a Republican, but cast his first presiden- tial vote for Buchanan in 1856. J. W. P. McQuown is a son of Patrick and Mary (Knifong) McQuown, and was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1842. He is of Irish and Dutch descent on the paternal, and Dutch descent upon the maternal side. The father was born in Virginia in 1803, and the mother in the same State in 1800. After reaching years of maturity they were married in their native State, where they resided until 1841. They then came to Sullivan County, Mo., which was then a wilderness, and began to clear a farm. By industry and economy they became well-to-do citizens and prom- inent people in their township. Both were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In politics Mr. McQuown was a Democrat, and for several years served as county judge. The subject of this sketch was one of a family of eight cTiildren, and is the only living son. He spent his boyhood days working upon his father's farm and attending the common schools of his neighborhood. He remained with his father until thirty-four StJLLITAN COUNTY. 8S1 years of age. In 1875 he was united in marriage to Julia E. Davis, a native of Ohio, and born in 1854. Mrs. MoQuown is the mother of three children: Effie M., Elvie L. and Corey L. Mr. McQuown is a substantial farmer owning 360 acres of land, well improved, and in connection with farming is engaged in stock- raising. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In politics he is a Democrat. Mark B. Mairs was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, in 1829, and is a son of Dr. Joseph and Margaret (Bell) Mairs. The father was born in County Derry, Ireland, and upon arriving at maturity immigrated to the United States, where he taught school several terms in Pennsylvania. He was a finely cultured and educated man, being very proficient in mathematics and penmanship, and at one time was offered $3,500 per annum to teach in Philadelphia. While teaching he began to study medi- cine which he afterward practiced successfully in Jackson County, Va., having moved thei'e from Jefferson County, Ohio, in 1832. About 1860 he practically abandoned his profession and in 1865 immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., purchasing the farm now owned by J. C. De Witt. He was the owner of 320 acres of land and one of the influential citizens of the township at the time of his death, which was very sudden, he being at work in the hay- field when called hence. The mother was of Scotch-Irish descent, and born in Ohio, in 1806. Her death occurred in 1852. Mark B. Mairs is the fourth of a family of nine children, and was but two years old when taken by his parents to Jackson County, Ya. He received a district school education, and lived at home until twenty-four years of age. February 3, 1853, he married Miss Louisiana Fowler, daughter of Braxton Fowler. This lady was born in Charles City, Va., in 1830, and is the mother of eight children: William (physician and druggist of Humphreys), Ezekiel M., John Braxton, Mary B. (wife of Wade H. Jones), Henry T., Lucy M. (deceased), Ida, and Wallace (deceased). After his mar- riage Judge Mairs farmed upon the old home place until 1865, and then moved to Sullivan County, Mo., purchasing 320 acres of land upon which he now resides. He owns a finely cultivated and improved farm, as nicely situated as any in the county, con- sisting of 720 acres, and well equipped with necessary agricult- ural implements. He lives in a comfortable residence surrounded with good out-buildings, etc. In politics Judge Mairs is a Democrat, and as such served about nine years as township trustee. In 1886 he was elected county judge of Sullivan County for the Western Division, the duties of which office he is now discharging. He is one of the substantial citizens of the county, and a highly esteemed gentleman. He is a member of the Blue Lodge in Masonry. 8B2 BlOGilAPHlOAt APPENtolX. Joseph W. Mairs is a son of Thomas and Louisa (Arnold) Mairs. The father was born in Ireland, and when ten years old came with his parents to Jefferson County, Ohio, and later to Jackson County, Va., where he married Miss Arnold, who was born in Harrison County, Va., in 1825. They then lived in Vir- ginia until 1863, when Mrs. Mairs died. Two years later the father with his five sons and two daughters came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he died in 1876. Mr. Mairs was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and Mrs. Mairs of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In early life Mr. Mairs engaged in flat-boating, but after, his residence in Virginia was chiefly engaged in farming, although at times he became interested in milling and merchandising. In politics he was a Whig during the days of that party, but afterward became a Kepublican. Joseph was born in Jackson County, Va., in 1847, and is the third child. He was reared upon his father's farm, and educated at the log school-house of his neighborhood. At the age of six- teen he enlisted in a company of Virginia troops, in which he served two years. While in service his left thumb was torn off by his own revolver, which he had laid across his hand as a rest. In 1865 he came to Sullivan County, and in 1870 was married to Mary Curtis, who was born in the county in 1850. By her six children were born: Thomas I., Lydia A., Lillian, John L., Dora B. and Ada S. Mr. Mairs has been a resident of Sullivan County for twenty-two years, eleven ot which have been passed upon the farm on which he is now living. He owns 280 acres of good land, and is one of the substantial farmers and stock raisers of the county. He is a Republican, and a member of the I. O. O. F. Mrs. Mairs belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Ezekiel M. Mairs was born in Jackson County, W. Va., in 1856, and is a son of Mark B. and Louisiana (Fowler) Mairs [see M. B. Mairs' sketch]. E. M. Mairs is the second child of a family of eight, and was but nine years of age when he came to Sullivan County. He received his early education at the district schools of the neighborhood during his youth, and lived with his parents until twenty-two years old. In January, 1878, he mar- ried Miss Flora, daughter of C. H. and Loaisa Cowardin. Mrs. Mairs was born in Logan County, III, in 1857, and was brought to Sullivan County when four years old. This union has been blessed with four children: Mark, Lillie, Frederick and Chester. After his marriage Mr. Mairs first made his home in Grundy County, Mo., but in 1881 moved where he now resides. He is one of the enterprising young farmers of the township, and is comfortably situated in a i;iice house, and the owner of 320 acres of good land. Himself and wife are consistent members of the SULLIVAN COUNTY. 853 Protestant Methodist Church, and the former- is an ancient mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity. In politics Mr. Mairs is a Demo- crat. John Maphet was born in Campbell County, Ky., February 6, 1814, and is a son of John and Patience (Harris) Maphet, natives of Ohio and Ballitt County, Ky., respectively. The father was of Irish parentage, a cabinet-maker by trade, at which he worked in Cincinnati. The subject of this sketch was born while his parents were on a visit in Kentucky. He was but a child three years of age at the time of his father's death, in 1817. He was then reared by his grandparents, and with them went to Indiana, and settled near Evansville. At the age of eighteen he went to his native county, where he remained about four years. In the fall of 1836 he was united in marriage with Miss Nancy, daughter of William Ginn. Mrs. Maphet was born in Kentucky in 1818. In 1838 Mr. Maphet moved to Henry County, Ind., where he improved a farm, and resided about six- teen years. In the fall of 1854 he moved to Missouri, settling first in Putnam County, where he entered and bought land, which he improved, and upon which he lived about fifteen years. He then traded that property for the place where he now resides, upon which he moved in the fall of 1868. His present farm consists of 160 acres of land, well improved, upon which a good house and comfortable outbuildings are located. Mrs. Maphet died in January, 1869, and by her three children were born, all of whom are now deceased: Octavia, who was the wife of Sol. Eeger; Sim- eon, a soldier in the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, killed at the battle of Shiloh; and E. C, a soldier in Company!), Fcirty-fourth Regiment, who died at Holla, Mo. Mr. Maphet was married, in Putnam County, in 1871, to Mrs. Mary Ann Rowan, daughter of William Bradley, and former wife of Alex. Rowan. Both Mr. and Mrs. Maphet are members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church, and well respected citizens of the township in which they live. William H. Martin, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Penn Township, is a native of Morgan County, Ind., and was born in 1838. His parents, Dan and Eliza (Vaughn) Martin, are natives of New York and Ohio, respectively, and were united in marriage in Allen County, Ohio, in 1835. From there they moved to Indiana, and from there to North Iowa. They after- ward went to Jefferson and Lee Counties, and in 1850 came to Sullivan County, and located two miles west of the present site of Green City, where they have a comfortable home. Mr. Mar- tin was born in 1809, and is of Welsh and Irish ancestry. He is a son of Dan Martin, also a native of New York, whose father 854 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. came from Ireland." Dan Martin, Jr., was twice married, his last wife being Miss Susan Eeynolds. , His first wife was born about 1814, and died in Keokuk, Iowa. Mr. Martin has made farming his chief occupation. The subject of our sketch was reared under the parental roof, and received a very limited common-school education during his youth. He has been thrice married. His first wife, whom he married in 1857, was Miss Maria Carter, by whom he had eight children, five of whom are living: Adeline (wife of Edward Smart, of Kansas), Daniel L., Minerva, Susan and Rosy. Mrs. Martin died about 1872, and two years later our subject married Miss Elizabeth Hunsaker, by whom he had one child, which is now deceased. Mrs. Martin died about three years after her marriage, and his third wife was Miss Caroline King. This last union has been blessed with two children: Charles and Herman. Mr. Martin has been a resident of Penn Town- ship since his first marriage, and has resided upon his present farm since 1877. He is pleasantly located two miles west of Green City, and his farm consists of 400 acres, all of which is the result of his own industry, indefatigable will and close appli- cation to business. Although Mr. Martin has met with many reverses and losses throughout his life, he has never lost the hopeful and cheery disposition with which he is blessed, and has risen from poverty and obscurity to a successful and prominent position as one of the best farmers and stock raisers of his town- ship. He was reared under Democratic influence, but has long been identified with the Republican party. His first presidential vote was cast for Stephen A. Douglas. Henry Clay Martin is a native of Illinois, and was born in Adams County, September 26, 1842. His father, Hon. Philip W. Martin, was born in Kentucky, January 30, 1801, of which State his mother, Mary (Barnett) Martin, was also a native. Mr. Mar- tin moved from Kentucky with his family about 1822, and settled in Adams County, 111., where he lived twenty years. During that time he was elected by bis county to represent it in the Legisla- ture of Illinois, which he did with general satisfaction to all. During the Black Hawk War he served as brigadier-general. In 1842 he settled in Liberty Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., where he entered 400 acres of land, and cultivated a farm. His death occurred April 27, 1874. Henry Clay Martin, when but an infant, was brought by his parents to Sullivan County, in 1842, and here was reared and educated. February 23, 1864, he was united in marriage, in Putnam County, Mo., to Miss Elizabeth A., eldest daughter of Martin Stone, and a native of Sullivan County, born June 17, 1846. This union was blessed with nine ohildren, six of whom are living: Susan Belle (wife of N. G. SULLIVAN COUNTY. 855 Auxier), Alda (wife of G. W. Peters), Mary E. (wife of Lewis F. Hayes), Byron L., Ora M. and Ida May. Those deceased are John L., who died August 2, 1878, aged six years ; Novia C, died August 6, 1878, aged two, and David L., died August 7, 1878, aged four. During the same year many families lost as many as seven children. After his marriage Mr. Martin located in the eastern portion of Liberty Township, and in 1870 removed upon the place where he now resides, which is near the land originally entered by his father. Mr. Martin is a well-to-do farmer, and owns 114 acres of land. He is a Democrat, and as such is now serving his third term as township clerk and assessor. He has also held the office of justice of the peace. Both himself and wife are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Daniel E. Mathews is a hardware merchant and tinner at Greencastle, and was born in Adams County, Ohio, in 1845. He is the second son of Joshua and P. J. (Wasson) Mathews, natives of Ohio and Pennsylvania, respectively. They were married in Ohio, and about 1852 removed to Hlinois, and from there, in the year 1871, removed to Schuyler County, Mo., where they remained until 1875. They then settled in Sullivan County, and are now living in Greencastle. The father is sixty-two and the mother sixty-three years of age. Both were formerly members of the Missionary Baptist Church, but are now Methodists. Our subject was reared under the parental roof, and received his edu- cation at the common schools, and at Geneseo, 111. In early life he partially learned the tinner's trade, but abandoned that and went to farming. He came to Sullivan County in 1875, and farmed until 1882, when he removed to Greencastle, where he has since been engaged as above stated. In November, 1872, he married Miss Prudence J., daughter of Martin and Mary Stout, formerly of West Virginia, where Mrs. Mathews was born. Mr. and Mrs. Mathews have two children. Our subject is a stanch Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant in 1868. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and of the Select Knights. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. John Michael, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Township, is a native of Marion County, Ohio, where he was born in 1832, and is a son of David and Sarah (Hobbs) Michael, natives of what is now West Virginia, and born in 1798 and 1795, respect- ively, where they were reared and married, but a few years after moved to Marion County, Ohio, where they made their home until 1835, when they moved to La Grange County, Ind., and from there to Sl^elby Oouintjr, Mo., iu E^bout 1840. They next 856 BIOGBAPHIOAL APPENDIX. went to Adair, and located near Nineveh, where the father died about 1844. He was a soldier in the War of 1812. In 1851 the family remoyed to Sullivan County, and located one-half mile west of Owasco, where our subject now resides. The mother died in Idaho about 1881. The father of David Michael, Paul Michael, was a native of Germany and an old Revolutionary sol- dier, but was a farmer by occupation. John was reared under the parental roof, and received but a common-school education, which was paid for by the work of his mother at her loom. He accompanied his mother to this county where he was married in 1857 to Miss Samantha, daughter of James and Mary Fansher, formerly of Tennessee; Mrs. Michael is a native of Illinois, where she was born, in Morgan County, in 1835. He has since been a resident of the old home farm, and is now the owner of 184 acres of land, nearly all of which he has accumulated by his own labor, converting it from brush and timber to finely , culti- vated fields. Mr. Michael has fulfilled the wish of his mother that he should become a well-informed man, by applying him- self closely, and reading what books he has had access to, and by this means has obtained a good knowledge of the outside world. He has been a Democrat all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan in 1856. John H. Moberly is a native of Sullivan County, Mo., and was born in 1850. His parents. Dr. William and Sarah J. (Haley) Moberly, were born in Madison County, Ky., in 1814 and 1820, respectively. When a young man the father went to Livingston County, Mo., and in 1846 came to Sullivan County, where he entered land, and became the owner of 640 acres. Although a farmer by occupation, being one of the few professional medical men in the county, he also practiced his profession to some extent. He died in 1856. Mrs. Moberly afterward married John T. Moberly, her first husband's brother, and is an enterprising woman of rare business ability engaged in looking after the estate left her by her first husband, to which 1,100 acres were added, making over 1,700 in all. Of eight children born to Mrs. Moberly, all save two are living: Mary A. (wife of John L. Clawson), Elizabeth (wife of Dr. Leonard Dell), Rachel (wife of J. M. Atkinson), John H., Lewis W. and Nancy J. (wife of Levi Cox). John H. Moberly was but six years old at the time of his father's death, but continued to live with his mother until twenty-five years of age. During his youth he was educated at the district schools of the neighborhood. December 24, 1874, he married Miss Mary E. Thomas, who was born in Sullivan County, in 1851, and is a daughter of John F. Thomas. To this UAion there are three living children; Jol^n W., Cljar].es Q, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 857 and Betha A. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Moberly moved upon their present place which consists of 460 acres of good land. They also own 400 acres in Clay Township, mak- ing 860 in all. Mr. Moberly is a successful farmer and stock raiser, keeping about 250 head of stock per annum, and is one of the respected citizens of the county. Lewis W. Moberly, farmer and stock raiser, is a native citi- zen of Sullivan County, Mo., and was born in 1852. [For sketch of his parents. Dr. William and Sarah J. (Haley) Moberly, see biography of John H. Moberly. j Lewis was the fifth child, and but four years of age when bereft of a father's guidance and care. He made his home with his mother during her widowhood, working upon the farm and receiving his early education at dis- trict schools. In 1872 he traveled west to Colorado and Wyo- ming, being absent eighteen months. October 26, 1879, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Sprout, daughter of F. M. Sprout, of Grundy County, Mo. This lady was born in Grundy County, Mo., in 1859, and has borne our subject two children — Evert J. and Sadie. After his marriage, Mr. Moberly located upon the old home place where he now resides. He is the owner of 340 acres of good land, which is well cultivated and improved. In 1883 he built a large frame dwelling at a cost of $1,300, in which he is very comfortably domiciled. He is a suc- cessful young farmer and stock raiser, and keeps upon an average 100 head of cattle per annum. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Samuel J. Tilden in 1876. James W. Mofiitt, one of the prominent farmers and stock raisers of Morris Township, Section 21, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, in 1835, and is a son of Lawrence W. and Eliza (Covington) Moffitt, also natives of Champaign County, where they were reared and married about 1834, and about 1841 re- moved to Edgar County, 111., where the mother died in 1861, her husband dying in Champaign County, Ohio, nine years later. He served about two years during the latter part of the Rebellion as an Ohio volunteer. He was of Irish ancestry, and a son of Nathan Moffitt, a soldier in the War of 1812. His occupation was that of a millwright and carpenter. Both Mr. and Mrs. Mofiitt were members of the Christian Church. Our subject was reared at home during the early days of Edgar County, 111., when public schools were in their infancy, and hence his educational advantages were very limited. He was united in marriage, in 1854, to Miss Eliza Eleanor Smith, daughter of Capt. Philip B. and Susan Smith, the former an officer in the War of 1812. To this union four children came, three of whom are living: William, Eobert, John A. and Philips. Mrs. MoflSttdiedin 1865, anda year 858 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. later our subject married Miss Bmeline, daughter of Absalom and Huldah Webb, then of Douglas County, 111., but formerly of Indiana, where Mrs. Moffitt was born. To this latter union eleven children were given, ten of whom are living: Frank, Jennie, Absalom, Edward, Delia, Benjamin, George, Nate L., Mary and Elmer. Mr. Moffitt remained in Edgar and Douglas Counties until 1870, when he came to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, three miles north of Winigan, where he has since made his home, and is now one of the land holders and extensive farmers of the county, being the owner of 1,095 acres. Mr. Moffitt started in life a poor man, from which condition he has risen to his present circumstances by his industry, fru- gality and extraordinary business ability. He has accumulated nearly all his property since his residence in Missouri, and has made farming his sole occupation. In 1882 he was elected town- ship trustee, and has been twice re-elected, having held the office with general satisfaction. Since his residence in Sullivan County, he has spent two winters in Kirksville for the purpose of educat- ing his children. He has been a Democrat all his life, and his first presidential vote was cast for Buchanan. His second wife died March 2, 1886, and both she and his first wife were members of the Christian Church. Capt. Isaac H. Montgomery, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Penn Township, is a native of Crawfordsville, Ind., and was born in 1828. His parents were Archibald and Cynthia (Herod) Montgomery, who were natives of Kentucky. The father was of Irish ancestry, born in 1792, and served as a volun- teer in the War of 1812. His father was a native of Ireland. He served during the entire period of the War of the Revolution, and was several times wounded. He died in what is known as the " Black Hawk Purchase," at the ripe old age of one hundred and seven years eleven months and five days. Archibald was mar- ried in 1816, and about two years later removed to Scott County, Ind., and afterward to Montgomery County, and later to Tipton County, where he spent the remainder of his days, dying in 1876. For many years in the early part of his life he was a shoemaker, but later engaged in farming. The mother was of Scotch extraction, and was born in 1800, and died in 1868. Both parents were for many years devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The subject of this sketch was reared under parental instruction and common schools, and by close application to his books, and the watchfulness of his parents, obtained sufficient knowledge to enable him to enter the profession of teaching. Later, after he was married, he attended the Kokomo Normal School, that he might better fit himself for the profession of SULLIVAN COUNTY. 859 teaching. He became a capable instructor,, and continued at that occupation until the breaking out of the late war, when he took a prominent stand for the Union, and greatly aided in securing vol- unteers duririg the first year of the war. In July, 1862, he organized Company B, Seventy-fifth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and was immediately elected captain of the company, and at once joined the Fourteenth Corps of the Army of the Cumberland, and took an active part in all the engagements in which his regiment participated. He was engaged in the battles of Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga and Missionary Eidge. At the latter place he received a severe injury from a fall, which rendered him incapa- ble of further field duty, although he remained at his post until May, 1864, when he was honorably discharged on account of dis- ability. He returned home, and was appointed deputy provost- marshal for Tipton County, which position he held efficiently until the downfall of the Confederacy. He then entered the mer- cantile business at Tipton, which he continued with success until 1884, when he removed to Sullivan County, Mo., and located about nine miles east of Milan, in Penn Township, where he has a fine farm of 200 acres, which he has under a high state of cul- tivation and improvement. The Captain has held various local offices, always with high credit to himself. In 1880 he was a candidate before the Bepublican State convention of Indiana for the office of Secretary of State, and out of six candidates in the field he had the honor of making the second best race. Since his residence in Sullivan County he has devoted his attention exclusively to his farm. He has been twice married, his first wife being Miss Elizabeth J., daughter of Andrew and Susan Evans, this lady being a native of Owen County, Ind. Their marriage took place in 1848, and five children born to this marriage are living: Budora (a teacher in the Eldorado (Kas. ) school), Wiley B. (a railroad engineer at West Cliff, Col.), Belle (a music teacher), Andrew D. (a druggist at Dighton, Kas.) and Elizabeth (wife of A. R. Bray, traveling salesman for a Quincy drug house). His first wife died in 1866, and the same year he married Mrs. Sarah J. Evans, nee Smith, by whom he had three children, one of whom is living — Isaac Marion. In politics the Captain was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Taylor, in 1848. Since the dissolution of the Whig party he has affiliated with the Republicans, and has been an earnest and honored member among them. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and of the G. A. R., and himself and wife are metabers of the Presbyterian Church. Jarow Moore was born in Adair County, Mo., in 1862, and is a son of William and Sarah Ann (Gates) Moore. The father is 860 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. of Irish descent, and was born in Kentucky in 1829. His father, Garland Moore, is now living in Adair County, at the age of one- hundred and fifteen years, and was a soldier in the War of 1812. William was married in his native State, and in 1854 immigrated to Adair County, Mo., purchasing land in Morrow Township, where he passed the remainder of his days, his death occurring in 1871. He was a Union sympathizer during the late Rebellion, and enlisted and remained in service until discharged for disabil- ity, on account of being thrown from his horse and breaking his shoulder, and also because he was suffering from that dread dis- ease, small-pox. He died from the effects of injuries received during the war. His wife was born in Kentucky, and died in May, 1887, at the age of fifty-nine. Jarow Moore was the young- est of five children, and at the tender age of nine was left to fight the battle of life for himself. He worked upon a farm for board and clothes for six years, and at the age of fifteen was hired for one year for $50 compensation. He afterward worked as a day laborer for about eleven years, the scenes of his toil lying in Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas and Missouri. In 1885 he came to Jackson Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., where he now resides, and where he was happily married to Miss Ada Jewett, daughter of Capt. J. W. Jewett. This lady was born in Sullivan County in 1868, and is the mother of one child. Hazel May. Mr. Moore is the owner of seventy acres of land, for which he cares sys- tematically. In politics he is a Republican. Mrs. Moore is a member of the Free United Brethren Church. William M. Morehead was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1837, and is a son of John and Isabelle (Payne) Morehead. The father was born in Virginia in 1811, but in his youth moved to Monroe County, Ky., where he lived, married and died. Two years , however, were spent in Indianapolis, Ind. His death occurred in 1871. The mother was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1813, and died in 1852. William M. was the second of a family of eight children, and made his home with his parents until twenty-seven years of age, working upon the farm. His education was received at the common schools of the neighbor- hood. Being a strong Union man, in September, 1862, he en- listed in Company H, Ninth Regiment Kentucky Volunteer In- fantry, and participated in the battles of Missionary Ridge, Stone River, Chickamauga, Perryville, Atlanta, and several skirmishes. At the battle of Stone River he was captured, and taken to Libby prison, where he was retained thirty-one days. He then spent six months at Camp Chase before being exchanged. He was discharged in December, 1864, at Louisville, Ky., and October 5 of the following year married Miss Isabelle Payne, daughter SULLIVAN COUNTY. 861 of Reuben Payne. Mrs. Morehead was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1848, and bore our subject two children: John and Ida (born in 1868, died September 5, 1886). In 1869 Mr. Morehead left his native State, and located in Polk Township, Sullivan Co., Mo. In 1869 he bought 120 acres of land, where he has since resided, and to which, by hard work and good management, he has added acre by acre, until he is now the owner of 600 acres of well improved and cultivated land, and a good home. In connec- tion with farming he is extensively engaged in stock raising, and has, on an average, 125 head of cattle per annum. Mrs. More- head having died in October, 1870, Mr. Morehead was united in marriage, in July, 1871, to Miss Sarah Page, who was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1852, and is a daughter of Samuel Page. To this union seven children have been born: Addison, James, William, Jesse and Lillie, living, and Lizzie and Charles, de- ceased; Charles died in January, 1882, and Lizzie in 1885. Mr. Morehead is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for G. B. McClellan in 1864. He is a Master Mason, and himself and wife are worthy members of the Baptist Church. L. C. Morgan is a son of Jackson and Salinda (Payne) Mor- gan, and was born in Sullivan County in 1840. He was reared upon the farm, but owing to "ill health received but a poor edu- cation. At the age of ten years he began to work for wages at different times, and thus, although very young, furnished himself with clothes. He showed so much business ability that his father soon gave him the management of his business affairs, always finding him faithful and capable. In 1867 he married Elizabeth Hatcher, daughter of John Hatcher, who was born in this country in 1843. This union has been blessed with eight children, all, save one, now living: Mary M. (deceased), Martha E., Salinda M., Annie L., John J., Ranson, Ivin and an infant. Mr. Morgan began life for himself with but little, and upon be- ginning to keep house manufactured his own furniture. He is an industrious and energetic man, and by economy and good manage- ment is now the owner of 274 acres of land. He has been a resi- dent of the county for over forty-seven years, and is a highly re- spected and prosperous citizen and farmer. His father was born in Middle Tennessee in 1813, and is a son of Martin and Eliza- beth (McDaniel) Morgan, natives of South Carolina and Tennes- see, respectively. They lived in the latter State until 1816, and then immigrated to Chariton County, Mo., where they died. In 1838 Jackson Morgan was married, in Boone County, Mo., to Salinda Payne, born in 1821. Mr. Morgan was a good sportsman during his youth, when the country abounded in game and ani- mals, and during his residence in Chariton County once treed 862 BlOGEAPHlCAL AtPENlDlX. and shot a panther which measured seven feet from tip to tip. In 1839 he moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where he has since resided. Both himself and wife are members of the Primitive Baptist Church, and to them ten children have been born, eight of whom are living. Mr. Morgan is now seventy -four years of age, and is enjoying good health. He is a Democrat, as was his father and grandfather, the latter having been a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Koberson Morris, one of the early pioneer farmers of Morris Township, is a native of Floyd County, Ky., where he was born in 1807. His parents, Daniel and Mary (Crosswigbt) Morris, were natives of Henry and Albemarle Counties, respectively, but when young went to Kentucky, where they were married and where they resided until about 1828, when they removed to Schuyler County, 111., the father dying there about 1833. He was of Irish ancestry, and farming was his occupation. The mother was a member of the Baptist Church, and died in Jeiferson County, 111., about 1839. Our subject was reared under the parental roof in the wilds of Kentucky, without any educational advantages, and removed to Illinois with his parents, where he was married in 1833 to-Miss Susannah, daughter of John and Mary Johnson, formerly of Floyd County, Ky., where Mrs. Mor- ris was born in, 1814. To this couple nine children have been born of whom five sons and two daughters are now living, viz. : James, Elizabeth (wife of Samuel Baker), William, Mary (wife of James Conner, of Adair County), John, Alfred and Charles. All of these, save one, live within a few miles of the place where they were reared. In 1835 Mr. Morris removed to Henry County, Iowa, where he lived until 1840, when he moved to Linn County, Mo., and the year following located ten miles southeast of Milan, in Morris Township, this township receiving its name in honor of our subject. Mr. Morris now owns a farm of 400 acres at this place, but at one time possessed over 1,000 acres, but being of a generous disposition and wishing* to do well by his children, he has given away several hundred acres that they might have a good start in life. Having spent his early life in the wilds of Kentucky, where game was plenty, our subject became an expert sportsman, and being also of a roving disposi- tion, passed a good deal of time chasing deer, turkeys, and other wild animals. When he first came to this country his intention was to abide here but a short time and then remove to the wild west ( Oregon ) , but unf orseen circumstances compelled him to abandon this idea and he concluded to settle permanently in Sullivan County. Although beginning life with no capital, his course through life has been such, that now he is one SULLIVAN COUNTY. 863 of the well-to-do and influential farmers of Morris Township, and although not an educated man himself, he is always inter- ested in educational projects, and his children have received alf the advantages offered in that region for instruction. Mr. Mor- ris is one of the very earliest settlers of Sullivan County, his nearest neighbor at the time of his settlement here being twenty miles distant on the east. The present site of Milan was then the nearest settlement in that direction, and directly north he had no neighbors in the county. Mr. Morris has battled against all the hardships and privations that pioneer and frontier life are heir to, but has kept pace with the advancement and improve- ment of the country, up to the present, and through his honesty, kindness, and generous hospitality has won the esteem of the entire community. He has been a Democrat all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for Jackson. Mrs. Morris is a member of the Christian Church. James Morris, a farmer and stock raiser of Pleasant Hill Township, is a native of Schuyler County, HI., where he was born in 1834, and is the eldest of seven children of Roberson and Susannah (Johnson) Morris [see history in sketch of Rober- son Morris]. Our subject was brought from Iowa, where they lived a short time, to Linn County, in 1840, and the year follow- ing to Sullivan County, where he spent most of his youthful days, during the pioneer period of that county. He received his education in the common schools of Linn and Sullivan Counties, and when nineteen years of age he crossed the plains for the El Dorado of the West, where he spent the most of four years mining, with reasonable success. He returned in the fall of 1856, via the Isthmus of Panama. March 8, 1857, he was mar- ried to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John and Rebecca Muncy, formerly of Indiana, where Mrs. Morris was born. The parents of Mrs. Morris were, however, among the early settlers of Sul- livan County. To this union nine children were born, and of these four sons and three daughters are living, viz. : Joseph (of Custer County, Neb.), Lester, Mollie (wife of W. Halliburton), Hester (wife of R. B. Ash), Chester, Anster and Norma. Those deceased are Susie R. and Llewella M. Soon after his marriage Mr. Morris removed to Jefiferson County, Iowa, where he remained five years. He then returned to Sullivan County, and located in Pleasant Hill Township, where he has a fine farm of 1,040 acres, which lies in Morris and Pleasant Hill Townships, thirteen miles southeast of Milan, making one of the most desir- able and valuable pieces of property in the county. Mr. Morris has made farming his chief occupation during his life, although he has spent thirteen years in Milan, ten of which were spent in 864 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. public office. In 1872 he was elected county collector and lield that office for a term of two years. Then, in 1874, he was ""elected county court clerk for a term of four years and was re-elected in 1878, thus filling this office eight years to the gen- eral satisfaction of all. He had previously served two years as justice of the peace of Morris Township. In 1883 he again pur- chased his farm which he had sold while living at Milan, and in 1885 again returned to farming, and has since made his home on the old farm. Mr. Morris is one of the most energetic and enterprising citizens of Sullivan County, and his fine property is to a great extent the result of his own labor and management. During the late war he served for a short time in the Missouri State Militia under Capt. Daniel Laf ener. He cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan, and has been a Democrat all his life. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and also of the A. O. U. W. ' In the former society he has taken the Koyal Arch and Knight Templar degrees. John Morris is a son of Roberson and Susannah (Johnson) Morris, and was born June 11, 1846, in Sullivan County, Mo. His early education was received at the old subscription schools, but, not satisfied with his literary attainments, he afterward attended the Kirksville Normal School. In 1864 he enlisted in Company I, Forty-second Missouri Volunteer Infantry, United States army, and served about eight months. He received an honorable discharge at Nashville, and then returned to Sullivan County, where he farmed and attended school as above stated. He then devoted his time to school teaching for about a year, but was obliged to abandon that vocation on account of ill health, and return to farming. In 1875 he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah J. Muncy, who was born in this county August 15, 1850. Mrs. Morris is a daughter of John and Rebecca (Smith) Muncy, and has borne our subject three children: Ivy P., Charles M. and Ray. Mr. Morris is a Master Mason and a Democrat. As a farmer he has been very successful. He received some assistance from his father and father-in-law upon starting out in life, but has since by industry and good manage- ment, and the help of his faithful wife, added to his possessions until he is now the owner of 946 acres of land. He resides in one of the best houses in the county, which is surrounded by good outbuildings, and is considered one of the substantial farmers of the township. Robert D. Morrison was born in Bedford County, Tenn., in 1813, and is a son of William H. and Mary (Haynes) Morrison. The father was of Scotch-Irish descent, and born in Iredell County, N. C, January 8, 1767. The grandfather of Robert SULLIVAN COUNTY. 865 was born in Pennsylvania, and served in the Eevolutionary War three years under Gen. Washington, and during the cold winter of 1777 was at Valley Forge. William H. participated in the battle of Guilford Court-House, and in 1795 was married in Eowan County, N. C, to Mary Haynes, a native of that place, and born in 1779. About the first of the nineteenth century he moved to Bedford County, Tenn., and in 1817 removed to Frank- lin County, Tenn., and passed there the remainder of his life. His death occurred in 1837. Robert D. was the twelfth child of fifteen born to Mr. and Mrs. Morrison, and was reared under the parental roof until nineteen years of age. He received his edu- cation at a primitive log school-house, and the academy at Win- chester, Tenn. He taught school in Tennessee, Alabama and Missouri for nine years, beginning at the early age of nineteen, and in 1834 went to Morgan County, Ala., where he resided two years. June 10 of that year he married Miss Sarah Saw- yers, daughter of Bailey and Sarah Sawyers. Mrs. Morrison was born in Lincoln County, Tenn., in 1817, and has borne ten children, five oi whom are living: William B., Gilbert M. L., Harriet E. (wife of Isaac Hornbeck), Maria L. (wife of Joseph Baker, of Nebraska) and Robert D. In 1836 our subject returned to the home of his boyhood to care for his father in his declining years. In 1841 he began the study of law under Judge Nathan Green, of Winchester, and in fifteen months was admitted to the bar. In 1842 he removed to Carroll County, in 1844 to Ray County, and in 1845 to Sullivan County, Mo., locating near Milan, the county seat. In 1857 he became a resident of the county seat, where he has since lived. He has for years been a prominent man in his county as the following career indicates: In 1846 he was elected justice of the peace for four years, and also began to serve a term of four years as county treasurer; in 1851 was appointed circuit attorney for the Eleventh Judicial Cir- cuit, and in 1852 was elected for a term of four years to the same position. In 1856 he was sent to the Legislature, but after the first regular session resigned. In 1857 he was appointed register of the land ofiice by President Buchanan, and served two years, the office being at Milan, but was. removed to Boonville in 1859. In 1863 he was again elected justice of the peace, and served two years; in 1872 was elected county attorney of Sullivan County, and in 1874 was re-elected. In 1880 served again as justice of the peace, and was twice re- elected to that office at the expiration of his terms. In 1884 he was elected probate judge, and is now discharging the duties of that office, having been agajn elected in 1886. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and in 1880 was 866 fitOGRAPaiCAL APPENDIX. ordained elder by Bishop Keener. He has officiated as a local preacher, having expounded the gospel for over two years in Milan, and about fifteen years in different parts of the county. He also preached in Linn County about three months. In 1885-86 he organized a class at Humphreys, Mo., being the first Southern Methodist to preach there, and left that place with a Methodist Episcopal Church of about seventy members. Judge Morrison is one of the early pioneer settlers of Sullivan County, and it was he who carried the chain to lay out the county seat. He is an able lawyer and a good citizen, one whose character is unstained, and whose official record is clear. In Masonry he is a Master Mason, and a charter member of Seaman Lodge, No. 126. He has served as Secretary for seven years, as Senior Warden one year, and as Worshipful Master three years. The Judge has a taste for poetry, and among the productions from his pen are " Winter's Triumph over Autumn," written upon the ringing of the first church bell in Milan in 1873; "Last Day of Summer," and " Funeral Flowers." John W. Muncy, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Union Township, is a native of Sullivan County, where he was born in 1847, and is a son of John and Eebecca (Smith) Muncy. John Muncy is of French and English ancestry, and was born in Ken- tucky, in 1809, but, when a young man, went to Indiana, where he was married about 1835 ; and in 1841 came to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, afterward removing to Union Township. He was a soldier in the War of the Rebellion in the Confederate army, under Gen. Sterling Price, but the rest of his life was spent in farming, in which occupation he was very successful. He was one of the early pioneer settlers of Sullivan County, and underwent his full share of the trials and hardships incident to pioneer life. He came west with no capital, but, through frugal- ity and industry, amassed a handsome competency. His latter days were spent at Milan, where he died in July, 1885. The mother was born in 1815, and is still living at Milan. Our sub- ject was reared at home, and received his education at the com- mon schools of the country and at Milan. When twenty-five years old he attended the North Missouri State Normal at Kirks- ville, one term. Previous to this, when about twenty years old, he went to the far West, and was in the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad Company for some time. He then traveled through Washington and Idaho Territories for two years, and then returned home and resumed farming. He was married in 1872 to Miss Ruth Delia, daughter of Emery and Ruth Smeed, of Berrien County, Mich., where Mrs. Muncy was born and reared. To this couple six children have been born, viz. : Clyde, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 86? Maud, Ruth, Edith, Effie and Cleo. Mr. Muncy has been a resi- dent of his present farm in Union Township since 1873. He is the owner of a fine, well-improved faria of 2'80 acres and 35 acres of timber. He has made farming and stoct raising his chief occupations, and has accumulated his property through his own industry and good management. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley in 1872. He has been a Mason since his majority. Jesse J. Murphy, a farmer and stock raiser of Buchanan Township, was born in Rush County, Ind., October 2, 1829, and is a son of Elias and Nancy (Wheat) Murphy, natives of North Caro- lina. His parents were among the early settlers of Rush County, Ind., where they both lived until their respective deaths. Our subject grew to maturity in that county, where he was married, in the fall of 1852, at th6 age of twenty-three, to Miss Mary "W. Arnold, a native of the same county. This lady is of English parentage, being a daughter of William Arnold, an Englishman. Mr. Murphy learned the carpenter's trade when quite young, and followed that business for a number of years. He went west in the fall of 1870, bought a farm in Miami County, and farmed for eight years, but in the fall of 1878 went to Missouri, and located in Barton County, where he bought a farm which he operated for four years. In 1888 he sold this farm, and bought the place in Sullivan County where he now resides, which consists of 300 acres in the home place, nearly all fenced, 110 acres of which are finely cultivated, and, he also owns a fine residence with good new barn, etc. In 1885 Mr. Murphy began to deal in fine stock, and bought a thoroughbred Holstein bull, and now owns quite a num- ber of heifers, calves, etc. Mr. Murphy is the father of three sons and four daughters: MoUie (wife of William Stephens), Carrie (a young lady). Alma (a girl of ten years), Edward, Jesse (a young man), and John D. (fourteen years of age). Mr. Murphy is a self- made man, and is considered one of the most enterprising and substantial farmers of Buchanan Township. Frank P. Murray, editor and publisher of the Greencastle In- dependent, is a native of Shelby County, Mo., where he was born in 1854, and is a son of James F. and Ann J. (Shannon) Mur- ray, natives of Philadelphia, Penn., where they were reared and married, and in 1836 removed to Marion County, Mo. In a few years after, they went to Shelby County, where they spent the remainder of their lives, the father dying in 1885, at the age of seventy-six, and the mother in 1887, aged seventy-four. When young, Mr. Murray learned the printer's trade, which he fol- lowed until he went west, but after that lived on a farm, and for some years taught school. For over thirty consecutive years he S68 BlOGftAtHlCAL APPENDIX. held the office of justice of the peace. He was of Scotch origin, and of the old Quaker family, but, after his removal west, he united with the Methodist Church. The mother was of Irish parentage, and belonged to the Presbyterian Church all her life. Her father. Dr. W. L., lost his life in the Florida War. Our subject spent his youth at home, and, there being then no facili- ties for receiving an education, he was obliged to wait until he could become educated at his own expense after reaching man- hood. In 1881 he came to Greencastle, and has since made his home in Sullivan County. In 1883 he and Dr. W. L. Taylor purchased the Greencastle Independent, but the latter withdrew after a time, and our subject has now assumed the sole manage- ment of the paper. In 1882 he was united in marriage to Miss Ettie, daughter of Adam B. and Exonia Miller, by whom he has had one son, Sylvester Gail. Mr. Murray is a Republican, and the first president he voted for was James A. Garfield. John N. Opel is a son of W. and Anna (Fisher) Opel, natives of Bavaria, Germany, born in 1794 and 1809, respectively. Pre- vious to his marriage with Miss Fisher, Mr. Opel was married to Margaret Zimmerman, by whom he had five children. To his second marriage four sons and two daughters were born. In 1852 the family started for America, the journey occupying ninety days. Having landed at New York, they immediately went to Decatur County, Ind., but during their later years the parents came to Sul- livan County, Mo., and spent their last days with the subject of this sketch. The father died in 1879 and the mother in 1887. Mr. Opel was a farmer by occupation. Previous to the late war he was a Democrat, but afterward became identified with the Repub- lican party. John N. was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1843, and there spent his childhood upon a farm. After coming to Amer- ica he received but a poor education on account of the few oppor- tunities offered in that line. In 1861 he enlisted in Company G, Seventh Indiana Infantry, and participated in the battles at Winchester, Port Republic, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettys- burg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-House, siege of Peters- burg and Yellow Tavern. At the battle of Port Republic he received a life injury in the right elbow, for which he draws a pension. The first day of the battle of the Wilderness he cap- tured a rebel flag, for which he was awarded a medal by Con- gress. After three years' service he returned home, and in 1867 was united in marriage to Miss Phoebe A., daughter of Benjamin Sloan. Mrs. Opel was born in Decatur County, Ind., in 1845, and is the mother of six children: Bertha F., Laura J., Anna B., Bffie P., Benjamin L. and Mary C. Mr. Opel is a stanch Republican in politics, and one of the respected and well-to-do SULLIVAN COUNTY. 869 farmer citizens of the township. As the fruit of his industry and economy he now has 220 acres of good land, well cultivated and improved. In 1882 a post-office was established on his land, which was named in his honor, and of which he has since been postmaster. Egbert C. Ostrom, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Town- ship, was born in Albany County, N. Y., April 18, 1831. His parents were John and Sarah (Vanvaltenburg) Ostrom, also natives of the same State. The former was born in Dutchess County, June 19, 1773. The latter was born in Albany County, April 17, 1798. John Ostrom was twice married, losing his first wife in Canada. Shortly after his first marriage he moved to Canada, and settled in a locality whose only inhabitants were Indians and the wild beasts of the forest, and there cleared and improved a farm in that cold and heavily timbered region ; but during the War of 1812 he was compelled to sacrifice his home, or become a British soldier. He chose the former, and con- veyed his children to a place of safety, and, while trying to secure some of his personal effects, came near being captured and pressed into the British service, but, mounting a fleet horse, soon made good his escape. He returned to his native State, where he spent the remainder of his life as a shoemaker and farmer. He died in April, 1846, in the county and near the place of his birth, being nearly seventy-three years old. His ancestors were of Holland stock. The mother died in Henry County, 111., in the month of May, 1880, being in her eighty-third year, and for over forty years of her life was a member of the Baptist Church. Our subject was deprived of educational advantages in his youth, and was compelled to battle for himself in the world at the tender age of eleven, and worked on a farm for his board and clothes until he became seventeen years of age, when he began to receive wages, and the first money he received he paid for the rental of two rooms, in which his mothej- lived. In 1848 he and the family (consisting of his mother and one younger brother) moved to Warren County, 111., where, in 1857, he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Abigail McGahey, formerly of Kentucky. Mrs. Ostrom was a native of Indiana, and the union was blessed with seven children, six of whom are living: David, Arminda, Ann (wife of William Collumber), Seth (of Oregon), Clark (of Gentry County, Mo.), Clara (of Henry County, 111., where she was reared by a relative, having been left an orphan when but an infant at her mother's death, which occurred July 22, 1869). In 1863 Mr. Ostrom removed to Sullivan County, Mo., where he located about four miles south of Green City on land he had entered in 1856, being 870 BIOOEAPHICAL APPENDIX. then unmarried, and, after combating long and hard with ignor- ance and adversity, is now the owner of a good farm of 130 acres, being the result of his own efforts, put forth under the guiding hand of a wise and merciful Creator. In the year 1864 he served in Company C, Missouri Home Guards. His first presidential vote was cast for Franklin Pierce, but, soon changing his polit- ical views, cast his next presideintial vote for John C. Fremont,, and has remained with the Eepublican party until the last few years, when he took strong grounds for temperance, and has worked for the total extermination of the rum power, and has a strong desire to live until that end is accomplished. Eeligioiisly the subject of the above sketch is a United Brethren, and has been an official member for the last seventeen years. Charles T. Overstreet was born in Franklin County, Va., May 17, 1848, and is a son of JubalJ. and Amanda M. V. (Wade) Overstreet, also natives of Virginia. The family moved to Indi- ana in the fall of 1848, and located in Henry County, where they lived about five years. In 1853 they went to Putnam County, Mo., where Mr. Overstreet bought land and improved a farm, and where the family still resides. Mr. Overstreet died June 23) 1885. C. T. was reared on his father's farm in Putnam County, and received a good education at the common schools of that neighborhood. At the age of twenty he began to teach in Putnam County, which occupation he continued for several terms. September 8, 1867, he was married in Putnam County to Miss Melissa G. Martin, a native of Sullivan County, but reared in Illinois, and a daughter of William H. Martin. After his mar- riage Mr. Overstreet farmed in Putnam County until 1870, when he bought a farm in Clay Township, Sullivan County. He moved upon his present farm in 1883, which consists of 280 acres of good land in the home place, and twenty acres of timber in an- other tract. He devotes 180 acres of his land to pasturage and 80 acres to fields. Mr. Overstreet is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to Putnam Lodge, No. 190. Himself and wife a/e members of the Christian Church, and active workers in the temperance cause. They have a family of eight children: Charles A., Thomas M., Amanda V.) Alice M., Benjamin F., Gil- bert W., Alder ena M., John W. and Mary N. James Parkey is a son of Peter and Martha (Linville) Parkey, and was born in Pulaski County, Ky., in 1848. The father was of German descent, and born in Kentucky, in 1816. He was a farmer by occupation, and after his marriage lived in his native State until 1854, when he located in Polk Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., and farmed upon 160 acres of land now owned by Will- iam Lawrence, In 1878 be sold his farm, and moved to Denton SULLIVAN OOUNTy. 871 County, Tex., where he now resides. Mr. Parkey has been twice married, his second wife being Lydia (Baker) Parkey, who still lives. The mother of our subject was born in Kentucky, and died in 1852. She was the mother of six children, of whom James was the fifth. He was only five years old when brought to Sullivan County, and made his home with his father until twenty-six years of age. In J una, 1874, he married Miss Sarah Whiteaker, daughter of Jesse Whiteaker. Mrs. Parkey was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1855, and is the mother of three chil- dren: Martha, Ader and Edith Logan. After his marriage Mr. Parkey settled near the old homestead, and in 1881 purchased 410 acres of land in Sections 16 and 17, Township 62, Eange 19, where he has since resided. He is interested in stock raising, owning about eighty head of stock. He is a substantial and enterprising citizen, and in 1883 erected a handsome dwelling at a cost of $1,000. In politics he is a Eepublican, but cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley in 1872. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. Judge Addison Payne was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1830, and is a son of Reuben and Sarah (Norman) Payne. The father was of German-Irish and Scotch ancestry, and born in Sul- livan County, East Tenn., in 1805. He was a farmer by occupation. The grandfather of Judge Payne, Daniel, was a native of Vir- ginia, and after residing in Tennessee moved to Monroe County, Ky., where he died. Reuben was thirteen years of age when he accompanied his parents to Kentucky, where he was reared, mar- ried, and where he died in 1855. fie was a well-to-do man, and owned about 330 acres of land at the time of his decease. His wife, Sarah (Norman) Payne, was born in North Carolina, in 1811, and of German and Irish descent. She was brought to Monroe County, Ky., when two years old, and, having come to Sullivan County, Mo., in 1866, died in this county in March, 1872. Addison Payne was the second child and eldest son of a fam- ily of eight children, all of whom lived to maturity. He was edu- cated in a log-cabin school-house, and lived with his parents until over twenty years of age. . In 1850 he was united in marriage to Miss America V. Bradburn, who was born in Simpson County, Ky., in 1834, and was a daughter of William Bradburn. Of this union there are two living children: Reuben (county court clerk), and Martha (wife of John S. Page). In 1856 Mr. Payne left his native State, and immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., locating upon the farm now owned by S. McCuUough, which he rented one year. The following year he purchased 320 acres in Section 29, Township 63, Range 19, where he has since resided. In May, 1857, Mr. Payne lost his wife, and in December of the same 872 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. year wedded Amanda Hill, nee Braden, daughter of William Braden. Mrs. Payne was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1833, and is the mother of eight living children: Manerva J. (wife of James C. Strode), Daniel, Addison, John, Ellen (wife of Samuel T. Kelley), James, Grandison and America. Although Mr, Payne began life a poor young man he has by steady industry and close application to business, combined with shrewd manage- ment, become the owner of 2,700 acres of land. He owns the largest single tract of land in the county, consisting of 2,033 acres in the home farm. He also owns property elsewhere. His land is well improved and cultivated, and the family resides in a fine house, surrounded by good outbuildings and barns. The Judge is the largest land holder in Polk Township, and one of the largest in the county. He is a prominent stockholder, and keeps from 250 to 400 head of stock per annum. In politics the Judge is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, in 1852. He served at one time as constable of Monroe County, Ky., and was also elected judge of Sullivan County, Mo. He is a Knight Templar and a member of the G. A. B. Tn August, 1864, he enlisted in Company E, Forty-fourth Kegiment, Mis- souri Volunteer Infantry, and served one year and fifteen days, participating in the battles of Spanish Fort and the siege of Mobile. He received his discharge at St. Louis, August 16, 1865. Judge Payne is one of the highly respected men of the county, and one of its most enterprising and piiblic-spirited citizens. He is a director of the First National Bank, of Milan. Mrs. Payne is a member of the Christian Church. Caleb Payne is a native of Monroe County, Ky., was born in 1844, and is a son of Reuben and Sarah (Norman) Payne [see sketch of Judge Addison Paynej. Caleb was the ninth child of a family of twelve, and received but a limited education at the common schools of the vicinity in which he lived. He was but eleven years of age at the death of his father, and when fourteen left his native State, and came to Sullivan County with his brother, John, now a resident of Madison, Neb. After arriving at Missouri he spent a year farming and attending school, and then clerked eighteen months for Lane & McClanahan. In the spring of 1862 he went to Denver City, Colo., with a herd of cattle, the journey occupying the time between May 10 and August 3. He remained West three years engaged in stock dealing and mining. In 1865 he returned to' Nebraska City, Neb., and in 1866 to Milan, and the following year returned to his birthplace, where he spent one year. In 1868 he again came to Milan, and in 1869 went to Kentucky returning with his sister. In 1870 he traded in cattle at St. Louis, and the following year established £|, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 873 livery stable, in which he was interested until 1874. During that year he engaged in business in Scottsville, and in the fall was united in marriage to Miss Martha E. Lane, daughter of Thomas Lane, a pioneer settler of Sullivan County. Mrs. Payne was born in Sullivan County in 1853, and is the mother of three children: Norman, Nova and Harry C. In the fall of 1875 he returned to Sullivan County, and purchased a farm of 120 acres, upon which he farmed and speculated in stpck, hogs and cattle. In 1878 he was elected as collector of Sullivan County, to which office he was re-elected in 1880, but in 1881 was deprived of his office by the law of township organization coming into effect. Since 1881 he has dealt in horses, real estate and paper, and is one of the substantial men of the town owning three business houses in Milan, two dwelling houses and 250 acres of land. He is one of the oldest business men of Milan, and greatly interested in all laudable public enterprises. May 12, 1887, he lost about $1,500 by fire, but is now erecting a brick two-story business house, 20x80 feet, adjoining the one burned by fire, giving him two substantial buildings in the block. In politics he is a Dem- ocrat, and in Masonry a member of the Chapter. Harmon B. Payne was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1849, and is a son of Enoch and Nancy (Frazier) Payne. The father was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1822, and is a son of Daniel and Martha Payne, who were natives of Virginia and Tennessee, born in 1780 and 1788, and died in 1858 and 1849, respectively. They moved to Monroe County, Ky., in 1818. Enoch was mar- ried in 1844, and located in Monroe County, where he lived until 1883, with the exception of nineteen years spent in Barren County, Ky. In 1883 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., and bought 148 acres of land in Polk Township where he resided six months, and then came to Milan where he has since resided. At the age of nineteen Mr. Payne began to teach, but after six terms of school life engaged in farming, which occupation he has since followed, with the exception of a year spent in merchandis- ing in Barren County, at Nobob. He is a Democrat, and while in Barren County served as justice of the peace for four years. Himself and wife are members of the Christian Church. Mrs. Payne (the mother of Harmon B.) was born in 1826, in Monroe County, Ky., and is the mother of twelve children, ten of whom are living: Mary Jane, John P., Harmon B., Letha E., Martha E., Jesse T., George W., Joseph H., Nannie B. and Isaphenia E. Harmon B., our immediate subject, was educated at the district schools of his native country and lived with his parents, making himself useful upon the farm until twenty years of age. After leaving the parental roof he -vvept to Cass County, Mo., where he ?5 874 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. resided one year. In 1870 lie came to Sullivan County, Mo., and August 22, 1872, married Miss Isaphenia, daughter of Samuel Page. This lady was born in Monroe Oounty, Ky., in 1854, and has borne five children: Thomas, Nannie, Ida, Lulu and Frank. In 1876 Mr. Payne bought twenty acres of land, where he has since resided. To his original purchase he has constantly added land, until he now owns 192 acres, all the result of his own indus- try and good management. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for H. Greeley in 1872. He is a Mason of the Eoyal Arch Degree, and for the past eighteen months has been clerk of the Christian Church, of which himself and wife are members. Reuben Payne, farmer and clerk of the county court of Sulli- van County, was born October 22, 1851, in Monroe County, Ky. His father is Addison Payne, who belongs to a family well-known in the United States ever since before the Revolutionary War. His mother's maiden name was America Bradburn, whose family history in this country also antedates the War of the Revolution. When the subject of this sketch was five years old his parents moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where both they and he have ever since remained. Reuben Payne received only a common-school education, and since completing that education has followed the occupation of a farmer until elected, in 1886, to the office of county court clerk. He was married, March 8, 1874, to Miss Sarah D. Page, a daughter of Reuben and Minerva Page, for- merly of Monroe County, Ky. Mr. and Mrs. Payne are the parents of six children, five of whom are living. Their names are as fol- lows: Clara L., born January 9, 1875; Addison, born April 15, 1876; Orizaba, born December 15, 1877, and died September 9, 1878; Bradburn, born October 14, 1879; John, born September 5, 1882; and Dennis, born August 18, 1884. Hanson M. Peterson was born in Lewis County, Va. (now West Yirginia), in 1832, and is the eighth of a family of twelve children born to William B. and Margaret (Lowther) Peterson, natives of Pendleton County and Harrison County, Va., born in 1794 and 1796, respectively. When young the father went to Harrison County, where he was married. When that county was divided he lived in that portion named Lewis County. He was one of the first grand jury to meet in that county, and his father one of the first members of the oounty court. William B. Peterson was a farmer by occupation, and was a captain of a company of militia. In politics he was a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for James Monroe. Mrs. Peterson died in 1855, and Mr. Peterson subsequently made his home with his son, Hanson, at whose residence he died in Sullivan SULLIVAN COUNTY. 875 County, in the year 1874. Hanson M. was reared upon his father's farm, and educated at a primitive log school-house in the neighborhood. His early education was very meager as he did not attend school more than fourteen months in all, but by steady and persistent application to books, without the aid of an instructor, he grew in knowledge, and at the age of sixteen began to teach subscription schools. Since that time his main occupa- tion has been that of teaching. With the exception of five, he has taught every winter since the age of sixteen, and has also taught through summer sessions. In 1855 he married Mary J. Koach, who was born in Eockbridge County, Va., in 1834. Her father, William B., was the proprietor of a hotel at the great natural bridge. During his residence in Virginia Mr. Peterson served six years as magistrate and ex officio member of the county court. He came to Sullivan County in 1869, and in 1872 was made superintendent of the schools of the county, and subsequently school commissioner. For four years he was principal of the Milan schools, and then resigned. He is one of the most successful teachers of the county, and is a well-to-do citizen, owning 340 acres of good land which he has accumulated principally through his own hard work and economy. He is a Democrat in politics and is a member of the K. of P. Him- self and wife are members of the Methodist Church South, and to their union eight children have been born: Clara v., Charles W. (deceased), Mary B. (deceased), Anna L., John M., Lewis S., Hanson M. and Georgia S. The eldest daughter is superintendent of school in Kittitass County, Wash. Ter., and Anna L., John M. and Lewis S. are teachers. Since penning this sketch John M. has died. Henry Pfeiffer, one of the prominent farmers and stock raisers of Sullivan County, was born in Switzerland in 1823, and is a son of Casper and Fannie (Beglinger) Pfeiffer, natives of the same country, born in 1788 and 1796, respectively, and married in 1817. In 1854 they immigrated to the United States, and spent the first year in Illinois, afterward coming to Sullivan County, where they spent the remainder of their lives. The father died in 1867 and the mother in 1862. Mr. PfeifEer was employed in a factory while in Switzerland, where he colored and stamped cloth. Our subject received a common-school education, and remained at home until he became eighteen years old, when he went to Germany, Austria and France, but in 1848 returned to the United States, went to Illinois, and was there married in 1853 to Miss Julia, daughter of George and Susan Eister. Mr. and Mrs. Pfeiffer are the parents of fifteen children, twelve of whom are living, two residing in Iowa; they are 876 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. Fannie and Eosa; the others are all living in Sullivan County: Susan, Julian, Henry, Mary, Anna, Eosy, Amelia, Samuel,. Martha, Carlysle, Bertha Louisa. Our subject removed to Illinois in 1855, after that going to Sullivan County, where he located one mile east of where Green City now is, the .town hav- ing been laid off on his land. He has since made his home where he first located, and is now the owner of 550 acres in Sullivan County, and, also, some land in Iowa, all of which is the result of his own labor and economy. In politics he is strictly independent, and votes for men and principles without regard to party. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Eeformed Church. His wife is a member of the Lutheran Church, and is a native of Germany. Our subject was one of the early pioneers of Sullivan County, and has endured all the trials and hardships incident to pioneer life, but being a thorough and active business man, has kept pace with the progress of civilization in that part of the country, and is now one of the most influential men of the township. Col. Oliver P. Phillips, one of the pioneers of Sullivan County, is a native of Kentucky, in which State he was born in 1816, and is a son of George M. and Margaret (Johnson) Phil- lips, natives of Virginia, and born in 1764 and 1766, respectively. They were married in 1794, and in 1800 sought a new home, locating in Mercer County, Ky., where they spent the remainder of their lives. Both were members of the Baptist Church, and they died in July, 1838, and April, 1837, respectively. Mr. Phil- lips was a son of Jeremiah Phillips, a native of England. Both he and his son, George M., served in the war for independence, where the former received a wound in the knee during the battle of the Brandywine, from the effects of which he died many years after. George M. was present at the surrender at Yorktown. Our sub- ject received a common-school education, and remained at home until the age of twenty, then came to Howard County, Mo., and the year following went to Linn County. In 1838 he was mar- ried, in Howard County, to Miss Eliza, daughter of Daniel and Penelope Lay, formerly of Kentucky, but who removed to Mis- souri in 1816. Mr. and Mrs. Phillips had twelve children, only two of whom are living: Margaret, wife of David Waterfield, of Barton County, and John P. Mrs. Phillips died in 1854, and the following year our subject married. Miss Maria C, daughter of Marshall B. and Martha Witter. To this union eight children were born, half of that number being alive at present: Eliza, wife of G. W. Meadows, of Kansas; Maria Louisa, wife of Wil- bur McDonald; Hattie, wife of Edward Jones, and Cora. Mr. Phillips' first visit to what is now Sullivan County was in 1837, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 877 when there was but one settlement within its limits. He is, per- haps, the only man now living who was in the county at that early date. The first and only screech of a wild panther which he ever heard was at the present site of Milan. In 1838 he was one of a body of troops, organized in what is now Linn County, to proceed against the Indians, whom they drove to the northern part of the county. Mr. Phillips remained a citizen of Linn County until 1852, when he removed to Milan, where he was engaged in the grocery business until 1853, when he was made deputy sheriff, which position he occupied until 1856. At the same time he was town commissioner and jailer. In 1860 he was elected sheriff of Sullivan County, and two years later was re-elected to the same office, thus serving two terms. In Janu- ary, 1862, he joined the Union army as captain of Company C, First Missouri State Militia Cavalry, and operated throughout Northern Missouri until August, 1862, when he resigned on account of disability. After his return he was commissioned as colonel to raise a regiment for home protection, and remained at the head of this regiment until the close of hostilities. Since that time he has been principally engaged in farming, having located in Penn Township in 1864, and for about five years has been a resident of Greencastle, where he is living a retired life. He was reared a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Harrison, but since the war has joined the Democratic ranks. Formerly he was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and the I. O. O. F., and a member of the G. A. E. Mrs. Phil- lips is a Methodist, and he is a Universalist. John Pickens, a farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Ten- nessee, and was born in Sullivan County, of that State, April 2, 1880. His father, John Pickens, was a native of the same State and county, and his mother, Nancy (Proffitt) Pickens, was a native of Carter County, Tenn. This lady died in that State in 1853. Our subject grew to manhood in his native county upon a farm, and was married, in the same county, to Emma E. Varner, a native of Sullivan County, Tenn. Mr. Pickens moved from Tennessee to Sullivan County, Mo., in the fall of 1855, traveling with a team, and being thirty-five days on the road. He spent the first winter in Adair County, and the following spring settled on the farm upon which he now lives, and which he bought when the land was in a raw state, aiad which he has since improved. The farm now consists of 180 acres of mostly bottom land, fairly improved. August 6, 1864, Mr. Pickens enlisted in the Thirty-ninth Missouri Infantry, where he served one year, being mustered out July 19, 1865. He participated in the Centralia massacre, and 155 of his regiment surrendered and BIOGBAPHlCAL APtENDlS. e shot througli the head ; our subject succeeded, however, in cing his escape. Mr. Pickens was injured by a rupture while ervice, when he was assisting in raising a block-house. He man of fine physique, standing six feet and three inches, well portioned, and weighing 200 pounds. He has often lifted pounds by main strength, and by lung test has raised 375 nds. Mr. Pickens has heen twice married, and was united to present wife in Sullivan County, September 20, 1861. This f, formerly Mrs. Eliza Morelock, was born in Kentucky, near head of the Cumberland Eiver. He is the father of nty children — eleven sons and nine daughters in all — eight s and one daughter of whom were the children of his first 3. Fifteen of his children are still living. Mr. Pickens was reat hunter in his early days, which he delights to recall. He often killed three deer in one day, and frequently shot wild ieys from his kitchen window. Edwin R. Pierce, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Town- p, was born in Clinton County, N. Y., in 1835, and is a son of OS and Laura (McArthur) Pierce. The father was a native Hartford, Conn., where he lived until about twenty-two years ige, when he came to New York, where he was married, and ited in Clinton County, spending the remainder of his days as irmer. He served a short time in the War of 1812 as a team- •. He died in 1855. The mother was of Scotch descent, and i in 1865. Both she and her husband were Baptists. Our ject was reared at home, and received but a meagre educa- 1, in all not amounting to more than eighteen months, and t when he was quite young. In 1857 he married Miss Mary, ighter of Cyrus and Jane A. Kimberly, a native of New York. , Pierce some years after removed to Western New York, 3re he remained until 1876, and then came to Sullivan County [ located in Union Township, fourteen miles east of Milan, ive he has a fine farm of 280 acres and 20 acres of timber. inherited a small portion of his property, but the greater part he result of his own diligence and good management. He made farming and stock raising his sole occupation during . He has always been a Republican, and cast his first presi- itial vote for John C. Fremont in 1856. Mrs. Pierce died in 3ember, 1886. Prof. B. W. Pierce, B. S., president of the Green City Col- s, and author of "Outline Analysis of Civil Government in the Lted States," is a native of Morgan County, Ohio, where he ! born August 28, 1856, and is the sixth child of the seven s and two daughters of Zachariah and Sarah A. (Taylor) rce, who are also natives of the same county, where they still SULLIVAN COUNTY. 879 reside, and wliere they have thus far spent their entire lives. They were born in 1818 and 1826, respectively, and reared in the wilds of Morgan County, with no educational advantages save those offered by the common country schools. Both are mem- bers of the Christian Church. Mr. Pierce has made farming his life-long occupation, and is one of the well-to-do farmers of the county. His father, George Pierce, was a Pennsylvanian by birth, of Dutch and Irish origin. He died in Morgan County, Ohio, in 1867. His father-in-law (Philips), the great-grand- father of our subject, was a volunteer in the War of 1812, in which he was wounded for life in the battle of Lundy's Lane. The Professor remained at home, laboring upon bhe farm until he was seventeen years of age. His opportunites for receiving an education were limited to the common country schools, which he attended during the winter, but his home influence was of such a moral and industrious nature that it has ever since character- ized his actions. He applied himself so assiduously to his stud- ies, during the short time available for that purpose, that, at the early age of seventeen, he was a capable and competent teachei", and at that age began to teach in the winter, and in the summer attended the National Normal School, from which institution he graduated with high honors in July, 1881, being one of a class of 65. He then taught for several years in Warren County, Ohio, after which he engaged in the book business, traveling in several of the Southern and Eastern States. In the winter. of 1884-85 he taught the public school at Hemlock, in Perry County, Ohio, and in the fall of the latter year came to Green City ajnd assumed charge of the college at that place, which posi- tion he has since held with distinction and credit to himself. As an educator Prof. Pierce has but few peers in North Missouri, and under his supervision the school has made rapid and contin- ued progress, and now bids fair to soon become one of the fore- most seats of learning in North Missouri. In 1887 the Professor completed a book entitled " Outline Analysis of Civil Govern- ment in the United States," a work which purports to give a thor- ough outline and complete analysis of that subject, and one which will soon occupy a place in the library of nearly every intelligent family in that part of the State. February 16, 1879, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary E., daughter of Ezekiah and Catharine E. Springer, of Perry County, Ohio, by whom he has had three sons and one daughter: Franklin Earl, Clarence Syl- van, Heber and Bertha May. Both he and wife are members and active workers in the Christian Church. Solomon Poole was born in London, England, in 1827, and is a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Trat) Poole, natives of England, I BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. . born in 1797 and 1801, respectively. The father was a :chant, and in 1849 left his native country, and immigrated to ;ersoll Coanty, Canada, where he spent the remainder of his . He died in 1873, and his wife in 1858. She was the iher of five children, of whom our subject is the third. Solo- a was educated in England, and at the age of sixteen began to •k at the carpenter's trade, which he followed sixteen or seven- a years. He accompanied his parents to Canada, and in 1852 it to Detroit, Mich., and a year later came to Milan, Sulli- . Co., Mo., where, in 1855, he married Miss Margaret Webb, ative of Monroe County, Ky., born February 14, 1831, and a ighter of Washington Webb. Of this union there are seven ng children; John, Theophilus, Cordelia (wife of Samuel )mer), Byron, Ada, Alfred and Edward (twins). Mr. Poole 'ked at his trade until 1862, and in February of that year, as was a strong Union man, he enlisted in Company C, First 3souri State Militia, and served ten months as sergeant. He i discharged at Sedalia, Mo. In 1864 he was elected county isurer of Sullivan County, and served four years. In May, 19, he established a general store in Milan, and now carries a t-class stock of boots, shoes, groceries, etc., and is one of the cessfnl business men of the town. In politics he is a Bepub- tn. Adam S. Porter, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Albe- [•le County, Va., December 6, 1815, and is a son of Peter Por- a native of Maryland. When a lad of seven years Peter went Virginia, with his father, Adam Porter. Adam Porter was a ive of Maryland, and served in the Revolutionary War four years, . was in the battle of Yorktown. He afterward moved to, and led in Virginia, where he died. Peter Porter served in the r of 1812 as lieutenant, and received for his services a land •rant of 160 acres of land. He was married in Virginia to Ann pkins, a native of that State, and the mother of our subject. Porter moved to Missouri, in 1843, and settled first in Char- i County, and three years later in Sullivan County, where he i in 1858. Adam S. Porter, our immediate subject, was red and educated in Virginia, and in 1843, accompanied his ents to Missouri, living in Chariton County. In 1846 he 3red 480 acres of land in Sullivan County^ where he now des. At that time the country was but sparsely settled, and 1 game and beasts abundant. Turkeys and deer were very itiful, and in those days a deer could be purchased for from 75 fcs to $1. Mr. Porter now owns 280 acres of the land he orig- ly entered, 240 of which are fenced and well cultivated, and n which is a good house and fair stables. Mr. Porter was SULLIVAN COUNTt. 881 married in SulliTan County, in March, 1863, to Miss Julia Ann Cheighn, a native of Carroll County, Mo., and to this union twelve children have been born, two of whom are married; Mary E. (wife of Samuel Dalzell of Wyoming), Virginia L. (wife of A. E. Wattenbarger of Sullivan County), Margaret E., Martha C, Thomas J., Peter P., Eesin E., Ann Isabella, Adam A., Sarah J., C. L., Claudius and William Hopkins. Mrs. Porter is a worthy member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Judge John G. Eake, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Township, was born in New Jersey, in 1828, and is a son of Jacob and Amy (Fulper) Eake, natives of the same State, and born in 1800. There they passed their youth, and were married in 1821. They then moved to Dearborn County, Ind., and from there to Illinois in 1853, afterward going to Lee County, Iowa, where the father died about 1872. He was of German ancestry, and in early life had been a teacher, but most of his life was spent in farming. He also held several township offices. The mother is still living at Browning, and is a member of the Chris- tian Church. Our subject was reared under the parental roof, receiving but a very limited common-school education, and as his parents were poor, was compelled to assist in the support of the family when about fourteen years old. He passed most of his time as an employe on a farm until he became of age. In 1856 he married Miss Minerva, daughter of Moses and Susan Wallace, formerly of Tennessee. Mrs. Eake is a native of Illi- nois, and to this union three children were born: GeoVge W. (of Washington Territory), Mary Alice and John Albert. In 1858 Mr. Eake removed to Sullivan County, and located seven miles southwest of Greencastle, where he owns 400 acres of land, and twenty acres of timber. This farm is well improved, and under a good state of cultivation, making one of the most valuable farms in this county. Mr. Eake went to California in 1852, where he spent two years teaming and mining. In that way he obtained sufficient means to purchase his home. He is in all respects a self-made man, and has the satisfaction of feeling that his prop- erty is due to his own exertion and business ability. During the war he served in the Enrolled Missouri Militia under Capt. Doze. In 1886 he was elected county judge by a district which two years before gave a -large Eepublican majority, and has since held that office, giving general satisfaction as an officer of public trust. He has been a Democrat all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, while in California. He once belonged to the I. O. O. F. Joseph E. Eeed, justice of the peace, was born in Buncombe County, N. C, October 1, 1831. His father, Maj. E. Eeed, 882 teioGKAtaicAL appeSdis. was born in Eowan County, N. C, in 1801, and reared in Bun- combe County, where he married Elizabeth Gallmore, a native of Haywood County, N. C. Maj. E. E,eed served as justice of Rowan County for a number of years, and was also deputy sheriff and major of the militia. The family moved to Missouri, in 1860, where Mr. Eeed improved a farm in Jackson Township, Sullivan County. He lost his wife previous to his removal from North Carolina, and became a victim of death himself, October 17, 1865. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in his native county, and was there married January 3, 1856, to Miss Harriet Isabella Brevard, daughter of James Brevard, a native of Buncombe County, N. C, where Mrs. Keed was also born. Previous to his marriage, and for about eighteen months after, Mr. Reed served as deputy sheriff of Rowan County. He came to Missouri with his own and his father's family in 1860, and located in Clay Township, Sullivan County, where he bought and settled upon the farm where he now resides. He purchased eighty acres of land in its raw condition in 1866, which he has since improved, and has later increased his possessions to 266 acres, all fenced, and over 200 improved and cultivated. He lives in a comfortable one-and-a-half story house, surrounded by a small orchard and good outbuildings. He was first elected justice of the peace during the war, but has since been re-elected, and is now serving his fourth term of office, having been again re-elected in March, 1887. He is a genial gentleman, and him- self and wife are worthy members of the Missionary Baptist Church. They have a family of eight children: J. Thomas (married and living in Mercer County), James, Mahala, Naomi, Joseph, Jane, Vance and Ella. Four of the children belong to the Missionary Baptist Church and one to the Methodist. William M. Reger was born in Madison County, Ind., Octo- ber 7, 1846. His father, Saul Reger, and his mother, Mary (Busby) Reger, were natives of Virginia. Mr. Reger \settled in Madison County, Ind., during the early history of that\ county, and there improved a farm in the midst of the wilderness. He located in Sullivan County, Mo., about 1856, and improved two or three farms. His death occurred about 1864. William M. Reger was reared and educated in Sullivan County, and was here married in 1869 to Miss Martha Mairs, a native of Virginia, who died February 5, 1881. After his marriage Mr. Reger settled upon the place where he now resides, which he has since improved, and which contains 600 acres of land, 560 in one tract, well cleared and improved. He has a good one-story house, a good large barn, stock scales, smoke house, and, in fact, has a farm well equipped for farming and stock raising, in which SULLIVAN COUNTY. 883 occupations he has been engaged ever since his residence upon his present place, although he does not handle as much stock now as he formerly did. To his first wife four children were born : Bruce, Gilbert, Shirley and Minnie Blanche. Mr. Eeger married his second wife in Sullivan County, in the summer of 1886. This lady's name before marriage was Siddie McCallister, daughter of Judge Thomas McCallister, of Sullivan County. To this union one child has been born^ — Maud Ammel. Mr. and Mrs. Eeger are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Eeger is a Eepublican, and a man of wonderful energy and activity, who well deserves his hard-earned success. Orra M. Eeger is a son of Eev. Solomon Eeger, a native of Indiana. The father was reared and married in his native State, and reared a family of nine children. After the death of his first wife he married the mother of Orra M., whose maiden name was Martha Bushy, and by whom he had four sons and one daughter. After living in Indiana until about 1849 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he bought a claim and spent the remainder of his life. His chief occupation was that of farming although he was also a local preacher. In politics he was a Eepublican. Orra M. was the youngest child of Mr. Eeger, and was born in Sullivan County in 1864. He received a good education at the common schools of the neighborhood, and also attended the Gem City Business College, at Quincy, 111. After his return home he was married, in 1882, to Cora A. Schrock, daughter of Isaac Schrock, by whom one child has been born — Ethel Burns Eeger. Mr. Eeger has spent his life in Sullivan County, and is well known as an industrious, prosperous and well-to-do young farmer and stock raiser. As a farmer he is very successful, and owns a fine farm of 575 acres of good land. Politically he is a Eepublican. He is a public-spirited citizen, and a liberal supporter of all worthy enterprises in behalf of the advancement of the county. John P. S. Eoberts, M. D., was born in Gallia County, Ohio, April 11, 1824, and is a son of Peter J. L. and Mary (Sweet) Eoberts, natives of Massachusetts. The family located in Gallia County, Ohio, in 1818, where the parents both died. Mr. Eoberts served in the War of 1812, and was one of the body- guard of Gen. Harrison. John P. S. passed his youth in his native county, and, after attaining his majority, began to study medicine with Dr. N. B. Sisson, of Barter, Ohio. He attended lectures at the Starling Medical College in Columbus, and gradu- ated from that institution about 1847. He had practiced with Dr. Sisson before attending the lectures, and, after completing his studies, located at Great Bend, Meigs Co., Ohio, where he prac- 884 BIOGKAtHICAL APPENDIX. ticed about two years. He then followed his profession in Spencer, Eoane Co., W. Va., three years, during which time he was married to Miss Margaret McWhorter, daughter of Dr. Fields McWhorter, July 3, 1853. In April, 1854, he came to Missouri, and settled upon his present location. Although he entered land and improved a farm he continued to practice medi- cine until quite recently. He has a farm of about 240 acres now, although he has given his children some of his property ; 200 acres of his land are well fenced and improved, and he has a good one-and-a-half -story residence. His practice extended over a large and rough territory, as at the time he came to Sullivan County there were but three physicians in the same. He has reared a family of two sons and three daughters: Margaret E. (wife of E. Calhoun), Mary L. (wife of Virgil Hurst), Minnie, George M. and John C. Dr. B. P. Eoberts, of. the firm of Ferrell & Roberts, physicians and surgeons at Green City, is a native of Meigs County, Ohio, where he was born in 1849. He is a son of Dr. J. F. and Mary (Hassey) Eoberts. The father was a native of Culpeper County, Va., and was born in 1824, but when a young man went to Ohio, where he was married about 1846, and remained until 1859, when he removed to Afton, Iowa, and in 1866 removed to Brook- field, Mo. In 1882 he went to Centralia, 111., where he has since been engaged in the drug business in connection with his prac- tice. At the age of twenty-two Dr. Eoberts, Sr., graduated from the Starling Medical College, of Columbus, Ohio, and has been very successfully practicing his profession, both financially and practically. He was medical examiner in Iowa during the war. Mrs. Eoberts was born in New York in 1829, soon after her parents' immigration there from Ireland, their native country. Our subject, in youth, received a good education, mainly at Brookfield and Hannibal, Mo., and graduated from Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Quincy, 111., in 1867, and in 1870, after a four years' course, graduated from Eush Medical College, in Chicago, and the year following began the practice of medicine at Atlanta, Macon Co., Mo. Soon afterward he returned to Brookfield, where he engaged in the drug business in connection with his practice until 1874, when he spent about one year as a traveling salesman for a St. Joseph drug firm. In 1876 he removed to Pennville, where he continued his practice until 1885, when he removed to Branford, Pla. In 1887, owing to sickness in his family, he returned to Sullivan County and located at Green City, where he has already established an extensive and lucrative practice. In August, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary B., daughter of Samuel and Eliza McCreary, of SULLIVAN COUNTY. 885 Rushville, 111., and to this union seven children were born, five of whom are living : Frank, Samuel, Charles, Eva (deceased), Jennie, Dehlia (deceased) and Myrtle Magnolia, named for two Florida trees. The deceased children died in Florida. In politics tlie Doctor was formerly a Democrat, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Horatio Seymour, but is now a Republican, and is president of the Green City Eed Ribbon Club. Mrs. Roberts is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Hon. Isaac M. Roberts, M. D., was born in Perry County, Ohio, in May, 1850. His father, James W. Roberts, was born in Virginia, and married in Ohio to Miss Sarah Robinson, a native of that State. Mr. Roberts died in Ohio in 1870. The subject of this sketch was reared in his native county until sixteen years of age, receiving a good education at the high schools there, and at the Oxford College. In 1867 he located in Brookfield, Mo., and engaged in the drug business with his uncle, Dr. J. F. Rob- erts, and here first began to study medicine. He first attended a course of lectures at Rush Medical College, Chicago, in the win- ter of 1869-70, and then began to practice his chosen profession at Cunningham, Mo., where he remained a year. He then prac- ticed in Pennville, Mo., until the fall of 1874, and then took a second course of lectures at Keokuk, Iowa, from which place he graduated in the spring of 1875. The following winter he took a supplementary course at Rush Medical College, and the next spring located in Pollock, which has been his residence most of the time since. In 1883 he went west on account of his health, and during his sojourn of about a year, invested in land in Kan- sas. He is a member of the Democratic party, and as such was elected a representative in the Legislature in the years 1886 and 1887, which office he filled with fidelity and distinction. In Feb- ruary, 1886, Dr. Roberts was united in marriage to Miss Mary Kid well, daughter of Dr. I. Kidwell, a druggist of Pollock, Mo. Dr. Roberts is a successful practitioner, and one of the honored citizens of Pollock. He is a member of the Masonic lodge at Pollock, of the chapter at Milan, and also of the commandery at Brookfield. Thomas Ross is of Irish parentage, and was born in County Derry, Dumbo, Ireland, in May, 1830, and is a son of John and Jane (Bonds) Ross. He immigrated to the United States in 1850, when a young man, and for five years lived in Carbon County, Penn. He was thrice married. His first wife, Sarah (Connell) Ross, was also a native of Ireland, and married Mr. Ross in Carbon County, Penn., January 6, 1852. After leaving Carbon County, Mr. Ross located in Sullivan County, Mo., in the year 1855, where he entered 886 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. eighty acres of land, and improved a farm. He kept increasing his possessions, and, although he has given some of his property to his sons, still owns 180 acres of land, 100 of which are well cultivated. Mrs. Eoss died January 15, 1868. Four of her chil- dren are still living, all married, and near residents of their father, viz.: John E.., James C, Jacob and Sarah Jane (wife of J. C. Warren). One daughter, Ellen, died January 1, 1865, aged one year six months and eighteen days. The second wife of Mr. Ross was Martha McCloskey, a native of Sullivan County, whom he married in 1868. She was the mother of one son, Thomas N., who lived with his father, and died June 13, 1874. Mr. Eoss' present wife is Rebecca D. Warren, a native of Sullivan County. This lady was married to our subject July 15, 1875, and is the mother of one son — William Alexander — -and both she and her husband are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Ross is a popular and enterprising man, and enjoys the respect and esteem of the community. In politics he is a Republican, and has held the office of justice of the peace for the past eighteen years, in Sullivan County, Mo., where he now resides with his family. Samuel Ross, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Liberty Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., February 18, 1849, and is a son of James and Nancy (Wilhite) Ross. James Ross was born in Ire- land in 1822, and is a son of Samuel and Nancy (Floyd) Ross. Mrs. Ross died in Ireland, and in 1838 the family immigrated to the United States, locating first in Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1839 they removed to St. Louis, where they remained about a year, and in 1840 came to Sullivan County. They located about four miles west of Milan, where the father died. James grew to man- hood in Sullivan County, and in 1844 was married to Miss Nancy Wilhite, daughter of Daniel Wilhite, formerly of Tennessee. After his marriage Mr. Ross located in Liberty Township, and improved a farm which he had previously entered. He soon moved upon his present farm, which consists of 440 acres, 300 of which are fenced, and 200 well improved. He owns a good house, nice barn, outbuildings, etc., and is a well-to-do farmer. He has reared a family of seven children, five of whom are now living : Lena (wife of Robert Caldwell), Samuel, Lydia (wife of Basford Reger), Jane (wife of Dr. Wilhite), Sarah E. and Daniel. Two children are deceased: Margaret, who died June 15, 1887, and John, who died when nineteen years of age. Mr. Eoss is a Democrat. Samuel Ross, the subject of this sketch, was reared and educated in his native county, and in January, 1875, was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie Sterling, a native of Sullivan County. After mar- riage they located upon and improved their present farm of 1,60 SULLIVAN COUNTY. 