CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND GIVEN IN 1891 BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE Cornell University Library DA 767.D15 Scots army 1661-1688 : 3 1924 028 125 536 *.,,i '«53 The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://archive.org/details/cu31924028125536 MAJOR-GENERAL SIR THOMAS MORGAN, Commander-in-Chief in Scotland at the Restoration {Front on Engraving at the British iluseuni) THE SCOTS ARMY 1661-1688 Wl$b flDemptre of the — Ed. J MSS. of the Earl of Mar and Kellie at Alloa House, p. 216. INTRODUCTION torture, and remarks that General Dalyell's letter " indicates the disgust of that soldier at some of the work he was engaged on." * It has been said that the lines on Dalyell in Lag's Elegy, repre- senting the General — " Wringing the bluid frae aff his hands, And scourin' them in brumstane " afford a very fine example of Scottish writing ; f but, taken as a whole, the elegy itself is far inferior as a poetic production to the beautiful elegiac verses to Dalyell, written by an anonymous hand, at an unknown date, and quoted in this volume (pp. 65-66). Fate decreed that on the death of Lieut.-General Wm. Drum- mond (Viscount Strathallan) in March, 1688, the command of the Scots Army devolved on the Hon. James Douglas (pp. 78-87), Colonel of the Foot Guards, who, as Master-General of the Ordnance, had the rank of Lieut.-General. Douglas's appoint- ment was far from popular with either the officers or the rank and file. He was brave and patriotic ; also a hard-worker who never spared himself. But Douglas's over-weening pride, coupled with his fussy and fidgety ways, marred everything. Had Lord Strathallan's mantle fallen on Claverhouse's capable shoulders there would, in all probability, have been fewer deserters from the Foot Guards to the Prince of Orange's camp (pp. 82-83). We have purposely omitted in this volume to descant on Claverhouse's minor services with his Troop and Regt. of Horse. Indeed we have nothing new to add to Professor Sandford Terr y's admirable biography of Viscount Dundee, whose life story may be summed up in the words : " This was a man." J The biography in question throws new light on incidents in Claverhouse's career which have been purposely exaggerated and distorted by acrid writers. Take as an example the shooting of John Brown, of Priesthill, by Claverhouse's orders, on 1st May, 1685. Professor Terry's research into this case has disclosed the fact that the "Christian carrier" was not the * MSS. of (he Earl of Mar and Kellie at Alloa House, p. xxi. + Memoir of Sir Robert Grierson of Lag, by Lt.-Colonel Alex. Fergusson. \ Napoleon must have had this quotation from Shakespeare in his mind's eye when ho said to Goethe : — " Monsieur Goethe vous 6tes un homme." INTRODUCTION xxv guileless Nathaniel as portrayed by Wodrow. Brown had to use arms against the Government, and when captured would not swear to keep the peace in future. " Bullets and match " were found in his house, also " treasonable papers." He was a rebel in every sense of the word. There is some slight analogy between the case of John Brown the Christian carrier and that of his American namesake, John Brown the Abolitionist. Each knowingly, and wilfully, broke the laws of the country to which he owed allegiance, and each suffered an .ignominious death. Each was, speaking metaphorically, canonised by those of his own party who were in search of a battle-cry to stimulate popular feeling. It may be truly said of both these so-called martyrs that — " John Brown's bddy lies a-mouldering in the grave, But his soul is marching on." When James VII. ascended the throne he issued fresh Com- missions to all the officers of the Scots Army. Argyll's rebellion gave the King an excuse for adding a new Company to the Foot Guards (p. 147, Pt. II.), and also to the Earl of Mar's Regiment (p. 154, Pt. II.). Three special service officers were sent from England in May, 1685, with the Earl of Dumbarton (pp. 67-69), who was appointed Commander-in-Chief in Scotland. The three officers in question were Captain George Barclay, Lt.-Colonel Thomas Maxwell, and Captain Charles Carney. The first, who had seen service in France, was appointed " Inspector of the Forces throughout Scotland," and had two Commissions of same date (2nd May, 1685) : " to be Governor of James Fort,* appointed to be built near Stirling Bridge," and " Captain of an Independent Company to garrison James Fort " (p. 162, Pt. II.)