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A NEW STAK ATLAS. 
 
LOKDOS : PBISTEB BY 
 
 SPOTTISWOODI! and CO., KEW-STEEET SQUARll 
 
 ASD PABLlAMEJfT 8TKEET 
 
A NEW STAR ATLAS 
 
 THE LIBEAEY, THE SCHOOL, AND THE OBSERVATORY. 
 
 IN TWELVE CIRCULAR MAPS 
 
 (WITH TWO INDEX PLATES). 
 
 INTENDED AS A COMPANION TO 
 'WEBB'S CELESTIAL OBJECTS FOB COMMON TELESCOPES.' 
 
 WITH A LETTERPRESS INTRODVCTIOH ON THE STUDY OF TBE STARS, 
 ILLUSTRATED Br SEVERAL WOODCUTS. 
 
 RICHARD A. PROCTOR, B.A. Camb. 
 
 HON. SEC. H.A.S. 
 
 ATTTHOR OF 'THE SUN,* 'OTHER WORLDS TFIAN OURS,' 'SATURN AND ITS SYSTEM,* 
 
 *A NEW LARGE STAR ATLAS,' 'THE GNOMONIC STAR ATLAS,' 
 
 'THE HANDBOOK OP THE STARS,' ETC. 
 
 ' Why did not somebody teach me the Constellations, and make 
 me at home in the starry heavens, which Are always overhead, 
 and which I don't half know to tliis day ? ' Carlyle. 
 
 LONDON: 
 LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 
 
 1881. 
 
 All Tights reserved. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This Atlas is reduced from my large Star Atlas. 
 The plan on which it has been constructed — briefly 
 described in the accompanying letterpress — needs 
 no special discussion here ; because I have already 
 fully dealt with it in the introduction to the large 
 Atlas. I may remark, howeyer, that the present 
 work affords new and striking evidence of the advan- 
 tages of the plan; for we have here a little book 
 which can be cSirried in the pocket, while the small 
 Atlas published by the Society for Diffusing Useful 
 Knowledge is printed on sheets about sixteen inches 
 square ; and yet the scale of the accompanying maps 
 is larger than that of the S.D.TJ.K. Atlas. The re- 
 duction in size is gained chiefly by a reduction in 
 the distortion of the maps, the maximum expansion 
 due to this cause being fifty -eight times greater in 
 the S.D.TJ.K. maps than in the present (see note at 
 pp. 11, 12). Moreover, the twelve maps of this 
 Atlas overlap, a fifth part of the heavens being in- 
 cluded in the overlaps; so that each of the twelve 
 maps exhibits a tenth part of the heavens. 
 
VI PREFACE 
 
 No pains have been spared to clear the maps of all 
 which could cause confusion to the beginner; but 
 this has been done in such a way that the more 
 advanced student may find nothing wanting. For 
 example, the meridians and parallels are drawn in 
 to every fifteenth, instead of every fifth degree (as 
 usual) ; but, since all the intersections of these lines 
 to every fifth degree are marked in the maps (with a 
 small cross), the places of stars can be determined, 
 from catalogues or the like, as readily as though the 
 lines themselves were marked in. In like manner all 
 the longitude and latitude lines, except the ecliptic 
 and the solstitial colures, are omitted; but their 
 intersections to every fifteenth degi-ee are marked 
 (with a small dotted cross), and any student who is 
 sufiiciently advanced to require these lines will be 
 able to recognise very readily where they lie, or to 
 pencil them in if need be. I consider their omission, 
 and the omission of all but every third of the me- 
 ridians and parallels usually introduced, to be abso- 
 lutely essential for the convenience of the majority 
 of those who will use these maps ; though the maps 
 would, undoubtedly, be imperfect if the position of 
 these lines were not indicated. 
 
 The method of indicating the effects of precession 
 is also novel. Instead of a precession-triangle in the 
 corner of each map, with instructions for obtaining 
 compass measurements, I have placed precession- 
 arrows over the maps (always on latitude-par aUels, 
 15° 30°, &c,) ; and these show at once by what am aunt 
 
PREFACE. vii 
 
 stars in tlie neighbourliood are precessionally dis- 
 placed in one hundred years. In passing, however, 
 let me call the student's attention to the fact (often 
 forgotten) that the stars suffer no real displacement, 
 and that he -will do well to regard the effects of 
 precession as shifting the meridians and parallels 
 bodily in a direction contrary to that indicated by 
 the arrows. 
 
 The constellation boundaries are somewhat darker 
 than I would have had them if I had not had to con- 
 sider the requirements of beginners. It seems to me 
 very necessary that the extent of each constellation 
 should be recognisable at a glance (at least by most of 
 those who will use these maps). Indeed, if no other 
 means would suffice for this, the spaces should be 
 coloured as in geographical maps. I think the pre- 
 sent arrangement meets all requirements. 
 
 As to the constellation-figures, I conceive that few 
 will be disposed to regret their omission from the 
 present Atlas. The old usage — by which a star's 
 place was indicated by a reference to the club of 
 Orion, or the northern claw of the Crab, or the 
 southern wing of the Virgin, and so on — is happily 
 falling into disuse ; and, as the number or letter of a 
 star is always mentioned, even by those who employ 
 the ancient practice, no difficulty can ever arise in 
 finding any star referred to.* 
 
 * In my Gnomonic Atlas the figures are shown. The plates belongiDg 
 to that atlas form the index plates of my large atlas, and can also be 
 obtained separately. 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 It is of more importance to notice that the present 
 Atlas is specially intended to serve as a companion 
 to Mr. Webb's excellent treatise, ' Celestial Objects 
 for Common Telescopes.' With a very few excep- 
 tions, aU the objects mentioned in that work are 
 shown in this Atlas. The exceptions relate to objects 
 (some twenty in all, perhaps) which could not be 
 introduced without overcrowding. To make up for 
 these omissions, however, several hundreds of objects 
 not included in Mr. Webb's charming work are 
 shown in this Atlas. Thus, all the objects in Admiral 
 Smyth's ' Celestial Cycle,' all the binary stars in 
 Mr. Brothers's catalogue, all the Red Stars in 
 Schjellerup's catalogue,* all the nebulae down to 
 the order marked ' very bright ' in Sir J. Herschel's 
 great catalogue, aie introduced here, with only 
 such exceptions (perhaps a score in all) as were 
 necessary to avoid overcrowding. It is hoped that, 
 with this unusual richness in objects of interest, the 
 Atlas wiU prove a complete vade mecum for the 
 amateur telescopist. 
 
 I have to thank Mr. Webb for the careful revision 
 of the Atlas, so far as the objects to be included in 
 
 * Some of these stars would appear to be variable in colour ; at least 
 Mr. Webb and other careful observers do not recognise any ruddiness 
 in certain stars included in Schjellerup's catalogue. Such stars are 
 marked ' Eu ?' The student should notice, also, that the catalogue is 
 incomplete, many red stars having been noted since it was drawn up. 
 Furthermore, many of the stars included in the catalogue are not pro- 
 p«rly speaking red, but may rather bo de^eribod as orange or ruddy 
 yellow 
 
PREF4.CI:. ix 
 
 his treatise are concerned. In the course of this 
 revision he has noticed several discrepancies between 
 the constellation outlines in this work (based on 
 the British Association Catalogue) and those used 
 in Smyth's ' Bedford Cycle.' As Mr. Webb's ' Celes- 
 tial Objects ' is closely associated with the ' Cycle,' 
 he has not thought it desirable to remodel the 
 arrangement of the constellations ; and, on the other 
 hand, as this Atlas is a miniature of my ' New Star 
 Atlas,' I should have been unwilling to change the 
 constellation outlines, even if I did not entertain the 
 opinion that Baily's changes result in an immense im- 
 provement. The student will therefore be prepared 
 to find that some few objects described in ' Celestial 
 Objects ' as in one constellation are here shown in 
 another ; and even that some constellations men- 
 tioned in ' Celestial Objects ' (as Antinous, Anser, 
 Clypeus, &c.) are here omitted altogether. But no 
 difficulty need arise on this account, because Mr. 
 Webb in every case mentions the right ascension and 
 declination of the several objects. 
 
 The letterpress introduction has been prepared for 
 the use of beginners, who often find it difficult to 
 compare the heavens with the maps of a star-atlas. 
 I would recommend, as a convenient supplement to 
 the information contained in these pages, my work 
 entitled the ' Half-Hours with the Stars,' published 
 by (and the property of) my friend Mr. Hardwicke, 
 of Piccadilly. Its twelve maps show how the stars are 
 placed, night by night and hour by hour, throughout 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 the year in England. Thus they serve a purpose 
 wholly distinct from that of such a star-atlas as the 
 present. Each work is, however, complete in itself; 
 and, as the ' Half-Hours with the Stars ' suffices to 
 teach the merest begianer the names and places 
 of all the leading star-groups, so the present will 
 enable the learner to identify all the stars of the 
 first five orders of magnitude ; that is, all the stars 
 except the faintest of those seen on very dark and 
 clear nights. 
 
 EICHAED A. PEOCTOE. 
 
 Ebiqhton : December 1371. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 FAon 
 
 The Staery Heavens subhodnd us uke a Hollow Globe . 1 
 
 This (tlobe seemingly tubns bound an Axis , . . . 2 
 
 greneral effects of this tueninq 3 
 
 TtS RATE i 
 
 KeSULTINO MOVEMENTS OF THE StARS EASILY RECOGNISED IN A 
 
 FEW MINUTES fl 
 
 The Stab-sphebb botateb 366 times (boughlt) in a year . 6 
 
 Plan on which the peesent Atlas pictures the Heavens . 7 
 
 Use op the Index Maps 13 
 
 How to compare the Maps with the Heavens . , .14 
 
 Tables I. and II., showing vpheee the Stabs in each Map are 
 
 to be looked for at different hours and seasons . . 20 
 
 Table III., showing what Constellations are visible in 
 England, and in what paet op the Sky, at different 
 
 hours and seasons 22 
 
 Table IV. — List op Constellations (Latin and English names), 
 with the Map in which each Constellation is to be 
 
 found 24 
 
 Table V, — List op Star-names 26 
 
xil CONTENTS. 
 
 LIST OF WOODCUTS. 
 
 FIfJS. PAGL' 
 
 I AND 2. Diagrams illustrating construction df Atlas . 9 
 3 AND 4. „ „ „ , 10 
 
 fl AND 6. „ „ „ „ . . II 
 
 7. Showing where the Bears, Pointers, &c., are to 
 
 BE looked for at DIFFERENT HOURS AND SEASONS 15 
 
 8 AND 9. Showing towards what parts of the Skt thf Stars 
 IN the several Maps of this Atlas are to be 
 
 LOOKlin POR AT different HOURS AND SEASONS 18, 19 
 
HOW TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 On a clear, but dark night, we see many hundreds of stars of 
 various orders of brightness. Those who are but beginning 
 the study of the heavens are impressed with the feeling that 
 it must be a very difBoult task to become familiar with all the 
 star-groups, and to learn the names of the brighter orbs. The 
 task appears yet harder when they are told that the stars seen 
 on one night or at one hour are not the same as those seen on 
 other nights or at other hours — that the aspect of the starry 
 heavens is in fact continually changing. Yet nearly all wish 
 to know the stars, even though they may not wish to engage 
 in the actual study of astronomy. In reality, it is by no 
 means so difficult as might be supposed to recognise all the 
 chief star-groups — or constellations, as they are called — and 
 to learn the names of all the leading stars. One may, without 
 much trouble, become so well acquainted with the stars as to 
 be able to recognise even three or four seen through a break 
 in a cloudy sky. I propose now to show how such knowledge 
 is to be gained. 
 
 In the first place, the student must learn what is the true 
 arrangement of the stars as distinguished from that which he 
 sees at any instant from some standpoint on the earth. He 
 views the heavens as a dome, or hollow half-globe, on the 
 inside of which the stars are spread in hundreds. But he 
 must remember that beneath the horizon there is another 
 similar half-globe, passing right round under his feet, and 
 similarly bespread with stars. If the earth were perfectly 
 transparent, and the light of the sun were lost, the observer on 
 
 B 
 
2 A NEW ST AH ATLAS. 
 
 earth ivould find himself placd seemingly at the centre of a 
 vast hollow globe covered with stars. And if he could con- 
 tinue to watch this globe hour after hour, day after day, and 
 year after year, he would find that all the stars* kept their 
 places on the globe, but that the globe itself seemed to turn 
 bo'dily round, as if on a,n axle passing, througlj bis oiivji position. 
 There; would be a, ceaseless, and perfectly uniform turning 
 round of the sphere of stars, but in other respects there would 
 be no perceptible change in the position of any of the stars. 
 