887 acres, sixty of which are welt cultivated ; forty acres, in another tract, are well fenced, and consist mostly of pasture land. He owns a good house, with a nice orchard and comfortable outbuild- ings, and is the possessor of soms good stock, the quality and quantity of which he is gradually improving and increasing. Mrs. Eoss is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and the mother of five children: James H., William Albert, Mary Jane, Samuel A. and Robert C Jonathan Eussell is the youngest child of a family of thirteen born to James and Anne (Heath) Russell, natives of Loudoun County, Va., where they passed their entire lives, dying at the ages of seventy-five and eighty-three, respectively. The father was a farmer by occupation, and served as a soldier in the Revo- lutionary War. In politics he was a Whig. Previoiis to his marriage with the mother of our subject he had wedded Sallie Osborn, by whom he had eight children. His second wife was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was born in . Loudoun County, Va., in 1784:. Jonathan Russell was born in Loudoun County, Va., in 1824. He was reared upon his father's farm, receiving but a limited education at the primitive log school-house of the neighborhood, and, after his father's death, lived with and cared for his widowed mother until twenty-one years of age. In 1848 he married Elizabeth Edwards, a native of the same county as himself. In 1857 Mr. Eussell left his native State, and, coming to Sullivan County, Mo., located upon the farm where he now lives. His wife died in 1865, and three years later he married Eliza J. Keithley, a native of St. Charles, Mo. To his first union seven children were born, and to the last six. His present wife is a member of the Christian Church. During the late war Mr. Russell served in the militia. In politics he was for- merly a Whig, but is now a Democrat, and for the past four years has been a magistrate. He is an honest, upright citizen, and a successful farmer, owning 160 acres of land, well stocked and improved. He owns a fine stallion, half Norman and half Copper- bottom, and also possesses a mammoth jack. Mr. Russell has been a resident of Sullivan County for over thirty years, and is well respected and esteemed by his neighbors and associates. Dennis Ryan was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1832, and is a son of Patrick E. and Catherine (Dwyer) Eyan, natives of Ireland, and born in 1804 and 1809, respectively. The father died in 1842, a highly respected and well-to-do farmer. His widow afterward married John Eyan, and in 1844 immigrated to America, and located in Syracuse, N. Y. Seven years later they removed to Jackson County, Ohio, and in 1869 located in Polk Township, Sullivan Co., Mo. Mr. Eyan died in 1881, and Mrs. 888 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Eyan on June 11, 1887. Five children were born to Mrs. Ryan's first marriage, and four to the second. Our subject, the eldest child, was educated in his native land and in New York. When twelve years old he accompanied his mother to America, and made his home with her until his marriage. In 1854 he married Miss Elizabeth Hannigan, who was born in Virginia in 1832. To this union thirteen children were born, eight of whom are living: Patrick B., Mary (wife of John Fussleman), Margaret H. (wife of Thomas Dailey), Ida K, Eva C. (wife of Michael O'Donnell), Elizabeth G., Andrew J. and Hannah M. Mr. Eyan spent his early life working upon a canal, farm and railroad. In 1856 he came to Sullivan County, and entered forty acres of land in Polk Township, where he now resides. He now owns 1,115 acres in the home place, and eighty acres on Yellow Creek, and keeps from 200 to 300 head of stock per annum. He lives in a large com- fortable house, and is one of the most prosperous and respected farmer citizens of the county, his property being the result of his own labor, honesty and good management. In politics he is a Democrat, and for a few years served as trustee of Polk Town- ship. He is a member of the G. A. E., and in 1864 enlisted in Company B, Forty-fourth Eegiment Missouri Infantry. He par- ticipated in the battles of Franklin, Nashville, siege of Mobile, Spanish Fort, Blackley, one in Missouri, and many minor engage- ments. Mr. and Mrs. Eyan are members of the Eoman Catholic Church. Judge J. C. Schnelle, a farmer and stock raiser, was born November 26, 1846, in Monroe County, Ohio. His father, Con- rad Schnelle, was a native of Hanover, Germany, where he grew to manhood and married Christema Brockmann, who was a native of the same place. Conrad immigrated to the States about 1820, and settled in Monroe County, Ohio. He moved to Sullivan County, Mo., in 1865, where he died in 1868, and his widow in 1872. Our subject lived in his native county until he became seventeen years of age, when he came to Missouri in the spring of 1864, and in August of the same year enlisted in Company C, Forty-second Eegiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, where he remained until his discharge, at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865, after which he returned to Missouri, and settled in Sullivan County. In May, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Re- becca E. Steele, daughter of Alexander Steele, of Putnam County. This lady is favored with remarkable business talents, good taste and superior wisdom. She was born in Pike County, Mo., and is the mother of eight children, as follows: Thomas F., Christema, Sarah J., Charles D., Frederick M., Ocie A., Eebecca E. and Artie, After his eiarriage the Judge settled upon the SULLIVAN COUNTY. 889 place where he now resides, which consists of 200 acres of fine prairie land in his home place, all under cultivation, and a large portion of it surrounded with a good hedge. He also has sixty acres of timber in another portion. Our subject has always be- longed to the Democratic party, and has filled several local offices in the township. He was nominated for the office of county judge at large in the fall of 1886, and was elected by a handsome majority. He is a member of the G. A. E., Pollock Post, No. 59, of which he is the commander, and is also a member of the A. F. & A. M. and W. M. of lodge at Pollock, and member of chapter at Milan. It may truthfully be said that the Judge is a self-edu- cated man, for his early educational advantages were extremely limited, but, having an ardent desire for knowledge, and embracing every opportunity offered in the way of reading instructive books, which he read thoughtfully, has thus laid by a large store of use- ful and practical knowledge. He is now a very well-informed man, thoroughly conversant with the great questions and prob- lems of the present day. He is a man greatly esteemed, and one whose influence is felt throughout the entire community. John T. Schnelle, a farmer and stock raiser, was born in Illi- nois, October 18, 1853, and is a son of A. F. Schnelle, a native of Germany, who came to America with his parents when a lad of six years and settled in Ohid, where he grew to manhood, and married Sarah J. Hawkins, a native of Ohio. Mr. Schnelle moved to Illinois at an early date, where he remained until 1855, when he moved to Iowa, and from there soon went to Missouri, where he settled in Putnam County, near the south line and in the neighborhood of his present residence. Our subject spent his youth on the Putnam County farm, and was married in Ap- panoose County, Iowa, October 31, 1874, to Miss Emma S. Sni- der, a daughter of Hiram Snider, formerly of Ohio. Mrs. Schnelle was reared in Van Buren County, Iowa, and is the mother of three children: Emma Allura, Aaron Friederich and Hiram Julius. The spring after his marriage our subject moved to the place where he now resides, and upon which he has made most of the improvements. He now owns 200 acres of fine prairie land, all fenced and under good cultivation, upon i which he has a good one-and-a-half-story house, with a good barn and outbuildings, and surrounded by a fine orchard of about 300 apple trees. Mr. Schnelle is a member of the Green City Lodge of A. O. IT. W. William H. Schnelle, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Putnam County, Mo., April 13, 1856. His father, Aaron F. Schnelle, was born in Germany, and his mother, Sarah Jane (Hawkins) Schnelle, was a native of Pennsylvania, William H. 5? 890 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. was reared in Putnam County, Mo. ; and after attaining his majority was married, April 8, 1877, to Miss Mary S. Whittaker, daughter of Thomas Whittaker, formerly of Van Buren County, Iowa. Mrs. Schnelle was born in Howard County, Mo., and is the mother of the four following' children: Thomas, born February 2, 1878; Mollie, born August 22, 1880; William, born November 4, 1882, and Luella, born February 2, 1886. After his marriage Mr. Schnelle moved upon the farm where he now resides, which consists of 240 acres of land, fenced and well cultivated. The buildings upon it are new and in good condition. William H. is engaged with his brother, A. W., in raising and breeding thoroughbred English Shire and Clydesdale horses. They now have one English Shire horse which they purchased in 1885 and an imported Clyde, which they bought in 1886. In the spring of 1887 they purchased three imported Percheron Normans, two of which are young mares. They have some of the iinest thoroughbred horses in Sullivan County, and have taken premi- ums at every fair at which they have exhibited. Besides horses, they are interested in Holstein cattle and Poland-China hogs, and are constantly improving their stock. They rank among the most enterprising and energetic men of the township, and are well respected in the community in which they live. A. Wesley Schnelle, a farmer and stock dealer, was born in Putnam County, Mo., June 23, 1858. There he grew to man- hood upon the farm. He was married in Appanoose County, Iowa, in December, 1878, to Miss Florence E., daughter of Thomas Whittaker, a native of Appanoose County, where she was reared. After his marriage Mr. Schnelle farmed for one year in Putnam County, but in September, 1879, moved to the place where he now resides, settling upon raw land, which he afterward improved. He now owns 200 acres of fine prairie land, mostly devoted to meadows and pastures, and also owns a comfortable home, with a good barn and outbuildings. Mr. Schnelle is a man of good business ability, and devotes the greater part of his attention to breeding and dealing in imported horses, thoroughbred Holstein cattle and Poland-China hogs, in which business he is in * partnership with his brother, Will- iam H. Schnelle. Mr. Schnelle is a pleasant and agreeable gen- tleman, and he and his brother deserve credit for introducing such valuable and superior horses into Sullivan County. Dr. T. H. B. Schooling, a practicing physician, surgeon and druggist, and also pension agent at Greencastle, is a native of Boone County, Mo., where he was born in 1840, and a son of James and Mary S. (Lawson) Schooling, natives of Ken- tucky, and born in 1793 and 1813, respectively. Mary S, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 891 was the third wife of James Schooling, to whom he was married in 1836. Mr. Schooling was a soldier in the War of 1812, but his occupations were farming and cabinet making. He came to Boone County about 1822, and died in 1844. The mother died at Greencastle in 1876. The Doctor was reared by his mother, and received a common-school education. In 1862 he joined Company G, Eleventh Missouri State Militia, and after- ward the Second Missouri State Militia under Gen. McNeil, and operated in Missouri until the close of the war, when he returned to the farm. In 1870 and 1871 he attended McGee College, at College Mound, in Macon County, and in 1872 entered the Keo- kuk Medical College, where he took one course. Since then he has been more or less engaged in the practice of his profession in Sullivan and some of the adjoining counties. In 1883 he came to Greencastle, where he has since been engaged in the drug business, in connection with his professional duties, and in January, 1887, was appointed pension agent. He was united in marriage February 25, 1872, to Miss Adele, daughter of Jacob Kelley, formerly of Scott County, Ohio, where Mrs. Schooling was born. Mr. Kelley is now a resident of Penn Township, and has reached the good old age of eighty. Mr. and Mrs. School- ing have two children: H. Guy and Clio L. The Doctor is a Democrat, but cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1864. He is a member of the G. A. E. and A. O. U. W. Himself and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church South. James W. Scobee is a native of Sullivan County, Mo., and was born June 8, 1844. His father was born in Kentucky, and came to Missouri during the early history of the State, locating iirst in Monroe County. From there he went to Putnam County, but finally settled in Buchanan Township, Sullivan County, where he improved a farm. He was united in marriage to Hannah Haynes, who died when the subject of this sketch was but a lad. Mr. Scobee died in Putnam County in 1863. James W. was reared upon his father's farm in Putnam County. In February, 1863, he enlisted in the Second Missouri State Militia, and, after seven months' service in this regiment, re-enlisted in the Thirteenth Missouri Cavalry. He participated in the fight at Cape Girar- deau, Chalk Bluff, Independence, Mo., and a number of skirmishes, finally being mustered out at Fort Leavenworth in May, 1866. In 1868 he bought land in Sullivan County, Mo., and the following year was married, in Adair County, to Lovena Sibole, who was born in Indiana and reared in Missouri. To this marriage five children were born: Anna L., Carl C, John W. and Cassie B. One child died in infancy. After his marriage Mr. Scobee located upon his land, which he at once proceeded to improve, 892 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. He now owns 200 acres of land, all fenced, and 150 acres of which are highly cultivated and improYed, and upon which is situated a good house and a new barn, besides a number of sheds, etc. In connection with his farming Mr. Scobee has about 100 head of pure blooded Cotswold sheep, of which he makes a specialty. In March, 1885, he was married in Sullivan County to Sarah A. Mason, by whom he has had one child — Albert Berry. Mrs. Scobee is a native of Sullivan County, and both she and her husband are worthy and esteemed members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Arthur Elliott Sears was born in 1848, one mile from his present residence, in Polk Township, Sullivan County, Mo. His father, Ira Sears, was born in the State of New York in 1810, and, when a youth, went to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he engaged in the manufacture of brick, and also followed flat-boating on the Ohio River some time. He was married in 1836, and afterward lived in Louisville, Ky., two years. In 1842 he came to Sulli- van County, and entered land in Polk Township, where he settled and passed the remainder of his life. He was one of the pioneer settlers of the county, and by hard work and industry added acre after acre to the land originally entered, until he was the posses- sor of a large tract. He served as county commissioner a num- ber of years. His wife, Amanda (Stockton) Sears, was born in Ohio in 1817, and died in 1883. To Mr. and Mrs. Sears nine children were born, all of whom are living: Alonzo P., Julia (wife of Jasper Baldridge), William, Laura (wife of P. F. Potts), Arthur E., Oscar P., Mary (wife of Alex. Doak), Ira and Amanda (wife of William Barnett). Arthur E. was educated at the com- mon schools of his native county, and resided with his parents until twenty-three years of age. In 1871 he wedded Miss Eliza, daughter of John Scott. Mrs. Sears was born in Greenbrier, Va., in 1849, and came to Sullivan County when fourteen years old. To her union with our subject four children have been born: Hattie Arvilla, John Ira, Susie Amanda and Arthur Asbury. In 1873 Mr. Sears located upon forty acres of land given him by his father, bat has since increased his possessions to 160 acres, and is known as one of the enterprising farmers of the county. In politics he is a Eepublican, having cast his first presidential ballot for Gen. Grant, in 1872. Levi Seltzer was born in Berks County, Penn., December 28, 1832. His father, Michael Seltzer, was born in the same house as his son, in October, 1805, and at present is living in the town of his birth. His ancestors immigrated to the United States from Alsace, France, in 1742, and located in Pennsylvania, ^hree uncles were soldiers in the War of the Bevolution, and SULLIVAN COUNTY. 893 were taken prisoners. They were held in tlie British prison ships in New York Harbor, and there died. The subject of this sketch, Levi, grew to manhood in Pennsylvania, and when a boy began to take an interest in horse trading, in which business he has been engaged all his life, his early business being transacted in Boston and Philadelphia. He received a good common and academical education during his youth, and in 1857 came to Mis- souri, and traded in cattle, horses and mules in Illinois and Mis- souri until 1868. He then came to Sullivan County, where he married Miss Julia F. Thomas, daughter of John F. Thomas, whose sketch appears in this work. After his marriage Mr. Seltzer lived in Adair County until 1870, trading in horses, and farming. He then moved to St. Louis, and engaged in the old business four years, when they returned to Adair County and lived upon the farm two years. They then resided in Kirksville a short time, but soon returned to the farm. Upon the next removal Mr. Seltzer came to Sullivan County, where he now resides. He owns 370 acres of land in his home place, and eighty acres of timber land in another tract. He has a good two-story house and comfortable outbuildings, and, in connection with farming, deals quite extensively in horses. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and also of the Farmers and Mechanics Mu- tual Aid Association. To Mr. and Mrs. Seltzer four children have been born: John M., Fred L., Edgar T., and Sarah E. (five years of age). Among the first settlers of Sullivan County were William and Polly (Richardson) Sevier, descendants of the same family as Gov. Sevier, of Tennessee. The parents of William came from Tennessee, but whether William was a native of Tennessee or Kentucky is not now definitely known. He was married in the last named State, and resided there until about 1825, when he moved to Boone County, Mo. In the spring of 1840 they came to Sullivan County, Mo., and settled near Cora. Neighbors were few at that early date, their nearest being four miles distant. They were also obliged to go a distance of twenty miles or more to mill. The mother was a member of the Baptist Church, and the father a believer in the teachings of the Christian Church, although not a member. When he came to Missouri he owned a team, biit had no money, and at the time of his death was consid- ered a well-to-do man. In politics Mr. Sevier was a Whig. Death was kind to Mr. and Mrs. Sevier, and only separated them five days, the latter dying September 19, 1845, and the former September 23, 1845. To them a family of ten children (six sons and four daughters) were born. The second child, Thomas K, was born near Danville, Mercer Co., Ky., November 23, 1819, 894 BIOGftAtHICAL APMNDIX. and was reared upon a farm. He received but a limited educa- tion, not attending school more than six months. He accompa- nied his parents when they came to Sullivan County, Mo., and remained with them until he became of age. He was an active and energetic young man, and has split as many as 500 rails in a day. After improving what is known as the old McCuUough place, he was married, in 1842, to Polly A. Dusky, who bore him one child — Amanda M. This lady lived but eighteen months, and Mr. Sevier, in 1844, wedded her sister, Miss Elizabeth Dusky, by whom he has had six children: Sarah E., Joseph D., Laura J., Mary I., James P. and John B. Both wives were born in Boone County, Mo. Their father, James Dusky, was a native of North Carolina, but went to Kentucky, where he married Lydia Hill, a native of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Dusky settled in Mis- souri during the early history of the State, and there passed the remainder of their lives. Their deaths occurred in 1832 and 1881, respectively. In politics Mr. Sevier is a Bepublican, but formerly belonged to the Whig party. He commenced life very poor, and in fact in debt for his first horse, for which he paid by splitting rails at 50 cents per 100. By labor and economy, how- ever, he is now the owner of 800 acres of good land, and one of the prosperous farmers of the county. John W. Sevier was born in Mercer County, Ky., in 1824, and is a son of William and Mary (Eichardson) Sevier. When but a child he was taken to Boone County, Mo., where he was reared and but poorly educated on account of the poor facilities afforded by the neighborhood and the demand made for his services upon the farm. In 1839 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., of which he has been a resident for the past forty-eight years. He lived with his parents until tb eir death, and then began life for himself. Until 1850 he worked as a laborer, and then started for California in an ox wagon, arriving at his destination at the end of three months. He remained west until 1854, and then returned to Sullivan County with the result of his labor and economy, which had amounted to a neat little sum of money. The same year he married Sarah A., daughter of George W. Pipes, an early settler of Sullivan County. Mrs. Sevier was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1830, and to her and our sub- ject nine children have been born: James W., William A., Andrew J., Mary E., Henry H., Martha J., Ida P., Laura B. and Josephine. Soon after his marriage Mr. Sevier located upon the place of which he is now a resident. He is a well- to-do farmer, and owns 940 acres of land, and has given 280 acres to his children. Both himself and wife are worthy mem- bers of the Methodist Church. SULLIVAN COUNTY. 895 James W. Sevier, one of the rising and successful young farmers of Sullivan County, is a son of John W. Sevier [see sketch], and was born in Sullivan County, October 7, 1855. He remained under the parental roof, working upon his father's farm, until having attained his majority. He received as good an education as the common schools of the country afforded, which he has since improved by observation and reading. In 1876 he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy, daughter of Solomon Bundridge. To this union one child was born, named Annie E. Mrs. Sevier departed this life in 1879, and in 1883 Mr. Seyier wedded Magdaline Troyer, by whom he has had two children: Elfie M. and Elmer W. Mrs. Sevier is a member of the Pres- byterian Church. About 1878 Mr. Sevier moved upon the place where he now resides, and is now the owner of 280 acres of good land, which is the result of his own industry and good manage- ment, with the exception of 120 acres which were given him by his father. In politics Mr. Sevier is a Democrat. , James P. Shaw was born in Kentucky, in 1819, and is the second child of Daniel and Elizabeth (Pipes) Shaw. Both parents were natives of Kentucky, where they were reared and married. Mr. Shaw was a farmer by occupation, and both him- self and wife were members of the United Baptist Church. After the death of Mr. Shaw his widow was married to Jacob Harmon, and in 1853 came to Sullivan County, where she died. By her first marriage one son and two daughters were born, and by her second two sons and one daughter. James P. Shaw received a good education in his native State, and at the age of twenty began to learn the carpenter's trade, at which he worked about fifteen years. In 1840 he came to Sullivan County, while the country was yet in a wild and uncultivated State. Indians still inhabited that region, and wild game and beasts were abundant. Mr. Shaw was fond of hunting, and hds killed many bears, panthers and deer. In 1851 he returned to Kentucky, and in 1844 he was united in marriage to Elmira T. Crowdis, who was born in Kentucky, in 1824. This union has been blessed with seven children: George D., Eliza J., John W., Berley, Bettie F., and two infants. Both Mr. and Mrs. Shaw are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. In 1860 Mr. Shaw removed to Sullivan County, but, on account of the unsettled condition of that country in regard to war measures, returned to Kentucky in 1864, and remained there until 1870. Since that date he and his family have made their home in Sullivan County. In politics Mr. Shaw is a Democrat. He did not serve in the late war, but his son, George D., was in the Forty-fourth Missouri Infantry, United States Army, about a year, and died on Dorpheus Island 896 BIOGEAPHIOAL APPENDIX. while in service. Mr. Shaw is a well-to-do-farmer, and has nearly 200 acres in cultivation. Mr. Shaw's maternal grandparents, John and Mary Pipes, were natives of Virginia and North Caro- lina, respectively, who immigrated to Kentucky in an early day, and located in Mercer County. The grandfather was a captain in the Eevolutionary War. The parents of Mrs. Shaw — George and Elizabeth (Wiley) Crowdis — were natives of Virginia, who immigrated to Kentucky, and there died. Dr. William W. Shearer, a practicing physician, and senior member of the firm of Shearer Bros., general merchants, at Greencastle, is a native of Maryland, and was born in 1836. He is a son of Jacob and Juliet (Eyerly) Shearer, natives of Penn- sylvania, where they passed their early lives, and were married. Soon after their marriage they removed to Maryland, and from there to Ohio in 1847, and in 1870 came to Greencastle. The father was born in 1808, was of German ancestry, and a plasterer and weaver by trade. He died in Greencastle in 1878. The mother was born in 1812, and died in 1885. The paternal grandfather of our subject served in the War of 1812. Will- iam W. received acommon-school education during his youth, and in 1854 went to Iowa. In 1856 he went to Lancaster, Schuyler County, where he taught school for about two years, and in 1858 began the study of medicine, and graduated from Pope's Medical College, St. Louis, in 1859. The year following he began to practice, and in 1861 removed to Greencastle, where he has since resided, with the exception of the two years of 1866 and 1867, which he spent in Milan engaged in the drug business, and during which time he was pension examiner. Upon his return to Greencastle he established a drug house, to which he afterward added groceries and dry goods, and at the present time he is one of the proprietors of a general store. Since about 1872 his youngest brother, Jerome E., has been a partner. In 1864 he was commissioned county surgeon by Gov. Fletcher, and the year following was united in marriage to Miss Mary E., daughter of Eev. Charles L. Bartlett, a Presbyterian minister of the old school. To Doctor and Mrs. -Shearer two chil- dren have been born : Susie B. (wife of William E. Overstreet) and Mabel. The Doctor is a Democrat, and cast his first presiden- tial vote for S. A. Douglas. He has been a member of the Ma- sonic fraternity for a number of years. Mrs. Shearer died in 1872, and was a member of the old school Presbyterian Church. Her father was a very scholarly gentleman, and well fitted for his high calling. D. E. Shearer is a native of Washington. County, Md., and was born in 1844. His father, Jacob Shearer, was born in Penn- SULLIVAN COUNTY. 897 sylvania in 1808, and was a weaver and plasterer by trade. After his marriage he moved from Pennsylvania to Maryland, and in 1841 he moved to Richland County, Ohio. In 1867 he came to Sullivan County, where he died in 1878. The mother, Juliette (Eyerly) Shearer, was of German descent, and born in Pennsylvania in 1812. When young she lived upon a farm owned by President Buchanan's father. Her death occurred in 1885. D. B. Shearer was the fifth of a family of nine children, and when three years of age was brought by his parents to Ohio, where he was edu- cated at the common schools of Richmond County. When eighteen years old he left the parental roof, and came to Sullivan County, Mo. He was employed as a clerk in a store at Green- castle until 1864, when he went to Des Moines, Iowa, and worked at the tinner's trade as an apprentice for about three years. In 1866 he returned to Sullivan County, locating in Milan, and be- came interested in a stove and tin shop. In 1878 he added hardware to his stock, and has since carried a full line of the above mentioned goods. He is now in business alone, but for four years was in partnership with A. Howe. July 2, 1870, he married Miss Adeline Louisa, daughter of Benjamin Walton. Mrs. Shearer was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1847, and is the mother of two children: Carl, and Alice C, who died in 1878. Mr. Shearer is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant in 1868. He has officiated as alderman of Milan sev- eral times, has been the treasurer, and has been a member of the school board. He is an old and respected citizen, having resided in Milan since 1866, with the exception of three years (1870 to 1878) spent in Greencastle. Jacob Shobe was born in Hardy County, W. Va., in 1874. His father, Aaron, was of German descent, and born in the same county and State in 1822. In 1852 he immigrated to Montgom- ery County, Ind., residing there until 1867, then locating in Sullivan County, Mo., where he purchased sixty acres of land in Bowman Township. He was thrice married, his second wife being Jemima Armantrout, a native of Montgomery County, Ind. His third wife's maiden name was Elizabeth Harter, and she was born in Allen County, Ohio, in 1832. He was the father of eight children. His life occupation was that of farming, and he died in Sullivan County, in 1883. His first wife, Elizabeth Custard, was a native of Pendleton County, Va., and died in 1847. She had but one child, our subject, who, with the exception of two years spent with his father, lived with his grandparents until thirteen. He then went to Indiana, and until twenty-one years of age remained with his father, making himself useful upon the farm. In March, 1865, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred 898 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. and Fifty-fourtli Regiment Indiana Infantry, and received his discharge at Indianapolis, Ind., in August, of the same year. In 1867 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., and in October, 1872, married Miss Livonia Jaynes, daughter of Norman H. Jaynes. This lady was born in Dubuque, Iowa, in 1852, and is the mother of three living children: Norman Aaron, John Leslie and Zella Esther. After his marriage Mr. Shobe located in Bowman Town- ship, and in 1883 moved upon the place he now occupies. He is the owner of 720 acres of beautifully situated land, nicely culti- vated, and keeps about 200 head of stock per annum. Himself and wife are worthy and honored members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Republican, and cast his first presi- dential vote for U. S. Grant, in 1868. Robert C. Sloan is a son of Benjamin and Amy B. (Humph- rey) Sloan, natives of Ohio and Indiana, and born in 1818 and 1824, respectively. They were married in Franklin County, Ind., and soon after removed to Decatur Coimty, of which the mother is still a resident. Mr. Sloan was a Presbyterian in faith, and the mother is a Baptist. In politics Mr. Sloan was a stanch Republican. He was a successful farmer, and lived until 1885. Robert C, the subject of this sketch, was the eldest son in a family of three sons and four daughters. He was born in Decatur County, Ind., in 1848, and spent his youth upon his father's farm. He received a good common-school education, and, after attaining his majority, began life for himself as a farmer, which occupation he has since followed. In 1870 he married Sarah Bower, who was born in Monmouth County, N. J., in 1849. When about fourteen years of age Mrs. Sloan accompanied her parents to Indiana, but, after a residence there of about seven years, they returned to New Jersey, whither Mr. Sloan went for his bride. The young couple then went to Indiana, and in 1872 came to Sullivan County, Mo., settling upon the farm where they now live. Mr. Sloan is a well-to-do farmer, owning 180 acres of good land. His father presented him with eighty acres, when he first came to Sullivan County, but the remainder has been made by steady appli- cation to his work, and good management. Mrs. Sloan is a Pres- byterian. To her and Mr. Sloan three children have been born: Helen M., Emma B., and Charles E., the latter being the only one now living. Mr. Sloan is a Republican, and a member of the A. O. U. W. William J. Smart, a farmer and stock raiser of Buchanan Township, was born in Beaver County, Penn., May 22, 1812, and is a son of John Smart, a native of Westmoreland County, Penn., and Ruth (Colman) Smart, a native of New Jersey. The family moved to Missouri about 1856, and located in Sullivan County, 9ULLIVAN cotJiJtS. 899 wliere the parents died in after years. Our subject grew to man- hood in Pennsylvania, and in the spring of 1846 came west, and settled in Appanoose County, Iowa, and in October, 1847, was married in that county to Miss Hannah 0. Zook, a native of Pennsylvania, where she was reared. After his marriage he farmed for a short time, but in 1854 entered land in Sullivan County, where he now resides, and in the spring of 1855 moved to this place, and commenced improving the land which he had previously entered. He is now one of the few men living here, who entered land directly from the Government. He at first entered only eighty acres, then eighty more, then forty, and after- ward forty more, and is now the owner of 320 acres, a large part of which is under cultivation, and 280 acres of which are in the home place, and nearly all fenced. He has a good one-and-a- half-story house with a good barn and outbuildings, and a good orchard. In 1863 he enlisted in the provisional service, and in August, 1864, enlisted in the Forty-second Missouri Infantry, be- ing discharged at the end of the war in 1865. He was stationed at Macon City, guarding Government property. Mr. Smart has seven children: John H., married and living in Kansas; Alfred M., married and in this county; Charles W., married and in this county; Jonathan E., married and in Kansas; Oliver C, married and in this county; Grant, single and in Kansas; and Mary C, wife of Albert Hook, of Southern Kansas. Mrs. Smart died March 30, 1886, and Mr. Smart was afterward married in this county to Mrs. Almaranda T. Ayers, who had six children by her first marriage, two of whom live with Mr. Smart. This lady is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Smart is a member of the G. A. R. post at Green City, and also a member of the Baptist Church. He is one of the few men now living here who still reside upon, the land originally entered from the Government. Joel P. Smith, one of the prominent farmers and stock raisers of Penn Township, is a native of Schuyler County, 111., where he was born in 1832, and is the second of the six children of Jona- than and Nancy (Skyles) Smith. The father was of English ancestry, and a native of Kentucky. "When a young man he went to Schuyler County, 111., where he married, settled, and became a well-to-do farmer, and lived until our subject was about twelve years old. The mother was born in Tennessee in 1800, and was twice married, her first husband being Mitchell Wood. She is still living in Schuyler County in a hewed-log house that Mr. Smith built soon after his marriage. She has lived there nearly sixty years. The farm is now owned by her son-in-law, James Teal. Mrs. Smith has been an earnest and faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for seventy years, and to that 900 BlOGBAPHICAti APPENDIX. church Mr. Smith was also united. Our subject spent his youth at home, and received a common-school education. The death of his father threw the support of the family upon him to a great extent, and thus he was deprived of further educational advan- tages. February 1, 1856, he married Miss Valeria, daughter of Eev. James and Harriet Herbert, natives of Pennsylvania, who, in 1871, left Illinois and went to Sullivan County, Mo., where they are now living, at Green City, where Mr. Herbert has charge of the United Brethren Church, and has been a minister for tweti ty- five years. He is now seventy-seven years old, and his wife has reached the age of eighty. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have four chil- dren living, two having died. Those living are: Emma Olive, wife of William H. McGloughlin, of Washington Territory; Harriet M., wife of George W. Eake, also of Washington Terri- tory; Nancy Anna, now Mrs. Lewis Eider, of Linn County, and William, who is on the old farm. In 1856 Mr. Smith removed to Sullivan County, and located four and one-half miles southwest of Greencastle, where he had entered land the previous year. He has since made this place his home, with the exception of one year spent in Green City, where he established the first furniture store of the town. He has made farming his principal occupa- tion, and has been quite successful, being now the owner of 200 acres of good productive land. In 1864 he enlisted in Company E, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, and operated in Tennessee, Alabama and Kentucky. He was mustered out of service at Nashville, Tenn., at the close of the wax-. Being a man of no education, he has deeply appreciated the advantages of one, and is greatly interested in the literary advancement of his children. Mr. Smith has always been a Democrat, and cast his first presi- dential vote for S. A. Douglas, in 1860. He is a member of the G. A. E. His wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mrs. Smith is a sister of H. S. Herbert, the present editor of the Ealeigh Herald. He was reared an Abolitionist, and some years prior to the war edited a paper at Lebanon, and during the Kan- sas troubles the Jayhawkers destroyed it, which so disgusted Mr. Herbert, that in order to have revenge he entered the rebel ranks. George A. Smith, A. M., was born in Claiborne County, East Tenn., December 6, 1849, and is a son of John W. and Lucinda (Ford) Smith. The father is of English and German descent, and a native of Claiborne County, Tenn., and was born in 1828. He was married in that county, and in 1856 moved to Eussell County, Ky. ; the winter of 1863 was spent in Christian County, 111. ; the following year he moved to Mercer County, Mo., and in the spring of 1865 went to Harrison County;, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 901 in the fall of that year he removed to Grundy County, living there until 1873 when he moved to Vernon County, of which he is now a resident. His life occupation has been that of farming. The mother, Lucinda (Ford) Smith, is also of English and Ger- man origin, and a native of the same county as her husband, born in 1829. She is the mother of the following ten living children : George A., William A. (minister of Methodist Episcopal Church South), Thirsey A. (wife of John Mims), Lavina J. (wife of Charles P. Barnes), Margaret E. (wife of Dr. P. W. Pope), Eobert T. (pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Pierce City, Mo. ), Isaac S. (pastor on Norris Circuit, Methodist Episcopal Church South), James H. (telegraph operator at Minden, Mo.), Emery H. (professor of mathematics at Humphreys College) and David W. George A., the subject of this sketch, accompanied his parents during their travels, residing in several States and counties during his boyhood, and receiving his early education at district schools. At the age of eighteen he was fully competent to teach a district school, and from that time until 1877 taught school, in the meantime attending one term at Cainesville High School, and one term at Princeton College. In the spring of 1877 he entered the Kirksville State Normal School, attending the same two years and fourteen weeks, and graduating with the degree of A. B., June 19, 1879. He is a full graduate of the above school, having received in June, 1881, the degree of A. M. from that institution. On June 19, 1879, he received a life certificate from the State superintendent of public instruction of Missouri, and since that time has steadily advanced in his profession until he now ranks among the foremost literary men and instructors of the State. He is a practical and lucid teacher, and a man highly esteemed and honored by his associates. November 9, 1882, he was united in marriage to Mary E. Norton, a native of Mercer County, Mo., born in 1858. This union has been blessed with one child — Georgia Blanche. Both Prof, and Mrs. Smith are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1884 Prof. Smith superintended the management and erection of the Humphreys College, which at present is in a gratifyingly flourishing condition. January 5, 1885, he was appointed school commissioner of Sullivan County, by Gov. Crittenden, to which office he was elected in the spring of 1885, and in the spring of 1887 re-elected, and the duties of which he is now discharging in an efficient and able manner. During his life he has taught sixty-four months in common schools, eight months in special classes at Kirksville State Normal, for two years was principal of Kirksville public schools, two years superintendent of Trenton public schools, three years president of Humphreys College and 902 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Business Institute, and has conducted and assisted in eleven normal institutes. He is master of a Blue Lodge in Masonry, a member of the chapter, and in politics a Democrat. . Samuel Somerville was born in Wood County, W. Va., in 1820, and is a son of Samuel and Susan (Shepard) Somerville. The father was born in Ireland in 1775, and in 1796 immigrated to America, locating in Harrison County, W. Va., where he was married. He afterward moved to Wood County, Va., where he died in 1859. He followed agricultural pursuits his entire life. His wife, Susan (Shepard) Somerville, was born in North Caro- lina about 1787, and died in 1862. She was the mother of eleven children, seven of whom are living. Samuel was the fifth child, and lived with his parents until twenty-two years of age, receiving but a limited education at the schools of West Virginia. March 4, 1842, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ott, daughter of Fidillas Ott. Mrs. Somerville was born in Wood County, W. Va., in 1822, and is the mother of the following children: Simeon (deceased), Fidillas, John G., Sarah M. (deceased wife of C. P. Montgomery), Alfred 0., William S., Susan E. (wife of Thomas G. Jackson), Charles E., Mary C. (deceased), Jefferson L. (deceased) and Nannie E. Mr. Som- erville resided in his native State until 1868, and then immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., locating in Polk Township, where he has since resided. He commenced life a poor man but by indus- try and good management now owns 560 acres of good land, and is one of the successful farmers and highly respected citizens of the county. In politics he is a Democrat, and his first presi- dential vote was cast for James K. Polk, in 1844. Himself, Mdfe and two children are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. Augustus G. Sorge was born in Saxon Weimer, Germany, in 1835. His parents, Henry and Dorete (Lange) Sorge, were natives of Prussia, Germany, where they passed their lives. The father was an extensive and prominent farmer, and a mem- ber of the Heichstag. During one of the wars between Ger- many and France he served as lieutenant-colonel. He was a man of fine intellect, and was well educated. After his marriage he settled upon a farm, and died in 1853, at the age of fifty-one. His wife died in 1883, at the age of seventy-seven. Both were members of the Lutheran Church. Of their family of eleven children but two left their native land, and sought a home in the United States. Augustus G. was the fourth child, and received a good education while in the Fatherland. He studied for seven years with a private tutor, and then attended the pchools in Weimar, completing his education at the high school, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 90H and becoming proficient in French, Latin and the higher mathe- matics. Through the influence of a friend he procured a pass to America, and in 1853 landed in New York City. During his youth he had learned the butcher's trade, and, upon coming west, in 1857, to Keokuk, Iowa, worked in a large slaughter house. In 1859 he went to New Mexico and Colorado, where he freighted, mined and dealt in stock until 1863. He afterward handled stock in Nebraska and Iowa, and in 1865 came to Sulli- van County, Mo. Two years later he married Mary Frances Warren, daughter of James Madison Warren. Mrs. Sorge was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1846, and is the mother of four children: Dora E., Carrie E., James H. and Bertha A. Both Mr. and Mrs. Sorge are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In politics Mr. Sorge is a Democrat, and as such was elected justice of the peace in 1887. Mr. Sorge is a member of the I. O. O. F. He is one of the prosperous farmers of the county, and is greatly interested in fine horses, owning one of the best general purpose stallions in the county, the same having taken the first premium at five fairs as a general purpose horse. It is half Black Hawk and half Morgan. His farm consists of 320 acres of good land, and although Mr. Sorge began life poor, and has sustained heavy losses, he is now very comfortably fixed in this world's goods. Elijah A. Spencer is a son of John and Henrietta Spencer, and was born in West Virginia, April 20, 1837. The mother's maiden name was Harris. When about four years old he was brought by his parents to Franklin County, Mo., and the follow- ing year came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he was reared and educated. He attended a primitive log school-house, and his first lessons were received from John Harris. He remained at home until 1861, and then joined a company of cavalry, and reported at Brookfield, but was there transferred to Company A, Twenty-third Missouri Volunteers, United States army, on account of the scarcity of horses. His enlistment was for " three years or during the war." He served four years from the date of his first enlistment, and never shirked a duty nor shrank from danger. He received his discharge July 18, 1865. He was captured and taken prisoner at the battle of Shiloh, and held at Corinth, Miss. He was paroled at Macon, Ga., June 1, 1862, was transferred to Chattanooga, thence to Bellefonte, Ala., was received by United States soldiers at Huntsville, was taken to Columbia, Tenn., thence to Nashville, thence to Louisville, Ky., thence to Cairo, 111., and finally to Benton Barracks, near St. Louis, Mo. He then rejoined his company, and went to McMinnville, Tenn. The following year he participated in the 904 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. siege of Atlanta, and accompanied Gen. Sherman upon his inarch to the sea. After his return home he married Miss Nancy B. Jones, who was born in Kentucky, in 1840. By her five children have been born: Melissa G., two infants (deceased), Nancy J. and James E. Mr. Spencer owns a little farm of sixty-nine acres, is a Democrat in politics, and he and wife belong to the Baptist Church. Elder John Starkey, a farmer and mechanic of Penn Township, was born in Pennsylvania in 1810, and is a son of Jesse and Rhoda (Terry) Starkey. Mr. Starkey was born in Greene County, Penn., where he lived, married and ended his days. His death occurred about 1836, and his wife followed him a few years after. Both were members of the Primitive Methodist Church. Our subject was reared at home, and received a common- school education. In 1835 he married Miss Mary, daughter of Return and Sarah Temple; Mr. and Mrs. Starkey have nine children still living: Josiah, of Washington Territory; Lucinda, wife of Hiram Lair; Jasper Gray and James M., both of Washington Territory; Sarah, now Mrs. L. Eeichster, of Washington Territory; Elizabeth, now Mrs. Abner Summers; Rachel V., wife of Harrison L. Poolson; Eliza, wife of William Gray, and William T. Mr. Starkey remained in Pennsylvania for several years after his marriage, and then went to Virginia, where he remained a few years, and then came to Sullivan County in 1855, and located one mile south of where Green City now is, where he owns a farm of 120 acres and forty acres of timber. He is one of the pioneers of the county, and has lived for thirty -two years upon one farm, which he has acquired through his industry and economy, as he started in life with no capital. He is an active worker in the Baptist Church, and a minister of the gospel, having been ordained soon after the organization of Yellow Creek Church. He was formerly united with the Missionary Baptist Church. His wife is also a mem- ber of the Missionary Baptist Church. He served about eleven months in Company G, Eleventh Missouri State Militia, but was discharged in 1863 on account of disability. He was reared a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Jackson, in 1832, but since the war has been a Republican. He is also a member of the G. A. R. Henry Sterling was born in Ireland Septeriiber 2, 1831, and is a son of Henry and Elizabeth (Gray) Sterling, also natives of that country. They immigrated to the United States, and located in Carbon County, Penn., where they died and now lie buried side by side. Henry Sterling, the subject of this sketch, accom- panied his pareijts to Ca,rbo4 County, Penn., and there live4 SULLIVAN COUNTY. 905 about fifteen years. June 23, 1861, he enlisted in the Twentieth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, for three years. He was a blacksmith by trade, and while in the war was detailed to that service. He participated in the battle of Antietam, and in 1864 was discharged in Virginia. He then returned to Pennsylvania, and worked at his trade about a year in Carbon County, but then moved to Luzerne County of that State, and worked at his trade eight years. In 1867 he came to Missouri, and since that time has made eight trips back and forth, and has moved his family four times, at each removal residing from one to four years in each place. His first trip was made under many difficulties, sand- bars and ice in the Missouri River interfering with progress to such an extent that finally, in company with Mr. Bird Smith, Mr. Ster- ling made the journey on foot, arriving here first in 1850. He moved upon his present farm in October, 1884, and has a nice farm of 200 acres, seventy being under cultivation. He lives in a good house, and has several comfortable barns and outbuildings. He now lives a rather retired life, working but little either upon his farm or at his trade, as the farm is efficiently managed by his son, Robert B. While in Pennsylvania he was married, in the year 1850, in Carbon County, to Miss Mary Ann Johnson, a native of Ireland. This union has been blessed with five children: Mary (wife of Joseph Johnson), Robert B., Carrie (wife of Silas Debman), Mabel, and Samuel Thomas (who died in July, 1883, at the age of seventeen). Mr. and Mrs. Sterling are genial and hospitable people, and rank among the well respected citizens of the township. Alexander B. Stewart was born in Clark County, Mo., in 1850, and is a son of H. A. and Pinettie (Troxel) Stewart. The father was born in Montgomery County, Mo., in 1828, and when ten years old was taken to Pike County. Upon reaching manhood he went to Clark County, Mo., and in 1852 went to California. He remained at the latter place about two years, when, having accu- mulated a considerable amount of money he engaged in farming and stock raising. When he first went to Clark County he was a poor man but is now one of the wealthiest men of his county. For four years he held the position of county judge efficiently and faithfully. Of a family of seven children, three sons and two daughters are now living. Alexander B. is the second child, and was reared upon his father's farm. He received a good com- mon-school education during his early life, which was supple- mented by a course at the high school of Kahoka. He remained at home until twenty -three years of age, wlien he was united in marriage to Lizzie S. Harr, a native of Clark County, and born in 1858. To this union three children have been born: Bertha, B7 906 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Minnie E. and Kachel F. After his marriage he located in Sullivan County, Mo., where he now owns 220 acres of land, and is a successful farmer and upright citizen. He is a Master Mason, and, like his father, is identified with the Democratic party. John E. Stone, a farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Liberty Township, Sullivan Co., Mo., and was born November 2, 1858. His father, Martin Stone, was born in Russell County, Va., March 22, 1822, and when a young man moved to Howard County, Mo., where he resided about four years. At the age of twenty he came to Sullivan County, Mo. , and at once entered land, which he began to improve. It was in this county that he was united in marriage to Miss Chaney Stone, a native of West Vir- ginia, who bore him eight children. Of these, seven are still living, five residents of Sullivan County. Mr. Stone was a promi- nent farmer aid stock raiser of his county, and up to the time of his death was actively interested in his business affairs. At the time of his decease, February 22, 1882, he was the owner of 2,600 acres of land. John E. Stone grew to manhood in his native county, and March 30, 1876, wedded Miss Lydia E. Eine- hart, a native of Sullivan County, and daughter of John Rine- hart, formerly of West Virginia. To this union five children were born: Clandie May and Walter Olin, living; Sarah V., deceased at the age of three; Olie E., who died when eighteen months old, and Minnie U., when sixteen months old. After his marriage Mr. Stone purchased some raw land, which he at once began to improve. He now owns 518 acres of good land, 478 acres of which constitute the home place. This is mostly meadow, pasture and plow land, and is well fenced and cared for. Mr. Stone resides in a good and comfortable residence, and owns two good barns, sheds, etc. Mr. Stone is a successful stock raiser, and for four years has been engaged in breeding and shipping pure blooded Poland-China hogs, which he exhibits in Sullivan and adjoining counties ; and he is a shareholder in the Standard Poland-China Record Association. He belongs to Arcana Lodge, No. 389, at Wintersville, Mo., and is the senior member of same. Marion C. Stone was born in Sullivan County, Mo., Decem- ber 30, 1864, and is a son of Martin and Chaney Stone [see sketch of John E. Stone]. He was reared to manhood on his father's farm, and received a good common-school education dur- ing his youth. He has devoted his attention entirely to agri- cultural pursuits, and is now a successful farmer and stock raiser, and one of the enterprising and industrious young farmer citizens of the county. He owns 880 acres of good land, 400 of which are nicely improved and constitute the home place. He SULLIVAN COUNTY. 907 lives in a comfortable one-story-and-a-lialf residence, which is sur- rounded by a fine apple orchard of about 200 trees. He is great- ly interested in stock raising, owns stock scales, and is well equipped in all respects for the successful promulgation of his business. June 22, 1887, he was united in marriage to Miss Ursula J., daughter of JefEerson Swanger, formerly of Pennsyl- vania but now a resident of Polk Township. Mrs. Stone was born, reared and educated in Sullivan County, and is a faithful and consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. James M. Stringer was born in Pulaski County, Ky., in 1839, and is a son of Jefferson and Hannah (Starns) Stringer. His father was a native of the same county, born in 1808, and of En- glish descent. October 17, 1852, he went to Sullivan County, and entered land in Taylor Township, where he spent the remainder of his life engaged in farming. He was one of the pioneer settlers of the county, and one of its most enterprising and successful citizens, at one time owning 2,800 acres of land, making him one of the largest land owners of the county, and also dealing extensively in cattle and mules. His death occurred August 18, 1877. Mrs. Stringer was also a native of Pulaski County, Ky., born in 1818, and died in 1887. She was the mother of ten children, eight of whom are living, our subject being the eldest. He came to Sullivan County with his parents when thirteen years of age, and resided at home until nineteen. Novem- ber 11, 1858, he married Miss Eachael Humphreys, who was born in Taylor Township, Sullivan County, Mo., in 1840, and is a daughter of George Humphreys. Of this union there are ten children living: Lizzie, Jane (wife of Noble Smith), William D., George J., Cora, John E., Catherine, James, Emma and Ocia. After his marriage Mr. Stringer located near the old home place, where he has since resided. He and his sister Laura were at one time the owners of the present site of the town of Humph- reys, he owning the portion west of Main Street, and his sister the eastern part. Mr. Stringer now owns 1,400 acres of fine land, and is one of Sullivan County's most substantial farmer citizens. In 1883 he purchased the Humphreys Mills, at a cost of $12,000. The mill has been improved to a full roller proc- ess, and has a capacity of fifty barrels per day, and man- ufactures "EoUer Patent," "Sweep Stake," "0. K," and " Victory " flour for both home and foreign consumption. Dur- ing the war Mr. Stringer was a member of the State Militia for quite a while. In politics he is a Prohibitionist. Conrad Stringer, farmer and stock raiser of Humphreys, was born in Pulaski County, Ky., in 1843, and is a son of James M. ^j\d ijlizabeth (Starns) Stringer. Conrad was the third child 908 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. born to his parents, and when but eight years old was brought to Sullivan County, Mo., where he continued to live with his parents until twenty-six years of age. He received a district school education during his boyhood, and during the late war served in the Missouri State Militia. In November, 1869, he married Miss Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Wright. This lady was bora in Chariton County, Mo., in 1851, and has borne our subject two children: Carrie Lee and Mattie Mabel. After his marriage Mr. Stringer located on the old home place, one mile south of Humphreys, and in 1884 moved upon his present place, where he has since resided. He is the happy possessor of 1,100 acres of land in Taylor Township, and a dwelling house and nine lots in Humphreys. He is a prominent and wealthy citizen, and one of the leading farmers and stock raisers of the county, keep- ing on an average of from 150 to 200 head of stock. He is united with the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and his wife with the Christian Church. In politics he is a Prohibi- tionist, and his first presidential vote was cast for Lincoln in 1864. Dr. D. K. Stringer, of Humphreys, was born in Pulaski County, Ky., in 1848, and is a son of James M. and Elizabeth (Starns) Stringer. The father was of Welsh descent, born in Pulaski County, Ky., in 1812, and a farmer and stock raiser by occupa- tion. In 1851 he immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., entering land in Taylor Township, upon which he located and spent the remainder of his life. He was a successful farmer and citizen, owning at one time 1,000 acres of land, and officiating as justice of the peace of Taylor Township ten years. His death occurred in 1878. The mother is of Irish-Dutch descent, and born in the same county as her husband, in 1822. She is still living, and the mother of eight children. Dr. D. K. Stringer being the sixth. He was brought to Sullivan County when two years old, being educated during his youth at the district schools of the vicinity in which he lived. During the Rebellion he enlisted in Company B, Thirteenth Regiment, Missouri Cavalry, United States Army, and participated in the battles of Independence, Jefferson City, Pilot Knob, Big Blue and. Mine Creek. He served until May, 1866, spending one year on the plains, and received his discharge at Fort Leavenworth, Kas. He then returned to his farm duties, spending the winter evenings in the study of med- icine, Dr. W. W. Mantelo being his preceptor, and with whom he afterward practiced three years. In 1875 he went to California for his health, and there practiced his profession until 1877, when he returned to the home of his boyhood. In the winter of 1879- 80 he attended the College of Physicians aiid Surgeons at Keokuk, SULLIVAN OODNTY. 909 Iowa, graduating as an M. D. from same, March 2, 1880. He immediately located near Humphreys, and, when that town was laid out moved into the village, being the first physician and surgeon of the place. He has met with good success in his pro- fession, being highly esteemed, and controlling a large practice. In January, 1872, he married Miss Annie E. Eussell, daughter of Jonathan Eussell. Mrs. Stringer was bom at Harper's Ferry, Va., in 1852, and is the mother of three children: Elizabeth (deceased), Jessie B. and Mabel Lee. In politics the doctor is very conservative, voting for the men he thinks best fitted for the position without regard to party affiliations. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, No. 437, situated at Humphreys. Thomas J. Stringer is a son of Jefferson and Hannah (Starns) Stringer, and was born in 1858 on the same farm on which he now resides. He was reared in his native county, and edu- cated in the common schools of same. At the age of nineteen he began life for himself as an independent farmer, which occupa- tion he has since been engaged in with the exception of a year spent in the mercantile business in Humphreys. He is a well- to-do farmer, and is proud of the fact that he has never lived elsewhere than in his native county. In 1881 he was united in marriage to Eliza Weston, a native of Sullivan County, by whom he has had two children: Maud and Mamie. In politics Mr. Stringer was formerly a Democrat, but is now identified with the Prohibitionist party, of which he is a strong advocate, and for which cause he is an active and earnest worker. Mr. Stringer is not a church member, but, nevertheless, contributes liberally to the support of the gospel. Abner Summers, a farmer and stock raiser of Pleasant Hill Township, was born in Tazewell County, 111., in 1834, and is a son of James and Jane (Lester) Summers, a native of North Carolina and Tennessee, respectively. The father was born about 1797 or 1798, and was of Dutch ancestry. He moved with his parents to Southern Illinois, and afterward to Tazewell County, where he was married in 1824. He spent the residue of life in that county, and died there in 1844. He was chiefly occupied attending to his farm, but served some time in the Black Hawk War. The grandfather of our subject was a Revolutionary soldier. Both the father and mother were members of the Cumberland Presby- terian Church. The latter was born in 1802, and died in 1883. Our subject was reared at home, and received but a subscription school education. At the commencement of the Rebellion our subject took a firm stand for the Union cause, and in 1861 enlisted in Company B, Third Illinois Cavalry, and operated in 910 BtOGEAtHICAL APtENDlX. the western department under Gen. Fremont, then in the extreme south as quartermaster-sergeant. He participated in the battles of Rear Ridge, Yicksburg, Arkansas Post, and a great many other Union engagements. He remained in service about three years, until the expiration of his enlistment, when he was mustered out at Springfield, HI., in 1864. He then returned home, and in 1865 married Miss Mary, daughter of Daniel and Euth Dillon, a native of Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Summers have had five children, four of whom are now living: Clark (of Kansas), Anna, Edward and Frank. Mrs. Summers died in 1880, and our subject then married Miss Mary, daughter of Elder John and Mary Starkey. In 1871 he removed to Sullivan County, and located eight miles southeast of Milan, where he has since resided, and where he possesses 340 acres of land. He has always devoted his time to farming and stock raising, and has proved successful at both, and by his energy and good business ability has accumulated quite a little property. He was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Fillmore, in 1856, but since the war has been a Republican- He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and G. A. R. Mrs. Summers belongs to the Baptist Church. James M. Summerville, merchant and postmaster, at Judson, Mo., was born in Jackson County, W. Va., February 8, 1854. His father, A. J., and his mother, Sarah (Ott) Summerville, were both natives of Virginia. The family moved to Missouri, in March, 1885, and now reside five miles west of Milan. James M. grew to manhood in his native county, where he was for several years engaged in buying and shipping cattle. He came to Missouri in the fall of 1885, and located in Sullivan County. 'Mr. Summerville purchased the store, where he is now located, in July, 1886, and has since carried a stock of general merchandise. By his pleasant and agreeable manners he has secured a very good trade for a country store. He was appointed postmaster of Jud- son, in 1887. May 1, 1879, he marriedMiss E. J., adaughterof Andrew Summerville, of Virginia. To this marriage, three chil- dren have been born: Ella, Glen and Marvin. Mr. and Mrs. Summerville are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Hon. John M. Swallow was born in Dearborn County, lud., in 1843, and is a son of Garrett V. and Elizabeth A. (Henderson) Swallow. The family is descended from two brothers, who left England prior to the Revolutionary War, and settled, one in Rhode Island, and one farther west. Garrett V. was a descend- ant of the latter brother, and was born in Dayton County, Ohio, in 1816. When four years of age he accompanied his father, Garrett Swallow, to Dearborn County, Ind. The father was a pioneer settler of Southeast Indiana, and a soldier in the War of SULLIVAN COUNTY. 911 1812. Garrett V. learned the wagon and carriage maker's trade during his youth, and was married in Dearborn County, Ind. In 1858 he removed to Sullivan County, Mo., where he entered 200 acres of land, and spent the remainder of his life engaged in farming. His death occurred in 1872. Elizabeth A. (Hen- derson) Swallow is of Irish and German descent, and was born in Kentucky in 1816. She is the mother of eight children, of whom John M. is the second. When fifteen years of age he came to Sullivan County, and received a good education at the high school at Dillsboro, and afterward attended the State Normal School at Kirksville about two years. In 1861 he enlisted in the Union army, serving three months in Capt. Cran- dall's company. He then returned home, and in March, 1862, enlisted in Company H, Seventh Eegiment Missouri Cavalry (known as "Black Hawk Company"), for three years, his serv- ices being confined to Southern Missouri and Arkansas. He participated in the battle at Prairie Grove and several severe skirmishes. After receiving his discharge in March, 1865, at Pine Bluff, he returned home, and in 1869 began to teach school, continuing at this vocation two terms. Having begun the study of law in 1867 he was admitted to the bar in 1871, and immedi- ately opened an office in Milan, where he has since devoted his entire attention to his profession. During this time he has practiced alone with the exception of three years, when Mr. L. Cover was his partner. He is an able lawyer, and a forcible and logical debater, and was, therefore, appointed prosecuting attorney of Sullivan County, in 1871, and served in that capacity about a year. In politics he is a stanch Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln in 1864. In Masonry he is a Knight Templar. December 28, 1871, he married Miss Fannie C. Hooker, daughter of Judge David C. Hooker, th^n of Kirks- ville, but now a resident of Dakota. Mrs. Swallow was born in Ohio in 1853, and is a worthy member of the Presbyterian Church. John Tallman, a farmer of Morris Township, was born in Pennsylvania, in 1829, and is the son of Jacob and Mary (Gel- wick) Tallman, natives of Pennsylvania, who were born in 1802 and 1803, respectively, and married about 1824. In 1857 they removed to Sullivan County, and located in Morris Township, where the mother still lives, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. The father died in 1869. He was of Welsh and Ger- man descent, a farmer, and a member of the German Reformed Church. Our subject was reared at home, and received a com- mon-school education. He came to SuJlivan County in 1857, and in 1860 was married to Miss Louisa J., daughter of Hilary 912 BIOGEAPSlOAli APPENDIX. and Harriet Pickerel, a native of Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Tallman have had seven children, viz. : Mary J., Wilbur, John J., George Burris, Clarence, Charles and Cora Edna. Since his marriage our subject has been a resident of Morris Township, Section 33, where he has a fine farm of about 700 acres, but possesses in all about 1,000 acres, which makes him one of the leading farmers of the township. Most of his property has been obtained by industry and frugality. Quite a number of years during early life he worked at carpentering, having learned that trade when a boy, and in 1848 he went to the Shenandoah Valley, where he remained eight years engaged in contracting and build- ing in nearly all the leading cities and towns of that part of the State. He also worked, during a part of 1856-57, in Fulton County, 111. He has served several terms as township trustee, and has been asked to accept the position of justice of the peace, but peremptorily refused. He was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Scott, in 1852, but since 1856 has been a Democrat. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Seaman Lodge, at Milan, and is also a member of the A. O. U. W., of Browning Lodge. Mrs. Tallman belongs to the Methodist Church. During the war Mr. Tallman remained strictly neutral, "with friendship toward all, and malice toward none." He escaped the ravages and distui'bances of war by which so many suffered. It was through his influence, primarily, that the Wini- gan post-office was established. Jacob Taylor is a native of East Tennessee, and was born April 8, 1833. His father, Peter Taylor, and his mother, Amelia (Holland) Taylor, were also born in Tennessee. The family moved to Missouri in 1834, locating in Clay County, where Mr. Taylor died the same year. Mrs. Taylor then moved to Sullivan County with her family, where her father had previously settled. Here Jacob passed his youth, and was reared to manhood upon a farm. November 20, 1856, he was united in marriage in Sullivan County to Lucinda Eaton, a native of Shelby County, Mo., by whom he had six children: James E., Mary J. (wife of Thomas Porter), Sarah E. (wife of Lewis Harmon), William H., Lucinda and Thomas P. The last thrjee are unmarried. Mrs. Taylor died February 16, 1875. After his marriage Mr. Taylor located upon land he had previously entered, and upon which he now resides. He originally entered but 120 acres, but has since bought more, until he now owns 280 acres of land, 250 fenced, and 150 of which are cleared and utilized for meadow, pasture and plow land. He was somewhat of a hunter during the time that deer and wild game abounded in this region, and on two different occasions has killed five deer in one day, sometimes killing two at one shot. SULLIVAN COUNTY. 913 Turkeys, bears and wolves were also often seen, and wild honey was plentiful. There were a few Indians in the neighborhood, but they were peaceful and not troublesome. September 8, 1878, Mr. Taylor was married to Emily Auxier, daughter of G. W. Aux- ier, formerly of Kentucky, where Mrs. Taylor was born and reared. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have lost two children, one dying in infancy and one — Ann Eliza, who died December 19, 1879, while in her eighteenth year. Mr. Taylor is a sociable man, and relates many interesting incidents of his early life in Missouri. Ex-Judge Keuben S. Taylor, one of the prominent farmers, stock raisers and shippers of Union Township, is a native of Holmes County, Ohio, where he was born in 1843. He is a son of James E. and Fannie (Sheets) Taylor, natives of Pennsylva- nia, and born in 1816. While young both accompanied their parents to Holmes County, where they were afterward married, in 1840, and remained in that county until 1864, when they departed for Sullivan County, Mo., where they located, fourteen miles east of Milan, purchasing a good farm, upon which the father died in 1873, and where the mother still lives. They both were united to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Taylor was of Irish descent, and, previous to his residence in Missouri, followed the trade of shoemaldng, but after that devoted his time to agricultural pursuits for a number of years. He held the office of justice of the peace at the time of his death, and prior to that had filled several other township offices. Our subject lived at home during his younger days, and, as he was the eldest child, was compelled to assist his father during the busy fall season, which necessarily limited his educational advantages, which at most were not very great. He attended the common schools, however, as much as he was able. At the time of the last war he offered his services in behalf of the Union, but was rejected on account of disability. He accompanied his parents to Sullivan County, where he was united in marriage to Miss Louisa L., daughter of Richard and Phoebe Lewis, a native of Holmes County, Ohio, who afterward died in 1868. His second marriage occurred in 1880 to Miss Ida B., born in May, 1857, and who is the daughter of Dr. Isaac B. and Kate Weaver, formerly of New York, where Mrs. Taylor was born, but now living at Ringor Point. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor have three children, viz. : Maude E., born September 28, 1881; Claude E., born January 13, 1888, and Jacob Irvin, born January 24, 1885. Mr. Taylor has since made his home on the old farm, being at present the owner of 278 acres, which includes the old homestead. Our subject is one of the thorough business men of Sullivan County, and his property is the result of his close application to business and good finan- 914 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. cieriDg. In 1882 he was elected county judge i of the Eastern District by a majority of about thirty-one, and in 1884 was re-elected by a majority of over 300, thus proving his popularity and satisfactory official record. He was solicited by many to become a candidate for the third term, but peremptorily refused, as he has often previously done in regard to other offices. He is a member of the Masonic order, and a good Republican, casting his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant, in 1868. William H. Taylor is a son of Eobert and Barbara (Hay) Taylor, both natives of Orphar Parish, Orkney Islands, where they lived and died. Eobert Taylor was the father of. six sons and one daughter by his first wife, but after her death was mar- ried to Bppie Slater, by whom he had one daughter. Mr. Tay- lor and both his wives were members of the Presbyterian Church. He was a proficient stonecutter, and in connection with his trade engaged in farming. He was an honest and upright man, well esteemed by his friends and neighbors. William H. was the fifth child born to the first marriage, and his birthplace was the same as his parents'. He was there reared and educated at the common schools, and became a well-informed man, and an earnest admirer of Burns. Being obliged to herd geese and cattle, he became disgusted with life in his native country, and left home on a whaling vessel, but soon abandoned that life. When seven- teen years of age he started for Quebec, where he landed with but $5. For three years he sailed upon the Great Lakes, and for sixteen years was engaged in mining coal. In 1865 he came to Sullivan County, where he has since made his home. April 6, 1866, he married Frances, daughter of William and Elizabeth (Mc- MuUen) Avery. Mrs. Taylor was born in England September 29, 1846, and is of English parentage. After coming to Amer- ica Mr. and Mrs. Avery located first in Pennsylvania, but after- ward moved to Maryland, where the mother died December 25, 1855, aged fifty-three. She was the mother of fifteen children, of whom Mrs. Taylor was the youngest. After her death Mr. Avery married Elizabeth McMuUen, who was, however, not related to his first wife. He died in Sullivan County, Mo., March 7, 1882. To Mr. and Mrs. Taylor one child, Mary Eliz- abeth, was born February 13, 1867. Mr. Taylor is a self-made and successful man. He is at present the owner of 280 acres of land, well improved and cultivated, and is one of the respected citizens of the county. In politics he is a Democrat. When under the control of his parents he was compelled to act as a strict Presbyterian, and upon his arrival in this country he nat- urally began to think of the pleasures of this world and the mis- eries of the world to come as were taught by the theologians of StJLLlTAN COUNTY. 9lS ttat day. The fear of the hereafter left him in time, and he became an infidel, and as such became a subscriber to the Boston Investigator, in 1862, of which he has since been a patron. Later he became an agnostic upon religious matters. In 1862 he took out his full naturalization papers at Bellville, 111., and has since been a law-abiding and worthy citizen, although having often been persecuted for opinion's sake. Dr. William L. Taylor, a practicing physician and surgeon at Greencastle, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, November 6, 1853, and received his education during early life, partly from his father and partly at the common schools. He accompanied his parents to Adair County in 1866, and in 1873 began the study of medicine under Dr. George A. Shirley, of Willmathsville, and in the winter of 1874^75 attended the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, Iowa. In the spring of 1876 he grad- uated from the American Medical College, of St. Louis, and imme- diately began the practice of his chosen profession at Willmaths- ville, but in the fall of 1876 removed to Greencastle, where he continued his practice with renewed energy and great success, and has already established a lucrative and extended practice, ranking among the foremost of the medical fraternity of Sullivan County. In 1877 he was appointed pension examiner for Sulli- van County, which position he held until the change of adminis- tration, when he was removed for political reasons. He was chairman of the town board of trustees for four years. In 1877 he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob and Mary Gribeler, formerly of Ohio, where Mrs. Taylor was born in Holmes County. To Mr. and Mrs. Taylor two children have been born : Ola and Dot. Our subject is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Hayes. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and of the Select Knights. He and his wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. The Doctor's parents. Prof. Isaac N. and Sidney C. (Beal) Taylor, are natives of Belmont County, Ohio, where they were reared and married. They remained in that State until 1866, when they moved to Adair County, later, in 1881, coming to Sullivan County, and now reside eight miles southwest of Greencastle. Mr. Taylor received a good college education, and is a fine Greek and Latin scholar. He was admitted to the bar, but abandoned that profession, and until within a few years his occupation has been that of teaching. His father was a native of Ireland, and a physician by profession. Soon after his removal to Missouri Prof. Taylor was licensed by the Methodist Episcopal Church to preach the gospel, which he has done more or less ever since. 916 IBIOGEAPfilCAL APPENDIX. Eev. Ira L. Terry, a farmer and stock raiser of Penn Town- ship, was born in Morris County, N. J., March 5, 1818, and is the eldest son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Coleman) Terry, also natives of the same county, and born February 13, 1793, and May 6, 1794, respectively. They received but a meager educa- tion, and were married February 1, 1817, and in February, 1823, removed to New York, and, some time after the war, in 1866, removed to Flushing, Mich., where they lived the remainder of their lives. The father died April 2, 1879, and the mother four or five years previous. The former was of English, and the latter of Dutch origin. Mr. Terry was a farmer, and a son of Caleb Terry. Our subject was reared under the parental roof, and received a common -school education, but for the greater part of his knowledge he is indebted to his own efforts. After teaching a few years he attended Groton Academy. After that he worked at carpentering during the summer, and taught school during the winter months for several years. September 7, 1841, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Philo and Lois (Osborn) Foot, a native of New York. To this couple seven children were given, five of whom are living, viz. : Nathan- iel W. (of Kansas), Philo Foot, Lois Ida (wife of James F. Van Vleet, of New York), Mary Ella (wife of Clement W. Meals), and Bishop Olin. Mr. Terry remained in New York until 1873, when he removed to Sullivan County, and located in Penn Town- ship, where he has a fine farm of 286 acres, one and one-half miles west of Greencastle, 240 acres north of Green City, and eighty acres in Buchanan Township. Mr. Terry is one of the prominent and enterprising agriculturists of the county, and his property is nearly all the result of his own industry, frugality, good management and financiering. He has made farming his sole occupation, in connection with which he has, for a number of years, been engaged in carpentering. He is an active worker in educational enterprises, and is greatly interested in the general welfare and prosperity of the country, and has given his children the advantages of a good business education. In early life he was a Whig, being reared under Whig influence, and cast his .first presidential .vote for Gen. Harrison, but recently he has identified himself with the Prohibition party, of which he is an active and earnest worker. He was formerly a Mason. When about twenty-two years of age, Mr. Terry received a license from the Methodist Episcopal Church to act as a local preacher, and has been more or less engaged in that good work ever since, meeting with encouraging results. Soon after his removal to Sullivan County he succeeded in rallying the disorganization of the denomination at that place, which has been in a healthy con- SULLIVAN COUNTY. 917 dition ever since. Mr. Terry has been a faithful and consistent member of the Methodist Church almost ever since his youth. R. H. B. Terry, a farmer and stock raiser of Penn Township, is a native of what is now Schuyler County, N. T., where he was born in 1828. He is a son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Coleman) Terry [see sketch of Ira L. Terry], and lived with his parents, receiving a common-school education, which he afterward supple- mented with a good business education gained through his own exertions. When twenty years old he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed exclusively for twenty years, but has since devoted his attention and time to farming, in which he has been quite successful. In 1856 he went to Wisconsin, where he was married in 1862 to Miss Mary F., daughter of Abraham and Emeline Coleman, of Wisconsin, where Mrs. Terry was born, and where her parents still live. In 1869 Mr. Terry removed to Sul- livan County, Mo., and has since been a resident of Penn Town- ship, where he has a fine and well-improved farm' of 120 acres, two miles west of Greencastle, and forty acres in another tract. He served one term as justice of the peace while in Wisconsin. He was reared a Whig Abolitionist, and cast his first presiden- tial vote for John C. Fremont, in 1856, but recently has identified himself with the Prohibition party, of which he is an earnest worker. Mr. Terry has been also identified with various promi- nent detective associations, through which he has been the means of bringing a number of noted criminals to justice. He is at present a member of the " Kansas Detective Bureau." Mrs. Terry is a member of the Methodist Church. Charles W. Thomas is a son of John F. and Sarah (Crutcher) Thomas. John F. was born in Patrick County, Va., in 1811, and is a son of Washington and Polly (France) Thomas. Washing- ton Thomas was born in Virginia, and was a farmer by occupation. John F. is the third of a family of seven children, and the only one now living. He left the parental roof at the age of twenty- three, and assumed charge of and managed a plantation for five years, and the next two years was foreman of a farm of his uncle's. In 1839 he left his native State, and located in Saline County, Mo. In 1840 he came to Sullivan County, and entered 160 acres of land in Clay Township. In October, 1842, he mar- ried Miss Sallie Crutcher, daughter of Charles Crutcher, of Mon- roe County, Mo. Mrs. Thomas was born in Patrick County, Va., in 1809, and was the mother of four living children: Charles W., John, Julia (wife of Levi Seltzer), and MoUie (wife of John H. Moberly. After his marriage Mr. Thomas located upon his farm, where he resided until 1884, when he moved to Milan, since which time he has been living a retired life. I^is first wife 918 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. died in 1880, and in DecemBer, 1883, Mr. Thomas was united in marriage to Mrs. Rachel Payne, nee Burgess, widow of William Payne, and daughter of Henry D. Burgess. Mrs. Thomas was born in Fleming County, Ky., in 1836, and by her first marriage had two children: Virginia Eva (wife of Dr. W. L. M. Witter, of Milan) and Delia (wife of John P. Butler, attorney at law, of Milan). Mr. Thomas began life comparatively a poor man, but by hard work and good management has attained a handsome com- petency, at one time owning 1,490 acres of land, and being one of the largest land holders in Clay Township. He is an active and enterprising man, and, although he never attended school, after his marriage learned to read and write. He is a Democrat, and cast his fi.rst presidential vote for Harrison in 1840. His wife is a member of the Christian Church. Charles W. Thomas was born January 25, 1845, in Clay Township, within half a mile of his present residence. He grew to manhood upon his father's farm, and, April 11, 1872, was united in marriage, in Put- nam County, Mo., to Miss Nancy Belle Williams, daughter of Joseph and Laurana Williams. Mrs. Thomas was born in Medi- cine Township, Putnam County. After his marriage Mr. Thomas located upon his present farm, which consists of 560 acres of land on West Locust Creek, all in one tract and well fenced. Five hundred acres are well cultivated and devoted to meadows,' pas- tures and fields. He lives in a good one-and-a-half -story resi- dence, which is surrounded by a good orchard and outbuildings. In connection with his farm Mr. Thomas deals some in stock, and owns some fine grade cattle. To his union with Mrs. Thomas one son, Joseph W., was born March 27, 1873. Mr. Thomas is a member of Putnam Lodge, No. 190, A. F. & A M., and also of the A. O. U. W. lodge, at Milan. Simeon Thompson, a farmer and stock raiser, was born in Montgomery County, Ind., February 11, 1835, and is a son of Henry Thompson, who was a native of Kentucky, and Elizabeth (Cront) Thompson, a native of North Carolina. Henry Thomp- son was an early settler in Montgomery County, Ind., and in 1838 he moved and settled in Louisa County, Iowa, where he died in 1843. Our subject grew to manhood in the last named county, but came to Missouri while a young man in 1857, and settled in Sullivan County, in company with one older and two younger brothers. July 2, 1858, he was married, in Putnam County, to Miss Mary J., daughter of Nicholas Kennly, formerly of Kentucky, and one of the pioneers from that State. Mrs. Thompson was born in Shelby County, Mo., on the banks of Salt Creek. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Thompson settled on Pf farm in Putnam County, where tliey remained about five years, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 919 In 1863 he sold this farm and purchased the land upon which he now resides. February 10, 1862, Mr. Thompson enlisted in the Second Missouri Cavalry, Company L, and remained in serv- ice until his discharge January 10, 1863. He participated in the battle of Cherry Grove and numerous other minor engage- ments and skirmishes. After his discharge he returned to farm life, and now owns a farm of 240 acres, 160 of which are fenced and under good cultivation. He also has a good orchard of about 200 apple trees. Mr. Thompson is the father of the follow- ing nine children: Andy, Missouri (wife of J. W. Casson), Nancy (wife of William Clark), Laura (wife of T. J. White), Caroline (wife of John Rumley), John S., Henrietta, Robert and James W. Mr. Thompson is a true pioneer at heart, and longs for the days of his youth, and a country like the unsettled Sullivan County of yore, when lie often spent days hunting and returned with three deer and as many turkeys and other game as one could wish. He delights in reminiscences, and many a pleasant hour can be spent listening to stories of his youth. He is a member of the G. A. E. post at Green City, Mo. Ben. J. Thompson, a farmer and teacher of Union Township, is a native of Knox County, Ohio, where he was born in 1838. He is a son of Col. William and Catherine (Parker) Thompson. Col. Thompson was of Irish and French ancestry, and born in Pennsylvania, in 1812, but when two years old was brought by his parents to Ohio, where he passed his youth, and about 1837 was married, and about 1840 moved to Illinois, and from there to Iowa, in 1842, where he enlisted in the service of his country in 1861, as captain of Company C, First Iowa Cavalry, serving during the entire war in the Trans-Mississippi Department, and during his service was promoted to the brevet-brigadier generalcy. He afterward joined the regular army, and did service under Gen. Custer. He was placed on the retired list about 1875, and is now residing at Bismarck, Dak. The General was one of Iowa's first representatives in Congress, and served one term He was a candidate for re-election, but was defeated by a small majority. The mother, a native of Kentucky, died when our subject was an infant. Ben. J. Thompson was reared by his Grandfather Thompson until about eleven years of age, when he accompanied his father to Iowa. There he attended Howe's Academy, at Mount Pleasant, until 1856, and then went to Galesburg, 111., where he spent some time at Knox College. In 1859 he went to California, and in 1861 enlisted in the service of his country, joining Company C, First Cavalry Volunteer Infantry, and operated in Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, etc., until August 31, 1864, when he was honorably discharged at expiration of enlist- 920 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. ment. He then proceeded to Ohio, where he was married in 1869 to Miss Caroline J., daughter of Hezekiah K. and Eliza Robertson, a native of Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Thompson two children have been born: William 0. and Walter B. In 1870 Mr. Thompson came to Sullivan County, and located seven miles east of Milan, where he has a good and well-improved farm of 240 acres and sixteen acres of timber, which property he has accumulated by his own exertions. In connection with his farm- ing, Mr. Thompson has been more or less engaged in teaching school ever since 1859, being one of the efficient and practical educators of the county. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Douglas. Mrs. Thompson is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Alson N. Thurlo is of English descent, and was born in Marion County, Ohio, in 1829. His parents, John and Abagail (Hussey) Thurlo, were natives of New Hampshire and Massachusetts, re- spectively, and during their youth moved to Ohio, where they were married in 1822. In 1838 they started by wagon for Sul- livan County, Mo., with but a meager supply of this world's goods. Arriving at their destination Mr. Thurlo engaged in farming, which was his life occupation. Both himself and wife belonged to the Methodist Church, and both lie buried in Sullivan County. In politics Mr. Thurlo was once a Whig, but later changed his views and became a Democrat. Alson N. is one of a family of six sons and three daughters, and, accompanying his parents to Sullivan County during the early history of same, his educational advantages were naturally very limited, being confined to the old subscription schools of the neighborhood. In 1852 he was en- gaged to drive cattle from Milan to Sacramento City, Cal., and made the round trip upon the same mule. While there he earned a little money by purchasing a yoke of cattle on credit for $300 and selling them for $700, which was his first business venture. By teaming, mining and various other occupations, he steadily increased his savings, until in 1855 he returned home, and pur- chased a portion of the land upon which he now resides. In 1860 he married Amanda Johnson, daughter of Sampson John- son. Mrs. Thurlo was born in Sullivan County in 1841, and is the mother of three children: Columbus, Hinda and Henry. Mr. Thurlo has been a resident of Sullivan County for over forty years, during which time by honesty and upright dealing he has won an enviable reputation, and is honored and respected by the community. He is a successful farmer, and quite an exten- sive stock raiser, and, although he began life a poor boy, his efforts have been blessed and he now owns 540 acres of good land, under a fine state of cultivation. In politics he is a Demo- SULLIVAN COUNTY. 921 crat,. but has never been an aspirant for official honors, prefer- ring the quiet of farm life. ^ Columbus Thurlo is the seventh child of John and Abigail (Hussey) Thurlo [see sketch of Alson N. Thurlo], and was born in 1839. He was one of the first children born in Sullivan County, and, living during the pioneer days of same, was obliged to help in clearing the home place, and consequently was but poorly educate*. At the age of twenty-one he left home and be- gan life for himself. In 1862 he went to Nevada, and the follow- ing year traveled still further; went as far as California, where he engaged in teaming and kindred pursuits for about two years. After leaving San Francisco upon his return voyage he landed at Nicaragua, crossing to Nicaragua River upon pack mules. He sailed down the river to the Atlantic, and thence to New York City, thirty days being consumed by the entire journey. After returning home he engaged in farming, in which he has been suc- cessful. Although when he arrived in Nevada Mr. Thurlo had but one Mexican dollar, he has by economy and industry made his own way through the world, and is now the owner of 355 acres of good land in Sullivan County, and is considered a well-to-do farmer. In 1867 he married Mary C, daughter of George Smith, by whom he has had two children : John M. and Henry I. Mr. Thurlo is a stanch Democrat. James T. Triplett was born in Sullivan County, in the same neighborhood where he now resides, July, 4, 1849. His father, A. J. Triplett, was born in Bourbon County, Ky., November 15, 1825. His father, Hon. James C. Triplett, was a native of Vir- ginia, but moved to Kentucky with his parents, when a child, where he grew to manhood, and married Nancy Lydick, a native of Kentucky. The family moved from Kentucky to Missouri in 1832, and located in Monroe County, where J. C. improved a farm. He served the county as deputy sheriff, and also as county assessor. In January, 1862, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteer Iiifantry, at the age of sixty-two. He was a Jackson Democrat, and named the father of the subject of this sketch in honor of Andrew Jackson. He moved to Putnam County, in 1855, where he resided until his death February 14, 1884. In 1884 he was nominated and elected representative of Putnam County. A. J. Triplett, the father of our subject, went with his parents from Monroe to Sullivan County, in 1841, where he grew to manhood, and was married, October 29, 1847, to Miss Sarah Ann Wood, daughter of Thomas "Wood, formerly from Kentucky. Mrs. Trip- lett died here April 20, 1881, and was the mother of six children, all of whom were raised to maturity. After his marriage Mr. Triplett located in Clay Towpship, wheye he JiftP since beep 922 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. engaged in farming. He has filled several local offices of honor and trust, and has been a member of the Milan Lodge of Masonry since 1885. James T. Triplett, our immediate subject, was reared and educated in Clay Township, and was here married, November 14, 1872, to Miss Ann T., daughter of A. J. McClannahan. Mrs. Triplett was born and reared in Clay Township, and is the mother of three children: Cora F., Robert L. and Sarah A. Immedi- ately after his marriage Mr. Triplett engaged €n farming and stock raising. In 1879 he embarked in the mercantile business at Judson, but in 1886 sold out and returned to farming and stock dealing. He owns 160 acres of land in his home place, all under cultivation, and upon which are good buildings. He is identified with the Democratic party, and as such has served as constable about six years. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church South. W. H. Tripp, was born in Lorain County, Ohio, in 1836, and is a son of Hervey and Caroline M. (Thomas) Tripp. The father was born in New Bedford, Mass., in 1810, and was of English descent. The grandfather, Abner Tripp, was a native of Eng- land, and a sea captain by occupation. He settled in New Bed- ford, Mass., at an early date. Hervey spent most of his youth at Union Springs, N. Y., where he was married. In 1835 he moved to Lorain County, Ohio, but, after a residence there of three years, returned to Union Springs. In 1864 he moved to Bron- son, Mich., where he died the following year. By trade he was a stone and brick mason. The mother of our subject was born at Saratoga, N. Y., in 1810, and died in 1858. W. H. was the eldest of seven children, and was reared and educated at Union Springs, N. Y. When seventeen he began to work at his father's trade, and after becoming of age until the breaking out of the late war worked as a journeyman. September 1, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, First Wisconsin Cavalry, having moved to Palmyra, Wis., in 1859. He participated in the battles at Cape Girardeau, Mo., Chickamauga, Tenn., Dalton, Eesaca, besides several skirmishes, and accompanied Sherman from Chattanooga to Atlanta. He served as bugler of his division, and received his discharge Sep- tember 1, 1864, at Cartersville, Ga. He then went to Bronson, Mich., and January 2, 1865, married Miss Marion R. Winnegar, daughter of Datus E. Winnegar, of Madison, Mich. Mrs. Tripp was born in Syracuse, N. Y., in 1840, and by her two children were born: Datus W. and William H. After his marriage Mr. Tripp farmed in Bronson until 1869, when he sold his farm and moved to Kirksville, Mo., and for five years engaged in contract- ing and building. In 1874 he removed to Milan, where he has since resided. In 1880 he erected one of the finest three-story SULLIVAN COUNTY. 923 brick buildings in Milan, the upper part being used for an opera hall, and the lower being devoted to his liquor store. The build- ing is known as Tripp's Opera Hall. From 1874 to the present Mr. Tripp has been a liquor dealer, and is one of the prosperous business men of the town. He also owns a dwelling house and two lots. He is a member of the G. A. E. and K. of P., and in politics has always been a Republican. For six months during the year 1883 he served efficiently as the postmaster of Milan. Nicholas Troyer (deceased) was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1826, and was a son of Christopher Troyer, a native of Pennsyl- vania, and Magdaline (Oober). The father was a Menonite minister, who went to Canada. Nicholas was the third child of a family of six sons and two daughters. His early education was very limited. At the age of twenty-four he left the parental roof, and in 1850 was united in marriage to Mary, daughter of David and Mary (Troop) Eyer. Mrs. Troyer was born in Ontario, Canada, in 1834, and to her union with Mr. Troyer seven chil- dren were born: John H., Lewis N., Elizabeth, Mary A., Lena J., Lydia P. and Hattie B. Mr. Eyer was a native of Pennsylva- nia, and in his youth went to Ontario, where he married Mary Troop, a native of Ontario, and there passed the remainder of his days. In 1872 Mr. and Mrs. Troyer left Canada, and located in Linn County, Mo., where Mr. Troyer died of consumption in 1875. Both himself and wife belonged to the Menonite Church. Mr. Troyer had been crippled with rheumatism some time prior to his death, and, although a man of weak constitution, was full of energy. In 1876 his widow and children removed to Sullivan County, Mo., and located upon a farm of 200 acres, where they now live. The farm is ably and efficiently managed by Lewis N., the eldest and only living son, who is an enterprising and industrious young farmer. He is a Republican, and well merits the honor and respect accorded him by his associates. Stephen S. Tunnell was born in Hawkins County, Tenn., November 29, 1829, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Charles) Tunnell, natives of the same county and State. In the fall of 1851 the family moved from Tennessee to Missouri, settling in Sullivan County, where Mr. Tunnell entered about 2,500 acres of land, and improved a farm upon which he lived until his death in 1876. Nine sons and two daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Tunnell, all of whom grew to maturity. Six sons and one daughter are now living, Stephen being the only resident of Sullivan County. He accompanied his parents to Missouri when about sixteen years of age, and was here raised to manhood. He ^£18 united in marriage, in May, 1852, to Miss Elizabeth, daugh- 924 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. ter of John and Celia (Baily) Callahan, of Sullivan County, but formerly of Tennessee. Mrs. Tunnell was born in Tennessee, but reared in Clay County, 111., and is the mother of eight chil- dren: Mary J. (wife of John Edson), Martha A. (wife of William Ellis), Nancy Ann (wife of John Dulin), Letitia A. (wife of John Neidy), Sarah F., Celia C, John A. and Lucy J. Mr. and Mrs. Tunnell have eight grandchildren; they are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. After his marriage Mr. Tunnell entered 200 acres of land, to which he has since added until he is now the owner of 900 acres of land in Sullivan County, 600 acres being meadow and pasture land. He came to the county when it was but little settled, and during those days killed quite anumber of wild turkeys, etc. He is identified with the Demo- cratic party. Enoch W. Van Wye was born in Pittsburgh, Penn., July 8, 1830. His father, James Van Wye, was. born in Washington County, Penn., June 12, 1800, and his mother, Jane (Laird) Van Wye, was also a native of Pennsylvania. The family moved to Trumbull County, Ohio, in 1832, and from there went to Bar- tholomew County, Ind., where both father and mother died. Enoch W. received a fair-education at the public schools, but most of his information has been acquired by his own efforts and study without the aid of teachers. Before attaining his majority he taught school in Ohio and Indiana, and in April, 1856, came west, remaining a year and a half in Scotland County, Mo. He came to Sullivan County, and entered 120 acres of land in 1856, locat- ing upon it in October, 1857. He taught school a few terms after coming to Missouri, and when the town of Boynton was started engaged in the mercantile business here. In 1860 he was elected justice of the peace, which office he held seven suc- cessive yearS; and was the only acting justice of this locality dur- ing the war. He has since held the office of assessor, and also of collector of his township. He has a farm adjoining Boynton, and resides in the town upon a corner of his farm. He has about 300 acres in his home place, and his landed property in all amounts to about 1,300 acres. Mr. Van Wye was married in Columbus, Ind., September 1, 1853, to Miss Lucy, daughter of Arthur Van Wye. Mrs. Van Wye was born in Jennings County, Ind., in 1835, and is the mother of four children: Frank, Sher- man, Olive (wife of J. W. Tysor, of Kansas) and Lee. Mr. Van Wye joined the Masonic fraternity in 1863. Although somewhat advanced in years, Mr. Van Wye has never been addicted to the use of tobacco or intoxicating liquors. He is a member of the Anti-Horse Thief Association ; is president of Boynton Sub-Order and Deputy Grand President of the State of Missouri, of the fibove society. In politics he is ei Penaocrat j iu religion, a Baptist, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 925 George Yan Wye was born near Pittsburgh, Penn., Septem- ber 17, 1830, and is a son of Arthur and Amanda (Selly) Van Wye, natives of Pennsylvania and New York, respectively. Mr. Van Wye came to Sullivan County, Mo., in 1858, and died in this county at the residence of our subject in 1875. George accompanied his parents when they moved to Ohio in about 1835, settling in Scioto County, where they lived about six years. They then moved to Jennings County, Ind., where George Van Wye grew to manhood and was married. He moved from there to Sullivan County, Mo., in 1858, and entered and improved a farm of eighty acres upon which he now resides. He was married, in Bartholo- mew County, Ind., in February, 1855, to Miss Kebecca Hamler, a native of that county, by whom he has seven children : Joseph (married and in Denver, Colo. ), Electa (wife of Charles H. Miller, of Denver), Amanda (wife of David D. Grindstaff), Fannie, George, Edmond and Ruble. Mr. Van Wye is a member of the G. A. R. post at Pollock, and was formerly a member of the Bap- tist Church. Isaac M. Vinson was born in Adams County, 111., in 1843. His father, Isaac D. Vinson, was born in Tennessee. He came to Missouri, where he married Kittie Orr, a native of Bourbon County, Ky. After his marriage he moved to Adams County, 111., where he entered land and improved a farm, and where he and his wife both died. Isaac M. passed his youth in Adams County, 111., receiving a good common-school education, and at the age of twenty started for the far west. He spent three years in Idaho, California and Oregon, engaged in mining. He then returned via San Francisco, the Isthmus and Charleston, in 1866, and through the south to St. Louis in that year. He then engaged in farming ia his native county, but while a young man came to Missouri. He was married in Putnam County, Mo., to Nancy A. Wells, November 14, 1872. Mrs. Vinson is a daughter of James H. Wells, a substantial farmer of Putnam County, and was born in Adams County, 111. To her union with our subject five children have been born: Cora Alta, Kitty Victoria, Jesse James, Joel Thomas, and Elizabeth N. (who died December 12, 1879, at the age of two years seven months and twenty days). After his mar- riage Mr. Vinson resided one year in Putnam County, but in the spring of 1874 bought land and located in Sullivan County, upon its northern line. He at first bought 320 acres of land, which he begkn to improve, but has since added to his original purchase, and now owns 800 acres in one tract, 400 being situated in Put- nam County, and 400 in Sullivan. About 700 acres are utilized as pasture, plow and meadow land. His farm is well equipped for stock raising, and he makes a specialty of graded Shorthorns, 926 BIOGRAPfllCAL APPENDIX. of which he keeps on an average about 200 head. He also has about twenty horses. He is a member of the Putnam Lodge A. F.-& A. M., and is one of the prosperous and enterprising farmers of the county. Lieut. James Walker, a farmer and stock raiser of Union Township, was born in Perry County, Ind., in 1824, and is a son of Elijah and Nancy (Shaver) Walker, natives of Kentucky, born in 1793 and 1794, respectively. When about grown they removed to Indiana, where they were married and spent the remainder of their lives. Mr. Walker was a soldier in the national war depart- ment of the War of 1812, but spent most of his life farming. He died in 1872. Mrs. Walker was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and died in 1846. Our subject lived at home during his youth, with no education save that afforded by the common schools of that day. In 1856 he came to Sullivan County, and located five and a half miles south of Greencastle, where he has a tine farm of 303 acres all the result of his labor and management. Ten years of his early life were spent flat- boating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, but he has devoted most of his time to farming and stock raising. The first $10 which he earned he worked for thirty-one days. He was mar- ried in 1871 to Miss Anna C, daughter of Sylvester and Hester Rider, formerly of Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Walker nine children have been given, seven of whom are living, as follows: Harden, Lillie, Alice, Elijah, Rose, Allen and Henry. In February, 1862, Mr. Walker enlisted in the Missouri State Militia, Company G, Second Regiment Cavalry, and operated in Northeast Missouri and Southeast Missouri for about twenty-two months, when he resigned on account of disability, then holding the office of second lieutenant. Mr. Walker is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Taylor in 1848. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and also the G. A. R. Joseph R. Walters, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Penn Township, is a native of Butler County, Ohio, where he was born in 1839, and is a son of Isaac M. and Sarah A. (Hun- saker) Walters. Mr. Walters was of Anglo-Scotch origin, and was born in Maryland, in 1810, and when but a small boy was brought by his parents to Ohio, where he was reared, and in 1838 was married. When young he learned the printer's art, which he followed for some years as journeyman, after which he went to Liberty, Ind., where he published the Liberty Port- folio for about two years. He then returned to Hamilton, Ohio, where he conducted the Hamilton Intelligencer until 1840, when he retired from his journalistic labors. He then removed to Preble County, Ohio, where our subject spent the most of his SULLIVAN COUNTY. 927 younger days. He removed from the latter place in 1856, and went to Edgar County, 111., where he engaged in agricultural pursuits. Shortly before his death he removed across the line to Dana, Ind., where he died in November, 1885. Mrs. Walters was born in Pennsylvania, in 1815, and is still living at Dana, Ind. Both parents were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years. J. K. was reared under the parental roof, and received a common-school education. In 1856 he accom- panied his parents to Edgar County, 111., where he was married in 1860 to Miss Amanda, daughter of Jacob B. and Catherine Myqrs, formerly of Ohio, where Mrs, Walters was born. Mr. and Mrs. Walters have had seven children, all of whom are living: Theodore M. (a graduate of Mussleman Business College at Quincy, 111., but now of Washington Territory), Anna A. (now Mrs. E. J. Hannah), Laura 5- (wife of John P. Hook, of Morton County, Kas.), George H. (a graduate of Smith Bros. Business College, of Kirksville), Leotie, May and Maud. Mr. Walters came to Sullivan County in 1870, and located three miles south of Greencastle, where he has a fine farm of 300 acres, 'all of which he has obtained by his own diligence, labor and good man- agement. In December, 1868, he enlisted in Company F, Eleventh Indiana Cavalry, and entered the army of the Cumber- land. He was in the second Nashville and Franklin fights, and also a great many other minor engagements. He remained in service until the close of the war, when he was mustered out at Indianapolis in June, 1865. Mr. Walters is an earnest worker for all educational projects, and for the general welfare and pros- perity of the country. He has given his children the advantages of a good business education. Four of them were principally educated at the North Missouri State Normal, and three of them have been teachers. Mr. Walters is a Eepublican, and the first president he voted for was Abraham Lincoln, in 1860. He is a member of the G. A. E. Christian Wampler is a sou of Christian and Mary ( Whetzell) Wampler, natives of Virginia, the former born May 14, 1794, and the latter May 20, 1797. They were married in 1815, and after living in Wythe County, Va., a short time removed to Eussell County, of that State. In 1869 they left Eussell County and came to Sullivan County, Mo., where they passed the remainder of their lives. Both were members of the Methodist Church. The father was a farmer by occupation, and was a soldier in the War of 1812. Mrs. Wampler died in 1874, and Mr. Wampler in 1884. The subject of this sketch is of German descent, and was born in Eussell County, Va., in 1826, and was one of a family of eight sons and three daughters. He was reared upon the farm, 928 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. and althougli his educational advantages were quite meager, and he did not attend school more than six months, by patient study alone he gained enough practical education to transact his own business. In 1855 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., where he has since made his home. As a farmer here he has been very successful and now owns 170 acres of good land, and ranks among the old and respected citizens of the township. In 1856 he married Margaret E. Knifong, who was born in Russell County, Va., in 1834. This ■ union was blessed with six children: Mary A., Martha J., John B. F., Louisa M., William J. and Thomas J. J. Mrs. Wampler died in 1868, and in 1878 Mr. Wampler wedded Eliza Meade, a native of Russell County, Va., and born in 1859, by whom he had one child — Thuliah — born in 1879. Both wives of Mr. Wampler united with the Methodist Church. Mr. Wampler is a Democrat in politics. Dr. J. Ben Ward is a native of Ireland, and was born in Wexford in 1837. He is a son of Jacob and Frances (White) Ward, the former a farmer and stock dealer who started for America in 1852, but died before reaching this country. The mother and six children finished the journey and located in Cairo, 111. Mrs. Ward and her son then opened a store boat on the Ohio River, but in 1852 the mother was drowned. Our subject was about fifteen when he came to the United States. At the age of eighteen he began to study medicine with Dr. William Wood, of Cairo, 111., but the war coming on he joined the South- ern Army, and served in the First Mississippi Valley Reg- iment as surgeon. After the battle of Shiloh he was taken to Rio Grande and served as interpreter to the Spanish cotton merchants. The last eleven months of the war he spent at Havana, Cuba, but in 1865 returned to the United States, and began to practice his profession at Metropolis City, 111. In the summer of 1886 he opened an ojffice in Cincinnati, Ohio, but in November of the same year sold out and removed to St. Louis, Mo. In February, 1867, he came to Milan, where he has since enjoyed a good and lucrative practice and is accounted one of the most skillful and successful practitioners of the county. In September, 1886, he established a drug store with John S. Poole as a partner. He is the oldest physician in Milan, and the senior partner of the above named firm. In January, 1882, he married Lizzie O'Riley, a native of Ohio, and a member of the Roman Catholic Church. The Doctor is a Republican, and a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. Hugh C. Warren, Jr. Hugh C. Warren, 8r., is a son of William B. and Elizabeth (Canida) Warren, natives of Virginia and Pennsylvania, respectively, and born in 1774. After their STTLLIYAN COUNTY. 929 marriage they settled in Tennessee, and about 1820 located in Howard County, Mo. Mr. Warren was a Democrat, and for several years served as sheriff of Howard County. His occupa- tion was that of farming. Mr. and Mrs. Warren had nine chil- dren, three of whom are living, the youngest (at whose house they died) being about seventy-seven years old. He is the only living son, and was born in East Tennessee in 1810. He remained at home with his parents until twenty -six years of age, and in 1836 married Manerva Morris, who was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1816. In 1836 th§y moved to Sullivan County, Mo., where Mr. Warren has since made his home. He at first entered a small tract of land which he cleared and fenced, hauling the rails on a sled, but afterward became the owner of 1,000 acres of good land. In 1865 Mrs. jWarren died; she was the mother of six children, four of whom are living. Two years later Mr. Warren married Ariminta D. Putman, nee McPheeters. Mr. and Mrs. Warren are both members of the Missionary Baptist Church, as was also Mr. Warren's first wife. Mr. Warren is an enterprising merchant of Scottsville, Mo., having abandoned farming in 1876, and engaged in business with W. W. Ireland, whose interest was bought by Hugh C. Warren, Jr., the following year. The firm is now known as Warren & Son. H. C. Warren, Jr., the immediate subject of this sketch, was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1846, and was here married to Emily E. Mc- Pheeters, a native of Illinois, by whom eight children have been born, six of whom are living. He was engaged in farming until February, 1877, when he engaged with his father in the above named business. Both himself and father are Masons, the for- mer having been secretary, and the latter treasurer, for many years. The father held the office of magistrate for some time, and Hugh C, Jr., has served at township trustee and assessor. H. C. Warren, Sr., has been a resident of Sullivan County over fifty years, and is one of its oldest and most respected citizens. William L. Watson was born in Eipley County, Ind., June 13, 1841, and is a son of William and Honor (Low) Watson, natives of Ohio and Indiana, respectively. In 1845 the family moved to Lee County, Iowa, where Mr. Watson bought and im- proved a farm. He died there in 1881. William L. spent his youth upon the farm in Lee County, and October 1, 1861, enlisted in Company I; Fifteenth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, for three years. He then re-enlisted in December, 1863, and served until discharged at Davenport, in July, 1865. The first battle of importance in which he participated was that of Pittsburgh Landing; next came Corinth, luka, siege of Vicksburg and Atlanta. He also accompanied Sherman on his celebrated 930 BIOGRAPHICAL AJPPENdI'X. march to the sea. Although he fought in many skirmishes with his regiment he never received a serious wound. He was present at the grand review held in Washington, and after his discharge returned home to Lee County. Having heretofore had but lim- ited educational advantages he then attended the West Point, Iowa, school, and afterward took a complete course at the Keokuk Commercial College. He then engaged in the mercantile busi- ness in Clark County, Mo., about four years, during which time he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Callahan, December 31, 1868. Mrs. Watson was born in Ohio, and was a teacher in Clark County, being a lady of fine education and attainments. In 1871 Mr. Watson moved to Butler County, Kas. After two years of business life in that place he returned to Clark County, and engaged in farming. In 1879 he sold his farm and removed to Putnam County, Mo. In 1880 he came to Sullivan County, and embarked in business in Pollock, where he is now occupied in deal- ing in stock, the grain and general merchandise business. He is a Republican, and was nominated by that party in 1886 to represent his county in the Legislature. He is a member of the G. A. E.. post at Pollock, and also the Masonic lodge. Mrs. Watson died February 16, 1887, leaving the following family of children: Charles W., Oscar G., E. Edith, H. Jessie, Frank C. and Alice P. James C. Watson, farmer, stock dealer and brick manufact- urer, was born in Lee County, Iowa, April 23, 1853, and spent his youth in his native county upon a farm, becoming familiar with farm life. He received a liberal education at the common schools of the neighborhood, and at the Whittier College in Henry County, Iowa. After completing his studies he engaged in the mercantile business in Clark County, Mo., where he remained until 1877. He then sold out his business interests, and removed to Sullivan County. In the spring of 1881 he went into the mercantile business in Pollock, continuing in the same until 1886, since which time he has been engaged in buying and shipping cattle and grain. In the summer of 1887 he became interested in the manufacture of brjck, and is also engaged in that business in Pollock. September 7, 1877, he was married to Miss Alice, daughter of Granville Wilson, of Clark County, Mo., where Mrs. Watson was born. This union has been blessed with three children : Otho, May and Guy. Mr. and Mrs. Watson are worthy and respected citizens, and members of the Christian Union Church. Mr. Watson is identified with the Republican party. He is a member of the Pollock Masonic Lodge, and also of the Chapter at Milan. StTLLlVAN COUN'fY. &3l Madison W. Webb, farmer, was born August 2, 1845, in Monroe County, Ky., and is a son of Washington and Priscilla (Marshall) Webb. The father was born in Tennessee in 1800, and was a farmer by occupation. After his marriage he lived in Kentucky until 1845, when he immigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., and located in Polk Township. His death occurred in 1879. Mrs. Webb was born in Monroe County, Ky., in 1808, and died in 1879. Madison was the ninth in a family of thir- teen children, and when two years old was brought to Sullivan County, living with his parents until nineteen years of age. In August, 1864, he enlisted in Company I, Forty-fourth Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and fought for the Union until his discharge in April, 1865. He participated in the battles of Columbia, Spring Hill, Franklin, Tenn., and Nashville, where he lost two fingers of the right hand. In November, 1865, he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Jane Conkin, daughter of Jacob Conkin, a native of Sullivan County, born in 1847. This union has been blessed with nine children: Louella, Alonzo, Priscilla, Bird, Melinda, Maggie Jane, Thomas, Charles, and Madison W. In 1869 Mr. Webb purchased eighty acres of land upon which he now resides. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln, in 1864. He is a member of the G. A. R. Dr. D. L. Whaley, physician and surgeon of Scottsville, is a son of David and Alta (Sherwood) Whaley, natives of New York City and Ohio, respectively. In early life they went to Iowa, where they were married and lived until 1852. Mr. Whaley then went to California in search of gold, where he remained four years successfully engaged in mining. He then returned and brought his family to Sullivan County, Mo. Dur- ing his early life he was engaged in piloting boats over the rapids of the Mississippi River. For one term he served as county judge, filling that office very satisfactorily and efficiently. Mrs. Whaley is a member of the Christian Church. Our subject is the eldest of a family of nine children, three sons and four daughters of whom are living. He received a common -school education during his early days, and at the age of twenty began to read medicine under Dr. Mantlo, of Sullivan County, and later read with Dr. Thomas Kinlin. After about a year and a half he attended lectures at Ann Arbor, Mich. Upon returning home he practiced about eighteen months with his former preceptor, and, in 1874, opened an office of his own in Scottsville. He has been a practicing physician of the last named place over thirteen years, and well deserves the success which he is enjoying. In 1880 he married Alfe Tunnel, who was born in Sullivan County 932 BIOGKAPHIOAL APPENDIX. in 1856. This union has been blessed with three children: Eoy "W., Claude L. and Kobert A. (deceased). Mrs. Whaley is a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and Dr. Whaley is a member of the Blue Lodge in Masonry. Ed. A. Williams is of Irish descent upon the paternal and Dutch on the maternal side. His parents, Robert L. and Mary (Morelock) Williams, were both born and reared in Tennessee. They came to Sullivan County when young, and, after their mar- riage, settled upon a farm, where they passed their lives. For many years the father held offices of public trust; for four years he was treasurer of the county, and also held the office of sheriff, succeeding his father-in-law, who was killed while trying to arrest a party. In politics he was formerly a Whig, but later became a Democrat. Mr. Williams died in 1858, and his widow afterward became the wife of Elihu Erazier. Mrs. Erazier was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. At the time of his death Mr. Williams left a moderate fortune, which he had accumulated through hard work and economy. Ed. A. Williams, our immediate subject, was born in Duncan Township, in 1855, where he was reared upon the farm. His early educa- tion was very meager, his life at school not amounting to more than nine months in all. At the age of fourteen he began to work for wages, and continued to do so until 1881. In that year he was united to Emeline Clem, with whom his wedded life was brief, as she soon departed this life. In 1886 he was united in marriage to Mary F. Atkins, daughter of James W. Atkins. This union has been blessed with one child, Alpha ; and to his first marriage one child, Emma V., was born. Mr. Williams is a well-to-do farmer, owning about 200 acres of good land. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and he is a worthy menfiber of the Masonic fraternity. Hon. D. M. Wilson, A. M., was born in Adams County, Penn., in 1853, and is a son of Davis A. and Martha E. (McConaughy) Wilson. The Wilson family is descended from three brothers, who located in Adams County, Penn., in 1734, having left Ire- land, their native land. David A. Wilson was born in Adams County, Penn., in 1821, and was a Presbyterian minister. He was educated at Marshall College and at the Princeton Theolog- ical Seminary. He spent seven years in Africa as a missionary. In 1861 he moved to Washington County, Mo., and enlisted in the army as chaplain of the Eighth Missouri State Militia, com- manded by Col. J. W. McClurg. He served about two years and a half. He spent the latter part of the war in Ironton, Iron County, Mo., where he resided five years. In 1869 he was appointed warden of the State prison, by Gov. McClurg, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 933 and served two years; for six months he was vice-president of the Lindenwood Female Seminary. In the winter of 1871 he came to Milan, and served as pastor of the Presbyterian Church until ^886. He then went to Dakota, and afterward returned to Iron- ton, where he is at present engaged in minister al duties. His wife was born in 1821, and is of Scotch-Irish descent, her ancestors having settled in America about the same time that her husband's came to this country. D. M. Wilson is the only living child o£ Mr. and Mrs. Wilson, and was educated at Han- over College and the State University of Missouri, from which he graduated in 1875. He then began to study law under Hon. John M. Swallow and Lucien Cover, of Milan, and in 1876 went to Gettysburg, Penn., and read with his uncle, David McCon- aughy. In 1877 he was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Gettysburg until 1881, when he transferred his practice to Milan. In 1878 he received the degree of A. M. In 1883 he was elected school commissioner of Sullivan County, and in 1884 he was elected prosecuting attorney of the county, and re-elected to the same office in 1886. He is now discharging the duties of that position in a highly satisfactory and efficient man- ner. In June, 1885, he married Miss Lena McClay, who was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1859, and is a daughter of Robert McClay. To this union but one child, Mary, has been born. Mr. Wilson is a Knight Templar and an Odd Fellow. His wife is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Novazembla J. Winters was born in Grundy County, Mo., in 1850. The father, James Winters, is of Scotch-Irish descent, and was born in Pike County, 111., in 1823. The grandfather, Nathan Winters, was a native of North Carolina, and a pioneer settler of Illinois. He served in the Black Hawk War and the War of 1882. James moved to Grundy County about 1845, and in 1849 was married in Mercer County. He served during the latter part of the Mexican War about one year. After that he engaged in mercantile business until 1871, since which time he has devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. The mother of our subject was born in East Tennessee, and is now living at the age of fifty-eight. Novazembla was the eldest of a family of eight children, four of whom are living. He received a good English education at the common schools, and lived with his par- ents until about nineteen years of age, clerking in his father's store and dealing in stock. In 1869 he came to Milan with his father, and engaged in general mercantile business, the firm name being Winters & Son. In the summer of 1871 he traded in stock in Grundy County, and the following winter clerked in Trenton. In the fall of 1872 l^e returned to Mfilan, aD4 for a jea,x conducted a, 934 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. store of his own. In 1874 and 1875 he clerked for William Smick, and in 1876 and 1877 for Simeon Block. Since January, 1877, Mr. Winters has been engaged in the real estate and insur- ance business, and he is regarded as one of the prosperous and honorable business men of Milan. In 1878 he was elected sheriff of Sullivan County, and re-elected in 1880. Two years later he was chosen county clerk by the Democratic party and served for four years. He has been an alderman of Milan for three years, and in 1884 attended the national convention at which Cleveland and Hendricks were nominated. He is an ancient member of the K. of H. and belongs to the I. O. 0. P. and A. O. U. W. In December, 1872, he married Miss Alice Pres- ton, daughter of George W. A. Preston. Mrs. Winters was born in Scott County, Iowa, in 1856, and is the mother of five chil- dren: Gertie, Robert, Mabel, James and Essie. Mrs. Winters is a member of the Eoman Catholic Church. Billy Marcus Winter, third son of W. H. and Amanda Win- ter, was born in New Castle, Henry County, Ky., August 17, 1863. His father is of Welsh and German descent, and was born in Pranklin Coutity, Ky., August 27, 1823. He received a common-school education, and entered the ministry in 1853, joining the Kentucky conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church South the same year. He has spent thirty -four years iu the ministry, and is still effective as a traveling preacher, and his preaching is entirely confined to the limits of the Kentucky conference. He has been twice married. His first wife, formerly Amanda Hunt, was born in Louis County, Ky., August 8, 1833, and died May 3, 1873. His second wife was born in New Eum- ley, Ohio. Her maiden name was Maria I. Thompson. She has been twice married. Her first husband was William S. Ather- ton. To the fij-st wife of Eev. W. H. Winter eight children were born, only two of whom are living: Billy Marcus and Stattie. Billy M. was educated at the graded schools of Shelby- ville, Ky., making his home with his parents until eighteen years of age. In 1881 he came to Sullivan County, Mo., locating in Haley City (now Humphreys), where he has since resided. February 14, 1883, he married Miss Laura J. Stringer, daugh- ter of Jefferson and Haner Stringer. Mrs. Winter was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1861, on April 2. After his marriage Mr. Winter located upon some land adjoining Hum- phreys, where he owns 270 acres of land, and is also the pos- sessor of thirty lots in the city. He is a successful and highly esteemed young farmer, and is also interested in stock raising, keeping sixty to seventy -five head of stock per annum. In poli- tics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for ^rover Cleveland, in 1884, SULLIVAN COUNTY. 935 Dr. W. L. M. Witter was born in Sullivan County, Mo., June 28, 1852, and is a son of tlie Hon. M. B. and Martha (Sackett) Witter. The father is of English and German ances- try and born in Franklin County, Vt., in 1802. He received his education at the common schools and St. Albans' Academy, and by close application to his books, at the age of eighteen was compe- tent to teach a district school. He then taught several years, during which time he studied law, and in 1826 was admitted to the bar at St. Albans. He immediately began to practice; and in 1834 removed to Paynesville, Ohio, having previously been mar- ried in 1828. In 1839 he immigrated to Brunswick, Chariton Co., Mo., and in 1844 located at Blmwood, Sullivan Co. In 1854 he moved to Milan, where he practiced his profession successfully for ten years, but at the end of that time was obliged to retire to pri- vate life on account of his age. He was a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for John Adams in 1824. In 1850 he was first elected justice of the peace and afterward filled that office at different times for twenty years. He served as county attorney of Sullivan County for four years, to which office he was a[)pointed by the county court, and in 1851 was appointed swamp land county commissioner, which office he held fifteen years. He served as mayor of Milan six years, and is a man greatly respected for his high character. He came to Sullivan County one year previous to its organization, when the country was an unbroken prairie, and has since been a resident of same. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for the past forty years. The mother, Martha (Sackett) Witter, is of German descent, and born in Franklin County, in 1808. She is still living, and has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church sixty-six years. Dr. W. L. M. Witter is the youngest of a family of eight children, and was educated at the common schools of his native county, making his home with his parents until his marriage. At the age of seventeen he began to study medicine under Dr. J. E. Nelson. In 1872 he entered the Louisville Medical College, where he remained one year. In the summer of 1873 he began to practice in Milan, and in 1885 graduated from the Missouri Medical College at St. Louis, as an M. D., since which time he has successfully practiced his chosen profession at Milan. He is regarded as one of the leading physicians of the town, and is president of the United States Board of Pension Surgeons of Milan, and surgeon for the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Rail- road. In January, 1879, he was united inmarriage to Miss Vir- ginia E. Payne, who was born in Kentucky in 1853, and is a daughter of Norman Payne. In politics the Doctor is a Repub- lican, and cast his first presidential vote for R. B, Hayes in 1876, I BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. is a Master Mason, of Seaman Lodge, No. 126, of Milan, a mber of the A. O. U. W. and a Eoyal Arch Mason and Knight Pythias. L. 0. Wolf, druggist, is a native of Lewis County, W. Va., . was born December 30, 1848. His father, Andrew, was a ive of the same county, and born in 1809. He was a farmer occupation, and in 1856 left his native State and county, and nigrated to Sullivan County, Mo., and bought a farm in lerty Township, where he died in May, 1887. The mother ; also born in Lewis County in 1809, and married in the same nty. Two of five children are living — David T., of Colorado, . L. C. The latter was but eight years old when he came to livan County, where he worked upon his father's farm until nty-one years of age. After that he began farming and stock ling on his own responsibility. After a few years he and J ohn Sart established a hardware store at Milan, and for two years firm was known as Wolf & Hart. Mr. Wolf then sold his srest and returned bo farming. In 1880 he was elected county 3ssor, but owing to the township organization being adopted he same time he did not get to fill the office. In 1879 he was sloyed as a traveling man for the Champion Machiiie Com- y, his territory being in Missouri and Iowa. He worked for above firm seven years without any dissatisfaction on either 3. November 22, 1886, he embarked in the drug business, although he lost about $1,200 by the partial burning of his iness building May 12, 1887, is now doing a thriving busi- s, and carries a large stock of goods. March 11, 1869, he ; united in marriage to Miss Mary J. McClary, who was born Pennsylvania in 1848, and is a daughter of Robert McClary. this union four children have been born: Lydia B., Erminie, vin A. and Walter H. In politics Mr. Wolf is a Republican, cast his first presidential vote for Grant in 1868. He is a ight Templar and an Odd Fellow. Mrs. Wolf is a member of Presbyterian Church. John Wood, a farmer of Union Township, is a native of Bel- it County, Ohio, where he was born in 1825, and is a son of •am and Jane (Lewis) Wood, natives of Pennsylvania and V Jersey, and born in 1797 and 1788, respectively. They were ■ried about 1810, and then moved to Belmont County, Ohio, years later next going to Morgan County in 1837, where the ler died in 1876, and the mother in 1871. Both were ortho- Quakers. The father was of English, and the mother of tch and French descent. Our subject was reared at home, 3re he received a common-school education, and in 1847 he I naarrjed to Miss Thiri^a, daughter of Aaron and Deborah SULLIVAN COUNTY. 937 Mendenhall, a native of Belmont County, Ohio, by whom he had nine children, only four of whom are living, viz. : Elizabeth J. (wife of Henry Stall), Israel, Thomas E. and Albert. In 1854 Mr. Wood removed to "Wisconsin, where he remained until 1870, when he came to Sullivan County, and located in Union Town- ship eight miles east of Milan, where he has a fine farm of 160 acres and ten acres of timber. He followed carpentering for a number of years while in Ohio and Wisconsin, but since coming to Missouri has been engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1864, during the month of August, he enlisted in Company I, Forty-second Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, remaining in serv- ice until the close of the war at Cairo, 111. He is a Eepublican, and oast his first presidential vote for Gen. Taylor. He and his wife are both members of the United Brethren Church. Soon after coming to Missouri Mr. Wood was elected justice of the peace about 1872, and after two years' service was re-elected, thus serving four years. He was afterward appointed to the same office, but declined to serve. Mr. and Mrs. Wood are among the most highly respected families of this vicinity. James T. Yardley was born in St. Charles County, Mo., Feb- ruary 20, 1851. His father, Frederick Yardley, was a native of Kentucky, but moved to Missouri with his parents when a child, and was reared to manhood in St. Charles County. He was mar- ried, in Missouri, to F. Long, a native of St. Charles County. Mr. Yardley died in Sullivan County, Mo., just after he had pur- chased a home there, and before the removal of his family to same. Mrs. Yardley died January 22, 1883. The family moved to Sullivan County in 1857, locating upon the place Mr. Yardley had previously bought. There James T. passed his youth, and received a good common-school education. He was married, in Sullivan County, December 24, 1874, to Miss Diana M. Wheeler, daughter of Simeon P. Wheeler, of Sullivan County (now de- ceased). Mrs. Yardley was born and reared in Sullivan County, and is the mother of the following family of children: Ethel D., Vinetta, Letha, Maggie May, Odelia and Silva. After his mar- riage Mr. Yardley continued to live upon the old homestead. He is now one of the well-to-do farmers of the township, owning a nice little farm of 154 acres, nearly all of which is fenced, and about fifty acres well improved and cultivated. Mr. Yardley is identified with the Democratic party, and by it was elected con- stable of Jackson Township, which office he efficiently filled one term. He was also elected township collector for two years in the spring of 1887, the duties of which office he is now dis- charging. 59 BIOGBAPHIOAL APPENDIX. ADAIR OOUISTY. Samuel D. Abercrombie, farmer and stock raiser, was born Franklin County, Ind., April 1, 1841. He is the son of Hugh and Christiana (Faroat) Abercrombie, the former a native of (stmoreland County, Penn., and the latter of New York. The 'ents moved from Indiana to Henry Cpunty, Iowa, in 1842. By' afterward moved to Lee County, where they died, the father 1854, and the mother in 1864. Our subject came to this mty when he was sixteen years of age, and in 1868 located upon present farm. His land is well improved, and embraces 320 es. He has 200 acres fenced, 130 cultivated, and some in ber. In January, 1866, he married Elenor E., a daughter of nes H. Linder. She died June 13, 1875. Their children are eodore G., Leona F. (a teacher), Annie L. (a teacher) and lily M. In 1877 he married Maggie J., a daughter of James rey, and a native of Butler County, Penn. He moved to Mis- ri in 1867. In August, 1861, our subject joined Company H, renth Missouri Cavalry, and participated in the battles of Blue [Is and Prairie Grove, where he was taken prisoner, and held rteen days. He was then exchanged. He was also in the hos- il at Macon City about two months. He is a member of the A. E. He and his wife and youngest daughter belong to the thodist Episcopal Church. Samuel A. Adams, a farmer of Polk Township, was born in nry County, Ky., in 1834, and was the eldest of eight children, s parepts, George and Nancy (Simmons) Adams, were both ives of Kentucky, and were married in 1833. His father was lild of Andrew Adams, and died when Samuel was but four- 1 years old. Samuel Adams grew up without the advantage m education, but by his perseverance and hard labor has made honored place for himself in the estimation of all his associ- ). In 1855 he married Miss Susan Morris, a daughter of irid and Betsey Morris, and they have had six sons and one ghter: George F., James W., John, Thomas, Hezekiah, Will- . J., David A. and Josephine. In 1870 he settled in Adair mty, renting land until 1875, when he purchased his present n of 255 acres, the result of his own exertions and economy. ADAIR COUNTY. 939 Mrs. Nancy Adams came to Adair County in 1875, and is still liv- ing here. Mr. Adams cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan, and is a Democrat. In 1855 he moved to Monroe County, Mo., remaining three, years, then returned to Kentucky, where he staid until 1870, since which time he has resided in Adair County, Mo. He is a member of Kirksville Lodge, No. 105, A. F. & A. M., and he and his wife have for many years been members of the Chris- tian Church. Mr. Adams purchased his land in its uncultivated state, and now has all but forty acres of it in fine condition, culti- vated and improved. William Thomas Baird, cashier of the First National Bank, was born in Carroll County, Ky., in 1835. His early life was spent on a farm in that county. His education was such as could be had at the country school. His first start for himself after his majority was in teaching a district school in Grant County, Ky. In March, 1857, he left his native home, and with Prof. W. P. Nason came direct to Adair County, Mo., and taught school for seven months in Judge D. A. Ely's district north of Kirksville, then taught four months southeast of town, and afterward in the town of Kirksville for one year. In all these schools he gave satisfaction to patrons and pupils. In the fall of 1859 the Kirks- ville branch of the Bank of St. Louis was organized, and Mr. Baird was elected as clerk. In 1863 he was chosen cashier, and continued in that position till th« bank wound up its business under an act of the Legislature relating to branch banks in Mis- souri. In 1866 he took charge of the private bank of Stebbins & Porter, which he conducted one year, at which time Mr. Baird, with Mr. 8. Beed, bought them out, the firm of Baird & Eeed con- tinued the business for another year. At the expiration of that period, Melone & Epperson, of Macon, Mo., bought Mr. Eeed's interest, and the style of the firm then became Baird, Melone & Co., the management meantime devolving upon Mr. Baird, the other members of the firm being non-resident partners. The business was continued by this firm for ten years very suc- cessfully, passing through the financial crisis of 1873 without the least difficulty, while many banks all over the country were compelled to succumb to the hard times. In 1878 Mr. Baird bought the interest of his partners, and continued the business alone for four years, likewise successfully. In 1882 he organized the First National Bank of Kirksville, Mo. He owns a control- ling interest in the capital stock, and has since been cashier and manager of said bank, which has been and now is in successful operation, and has the unbounded confidence of the entire busi- ness community. Mr. Baird is a self-made man, and has passed through life with an integrity unsullied, and an honor unstained, 940 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Eminently successful in Ms business, yet the poor, the needy, the worthy have ever found him a friend, whose heart and purse were opened to encourage and sustain. His means have not been hoarded, but expended in and upon all worthy enterprises. As a banker and a financier, he has no superior and few equals; as a neighbor, kind and sympathetic; as a citizen, broad and enter- prising. He was acting treasurer of the county four years, also acting commissioner of the common schools of the county, for a time; was treasurer of the building and loan association two years ; is treasurer of the city of Kirksville at the present time ; is treasurer of the Synod of Missouri of the Cumberland Presby- terian Church, and is and has been treasurer of the North Mis- souri State Normal School since its beginning as a private school ; is a life member of the American Bible Society of New York ; is also a member of the board of publication of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Nashville, Tenn. In the year 1857, during a revival meeting conducted by Eev. J. E. Sharp (now of Mar- shall, Mo. ) , Mr. Baird made a profession of his faith in the Lord Jesus as his Savior, and united with the Cumberland Presbyte- rian Church, of which he has since been a member. In this rela- tion his usefulness has constantly been growing. In personal work he has been active and efficient. For a quarter of a cen- tury he has been superintendent of a large and prosperous Sun- day-school, and a ruling elder in the church, attending the ses- sions, presbyteries, synods and general assemblies and Sunday- school conventions with promptness and zeal, taking an active interest in their deliberations. In addition to his personal work he has been a helper of other workers, with a generous and con- tinuous beneficence. For a number of years he was District Dep- uty Grand Master of the Second Masonic District of Missouri, and for seven consecutive years was Master of his lodge. In August, 1858, Mr. Baird was married to Mattie C, daughter of Matthew P. Hannah, she being a native of Eandolph County, Mo. To them were born four children — one son and three daugh- ters. Two of the daughters are deceased; the son, Frank, is assistant cashier of the First National Bank. The entire family are members 'of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. The father, Barzilla Adams Baird, was a native of Paris, Ky., and of Scotch descent, born November 24, 1803. In early life he moved with his parents to Grant County, Ky. It was in Carroll County, Ky., however, that he married Mary, a daughter of Rev. Reuben Scanland, of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To them were born three sons and four daughters. Some time after her death in 1846, he married Eliza Wright, by whom he had six children. The thirteeji children are all living. After a successful life ag a farmer, he died September 20, 1885, ADAIR COUNTY. 941 David Baird, marble cutter and tombstone dealer, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1838. He was reared in Des Moines, Iowa, and in 1858 came with his parents to near Kirks- ville. His education had been received at Des Moines College, at West Point, and he had taught school for a time, but now he began farming, and continued until his enrollment in the militia under Capt. (afterward Maj. ) Bell. After the war he embarked in his present business, in which he has since coijtinued. He handles Vermont and Italian marbles chiefly. He was married, in 1869, to Anna M. Hoye, a native of Virginia, ahd to them have been born two children : Delia and John. Our subject is a Knight Templar, and has filled prominent ofiices in the F. & A. M. lodge. He and his family are members of the Presbyterian Church. His paternal grandfather, John, a native of Ireland, took part in the Revolution. His wife, a Scotch lady by the name of Hossick, was united to him in Virginia. His death occurred at Wheeling, Va., at the old home place, where his son John, the father, was born in 1797. The latter was married in Belmont County to Catherine Holtz, and after a residence in Adair County, they died here in January, 1865, and in March, 1869, respectively. The maternal great-grandmother reached the age of one hundred and eleven years, two more years than that attained by the grandmother, and both died in Belmont County, Ohio. Mr. Baird is one of a family of six sons and six daughters. Lewis C. Beach, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Ohio, November 20, 1853, -the son of Dr. Joshua and Hattie (Lynch) Beach, natives of the same State. The father was a leading physician in his native county for about thirty -five years. He moved to Missouri, and located in Kirksville in 1887. He is now retired from practice at the age of sixty-seven years. Our sub- ject grew to manhood in his native county, only two and a half miles from his wife's birthplace. September 8, 1878, he mar- ried Carrie, a daughter of John Lowe. He then moved to Kirks- ville, and farmed his father's land near there for three years. Since January, 1876, he has been on his present estate. It is a well-improved farm of 160 acres. Our subject is a member of the I. O. 0. P. fraternity, and his wife holds the faith of the Presbyterian Church. His only son is Guy B. Davis W. Begole was born *in Washtenaw County, Mich., August 6, 1842, and was the son of William A. Begole, a native of New York, who came to Michigan when a young man, and there married Abigail Nowland, a native of Maryland, and who was the mother of our subject. Mr. Begole was one of the first settlers of Washtenaw County, commencing to live there when S42 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. the country was a wilderness. He died upon tlie same place he entered on July 7, 1880. His wife died January 5, 1855. He was twice married, and by his first marriage had four sons and three daughters, all of whom are living with the exception of one son. D. W. was the youngest son, and grew to manhood in his native county, receiving a good education at the common schools and at Ypsilanti, Mich. After becoming of age he remained with his father about two years, but in the spring of 1866 came to Missouri, where he was married in Macon County, April 30, 1867, to Miss Lydia Stanford, a daughter of Michael Stanford. Mrs. Begole was born in Illinois, and reared in that State and in Missouri. They have seven children: AUie (a young lady), William A., John W., Charles M., George B., Minnie and Lester A. Mr. and Mrs. Begole are members of the Methodist Episco- pal Church South, and Mr. Begole is also a member of the Paul- ville Lodge, No. 319, A. F. & A. M. He has 214 acres of land all in one tract, and about 200 of prairie land under cultivation. He has a large farm residence of one and one-half stories, and good outbuildings, and an orchard of about 120 trees. Mr. Begole located on this place in the spring of 1866, and com- menced improving it the same year. Maj. Benoni W. Bell, a farmer and stock raiser of Clay Town- ship, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1822, and is the fourth of nine children of William B. and Eebecca (Wheat) Bell, na- tives of Maryland, and born in 1782 and 1780, respectively. They were married in 1814, and a year later removed in a two- horse cart to Bemont County, Ohio, where the father died August 6, 1846. He was a volunteer in the War of 1812, in the eastern division. He was on guard at the bridge leading to the city of Washington at the time of the crossing Iary F., Dixie find Esther. He is ADAIK COUNTY. 967 now living on the old farm, and is one of the foremost men of the county always ready to lend a helping hand in all educational projects, and working for the general welfare and prosperity of the country. In politics he is an active and earnest Democrat, casting his first presidential vote for S. J. Tilden, in 1876, and is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity. William E. Emerson, a farmer of Clay Township, was born in Maine in 1822, and is the eldest of twelve children of John and Susan (Foster) Emerson, also natives of Maine, born about 1796 and 1806, respectively. They were married about 1820. The father was of English ancestry, a son of William Emerson, a native of New Hampshire, and a soldier in the Eevolutionary War. He was a member of the first Legislature of the State of Maine. His father was a native of Massachusetts, a soldier, and served in the French and Indian War under Gen. Wolf, at Quebec. John moved to Illinois about 1833, locating near Chicago, and in 1840 moved to Dubuque County, Iowa, and afterward to Waterloo, where he died about 1885. .In early life he was a farmer and also during his later years. He served two terms as county surveyor of Winnebago County, 111., and was for some years justice of the peace in Iowa. He was deacon in the. Baptist Church, and an active worker in it, possessed a fine college education, which was partly received at Boston, and for several years taught school. His wife died in 1879, and was also a member of the Baptist Church. Our subject was reared under the parental roof, his education being limited to the time he lived in his native State, as there were no schools in the west, to which he came with his parents when but twelve years old. For several years, while young, he was engaged in lead mines in Wisconsin and Illinois, and several years after contracted to grade on the railroad. When about thirty-eight years of age he returned to his native State, where he married Miss Melissa A., daughter of Jacob and Susan Huntley, a native of Maine. They have had eight children, five now living: Ada, Susie (wife of E. Eice), Mary, Hattie and Ealph Waldo. He then returned to Iowa, and soon after, in the year 1856, came to Adair County, locating in Clay Township, twelve miles northeast of Kirksville, where he has a fine farm of 200 acres, and also sixty acres in another tract, all the result of his own efforts. He was in New York City at the time of the landing of the " Great Eastern," the first steamship of any importance that crossed the Atlantic. He has served one term as county trustee, by virtue of which he was a member of the county court of Adair County, and taught the first school in Clay Township. He was a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote |or Pierce in 1852, b^t gjuce the WW Ijae been a Kepublican, 968 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. John Stewart Erwin was born at Sharon, Beaver Co., Penn., May 6, 1819, the son of Andrew and Mary Erwin. The former was a native of Greenbrier County, W. Va., who removed to Allegheny County, Penn., in 1817, in which county he passed the rest of his life (except about one year in Beaver County), mostly in farming, but resided in Allegheny City from 1829 until 1835, being the first street commissioner and the first street contractor in that city (then a borough). He died in Pittsburgh in 1847. His mother, Mary Stewart, was born near Pittsburgh, the daughter of John Stewart, an Irishman, who was one of the pioneers of Western Pennsylvania. He was living on his farm four miles from Pittsburgh at the time of the whisky rebell- ion. Our subject was educated mostly in Allegheny and Pitts- burgh and graduated from De Quesne College in the latter city in 1845, intending to enter the ministry, but was by ill health compelled to abandon that intention. He was married, May 1, 1849, to Elizabeth, daughter of Hugh and Mary Wilson, of Allegheny City, and removed to Memphis, Tenn., where he engaged in the lumber business. While residing there he was a member of the board of aldermen, and of the school board. After the occupation of the Union army in June, 1863, he removed to a farm which he owned in Clinton County, Iowa, where he resided until 1870, when he removed to near Kirksville, where he hds a fine farm of 200 acres. In 1877 he was elected county judge, being the first Democrat elected to office in Adair County after the war. He has been a regent of the State Nor- mal School for about ten years. The following are his children who are living: William Delwarth and John Swaine, of Kins- ley, Kas, in the lumber business; Joseph Pullen Erwin, Dodge City, Kas., in real estate business; Andrew Erwin, of Fer- gus Falls, Minn., member of the lumber firm of J. McCuUogh & Co. ; and Mary, widow of Samuel W. Anderson, late of Cam- eron, Mo. He and his wife have been members of the Presby- terian Church for nearly half a century. For twenty years he has been an elder, a position also held by his father and his grandfather, John S. Erwin. Reuben Davidson, machinist and blacksmith, of Brashear, Adair Co., Mo., was born in Holmes County, Ohio, in 1839, and married in 1860 to Harriet Schrack, a native of Ohio. He served an apprenticeship of three years, and did journeyman woi'k at his trade in Holmes County, Ohio; then, in 1869, he located in Knox County, Mo., and engaged in farming there until 1875, when he went to Brashear, where he has since followed his trade. Five sons and three daughters were born, and two of the sons and t|i^ three daughters are still alive. James, th§ ADAIK COUNTY. 969 father of our subject, was bom in Jefferson County, Ohio, and married Elizabeth Luke, also an Ohioan by birth. Reuben was the second offspring of this union ; the other children were also sons, of whom but one brother besides Eeuben survives. The mother died about the year 1850, and the father subsequently married Elizabeth Fair, a native of , Ohio. They resided on the Black property near Brashear, the house of which is on the line separating Knox and Adair Counties. They lived at this place from 1866 to 1878, but now live in Eepublic County, Kas. The brother, William, was in the Fifty -first Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three years, and is now living in Elkhart County, Ind. James B. Dodson, clerk of the circuit court, and county recorder, was born in Adair County, Mo., April 12, 1861. He was reared on a farm, and was educated at the State Normal School from 1879 to 1883. After this he taught school for sev- eral terms, and read law with Millan . Warfield, a native of Maryland. He followed rural pursuits there until the fall of 1854, and then located at the present site of Sublette, where he has since resided. He served in the Mexican War, under Taylor, and was postmas- ter at Sublette for a number of years. He has had eight sons and three daughters, one of each sex being deceased. Our sub- ject is identified with A. P. & A. M., order. The Thrasher family. Salt Eiver Township, Adair County, can boast of many estimable families, the pioneer members of which figured honorably and prominently in the early history of North- east Missouri. These brave people endured many hardships, dangers and privations, wrestling the hunting ground from the native red man, and preparing it for future usefulness, that their decOBdants might enjoy all the educational, religious and polit- ical advantages of their times, with greater facility. Conspicu- ous among these early immigrants of Missouri was John Thrash- er. He was of German descent, and, during the Revolutionary War, when but eighteen years old, tendered his services to the thirteen American States in that memorable struggle for liberty, serving until the close of the war. After that he located in Pen- dleton County, Ky.',;and about 1816 immigrated to Marion County, Mo., where he resided, for about ten years. He then moved to Monroe County, where he died about 1840. One of his sons, John P., was born in Pendleton County, Ky., and there married Elizabeth Rush, theq about 1816 came with his wife'^ 1030 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. parents to Marion County, Mo., where they reared their family of four sons and six daughters; two of the sons and three of the daughters are still living. In 1839 he entered 160 acres adjoin- ing the present town of Brashear on the south, now a part of the home place of his son, John R., who purchased it in 1845, and has resided thereon since October 29, of that year. John F. Thrasher died in Marion County, May 9, 1875, his wife having preceded him about 1847. Her father, John Rush, was engaged in grist milling in Marion County, until his death. John R. Thrasher, of whom mention is made above, was born in Marion County, in 1821. About 1849 he entered eighty acres adjoining the original 160 acres, on the east, and has since successfully farmed both tracts of land. He pays considerable attention to fine stock, making. Shorthorn cattle and Clydesdale and Norman horses specialties. About 1855 he received a commission to open a post-office at his house, Paulville being then established, which existed for about two years. In 1844 he married Ann J. Hen- dricks, a native of Marion County, and daughter of Daniel Hen- dricks, also of Marion County, who died of pneumonia, Novem- ber 4, in the sixty-seventh year of his age, while visiting at the home of John R. Thrasher, in Adair County, Mo. Father Hendricks emigrated from Kentucky to Missouri in the fall of 1819, and settled in what was then the territory of Pike, after- ward Ralls, now Marion County. He was useful in his genera- tion, having served twenty-five years as justice of the peace, sev- eral years as county judge, forty-eight years as an acceptable mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for a considerable part of that time as class-leader; in all of which relations he proved to be acceptable and useful. He was a man of firmness, of uni- form piety, and was often heard to say, " I am ready;" so death found him patient in his afflictions, calm in death. He bade adieu to toil and pain, and entered into rest. " There remaineth there- fore a rest to the people of God." Oh! weep not for the friends that pass Into the lonesome grave, As breezes sweep the withered grass Along the restless wave; For though thy pleasures may depart, And darksome days be given, — And lonely though on earth thou art. Yet bliss awaits the holy heart When friends rejoice in Heaven. John R. Thrasher's union was blessed with four sons and four daughters, all the girls reaching womanhood and two of the sons arriving at maturity. Of these, one son and three daugh- ters still live, Mr. J. R. Thrasher is a Free Mason, and he and ADAIE COUNTY. 1031 his family are united with the Methodist Episcopal Church South. John W. Thrasher, a grandson of the pioneer, John F., was born in Adair County, May 18, 1846, and married March 24, 1868, Nancy Jane Conkle, a daughter of Peter Conkle, another of the pioneers of Adair County. Two daughters were given them — Olive E. and Dora M. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Thrasher located on a farm of 220 acres three-fourths of a mile south of Brashear, where they have since spent their days. He also is a Free Mason, and worships at the church of his fathers. His father, Thomas E., was a native of Marion County, being born there in 1819, and married Prances Ducker, of Pendleton County, Ky. About 1843 they came to Adair County, locating two-and-a-half miles north of the present site of Brashear. Here he reared a family of seven sons and seven daughters, of whom John W., four brothers and four sisters survive. E. A. Towles, a prominent farmer of Benton Township, was born in Owen County, Ky., in 1831. He is the son of Oliver and Ellen (Wilhite) Towles, natives of Virginia, and who came to Missouri in 1840, locating in Schuyler County, where our subject spent his youth. They reared a large family of six sons and two daughters, and both died in Schuyler County, the former in 1873, and the latter a short time previously. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, and the grandfather had also served in the Eevolution. Their descendant, E. A., was married in 1852, after coming to Adair County, to Thurza A. Beatty, a native of Chariton County, Mo. There have been born to this union five sons and four daughters. Since his marriage Mr. Towles has followed agricultural pursuits, and since 1876 has been located upon his present farm which consists of 313 acres six miles northeast of Kirksville. His war service w^s limited to the detailed county militia. As a farmer he has been successful, and is highly esteemed as a citizen. Lewis Walters, a farmer and stock raiser of Morrow Town- ship, was born in 1836, and is the eldest of eleven children of William and Jerusha (Lay) Walters, both natives of East Ten- nessee, born in 1817 and 1818, respectively. They were married about 1835, and in 1841 moved to what is now Adair County, locating first northeast of Kirksville, and the year following set- tled on Spring Creek, Morrow Township, where William became one of the substantial and successful farmers, living there until his death in 1873, which occurred during the vigor of his man- hood. He was a man of no education. His father, John, was a Virginian by birth, and came of Welsh ancestors, and served in the War of 1812. Mrs. Walters was a daughter of Lewis Lay, a native of Virginia, who afterward located in Morrow Township, 1032 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. where he lived until 1878, when he immigrated with his son to Gallatin County, Mont., where he died in 1879, being eighty- two years of age. Mrs. Walters died in 1868. Her grandfather, Thomas Lay, was also a Virginian, and an old Revolutionary sol- dier, who came to Adair County in 1841. Our subject was born in Grainger County, Tenn., but was reared at home in the woods of Morrow Township, when the country was filled with wild and ferocious animals. His school life did not exceed nine months, and was passed at the rudest of log houses in the forest. Mr. Walters is truly one of the pioneer boys of the county, and nearly all the changes and improvements which have been made have passed under his observation. In his boyhood days it was the custom of the people to make an annual trip on the Mississippi River, taking the products of their region, such as hides, pelts, honey, beeswax, venison, hams, etc., and upon their return bring- ing the next year's supply of groceries. The milling was done at a distance of about thirty miles, in some of the other counties. He was married in 1854, to Miss Mary Ann Wirtman, and they have one child, Martha Jane (wife of Franklin Bain, of Dubuque, Fergus County, Mont. ) . Mrs. Walters died in 1855, and in 1858 he married Miss Rachel Jane, daughter of Thomas B. and Lear Cook, a native of Dearborn County, Ind., and they have had six- teen children, ten of whom are living. They are Elizabeth (wife of J. W. G. Sloan), Louisa B. (wife of J. R. Sloan), James M. (of Montana), Jonah W., Andrew L., Phoebe M., Henry Lee, John S., George M. and Nellie L. Since his marriage he has been a resident of his present farm, with the exception of the two years between 1878 and 1880 spent in Montana Territory. He now has 320 acres in Section 2, on Spring Creek, Morrow Township, twelve miles northwest of Kirksville, making a good sized farm, all the result of his own hard labor. He at first pur- chased but eighty acres from the Government, and farming and stock raising have been his sole occupations. In 1864 he joined Company B, Thirty-ninth Missoui'i Volunteer Infantry, and after about eight months' service in Northeast Missouri was discharged, in 1865, on account of disability. He has been a Democrat all his life, and cast his first presidential vote for Douglass in 1860. He and his wife are members of the old Regular Baptist Church. He distinctly remembers seeing the Sioux Indians when a child. William Welch, a farmer and stock raiser of Clay Township, is a native of Ireland, where he was born in 1822, and is a son of Thomas and Catherine Welch, also natives of Ireland, where they spent their earlier lives and reared a family of eight chil- dren. The father was a farmer, and died in 1844, being about sixty-two years of age, his wife's death having preceded his ADAIR COUNTY. 1033 about three years, she being about fifty-eight at the time of her decease. Our subject was reared at home, and had the advantages of a common-school education. In 1846 he immigrated to Hali- fax, Nova Scotia, and the following year he came to the United States and lived for two years in the vicinity of Boston. In 1849 he went to Kentucky, and from there to New Orleans. In 1850 he re- turned to Kentucky, where he married Miss Bridget Murphy, a native of Ireland. He remained in Kentucky until 1855, when he located in Clay Township, Adair County, where he purchased 120 acres of raw woodland, which he has converted into a highly culti- vated and improved farm, and he now has 580 acres, as a reward for his hard work and good management, and is considered one of the leading farmers of the county. During the war he served for about six months in the Missouri State Militia, in Company I, Fiftieth Missouri Begiment, operating in Adair and adjoining counties. He is a Democrat, and the first President he voted for was Buchanan. He and his wife are members of the Boman Catholic Church. J. F. Whitacre, one of Kirksville's successful business men, was born in Virginia, in 1854. He came to Missouri in 1879, and be- came a member of the firm of Robinson & Whitacre in March fol- lowing. This firm was dissolved in 1883, and from that date our subject and his brother, E. S., owned the entire stock, consisting of dry goods, boots, shoes, clothing, etc. They carry a stock of from $18,000 to 125,000, and employ four assistants. From 1885 to 1887 they had a branch store at Wilsontown in this county, but soon removed it to Memphis, Mo., where the brother now resides and conducts the business. John W., the paternal grandfather, was an Englishman, and on coming to America in his youth, located in Pennsylvania. He afterward bought land in Loudon County, Va., which is still in the possession of J. F.'s mother, and one of the younger children; it was on this place that James, the father, was born and reared, and spent his life in agricultural pursuits until his death in 1857. The maiden name of the mother above mentioned is Margaret A. Jackson. Their family consisting of five sons are distributed as follows : Samuel, died in Virginia at the age of twenty -nine years, and two others still Jive in that State, while the remainder are mentioned in this sketch. Mr. Whitacre and his brother are recognized as leading business men in their respective places, and are successful in all their operations. George Wilcox, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Delaware County, N. T., April 6, 1835. His parents, Thomas and Ann (Beecher) Wilcox, are natives of the same county. The father was engaged in farming, stock raising and the dairy business 1034 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. during his entire life. He died in July, 1885, several years after the death of his wife. George grew to manhood in Del- aware County, and March 1, 1860, married Susan A., a daugh- ter of Nathaniel and Susan Gannon. She died in 1880 after twenty years of wedded life. Our subject remained in New York for about twelve years engaged in farming and the dairy buei- ness, and in 1871 sold out and came to Adair County. He first bought eighty acres where he now lives, but now owns 160; he also has forty acres in another tract. January 25, 1882 he mar- ried Augusta, a daughter of Valentine Kittle, and native of Dela- ware County. The children of his first marriage are Charley A. (who was educated atKirksville Normal and taught one term), Viola F. and Lulie C, both of whom graduated from the Kirks- ville Normal in 1887. The parents and daughters are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Wilcox was the eldest of three brothers and two sisters. Albert M. Wilkins, farmer and stock dealer, was born in Lawrence County, Penn., December 3, 1846, and is the son of J. C. and Mary (Sample) Wilkins, natives of Pennsylvania. The father died in 1854, and the family moved to Iowa in 1856, and located at Keokuk. Our subject grew to manhood on the farm in Lee County, and in 1874 came to Adair County. He bought his present home in 1880. The estate consists of 340 acres, mostly in the Chariton bottoms; 280 acres are in cultivation and well improved. Mr. Wilkins is also engaged in feeding and ship- ping stock and in raising colts. William Wilson, a farmer of Clay County, was born in what is now West Virginia, in 1828, and is the fifth of the seven sur- viving children of John and Ann (Keys) Wilson. The father, a native of Randolph County, Va., was born in 1792, and was of Irish origin, a son of William Wilson, who was born soon after his parents emigrated from Ireland to the United States. He lived to be over one hundred years old, and died in Ohio. John was reared in Randolph County, was married in Harrison County, W. Va., about 1817, and remained in that State until 1865, when he moved to Adair County, Mo., where he spent the remainder of his life, dying at the age of eighty-eight years. The mother was born in Hampshire County, Va., in 1793, and distinctly remembered seeing Gen. Washington when she was but five years old. She was a woman of brilliant intellect, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and died in 1874. Our sub- ject was reared at home without any educational opportunities, but in mature years obtained considerable knowledge by study and observation. He was married in 1858 to Miss Mary J., daughter of Anthony and Anna Mustoe, a native of Bath County, ADAIR COUNTY. 1035 Va. They have had six children, the five living being Eobert J., John J., Anna, James and Helen (wife of Henry Sturgis). Mr. Wilson remained in his native county until 1865, when he removed to Adair County, Mo., and located in Clay Township, twelve miles northeast of Kirksville, where he has a fine farm of 2iO acres, making one of the many fine farms of that county. He has been a farmer and stock raiser all his life, and his prop- erty is the result of his labors and management, he being a man of good business ability and information. He has never been engaged in a lawsuit, or served as a juror. He was reared a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Scott in 1852, but since the war has been a Democrat. Capt. James Wilson is a native of Indiana, and was born in Dearborn County, February 27, 1829. His father, James, and his mother, Rachel (Davis), were born in the same State. James Wilson, Sr., served in the Indian War of 1812, but died a natural death on his farm in Indiana. The Captain spent his early life in Dearborn County, receiving his instruction at the common schools. In 1851 he married Miss Elizabeth J. Shep- hard, a daughter of Kussell Shephard, of Eipley County, at which place Mrs. Wilson was born and reared. After his mar- riage he farmed in that county for five years, but sold out in 1856, and, moving west, settled on the place in Adair County, where be now resides. He has held several local offices, having been justice of the peace and postmaster at Wilson and other near places. In politics he is a Republican, and has served in the Home Militia and Home Guards. He was elected captain, and in the fall of 1862 was in service three months, but was, however, in no engagements. The Captain has 320 acres in his home place, all fenced and improved, living in a substautial house, with good barns, etc., connected. He owns 130 acres in another tract, which are also well improved ; and he is considered one of the well-to-do and enterprising farmers of Wilson Township. Mrs. Wilson is identified with the Baptist Church, and Mr. Wilson is a member of La Plata Lodge, No. 237, A. F. & A. M. Dr. Thomas P. Wiseman was born in St. Louis County, Mo., in March, 1845, where he was reared and educated, attending the DesPeres College. He began the study of medicine before he became of age, and graduated at the Keokuk College of Physi- cians and Surgeons in 1875. He located at Brashear in the spring of the same year, where he has since enjoyed a lucrative practice. He was married in 1865 to Eliza W. Anderson, a native of Lewis County, Mo., by whom he had three sons and one daughter, all of whom are living. The mother of these children 4ied in 1877, and he afterward c^arried Sarab (Jreenvood, a 1036 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. native of Illinois, by whom two daughters were born, one of whom is now living. His second wife died in 1881, and he subse- quently married Mrs. Mattie Cleareland, nee Keller. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South.' Thomas Wiseman, the father, was a native of Virginia, and in his youth came to Missouri, locating with his parents near St. Louft. Jonathan, the grandfather of our subject, afterwards died in Marion Countj% Mo. Thomas died at the old homestead near St. Louis in 1846. The mother, Amanda (Phelps) Wiseman, was a native of Kentucky, but was reared in Missouri. Her death occurred in 1884 at the old homestead. The Doctor was one of a family of ten children, four sons and four daughters reaching the age of maturity. PUTJ^AM COUNTY. Michael Baughman was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., November 22, 1853, and is a son of Christian and Sarah (Dale) Baughman, natives of Westmoreland County, Penn., also. The father moved to Van Buren County, Iowa in 1854, and in 1861 moved to Missouri where he lived three years, after which he became a resident of Appanoose County, Iowa, where he now lives. He is a Democrat in politics, and served twelve years in succession as township trustee. Michael reached maturity and received a good common-school education in Iowa. In 1861 he came with his father to Missouri, and February 4, 1879, was married to Miss Mary Carter, daughter of Thomas Carter (deceased), formerly of Ohio. Mrs. Baughman Was born in Iowa, and reared by her stepfather, Benjamin Wagoner, in Iowa and Missouri. Her union with our subject has been blessed with four children: John H., Charles A., Maud May and William Nelson. Mr. Baughman settled upon his present farm three years previous to his marriage, and now owns 160 acres of prairie land in his home place, well improved, and 40 acres of timber land in another tract. In the spring of 1873 he made a trip to California over the Northern Pacific Eoad, and spent about three summers in California. He traveled quite extensively in Central Oregon, Central California, and spent some time in Sacramento, Maryville and other towns. He returned home in the fall of 1875. He is a successful farmer, and is interested in fine cattle, pf which he has some graded stock. PUTNAM COUNTY. 1037 Reuben Beary, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Lehigh County, Penn., October 19, 1810, is of German descent, and a son of Abraham and Sarah (Barkhalder) Beary, natives of Penn- sylvania and Virginia, respectively. The father was a carpenter by trade, and built and contracted quite extensively, erecting churches, school-houses and other public buildings. He engaged in this business until his death, which occurred in Lehigh County. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in his native county, and at the age of sixteen, having learned the carpentering business from his father, he engaged in that pursuit, which he followed for several years, sometimes employing from four to six men. Li 1856 he came to Missouri, and pre-empted and entered land where he now lives. He at first entered but 160 acres, but afterward bought 160 acres more across the road, in Section 32, and forty acres in Section 34, and, although he presented his son with eighty acres, still owns at present 240 acres of improved meadow and pasture, upon which is a good house, barn, etc. He was married in New York, in 1837, to Miss Ann Shad, a native of that State. Mrs. Beary died in 1846, leaving a family of four children: Sophia (wife of Peter Bucher), Caroline (wife of David Lamme, of Idaho), J. D. S. (see sketch) and Polly (who died aged ten) . Mr. Beary afterward was married in Indiana to Simiria Miller, by whom he had four children, all deceased. His second wife died in Indiana, and he was married April 8, 1864, in Putnam County, to Mary Miller, nee McNealy, daughter of John McNealy. This lady was born in Pennsylvania, and is the mother of five children by this marriage, four of whom are living: Isabell (wife of P. Eeese), Armenia (wife of Grant Alexander), Eosell and Eosa, twins, living at home. In 1839 Mr. Beary moved from New York to Ohio, and in 1839 located in Summit County, and practiced his trade in Akron two- years. He moved to Whitley County, Ind., in 1841, where he cleared and improved land, and followed his trade. In 1856 he sold out and moved to Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Beary and a daughter are members of the United Brethren Church. ' Mr. Beary is a liberal gentleman, and contributes largely to public enterprises. Josiah D. S. Beary, farmer and stock raiser, St. John, Mo., was born in Whitley County, Ind., August 21, 1844, and is the only son of a family of five children, born to Eeuben and Ann (Shad) Beary [see sketch], three of whom survive. One of his sisters is a resident of Idaho, and one, Mrs. S. S. Bucher, of Putnam County, at the present writing. Polly died when ten years old, and Ann, when an infant. J. D. S. accompanied his parents to Missouri in 1856, where he lived until sixteen years of age. On June 17, 1861, he enlisted in the war, and on the i038 BIOGEAPrilOAL APPENDIX. following NoYember 14, was mustered into Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry as private, for three years. He re-enlisted January 1, 1864, as did almost the entire regiment, and served until discharged in August, 1865, at St. Louis, Mo., after having spent four years in service. He was in the battles of Shiloh, luka, siege and capture of Corinth and second battle of Corinth; accompanied Sherman on his march to the sea, participating in all engagements, and was at all the fights incident to the capture of Atlanta. He was never severely wounded, although he received several shots through his cloth- ing and a flesh wound in his hip. At the time of his discharge he had not attained his twenty-first year. After his return home he engaged in farming, and, October 8, 1865, was married in Putnam County, to Miss Isabelle W. Pollock, daughter of Thomas and Isabelle (Wilson) Pollock, pioneer settlers of the county. Mrs. Beary is a sister of D. W. Pollock, of St. John, and is the mother of four children: Thomas R., Laura Belle, William A. and Ira Pollock. She is also the mother of five children, all of whom died — four infants, and the eldest daughter, Barbara Jane, who died April 22, 1886, aged sixteen years four months and eight days. She was a dutiful and loving daughter, and a mem- ber of the United Brethren Church. Directly after his marriage Mr. Beary located upon the farm where he now resides, which contains 125 acres of land nearly all prairie, upon which is built a good and comfortable residence and good outbuildings. He also owns 175 acres of meadow and plow land in Iowa. Mr. Beary is a stanch Republican, and an earnest advocate of the temperance cause. Rev. Hamilton W. Berry, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Bast Virginia in Montgomery County, January 9, 1885, and is a son of Rev. Joseph H. and Rebecca (Dierly) Berry, natives of Virginia also. The family moved to Missouri in the fall of 1840, and settled in what is now Putnam County, and near where H. W. now lives. Here the father entered and improved farm land, and lived until his death in August, 1867. He served as justice of the peace for about twelve years, and devoted a good deal of time to the ministry for about thirty-five years, being a local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church, to which faith he had united before becoming of age. Hamilton W. Berry accompanied his father to Missouri in 1840, and during his youth received a common- school education in Putnam County, which he afterward improved by study. When twenty-two years old he began to teach, devoting the winters of a number of years to that vocation. April 29, 1858, he married Rebecca Cassada, daughter of William and Sarah Ann (Surrey) Cassada, formerly PUTNAM COUNTY. 1039 of New Jersey and Ohio, respectively. Mrs. Berry was born in Brown County, Ohio, and was brought to Missouri when fourteen years old, by her parents. Mr. Berry located near Graysville after his marriage, where he farmed until 1862, and then moved upon his present place. The improvements of this place are mostly due to his labor and management, and his farm consists of 180 acres, sixty of which are finely improved and cultivated. When twenty-two years of age Mr. Berry was licensed to preach in the Methodist Episcopal Church South, but in 1876 joined the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, in which he was ordained a minister. For about five years while in the Methodist Episco- pal Church he was a circuit preacher. Since that time he has had charge of two churches, his work being mostly of an evan- gelical character. He is an active and earnest Christian, and still continues to preach nearly every Sabbath in the diflEerent neigh- borhoods of the vicinity in which he lives. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Berry has been blessed with ten children: Elizabeth, Sarah E. (wife of W. S. Pixler), Joseph H., Kegina, Ettie, Des- sie Belle and William C. Thomas J. died in 1881, aged twenty; Montana died in 1883, aged seventeen, and Genevra who died in infancy in 1865. Of a family of seven children born to Hamil- ton W. Berry, Sr., four are living: Hon. P. C. Berry, of Schuy- ler County, Mo. ; W^. M. E. Berry, of Southern Kansas, and Charles T. C. Berry, of Custer County, Neb., and our subject. There were six brothers, in all, who were well educated, partly by their own exertions, and four of whom were teachers. A. C. Berry, M. D., is a native of Morgan County, Ohio, and was born June 27, 1852, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Cummings) Berry, who celebrated their golden wedding Janu- ary 7, 1886, and are now residents of Macon. To them five sons and four daughters were born, one daughter dying in infancy. A. C. was the youngest child, and has three brothers and two sis- ters still living, and all residents of Missouri. One, William R., was a surgeon in an Ohio regiment during the late war, and War- ren W. served in the Federal army, in the Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The paternal grandfather lived in Ohio and died in Iowa. Our subject left Ohio with his parents, and located at Macon, Mo., where he began the study of medicine. He attended the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati, from which institution he graduated in 1876, and in April of the same year located in Unionville, Mo., where he has since resided. He prac- ticed three years and a half in partnership with Dr. Hart, then alone for a few years, then with Dr. Brumbaugh about two years, and then alone again until March, 1886, when a partnership with W. L. Downing was formed. In 1877 he was married to Katie 1040 BlOGEAtHICAt, APPENDIX. O'Reilly, a native of Ohio, by whom three sons and one daugh- ter have been born, one son dying in infancy. He is now a prominent physician of Unionville, and is considered one of the enterprising citizens of the township. John Bonebright, farmer and stock raiser of Section 34, Jackson Township, P. O. West Liberty, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., February 19, 1815. His parents were natives of Pennsylvania, the father, Jacob Bonebright, having been born in Somerset County, in 1787. His wife, Madeline (Smith) Bone- bright, accompanied her husband to Ohio in 1824, locating in Stark County, where they lived about three years ; they then lived three years each in Crawford County, and in St. Joseph County, Mich., where the father died in April, 1858. John Bonebright grew to manhood in Michigan, and when a young man came west, locating in Lee County, Iowa, in 1836, where he bought land, and improved a farm. While there he was united in marriage March 22, 1838, to Miss Sarah Roberts, daughter of Robert and Margaret Roberts, then residents of Lee County, Iowa, but formerly of Ohio. In 1856 Mr. Bonebright sold his farm in Lee County, and coming to Putnam County, Mo., proceeded to found a new home ; he is a successful farmer, and is now the owner of 280 acres of land, having sold quite a num- ber of acres some time ago. Two hundred and forty acres of this land are well fenced and under a good state of cultivation. He resides in a large farm-house surrounded by a nice orchard, and has reared a family of six children, and lost four: Joseph J. (married and living in Putnam County), Robert (deceased at the age of thirteen), Henry (who died in infancy), Andrew J. married and in Dakota), Joseph (married and in Nebraska), Estella (who died in Kansas, leaving a husband and three chil- dren), Isadora (wife of John Skipper, of Kansas), Marietta (deceased wife of J. J. Jones). She died while at her father's in May, 1879, and her two children, John Leroy, aged eleven, and Sarah B., aged nine, are making their home with their grand- parents. Mr. and Mrs. Bonebright are worthy and conscien- tious members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Previous to the war Mr. Bonebright was a Democrat, and cast his first presi- dential vote for James K. Polk, but is now identified with the Republican party. For the last forty years he has been an earnest advocate of the cause of temperance, and is in favor of absolute prohibition. B. H. Bonfoey was born in Marshall, Harrison Co., Tex., November 28, 1854, and lived in his native county until thirteen years of age. After the death of his parents, in 1866, he went to live with relatives in Connecticut. He soon attended the Wor- tUTNAM COUNTY. 1041 Chester Polytechnic School one year, and afterward attended the Hopkins School, and, after his graduation from that institute, attended the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale, one year. In 1873 he came west, and engaged in several employments for a number of years, including civil engineering for the Edwards Bros.' Atlas Co. In 1879 he located in Unionville, and engaged in the loan, real estate and insurance business, in which he has met with well-deserved success. He also studied law, and in 1886 was admitted to the bar. In January, 1878, he was united in marriage to Anna A. Webb, daughter of Alexander R. Webb, the founder of the Daily Star, of Hudson, N. Y. This union of our subject and wife has been blessed with three sons: A. N. Webb, a brother of Mrs. Bonfoey is the present consul to the Philippine Islands; another brother holds a position of honor in the Sandwich Islands; one is in the United States pos- tal service, and another was the editor of the Unionville (Mo.) Republican, a number of years. Mr. Bonfoey is the lieutenant- colonel of the Second Regiment Select Knights, A. O. U. W., and a member of the I. O. O. P., F. & A. M. and K. of H. He is the third of four sons, and has two brothers now residing in Connecticut, and one who is engaged in engineering work in Chicago. His father, Davis B. Bonfoey, was a native of Con- necticut, and married in Alabama to Emma Powers. After his marriage he moved to Texas, and was one of the pioneer settlers of the Loan Star State. For many years he served as internal revenue collector of the Eastern Division of Texas. James M. Brasfield, a well-known, influential and popular citizen of Putnam County, was born in Garrard County, Ky., July 7, 1814, and, when about six years old, moved with his par- ents to Madison County, Ky., where he lived upon a farm until about twenty years of age, and then accompanied his parents to Rockcastle County, Ky., where, November 20, 1834, he married Mary Ann Ballard, a native Kentuckian. He followed agricult- ural pursuits in that county until February, 1839, and then came to Missouri, and purchased property at Shelbyville, Shelby County, to which place he moved with his family in the fall, ari-iving there October 29. He came overland, and drove, bring- ing with him the first fine cattle ever introduced in that vicinity. He resided in Shelby County until March 1, 1841, and then located upon the farm which he soon after entered — Section 21, Township 65, Range 16, Putnam County. An idea of the pri- vations, hardships, customs, and habits, of the early pioneers of Putnam County can be gained from the following extracts of an article prepared by our subject, and read at the old settlers' meeting at Unionville, Saturday, August 25, 1882: " I came to 1042 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Putnam (then Adair) County from Shelby County in the spring of 1841, with my wife and three children. Our wagon was our house for three days. By that time I had a log cabin up, with a chimney up to the arch, and moved on a hill where there had never been a survey. The wolves were plenty, and watched my hog-pen day and night, compelling me to build it adjoining my house. As hemp and flax were soon sown, my wife made linen and tow clothes, and I went on with my farming, using rope traces, corn-husk collars, etc. The night I landed a bee-tree was found, and from that time honey was plenty, as was also deer and turkeys. I had to go twelve miles to a blacksmith, with no roads to travel over, and it was fifteen miles to the post- office, where we had to pay 25 cents postage before receiv- ing a letter. My first mill was a mortar, made by burning the top of a stump, and then scraping it out bowl-shaped. In this we would place soaked corn, and then pound it with an iron wedge, fastened to the end of a pole. We sifted the meal made in this unique manner, using the fine for bread and the coarse for hominy. The next was the hand-mill, similar to the coffee mill, soon followed by small buhrs, run by hand, and then came the horse-power. I went to Palmyra (seventy-five miles) to mill a few times — drove cattle to the Mississippi River, and sold them at $7.50 per head." Mr. Brasfield resided upon the old home place, mentioned above, until 1882, and then retired from active agricultural life, and moved to Unionville, where he still resides, a highly-honored and respected citizen, but he is still one of the largest land holders in the county. By his first wife he has five surviving children — two sons and three daughters. One son is deceased. The three sons all served in the State Militia. The mother of these children died in 1851, and Mr. Brasfield afterward married Narcissa C. Haynes, a native of Giles County, Tenn. To this union five sons and two daughters have been born. Anna P., a highly accomplished and estimable young lady, died in her eighteenth year, while attending school at the State Normal, at Kirksville, Mo. Mr. and Mrs. Brasfield are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. James L., the father of James M., was born in Virginia, May 7, 1780, and married in Kentucky, to Mary Moberly, May 22, 1806. This lady was born March 3, 1787. They moved to Putnam County several years subsequent to the date of our subject's locating in that county. Their deaths occurred in Putnam County, Decem- ber 25, 1859, and April 11, 1869. Mr. Brasfield is the second child of a family of two sons and three daughters, all of whom lived to maturity. His sisters are all dead, and the brother, John J., resides at Hartford, Putnam Co., Mo. He has never PXtTNAM COUNTY. 