- Barclay became notorious, in 1696, as the instigator of the plot to assassinate William III. Maxwell (p. 167, Pt. II.), who was sent to serve under the Duke of Gordon in the Highlands, as A.D.C. and " adviser," had a more honourable career. He served King James in Ireland as a general officer, and after the capitulation ■* This fort was never built, and the Independent Company to garrison the same was added to the Foot Guards, Major Robert Middleton taking Barclay's place as Captain of the Company. xxvi INTRODUCTION of Limerick he passed over to France with two regiments of dragoons. In 1693 General Maxwell was killed at the battle of Marsaglia, in Piedmont. Captain (afterwards Sir Charles) Carney, who had also seen service in France, was given command of the newly-raised Company of Guards. On the 31st December, 1686, Sir Charles Carney was appointed Lt.-Colonel of the Scots Dragoons (p. 145, Pt. II.), also Inspector of the Forces in Scotland, " excepting our Koyal Regiment of Horse Guards and our Royal Regiment of Horse." His pay as Inspector was £100 per annum.* Sir Charles Carney commanded King James's Re- serve at the Battle of the Boyne, where he held the rank of Major-General. He was attainted of high treason, 2nd July, 1696. It may be truly said of James VII. that he had the real interest of his Army at heart, and knew a good soldier when he met one. Claverhouse had been the King's proteg6 from the time that the former joined the Scots Army as a Captain of Horse. And John Churchill, the great Duke of Marlborough, owed his advancement in the Army to the monarch whom he deserted at the Revolution. There is something very pathetic in the letter which King James wrote to the Privy Council of Scotland from Whitehall, 29th November, 1688 :— " Wee have sent this Express to inform you that on the 24th of this instant the Duke of Grafton & the Lord Churchill f went off from Us at Salisbury, & on the 25th Prince George of Denmark left Us at Andover, when Wee were deserted by the Duke of Ormond, the Earl of Drumlanrig, and several others. All which Wee had reason to wonder at. But above all, when at Our arrival at this place, on Monday night, Wee found Our dearest Daughter the Princess Ann of Denmark was gone likewise though as yet Wee know not whither nor on what pretext.":! At the commencement of November, 1688, the whole Scots Army (excepting the small train of Artillery which had returned to Edinburgh from Carlisle in October), numbering 3,763 officers * Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XI. t " The Earl of Middleton writes in indignant terms to Visct. Preston of Lord Churchill's defection, and tells his lordship, by the King's command, to seize his goods and furniture, both at the Cockpit and at St. Albans." — Hist. MSS. Commission, Report VII., Pt. II., p. 261 b. J Warrant Bookjbr Scotland, Vol. XIII. INTRODUCTION xxvn and men, was quartered in London.* This force included Colonel John Wauchope's Regiment of Scots Foot (p. 158, Pt. II.), raised in March, 1688, and chiefly officered by Scotsmen who had thrown up their Commissions in the Scots Brigade, in Holland, to serve their lawful Sovereign at home. Wauchope served King James in Ireland as a Major-General, and fell at Marsaglia in 1693. The Revolution brought about a change in the British Army both as regards Scotland and Ireland. The Standing Armies of these two kingdoms ceased to exist as purely Scottish and Irish defensive forces. From 1689 there was but one Arm y for the British Isles. England, Scotland, and Ireland had each its own Establishment ; but the Regiments composing the British Army were stationed indiscriminately in each of the three kingdoms regardless of nationality. It is a noteworthy fact that the Scots Foot Guards, which saw service in Flanders under William III., and then returned to Scotland, came on the English Establishment in 1708, and has never since been north of the Tweed. CHARLES DALTON. * Marching Orders, 1st November, 1688. War Office MS. at Public Record Office. THE SCOTS ARMY 1661-1688 CHAPTER I THE PERSONNEL OF THE SCOTS ARMY " Soldiers have an undoubted right to claim The greatest honours and the most lasting name.'' Scotland's Standing Army consisted of a mere handful of Troops from 1661 to 1666. In the summer of the latter year the exigencies of circum- stances necessitated a material increase to his Majesty's forces. The officers appointed to the new-raised levies during the early years of the Restoration were mostly veterans who had served in the Civil Wars of Charles I. Some had fought with Montrose, while others had served against him. In this same little army were to be found "Engagers" who had marched into Lancashire under the Duke of Hamilton, and had suffered defeat at Preston by Cromwell. There were also not a few devoted Royalists who had fought at Dunbar and Worcester. Nor must we omit those tried soldiers who had shared in the hardships of Lord Glencairn's expedition and in General Middleton's defeat at Loch Garry. Lastly, there were representatives in Charles II.'s Scots Army of some of the oldest and noblest