 The earth not being transparent, we see at night but one 
 half of this rotating . sphere ; and the light of the sun being - 
 sufficient to obliterate that of the stars, we cannot in the day- 
 time see the sphere of stars at all. But the learner must 
 remember that one and the same star-sphere surrounds him on ■ 
 all sides, below as well as above the horizon, and at all hours, 
 by day as well as by night. It is because the stars do not . 
 change in their position on this sphere that they are called jfa;ed , 
 stars. Their fixity enables ua to recognise the groups which 
 they seem to form. A well-marked group of stars, once re- 
 cognised, cannot easily be forgotten ; and it becomes thence- • 
 forth a sort of skymark whence the learner can proceed to 
 other groups. And as there are certain star-groups which al- 
 ways continue above the horizon, the observer who has learned , 
 to recognise some of them, can on any clear night extend his 
 survey frOm these known groups to others that are unknown. 
 
 It is easy to see why some groups are never carried below 
 the horizon, notwithstanding the continual rotation of the star- 
 sphere. Two points of the turning sphere are necessarily ■ 
 fixed. These are called the poles of the celestial sphere. In 
 
 England one of these poles — the north pole of tlie heavens 
 
 lies due north, and rather more than halfway above the 
 horizon, towards the point overhead (called the zenith). The 
 other point is, of course, below the horizon, due south, and 
 rather more than halfway down towards the point directly 
 under the observer (called the nadir). If the observer laces 
 
 * The light of the sun being obliterated, neither the moon nor aiij 
 of the planets wouJd be visible. 
 
sow' TO LEARN THE STARS. 3 
 
 due south, the stars near the horizon on his left hand, or towards 
 the east, have lately risen, and are passing higher; those near 
 the horizon on his right hand, or towards the west, are about to 
 pass below the western horizon. Those which rise above the 
 horizon nearly due east, will pass higher and higher till 
 they are due south, when they will be rather less than half- 
 way from the southern horizon towards the point overhead. 
 Thence they will descend until they are nearly due west, when 
 they wiU pass below the horizon. If the observer, having 
 duly recognised the nature of this motion (which corresponds 
 exactly with the seeming motion of the sun on a spring or 
 autumn day), remembers that it is brought about by the rota- 
 tion of the whole sphere of the stars, he will at once see what 
 must be the nature of the stellar motions in other parts of 
 the heavens. He will see that stars which rise on any part of 
 the horizon from east to south will follow a similar course, but 
 shorter and shorter the nearer their place of rising is to the 
 south point ; their elevation when due south wiU also be less 
 and less ; and they will follow a descending course precisely 
 resembling their ascending course, setting just as far to the 
 wt'st of the south point as they rose to the east of it. A star 
 which is on the horizon when due south can only be seen for 
 a minute or two, just grazing the southern horizon. Stars 
 which rise in any part of the horizon from east to north, will 
 .ilso continue to pass higher and higher till they are due south, 
 following a longer and longer course, the nearer their place of 
 rising is to the north point ; their elevation when due south 
 will also be greater and greater ; and they wiU follow a de- 
 scending course precisely similar to their ascending course, 
 setting just as far to the west of the north point as they rose to 
 the east of it. A star which is on the horizon when due north 
 performs a complete circuit before it again reaches the horizon,. 
 when it is due north as before ; its highest point being reached 
 when due south after half a circuit, at which time it is but 
 about thirteen degrees from the point overhead. No stars 
 within the circuit of such a star ever reach the horizon at all. 
 Each performs a complete circuit, which is smallor and smaller 
 
4 
 
 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 the nearer the star is to the pole of the heavens. A star 
 which, when due north, is about 13 degrees above the horizon, 
 ia almost exactly overhead when half a circuit has been com- 
 pleted. Stars nearer to the pole than this are due north when 
 at their highest in their circuit as well as when at their lowest. 
 
 But let the student bo reminded that all these varieties of 
 motion are the effects of but one single turning movement. 
 He must not suffer himself to be confiised by these motions as 
 described (I have, however, described them as clearly as I 
 could) ; but if he finds doubt arising in his mind, when he is 
 actually studying the stars, let him face due north, and, look- 
 ing towards the north pole of the heavens (a point rather more 
 than halfway above the northern horizon towards the point 
 overhead), let him remember that the stellar, sphere moves as 
 though turning bodily round on an axis, — running from that 
 pole through his own station {which is at the centre of the 
 sphere) to a point directly opposite the former, — the rotation 
 being such that stars near the pole move round it in a direc- 
 tion contrary to that in which the hands of a watch move. It 
 will serve equally well if he faces due south, and remembers 
 that the stellar sphere is being carried round from left to right, as 
 though on an axis passing through his station and the invisible 
 pole (which lies below the southern horizon, and rather more 
 than halfway down towards the point directly beneath him). 
 
 The rate at which the stellar sphere rotates must next be 
 considered. 
 
 Boughly speaking, the sphere of stars may be said to turn 
 round once in each day ; but in reality it turns rather more 
 quickly, so as to make one complete rotation in about four 
 minutes less than a day. Thus a star which rises in the east 
 takes six hours (less about one minute) to reach the highest 
 part of its path, when it is due south ; and it takes the same 
 interval in passing to its setting- place in the west. It is, there- 
 fore, twelve hours above the horizon. Stars whose place of 
 rising lies nearer the south are less than twelve hours above 
 the horizon. Stars which rise to the north of the east point are 
 more than twelve hours above the horizon. Stars which touch 
 
sow TO LEARN tHE STARS. 5 
 
 or pass above the northern horizon take twenty-four hours (less 
 about four minutes) in circling round the pole of the heavens. 
 It is well to remember that the resulting motion of the stars 
 can be easily recognised in a very few minutes. This may be 
 shown in a variety of ways. If a star is seen above or beside 
 some distant object, as a tree or house, then if the student re- 
 main in an unchanged position for a few minutes only, he will 
 see that the star has perceptibly changed its place. If the 
 star is towards the east, it seem.<( to have moved upwards and 
 towards the right. If it is towards the west, it seems to have 
 moved towards the right, and downwards. If it is towards 
 either the south or the north, it seems to have moved horizon- 
 tally towards the right. (AH stars near the hoi'izon move to- 
 wards the right, though only those towards the north and 
 south move horizontally.) Ten minutes will produce an un- 
 mistakabte change of place.* 
 
 * It is strange how little familiar most persons are with the fact that 
 the stellar motions are thus obvious. The notion seems to prevail that 
 only the astronomer in his protracted night-watching can become cogni- 
 zant of the stellar motions. One of the most beautiful and touching 
 descriptions in all Dickens's works — the death of Stephen Blackpool, in 
 Hard Times^s somewhat impaired by the introduction of an im- 
 possible star, shining for hours down the deep chasm into which the 
 poor fellow had fallen. The mouth of the Old Hell Shaft was so 
 narrow a chasm as to be concealed by tall grass. Stephen fell far down ; 
 and the star was so bright that he could show it to Eachael among all the 
 other stars visible on an autumn night. Certainly no such star exists in 
 the. catalogues of astronomers. It is probable, however, that Dickens 
 may have heard some such story about a bright star — Venus or Jupiter 
 T— only the star cannot have been seen just overhead. Novelists and 
 poets sometimes introduce astronomical details rather unhappily. One 
 has made the new moon rise at one o'clock in the taoming; another 
 makes midnight moonless though the moon had risen at eleven ; in the 
 ' Portent ' (a tale which appeared in one of the early numbers of the Corn- 
 hill) a star is made toshine midway between the horns of the crescent 
 moon ! But, perhaps, all the slips of the sort ever made are outvied by one 
 in the opening line of Chapter XII. Book IV. of Our Mutual Friend. 
 Tennyson is singularly accurate in all astronomical details. In Maud 
 Bueh details are somewhat freely introduced ; but so correctly that Mr. 
 Hind himself could take no exception to any of the astronomical stat»- 
 Dientfi. 
 
^ A NEW STAB ATLAS. 
 
 So much for the motions of the stars nn any given nightj 
 But there is also an apparent motion of the star-sphere from 
 day to day. I have mentioned that the star-sphere turns once 
 completely round on its axis in the course of rather less than 
 twenty-four hours. Thus in twenty-four hours it has gone 
 rather more than once round. Hence, if we look at the heavens 
 vight after night at the same time, we notice precisely the game 
 kind of change as when we look at the heavens hour after hour 
 on the same night. Suppose that we look at the stars at 
 ten o'clock on any night and note their position, and that again 
 we note the position of the stars at eleven o'clock on the same 
 night ; then, if afterwards we examine the stars night after 
 night at ten o'clock, we shall find that at the end of about 
 fifteen days they have at this hour the same position that they 
 had on the first night at eleven o'clock — that is, they have ad^ 
 vanced by one hour's motion. In a month or thereabouts; 
 they will be found to have advanced by two hours' motion. 
 In a year they advance by twenty-four hours' motion,- that is, 
 by one complete rotation, so that they have resumed their 
 original positions. In fact, in the course of a year the star- 
 sphere turns round once oflener than there are days in the year.* 
 
 If the learner, recalling the nature of the rotation to which 
 the star-sphere is subject, remembers also that (roughly) the 
 star-sphere turns round once in a day, he will know what 
 changes to expect as any night progresses, and if he further 
 remembers that (roughly) the star-sphere makes one extra 
 turn in the year, he will know what changes to expect as the 
 year progresses. 
 
 Now, to aid the student in learning the names and features 
 
 * The amount by which the stars have advanced each night on the 
 position they held at the same hoxir on the preceding night is by no 
 means so small as is, perhaps, commonly imagined. This is easily 
 tested. Let there be an npright of any sort a few yards to the north of 
 the observer's station, and let him notice the exact hour when a star 
 (at a fair height above the horizon) appears from behind the edge of 
 this upright. At this hour on the next night he will find that, as seen 
 from the same station, the star is about two moon's breadths past the 
 upright's edge. The observer should look through a fixed tube placed in 
 the same position on each night. 
 
HOW TO LKAEN THE STARS. ; 
 
 of tlie star-groups, maps may be devised on one of two plaus. 
 Either we may have maps showing the aspect of the heaveiia 
 at different hours and at different seasons; or, we may have 
 maps constructed with sole reference to the star-sphere itself. 
 Maps of the former kind form perhaps the simplest possible 
 introduction to a knowledge of the heavens. If they ars 
 properly constructed, the learner can at once turn to the map 
 Tepresenting the heavens at any hour and season of any year 
 (such maps serve for all years), and then he can at liis leisure 
 compare the stars he sees with those pictured in the map. In 
 my work, entitled Half-Hovrs with the Stars, the maps not 
 .only serve these purposes, tut they show at once towards 
 what point of the horizon and at what height each star is 
 situated. Maps of the second class are, however, absolutely 
 necessary to supplement the information given by the others. 
 AIL considerations are sacrificed to simplicity in the construe- 
 tion of maps of the former kind ; no meridians or parallels can 
 be shown ; none but the brighter stars can appear; only those 
 parts of the star-sphere can be included which actually rise 
 above the horizon ; and a variety of details, which even the 
 beginner soon begins to require,* must necessarily be omitted. 
 Maps of the latter kind form an atlas of the stellar globe, and 
 can be made to include any details which may be desired. 
 
 The present work is an atlas of this sort. It pictures in 
 twelve maps the stellar sphere which surrounds our earth ; 
 and it is as suitable for use in one country as in others — at our 
 
 * It must not be supposed, however, that such maps are useful only 
 lor beginners. It is most convenient, even for the advanced student of 
 astronomy, to have a book from which he can at once determine what 
 stars are above the horizon, and in what positions, at any hour of any 
 night. I believe, also, that such a work as my Constellation- Seasons 
 (now out of print), in which the equator, ecliptic, colures, &c., were 
 depicted, is calculated to serve very useful purposes. If the lithographs' 
 of those charts had been better drawn than they actually were (owing 
 to the difficulties met with in transfer work), I should not have suffered 
 the work to be out of print, especially as the sale of the first and only 
 edition was very encouraging. If I should at any time republish the 
 work, I should redraw the maps for photolithographic reproduction. 
 
8 A XSW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 antipodes as here in England, in the Western as in the Bastem 
 Hemisphere. 
 
 But a globe may be pictured in maps in many different 
 ways ; some useful for one purpose, some for others. It is 
 necessary to describe the plan on which the present atlas has 
 been formed, before considering its use in helping the student 
 of the heavens. 
 
 Any flat pictures of portions of a globe must necessarily be 
 somewhat distorted. The larger the portion, the greater will be 
 the distortion. Yet we must not divide the celestial globe into 
 too many parts to form a celestial atlas ; because if we do, the 
 student will be puzzled to know how these parts fit in, so to 
 speak, to form the globe. There is a similar objection to the 
 irregular division of the celestial globe. Some regular plan of 
 dividing the globe into a moderate number of portions must be 
 employed. 
 