1043 used tobacco in any form, nor any kind of intoxicants, and is a faithful advocate of temperance, and a living example of the ben- efit it affords in that now, in his seventy-fourth year, he is enjoy- ing good health, with a well preserved constitution, and a vigor and activity equal to those of most young men. Z. T. Brawford, real estate and loan agent of Union ville, is a native of Schuyler Oouuty, Mo., and was born November 18, 1846, and is a son of Spotswood D., a native of Augusta County, Virginia, and Martha (Brasfield) Brawford, a sister of James M. Brasfield. Spotswood D. was the son of a large slave holder, who lived and died in Augusta County, Va., and about 1842 ocated in Schuyler County, Mo., where our subject was borju, and engaged in the mercantile trade at Tippecanoe, but, af ter the county seat was moved to Lancaster, he moved his store to that place. Z. T. was an only child, and at the age of eight months lost his mother, afterward making his home with his maternal grandparents, in Putnam County, where he lived upon a farm until January 2, 1862, when he enlisted in the Second Missouri Cavalry, serving until his discharge March 10, 1865. He then embarked in the mercantile business at Unionville, in December, 1865, and continued in that business for two years. He then filled a clerkship for two years, and then engaged in the stock trade. In 1872 he was appointed county clerk. In 1874 he was elected to the office of county clerk, and re-elected in 1878, serving until January, 1883. He now owns a farm in Wilson Township, to which he devoted his attention until Jan- uary, 1887, when he engaged in the real estate and loan agency business. In 1874 he married Deborah Brasfield, nee Campbell, a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, by whom he had two sons and two daughters. He is a member of the F. & A. M. and A. O. U. W. William M. Bruce, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Jeiferson County, Mississippi, January 2, 1822, and is a son of Benjamin W. and Rachel (Puckett) Bruce, natives of Tennessee and Mississippi, respectively. The father was of Scotch descent, and moved from Tennessee to Shelby County, 111., where he died. Mrs. Bruce died in Mississippi. William M. grew to maturity in Illinois, and was married in Shelby County, in 1842, to Maria E. Cain, who was born in West Virginia, and reared in Illinois. After their marriage they lived in Shelby and Peoria Counties several years. They afterward moved to Iowa, living in different counties for some time, and about 1857 came to Missouri, locating in Putnam County, in their present neighborhood, where he bought and improved land. His first purchase consisted of but eighty acres, but he now owns 120 acres, eighty being well 1044 BtOGEAPHiCAL APPENDIX. fenced and cultivated, and the balance in timber and brush land. He has been a resident of the county since first coming here with the exception of two years spent in Iowa, To himself and wife eight children have been born: James B., of Benton County, Mo. ; Malinda J. (wife of J. A. Goddard), David L., Bruce, Benjamin E., Martha B. (wife of William 0. Michael), Thomas J., Bmiline (of Ozark, Mo., wife of Peter M. Ward) and Henry P. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce are members of the Christian Church, and very hospitable people. Peter Bucher was born near Berne, in Switzerland, in 1833, and is the eldest of a family of six children born to Peter and Margaret (White) Bucher, natives of Switzerland, who came to the United States in 1845, and settled in Indiana. The mother died in 1872, but the father is still living, and a resident of Greene County, Ind. His father, also named Peter, went to Greene County from Switzerland, where he passed the remainder of his life. The maternal grandfather of our subject was also a native Swiss, and moved to Greene County, Ind., where he died. The subject of this sketch accompanied his parents upon their re- moval to Greene County, Ind., afterward moving to Monroe County, Iowa, in 1854, and then to Putnam County, Mo., in 1856. He was educated at an academy in his native land, but, after com- ing to America, first worked as a day laborer, and afterward fir- ing and engineering for a saw and grist-mill until 1859. He then devoted his attention to farming and stock raising, and as the fruit of his industry and practical business ability is now the owner of a splendidly improved farm of 240 acres of good land, upon which he resides. This land is well stocked and equipped for farming and stock raising, and in addition to this tract he also owns others in the county. In 1859 he was married to Miss Sarah S., daughter of Reuben Beary, a native of Pennsylvania. To Mr. and Mrs. Bucher five children have been born: Reuben T., Blmore (deceased), Carrie, Maggie and David. Neither Mr. nor Mrs. Bucher are formally united with any church, but both are in sympathy with the United Brethren denomination. Mr. Bucher is a Republican in politics, and on about March 12, 1864, enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, serving until the fall of 18(]5, when he was mustered out at Louisville, Ky. Mr. Bucher is one of the enterprising farmer citizens of the township, and enjoys the respect of the community. Philip Burlingame was born in Duchess County, N. T., and is the eighth of nine children born to John and Phoebe (Tomp- kins) Burlingame, natives of the same county, where they passed their lives. They were of Bnglish and German descent, respect- ively. The mother was a daughter of Moses and Layner Tomp- PUTNAM COUNTY. 1045 kins, also natives of Duchess County, where they lived and died. Philip moved to Putnam County, Mo., in 1862 (while on the road stopping in Illinois two months), and has since been a resi- dent of this county. He has received all his education since be- coming of age, as his youth was spent upon a farm and his educa- tional opportunities were few. He has always engaged in farm work, and when but eleven years old was obliged to begin the fight of life for himself. He worked at first as a day laborer, but by persistent efforts and patient economy has become the owner of a well improved farm upon which he resides of 630 acres. This farm is well stocked, and in every way fully equipped for farm- ing and stock raising. In 1863 he married Mrs. Emily Max- well, nee Clear, daughter of Jacob and Margaret Clear, natives of Ohio and New Jersey, respectively. To Mr. and Mrs. Burlin- game six children have been born: Mary, Ella, Charles, Miles (deceased), Jacob Frederick and Frank Lawrence. Mr. Bur- lingame is a Republican in politics; he is a member of the Masonic fraternity. J. E. Burnham, attorney, is a native of Mason County, 111., and was born January 9, 1857. He attended the Illinois Uni- versity one term, and in 1878 began the study of law at Union College of Law, Chicago, and was admitted to the bar in Mercer County, Missouri, in September, 1880, and in 1882 located at Unionville and began to practice his chosen profession. In 1878 he was united in marriage to Anna Young, a native of Mason County, 111., by whom two sons and two daughters have been born, named, respectively, Guy, True, Daisy and Carrie, all living save Guy. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and himself and wife are united with the Christian Church. The Burnham family is descended from three brothers who came from England prior to the Revolutionary War, in which they engaged, and all three located in Connecticut. Festus, the grandfather of our subject, was born in that State, lived and died there. The father, Henry G, was born in Connecticut, married in Ohio to Angeline Currier, with whom he afterward moved[to Illinois, where they now reside, at Havana. J. E. was the fourth of seven children, four sons and three daughters, born to his parents. His two elder sisters are now deceased. Carrie, the youngest, resides with her parents. His three brothers are all living, Alonzo, the eldest, being a physi- cian, with a large and lucrative practice near Jacksonville, 111. George is an attorney in Kansas City, with a good business. Philo, the youngest,resides on the old homestead near Mason City, 111., where he is engaged in the raising of fine horses. Frank A. Burns, treasurer of Putnam County, was born in Schuyler County, Mo., December 25, 1854, where he was reared 1046 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. and eduoatbd at the country schools. At the age of seventeen he accepted a position as clerk in a general store at Glenwood, Schuyler Co., and remained there eight years, being in business part of the time for himself. In March, 1879, he moved to Putnam County, and in September of the same year located in Unionville, where he clerked for a time, then being appointed deputy county clerk. In 1882 he was a candidate for county treasurer before the Republican county convention, and went into the convention with three delegates over a majority instructed for him, but was defeated under a two-thirds rule. In November, 1886, he was elected county treasurer by a majority of 400 votes. March 27, 1877, he was married to Mary Home, a native of Ohio, by whom two children have been born, Emerson and Edgar. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and A. O. U. W. His pater- nal great-grandfather was a native of Scotland. His grandfather, George, was born near Harper's Ferry, and tlie paternal grand- mother was born in Pennsylvania, in 1757, and was of German descent. John W., the father, was born in Clermont County, Ohio, June 20, 1820, and married in Indiana to Ethelinda Bradley, a native of Kentucky. In the spring of 1844 they immigrated to Missouri, locating in Howard County, and in the fall of the same year moved to Schuyler County, and from there to Unionville in 1879. Our subject is the youngest of four sons and three daughters born to them, all living save one. The maternal grandfather, Samuel Bradley, was born in Kentucky in 1790, and was in the War of 1812, and was taken prisoner and held by the British six or eight months. He married Elizabeth Nichols, a lady of Welsh descent, in 1813, and moved to Indiana in 1826, and to Missouri in 1844. Mrs. Frank A. Burns is a daughter of William and Lucy Home, a native of Germany, and was bom in Warren County, Ohio, August 28, 1854, and moved with her parents to Iowa in October, 1855. E. L. Burrill, proprietor of the Barnum Hotel, is a native of Maine, and was born March 4, 1836, and in early childhood accompanied his parents to Massachusetts, locating in Lowell. At the age of nine he went to New Hampshire, and was there reared by his relatives upon a farm. In 1857 he immigrated west to Springfield, 111., and served as fireman on the Great Western Railroad, between Naples and the Indiana State line. He worked on this road thirteen years, part of the time being passenger conductor, which position he afterward filled upon the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad nine years. He then worked on the Wabash He now has a nice place in meadow pasture and plow land, all fenced, and has an orchard of about 125 choice apple trees and a good house and outbuildings. His wife died in Putnam County, in 1871, leaving five children: Nancy J. (wife of M. V. Loomis), Docia Ann (widow of Jackson Cook), W. L. (of Nebraska), George E. (of Nebraska) , and T. F. (who lives with his father). The last three are married. September 15, 1877, Mr. Clark married Lucinda, former wife of Franklin Carter, and daughter of William Shirley, of Indiana. Mrs. Clark was born in Kentucky, but reared in Indiana, where she was married. To this union one child, Thomas F., was born in Putnam County, July 25, 1856. March 27, 1887, he was married in Putnam County to Butoka Williams, daughter of Daniel C. Williams, of Mercer County. Mrs. Clark, Jr., was born in Warsaw, Iowa, and is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Levi Clark joined the Christian Church while in Indiana, and his wife is also a member of the same denomination. Edmund Clifton, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of York Township, was born in Owen County, Ky., in 1827, and in 1855 moved to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. When twenty-three years of age he started to battle with the world alone, and although he began life with nothing, has, by his own unassisted toil, industry and economy become the owner of 140 acres of good land, well equipped for farming. In 1850 he married Miss Julia A. Wilson, a native of Kentucky, by whom ten children have been born: Elizabeth, Mary E., Isaac, Charles H, Sarah, Edmund, Martha, William H., Annie (dead) and Louisa. Mrs. Clifton is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Clifton is a member of the G. A. R. In politics he is a Democrat and as such has served his township in several official capacities. In 1861 he enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, and was mustered out of service at Louisville, Ky., after serving three years and six months. He is the third child born to Charles and Polly (Smith) Clifton, natives of Dela- ware and Virginia, respectively. Mrs. Clifton was a widow of Mr. Osborn at the time of her marriage with Mr. Clifton, who was a son of David and Esther Clifton, early settlers of Dela- ware and Virginia. Samuel Coker was born in Morgan County, 111., in 1825, and in 1865 moved to Mercer County, Mo., where he remained until 1869, then locating permanently in Putnam County, Mo. He PUTNAM COUNTY. 1051 was reared upon the farm in Morgan County, 111., and has always been engaged in farming and stock raising. During his early life he received a good common-school education, and when but a young man began life for himself with no capital. He has, however, by industry and good management become the owner of 160 acres of good land upon which he lives, and which is under a fine state of cultivation. In 1849 he was united in marriage to Miss Julia Ann, daughter of John J. and Hester (Blair) Miller, who were born in Tennessee near Nashville, where Mrs. Coker was born. Mrs. Coker, when but a year old, was taken to Morgan County, 111., and then to Sangamon County, where her mother died, Mr. Miller living until after he had moved to Put- nam County. He was of Irish descent and a son of Peter and Mary Miller, natives of Tennessee. Mrs. Miller was of German origin and a daughter of Andrew and Sarah Blair, her father being a native of North Carolina. To Mr. and Mrs. Coker thir- teen children have been born: Alexander (deceased), Sarah H., Isadore A., Samuel C. and William S. (twins), John D., Charles C, Lizzie D., Irene H., Absalom G., Effie L., Bosa L. and Andrew L. The family are attendants of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Coker is a Democrat in politics as was also his father. To his parents, Dennis and Sarah (Jones) Coker, natives of North Carolina, nine children were born, of whom he was the third. His parents were of Dutch and English descent; the father was a successful farmer and soldier in the War of 1812. Jasper N. Comstock, member of the firm of Comstock Bros., dealers and manufacturers of harness, saddlery, etc., was born in Unionville, June 1, 1860, and has always resided in the town of his nativity. He worked upon the farm and in a carding mill until nineteen years old, and then learned the harness trade with A. M. Sweet of Unionville, with whom he remained until April, 1883, and soon after that time purchased the stock of H. F. Hughes, and has since been located at his present place of business. In November, 1881, he was united in marriage to Ida Bobbins, a native of the county, by whom two sons and one daughter have been born. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. His brother, James M., who resides upon the farm, is his partner in the business above mentioned, in which they employ two men and carry a fine stock, ranking among the enterprising merchants of Unionville. John G, the paternal grandfather of our subject, died in Howard County, Kas. Frank French, the father, came from Iowa to Putnam County, in 1860, and operated a carding mill about fifteen years, since which time he has followed agri- cultural pursuits. The mother, Mary (Underwood) Comstock, is still living. Jasper N. is one of twelve children — five sons 1052 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. and seven daughters born to Mr. and Mrs. Comstock, of whom three sons and five daughters still live. Thomas Cossel, farmer and stock raiser, Section 16, Grant Township, settled upon his present place, which was then slightly improved, in December, 1872. He first purchased eighty acres of land, and after he had improved same, bought thirty acres more. Eighty-two acres are well fenced and cultivated into meadow and plow land. He is comfortably situated in a nice house one-and-a-half-story high, and has a good new barn, etc. He was born June 29, 1847, and moved to Davis County, Iowa, with his father, in 1854, where he grew to manhood. He was united in marriage, in Putnam County, on January 14, 1872, to Demiries, daughter of James and Celina Bichardson, who reside near Unionville, and came from Indiana. Mrs. Cossel was born in Indiana, September 24, 1854, and is the mother of two chil- dren: Sylva and Ida. Mr. Cossel is a son of Michael Cossel, a native of Virginia, who went to Illinois with his father, John Cossel, also a native of Virginia. Michael Cossel grew to manhood and was married in Coles County, 111., to Martha MeCord, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of Asa McCord, a native of that State. Thomas Cossel is the oldest of a family of four sons and three daughters ; four brothers and two sisters still living. One of his brothers lives in Lewis County, one in Kansas, and one at home with his father. All are married. The two sisters who survive are married, one living in Davis County, Iowa, and one in Texas. A. J. Crist, a successful farmer and stock raiser of Lincoln Township, was born July 28, 1836, in Marion County, Ind., and is the third child of James M. and Amanda (McHvain) Crist, who had in all ten children. James Christ was born March 10, 1807, in Indiana Territory, now Dearborn County, Ind. He went to Marion County, Ind., and about 1853 to Putnam County, Mo. ; in 1857 to Kansas, and in 1859 returned to Putnam County, where he resided until his death. He began life for himself when hardly of age, with no money, so that his property was the result of his own unassisted toil and good management. At the time of his death he owned 240 acres of good land, well-improved and cultivated, besides property in Unionville. During the Rebellion he served his country in the Missouri State Militia. He was an active, zealous and faithful member of the Missionary Baptist Church for nearly fifty years, and was a deacon of same over forty years. He helped to organize the Baptist Church, which he attended, and furnished the greater part of the money and material required for the building. He was a highly respected citizen and always ready to aid educational and philanthropic enterprises. He was married in 1831 to Amanda PUTNAM COUNTY. 1053 Mcllvain, by whom he had ten children, five of whom are still living. Mrs. Crist died August 10, 1873, and Mr. Crist was married a second time on April 30, 1874, to Miss Mary E. Kogers, a native of Kentucky, and daughter of Isaac and Lucy M. (Baird) Eogers, natives of Albemarle County, Ya., and Barren County, Ky., respectively. The father was of Welsh-English and the mother of German descent. Isaac Eogers was a son of Achilles and Mary (George) Eogers, natives of England and Wales, respectively. To Mr. and Mrs. 'Crist two children were born: Lillie May and James M. James M. Crist, Sr., was a son of George and Elizabeth (Lord) Crist, natives of Pennsylvania, and early settlers of Indiana. A. J. Crist, the immediate subject of this sketch, moved from his native county to Howard County, Ind., from there to Miami County, and from there to Putnam County, Mo., in October, 1854. In 1857 he went to Kansas, but in 1865 returned to Putnam County, where he has since resided. Although when a young man he began life poor, he is now worth 120 acres of good land, the result of industry and good manage- ment. In 1863 he enlisted in Company I, Fourteenth Kansas Cavalry, and upon the close of the war was mustered out of service at Port Gibson, Cherokee Nation. On December 10, 1857, he married Miss Louisa Eennels, daughter of Adolphus Eennels, and to this union two children have been born: Melissa and Emily O. Mr. and Mrs. Crist are both active members of the Missionary Baptist Church. In politics the former is a Eepublican, and he is a member of the G. A. E. Eichard A. Callor was born in Stokes County, North Carolina, June 1, 1836, and is a son of Joseph and Sarah (Mosier) Cullor, natives of the same county. The father was a man of consider- able means, and engaged in farming, milling, distilling, and kept a store. He owned no slaves, hiring all his help. He died in North Carolina in 1838. Eichard A. grew to manhood in his native county, and received a good education in Guilford County, N. C, at the Gordon College (Quaker institution), which he attended two years, but was obliged to leave on account of ill health. He afterward taught some in North Carolina and Put- nam County, Mo. July 27, 1858, he Was married in Stokes County to Miss Susan Laura Tilley, daughter of Aaron B. Til- ley, who was a slaveholder and large farmer. There Mrs. Cullor was born and reared. In January, 1860, they went to Sangamon County, 111., and, after living there a few months, came to Mis- souri, settling first in Shelby County. In the fall of 1863 they came to Putnam County, locating about half a mile from his present residence. He now owns 510 acres of land in the home place, all fenced, and the greater part fine bottom land on Locust 1054 BIOaBAPHICAL APPENDIX. Creek. His land is well improved, and lie lives in a good two- story brick and basement residence, with accompanying outbuild- ings, orchard, etc. In 1864 Mr. CuUor enlisted in the Twelfth Missouri Cavalry, and served until discharged, April 13, 1866. A stranger in the community, without friends or relatives, and destitute of the necessities of life, he was forced into the service though religiously opposed to war — forced to espouse that which he most disliked, or lose his life. At that time one of the most active men in this vicinity was an influential Freemason, who, among other cruelties, ordered to be shot Bev. John L. Wood, of Sullivan County, for no reason save that he was a Democrat in principles. He participated in the Nashville fight and several skirmishes, but his duty called him on the plains, hunting Indi- ans, from the 1st of July, 1865, to April 13, 1866. During this time his command missed their supply train, and for twenty days they were without rations, surrounded by Indians, and obliged to subsist on wild-rose berries, buds, etc., and the flesh of horses and mules. Although suffering such hardships as these, they were not without their good effects, for it was during this period that Mr. CuUor was cured of a serious disease contracted while in the South. Politically he was a Democrat, but has never sought or held office, except as president for two years of Putnam County Association — an organization opposed to secret societies — which called forth such opposition and hatred that his life was twice endangered. His son, Luther, was wrongfully imprisoned for over three years. In other ways Mr. Cullor has been greatly perse- cuted, and has been literally deprived of property aggregating the sum of nearly $7,000. For all this, however, he holds no revenge, and, as he expresses it, is thankful to God for His mercy and grace. He has eleven children: Jeptha T. (married in Col- orado), Jasper E. (who died when ten months old), Martin L., Joseph E., Eliza Frances (wife of David Haup, of Kansas), Minnie L., Lee Lora, Eichard A., Mary Ida, Willie Mettie and Neal Fred. John Daly was born in Sullivan County, Mo., in 1839, and is a son of William and Permelia (Holland) Daly. The father was born in Kentucky, in 1802, and about 1834 went to Sullivan County, Mo., locating near Scottsville. In 1851 he located in York Township, Putnam County, and in 1853 went to Oregon. He was one of the earliest settlers of both Putnam and Sullivan Counties. His wife, Permelia, was born in East Tennessee, in 1811, and died in 1866. Her father, Jacob Holland, was the first white man that ever settled in Sullivan County. Mrs. Daly was twice married, her first husbalid having been Peter Taylor. She was the mother of twelve children, our subject being the PUTNAM COUNTY. 1055 first of a family of eight born to her second marriage. He came to Putnam County, Ind., wlien twelve years old, and January 31, 1861, married Miss Sarali Young, nee Ellis. This lady was born in Putnam County, Ind., in 1832, and is the mother of six children: Nancy (wife of Charles Howry), Eebecca (wife of Ethan Griffin) Joseph T., John, Bertie and Eldora. To Mrs. Daly's first marriage four children were born: Hercules, Lewis, Mary (wife of E. G. Amack) and Henry. After his marriage Mr. Daly located in York Township, where he resided until three years ago, then moving to Wilson Township. He is the owner of 160 acres of beautifully located and well cultivated land, three-fourth miles south of Wyreka. In March, 1885, Mr. Daly was appointed superintendent of the county poor-farm by the county court, and since that time has been re-employed twice, now serving his third year. He receives a salary of $750 per year and farms the place of 808 acres. Himself and wife are Protestant Methodists, and care for those under their charge faithfully and kindly. In politics Mr. Daly is a Republican. L. P. Davis was born on October 16, 1845, in Clinton County, Ky., and moved to Knox County, 111., in 1856. "With his par- ents, two years later, he came to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. When seventeen years old he started out iu life upon his own responsibility, and as the fruit of labor and economy now owns 760 acres of finely improved and well stocked land. He enlisted in 1862 in the Missouri State Militia as a substitute, serving nearly a year. Then after remaining home a short time he enlisted August 12, 1864, in Company D, Forty- second Missouri Volunteer Infantry. He served about eleven months, being mustered out of service at Nashville,, Tenn., hav- ing served from the organization of his company as second duty sergeant. His life occupation has been that of farming, and he is considered one of the best farmer citizens in the county. In March, 1867, he was married to Miss Mary A. Crist, daughter of J. M. and Amanda (Mcllvain) Crist, natives of Ohio and Lidiana, respectively. Mrs. Davis was born May 3, 1852, in Miami County, Ind., but iu 1854 was taken by her parents to Putnam County, Mo., going thence to Kansas in 1857 ; after a res- idence there of two years she returned to Putnam County, which has since been her home. To Mr. and Mrs. Davis four children have been born: Lincoln C, James M., Ora (deceased), and Alva Merritt. Mrs. Davis is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Davis is a Eepublican in politics and has served his township five years as collector, in a highly satisfactory man- ner. He is a member of the G. A. E. To his parents, C. J. and Virginia Davis, eleven children were born, of whom he was the 1056 BlOQBAPfllOAL AtPENDlX. eldest. His parents are at present living and residing in Put- nam County, aged sixty -four and sixty-two years, respectively. The grandparents, Absalom and AUie (Guffey) Davis, were natives of Sevier County, Tenn., and the grandfather was a min- ister in the Methodist Episcopal Church many years. His par- ents, Robert and Anarilla (Wood) ])avis, were born in Amherst County, Va., and Botetourt County, Va., respectively, and died in the year 1848. They moved from Virginia to North Carolina, then returned to Virginia, and then went to Sevier County, Tenn., and in 1804 moved to Clinton County, Ky. While in Kentucky they became converts to the Methodist faith, and became active and conscientious workers in that church. J. M. Crist, the father of Mrs. L. P. Davis, was born March 10, 1807, and died February 4, 1887. His wife was born January 1, 1814, and died August 10, 1873. Ten children were born to this union. Mrs. Crist was a daughter of James Mcllvain, who was born January 1, 1767,. and married Miss Margaret Gay, who was born September 8, 1772. Eight children were born of this union, Mrs. Davis' mother being the youngest. Henry C. Dickson was born in Sullivan County, Mo., October 4, 1844, and is a son of Judge George W. Dickson, a native of Miami County, Ohio, born February 1, 1820. His father, Will- iam Dickson, was born in South Carolina, June 3, 1798, and his mother, Mary (Sinks) Dickson, was born in North Carolina, in September, 1800. George W. spent his youth in his native county, and is a self-made and self-educated man, having become the latter almost entirely after reaching manhood. He was mar- ried in Darke County, at Greenville, near Old Treaty, where Gens. Wayne and Harrison treated with the Indians. Elizabeth Delk became his wife February 14, 1889. She was the daughter of Ethelred Delk, a soldier in the War of 1812. Her birthplace was in Preble County, Ohio, where she was born May 4, 1821, and she was reared in that and Darke County, Ohio. Directly after their marriage they moved to Randolph County, Ind., and eighteen months later, in November, 1840, came to Missouj^i, crossing the Mississippi River on the day Harrison was elected president. They spent one year in Grundy County, and about the same length of time in Livingston County. In the fall of 1843 they moved to Linn County (now Sullivan), and in 1848 came from there to Putnam County (then Dodge), locating in Jackson Township. Previous to this time Mr. Dickson had served as treasurer of the county, and after coming to Putnam County, he served sixteen years in succession as justice of the peace. He was the second county judge of the county. During the war, in 1862, he was appointed probate judge, and served ttJTNAM COUNTS. 1067 two years in that capacity. He is now identified with the Green- back party, although formerly he was a Democrat, and during the war was identified with and worked for the Republicans. He located upon his present place in April, 1853, entering 120 acres of land. He now owns 100 acres, forty in timber land and the remainder in meadow and plow. He has raised a family of eight children, six of whom are living: William Dickson, married and in Wilson Township; Henry C, married and living in Jackson Township; Elizabeth E., widow of B. Hodson, of Smith County, Kas. ; Ann Y., wife of Joseph F. Copppck, of Kansas. Those deceased are Albina, wife of James L. Johnson, died April 12, 1863, leaving two children, and Charles, who died in September, 1862, at Helena, Ark. He was a soldier in the late war, and served in the Seventh Missouri Cavalry. Judge Dickson became a Mason in 1863, and belongs to the Unionville, Mo., lodge. He is engaged in the nursery business, in which he embarked about 1876, and now has about 15,000 trees of different kinds of fruit. His nursery is known as the " Star Nursery." Henry C. Dick- son, the immediate subject of this sketch, came to Putnam County, Mo., with his parents, when a small boy, where he grew to man- hood and received a common-school education. July 11, 1861, he enlisted with the First Missouri Cavalry, as a private. He par- ticipated in the fights at Blue Mound, Mo., Snye Hills, Lone Jack, Prairie Grove, Ark., Van Buren, Ark., Clarendon and Lit- tle Rock. Near Fayetteville he was taken prisoner. He also participated in several skirmishes, and was mustered out at Little Rock, September 13, 1865, at that time being corporal of Com- pany I, First Missouri Cavalry. He returned home in 1865, and then spent a year in Indiana, where he learned the carpenter's trade. He then returned to Putnam County in 1867, and in April of that year married Susan C, daughter of Arthur McClure, of Putnam County. Mrs. Dickson was born in Greenbrier County, Va., and was reared and educated in her native State. In Sep- tember, 1883, Mr. Dickson went with a team and his family to Eureka Springs, Ark., where he remained a year on account of his wife's health. He has been engaged in the carpentering business for many years, and has contracted for and built many county bridges, school-houses, etc. In connection with this he has worked a farm of 193 acres. He was a strong Republican until the organization of the Greenback party, when he joined its ranks. He has served as justice eight years in succession, having first been elected to that office in 1869. In his family are Frances E., Ethred D., Arthur AV., Nancy E., Charles E. and Virgil L. Mr. Dickson is a member of the G. A. R. post at Xenia. He is this year engaged in the manufacture of a kiln of brick (100,000) for his own and market use. 10S8 BiOGEAtdlCAL APPENDIX. Alexander Elson, postmaster of Union ville, Putnam Co., Mo., was born in Clark County, Mo., July 1, 1839, and is a son of Richard T., who was born in Kentucky, near Louisville, and in 1837 married there to Zenobia Dinwiddle, also a native of the same State. In 1837 they moved to Marion County, Ind., and two years later to Clark County, Mo., landing in Alexandria in March, 1839. They are now both residents of Putnam County, living near Unionville. The paternal great-grandfather of our subject came from England, and located in Kentucky, where Alexander's grandfather, Cornelius, was born. He was a sol- dier in the War of 1812, and participated in Perry's victory. He died in Wayne County, Iowa. Mr. Elson is the eldest child of the six sons and four daughters born to his parents. Four sons were raised to maturity and are still living. Alexander Elson, when about twelve years old, was taken by his parents to Lee County, Iowa, and about six years later to Wayne County, Iowa, where he was married in 1861 to Martha Toliver, a native of McLean County, 111. He engaged in farming in Wayne County until April 1, 1866, and then moved to Unionville, where he embarked in the dry goods trade, under the firm name of Elson & Elson, an uncle being the other member of the firm. He con- tinued in the mercantile business for twelve years, and then engaged in the lumber business until June, 1886, when he sold out to the Baldwin Lumber Company, of Keokuk, Iowa. Since that time he has devoted his time to farming and fulfilling the duties of the post-office, to which position he was commissioned August 25, 1885. He now owns a farm of 160 acres in Union Township. He has had two sons and four daughters, but two of the daughters are now deceased. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. Birt Eahren, of the firm of Carroll & Eahren, merchants of Unionville, Mo., was born in Vandalia, 111., where he was reared and educated. He spent five years as a traveling salesman, and in August, 1886, located in Unionville, and became a member of the above named firm. His father, Fred Fahren, was born in Germany, and immigrated to America, where he was married in St. Louis, Mo., to Amelia Wall, a native of Philadelphia, and also of German descent. Birt Fahren lost his father in early childhood. He had two brothers, one of whom died in infancy, and the other, Fred, is now in the banking business at Vandalia, 111., and is captain of the 'Illinois National Guards. The father was engaged in the banking business during the active years of his life, and his death occurred in San Francisco. Mrs. Fahren died in Mason, 111. Mr. Birt Fahren is an enterprising and prosperous business man of Unionville, and by integrity and fair PUTNAM COUMTT. 1059 dealing the firm of which he is a member has established a good and constantly increasing business. James H. Forbes was born in Lee County, Va., January 4, 1841, and is a son of the Rev. David and Martha (Richardson) Forbes, natives of North Carolina, and Carter County, Tenn., respectively. ■ After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Forbes lived in Carter County about eight years, and then lived six years in Lee County, Va., after which they returned to Carter County. In 1851 they removed to Davis County, Iowa, and in 1853 located in Putnam County, Mo., where the father died in September, 1878. He was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church until 1861, when he united with the United Brethren Church, and continued to preach until his death. James H. came to Missouri with his father, and received a good education during his youth. In July, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, as musician. After serving in that regiment three years and four months he was discharged in November, 1864, at Chattanooga, Tenn. He accompanied Sherman to Atlanta, and carried a musket about one year. He was present at the engagement at Shiloh, the second battle at Corinth, Resaca, Dal- las, and in the rear of Atlanta, July 22, 1864, and several other fights and skirmishes. He received a shot across the top of his head, but did not leave the ranks. After his discharge he returned home, and was married in Schuyler County, in July, 1865, to Nancy B. Wright, daughter of Zachariah Wright. After his marriage Mr. Forbes located upon his present place, which now consists of 280 acres of land, 200 well improved, and upon which he has erected good buildings. He has three orchards of select fruit trees, and in connection with his farming has a black- smith shop upon his farm, as he is a blacksmith by trade, and has worked at same ever since the war. He has a family of eight children: Martha J. (wife of Zeph. Eahart), Alice (wife of Sam- uel Neighbors), James B., Minnie, Isabelle, Ida, Nora and Robert. Mr. Forbes is a member of the G. A. R. Post at Glen- wood, and in politics is a Republican. He is a public-spirited citizen, and has served two terms in succession as justice of the peace, and also as township clerk and assessor two terms. John N. Franklin, farmer and stock raiser, was born in High- land County, Ohio, April 21, 1829. His father, Maj. Anthony Franklin, was born in Amherst County, Va., July 17, 1778, and settled in Highland County, Ohio, in 1795. He was married in Kentucky to Mary Nelson, also a native of Virginia. He was a prominent citizen of Highland County, owning a large tract of land, and during his residence in Highland County of over sixty years served as sheriff and deputy surveyor. During the war 1060 BiOGEAtfllCAL APPENDIX. he was major of the militia of the county. He died in Brush Creek Township, April 21, 1859. Of a family of ten children born to him, all grew to maturity, although but three are now living: Martha E. (wife of James P. Kreech, who lives upon the old homestead), Nelson A. Franklin, who represented his county in the Legislature several years, and was also a State senator, and our subject. One brother, Cyrus, was also a member of the Legislature. John N. Franklin passed his youth and reached maturity upon the home farm in Highland County, during which time he received a good common-school education. March 25, 1852, he married Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of James Lucas, of Highland County. Mrs. Franklin was born and reared in Brook County, Va., and is the mother of six children: Caius C. (mar- ried, and in Cheyenne, Neb.), Mark A. (also married and in Nebraska), Nelson A. (attorney at Kirksville), Benjamin and Thomas S., who are teachers, and one son who died in infancy. In 1855 Mr. Franklin left his native county, and located in Put- nam County, Mo., buying 160 acres of Chariton River bottom land, where he has since resided. He has since added to his present purchase, and now owns over 800 acres of good land, half bottom land, most of his land being fenced, and a large por- tion devoted to meadows and pastures. He is a model farmer, a good business man, and a respected citizen. In politics he is Independent, and in creed a Methodist. Mrs. Franklin belongs to the Presbyterian Church. John Fullen, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of England, and was born in Lancashire, February 25, 1837. His father, John Fullen, and his mother, Ann (Taylor) Fullen, were born in Ireland and England, respectively. The family emigrated to the United States in 1842, proceeding directly to Massachusetts, where the father followed his trade of block printer for several years, as he was a calico and delaine printer by trade. He moved to California from New York in 1853, where he still resides. Our subject was reared and educated in Massachusetts and New York. In 1855 he went to California, via the Isthmus and San Francisco, and remained at that place engaged in mining until 1859. He then returned via Aspinwall, the Isthmus and New York, and after traveling some time in Massachusetts, Wis- consin, and down the Mississippi River, located, in the fall of 1859, in Putnam County, Mo. In January, 1860, he moved upon his present place, first purchasing 280 acres of land, which he has improved, and to which he has added until he now owns 597 acres, 470 fenced and consisting of meadow, plow and pasture land, upon which are built comfortable outbuildings, etc. Mr. Fullen was married in Putnam County, Mo., in March, 1882, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1061 to Mrs. Elizabeth Morgan, a native of Virginia, who was reared in Ohio. Six children were born to her first union. Mr. FuUen served in the State Militia during the late war. He has been a resident of Putnam County since first locating here, with the exception of the time taken in a trip to California in the spring of 1881. He is a successful farmer, a popular citizen and hon- ored gentlemen. Dr. E. J. Geisinger, of Unionville, vice-president of the Mar- shall National Bank, is one of the most popular and successful practicing physicians in Northeast Missouri, and was born in Medina County, Ohio, October 19, 1849. He is a son of John and Lydia (Overholt) Geisinger, residents of Putnam County, and born in Canada and Pennsylvania, respectively. They were married in Ohio, and our subject is the eighth child of the four sons and five daughters born to this union. Four of the daugh- ters are living, but all the sons save B. J. are deceased. The latter, at the age of five, accompanied his parents to Louisa County, Iowa, where he resided until 1868, and then came with his parents to Putnam County, Mo. He is a graduate of the Keokuk College of Physicians and Surgeons, and a post- graduate of the St. Louis (Mo.) Medical College. He began the practice of his profession at Newtown, Putnam County, in 1874, and remained there five years, then locating at Unionville, where he has since enjoyed a successful and lucrative practice. He also embarked in the drug business the year he located in Unionville, but abandoned it in April, 1887, being succeeded by W. C. Knight & Co. He was at one time a prominent member of the Grand River Medical Society, and is at present examining surgeon for pensions and numerous insurance companies, and has held the position of city health officer, a position he resigned. He owns a farm near Unionville, and takes great pride in fine stock, especially blooded horses, and the county is indebted to him for the introduction of some of the best stock in North Mis- souri. Among the horses owned by the Doctor, that are widely known, are the following: Ovid, foaled May 15, 1883 (No. 4015) ; sire — Caporel, by Sentinel, by Hambletonian ; dam — Mary, by Woodford, Mambrino, etc. This horse shows more standard ancestors than any horse of his age. Sea Foam, with a 2:25| pacing record, has also a fine pedigree, as has also Black Dia- mond, a Kentucky saddle stallion of the Denmark family. December 29, 1883, he married Annie Stanley, a native of Mer- cer County, Mo., by whom Virgil N. and Joe Stanley have been born. He is a member of the I. O. O. P. and Encampment. William T. Greene is a son of P. B. Greene who has been a resident of Putnan; County since 1865. P. B. Greene is the son 1062 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. of William Greene, who was born in 1802. William Greene married Miss Sophia Denton, and lived in Clark County, Ind., afterward, for twenty-nine years, during which time he became the father of eighteen children, iifteen by Miss Sophia Denton, one by his second wife. Miss Ellen Hoover, and two by his third wife, Mrs. Priscilla Lamasters, to whom he was married in 1843. The fifteen children by his first wife were as follows: Edward T., Lawrien, Philip B., Clement, William, Alexander, Mary, Jessie C. and Sarah (twins), Daniel and Indiana (twins), Harriet, Martha, Thomas and Christian; the one by his second wife was named Ellen, and the two by his third wife were Lucretia and Jeremiah H. William Greene was killed by a rail falling on his head while he was asleep. P. B. Greene was born in Clark County, Ind., October 20, 1825. At the age of eighteen he went to Jeffersonville, Ind., where he served six months as an appren- tice with Joshua Fipps, an ax and hatchet maker, after which he served six months with a country blacksmith named John Con- nor. At the age of twenty-one he was married to Miss Nancy J. Arnold, December 4, 1847. She was born in Ohio County, Ky., January 26, 1827. To them were born eleven children : Priscilla, William T., John, Nancy A., George W., Martha, Indiana, James, Mary, Hannah and Lucinda. Mr. Greene followed blacksmith- ing as a trade from the age of eighteen to the age of fifty, since which time he has followed farming. The Greene family had a reunion on the fortieth anniversary of P. B. Greene and wife. The number present was thirty-six married sons and daughters with their wives, husbands and children. William T. Greene, the subject of this Sketch, made the presentation speech on this occasion, the presents from children to parents consisting of an elegant silver service worth about $60. He had also collected considerable material for a history of Putnam County, but finally came to the conclusion that to complete the enterprise would be unprofitable, and so abandoned the undertaking. Mr. Greene was married July 20, 1879, to Miss Sarah Jane Davis, daughter of Ceburn J. Davis, who has resided in Putnam County since 1858. Mrs. Greene was born June 18, 1858. To them have been born two children, Stanley Greene, born June 14, 1880, and Ovid Greene, born July 31, 1885, and died August 25, 1886. John W. Haigler, farmer and stock raiser of Section 12, Jackson Township, was born in Randolph County, W. Va., Feb- ruary 27, 1821, and is a son of Jacob and Christina (Harper) Haigler, natives of Pendleton County, W. Va. Mr. Jacob Haig- ler served as a teamster in the War of 1812, and farming and stock raising were his occupations until his death, April 1, 1842. J. W. grew to maturity upon the farm in his native county, and PUTNAM COUNTY. 1063 was there married, in the spring of 1848, to Judith Wamsley, a native of Eandolph County, W. Va. To this marriage two chil- dren were born, one, who died in infancy, and Cletus, now in Kansas. Mrs. Haigler died in 1851, and after her death Mr. Haigler farmed in Eandolph County until the spring of 1855, when he went to Iowa and located in Henry County, where he had previously entered land. Here he married his present wife, October 1, 1857, Miss Sarah Johnston, of Harrison County, Ohio, daughter of Hugh Johnston. The ceremony was performed by Hon. Henry Clay Dean. Mrs. Haigler was born in Steuben- ville, Ohio, and reared in Harrison County. In 1859 he moved to Randolph County, Mo., two miles from the present site of Moberly, where he farmed until 1863. He then purchased some land where he now resides, which he proceeded to cultivate, and to which he has since added. He now has 680 acres of land in the home place in one tract, 500 devoted to meadow and plow land, and 200 acres of pasture land in Medicine Township. Six children have been born to his last marriage: Blihu (married), Stewart, Alice (wife of William J. Halley) and Henry. Two chil- dren have died, viz: Elizabeth C, who died during childhood, in Eandolph County, Mo. ; Virginia, who died when a child. Mr. Haigler is a Democrat, and has served his township as treasurer and trustee. He is a self-made man, and highly respected in the community. Dinwiddle Halley (deceased) was a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Lincoln Township, Putnam County, and was born in Clark County, Ky., in 1824. His parents, Henry and Polly (Patton) Halley, were pioneer settlers of Clark County, Ky. The father was a native of England, and, upon coming to the United States, first located in Kentucky. The svibject of this sketch left his native county, and moved to Macon County, Mo., but, about 1842, removed to Sullivan County, and in 1865 came to Putnam County, where he lived until his death, which occurred March 22, 1875. He began life for himself in but ordinary cir- cumstances, biit by energy, industry, good business management and economy, amassed a comfortable competency, and owned, at the time of his death, about 2,100 acres of land, the home place containing over 700 acres, upon which he lived, and was also the possessor of other tracts elsewhere in the county, and a valuable tract near Kirksville, Adair County. He was a liberal father, and started his children in life with generous gifts of land, etc. September 19, 1844, he married Miss Elizabeth Triplett, a native of Pike County, Mo., and daughter of James C. and Nancy (Lydick) Triplett, natives of Fauquier County, Va., and Ken- tucky, respectively. Both, however, were reared in Bourbon 1064 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. County, Ky., near Paris, but subsequently lived near Bowling Green, Ky. Mr. Triplett was a prominent citizen of Putnam County, and represented the same in the Legislature, besides filling various other political offices of honor and trust in differ- ent localities where he resided. To Mr. and Mrs. Hal ley eleven children were born: Nancy J. (deceased), Mary (deceased), James D., John A., George W. (deceased), Sarah B., William, J., Alonzo, Thomas, Adolphus (deceased) and Laura. Mr. Halley was a Democrat in politics, and, during the late war, served in the Missouri State Militia. He was a highly respected man and popular citizen in the community in which he lived and efficiently filled several official positions. In^ the year 1850 Mr. Halley went overland to California to dig for gold, and was successful to some extent. In the year 1863 he took another overland trip to Oregon, with a drove of horses and mules. Each trip occu- pied two years, his family remaining at home. His returns were from San Francisco to the Isthmus of Panama, thence to New York, and then home. John Hamlin, farmer and stock raiser, was born July 26, 1834, in Stark County, Ohio. He was the third of thirteen chil- dren born to Benjamin and Susanna (Snyder) Hamlin, natives of Virginia and Pennsylvania, respectively. The father was a suc- cessful farmer, which vocation he followed until his death, in the spring of 1858. His widow is living in Marshall County, Ind., aged eighty. John Hamlin moved to Marshall County, Ind., in the fall of 1S55, and ia the spring of 1857 came to Putnam County, where he has since resided. His youth was spent upon a farm, and at the age of twenty- two he began life for himself, and although he was poor at that time, has by energy and indus- try become a successful farmer and citizen. He owjis a finely improved farm of 486 acres, which is well-stocked and equipped for farming. October 12, 1856 he married Miss Drusilla Ann, daughter of David and Nancy (Wood) Jordan, natives of Vir- ginia. To this union were born fourteen children, viz.: one who died in infancy, David Benjamin (deceased), Nancy Susan (now Mrs. Elijah Porter), Elma Henrietta (now Mrs. James Harbert), Florence Cordelia (wife of George D. Smith), Jessie Lillian (deceased), Emerson Ellsworth, Weenty Almeda (deceased), Lloyd Upton, John DeLeon (deceased), Willard Clark, Mildred Ardella, Leola Althea and Annis Estelle Pearl. Mrs. Hamlin is a worthy and consistent member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Hamlin is a Republican in politics. March 4, 1862, he enlisted in Company I, Third Missouri Cavalry, but was transferred in a year to the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, being made corporal of his company. He was roustered out in St, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1065 Louis the day of President Lincoln's assassination. He is a well- to-do citizen, respected and esteemed by those who know him. Hon. James B. Harper was born in Champaign County, Ohio, August 16, 1833, and is a son of Samuel Harper, a native of Virginia. The father came to Champaign County, Ohio, with his parents, when an infant, and there grew to manhood, and mar- ried Charlotte Sargent, also a native of Virginia, and reared in that State. Samuel Harper was a prominent member of the Presbyterian Church, in which he officiated as deacon several years. Both he and his wife died in 1876. The subject of this sketch lived upon his father's farm until twenty-two years of age, receiving a good education at the common , schools of the neigh- borhood, which was supplemented at the Urbana High School. While living in Ohio he taught school about fifteen months, and, after coming to Missouri, taught from 1856 to 1864, nine terms in St. John. In the winter of 1879 he again taught in St. John, and also in 1876-78 taught in his own district. After coming to Missouri from Ohio, in 1856, he resided in St. John, Putnam County, until 1868. In August, 1862, he enlisted in the Thirty- third Missouri Volunteer Infantry, under Col. Clinton B. Fiske, serving until his discharge for disability in 1863, when he returned home. He was commissioned major of the Forty -fi.fth Regiment Enrolled Militia, and afterward colonel of the Thirty-ninth Regi- ment Enrolled Missouri Militia in 1864, and did some effective service for his State in the Enrolled Militia. While a resident of St. John, in connection with teaching he also engaged in car- pentering. He moved upon his present home place in 1868, which consists of 400 acres of valuable prairie land, all fenced and mostly meadow land. He has a good house and outbuild- ings and thirty-five acres of timber land in another tract. He is an active Republican, and, ever since he cast his first presiden- tial vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1860, has canvassed during every campaign for his party. He was nominated and elected representa- tive of his county in 1864, and re-elected in 1866 and 1868. In 1872 he was nominated again and elected, his opponent being Hon. H. D. Marshall, of Unionville, the representative of 1870, the contest being very close and exciting. In 1880 he was again nominated and elected, and in all has served his county in the Legislature five terms with honor and distinction. In 1886 he was nominated judge at large, and elected by a nice majority. In May, 1859, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah C. J. Caul, daughter of Thomas Caul, an old pioneer of Putnam County. Mrs. Harper is a native of Virginia, but spent most of her youth in Putnam County, Mo. She is the mother of four daughters: Charlotte S. (wife qt J, H, Crunn), Mary E. (young lady at home), «7 1066 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Sarah E. (deceased September 17, 1885, aged twenty years and three months) and Effie A. (twelve years old). The Judge, his wife and one daughter are members of the Presbyterian Church. Judge Harper is a member of the G. A. E., Mansfield Post, No. 181, at Wyreka, Putnam County, Mo. John S. Hart was born in Armstrong County, Penn., October 8, 1824, and is a son of Jacob and Dorothea (Dice) Hart, natives of Pennsylvania, where the father was born January 8, 1796. He was a farmer, and resided in Armstrong County until the latter part of his life, when he removed to Westmoreland County, where he died February 13, 1872. Of four sons and five daughters who were reared to maturity but four outlived the parents. J. S. was the eldest child, and grew to manhood in Armstrong County. He is a self educated man, most of his knowledge being acquired after he became of age. He taught school thirteen months in Armstrong and Allegheny Counties, and in October, 1849, went to Davis County, Iowa, where he entered and improved some land. He also taught school there several terms, and was married, August 14, 1863, to Miss Martha Jane Williams, daughter of T. S. and Ee- becca (Hale) Williams, natives of North Carolina and Tennessee, respectively. Mr. Hart moved to Missouri in April, 1856, and bought some land, slightly improved, in Putnam County upon his present place. He engaged in teaching for about nine terms during the fall and winter seasons, and carried on farming the remainder of the year. He now owns a nice farm of 289 acres, 1 40 being fenced and cultivated, and lives in a large two-story house. The stabling is good, and he has a nice orchard of about 400 select varieties of fruit trees. He enlisted February 3, 1862, in Company D, First Cavalry, Missouri State Militia, and served until discharged March 17, 1865. He was present at the fight in Marshall, Saline County, and at Castle Eock, and was in numerous skirmishes with Price on the Blue Eiver. He was raised from the position of second sergeant to that of first ser- ge&nfr. and is now adjutant of the G. A. E. post at Hartford. He is a Eepublican in politics, and has been connected with the school board for twenty-five years, and was elected public administrator in November, 1882, which office he is now filling. Mr. and Mrs. Hart have reared a family of five sons and four daughters, all of whom are living: Orlando O. (married and in Lawrence County, Dak.), Millard B. (married and a county teacher in Putnam County), Clara E. (wife of Frederick A. Pooles, of Los Angeles, Cal.), Julia, Sarah M. (wife of Levi Johnson of EoUins County, Kas.), Ulysses S., Emma E. (county teacher), Horace L., and Erastus W., who lives in Nebraska. Judge B. Frank Hart, a. f^rnjer and stock raiser of Section 36, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1067 Liberty Township, was born in Greene County, Penn., October 25, 1846, and is a son of John N. and Frances (Vance) Hart, natives of Pennsylvania and Kentucky, respectively, who were married in Pennsylvania. The father moved to Iowa in the spring of 1855, where he bought land, and improved a farm in Henry County, where he died in 1859. The mother died in August, 1856. The Judge is the only son of a family of three children that grew to maturity, and is a self-educated man, who attained his information after becoming of age. In the spring of 1864 he enlisted in the Forty-fifth Iowa Infantry, and served with his regiment near Memphis, Tenn., almost all the time until the latter part of 1864 when he was discharged. He then attended school at Howe's Acad- emy, Mount Pleasant, and in the spring of 1866 went to Council Bluffs, where he engaged in farming and stock raising two years. His education was obtained principally through his own efforts between the ages of sixteen and twenty. In the spring of 1868 he returned to Mount Pleasant, Iowa, and in October of the fol- lowing year came to Putnam County, Mo., where he bought a half interest in a saw-mill on Coon Creek and for one winter engaged in the manufacture of lumber. He sold out in March, 1870, and broke prairie land in Fremont County, Iowa, for one season. He returned to Putnam County in the fall of that year, and December 27, 1870, was married to Miss Arthelia, daughter of David Frederick, a native of Germany. The Judge then located where he now resides. In the spring of 1871 he again went to Fremont County, and broke prairie until June, when he returned home. He bought the farm in 1872, and has since added more land until he now owns 180 acres, about 100 being well cultivated and improved. He has a family of four children : David N. , Charles H., Pearl Vance and Eollin F. Mr. Hart is identified with the Eepublican party and was elected assessor of his township in 1873, serving two terms, and then served as township collector one term. In the spring of 1876 he was again elected assessor, and made one more assessment, after which he was appointed deputy county assessor and assessed two years. He was afterward elected county assessor. He took the census of Grant and Lib- erty Townships in 1880. He was then still again elected town- ship clerk and assessor, and filled that position with fidelity until 1884, at which time he resigned, and was elected county judge, serving two years in that capacity. He is an honored citizen of his township, and one of its well-to-do citizens. Both himself and wife are identified with the United Brethren Church. David M. Hatfield was born in Elm Township, Putnam Co., Mo., in 1842, and is the youngest son of five children of Andrew and Mary (Miller) Hatfield, natives of Kentucky and 1068 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. North Carolina, respectively. The father was born about 1800, and died in 1877. After his marriage he settled in Wayne County, Ky., from where he moved, in 1837, to Randolph County, Mo., and the same year to Adair County, where he located six miles south of Kirksville. In about 1840 he came to Patnam County, being one of the first settlers in that county, locating on Blackbird Creek, in the southeast part of the county, where he entered a tract of land, and engaged in farming. During early life, while in Kentucky, he was for some time engaged in distill- ing. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, and well liked in the com- munity. Mrs. Hatfield died about 1872. She was a member of the Baptist Church. Our subject was reared at home, and was obliged to walk three miles to the common school, where he received his education. In 1863 he crossed the plains with an ox and mule team, to the mountains of Nevada, where he remained six years, principally engaged in freighting. In 1869 he returned to his native county, and purchased the old home farm, where he has since lived. He is now the owner of 257 acres in Section 17, about twenty-five miles southeast of Union- ville. Upon his arrival in Nevada he had but 75 cents in money, but upon leaving that State had $1,861, and he is, consequently, a good example of a self-made man. Farming and stock raising have been his principal occupations. In 1871 he married Miss Cordelia, daughter of Oliver Houghton, and also a native of Elm Township. To this union ten children were born, eight now living: Joseph W., Wesley M., Mary Ann, Bertha A., David C, Clara A., James D. H. and an infant. In politics he is a conserv- ative Democrat, and his first presidential vote was cast for McClellan in 1864. James F. Hill, farmer and stock raiser of Section 28, Jack- son Township, was born in Pocahontas County, W. Va., Novem- ber 28, 1833, and is a son of George and Martha (Edmondson) Hill [see sketch of T. C. Hill]. J. F. grew to manhood upon the home farm, receiving a good education at the common schools, and at the Hillsboro Academy. Upon reaching man's estate he learned the wheelwright's trade, and also was engaged in manufacturing furniture. He was married in his native county January 18, 1859, to Harriet Jane Morrison, daughter of Elisha Morrison, also a native of Pocahontas County, and born in 1810. Mr. and Mrs. Hill have passed their entire lives to- gether, having attended the same schools, and having been play- mates and associates during their childhood and youth. To them eight children have been born: Luther H., Henry A., W. Mead, E. Thomas, Martha, Eena, James and Charles B. Mr. Hill worl^ed at cabinet-making about ten years, and in the spring of PUTNAM COUNTY. 1069 1870 came to Missouri, buying land, and locating in Putnam upon the place he now occupies. He owns 500 acres of land — 400 fenced, and 350 in meadow and pasture land. His house is one and a half stories, and the barns, etc., are in good condition. He has an orchard of over 200 trees, about 100 bearing fruit. He is interested in stock raising, and keeps on an average of 100 head of cattle per annum. Thomas C. Hill, farmer and stock raiser. Section 19, Jack- son Township, was born in Pocahontas County, W. Va., Octo- ber 1, 1835, and is a son of George and Martha (Edmondson) Hill, natives of the same county. His paternal grandfather, Richard Hill, was a soldier in the War of 1812. The father was born in 1807, and is still a resident of his native county. He was twice married, having lost his first wife in 1847. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in his native county, where he received a good education at the common and higher schools. After reaching his majority he learned the tanner's trade, at which he worked three years. October 24, 1861, he married Miss Mary, daughter of John Staats, of E-oane County, W. Va. Mrs. Hill was born in Indiana, and raised iu Virginia, where she was educated. To her marriage with Mr. Hill eight children have been botn: Margaret L. (wife of H. P. Bruce), George A. (teacher in Putnam County), Joseph S. (a young man), Henri- etta T., John P., Fred P., Minnie V. and Theodore P., three years old. Mr. Hill farmed for three years upon a farm in Mason County, W. Va., and in the fall of 1864 came to Missouri,- where he lived one year in Sullivan County. In February, 1865, he moved to Putnam County, purchased and settled upon the land he now owns. In 1865 he taught school for one term, but his main occupation is that of farming. He owns 112 acres of land, 100 fenced and finely improved. He lives in a comfortable house, surrounded by good outbuildings, and a fair orchard. In politics he is a Republican, and has held several township olfices, such as justice of the peace, which office he filled four years, and township clerk. Judge W. H. Holman was born in 1838, in Macon County, Mo. He moved to Adair County, Mo., about 1858, and to Put- nam County in 1862. He afterward went to Idaho City, and trav- eled quite extensively through Utah, Nebraska, Wyoming, Mon- tana and Colorado. He afterward located in Appanoose County, Iowa, in 1866, but in 1872 moved to Putnam County, where he has since made his home. He was reared upon a farm, receiving a good education during his youth, which he completed at the Kirksville Normal School. At the age of nineteen he engaged in teaching, and when twenty-two years old clerked in a dry goods 1070 BlOGBAPHlCAL APPENDIX. and clotliiiig store at Kirbsville. He was then interested in mer- chandising from 1872 to 1883, since which time he has farmed upon his present location. He is the owner of a one-half interest in a store at Hartford, bearing the firm name of S. P. Holman & Co. He is a self-made man, the farm upon which he resides giving good evidence of his energetiq nature and good management. The home place contains 346 acres of good land, splendidly improved and cultivated. In 1863 he married Miss Mary E. Cook, daughter of William J. and Frances (Watson) Cook, natives of Barren County, Ky., and Virginia, respectively. Mrs. Cook was reared in Alabama, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is now living, aged seventy- two. Mr. Cook was an early settler of Putnam County, Mo., where he lived from 1839 until his death in 1865. To Mr. and Mrs. Holman four children have been born: Fannie (deceased). Homer L., Jurney H. and Aubrey W. Mrs. Holman is a member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Mr. Holman is a genial and hospitable gentleman, and is identified with the Republican party. He was elected judge of the county court in November, 1886, has served as postmaster at Hartford about seven years, and is also a notary public. He was the second child of a family of six, born to John and Jerusha (Titus) Holman, natives of Kentucky, who accompanied their parents to Missouri. The father lived in several different counties in Missouri, and died in Appanoose, Iowa, in 1884, aged seventy-six. The mother died in Macon County, Mo., about 1849. After her death Mr. Holman married Mrs. Kir by, nee Ownby, by whom five children were born. The mother of our subject was a daughter of William and Mary (Payton) Titus. The grandparents of Mrs. Mary Holman were named George and Nancy (Howell) Cook. Mrs. Frances Cook was a daughter of William and Catherine (Rogers) Watson, natives of Virginia. Squire P. Holman, general merchant and postmaster of Hart- ford, was born in Macon County, Mo., in 1842, and is a son of John and Jerusha (Titus) Holman, natives of Kentucky, who, when young, came to Randolph County, Mo., where they were married. They then moved to Macon County, where the mother died about 1848. The father was twice married, and in 1864 removed to Iowa, where the mother died in 1884. Farming was his life-long occupation. The subject of this sketch was reared under the parental roof, during which time he received but a limited education as the nearest school-house was distant over three miles. In 1864 he crossed the plains to Idaho and Oregon, where he engaged in mining. In October, 1866, he went to Iowa, and engaged in farming eight years, when he came to Put- nam County, Mo. In August, 1871, he married Miss Catherine, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1071 daughter of William and Frances Cook, a native of Putnam County, Mo., by whom he has had five children, three of whom are living: Dora Belle, Casper and Maggie. In 1874 Mr. Hol- man came to Putnam County, and located and farmed in Lincoln Township until 1878, when he removed to Graysville, and farmed a year, after which he entered the mercantile business at that place. In 1883 he came to Hartford, where he has been engaged in general mercantile pursuits for a number of years with his brother, Judge W. H. Holman, under the firm name of S. P. Holman & Co. In 1881 Mr. Holman was made postmaster of Graysville, which office he held until he resigned, and in 1887 he was appointed postmaster of Hartford, which position he is now filling with efficiency. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley in 1872. He is a member of the A. H. T. A. George W. Houston, farmer and stock raiser. Section 22, Jackson Township, was born in Pike County, Mo., August 10, 1847, and is a son of Thomas G. and Melissa (Seely) Houston, natives of Kentucky. The family moved to Pike County, Mo., in an early day, and then moved to Jackson Township, Putnam Co., Mo., where the father died in October, 1872. He served in one of the Indian wars, and during the Rebellion was in service a short time, but, his health failing on account of age, his place was taken by George W. Houston. G. W. came to Putnam County with his parents, then being fifteen years old. Here he received a good common-school education and grew to manhood. He attended the university at Ashley, Pike Co., Mo., for about nine months, there completing his early education. In October, 1864, he enlisted in Company E, Forty-second Missouri Volun- teer Infantry, in lieu of his father, serving until discharged July 28, 1865. He entered as a private, but the last three months of his service were spent on detached duty as provost clerk. He was in the fight at Fort Donelson in the fall of 1864, and, although his regiment was in .no general engagements, it was held in reserve at Nashville. After his discharge he returned to Putnam County, and for a year assisted his father as much as his health permitted. In 1867 he began to teach, and continued engaged in that occupation for six years in Putnam and Sullivan Counties, mdst of the time being spent in Jackson Township, Put- nam County. He was married here April 8, 1869, to Miss Joseph- ine Williamson, daughter of Jefferson Williamson, of Putnam County, but formerly from Illinois, where Mrs. Houston was born, reared and educated. After his marriage he located on a farm in Putnam County, and in 1878 spent a year in Smith County, Kas. In 1880 he returned home, and located upon the farm where 1072 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. he now resides, which consist of eighty acres of well improved land. He is a Republican, and was' nominated and elected town- ship clerk in 1869. He has since been made assessor four times, and is now serving in that capacity. He has also served as jus- tice of the peace. He has a family of six children: Laura, Thomas J., George F., Fannie, William A. and Peter. He has passed all the chairs in the I. O. O. F. lodge, at Unionville, and himself and wife are members of the Christian Church. John Howry was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1839, and was the second of a family of thirteen children, born to David and Elizabeth (Kennedy) Howry, natives of the same State and county. The father served as postmaster of Ayersville, Md, many years, being the first postmaster appointed for the west end of the county. He was a son of John and Catharine Howry, natives of Germany, who were brought by their parents to the United States at the ages of four and eight, respectively, about 1790. Mrs. Elizabeth Howry, the mother of our subject, was a daughter of Robert Kennedy, a native of Ireland. He came to Putnam County, Mo., in 1849, and afterward became a resident of Sullivan County, where he died. During his lifetime he served for many years as justice of the peace. John Howry, the subject of this sketch, has received almost all of his education by his own efforts, being an acute observer and fond of reading. He began life for himself at the age of nineteen with no capital, but by energy and perseverance is now a successful man, and the owner of 400 acres in Putnam County, Mo. (whither he came in September, 1850), well equipped and stocked for agricultural ■pursuits. He also owns other tracts of land in the county. In 1857 he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Louderbaugh, daughter of Milton and Ann (Clark) Louderbaugh, natives of Switzerland County, Ind. Nine years ago Mr. and Mrs. Louder- baugh moved to Kansas, where they are now living. To Mr. and Mrs. Howry twelve children have been born : RoUey, Mary Ann, Elizabeth, Charles, Lillie Belle, David, Alexander, William, Mil- ton, Louisa, Mattie (deceased) and one child, who died in infancy. Both Mr. and Mrs. Howry are worthy members of the Protestant Methodist Church. Mr. Howry is Republican in his political views, and in 1861 enlisted in Company G, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, serving nine months as first lieutenant of his company. He then resigned his office and returned home, but in January, 1864, re-enlisted, serving until August, 1865, when he was mus- tered out at Atlanta, Ga. He is a member of the Blue Lodge in Masonry, and also belongs to the G. A. R. George W. Hudson was born in Monroe County, Mo., Novem- ber 16, 1834, and is a son of Obediah and Agnes (Kirby) Hud- tUTNAM COUNTY. 1073 son, natives of Alabama and Kentucky, respectively. When a young man, the father went to Macon County, Mo., and from Macon he moved to Monroe County. In 1846 he bought a claim, and moved to Putnam County, where his son now resides. The land was in its raw condition when he came to the county, having not even been surveyed, but he made a nice home out of it, upon which he resided until his death, May 18, 1867. He is said to have been the first school commissioner of the county, and during his younger days followed the tailor's trade. George W. was the third child born to his parents, and was reared upon the farm he now owns. He was married in Putnam County, November 24, 1857, to Miss Ann Hurley, daughter of William Hurley. Mrs. Hudson was born in Adair County, Mo., and is the mother of the following children: Lucinda (wife of Frank Wheatley, of Jefferson County, Neb.), Elizabeth J. (wife of Albert Cormeny, of Putnam County), Emeline (wife of Lafayette Kirby, of Nebraska), David (young man at home) and Melissa Magdaline, (aged seven, also at home). Mary Martha died aged five years, and Agnes, aged three years. After his marriage Mr. Hudson farmed for several years, although he is a brick mason by trade and engaged some in that business. In the fall of 1861 he moved to Otoe County, Neb., where he farmed and worked at his trade for five years. The severe climate being unsuited to Mrs. Hud- son's health, he returned in 1866, and in 1868 located upon his present farm, which consists of 160 acres — ^120 fenced and well improved, and forty acres of timber. He has a nice orchard of about 150 trees, and lives in a comfortable one-and-one-half- story house. Both himself and wife are identified with the Missionary Baptist Church. Judge Lester Husted was born in Holmes County, Ohio, October 24, 1835, and is the third of thirteen children, born to Oliver and Laura (Smith) Husted. The father was of German and English ancestry, and born in Pennsylvania, in 1808. When a young man he accompanied his father, Allen Husted, to Holmes County, Ohio, where he was married about 1830. In 1845 he removed to McDonough County, 111., and in 1866 located in Elm Township, Putnam County, where he died in 1884, at which time he was engaged in farming, which was his life occupation. The mother was born in Connecticut in 1813, and died in 1867, and was a member of the Baptist Church as was also her husband. Judge Lester Husted was reared under parental influence, and during his youth received a good com- mon-school and business education, and espoused the cause of religion. He is now a member of the United Brethren Church. In 1859 he married Miss Hannah, daughter of Stephen and 1074 BIOQEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Elizabeth Merrill, natives of Maine and Ohio, respectively. Mrs. Husted was born in Fulton County, 111., and has borne her husband seven children, six of whom are living: Stephen O., Lester P., William S., Ida J., Emma E., Laura Elizabeth (deceased) and Cora Ellen. Upon the demand of his country for troops, in 1861, Mr. Husted enlisted in Company L, Seventh Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, for three years, and served in the Sixteenth Army Corps, Army of Tennessee, and in Grierson's cavalry. In June, 1863, he was captured near Jackson, La., and taken to Richmond, Va., where he was paroled after about a month's captivity. He then went west to St. Louis, where he was soon alter exchanged, and rejoined his company. While in an engagement with Gen. Forrest, near Espianolia, Tenn., and in the fall of 1863, he was severely wounded in the right hand, which rendered him unfit for further service, and at the expira- tion of his enlistment he returned home. In 1866 he removed to Putnam County, Mo., and located in Elm Township, on Black- bird Creek, twenty miles southeast of Unionville, where he has a fine farm of 283 acres. His farm is one of the best in the town- ship, and is the accumulation of his own industry and good management. He is a Republican in politics, and in 1882 was elected county judge for the Eastern District, which position he filled with credit two years. He has also held various township offices, and is a man of fine business ability and good informa- tion. Five years of his life were spent in school teaching, and he is still interested in educational projects, as he is anxious that his children should receive a good education. His first presi- dential vote was cast for John C. Fremont in 1856. Fred Hyde, late prosecuting attorney, was born in Hartford County, Conn., July 25, 1832, and in infancy was taken to the State of New York by his parents, where he was reared. He took a three years' course at Oberlin College, Ohio, and in 1860 began the study of law at Cleveland. He moved to Minnesota in 1862, and was admitted to the supreme court the same year. He enlisted in the Minnesota Mounted Rangers as sergeant, and afterward enlisted in Brackett's battalion, serving until April, 1866, being in the Indian War in the west, throughout the entire war. In 1867 he was married to Ella R. Lane, a native of Centreville, Iowa, and then located at Unionville, Mo., and practiced his profession. In 1869 he was elected circuit attorney for a term of four years, and in 1872 was elected county attor- ney for a term of two years, and in the fall of 1886 was elected prosecuting attorney, which office he held at the time of his death, Septembei-'25, 1887. He owned a farm in Elm Town- ship, but resided in Unionville. Four sons and two daughters PUTNAM COtTNTt. 1075 were born to his union witli Miss Lane, all of whom are living. Jasper Hyde, the great-grandfather of our subject, was born in England, settled in Connecticut, and married a Scotch lady. John, his son, and the grandfather of Fred, lived and died in Connecticut. Fred Hyde, our subject's father, was born in Norwich, Conn., in 1800, and married Emily Lewis, a native of the same State, and born in 1797. The father died in Chenango County, N. Y., in 1852, and the mother in Cuyahoga County in 1867. Fred, the subject of this sketch, was the fifth of seven children born to them — four sons and three daughters — all of whom lived to maturity. One son, Ira, served in the same regi- ment as our subject. One brother and one sister have died. Ira B. has been a member of Congress one term. Michael James was born near Newark, Ohio, in 1835, and moved with his parents to Moultrie County, 111., in 1839. From there he moved to Clark Coanty, 111., in 1846, and in the spring of 1866 sought a new home in Putnam County, Mo., which has since been his residence. He began life upon his own respon- sibility when twenty-two years of age, with no capital, but by energy, industry and economy now owns a splendidly improved farm of 810 acres, well cultivated and improved, and upon which he resides. In 1858 he married Miss Mary E. Me Adams, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Ellet) McAdams, natives of Indi- ana and Kentucky, respectively. Mrs. Jane McAdams was a daughter of Charles and Betsey Ellet, natives of Kentucky. To Mr. and Mrs. James nine children have been born: William Harrison, Levi Siegel, Margaret (deceased), Ellen, Frank, John (deceased), Henderson (deceased), Charles, George and Fannie. Mr. and Mrs. James are worthy members of the Christian Church, in which they take an active part. In politics Mr. James was independent before the war, but since that period he has been indentified with the Republican party. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company B, Seventy-ninth Illinois Volunteer Infantry. At the battle of Stone River he was shot in the head, losing one eye, and since has lost the use of the other from the effects of the wound. He was discharged from Hospital No. 8, at Nash- ville, Tenn., in February, 1863. He is the second son of a fam- ily of seven children bom to John and Jane (Hazlett) James, pioneer settlers if not natives of Ohio. The father was a son of John and Barbara James, early settlers of Northern Ohio. Mrs. Jane James was a daughter of Samuel Hazlett, a native of Scot- land, who located in Ohio at an early day, and there passed his life. Dade Johnson, circuit clerk of Sutnam County, was born in Elm Township August 27, 1848, where he was reared upon a 1076 BlOQEAPHICAL APPENDIX. farm. At the age of sixteen he began to teach in the public schools of Putnam and Schuyler Counties, and continued to de- vote his time principally to that calling, especially during the winter months, until 1875. In 1865 he enlisted in the Federal army, serving in the Thirteenth Missouri Cavalry until the close of the war. In 1875 he embarked in the mercantile business at Hartford, Putnam County, in which he remained about eight months. In 1879 he was elected county treasurer by the Green- back party, and in the fall of 1886 was elected to his present office. At the time of his last election he was in the employ of the Mendota Coal Company. October 3, 1869, he married Mar- garet M. Hedrick, a native of this county, born October 24, 1850, by whom the following ' children have been born : Minnie Viola, born September 9, 1871; Ira D., born September 26, 1874; Edwin E., born June 6, 1877, and Daisy B., born November 22, 1882. Mr. Johnson now owns the old homestead of ninety-five acres in Elm Township, and forty additional acres. He is the tenth child of a family of eight sons and four daughters born to Jefferson and Nancy (Clemens) Johnson, natives of Clinton County, Ky., and Virginia, and born December 3, 1809, and November 21, 1810, respectively. The father died May 20, 1886, the mother in 1883. Jefferson Johnson and wife came to Missouri in 1 842, locating in Putnam County, where they soon entered land, and reared their family, all living to maturity, and but one now deceased. Seven of the sons served in the Federal service, five of them being in the regular army. Nine of the eleven surviving members of the family reside in Putnam County. Their names are as follows: Henry, Calvin, Elizabeth J., J. M., Daniel, Sarah A., Isaac N., Thomas B., Preston, Dade, Elijah A. and Susan Jane. James Dunn (deceased) was one of the few early settlers of Putnam County, to which he came in 1843. He was born in Kentucky in 1811, where he grew to manhood. When a young man he went to Clinton County, Ind., where he became acquainted with and married Miss Jane Smith, who was born in Ohio, May 11, 1813. Mr. Dunn moved from Indiana to Mis- souri about 1837, and the following year located in Putnam County, where he entered land, and improved a farm. Here he resided until 1850, at which time the gold excitement in Califor- nia was at its height, and he, with hundreds of others, left their peaceful homes in search of wealth. Mr. Dunn, with a company of others, fitted up a train of teams, and started overland for Cali- fornia. There he remained for several years, upon his return home finding many changes, which the hand of time had wrought; he then lived a retired life with his family, until his death, which PUTNAM COUNTY. ' 1077 occurred April 29, 1887. Mr. Dunn had a family of six children, all of whom grew to maturity. Mrs. Jones, the daughter, now residing upon the old homestead, was born in Putnam County, where she passed her childhood and youth, receiving a good edu- cation at the common schools of the neighborhood. November 18, 1867, she married Mr. M. Smith, an enterprising young man of Putnam County, formerly of Illinois. After their mar- riage Mr. Smith farmed in Putnam County for several years. In 1875 he moved to Iowa, and in September of 1879, while at work on a railroad, was accidentally killed. To this union threS children were born, two of whom died in infancy; the other, Mary Edna, born January 23, 1871, is now living with her mother. In June, 1880, Mrs. Smith moved to Burlington, Iowa, where she met William G. Jones, to whom she was united in marriage, April 18, 1882. Mr. Jones was born in 1845, inWales, where he reached man's-estate, and became an expert mechanic. He has been in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Rail- road, and at present has charge of that company's shops at Creston, Iowa, which position he has efficiently filled for the past two years. Mrs. Jones, however, has returned to the farm, where she is caring for her parents during their declining years. She is a lady of good business ability, and, with the assistance of laborers manages the farm, very successfully. William B. Jones, farmer, stock raiser and carpenter, was born in Christian County, Ky., in 1821, and moved to Cooper County, Mo., with his -parents, Henry and Nancy (Flint) Jones, in 1835, where the latter died. He was the eldest of a family of five children born to them, and they were natives of Kentucky and Virginia, respectively, and of English-Irish descent. The father was a son of Samuel and Wilmotte (Lewis) Jones, natives of Virginia, who afterward moved to Kentucky, where they died. Mrs. Nancy Jones was a daughter of William Flint, a native of Virginia. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a soldier in the War of the Eevolution. William B. Jones, our immediate subject, moved to Putnam County, Mo., in 1854, and until that time was exclusively engaged at the carpenter's trade, which he had learned when sixteen years of age. He began life for him- self a poor boy at the age of eighteen, owning nothing but a slave, who received his freedom after the late war. He, however, possessed energy, and was a good manager, and so has become a well-to-do farmer and stock raiser, in which business he has been engaged since 1854, and is the owner of 600 acres of land, nicely improved and cultivated. In 1841 he married Miss Dim- aretta Ogle, a native of Kentucky, and daughter of David and Nancy (Smith) Ogle, also qf tha,t State. This union has been 1078 • BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. blessed with the following children: Thomas H., Nancy A. (deceased), James N., George H., Samantha (deceased), and Samira W. (twins). Mr. Jones was formerly an Old-line Whig, but since the extinction of that party has Toted the Democratic ticket. G. W. Jordan, sheriff of Putnam County, Mo., was born in Davis County, Iowa, February 19, 1854, and reared in Appanoose County, Iowa, and graduated from the Moulton Normal School. He taught school a few years, and then moved to Putnam County in the spring of 1881, and engaged in the clothing trade at Unionville four years with Jordan PuUian, afterward conducting the business alone two years. He was elected to his present office in November, 1886. He is now engaged in dealing in fine stock, and makes Clydesdale stock a specialty. He bought the first imported horse ever brought to Putnam County in the spring of 1884. In 1882 he was married to Mamie Lockman, a native of Drakeville, Iowa, and a granddaughter of Col. Drake, of Centerville. The grandfather of our subject, Aquilla Jordan, was of English parentage, born in Bedford County, Va., where he was married, and finally died in Indiana. The father of G. W. — Samuel — was born in Bedford County, Va., in 1818, and married in Indiana, to Juretta Bunten, a native of Hendricks County, Ind. They moved to Iowa in an early day, and the father is now living at Moulton, the mother having died in Iowa, in 1860. Samuel Jordan represented Appanoose County two terms in the Legislature; he is a minister in the Christian Church. Of the three sons and four daughters, all of whom are living, born to this union of Samuel Jordan and Juretta, our subject is the fourth child and the only resident of Missouri. He is a member of the I. O. O. P. William Kelley was born in Barren County, Ky., May 20, 1828, and is a son of Daniel and Rachel (Harris) Kelley, natives of Virginia. The father moved with his father, Giles Kelley, to Kentucky in an early day, and was there married. He after- ward moved to Indiana, living a short time in Lawrence County, and then removing to Orange County, where he farmed until about 1850, then going to Clark County, Ind., where he died in July, 1858. His wife's death occurred August 8, 1857. Of a family of ten, six sons and three daughters were living at last accounts. William Kelley is the eldest child, and he and his brother, John, are the only two children living in Putnam County. William Kelley arrived at his majority in Orange County, and in 1858 went to Clark County, where he engaged in coopering, h aving learned the trade during his youth. February 10, 1848, he wE|.s married in Orange County to Elizia Jane, daughtej^ PUTNAM COUNTY. 1079 of Thaddeus Newgent, and a native of Orange County, Ind. In 1856 he moved west to Iowa, and located in Van Buren County in November of that year. In the spring of 1857 he went to Scotland County, Mo., where his time until 1865 was spent in the manufacture of wagons, milling and farming. In March, 1865, he located upon his present place which was but slightly improved, and for three years followed his trade. He now owns 100 acres of land, eighty-five being well improved, and upon which are comfortable buildings and a good orchard. During the war Mr. Kelley enlisted in the Home Guards, in 1861, and afterward served in the Missouri State Militia, Twenty-ninth Mounted Infantry, under Col. Purmott. He is a Eepublican, and was elected county clerk in 1874, and filled that position efficiently for three terms. In 1885 he was elected township clerk and assessor, and in the spring of 1887 re-elected to the same position, the duties of which he is now discharging. Mr. Kelley lost his first wife in the winter of 1871. She was the mother of the following children: Daniel, married and in Put- nam County; Thaddeus, married and in Clark County, Iowa; Rachel, wife of Benjamin Bennett, of same county ; Martha, wife of N. B. Abbott, of Putnam County, Mo. ; John, a resident of this county, and Watson, who died in June, 1887, having just passed his twenty-seventh birthday. In the latter part of 1871 Mr. Kelley was united in marriage to Anna Keeley, a native of Ireland, and a widow. Two daughters were born to her former marriage, both of whom are deceased. Her first husband, Joseph Keeley, was an early settler of Liberty Township, where he first entered eighty acres of land upon a land warrant received from the Government by his father for his services in the Revo- lutionary War. He afterward exchanged the property for a place in Appanoose County, Iowa, where he died. Mr. William Kelley has always been interested in educational and religious projects, and organized the first Sunday-school of Putnam County, after the war, in what is known as Petty's school-house. He received a premium from the Sunday-school Union, a $24.00 library and six Bibles. William B. Kerby, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Adair County, Mo., September 11, 1839, and is a son of A. C. Kerby, who was born in Warren County, Ky., in 1801, and Elvira (Blew) Kerby, also a native of that county and State. The family moved to Missouri about 1827, locating first in Randolph County, where they resided h few years and then moved to Macon County. In 1842 they moved to Liberty Town- ship, Putnam County, where the father entered and improved Und, In 1872 he sqI4 out and njoyed to Carroll County, but six 1050 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. months later removed to Lawrence County, where he died in 1875. His family of four sons and six daughters all grew to maturity, the sons and two daughters still living. Mr. William Kerby is the only one who resides in Patnam County. He grew to manhood upon the farm in Liberty Township, Mo., and was married in Grant Township, upon the farm where he now lives, on April 3, 1862, to Miss Mary M. Ehoades, daughter of Jacob and Jane (Terrel) Rhoades, who came to Putnam County from Pennsylvania. Mrs. Kerby was born in Van Buren County, Iowa, and reared in Putnam County. After his marriage Mr. Kerby managed the Rhoades farm until 1873, when he moved to Carroll County. In 1875 he returned to the old place, in Putnam County. He now owns 160 acres of land, 185 fenced and well cultivated. After twenty-five years of wedded life Mr. Kerby lost his faithful and devoted wife, September 2, 18 87 To them eight children wer(e born: Elmas (a county teacher), Florence and Joanna; five died in infancy. Mrs. Kerby was a member of the Baptist Church, to which Mr. Kerby is united. He is a Republican in politics. W. Ketcham, president of the Mendota Coal and Mining Company, was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., in 1846, and is the eighth of a family of eleven children born to Jesse and Eliza (Churchill) Ketcham, natives of New York, and of English de- scent. His grandfather, Timothy Ketcham, was a man of iron constitution, born in New York, and lived until ninety-nine years of age, his death resulting purely from age, as he was never ill a day during his long life. He was a soldier in the Revolution- ary War. W. Ketcham, the subject of this sketch, started out to fight his own way in the world when a boy. Although he pos- sessed no money, he was endowed with good business ability, and by good management has become a successful and prominent business man in Putnam County. He moved to Mount Pleasant Iowa, in 1856, and, until of age, engaged in the lumber business. He then located in Mendota, and since 1882 has been the presi- dent of the above mentioned company. The present stock com- pany was organized in 1880, with W. Beckwith as president, and Mr. J. A. Kebler as superintendent. In 1880 the capacity was five cars per day, but the business now requires sixty cars a day, and finds employment for 600 men. The company owns its own tenant houses, 200 in number, besides land in and near Men- dota, and two general stores in Mendota, the stock of goods in these being valued at $10,000. They also own a store one mile east of Mendota, of which Mr. J. A. Barton is the manager. The Mendota store is conducted by Mr. Brenboltz;. The capital stocl^ qf the coal company is |100,000, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1081 "W. 0. Knight, the druggist engaged in business on the west side of the square of Unionville, is a native of Callaway County, Mo., and was born in 1857. He was reared on a farm near Fulton, Mo., and was educated at Westminster College. When about twenty-one years of age he, with his father, opened a large hotel in Fulton, which was successfully conducted for one year, after which he embarked in the drug business at Guthrie, Mo., remain- ing there about two years. He then moved to Springfield, Mo., where he was engaged in business until the fall of 1883, then moved to Sedalia, where he spent one year, and, in December, 1884, came to Unionville and accepted a clerkship with Dr. E. J. Geisinger, in the drug business, which position he held until June, 1887, and whom he succeeded at that time. In Fiebruary, 1880, he was married to Miss Susie Snell, also a native of Calla- way County, by whom one child — Merle — has been born. The Knight family originally came from England, and settled in America during the early history of this country. James P. Knight, the father of our subject, was born in Fleming County, Ky., in 1818, and in early childhood immigrated to Missouri, locating in Callaway County, where he married Miss Trinvilla Crooks in 1842, also a native of Kentucky. He resided in Cal- laway County for fifty-nine years, and then moved to Pettis County, Mo., where he died May 12, 1886. * The mother was born in 1825, and died in Callaway County March 10, 1879. Three of a family of nine children were reared to maturity — a son and daughter now residing in Pettis County, and the subject of this sketch. The maternal great-great-grandfather came from Ireland, and the great-grandfather was a native of Kentucky. The grand- father, John Crooks, immigrated to Missouri from Kentucky in an early day, and located in Callaway County, where he died. Mr. Knight, our subject, is one of the prominent merchants of Union- ville, carrying a large stock of drugs, patent medicines, books, stationery, paints, oils, etc., and employs one clerk. His business, already good, is steadily on the increase, as his honest business principles commend him to all. W. H. Korns, editor of the Unionville Democrat, is a native of Illinois, and was born near Earitan April 7, 1862, and at the age of two years was taken by his parents to Tama County, Iowa, and two years later to Putnam County, Mo., his parents locating in Jackson Township. Two years later they moved to West Liberty, Putnam County, and there resided a few years, remov- ing then to Eichland Township. The father was a miller, at which occupation he was engaged at the above-named places. After living a few months in Macon County they returned to Putnam County, ai^cj }ocE\.tad in Unionville, where they haye 1082 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. ever since resided, with the exception of three years spent in Adair County. In the winter of 1878-74 our subject began to work in the Republican office, where he remained about two years. He then attended school one year, and afterward accepted a position in a mercantile store of Unionville for two years. He went to Holt County in 1878, and accepted a position in a drug store, where he remained six months, and then returned and en- gaged in the railroad tie trade, with his father, in Adair County, for three years. He then returned to Unionville, and worked in the Republican office for nine months. June 26, 1884, he was married to Roberta Stalcup, and soon after went to Iowa, to accept the foremanship in a printing office at Eockwell City. After three years he returned to Unionville, and, April 1, 1887, took charge of the Unionville Democrat His father, Solomon, was born in Pennsylvania, and was there married to the mother of our subject — Mary Fink. To them eleven children — three sons and eight daughters — were born, two sons and six daughters still living. During the winter of 1880-81 Mr. Korns was engaged in the grocery arid drug business in Boynton, Sullivan County. He is a member of the firm of Crawford & Korns. L. C. Lane, farmer, merchant and postmaster at Graysville, was born in Eandolph County, Mo., in 1850, and is a son of Dr. A. W. and Frances Lane, natives of Albemarle County, Va., where they were reared and married. They went to Eandolph County, Mo., during the early history of that county, and were residents of the same until 1856, when they moved to Putnam County, and located in Martinstown, where they passed the remainder of their lives. After coming to Missouri Mr. Lane began the study of medicine, which he afterward practiced with good success. He had previously been a farmer and merchant. His death occurred in 1878. Mrs. Lane died about the com- mencement of the late war, and was a worthy member of the Christian Church. L. C. Lane passed his boyhood and youth at home, during which time he received a common-school educa- tion. He was married in 1868 to Miss Mary, daughter of Ail and Eebecca Hatfield, and a native of Elm Township. To this union eight children have been born, of whom five are liv- ing: Ail W., Winfred Z., Martin Henry, Neal Martin and Narcissa J. He at first made his home in Martinstown, and engaged in merchandising until 1881, when he removed to Grays- ville, where he has a farm of 130 acres, under a good state of culti- vation, and all the result of industry and good management. In 1887 he erected a store building upon his farm, in which he con- ducts a general store. He .was appoiated postmaster in March, 1887, and has been township treasurer about six years. He is PUTNAM COUNTY. 