families north of the Tweed who had served with the Scots Brigade in Holland and with the old Scots Regiment (the present Royal Scots) in France. It is an indisputable fact that the Scots Army from the Restoration to the Revolution has received scant justice at the hands of Scottish writers in general. We may go still further and say that both officers and soldiers have been handed down to posterity by Covenanting writers, and apologists, as cruel and relentless persecutors. Take for instance the Rev. Robert Wodrow's magnum opus on The Sufferings of the Church of Scotland. This labour of love, which was not published till 1726, was chiefly founded on hearsay evidence and the contemporary works, and pamphlets, of Covenanters who well knew how to blacken their enemies' characters. As a literary compilation, Mr. Wodrow's book is entitled to our respect, for every page bears witness to conscientious labour and research ; nay more, the mass of documents quoted at length, such as Royal Proclamations and Acts of the Privy Council, are of great historical value ; but many of the " military atrocities " which are detailed at length in the aforesaid work must be taken, in many instances, as gross •exaggerations. Of course there are some well-authenticated cases of THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 barbarity. It was a cruel age and the Scots as a people were by no means behind other nations in this respect. It has been truly said that "war is the outcome, of the bitterest of man's passions." The guerilla warfare carried on in the West of Scotland during the reigns of Charles II. and James VII. had a very demoralising effect, not only on those in open rebellion against their King, and his Government, but on the troops to whose unhappy lot fell the odious task of hunting down, capturing, and in some cases executing by martial law those who had voluntarily placed themselves outside the pale. Before leaving the subject of the so-called military atrocities, we must remark on the misleading description of Scots officers given in many of the contemporary epitaphs to those Covenanters, and Cameronians, who had lost their lives either in, or after, action, or on the gibbet. It is only natural that the men who suffered death for conscience' sake should have been dubbed martyrs by their own party ; and certain it is that they met their deaths, in whatever form it might take, with unflinching courage. But for the friends and relatives of these martyrs to compose doggerel epitaphs which, in many cases, heap abuse on the heads of the officers who only carried out their instructions from the Privy Council, was not in accord with the tenets of the Sermon on the Mount which it behoved these hill- preachers to practise. The sanguinary adjective prefixed to the names of Scots officers, from the rank of Commander-in-Chief 1 to Subaltern, 8 on some of the tombstones to martyred Covenanters, is as puerile as the challenge which children were wont to call in at the keyhole of the gate to Sir George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh's massive monument in Greyfriars Churchyard : — " Bluidy Maokinyie, come oot if ye daur, Lift the sneck and draw the bar ! " It has been asserted that the Cromwellian forces cleared out of Scot- land a few months after the Restoration. 8 This is erroneous. An undated petition to Charles II., in 1660, from "the Noblemen, Gentlemen and Burgesses of Scotland, met at London," prayed his Majesty " that all the English forces may be removed out of Scotland, before the sitting of the Parliament, and that your Majestie employ such of your Scots subjects as you sail (sic) thinke fit for securing of the garisons and the peace of the kingdome." * In reply, the King promised to remove the forces as soon as 1 In the parish of Mauchline is a tombstone thus inscribed : — " Bloody Dumbarton, Douglas, and Dundee, Moved by the Devil and the Laird of Lee, Dragg'd these five men to Death with gun and sword, Not suffering them to Pray nor Bead God's Word ; Owning the Work of God was all their crime, The Eighty-Five was a Saint Killing Time." 9 Avondale parish churchyard has a tombstone with this epitaph : — " Here lie two martyrs severally who fell By Captain Inglis and by bloody Bell ; Posterity shall know, they're shot to death As sacrifices unto Popish wrath." * See Wodrow's Sufferings of the Church of Scotland, Vol. I. (1828 edit.), pp. 85 and 242 ; also the memoir of Sir Thomas Morgan in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. * The Lauderdale Papen (edited by Osmund Airy), Vol. I., p. 33. THEJ SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 possible. 