 Only two such plans (out of five which are possible) need 
 be here considered. According to one, the globe is divided 
 into six equal portions ; according to the other, into twelve. 
 
 The first is easily understood. Imagine a case shaped like 
 a die or cube — that is, with six square sides — the sides being 
 made of some elastic material ; and conceive that by blowing 
 air into this case the six elastic sides are made to bulge out in 
 such sort that the case becomes globe-shaped. Then the six 
 sides, which had been square and flat, are changed into curved 
 surfaces, all four-pointed and all alike in shape and size. If 
 we suppose the star-sphere divided into six such portions, and 
 an atlas constructed to show these portions in six separate 
 maps, such an atlas would correspond to the first plan. 
 
 The fault of this mode of dividing the star-sphere is that 
 the six parts are too large to be well shown on a flat surface. 
 The distortioh, especially for parts near the corners of the six 
 portions, must be considerable. The plan has been employed 
 in Mr. Keith Johnstone's atlas, and in the atlas published by 
 the Society for Diffusing Useful Knowledge ; but the distortion 
 is so great in these atlases that a small space on the star- 
 sphere occupies an area more than five times greater if it falls 
 near an angle of the map than if it CJls near the centre. The 
 
irOW TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 Fig. 1. 
 
 shape of a star-group is also so modified as to render the recog- 
 nition of the group very difficult. For example, the stars 
 within a small square space, siyh as a a, fig. 1, 
 are thrown into a space of the shape and size 
 of A c, if they chance to fall near the angles 
 of a map.* 
 
 The other plan (employed in the present atlas) 
 is also readily described. Suppose a piece of card to be cut int6 
 the form represented in fig. 2, and half through along the dotted 
 lines. Then, if the five pentagons round abode be bent up till 
 / coincides with f, h witli h', and so on, and the like with the 
 
 Fig. 2. 
 
 pentagons round q r s t u, and if these sets of six pentagons be 
 bent up (from the line fp) till g coincides with g and g', h with 
 h and h', and so on, a closed fignre will be formed. It is re- 
 presented in two positions in figs. 3 and 4, the dotted lines 
 being supposed to be seen through the figure. Now, imagine the 
 
 • The shape of the distorted figure will only be as A c when the 
 square space has a certain position with respect to the corner. In other 
 cases A a may be thrown into a diamond-shaped figure as large as a c ; 
 or into intermediate shapes, — always as large, however, as A c. This 
 variety causes the effects of the distortion to be yet more perplex! ng . 
 than they would otherwise be. 
 
to :■ ^ ^^^^ STAR ATLAS.. 
 
 twelve faces of this figure to be made of some elastic materia), 
 and that as in the former case air is blown in until the fie:ure 
 becomes globe-shaped. Then the twelve faces, which had been 
 five-cornered and flat, are changed into curved surfaces, all five- 
 pointed and all alike in shape and size. In the present atlaa 
 the star-sphere is supposed to be divided into twelve such por- 
 tions, one of which is represented in each of the,twelve maps 
 following the two index-maps. The fiye^angles of these five 
 
 cornered spaces are shown by the five m.arks A on the circular 
 
 i 
 
 liprder of each map, but each map includes more than the five- 
 pointed space — in fact each map includes the space within a 
 circle carried (on the sphere) round the five-pointed space 
 
 Fig. 3. Fig. 4. 
 
 proper to the map. Thns there results a symmetrical ovei- 
 lapping of the maps, each map overlapping and being over- 
 lapped by five other maps. But for this many star-groups 
 would be inconveniently broken up (as in other star-atlases) 
 where the map-edges fell ; as it is, groups that would be thus 
 broken are shown in two maps. 
 
 This mode of dividing the star-sphere having been adopted, 
 the next point to be considered was the choice of a mode 
 of presenting the several divisions. I need not enter here 
 into a consideration of the various methods available for 
 mapping any given portion of the heavens.* It will be suffi- 
 
 * They are described, and their principal properties compared, in my 
 Handbook of the Stars. The properties of the gnomonic projection aE 
 
BOW TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 II 
 
 Fig. 5. 
 
 cient to note that the plan employed in the present work 
 reduces the distortion to its least possible amount. If the 
 same method of mfipping were employed as in the two celestial 
 atlases above referred to, the present plan for dividing the 
 sphere would still reduce the distortion so greatly that a sphere 
 as k a (fig. 1) would he expanded (near the angles of a map) 
 only to the size and shape a b.* instead of a c. But the 
 method of mapping actually employed so reduces 
 the distortion that a. space as a a, fig. 5, is ex- 
 panded (near the border of a map) only to the 
 size and shape a a' — a distprtion which is not only 
 the least possible in maps including so large a 
 portion of the heavens, but is scarcely discern- 
 ible save by practiced eyes.f 
 
 applied to the mode of dividing the sphere employed in this atlas, are 
 discussed in the letter-press introduction to my Gtiomnnic Star-Atlas. 
 
 * In my Gnomonio Atlas this method of Qonstruction is actually em- 
 ployed, and the twelve maps are included in two sheets by the method of 
 arrangement indicated iu i\fi 6. It will be noticed that all the maps 
 
 Fio. 6. 
 
 have straight edges (this being a peculiarity which results from the law 
 of projection). The comparison of fig. 6 with the two index-plates 
 in the present work, will ser\-e to illustrate the arrangement of the 
 twelve portions into which the star-sphere is divided. 
 
 + The following facts serve to illustrate the advantages possessed by 
 the present atlas in these respects over the atlases referred to in the 
 
12 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 But it still remains to decide how the twelve divisions of the 
 fltar-sphere shall be portioned out. It is easily seen, however, 
 that since every five-pointed face has a face directly opposite 
 to it (see fig. 4), two such opposite feces should be assigned to 
 -the northern and southern polar regions, the poles of the star- 
 sphere being placed at the centres of these two maps. The 
 remaining ten maps, five northern and five southern, interlap, 
 as shown in fig. 4, their ten common, angles lying alternately 
 north and south, of a medial circle between the two poles (the 
 celestial equator as it is called), represented in fig. 4 by the 
 regular ten-sided figure a b c d e f * 
 
 text. A small area whose surface would be represented by 14 if it fell 
 at the centre of one of the S. D. TJ. K. maps, is so distorted if it fall near 
 the angles as to have an area of 72, an increase of 58 ; such an area in 
 the present atlas is increased only from 14 to 15 when it falls near the 
 edge of the map, an increase of only I, that is one fifty-eighth part of 
 that in the S.D. U. K. maps. Again, owing to distortion, each map of 
 the S. D. U. K. series covers a surface almost exactly twice as great as 
 that of the corresponding part of the sphere. The maps of the present 
 series cover severally a surface exceeding only by about one twenty- 
 ^ghth part the actual surface tjf the corresponding portions of the sphere. 
 * There still remains some choice as to the adjustment of northern 
 and southern polar maps, and with them the remaining ten maps, 
 but practically the choice rests between two positions. There is 
 a certain circle through the poles called the equatorial colure (see the 
 inde:?-plates), from one half of which all measurements around the 
 celestial equator are taken, as from a starting-place. It is necessary 
 for purposes of symmetry that this half of the equinoctial colure 
 should either pass through an angle of the north polar map, or through 
 the middle of a side. According to the present arrangement it passes 
 through the middle of a side ; the only reason why this plan was pre- 
 ferred being that the boundaries of the maps came thus to be better 
 situated witti respect to the most important star-groups. It happens 
 very fortunately that by the present arrangement all the most impor- 
 tant star-groups are preserved unbroken, in some map or other of the 
 series. (The seven chief stars of the Greater Bear are separated in 
 Maps 6 and 8, but are seen together in Map 1.) I received letters from 
 Sir John Herschel and Professor Do Morgan on this subject. The 
 latter, referring to my Gnomonic Atlas, pointed out the advisability of 
 tryiog to save Orion from being divided. It will be noticed that Orion 
 is thus saved in the present series by means of the overlaps. Sir 
 
sow TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 n 
 
 Thus there are two polar maps, and tpn equatorial maps, 
 five of which are northern and five southern. It is obviously 
 convenient to call the north polar map No. 1 ; to take the ten 
 equatorial maps in order round the equator, beginning with 
 that northern map which is divided through the centre by the 
 equinoctical colure, and taking the rest alternately north and 
 south ; and thus, lastly, there remains the south polar map, 
 which is therefore No. 12. 
 
 This arrangement is further illustrated by the two index- 
 maps, each of which contains six complete circular maps and 
 parts of other five. The first index -map shows the whole of 
 the northern half of the star-sphere, as well as a zone belonging 
 to the southern half; the second index-map shows the whole 
 of the southern half and a zone belonging to the northern half. 
 It will be understood that although the double circles (which 
 in reality represent the circular ' frames ' of the twelve larger 
 maps) are not equal in size on the planisphere, tliis arises only 
 from the inevitable distortion where so large a portion of the 
 sphere is shown.* 
 
 A careful comparison of the portions numbered from 1 to 12 
 in the index-platea with the corresponding maps in the atlaa 
 
 John Herschel went <yei the maps seriatim, coming to the conclusion 
 that the boundary lines could not have fallen more happily. 
 
 * In reality, even those five wide double arcs which form a large 
 curved pentagon within the boundary of each index-map, belong on the 
 sphere to circles no larger than those enclosing the small central circu- 
 lar maps 1 and 12 of the indez-plates. I may notice in passing the 
 evidence afforded by the index-map of the mistake which has been 
 made by those who have asserted that in the stereographic projection 
 gimilar portions of the sphere are similarly figured. Thus, the space 
 enclosed between cir"les 1 and 2 in the first index-plate is obviously very 
 different in shape from the space enclosed between the circles 2 and 3, 
 yet on the sphere these spaces are identical in size and shape. Again, 
 the space between circles 3 and 11, and a declination-parallel just 
 touching these circles (I refer to the infner circle of the map-frames), is 
 very different in shape from the space between the circles 2 and 4, 
 and the circle enclosing the whole series of maps in the index-plate. 
 Yet on the sphere these utterly dissimilar sections are identical in all 
 respects 
 
'4 
 
 A NMW ST Alt ATLAS. 
 
 series, will serve to explain the construction of the atlas Vietter 
 than any verbal account. The student should, in a special 
 manner, note the overlapping spaces in the index-plates and 
 compare thenl with the corresponding spaces in the atlas maps. 
 He will thus learn to recognise the value of those overlaps, and 
 the means they supply for passing readily from one map to 
 another. He will iiotice, further, that the numbers round the 
 atlas maps (close by the circular frame) show what map to 
 turn to,' wh^ri the student wishes to pass, in any direction, 
 beyond the limits of the map he is engaged with. 
 
 ' In comparing the heavens with the maps of this atlas, it is 
 to be noticed that the whole of the space included in Map 1 
 is at all times visible. This is tHe polar map ; and if on a 
 clear night the student turn towards the north and raise his 
 eyes to a point somewhat more than halfway from the horizon 
 towards the point overhead, he will recognise, in the stars there 
 seen, the group which lies at the centre of Map 1. 
 
 ' It is customary to find the pole-star (marked Polaris) by 
 means of the seven stars of the Great Bear (Ursa), shown at 
 tKe top of Map 1. These stars cannot be mistaken, and the 
 two marked a and /3 serve as pointers to the pole, lying as they 
 do very nearly on a line with Polaris. Fig. 7 shows where 
 the seven stars are to be looked for at four seasons of the year, 
 a,t the hours named beside the figure. It will be understood 
 that fig. 6 presents oiie half of the celestial vault — the northern 
 half. On examining diiferent parts of the figure, the part 
 marked ' overhead ' is always to be regarded as the top, the 
 semicircular boundary (corresponding to the horizon) being 
 the bottom. For instance, in seeking to determine where the 
 seven stars are at midnight on December 21 (or at ten on 
 Ja;nuary 21), turn round fig. 7 until the group of seven stars, 
 marked II., is under the point marked ' overhead ' (so that the 
 word north-east is horizontal). Then the seven stars are seen, 
 the three forming the Bear's tail (or the horses of the Waggon, ' 
 or the handle of the Plough), being lowermost. From the 
 position of the seven stars the student learns that if he looks 
 due north-east, and towards a point exactly halfway between 
 
l6 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 the horizon and the point overhead, his view will be directed 
 towards the middle of the group of four stars forming the 
 Waggon or the body of the Plough. He can therefore readily 
 find the seven bright stars, and the two which lie uppermost 
 (almost on a horizontal line) are the Pointers. They show 
 him the pole-star on their left, — and at the moment nearly on 
 the same level, at the place marked 2,— the three bright stars 
 of the Little Bear lying in the position marked ii. And so 
 with the cases corresponding to other seasons. Also it is very 
 easy for him to see where the seven stars will be at inter- 
 mediate hours or seasons. The large arrows indicate the 
 direction in which the seven stars are carried by the daily 
 rotation of the star-sphere. The course of the pair of stars 
 (called ' the Guardians of the Pole ') belonging to the Little 
 Bear is also shown by arrows ; and arrows are placed on the 
 Pointers in the four several positions indicated in the figure. 
 