1083 a public-spirited man, and always interested in the general wel- fare of the county and its educational projects. He is a Repub- lican, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant in 1872. Himself and wife are members of the United Brethren Church. Robert F. Little, an attorney and prominent citizen of Union- ville, was born March 27, 1845, at Farmington, 111., and is of the eighth generation, descended from one George Little, who came from Unicorn Street, near London Bridge, England, to America, locating at Newbury, Mass., about 1640. This ances- tor became a large land owner, and, although a tailor by trade, like most pioneers devoted the principal part of his life to agri- culture. His death occurred at Newbury about 1673, and a great many of his descendants can be found in the vicinity of Newbury. The ancestral chain from our subject to the pioneer is traced through the father, George Washington, Nathaniel, Nathaniel, Samuel, Tristram, Moses and George. The father of our subject was born August 12, 1818, and married, October 2, 1834, to Louisa L. Lord, of Lyman, Me., Robert P. being the sixth of a family of seven children resulting from this union, viz. : Louisa Jane, Frances Helen, Belinda Tarleton, Alfred Herman, Carrie Alice, Robert Franklin and Nathaniel. Robert F. was reared at Farmington, 111., and in 1862 was mustered in Company C, One Hundred and Third Illinois Infantry, serving until the close of the war, after which he attended the Eastern National Business College, Chicago, and then for several months taught pennmanship in Iowa and Missouri. He located in Union- ville in 1866, and then served as deputy county and circuit clerk until 1874, when he was elected circuit clerk, which position he filled with great efficiency for four years. He was also journal clerk in the House of Representatives in the Twenty-fifth General Assembly of 1869 and 1870, and minute clerk of the Senate in the Twenty-sixth General Assembly. He also served as mayor of Unionville in 1871 and 1872. From 1879 until 1885 he was assistant postmaster, and had charge of the post-office. While filling the office of deputy clerk he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869, but did not begin to practice until 1886. October 14, 1868, he married Mary 0. Browning, a native of Oak- land, Md., by whom the following children have been born: Louisa B., Fannie R., Maria E., Laura H. (deceased), James T., John G. and Edna E. Mrs. Little's parents, John W. and Catherine (Root) Browning, are natives of Maryland, and have resided in Unionville since 1867. Mr. and Mrs. Little are mem- bers of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Little belongs to the L 0. 0. P., the A. O. U. W., and the Masonic fraternity. Joseph Longhead was born in Front Royal, Warren Co., 1084 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Va., March. 2, 1831. His father, Thomas Loughead, was born in Newcastle County, Del., April 8, 1799, and accompanied Ms parents to Maryland when fourteen years old, where he grew to manhood, and was married, at Front Royal, Va., to Eebecca Ann Conrad, a native of Virginia. The family moved from Virginia to Vigo County, Ind., in 1835, where the father entered and improved land and raised his family. He was a physician, and practiced his profession to some extent, but his chief occupation was that of farming. He died July 23, 1875. Joseph Loughead lived in Indiana until twenty-two years of age, receiving a good common-school education, which he afterward improved by study, becoming especially proficient in mathematics. He came to Mis- souri in 1853 from his home, alone and afoot, as far as St. Louis. He then took a boat to Brunswick, from which place he walked to Putnam County, arriving in same on May 5. After look- ing through the county, and Southeastern Iowa, he returned home afoot, and in the fall of 1853 himself and father entered 1,300 acres of land located in Sherman and Union Townships, Putnam Co., Mo., but did not settle here until 1857. He made yearly trips from Indiana to Missouri, generally on foot, and in the winter of 1854 taught school in Wayne County, Iowa, draw- ing the first money ever drawn from the county treasury toz edu- cational purposes. He was married, near Kiddville, Sullivan Co., Mo., April 19, 1857, to Susan Hunsaker, daughter of Matthew Hunsaker, formerly from Kentucky. Mrs. Loughead was born in Edgar County, 111., June 17, 1837, and died February 3, 1878;- she was the mother of seven children: Lemuel, Elizabeth C. (wife of John L. Scifers), Isaac N., Rebecca A. (wife of Elbert W. Thompson), Matthew H., Jennie and Mary L. After his mar- riage Mr. Loughead settled upon the land where he now resides, his being the first deed for land ever entered on the record of deeds in a bound book in the county, being about 1855; he began life in a primitive manner, and when he left Indiana, in 1853, had a capital of $23.40 of his own, and walked 1,100 miles that spring in looking at the west. He settled, in 1857, in a log cabin, making his own furniture, etc., and having no dishes or cooking utensils, excepting a pot and skillet, and they were bor- rowed. He has improved 1,400 acres of land, of which he owns 643 acres, the remainder for brothers and sisters, consisting mostly of pasture and meadow. He lives in a comfortable house surrounded with good outbuildings. He taught the second school taught in his district in 1860-61, having seventy-six pupils, and he cut the logs for the first school-house in the district in the fall of 1854. In politics he is a Republican, and in 1857, served as township assessor. He takes great interest in educational fUTNAM COUNTX. 1085 matters, and has been a member of the school board a number of years. In 1878 he was appointed notary public, and has served ever since. His married daughters are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Alexander C. Lowe, a farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Ohio, born in 1820, and is a son of Alexander and Magda- lena (Oourtwright) Lowe. The father was born in Maryland, where he was reared and married to Nancy Brewington. He afterward moved to Kentucky and then to Ohio, where he was married a second time. In about 1822 he removed to Dearborn County, Ind. He died at Springtown, Ky., while on a visit, at the age of eighty-four. He was a carpenter by trade. The mother of our subject was born in Canada, and died about 1832. Alexander C. remained at home until fifteen years of age, receiv- ing no educational advantages, and has never attended school in his life. He began life for himself as a boatman on the river, and remained thus engaged for several years. In 1840 he mar- ried Miss Mary, daughter of Thomas and Hannah Evans, of Indi- ana. This union has been blessed with eleven children, four of whom are living: Thomas (of Texas), Alonzo, Rispie B. (wife of William Abbott, of Terre Haute) and Henry C. In 1865 Mr. Lowe came to Putnam County, Mo., and located in Elm Town- ship at Graysville, where he has a nice farm of 194 acres of land well improved and cultivated, which is the result of his unassisted toil and good management. His principal occupation has been that of farming, although he has worked a little at the carpenter's trade. He was once elected township trustee, but declined to serve. He was formerly a Democrat in politics, and cast his first presidential vote for Polk, but since the war has been a Republican, and for many years he has been a member of the Masonic fraternity. Himself and wife are prominent mem- bers of the Baptist Church. A. H. Lowry was born January 22, 1844, in Jennings County, Ind., and is the third of a family of seven children born to John and Mary Emily (Bruning) Lowry, natives of Jennings County, Ind., and Grermany, respectively; The mother was brought to Jennings County, Ind., when but seventeen years old, with her cousin. The father was a son of Robert and Mary (Robertson) Lowry, natives of Ireland and Indiana, respectively. Robert came to the United States from Northern Ireland, when a boy, in company with his parents, James and Catherine Lowry, and was a soldier in the early Indian wars and the War of 1812. Mrs. Mary Lowry was a daughter of Nathaniel and Anna (Leach) Robertson, natives, it is thought, of Pennsylvania. The subject of this sketch, A. H. Lowry, moved to Iowa in the fall of 1855, 1086 BlOGKAPHICAt AttENDtX. and in March of 1857 came to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. He received almost his entire education at the common schools of this county, and since boyhood has fol- lowed agricultural pursuits. He was poor at the age of twenty, ^ when he began life upon his own account, but now owns a splen- didly improved farm of 480 acres in Putnam County, and also land in Sullivan County. December 31, 1863, he married Miss Mary J. Hickman, who was born in Hancock County, Ind., and when a year old was taken by her parents to Cole County, 111., where she was reared. Her parents, David and Elizabeth (Lane) Hickman, were natives of Sullivan County, Tenn., and after their marriage moved to Indiana. The father died July 17, 1877, at the age of seventy-three, but the mother is living with Mrs. Lowry at the advanced age of eighty-three. To Mr. and Mrs. Lowry twelve children have been born: John, David, Albert E., Francis S., Mary E., Nora E., James B., Lottie A., William I., Harriet B., Alexander H. and Charles A. Mr. Lowry is a Demo- crat in politics, and as such has served his township very effi- ciently in different official capacities. He is a well-to-do farmer and respected citizen. John E. McCoy was born in Coshocton County, Ohio, in 1847, and is a son of James R. and Hannah (West) McCoy, also natives of Ohio, and born in 1819 and 1826, respectively. They were married in' 1845, and settled in Coshocton County, where they remained until 1859, then removing to Scotland County, Mo. In 1865 they located near Omaha, Mo., and afterward came to Rich- land Township, where the father died in 1874, and where the mother still lives. Mr. McCoy was of Scotch-Irish ancestry, and a son of John McCoy. He was a soldier in Company K, Second Regiment Missouri State Militia, and served until dis- charged on account of disability in the winter of 1862-63. Both parents were members of the United Brethren Church. John E. was reared under the parental roof, and received but a meager education on account of the few opportunities afforded in that line during the pioneer days of Missouri. In February, 1869, he married Miss Frances, daughter of John and Elizabeth Henry, formerly of Tennessee. Mrs. McCoy was born in Richland Township, and is the mother of eleven children, nine of whom are living: Cora D., Jessie B., Viva B., Verre Otto, Lorlain, Alva, Flora, Chloe and Hattie Louisa. After his marriage Mr. McCoy lived a year with his mother-in-law, and then with his parents, his principal occupation, in the meantime, being that of farming. He started out in life for himself with no property, but bypatient and unassisted toil, united with energy and good business man- agement, has become a successful and well-to-do farmer, owning PUTNAM COUNTY. 1087 388 acres of productive land, under a good state of cultivation. He lives in a good house, and his outbuildings are of a substan- tial and comfortable character, all built upon the home place, which is situated eight miles east of Unionville. Mr. and Mrs. McCoy are members of the Free United Brethren Church. Mr. McCoy is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Grant in 1868. J. C. McKinley, member of the firm of Christy & McKinley, attorneys at law, was born November 20, 1859, in Lincoln Town- ship, Putnam Co., Mo., and graduated in the college of law at the State University, at Columbia, Mo., March 25, 1886. He opened an office in Unionville the following April, and began the practice of his profession alone, but in June, of the same year, formed a partnership with Mr. Christy, of which firm he has since been a member. He is the second of ten children, of whom six sons and two daughters are still living. The parents still reside upon the old homestead in Putnam County. The paternal grandfather, James, was born in America, and was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Our subject is a prominent lawyer, and one of the public-spirited and energetic business men of the town. Pliny M. Mannon, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Mer- cer County, 111., May 10, 1849. His father, John H. Mannon, was born in Wayne County, Ind., November 5, 1811, where he grew to manhood. He was married in Hancock County to Ahin- oam Hill in 1830, and in 1836 moved from Indiana and settled near New Boston, Mercer County, and engaged in farming, although he was a mechanic and carpenter by trade. In 1855 he moved to Missouri, and settled in Putnam County, near the north and east line of the county. Here he resided twelve years, engaged to some extent in carpentering, and then removed to Louisa County, Iowa. Thirteen years later he returned to Put- nam County (in 1879), where he died shortly after. Pliny M. Mannon accompanied his father to Louisa County when seven- teen years of age, where he reached man's estate. In 1872 he went to California, and for one summer ran a threshing machine; the journey was made both ways over the Central Pacific Road. The next season was spent in Louisa County, and the summer of 1874 in Saline County, Kas. In the fall of that year he returned to Putnam County. September 3, 1874, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma Petty, daughter of J. J. Petty [see sketch]. Mrs. Mannon was born in Putnam County, and is the mother of two children: Guy B. and Hugh D. After his marriage Mr. Mannon moved in the neighborhood where he now resides. In the spring of 1876 he began to cultivate raw land, 1088 BIOGEAtfllCAli AtPENDlX. and now has 207 acres of land, nearly all fenced, and about 100 of whicli are in meadow and plow land. His house is one and one- half stories high, and he has three good barns besides sheds and cribs. He has five wells upon the place, which is well equipped in every way for farming. Mr. Mannon is clerk of the school board. Judge Neal Martin, senior member of the firm of Neal Mar- tin & Co., general merchants at Martinstown, is a native of Ran- dolph County, Mb., and was born in 1826. He is the sixth of nine children born to Henry and Mary (Murphy) Martin, natives of North Carolina and Kentucky, respectively. The father, when about eighteen, went to Kentucky, where he was first married, and about 1820 moved to Eandolph County, Mo., where he died in 1853. He was a farmer by occupation, and served many years as justice of the peace. His first wife died in 1837, and he after- ward married Mary Thompson. Neal Martin was reared at home and educated at the rustic log school-house of the forest. He was united in marriage in 1855 to Miss Pamelia, daughter of Dr. A. W. and Frances Lane, formerly of Virginia. Mrs. Martin was born in Eandolph County in 1838, and died in 1874, leaving a family of four sons and one daughter: Noah, John Wesley and Thomas Presley (twins), Hugh Marshall, and Mary F. (the eld- est child, and the wife of C. C. Brown). In 1874 Mr. Martin mar- ried Mrs. Narcissa J. Sorell, who was born in 1836, and is a sis- ter of his first wife. In 1855 he went to Milan, and the next year located in Elm Township, Putnam County, seventeen miles southeast of Unionville, where he purchased several acres of land, and established the town of Martinstown. Here he has since engaged in the mercantile business with the exception of six months, in the year 1862, when he was appointed county treas- urer, and discharged the duties of that office. In 1868 he was elected county judge of the Eastern District, and served as such four years with credit. He was township clerk three years, notary public eight years, and was the first postmaster of Mar- tinstown, to which position he was appointed in 1857, and served until 1862. In 1876 he was again appointed to the office, and has held same ever since. He is one of the enterprising and act- ive business men of the county, and is a director of the Marshall National Bank at Unionville. He is a man of undoubted integ- rity, who has a host of admiring friends, and a hearty promoter of all laudable public enterprises. In politics he was reared a Whig, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Taylor, but since the war has been a conservative Republican. He is a mem- ber of the United Brethren Church as was his wife, and also a life member of the Home and Foreign Missionary Society. Ptfl^NAM COTjNl'i. 1089 Joseph U. Martin was born in Seneca County, Ohio, April 27, 1835, and is the son of Daniel and Mary (Snyder) Martin, natives of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and born May 28, 1804, and August 8, 1803, respectively. The family moved to Ohio when Indians inhabited the country, and in 1826 settled in the Seneca reserve, where the father entered and improved land, and resided until 1837. He then moved to Cass County, Ind., and in 1845 to Howard County, Ind., settling in the midst of Miami Indians. Here he improved a farm and resided until 1853, when he sold his property, and moved to Missouri, where he made his home with his son until his death. At that time he had been postmaster of Livonia for seven years. Joseph U. moved to In- diana with his father in 1853, settling in Putnam County, Mo., where he bought and improved land. He is now the owner of 307 acres of meadow and plow land, and is one of the successful and leading farmers of his part of the county. While in Howard County, Ind., he was married, in May, 1853, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander and Elizabeth Garringer, formerly of Ohio. Mrs. Martin was a native of Indiana, and Mr. Martin is the father of eleven children: Francis M. (married, and on the home place), Melinda E. (wife of W. H. Huston, of Illinois), William A. (of Nebraska), Idella (wife of Williani Minks), Ulysses S., Elmer E., Nelson E., Clara B. (who died at the age of four years), Charles W., Dora M. and Bertie. Four of these children were by his first wife, who died in February, 1864. The other wife of Mr. Martin was Hannah E. Forbes, daughter of David Forbes, formerly of Tennessee. During war time Mr. Martin enlisted in the Home Guards in 1861 ; in 1862 he was in the provisional service, and in 1863 and 1864 in the State Militia. He was in the State's service during the entire time, and was mustered out at home. He is a Bepublican in polities, and has served two years as collector and constable of his town- ship, and, about six years ago, began a service of two terms as postmaster of Livonia, Mo. Samuel J. Martz was born in Sullivan County, Mo., Novem- ber 14, 1841, and is a son of Reuben and Sarah (Forsyth) Martz, natives of Virginia and Ohio, respectively. The father was an early settler of Iowa, and died in that State, after which his widow married Edward Dwyer, and, in 1856, moved to Put- nam County, Mo. Here Mr. Dwyer died, and his widow is now living with her youngest son. S. J. was reared in this county, and, in July, 1861, enlisted for three years in Company D, Eighteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served until the expiration of his time. He was in the fight at Shiloh, and dis- abled by a gun shot in the thigh, on account of which he received 1090 BIOGEAPHIOAt APPENDli. a furlough and returned home. After returning to his regiment he was with the mounted infantry some time, and was with Sherman at Marietta and Eesaca. He was detailed, and served about half a month with the Second United States Volunteer Battery before Kenesaw Mountain, was in the engagement at Snake Creek Gap, and was present at all the engagements and skirmishes in which his regiment participated. After his dis- charge, November 14, 1864, he returned home, and in 1865 engaged in farming, since which time he has made one trip to the Black Hills, and two to the Alleghany Mountains. In about 1871 he built a mill, and located upon his present residence, and in connection with his saw and grist-mill is engaged in farm- ing upon ninety-three acres of land on Shoal Creek. November 12, 1865, he married Clarissa A. GarroU, daughter of Henry and Mary (Teter) Garroll, of Ohio. Mr. Garroll was in the Twenty-seventh Missouri Infantry, in which he served until his death, in St. Louis, in December, 1863. To Mr. and Mrs. Martz six children were born: Fannie, Cory, John, Seth, Pearl and Birdell. Daniel Matheson, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Eoss- shire. Northern Scotland, November 24, 1824, and is a son of Daniel and Ann (McLennan) Matheson, both natives of the same place, and both of whom died in" Scotland. Daniel Mathe- son, Jr., remained upon the Scottish farm until twenty -four years old, and March 10, 1848, was married to Margaret, daughter of John Jordine, of Ayershire, South Scotland. In the spring of 1849 he immigrated to the States, and the first settlement was made in Putnam County in 1851. In the fall of 1856 he moved upon his present place, now consisting of 145 acres, 100 being well improved and cultivated. He lives in a nice one-and-a-half story house, ^nd has an orchard of 100 select apple trees. In November, 1862, he enlisted in Company G, Thirty-seventh Iowa Volunteer Infantry, and served until discharged in May, 1865. He was on guard duty some time at Rock Island, 111., Alton, St. Louis, and Memphis, Tenn., and was also at Camp Chase about six months. He also guarded trains, and was in some skirmishes in Tennessee, and had his breast and both arms injured by cars. He is a Republican in politics, and as such was nominated and elected justice of the township in 1870, serv- ing for nine years. In 1885 he was re-elected, and is now efficiently serving in that capacity. He has been a member of the school board a number of years, and is a member of the G. A. R. post at Omaha, Mo. Mrs. Matheson belongs to the United Brethren Church, and is the mother of the following named children: Daniel (married and in Putnam County), Ann (wife of PUTNAM COUNTY. " 1091 John Pickering, merchant at Howl and), John (married and in Kansas), Thomas (married and in Putnam County), James (married and on the home place), William A. (of Kansas) and Ellen (an infant who died in 1850). George Maxwell is a native of Ireland, and was born in County Donegal. He immigrated to the United States in 185B, but did not locate permanently until 1858, when he settled in Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. He received a common-school education in his native country, and lived upon a farm. He began life for himself when twenty-three years old with but little property, but now owns a finely improved farm of 700 acres, which he has purchased through hard work and indus- try. In 1859 he married Miss Mary Elizabeth Van Buskirk, daugljter of Benjamin and Rebecca (Bailey) Van Buskirk, natives of West Virginia and Ohio, respectively. To this union the following children were born: Rebecca E., Thomas B., John H., Edward A., Isaiah M. and Andrew E. Mrs. Maxwell died in 1873, and two years later Mr. Maxwell was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Tinkham, daughter of William and Sarah (Camp- bell) Tinkham, natives of Union County, Ohio. To this union two children have been born: Myrtle and Jessie. Mr. Maxwell was reared in the Episcopalian faith, but since 1859 has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a Master Mason, and in politics is a Republican, and as such has served his township as trustee for many years. He is the fifth of a family of six children born to George and Nellie (Crawford) Maxwell, natives of County Donegal, Ireland, where they passed their lives, and died in 1865, aged seventy-five and seventy years, respectively. They were both actively interested in the Episco- palian Church. Mrs. Maxwell had two sisters and two brothers, her parents being Robert and (McKee) Crawford, natives of County Donegal, where they lived and died. Sterlin K.' Mills, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Han- cock County, Tenn., in 1845, and is a son of William and Rhoda Delida (Lawson) Mills, natives of Bast Tennessee, where they were reared and married. In about 1849 the parents removed to Iowa, but soon returned to Tennessee. After a time they went to South Missouri, and from there to North Missouri, after which they went to Arkansas. In 1860 they moved to Adair County, Mo., and after several removals came to Putnam County. The next move was to Iowa, and then they permanently settled in Adair County, where they still live. Mr. Mills is a farmer, and both himself and wife belong to the Baptist Church. Sterlin K. remained at home until nineteen years old, during his youth enjoying but very meager educational advantages. He was 1092 ' BlOGEAPHlCAL APtENDIX. united in marriage to Miss Ann Eliza, daughter of Middleton and Mary Boyd, a native of Adair County, and by whom he had six children, five of whom are living: William S., Neill Martin, Ernest Monroe, Mary Bells and Laura B. Mrs. Mills died in 1878, and in 1887 Mr. Mills married Miss Mary R, daughter of John and Delilah Abernathy. To this union four children were born, of whom two are living: Nellie Madeline and an infant. Mr. Mills came to Putnam County with his family in 1862, and has since been a resident of his present farm. He began life as a tenant, renting a farm in 1864 of Judge Martin. He con- tinued to rent land for nineteen years, 'during which time by pru- dence and economy he accumulated the money to purchase his present farm, which contains 440 acres of good land, situated twenty miles southeast of Unionville. He is one of the well-to- do citizens of the township, in politics is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Seymour in 1868. During 1864 he served six months in Company I, Forty-ninth Missouri State Militia. He is a member of the Anti-Horse-Thief Association. Mrs. Mills belongs to the Christian Church. Eev. Alpheus Minear, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Randolph County, Va., April 1, 1822, and is a son of Mannassah and Lydia (Halbert) Minear, natives of Virginia. The mother died in Randolph County, Va., in 1830. Mr. Minear moved to Elk- hart County, where he married and lived until his death. After the death of his mother our subject was sent to Dayton, Ohio, where he began to learn the tailor's trade. Two years later he accompanied his teacher to Nashville, Tenn., and after learning the trade he worked at the business at different periods. For a few years he was employed as a pilot upon the river. He was subsequently licensed to preach in 1853; joined the annual con- ference at Newburn, Iowa, in 1858; was ordained in 1861, after which he traveled as presiding elder of the United Brethren Church for six years, meeting with strong opposition during the war. In 1867 he was engaged in circuit work, and then for two years engaged in district work in connection with his calling. He was married, April 6, 1842, in Sallivan County, Ind., to Miss Margaret Jane Brown, daughter of George and Catherine (Corn) Brown. Mrs. Minear was born in Kentucky and reared in Indi- ana, and is the mother of seven living children: David (married and living near Unionville), C. Perry (married and at home), MaryM. (wife of William McCoUumV Eliza E. (wife of A. J. Williams), Amanda Jane, Alney Neal (deputy county clerk) and Laura F. She is also the mother of six children who died in infancy, and one daughter, Elizabeth Ann, who died at the age of eight. Mr. Minear moved to Missouri in September, 1856, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1093 and first bought land and located in Schuyler County, upon the Chariton Eiver. Bight years later he came to Putnam County, and in 1864 located upon his present place. He has 160 acres of land — ninety acres well fenced and cultivated — and has a good house and outbuildings. Mr. and Mrs. Minear and six children are members of the United Brethren Church. Mr. Minear is quite popular among the young people, being of a social and genial disposition, and has united in marriage a great many young couples. E. N. Monroe, dealer in drugs and stationery, and one of Unionville's most enterprising business men, was born at Chilli- cothe, Ross Co., Ohio, in 1855, and is an only child of Edwin and Mary (Hard) Monroe. The father was born at Charleston, Mass., in 1786, and was a soldier in the War of 1812. He died in Putnam County, Mo., in 1868. The mother was the second wife of- Edwin Monroe, and was a native of Vermont. She died in 1885. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, who lived and died in Massachusetts. E. N. Monroe moved to Putnam County with his parents when about ten years old, and was reared in Elm Township upon a farm until 1870, and there accepted a clerkship in a drug store at Unionville, which he filled about five years. He then clerked in a drug store at Council Bluffs, Iowa, until September, 1876, and then embarked in that occupation on his own account at his present place of business on the northeast corner of the public square. He is the owner of a two-story 24x70 foot building, in whidh he conducts his business, keeping two clerks actively employed. In 1878 he married Elizabeth Waggoner, a native of Pennsyl- vania, by whom one son, John, and a daughter, who died in infancy, were born. The mother of these children died in 1881, and Mr. Monroe afterward married Flora, a sister of his first wife, by whom one child, Octavia, has been born. Dr. Thomas H. Moss, practicing physician and surgeon at Hartford, was born in Putnam County, Ind, in 1831, and is a son of Israel and Margaret (Butler) Moss, natives of Kentucky, where they were reared and married. Abont 1828 they went to Putnam County, Ind., where the father died in 1873, aged seventy-four. He was a carpenter and millwright by trade, and a son of William Moss, who was also a native of Kentucky. The mother was a member of the Christian Church, and died about 1845. Thomas H. was reared at home, and during his youbh received a good English education. In 1853 he was united in marriage to Miss Zipporah, daughter of Turner and Miranda Woodard, formerly of Kentucky, where Mrs. Moss was born, but then living iu Indiana, and now residents of Putnam County, Mo. 1094 BIOGRAPHICAL APPBNBIX. To this union two children were born, of whom one daughter is living: Mary L. (wife of George Pickinpaugh). In 1854 the Doctor began the study of medicine under Dr. Washington Ben- ton, of Mount Meridan, Ind., with whom he studied two years, and spent one year with Dr. Cross Gregory, at CarpentersTille. In 1857 he entered Eush Medical College at Chicago, but soon abandoned the course there on account of the prevalence of small- pox in the city. In 1858 he began to practice his profession, and the same year went to St. Claire, Mo., where he continued to practice until 1862. He then came to Hartford, where he soon established a lucrative practice, and is now considered one of the leading physicians of the place. In 1884 he took a post-gradu- ate course at Eush Medical College, thus completing his medical education. He owns a nice farm of 300 acres in Liberty Town- ship, on Shoal Creek, and is one of the well-to-do and enterpris- ing citizens of the county. During the rebellion he was captain of a company of Missouri State Militia, but was not called to service. In politics he is a Eepublican, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Fillmore, in 1856. He is a prominent and long- standing member of the Masonic fraternity and of the A. H. T. A. His wife belongs to the Christian Church. William Munn, farmer and stock raiser, Section 30, Jackson Township, P. O. Terre Haute, was born in Scioto County, Ohio, November 9, 1848. His father, IraH. Munn, was a native of the same county and State, as was also his mother, Eliza Jane Eice. Their deaths occurred in August, 1866, and Febru- ruary, 1867, respectively, and the lifelong occupation of the father was that of farming. Our subject grew to manhood in his native county upon the farm, and received a common-school education. February 29, 1876, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of J. Brant, now deceased. Mrs. Munn was born in Scioto County, Ohio, and is the mother of two children: Nora and Floyd Clifton. She is also the mother of two children who died in infancy. After his marriage Mr. Munn farmed three years in his aative county, and then moved west to Missouri, settling in September, 1879, near his present residence. He purchased his present farm in the spring of 1887, which con- sists of 160 acres of prairie land, all fenced and devoted to mead- ow, pasture and plow land. He has two good houses, each one and a half stories high, besides good outbuildings, and has a nice orchard of about lOO apple trees and other fruits. He is a Mas- ter Mason of the Unionville Lodge, and in politics a Eepublican, but has never sought nor held office. George F. Myers, president of the Terre Haute Creamery Company, at Terre Haute, and farmer and stock raiser in Medi- PUTNAM COUNTY. 1095 cine Township, was born July 29, 1841, in Pendleton County, Ky., and is the eldest of a family of five children of John and Mary (Finley) Myers, who were born, lived and died in Kentucky. Mrs. Myers' death occurred April 7, 1862. Mr. Myers was of German descent, born September 8, 1801, and died September 22, 1864. He was twice married, his first wife having been a Miss Asbury. George F. Myers was reared upon a farm, and has always been interested in farming and stock raising. He received a good common-school education in his early days, and in 1869 moved to Memphis County, Mo. In 1877 he came to Putnam County, which he has since made his home. The Terre Haute Creamery Company was organized in March, 1884, with a capital stock of $4,550. Mr. Myers was made president of the organization, and is one of the principal stockholders. He began life a poor man, and is one of the self-made men of the county worthy of emulation. He is the owner of 554 acres of finely improved and cultivated land, and is one of the substantial farm- ers and stock raisers of the county. October 13, 1868, he mar- ried Miss Nannie E. Brann, a native of Pendleton County, Ky., and daughter of William A. and Martha A. (Callen) Brann, This union has been blessed with nine children: Walter E., Anna M., MoUieE., Hattie M., Myrtle Brann, George S., Emmet C, James F., And one unnamed. Mrs. Myers is a member of the Christian Church, and Mr. Myers is identified with the I. O. O. P. In politics he is a Democrat. Judge Thomas B. Nefif, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Hardy County, Va., September 7, 1826, and is a son of Adam and Harriet (Bramell) Neff, also natives of that State. In 1837 the family moved from Virginia to Ohio, locating in Pickaway County, but after a residence there of three years they returned to Virginia, settling in Wood County. In the spring of 1844 they went to Des Moines County, Iowa, where the father died about 1880, aged seventy-five. Thomas B. grew to manhood in Des Moines County, but his education was mostly obtained after reaching years of maturity. In 1850 he left Des Moines County and in company with twenty-eight men and seven teams went over- land to California, the journey taking from March until September 5, 1850. He engaged in mining about three months, but becom- ing sick in San Francisco he returned home, passing through Central America, Lake Nicaragua, across to Graytown, Cuba, New Orleans and St. Louis. He arrived home in April, 1851, and then engaged in farming in Iowa for five years. He was united in marriage, while in Des Moines County, in 1848, to Mary J. Wood, a native of that county, who died in June, 1849. In 1853 he wedded Eleanor Holland, a native of Iowa, who died in Put- 1096 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. nam County, Mo., in 1863. To his second union four children were born: Fanny (wife of Bphraim Norman, of Kansas), Eliza- beth A. (wife of B. S. Idleman, of Kansas), Mary J. (wife of George B. Johnson, of Nebraska), and Ines L. (wife of Albert Noel, of Kansas). The Judge was married, in Putnam County, Mo., in November, 1863, to Mahala Timmons, who was born and reared in Ohio. To this union three children have been born: Lola A., who died in 1874, aged seven, and two who died in in- fancy. Judge Neff came to Putnam County in 1856, locating in the section where he now resides. Although he began life with nothing, he has by good management, industry and economy amassed a comfortable competency. He at first entered a tract of 160 acres in Sherman Township, but now owns 440 acres all in one tract, all fenced, and about 300 in meadow, pasture and plow land. He lives in a commodious one-and-one-half story residence, and has a good barn, sheds, cribs, etc. The Judge is a Republican in politics, and served as township trustee from 1874 to 1876. In 1880 he was again elected to that oiSce, and served a couple of terms in succession. He was nominated judge at large in the fall of 1882, and elected presiding judge of the county court, and presided over the sittings of that court for a term of four years. The judge is an enterprising and public- spirited citizen, and always takes great interest in the welfare of his county and party. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge, at Unionville. During the rebellion he served as second lieu- tenant in Company A, Forty-fifth Missouri Cavalry, Missouri State Militia, going out in the fall of 1862, and again in Sep- tember, 1864, hunting " bushwhackers." David B. Parsons, farmer and, stock raiser, post-oflS.ce address,' Terre Haute, was born in Jackson County, W. Va., on May 16, 1848. His father, Charles Parsons, was born in the same county and State, and his mother, Bebecca (Wolf), was born in Lewis County, W. Va. The father died December 7, 1875, But the mother is still living in Virginia. David B. grew to manhood upon the farm in Jackson County, and in November, 1870, was married in Roane County to Miss Rebecca Staats, daughter of John and Margaret Staats, both natives of Virginia. Mrs. Par- sons was born, reared and educated in Roane County, Va., and is the mother of four children: Lievvirnia D. (born in 1872), Wil- son C. (born in 1876), and Emma R. (born in 1885). One son, Everett Monroe, died December 26, 1886, three years and nine months old. After his marriage Mr. Parson's located upon a farm in Jackson County, where he resided until his removal to Mis- souri. In March, 1883, he located in Jackson Township, buying the farm upon which he now resides, He owns 129^ acres of PUTNAM COUNTY. 1097 land in liis home place, well cultivated, and forty acres of timber land in another tract. He lives in a comfortable house, sur- rounded with good barns, etc., and a nice orchard. Mr. and Mrs. Parsons while in Virginia were members of the Methodist Church. They are genial and hospitable people, and welcome both friends and strangers to their home. George A. Patrick, farmer and stock raiser. Section 4, Wil- son Township, was born in Decatur County, Ind., March 22, 1836. His father, John Patrick, was born in Shelby County, Ky., in 1804, where he grew to manhood and married Nancy Osborn, who was born in Fairfax County, Va. The family moved to Indiana in the spring of 1838, and entered Government land and improved a farm in Decatur County, where Mrs. Patrick died in 1852. Mr. Patrick was thrice married, and in the fall of 1856 moved to Missouri, settling in Putnam County, in 1857, where he bought land and improved a farm upon which he lived until his death in August, 1884. George A. Patrick passed his youth in Decatur County, Ind., and came to Missouri with his father in 1856. After an eighteen months' residence in Missouri he returned to Decatur County, Ind., where he was married April J 5, 1862, to Martha A. Moore, daughter of Turner Moore, for- merly of Hamilton County, Ohio, where Mrs. Patrick was born. She was brought to Decatur County, Ind., by her parents when a child, and during her youth was a playmate and school friend of Mr. Patrick. After his marriage he continued to farm in Decatur County until 1867, when he moved to Missouri. In March, 1868, he bought land, where he now resides. He now owns 143 acres of land in the home place, which is well cultivated and improved. He lives in a comfortable one-and-a-half story house, and has an eighty-acre tract of finely improved land adjoin- ing his home place. He is interested in educational matters in an humble way in his immediate neighborhood. To Mr. and Mrs. Patrick four children hmve been born: Millard M. (who is married to Miss Annie Stucky, of Putnam County), Prank G., Clinton L. and Perry B. Mr. Patrick is a worthy and conscien- tious member of the Presbyterian Church. Jerome J. Petty, farmer and proprietor of Petty's saw and grist-mill, was born in Pike County, Mo., November 14, 1824. His father, Fisher Petty, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, and after reaching his majority learned the tanner's trade. In 1822 he came to Missouri, and located at Frankford, Pike County, where he married Sarah Jackson, a native of Kentucky. For six years Mr. Petty engaged in the tanning business at that place, and in 1830 moved across the river, and continued at the same business until 1850, He then engaged in farming until his 99 1098 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. ' death, in 1866. Jerome J. grew to manhood in Pike County, and in the spring of 1846 went to Monroe County, Iowa, and in the fall of that year married Miss Mary Jane, daughter of Jona- than and Sarah Piper. After his marriage he continued to live in Monroe County for four years, and in the fall of 1852 removed to Putnam County, Mo., where he now resides. He at first located on 160 acres of raw land, and afterward entered to the amount of 640 acres. The following year Mr. Petty built a water saw-mill, which he ran in connection with his farming. In 1860 he built a steam grist and saw-mill, putting in the engine and machinery in 1867. Since that time he has engaged in grinding corn and manufacturing lumber only. He was one of the principal organ- izers of the Fair Association of the county, of which he occupied the position of president fifteen years in succession, and is now one of the board of directors. Mrs. Petty died March 1, 1862, leaving three children of five borne by her: Sarah B. (wife of R. W. Mannon, of Putnam County), Mary E. (wiie of W. E. Berry, of Garden City, Kas.), Emily V. (wife of Pliny M. Mannon, of Putnam County), Laura (who died in early childhood, September 21, 1857) and George L. (who also died in early childhood, on April 19, 1864). June 5, 1864, Mr. Petty married Martha J., widow of Caleb Wells, and daughter of J. H. Mannon, of Putnam County. Four children have- been born to this marriage: Jennie E. and Edith L., and two who died in infancy. Mr. Petty is identified with the Democratic party, but has never sought nor held office. He is an enterprising and thrifty farmer, with good social gifts, and is the owner of 320 acres of well cultivated land on Shoal Creek, and lives in a good house, which is surrounded by com- fortable putbuildings. Capt. Jacob Wayne Pickinpaugh, farmer and stock raiser, was born in what is now Noble County, Ohio, April 22, 1829. His father, Peter Pickinpaugh, was born in Greene County, Penn., December 9, 1801, and graw to manhood in his native State. He went to Ohio when a young man, and began life working for $6 per month. After he had accumulated a small sum, he bought land in Morgan (now Noble) County, in about 1823. In 1828 he was married to Jane Philips, a native of Guernsey County, Ohio. He died November 25, 1884, upon the place he first settled. Of the family of three sons and three daughters all grew to maturity, and all but one daughter are now living. J. W. passed his boyhood and youth in Noble County, Ohio, and was there married June 22, 1851, to Eliza- beth Jane Walters, daughter of Jonah Walters. Mrs. Pickin- paugh was born and reared in Noble County, where she lived until March, 1860. They then moved to Putnam County, Mo., PUTNAM COUNTY. 1099 where Mr. Pickinpaugh now lives. He at first bought and entered land, and now owns 258 acres, all fenced, and about > eighty acres well improved and cultivated. He has a good orchard of 200 select apple trees, and other varieties of small fruits, and lives in a commodious two-story building, surrounded with good outbuildings. Mr. Pickinpaugh enlisted in Capt. Bogle's company of Home Guards in 1861, of which he was made second lieutenant. After two months' service he raised a company of six-months men, and on October 15, 1861, went to Canton, on the Mississippi Eiver. He served three months under Col. Woodard, in the Twenty-first Missouri Infantry, and was mustered out in February, 1862. In the summer of the same year he enlisted in the enrolled militia, going to Macon City, and from there to Glasgow. Late in the same year he was mus- tered out at Macon City. Capt. Pickinpaugh and his company were in the first fight which occurred in Schuyler County. The battle occurred at Lancaster. While he and a detachment of his men were out of the city, getting hay and corn for their horses, they were surprised and vigorously attacked by a company of Confederates, who were routed with the loss of their captain and four men, while the Federal loss was only two men. Capt. Pickinpaugh is a Republican in politics, and as such has served in several local official positions. His first wife died in Decem- ber, 1885, by whom five children were born: Napoleon, Dr. George J. (of Mendota), Wallace H. (of Kansas), Mary Ann J. (wife of Charles Quigley, of Iowa), and William S. T. (a county teacher). The first four named are married. January 9, 1887, Mr. Pickinpaugh was united in marriage, in Putnam County, to Miss Angeline Johnson, a native of Wood County, W. Va., and daughter of John E. Johnson, formerly of Canada. Harvey S. Pittman, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Davis County, Iowa, October 12, 1845, and is a son of William and Jaley Pittman, the former born in Kentucky, January 1, 1807, and the latter, aleo of Kentucky nativity, born December 14, 1825. William Pittman, when a young man, came from Kentucky to Missouri, where he married Miss Jaley, daughter of Joseph Hen- derson, in 1841, and resided in Randolph and Howard Counties till 1843, when he moved to Davis County, Iowa. He lived there till the fall of 1855, then returned to Missouri and entered land, and improved a farm in Sherman Township, Putnam County, where he lived until his death, August 31, 1886. He was a sol- dier in the Black Hawk War. His wife died July 25, 1887. H. S. Pittman is one of a family of four children, two of whom died in infancy, and two are living — our subject and Martha A. King. j^r. Pittman canie to this county with his parents whpn ten jeavB 1100 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. old, and grew to manhood in Sherman Township, and in the fall of 1864 served as a private soldier in the Missouri State Militia. He was married, January 28, 1864, to Miss Harriet A., daughter of Mary and Harrison Dorsett, of Putnam County, Mo., formerly of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Pittman was born in Schuyler County, 111., May 12, 1849, and was reared in Putnam County, Mo. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Pittman lived on rented farms in the neighborhood of his present location for some time, but in the fall of 1866 he bought forty acres of land where he now resides, *which he improved, and to which he has added until he now owns 197£ acres in one tract, nearly all fenced, and consist- ing of meadow, plow land and pasture. He has a neat and new one-and-a-half story house, and good outbuildings, neat gates and good fencing. Mr. and Mrs. Pittman have one child, Amanda A. Pittman, who was born in Putnam County, Mo., May 30, 1865, She married J. B. Warren, January 1, 1885, in Putnam County. Mr. Pittman is a self-made man, and a successful and respected citizen. In politics he is a Eepublican, but never sought nor held office. He is a temperance man and a religious man, himself and wife belonging to the Christian Church, which they joined September 16, 1876, and were baptized on the 17th inst. D. W. Pollock, president of the National Bank of Unionville, was born in Adams County, Penn., October 10, 1841. Part of his childhood days were spent in Westmoreland County, Penn., and in 1851 he accompanied his parents to Missouri, locating in Putnam County June 20. He remained at home until June 17, 1861, when he enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, of which he was made second lieutenant, and afterward promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, and in 1865 was mus- tered out in South Carolina, holding a captain's commission at the time. He then returned to Putnam County, and on October 5 of the same year was united in marriage to Anna E. Daniels, a native of Ohio, and soon after embarked in the general mer- cantile and fine stock trade, which he has since continued with phenomenal success at St. John. Upon the organization of the National Bank at Unionville, he took the second largest share of the stock, and has since officiated as president. Besides giving his attention to his mercantile and- banking interests in Putnam County he buys and ships grain from several points in Iowa. His marriage has been blessed by the birth of five sons and two daughters: Mary I., Ira O., Orin O., William H, David W., Anna O., Thomas H. — one of each now deceased. Mr. Pollock is a mem- ber of the T. O. O. F. Thomas L., the father of our subject, was born in Glasgow, Scotland, June 20, 1805, and there married Isabella Wilson, June 20, 1833, and in 1839 immigrated to Aiaer- tUTNAM COT)N*Y. llOl iea, his wife and two eldest sons, James and Thomas, who were born in Glasgow, Scotland, joining him two years later. He was a sailor for nine years after coming to America, but in 1851 located in Putnam County, Mo., near St. John, with his family, and there resided until his death, which occurred May 31, 1879. During the late war he was a Union man, and served as wagon- master three years in the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteers. Politically he was a Republican, and served for several years as judge of Putnam County Court. His wife still resides upon the old homestead near St. John, and of the five sons and four daugh- ters born to her and her husband all grew to maturity, although two of the sons and one daughter are now deceased. W. L. Pollock was born March 2, 1843, in Clinton County, Penn., and moved with his parents to Putnam County, Mo., July 22, 1851, where he has since resided. He attended the subscription schools of this county, bat acquired most of his education after he was of age. Although beginning life a poor man he now owns 900 acres of finely improved land, upon which he is extensively engaged in farming and stock raising. April 15, 1866, he married Miss Sarah E., daughter of Levi and Alice (Harris) Simmons, natives of Kentucky and Indiana, respect- ively. When a boy Mr. Simmons moved to Hancock County, 111., with his mother and stepfather. He was born March 21, 1818, and died January 10, 1875. Mrs. Simmons moved with her parents to the same county, when about six years old. There they were united in marriage March 81, 1841, and to them ten children were born, of whom Mrs. Pollock was the third. Mrs. Simmons was born February 3, 1826, and died in October, 1875. To Mr. and Mrs. Pollock eleven children were born: Cora Alice (wife of Joseph P. Herrold), Levi Thomas, Stella Ann, Mary Susan, David Llewellyn (deceased), James Riley, Harriet Isa- belle, Barbara Ellen, William Allen, Charles Herold and Harley Martin. Mr. Pollock is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his wife is a member of the United Brethren Church. He is a Greenbacker in politics, and a strong advocate of the temperance cause. During the late war he served in the State Militia. He was the sixth of a family of nine children born to Thomas and Isabelle (Wilson) Pollock, who was born near Greenoch, Scotland. They immigrated to the United States with two children about the year 1835, and settled first at Queens Run, Penn. Mr. Pollock sailed upon the ocean for a number of years, after which he engaged in the business of brick making, but later in life devoted his time to farming and stock raising. During the late war he enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Regiment, Missouri Volunteer Infantry. After three years and 1102 filOflEAPaiCAL APPENDIX. four months service as regimental wagon master he was dis- charged on account of disability. After the war he served as judge of the county court eight years. He was born June 20, 1805, and died May 31, 1879. His wife is still living and resides with her children, and is seventy years of age. John Probasco was born in Greene County, N. Y., in 1827, and moved to Steuben County of that State in 1839; then to Edwards County, 111. ; then to Lee County, Iowa ; then to Clark County, Mo., and finally to Putnam County, Mo., in 1855, where he has since resided. He received a common-school education in Edward County, 111., and Lee County, Iowa, and since boyhood has been engaged in farming and stock raising. When twenty- two years old he started in life upon his own responsibility, and such has been his success that he now owns 310 acres of finely- stocked and well-improved land. In 1851 he married Miss^ Virginia Butts, a native of Bath County, Ky., and who, "when a little girl, came with her parents, Jeremiah and Nancy (Newton) Butts, to Clark County, Mo. Her parents were natives of Ken- tucky and Virginia, respectively, and the father was of German descent. To Mr. and Mrs. Probasco nine children have been born: Edward S., James W., Peter, Andrew J., Sarah, John W., Noah, Olive May and Henry Sherman. Mr. and Mrs. Probasco are both members of the Missionary Baptist Church. He is a Eepublican in politics, although earlier in life he was a Demo- crat. In Masonry he is a member of the Blue Lodge. To his parents, Peter and Sarah (Stroud) Probasco, nine children were born, of whom he is the second. Both parents of his mother were natives of Holland, and the father, Samuel Stroud, died dur- ing the Eebellion at the age of one hundred and foiir years. Jerome E. Putnam was born in Oxford, Worcester Co., Mass., January 26, 1844. Dexter Putnam and Euby T. (Tor- rey) Putnam, his parents, were also natives of Massachusetts, they having been born in the same county as their son. The family moved from Massachusetts to Missouri in 1864, and set- tled in Putnam County, Mr. Putnam buying land in York Township, where he now resides. He has a family of six sons and six daughters, all grown, and all married save one daughter. The mother died in July, 1887. J. E. Putnam, the subject of this sketch, accompanied his parents to Missouri in 1864; he had formerly received a good common-school education in Massachu- setts, which was completed at the Kirksville State Normal. After teaching school fourteen terms he entered Mr. Pollock's store, of which he is now the bookkeeper and manager, having efficiently filled this position since April, 1870. In February, 1871, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha H., daughter of PUTNAM COUNTY. H03 William Bible, formerly of West Virginia. Mrs, Putnam was born in Virginia, but spent the greater part of her youth in Put- nam County. She died February 18, 1883, leaving five children: Ira A., Estelle L., Sumner J., Orie A. and Martha Edith. Mr. Put- nam is a highly respected and popular citizen of Patnam County, being of a genial and hospitable disposition, and is an active worker in the Baptist Church, of which he has been a prominent member twenty-six years. He is an earnest advocate of the tem- perance cause, and belongs to the Red Eibbon Club. George Both, a native of Burlington, Iowa, is one of the lead- ing business men of Northern Missouri. He has a large and complete line of hardware at Unionville, Mo., and also deals in lumber, furniture and agricultural implements. He was born in 1840, and reared upon a farm near Burlington, Iowa, until fif- teen years old, and then clerked for a hardware firm until 1875, eight years of this time being spent in traveling for the firm. He then located at Unionville as a member of the firm of Will- iams & Both, which existed for five years, and then Mr. Roth began to conduct the business alone. He employs four clerks, and occupies his own rooms, having in 1882 built three rooms, 20x110 feet, the building being two stories high. He also owns several other business stores in Unionville, and a residence. His parents, John and Magdaline, were natives of Paris, Prance, and reside at Burlington, Iowa. Our subject is one of the eight children born to them, six of whom are living. The father served in the three-months service from Iowa, during the late war, and was seven years in the French army. John Ryals was born in Monroe County, Mo., April 26, 1834, and is a son of John Ryals, Sr., and Mary (Sears) Ryals, natives of North Carolina. The father was born May 13, 1803, and when a small boy came to Kentucky with his father, where he grew to manhood and was married. Shortly afterward he moved to Illinois and settled in Sangamon County, where he bought and improved land and lived until 1831. He then moved to Randolph County, Mo., from there to Monroe County, and from there, in October, 1841, to Putnam County, locating upon a farm near his son's present residence. In January, 1843, he moved to Appanoose County, Iowa, but two years later returned to Put- nam County, where he remained until his return to Appanoose County in 1864. In 1874 he came back to Putnam County, and lived there until his death, October 10, 1884. John Ryals, Jr., the subject of this sketch, grew to manhood in Putnam County, and in the spring of 1853 went to Illinois, living upon a farm in Henderson County about four years. He is a self-educated man, and in 1858 began to teach in Putnam and Appanoose Counties, 1104 felOGBAPfllCAti APPEliDl*. continuing thus engaged about four years. March 13, 1862, he was married in Liberty Township, Putnam County, to Miss Miriam Mannon, daughter of John H. Mannon, and a native of Mercer County, 111. He then located upon the farm where he now resides, which contains 206 acres of well fenced and cultivated land, and upon which he has built a good house and substantial outbuildings. He is a Democrat in politics, and has served one year each in the offices of township collector and township assessor. He belongs to the Hartford Lodge in Masonry. To him- self and wife seven children have been born: Sylvia (wife of Robert Musgrove), Nora (wife of Samuel Musgrove), Elmer A. (county teacher), Leila, Ledrew E., Yietta and Clyde E. J. P. Schuster, general merchant of Unionville, was born in Meigs County, Ohio, June 14, 1850, and "when three years of age accompanied his parents to Tipton, Cedar Co., Iowa, and from there, in 1856, to Putnam County, Mo., locating at Martins- town, Elm Township, where our subject was reared upon a farm. When about eighteen years old he attended the State Normal School, at Kirksville, one term, and then began teaching school, in which occupation he engaged in Adair, Schuyler and Putnam Counties until 1875. In the fall of 1875 he embarked in the mercantile trade at Martinstown, where he remained until March 1, 1881, and then located at his present place of business near the northwest corner of the square in Unionville, being a mem- ber of the firm of Schuster Bros. In 1882 he began to conduct the business alone. He owns the building he occupies, which consists of two rooms on the ground floor, one 16^x70 feet, used for the grocery department, and the other, 20x60 feet, used for the dry goods and clothing department. The building has two stories. In January, 1873, he married Elizabeth A. Wade, a native of Putnam County, by whom five children have been born, four sons and one daughter. Mr. Schuster is a Select Knight of the A. O. U. W. John Schuster, the father, was born in Bavaria, August 16, 1826. He was in the Revolution and, with Kossuth, emigrated to America, locating near Pittsburgh, Penn., where he married Elizabeth Isenhoot, a native of Germany. He served an apprenticeship at the cabinet maker's trade, in Germany, and is now residing upon a farm in Elm Township, Putnam Co., Mo. The mother is also living. Of the four sons and two daughters reared to maturity our subject is the first child. All the chil- dren, with the exception of one daughter, are now living. The maternal grandparents resided near Pittsburgh, where the grand- mother still lives and is now over eighty years of age. The paternal grandparents lived and died in Germany. James T. Scott was born in October, 1833, in Chester County, tttTNAM COUNTY. llOS Pern. The spring of 1854 he moved to Scott County, Iowa, and the fall of the following year came to Putnam County, Mo., locat- ing about four miles northwest of his present residence. He began life for himself when hardly of age, and when he crossed the Mississippi Eiver had but $2.50. He was of an energetic nature, and endowed with business ability, however, and so became the owner of a nicely improved farm of 319^ acres of good land, upon which he is engaged in farming and stock rais- ing, and here he has a nice nursery, supplying the surrounding country with hedge plants, ornamental trees, etc. In the spring of 1856 he was married to Miss Isabell, daughter of John and Isabell Long. Eleven children have blessed this union, viz. : Mary B., William C, John L., Susan I., Ann B., James O., George H., Malinda J., David G., Merilla P. and Leonidas, Mrs. Scott died August 17, 1877, and February 14, 1878, Miss Mary B. Masterson became the wife of our subject, by whom he had one child — -Mary Ida. This lady died June 19, 1879, and the first day of the following year Mr. Scott was united in mar- riage to Miss Elizabeth Jane, daughter of George W. and Lucy (Duree) Fields. To this last union four children have been born: Eosa E. W., Thomas P., Emma E. and Harley P. Mr. and Mrs. Scott are members of the Baptist and Christian Churches, respectively. Mr. Scott is a Democrat in politics, and as such has served his township as justice of the peace ten years ; only two cases tried before him were appealed, and in only one of those was his decision reversed. During the late war he served in the State Militia. He is the oldest child born to W. H. and Mary E. (Short) Scott, natives of New Castle, Del., and Cecil County, Md., respectively, and the latter having been of Scotch-Irish descent. Mr. Scott was a son of William Scott, who was a captain in the War of 1812, and Mrs. Scott, a daughter of David Short, a lieutenant in the same war, and a native of Maryland, where he died. Judge William A. Shelton, one of the pioneers of Putnam County, was born in Clinton County, Ky., April 15, 1831, and October 25, 1845, accompanied his parents to Putnam County, Mo., locating within the present limits of Lincoln Township for two years, and then moving to Liberty Township, where they remained until about 1854, when they returned to Lincoln Town- ship. Our subject made his home with his parents until 1855, and then came to Unionville, and in 1856 received the appoint- ment of deputy clerk of the circuit and county courts, serving until January, 1860. He then began the discharge of his duties as circuit clerk, which position he held till January, 1867. In February, 1862, he enlisted in the State Militia, serving as cap- 1106 BlOGEAPfllOAL APPENDIX. tain of the First Cavalry, in Company D. In September, 1862, it being necessary for him to retire from active service in the field, to his office as clerk, he resigned, and was then appointed colonel of the Forty -fifth Enrolled Militia, which was organized in Putnam County. In the fall of 1866 he was elected to the State Senate, and served four years. He studied law with S. A. John from 1856 until the commencement of the war, and was admitted to the bar in 1866, and practiced from 1870 until he was elected to the office of probate judge, to fill an unexpired term of two years, and was then re-elected to the same office in 1884 and 1886, filling the office in a highly efficient and faithful manner. In 1859 he was united in marriage to Nancy F. Bras- field, a native of Madison County, Ky., by whom five sons have been born: Alonzo, died in August, 1861 ; Hugh Adolphus, died in October, 1864; Or a A., William A. and Claude A. The Judge is a member of the order of F. & A. M. and I. 0. O. F. His paternal grandfather, Bzekiel, was a native of North Carolina, and of English parentage. His parents were large slave hold- ers, and Ezekiel became attached to a slave named Tom, and begged his father not to sell Tom to a Georgia slave trader, to whom he was making sale, and in his plea said if Tom was sold he would leave home ; but his request was not granted, and when Tom was sold, he ran away from home at the age of sixteen, com- ing to Clinton County, Ky., where he was married to Margaret Davis, a lady of Scotch-Irish descent, his relatives whom he left not hearing from him in forty years. Both died in Clinton County. The father of William A., Ezekiel, was born in Clinton County, Ky., April 8, 1808, and was reared and married there to Elizabeth Mason, a native of Kentucky. Their deaths occurred in Lincoln Township, Putnam County, in 1866 and 1864. Mr. Shelton was the second of thirteen children — ^ten sons and three daughters — • all of whom lived to maturity. Seven of his brothers served in the Union cause during the late war, five dying while in the service. The three daughters are living, and four of the sons, including William. Frank C. Sickles, attorney at law, was born at Waterloo, Clark Co., Mo., in 1852, and was reared in Schuyler and Clark Counties, living in the former county from his birth until 1886. He was admitted to the bar in Schuyler County, in 1876, served one term as prosecuting attorney of Schuyler, and is now a practitioner of his profession at Unionville. January 1, 1879, he was united in marriage to Mary E. Fisher, a native of Iowa, but reared in Schuyler County, Mo., and to' them one son, Fred C, has been born. Mr. Sickles is a member of the Chris- tian Church, and a man highly respected in the community, and ttTNAM COUNTY. 1107 regarded as one of its most important citizens. The grandfather of Prank, Daniel 0., was born in the State of New York, where he passed his youth. He went to Virginia, and from there immigrated to Missouri, during the early history of that State. He was a Methodist Episcopal minister, and died in Clark County, Mo. His son, William A., the father of our subject, was a native of New York City, and was married to Caroline T. Shelen- barger, in Clark County, Mo. This lady was a native of Penn- sylvania, and to her union with Mr. Sickles, Sr., three sons and four daughters were born, of whom Frank C. was the eld- est; three daughters are now deceased. The father died in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1884, but the mother is a resident of Green Top, Schuyler Co., Mo. William T. Smith was born in Urbana County, Ohio, Septem- ber 14, 1851, and is a son of Henry and Eebecca J. (Harbert) Smith, natives of Virginia and Ohio, respectively. The father settled in Ohio when a young man, and was there married. About 1854 he purchased raw land in Putnam County, Mo., in the southern part of Sherman Township, which he improved, and upon which he lived a number of years. He is a tanner by trade and erected a tanyard and buildings at West Liberty, and engaged in business there for several years, after which he returned to farm life. In the early part of 1864 he enlisted in Capt. Thompson's Company, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, for one year, and went to the front with his regiment. He was mustered out in the summer of 1864. He moved to Unionville in 1886. He has been twice married, his first wife having died in February, 1885. He raised a family of three sons: William T., James H. and John H., all of whom are living, and the two eldest married. Williatn T., our immediate subject, grew to manhood upon the Putnam County farm, and received a good common-school education; having a taste for literature he con- tinued to apply himself to the acquirement of knowledge, and at the age of twenty commenced to teach in the Putnam County schools, which he continued during the winter months for some six years, spending the summer months in farming. He married, in Putnam County, December 24, 1873, Miss Izorah H. Skinner, daughter of S. E. Skinner, of Illinois. Mrs. Smith was born in Lee County, Iowa, October 7, 1853, near Sandusky City, but was raised mostly by an uncle (John Bonebright), of Putnam County, where she was a schoolmate and pupil of her husband. This marriage has been blessed by three children: Leslie Harbert, born August 29, 1875 ; Altha M., born June 9, 1880, and Goldie E., born July 30, 1884. Mr. Smith is a Republican in politics, and was nominated and elected township collector in the spring of il08 BIOGEAPHtCAL APPENDtS. 1887, for a term of two years. He is a well-to-do farmer, and owns 160 acres of meadow and plow land, upon which is a com- fortable house, good outbuildings, etc. Mrs. Smith is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Otho Staggs, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, in 1835, and is a son of Christopher and Anna Staggs, formerly of Hampshire County, Va. When about twenty- six years old the father went to Belmont County, Ohio, where he was married, and spent the remainder of his life in farming. He died in 1858, when about sixty-six years old, and his first wife died in 1842. She was a member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church, and the father was a member of the Baptist Church. He was twice married. Otho Staggs remained at home until seventeen years of age, receiving a limited education. In 1858 he married Amy Mercer, of Tuscarawas County, Ohio, daughter of Richard and Elizabeth Mercer. Mrs. Staggs was born in Belmont County, Ohio, at which place they lived four years, then moving to Coshocton County, Ohio. In 1866 they moved to Putnam County, Mo., locating twelve miles northeast of Union- ville, where he purchased eighty acres of land; to his original purchase he has since added until he now owns 500 acres, 125 situated in Appanoose County, Iowa. His farm is very nicely improved and cultivated, and his barn and dwelling are among the best in the county. He is one of the self-made men of the county, and the property is the result of his own unassisted toil and good management, as he was obliged to go in debt for his first purchase. In the fall of 1875 Mrs. Staggs visited her former home and parents in Ohio; and in the fall of 1882 Mr. and Mrs. Staggs were both back and visited relatives and friends. He is a Republican, and cast his first vote for Lincoln in 1860. They are both members of the Methodist Episcopal Church; have had ten children, eight of whom are now living: Henry B. (of Kansas), Mary C, William M. (of Kansas), Ella E. (wife of Theophilus Phillips, of Appanoose County, Iowa), John W., Anna B., Jesse E. and Addison E. David B. Statton, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Hamp- shire County, Va., December 18, 1834, and is a son of Jacob and Margaret (High) Statton, who were of English descent. The father was born in Virginia. Jacob Statton grew to manhood in his native State, and was there united in marriage to Miss Margaret High, a native of that State. Mr. Statton remained in Hampshire County until his death in 1856. He served during the War of 1812 as teamster. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Hampshire County on the farm. In 1857 he came to Missouri, and settled in Putnam County, in the section where PUTNAM COUNTY. 1109 he now resides. He was accompanied by his mother who kept house for him several years, and who died in the spring of 1878. Mr. Statton was married, in Putnam County, in June, 1858, to Miss Celemma Thompson, a daughter of Jackson Thompson, of St. John, who came to the county from West Virginia during its early history. Mrs. Statton was born in Indiana, and reared in that State and Virginia. She is the mother of nine children: Minta (wife of Lafayette McKee, of Iowa), David E., George, Tessie, Maggie, Frank, Katie, Orie and Burlie. Mr. Statton is a well-to-do farmer and stock raiser, having 960 acres of meadow, plow and blue-grass pasture land, all fenced, and is living in a good house surrounded by comfortable outbuildings and a nice orchard. He had about 200 acres of land in grain this season, and keeps about 200 head of stock. Mr. and Mrs. Statton are both united with the United Brethren Church, of which the former is a minister. He was ordained in 1858, although he began to preach in 1855. During 1858-59 he traveled as a circuit preacher. In 1866 and 1867 he traveled as elder of the United Brethren Church, but since that has acted only in a local capacity. He is a highly honored and conscientious gentleman, and one of the most popular men in the vicinity in which he lives. George N. Stille, editor of the Unionville Republican, is a native of Clermont County, Ohio, and was born on April 26, 1857, three years later being brought by his parents to Putnam County, Mo., where they located in Unionville, in 1860. Here our subject has since resided save two years, from 1884 to 1886, spent in Milan. At the age of twelve he began working in the Eepublican office, where he remained until 1881, when he served two terms as sheriff, being elected in 1880, and again in 1882. In May, 1884, he purchased the Milan Republican, tak- ing charge of that paper, and conducting it until December 13, 1886, when he sold it, and returned to Unionville, and February 12, 1887, purchased the Unionville Republican, which he has since edited. June 15, 1881, he was united in marriage to Hattie E. Loring, a native of Mount Pleasant, Iowa. Mr. Stille is an Odd Fellow, which order he joined in October, 1879, and has also been a member of ihe Encampment. He is one of the enterprising and public-spirited men of the town, and a journalist of extra- ordinary ability. His father, Joseph E. Stille, was born in Brown County, Ohio, and reared in that and Clermont County, Ohio, by Dr. McLain, his parents having died in his infancy. He gradu- ated in medicine in Cincinnati, and was married, at Bethel, Ohio, to Amanda M. Bradwell, a native of Clermont County, Ohio. He practiced his profegsiQH i^intil the war, and then enlisted in Com- 1110 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. pany E, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, serving as surgeon part of the time, and afterward was made first lieutenant. He died from the effects of a wound received at the battle of Shiloh, Octo- ber 2, 1868. The mother still resides in Unionville, and our sub- ject is one of a family of six sons and two daughters, two sons and two daughters living. E. M. Strauser was born in Northumberland County, Penn. (then Armstrong County), and is a son of David and Ellen (Sol- ady) Strauser, natives of Eastern Pennsylvania. His father was married four times. After the death of his first wife, in 1847, he married Miss Elizabeth Troutman, by whom three children were born. This lady died in 1866, and he then married Mrs. Lankard, who bore him three children. After her death, in 1860, he was united in marriage to Mrs. Motter (Fanny Bailey). Mr. and Mrs. Strauser are now living in Jefferson County, Penn., he being seventy years of age. His father, Jacob Strauser, was born near Philadelphia, Penn. E. M. Strauser moved to Louisa County, Iowa, in 1857, and in the spring of 1865 came to Put- nam County, where he has since lived. He was educated in the common schools of Pennsylvania, and when sixteen years old began life upon his own responsibility, and is now a well-to-do and prosperous citizen, owning 622 acres of land besides town property, which he possesses elsewhere. During his youth he learned the blacksmith's trade, which he followed to some extent until the fall of 1866. He also conducted a dry goods' store in Newtown for five months, and then engaged in the hardware and the harness business for fifteen and seven years, respectively. He is now interested in the lumber business in Newtown, in con- nection with his farming. April 7, 1861, he married Miss Lucy Williams, daughter of G. B. Williams and Mary (Hall) Will- iams, natives of Indiana. To this union nine children have been born: Gamalia W., Mary J., Alice, David Z., Augusta, Lizzie, Jalia, Elijah and Clinia. Mr. and Mrs. Strauser are both iden- tified with the Christian Church. Mr. Strauser is a Bepublican, and has served his township as notary public four years, and in the spring of 1887 was elected justice of the peace. He is a member of the Blue Lodge, No. 190, A. F. & A. M, in Masonry. Jonathan D. Summers was born in Eandolph County, Mo., September 20, 1832. His father, Isaac Summers, was born in Virginia, in 1801, and accompanied his father, Simeon Summers, to Kentucky, in 1802. Simeon was an early settler of Kentucky, who moved to Indiana in 1814, and there spent his last days. Isaac grew to manhood in Indiana, and was there married to Rachel Cozad, who was born near Dayton, Ohio. Isaac moved from Indiana to Illinois, and- from the latter State to Kandolpl; PUTNAM COUNTY. 1111 County, Mo., about 1831. He moved from there to Macon County, and from there to Putnam County, in the fall of 1840, entering the land upon which J. D. now resides, which he improved and upon which he died in 1859. Of a family of four children, J. D. and his sister, Mary M., wife of Henry Johnson, of Putnam County, are the only survivors. Our subject came with his father to Putnam County when eight years old, at a time when Indians and wild animals inhabited the country. Here he arrived at maturity and was married three times, the first two ceremonies having been performed in Unionville. August 29, 1860, he was married to Catherine, daughter of Crawford Odam, and a native of Illinois, by whom he has had four sons and two daughters. One daughter was born to his second marriage. He is the father of the following named children: Martha (widow of Joseph Denslow), Maryetta (wife of James A. McKinley, of Put- nam County), Simeon P., Ettie M., Jonathan D., Crawford O. and Benjamin C. Mr. Summers' first wife was Cavy M. Weather- ford, to whom he was married February 14, 1856, and who only lived a short time ; the second wife was Martha Smith, daughter of Dr. Smith, of Iowa, to whom be was married December 24, 1857, and who died December 11, 1858. Mr. Summers sold goods in his neighborhood for one year, about 1856, and then moved his stock to Unionville, where he kept a general store until 1865. He was reared a Whig, but is now a Democrat, although he voted for both Lincoln and Grant. While in Unionville he served as postmaster from 1859 until the fall of 1864. He is now the owner of 360 acres of land, 200 fenced and well-improved, and lives in a comfortable residence, near which is an orchard of 400 apple bearing trees. He has been a member of the Masonic lodge at Hartford for about fifteen years, and himself and wife are Adventists. L. D. Thomas, dentist, was born in La Salle County, III, in 1857, and in 1869 accompanied his parents to Putnam County, locating on a farm in Medicine Township, and in 1877 began the study of dentistry under Mr. Fox, at Milan, with whom he re- mained two years, and then practiced in the western part of Put- nam County until June, 1885, when' he located at Unionville. His office was first in the Marshall Bank Building, but in the fall of 1887 he removed to his present office over Harkins Hart Company store. He can be found at his office in Unionville the latter half of each month, but the rest of his time is spent in the western part of the county and in Iowa. His father was born in New London County, Conn., March 19, 1822, and after the age of two until he reached maturity lived in Wayne County, Penn., where he learned the wagon trade with his father, and 1112 BIOGllAPHICAL APPENDIX. also taught school during his early manhood, having been an attendant at the Bethany High School, Penn., for three years. In 1844 he located at Lowell, 111., where he worked at his trade and taught school. In January, 1850, he married Sarah Gushing, who died two years later ; this lady was a niece of Gen. Pratt, of Missouri. After her death Mr. Thomas studied medicine. In the fall of 1854 he married Nancy Reed, a native of Ohio, and to this union three sons and one daughter were born, our subject being the second child. The others are Charles C, F. F. and Lucy. Alfred, the paternal grandfather, lived the most of his life in Wayne County, Penn., and died in Linn County, Iowa. Burrell B. Thompson, farmer and stock raiser of Sherman Township, was born in Barbour County, Va., September 13, 1833, and is a son of S. J. and Jane (Booth) Thompson, also natives of Virginia. In about 1839 the family moved to Ohio, and the following year to Indiana, where they located in Cass County and resided for seven years. They then returned to and lived in Barbour County, Va., for several years, and in the fall of 1849 went to Illinois. After remaining in Whiteside County, of that State, about three years, they immigrated to Missouri, and located in 1852 in St. John Township, Putnam County, where the father still resides. Our subject grew to manhood in Virginia and Indiana, and in 1852 located in Putnam County. Here he was married, in August, 1853, to Miss Catherine E. Daniels, daughter of William Daniels, formerly of Virginia. Mrs. Thompson was born in Marion County, Ohio, and reared in Vir- ginia. After his marriage Mr. Thompson improved a farm in Sherman Township, which is in the northern part of Putnam County. Some three years later he moved to the west of St. John Township and improved a farm there, which he afterward sold, and then moved upon his present location. He now has a well-improved place, with 210 acres in the homestead, all fenced, and about 130 acres in meadow and plow land. Their union has been blessed with only one son — ^Marshall Thompson — who mar- ried Melissa Skipper, and has an eighty-acre farm adjoining that of his father's. He is a young man of good character and is well situated in a comfortable house, and has a fairly improved home place. Mr. and Mrs. B. B. Thompson are members of the Meth- odist Church of St. John. Edward Titus was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., in 1827; and is the eldest child of Obadiah and Mary (Townsend) Titus, natives of New York State. Mr. Titus was a prominent man in his county, serving as judge of the county court, and sheriff of Dutchess County, N. Y., and in 1836 was elected to Congress, serving one year. He was a soldier in th^ War of 1812 foj PUTNAM COUNTY. 1113 three months, and commanded a company of State militia. He was of Welsh-English, and his wife of English descent. His parents, Samuel and Euth (Titus) Titus, were natives of Dutchess County and Long Island, N. Y., respectively. The mother was a daughter of George and Phoebe (Willett) Town- send, natives of New York. Her grandfather, George Townsend, was a stanch Whig, and during the Revolution served on a prison ship. Edward Titus, the subject of this sketch, moved to Put- nam County, Mo., in January, 1872, where he has since resided. He received a good academical education, and passed his youth upon a farm. Farming has been his life occupation, with the exception of five years, during which he was employed in the New York Custom House, engaged in the manufacture of butter and cheese, and served in the war. He enlisted in the fall of 1861 in Company H, Sixth New York Cavalry, officiating as second lieutenant. He afterward served in Company A, in the same capacity, but p,fter being transferred to Company I was made captain. He was wounded at the battle of Winchester on Opequah Creek, and January 16, 1865, was discharged at Annapolis, Md., on account of disability. In January, 1862, he married Rachel Spielman, a native of New York, by whom he has had six children: Catherine, Mary, Maud, Percy (deceased), Jessie and Floyd. He is a Royal Arch Mason, and a Knight Templar, and has served his township as justice of the peace four years. Benjamin F. Todd, farmer and stock raiser, of Section 33, Jackson Township, Post-office, West Liberty, was born in Pulaski County, Ky., March 30, 1823, and is a son of Thomas and Mary (Vanhook) Todd, also natives of Kentucky. The family moved to Sangamon County, 111., about 1851, locating near Springfield, where the father died about 1866. Benjamin F. Todd spent his youth in Kentucky upon the farm. He was married in Lincoln County, in 1850, to Miss Julia Ann Bowman, a native of Rock Castle County, Ky., and after his marriage farmed there about three years. In 1853 he went to Christian County, 111., and after a year's residence moved to Sangamon County, where he farmed about ten years. He sold out in 1864, and sought a home in Missouri, farming first two years in Scotland County. He then sold out and returned to Sangamon County, 111., and two years later sold again, and went to Marshall County, Iowa. In 1871 he located in Putnam County, Mo., and bought 120 acres of raw land, which he proceeded to cultivate. He now owns 205 acres, 160 in the home place, forty in another tract and five in timber land. He has a nice one-and-a-half story house, etc., and a good bearing orchard of about 150 select apple trees, 70 1114 BIOGEAPHIOAL APPENDIX. Mr. Todd lost his first wife in 1864. Of this marriage there are three living children: Leander, married; Julia, wife of "William Francisco, of Kansas, and Alice, wife of David Tompkins. Three children died — one at the age of two, Belle aged eight, and James aged twelve. June 4, 1864, Mr. Todd married Miss Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of William Martin McClain, of Scot- land County, Mo. This lady was born in Galena, 111., and reared in Scotland County. To her and our subject ten children have been born. The eldest, Benjamin F., died July 13, 1886, aged twenty; Sallie, wife of John Mowry; Hattie J., Charles W., William B., Eollie B., Harlie M., Lucy Blanche, Daisy E. and Fronie C. Mr. Todd is a Kepublican, but has never sought nor wished to obtain political prominence. Himself, wife and a daughter, Hattie, are members of the Christian Church. J. C. Triplett was born in Monroe County, Mo., in 1839, moved to Sullivan County with his parents when a small boy, and from there came to Putnam County in the fall of 1853, where he has since resided. When of age he began life as a day laborer, soon accumulated a little money, and upon the death of his father inherited forty acres of land and $600 in money; the balance of his property is mostly the result of his own labor and business ability. He has a finely improved farm of 440 acres, upon which he resides (forty acres of which belonged to his wife at their marriage), and is considered one of the respected and well- to-do farmers of the township. In 1862 he enlisted in Company D, First Missouri State Militia Cavalry, and served in 1861 as a home guard. He was first appointed corporal, but for his efiioient service was afterward made sergeant, which office he held until March 11, 1865, when he was mustered out at Warrensburg, Mo. He was wounded by Price's men at Castle Eock, in October, 1864. October 8, 1866, he married Miss Nancy Shelton, daugh- ter of John and Frances (Mason) Shelton, the former of Ten- nessee, and the latter a native of Virginia. They were reared in Kentucky, moving to Putnam County, Mo., in the spring of 1850. To Mr. and Mrs. Triplett six children have been born : Julia F. , Ulysses L., John W., Viola E,, Daisy L. and James O. Mr. Triplett is a Kepublican in politics, and is a member of the G. A. R. He is the third child of five born to James and Frances (Crutoher) Triplett, natives of Virginia, who were reared in Ken- tucky. They were of Irish and Dutch descent, respectively, and the father served as assessor of Monroe Cqjinty, Mo., and repre- sented Putnam County in the Legislature one term. Mr. Trip- lett's first wife was Miss Nancy Lidick, by whom three children were born. Mrs. Frances Triplett was a daughter of Charles Crutcher, an early settler of Monroe County, Mo, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1115 Leander Todd was born October 29, 1854, in Eock Castle County, Ky., and is the second child born to Benjamin F. and Julia A. (Bowman) Todd, natives of the same county and State. The former was of Irish and the latter of German descent. The father was a successful man, being considered one of the best farm- ers in his county. Mr. Todd died in February, 1866, and the fall of the following year Mr. Todd married Miss Sarah McLain, by whom he has had nine children. Both are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Todd is a stanch Eepublican in politics. His father, Thomas Todd, was a native of Kentucky. Leander Todd was taken by his parents to Sangamon County, 111., when a year old, and eight years later moved to Scotland County, Mo. He afterward returned to Sangamon County, then went to Marshall County, Iowa, and in 1871 came to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. He received a common-school education in Sangamon County, 111., and in the State of Iowa, and when eighteen years old began life on his own account. As the result of economy and good management he now owns 444 acres of well improved and cultivated land, and is one of the successful farmer citizens of the township. In 1876 he wedded Miss Maggie Morehead, by whom he had one child — Isadora. Mrs. Todd died in 1880, and in March of the following year he married Miss Sallie Howe. To this union three children have been born: Nellie, Walter M. and Frank. Mr. Todd is a member of the Christian Church. He is a member of the Eepublican party, and belongs to the I. O. O. F. James Turner, one of the largest and most enterprising mer- chants of Northeast Missouri, was born in Salisbury, Wiltshire County, England, in 1839, and at the age of sixteen immigrated to Canada, where he remained three years, then removing to Mc- Lean County, 111., and, after a year's residence there, moved to Louisa County, Iowa. At the commencement of the war he went to Burlington and enlisted in the Sixth Iowa Infantry, with which he remained until the close of the war, being mustered out at Davenport, Iowa, as captain of Company I. After returning from the war he went to Wapello, Iowa, and engaged in the gro- cery business for four years, and then accepted a position in the mail service on the Burlington, Cedar Eapids & Northern Eail- road, but resigned in two years and opened supply stores at Unionville, Mo., and Moulton and Cincinnati, Iowa, all on the line of the Chicago, Burlington & Kansas City Eailroad, then in the course of construction. After the completion of the railroad he only continued to conduct the store at Unionville, which he soon made one of the most popular stores in Northeast Missouri. In 1873 Ije built the main part of his present store, a handsome two- 1116 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. story brick structure, 24x120 feet, which is a model in all depart- ments. Ten men are constantly employed in his store to supply the demands of his continually increasing trade. Besides superintending his business in the store Mr. Turner buys and ships large quantities of grain. In 1866 he was united in mar- riage to Sarah E. Stewart, a native of Ohio, and is now the father of two children: Daisy and Nellie. Mr. Turner is a mem- ber of the orders of I. O. O. F., A. O. U. W. and G. A. E., and is a strong temperance advocate. Both the maternal and pater- nal grandfathers of our subject were Methodist ministers, and lived and died in England. The father, William Turner, was born in the same county as James, and there married Anna Willett, afterward immigrating to Canada in 1854, and is now residing at Burlington, Iowa. Mr. Turner is the second of twelve children — four sons and eight daughters — born to this union. Two sons and four daughters reached maturity, and are still living. J. P. Vandevort was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1814, and is a son of James and Each el (Peters) Vandevort, natives of Virginia. The father served in the War of 1812, as sergeant of his company, and was a son of Charles Vandevort, a native of New Jersey, and a soldier in the Eevolutionary War. The mother was a son of John Peters, a native of Pennsylvania, and a soldier in the Eevolutionary War. Mr. and Mrs. Vandevort were of English and Dutch descent, respectively. J. P. Vande- vort remained in his native county until about 1839, when he went to Morgan County, 111., a year later removing to Louisa County, Iowa. About 1855 he came to Putnam County, where he has since resided. He has devoted his attention to farming since his boyhood, and at the age of twenty began life for him- self. By good management and industry he has amassed a com- fortable competence, and is the owner of 180 acres of good land, under good cultivation. In 1837 he married Miss Sophia Beck, a native of Pike County, Ohio, by whom five children have been born — James Milton, William Asberry, John C, Elizabeth and Phoebe. Mr. Vandevort lost his first wife in 1849, and in 1853 was married to Mrs. Adaline Snyder, whose maiden name was Eitew. This lady was born in Lancaster County, Penn., and is the mother of the following children : Winfield Scott, George E., Albert, Addie and Jane. Mr. and Mrs. Vandevort belong to no church, but sympathize with the doctrines of the Universal- ist and Methodist Churches, respectively. Mr. Vandevort is always interested in the welfare of his county and country, and during the late war served in Company I, Third State Militia Cavalry, from 1862 until the fall of 1868, when he was wounded PUTNAM COUNTY. 