1 It was owing to the Earl of Lauderdale's influence with the King that the four citadels built in Scotland by Cromwell, viz. — Ayr, Perth, Inverness, and Leith were ordered to be dismantled. The citadel at Ayr was given to Hugh, Earl of Eglinton as a reward for past services ; Perth to the magistrates of the town ; Inverness to the Earl of Murray ; and Leith to the Earl of Lauderdale in May, 1662. The garrisons of the three first citadels were removed about September, 1660 ; but in conse- quence of the large arrears of pay due to the English forces, 2 two Regiments of Foot and a Troop of Horse 3 were retained in Scotland, mostly at Leith, till the spring of 1662. The Mercurius Publicus of 8th-15thMay, 1662, contains the following notice: — " Leith Cittadel 4 in Scotland May 3. " Yesterday Major General Morgan drew forth his regiment of Foot consisting 1,000 proper men besides officers from the Cittadel of Leith, and made a short speech to the Officers and Souldiers, acquainting them how great a value his Majesty had of them, and what care was taken for their present supply both of money and clothes, with assurance of speedy payment of their Arrears ; that his Majesty had been graciously pleased to design them for honourable service abroad, and that he himself (who had so long commanded them in that Country) resolved to ship with them, and made no doubt of their readiness to so honorable an expedition. Whereupon not one man expressing the least unwillingness, they all with great acclamations of joy, both Officers and Souldiers cried out All, All, All, to follow him to serve their King and Countrey and so marcht back again into the Cittadel where he gave the Souldiers money to drink his Majesties Health." Before taking leave of General Morgan it will not be irrelevant to give a few details regarding the military career of this distinguished soldier, who was Commander-in-Chief of the English forces in Scotland for two years. Thomas Morgan was second son of Robert Morgan of Llanrhymny. He served in the Low Countries and under Bernard of Saxe Weimar in the Thirty Years' War. In March, 1644, we find a Major Morgan in Fairfax's Army who is described as " expert in sieges." And "one Morgan, one of Sir Thomas Fairfax his colonels, a little man short and peremptory " took part in the siege of Latham House in 1644. On 18th June, 1645, Morgan, who is described as " Colonel of Dragoons late under the command of the Lord Fairfax," was appointed by Parliament, Governor of Gloucester. In 1645, Morgan took Chepstow Castle and Monmouth ; the same year he took part in the surprise of Hereford and personally led the Horse. In conjunction with Colonel Birch and Sir W. Brereton, Morgan defeated, on 21st March, 1646, at Stow-on-the-Wold, the last Army which the King had in the field. He served also at the siege of Raglan Castle in June and July 1 The Lauderdale Papers (edited by Osmund Airy), Vol. I., p. 33. a "Proceedings in the House of Lords, 20 May, 1661, on the reading by the Lord Chan- cellor of a letter from the Parliament of Scotland to the King, when his lordship explained that the letter was referred to them because the English Troops not yet disbanded in Scotland are £30,000 in arrears, on which a conference with the Commons was ordered to consider some speedy mode of paying the same " (Lords' Journals). " Order for a Warrant to pay to Sir Thomas Morgan, Commander of the forces in Scotland, £13, 161 for a month's pay for 100 horse and two regiments of foot, 21 Feb. 1662. Cal. S.P. Dom. 3 Under date of December, 1666, is the Petition of Francis Kelly " for payment of £264 148. 2d. due to him for service in Scotland as Capfr. Lieut, of Sir T. Morgan's Troop of Horse which at his Majesty's command he transported at great expense to Portugal." Cal.llS.P. Dom. 4 Sir Andrew Ramsay, Lord Provost, was induced by Lauderdale to buy the site of Leith Citadel, for the town of Edinburgh, for £5,000. a2 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 same year. In 1651, Morgan was with Monk in Scotland, who requested Cromwell to send down a commission for Morgan to be Colonel of Dragoons. Morgan took Dunottar Castle after a three weeks' siege, 26th May, 1652, and was actively employed against Lord Glencairn and General Middleton in 1653-1654. Early in 1654, Morgan took the strong castle of Kildrummie, and on 19th July signally defeated Middleton at Loch Garry. Morgan was promoted Major-General and returned to London in the spring of 1657 whither he had been summoned by Cromwell to take part in the expedition sent to the assistance of the French in Flanders. Major-General Morgan was second in command of the English contingent at the taking of Mardyke from the Spaniards in 1657. Was wounded at the storming of St. Venant. At the battle of the Dunes, 4th June, 1658, Generals Lockhart and Morgan captured Dunkirk. Morgan subsequently served in Turenne's Army and was wounded at the