 Now the learner, being able at all seasons of the year to 
 find these leading stars of Map 1, can not only always study any 
 of the constellations belonging to that map, but can at any 
 time pass from that map to any of the other maps (2, 3, 4 — to 
 11) the stars belonging to which are at that time suitably 
 placed ^or observation. He can at once see from Map 1 itself 
 which of the other maps can be most conveniently used. For 
 mstance, supposing the date to be March 25, and the hour 
 midnight, he will find that the Great Bear is as at HL, fig. 7, 
 nearly overhead ; and to compare Map 1 with the heavens, he 
 holds it with Ursa uppermost, and finds Cassiopeia low down 
 towards the north, the stars of Draco towards the north-east 
 high up, and so forth. Now if he wishes to examine the stars 
 lying beyond the Great Bear, or on the southern side of the 
 point overhead. Map 1 at once tells him which maps to employ. 
 For he finds on the edge, close by the 's even stars ' of Ursa, the 
 words Map 8 on one side and Map 6 on the other ; so that 
 either of these maps will serve his purpose. He turns to 
 Map 8 and finds in it, near the top (where the words Map 1 
 are written), the three tail-stars, and can so proceed to find 
 the stars of Bootes, Serpens, and so on. Or be turns to Map 6, 
 
now TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 17 
 
 and finds again at the top the Pointers and another of the four 
 body stars, and can thence proceed to find the stars of Leo, 
 Gemini, and so forth. 
 
 But it is convenient for him to know, in an independent 
 manner, what maps of the series 2, 3, 4 — 11, can be most 
 usefully studied at any season of the year. It is also well 
 for him to know in what position he may expect to find the 
 spaces corresponding to the diifnrent maps. 
 
 For this purpose figs. 8 and 9 have been provided. They 
 represent severally the whole celestial vault,* the centre of 
 each being the point overhead, and the circumference being 
 the horizon ; and they show how the spaces corresponding to 
 the several maps of the series are arranged when eith,er 2, i, 
 6, 8, or 10 has its centre due south, or else 3, 5, 7, 9, or 11. 
 In fig. 8 Map 2 is shown with its centre due south, in fig. 9 
 Map 3; and it will be observed that the rotation of the 
 heavens carries the space corresponding to Map 2, from the 
 position shown in fig. 8 to the position shown in fig. 9, in the 
 tenth part of a day, or in 2 h. 24 m. 
 
 The following tables serve to show at what hours and 
 seasons the centres of the several maps occupy such positions 
 as are indicated in figs. 8 and 9. 
 
 The interpretation of these tables is exceedingly simple, as 
 is also the method of employing them. Thus the first table 
 
 * These figures have both been carefully drawn, so that the actual 
 position of each map, not only with respect to the compass points, but 
 also as regards elevation above the horizon, is exactly indicated. For 
 example, in fig. 8, the common intersection of Maps 2, 3, and 4 is seen 
 to lie almost exactly towards the south point, marked S.E., and almost 
 exactly four-ninths of the way from that point towards the centre of 
 the map. The corresponding point on the heavens (close by | Arietis) 
 lies as nearly due S.E., and as nearly 36° above the horizon at mid- 
 night on Sept. 21. And so of all other points of intersection as well 
 as of all points round the circumference of the different maps. The 
 construction of both the figures involved some interesting — but not 
 altogether simple — geometrical problems. It may be added that the 
 equations to the curves formed in the projection by the really circular 
 boundaries of the maps are rather singiJar in form. 
 
 C 
 
,8 * A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 shows us that at 10 p.m , on March 16, the celestial space cor- 
 responding to Map 8 lies towards the east (in the position 
 occupied by Map 4 in iig. 8) ; the space cnn-esponding to 
 
 Fig. 8. 
 
 Showing the arrangement of the spaces included in the maps of this 
 atlas, when the centre of one of the Maps 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 is due 
 
 south. 
 
 The actual arrangement is such that Fig. 8 corresponds 
 
 to the aspect of the heavens at midnight 
 
 {The student should make five tracings of each map, num- 
 
 Map 6 is due south (in the position occupied by Map 2 in 
 fig. 8) ; and so on. Again, suppose we require to know when, 
 the space corresponding to Map 7 will be well placed for ob- 
 
HOW TO LEARN TRE STARS, iq 
 
 Bcrvation. On comparing figs. 8 and 9, we find that the space 
 corresponding to Map 7 must always be low down, but will 
 be best placed for observation when due south, as Map 3 in 
 
 Fig. 9. 
 Showing the arrangement of the spaces included in the maps of this 
 atlas, when the centre of one of the Maps 3, 5, 7, 9 or 11 is due 
 
 EODth. 
 
 Sept. 21 ; Fig. 9 to thsir aspect either 2h. 24m. later (on 
 
 the same night), or at midnight Oct. 27. 
 
 bering the several spaces in each from Tables 1. and II.) 
 
 fig. 9. Turning to Table II., we find that the space 7 is due 
 south at midnight on March 22, or at 11 on April 7, or on 
 the dates named in the third date-cohimn at the corresponding 
 
2C 
 
 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 Table I. 
 
 6 P.M. 
 
 Dec. 21 
 
 March 5 
 
 May 17 
 
 July 28 
 
 Oct. 10 , 
 
 7 P.M. 
 
 Dec. 5 
 
 Feb. 17 
 
 May 1 
 
 July 12 
 
 Sept. 24 
 
 8 P.M. 
 
 Not. 22 
 
 Eeb. 2 
 
 April 16 
 
 June 27 
 
 Sept. 9 
 
 9 P.M. 
 
 Not. 6 
 
 Jan. 17 
 
 April 1 
 
 June 12 
 
 Aug. 24 
 
 10 P.M. 
 
 Oct. 22 
 
 Jan. 2 
 
 March 16 
 
 May 28 
 
 Aug. 9 
 
 11 P.M. 
 
 Oct. 6 
 
 Dec. 17 
 
 March 1 
 
 May 13 
 
 July 24 
 
 Midnight 
 
 Sept. 21 
 
 Dec. 2 
 
 Feb. 14 
 
 April 28 
 
 July 
 
 North (high) 
 
 Map 1 
 
 Mapl 
 
 Map 1 
 
 Map 1 
 
 Map 1 
 
 East 
 
 » 4 
 
 „ 6 
 
 ., 8 
 
 „ 10 
 
 » 2 
 
 South (high) 
 
 » „ 2 
 
 ,. 4 
 
 „ 6 
 
 
 , 8 
 
 „ 10 
 
 West 
 
 .» ., 10 
 
 „ 2 
 
 ., 4 
 
 
 , 6 
 
 „ 8 
 
 g /N.-East \ 
 1 S.-East 
 
 '2 " 6 
 
 „ 8 
 
 „ 10 
 
 
 , 2 
 
 ,. 4 
 
 i „ 3 
 
 >. 5 
 
 „ 7 
 
 
 , 9 
 
 „ 11 
 
 i, S.-West 
 
 3 iN.-West J 
 
 ^ „ 11 
 
 „ 3 
 
 ., 5 
 
 
 , 7 
 
 „ 
 
 „ 8 
 
 „ 10 
 
 ,. 2 
 
 
 , 4 
 
 ., 6 
 
 1 i.M. 
 
 Sept. 6 
 
 Not. 18 
 
 Jan. 30 
 
 April 13 
 
 June 24 
 
 2 a.m. 
 
 Aug. 21 
 
 Not. a 
 
 Jan. U 
 
 March 29 
 
 June 9 
 
 3 A.M. 
 
 Aug. 6 
 
 Oct. 19 
 
 Dec. 30 
 
 March 13 
 
 May 25 
 
 4 A.M. 
 
 July 21 
 
 Oct. 3 
 
 Deo. 14 
 
 Feb. 26 
 
 May 10 
 
 5 A.M. 
 
 Julys 
 
 Sept. 18 
 
 Not. 29 
 
 Feb. 11 
 
 April 25 
 
 6 a.m. 
 
 June 22 
 
 Sept. 3 
 
 Not. 13 
 
 Jan. 24 
 
 April 10 
 
 Table II. 
 
 6 pm. 
 
 Jan. 25 
 
 April 11 
 
 June 22 
 
 Sept. 3 
 
 Not.. 14 
 
 7 P.M. 
 
 Jan. 10 
 
 March 27 
 
 June 7 
 
 Aug. 18 
 
 Oct. 30 
 
 8 P.M. 
 
 Dec. 26 
 
 March 1 1 
 
 May 23 
 
 Aug. 3 
 
 Oct. 15 
 
 9 p.m. 
 
 Dec. 10 
 
 Feb. 23 
 
 May 7 
 
 July 18 
 
 Sept. 30 
 
 10 P.M. 
 
 Not. 27 
 
 Feb. 8 
 
 April 22 
 
 July 3 
 
 Sept. 15 
 
 11 P.M. 
 
 Not. 11 
 
 Jan. 23 
 
 April 7 
 
 June 18 
 
 Aug. 30 
 
 Miduight 
 
 Oct. 27 
 
 Jan. 8 
 
 March 22 
 
 June 3 
 
 Aug. 15 
 
 .fl 
 
 North 
 
 Map 1 
 
 Map 1 
 
 Mapl 
 
 Mapl 
 
 Mapl 
 
 
 S.-East 
 
 » 4 
 
 „ 6 
 
 ., 8 
 
 „10 
 
 ., 2 
 
 
 S.-West 
 
 „ 2 
 
 >, 4 
 
 ,. 6 
 
 „ 8 
 
 „10 
 
 
 '■North -1 
 
 I •' 8 
 
 „ 10 
 
 ,. 2 
 
 „ 4 
 
 ., 6 
 
 c 
 
 N.-E. 1 East- 
 S,-E. f erly 
 
 5 „ 6 
 
 „ 8 
 
 ,.10 
 
 ., 2 
 
 ,. 4 
 
 1 c 
 -a 
 
 .9 „ 5 
 
 >, 7 
 
 .. 9 
 
 „11 
 
 .. 3 
 
 ^ 
 
 South ' 
 
 ;3 „ 3 
 
 ., 5 
 
 ■■ 7 
 
 „ 9 
 
 „I1 
 
 1-1 
 
 S.-W. )Wtst- 
 _N.-'W. ) «iy _ 
 
 ,. 11 
 
 >, 3 
 
 >, 5 
 
 ., 7 
 
 .. 9 
 
 
 „ 10 
 
 ,. 2 
 
 >, 4 
 
 „ 6 
 
 „ 8 
 
 1 A.M. 
 
 Oct. 11 
 
 Dec. 23 
 
 March 7 
 
 Jlay 19 
 
 July 30 
 
 2 A.M. 
 
 Sept. 26 
 
 Dec. 8 
 
 Feb. 20 
 
 May 4 
 
 July 15 
 
 3 A.M. 
 
 Sept. 11 
 
 Not. 24 
 
 Feb. 5 
 
 April 19 
 
 June 30 
 
 4 A.M. 
 
 Aug. 26 
 
 Not. 9 
 
 Jan. 20 
 
 April 4 
 
 June 15 
 
 6 A.M. 
 
 Aug. 11 
 
 Oct. 25 1 Jan. 5 
 
 March 19 
 
 May 31 
 
 6 A.M. 
 
 I 
 
 July 26 
 
 Oct. 9 1 Dec. 20 
 
 1 
 
 March 4 
 
 May 16 
 
sow TO LEARN THE STARS. 21 
 
 hours shown in the hour-column. Part of the celestial space 
 shown in Map 3 never rises in our latitudes. 
 