1117 in a severe skirmish at Newtonia, and returned home. He is a Republican, and, although he has served his township in various official capacities, is no aspirant for political honors. S. B. Walton, jeweler and silversmith of Unionville, was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1852, and is one of six sons and two daughters born to Ira D. and Cynthia (Alexander) Walton, natives of Ohio and Indiana, who now reside at Bloomiield, Iowa. All the children were reared to maturity, but one brother is now deceased. Our subject learned his trade at Bloomiield, Iowa, and in 1877 went to Hutchinson, Kas, where he opened a stock of jeweler's goods and remained three years. He then returned to Bloomfield and from there went to Unionville in 1880. He first located on the south side of the square, and afterward on the west side, where he was burned out in 1882. He was then, for a year and a half, on the northwest corner of the square, on the west side of the street, and in the fall of 1884 formed a partner- ship with E. N. Monroe, the druggist, in whose room he has since carried a fine stock of silver tableware, jewelry, gold and silver watches, clocks, diamonds, etc., his stock being valued at about $4,000. His stock is well assorted and very complete, and would be of credit to a town five times larger than Unionville. In the fall of 1877 Mr. Walton was married to Neatie Goss, a native of Jackson County, Ind. George W. Warren was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, October 11, 1828, and is a son of Levi and Mary (Dacon) War- ren, natives of Ohio and New York, respectively. They moved to Illinois in 1835 and settled in McDonough County, where the father entered land and improved a farm near McComb. After a number of years the family moved to Mercer County, and from there, in 1879, to Keokuk, where the father died the same year. G. W. Warren arrived at maturity in McDonough County, 111., upon the farm, and was married in that county September 9, 1856, to Mary Jane Yard, daughter of Job and Frances Yard, of McDonough County, formerly of England. Mrs. Warren was born on the Mississippi Eiver while her parents were on the trip west. After his marriage Mr. Warren farmed in McDonough County until he came to Missouri, in May, 1886. He then bought 220 acres of land where he now resides, to which he has added, and he is now the owner of 280 acres, 200 well cultivated and improved. He lives in a good one-and-a-half story house, and has a nice orchard of 300 trees. There are eight children in his family: Ida A., Amy B., Byron, Effie, Job, Olive C, Mary Theodosia and Nora L. One child, Fannie E., died in early childhood. Mr. and Mrs. Warren and his family, with the exception of the youngest child, are members of the Christian 1118 BIOGEAPHIOAL APPEUDIX. Church. In 1852 Mr. Warren made a trip to California. There were 200 men in the company, and sixty teams, of which Mr. Warren was made captain, and W. E. Packet, of St. Louis, first^ captain. The trip was made overland, the company starting in April, 1852, and landing in Portland, Ore., six months later. California was reached in the spring of 1853. The second night after they left Council Bluffs they were attacked by a tribe of Pawnee Indians and succeeded in killing the chief, his son and sixty others. But two of their men were wounded. They were afterward attacked twice by different bands, but escaped both times without the loss of a man. Mr. Warren remained in Rogue Kiver Valley, Cal., engaged in mining, freighting and fighting the Indians until 1858, returning home via Aspinwall, Panama and New York. He reached home July 3, 1856. H. S. Wells was born April 28, 1836, in Tioga County, N.T., and is a son of George Wells and Lucy B. (Stark) Wells, natives of Albany, N. Y., and Colchester, Conn. The father was born April 25, 1810, and both himself and wife are of English descent. The Wells family have descended from three brothers, who set- tled in Massachusetts at an early day, George Wells having descended from Stephen Wells, who was born in Lenox, Berk- shire Co., Mass., and was an early settler in Tioga County, N. Y. He later moved to Chautauqua County, of the same State, where he died. George Wells moved with his parents, Stephen and Lois (Hubbard) Wells, to Massachusetts, receiving his early education at the common schools of Massachusetts and New York. After living in various counties and States he came to Putnam County, Mo., in the spring of 1857, where he has since re'sided. He began life a poor man, but by industry and economy became the owner of a comfortable competency. In 1833 he married the mother of our immediate subject, who bore him six children: One who died in infancy; Henry S., Stephen L., George E. (deceased while in service during the war), Lucy M. and Charles H. Mrs. Wells died in 1881. Mr. Wells was an influential man in his county, and at one time was a Republican candidate for State senator, his opponent being Col. Pratt, also a Republican nominee, who was elected by a few votes. Mr. Wells, however, served his township in several official capacities, such as justice of the peace, for several years. He was ordained a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church at York Township, in 1860, and was one of the pioneer members of that church in the locality where he now lives. H. S. Wells, whose name heads this sketch, accompanied his parents to Chautauqua County, N. Y., in 1841; to Steuben County, N. Y., in 1850; to Jackson and Clinton Counties, Iowa, in 1854, and in 1857 to Putnam County, where tTJTNAM COUNTY. Ill9 he settled within 100 rods of his present residence. His youth was spent upon the farm, and in a general store, his education being received at the public schools of Chautauqua County and at the Addison Academy, while in Steuben County, N. Y. When of age he started in life for himself a poor man, but now owns a nicely improved farm of 300 acres, well stocked and equipped for farming. In 1868 he married Miss Nancy Owens, daughter of James Owens, who settled in Putnam County in 1849. To Mr. and Mrs. Wells have been born James O., George B., Lucy M., Susan M., Henry H., Fannie I., Esther E. and Stephen C. Mrs. Wells is a faithful member of the Methodist Protestant Church. In politics Mr. Wells is a Kepublican. In August, 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, serving four years, at different times, being corporal, sergeant and quar- termaster sergeant. He was mustered out of service July 18, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., but did not leave the ranks until he reached St. Louis, where he received his pay. Mr. and Mrs. Wells are both well respected citizens, and enjoy the good will of their neighbors and associates. James W. Wells, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Macon County, Mo., DecemlDer 10, 1836. His father, James Wells, was born near Wellsburg, Va., April 20, 1790, and moved with his father, Richard Wells, Jr., to Kentucky, when an infant, his father locating in Madison County. Richard Wells, Jr., was a son of Richard Wells, Sr., who was one of a family of twenty-four sons born to his parents. Richard Wells, Jr., was an early settler of Madison County, Ky., where he improved a farm and raised his family. Col. James W^ells came to Missouri at the age of twenty in 1810, and settled in St. Charles County, where he married Miss Polly Welldon in 1817, a native of the county and daughter of John Welldon, who was of German descent. He then moved to Randolph County, Mo., where he entered land and improved a farm. In 1834 he went to Macon County and in March, 1839, moved to Appanoose County, Iowa, locating on the south line of the State adjoining Schuyler County, and on the east bank of the Chariton River. He then built a saw and grist-mill which he began to operate in 18 14. He died at that place February 1, 1857. He was a soldier in the Black Hawk War and held a colonel's commission. For his services he received a land warrant and entered the land upon which his son James W. now lives. He was a prominent man in his county, holding several local offices, and served as probate judge of Appanoose County. He had a family of six sons and four daughters who grew to maturity, three sous aad oae daughter still living. J. W. was reared in Appanoose County in sight of his present residence, where he 1120 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. moved in rebruary,1864. He owns 800 acres of land, one-half being Chariton River bottom land and 600 acres well improved and cultivated. He has a nice new barn and an orchard of 1,900 trees. Mr. Wells was married, in Schuyler County, November 27, 1860, to Miss Theresa Ann, daughter of Simeon and Margaret Davis, formerly of Jefferson County, Ohio, where Mrs. Wells was born and reared. To this union seven children were born: Xenia A., a young lady, county teacher, Luzetta A. and Charles S., living; and four who died in early childhood and infancy. Mrs. Wells died No- vember 22, 1865. She was a member of the Christian Church, to which she united prior to her marriage. Mr. Wells has reared two nieces, Mary E. Anderson, a county teacher, and Phcebe Jane, who is at school qualifying herself for the position of a teacher. Mr. Wells is a member of the I. O. O. F., and in politics is a Re- publican. Elijah Wells was born in 1839 in Clark County, Ohio, moved to Lee County, Iowa, in 1849, and to Putnam County, Mo., in 1857, where he has since resided. His youth was passed upon a farm, and he received a common-school education in Lee County, Iowa. In 1859 he learned the blacksmith's trade at St. Joe, which he followed twelve years, after which time he gave his entire attention to agricultural pursuits. He is extensively interested in fine horses, owning a fine Percheron horse imported from France, one of the finest of that breed in the United States. He also owns a fine Morgan and Norman horse and two Jacks. His property is the result of his own unassisted toil, as he started out in life for himself with no capital when but nineteen years of age. His farm consists of 370 acres of well-stocked and cultivated land, and he is considered one of the successful farmers of. the vi- cinity in which he lives. In 1864 he married Miss Samantha F. Beaty, a native of Athens County, Ohio, and daughter of William and Elizabeth Beaty, also natives of that State. To Mr. and Mrs. Wells five children have been born: John, Nettie May, George, Alta and Vincent A. Mrs. Wells is a member of the Methodist Church. The former is a Democrat in politics, although he believes in vot- ing for the man and not the party. He is a Master Mason, and a member of the A. O. U. W. During the late war he served in the Missouri State Militia. He is the third of nine children born to Absalom and Mary (Garland) Wells, natives of Ross County, Ohio, who moved to Lee County, Iowa, in 1849, and to Putnam County, Mo., in 1857. They afterward went to Idaho, where Mr. Wells is living, at the age of seventy-seven. Mrs. Wells died in 1881, aged sixty-one. Mr. Wells is a son of Levi Wells, a pioneer settler of Ross County, Ohio. The parents of Mrs. Wells, David and Phcebe Garland, were natives of Ohio, and PUTNAM COUNTY. 1121 early settlers in Lee County, Iowa, where they died. Mr. Garland was a member of the convention which formed the constitution of the State, and a representative of Lee County, in which he also held various official positions. A. J. and Joel Wells, farmers and stock raisers of Medicine Township, are sons of James H. and Victoria (Daniel) Wells, natives of Grrayson County, Tenn., and Kentucky, respectively. Mr. A. J. Wells was born in Adams County, 111., in 1851, and moved to Shelby County, Mo., in 1865, then back to Adams County in 1867, and in 1869 came to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided. He received a good common-school education during his youth, but has always engaged in agricult- ural pursuits. He began life a poor young man upon arriving at his majority, but by good management and industry has become a substantially fixed farmer. June 26, 1881, he married Miss Mary Elizabeth Campbell, daughter of Isaac and Harriet (Mills) Campbell, natives of Ohio. Three children have blessed this union, named as follows: Grace (deceased), James Thomas and Dandridge Mardonis. Mr. Wells is a Master Mason and a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F. In politics he is a Democrat. He was the sixth child born to his parents, only one of whom — the mother — -survives, and makes her home with her sons. The father died December 1, 1886, aged seventy-one. He was an act- ive politician in his county, and was elected by the Democratic party to fill several offices of honor and trust in his township and the county. He was a blacksmith by trade, but late in life devoted his entire time to farming and stock raising. His father, Bar- ney Wells, was a native of Tennessee, but in after years moved to Illinois, where he died at the age of eighty-three. He was one of the pioneer settlers of Grayson County, Tenn. Joel Wells, the second subject of this sketch, is the youngest child of a fam- ily of eleven, and was born September 15, 1864, in Adams County, 111. He accompanied his parents to Putnam County in 1869, and was reared upon a farm and has chosen farming for his life occu- pation ; he received a good common-school education at the schools of Putnam County, and although he began life for himself when but a young man has been very successful. His mother, Mrs. Victoria Wells, is a daughter of Vivian and Lucy (Hart) Daniel, natives of Virginia, who after their marriage moved to Kentucky with a family of four children, and later went to Adams County, III, where they died. Both Messrs. A. J. and Joel Wells are active and enterprising young farmer citizens, and enjoy the respect and esteem of the community. Their grandparents, Bar- ney and Anna Wells, were natives of Grayson County, Tenn., but afterward moved to Adams County, 111., where they passed ii22 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. the remainder of their lives. They were of English and Welsh descent. F. H. Wentworth, cashier of the National Bank of Unionville, was born in Maine in 1844, and brought to Iowa by his parents, who located at Oentreville. Qar subject was reared and educated there, and at the age of twenty accepted a clerkship in a drug store, and in 1870 came to Unionville and formed a partnership with Dr. J. G. Harb, and continued in the drug business with him several years, afterward purchasing the business which he still owns. March 4, 1862, he enlisted in the Seventeenth Iowa Infantry, serving in the same until the close of the war. He was in the battles of Corinth, luka. Mission Ridge, siege of Vicks- burg, etc., and was wounded at Jackson, Miss., and captured at Tilton, Gra., in October, 1864, and taken to Andersonville, where he was kept until the close of the war. In 1872 he married Abia McGowen, a native of Indiana, by whom three children, Orris, Orra and Stella, were born. Orra died September 1,4881. The Wentworths are of English origin, being descendants of William Wentworth, who came to America prior to the Revolutionary War, ahd from him are descended Thomas, our subject's grandfather, and Thomas, our subject's father, who was born in Maine and married in Illinois, where he taught school. He afterward moved to Iowa where he still lives at Oentreville. The mother, Frances Bddington, was a native of Kentucky, and died in 1854. Mr. Wentworth is one of a family of two sons and three daughters, two sons and two daughters reaching maturity. One brother, George, served through the war in the Sixth Iowa Infantry. Mr. Went- worth is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant. Noah S. West was born in Putnam County, December 13, 1842, and is a son of Samuel and Susan (Oldake) West, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio, respectively. The family moved to Missouri about 1839, where the father entered and improved land in Elm Township, Putnam County, where he has since resided, and where he ranks among the prominent citizens, and has held several offices of trust and honor. There was a family of three sons and four daughters who grew to maturity, and of these, three sons and two daughters are living. Noah S. is the fourth child, and spent his childhood and youth in Putnam County. July 27, 1861, he enlisted in Company D, Eighteenth Missouri Volunteer Infantry, as private, and was discharged a private July 18, 1865. He was one of the besiegers of Atlanta, and present at all of the engagements participated in by Sherman's men upon their march to the sea. He was in the grand review at Washington. After his discharge he returned to farm life tttTNAM COUNTY. 1123 in Putnam County, and was here married in the spring of 1867, to Mary Frances, daughter of Joseph Worthington, a native of Putnam County, whose father came from Kentucky. After his mar- riage Mr. West farmed in Elm Township until 1879, and then sold goods in Graysville for one and one-half years, after which he farmed until March, 1886. He then rented his farm, and en- gaged in the mercantile business upon his present location, where he carries a general stock of merchandise, and is doing well. He is a member of the G. A. E., and, as a Kepublican, has served as justice of the peace of Elm Township, and postmaster of Grays- ville during his residence there. His farm is located in Elm Township, and contains 160 acres, 120 being fenced, and 110 in meadow and plow land. The house is a one-and-a-half story frame, and is surrounded by an orchard of 100 apple trees and good outbuildings. Mrs. West died in the fall of 1882, and Mr. West afterward married Temperance Durbin, who is a worthy member of the United Brethren Church. The following are the children of Mr. West: Alvira, a county teacher, Essie I., Edward B., Zephyr M., Artie S., who died in March, 1887, aged nineteen, and one infant who died in the fall of 1872. H. H. Widner was born in Sevier County, Tenn., in 1840, and is the fifth child of twelve born to Henry and Celia (Dodson) Widner, natives of South Carolina, and, it is thought, Sevier County, Tenn., respectively. The father has been a faithful and earnest worker in the Methodist Church for many years. The maternal grandparents, William and Sarah (Eobeson) Dob- son, were natives of South Carolina. The grandmother died in Sevier County, Tenn., and her husband in Missouri. Sarah E. Widner was a daughter of Philip and Margaret (Clay) Johnson, natives of Moniteau County, Mo. Her father was a son of John and Sarah (Moore) Johnson, of North Carolina. Mr. Johnson was a soldier of the War of 1812, and Mrs. Johnson a daughter of Jeremiah Clay, a distant relative of Henry Clay. H. H. Wid- ner, the immediate subject of this sketch, when a child, was taken to Mercer County, Mo., and lived ihere until after his mar- riage, when he moved to Putnam County, of which he is still a resident. He was educated at the common schools of Mercer County, but farming has been his occupation since boyhood. When but a young man he began life as an independent farmer, and by unassisted labor has become the owner of 360 acres of good land. In 1866 he married Miss Eugenia Walker, who bore him one child, which died in infancy. Mrs. Widner died on April 25, 1867, and February 27, 1878, Mr. Widner married Mrs. Sarah E. Moore, nee Johnson. By her first marriage Mrs. Widner had one child, Virginia, wife of Robert Vincil. To her second mar- 1124 BIOGEAPHICAL AtPENDtX. riage the following children have been born: Alexander, Eugene (deceased), Linnura G., Henry O., Margaret B., Statia A. and Estelle. Mr. and Mrs. Widner are both worthy members of the Missionary Baptist Church, of which the former has been a dea- con for many years. In politics he is a Democrat, and during the late war he served in the State militia. Joseph "Williams, a prominent farmer and stock raiser, was born August 20, 1819, near Knoxville, Tenn., and when only a child was brought by his parents to Cooper County, Mo., and to Dodge (now Putnam) County, in 1849, where he has since resided. He was the ninth of a family of ten children, and the only son of James and Susan (Webb) Williams, natives of East Tennessee, and of English descent. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, in which he distinguished himself for physical strength, endurance and courage. Joseph Williams was reared upon the farm and has made farming and stock raising his sole occupation since the time he started to fight the battle of life for himself, at the age of twenty-one. He is a man of great energy, foresight and practical business ability, and has suc- ceeded in accumulating a handsome competency, being the owner of 1,300 acres of exceedingly well improved land, well stocked and equipped for his business in every way. Although he attended school during his youth but very little, he has acquired enough education to aid him materially in his business ventures. March 4, 1847, he married Miss Susanna Nelson, daughter of Madison and Nancy (Simmons) Nelson, natives of North Caro- lina, who started for Moniteau County (then Cole) when Mrs. Williams was but a year old. They arrived at their destination in but sad spirits, however, as on the way the father and husband was killed by a runaway team of horses. To Mr. and Mrs. Williams eight children have been born: Euth J., James W., Sarah H. (deceased), John R. (deceased), Nancy B., Mary L., Thomas Lee (deceased) and David A. Both Mr. and Mrs. Williams have been worthy conscientious members of the Bap- tist Church since early youth. In politics Mr. Williams is a Democrat, and as such was elected sheriff of Putnam County in 1856, serving a term of four years. In 1871 he scored a great success by being elected the tax collector by his party, in a county which had at tbat time 1,100 Republicam majority. He was obliged, however, on account of ill-health, to resign the office before the expiration of his term. During the war he com- manded a company in the State Militia. Mr. Williams is of a retiring disposition, and has never sought office himself, those he has filled being forced upon him by friends. He is a Master Mason, and has been one of the leading stobkholders in the Put- PUTNAM COUNTY. 1125 nam County Fair Association since its inception, being one of its directors, only becoming too aged. He is one of the most respected and honored citizens of the community in which he lives, and a good example of a self-made man. Philip B. Williams, farmer and stock raiser, was born in what is now Carroll County, Va., January 15, 1831, and is the son of Garet and Charity (Beamer) Williams, also natives of Virginia. The grandfather, Samuel Williams, was born in Wales, and was one of the early settlers of Virginia, where he spent his last days. Garet Williams moved from Virginia to Putnam County, Ind., in 1852. He remained there until 1863, and then located in Pike County, III, dying there in 1864. Philip B., the subject of this sketch, is the only son and third child of a family of seven, who grew to maturity. He was reared upon the farm in Carroll County, Va., and September 9, 1851, was married in North Carolina to Melinda Neugent, daughter of Jacob and Ehoda (Harrold) Neugent, of Carroll County, Va. Mrs. Williams was born in North Carolina, and is the mother of five children: Asberry P., married and a resident of Putnam County; Virginia I., wife of John Williams, of Ore- gon; Laura E., wife of John Farnsworth, of Appanoose County, Iowa; Hulda M., and Philip Temple, a lad of fifteen yeafs. Mr. and Mrs. Williams are Methodists in religion. After his marriage Mr. Williams remained in Carroll County a few months and then went to Putnam County, Ind., in the winter of 1851-52, where, for the first year or two he engaged in farming and worked on public works. In 1859 he moved to Iowa, and February 14, 1860, located upon his present farm in Putnam County, Mo. He at first bought sixty acres of slightly improved land on Shoal Creek, but now owns 160 acres of well cultivated land. In July, 1861, he enlisted in the Home Guards, and in August, 1862, in Company D, Twenty-seventh Missouri Infantry, serving until discharged at Washington, June 18, 1865. He was present at the siege and surrender of Vicksburg, the battles at Jonesboro, Atlanta, Mission Kidge and Lookout Mountain, and accompanied Sherman on his march to the sea. The fight at Bentonsville, N. C, was his last; he was present at the grand review at Washing- ton. Since returning home he has been devoted to agricultural pursuits. He is a Eepublican, and held the of&ce of township treasurer five years, with fidelity and zeal, and served for many years on the school board. He is the chaplain of the G. A. B. post at Omaha. S. E. Williams was born in 1840 in Madison County, Ind., and moved to Putnam County, Mo., in 1851, where he has since resided. He was educated and reared in Putnam County, and 1126 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. since boyhood has been engaged in farming. He began life for himself when eighteen years old. He inherited a little property, which he has increased by industry and good management, and is now the owner of 248 acres of well-improved and cultivated land. In 1859 he married Mary Jane Grreen, a native of Craw- ford County, Ind., and a daughter of Henry B. and Amy (Adams) Green, early settlers of Crawford County, Ind. The grandfather of Mrs. Williams, Henry Green, was one of the first settlers in Crawford County, and a soldier in the War of 1812. The union of Mr. and Mrs. Williams has been blessed with nine children: Amy Susie (wife of James Green), Martha Ellen (wife of John Green), Octavia I. (wife of H. P. Hill), Henry F., Mary K, Arthur A., Saul Granville, Anna May, and one who died unnamed. Mr. and Mrs. Williams are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and rank among the respected citizens of the county. Mr. Williams is a Republican, and a member of the G. A. E. He was the elder of two children (both living) of Zacha- riah and Susan (Eeger) Williams. During the Rebellion our subject enlisted, in March, 1865, in Company D, Fifty -first Mis- souri Infantry, and served until mustered out at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, in the fall of 1865. Zachariah Williams was born in Madison County, Ind., in March, 1846, and has been a resident of Putnam County since 1851. He began life upon his own responsibility at the age of eighteen, with little or nothing, but being of an enterprising dis- position, and possessing good business ability, he advanced step by step toward the goal of success, and is now the owner of 650 acres of good land, finely cultivated and well stocked. He was married, in April, 1868, to Miss Lydia Caroline Green, a native of Crawford County, Ind., who came to Putnam County, Mo., in 1858. She was a daughter of Henry Boland and Amy C. (Adams) Green, natives of Crawford County, Ind., and New York State, respectively, and of Irish and English descent, respect- ively. To Mr. and Mrs. Williams eight children have been born: John A., George E., Lorenzo Dow; Lura A., Wilber Grant, Susie A., Henry C. and Willard F. ' Mrs. Williams is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. Mr. Williams is Re[)ublican in politics, and during the war of the Rebellion enlisted in Company C, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, serving until the close of the war, when he was mustered out at St. Louis. He is the youngest and second child of Zachariah and Susan (Reger) Williams, natives of Madison County, Ind. The father was a successful farmer in that locality all his life. His father, Ralph Williams, was born in Yirginia, and one of the first farmer settlers of Madison County, Ind. The maternal PUTNAM COUNTY. 1127 grandfatlier of our subject, Saul Eeger, married Miss Dobson. He was a native of Virginia, and moved to Sullivan County, Mo., about 1858, where be passed the remainder of his days, although his death occurred while in St. Louis, under medical treatment. He was a minister of the gospel in the Methodist Episcopal Church, as was also Mr. Ralph Williams. A. J. Williams, county clerk, was born in Gallia County, Ohio, January 7, 1853, where he lived until about twenty-one years of age, when he came to Putnam County, Mo., locating in Grant Township, where he taught school for five years. He then interested himself exclusively in agricultural pursuits until the fall of 1882, at which time he was elected to his present office by the Republican party, and was afterward re-elected in the fall of 1886. April 9, 1876, he married Eliza E. Minear, daugh- ter of Rev. Alpheus, a United Brethren minister, and pioneer of Putnam County, who still resides in Grant Township. To them one son and two daughters have been born: William Ernest, Bertha L. and Maggie L. Mr. Williams belongs to the P. & A. M. and A. O. U. W. William Williams, Sr., the paternal grand- father, was born in Fairfax County, Va., September 17, 1757, and was a soldier in the Revolutionary War, serving in the Continental Regulars eighteen months, enduring many hardships and receiving no pay. He was in the battles of Camden and Guilford, and the siege of "Ninety-Six." In 1832 Congress passed a law which gave him a pension, but his death occurring August 23, 1832, he never received it. He was married, in Greenbrier County, W. Va., to Mary Watts, May 21, 1795. This lady was born in Maryland in 1776, and was a descendant of a Scottish family of the name of Watts. She died in 1860. Her husband died in Gallia County, Ohio, where he immigrated during the early history of the State. The father of our subject, William, was born in Greenbrier County, Va., December 8, 1808, and married in Ohio, September 11, 1834, to Lucinda Allison, a native of Gallia County, and born January 25, 1816, and still a resident of that county, where William died July 4, 1887. Three of their children died in infancy, but six sons and one daughter were reared to maturity; one son has since died. One son, James K., served in the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and two others, William H. and John H., were in the 100-days' service. The maternal grandfather, Allison, of A. J., was 'born in Virginia, served in the War of 1812, and died in. 1872 at the age of eighty years. The grandmother (Carter) Allison, was a native of Virginia, and in early childhood located opposite Mount Pleasant. Joseph Wood was born March 1, 1821, in Cocke County, 1128 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. Tenn., and is the twelfth child of a family of fourteen born to David and Euth (Fowler) Wood, natives of Pennsylvania and Cocke County, Tenn., respectively. Almost their entire lives were spent in Cocke County, Tenn. Mr. Wood was a son of Joseph Wood, a native of France, and his wife a native of Wales, and served some time in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Euth Wood was a daughter of Thomas Fowler, a native of Ireland, and also a soldier in the Eevolutionary War. He was a member of Gen. Washington's staff, and heard him deliver his famous address to the army. Mr. Fowler lived to the advanced age of ninety-eight, and Mr. Joseph Wood to the age of ninety-six. The subject of this sketch when fourteen years old went to the Unaka Mountains, where he herded and handled stock until arriving at his majority. He then immigrated to Linn (now Putnam) County, Mo., riding upon a pony the entire distance from Cocke County, Tenn., to the farm upon which he now resides. He attended school during his boyhood one or two months every winter after he was old enough to do so, until he reached the age of fourteen. His education was then suspended until he became of age, when he again attended school a few months. About that time he began life for himself, with no capital save energy, perseverance and business ability, to which qualities he is greatly indebted for his success in life. He is now one of the most respected and successful farmer citizens of the county, in which he is greatly interested. In the fall of 1846 he married Miss Elizabeth Johnson, a native of Moniteau County, Mo., by whom he has had nine children: Thomas N., two died unnamed, Julia A. (wife of Eobert Moore), William J., Julia F. (wife of Elijah Gregory), John L., David E. and Frank- lin P. Mrs. Wood is a faithful member of the United Brethren Church. Mr. Wood is a Democrat in politics, and has filled several township offices, although he has never sought political honors. T. N. Wood was born in 1847 in Putnam County (then Dodge), Mo., where he was reared and received a common-school education, which he has since improved by reading and observa- tion. He owns a splendidly improved farm upon which he resides of 600 acres, all well stocked and equipped in every way for farming and stock raising. He also owns land in other tracts in Putnam and Sullivan Counties. He inherited some of his property from his father, but the greater part is the result of his own energy and practical business ability. September 17, 1868, he married Miss Jerusha Harris, daughter of A. W. and Gabri- ella (Nelson) Harris, natives of Missouri and South Carolina, respectively. The mother's maiden name was Simmons. Mr, PUTNAM COUNTY. 1129 Harris is a prominent and wealthy citizen, and although he began life poor, by steady perseverance united with business ability has become the owner of property amounting in the aggregate to about $150,000. He served his county very efficiently many years as couiity judge, and is a respected and highly esteemed gentleman. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Wood two children have been born: Elizabeth Augusta (deceased) and Winnie Ollie. Mr. Wood is a Democrat in politics ; he is the oldest of seven children of Joseph and Elizabeth (Johnson) Wood, and is one of the enterprising citizens of Putnam County. W. J. Wood was born November 18, 1853, in Putnam County, Mo., where he- was reared and educated, and still lives. His education was received at the common schools of the county, and since he has been old enough to make himself useful around his father's farm he has been engaged in the fulfillment of the duties of a farmer's life. He inherited a little property, to which he has added from time to time until he now owns 980 acres of nicely improved land, well stocked with cattle and horses. Decem- ber 20, 1883, he was married to Miss Jennie E. Toakem, a native of Mercer County, Mo., and daughter of Cread and Rebecca Ellen (Morris) Toakem, natives of Virginia and Ohio, respect- ively. Mr. Yoakem came with his parents to Mercer County, Mo., when about ten years old, and Mrs. Toakem came to the same place with her parents when quite small. She died in 1872, and Mr. Toakem afterward married Miss Mary L. Williams. Two children were born to the first marriage and one to the last. When seventeen years of age he enlisted in the war, and after serving three years was discharged from the hospital at Springfield, Mo., on account of sickness. He began life a poor man; but succeeded in accumulating some little property only, however, to lose it later. He was a son of James R. and Huldah (Kirkendall) Toakem, natives of Virginia, who moved to Mer- cer County, Mo. Mr. Toakem died at the age of fifty-five, but his widow is still living and is the wife of Elijah Holmes. Mrs. Rebecca E. Toakem was a daughter of Joshua and Currant Happy (Arbuckle) Morris. To Mr. and Mrs. Wood two children have been born: Pearl and Bertha. Mr. Wood is a Democrat in poli- tics, and is the third child of seven born to Joseph and Elizabeth (Johnson) Wood. William Woodard, farmer and Short-horn dealer, was born in Bath County, Ky., July 29, 1837. His father. Turner Woodard, was a native of Old Virginia, and born in Fauquier County, in 1808. He accompanied his parents to Kentucky during his youth, and there grew to manhood, and was married in Bath County to Jlarinda Mitchell, a native of Kentucky. He farmed in Path 7( 1130 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. County until 1852, and then moved to Putnam County, Ind., where he resided for six years. In 1858 he moved to St. Clair County, Mo., and in 1861 moved to Putnam County, arriving in Decem- ber and settling in the neighborhood of where he now lives. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Kentucky and Indiana, learning the carpenter's trade in the last named State, where he engaged in manufacturing and dealing in furniture for two years. He came to Missouri with his father in 1858, and for three years made his home in St. Clair County. He preceded his father to Putnam County, Mo., in 1861, where he bought land. He engaged in mercantile pursuits at Mendota in the fall of 1863, where he sold goods about three years. In 1865 he helped build . the steam saw-mill, which has been kept busy every season since. During the years 1862-64, he served a great portion of the time in the Forty-second Missouri Mounted Infantry, organized for home protection. Mr. Woodard is a very successful farmer and stock raiser, being the owner of 300 acres of land, well-cultivated, upon which he has erected substantial buildings. He first became interested in fine stock in 1882, and now has a thoroughbred herd of twenty-five cattle, at the head of which is a bright red four-year-old animal, weighing '2, 200 pounds, that took the sweep- stake premium at the Unionville Fair of 1887 ; and has also taken other premiums. Another valuable animal is an imported and noted cow of the Cruikshank. family, from which he has raised some excellent stock. In April, 1873, Mr. Woodard married Miss Laura Dickerson, daughter of David Dickerson, of Putnam County, who formerly lived in Ohio. Mrs. Woodard was born in Morgan County, Ohio, and died in Putnam County, Mo., in 1876, leaving one son, Thomas J., fifteen years of age at present. Mr. Woodard is one of the enterprising business men of' his township, and is a director and stockholder in the National Bank at Unionville. He is a Master Mason, belonging to the Hart- ford Lodge, and is a highly respected citizen. Duty G. Woodruff, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Wash- ington County, Ohio, May 27, 1825, and is a son of Isaac Wood- ruff, who was born in New Jersey in 1786. He was one of the early settlers in Washington County, to which he accompanied his father, Abner Woodruff, who spent his last days there. Isaac Woodruff was united in marriage to Margaret Green, a native of Oonnecticutj and after his marriage lived until his death upon a farm he had purchased previously. He was a prominent man in his county, served as county commissioner, and was justice of the peace for over twenty-five years. Duty G. grew to manhood in his native county upon his father's farm, receiving his educa- tion at the common schools of the county, and completing same at an academy. At the age of eighteen he began to teach in PUTNAM COUNTY. 1131 Washington County, and in 1852 went west as far as Illinois, where he lived four years, teaching school during two winter seasons. In the spring of 1857 he went to Iowa, and spent some time in Keokuk, and Appanoose County, until the spring of 1861. August 9, of that year, he enlisted in the Seventh Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, Company A, and served until his discharge, October 11, 1864, at St. Louis, Mo. Among some of the important engage- ments in which he participated are Lone Jack, Mo., and Prairie Grove and Little Eock, Ark., where he was present at all the skirmishes in which his regiment took part. While at Little Eock he served on detached duty as hospital nurse for some time. After his discharge he lived in Appanoose County, Iowa, about four years, operating a saw and grist-mill in which he had iDought a one-half interest before joining the army. March 12, 1867, he married Miss Nancy C. Oooley, who was born near Ottumwa, Iowa, and reared in Appanoose County. In 1869 Mr. Wood- ruff moved to Putnam County, Mo., where he engaged in the mill business until 1872, then going to Kansas. Upon arriv- ing in that State he pre-empted land in Butler County, and engaged in farming until the fall of 1881, when he sold his prop- erty and returned to Putnam County. There he at first located near the mill he had once owned, and in March, 1886, moved upon his present farm, where he has since been devoted to farm- ing and stock raising. He owns 260 acres of land, 140 being in the home place, ninety of which are well improved and cultivated. He lives in a comfortable house, which is accompanied by good outbuildings and a fine orchard. Mr. Woodruff has not enjoyed good health since the war, as the exposure at that time developed erysipelas, from which he has lost the use of one eye. He is a man who is always interested in educational projects and has been a member of the school board for about seven years. Mr. and Mrs. Woodruff have been blessed with five children, named as follows: Initia, Charley E., John D,, Harry and Daisy. Woodford E. Worthington, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1854, and is the third of four chil- dren born to Dr. Joseph W. and Elvira (Sears) Worthingtoi/ The father was of Irish descent and born in Kentucky in 1812. When eighteen years old he accompanied his father, Edward Worthington, to Clark County, where he married Elizabeth Mitchell. His second wife was the mother of our subject, to whom he was married in 1848. She was born in Missouri, about 1827, and died in 1857, and the following year Mr. Worthington married Martha Eyals. In 1853 he went to Schuyler County, and in 1855 located on the Chariton Eiver, in Elm Township, Putnam County, where he died Deceml^er 4, 1873. When ?ibout 1132 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. forty years old he commenced the study of medicine, which he practiced with success, more or less, during the remainder of his life, in connection with his farming. When about forty-five years old he entered the ministry in the Missionary Baptist Church, and at the time of his death was interested in his minis- terial duties. He was a pioneer settler of the county, and built the first bridge in same which crossed Shoal Creek, at Old Put- namville, the county seat at that time. He was widely known and beloved in the county, on account of his strict integrity and genial temperament, and assisted largely in surveying Putnam Coanty, especially the eastern part. Woodford E. was reared at home, and during his early youth received a common-school edu- cation, but after his majority graduated from the Keokuk Bus- iness College in February, 1877. November 4, 1877, he married Mary Bell, daughter of Robert and Delila Holman, who bore him one child — Gurney Cecil. Mrs. Worthington died May 21, 1883, and November 4, 1883, Mr. Worthington married Miss Laura May, daughter of James G. and Nancy E. Thornburgh, of Union- ville, who has also borne one child — Homer B. He has since resided upon the old home place, of which he is part owner. He possesses 380 acres of land, twenty miles east of Unionville, and eight miles west of Queen City, making one of the best located and most valuable farms in the county. He has been interested in the cattle trade for ten years, but for about three years has been making a specialty of fine sheep, of which he has about 700 head. He is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for R. B. Hayes in 1876. He belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church, and his wife to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Capt. John Wyckoff was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1813, and is a son of Nicholas and Margaret (Tweed) Wyckoff, natives of Maryland. When young they were both brought by their parents to Ross County, Ohio, where they were reared, and in 1806 united in marriage. The mother died in 1823, and in 1826 Mr. Wyckoff married Susan Cradel. In 1827 he removed to War- ren County, Ind., now White County, and from there to Warren County, 111., in 1836. In 1841 he went to Wapello County, Iowa, and from there, in 1855, he went to Pottawatomie County, Kfis. H© was a farmer by occupation, a soldier in the War of 1812, and died in 1869. John Wyckoff, our immediate subject, received a common-school education during his younger days, and began life for himself at the age of seventeen, working as a farm hand until twenty years old. He was then engaged as a boatman on the Mississippi River four years, and in 1836 was married, in Illinois, to Miss Maria, daughter of Samuel and Nancy Merrill, and a native of Ross County, Ohio. This union was blessed with PUTNAM COUNTY. 1133 eleven children, all of whom are living: Oapt. George (of Appa- noose County, la.), Norman S., Dr. Norval, Nancy (wife of William Boner), Perry, Aria Adna (wife of William Stewart), Margaret (wife of George Porter), Eliza (widow of Elbert Dil- lon), Eachel (wife of David McKay), Amelia (wife of James McKinley, of Macon County) and Barbara. In about 1840 Capt. Wyckoff removed to Johnson County, Iowa, living there until 1856, when he came to Putnam County, Mo., and located in Union Township, eight miles north of Unionville. Here he owns a nice farm of. 226 acres, besides two other tracts, which make his possessions 311 acres in all, which is the result of a life of labor and good management. Upon the commencement of the Eebellion, being a strong Union sympathizer, Capt. Wyckoff, early in 1862, enlisted in Company D, First Missouri State Mili- tia Cavalry, of which he was made first lieutenant. In Septem- ber of the same year he was promoted to the captaincy, which office he held with credit and distinction until March, 1865. He was then transferred to Company A, consolidated battalion of the First Missouri Militia, and finally mustered out in July, 1865. He served in Southwest Missouri during the entire time. Four of his sons were also soldiers in the Union army. The eldest, George, was captain of Company D, Eighteenth Missouri, for three years; Norman S. served in the Thirteenth, Twenty-fifth and First Missouri Engineer Corps four years and two months; Norval was first lieutenant in the Forty-second Missouri Infantry ten months, and Perry joined the Eighty-fourth Illinois, and at the battle of Stone Kiver was captured and taken to Anderson- ville, and from there to Libby prison, where he was afteri^ard paroled and exchanged, and in June, 1863, rejoined his company. After being wounded at the battle of Chickamauga he was dis- charged and returned home, but in July, 1864, again enlisted in Company C, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, and served until 1865. Capt. John Wyckoil has served as county judge of Put- nam County two year's prior to the war, and the remainder of the time since. In 1882 he was elected to represent Putnam County in the State Legislature, and served one term. He was a faith- ful and earnest soldier, and the same qualities have distinguished his public career since. He was reared a Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Cass in 1848, but since the war has been an uncompromising Eepublican, Himself and wife are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and have had sev- enty-nine grandchildren, sixty-six of whom are living at present. N. S. Wyckoif was born April 25, 1840, in Iowa City, Iowa, and moved with his parents to Putnam County in 1856, where he has since resided. He received a common -sqhool education in 1134 ' BiOGEAPSlCAL APtfiNDlX. Iowa, and was reared upon a farm. He began life for himself at the age of nineteen with no capital but now owns 260 acres of well-improved and cultivated land, which is the result of a life of industry and toil. In 1861 he enlisted in Company A, Thirteenth Missouri Infantry, four months later joining the Twenty-fifth Missouri Infantry, and two years later served in the First Mis- souri Engineer Corps, serving as first lieutenant. He was mus- tered out of service July 28, 1865, at St. Louis. September 20, 1861, he was taken captive at Lexington, Mo., but was paroled two days later. May 3, 1866, he was united in marriage to Miss Angelia Albee, a native of Boston, Mass., and daughter of Moses D. and Emily (Greenaugh) Albee, natives of Maine and Massa- chusetts, respectively. To Mr. and Mrs. Wyckoff ten children have been born: Edward Lincoln, Emily M., Frank A., William O., Jerome P., Alva M., Alta May, Annie L., Ora Leon and Lora Lee (twins). Mr. and Mrs. Wyckoff are active members of the Mount Zion Church, and he is also trustee and clerk. In politics he is a Republican, and has served his township as clerk and treasurer of the board of education, and has also been county assessor. He is a member of the G. A. E., and one of the well- to-do and respected citizens of the county. He was the second of a family of eleven children born to John and Maria (Merrill) Wyckoff, natives- of Eoss County, Ohio. George W. Young, Sr., farmer of Elm Township, and a native of Washington County, Ky., was born in 1822. He is the eldest of eleven children of Jacob and Elizabeth (Stumph), Young, natives of North Carolina and Kentucky, respectively, who were married in Kentucky about 1818. In 1826 they went to Ealls County, and from there to Putnam County in 1840, where they spent the remainder of their lives. The father was a volunteer in the Black Hawk and Mexican Wars, and died in 1851. The mother died in 1867 and was a member of the Christian Church. George W. lived at- home with his parents during his youth, but on account of poor educational advantages offered by Ealls County, Mo., in that early day, received but a meager education. He accompanied his parents upon their removal to Putnam County, Mo., and in 1844 was married to Miss Eliza, daughter of Jesse and Nancy Trewhitt, and a native of Morgan County, Tenn. To this union thirteen children have been born, ten of whom are living: Eichard J., Lucinda (wife of J. T. Walls), George W., Sarah (widow of Wesley Vermillion), Andrew C, John A., Eachel E. (wife of David Sinkingbeard), William Shennan, Sheridan and Abraham Lincoln. Since his marriage Mr. Young, has made his home in Elm Township, Putnam County, with the exception of two years spent in Texas and three years in Arkan- PUTNAM COUNTY. 1135 sas. Since 1857 he has been the owner of his present farm which now consists of 207 acres, he having given his children about 700 acres. His property is the result of his own labor and business ability, and is situated twelve miles southeast of Union- ville. At the commencement of the Eebellion Mr. Young enlisted in Company E, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, and operated mostly in Northern Missouri. He served as corporal part of the time, and during the entire war did not receive a wound nor was he cap- tured. He is an early settler of Putnam County, and was well acquainted with Black Hawk, with whom he often hunted. He was a Whig before the war but has since become a Republican. His first presidential vote was cast for Clay in 1844. He is a member of the G. A. E. John Young was born August 24, 1834, in Wigtownshire, Scotland, and is the second child of William and Jeanette (Mc- Gau) Young, natives of the same place. The family emigrated to the United States in 1849, locating first in Beaver County, Penn. The mother died in Gallia, Ohio, and the father in Putnam County, Mo. He was a son of Thomas Young, a Scotchman who lived and died in his native land. The mother was a daughter of Nathan McGau, a Scotchman of great physical power, and consid- ered the stoutest man in his county. John Young accompanied his parents to the United States in 1849. In 1854 he went to Ashtabula, Ohio, where he served an apprenticeship of three years at the carpenter's trade. About 1859 he came to Putnam County, Mo., where he has since resided, and where he now owns and lives upon a finely improved farm of 860 acres, besides owning other tracts of land in the county. In 1861 he enlisted in Company A, Second Missouri State Militia, serving as corporal during the entire war. In 1863 he married Miss Rachel Fry, a native of Ohio, and of Pennsylvania-Dutch descent. Twelve children were born to this union : one who died in infancy, Frances Jeanette, Wilford, one who died unnamed, Jacob, William Thomas, Arthur, Melissa, George, Margaret, Rachel and Anna. Mrs. Young is an active member of the Christian Church. In politics Mr. Young is a Republican, and has served his township in various local official capacities, although he does not seek public notice. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity. 1136 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. SOHUTLER COUNTY. Dr. O. W. Avery, physician and surgeon, is a native of Pros- pect, Ohio, and was born in 1839. He is a son of Aaron F. and Elizabeth (Hoskins) Avery. The father was of English descent and born in Jersey City, in 1811. When a young man he went to Ohio where he was married, and about 1864 removed to Agency City, and in 1873 came to Queen City, Mo., where he engaged in the mercantile business and died in 1885. He was made captain of a company to enter the Mexican War, but while in camp at Columbus, peace was declared. The mother was born in Ohio in 1813, and died in Iowa in 1870. Both were members of the Christian Church. Our subject was reared at home and received a common-school education during his younger days. In 1858 he entered the American Eclectic Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio, from which he graduated in the medical course in 1861. He immediately began to practice at Essex, Ohio, and the next spring went to Montezuma, la., where he was married in 1862 to Miss Sarah, daughter of Samuel and Catherine Willey, formerly of Ohio, where Mrs. Avery was born. In 1862 he entered the United States Contract Surgery Service for a year, and then settled in Springfield, la., remaining until 1867, when he came to Schuy- ler County, and located at Queen City, where he soon established an extensive and lucrative practice and now ranks among the foremost of his fraternity. Since 1875 he has conducted a drug store in connection with his profession, and is one of the active business men, as well as a leading physician of the county. He is one of the oldest settlers of Queen City, and is the only resident of the city at the present time who resided there at the time of his location at the place. He is a Democrat and cast his first presidential vote for Douglas in 1860. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, a Knight of Pythias, and belongs to the G. A. E. William A. Barbee, merchant, was born October 20, 1845, in Marion County, Mo., and accompanied his parents to Scotland County, Mo., when a year old, and there grew to manhood. He began life for himself when twenty-five years old, and at the death of his father inherited $600, but the balance of his property is the result of his own labor and good management. He received a good education at the Kirksville State Normal SCHUYliEE COTJNfY. 113? and the Troy (Iowa) High School. He farmed until he engaged in the mercantile business at Killwinning, Mo. In February, 1876, he removed to Downing, and became a partner of Dr. Lane in the mercantile business, but in February, 1882, sold his interest to the Doctor, and then gave his attention to grain deal- ing, until April, 1884, when he built the block in which he is now doing business, and where he owns a stock of goods valued at about $7,000. He has a comfortable residence in Downing. June 27, 1880, he married Miss Francis A. Craig, daughter of George and Elizabeth (Dor man) Craig. To Mr. and Mrs. Bar- bee four children have been born: Frank E., Carrie, Claude (deceased) and Charles E. Mrs. Barbee is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Barbee is a Democrat in pol- itics, and is a Master Mason. He is the eldest of eleven chil- dren of Blias and Amanda (Terrill) Barbee, natives of Fauquier County, Va., and Garrard County, Ky., respectively. The father served as assessor of Scotland County, Mo., and was a son of Joseph and Annie (Harris) Barbee, natives of Virginia, where they lived and died. Mrs. Amanda Barbee was, a daughter of Eobert and Mary (Beazley) Terrill, natives of Kentucky, who settled in Marion County, Mo., about 1827. J. E. Blackwood, senior member of the firm of Blackwood and Hombs, is a son of Joseph and Kittie (Jones) Blackwood, who were married, and for many years resided in Kentucky. At an early day they settled in Marion County, Mo., where the father still lives; the mother died in 1852. The father is a car- penter by trade, and both himself and wife were united with the Presbyterian Church many years ago. J. B. is the youngest of six children, and was born January 12, 1852, in Marion County, Mo., and was but an infant at the time of his mother's death. His education was limited to the common schools of the country. Soon after arriving at maturity he engaged in the stock raising business with a cousin, but after two years embarked in the mer- cantile life in Hunnewell, Mo. He remained there a year, when he sold out and removed to Macon City, where he was employed by the firm of Goldsbury & Stephens. In 1882 he came to Glenwood and opened a general store in partnership with W. H. Sipple. Later he sold his interest and engaged in. the boot and shoe business at Canton, but in a year returned to Glenwood and became a member of the firm of Blackwood & Hombs, and is now one of the enterprising and prosperous merchants of Glenwood. In 1883 he was united in marriage to Miss Addie, daughter of Dr. T. W. Reed of Macon City, Mo. Mrs. Blackwood is a worthy member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically Mr. Blackwood is a Democrat, In Masonry he is a member of Greenwood Lodge, No. 427. 1138 BIOdEAPfllCAL APPElfDlX. L. D. Bowen, merchant at Julesburg, was born in Schuyler County, in 1856, and is a son of Levi and Maria (Zuck) Bowen. The father was of English descent, and a native of New Jersey. He was married in Ohio in 1837, and in 1850 removed to Lewis County, Mo., but six years later came to Schuyler County, and located near Queen City, where he has a fine farm, and enjoys the esteem of the community. Our subject was reared at home, and received a common-school education. He began life for him- self as a farm hand, and in 1882 he and his brother Elisha estab- lished a grocery store at Queen City, where L. D. filled the office of assistant postmaster. In December of the same year he removed to Julesburg, where he conducts a general store, and enjoys a flourishing trade. He is one of the active and prosper- ous business men of the town, and in 1883 was appointed post- master. January 3, 1885, Mr. Bowen was married to Miss For- rest Dove, daughter of James and Maria Bennett, early pioneers of Schuyler County. Mrs. Bowen is a native of Iowa. In poli- tics Mr. Bowen is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Grant. He is also a member of the K. of P. The first store in Julesburg was established in 1881 by Julius Ortmann, who conducted it until 1882. He was the first postmaster of the place, and the post-office was named in his honor. Henry H. Brenizer, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Prairie Township, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1837, and is a son of Jacob and Margaret (Griffith) Brenizer. The father was of Dutch ancestry, and born in Pennsylvania about 1792. He afterward went to Maryland, where he was -married in 1821, and nine years later removed to Delaware County, Ohio, (now Morrow County), where he spent the remainder of his life. His death occurred in 1869. The mother was born in Maryland, in 1803, and died in 1882, a member of the Baptist Church. Our subject received a common-school education while living at home, and in 1863 was married to Miss Frances, daughter of Merrick and Emeline Barr, a native of Zanesville, Ohio, by whom he has had six children, four living, viz.: Grant, Cicero, May and Avis. Mr. Brenizer came to Schuyler County immediately after his marriage, and purchased eighty acres of raw prairie land two miles east of Queen City, which he has since increased to 360 acres, 120 acres being situated just south of the town. The home farm is under a very high state of cultivation and improve- ment, the outbuildings being very fine. Mr. Brenizer is a self-made man, and his property is the natural result of frugality and industry. During the war he served a short time in the Mis- souri State Militia, and he is always interested in the general welfare and prosperity of the county. He is a member of the SOHU'JLEE COUNTY. 1189 Masonic fraternity, a Eepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln, in 1860. James E. Buford was born in Missouri, in 1853, and is now a well-to-do young farmer of Chariton Township, and owns 160 acres of good land, well cultivated and improved. In 1880 he married Eliza Lasley, a native of Schuyler County, and to that union two children have been born : Carrie and Marvin. In politics he is a Democrat, as are his brothers and father. His parents have been residents of Schuyler County forty-three years. Will- iam, the father, was born in Bedford County, Va., in 1822, and when young worked in the woolen factory of his father. When eighteen years of age he came to Schuyler County, Mo., and built a woolen mill for John Jones, which he at first managed, and afterward purchased. It was located one mile east of Tippe- canoe, and was the first woolen mill in the county. Mr. Buford also introduced the first reaper, mower, steam engine and sewing and knitting machines used in that region. He began life in Missouri with $6, which was all that remained of the money he received from a sale of a horse he rode from Virginia to St. Louis. He was an enterprising and industrious man, however, and at the time of the late war owned 4,500 acres of land, which the ravages of war swept from him. In 1849 he went to California, and from there to Nevada City, where he engaged in business, and built the first store of the town. He also successfully engaged in mining. In 1851 he returned home, and for several years sold goods in Lancaster and Glenwood. In 1843 he married Mary A. Jones, a daughter of John Jones, and born in Virginia, in 1828, and to them the following children were born: Henry, Mildred, Liza, James, Jane, Maryette, Don, William and Nellie. In 1861 Mr. Buford raised a regiment of 1,100 men, of whom he was elected colonel. While home visiting his family at one time he was taken prisoner, but was finally released upon giving a $22,000 bond to not engage further in the Rebellion. He also served some time as a recruiting officer. In 1867 he built the large woolen mill at Glenwood, and managed it for ten years. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity of the Eoyal Arch degree, and one of the oldest' and most respected citizens of the county. Charles W. Bunch, coanty clerk, is a native of Davis County, Iowa, and was born in 1851. His parents. Dr. David and Aditha (Walker) Bunch, are natives of Indiana. During his youth the father engaged in milling in Iowa, and removed to Davis County in 1850. During the war he began to study medicine, and attended the medical college at Keokuk, Iowa. In 1865 he came to Lancaster, Mo., and practiced until 1869, when he 1140 BIOGEAtaiCAL APPENDIX. returned to Davis County, Iowa, where lie has since resided, but on account of poor health has not been actively engaged at his profession. The mother was born in Indiana and is also living. Our subject is the fourth of twelve children and received his early education at the common schools. In the fall of 1865 he came to Schuyler County and worked on a farm, and afterward worked at the carpenter trade. He then clerked in a store at Lan- caster for six or seven years, and in 1877 began business on his own responsibility, but in 1878 was elected county treasurer of Schuyler County, and re-elected in 1880. During 1883 and 1884 he farmed, and in 1885 went into the drug and grocery business. In the fall of 1886 he was elected clerk of the county court by a majority of ninety votes. September 30, 1887, he mar- ried Miss Dora N. Brown, daughter of Jason W. and Eliza (DeOorse) Brown, whose respective births occurred in 1826, in Berkshire County, Mass., and 1835, at Wilmington, Del. Mrs. Bunch was born in Shelby County, 111., in 1854, and has borne our subject one son, Roy B. In politics Mr. Bunch is a Repub- lican, and cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant. His wife is a worthy member of the Christian Church. Charles Burkland, contractor and farmer, was born in Sweden June 14, 1851, and is a son of Andrew and Helen Barkland. The father was born in 1829 and died in 1878, and was a farmer by occupation. His wife was born in 1827 and is now a resi- dent of her native country. She is the mother of six children, of whom our subject is the' eldest. He was educated in Sweden and attended school from the age of seven to fifteen. When twenty years old he left the parental roof and emigrated to the United States, locating in Keokuk, Iowa. In January of the following year he began working on the Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska Railroad, laying track. In 1873 he became section foreman, and remained as such for ten years, locating in Lancaster in 1878. November 12, 1874, Mr. Burkland married Miss Christina Holstrand, who was born in Sweden in 1853, and came to America in 1873. By her he had three children, Fred Will- iam, Oscar, Leo Raymond and Charles Herbert. In 1879 Mr. Burkland bought 750 acres of land in Liberty Township, and since 1883 has spent his time in looking after his real estate and dealing in railroad ties, lumber and wood for the Keokuk and Western Railroad. He is a self-made man and his property is the result of his ability and industry. For the past two years he has been president of the Scandinavian Coal Company, and a director of the Schuyler Company Bank. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Hancock in 1880, and two years later was elected a member of the town SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1141 council of Lancaster. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. of the second degree, and himself and wife are members of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, of which he has been steward and trustee for seven years. George Bush, sheriff of Schuyler County, is a native of_ Bradford County, Penn., and was born in 1840. His father, Jonathan Bush, was of French and English descent, and born in Rhode Island in 1809, and was a carpenter and millwright by trade. When seventeen years old he went to Bradford County, Penn., and was married in 1839. In 1859 he immigrated to Schuyler County, Mo., and located in Independence Township. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate army, and served one year. In 1866 he moved to Howard County, Mo., where he died in 1884. His wife, Fannie (Beach) Bush, was of French descent, and was born in Bradford County, Penn., in 1821. She is now living in Howard County, Mo. Our subject was the oldest of six children, and accompanied his parents to Schuyler County in 1859. During his youth he was educated at the com- mon schools in Pennsylvania, and when becoming of age began life as a farmer. He served in the Southern army two years during the late war, and after that engaged in farming in Howard County. In 1872 he returned to Schuyler County, and farmed about ten years. From 1877 to 1884 he clerked in a general store at Downing, aiid was then elected sheriff of Schuy- ler County. He was re-elected in 1886, and is now efficiently and faithfully discharging the duties of that office. In Novem- ber, 1863, he wedded Mary (Pruner) Carroll, daughter of Christopher Carroll. This lady was born in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1842, and is the mother of nine children, seven of whom are living: Fannie (wife of Charles Peterson), Mary E. (now Mrs. Cox), Lina, Annie, Minnie, De Witt and Carroll. In poli- tics Mr. Bush is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for John C. Breckinridge in 1868. Jesse Carter, farmer and stock raiser, was born October 24, 1829, in Lincoln County, Ky., and moved to Schuyler County, October 12, 1849, where he has since resided, devoting his atten- tion to farming and stock raising, at which occupations he has been engaged since his boyhood. When twenty years of age he started out in life with but $5, and what he now owns is due to industry and perseverance, united with practical business ability. He now owns 430 acres of land, well stocked and improved, and is one of the prominent citizens of the county. In 1853 he was married to Malinda C. Brown, a native of North Carolina, and daughter of Benjamin and Charlotte Brown, natives of North Carolina. Mrs. Carter died July 7, 1855, and was the mother 1142 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. of one son — Benjamin. November 20, 1856, Mr. Carter was united to Miss Sarah Ann Munsell, a native of Miami County, Ohio, and daughter of Asa H. Munsell, a native of the same county. To this marriage eleven children have been born: Will- ,iam A., James T., Elizabeth J., Solomon L., Mary C, Peter E., Annie B. and Charles F. (twins), Jessie, John and Ward H. Mrs. Carter died March 3, 1874, and Mr. Carter was married, a third time, August 4, 1875, Miss Blzira W. Seamster becoming his wife. This lady is a daughter of Green B. and Sarah (Legrande) Seamster. To this union four children were born: Sarah M., Ella, Green and Emma. Mr. Carter is a mem- ber of the Christian Church, and is a Democrat in politics. He represented his county in the Legislature in 1872, and two years later was re-elected, and also in 1876. In 1860 he was elected county assessor, and served two years. He was the fourth of eight children, seven sons and one daughter, of Peter and Elizabeth (Nevin) Carter, natives of Virginia and Ireland, respectively. Mrs. Carter first came to the United States when twenty-four years old, and settled in Lincoln County, Ky., where she married Mr. Carter. Mr. Carter served as a soldier in one of the early Indian Wars. Judge Hawley Cone was born in January, 1825, in Muskin- gum County, Ohio, and was reared upon a farm. When seven- teen years old he went into the general merchandise and distill- ing business at Conesville, Coshocton Co., Ohio, and afterward at Adams Mills in Muskingum County, until about 1853, when he moved to Peoria, 111. He then went into the grain business with Mr. Schnebly, and in 1855 went to Davis County, Iowa, where he began to farm. In 1848 he was married to Miss Jennie David- son, daughter of Maj. Davidson, a native of Virginia, and who was among the early settlers upon the Muskingum Kiver. Two children blessed this union: Howard J. and Junius B. (deceased). Mrs. Cone died about 1852, and in 1855 Judge Cone married Miss Lois N. Eoss, daughter of Lyman Eoss, an early settler in Muskingum County, Ohio, where Mrs. Cone was born. Four chil- dren have been born to this marriage: Emma B. (deceased), Converse C. ( an M. D. ) , Mary E. and Jennie D. In politics the Judge is a Eepublican, and has served as county judge of Schuy- ler County very efficiently for two years, and has the honor of being elected on a Eepublican ticket in a very strong Democratic county. He is the second of seven children born to Jared and Eliza (Shoff) Cone, natives of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, respectively. They moved to Cadiz, Ohio, in 1816, then to Lick- ing County, and then to Muskingum County, settling upon a farm which has since been in the possession of members of the SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1143 Cone family. The mother of Judge Cone was the daughter of Philip Shoff, who was born in Carlisle, Penn., and settled in Guernsey County, Ohio, in 1804, where he lived and died. Judge Cone is a Wesleyan Methodist, and believes in the absolute necessity of being cleansed from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, and perfecting holiness in the fear of God. "With spirit- uous liquors and tobacco he pollutes not his mouth. He is a dear lover of children, and Sabbath-schools are his delight. Himself and wife are living alone upon a farm in moderate cir- cumstances. He has had his full share of life's misfortunes and ills, and is patiently waiting his allotted time when the last change shall come. William Cook, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Schuyler County in 1843, and has followed farming in his native county since his boyhood. He is the third of fourteen children born to Charles and Ann (Slightom) Cook, natives of England and Vir- ginia, respectively. The father came to the United States in 1837, when twenty-four years of age, and settled upon a farm in Schuyler County, Mo., where he died in January, 1887, at the age of seventy-four. The mother was a daughter of John J. Slightom. William Cook was reared by his parents, and in July, 1862, enlisted in Company G, Twenty-seventh Missouri Infantry, being mustered out at Louisville, Ky., in June, 1865. He began life a poor man, but is now a well-to-do citizen of Schuyler County, and owns a finely improved farm of 223 acres, which is well-stocked and equipped for farming. In 1867 he was united in marriage, to Miss Mary J. Lambert, daughter of James and Mary (Tingle) Lambert, natives of Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Cook have been blessed with eight children : Mary A. (deceased) , Oscar (deceased), Edward, Viola, Ida May, Charles, Oliver (deceased) and Bertha. Mrs. Cook is a member of the Baptist Church, and a well esteemed and worthy lady. Mr. Cook is a Eepublican, and one of the enterprising and energetic farmer citizens of the county. Judge Enoch Crim is a native of Clark County, Ky., and was born in 1827. His parents, John E. and Mildred (Sears) Crim, were both natives of the same county, and were born in 1806 and 1808, respectively. They were married, and lived in their native county until 1836, when they removed to Monroe County, Mo. After thirteen years' residence there they went to Lewis County, where they died in 1883 and 1879, respectively. Both were members of the Christian Church. The father was a farmer, and an ardent Democrat, and as such served as constable in Lewis County sixteen years. Enoch is the eldest of a family of nine children, and vas reared upon the farm. His early edu- 1144 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. cational advantages were very limited, his school life not exceed- ing a year, but by patient study and reading, by the light of a bark fire after his daily duties were discharged, he acquired a good practical business education. At the age of twenty he was engaged to drive a team of oxen to Santa Fe. He returned home in 1848, and was united in marriage to Nancy Peacher, a native of Howard County, Mo., born in 1832. To them eight children were born: Ann C, Margaret E., John A., Enoch W., Frank P. and Warren E. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Grim located in Monroe County, and in 1854 removed to Lewis County, Mo., where they remained but two years. They next located in Schuyler County, and settled upon the farm where they now reside, which contains 219 acres of fertile and well-cultivated land. Mr. Crim has now been a resident of Schuyler County, and lived in the same vicinity over thirty-one years. He is a successful farmer, and one of the best citizens of the county. He served as constable live years, and from 1874 to 1882 filled the office of probate judge, and for the last fourteen years has been a school director. In politics he is a Democrat, and himself and wife are worthy church members, he belonging to the Missionary Baptist Church, and she to the Christian. J. J. Daniels was born in Muscatine County, Iowa, in 1851, and is a son of Anthony and Nancy (Crosson) Daniels, natives of Virginia and Ohio, respectively. During the Mexican War the father was mustered in, and organized two or three com- panies. He also served in the late war as surgeon^ and was a son of Joseph Daniels, a native of France, who was married in that country, and came to the United States when about twenty- four years of age. The maternal grandfather of J. J. Daniels was a native of Ireland, who immigrated to the United States, and was married in Pennsylvania. The subject of this sketch moved to Schuyler County in 1855, and lived at various places during the six years following 1861, and in 1866 moved upon the farm where he has since resided. He has been a farmer since his youth, and his home place consists of sixty acres of nicely improved land, which he has accumulated through indus- try and good management. In 1878 he was married to Miss Nancy E., daughter of David and Louisa Griggs, natives of Hancock County, 111., and Bowling Green, Ky., respectively. Their parents, Leonard and Nancy (Thomas) Griggs, were born in Kentucky, and moved to Illinois, where the father died in 1875. The mother was a daughter of John Seamster of Ken- tucky. Mr. and Mrs. J. J. Daniels have been blessed with three children: Elbert W., Charles E., and one who died un- named. Mr. Daniels is a Democrat, and one of the honored citizens of the county. SCHUYLEK COUNTY. 1145 Judge Harrison Davis, farmer and stock raiser, was born in what is now Alleghany County, Va., in 1809, and is a son of Eichard and Mary (Wilson) Davis, natives of Virginia. The father was born in 1777, and married in 1803. He died in 1862, having spent his entire life in his native State engaged in farm- ing. His father, Richard Davis, was a native of Northumber- land County, Va., and his father was born in Wales, but was afterward an early pioneer of Virginia. The mother of our sub- ject was five years her husband's junior, and died in 1835. Both belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Harrison re- ceived a limited common-school education, and when nineteen years old learned the hatter's trade, but soon returned to farm life. He went to Missouri in 1832, returning to Virginia in a year, and in 1834 married Miss Margaret Ann, daughter of David and Margaret Eodefer, natives of Virginia. To this union only one of the five children is living, Frances, wife of Isaac N. Walker, of Trenton. In 1838 Mr. Davis came to Lewis County, Mo., where he lived until 1856. He then located three- fourths of a mile north of Queen City, in Schuyler County, where he now owns a fine and well-improved farm of 220 acres. He came here during the early history of the county, and has long been recognized as one of the prominent and highly hon- ored citizens of Schuyler County. In 1859 he was first elected justice of the peace, in which capacity he has served in all over twenty years. In 1866 he was appointed judge of the county court, and held that office five years to the satisfaction of all. In 1866 he was appointed judge of the probate court, filling that position one year. He was reared a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Harrison, who was a distant relative of his, but since the war has been a Republican. Him- self and wife have for forty years been faithful and worthy members of the Christian Church, and are warmly admired and respected by their large circle of friends and neighbors. Abraham Davis is the eldest child of Daniel and Sarah (Brake) Davis. The father was born in Princeton, N. J., and at the age of fourteen, enlisted in the Revolutionary War under Gen. Washington. While living in New Jersey he married and raised a family of five sons and three daughters. He then moved to Ross County, Ohio, where he lost his wife, and after- ward m-arried the mother of the subject of this sketch, by whom he had two sons and one daughter. In early life he learned the tanners' and shoemakers' trades, and also ran a coasting vessel seven years, but after moving to Ohio devoted his time exclu- sively to farming. In politics he was a Whig, and both himself and wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 72 1146 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. His death occurred in 1851, and his widow survived him until 1883. She had been previously married to Sylvanus Morris, by whom she had four children. Abraham Davis was born in Eoss County, Ohio, March 10, 1833. Being the eldest child, and the main support of the family, after the age of nine he naturally enjoyed very meagre educational advantages. In 1854 he mar- ried Cynthia A. Lucas, who was born in Highland County, Ohio, August 16, 1834. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. This union was blessed with eight children: Arthur born March 12, 1857; Emery, born in 1859; Minnie, July 13, 1861; Sarah Libbie, October 4, 1863; Luther E., September 9, 1865; Cashus C, October 17, 1867; and Chalmers Bertie, December 24, 1873. In 1856 the family moved to Schuyler County, Mo. At that time Mr. Davis had but little means, and for four years worked at the carpenter's trade. He then engaged in farming in connection with which he shipped stock, and is now the ownej" of a fine farm of 660 acres, and is one of the well-to-do farmers of the county. During the late war he served three years in the State Militia, and is a stanch Republican. He is a member of Lancaster Lodge of the I. O. O. F. John R. Dawkins, of the firm of Munsell & Dawkins, lum- ber dealers and hardware merchants, was born in Carroll County, Ky., in 1839. "When ten years old he was taken by his parents to Shelby. County, Ind., and in 1856 moved to Schuyler County, where he has since resided. He was reared upon a farm, and when twenty-five years old learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed until 1879, and from that time to 1881 was engaged in the drug trade and the lumber business. February 24, 1887, he purchased a half interest in Munsell & Son's hardware, and grocery store, and is now the junior member of the above firm, and one of the enterprising business men of Downing. He also owns town property, and as he was a poor man when start- ing in life for himself, ranks among the self-made men of the county. In July, 1868, he married Miss C. C. Lewis, a native of Kentucky, and to this union ten children have been born: Merrit L., James M., Lillie M. (deceased), Alva W., Bertie P., Delia B., Sarah E., Edgar I. and two who died unnamed. In politics Mr. Dawkins is a Democrat. He was the third child of nine born to James and Mary H. (Lewis) Dawkins, natives of Kentucky. The father was a son of John Dawkins, of Vir- ginia, and the mother a daughter of Richard Lewis, of Vir- ginia, a soldier in the Revolutionary War. James A. Dawkins, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Independence Township, was born February 4, 1842, in Carroll County, Ky., and is the fifth of a family of nine children born to SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1147 James and Mary H. (Lewis) Dawkins, natives of Kentucky. The father was born in Henry County, and for the last three years has been deprived of the blessing of sight. James A. moved to Shelby County, Ind., in 1850, with his parents, and to Schuyler County, Mo., May 31, 1856, where he has since resided, engaged in farm- ing and stock raising. He began life a poor young man, at the age of twenty-three, and now owns 382 acres of choice land, finely improved and cultivated. In 1864 he was married to Miss Hannah R. Coffey, daughter of William A. and Mary J. (White- side) Coffey, natives of Casey County,. Ky. To Mr. and Mrs. Dawkins eight children have been born: Denton E., Emma C, Christopher E., Mary Clara, Jennie -D., Bembridge H., Jesse M. and Eliud Arlando. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dawkins are members of the Missionary Baptist Church, of which the former has been a deacon for six years. In politics he is a Democrat, and in Masonry, a member of the Blue Lodge. Albert L. Dawkins, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Independence Township, was born in Carroll County, Ky., in 1848, and is the youngest child of James and Mary H. (Lewis) Dawkins. After living in Shelby County, Ind., he moved to Schuyler County, Mo., and has followed the occupa- tions of farming and stock raising in that county ever since. He began life a poor man, bnt through industry, energy and good management is now the owner of 380 acres of well improved land, and is one of the well-to-do and enterprising :?armers of the county. In 1870 he was united in marriage to Miss Samantha Coffey, daughter of William A. and Mary J. (Whiteside) Coffey, and to this union two children, James W. and Bertha L., have been born. Mrs Dawkins is a member of the Missionary Bap- tist Church. Mr. Dawkins is a Democrat in politics, and ranks among the honored and respected men of his township. Jesse Dooley was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1825, and. is a son of Henry and Sarah (Coffer) Dooley, natives of Ken- tucky, born in 1801 and 1799, respectively. They were married in 1819, and the same year removed to Howard County, Mo. Some years later they went to Boone County, Mo., and in 1840 moved to Davis County, Iowa, where the father died in 1856 and the mother in 1860. Mrs. Dooley was a niece of Daniel Boone, the celebrated bear hunter and Indian fighter. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dooley were members of the Missionary Baptist Church of which the former was a preacher about thirty years. While in Boone County he was captain of a militia company. In politics he was a Whig, and his occupation was that of farming. Jesse Dooley was the fifth of ten children, and bfeing reared upon a farm when educational institutions were scarce, never learned to 1148 BIOQEAPHIOAL APPENDIX. read or write, but by observation and experience has become a successful man and owns a good farm of 240 acres, which he has earned by hard labor since his arrival in this county in 1866. In 1847 he left the parental roof and married Mary E. Fenton, a native of Boone County, Mo., where she was born in 1831. To this union eight sons and six daughters have been born: Sarah J., Joel C, Francis M., Obadiah, Infant, William E., Lucy A., Jerusha E., Henry H., Leatha E., James L. and Lodemia E. (twins), John A. and Jesse A: Joel C, the eldest son, was county super- intendent of public schools of Davis County, Iowa, for four years, and the third son holds the same position in Saunders County, Neb. Jesse Dooley, our subject, has been, respectively, a Whig, Republican and Greenbacker. Mrs. Dooley is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. James F. Dowis is a son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Eogers) Dowis, and is their youngest and only living son. He was born in Knox County, Ky., in 1836. The father was born in New- berry County, N. C., and the mother in Ashe County, N. C. When young both were taken to Knox County, Ky., where they were afterward married. In 1854 they removed to Nodaway County, Mo., where they spent the remainder of their lives, the mother dying at the age of seventy-two, and the father living to be over one hundred years of age, and never having been con- fined to his bed in his lifetime. He was a soldier of the War of 1812 in the Northern Expedition, and a Whig until the dissolu- tion of that party, when he became a Democrat. His only occu- pation was that of farming ; both himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. James F. spent his youth upon the farm, working for his father until twenty-five years of age. His edu- cational advantages were very limited, he having attended school not more than a year in all. In 1863 he joined Company B of the Thirty-fifth Missouri Infantry, U. S. A., as sergeant, and after six months' service was discharged on account of disability. In 1865 he married Elizabeth Melvin, daughter of George W. Melvin. Mrs. Dowis was born in Lawrence County, Iijid., in 1847, and to her union with Mr. Dowis nine children were born: Elizabeth F., Jesse L., Levi M., William F., Emma J., Rosaline, two infants (deceased) and James F. Both Mr. and Mrs. Dowis are members of the Presbyterian Church. In politics Mr. Dowis was formerly a Democrat, but a few years ago affiliated with the Greenback party. In 1874 he was chosen county judge, which office he held four years. He is a member of the A. O. U. W. Mr. Dowis is a self-made man, having began life very poor, but after twenty-two years' residence in Schuyler County has become the owner of 400 acres of land, and is now one of the substantial SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1149 farmers of the county. He is of German ancestry upon the paternal, and Irish-German upon the mother's side. Camillus Dunbar, machinist, was born in Stark County, Ohio, in 1849, and when fifteen years of age moved to Howard County, Ind. He received a common-school education during his youth, and learned the moulder's trade at Kokomo, serving an apprenticeship of three years. , In 1870 he came to Missouri, and after traveling around some time he and his brothers erected their foundry and machine works in Glenwood Township, where they are now in business, the firm name being Dunbar Bros. In connection with their manufactory they are also engaged in general repairing. He was reared a farmer, but as he did not like a farmer's life has devoted his time to mechanical occupa- tions. In 1885 his marriage with Mary Eigg was solemnized. In politics he is a Eepublican, his first presidential vote having been cast for Gen. Grant. He is a son of Aaron and Jeanette (Doolittle) Dunbar, both natives of Connecticut. They 'after- ward moved to Stark County, Ohio, where they passed the remainder of their days. Of six children (three sons and three daughters) our subject is the youngest son. Only two of the sons survive, both mechanics. The three daughters are liv- ing. At the death of his parents Mr. Dunbar was but five years old, and his early life after that time was spent with his guard- ian, Alexander Maxwell, of Portage County, Ohio. Capt. William Dunn was born in Warren County, Ky., in 1831, and when two years old was taken by his parents to Henderson County, 111. When nineteen years of age he went to California, and there experienced all the vicissitudes of a miner's life, and engaged in many conflicts with the Indians. In the winter of 1853 he accompanied Gen. Walker to Nicaragua upon his famous expedition, and there remained a little over a year. He then went to South America, and then to New Orleans, where he remained one winter. After that he went to Cairo, 111., and conducted a woodyard. After some time he finally chose a location in Schuyler County, Mo., in September, 1858, of which place he has since been a resident. He began life with no capital, but is now the owner of a well-improved farm of fifty-two acres. In July, 1858, he was' married, and to that union one child was born, which died unnamed. The mother died in May, 1859, and in 1866 Capt. Dunn married Miss Nancy Morris, by whom he had five children : John H., Addie, Ella, and two who died in infancy. Mrs. Dunn died in 1882. Capt. Dunn is a Democrat, and in 1861 enlisted in Green's Missouri Infantry, Confederate States of America, but after the disintegration of his regiment, enlisted in Col. Porter's Missouri Infantry, and also 1150 - BIOGEAPHICAt, APPENDIX. served a while in Franklin's Missouri Infantry. He was elected first lieutenant upon the organization of his company, but on account of his eflBcient service, was promoted to 'the captaincy. He was paroled in 1865 in Scotland County, Mo., where he was captured. He was the fourth of eight children of John H. and Charlotte P. (Dunn) Dunn, natives of Virginia and Kentucky, respectively. The father was a son of William and Fannia (Haley) Dunn, natives of Virginia, the father having been a sol- dier in the Eevolutionary War. Andrew J. Eidson, M. D., was born in Butler County, Ohio, October 26, 1837, and is the eldest son of four sons and two daughters born to William M. and Catherine (Daugherty) Eid- son, natives of North Carolina and Ohio, and born in 1814 and 1817, respectively. They were married in Butler County, Ohio, whither the father had gone when a young man. They after- ward moved to Adams County, 111., where their respective deaths occurred in 1858 and 1886. After the death of Mrs. Eidson, the father was united to Mrs. Eliza Nelson. During the Mexican War he offered his services, but was not mustered in. Late in life he became united with the Congregational Church. Our immediate subject spent his youth upon his father's farm, and although the educational advantages of those days were very limited, he was very intelligent and studied assiduously, and became qualified for teaching while a young man. He after- ward attended Quincy College and attained the degree of A. B. He then worked by the month and taught school until he had accumulated enough money to forward him in his studies, and, having decided upon a medical career, attended a course of lect- ures at McDowell's College, St. Louis, in 1859. In January, 1865, he graduated from Rush Medical College, Chicago, and in February he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Forty- eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, as a private, but was soon taken to the hospital. After his partial recovery he was made a ward master of the hospital, and then acting surgeon, which position he filled until discharged on account of disability. He then located in McDonough County, 111., but in 1871 came to Coatsville, where he has since enjoyed a large and lucrative prac- tice. His wife owns a drug store, which was established in 1880, and 505 acres of land near Coatsville, besides considerable town property, and the Doctor owns 280 acres of land in Fulton County, Ark. Andrew J. Eidson was twice married: his first marriage occurred in February, 1863, Miss Lucinda M. Monroe, of Cass County, III, becoming his wife. To this union two daughters were born, viz.: Araminta, twenty years of age, the wife of Charles C. Dean, son of the late Hon. Henry Clay Dean. SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1151 Mr. and Mrs. Dean reside upon what is know as the Hamilton farm, situabed one mile from Coatsville. The second daughter, Miss Lillie Maud, is eighteen years of age, and is living in Salem, Fulton Co., Ark. She was reared by Alfred M. Wheeler, and is now the wife of Prank Waters, son of Dr. Waters, of Salem. In March, 1871, Dr. Bidson was united in marriage to Miss Bethany M. Wheeler, a native of Van Buren County, Iowa, and born in 1850. This union has been blessed with three children: Mark M., Edmund E. and Kate C. The Doctor and his wife are both members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Dr. Eidson is a member of the Masonic lodge, at Glenwood, No. 427, and be- longs to the I. O. O. F. fraternity. Dr. Eidson is a writer of considerable note upon scientific and professional subjects, and a poet, the following being a product of his ready pen : NO children's grates in china. No children's graves in China, The missionaries say; In cruel haste and silence They put those buds away. No tombstones mark their resting, To keep their mem'ry sweet; Their graves, unknown, are trodden By many careless feet. No children's graves in China, That land of heathen gloom; They deem not that their spirits Will live beyond the tomb. No little coffin holds them. Like to a downy nest; No spotless shroud enfolds them, Low in their quiet rest. No children's graves in China, No parents ever weep, No toy or little relic The thoughtless mothers keep. No mourners e'er assemble Around the early dead, And flowers of careful planting Ne'er mark their lowly bed. No children's graves in China, With sad and lovely ties. To make the living humble. And point them to the skies. No musings pure and holy. Of them when day is done; Be faithful, missionary. Your work is just begun 1 1152 BlOGEArajOAt, APPENDIX. Harvey E. Epperson was born in Tennessee, in 1851, and is the fifth of seven children of Silais A. and Nancy (Beheeler) Epperson,, natives of Virginia, and born in 1812 and 1814, respectively. The mother accompanied her parents to Kentucky, when very youngs and was there reared and married in 1834 to Mr. Epperson, who was a near neighbor, having moved during his youth to Tennessee, where he lived just across the State line. After their marriage the young couple moved over the line into Kentucky, and there lived until 1851. They then moved to Marion County, 111., and in 1854 came to Schuyler County, Mo., where the father died in 1886. The mother is now a resident of California. Both belonged to the Missionary Baptist Church. By occupation Mr. Epperson was a farmer, but learned the carpenter's trade, and built the first tobacco factory in the county. Harvey E. received a good common-school education during his youth, and spent his life upon his home farm until 1874. He then went to California and engaged in the lumber business, working at the carpenter's trade which he taught himself, having a natural mechanical ability. In 1877 he returned to his native State, and two years later married Jennie P., daughter of James T. Guinn [see sketch]. This union has been blessed with the following children: Carl D., Jennie G. and Mada. Mr. Epper- son is now a successful farmer of 160 acres of land. In politics he is a Democrat. In Masonry he is a member of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427. Both Mr. and Mrs. Epperson are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. John W. Evans is a son of Thomas and Esther (Wright) Evans, natives of Virginia, born in 1799 and 1807, respectively. After their marriage they resided in their native State until 1833, and then removed to Logan County, Ohio. Seven years, later they went to Union County, where the mother died in 1849, and the father in 1853. Both were members of the Methodist Epis- copal Church. During his early life the father was engaged as a teamster, but later turned his attention to farming. In politics he was a Democrat. John W. was the sixth of a family of seven sons and four daughters, and was born in Fauquier County, Va., in 1833. When six months old he was taken by his parents to Ohio, where he was reared and educated. In 1856 he married Fatnie J. Cowan, who was born in New York, in 1826, and accompanied her parents to Ohio. To this marriage six children were born: Mary B., Bettie, Eobert D., Charles L. and two infants. Of these, but Eobert D. and Charles L. are living. Mr. Evans is of Irish and his wife of Scotch descent. In 1857 they came to Schuyler County, where they have since made their home, and now own a fine farm of 130 acres, a good evidence of their SOHUYLEK COUNTY. 1153 economy and thrift. During the war Mr. Evans served a short time in the Twenty-ninth Regiment of Enrolled Militia as sergeant. He has served four years as magistrate, and has ever borne the reputation of being an honest and upright citizen. Politically he was formerly a Democrat, having been raised in that faith. Of late years he has been more independent in his views, believing the best interests of his country can be served by voting for the best man, and not the party. Christian Figge is a son of Christian and Catherine (Heinze) Figge, and was born in Hesse Darmstadt, Ge];many, in 1838. His parents were natives of Germany and born in 1810 and 1817, and died in 1880 and 1852, respectively. Both emigrated to America in 1851 and located six miles southeast of Lancaster. The father was a tailor in Germany but after coming to America engaged in farming and was the owner of 100 acres of land. Christian was the second of five children. He accompanied his parents to America and remained at home assisting in clearing the home place for one year. When fourteen years old he worked for $5.00 a month as clerk and chore boy, and attended school three months out of a year for three years in Lancaster. When eighteen years old he went to La Grange, Mo., and worked as clerk for $20 per month, board and washing. In 1861 he returned home and with the money earned by six years' labor purchased a small stock of goods and opened a store on the home place. In six weeks all his property was seized by the rebels and he barely escaped with his life. In November, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, Twenty- first Missouri Volunteer Infantry, and served for three years during the war receiving his discharge at Shreveport, Miss., in 1865. He was in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Bed Eiver and Shreveport among others and participated in numerous skirmishes. The last eight months of service, after being discharged as a soldier, were spent in the Commissary Department as chief clerk. Sixteenth Army Corps, at a salary of $100 per month and board. After peace was declared he resumed the mercantile business at Lan- caster at which he was engaged until January, 1875, when he was elected cashier of the First National Bank of Lancaster, and when the Schuyler Company Bank succeeded the First National, in 1877, Mr. Figge was elected cashier and has since retained that position. He has also been one of the directors since the organi- zation of the First National, and was one of the leading and prime movers of the organization. He owns a residence valued at $5,000, a stock of goods in Unionville, Mo., worth $12,000, a bank at Eush Centre, Kas., $15,000 capital, and has $4,000 of stock in the Schuyler County Bank. He also owns 160 acres of land at Eush Centre, Kas., valued at $4,000, ninety-eight acres near 1154 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Bloomfield, la., 110 acres near Moulton, la., which are highly improved, three houses and lots at same place, eighty acres of land in Schuyler County, and has a $4,500 mortgage on a valuable farm in Appanoose County, la. , besides other means not herein men- tioned, all of which make him one of the most wealthy men of his county. In 1866 he married Miss Mary F., daughter of A. K. and Jane Cowgill, who was born in Iowa in 1849. Mr. Cow- gill was sheriff of Schuyler County at the close of the war, and since the death of her husband Mrs. Cowgill has lived with Mrs. Figge. To her union with our subject six children have been born: Clara, Belle, Cora May, Halena and Maglena (twins) and Christian, Jr. In politics Mr. Figge is a Republican but cast his first presidential vote for Douglas. Himself and wife are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church of which he has been steward and trustee for the past sixteen years. C. C. Fogle, attorney at law, Lancaster, Mo., was born in Hardin County, Ky., July 28, 1847, and is a son of Samuel Newell and Matilda (Smith) Fogle. The father was born in Hardin County, Ky., in 1820 and was of German descent, and was mar- ried in 1839. In March, 1850, he moved to Scotland County, Mo., and bought a farm upon which he died in January, 1857. The mother was of Irish descent and was born in Hardin County, Ky., in 1819, and died July 11, 1877. Our subject is the fifth of nine children, all of whom are living, and when about three years old, went with his parents to Scotland County, Mo., and received his common school education in that county. In 1869 he entered the Normal School at Kirksville, Mo., and in 1872 graduated, but attended the same the following year. He holds a life State certificate. W^hen twenty years of age he began to teach in the public schools ; in 1873 was elected principal of a graded school at Glen wood, Schuyler Co., Mo. ; in 1874 was chosen professor of mathematics in the Unionton Academy in Scotland County, Mo., which was a private institution, and the following year was made principal of that institution. In 1876 he came to Lancaster, and was made principal of the graded school there for two years. In 1878 he began the study of law in the law office of Messrs. Higbe & Shelton. In November of the same year he was admitted by Judge Andrew Ellison to the bar, and immediately began the practice of law with A. C. Bailey as a partner. This partnership continued but six months; he then practiced about two years alone. The first fee which he obtained of any importance grew out of the noted " Bill Young trial " in Clark County, Mo., where he was paid $100. He afterward became a law partner of Joseph M. Knott, which partnership con- tinued for three years, when Mr. Knott moved to Texas ; then our SCHUYIiEE COUNTY. 