taking of Ypres. He was knighted by the Protector Richard Cromwell 25th November, 1658. Rejoined Monk in Scotland and reorganised the English Cavalry in that kingdom. When Monk commenced his famous march from Coldstream to London, in 1660, Morgan accom- panied his chief as far as York. In the list of the Troops which accom- panied Monk from Scotland, we find General Morgan's Regiment of Horse and Regiment of Foot. Monk's chaplain, Gumble, thus refers to Morgan's Regiments : " Major-General Morgan's Horse : this had been sinful dragoons, but now converted into troops ; yet some turned apostates." " Major-General Morgan's Foot, which had been Daniel's, now given him for his service at this time." From York, Morgan returned to Scotland with his two Regiments. As Commander-in-Chief, Morgan took a conspicuous part in celebrating Charles II's birthday at Edinburgh, 19th June, 1660, and fired off Mons Meg with his own hand. 1 On 1st February, 1661, Charles II. created General Morgan a baronet. And when the Anglo-Dutch war broke out in 1665, the King appointed Sir Thomas Morgan Governor of Jersey, in which post he displayed the same military science and energy that had distinguished him during his long and eminent career. He is believed to have died in 1679, and was succeeded by his son Sir John Morgan, who became Colonel of the Welsh Fusiliers in 169TT 1 The account of General Morgan is chiefly taken from Professor Firth's scholarly memoir of the General in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. The following Civil War Tracts have also fur- nished information, viz. " Colonel Morgan's Letter concerning his taking the strong Gar- rison of Kildrummie from the Highlanders in Scotland ; with his Letter and Summons sent to Major Drummond, Major Drummond's Answer thereunto .... And a great Fight at Dunkill .... By J. Hill, Secretary to Collonel Morgan, 1654." " The Bloudy Field, or the Great Engagement of the English and Scottish Forces beyond Stirling ; with the manner how Major Gen. Massey's Lieu, colonel led on the Forlorn Hope against Col. Morgan and charged each other with abundance of Courage and Resolution .... 1654." "A true Relation of the Routing of Middleton's Army in Scotland, as it was presented to His Highness the Lord Protector in two Letters, one from General Monck, and the other from Col. Morgan, 1654." General Morgan's Memoirs for the years 1657 and 1658 are printed in the Harleian Miscellany (Vol. III.) but in some parts are considered apocryphal. Morgan's account of the taking of Ypres reads like truth — three half -moons covered with cannon had to be taken by assault, two were carried by the English red-coats " who threw the enemy into the moat and turned the cannon upon the town." The French were repulsed in their attack on the other half -moon. Morgan ordered his officers and men to assist their French allies. The soldiers cried, " Shall we fall on in order, or happy-go-lucky ? " Their General said, " In the name of God, go at it happy-go-lucky," and " immediately the red-coats f ell on and were on the top of it knocking the enemy down and casting them into the moat ; " the counterscarp was speedily captured, and next morning Ypres surrendered. ( 5 ) CHAPTEE II THE EARL OF MIDDLETON CAPTAIN-GENERAL OF THE FORCES 1661-1663 Parliament was opened in state by the Earl of Middleton on 1st January, 1661, and on Friday the 18th "it was agreed that a Troop of Horse be raised for guarding the Lord Commissioner and Parliament, to assist the Parliament in putting their Acts in execution against disobedient persons, which the Commissioner was desired to acquaint his Majesty with." In the Mercurius Publicus of 21st-28th March, 1661, is this notice: — "Edin- burgh, March 21. On Tuesday next the Troop which is now levying under the command of the Lord Newburgh will make their appearance at Edinburgh consisting of 120 men of good experience and known Loyalty." Thus was formed the Troop of Life Guards which eventually became the 4th (Scots) Troop of Life Guards and survived till 25th December, 1746, when it was disbanded. One of the first notable ceremonies in which the Life Guards took part was on 14th May, when the scattered limbs of Montrose — The Great Marquis — were honorably interred in St. Giles's Church. " The Militia of the City and Life Guard of Horse attended the Lord Commissioner at that solemnity." 