 The student will notice that the part corresponding to the 
 top of the Maps 2, 3 — 11, lies towards the pole, and that 
 the celestial space corresponding to a map is only placed 
 vertically, so to speak, when due south or due north. But 
 there is nothing in this that need inconvenience him, if he 
 will notice only that the several maps can always be turned 
 round so as to agree with the actual position of the included 
 star-groups. For instance, supposing the observer is ex- 
 amining the part of the heavens shown in Map 4 at midnight 
 on September 21, when this region is situated as shown in 
 fig. 8 ; then, if he holds the map as printed, he will not find 
 the star-groups on the heavens in the same position as in the 
 map. But fig. 8 shows him that the angle where Map 4 
 overlaps Maps 1 and 2 is uppermost at the moment ; and he 
 has but to hold the map so that this angle (in the upper right- 
 hand corner) is highest, to have the constellations of this map 
 in their proper position. He then has Orion leaning back- 
 wards, as in the heavens at the time, Taurus, over Orion's 
 head, Perseus over Taiirus, the Twins almost horizontal on 
 Orion's left; and so on. But if the hour is midnight on 
 January 8, he finds from Table II. that the space corresponding 
 to Map 4 is in the south-west, high up ; and turning to fig. 9, 
 he finds that this space has the position marked as Map 2. The 
 angle where Map 4 overlaps Map 1 and Map 6 (now placed as 
 Map 4 in fig. 9) is almost exactly overhead. Holding the 
 map with this angle (in the upper left-hand corner) highest, 
 he has the constellation.s in their proper relative positions- 
 Orion leaning forwards, and the Twins over Orion's head, and 
 Taurus facing Orion on his right. 
 
 And with equal simplicity the suitable position for any 
 map at any hour may be ascertained. 
 
 The following table will be found convenient also for some 
 purposes. It has been formed from my ' Constellation Seasons ' * 
 
 * The dates are, however, altered. In preparing the Constellation 
 Seasons I paid careful attention to the sun's varying motion in longitude. 
 03 
 
22 ^ J^'^W STAR ATLAS. 
 
 iM^ail^' m^ojIZh' cQ^aiizi cQ^t/jfc aj^cc!^ aj^ai^ 
 
 :« O a § eg ^ '^ fcD-S S £,-9 J " ?P tT - n- S" - ^ tT 
 , 1^ -2 " H 3 -s 2 I O „- ;5 g ^ fH > -5= § -5= O! § !> ■- 
 
 iji iHOdri<iJ3t,rfq3>-,cSriof>^ajaotH^t<oceo^H 
 
 2 I «-EStinv -xn^i -mhifi vofejij: -((i) iotem -sainoiaH 
 
 ■^ g USJJ^ «SJ0 BSJJ^ 
 
 ^ o 
 
 s 
 
 
 *e <a tH 
 
 -^-» 
 
 
 
 a J -^ 
 60 a, '5 
 
 a i tS J t. « « d ,- » ^ s |.a » iS 2| g- 
 
 "S- „-iJorj-2-<«trac-S"e<os"p.-2u2s s 
 
 ^ o*-HSpaoHfta^i-a^''osa"o^afla^ s 
 
 I I §lt l^'sl^e-i Istaj 1^ &| II -I 
 
 I I . . ^ W . 1^ H . ^ M 63 [4 H pq p4 gq 
 
 d tl ' ^ ^ .'^ "'" 53,^53 5_«^_M i^ H !?; cci !s H f5 ai g; H Jg aj 
 
 '•*■■ • j^* -a ^ 
 
 •JjS ■ti Sh'ij -a ■" 
 
 ^ j|2 ||^ |.J 1^^ ||! I|»: 
 
 ^ ,^ CO S -< CO ^ CO . CO _ °0 . S CO g - 00 
 
 SSS S5^ 5^;:^ ^ '^ S; ^ ?S S3 S^S 
 
 li-s g-s'l -sJU |t|- til fe'it 
 
sow TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 23 
 
 I ^■^^- t,;^"^ ^•^"^' ^^'^- ^^^- t.-^'^ 
 
 Koal^ai^ aj^cdi^i (/iPo3!2i cd^cdS aj^oilzi co^cdlz; 
 
 
 i I ill lii I nasi . ^ 
 
 "^ ,^ . .2. -< . J3 J ■< kJ <! o -o <i <1 "^ s" P -n 3 rS -^ S .« 
 ° - «; a "T iJ O '^ 2 » » " »- 2 3 g„ cf S P. »- a O ft 
 
 cSoiiJ? >.t2!^^ oS^S;=^ q^varSjnojqssgt-s 
 
 .BFqWt3 otq^fi PMoop <:ophC) hp-jjo h<!<io 
 I 
 
 ■£ •OOBJQ -snuS.Cg •TJ4jaaK'j •'BiadoissEg -snasiej; •snasjaj 
 
 
 
 J 
 
 ~< ^ ^ 
 
 fi 
 
 
 cS "J il ^ 4 s -M " ^ -III -4 -i^i § s »- 1 -li^ 
 
 .^(S<!0 k?fl(5<! tiB<10 DOi^O pOi-^Hl Wt^PO 
 
 g f4 H H f4 H a . . H w" . . ^ H . . f^ H 
 
 i Iz; f4 :?' M iz; W :«5 aj ^ W Z -Ji ^_«Zco ^ H ^z; m ! g M Izi eg 
 
 n 
 
 S. -s 3 5 -s -5 ^ 
 
 B2» |2« §2- a__2« S2 5_ g_2 4 S 
 
 13 ?[ S" S S S S S5 15 S gf « g « d" " S S g 
 
 S-.^^ >i<S 4^8 mofe oizifi ;z;ftt^ 
 
24 
 
 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 (published in 1866) ; but for the idea of this particular appli- 
 cation of that work I am indebted to Mr. Lockyer's ' Ele- 
 mentary Lessons in Astronomy.' 
 
 The following list of constellation-names* in Latin and 
 English, wUl be found useful. Only those constellations are 
 admitted into the list which are recognised in the catalogue 
 of the British Association : — 
 
 Table IV. 
 
 Andromeda, The Chained Lady 
 
 (Map 2). 
 Antlia, The Air-Pump (Map 7). 
 Apus, The Bird of Paradise 
 
 ^(Map 12). 
 Aquarius, The Water -Bearer 
 
 (Map 11). 
 Aquila, The Eagle (Map 10). 
 Ara, The Altar (Map 9). 
 Argo, 77<e Ship Argo (Map 5) : 
 subdivided into — 
 
 (i) Carina, The Keel. 
 (ii) Malus, J'Ae Mast. 
 (iii) Puppis, The Poop. 
 (iv) Vela, The SaUs. 
 Aries, The Bam (Map 4). 
 Auriga, The Waggoner (Map 4). 
 Bootes, The Herdsman (Map 8). 
 Cielum, The Sculptor's Tools 
 (Map 3). 
 
 Camelus, TTie Camel (for Came- 
 
 leopardalis) (Map 1). 
 Cancer, The Crab (Map 6). 
 Canes Venatici, The Hunting 
 
 Bogs (Map 8). 
 Canis, The Dog (for Canis Major) 
 
 (Map S). 
 Canis Minor, The Lesser Dog 
 
 (Map 5). 
 Capricornus, The Sea- Goat (Map 
 
 11). 
 Cassiopeia, The Lady in the 
 
 Chair (Map 1). 
 Centaurus, The Centaur (Map 7). 
 Cepheus, The Monarch (Map 1). 
 Cetus, The Sea-Monster (Map 3). 
 Chamaeleon, The Chameleon 
 
 (Map 12). 
 Circinus, The Compass (Map 
 
 12). 
 
 <fee., forgetting, in my anxiety to secure accuracy, tnat, as a matter of 
 fact, the year must simply be portioned out into intervals as nearly 
 equal as possible. Those who possess my Constellation Seasons would 
 do well to pencil the above dates in place of those mentioned at the foot 
 of the several plates. Lockyer's ' Lessons ' should be similarly corrected. 
 * In the present atlas I have not thought it advisable to introduce 
 ill the new names which I have used in my large atlas ; but some of the 
 changes I retain, because they cannot in any way perplex the learner, 
 and are much more convenient than those in use. Thus the constella- 
 tion Vulpeeula et Anser is here called Vulpes, Corona Borealis is called 
 Corona, Cameleopardalis is called Camelus ; and so on. 
 
HOW TO LEARN THE STARS. 
 
 25 
 
 Oolumba, Noah's Dove (Map 5). 
 Coma Berenices, Berenices Hair 
 
 (Map 8). 
 Corolla, The Wreath (for Corona 
 
 Australia) (Map 9). 
 Corona, The Northern Crown 
 
 (for Corona Borealis) (Map 8). 
 Corvns, The Crow (Map 7). 
 Crater, The Cup (Map 7). 
 Crux, The Cross (Map 12). 
 Cygnus, The Swan (Map 10). 
 Delphinus, The Dolphin (Map 
 
 10). 
 Dorado, The Sword-Fish (Map 
 
 12). 
 Draco, The Dragon (Map 1). 
 Equuleus, The Little Morse 
 
 (Map 11). 
 Eridanus, The River Eridanua 
 
 (Map 3). 
 Fornax, The Furnace (Map 3). 
 Gemini, The Twins (Map 6). 
 Grus, The Crane (Map 11). 
 Hercules, Hercules (Map 10). 
 Horologium, The Clock (Map 3). 
 Hydra, The Sea-Serpent (Map 
 
 7). 
 Hvdrus, The Water-Snake (Map 
 
 "l2). 
 Indus, The Indian (Map 11). 
 Lacerta, TJie Lizard (Map 2). 
 Leo, The Lwm (Map 6). 
 Leo Minor, 2Ae Lesser Lion 
 
 (Map 6). 
 Lepus, The Hare (Map 5). 
 Libra, The Balance (Map 9). 
 Lupus, The Wolf (Map 9). 
 Lynx, The Lynx (Map 6). 
 Lyra, The Lyre (Map 10). 
 Mensa, The Table Mountain 
 
 (Map 12). 
 Microscopium, The Microscope 
 
 (Map 11). 
 
 Monoccros, The Unicom (Map 
 
 6). 
 Musea, Tlie Bee (Map 12). 
 Norma, The Rule (Map 9). 
 Octans, The Octant {May 12). 
 Ophiuohus, The Serpent-Bearer 
 
 (Map 9). 
 Orion, The Giant Hunter (Map 
 
 4)- 
 
 Parn, The Peacock (Map 12). 
 
 Pegasus, The Winged Horse 
 (Map 2). 
 
 Perseus, The Rr.scuer (Map 4). 
 
 Phcenix, The Phoenix (Map 3). 
 
 Pictor, The Painter's Easel (Map 
 6). 
 
 Pisces, The Fishes (Map 2). 
 
 Piscis, The Southern Fish (for 
 Piscis Australis)(Map 11). 
 
 Eeticulum, The Net (Map 12) 
 
 Sagitta, The Arrow (Map 10). 
 
 Sagittarius, The Archer (Map 9). 
 
 Scorpio, The Scorpion (Map 9). 
 
 Sculptor, The Sculptor's Work- 
 shop (Map 11). 
 
 Serpens, The Serpent (Map 9). 
 
 Sextans, The Sextant (Map 6), 
 
 Taurus, The Bull (Map i). 
 
 Telescopium, TTie Telescope (Map 
 9). 
 
 Toucan, The Toucan (Map 12). 
 
 Triangula, The {Northern) Tri- 
 angles (Map 2). 
 
 Triangulum, The {Southern) 
 Triangle (Map 12). 
 
 Ursa, The Bear (for Ursa Major) 
 (Map 1). 
 
 Ursa Minor, The Lesser Bear 
 (Map 1). 
 
 Virgo, The Virgin (Map 7). 
 
 Volans, The Flying-Fish (Map 
 12). 
 
 Vulpeeula. The Fox (Map 10). 
 
26 
 
 A NEW STAR ATLAS. 
 
 To this table of constellation names the following table of 
 star-names may be added : — 
 
 Table V.— 
 
 Star- Names. 
 
 a Andromedse, Alpherate. 
 
 f Ceti, Baten Kaitos. 
 
 , Mirach, Mizar, 
 
 o , Mira. 
 
 y , Almack. 
 
 a , Mm/car. 
 
 j8 Aquarii, Sadalsund. 
 
 a ColumTise, Phact. 
 
 a , Sadalmelik. 
 
 a Coronse, Alphecca. 
 
 S , Shat. 
 
 a Corvi, Alchiba. 
 
 7 Aquilse, Tarased. 
 
 S , Algores. 
 
 a , Jltair. 
 
 a Crateris, Alkes. 
 
 $ , Alshain. 
 
 B Cygni, Albireo. 
 
 n Argiis, Canopus. 
 
 u , Arided, Be'Kb Adige, 
 
 y Arietis, Mesartim. 
 
 ir' , Azelfafage. 
 
 $ , Sheratan. 
 
 u Delphini, Svaloein. 
 
 a , Hamal. 
 
 a Draeonis, Thuban. 
 
 a Aurigae, Capella. 
 
 B , Alwaid. 
 
 B , MenJcalinan. 
 
 
 ■n Bootis, Muphrid. 
 
 a Eridani, Achernar. 
 
 a , Arctanis. 
 