1155 subject went in business with Edwin F. Payton, now prosecuting attorney, which partnership lasted about twelve months, since which time he has continued his practice of law by himself. He has been employed in all the important criminal cases in the county since his admission to the bar, realizing fees ranging from $100 to $750, and his success has been remarkable. In politics Mr. Fogle is a Democrat. But he says he " deserves no credit for being right in politics because his parentage on both sides as far back as he can trace them were Democrats." He cast his first presidential vote for Seymour and Blair in 1868. He has been spoken of in connection with several important offices but declines to accept any official position. However, he is active in politics and has been a delegate to county, senatorial, congression- al and State conventions. In 1879 he was elected County School Commissioner of Schuyler County, and in 1881 was re-elected. In 1884 he was appointed attorney for the town of Lancaster, which position he still holds. In the same year he was elected a member of the school board, served three years, two of which he was president of the board, during which time there was erected a fine brick school-house in the town of Lancaster, owing largely to his exertions and influence in that direction. In 1881 he was elected town councilman of Lancaster and served two years. In November, 1879, he married Miss Minerva D. Childress, a lady of French and English descent and who had been educated at the Kirksville Normal School; she is a daughter of William Pry or and Melissa (Justice) Childress. Mrs. Fogle was born in Scot- land County, Mo., December 25, 1855, and to her union with our subject three children have been born: Claude C, Earle E., and Hugh N. Mrs. Fogle is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and her husband of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. He is also a member of the I. O. 0. F. and A. O. U. W. He is a leading lawyer, whose practice is large and lucrative and not confined to his own county. He is a logical and a forcible debator, an indefatigable worker and a close student. In political canvasses he is a strong man on the stump. George W. Ford is a son of James H. and Catherine (Grose- close) Ford, and was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1853. The father was born in Garrett County, Ky., in 1816, and the mother in Wythe County, Va., in 1823. When young both came to Schuyler County, where they married and settled upon a small farm, and spent the remainder of their lives in the county, with the exception of about eight years. They were among the very early settlers of the vicinity, and Mrs. Ford was one of the three young ladies who first came to the county. At the time that Texas was fighting for her independence Mr. Ford volunteered 1156 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. his services, but was never upon the scene of action. In politics he was Democratic in his views, but was also a strong Abolition- ist. He was killed in 1862 by a party of bushwhackers. George W. Ford was one of a family of eleven children, and when three months old was brought to Schuyler County by his parents, where he spent his youth upon the farm, and received a good English education. After attending the district schools he attended the State Normal at Kirksville, and then, after teaching one term, devoted his attention to farming. He now owns 700 acres of good land, well cultivated and improved, and devotes his time exclusively to agricultural pursuits. He resides upon the old homestead, which was settled in 1838. In 1879 he was united in marriage to Mary J. Mock, a daughter of Alfred Mock. Mrs. Ford was born in Putnam County, Mo., in 1854, and died in 1882. She was the mother of two children — Harvey A. and James T. In 1882 Mr. Ford married Martha D. Lucas, who was born in Schuyler County in 1860. This union has been blessed by three children: Jessie L., George J. and a child yet unnamed! In politics Mr. Ford is a Democrat, and in Masonry a member of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427. Edwin French, a retired merchant and old settler of Lancas- ter, Mo., was born in Worcester County, Mass., in 1817, and is a son of Isaac and Catherine (Davis) French. The father was born in 1775 in Massachusetts, was a farmer and trusty and prominent business man, and settled many estates. His father, John French, was a solicitor in the French and Indian War, in 1754-57, and died at the age of eighty-six in 1823. Isaac died while in the prime of life, in the year 1826. His wife, Catherine Davis, was born in Worcester County, Mass., in 1781, and was the mother of four children, our subject being the only one liv- ing. Edwin was educated at the district schools of his native town, and attended a boarding-school two terms. His father's death occurred when he was but nine years old, and when seven- teen he began to teach in his native town. He continued this occu- pation for three months. In 1837 he went to the territory that has since been formed and organized into Scotland County, Mo., and engaged in the mercantile business there three and a half years, and in the fall of 1841 came to the territory since organ- ized into Schuyler County, locating at Tippecanoe, three miles southeast of Lancaster, where he engaged in the same business. In 1853 he removed his stock of goods to Lancaster, and remained in business there until 1879. He also engaged in farming, in connection with his other business, with good success. In Feb- ruary, 1843, he married Miss Esther Hathaway, daughter of Josiah Hathaway. This lady was bom in Vermont in 1822, and SCHUYLEE COUNTY. 1157 is the mother of fire living children: Charles H., Wilber D., Agnes, Julia and Edwin L., an attorney at law, at Lancaster. In 1879 Mr. French and wife went to Colorado, in 1881 to California, and in 1885 returned to Lancaster, Mo., where they now live a retired life. Previous to the war Mr. French was a Whig, but is now a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for William H. Harrison in 1840. He was elected representative of Schuyler County in 1846, being the first one from that county, and was re- elected in 1848. Ten years later he was elected treasurer of Schuyler County, and served so satisfactorily that he was re-- elected in 1860. At the close of the war he was elected circuit clerk, and was afterward appointed by Judge Ellison, serving about fifteen months. He and his wife are members of the Christian Church. His son, Edwin L., was born in Lancaster, Mo., in 1856, and was educated there and at Christian University in Canton, Mo., which he attended three years, graduating with the degree of B. S. in 1876. He then taught one term of school in Schuyler County, and in January, 1877, began to study law with C. E. Vrooman. He was admitted to the bar in 1879, and was a partner of Mr. Vrooman for three years. He is a man of more than ordinary legal ability, and enjoys a fine practice. In May, 1883, he married Miss Belle Justice, daughter of Joseph H. Justice, of Keokuk, Iowa, and to Mr. and Mr. French two children have been born: Herbert Justice and Joseph Harvey. Himself and wife are members of the Christian Church. James T. Fugate is a grandson of John Fugate, a native of Virginia, where he was united in marriage to Elizabeth Hamil- ton, who bore him five sons and five daughters, and died before he left his native State in search of a home in the west. He was a prominent man in those days and filled the offices of sherifB and magistrate, performing the duties of the latter more than thirty years. In 1845 he located near Queen City, Mo., and cultivated a farm. He soon after married Susan Hamilton, by whom he had one daughter. He died in his eighty-third year. Of his children two, Elizabeth and Elbert, are living in Schuyler County. The latter was born in Virginia in 1838, and was but seven years old when he accompanied his father to Missouri. Since that time he has been a resident of Schuyler County. In 1858 he wedded Nancy HoUcroft, who was born in Switzerland County, Ind., in 1838, but who accompanied her parents to this county when a young lady. To this union five sons and two daughters were born. Mrs. Fugate is a member of the Primitive Baptist Church. Mr. Fugate and his sons are strong Democrats, and the grand- father was also a member of that political party. Although farming is his principal occupation, Mr. Fugate held the office of 1158 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. constable for four years. Of his children two, James T. and Jeflf D., are teachers, and the former is superintendent of schools in Schuyler County. He is a native of this county, and was born August 4, 1859. He was reared upon a farm and educated in the common schools of the neighborhood. At the age of eighteen he began to teach and has since taught eleven successive terms. In 1882 he married Laura Payton, daughter of T. W. Payton, and a native of Schuyler County, Mo., and born in 1858, and by her one son, Clarence, has been born. Mr. James Pugate is one of ■the enterprising young men of the county, and has always been interested in its educational advancement. In April, 1887, he was chosen county superintendent, and is also discharging the duties of the office of magistrate. He has sixty-one schools under his charge, and besides looking after them satisfactorily, owns a farm of eighty acres of land well cultivated and improved. James M. Fulcher, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Schuyler County, in 1844, and is the second of four children of John S. and Mary (Alverson) Fulcher. The father was of Eng- lish-Irish descent, and born in Boone County, Mo., in 1819. His father,p'efferyon Fulcher, was a native of Virginia and a soldier in the ^ar of 1812, having fought in the battle of Tamer. He was an early pioneer of Madison County, Ky., and settled in Boone County, Mo., in an early day, while the present State was yet a territory. For some years he engaged in traffic with the Indians and made several trips each year to Santa Fe. In 1836, he settled in what is now Schuyler County, Mo., where he died in 1859. John S. was reared in Boone County, and came with his father to Schuyler County, Mo., in 1836. He was married in How- ard County, in 1841, and located on the Grand Divide, where he farmed until his death in 1852. Havir^ been reared in Missouri during the early history of that State, when Indians still inhabi- ted the country, he associated with the neighboring tribes and learned their language, and also became very proficient in hunt- ing and other sports. The mother of our subject was born in Madison County, Ky., and 'when eight years old was taken by her parents to Howard County, Mo. Both she and her husband were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Her death occurred in 1860. James M. lived with his mother prior to her decease, and received a common -school education. He was the main support of the family. In 1864 he was married to Miss Susannah, daughter of David A. and Eachel Roberts. Mrs. Fulcher was born in Schuyler County, in 1846, and has borne her husband nine children, seven living: Emma (wife of W. E. Stacy), John D., Etta, Cora, Eva, William and Eeuben. He has resided five miles northwest of Queen City, near Julesburg, since SCHUYLEK COUNTY. 1159 his marriage, where he has a farm of 1.20 acres in one tract, and eighty acres in another. Mr. Fulcher was reared during the early days of Missouri, and endured the hardships of pioneer life during his youth, but has kept pace with the advancement of the State, and is now one of the enterprising farmer citizens of his county. He was elected justice of the peace, serving four years, and was then re-elected and served another term with equal satis- faction. Two appeals have been taken from his decisions as jus- tice, and were both settled by appellants before the trial in the circuit court. In politics he is strictly Independent and votes for the man he thinks worthy without regard to party aflBliation. His first presidential vote was cast for Grant in 1868. He has been a member of the Christian Church since thirty years of age, and has been an elder in the same for some years. His wife is also a member of the same church, as are also the four eldest children. George A. Furry, farmer, is a son of Jacob and Maria (Hill) Furry, and was born October 27, 1847, in Perry County, Ohio. The father was of German and French descent, and a native of Pennsylvania. When young he went to Perry County, Ohio, where he was married. In 1851 he started for Iowa with his family by water, but died of cholera while on the Mississippi River, and was buried upon its banks. The mother continued her journey with her four children, and located in New London, Henry Co., Iowa. She was born near Zanesville, Ohio, and died in Iowa in 1864. George A. ite the third child, and at the time of his father's death was four years old. He lived with his mother until seven years of age, and was then taken by Richard Griggs, a resident of Schuyler County, Mo., where George made his home until February, 1864, when he enlisted in Company M, Twelfth Missouri "Volunteer Cavalry, and served two years. He was discharged at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., in April, 1866. He then returned to Schuyler County, and October 13, 1868, married Miss Mary P. Barnes, daughter of Jacob and Catherine Barnes. Mrs. Furry was born in Davis County, Iowa, September 29, 1851. Since his marriage our subject has made his residence in Schuyler County, with the exception of the three years which divide 1873 from 1876, which he spent in Pottawattomie County, Iowa, during which time he was foreman of the Bellview Nursery at Council Bluffs, Iowa. In the spring of 1887 he moved where he now resides. He is a well-to-do citizen, and a man of enterprise, and is the owner of two blocks in Lancaster, containing ten acres of land. He is a Republican, and cast his firsb presidential vote for U. S. Grant in 1868. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and himself and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. 1160 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. William S. Gatlin, senior member of the firm of Gatlin & "Winfree, was born in Tazewell County, TIL, in 1832, and is a son of Hardy and Catherine (Gates) Gatlin. The father is of Irish and English ancestry, and was born in. Tennes- see in 1808. When a young man he went to Illinois with his parents, and was there married. In 1855 he removed to Adair County, Mo., and soon after to Green Top. He lived in Schuyler County some years, and then went to Kansas, and is now living in Cass County, Mo., farming and working at the blacksmith's trade. His father, Dempsey Gatlin, was a soldier in the War of 1812. The mother of our subject was born in Kentucky, was about three years her husband's junior, and died about 1849 in Illinois. William S. was reared at home, and received but a common-school education. In 1855 he married Miss Deborah Vannote, a native of Illinois, and this union was blessed with four children: Henry W. Hamilton (of Iowa), Charles A. (of Alexandria, Mo.), Emma Belle (wife of Peter B. Winfree, of De Witt, Mo. ) and Ida May. Mrs. Gatlin died in 1872, and in 1874 Mr. Gatlin married Miss Elizabeth Hoover, a native of Virginia, but then living in Iowa. His second wife died in 1875, and in 1877 our subject wedded Mrs. Lovina Winfree, daughter of William Hall. In about 1857 Mr. Gatlin came to Schuyler County, where his home has since been, with the exception of the years between 1870 and 1875, which were spent in Iowa. He first located at Green Top upon coming to Missouri. Part of the time he had h&mx engaged in farming and saw-mill- ing, but was mostly in the mercantile business. He served about twenty years as postmaster of Green Top, and while in Iowa was assistant postmaster for a while. He has always been a public- spirited man, interested in educational and public enterprises, and his children are enjoying the advantages of a good education. He was formerly a Democrat, and oast his first presidential vote for Douglas in 1860, but since that time has been a Republican. During the war his sympathies were with the Union, but he was not allowed to serve, on account of his poor health. He is now engaged in the hardware and grocery business at Green Top, and enjoys a good and extensive patronage. He is a prominent mem- ber of the I. O. O. F., and his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church. W. C. Graves was born in Schuyler County, in 1850, and is a son of Eichard and Berrilla (Myrtle) Graves. The father is of English descent, and was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1826, and is a farmer by occupation. His father, David, was a native of Shelby County, Ky., and emigrated to Howard County, Mo., in 1820, and died in 1880. Richard H. was married in 1849, SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1161 and soon after located three miles northwest of Lancaster in Schuyler County, Mo., where he bought and entered 160 acres of land upon which he has since resided, and which he has increased to 340 acres. He served in the Home Militia during the war. His wife is of English descent and was born in Howard County,. Mo., in 1823. She is the mother of seven children: William C, James D., Hannah A. (wife of Thomas Burns), Eeuben W., Samuel C, John B. and Lizzie. W. C. lived with his parents until twenty-one years of age, receiving a common-school educa- tion, and April 27, 1871, was united in marriage to Miss Annie G. Green, daughter of Hiram Green. She was born in Brown County, 111., in 1849, and is the mother of six children: Clarence True, Florence B., Lena Belle, Edna Leonora, Hiram Leo and Addie Dimple. After his marriage our subject settled near the home place and began farming for himself. In 1875 he bought eighty acres in Liberty Township, and in 1885 came to Lancaster and purchased a half interest in a general store with John "W. Milligan, who afterward sold his share to A. P. Primm. In Jan- uary, 1887, he divided the stock of goods with Mr. Primm and has since conducted the business alone. He is a Republican, hav- ing cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant in 1872. Himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. Gilbert D. Gray, loan broker, was born in Perry County,. Ohio, in 1840, and is a son of Jonas H. and Achsah P. (Mills) Gray. The father was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, July 4, 1812, and the mother in Hartford, Conn., in 1814, but in infancy was taken by her parents to Perry County, Ohio, where she was married. Mrs. Gray was a daughter of Senator Mills, and after the death of Mr. Gray was married to Robert Greene, with whom she is now living in Iowa. Mr. Gray was a tailor by trade, and at the time of his death was the proprietor of a mer- chant tailor establishment. He was a Whig during the days of that party, and served as captain in the State Militia. Both Mr. and Mrs. Gray were members of the Methodist Church. Of a family of three sons and three daughters, only one son and two daughters are living. The grandfather of the subject of this sketch was of Irish descent; his great-grandfather, in company with a brother and a Scotchman, were prosecuted by the Catholics in their native land, and after the confiscation of their property escaped and went to sea in a yawl, and after being wrecked were picked up and brought to America about the year 1760. They settled in Virginia and their descendants are now scattered over the United States. Gilbert was reared in Perry County, and after the death of his father, when he was but ten years old, lived with his mother and two sisters, whom in later years ha 73 1162 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. cared for to the best of his ability. His education was neces- sarily somewhat limited, but while a boy he worked in a printing office and became an expert type-setter. During the late war Mr. Gray offered his services, which were rejected on account of his small statue. He then organized a company of small mea and tendered them as sharpshooters, btlt the Government rejected them. He soon went to St. Louis, Mo., and was finally mustered into service as second lieutenant of Company D, of the Tenth Missouri Infantry. He was promoted to the first lieuten- ancy of the company in August, 1861, and in June, 1863, became captain of Company B. At Vicksburg he was wounded, and mustered out on account of disabilities in February, 1864. He then returned home, but the following October organized the eastern regiment of Davis County, Iowa, border troops, of which he was elected lieutenant-colonel, and fulfilled the duties of that office until the close of the war. In 1861 he was captured in Callaway County, Mo., but effected an escape. In 1867 he came to Lancaster and engaged in the drug business. In 1869 he removed his store to Glenwood, and engaged in the drug business until 1886, since which time he has been a loan broker. In 1863 he was united in marriage to Theresa E. Spencer, daughter of Capt. Horace A- Spencer, of Bloomfield, Iowa. To this union three children have been born: James M., Emma and Maude. In politics Mr. Gray is a stanch Republican, and has served as jus- tice of the peace and county judge. He has been a member of the Masonic order twenty-five years. In the I. O. O. F. fi-aternity he has filled every office in the Grand Encampment except those of grand secretary and treasurer. He is past post commander of David Robert's Post, No. 25, G. A. R. Spencer Greer, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Grayson County, Ya., in 1825, and is a son of George and Nancy (Isom) Greer. The father was born in Virginia in 1799, and was a blacksmith, which trade he followed in youth and middle life, but in later years cultivated land for a livelihood. He was married in 1824, and in 1886 moved to Lawrence County, Ind., where he pur- chased a farm and spent the remainder of his days, his death occurring in November, 1864. His wife was born in Virginia in 1803, and died in 1884. She was the mother of nine children, of whom Spencer is the eldest. When eleven years old he moved with his parents to Indiana, and remained with them until twenty-four years of age. In October, 1849, he married Miss Serene Edwards, daughter of Edward and Mary (Cox) Edwards. Mrs. Greer was born in Lawrence County, Ind., in 1832, and to her union with our subject nine children were born, all dead €xcept two — Edward M. and William H. In 1852 Mr. Greer SOHUYLEB COUNTY. 1163 left Lawrence County and went to Lancaster, Schuyler Co., Mo., and carried on the mercantile business until 1857, when he sold out and began to farm. In 1862 he purchased 160 acres of land, where he now resides. By economy, industry and good manage- ment Mr. Greer has added acre after acre to his possessions, until he now owns 520 acres of first-class land, and is an extensive dealer in fine stock, and keeps on an average 100 cattle, 300 sheep, 50 hogs and 10 horses. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for James K. Polk, in 1844. He is a highly esteemed farmer citizen, and a member of the I. O. O. F. George Groseclose, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of FabiuB Township, was born September 12, 1825, in Tazewell County, Va., and is the third of eight children born to Joseph and Barbara Groseclose, natives of Wythe County, Va. Upon leaving there they moved to Indiana, and subsequently to Schuy- ler County, Mo., where they died, aged fifty-eight and seventy- three, respectively. The father was of German descent; the mother was a daughter of Christopher Foglesong, who died in Indiana. George Groseclose accompanied his parents to John- son County, Ind., when two years old, and at the age of twelve became located in Schuyler County, which he has since made his home. He began life when twenty-one with eighty acres of land, which by good management has been increased, until he is now the owner of 200 acres, a fact which stamps him one of the energetic farmers of the county. In 1845 he was married to Miss Odyssey Lloyd, a daughter of Lemuel F. Lloyd, whose parents were of Virginian nativity. He was Indian agent under Gen. Jackson, and was also Secretary of the Treasury. His wife was a daughter of Elias Davis, who was also originally from Vir- ginia. Mr. and Mrs. Groseclose have a family of fifteen chil- dren: Maryland J., Cena L., Joseph W., Susan D., Eliza C, Mary F., George, William, McGuffy W., Tillman, Melcena, Lee Price, Edwin L., Sarah Ellen and an infant, unnamed. Mr. Groseclose in politics is a Democrat. William B. Groseclose, farmer and stock raiser, was born in 1842, upon the farm of which he is now a resident, in Fabius Township, Schuyler .Co., Mo. He was the youngest child of Joseph and Barbara (Foglesong) Groseclose [see sketch of George Groseclose], and when fifteen years old, upon the death of his father, started in life for himself. He had no property to begin life with, but is now the possessor of a well-improved farm of 190 acres in the home place, and 160 acres in another tract, and is one of the enterprising and well-to-do farmers of the county. He served a short time during the Eebellion, and on March 20, 1869, was united in marriage to Miss Hannah E. Web- 1164 BIOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. ster, daughter of Josept and Margaret ("Waddle) Webster. To Mr. and Mrs. Groseclose ten children have been born: Joseph L., Elizabeth, Sarah, David F., George E., Mary A., Keese, Eoy B., Frank and Margaret. In politics Mr. Groseclose is a Democrat. He is a Master Mason, and a man highly respected in the com- munity in which he lives. James T. Guinn (deceased), was a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Chariton Township, and a son of Hardin Guinn. He was born in Kentucky, in the year 1837, and during his youth came to Schuyler County, Mo., where he married Unity Locher, by whom he became the father of three children, only one daugh- ter, Jennie, now living. Mr. Guinn was divorced in 1871, and the year following married Miss N. C. Dameron, a native of Ran- dolph County, Mo., born in 1840. This lady is a daughter of Benjamin and Matilda (Mathis) Dameron, early settlers of Ran- dolph County, where they passed their lives. The second mar- riage of Mr. Guinn was blessed with two children, Mann and Kate. Mrs. Guinn is a worthy member of the Cumberland Pres- byterian Church, as was also her husband. With the exception of some four or five years spent in Coatsville, as a business man, Mr. Guinn made farming and stock raising his sole occupation, although he also bought and shipped stock extensively with great success. He was a self-made man, but by hard work, industry and good management, became the owner of 700 acres of fine land. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and a highly respected man in the vicinity in which he lived on account of his integrity and high moral character. In politics he was a Demo- crat, but never sought or held offices of public trust, as he chose rather to perform the duties of a private citizen. Enoch E. Hale. Judge Charles Hale was born in Sullivan County, Tenn., in 1819, and moved to Shelby County, Mo., in 1843, and two years later removed to a farm in Fabius Township, Schuyler County, Mo., where he has since resided. He was reared upon a farm and educated at a college in Greene County, Tenn. At the age of twenty-one he began life for himself with no capital, but is now the owner of a finely improved farm of 280 acres. October 1, 1840, he married Miss Melvina Lightner, daughter of Christian and Nancy (Glass) Lightner, and to this union eleven children were born: Sarah A., John M., Nancy E., Enoch E., Montr aville F., Dora B., Martha F. and Mary M. (twins), James P., and two who died in infancy. The father of Mrs. Hale lived first in Pennsylvania, then in Virginia, then in Tennessee, where he was married ; then in Schuyler County, Mo., and finally died in Hickory County, Mo. Mr. Hale is a member of the Baptist Church, and in politics is a Democrat. SCHUYLEE COUNTY. 1165 He -was appointed county judge by tlie Governor of the State, served two years, and was twice re-elected, but resigned during the second term of his office. He was the third of a family of thirteen children, all of whom lived to maturity. His parents, Lewis and Elizabeth (Bragg) Hale, were natives of Greene and Sullivan Counties, Tenn., respectively. The father was a farmer, and during the War of 1812 was the commander of a company. He was a son of Meshach and Mollie Hale. The former was of English descent, and a native of Virginia, the latter of Irish descent. Mrs. Elizabeth Hale was a daughter of David and Elizabeth Bragge, early settlers of North Carolina, and pioneer settlers of Sullivan County, Tenn., where they located about 1775. The immediate subject of this sketch, Enoch E. Hale, is a son of Judge Charles Hale and Melvina (Lightner) Hale, and was born in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1851. He was reared upon the farm and sent to the common schools of the neighborhood, and afterward spent two years at schools in La Grange. He lived with his parents until twenty-four years of age, and then began to clerk for Forsha & Irvin, for whom his brother, John M., had been working for some time. He and his brother bought out the above named firm in 1876. Four years later Enoch gave up business life, and purchased a farm upon which he engaged in stock raising, in connection with farming, for four years. He then returned to mercantile life with his brother, James P., as a partner, and is now the senior member of E. E. Hale & Bro., and a leading merchant of Glen wood. Mr. Hale was married January 14, 1877, to Lucia V. England, who was born March 31, 1853, in Quebec, Canada, and came to Schuyler County, Mo., with her parents while young. Mr. Hale belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church, and his wife to the Congregational. In politics Mr. Hale is a Democrat. He has risen from a poor man to one of the most enterprising and pros- perous business men of Glenwood, and owns a good stock and the buildings in which his business is conducted. G. W. Hall, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Bourbon County, Ky., in 1820. He is the third child of eleven, born to James and Frankie (Rice) Hall, natives of Kentucky. The father was of German descent, and a blacksmith, which trade he followed all his life. The maternal grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. When a boy G. W. accompanied his parents on their westward journey, finally settling in Scot- land County, Mo., but in 1840 moved to Schuyler County, and located upon a piece of land one and a quarter miles northwest of Tippecanoe. In the fall of 1852 he commenced to farm upon the place where he has since resided. Having learned th e blacksmith' s 1166 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. trade when but a boy, Mr. Hall followed that trade until 1880, but since that time has been exclusively engaged in farming, and by industry and good management has become the owner of 185 acres of good land, which he has cultivated, and which is now highly improved. In 1844 he was united in marriage to Miss Eliza- beth Groseclose, daughter of Joseph and Barbara (Foglesong) Groseclose [see sketch], and eleven children have blessed this union, viz: Mary Ann C, Barbara F. (deceased), William J., Ella O. (deceased), Sarah E., David F., George E., Squire J., Martha M., Lewis V. and Eliza E. Mr. and Mrs. Hall are worthy members of the Baptist Church, and the former is a member of the B\ue Lodge in Masonry. In politics he is a Democrat, and has served his township satisfactorily in several different capacities. Caleb F. Hargis, is a son of Joshua and Samantha J. (Par- tin) Hargis, born in Kentucky, in 1811 and 1821, respectively. When young they moved to Howard County, Mo., where they were married and lived until 1852. They then made their home in Schuyler County, one year, and then went to Adair County, where the father died in 1862. The mother now lives with our subject, and is a devout member of the Christian Church. The father was a well-to-do farmer, and a Democrat. Caleb F. had three sisters and one brother. The latter was a soldier during the late war in the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, United States army, and died in Macon City, Mo., from the effects of the measles. Caleb F. was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1843. He was reared upon the farm, and received but a limited educa- tion at one of the primitive school-houses of those days. After his father's death Mrs. Hargis became the wife of James Lucas, who lived but a short time, and then the care of his mother devolved upon the subject of this sketch. In 1868 he was united in marriage to Odessa Hamilton, daughter of John Hamilton. Mrs. Hargis was born in Schuyler County, in 1851, and is the mother of the following children: Susan E., Joshua F., John F., Ada A., Joseph F., Ella M. and Nicholas C, of whom but the last named three survive. When he came to Schuyler County from Adair County, in 1866, Mr. Hargis was a poor man, but is now the owner of 360 acres of good land, and one of the prosper- ous men of the county. In politics he is a strong Democrat, a believer in woman's rights, and an earnest advocate of the tem- perance cause. He and his wife are Universalists. Elder William Hartley was born in Washington County, Ind., in 1823, and is a son of John and Jane (Fox) Hartley. The father was of English' descent and born in Burke County, N. C, in 1795. He was a farmer and politician and was married in his SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1167 native State, and in 1814 immigrated to Washington County, Ind., where he spent the remainder of his days. He was repre- sentative of that county two sessions, and his death occurred in 1873. His wife was born in East Tennessee, in 1803, and died in 1848. Our subject is the fourth of five children, and was edu- cated in Salem, Ind., making his home with his parents until he became of age. When nineteen he entered the ministry, being a member of the Christian Church, and was ordained in Salem, in 1847. September 8 of that year he was united in marriage to Miss Minerva Wilson, who was born in Charleston, Clark Co., Ind., in June, 1828. This union was blessed with eight children: Louisa (wife of Sydney Brown), Byrod B., John, Tilman, Mack, Alfred, Minerva (wife of William Yates) and Belle (wife of Thomas Lewis). In 1857 Elder Hartley left his native State and went to Bloomfield, Iowa, where he resumed his ministerial duties, preaching half of his time in Bloomfield and half in Lan- caster, Mo. It was at the former place that his success was very marked. In the spring of 1866 he preached forty-seven sermons in succession, at a meeting which lasted five weeks and two days, and in this time he had 178 accessions, and 103 people were immersed. In 1869 he moved to Lancaster, where he now resides, and for twenty-three years has regularly expounded the gospel to his hearers. From 1869 to 1874 he traveled for Mount Hope Nursery, New York, his work being continued in Missouri, and during this time made ten trips to the nursery. In 1875 he purchased a farm of 120 acres, adjoining Lancaster, where he now lives a more retired life, preaching at irregular intervals, when his service is desired, and is frequently called upon to per- form the rites of baptism, matrimony, and to preach funeral ser- mons. He is a Republican and cast his first presidential vote for James K. Polk in 1844. He is a Christian gentleman, highly esteemed and honored by the community. Joseph W. Hatfield, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Wayne County, Ky., in 1834, and is a son of Andrew and Mary A. (Miller) Hatfield. The father was of English descent, and born in 1801 in Wayne County, Ky. During early life he engaged in distilling, but during the latter part of his life was engaged in agricultural pursuits. His father. Ale Hatfield, was a native of Kentucky, and in 1838 moved to Indiana, and died in 1837, at the age of ninety. Andrew was married in 1820, and in 1837 immigrated to Randolph County, Mo., and the following year moved to Adair County, Mo., settling six miles southeast of Kirksville, and becoming the owner of 720 acres of fine land. In 1840 he moved to Putnam County, and located in Elm Township, buying 220 acres of land. He died in 1879. He was a volun- 1168 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. teer in the Florida War, but did not serve, as he was not called out. His wife was born in South Carolina, in 1804, and died in 1876. Our subject is the third of five children, and at the age of seven came to Northeast Missouri, making his home with his parents until eighteen years old. In 1852 he went to California overland, six months being required to make the journey. He there engaged in mining, teaming and hotel-keeping, and in 1861 returned to Putnam County, Mo. In August of that year he married Miss Emily, daughter of James Cain, of Putnam County. This lady was born in Putnam County in 1844, and is the mother of ten living children: Louisa A. (wife of Dennis Higgle), David A., Celia A., Joseph W., Alexander S., Emma C, Benjamin P., Gracie M., Elmer C. and Bertie L. Mr. Hatfield remained in Putnam County until 1863, then went to Nevada, and in the fall of that year returned to Missouri on business. Again going to Nevada he made that and California his home until 1881, when he returned to the scenes of his boyhood and settled upon the land above described. In politics he is a conservative Democrat, and his first presidential vote was cast for Buchanan, in 1856. He is a member of the K. of P. Leroy Hays (deceased) was born in Union County, Ohio, in 1830, and there spent his youthful days. He was united in mar- riage to Sarah Hobert, also a native of that county, where she was born in 1834. They remained in Union County until 1858, and then moved to Lucas County, Iowa, and from there in 1865 to Schuyler County, Mo., where they located upon the farm where Mrs. Hays now lives. Mr. Hays was an expert carpenter, and erected some of the finest buildings in Glenwood, such as the St. Nicholas Hotel, Glenwood Flour Mill, etc., but in later life ■engaged almost exclusively in agricultural pursuits. He was an active and ardent Democrat, and one of the leading spirits of that party in his county after the late war. He was a prominent member of the I. O. O. F. for more than twenty-five years, and upon his death, in 1877, the county lost one of its representative citizens. His widow is a worthy member of the Christian Church, and bore Mr. Hays six children, four sons and two daugh- ters, of whom but four sons are living. The eldest son, Joseph W., was born in Union County, Ohio, in 1851, where he received ■a good common-school education, and became familiar with a farmer's life, to which he has always devoted his attention. In 1886 he was united in marriage to Clara E. Majors, a native of Schuyler County. Politically Mr. Joseph Hays is a Democrat. Marvel J., another son, was also born in Union County, Ohio, his birth occurring in 1855; he, too, availed himself of the advantages offered by the common schools of his vicinity, and SCHUYLEB COUNTJf. 1169 acquired a good English education. He is an enterprising young farmer, and, in partnership with his brother, Joseph, is engaged in farming and stock raising upon 340 acres of well cultivated and improved land. In 1883 he married Susan E. Morris, who was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1860, and by her had two chil- dren: Sibyl E. and Gladys C. Both brothers are honorable mem- bers of the 1 .0. O. F., Glenwood Lodge, No. 233. McClellan L, Hays, the fourth son, was born in Lucas County, Iowa, in 1862, received a good common-school education, and is now engaged as salesman in his brother's store, in Glenwood, Mo. For over twenty- two years the Hays family have been residents of Schuyler County, and that name has always been synonymous of honesty and respectability. When Leroy Hays located here he had but little property, but at the time of his death owned 180 acres of choice land, and was regarded as one of the substantial farmers of the township, and his sons are now considered enterprising and well- to-do young farmers. Charles A. Hays is a son of Leroy and Sarah (Hobert) Hays, both natives of Union County, Ohio, where they were reared and married. They afterward moved to Lucas County, Iowa, and from there to Schuyler County, Mo., and located in Glenwood, where the mother still lives and where the father died. He was a tanner and carpenter by trade, and worked at those employments most of his life. After coming to Missouri he did a good deal of carpentering, and built the H. Nicholas Hotel and Glenwood Flouring Mill. He was a charter member of the I. O. O. F. Lodge, No. 233, at Glen- wood, and in politics was an active Democrat. The mother is a member of the Christian Church. Charles A. is the third son of a family of four sons and one daughter, and was born in Lucas County, Iowa. "When at the age of four years his parents moved to Glenwood, Mo., where he was reared upon a farm, and received a common-school education. When nineteen he obtained a teacher's license, but accepted a position in a store at a salary of $15 per month, but before half of the first month had expired his salary was raised to $25 per month for the remainder of the year. After three years of work at that place he went into the grocery business, has since increased the variety of his stock, and now owns a good general store and does a prosperous bus- iness. In 1882 he married Carrie Hodges, a native of Illinois. In politics Mr. Hays is a stanch Democrat, and he is a member of the I. O. O. F. " Besides his business property Mr. Hays owns the Opera Hall, a building 22x70 feet, which he built, and which is nicely fitted up. Dr. Cary W. Hight, druggist and prescriptionist, was born in Georgia, in 1844, and is a son of Nathan and Eliza (Horton) 1170 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Hight. The father is of German ancestry, and born in Virginia about 1809. He afterward went to Georgia, where he married the mother of our subject, who was a native of that State. After her death, in 1859, Mr. Hight married her sister, Miss Harriet. He has for many years been a resident of Louisiana, where he owns a large plantation. Gary W. was reared under parental instruction, and received a good academic and business educa- tion. Being of Southern birth and rearing, at the time of the late war, he, with a majority of the people of his adopted State, took up arms in the Confederate cause, enlisting in Company C, Twelfth Louisiana Volunteer Infantry, and was afterward trans- ferred to the cavalry, and was held in reserve at Shiloh. He was in the battle of Corinth and the siege of Vicksburg, after which his service ceased. In 1866 he went to Illinois, and soon after to Bandolph County, Mo., where, in 1868, he wedded Miss Nannie E., daughter of Robert Adams. This lady is a native of Randolph County, and has borne the Doctor two children: Emma F. and William B. He then came to Schuyler County, and in 1870 established a drug store at Green Top, two years late:t removing to Queen City. In early boyhood he developed a taste for his chosen profession, and with his past experience is now a thorough master of his business, and the selection and quality of his stock is very fine. He carries a full line of drugs, chem- icals, stationery, school books, etc. In 1872 he was elected jus- tice of the peace, but after a short service resigned. He is a Democrat, but cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant, in 1872. He is a member of the L O. O. F. Gibson R. Hombs. William Hombs, father of the subject of this sketch, is a son of Silas and Elizabeth (Nickelson) Hombs, both of whom were born in Garrett County, Ky., where they were reared and married. In 1818 they moved to Boone County, Mo., where they died at an advanced age. Both had been mem- bers of the Baptist Church for many years. The father served in the War of 1812. His occupation was that of farming, and he obtained a land warrant, which William located for him in this county. William was the fifth child of a family of eleven, and born in Boone County, Mo., July 26, 1826. He was reared upon the farm, and his education necessarily limited, his entire school life not aggregating more than three months. When fif- teen years old he began to work in a tanyard at $5 per month. In 1846 he was a volunteer in Ralls' Second Regiment, Missouri Volunteers, and served until _ th© end of the Mexican War, par- ticipating in the battles of Chihuahua and Santa Cruz. After returning home he farmed a year, and then in 1850 went to California, where he mined successfully for some time, and then SCHUYLEB COUNTY. 1171 ■went into the mercantile business. By the turning of the Tualma Kiver out of its course, in search of gold, the company of which he was a member lost over $12,000. In 1854 he returned home and began to collect stock with the intention of taking it to California, but his design was frustrated, and the following year he came to Schuyler County, and commenced to improve land. He now owns 1,200 acres of well cultivated land, and ranks among the substantial farmers of the county. In 1856 he married Mary A. Bippey, daughter of William V., a native of Monroe County, by whom he has had four children: Gibson E., John P., Willie D. and Mittie E. In politics he is a Democrat. He joined the Masonic order at Lancaster, thirty- one years ago, has filled all the chairs, and is now Master Mason of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427. Our immediate subject, Gibson B., was born January 1, 1857, in Glenwood Township, Schuyler Co., Mo. He was reared upon the farm, and during his early life received an education at the common schools of the neigh- borhood, which was afterward completed by two years' attend- ance at the State Normal School, at Kirksville. At the age of fifteen he began to clerk for Judge Logan, and, after remaining with him nine years, became his partner in the mercantile bus- iness. This partnership continued two years, and, in 1885, Mr Hombs and Mr. Blackwood formed a partnership, the firm being known as Blackwood & Hombs. In 1879 Mr. Hombs married Emma Case, a native of Ohio, and born April 1, 1860. Mrs. Hombs is a worthy member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Hombs is a stanch Eepublican. He is a Master Mason, and has been senior warden of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427, four years. He also belongs to the K. of P., being a charter mem- ber at Kirksville. He is one of the prosperous business men of the community, and one who has the respect of his friends and associates. Dr. W. M. Hunter was born in Brooke County, W. Va., in 1839, and is a son of John and Margaret (Hill) Hunter. The father was of Scotch descent, and was born in Scotland in 1803, where he was reared to manhood. He was married near Pitts- burgh, after coming to the United States, settled in Brooke County, W. Va., in 1843, and afterward moved to Allegheny County, Penn. He was a farmer by occupation, and died in 1853. The mother was born in Ireland, in 1814, and came to the United States after arriving at her maturity. Her death occurred in 1855. Our subject was the eldest of five children. His education was commenced at the common schools of Penn- sylvania, and he afterward attended DufE's College, taking the commercial course, and Mansfield Academy two terms. He went 1172 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. to Cooper County, Mo., and taught three terms, and in 1863 went to Fulton County, 111., and November 1, of the following year, mar- ried Miss Angle S. Tuthill, who was born in Genesee County, N. T., in 1843. They hare three living children: William B., Eobert and Mamie M. While teaching he began the study of medicine, and began to practice that profession in 1861. In 1867 he became a disciple of Blackstone, and engaged in that profession until 1882, when he came to Lancaster, Schuyler Co., Mo., and engaged in the mercantile business. In 1883 he bought The Excelsior, of which he has since been the sole manager. The paper is Democratic in politics, and has a circulation of about 1,500, being one of the leading weekly newspapers of North- east Missouri. The Doctor has always been a Democrat, and while in Illinois was township clerk, supervisor and township treasurer twelve years. In 1883 he was elected mayor of Lan- caster, serving one year. In 1885 he became a member of the board of education, which position he still holds, and in 1886 was elected a member of the town council. He is a Master Mason, and himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. Andrew Jackson, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Mor- gan County, Ind., and was born in 1838. He is a son of Samuel and Margaret (White) Jackson, and labored from home all the time from thirteen years of age, except in winter, when he cut wood for, and took care of his mother. Thus he received but a meager education, and that only through his own exertions. In 1857 he wedded Melissa J., daughter of William and Lavina Phipps, formerly of Kentucky. Mrs. Jackson was born in Macon County, Mo., and to her and our subject eight children have been born, all living: Sarah Marinda (wife of David O. Cripps), Benja- min Franklin (married to Elizabeth J. Singleton), Mary E., William T. S., James L., Fannie B., Maggie J. and Andrew O. Mr. Jackson remained in Macon County until 1866, and then came to Schuyler County, where he rented land for six years, and then purchased land three miles northwest of Queen City, which he has cultivated and improved, and which is now a fine farm of 320 acres. This property is the result of his own labor and good management, as he started in life a poor man. In 1862 he enlisted in Company M, Northeast Missouri Militia, and served two years, until the disbandment of his regiment. In 1864 he enlisted in Company H, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, and served in Tennessee, Missouri and Alabama, hav- ing been stationed at Fort Donelson, Nashville and TuUahoma, Tenn. He served as corporal until the close of the war, and then returned home, where he has made farming and stock rais- ing his occupation, and is one of the most practical farmers of SCHUYLEB COUKTY. 1173 the county. Mr. Jackson is a Eepublican, although he cast his first presidential vote for Stephen A. Douglas, in 1860. Since then he has voted for the Eepublican nominees. He is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity, and is identified with the Chris- tian Church. His father, Samuel Jackson, was a boatman upon the river for some years, and died, in 1840, while away from home. The family then removed to Macon County, Mo., and in 1866 came to Schuyler County, where the mother died in 1866, about sixty-four years of age. She was twice married, her first hus- band being a cousin of Andrew's father, and also a Mr. Jackson. William F. James was born September 21, 1830, in Pike County, Mo., and is the second of a family of nine children born to Morris and Mary S. (Beasley) James. His paternal grand- father in company with a brother were the first representatives of the family who located in Missouri, and the land upon which they farmed is now Broadway, St. Louis. The father of William F. moved to Pike County when a young man, and there married Miss Beasley, who had come to that county when a little girl. After living in that county some time he moved to Randolph County, from there to Macon, and from there to Putnam; but the chills were so prevalent in that district that the family finally removed to Schuyler County, Mo., January 4, 1837. The father died in California, where he had gone in 1850 with a brother, whose death also occurred in that State. The father of the notorious Jesse James, who was a cousin of Mr. James, preached his funeral sermon. In politics Mr. James was a Democrat, and in religion himself and wife were worthy members of the Chris- tian Church. Mrs. James survived her husband's death but four years. William F. was reared upon his father's farm, but, ow- ing to the lack of schools in that region, his education was very limited. At the age of sixteen he began life for himself, often work- ing for 25 cents a day, or making rails at 25 cents per hundred. His mother died when he was but nineteen, and then the care of four younger brothers fell upon him. Since then his life has been one of reverses, his chief occupations being farming and mer- chandising. In 1874 he opened a business house in Coatsville, which he still runs. Seventeen years ago he lost his all, but since that time has retrieved his fortunes, and, besides owning a good business, has 725 acres of land, 400 of which are coal land. In 1862 Mr. James enlisted in Company A, Seventh Missouri Militia, and served until the close of the war, when he was dis- charged at Hannibal, Mo. In 1851 he married Eliza Headley, who was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1882, and by her had four children: Martha J., John W., Mary A. B. and William I. F. In 1869 Mrs. James died, and the following year he mar- 1174 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. ried Mrs. Martha E. Locker (widow), who was born in Eussell County, Ky., in 1828. In politics Mr. James is a stanch Demo- crat. In Masonry he has taken all the degrees, extending to the Palm and Shell in Oriental Masonry, and is also a member of the I. O. O. F. De. N. Jewett, clerk of the circuit court and ex-officio recorder of Schuyler County, is a native of Union County, Ohio, and was born September 9, 1849, and is a son of Jared O. and Harriet S. (Butler) Jewett. The father traces his ancestry to two brothers, who left England previous to the Revolution, on a man-of-war, and came to America, one settling in Maine and one in Connecti- cut, the latter becoming the progenitor of the family of which our subject is a descendant. The father of Jared O. Jewett was born in Massachusetts, and served as major in the Bevo- lutionary War. Jared O. was born in Franklin County, Vt., in 1813, and in 1854 removed to Union County, Ohio, two years later coming to Schuyler County, Mo., where he located two miles west of Lancaster. In 1863 he settled in the town where he has since resided. He was married three times, and his second wife (the mother of our subject) was born in Franklin County, Vt., in 1815, and died in 1871. De. N. Jewett was the youngest of a family of three children, and, when seven years old, came to Schuyler County, and received his early education at the common schools of that county. In 1863 he attended Berkshire Seminary, in Franklin County, Vt., and after studying there for three years returned home, and farmed. November 1, 1872, he was appointed deputy circuit clerk, and served until October, 1878, when he was appointed circuit clerk, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Ward L. Munsell. In Novem- ber, of the same year, he was elected to that office, and in 1882 and 1886 was re-elected, thus forcibly illustrating his ability as an able and efficient officer. January 4, 1872, he married Miss AUie C. Ballenger, daughter of Joshua and Henrietta Ballenger. This lady was born in Eichmond, Wayne Co., Ind., in 1852, and has borne our subject two children: Carrie M. and Llewellyn Lee. in politics Mr. Jewett is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Horace Greeley, in 1872. He is a Master Mason, and a member of the A. O. U. W. He is a substantial and honored citizen, and owns five town lots and a building. His wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he to the Episcopal. Abraham Johnson, farmer and stock raiser, is a son of Thomas J. and Mary (Hull) Johnson, and was born in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1827. His father was of English descent, and was born in New Jersey, in 1793. When a boy he accompanied his parents SOHUYLEB COUNTY. 1175 to Ohio, where he married and spent the remainder of his days, his death occurring in 1837. He was a volunteer in the navy of 1812, but did not enter the service. The mother was born in Germany, in 1797. Her death occurred in 1874. After her first husband's death, in 1837, she was again married two years later, after which event our subject made his home with his uncle, Alexander Johnson. Young Abraham received but a lim- ited education in youth. In 1852 he took a trip through Iowa and Missouri, prospecting, and finally came to Schuyler County, of the latter State, and the same year (1852) married Mary Cour- rier, daughter of a Mr. Courrier, of Ohio, and to this marriage two children have been born: Sarah (wife of Logan Laurghty, and Frederick. Mrs. Johnson died in 1860, and the following year Mr. Johnson was married, in Washington County, Ohio, to Miss Catharine, daughter of Jacob and Margaret Mock, by whom he had ten children, all of whom save one are now living: Eli, Frank, Catharine, W. A., Newton, Riley, Julius, Clarence and Irvin. Mr. Johnson first located in Adair County, but soon returned to Schuyler County, and located three miles northeast of Queen City, where he has a fine farm of about 500 acres, all of which is the result of his industry and good management. He was for- merly a Democrat, but cast his first presidential vote for Qen. Taylor, but since the Rebellion has been strictly conservative. Dr. J. T. Jones was born in Woodford County, Ky., April 7, 1855. His father, Louis P., was a native of Virginia, and when a young man moved to Kentucky, where he married Miss Smith, by whom he had two sons and two daughters. Our subject was the youngest child, and, his parents having died when he was very young, he lived with his aunt upon the farm. His early educa- tion was received at the common schools, and at the age of twenty he came to Schuyler County, and attended the State Normal School at Kirksville two years. After completing his studies he began to teach school and to study medicine under Dr. W. B. Smith, of Downing, Schuyler County. He attended a course of lectures at the Keokuk College of Physicians and Surgeons, but graduated from the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, in 1884. He then opened a physician's office at Glenwood, and managed a drug store in the town. In 1886 he and his brother bought the stock of drugs, and have since conducted the business under the firm name of Jones Bros. In 1884 Dr. Jones married Jennie D. Cone, daughter of Hawley Cone. She is a native of Davis County, Iowa, born in 1863, her father having come orig- inally from Ohio. By her he has had two children: Mamie R. (deceased) and Florence M. Dr. Jones is a member of the Glenwood Lodge, No. 427, in Masonry, and in politics is a Dem- 1176 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. ocrat. During his three years' practice in Glenwood he has been very successful, and enjoys a liberal and lucrative patronage, Horace A. Jones is a son of Thomas B. and Ellen F. (Young) Jones, and was born in Wayne County, Iowa, February 22, 1861. The father was born in Indiana, and the mother was a native of Illinois, but both moved to Iowa during their youth. They were both teachers in the same school in that State, and formed a friendship which soon ripened into love. After their marriage Mr. Jones embarked in the drug business, in which he is still engaged. About 1866 he moved to Lancaster, Mo., but after residing there a number of years returned to Iowa, and is now doing business at Roland. He is a Republican. Mrs. Jones is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To them four children have been born: Horace A., Lute (wife of Charles E. Sterret, train dispatcher)', Paul W. and Benjamin. Horace A. was only nineteen years of age when he was chosen cashier of the Depositors' Bank at Glenwood, and, when that institution was transferred to Judge Logan, Mr. Jones' faithfulness and ability were rewarded by the same position under the new management. He received his education at the Lancaster schools, and is a young man of intelligence, ability and enterprise. He is the secretary of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427, of Masonry. In politics Mr. Jones is a Republican. He began life a poor boy, but, in connection with his banking interests, is also engaged in stock raising at the present time, and ranks among the prosperous young business men of the county. • Dr. Howard S. Justice was born December 13, 1836, in Colum- bus, Ohio, and is a son of Joseph and Jane Smith (Little) Jus- tice. The father was born in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1806, and farming was his occupation. His father, Robert Justice, was a native of Virginia, and a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He settled in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1800, where he died in 1836, at the age of eighty-five. Joseph Justice was married in 1832, and lived in Franklin County, Ohio, until 1838, when he moved to Vermillion County, Ind. In 1840 he went to Scotland County, Mo., and there was engaged in farming until his death, in 1874. His wife was born in Weathersfield County, Conn., in 1812, and at the age of three accompanied her parents, Nathaniel and Hitty (Deming) Little, to Franklin County, Ohio. She is now living with Dr. Justice, and is the mother of nine children, five of whom are living: Joseph H. (of Keokuk, Iowa), Howard S., Ellen E. (widow of William Childers), Hetty A. (wife of George Clarkson), and William F. (a physician of Lancaster). Howard S., the subject of this sketch, went to Scotland County, Mo., with his parents when but four years old, where he passed SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1177 his youth, and received his early education. At the age of nine- teen he left the parental roof, and started out in life for himself, first working with his uncle at the brick mason's trade in Springfield, 111. In 1859 he began the study of medicine, and in 1861 studied with Dr. O. George, of Bonaparte, Iowa. In 1862 he attended the State University, from the medical department of which he graduated February 15, 1865. He then pursued the practice of his profession, in Middle Fabius, Scotland County, until March, 1867, when he came to Lancaster, Mo., where he has since resided, with the exception of the spring of 1882, when he attended the practitioner course of the Chicago Medical College, Chicago, 111., and the winter of 1884-85, which himself and wife spent in Los Angeles, Cal. The fall of 1877 he was appointed United States Examining Surgeon, and served as such eight years. During his residence in Lancaster Dr. Justice has estab- lished a good and lucrative practice, and has become one of the most successful physicians of the county. He owns a dwelling, in a desirable locality of the town, which is valued at $5,000. He is a self-made man, having made his own way in the world since nine- teen years of age, and has also reared and educated his brother, William F., since the latter was fourteen years old. December 1, 1859, he was united in marriage with Miss Helen A. Smith, daughter of Horace and Nancy (Ferguson) Smith. This lady was born in Summit County, Ohio, March 21, 1844, and to her much of the Doctor's success may be attributed, as she has proved a faithful helpmate under all circumstances. She is a lady of rare artistic talent, and has executed some work of beauty and value. Dr. Justice is a Republican, and. oast his first vote for S. A. Douglas in 1860. February 3, 1880, he was elected president of the Schuyler County Bank, which position he filled for four years, also acting as director. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity of the Knight Templar degree, and himself and wife are members of the Christian Church. Conrad Raster, a leading farmer and stock raiser of Prairie Township, was born in Hardin (now La Eue) County, Ky., in 1829, and is a son of Nathan and Nancy (Gray) Raster, both natives of Rentucky. The father was born in 1792 and was of Dutch and Irish ancestry. He was married about 1814, and in 1855 removed to Adair County, Mo., where he died May 6, 1865. His father, Conrad Raster, was a native of Pennsylvania, and an early settler of Rentucky, where he greatly assisted in driving the Indians from the State. The mother of Conrad, Jr., was two years her husband's senior, and died in 1842, after which her husband married a second time, in 1854, Mrs. Lear Gray becom- ing his wife, Coorad Raster, our subject, received a lipjited 1178 BIOGBAPHICAL APPENDIX. common-school education while living at home, and in 1851 was married to Sarah J., daughter of Stephen and Elizabeth Oastle- man. To her union with Mr. Raster thirteen children were born, all living with the exception of one, viz. : Elizabeth (wife of D. W. Starbuck), Nancy, Matilda (wife of Newton J. Dufer), Stephen, James and Ida (twins) — Ida is the wife of Sigel Coons — Nathan, Martha and Mary (twins) — Mary is the wife of Eli John- son — Uretta and Henrietta (twins), Philip, and Florence J. (deceased). Mr. Raster remained in Rentucky until 1855, and then removed to Schuyler County, and located four miles south- east of Queen City, where his home has since been. He now owns over 500 acres of choice land, which is under a fine state of cultivation and improvement, and is one of the most enterprising and prosperous farmers of the county. In politics he has always been united with the Democratic party, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Pierce, in 1852. Mrs. Raster is a member of the Missionary Baptist Chutch. J. W. Relso, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Vermillion County, Ind., in 1836, and moved to Fulton County, 111., when he was about five years old, where he grew to manhood. When fifteen he became an apprentice at the cooper's trade, and worked at that business, until 1862, at Rock Island, Peoria, and in Fulton County, 111. He came to Schuyler County, Mo., in 1873, and there engaged in agricultural pursuits, at which occupation he has since been engaged, and is now the owner of a well improved and cultivated farm of 200 acres, which is the result of his frugality, industry and good management, as he has had no material assistance from friends or relatives. In 1857 he was united in marriage to Miss Emsy Pritchard, who was born in Licking County, Ohio, in 1841, and taken by her parents to Fulton County, 111., when quite young. Her union with Mr. Relso has been blessed with nine children: David V., Frank P., George McOlellan, Wesley S., Faety S., Ida May, Athelston, Walter H. and Clarence. In politics Mr. Relso is a Democrat, but has never sought nor held office. His parents had nine chil- dren, of whom he was the youngest. The father, Thomas, was a Scotchman. Archibald Relso was born in Baltimore, Md., in 1761. His mother was Lucinda (Rendall) Relso, a German lady, but born in Virginia, and she moved with her parents, Enoch and Sarah Rendall, to Licking County, Ohio, where the parents of the mother lived and died. Arius Ring, a well-to-do farmer, is the eldest of a family of ten children born to John S. and Nancy (Hays) Ring, natives of Ohio, and afterward residents of Rosciusko County, Ind., from 1886 to 1865, when they went to Lucas County, Iowa. There SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1179 the father died in 1855, at the age of seventy-five, but the mother still lives at the advanced age of seventy- two. In early life Mr. King was a hatter, but, as that was not a profitable business, he afterward engaged in farming. In politics he was formerly a Whig, but joined the Republican party after its organization. Mrs. King is a member of the Christian Church, but Mr. King was a Universalist. Arius King was born December 18, 1834, in Franklin County, Ohio, and during his youth received a com- mon-school education. When nineteen he drove cattle to Cali- fornia, where he resided two years, but at the end of that time joined his parents in Iowa. In 1857 he was married to Nancy Hellier, a native of Morgan County, Ohio, and by her had four children: Vance A., JohnM., Frank and Eliza J. (wife of George Camden). When starting out in life for himself Mr. King had a capital of but $3, but now, after twenty-two years' residence in Schuyler County, is the owner of 180 acres of land adjoining Glenwood, under a good state of cultivation. In politics he is a Republican. He is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Glenwood Lodge, No. 233, and to Glenn Encampment. Bennett Kratzer, ex-judge of Schuyler County, was born in Brown County, Ohio, in 1828, and is a son of Samuel and Eliz- abeth (Still) Kratzer. The former was of German descent, and born in Ohio, in 1806. He was a farmer by occupation, and was mai'ried in Brown County, where he spent the remainder of his life, his death occurring in 1883. He was twice married, his second wife being Mahala (Malott) Kratzer, who survives. The mother of our subject died in 1840, and was the mother of five children, of whom Bennett was the eldest. When sixteen years of age he began life for himself as an apprentice to a blacksmith, working three years for his board and clothes, and receiving three months' schooling. He then worked as a journeyman a year, after which he bought out his teacher, and began business on his own responsibility. In the fall of 1855 he came to Schuy- ler County, Mo., and a year later purchased 160 acres of land, where he now resides, and, in connection with farming, built a blacksmith shop, and worked at his trade many years. He now owns 288 acres of land in the county, and ranks as one of its highly respected and substantial farmer citizens. October 29, 1848, he married Miss Mary Heaton, daughter of James and Elizabeth Heaton, a native of Brown County, Ohio, where she was born in 1831. To this union seven children were born, viz. : Alonzo, Melissa (wife of Anderson York, of Davis County, Iowa), Leila F. (wife of Albert York), James D. (physician at Lancas- ter), Theresa (wife of Noah Butts), Charley F. (physician of Savannab, Iowa) and May. In politics he has long been a 1180 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Franklin Pierce, in 1852. He served as justice of the peace in 1865, and in 1880 was elected county judge, and served two years with great effi- ciency. Himself, wife and six children are members of the Christian Church. Dr. James D. Kratzer was born in Brown County, Ohio, in 1855, and is a son of Judge Bennett and Mary (Heaton) Krat- zer. [See sketch of Bennett Kratzer, Fabius Township.] Our subject received his early education at the home schools, and the State Normal at Kirksville. In 1880 he began to study medicine under Dr. D. N. Dooley, at Savannah, Iowa, and March 3, 1886, graduated as an M. D. from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Keokuk, Iowa. He then went to Lancaster, and began the practice of his chosen profession, in which he has met with marked success, having a large practice, and being highly esteemed by the community. In 1875 he married Miss Jane Enlow, who was born in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1859. This lady died September 14, 1879, and in December, 1882, Mr. Kratzer was united in marriage to Miss Mattie, daughter of Dr. D. N. Dooley. Mrs. Kratzer was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1866, and is a worthy and consistent member of the Christian Church, as is also her husband. In politics the Doctor is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for S. J. Tilden, in 1876. Thomas Pleasant Leedom, farmer and stock raiser, is a na- tive of Lancaster, Mo., and was born October 28, 1853. He is a son of Asa and Susan (Woodson) Leedom. The father was born in Ohio, in 1882, is a tailor by trade, but now resides upon a farm. He is of English descent, and came to Schuyler County, in 1845, with his father, Thomas Leedom, a native of Ohio, who is now eighty-seven years old, and one of the oldest living set- tlers of Schuyler County. Asa was married in that county, and at the age of sixteen learned his trade, at which he worked twenty- five years in Lancaster. In 1877 he settled upon the place where he now lives, which consists of eighty acres of land. His wife is of English descent, and was born in Kentucky, near Har- risburg, in 1825. She is the mother of eight children: James L., Thomas P., William A., John M. (M. D. ), Alonzo, Loretta (wife of C. L. Hounsom), Willard Q. and Amos. Our subject attended school in Lancaster, at the State Normal at Kirksville, and in 1874 took the commercial course at the Business College in Keo- kuk, Iowa, of which institution he is a graduate. He was then appointed deputy county collector by W. A. Coffey, and, upon the death of the latter, in September, 1878, was appointed to fill bis unexpired ternj. In 1879 he was appointed deputy cqlleQtQf SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1181 by Frank A. Irvin, and served as such until 1882, when he was elected county collector, and in 1884 was re-elected without opposition in his party. He collected the highest per cent of taxes of any collector in the State, averaging from 95 to 97 per cent, and in all respects proved himself to be a worthy and efficient officer of public trust. He is a leading Democrat of his county, a member of the Masonic and I. O. O. F. orders, and a charter member of the A. O. U. W. lodge in Lancaster. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his wife to the Lutheran. By industry, economy and good management Mr. Leedom has accumulated 440 acres of land in one tract, which is well im- proved and cultivated, and upon which is a well-built house and good outbuildings. August 24, 1884, he married Miss Annie Elizabeth Pansier, who was born in Preston County, W. Va., October 19, 1860, and to this union one child has been born — Thomas P., Jr. William Wallace Lucas, farmer and stock dealer, is a native of Highland County, Ohio, where he was born in 1830, and is a son of William and Nancy (Owen) Lucas. The father was born in Pennsylvania, was of English descent, and a farmer by occu- pation. His death occurred in 1832. His wife was born in Ohio, and of Irish descent. She died in 1841, at the age of forty- five. She was the mother of three sons: Elijah, John and our subject. William was only two years of age at the death of his father, and ten at the death of his mother. He was educated at South Salem, Ohio, making his home with his uncle, Samuel Lucas, after the death of his mother. At the age of nineteen he left his uncle's house, and when of age began to teach, and con- tinued occupied at that profession five years, his labors being in Highland, Ross and Pike Counties. In the spring of 1856 he left his native State, and went to Van Buren County, Iowa, and in August of the same year he married Miss Lucy Jane Oldaker, who was born in Highland County, Ohio, in 1829. To them seven children have been born, these now living: Armetheus, Cromwell, Sarah Florelen and John Elsworth. Immediately after his marriage Mr. Lucas came to Schuyler County, Mo., and settled upon the Chariton Eiver, and in 1860 located where he now resides, his home place being upon his original purchase of 160 acres. He was but a penniless youth when starting in life for himself, and has endured all the hardships incident to poverty and pioneer life, but by industry, economy and good management, is now the owner of 1,000 acres of good land, and a well-stocked farm, keep- ing on an average from 100 to 150 head of cattle, 300 to 500 head of sheep, ten to fifteen horses, and from forty to sixty hogs. He is one of the largest landholders in the county, and consid- 1182 BIOGKAPHiCAL APPENDIX. ered one of its most substantial and prominent citizens. He lost his wife March 14, 1886, and his daughter Sarah now keeps house for him. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce, in 1852. Henry A. Lehye, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Hesse- Darmstadt, Germany, and was born in 1833. His father, John, was also a native of that place, and born in 1798. He was a farmer, and immigrated to the United States, where he bought 160 acres of land in Hancock County, 111. He died in 1863. The mother of our subject, Anna Margaret (Wisserman) Leyhe, was born in 1797 in Hesse-Kassel, Germany, and is the mother of three children, Henry A. being the second. Henry was ten years of age when he came to America, and until the age of twenty lived with his parents. In 1858 he married Miss Fred- rica Schafer, whose birthplace was the same as his. She was born in November, 1840, and has ten living children: Henry I., Mary 0. (wife of Samuel Snowberger), Leonard F., William A., Louisa, Edward, Albert, Helen, Bertha and Franklin. In 1865 ' Mr. Leyhe came to Schuyler County, Mo., and purchased 230 acres of land, where he now resides. He now owns 447 acres, has one of the finest farms in Liberty Township, and keeps on an average about seventy-five head of stock. He is a highly re- spected citizen, and in politics affiliates with the Democratic party, his first presidential vote having been cast for James Buchanan in 1856. He is a Master Mason, and a member of the A. O. U. W., and himself and wife are members of the German Lutheran Church. William Logan, banker, was born near the historic battle ground of the Brandy wine, upon the anniversary of that battle, September 11, 1848, and is a son of E,ev. William P. and Sarah J. (McComb) Logan, natives of Chester Coanty, Penn., and born in 1822 and 1825, respectively. They were reared and married in their native State where they lived until 1852, when they moved to Adams County, 111. ; in 1855 moved to Hancock County, 111. ; then in 1872 they removed to Atchison County, Mo., where they still reside. Both are active members of the Methodist Protestant Church, of which the father has been a local minister for thirty years, although his chief occupation has been farming. In politics he has always been a Republican. The father's ances- tors came from England with William Penn, and settled in Penn- sylvania. The mother's paternal ancestors came from Ireland, and the maternal from Scotland. Mrs. Logan is a distant rela- tive of Gen. McComb, of Revolutionary fame. William Logan, the subject of this sketch, is the second of ten children born to his parents. The sixth child died September 10, 1887, which SCH0YLEK COtJKTY. 1183 was the first death in the family. William was educated at the common schools of Illinois, and when eighteen years of age began life for himself. He farmed in Illinois until 1861, and in 1869 removed to Memphis, Mo., where he engaged in the saw- mill business until 1871, when he came to Schuyler County and conducted several saw-mills. He became a sub-contractor in a $40,000 railroad tie contract, but upon the failure of his superior contractors in 1872 he was left penniless. Then for five years he engaged in the mercantile business although he was still in- terested in the tie trade. In 1882 he and others organized a bank at Macon, Mo., and the following year reorganized it into a national bank, of which Mr. Logan became president; he also opened the Logan's Bank at Glenwood, in 1882. In connection with his banking interests he is largely engaged in farming, owns 3,200 acres of land well stocked and improved, and has large landed interests in Kansas and other Western States; is connected with various financial institutions in Kansas, notably, in the Kansas First Mortagage Company of Hutchinson, Kas.'; his wealth is estimated at from $150,000 to $200,000. In 1871 he married Sarah J. Jackson, a native of Illinois, where she was born in 1849, and by her two children, William A. and Eva B., have been born. In politics Mr. Logan is a stanch Republican, in 1884 was elected associate county judge, and in 1886 was chosen chief county judge; he was elected by his party in a county that has a Democratic majority of 850. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and has been the Master of Lodge No. 427, at Glenwood, for seven successive years. He is also a mem- ber of the Royal Arch Chapter, No. 53, at Kirksville, Mo., and Ely Commandery, No. 22, at the same place. Mr. Logan is a self- made man, a prominent and respected citizen, and a prosperous and enterprising business man. The St. Louis Globe Democrat, in a recent issue, said the following concerning Mr. Logan: "William Logan, of Glenwood; estimated wealth, $150,000; owns 3,000 acres worth $75,000; $6,000 town property; $10,000 bank stock; 500 head of cattle and mules; has land in Kansas and Texas, and much money loaned out; all accumulated in last ten years; made a start dealing in railroad ties and timber; property highly improved ; lands all in grain ; cattle high graded ; proprietor of Logan's Bank in Glenwood; native of Illinois; Republican; elected county judge in 1884; twelve years in county." James P. Logan, farmer and stock dealer, was born in Jo Daviess County, 111., in 1852, and is the second of six chil- dren of William M. and Elizabeth (Claypole) Logan. The father was of Irish and Scotch descent, and was born in Jackson 1184 BiOGKAPfllOAt APPENDIX. County, Ind. When seventeen years old he went to Illinois, and when about thirty-two years of age married in Jo Daviess County, where he spent the remainder of his life as a farmer and stock dealer. He was a man of considerable property, and held various township offices. His death occurred in 1885. The mother was twice married, and is still living in Jo Daviess County, 111. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject lived at home and received a common-school education during his youth, which he completed at the German and English Normal School, at Galena, 111. In 1873 he came to Schuyler County, and located two miles northeast of Green Top, where he now owns 320 acres of the choice land of Schuyler County, which he has finely cultivated and improved, making him one of the most substantial farmers of the county. He was married in 1877 to Miss Drusilla, daughter of Moses and Mary Towles, a native of Schuyler County, by whom he has had four children, three living: Clarence, Myrtle, William Henry and Bessie. Mr. Logan is an enterprising and respected citizen, a member of the Masonic fraternity, and a Republican in politics, having cast his first presidential vote for Gen. Grant. M. H. McCloskey, farmer, stock raiser and carpenter, was born July 24, 1844, in Hartford County, Md., and moved to Wheeling, W. Va., when quite small. In 1846 he went to Lee County, Iowa, and in August of 1855 came to Schuyler County, Mo., where he has since resided, engaged in farming. He owns a well improved farm of 256 acres, and is one of the well-to-do farmer citizens of the county. April 8, 1875, he was married to Miss Nancy E. Ashworth, a native of Schuyler County, Mo., by whom he had one child — Matthew. This lady died April 16, 1876, and June 19, 1879 Mr. McCloskey was united in marriage to Miss Susan M. Howard, a native of Schuyler County, Mo., this union being blessed with the following children: Mary J., Allen, Eddie F., Emma and John Henry. Mr. and Mrs. McClos- key are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian and Christian Churches, respectively. In politics Mr. McCloskey is a Eepub- lican in principle, and has served his township in several official capacities. February 14, 1865, he enlisted and served until the close of the war, being mustered out at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Mo. He was the youngest child of three born to Paul and Jane (McMillan) McCloskey, natives of Pennsylvania. The father was born near Lancaster, Penn. Mrs. McCloskey was the daughter of John McMillan, of Scotch descent, and born July 15, 1807. Her death occurred April 12, 1884. Thomas McGoldrick was the fifth of a family of thirteen children of Thomas and Jane (Leedom) McGoldrick, and was Schuyler county. 1185 born in Allegheny County, Penn., in 1830. His father was born in Pittsburgh, Penn., in 1793, where he was reared and engaged in making edged tools. After his marriage he lived upon a farm until 1832, and then moved to Hardin County, Ohio. In 1847 he sought a home in Schuyler County, where he died in 1850. He was a Democrat in politics, and for six years served as magis- trate. Mr. and Mrs. McGoldrick were both members of the Christian Church. Mrs. McGoldrick died in 1872 at the age of sixty-nine. Our immediate subject was reared upon the farm, and received but a common-school education. After the death of his father the care of his mother and the family devolved upon him, and he remained at home until twenty- five years of age, when he began life as an independent farmer. In 1857 he was united to Anna Weldon, who was born in Lewis County, Mo., in 1836. This union has been blessed with nine children: Charley, Lemoine, Eugene, Cora, Fannie, William B., Howard, Mollie L. and Ota. In politics Mr. Gold- rick is a Democrat, and during the late war served in the en- rolled militia. He is a Mason of Glenwood Lodge, No. 427, and himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. Mr. McGold- rick is an old resident of Schuyler County, having made his home here over forty years. He is the owner of 300 acres of choice land, and is a successful farmer, at which occupation he has made all his wealth. Eobert J. Maize was born in Jackson County, Ala., in 1822, and is a son of David and Katie (Acre) Maize, natives of Vir- ginia and Wayne County, Ky., respectively. After their mar- riage they moved to Jackson County, Ala., and after living there six years removed to Lawrence County, Ind., where the mother died. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, and served in New Orleans under Gen. Jackson. He was a farmer by occupation. Mrs. Maize was a member of the Baptist Church. After the death of his father, in Illinois, Robert J. accompanied a widowed aunt to Randolph County, Mo., and from there, in 1837, went to Schuyler County, Mo. Being but a lad of fifteen, at the time, he was not very enterprising, but, nevertheless, took up a claim. Later his ambition was aroused, and he became one of the most stirring business men of the community, and at one time owned 520 acres of land which he later disposed of. He is now living a retired life upon the interest of his property. In 1844 he married Louisa Riggsby, who was born in Macon County, Mo., in 1826. This union has been blessed with twelve children, eight of whom still live: Sarah A, Mary B., Martha M., Perry T., Nancy K., Cindica A., George W., Matilda R., Louisa B., Charles R., Julia E. andBphraim H. In politics Mr. Maize is a stanch il86 BIOGEAPHiCAL APPENDIX. Democrat, and during the late war served as captain of Com- pany 0, Twenty-ninth Enrolled Militia. His first presidential vote was cast for James K. Polk. Mr. Maize served his county some years as magistrate, and in his fifty years' residence here has won the esteem and honor of all his fellow citizens. Him- self and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Heni-y A. Miller was born in Monroe County, Wis., January 16, 1854, and for a couple of years lived in Marquette County, that State, when the family moved to Iowa in 1858. He is the son of A. D. and J. B. M. Miller, who were natives of Eastern Ohio, in and near Eavenna, where some of their relatives still reside. A. D. Miller's father was a German, while his mother was of English descent. He followed farming principally in early life, although he tried several other branches of business at dif- ferent times. He was born in 1821. He was married, about 1843, to Miss Julia George, who was of New England parentage, and whose great-great-grandmother, on her mother's side, was one of the Mayflower pilgrims. She (Miss George) was born in 1825. In 1848 A. D. Miller moved his family to Wisconsin, then a new country, their neighbors being chiefly the Chip- pewa Indians, and it was among these neighbors that the subject of our sketch first saw the light. A. D. Miller, his father, was one of the California gold seekers of 1851, going " across " in an ox wagon, and coming back, poor, by the Panama Isthmus and New York. He was also one of the early settlers of Kansas, putting together the saw-mill and sawing out the cottonwood lumber for the first house in Eureka, the county seat of Green- wood County, where he died in 1881. Mrs. J. B. M. Miller died in Iowa in 1870. Henry, their son, was one of eight children, and in 1866, at the age of twelve, was apprenticed in the Excel- sior printing ofiice in Lancaster, Mo., where he worked, until in 1871 he and Mr. S. A. Dysart purchased the office. His educa- tional advantages were very limited, being confined to the Iowa public schools till the age of twelve, and, after that time, such instruction as he could obtain from a private teacher, of evenings ; he managed, however, to master the usual English branches, besides making considerable progress in German. In 1873 he purchased sole control of the Excelsior, which prospered very well under his management until 1883, when he traded it to W. M. Hunter for a stock of general merchandise, and has been engaged in the mercantile business ever since, having, however, associated himself as a partner with Mr. W. P. Murphy, in 1885. In all his business ventures Mr. Miller has been moderately suc- cessful, and the firm of Murphy & Miller does one of the most extensive businesses in the county. Mr. Miller was married, in SCHUYLER COUNTY. llS? 1875, to Miss Ella Potter, a native of Ohio, and a daughter of W S. Potter, one of the early settlers of the Buckeye State, and who still survives at the age of eighty-one. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Miller: Anna, Prank and Charles. In politics Mr. Miller is a Democrat, having been elected by that party to the office of county treasurer, in 1882, which office he filled for two years. He is also a Master Mason and a member of the A. O. U. W. Albert Minear, farmer, was born in Van Buren County, Iowa, in 1841, and is a son of Samuel and Thaney (Ehoads) Minear. When about five years of age he was brought by his parents to Schuyler County, where he was reared upon the farm, and received but a common-school education. In 1862 he enlisted in Company G, Second Missouri Cavalry, Union army, and veteranized in 1864 in Company G, Forty-second United States infantry. For two years he served as corporal. At the close of the war he returned home, and has since successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits. In 1865 he was united in marriage to Rachel Thompson, a native of Putnam County, Mo., and by her has had seven children: Armada, Alzada, Vesper, Clara, Leafie, Albert and Isaac E. In politics Mr. Minear is in hearty sym- pathy with the Republican party. He is a member of the G. A. R. Post No. 25, Department of Missouri, and is also united with the A. O. U. W. He owns a good farm of 160 acres, and is one of the prosperous and enterprising farmers of the township. H. F. Minium, farmer and stock raiser, was born January 28, 1838, in Crawford County, Penn., and is the eldest of six chil- dren born to Sampson P. and Julia Ann (Cole) Minium, natives of Crawford County, Penn. The father was a soldier during the Rebellion, and served part of the time as drum major, and the remainder had charge of the barracks at St. Joe, Mo. The mother was a daughter of Jacob and Christine (Rennor) Cole, natives of Westmoreland County, Penn. H. F. Minium went to Brown County, 111., August 29, 1855, and September 24, 1867, came to Schuyler County, Mo., locating in Independence Town- ship, where he has since resided. He received a common-school education, and at the age of twenty -two started in life for him- self, with no capital save energy, perseverance and good bus- iness ability. He at first worked as a farm hand, but is now the owner of 150 acres of finely improved land. February 22, 1860, he was married to Miss Sarah E. Davis, a native of Brown Count}--, 111., who bore him two children: Alice A. and Allen L. Mrs. Minium died in September, 1863, at the age of twenty-two, and October 11, 1864, Mr. Minium married Miss Martha McCon- nel, a native of Scott County, 111. This union was blessed with 1188 BtOGKAPHICAL AtPENDlX. eight children: Quincy A., Marcellus, Eose, Homer (deceased), Ida, Laura (deceased), Florida and Wayne. This lady died December 29, 1883, having been a devoted Christian for twenty- five years. March 5, 1885, Mr. Minium was united in marriage to Miss Fannie E. Blodgett, a native of Indiana, but principally reared in Schuyler County, Mo. She was born about 1848, and is the mother of one child — Dora I. Mr. and Mrs. Minium are members, of the Christian Church, of which the former has been ruling elder for twenty years. While living in Illinois he was ordained, in April, 1867, by the Union Baptist Church. He is independent in politics, and cast his first presidential vote for Stephen A. Douglas. He was elected justice of the peace in a strong Democratic township, and served four years. In 1886 he was a candidate on the Republican (with which party he has principally acted since 1862) ticket for the Legislature, but was defeated by 400 majority, on account of the county being so strongly Democratic. The paternal grandparents of the subject of this sketch, Henry and Elizabeth (PeifPer) Minium, were natives of Pennsylvania. Henry Minium was a soldier in the War of 1812, and was stationed at Fort Erie. He was a son of Henry Minium, a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He was born near the western line of Germany, and came to America with Gen. LaFayette. Dr. William F. Mitchell was born in Schuyler County, Mo., September 22, 1842, and is a son of Isaac and Sarah (Under- wood) Mitchell. The father was a farmer, and born in Harby, England, in 1815, and in 1837 came to the United States, and located in Green County, 111. In 1841 he married and came to Schuyler County, Mo., and entered 280 acres of land in Liberty Township, three miles south of Lancaster, which has since remained in the family. In 1865 he removed to Alton, 111., and in 1873 went to Girard, where he died in 1885. He was one of the early settlers of Schuyler County, and an active and influen- tial man in the county, in the welfare of which he is greatly in- terested. His wife was born in Cynthiana, Ky., in 1812, and is now a resident of Girard, 111. She is the mother of four chil- dren: William F., Robert J. (a physician of Girard, 111., and a graduate of Shurtleff and Rush Medical Colleges), John M. (who died in service at Memphis, Tenn., in 1864), and Mary J. (a graduate of Monticello Seminary, Godfrey, 111., and who resides with her mother). When nineteen our subject began to teach, and the following year entered ShurtlefE College, having previ- ously attended Mrs. Baird's school in Lancaster. He also taught two terms in Illinois, and in 1866 entered the medical depart- ment of the State University of Michigan, from which institution SCHU-JLER COUNTY. 1189 he graduated March 25, 1868. He immediately began to prac- tice at his birthplace, and his still and fine character soon gained him an extensive and lucrative practice, and placed him among the leading physicians and surgeons of the county. In 1880 he joined the Missouri State Medical Association, and in 1885 the American Medical Association, of which he is the only member from Schuyler County. He is greatly interested in all advancement made in the medical world, and has done much for the literary progress of Lancaster. July 26, 1863, Dr. Mitch- ell married Miss Lizzie T. Marshall, who was born in Greene County, III, March 26, 1846. To this union ten children have been born: Elmer L., Mary A., Elillian Maud, Sarah, William F., Jr., Bertha, Kobert J., George Herbert, Frederick and Oliver Wendell Holmes. In politics the Doctor is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for U. S. Grant, in 1868. He is a Noble Grand in Odd Fellowship, and Past Master Workman of the A. O. U. W., and examining surgeon of the same. He is also surgeon of the Keokuk & Western Eailroad, and is the United States Pension Examining Surgeon of Schuyler County. His wife is a Methodist. Dr. Mitchell during the war of the Kebellion was a strong Unionist, and in "the times that tried men's souls" never hesitated to actively and urgently advocate the cause of Union arms. He supported the election of Samuel J. Tilden, and has acted with the Democratic party ever since. Thomas J. Mock was born in Schuyler County, Mo., in 1849, and is the youngest of seven children born to Elijah and Mary (Shackelford) Mock. The father was born in Bourbon County, Ky., and the mother was a native of the same State. During its early history they moved to Missouri, and located first in Howard County, then moved on to Scotland County, and afterward perma- nently located in Schuyler County, where they were among the pioneer settlers. Mr. Mock was a cabinet-maker by trade, but after coming to Missouri spent most of his time farming and coal mining, being more extensively interested in the latter. He opened the first mine in the county on the Chariton River. In politics he was Democratic in his views. Both Mr. and Mrs. Mock died in this county. Thomas J. was reared upon the farm. His educational advantages were very limited, as there were but few schools in the country in those days. At the age of eighteen he became interested in coal mining, and for fourteen winters he occupied his time in that manner. He is still engaged in the same business with his brothers, A. J. and Alfred, and, in partner- ship with the former, operates a saw-mill. He also owns a fine farm, and is considered one of the best and most enterprising busin^sg well of tl^e wnnty, of wljich he has been a residerit 1190 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. thirty-eight years. In 1870 he was united in marriage to Eliza Pennington, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1852, and by her has had three children: Eugene, Lunia and Alfred. Both him- self and wife are members of the Christian Church. In politics Mr. Mock is a Democrat, and in Masonry a member of Glen- wood Lodge, No. 427. William S. Morgan, a prominent farmer and stock raiser of Eabius Township, was born in Marion County, Mo., in 1852. and moved to Schuyler County, Mo., in 1856, where he since resided. He started in life for himself, at the age of seventeen, with no capital, but by energy, perseverance and economy, now owns a nicely improved farm of 140 acres, upon which he lives, engaged in farming and stock raising. In 1875 he was united in marriage to Miss Lorinda Cook, who was born in Texas, and reared in Missouri. To her union with Mr. Morgan five children have been born: Sarah E. (deceased) ; Mary E., Oscar, Homer and Lulu May. Both Mr. and Mrs. Morgan are worthy and prominent members of the Missionary Baptist Church, of which the former has been a deacon about ten years. Politically Mr. Morgan is a Democrat, and as such has served his county very acceptably as coiastable. He belongs to the I. O. 0. F. He is the eldest of three children of John and Mary Ann (Hodges) Morgan, natives of England and Kentucky, respectively. The father accompanied his parents to America when nine years old, and settled first in Marion County, Mo., but now resides in Schuyler County, of that State. The mother was a daughter of John and Malinda (Stone) Hodges, of Kentucky, and died in 1865. One year later Mr. Morgan was again married, to Miss Nancy MuUinix, and that union was blessed with two children, now deceased. Mr. Morgan was a son of Emanuel and Martha (Giutus) Morgan, natives of Southwest England. The former went to California in 1849, and, on returning home, died of chol- era at Cairo, 111. W. P. Murphy, of the firm of Murphy & Miller, was born in Clark County, Mo., in 1846, and is a son of Ruel and Elizabeth Murphy. The father was born in Virginia in 1799, and in his youth went to Kentucky, where he married. In 1836 he removed to Clark County, Mo., and lived there until his removal to Mem- phis, Mo., in 1881. He was one of the pioneer settlers of North- east Missouri, and died in 1885. Mrs. Murphy was born in Virginia in 1804, and died in 1880. She was the mother of eleven children, our subject being the youngest. W. P. was edu- cated at the common schools of his native county, and in 1869 came to Lancaster, established a grocery store for himself, and has since been constantly engaged iu business at Lancaster, with th§ SCHUYLEK COUNTY. 