1 The cynicism of fate decreed that Middleton should be the chief mourner at the obsequies of his quondam foe, a party of whose soldiers had, in 1645, killed Middleton's old father when the latter was sitting by his own fireside. But no one knew better than Middleton that the commander is not responsible for outrages committed by stray soldiers when out of sight of their oflicers. The protracted stay in Scotland of Sir Thomas Morgan, and his soldiers, delayed the levying of the Foot Guards till the summer of 1662. Sir James Turner, in his Memoirs, describes the origin of the Regiment : — " In August, 1662, My Lord Commissioner, the Earl of Middleton, by his Majesty's express command ordered Colonel Urry and myself to raise each of us a Company of Foot. The third the King has ordained for my Lord Clermout ; s but his father taking it upon him to be his tutor gave the companie to Major Thomsone. Shortly after, the Duke of Lenox raised a companie for Dumbarton, and the Earl of Mar another for Stirling Castle. All five marched in September to Glasgow." In addition to the five Companies of Foot Guards, Edinburgh Castle was garrisoned by an Independent Company, and Lord Middleton had his own Troop of Horse which took rank after the King's Life Guards. The 1 Mercurius Publicus, 16th-23rd May, 1661. It is recorded in the History of Hemingbrough, that one of the withered arms of the gallant Montrose, which had been exhibited, in 1650, over the gate of Perth, or Stirling, but had probably been stolen, was, circa 1748, in the possession of Mr. John Graham, a landowner in Hemingbrough parish. P. 206. " Son and heir of the Earl of Middleton. Succeeded his father in 1673 as 2nd Earl. One of the Principal Secretaries of State for Scotland 26th September, 1682, and one of the Extraordinary Lords of Session 15th July, 1684. Adhered to James VII. and was outlawed. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Military Establishment for Scotland under Lord Middleton's rigime is not forthcoming but is thus referred to, among matters of more weighty import, in " Privat Instructions to Sir Robeit Moray, which he is desired to represent humbly to the King himself," 1 as follows : " There stand charged [on the revenue] two troups of hors and 6 companies of foot : Secondly, we are informed that his Majestie signd ane establishment for those troups much greater than ever Scotland knew ... It is also informed that the pay of this Establishment will exhaust 32,000 lib stlin by year." The " instructions " to Sir Robert Moray, Scottish Secretary in London, were framed and written by Lauderdale, but signed by the Earl of Rothes who had been appointed the King's High Commissioner to the Scottish Parliament in June, 1663. The document in question made grave charges against Lord Middleton as a statesman, and culminated in his dismissal from all his high posts. The why and the wherefore of Middleton's disgrace are narrated in the following sketch of this great soldier's checkered career. 2 John Middleton, born 1619, was the eldest son of Robert Middleton of Caldhame, Kincardineshire. He began his career as a pikeman in Hep- burn's Regiment in the service of France. This fact in no way proves that he was, as has been asserted, of mean birth ; it was a common thing for young men of good family to enter the ranks of a crack Corps and work upwards. In 1639, Middleton became a Captain in Montrose's Army which made a triumphant entry into Aberdeen, 30th March, 1639. " Upon the morne," writes a contemporary chronicler, " being Saturday, they came in order of battell, well armed both on horse and foot, ilk horseman having five shot at the least, with ane carabine in his hand, two pistolls by his sydes and other two at his saddell toir (sic) ; the pikemen in their ranks with pike and sword ; the musketiers in their ranks with musket, musket staffe, bandelier, sword, powder, ball and match ; ilk company, both on horse and foot, had their Captains, lieutenants, ensignes, Serjeants, and other officers and commanders, all for the most part in buff coats and in goodly order. They had five colours or ensignes : whereof the Earl of Montrose had one, having this motto, 'For Religion, The Covenant, and the Countrie.' They had trumpeters to ilk company of horsemen, and drummers to ilk company of footmen . . . Here is to be notted, that few or none of this haill army wanted ane blew ribbin hung about his craig, downe under his left arme, which they called The Covenanters' Ribbin. But the Lord Gordon, and some others of the Marquess' 8 bairnes and familie, had ane ribbin, when he was dwelling in the town, of ane reid flesh cullor, which they wore in their hatts and called it The Royall Ribbin as a signe of their love and loyalltie to the King. In despyte and derision thereof, this blew ribbin was worne and called The Cavalier's Ribbin be [by] the haill souldiers of the army and would not hear of the royall ribbin ; such was their pryde and malice." 