 7' , Zaurac. 
 
 6 , Liar, Mizar, Mirach, 
 
 B , Cursa. 
 
 Piilcherrima.* 
 
 7 Geminorum, Alhena. 
 
 B , Nekkar. 
 
 f , Mcbsuta. 
 
 a Canum Ven., Cor Caroli. 
 
 S , Wasat. 
 
 B Canis, Mirzam. 
 
 of , Castor. 
 
 
 B , Pollux. 
 
 
 K Heroulis, Mdrsie. 
 
 B Canis Minoris, Gomeisa. 
 
 B , Komeforos. 
 
 
 a , Sas Algethi. 
 
 
 o' Capricorn:, Secunda Giedi. 
 
 = Hydrae, Alphard, Cor Hydra. 
 
 S , JDeneb Algiedi. 
 
 a Leonis, Ecgidus, Cor Leonis. 
 
 B Caesiopeise, Chaph. 
 
 7' Leonis, Algeiba. 
 
 a —: , Schedar. 
 
 5 , Zosona. 
 
 a Cephei, Alderamin. 
 
 B , Dciieb Aleet, Dmebu/a, 
 
 B Cephei, Alphirk. 
 
 Deneb. 
 
 y , Errai. 
 
 1* Leporis. Arneb. 
 
 6 Ceti, Diphda. 
 
 a Librae, Zuben el Genubt. 
 
 * A name given by modern astronomprs to express the extreme 
 beauty of this double star (orange and green) viewed with a goori 
 telescope. 
 
HO TV TO LEAUN THE STARS. 
 
 27 
 
 p Librie, Zuhen el C) 
 
 amali. 
 
 t Sagittarii, Kaus Austrahs. 
 
 
 krabi. 
 
 a Scorpionis, Antares, Cor Scot- 
 
 
 a. Lyrae, Vega. 
 
 
 pionis. 
 
 , Shelial: 
 
 
 SerpeDtis, Unukalhat. 
 
 y , Sulaphat. 
 
 
 I) Tauri, Alcyone (Pleiad). 
 
 a Ophiuohi, Has Alhague. 
 
 , Aldeboran. 
 
 $ , Cebalrai. 
 
 
 e. -■ ■ , Nath. 
 
 B Orionis, Sigel. 
 
 
 I Ursae, Talitha. 
 
 7 , Bellatrix. 
 
 
 a , Dubhe. 
 
 S , Mintaka. 
 
 
 , Mernk. 
 
 e , Alnilam. 
 
 
 y , Phecda. 
 
 •^ , Betelgentx. 
 
 
 6 , Alioth, 
 
 e Pegasi, Enif. 
 
 
 C , Mizar. 
 
 C , Roman. 
 
 
 80 , Alcor. 
 
 8 , Scheat 
 
 
 n , Alkaid, Benetnasch. 
 
 a , Markab. 
 
 
 a Ursae Minoris, Polaris. 
 
 y , Algenib. 
 
 
 , Kochab. 
 
 3 Persei, Algol. 
 
 
 Virginis, Zavijava. 
 
 a , Mirfak. 
 
 
 e , Vindemiatrix. 
 
 
 ( aovaAcr."] 
 
 
 .» Pisojum, Kaitain. 
 
 
 *»* I did not think it desirablp to haTe the names of any but the 
 brightest stars placed in the maps themselves, which wonld have 
 been much cumbered even though only stars down to the second mag- 
 nitude had been named. The above list gives at least as many names 
 as the student need care to cumber his memory with. I could wish, for 
 my own part, that all save those names which appear in the atlas itself 
 could be finally dismissed from star-atlases and catalogues. 
 
 LONDON : rniNTRD BV 
 
 arCTTlSWOODE AND CO., NE\T-ST(tRRT 8QTJABE 
 
 AJiD PABLIAUENT STBEET 
 
NORTHERN 
 INDEX MAP 
 
 1880 
 
 On the StereoffTophijC 
 Frqjectiorh 
 
 On the globe t^ie 
 circles 1, 2, 4,6.8. caidlO 
 are etjuaX to each other, 
 and also to those circles t 
 £he overlaps. 3,5,7,9 arvd>l 
 
 BAProctor. 
 
Shewing aR the space covered 
 
 ~hy the six Nor-dierTv rruxps , 
 
 and. those parts of the- 
 
 SouJiherrv jrutps which li& 
 
 North ofJl "Sou^ D&cV' 
 
 /. WSJiO-.U^- 
 
 Uta dates round the 
 
 map arc those' orv Which 
 
 Ou^ corresponding mo'idiims 
 
 come to the' South finNor&iem 
 
 hMitujdes) at mi^bnighA. 
 
SOUTHERN 
 
 ND EX MAP 
 1880 
 
 On tkie, globe the/ 
 circles 12.3.5,1.9 andU 
 are equnl to eclcK other, 
 and. also to those drcLes to whi/^ 
 the. overlaps 2,4^,6.8, and 10 belong 
 
 RA.Froctor.Del^ 
 
Shewing aJZ tJi& space- covered, 
 hv the svjc Soittherrv maps, 
 oJTxl those parts of the 
 
 Tforihern /naf3s which Le 
 SoidhofWTfoi-thDcc'^ 
 
 E Wdl^.L-aho 
 
 The dates round/ the- 
 
 map are those on ivhich 
 
 thej corresponding Trtcridijans 
 
 come' to the South (irbNortherrv 
 
 ladtujdes) at rrddrdqht 
 
 sa 
 
MAP 
 
 STAR MAGNITUDES 
 
 o 
 
 _ First 
 
 o 
 
 = Second 
 
 
 
 « Third 
 
 
 
 - Fourth 
 
 • 
 
 FWi 
 
 • 
 
 „ Sixth 
 fandu/i^erj 
 
 ^ 
 
 - iVeJuZo. 
 
 RA.FriiaoT,Ilei. 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 TliaArrows indioaZe- the' 
 
 Precesswnal motion for 
 
 100 Years 
 
 E.WeOer.Liiho. 
 
 AB B R EVI ATI NS 
 
 R or Ru — Red. Tr — Trmary 
 
 V or Va - VarLikU 1' - 21 Fiazzi 
 Dor Du- Double H = Sir W.Scrschel 
 
 T - Triple h = Sir J. Berschel 
 
 Q a. = Quadruple I — Struve 
 Qi — Quintuple A - DurHop 
 
 B « Binary Ruf =Svspected' Med, 
 
 B^ = Suspected/ Binary 
 Wl itDChStor) — MvJjtipl& 
 M (to aNehulcLi — Messier 
 IOYtoaiV"eittZa;»H,V. 10. 
 
 &C'^ 
 
MAP 2 
 
 STAR MAGNITUDE 
 
 o 
 
 = First 
 
 o 
 
 Second 
 
 o 
 
 ^ Third 
 
 
 
 = Fouith. 
 
 • 
 
 FiftlL 
 
 • 
 
 „ Siaih 
 (andtmderj 
 
 ff 
 
 = A^e^^uZo. 
 
 Lo7ido7i,L( 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 The Arrows uidicat£ the 
 
 Preccssional motion for 
 
 100 Years 
 
 AB B R EVIATIO NS 
 
 R or Ru - Re^t Tr - TriTiary 
 
 V or Va - Variahle 1' = 21 Fiazzi 
 
 D or Du - Double, W -- Sir }^:Se/'Schel 
 
 £.WeUer,Ziiho. 
 
 — Triple h — Su^ J. Eei'schcl 
 ■= Quadruple Z — Struyc 
 
 - QiMTituple A - Dimlop 
 •''Binary Ha'-'SiLspectedllecL 
 B' = Suspected' Binary 
 M ItoOuStar' —Multiple 
 M 'to aNebiJa}- Messier 
 \Q^(tocbNebijJiLJ- H.V. 10. 
 
 s&C 
 
MAP 3 
 
 „ Sucilv 
 (ancL under) 
 
 R-A.Froaar.I)tV. 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 TheArrows indicai& ih£/ 
 
 PrecessionaL motion for 
 
 100 Years 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 E .WdUr. Litho 
 
 Ror 
 
 Ru-iJcd 
 
 Tr 
 
 - Triruary 
 
 Vor 
 
 Va - Variable 
 
 21 
 
 - 21 Pia^i 
 
 Dor 
 
 0\i- Double 
 
 H 
 
 - SirWEersdid 
 
 T 
 
 -Triple 
 
 h 
 
 — Sir J.SerscheZ 
 
 Qa 
 
 = Quadruple 
 
 I 
 
 — Struve 
 
 Qi 
 
 — Qmntuple 
 
 A 
 
 - Durdop 
 
 B 
 
 = Bituuy 
 
 H]i^ •^Suspected Beci 
 
 
 B? - Svspeciei 
 
 Binary 
 
 
 M (toa^Starl 
 
 - 
 
 JifultipZe 
 
 
 M (tocblfehxjjcul- 
 
 Messier 
 
 
 tO^ftncuNebulal- 
 
 H.V. 10. 
 
 :&C? 
 
MAP 4 
 
 STAR MAGNITU 
 
 (and under) 
 
 SiAJh>cCor,Dei: 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 ThcJrroH's indicate die 
 
 PrccesswnaLmotwnfor 
 
 100 Years 
 
 WdUr.LiOu). 
 
 REVIATIONS 
 
 Tr- Trincoy 
 ■ l^anoM- l> - 2) J=i^^^ 
 -DouhU n-Su-WHerschd 
 
 -Triple: ^ - Sir J.Hers6hd, 
 
 - QuaAapU Z - Stnive 
 
 - QmmupU A - Durdcp 
 'Bi^ U^ -Suspected ReA 
 
 ' ^ Suspected. Binajy 
 toaStarl -Multiple 
 y alfebuiz' — 'Messier 
 oaNd>uIa.l- H.V. 10. 
 
 •c? 
 
MAP 5 
 
 SiocOi 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 ThiArrows miioaa ifie/ 
 
 Precesswnalnwtionfor 
 
 100 Years 
 
 E.WdUr.LiAo 
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 RorRu-R!<i Ji-Trmary 
 
 V or Va - VarialrU 5.' - 21 Pi^'^i 
 D or D u - Douhle. H - Sir W.Eerschel 
 
 T -TripU h-SirJ.Herschd 
 
 Qa -QvadrupU. 1 - Strwe 
 Q i - QuirUupU A - Dunhp 
 B ^Binary ^-o.'- •Suspected, Bed, 
 
 B- - Suspected, Binary 
 M (ttXhStar) -Multiple, 
 M fwcblfehula,!- Messier 
 lOVtoaJfeiuiiJ-H.V. 10. 
 
STAR MAGNIT 
 
 • r (andundcr) 
 
 RA.FroctoT.DA!. 
 
 Lc 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 The. Arrows inBicate- the/ 
 PrecessionalmntiDn for 
 
 lOOTecws 
 
 E.WeRer.Liiko. 
 
 AB B R EVIATtO NS 
 
 R or Ru - Red. Tr - Triziary 
 
 V or Va - VoT-LttbU II - 2 1 Fuizzi 
 D or Du - Dovhle H = Sir WSasdiel 
 
 T - Triple h - Sir J fferscheZ 
 
 Q a ™ Quadruple Z = .^f^-we 
 i - Quintuple A - Durdop 
 
 B =^ Binxiry Ha^^SiispectedJietL 
 
 B' =» Suspected/ Buiary 
 M ( to (L Star) — Mu2jtipt& 
 M /'eo a-JfchulaJ - 71ife?^i:er 
 IO^/iwaiVki«ZaJ- H.V. 10. 
 
 uzn*ff * t' 
 
MAP 1 
 
 STAR MAGNITUD 
 
 o 
 
 _ First 
 
 o 
 
 = Seconci 
 
 o 
 
 _ Third 
 
 o 
 
 _ Fcwrih 
 
 • 
 
 . Fifth 
 
 • 
 
 SijA 
 
 « 
 
 „ 2Ve27u2a, 
 
 R^LFrocar. DeV^ ■ 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 The, Arrows mdicat^ me- 
 
 PrecessimwlmDtiDn.for 
 
 100 Years 
 
 EVl ATIONS 
 
 Vajtahle 
 
 Qiiadrupje 
 Quintuple 
 Binary 
 
 Tr- Tjinary 
 
 2' - 21 Fiazzi 
 
 H^-Sir W.Serschel 
 
 h -= Sir J.Ht^sch^ 
 
 £ — Struve 
 
 A — Dimlop 
 
 R u? -Suspected/ Jieoi 
 
 E .WeUer. Litho. 
 
 B- = SuspectecL Binary 
 M (tocuStar) —Multiple/ 
 M (to a.Nehulab)— Messier 
 lOVtoaiVeJuii.;. H.V. 10. 
 