1191 exception of the year 1884, which he spent in Eldorado, Kas., in the grocery business. From 1875 to 1879 Mr. C. W. Bunch and Mr. Murphy were partners, and in 1885 the present firm of Mur- phy & Miller was established. They are energetic business men, and carry a fine stock of goods, and do the largest business in their line in Lancaster. In May, 1868, Mr. Murphy married Miss Dora Board, a native of Lewis County, Mo., and by her had one child — Ruel. Mrs. Murphy died in 1870, and three years later Mr. M. married Miss Ida "Walker, daughter of James Wal- ker. Mrs. Murptiy was born in Ohio, and is the mother of three children: Guy, Earl and Paul. He is a Master Mason, and a member of the I. O. O. E. In politics Mr. Murphy is a Democrat. T. G. Neeley, judge, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Schuyler County, Mo., was born in 1849, and is a son of Robert S. and Julia D. (Jones) Neeley. The father was born in Ohio, near Lancaster, in 1821, and about 1844 came to Schuyler Coun- ty, and settled upon the farm now owned by Russell Jones. He was married in this county in 1879, and" then sold out and moved to Alamosa, Colo., where he now resides. He came to Schuyler Cbunty during the early history of that section of the country, and the first county court held in that vicinity was held at his house. He assisted in laying out the town of Lancaster, which he named in honor of the county seat in his native State and county. The mother of our subject was of German descent, born in Indiana, and died in 1854. T. G. is the eldest of a family of four children, and lived with his father until eighteen years of age, being educated in schools at Lancaster. In 1867 he went to Colorado and Wyoming, being absent about eighteen months, most of the time having been spent in hunting. In 1869 he returned to his birth-place, and in January, 1870, married Miss Hannah Elizabeth, daughter of John Einoher, a native of Greene County, Tenn., and born in 1849. She came to Schuyler County, Mo., when two years of age, and is the mother of six children: Martha C, Ida M., Minnie B., OUie M., Robert Lee and Bertha I. In 1872 Mr. Neeley located where he now resides, and is the owner of 202 acres of fine land, and keeps an average of seventy- five head of cattle per annum. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote in 1872 for Horace Greeley. He was elected county judge of the Northern District of Schuyler County for a term of two years, in 1886, and is now discharg- ing the duties of that office with fidelity and zeal, and has won the esteem of the entire community. William D. O'Briant, retired farmer, is a son of Zachariah and Elizabeth (Javoiden) O'Briant, natives of Virginia, born in 1792 and 1787, respectively. They were married in 1816, and 1192 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. lived iu their native State until 1839. They then lived in Ken- tucky until 1852, and came to Schuyler County, Mo., where they spent the remainder of their days, dying in 1867, their deaths occurring four months apart. Both were active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, and, while erecting a fort at Camp Holly, was crippled for life by the falling of a log. In early life he was an overseer, but later turned his attention to farming. In politics he was a Democrat. Of a family of seven children, William D. and the youngest were born in Prince Edward County, Va. William was reared upon the farm, and attended school about a year at a primitive log school-house. In 1852 he married Eliza- beth Foglesong, daughter of Charles Foglesong. Mrs. O'Briant was born in W^ythe County, Ya., and to her union with Mr. O'Briant six children have been born: Henry W., Harriet J. (deceased wife of W. L. Stacy), Zachariah, James E., William C. and an infant (deceased.) In politics Mr. O'Briant and all his sons are Democrats. He began life a poor man, but by industry and the assistance of his faithful wife he became the owner of 275 acres of land, of which he now owns 168. He has been a resident of Schuyler County for thirty -five years. Henry W. O'Briant, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Schuyler County, June 26, 1853, and is a son of William D. and Elizabeth (Foglesong) O'Briant. He was reared upon a farm, and his educational opportunities were limited to the advantages offered by the common schools of his neighborhood. When twenty-one years of age he began life as an independent farmer, and in 1875 was united in marriage to Margaret W. Gosser, daughter of Jacob and Margaret (Walthour) Gosser. " Mrs. O'Briant was born July 9, 1850, in Westmoreland County, Penn., and when about seven years old was brought by her parents to Schuyler County. Her union with the subject of this sketch has been blessed with seven children: William E., Charles H., Lewis I., Sarah E., Ida K., Hattie J. and Henry M. Both Mr. and Mrs. O'Briant are worthy members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. At the time of their marriage Mr. and Mrs. O'Briant had enough money to purchase a nice little farm of forty acres, and by industry, economy and good management, they have increased their possessions to 214 acres of good, improved land, and are considered prosperous and enterprising citizens. Mr. O'Briant is a Democrat, and a member of the A. O. U. W. He takes especial pains in the rearing of fine stock as is well attested by his fine Short-horn cattle, Berkshire hogs and poultry. Leonard A. Parker, junior member of the firm of Tice & Parker, is a, iiajtiye of Sangamon County, IU., and was born ji^ SCHUYLEE COUNTY. 1193 1836. His father, Jacob, was a native of Kentucty, and of En- glish descent. After his marriage to our subject's mother, Sarah (Bray) Parker, he moved to Sangamon County, 111., and there died about 1849. He was a lieutenant in the War of 1812, and fought in the battle of New Orleans. He was a farmer by occu- pation. The mother was about five years her husband's junior, and a native of North Carolina. She died in 1841. When Leon ard A. was but five years old he was bound out to Peter Gates, with whom he remained about nine years, attending school some two months of each year. When fifteen years old he began life for himself as an employe on a farm, and attended school during the winter months, and afterward taught school for four years. In 1867 he came to Schuyler County, where, in 1861, he married Miss Sarah, daughter of Benjamin and Charlotte Brown, for- merly of North Carolina, but early settlers of Schuyler County, where Mrs. Parker was born. To this union seven children were born, of whom five are living : Albert (of Milan), Elias P. (of Kan- sas), Amice B., Ellen B. and Clara. Mr. Parker soon rented land and farmed about four years, then entered the mercantile busi- ness with William Gatlin, which he conducted five years, and then purchased a farm, and farmed fifteen years. In 1884 he purchased an interest in a general store, and is now a member of the firm as above stated. He is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Douglas. He is a member of the I. O. O. P. Mrs. Palmer died October 1, 1881. Hon. Mark B. Patterson is a native of Searsport, Me., and was born in 1827. His parents, John and Hannah (Lancaster) Patterson, were also natives of that State, where they spent their entire lives. Mr. Patterson's father was of Scotch-Irish ancestry, born in Belfast, Me. He was a shipbuilder and master mariner, and spent many years upon the sea. His death occurred in 1856. His widow died in 1861, at the age of seventy-six. Our subject received a common-school education, and at the age of fourteen went to sea, and for some years engaged in coasting from Bangor, Me., to Charleston, S. C, and other points, during the summer months, and during the winter attended school. He afterward made voyages to New Orleans, West Indies, and other places, and lived the life of a sailor, about nine years in all. In January, 1850, he went to California, and engaged in mining until the win- ters' rains set in. Becoming convinced that it would not be profit- able nor expedient to remain in the mines during the rainy season, he determined to return home, but, on the eve of his departure, accepted a position upon a vessel running between Sacramento City and San Francisco, receiving $100 a month, for five months ; then he returned tg the rpines again, and remained in same 7? 1194 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. five years; had reasonable success, and in 1856 he returned to his native home, and in the fall of the same year went to Iowa, purchasing a section of land near Grinnell. After a year and a half's residence there he went to Pike's Peak, and spent about four years. He then returned to Iowa, and in 1867 married Amanda Crosby, and reared three children, all now dead. Soon after his marriage he came to Schuyler County, Mo., where Mrs. Patterson died in 1872, and a year later our subject wedded Mrs. Addie Brower, widow of Elias Brower, and daughter of John and Beth- any Mikel, formerly of North Carolina, where Mrs. Patterson was born. She accompanied her parents to Sqhuyler County when but two years old, where her father died in 1864 at the age of sixty-four. He was of German ancestry. The mother is still living in Adair County. When Mr. Patterson came to Schuyler County he located two and one-half miles west of Queen City, where he has a fine farm of 360 acres, on which he remained until 1873. In 1882 he removed to Queen City, where he has since lived in retirement. He was a justice of the peace four years, and in 1878 was ejected to represent Schuyler County in the Lower House of the General Assembly, and served two years very satis- factorily. His occupation in early life naturally led him to iden- tify himself with the Democratic party, on account of its low tariff and unrestricted commerce policy, which necessarily en- hances a sailor's interests, and later, as an agriculturist, he advo- cated the same political principles as he belongs to a class whose interests are bettered by free commerce. His first presidential vote was cast for Buchanan. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and his wife has been united with the Methodist Episco- pal Church South since twenty years of age. Judge Yelverton W. Payton' was born in Madison County, Ky., in 1815, and is the second of a family of eight children. His parents, Yelverton and Mildred (White) Payton, were natives of Madison County, Ky., and the father was of English ancestry. In 1843 he removed to Bandolph County, Mo., where he died in 1858, when sixty-four years old. His occupation was that of farming, and he was a volunteer in the War of 1812, serving under Gen. Harrison at the battle of * Tippecanoe. The grandfather of our subject, Yelverton Payton, was a native of Virginia, and born in 1755. His wife, Anna (Guffey) Pay- ton, was born at the same place in 1762. Mr. Payton was a soldier in the War for Independence, and, as he was an early settler of Kentucky, was in all the Indian Wars in that section. The mother of Yelverton died December 25, 1885, at the age of ninety-two, and had for many years been a member of the Baptist Church. Yelverton W. was reared by his grandparents, and received but SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1195 a limited education. When sixteen years old lie began to learn the tanner's trade, at which he served three years. In 1836 he wedded Miss Sallie Ann, daughter of William and Hannah Geery, formerly of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Payton was born in Madison County, Ky., in 1820, and has borne her husband nine children, eight now living, and all residents of Schuyler County: Henry Guffey, Elizabeth (deceased), France* Ann (wife of Andrew Mills), Josephus, Susan (wife of Monroe Fugate), Emily, Lura (wife of David Easten), Laura (wife of James Fugate) and John C. In 184:8 Mr. Payton removed to Schuyler County, and located at Lancaster, where he engaged in the tanning business some years. He then settled three miles east of that town, and there remained until 1865, when he removed to Iowa, but in the fall of the same year returned, and the next spring accompanied a colony to Carthage and remained during the summer, then went to Ran- dolph County, and there remained two years. Returning to Schuy- ler County he located two miles southwest of Queen City, where he has a farm of over 300 acres, after having given about 100 acres to his children. He has always been an active and industrious man, and is regarded as one of the substantial and respected citizens of the county. He was a Whig during the days of that party, but is now a Democrat, and as such efficiently filled the office of county judge two years. His first presidential vote was cast for Harri- son. , He is a worthy and long standing member of the Masonic fraternity, and is greatly interested in the general welfare and prosperity of his country. Mrs. Payton died January 29, 1886. Hon. Edwin F. Payton, attorney, is a native of Schuyler County, Mo., was born March 2, 1858, and is a son of Ben- jamin and Susan (Burford) Payton. The father is of Irish descent, and was born in Anderson County, Ky., in 1820. In 1857 he came to Schuyler County, Mo., and settled one and one- half miles north of Lancaster, where he owns 160 acres of land, but for the past eight months he has been a resident of Lancas- ter. The mother was also born in Anderson County, Ky., in 1818, and died in 1885. She was the mother of twelve children, ten of whom are living: John (a farmer), W. M. (a farmer), Amanda J. (wife of Josiah Beasley), Joseph B. (a farmer), Benjamin L. (a farmer), Sisie, James P. (farmer and stock dealer), Martha E. (wife of Lewis Van Aken), Edwin F. and Elmer E. (a farmer). Our subject was educated in Lancaster, and at the age of twenty began to teach, his last term of school being spent as principal of a Lancaster school. Later Mr. Payton began the study of law, under the Hon. C. C. Fogle, in November, 1880, was admitted to the bar, and in 1884 began to practice in partnership with the Hon. C, C. Fogle, In Sep- 1196 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. tember, 1886, he established an office by himself, and is now practicing alone. In politics he is a Democrat, and in the spring of 1883 was made school commissioner of Schuyler County, which position he filled two years. In November, 1884, he was elected prosecuting attorney of Schuyler County, which position he filled two years, and so efficiently that in 1886 he was re-elected, and is now dischargingb the duties of that office. He is master Mason of Lodge No. 259, at Lancaster, and is a member of the A. O. V. W. December 14, 1886, he married Miss Annie Stokes, daughter of Daniel Stokes, a native of Wisconsin, and both are members of the Christian Church. Otto Plessner, carriage and wagon manufacturer, was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1846, and when three years of age accompanied his mother to America. His father. Dr. M. C. T. Plessner, was born in Striegau, Prussia, in 1813, aad was a son of Prof. Henry Plessner, of the University of Breslau. M. C. T. Plessner received a fine literary education at the gymnasium, and a medical education at the University of Berlin. He became so prominent in his chosen profession that he was chosen physiciaa of the king, but on account of his sympathy with the people, during their revolt in 1848, was banished from the empire and his property confiscated. After the war he was pardoned by Emperor William, and given $40,000 for his lost property. In 1849 he came to America, and located at Saginaw, Mich., where his ability was soon recognized, and he became one of the foremost of his profession. He took an active interest in public affairs, and was for ten years president of the board of education in Saginaw. In 1868 he was a presidential elector upon the Republican ticket. In Masonry he took all the degrees. He died at the age of seventy-two. His wife who is nine years his junior is still a resident of Saginaw. Otto Plessner is one of a family of fourteen children, and was reared at Saginaw, where at the age of fourteen he learned the blacksmith's trade. When sixteen years of age he volunteered in Company H, of the Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, in which he served twenty-eight months. He accompanied Gen. Sherman from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and after that served under Gen. Stoneman. After the war he went to Indianapolis and learned the wagon-maker's trade. In 1869 he went to Saginaw, and established a carriage factory, but in 1873 was called to Danville, Ky., and offered a position as fore- man of a factory at a salary of $1,500 per annum. Two years later he opened a factory at Sigourney, Iowa, and in 1883 came to Coatsville, Mo., and now owns the largest carriage factory in the county, and as a workman is unsurpassed in skill. While in Indiaria, in 1868, he was married to Maggie Coy, and by her has SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1197 had seven children: Mollie, Ettie, William, Daniel, Ida, Louis and Matilda. He is a Eepublican, and a member of the G. A. E., Glenwood Post, No. 25. William D. Powell was born in. Greene County, Va., Decem- ber 15, 1834, and is a son of Jackson T. and Mandana (Towell) Powell, natives of the same State. The father was of Welsh, and the mother of English ancestry. They were reared and married in Virginia, and that was also the native State of two of their children. In 1835 they moved to Cass County, 111., where the father helped build and lay out the town of Virginia and served as sheriff several years. Two children were born to them while in that State. In 1842 they moved to Randolph County, Mo., where the father died in 1861. The mother still lives. Their family of children was increased to five while in the latter State. The father was a cabinet-maker by trade, but a farmer by occupation. The mother belongs to the Missionary Baptist Church. William D. was chiefly reared in Missouri, and received his education at the district schools. At the age of twenty-one he began to teach and farm, and after that engaged in mercantile business. In 1872 he came to Schuyler County, and engaged in cattle trading quite unsuccessfully. From there he went to Macon County, and in 1878 represented his county in the State Legislature. In 1881 he went to Clarence, Shelby County, and edited the Clarence Courier. In 1884 he moved to Moulton, Iowa, and took charge of the Moulton Tribune, which is ably edited by his wife, Mrs. Matilda F. Powell. In 1887 he gained control of the Glenwood Criterion, which he now conducts. In 1858 he married Matilda F. Dameron, daughter of Benjamin Dameron, sheriff of Randolph County, in which county Mrs. Powell was born in 1842. To this union three children have been born: Annie K., Ida M. and Effie J. During the late war Mr. Powell served as second lieutenant in the State Militia. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. Sylvanus Purdy, farmer, is a son of Sylvanus and Julia (Hull) Purdy, both natives of the State of New York, where they were reared, married and spent their lives. The father was an extensive farmer in that State, and in politics a Democrat. Mrs. Purdy was the mother of three sons and five daughters, and a Christian lady, being a worthy member of the Baptist Church. Her death occurred in 1837, and Mr. Purdy married a Quaker, Mary Frost, by whom he had five children. The sub- ject of this sketch was the youngest child of the first marriage, and was born in New York City, but, as his parents lived there but a short time, his youth was spent upon a farm on the Hud- 1198 BiOGKAPHICAL APPENDIX. son. When about nineteen years of age he evinced a taste for the life of a sailor, and took passage on a vessel as a roustabout. He afterward became captain of a vessel, but, after filling this office a short time, went upon the ocean as fireman of the steamer " Georgia," captain, Admiral Porter, which ran from New York to Panama, stopping at Cuba. . In 1851 he sailed from New York for San Francisco via Cape Horn, stopping at Bio Janeiro four weeks, and at Chili, and arriving at his destination after a voyage of six months. He worked a short time in the mines, and then went to Sacramento, and engaged in gardening four years. In 1856 he returned to New York, and married Ruth L. Coe, daughter of John H. and Maria (Lake) Coe, natives of New York, where their lives were spent in agricultural pursuits. Both were members of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Purdy was born in Ulster County, N. Y., in 1830, and to her marriage with Mr. Purdy four children have been born: Wells C, Amanda, Addison W. and John S. The three sons are engaged upon the railroad. After having merchandised, operated a mill, farmed, and kept a restaurant until about 1867, Mr. Purdy and his fam- ily moved to Iowa, where he engaged in farming and shipping grain. In 1874 he came to Glenwood, and has since dealt in grain and pressed hay, and has the credit of being the first man to run a hay press in the county. In politics Mr. Purdy is, and always has been, a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce. He was a Master Mason while living East. He now owns a nice dairy farm of eighty acres, adjoining Glenwood, and is one of the well-to-do farmers of the township. Mrs. Purdy is a Presbyterian. John H. Rambo, M. D., is the oldest practitioner in Glenwood, His parents were George W. and Liza J. (Far) Rambo, natives of Ohio, where they were reared and married. They left their native State in 1856, and removed to Van Buren County, Iowa, where they still live. By trade Mr. Rambo is a potter, but for many years has engaged exclusively in farming. He is a mem- ber of the Dunkard Church. John H. Rambo is the third of a family of thirteen children, and was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1851. His first work was grinding potter's clay, but he disliked the work so heartily that his one thought was, how to escape such drudgery. Seeing a physician pass, he became pos- sessed of a desire to study the profession of medicine. To that end he was educated at the common schools of the neighborhood and then spent two years at a Normal School. He then taught school, and studied medicine in his leisure hours. Then for five years he clerked in a drug store and read medicine under Dr. Samuel L. Bergen. In 1879-80 he attended a course of lectures SCHUYLEK COUNTY. 1199 at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Keokuk, and gradu- ated from that institution in 1882, having previously practiced to some extent in Glenwood. For the last seven years he has continued his practice at the last mentioned place, and enjoys a large and lucrative practice and the esteem and good will of the community. In 1874 he wedded Phidelia L. Gray, daughter of Johas H. Gray, and by her has had two children — Mont E. and Maude. Mrs. Eambo was born in Perry County, Ohio, in 1848. Although his father is a Democrat, and he was reared under Democratic influence, Dr. Eambo is a stanch Republican. He is an Odd Fellow and a deputy in the order of A. O. U. W. James A. Rector is a native of Lawrence County, Ind., his birth occurring in 1838, and is a son of Bennett and Elizabeth (Neal) Rector. The father is of Irish descent and a native of Grayson County, Va., where he was born in 1812. He was a farmer and cabinet-maker, and during his youth went to Law- rence County, Ind., where he was married in 1837, and in the spring of 1854, immigrated to Appanoose County, Iowa, and the following year came to Schuyler County, Mo., locating in Lan- caster and engaging in the mercantile business. In 1861 he returned to Iowa and located at Eddyville, and engaged in the same business. In 1883, he sold out and returned to Schuyler County, Mo., where he now resides, four miles northeast of the county seat. His wife, our subject's mother, was born in North Caro- lina, March 17, 1807, and at the time of her marriage to Mr. Rector was the widow of Levi Melvin, who died in 1834, and by whom she had six children ; and six children were born to the last marriage, of whom our subject is the oldest. When sixteen years of age James A. came to Missouri, and made his home with his parents until he was past twenty-one years of age. March 17, 1864, he married Miss Mary McGehond, a native of Pennsylvania, and then settled in Lancaster, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits for two years. Mrs. Rector died Novem- ber 29, 1864, and October 11, 1868, Mr. Rector was united in marriage to Nancy B., daughter of George Moore. This lady was born in Virginia in 1847, and has borne the following chil- dren: Tillie E., Schuyler N., Nellie M., George B. and Bessie G. In 1868 Mr. Rector began to farm, purchasing eighty acres of land in Prairie Township. In 1883 he located where he now resides, a half mile south of Lancaster, and has increased his pos- sessions to 120 acres. In politics he is a Republican, and his first presidential vote was cast for Bell and Everett. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. After the death of his first wife Mr. Rector went to Eddyville and became his father's partner in the grocery business, but, in 1868, returned to Lancaster, where he has since resided. 1200 BiOGEAtHICAL APPENDIX. J. B. Eiley was born June 3, 1836, in Fauquier County, Va. ; moved to Scotland County, Mo., October 30, 1854, and to Schuy- ler County, Mo., April 16, 1865, where he has since resided. He has been engaged in farming and stock raising ever since his boyhood, and started in life dependent upon his own resour- ces for a livelihood when but eighteen years old. He now owns 184 acres of land upon which he resides. April 23, 1863, he married Miss Mary Z., daughter of David and Margaret (York) Carney, natives of North Carolina, and Clermont County, Ohio, respectively, and the former, a Eevolutionary War soldier. Mr. Carney was a son of Thomas and Mary (Hunt) Carney, natives of Iredell County, Va., who afterward removed to Pendleton County, Ky., where Mr. Carney died. The mother died in John- son County, Mo. To Mr. and Mrs. Eiley ten children have been born, viz.: William P., Emma S., John Thomas, Jesse Van Buren, Abba May, Carrie M., Charley, James A., Marietta and Evalyn. Mrs. Eiley is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Eiley is a Democrat, and is the third of five children born to Willis and Elizabeth (Dean) Eiley. The mother having died in 1852 Mr. Eiley was again married, Miss Sarah Jett becoming his wife, by whom he had four children. His first wife was the daughter of John and Susan (PuUum) Dean. Mrs. Margaret Carney, the mother-in-law of the subject of this sketch, was a daughter of Jesse and Nancy (Gibson) York. Mrs. York was a daughter of Alexander Gibson, who was a soldier in the Eevolu- tion and the War of 1812. Mr. David Carney, the father-in- law of our subject, was a prosperous farmer and served in the Eevolutionary War. John Eice Eippey, a prominent farmer and stock raiser, is of Scotch-Irish and German parentage, and was born in Schuyler County, Mo., November 25, 1843. He is the seventh of nine children born to William V. and Nancy E. (Crim) Eippey, natives of Virginia, born in 1806 and 1808, respectively. When young they moved to Lexington, Ky., and there married and lived until about 1830, when they went to Howard County, Mo., and some time after to Monroe County. About 1837 they removed to Schuyler County, where the father died in 1866. William V. Eippey was a Whig until the dissolution of that party, and afterward became a Democrat. By occupation he was a farmer, and ranked among the most enterprising men of the county. He was a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, to which his widow belongs. Mrs. Eippey now lives with the subject of this sketch, who was reared upon the farm, and received a good education at the common schools of the neighborhood, and the Jjancaster High School. At the age of Schuyler cotrNTT. 1201 seventeen he took charge of his father's farm, and after the death of his father, purchased the old homestead upon which he now lives, and by good management has increased his possessions to 700 acres of land. He is one of the most prominent farmers and stock raisers of the county, and makes a specialty of fine blooded stock, and has taken great pride in improving the qual- ity of stock in the county. He owns two fine standard bred stallions — Eoyal Clay and Green Bush Warrior ; two full blooded Clydesdale — Blooming Heather and Duke of Ottawa; two Mam- moth Jacks — Thomas Moore, Jr., and Don Juan. Of cattle he has a herd of twenty registered Short-horns, and also owns some fine Poland-China hogs and poultry. In 1867 he married Mary B. Dickerson, a native of Monroe County, Mo., born in 1845, and by her has had four children: Jessie Maud, Lillian Clare, John Kice, Jr., and William Lyons. Mr. Eippey is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and his wife of the Cumberland Presbyterian. In politics Mr. Rippey is a Demo- crat, and cast his first presidential vote for Seymour. In 1880 he was chosen representative of Schuyler County to the Thirty- first General Assembly, and had previously served in the State Constitutional Convention of 1875. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belonged to Glenwood Lodge, No. 427. Nicholas T. Roberts, county collector, was born in Howard County, Mo., in 1839, and is a son of David A. and Rachel (Lee) Roberts. The father was of Scotch and German descent and born in Madison County, Ky., in 1815. When five years old he accompanied his father, Nicholas Roberts, to Howard County, Mo., where he was married in 1838. In February, 1840, he came to Schuyler County, Mo., and located four miles south of Lancaster, in Prairie Township, where he owned 240 acres of land. In 1846 he was elected justice of the peace and served four years. In 1854 he was elected county judge and served six years. He was a Union man during the war, and in the fall of 1862 enlisted in Company K, Tenth Missouri Infantry, and served nearly a year. He was discharged on account of disability and died ten days after returning home. He was a prominent and influential citizen, and a leading Democrat of the community in which he lived. His wife was of English descent, and born in Howard County, Mo., in 1822. She was the mother of ten chil- dren, of whom our subject is the eldest, and died in 1885. Seven of the children are now living. Nicholas T. was but an infant when he was brought to Schuyler County, and the entire north- east Missouri was an unbroken wilderness; he received a com- mon-school education, and also attended the private school of Mrs. Baird in Lancaster, who was a highly cultured lady. At 1202 BIOGBAPHICAL AtPENDlX. the age of twenty he began to teach school during the winter months, and farmed during the summer months, continuing this mode of life until 1875. His teaching was confined to Schuyler County with the exception of one summer, in 1860, he taught in his native county. In the summer of 1861 he enlisted in the Missouri State Militia and in the fall was captured at Hilltown, Iowa, but was soon released. In 1874 he was elected county assessor, and two years later re-elected; in 1878 was elected sheriff and re-elected in 1880, and in 1886 was elected county collector. October 14, 1860, he married Miss Nancy M. Ful- cher, born in Schuyler County, Mo., in December, 1842. This union has been blessed with six children: Ida (wife of Samuel A. Dysart, attorney- at-law at Lancaster), Bdson H. (lumber, merchant and ex-deputy county clerk, deputy sheriff and deputy circuit clerk), Eachel, Nevada, Fannie and John A. In politics Mr. Roberts has always been a Democrat, and cast his first vote for Douglas in 1860; he is a Master Mason and a member of the A. O. U. W. His wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church South. His uncle, Thomas Roberts, came to Schuyler County in 1840, and afterward became one of its prominent citi- zens and served as probate judge, sheriff, county collector and representative. M. T. Rogers, farmer and stock raiser, was born January 31, 1841, in Schuyler County, Mo., and is the fifth child of eleven born to John and Anna (Beasley) Rogers. The father was born near Franklin, Ky., and the mother was a native of Georgia. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a minister of the gospel in the Baptist Church, M. T. Rogers has been engaged in farming and stock raising since his early boyhood, and when twenty years of age began life for himself with a capital of $400, and by good investment and economy has become the owner of 230 acres of nicely improved land, and is now one of the sub- stantial farmers of the county. In 1861 he wedded Miss Jane Snider, who bore him one child — George Andrew. His first ' wife having died in 1871, a year later Mr. Rogers was united in marriage to Miss Malissa C. Snider, daughter of Edwin and Eliza (Groseclose) Snider, and to this union seven children have been born: Joseph E. (deceased), Howard L., Lewis T. (deceased), Walter E., William L., Thelan H. and Anna E. Mrs. Rogers is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Rogers is a Democrat, and during the war served about three months in the C. S. A., Missouri State Militia In Masonry he is a member of the Blue Lodge. George W. Rolston was born in Pennsylvania in 1839, and when ten years old went with his parents to Ritchie County, SCHUTLfiE COUNT?. 1203 Va., wliere he received a common-school education. At the breaking out of the Kebellion he enlisted in Company K, Sixth West Virginia Cavalry, Union Army, and served three years. He was in the battles of Second Bull Run, Gettysburg, Cedar Mountain, Drop Mountain and Rocky Gap, and a great many minor engagements. His service was most of the time under Gen. Averill and he received his discharge at Wheeling, W. Va., in 1864. In 1866 he was married to Miss Louisa L., daughter of Isaac and Sarah Spears, formerly of Ohio, where Mrs. Rolston was born, and to this union three children have been born, viz. : Alice, William and Nellie. Two years after his marriage Mr. Rolston removed to Schuyler County, and located one and one- half miles northwest of Green Top, where he now has a fine and well improved farm of 120 acres, which is the result of his labor aod good management, as he started in life a poor mail. He has made farming his chief occupation, although early in life he spent some time teaching school. He makes horse breeding a specialty, having raised on his farm some of the finest Percheron and Clydesdale horses in Northern Missouri. He is a son of Jeremiah and Elizabeth (Ross) Rolston, natives of Pennsyl- vania, and of Scotch descent, and born in 1810 and 1813. The father died in 1876, in Schuyler County, and the mother in 1861, in Virginia. Our subject is a Republican and cast his first presi- dential vote for John Bell in 1860. W. D. Ross, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Brown County, Ohio, where he lived until 1880, and then moved to Schuyler County, Mo. Since boyhood farming has been his occupation, and after receiving an academical education he started out in life for himself at the age of twenty-two. He then had no property, but is now the owner of a nicely improved farm of eighty acres, upon which he resides. In 1857 he was united in mar- riage to Miss Martha Moyers, daughter of Joseph and Lena Ellen (Carter) Moyers, and to this union seven children were born: George A., MoUie E., and five who died in infancy. Mrs. Ross was a member of the Christian Church and died in January, 1886, aged fifty years and thirteen days. Mr. Ross is also united Tyith the Christian Church, and in politics is a Democrat. His first presidential vote was cast for James Buchanan. He has served his township in several different capacities very acceptably, and is one of the respected and prosperous citizens of the county. He was the eldest of four children of Abner and Mary (Day) Ross, natives of Brown County, Ohio, but now residents of Schuyler County, Mo., where they moved in 1881. Abner Rossis a son of William and Catherine (Harper) Ross. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, and served as lieutenant of his 1204 BlOQBAPHICAL APPENDIX. company. The mother is a daughter of Mark and Lena ( Carter) Day,- natives of Virginia and Ohio, respectively. Mr. Day was a soldier in the War of 1812, in which he was wounded. His par- ents were Asa and Isabelle Day. The paternal great-grand par- ents of the subject of this sketch, Isaiah and Mary (Harper) Koss, were natives of Virginia. Isaiah served during the entire Revolutionary War, was taken prisoner, and held for one year, at the end of which time he was released. P. S. Sagerty was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1836, and is a son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Sidles) Sagerty. The father is a descendant of a Dutch family, and was born in Ohio, in 1809, and is a carpenter and joiner by trade. His father, Jacob, was born in New York and officiated as a subordinate officer in the War of 1812, under Gen. Wayne. Thomas lived in Warren County and Cincinnati, Ohio, until 1836, and then went to Van Buren County, Iowa, where he now resides. His wife was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1808, and died in 1865. She was of German de- scent, and her father, Peter Sidles, was a fife major in the war of the Revolution. She was the mother of nine children, of whom our subject is the fourth. He was educated at Lebanon, Ohio, and for two winters taught a select night school. When fourteen, he began to work in a printing office as an apprentice, for 50 cents per week, and remained there three years. The paper published was the Western Star of Lebanon, which had a wide circulation. He afterward worked as journeyman, and the last four years was foreman and editor of the same establishment. June 19, 1856, he married Miss Frances A. Whitaker, daughter of D. H. and Anna Whitaker, who was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1838, and has borne our subject ten children: Alfred E., Mary F., Annie L. (wife of J. W. Cooksey), James P., Ida, Horace, George T., Myrtle, Harry, Chester. Mr. Sagerty farmed one year in Van Buren County, Iowa, and then went to Bentdnsport, Iowa, and took charge of the Bentonsport Signal, but in fourteen months moved the paper to Albia, where the name was changed to the Albia Bepublio. Eight months later he abandoned news- paper work and went to Scotland County, Mo., and engaged in mercantile business two years, and in 1873 moved to Downing, Schuyler County, where he built the present large warehouse and bought and sold grain and kept a drug and grocery store for five years, during which time he erected eight houses. In 1882 he was appointed superintendent of the poor farm, of which he has since had control, treating the unfortunate ones with kindly consideration. He is a Democrat, and served as assessor of Scotland County two years, and also served as assessor of Schuy- ler County for two years and as justice of the peace of Schuyler SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1205 County for four years. He was chairman of the Democratic Central Committee of Schuyler County six years, and is Mason of the Royal Arch Degree. Hon. Lucius Sanderson, attorney-at-law and notary public, was born in Vermont, in 1820, and is a son of Levi and Sallie (Bean) Sanderson. The father was born in Massachusetts in 1783, and died in 1869. He is of English ancestry and can trace his lineage directly back to the Puritan fathers. When of age he went to Vermont, married there in 1806, and spent the remainder of his days in that State, engaged in farming. He was a justice of the peace, and served as militiaman in the War of 1812. His father, John Sanderson, was a native of Massachusetts, and a soldier in the Revolutionary War. The mother of our subject was born in Nova Scotia about 1786, and died at the age of sixty- four. She was a daughter of John Bean, formerly a resident of the Hampshire grant of land, but during the War of Independence he accepted the offer, made by the British Governor, to grant large tracts of land to colonists who would settle in Nova Scotia. The tract upon which he settled now includes the city of Halifax, N. S. Lucius was reared at home and received an English academical education, and was also a student of the French lan- guage. He taught school while quite young and before his majority began to study law, which he has made his life profes- sion and in which he has been very successful, being a fluent and eloquent speaker and a good reasoner. In March, 1843, he wedded Miss LucretiaM., daughter of Joseph andRhoda Prentiss, of Vermont, and to them ten children have been born, of whom five are living: Joseph E. P. (of Ray County), Agnes L. (wife of William A. Lafler (of Brunswick, Mo.), Carrie E., (wife of H. O. Benton, of Brunswick, Mo.), Lucia M. (wife of Joseph G. Sickles of Centerville, Iowa), and Florence B. (widow of John W. Walker). In 1855 Mr. Sanderson removed to Kingston, Waushara Co., Wis., and about ten years later removed to Erie County, N. T., and while living there accepted a position on the Wabash Railroad. In 1869 he removed to Missouri and lived for a time in Kansas City and Macon City, but in 1873 located at Queen City, where he has since made his home, practicing his profession with great success. Being of an active temperament, he in his early days preferred a more active life and gave more attention to outside business than to his profession. Later in life he has devoted more time to his profession, but confined it chiefly to office work. He was formerly a Whig, and cast his first presi- dential vote for Henry Clay in 1844, but since the war has been a Republican. Despite the earnest solicitations of his friends that he accept tlie j^omination fqr the office of representative of Schuyler 1206 BIOGEAPHIOAL APPENDIX. County, he refused, preferring to devote his entire attention to his profession. Mrs. Sanderson was born in 1825, and has for many years been a member of the Congregational Church. H. D. Satterfield, surveyor, was born in Pike County, Ohio, in 1838, and is a son of John and Mary (Copas) Satterfield, natives of Virginia, and born near Harper's Ferry in 1812 and 1813, respectively. When small they were brought to Pike County, Ohio, and were married in that State and county. In 1878 they removed to Schuyler County, Mo., where the mother died in 1882, and where' the father is still living. Both had united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject was reared at home on the farm, and received but a common-school education. In 1863 he married Miss Rebecca, daughter of John and Nancy Johnson, all natives of Pike County, Ohio. This union was blessed with nine children, of whom six are living: Mary A., Susan, Cassie, Anna Florence, Lillie and Eosy (twins). Our subject remained in Pike County until 1874, and then located five miles west of Queen City, in Schuyler County, Mo., where he lived until 1888, and then removed to Queen City, where he now resides. He has made farming his principal occupation, and has taught school twenty-five years, during the winter. In 1884 he was elected surveyor of the county, and has since filled that position very efficiently. He has always been interested in all educational projects, and his children are receiving good educations, and fitting themselves for teachers. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Douglas. He is a member of the Christian Church, his wife of the United Brethren, and his three daughters of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. , He is of Irish descent. His grandfather, James Satterfield, was born in Virginia, and was a soldier in the Revo- lutionary War. William Sohafer was born in Prussia in 1824, and is a son of Adam and Elizabeth Schafer, also natives of that country, and born in 1778 and 1790, respectively. The father died in 1828, and the mother in 1872. Adam was a farmer, distiller and butcher by occupation, and served as first lieutenant under Napoleon Bonaparte. He was also collector and treasurer of his town for some years. The mother came to the United States in 1855, and her death occurred at the residence of our subject, at Lancaster. William was one of a family of four children, and while in his native country complied with the law of that land, and attended school from the age of six until he became fourteen years of age. At the age of twenty he began to learn the wagon- maker's trade, at which he worked five years. In 1845 he immi- grated to America, ai)d Jocated at Palmyra, Marion Co., Mo., SCHUYLEE COUNTY. 1207 where he resumed work at his trade. April 18, 1847, he mar- ried Miss Mary C. Kuthe, who was born in Germany in 1824, and came to America in 1845. Of this union there are six living children: William, Mary (wife of Louis Schmit), George, Catherine, Susan and Adam. In 1852 Mr. Schafer removed to Lancaster, working at his trade until 1855, when he engaged in the mercantile trade. He sold his store in 1857, and built a mill at a cost of $4,500, which he ran until 1874, and then erected his present building, which is a five-story brick, 36x46 feet, has ten sets of rollers, and is equipped with all the latest improve- ments. The building cost $17,000, and has a capacity of sixty barrels per day. Mr. Schafer does a large business, and makes several brands of flour, among them — " Extra Fancy," "Family," " Patent " and " Fancy Patent " — both for home and foreign trade. In politics he is a Democrat, and cast his first presiden- tial vote for Taylor in 1848. In religion he and his wife are Catholics. They are among the prosperous and well-to-do citi- zens of the town, and reside in a house nicely situated, which cost about $3,000. Peter F. Schwartz, merchant, was born in Germany, in 1836, and is a son of Andrew and Annie Schwartz, also natives of Germany, where they were reared and married. They came to the United States in 1842, and located in Centreville, St. Clair Co., 111., where they both died in the same week, of cholera, in the year 1848. After the death of his parents, Peter F. lived in Illinois four years, with a family of the same name, and then went with them to St. Louis, Mo., staying there one summer, then moved back to Illinois, and in 1861 enlisted in Company C, Twenty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served through Tennessee, the battles of Vicksburg, Island No. 10, New Madrid, Corinth, luka, Missionary Eidge, and the entire Georgia and Atlanta campaign to the sea, then on to the grand review, at Washington. He was mustered out at Louisville, Ky. In September, 1865, after four years of active and faithful ser- vice for his adopted country, he was honorably discharged at Springfield, 111. In 1867 he married Miss Apalonia Bellm, also a German, and to them the three following children have been born: Emma, Louisa and Frank. The year of his marriage he came to Schuyler County, and located at Glenwood. He estab- lished a harness shop, having learned that business when a young man, and remained there until about 1874, when he pur- chased a farm three-and-a-half miles west of Glenwood, and farmed until 1877, when he removed to Queen City, and resumed the harness business. In 1879 he purchased a stock of general hardware and agricultural implements, and has handled that in 1208 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. connection with the above named business since. He has been a prominent Mason for a long time, and is one of the most public spirited men of the community, and is giving his children a good college education. Formerly Mr. Schwartz was a Demo- crat and cast his first presidential vote for Buchanan, but since the war has become a Republican. Reuben L. Scurlock was born in Jackson County, Ohio, in 1823, and is a son of Joshua and Martha (Long) Scurlock. The father was a native of Stokes County, N. C., and the mother of Botetourt County, Va. When young they went to Jackson County, Ohio, where they were married, and raised a family of thirteen children. In 1853 they came to Schuyler County. The father died while visiting in Iowa. The mother returned, and made her home with a daughter. In 1882, while returning home from a visit, Mrs. Scurlock fell in stepping from the train, and sustained injuries which proved fatal. She was a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Scurlock was a Whig in politics, and at one time served as lieutenant of a militia company. His chief occupation was farming, but he was also a good shoemaker, cooper, gunsmith, etc. Reuben L. was reared upon a farm, and received but limited educational advantages, but afterward increased his knowledge by reading and observation. He remained at home until 1850, and then married Lucy A. Aleshire, a native of Jackson County, Ohio, and born in 1828. To this union three children were born: JugirthaT., Nelson J. and Reu- ben P. Mrs. Scurlock is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Scurlock is a stanch Republican, and during the war served as a militiaman. He has served his township as magistrate, and has also filled several minor offices. He lived in Ohio until 1856, and then moved to Schuyler County, locating upon the farm where he now lives, which consists of 160 acres of land under a good state of cultivation. Mr. Scurlock is a self-made man, and his property is the result of his own industry. He is a Master Mason, and a member of the I. O. O. F. Scotch, Dutch, and Irish blood flow in his veins. His paternal grandfather was a soldier during the entire Revolutionary War. John G. Shattuck, liveryman, was born in the Province of Quebec, Canada, in 1834. His parents, Chester and Alma (Quy) Shattuck, were born in Canada, in 1810 and 1809, respectively. They were married in Canada, whither their parents had immi- grated while they were young, and in 3 845 came to Ohio, and in 1852 to Schuyler County, Mo., where they settled upon what is now Glenwood. The father was a carpenter by trade, but engaged in other employments such as hotel keeping, livery business, etc. Jn politic^ |ie wap pncp a Wbig, but afterward became an active SOHDYLEB COUNTY. 1209 worker in the Eepublican party. He died in 1887, but the mother still lives with the subject of this sketch, who is the only living child of a family of two children. During his youth John G. received a good common-school education. He has always lived upon the home place, and as his father was otherwise engaged, John became the manager of the farm, and gave evidence of considerable ability in stock raising and dealing. In 1887 he became engaged in the livery business where he is now located, having his son-in-law for partner. In 1856 he married Ann Chattin, who was born in England in 1849, and by her one child was born, Vinnie A. (wife of A. N. Davis). In politics Mr. Shat- tuck is a Republican, and during the late war offered his services to the country three times, but each time was rejected on account of disability. In business he is moderately successful, and owns a nice stable newly fitted. Robert Shaw, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Licking County, Ohio, in 1812, and moved to Fulton County, 111., in 1836, and in March, 1869, began to farm in Schuyler County, where he has since resided. He began life for himself when twenty-one years of age, and from a poor man has become the owner of 663 acres of choice land in Schuyler County, and 160 acres in Scotland County, Mo., and also has 350 acres in Pulton County, 111., which is good evidence of his business ability and good management. In 1833, he was united in marriage to Miss Catherine Boadner, a native of Pennsylvania, and by her thirteen children have been born: Alexander, Minerva (deceased), Sarah, Peter (deceased), Emaline, Mary Ann, Isaac, Henry, Jasper Newton, Rebecca, John W., Amanda E. and James M. Mr. Shaw is a Democrat, and when in Illinois served two years as tax collector. He is the seventh of a family of thirteen children of Alexander and Mary (Bartley) Shaw, natives of Virginia, who moved to Licking County, Ohio, at an early day, at which place they lived and died. The father was a soldier in the War of 1812, and a son of Charles Shaw. Dr. George A. Shirley, physician and surgeon, was born January 25, 1845, in Franklin County, Mo., and is the third of four children. His parents, Carter T. and Elizabeth (Cook) Shirley, were natives of Kentucky, the former born January 2, 1816, and the latter November 28, 1819. They were married in 1835, and four years later removed to Macon County, where they lived until 1872, with the exception of a few years spent in Franklin County. They tlien removed to Saline County, where they have since lived. Mr. Shirley is a mechanic. He served as sergeant major in the Second Missouri State Militia during the late war. Both himself and wife have been members of the 1210 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. Methodist Episcopal Churcli since their youth. The Doctor was reared at home and received a limited common-school education. In 1864 he enlisted in Company B, Forty-second Missouri Infantry, and was on duty in Tennessee and Missouri, and went on a scouting expedition of twenty-six days. He remained in service until the close of the war, and received his discharge at St. Louis, in July, 1865. The same year he was united in marriage to Miss Mattie J., daughter of Amos and Elizabeth (Brannock) Barnett, formerly of Pendleton County, Ky., where Mrs. Shirley was born. To this union five children have been born of whom but two are living — William E. and Clarence E. Our subject farmed in Knox County until 1869, and then em- barked in the mercantile business at Kirksville, and the next year began to study medicine with Dr. P. G. H. Barnett. In 1871-72 he attended the Keokuk Medical College, and then began to practice at Willmathsville, in Adair County, where he remained until 1879, and then came to Green Top, where he has established a large and lucrative practice. He owns a comfort- able home and forty acres of land just northeast of the town where he resides. He is a genial gentleman and enjoys the esteem of the entire community. He is greatly interested in all educational projects, and his children are enjoying the best educational advantages which he is able to give them. He is a Bepublican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln while in the service. He is a member of the I. O. O. P., and himself and wife belong to the Christian Church. John M. Shoemake, butcher, was born in Ripley County, Ind., in 1843, and is a son of Levi and Louisa (Horton) Shoemake. The father was of French descent, and born in 1801 in North Carolina. He was a farmer by occupation, and while young went to Hamilton County, Ohio, where he was married. In 1840 he moved to Eipley County, Ind. His death occurred in 1843. His wife was born in Jackson County, Tenn., in 1803, and was also of French descent. She went to Davis County, Iowa, in 1855, and there died in 1865. Our subject, JohnM., was the youngest of five children, and received his education at the common schools of Indiana and Iowa, having gone to the latter State when twelve years old. At the age of seventeen he began to teach penmanship, at which occupation he was engaged five years. During the late war his sympathies were with the Union, and in August, 1862, he enlisted in the Third Iowa Cavalry for three years, or during the war. He participated in the siege of Vicksburg, and the battles of La Grange, Ark., Jackson, Miss., Selma, Ala., Columbus, Ga., and several other engagements and several skirmishes, and at one time was slightly wounded in a SCHUYLEB COUNTY. 1211 hand-to-hand sabre contest with an enemy. He received his dis- charge June 19, 1865, at Nashville, and then returned home. In February, 1866, he married Miss Mary K. Weldon, daughter of James Weldon. This lady was born in Lewis County, Mo., in 1847, and is the mother of five living children: Luna, Alvin A., Clarence W., Justice H. and Effie. After his marriage Mr. Shoemake located in Liberty Township, Putnam County, and com- menced to farm. At the expiration of three years he removed to Chariton County, and located near Bynumville, where he engaged in the mercantile business, which he was soon compelled to aban- don on account of his poor health. After selling his stock he removed to Schuyler County, and located in Glenwood Township, where he purchased a farm of 200 acres. Id 1872 he moved to Glenwood, and worked at various occupations, and was a confi- dential employe of William Logan for several years. In 1880 he returned to his farm, and the same year he and Mr. Logan engaged in the railway timber business, at which they continued two years. In the summer of 1887 Mr. Shoemake came to Lan- caster, and became a butcher, and at this business is quite suc- cessful. Iii politics he is a conservative Kepublican, and in 1872 was elected county assessor, and served two years. He is a Mas- ter Mason. Simmons & Holbert, general merchants at Coatsville, is the oldest and leading firm in that business in the city, and although young in years, are very successful and enterprising business men, and have a stock of goods occupying a room 24x62 feet, and a large wareroom. The senior member, William D. Simmons, was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1858, reared upon a farm, and educated at the common schools of the neighborhood. When nineteen years of age he began life for himself by clerking in a general store, and after following that vocation about eleven years, purchased a stock of goods, and began life as an indepen- dent merchant in Coatsville in 1885. In the fall of the same year, George R. Holbert, his brother-in-law, became his partner, and they have since been.doing business under the firm name of Simmons & Holbert. In 1884 Mr. Simmons was united in mar- riage to Miss Arintha S. Holbert, a native of Davis County, Iowa. Mrs. Simmons is a devout member of the Missionary Baptist Church. Mr. Holbert, the junior member of the above firm, was born in Davis County, Iowa, in 1859, and spent his youth upon a farm. After receiving a good education at the common schools of the vicinity in which he lived, he attended the Ottumwa Busi- ness College, and fitted himself for mercantile life, and as the result of his labor, is now enjoying the life of a successful mer- chant. During the time between January 1, 1887, and October 76* 112 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. the firm shipped over 29,790 dozen eggs, and as that is but 16 item of merchandise, some little estimate can be formed of the aount of business the firm does. Both partners are Democrats politics. John Sloop, a merchant, was born in Prairie Township, ihuyler Co., Mo., in 1847, and is the fifth of ten children of Lcholas and Elizabeth (Stauffer) Sloop,natives of Switzerland, and irn in 1808 and 1811, respectively. When grown they emigrated the United States and were married at Pittsburg, Pa., in 1832, id soon after settled in Marion County, Mo., where they mained until about 1843 and then came to what is now Schuyler junty, where the father died in Feburary, 1862, the mother rviving until 1885. Mr. Sloop was an early pioneer settler of shuyler Township, and at the time of his location there it quired all the inhabitants within a radius of twenty or thirty iles to raise an ordinary log house. Himself and wife were )th members of the Lutheran Church. Our subject was reared home and received a meagre education at the primitive log hool-house. In 1873 he left the farm and went to Queen City id engaged in the stock and grain trade. In 1876 he was mar- ad to Miss Minnie, daughter of George Eiffert. Mrs. Sloop is native of Missouri, and has borne her husband four children, all ring: Edward Clarence, Erma G., Ellison N. and Augusta. In 579 Mr. Sloop embarked in the hardware business in which he IS been very successful, owning the best establishment of that nd in town. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential ite for Seymour in 1868. He is a member of the Farmers and echanics Mutual Aid Association and of the Triple Alliance Life isarance Company, and is one of the most energetic and enter- ■ising business men of the city. Daniel D. Smith was born in Henry County, Va., August 25, ]1Q, and is a son of John and Frances (Smith) Smith. The rmer was born August 22, 1781, in Bucks County, Pa., and ben twelve years old went to Henry County, Va., where he mar- ed, and in 1837 moved to Lawrence County, Ind. In 1846 he ime to Schuyler County, Mo., and his death occurred January 5, 1850. The mother was born in Henry County, Va., May 17, ?84, and died September 12, 1838. Two of the five children )rn to them are living: Daniel D. and John F., of Saline County, o. Daniel D. lived with his parents until of age, and March 1837, was married to Miss Lucy B. Minter, who was born in enry County, Va., October 18, 1816. To this union nine chil- ■en have been born: Martin V. B., Henry C. (deceased), Joyce rife of Joel W. Johnson), Frances, Jane ( wife of John M. Searcy), imuel H., Elizabeth (wife of J. T. Seunlock), John O. J. and SCHUYLEB COUNTY. 1213 Margaret W. Soon after his marriage Mr. Smith removed to Lawrence County, Ind., as did his parents, and in 1846 all came to Schuyler County, Mo., and settled in Liberty Township. In 1851 he moved to Glenwood Township and there remained until 1874, when our subject was elected county clerk of Schuyler Oounty, and filled that office so efficiently that he was re-elected in 1878 and 1882. He has always been identified with the Democratic party and cast his first presidential vote for Martin Van Buren in 1840. He is a man highly esteemed and honored by his neighbors and friejids, and himself and wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church. Miles Smith, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Upper Canada, near Hamilton, in 1836, and when nine years old accompanied his parents to Whiteside County, 111. He went to Boulder County, Colo., in 1860, and then to Schuyler County, Mo., in the fall of 1867, where he has since resided, with the exception of some time spent in Colorado, engaged in mining. He has followed the occupation of farming and stock raising since his boyhood, and, although he started in life when sixteen with no means, has a well improved farm of 110 acres. In 1858 he married Miss Nancy F. Jillson, daughter of George and Bhoda (McCapers) Jillson, natives of Genesee and Cattaraugus Counties, N. T., respectively. The father was of English and the mother of Scotch-English descent. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have had eight children: Etta M., George C, William S., Louisa L., Henry H., Walter S., Mary A. and Charles C. Mr. Smith served under Col. Shoop during the Indian trouble in Col- orado, and in politics is independent. He was the fourth child of ten. His parents, Harry and Hannah (Eoman) Smith, were natives of Vermont and Germany, respectively. The father moved from Canada when twenty years of age, and died in Whiteside County, 111., at the age of seventy-five. His father was born in England, and came to the United States at the age of twenty. The mother of Mrs. Smith was a daughter of Maj. McCapers, who came from England with his father when four years old, and settled in Cattaraugus County, N. Y. J. M. Smith, general merchant, was born in Lewis County, Mo., in 1840, and moved to Schuyler County in 1854. He then returned to his native county, but in 1860 came to Schuyler County again, where he has since resided. He began life for himself when twenty-six years of age, a poor man with no capital, and is now the owner of a general store, his business property, and a residence in Downing, all of which are the result of his own labor and good management. In 1861 he enlisted in the army and served six months, after which he farmed until 1880, when he 214 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. archased a stock of goods from William Barbee, in partnership ith N. A. Lane, and two years later became the owner of the atire stock. In 1866 he was married to Miss Phoebe Hook, a atiye of Pendleton County, Ky. Mrs. Smith was principally 3ared in Scotland County, Mo., and is a daughter of James [. and Sarah Ann (Morris) Hook, natives of Pendleton ounty, Ky. Mrs. Hook was a daughter of Eichard and hcebe (Caster) Morris, and her husband a son of Kimmith Qd Nancy Hook. • Eichard Morris was a soldier in the War E 1812. J. M. Smith, the subject of this sketch, is a Demo- rat in politics, and a Master Mason. He is the seventh of a imily of ten children born to John C. and Marrilla (Martin) mith, natives of Fairfax County, Va., who, in 1826, moved to ennsylvania, and three years later to Missouri, where they died I Schuyler County at an advanced age. They were of Ger- lan-Irish and French-English descent, respectively. • Mr. J. M. mith is a member of the Christian Church. A. H. F. Smith, hardware merchant, was born in County Kil- Bnny, Ireland, in 1844, and is a son of Eev. Ambrose and Letitia Rawlins) Smith, both natives of Dublin, Ireland, and of French- [uguenot descent. The father was a graduate of Trinity Col- !ge, Dublin, and an ordained minister in the Episcopalian hurch. He went to England in 1845, but after a residence of )ur years in that country he returned to Ireland. In 1849 he ime to America, and located at San Antonio, Texas, being the rst Episcopal minister of the place. About 1852 he went to "ew Orleans, and retiring iiom the ministry, became a private >acher of Latin and Greek. In 1858 he returned to his native md. He died in Wales. The mother lived in New Orleans ntil 1873, in which year she died at the residence of a daughter ving in Southwestern Missouri. Our subject was the eldest >n of a family of three sons and two daughters. He received good English education, and at the age of thirteen began to :erk in New Orleans. In 1862 he was a volunteer in Com- any F, Crescent Eegiment, Confederate Army, and served as jcond .junior lieutenant. He participated in the battles of hiloh, Texana Eoad, Franklin, Camp Bisland, and was in the ied Eiver Campaign, under Gen. Taylor. After the close of the ar, he became interested in mercantile pursuits in New Orleans ntil 1872. Four years later he located at Glenwood, and mbarked in the hardware business, at which he still continues. a 1880 he married Celest O'Day, a native of Wisconsin, and a ster of the president of the San Francisco Eailroad. To this nion three children have been born : Ambrose, Thomas K. O. ad Mary. Mr. Smith is an Episcopalian, and his wife belongs SCHUYLEE COUNTY. 1215 to the Catholic Church. In politics he is a Democrat. He is a member of Glenwood Lodge No. 427, in Masonry, and one of the respected and honored business men of the town. Mathias Speer is a native of Overton County, Tenn., and was born in 1817, and is a son of George and Mary (Dougherty) Speer. The father was of Irish and Dutch descent, and was born in Virginia about 1822. He moved from Tennessee to Morgan County, 111., and in 1836 went to Burlington, Iowa, and from there to Illinois, where he died. He was twice married. The mother of our subject died when he was a small child. He was reared at home, and received his education at Burlington, Iowa, bearing the expenses himself. When twenty-four years old he was married to Miss Lucy Ann Hill, a native of Illinois, and to this union four children were born, of whom two are liv- ing: Charles P. (of Atchison County, Mo.), and America J. (wife of George W. Pryor, of Harrison County). In 1853 Miss Helen M., daughter of H. D. and Susan Thorp, of Iowa, became his wife, and this union was blessed with six children, four of whom are living: Nathan T. (postmaster at Green Top), Emma S. (wife of J. Dyer, of Adair County), George B. M. and Alletta Catherine. About 1848 Mr. Speer removed to Schuyler County, ■and located nine miles northeast of Lancaster, and in 1853 went to Adair County. During the war he removed to Green Top, where he has since made his home, with the exception of the year 1884, which he spent in Kansas, where he owns 107 acres of land, well improved and cultivated, and he has 200 acres in Adair -County, Mo. His son, Charles Porter, served in the Union Army during the late war. In politics Mr. Speer is a Democrat, and «ast his first presidential vote for Van Buren in 1840. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the Rebecca Lodge at Glenwood. His wife is a Methodist. Orland Byron Spencer, druggist, was born in Erie County, Penn., in 1837. His father, H. A., was born in Canada, where his parents had gone previous to the War of 1812. From there he moved to New Hampshire, and from there to Pennsylvania, where he married and lived until about 1840. After a short residence in Clay County, Mo., he moved to Illinois, and from there to Iowa where he died in 1883. The mother still lives there, and is about seventy years of age. She is a member of the Christian Church, of which Mr, Spencer was a minister. In poli- tics H. A. Spencer was respectively a Whig, Know-nothing,Eepub- lican and Greenbacker. In 1861 he served as second lieutenant in Oompany E, of the Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, and the following year was made captain of the same, but in 1864 resigned on account of poor health. By trade he was a carriage and wagon-maker and 1216 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. blacksmith, and in the latter trade his father and four brothers were also proficient. ^Orland Byron was the eldest of eight children, and was chiefly reared and educated in Iowa. At the age of fifteen he began to learn the blacksmith's trade, at which he worked in all about twenty years. In 1864 he enlisted in Company D, Forty-fifth Iowa Infantry, and served a short time as company clerk. For twelve years he was in partnership with his father, but in 1876 opened a hardware store, which he ran until 1879. He then came to Schuyler County, and located in Glenwood Township, and went into business with G. D. Gray, who in 1886 was succeeded by his son. The present firm o£ Spencer & Gray is known as one of the first drug houses of the State, and does a thriving business. In 1882 Mr. Spencer was married to Emma Cullen, a native of Ohio, by whom two chil- dren have been born: James Clarence and William Horace. In politics Mr. Spencer is a Bepublican, and in Masonry belongs to the Commandery. Isaac W. Stanley was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, in 1831, and is a son of John and Betsey (Hubble) Stanley, both natives of Pennsylvania. In early life they moved to Trumbull County; in 1849 they moved to Wapello County, Iowa, and afterward to Cass County, where both died. They were both members of the Congregational Church. The father was a strong Whig during the days of that party, but after the organi- zation of the Republican party became a member of its ranks. His occupation was that of farming. Isaac W. was the young- est but one of a family of five cluldten, and spent his early days upon the farm. His early education was confined to the district schools, but at the age of seventeen he attei^ed Alleg- heny College a short time. He then taught school about four terms, and after engaging in farming to some extent, opened a store at Glenwood, which he conducted about two years. He then traded it for a mill, which in 1885 he converted into a roller mill of fifty barrel capacity. This being the best mill in North- east Missouri, his patrons came from a distance of thirty and thirty-five miles to trade with him. In 1879 he bought the St. Nicholas Hotel, and is now the proprietor of the best hotel in the county,, although he began life with but few advantages. In 1854 he married Eveline Campbell, who was born in New Hamp- shire in 1832, and accompanied her parents to Iowa when quite young. This union has been blessed with the following children i Edward F., Jessie and Harry L. ^The eldest .child was a con- ductor on the Atchison, Topeka & Sante Fe Eailroad, and in 1885 met his death while on a run-away engine. In politics Mr. Stanley is a Eepublican. • SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1217 Elder Ennis Starbuck, minister and farmer, was born in Perry County, Tenn., in 1833, and is the second of twelve children born to Daniel and Nancy (Shelton) Starbuck. He came to Schuyler County with his parents, in 1852, and two years later was married to Miss Julia Ann, daughter of J. H. and Julia Hathaway, formerly of Vermont. Mrs. Starbuck was born in Ohio, and to her union with our subject eight children were born, six now living: Alma (wife of G. W. Smith), Lutheria A. (wife of J. C. De Armond of Colorado), Gary E., Lelia N., D wight D. and Seth H. Mr. Starbuck has been a resident of this neigh- borhood over thirty-five years and owns 102 acres of land in the home place five miles east of Queen City, and fifty acres of land in timber. When in Tennessee and at the age of eighteen he united with the Missionary Baptist Church, and in 1854 was ver- bally licensed to preach, and was ordained in May, 1859. He is now in charge of the Baptist Church at Lancaster, and out of twenty annual sessions of the North Missouri Baptist Association he has presided at eleven, and is the present chairman of the exec- utive board of that association. For over thirty years he has been a devout and zealous worker in the cause of religion and has baptized over seventy -five people, four of whom are his brothers and sister. Mrs. Starbuck and all but one of the children are members of the same church. When seventeen years of age Mr. Starbuck voluntarily resolved that intoxicating liquors should never pass his lips and has firmly adhered to this resolution throughout his lifetime. Francis Marion Starbuck, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Perry County, Tenn., in 1843, and is a son of Daniel and Nancy (Shelton) Starbuck. Daniel Starbuck descended from an old Quaker family of Nantucket Island, and was born in North Carolina in 1799, but was mostly reared in Indiana by his grand- father. Gear Starbuck, a native of England, but an early settler of Nantucket Island. He afterward moved to North Carolina, and from there to Indiana, where Daniel was first married. After his removal to Perry County, Tenn., he was married to the mother of our subject, in 1831, and lived in Perry County until 1852, when he came to Schuyler County, locating five miles south- east of Queen City, spending the remainder of his life as a farmer and carpenter. He died in 1870, the county then losing one of its earliest settlers. The mother was born in Virginia in 1808. She is a member of the Baptist Church. When but nine years of age Francis Marion was brought to Schuyler County, where he was reared, his opportunities for attending school being- very meager. Of Southern nativity and reared under Southern influence, his sympathies were naturally with the South at the 1218 BIOGEAPHICAL APPENDIX. breaking out of the war, and in August, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany C, of a Missouri regiment, doing gallant service under Gen. Sterling Price for over three years in a cause which he thought was right. Among the numerous engagements in which he par- ticipated were those of Eea Eidge and Corinth, after which he returned to Arkansas, and was discharged at Grand Prairie, in the latter part of ■ 1863 on account of disability. Subsequently he was captured and confined as a prisoner for ten days in St. Louis. October 24, 1869, Mr. Starbuck was married to Miss Eliza J. Pruett, daughter of B. M. and Virginia Pruett, natives of Virginia, from which State they remov.ed to Illinois, and thence to Schuyler County, at an early date. .Mrs. Starbuck was born in Marion County, 111., September 12, 1851. They have six children: Eleanor, born in 1872; Minnie, in 1873; Ettie, in 1875; Delia, in '1879; Luretta, in 1882, and Sophronia, in 1885. Following his marriage Mt. Starbuck immediately located where he has since made his home, six miles southeast of Queen City, in Prairie Township. This is an excellent farm of 200 acres, substantially improved, the possession of which speaks well for one whose . early opportunities and advantges were so limited. His entire life has been one of i-ndustry and frugality, his char- acter above reproach and suspicion, and his business transactions strictly honest. He is a steadfast wdrker for the cause of educa- tion and the general upbuilding of the community, and spares no pains in the education of his children. He has been a life-long and consistent Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Tilden in 1876. He is a prominent member of the Masonic fra- ternity and of the Grange order. Himself and wife are members in good standing of the Missionary Baptist Church, e W. H. Starret, liveryman, is a native of Madison County, Ohio, and was born in 1842. His parents, John and Mary (Weaver) Starret, were bom in Cha,mpaign County, Ohio, in 1811 and Clark County, Ohio, in 1817, respectively. The father was a farmer by occupation, and- when a youth went to Madison County, Ohio. He was married in 1856, and moved to DeWitt County, III. In the spring of 1858 he came to Schuyler County, Mc, set- tled at Tippecanoe, and became the owner of 225 acres of land. His death occurred in 1887. Mrs. Starret is now seventy-one years of age, and is the mother of seven children, of whom our subject is the second. He came to Missouri when* a boy^ and lived with his parents until twenty years of age, receiving his education at the common schools. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Seventh Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served nearly three years, and was in the Atlanta campaign. He was discharged at Camp But- SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1219 ler, 111., and returned to Schuyler County, Mo. In 1868 he mar- ried Miss Angeline B. Walker, a native of Ohio, and the mother -of three children: Fay (eighteen yeaj's old). May (ten years old), and an infant. In 1866 Mr. Starret established a grocery store in Lancaster, and in 1869 secured the mail route between Lan- <5aster and Glenwood, making two trips each day. He has since been in the business on the present route, In 1875 he built a livery stable, and has since been successful in»that business, and owns ten horses, eight conveyances and an omnibus, being- well prepared to supply the wants of the traveling public. He is a Republican and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln, in 1864. He formerly belonged to the I. O. O. F., ■end his wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Thomas J. Threlkeld is a son of William G. and Mary (Churchill) Thelkeld, natives of Shelby County Ky., where they passed their lives. Both were members of the Missionary Bap- tist Church. The father was a saddler and farmer by occupation •and served in Col. Dick Johnson's regiment, in the War of 1812, and was badly wounded at the battle of the Thames. In politics he was a Whig. Thomas J. was the third of a family of ten chil- dren fl,nd born in Shelby County in 1819. He was left an orphan while very young and was cared for by an uncle. He received a good English education during his youth, and at the age of six- teen began to learn the tailor's trade, at which he worked until twenty years of age, and then turned his attention to farming. Jn 1842 he came to Scttuyler County, and locBited at the place whsre he now resides. In 1844 he married Elizabeth J. Fulcher, a native of Boone County, Mo., and daughter of Jefferson Fulcher. qTMs union has been blessed with ten children: William O., John H., Mary A., Snsie E., qMartha A., Henry C, Ella M., Thomas J., James M. and Minnie B.o John H. is a physician and preacher of Indiana. Thomas J. is principal of the Glen- wood- schools. Mrs. Tr^lkeld was a member of the Methodist Chutch South. Her death occurred in 1874. Mr. Threlkeld was a Whig during the days of that party, but is now a Democrat. He is a well-to-do and prosperous farmer, and the owner of 100 acres of good land. Adoniram J. Tisdale was born near Springfield, Ohio, in 1834, December 15, and is the fourth" of a family of seven chil- dren born to Eobert D. and Minerva (Forsythe) Tisdale, natives of Virginia and Pennsylvania, 'respectively. When young both moved to Ohio, where Mr. Tisdale studied, medicine and prac- ticed that profession successfully for about forty years. He remained in Ohio until about 1836, and then moved to Adams ■County, Ind. While there he served as county judge some time. 220 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. id also was elected representative of Adams and Jay Counties, at as these duties interfered with his profession, he refused a i-election. The mother of our subject died in Adams County, a ember of the Missionary Baptist Chnrch, to which church Mr. isdale belongs. The father is now living with his fourth wife, I Madison County, Iowa, where he moved in 1856. He was igaged in farming in Iowa some time, but is now living a (tired life. Adoniram laid the foundation of his education at le village school, and afterward attended Franklin College. He so spent a large portion of. his time in his father's apothecary lop, and studied under his guidance. After coming to Iowa ith his parents he engaged in farming, but finding that the )untry needed his services, enlisted in 1861, in Company F, ourth Iowa Infantry, U. S. A., as private, and from that posi- on became successively corporal, sergeant, second lieutenant id captain. He participated in the battles of Pea Eidge, Vicks- iirg, Port Gibson, Jackson^ Champion's Hill, Baker's Creek, Look- \t Mountain, Missionary Eidge and Taylorsville. He afterward jcompanied his regiment on the Atlanta Campaign, and was in the ittles of Eesaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Jonesboro, id Griffin's Station, and from there marched on to the sea aad articipated in the engagement at Savannah. He also marched irough the Carolinas and fought at the battle of Bentonville. •uring his service .of four years and three months, he was in rery battle (thirty-six in all) in which his regiment was en- ag§d, and at the battle of Dallas, Ga., received a severe injury, •om which he has never recovered, and, on account of which, he ow draws a pension. He received his discharge at Davenport, Dwa, in AugusJ, 1865. In 1863 he married Caroline Parker, a ative of Coshocton County, O., born in 1842, and a daughter of ,ev. Leonard and Mary (Hill) Parker, natives of New York and ermont, respectively. They moved to Ohio when young, and lere were married. The father was a minister of the Methodist Ipiscopal Church for many years, and while a resident of Ohio rote a work on "Baptism" and " tJniversalism Against Itself." a 1855 he moved to Iowa, and engaged in farming in connec- on with his ministerial duties. Mrs. Parker was also a Metho- ist, and the mother of three sons and eleven daughters. After er death Mr. Parker was married to Eachel Peach. In early fe he was a Whig, but afterward became a Eepublican. The nion of Mr. Tisdale and Miss Parker has been blessed with )ur children: Albert M., Nellie P., Eobert L. and an infant. a 1865 the family moved to Schuyler County, Mo., where they ave since resided. Mr. Tisdale now owns a good farm of 280 3res of land, which he devotes to stock raising and farming. SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1221 In politics he has always been a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln. He was brought out by his party for circuit clerk of Schuyler County, in 1870, and for State Senator some years later. He belongs to the secret socie- ties of Masonry, A. O. U. W. and G. A. E. Mrs. Tisdale is a member of the Methodist Church. Wesley D. Trimble, farmer, was born in Morgan County, Ohio, in 1848, and is a son of Daniel and Nancy (Miner) Trim- ble, natives of Ohio, where they were reared and married. They moved to Illinois when Wesley was seven years old, taking him with them. In 1856 the family moved to Appanoose County, Iowa, where Mr. and Mrs. Trimble spent their latter days. The father was a farmer by occupation, and in politics a Democrat. Our subject was the third child of a family of eight sons and two daughters. He was reared under the parental roof, making himself useful upon the farm, and received but a very limited school education. At the age of twenty he began life for him- self by working upon the railroad. In 1872 he went to south- western Kansas, but after living there four years, and suffering greatly from chills, spent a year in travelling through Texas, Arizona and New Mexico. He then returned to Iowa, and in 1879 married Miss Julia A., daughter of Alexander and Hannah (Noggle) Wills, natives of Macon County, Mo., and Ohio, res- pectively. Mr. and Mrs. Wills were married in Illinois, and afterward became early settlers in Schuyler County, locating upon a farm from which they never moved, and upon which Mr. Trimble now resides. This farm now consists of 167 acres of well cultivated land, upon which is a comfortable house and good outbuildings. Mrs. Trimble was born in Schuyler County, in 1857, is a worthy member of the Christian Church, and the mother of four children: James E., Clarence F., Mary N. and Effie L. Stephen S. Vittetoe, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Grainger County, Tenn., and was born in 1818. His parents, Thomas and Susannah (Dodson) Vittetoe, were early settlers of his native county, and the father died there in 1880. The mother is still a resident of the same county. Our subject remained at home until fifteen years of age, and then worked out until twenty-one years old, when he started in life for himself. In 1840 he mar- ried Miss Emeline, daughter of William Proctor and Margaret (Taden) Proctor, formerly of: Grainger County, Tenn., where Mrs. Vittetoe was born. To Mr. and Mrs. Vittetoe twelve chil- dren have been born, all save one now living: Frankie (wife of Isaiah Capps, of Cedar County), Thomas, William Proctor (of Cedar County), Silas, Joseph, John R., Levandie, Minnie (wife 1222 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. of James Coleman, of Adams County, 111.), MoUie (wife of John Van Meter), Rhoda (wife of Henry C. Patterson), and Florence. In 184:2 Mr. Vittetoe removed to Adair County, where he lived about thirty years, and then went to Des Moines County, Iowa, where he remained until 1871, when he came to Schuyler County and located just west of Queen City, where he now has a fine farm of 120 acres and thirty acres of timber. Mr. Vittetoe has always been a hard working and industrious man, and his prop- erty is the result of his hard labor and good management. He was one of the early settlers of Adair County, Mo. Politically he is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Van Buren, in 1840. His wife is a member of the old Baptist Church. William Wayman, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Mich- igan in 1840, and is a son of William and Mary (Price) Way- man, natives of Bucks County, Penn., where they were reared and married. They afterward lived in Indiana and Michigan, and in 1840 removed to Jo Daviess County, 111., where the father died in 1846. The mother was married a second time about 1856 to George Byers, who is also deceased. Mrs. Byers lives in Illinois, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject was reared by his mother, and in 1862 married Miss Sarah Ellen, daughter of Amos and Elizabeth Scott, natives of Pennsylvania and Kentucky, respectively. Mrs. Wayman was born in Illinois, and to her union with our subject eight children have been born, all save one living: Henry E., William Ira, Mary E., Amos Scott, Jesse E., Thomas W. and James. Mr. Wayman remained in Jo Daviess County until 1876 and then came to Schuyler County, and located one mile north of Green Top, where he has 486 acres of land under good cultivation. He has made farming his sole occupation, and is now one of the prosperous and substantial farmers oJE the county. In politics he is a Republican, and cast his first presidential vote for Lincoln. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. and is a public spirited citizen, greatly interested in the education of the future generation. William Welsh, farmer and stock raiser, is a native of Scot- land, and was born in 1815. He is a son of William and Mar- garet (Derby) Welsh, also natives of Scotland, where they were reared and married, and where the father died when our subject was an infant. His widow was again married in 1852, emigrated to the United States, and soon after died in Illinois. William availed himself of the advantages offered by the best schools of his native country, and soon acquired proficiency in his studies, being especially advanced in mathematics. When eighteen years of age he came to the United States, and spent SCHUYLER COUNTY. 1223 several years working on a canal, and then went to Illinois where he superintended the construction of a railroad being built in that State. He was married in New York City, in 1833, to Miss Jane Ohissolm, a native of Scotland, by whom he had twelve children, six of whom are now living: Joseph (of Kansas), Alexander (of Kansas), Isabella (wife of William Birney), George, Jane (wife of William Farr) and Thomas. Mrs. Welsh died in 1863 and the following year Mr. Welsh married Mrs. Nancy Reduian, by whom he had five children, three now living: John, Charley and Newton. In 1865, he located t^o and one-half miles north of Queen City, where he has a fine farm of 760 acres, after having given his children 800 acres. His farm is one of the finely improved and cultivated tracts of land in this section of the country, and is the result of industry and good management. He is also an extensive stock dealer. In politics he was once a Whig, but is now a Bepublican. He is a member of the Method- ist Episcopal Church, and one of the substantial and worthy men of the county. William J. Williams, proprietor of the Glenwood Woolen Mills, was born in Wales, in 1838, where he was reared and edu- cated at the common schools of the country. During his youth he became proficient in the millwright and carpenter trades, which he learned of his father. When eighteen years of age he left his native country and came alone to the United States, and after arriving in Des Moines County, Iowa, near Burlington, where an uncle of his was residing, he decided to remain and work on his uncle's farm for a while, but his uncle died suddenly and left him to shift for himself again, and he began to build and repair mills, but by working on river mills, got the fever and ague so bad that he was not fit to live or die. He purchased a saw-mill and timber, and engaged in the manufacture of lumber and also added woolen machinery for the manufacture of woolen goods. Later he gave his whole attention to the latter business, and, in partnership with two others, ran a large factory, but on account of mismanagement and debts con- tracted without his knowledge, by his partners, the business was soon fuined. In 1881 he came to Glenwood and purchased the Glenwood Woolen Mills, which he has since run, and to which he has attached a saw-mill. September 15, 1870, he married Amanda J. Johnson, a native of Iowa, and born October 20, 1852. To this union five children have been born: John Albert, George Thomas, Annie May, Walter Greenleaf and How- ard Percy. Mr. Williams is a member of the Congregational Church. In politics he is conservative and votes for the man he thinks best without regard to political affiliation. For twenty- 1224 BIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX. three years he has been a Mason and is a member of Glenwood Lodge No. 427 ; was initiated in 1864 at Adoniram Lodge No. 120, Iowa. Dr. James A. Wilson, physician and surgeon, was born in Virginia in 1845, and is the son of Dr. Joseph and Eachel L. (Bell) Wilson, also natives of Virginia, where they spent their entire lives. The father was a graduate of Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, Penn., and made the medical profession his life-long occupation. He was for some time physician and surgeon of the insane asylum of his State, and died at the age of seventy-three, full of professional honors. The mother died in 1853. Our subject was reared at home, and his early school life was spent at the common schools of his county. He took two courses at the Washington and Lee University at Lexington, Va., and read medicine one year with his father. In 1866-67 he attended the medical department of the University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, Va., from which institution he graduated in 1867. A year later he graduated from the Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York, and immediately commenced to practice his profession in Augusta County, Va., where for a number of years he was recognized as one of her leading physicians. In 1878 he came to Schuyler County, and located at Green Top, where he has built up an extensive and lucrative practice, and ranks among the foremost in his profession in the county. He also superintends his farm of over 500 acres. In December, 1864, he enlisted in McClannahan's battery. Confederate Army, and served six months during the Virginia campaign. The next six months he had charge of a signal line from Staunton to Huttonsville, Va., and then for three months was at Staunton in the topographi- cal department, aiding in perfecting a description of the cam- paign of the valley, and also spent three months at the same occupation in Winchester and vicinity. In September, 1872, he was married to Martha T., daughter of Henry and Angeline Mish, a native of Virginia, by whom he has had six children, three of whom are living: Wallace, Maggie and Susie. Mrs. Wilson died June 15, 1886, and Dr. Wilson wedded Miss Sallie J. Dunlap, a native of Virginia, in March, 1887, and lost his last wife, in June, 1887. In politics Dr. Wilson is a Democrat, and he is a member of the I. O. O. P. He is a public spirited man, and is always inter- ested in laudable public enterprises. Charles Wirth, lumber merchant, is a native of Bavaria, Germany, and was born in 1842. His parents, Michael and Anna (Graser) Wirth, were natives of Germany, where the father was engaged in mercantile business. He was born in 1800, and died in 1868. The mother was born in 1805, and died in 1869. SCHUyLEE COIJNTY. 1225 Our subject is the only living child of his parents, and received his early education at the common schools of his native country until fourteen years of age, and then attended a business college for four years, and, after graduating from that institution, trav- eled for a match factory for three years, at the end of that time immigrating to the United States and locating in Burlington, Iowa, and worked in a lumber yard. His employers moving to Keokuk in 1870, Mr. Wirth accompanied them, and remained in their employ until 1875, when he came to Lancaster, and estab- lished a business for himself, in which he is still interested. He now owns the oldest and largest lumber yard in Lancaster, and deals in all kinds of pine lumber, shingles, doors, windows, etc., and is regarded as one of the best business men of the town. He is comfortably situated in a two-story frame dwelling, which he erected in 1883 at a cost of $3,000, and which is located in a desirable locality. In April, 1872, he married Miss Mary Mau- rer, daughter of Henry Maurer of Burlington, Iowa, in which Mrs. Wirth was born in 1857. This lady is the mother of three children: Minnie, Ida and an infant. Mr. Wirth is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for S. J. Tilden in 1876. He is a member of the I. O. O. F., of the past-grand degree, and himself and wife are members of the Boman Catholic Church. Jacob Wittmer was born in Switzerland, in 1828, where he received a common-school education. He left his native country in 1845, and came to the United States, locating in Ohio until 1858, and then coming to Schuyler County, Mo. In 1859 he located at Green Top, and engaged in shoemaking until 1880, since which time he has been a furniture dealer, cabinet-maker and undertaker at that place. He was married at Portsmouth, Ohio, to Miss Susan, daughter of John Eeuder, a native of Bavaria, and to this union five children were born, viz. : Jacob (of Sulli- van County) , Elizabeth (wife of Samuel Walker, of Horton, Kas. ) , Charlotte (wife of Milton C. Asher, of Trenton), Deborah and Mary. In 1882 Mr. Wittmer was elected county judge of the Third District, and filled that office efficiently for a term of two years. He is a Democrat, and cast his first presidential vote for Pierce in 1852. He is a prominent member of the I. O. O. P., and has served as representative in the State lodge two years. His parents were George and Aster (Stirneman) Wittmer. The father was born in 1801, and the mother about ten years previ- ous. In 1848 they immigrated to the United States, and located in Ohio, where they spent the remainder of their lives. In early life Mr. Wittmer was foreman of a silk factory, for twenty years. mri mm "111,