4 1 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 170. The document in question is dated from " Holy- rude hous, last July, 1663." ' The chief authorities for this sketch are : — " Memoir of the Earl of Middleton " in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. ; A. Biscoe's Lives of the, Earls of Middleton ; Burton's History of Scotland ; A. Cameron's Fettercairn ; Douglas's Peerage of Scotland ; Cromwell's Scotch Cam- paigns, by "W. S. Douglas ; Professor Firth's Scotland and the Protectorate ; The Lauderdale Papers, edited by Osmund Airy ; Sir George Mackenzie's Affairs of Scotland ; John Nicoll's Diary ; Pepys's Diary ; The Spottiswoode Miscellany, Vol. II. * George, 2nd Marquis of Huntly. Beheaded 30th March, 1649. * John Spalding's History of the troubles and memorable transactions in Scotland, 1624-5. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Viscount Aboyne had blockaded the Bridge of Dee to prevent the Covenanting Army entering Aberdeen. A fight took place in which the Royalist Troops were worsted. Sir John Seton of Pitmedden is said to have been slain by Middleton. " His name was Major Middleton That manned the bridge of Dee ; His name was Colonel Henderson That dung Pitmedden in three." 1 In 1642, Middleton entered the English Parliamentary Army and was made Major-General after Edgehill. Commanded a large body of cavalry at the second battle of Newbury and by his bravery contributed to the King's defeat. In 1644, when Middleton resigned his commission, in consequence of the " Self-denying Ordinance," he held the rank of Lieut.- General in Sir William Waller's Army. He then joined the Covenanting forces and was second in command to Sir David Leslie at the battle of Philiphaugh where Montrose was routed. The Estates rewarded Middleton with 25,000 merks and the command of the forces in Scotland. He pur- sued Montrose, burnt the latter's castle of Kincardine, and carried fire and sword through Aberdeenshire and parts adjacent. When Charles I. ordered Montrose to disband his forces, Middleton negotiated terms with the Great Marquis and is said to have granted better conditions than were approved of by the Assembly. In 1647, Middleton repressed a Royalist rising under the Marquis of Huntly. On 11th May, 1648, he was com- missioned Lieut.-General of Horse by the Committee of Estates, in that army composed of " Engagers," under the Duke of Hamilton, raised to rescue Charles I. from the Cromwellians, " but to keep up the Covenant." Middleton was wounded at Mauchline Moor, in June, 1648, while dispersing 2,000 extreme Covenanters who resented the Government's " Engagement " policy. He distinguished himself in action at Preston, Lancashire, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. Sent to Newcastle and imprisoned there, but made his escape. After the execution of Charles I., Middleton headed a Royalist rising in the Highlands which was unsuccessful. The General Assembly threatened Middleton with excommunication, " but having pleaded his own cause in person was allowed to sign the ' declar- ation and acknowledgment ' presented to those who had taken part in the Engagement." 2 In July, 1650, Middleton joined Charles II. in Scotland, but the former, resenting the humiliating conditions imposed upon the young monarch by the Committee of Assembly and the Estates, raised a Royalist force in the north of Scotland known in history as " The Northern Band and Oath of Engagement." This force was joined by several of the most powerful Scottish nobles with their adherents, but Cromwell's victory at Dunbar over Leslie called for united action against the invader, and the " ostracised Royalists " returned to the Covenanting fold. Charles bowed to his fate and was crowned King on the basis of the Covenants, 1st January, 1651. Middleton was "banned for Malig- nancy." He was excommunicated by James Guthrie 3 Minister of Stirling, against the advice of influential Covenanters, and did penance in sackcloth in the Church of Dundee, 11th January, 1651. 1 Scottish Ballads and Songs, edited by James Maidment, Vol. I., p. 290. a Diet, of Nat. Biog. ' James Guthrie was beheaded at Edinburgh, 1st June, 1661. His execution has been considered an act of revenge by Middleton. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 As Major-General of the Horse, Middleton distinguished himself at the battle of Worcester by driving back a wing of Cromwell's Army and was wounded. He was taken prisoner and sent to the Tower. Cromwell destined him for execution ; but Middleton escaped from the Tower, in his wife's clothes, and joined Charles II. at Paris in the autumn of 1652. The exiled monarch appointed Middleton Commander-in-Chief of the Royalist forces to be raised in Scotland. He left Paris in January, 1653, and took with him a number of blank Commissions signed by King Charles which he (Middleton) was authorised to fill in with the names of officers who joined the Royal Standard. One of these exceeding rare documents, on vellum, is still in existence. 