 :& G? 
 
MAP 8 
 
 STAR MAGNITU 
 
 ^ Sixth 
 
 ((uui under) 
 
 = Nebulcb 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 Th&AiTows indicate/ the/ 
 
 PrecessUmhl motiorh for 
 
 100 Tears 
 
 E.WeUer.Litho. 
 
 AB B R EVI ATIO'NS 
 
 R or Ru = Red Tr = Trinary 
 
 V or Va - Variahle. 1' = 21 Fiazzv 
 D or Du - Double H = Sir W.Rersdiel 
 
 T "- Triple h = Sir J.EersdieZ 
 
 Q a = Quadruple 1. = Struve 
 Q 1 - Qvintu^'le A ■= Dunlop 
 
 B ^Biruiry Hu.^ =Siispected>Iiedy 
 
 B- = Suspected/ Binary 
 M (tocuStorl —Multiple/ 
 M (to a]!^ebula,^ — Messier 
 \0^(tca/Nehula,}^ H-V. 10. 
 
 5^ C? 
 
MAP 9 
 
 STAR MAGNITUD 
 
 o 
 
 - FltsT 
 
 o 
 
 Second 
 
 o 
 
 _ Third 
 
 
 
 _ Fourth 
 
 • 
 
 _ FMh 
 
 • 
 
 . Sixth 
 fajiili under 
 
 ^ 
 
 =. Nehulcu 
 
 I'ondan. 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 Th&ATrows indicate' the/ 
 
 Frecessi/mxH mntiorL far 
 
 100 Yeoj-s- 
 
 E WeOer-Liiho. 
 
 AB B R EVI ATIO NS 
 
 R or Ru = Red. Tr -= Trinary 
 
 V or Va - Variable 1' - 21 Piazzi- 
 
 D or Du - Douhle. H - Sir WSerschel 
 
 T — Triple- h = Su" J.Herschel 
 
 Qa. ■= Quadruple. Z — Struyc 
 Q i "■ Quintuple A — Dunlop 
 
 B = Birtary R\x' = Suspected Jted' 
 
 B- = Suspected Binary 
 M ftoCLStar) —MiJjtip'l& 
 M ftoal^ehujajl" Messier 
 XQ^ftocuNehvlaJ- H .V. 10. 
 
 ^ <£<::? 
 
M /\ P 10 
 
 STAR MAGNITUDES 
 
 o 
 
 =. First 
 
 o 
 
 Second 
 
 o 
 
 Third 
 
 o 
 
 Fmardt 
 
 • 
 
 „ KfOt 
 
 . 
 
 Sixili, 
 " faiui imtk/-} 
 
 R^i.Froctor.D&i'^ 
 
 ZoTldoTb.Zl 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 Th&Arrows inBicata ifiA 
 
 ^ecessionalnwtiorLfor 
 
 lOOTear^ 
 
 EVIATrONS 
 
 Tr- Trinary 
 
 Double H~SirKHerschel 
 
 JripU h-Su-JHaschel 
 
 QuaJrupU Z - Stria,c 
 ChiiU^pU A _ Dunlop 
 Bina^ R^USuspecbdReA 
 
 iuspccbeJb Binary 
 
 la-Starl -Multiple, 
 
 aNehulcLl - Messier 
 
 • aNdrulcL)-. H.V. 10. 
 
MAP M 
 
 R MftGNITUDES 
 
 O 
 
 _ First 
 
 o 
 
 = Secancb 
 
 o 
 
 . Tfdrd, 
 
 o 
 
 _ Faurih 
 
 • 
 
 _ KftTi 
 
 • 
 
 Sixtiv 
 ian3.jmder) 
 
 l^ebuixL 
 
 RJ..I^octor. Dei: 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 Th&Arroivs indicate/ the/ 
 
 Prec&ssionaL motion for 
 
 100 Tears 
 
 E. WeUer. Litho. 
 
 R EVI ATIO NS 
 
 ■ Red/ Tr - Trinazy 
 - VarCahle. 1' — 21 Fia^zi 
 
 ■ Double H-^Sir WBerschel 
 
 - Triple. h = Su^ J.SersckeZ 
 
 - Qmtdruple I — Struye 
 ~ Quintuple^ A — Diailop 
 =■ Binary Hii? "Suspecteidlieoi 
 B- = Suspectecb Bijiajy 
 M itoo/Star} —Muhiple/ 
 M ftaa,J^ehula/)-~MEs^ier 
 \0^futa.Ifebida,H H-V. 10. 
 
MAP 12 
 
 STAR MAGNITUDES 
 
 O 
 
 = First 
 
 o 
 
 = Seconii 
 
 O 
 
 = Thrd 
 
 
 
 =. Fourth 
 
 • 
 
 = FMi. 
 
 • 
 
 _ Sirih 
 
 (a/idvnda-J 
 
 , 
 
 = 'Nebula^ 
 
 RAFroaoT.Dd.* 
 
ANNO 1880 
 
 J7icArro}fs indicate' dvei 
 
 PrecesswndlmDtiorL for 
 
 100 Yeojrs 
 
 EVIATIO NS 
 
 Tr— Ti^inary 
 Varuible L' = 21 Pia.zzi 
 DouhU W'-Sir W.Rersi^l 
 
 Triple h - Sii- J. Herschel 
 
 Quadruple I — Strove 
 Qidniufile A - Dunlop 
 Binary Rix? = Suspected Jted- 
 
 ■ = Suspectecb Binary 
 ftocbStar) —Multiple/ 
 (to auNebviln,} — Messier 
 Wel>ula.l~ H.V. 10. 
 
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INDEX. 
 
 Abbey &= Overton's English Church History 15 
 
 Abney's Photography 11 
 
 Acton's Modern Cookery 21 
 
 Alpine Club Map of Switzerland 18 
 
 Guide (The) .' 18 
 
 /imo/j Jurisprudence 5 
 
 Primer of the Constitution S 
 
 Fifty Years of the English Con- 
 stitution 5 
 
 Anderson's Strength of Materials 11 
 
 Armstrong' s Orgamc Chemiitiy 11 
 
 Arnold's{T)r.) Lectures on Modern History 2 
 
 Miscellaneous Works 7 
 
 — Sermons 15 
 
 (T.) English Literature 6 
 
 Authors 6 
 
 Amott's Elements of Physics 10 
 
 Atelier (The) du Lys 19 
 
 Atherstone Priory 19 
 
 Autumn Holidays of a Country Parson ... 7 
 
 Ayre's Treasury of Bible Knowledge 2r 
 
 Bacon's Essays, by Whately 6 
 
 Life and Letters, by ^^Si;?^^^ ... 5 
 
 ' Works 5 
 
 Bagehot's Biographical Studies 4 
 
 Economic Studies 21 
 
 Literary Studies 6 
 
 Bailey's Festus, a Poem 19 
 
 Bain's Mental and Moral Science 6 
 
 on the Senses and Intellect 6 
 
 Emotions and Will 6 
 
 Baker's Two Works on Ceylon 17 
 
 Sa/A Alpine Guides 18 
 
 Elements of Astronomy 11 
 
 Barry on Railway Appliances 11 
 
 Baitennaii syiiTvtr^Qigj 10 
 
 Beaconsfield' s (Lord) Novels and Tales 18 & 19 
 
 Becker s Charicles and Gallus 8 
 
 Beesly's Gracchi, Marius, and Sulla 3 
 
 5/ac]l'j Treatise on Brewing 21 
 
 BlacMey's German- English Dictionary 8 
 
 Blaine's Rural Sports 19 
 
 S&jfaw'j Metals 11 
 
 Bolland and Lang's Aristotle's PoUtics 5 
 
 Boultbee on 39 Articles 15 
 
 's History of the English Church... 15 
 
 Bourne's V/orks on the Steam Engine 14 
 
 Bowdler's Family Shakespeare 19 
 
 Bratnley-Moore s Six Sisters of the Valleys . 19 
 Brandos Dictionary of Science, Literature, 
 
 and Art 12 
 
 Brassey on Shipbuilding 14 
 
 Brassey's Sunshine and Storm in the East . 17 
 
 Voyage of the ' Sunbeam ' 17 
 
 Browne's Exposition of the 39 Articles 15 
 
 ^n^M^Zi^^j Modern England 3 
 
 Buckle's History of CiviUsation 2 
 
 Buckton's Food and Home Cookery 21 
 
 Health in the House 13 
 
 Town and Window Gardening... 12 
 
 Bull's Hints to Mothers 21 
 
 Maternal Management of Children. 21 
 
 Bunsen's Angel-Messiah 16 
 
 Burgomaster's Family (The) 19 
 
 Buried Alive 18 
 
 Burke's Vicissitudes of Families 4 
 
 Cabinet Lawyer 21 
 
 Ca/w'j Age of the Antonines 3 
 
 Early Roman Empire 3 
 
 Carlyle's Reminiscences 4 
 
 Cffl/« 'j Biographical Dictionary 4 
 
 Cflj/^y^ Iliad of Homer 19 
 
 Changed Aspects of Unchanged Truths ... 7 
 
 Chesney's Waterloo Campaign 2 
 
 Church's Beginning of the Middle Ages ... 3 
 
 Colenso on Moabite Stone &c 17 
 
 's Pentateuch and Book of Joshua. 17 
 
 Commonplace Philosopher 7 
 
 Comte's Positive Polity S 
 
 Conder's Handbook to the Bible 15 
 
 CoK^«i/e'j Politics of Aristotle s 
 
 Conington's Translation of Virgil's ^neid 19 
 
 Miscellaneous Writings 6 
 
 Contanseau' s Two French Dictionaries ... 8 
 
 Conybeare s.ni Howson' s St. Paul 16 
 
 Cordery's Struggle against Absolute Mon- 
 archy 3 
 
 CotiaoTL.'&ai^s.'bY Lawrence 12 
 
 Counsel and Comfort from a City Pulpit... 7 
 
 Cox's (G. W.) Athenian Empire 3 
 
 Crusades 3 
 
 > Greeks and Persians 3 
 
 Creighton's Age of Elizabeth 3 
 
 England a Continental Power 3 
 
 Shilling History of England... 3 
 
 Tudors and the Reformation 3 
 
 Cresy's Encyclopaedia of Civil Engineering 15 
 
 Critical Essays of a Country Parson 7 
 
 Crf^tJ^^y^ Chemical Analysis 13 
 
 Culley's Handbook of Telegraphy 14 
 
 Curteis's Macedonian Empire ...'. 3 
 
 Davison's Thousand Thoughts 7 
 
 De Caisne &n& Le Maout s '&o\3.uy 12 
 
 De Tocqueville's Democracy in America... 5 
 
 Dixon's Rural Bird Life 12 
 
 Doyle's {K.) Fairyland 13 
 
 Dun's American Food and Farming 21 
 
 Eastlake's Foreign Picture Galleries 13 
 
 Hints on Household Taste 14 
 
 £(/TOa?-a'f on Ventilation &c 21 
 
 Edwards's Nile 17 
 
 £//zc(7«'j Scripture Commentaries 16 
 
 Lectures on Life of Christ 15 
 
 Elsa and her Vulture 19 
 
 Epochs of Ancient History 3 
 
 English History , 3 
 
 Modem History 3 
 
 Ewalds History of Israel 16 
 
 Antiquities of Israel 16 
 
 ^iZzV^tzzVK'j Applications of Iron 14 
 
 Information for Engineers 14 
 
 Mills and Millwork 14 
 
 Farrar's Language and Languages 7 
 
 Francis's Fishing Book , 19 
 
 Freeman's Historical Geography 2 
 
 Froude's Csesar 4 
 
 English in Ireland i 
 
 History of England i 
 
 Short Studies 6 
 
 Gairdner's Houses of Lancaster and "York 3 
 
 Ganot's Elementary Physics g 
 
 Natural Philosophy 9 
 
 Gardiner's Buckingham and Charles I. ... 2 
 Personal Government of Charles I. 2 
 
WORKS published by LONGMANS &• CO. 
 
 23 
 
 Gardiner s Puritan Resolution 3 
 
 Thirty Years' War 3 
 
 German Home Life 7 
 
 G/to;2'j Cavalier's Note Booli 7 
 
 Goethe sYzxat., by Birds 19 
 
 by Selss 19 
 
 by Webb 19 
 
 Goodeve's Mechanics 11 
 
 Mechanism 14 
 
 Gore's Electro-Metallurgy 11 
 
 Gospel (The) for the Nineteenth Century . 16 
 
 Grant's Ethics of Aristotle 6 
 
 Graver Thoughts of a Country Parson 7 
 
 Grevilles Faiths and Fancies 6 
 
 Journal i 
 
 Griffin's Algebra and Trigonometry 11 
 
 Griffith's A B C of Philosophy S 
 
 Grove on Correlation of Physical Forces... 10 
 
 Gwili's Encyclopaedia of Architecture 14 
 
 /fa&'j Fall of the Stuarts 3 
 
 Hartwig's Works on Natural History and 
 
 Popular Science 11 
 
 Nassau's Climate of San Remo 17 
 
 Haughtons Physical Geography 11 
 
 Hawthorne's Fairy Stories iS 
 
 Hayward's S&l&cied'E.ss^ys 6 
 
 Heer's Primeval World of Switzerland 12 
 
 Helmholtz on Tone 10 
 
 Helmholtz' s Scientific Lectures 10 
 
 Herschets Outhnes of Astronomy 9 
 
 Hillebrand' s Lectures on German Thought 6 
 
 Hobson's Amateur Mechanic 14 
 
 //o/^/nj'j Christ the Consoler 17 
 
 Horses and Roads 20 
 
 jy«;So/ri'i Engineer's Valuing Assistant ... 14 
 
 HullaKs History of Modern Music 12 
 
 Transition Period 12 
 
 Hume's'Essz.ys 6 
 
 ■ Treatise on Human Nature 6 
 
 Ihne's Rome to its Capture by the Gauls... 3 
 
 History of Rome 2 
 
 Ingelow's Poems 19 
 
 Jamesons Sacred and Legendary Art 13 
 
 Memoirs by Macpherson 4 
 
 Jenkitis Electricity and Magnetism 11 
 
 Jerrold's Life of Napoleon 1 
 
 Johnsons Normans in Europe 3 
 
 Patentee's Manual 21 
 
 Johnstons Geographical Dictionary 8 
 
 Jukes's Types of Genesis 16 
 
 yz^to on Second Death 16 
 
 ^«/M<rA'j Bible Studies 16 
 
 • Commentary on the Bible 16 
 
 Path and Goal S 
 
 Keller's Lake DweUings of Switzerland.... 12 
 
 Kerls Metallurgy, by Crookes and Rohrig. 15 
 
 Kingeett's Alkali Trade 13 
 
 Animal Chemistry 13 
 
 Knatchtull-Hugessen s Fairy-Land 18 
 
 Higgledy-piggledy 18 
 
 Landscapes, Churches, &c 7 
 
 Latham's English Dictionaries 8 
 
 ^1 Handbook of English Language 8 
 
 Eecky's History of England i 
 
 . European Morals 3 
 
 Rationalism 3 
 
 Leaders of Public Opinion 4 
 
 i««' J- Geologist's Note Book 12 
 
 Leisure Hours in Town 7 
 
 Leslie's Essays in Pohtical and Moral 
 
 Philosophy 6 
 
 Lessons of Middle Age 7 
 
 Z«zum' J History of Philosophy 3 
 
 ZfZ£;?j on Authority 6 
 
 Liddellsmd Scott's Greek-English Lexicons 8 
 
 Lindley and Moore's Treasury of Botany ... 20 
 
 Lloyd's Magnetism 10 
 
 Wave-Theory of Light 10 
 
 Longman's (F. W. ) Chess Openings 21 
 
 Frederic the Great and 
 
 the Seven Years' War 3 
 
 German Dictionary ... 8 
 
 (W.) Edward the Third 2 
 
 Lectures on History of England 2 
 
 Old and New St. Paul's 13 
 
 London's Encyclopaedia of Agriculture ... 15 
 
 -^-^— Gardening 12 
 
 Plants..". 12 
 
 LubtocHs Origin of Civilisation 12 
 
 Ludlow's American War of Independence 3 
 
 Lyra Germanica 17 
 
 Afocaffrferj Vertebrate Animals 11 
 
 Macaulay's (Lord) Essays i 
 
 History of England ... i 
 
 ■" Lays, Illustrated Edits. 13 
 
 Cheap Edition... 19 
 
 Life and Letters 4 
 
 Miscellaneous Writings 7 
 
 Speeches.., 7 
 
 ——Works I 
 
 Writings, Selections from 7 
 
 Ala oCv I lagh's Tracts 10 
 
 McCulloch! s Dictionary of Commerce 8 
 
 Macfarrcn on Musical Harmony 13 
 
 Macleods Economical Philosophy 5 
 
 Economics for Beginners 21 
 
 Theory and Practice of Banking 21 
 
 Elements of Banking 21 
 
 Macnamara's Himalayan Districts of British 
 
 India 17 
 
 Mademoiselle Mori 19 
 
 Mahaffy's Classical Greek Literature 3 
 
 A/arj/iOTfZw'j Life of Havelock 4 
 
 Martineau's Christian Life 17 
 
 Hours of Thought 17 , 
 
 Hymns 17 
 
 Maunder's Popular Treasuries 20 
 
 Maxwells Theory of Heat II 
 
 May's History of Democracy 2 
 
 History of England 2 
 
 Melville's (Whyte) Novels and Tales 19 
 
 Mendelssohn's Letters 4 
 
 Afsn'i'a/e'j Fall of the Roman Republic ... 2 
 '■ General History of Rome 2 
 
 Roman Triumvirates 3 
 
 Romans under the Empire 2 
 
 Merrifields Arithmetic and Mensuration... 11 
 
 Miles on Horse's Foot and Horse Shoeing 20 
 
 on Horse's Teeth and Stables 20 
 
 Mill (J.) on the Mind S 
 
 Mill's ij. S.) Autobiography 4 
 
 Dissertations & Discussions 5 
 
 Essays on Rehgion IS 
 
 Hamilton's Philosophy 5 
 
 --Liberty S 
 
 Political Economy S 
 
 Representative Government S 
 
 Subjection of Women 5 
 
 System of Logic S 
 
 Unsettled Questions S 
 
 Utilitarianism s 
 
 Miller's Elements of Chemistry 13 
 
24 
 
 WORKS published by LONGMANS & CO. 
 
 Miller's Inorganic Chemistry ii 
 
 Wintering in the Riviera 17 
 
 A/zV/j'j Blues and Buffs 18 
 
 Minto (Lord) in IncSa 2 
 
 Mitchell's Manual of Assaying 15 
 
 Modem Novelist's Library ' 18 & 19 
 
 Monck's Logic 6 
 
 MonselVs Spiritual Songs 17 
 
 Moore's Irish Melodies, Illustrated Edition 13 
 
 Lalla Rookh, Illustrated Edition.. 13 
 
 Morris's Age of Anne 3 
 
 Mailer's Chips from a German Workshop. 7 
 
 Hibbert Lectures on Religion ... 16 
 
 Science of Language 7 
 
 — ^ Science of Religion 16 
 
 Selected Essays 7 
 
 Nelson on the Moon 9 
 
 Nevile's Horses and Riding 20 
 
 Newman's Apologia pro Viti Su^ 4 
 
 Nicols's Puzzle of Life 12 
 
 Northcott's Lathes & Turning 14 
 
 Ormshy's Poem of the Cid ■ 19 
 
 Overton s YJii^, &c. oi Law 4 
 
 Owen's Comparative Anatomy and Phy- 
 siology of Vertebrate Animals II 
 
 Owen's Evenings with the Skeptics 7 
 
 Payen's Industrial Chemistry 14 
 
 /'««fefi/-'j Comprehensive Specifier 21 
 
 /'zme'j Art of Perfumery 15 
 
 Poles Game of Whist 21 
 
 Powell s Yjz.'A'J England 3 
 
 Preece & ^^V^Kfr/^^/'j Telegraphy 11 
 
 Present-Day Thoughts 7 
 
 /Vocfor' J- Astronomical Works 9 
 
 Scientific Essays (Two Series) ... 12 
 
 Public Schools Atlases 8 
 
 ^aw/z«jo«'j Ancient Egypt 3 
 
 Sassanians 3 
 
 Recreations of a Country Parson 7 
 
 Reynolds's Experimental Chemistry 12 
 
 ^icA'j Dictionary of Antiquities 8 
 
 Rigby's Letters from France, &c. in 1789... 18 
 
 ^zz/^rj'j Orchard House 12 
 
 Rose Amateur's Guide 12 
 
 Rogers's EcUpse of Faith 15 
 
 Defence of Eclipse of Faith 15 
 
 Roget's English Thesaurus 8 
 
 Ronalds' Fly-Fisher's Entomology 20 
 
 ^(7Z£'/^'j Rise of the People 3 
 
 Settlement of the Constitution ... 3 
 
 Russia and England i 
 
 Before and After the War i 
 
 Rutley's Study of Rocks 11 
 
 iStzwt^tzz-j'i Justinian's Institutes 5 
 
 ^a«/5«yj Sparta and Thebes 3 
 
 Savile on Apparitions 7 
 
 Seaside Musings 7 
 
 Scott's Farm Valuer 21 
 
 Rents and Purchases 21 
 
 Seeiohm's Oxford Reformers of 1498 2 
 
 Protestant Revolution 3 
 
 Sewelts History of France 2 
 
 Passing Thoughts on Religion ... 16 
 
 Preparation for Communion 16 
 
 Private Devotions i5 
 
 Stories and Tales 18 
 
 Thoughts for the Age 16 
 
 Shelley s Workshop Appliances 11 
 
 5Aore'i Flight of the ' Lapwing ' 17 
 
 5/;ur/'j Church History IS 
 
 Skelton's Crookit Meg 18 
 
 Smith's [Sydney) Wit and Wisdom 7 
 
 (Dr. R. A.) Air and Rain 9 
 
 (R. B.)Carthage&theCarthaginians 2 
 
 Rome and Carthage 3 
 
 (J.) Voyage and Shipwreck of 
 
 St. Paul 16 
 
 Southey's Poetical Works 19 
 
 Stanley's Familiar History of Birds 11 
 
 Steel on Diseases of the Ox 29 
 
 5/«/A«?i'j Ecclesiastical Biography 4 
 
 Stonehenge, Dog and Greyhound 20 
 
 Stoney on Strains 14 
 
 .S/aiiS/j Early Plantagenets 3 
 
 Sunday Afternoons, by A. K. H.B 7 
 
 Supernatural Religion 16 
 
 Swinbourne's Picture Logic 6 
 
 Taucock's England during the Wars, 
 
 1778-1820 3 
 
 7'a)'/r7>''j History of India 2 
 
 Ancient and Modem History ... 4 
 
 (Jeremy) Works, edited by Eden 17 
 
 Text-Books of Science 11 
 
 Thomi's Botany n 
 
 Thomson's Laws of Thought 6 
 
 7'Ao;2>e'i Quantitative Analysis ii 
 
 Thorpe and Muir's Qualitative Analysis ... 11 
 
 Thudichmn s Annals of Chemical Medicine 13 
 
 T'z'/tiM'j Chemical Philosophy 11 
 
 Practical Chemistry 12 
 
 Todd on Parliamentary Government 2 
 
 Tozer's Armenia and Asia Minor 17 
 
 Trench's Realities of Irish Life 17 
 
 Trevelyan s lAfe oi Voii 2 
 
 Trollope's Warden and Barchester Towers 18 
 
 Twiss's Law of Nations 5 
 
 7>«£fa/"i (Professor) Scientific Works ... 10 
 
 Unawares 19 
 
 I/«to/b'j Machine Design n 
 
 Ure's Arts, Manufactures, and Mines 14 
 
 Venn's Life, hy Knight 4 
 
 Ville on Artificial Manures is 
 
 PFa/fe?- on Whist 21 
 
 Waipole s liiisXoxy oi England i 
 
 Warburton s Edward the Third 3 
 
 Watson' s QtoraA^ry 11 
 
 Watts' s Dictionary of Chemistry 13 
 
 Webb's Celestial Objects 9 
 
 Civil War in Herefordshire 2 
 
 Veil of Isis 6 
 
 I'Ke/rf'j Sacred Palmlands 17 
 
 Wellington s Life, by Gleig 4 
 
 Whately's English Synonymes 8 
 
 Logic 6 
 
 : — Rhetoric 6 
 
 White's Four Gospels in Greek i5 
 
 and Riddle's Latin Dictionaries ... 3 
 
 Wilcocks's Sea-Fisherman 20 
 
 Williams' s h-!\%1oW€s Ethics 5 
 
 Wilsons Resources of Modern Countries... 21 
 Wood's (J. G.) Popular Works on Natural 
 
 History 11 
 
 Woodward' s Geology 12 
 
 Yonge's EngUsh-Greek Lexicons 8 
 
 Youatt on the Dog and Horse 20 
 
 Zellet's Greek Philosophy 3 
 
 Spottlsvjoode &^ Co. Printers, Ne^v-strcet Sq^iare, -London.