1 Before proceeding to Scotland, Middleton went to The Hague to try and raise money from the States of Holland for his master's cause. It was not till January, 1654, that Middleton left Holland for Scotland with sixty Scots officers, ammunition, and a small supply of ready money. On his arrival, Middleton found a goodly Royalist force in arms under the Earl of Glencairn whom Middleton appointed his second in command. The combined forces fought with Monk's Troops on several occasions. But on 19th July, Middleton was defeated at Loch Garry by Colonel Morgan with the loss of his " white charger, gold, papers, and all his baggage." Middleton endured many hardships in the fastnesses of the Highlands, and in the Western Islands, before making peace overtures to General Monk in January, 1655. Monk's conditions were so hard that Middleton would not accept them for himself, and in April, 1655, succeeded in escaping to Emden on board a friendly ship. He joined Charles II. at Cologne. In 1656, and 1657, Middleton was employed by the exiled monarch on a mission to the town of Dantzic where he was to try and raise troops, arms, and the sinews of war. In this difficult task he had the co-operation of Major James Turner and other Scots officers some of whom had been in the service of Poland. We are told that " Middleton was well received at Dantzic and raised a few men, but the want of money reduced him to great straits, and he was obliged to disband them again." 2 At the Restoration Middleton returned to England on the same ship with Charles II. On 1st October, 1660, the King created this faithful soldier Viscount Clermont and Fettercairn, and Earl of Middleton by Letters Patent. The same month, Middleton was appointed Governor of Edinburgh Castle and a few weeks later Captain-General of the Forces in Scotland, also Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament. A con- temporary Scottish diarist thus refers to Middleton's rise to power : — " And heir is to be observit the singular respectis that the Kingis Majestie haid to this Erie of Middleton for his service done to the King in his troubles in raising him from a sodjer and maid him a Major [General], thairefter maid him a Lord called Fettercairne, thairefter ane Erie and now preferrit him to be his Commissioner in Parliament, quhair he wes honored of all his Majesteis subjectis for the tyme to his down cuming and attending the Parliament there wes great provision and allowance of money and apparell, horses, kotches, and other furnitour allotted. Besides he had allowit to him for his table per diem nine hundred merk Scottis." s 1 A fao-simile of this Commission is given as an illustration. The original is in the Editor's possession. a Scotland and the Protectorate, p. 342 note. 3 John Nicoll's Diary, 1650-1667, p. 311. i X ^ $ \ v. X- N ■* ~fe >5 ^ ^ 1 wl § & ,^ * s ^ v^ *. *> r if •i XX 3 1 v J X*5 v x; >; V Q "x ia Cl \^ , ^ § X .J -6 ^C V fc X .X i ■*. ■ - , ' * : ' *M v XX, I X~ 5>. s X NR r ^ J} £ M ^ X N f V -V K) x" l , 1 s^ >t M Sfc V. V X 3 K '. •.•~X-»*»i ;X?3i:, : ; , ~lx| O THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 In the autumn of 1662, Middleton made a " progress " to the West of Scotland accompanied by the Scottish forces. 1 His popularity was gone. In the exercise of his high office as Lord Commissioner, Middleton had, with the aid of his faction, engineered through Parliament the Acts of Indemnity, Billeting, and Fining. The Duke of Lennox, the Earl of Dum- fries, and Lord Tarbut were sent to the King with these Acts. Charles is said to " have thrown the Act of Billeting into his Cabinet declaring he could not follow their advice but at the same time would not betray their secret." » The Act in question was " a clause to the Indemnity Act by which twelve persons, to be selected by Ballot, should be excepted from public service." 8 Middleton had devised this plan for shelving some of his political rivals " and by unsparing corruption had succeeded in placing Lauderdale, Sir Robert Moray, and Lord Crawford among the twelve." * Lauderdale was too astute for Middleton. The former explained the purport of the Act to the King and said, " What if they billet me, sir ? " Charles answered that the billeters could not meddle with his servants. But Lauderdale told the King that he was actually billeted, and the Act was passed by the Commissioner without consulting his Majesty. 6 This was the real cause of Middleton's disgrace and not, as has been supposed, his arbitrary measures for re-introducing Episcopacy into Scotland — particularly the Act passed by him and the Privy Council at Glasgow, 1st October, 1662, " by which the clergy who refused to conform to episcopacy were deprived of their benefices." 8 This meeting of Council was named by the Glasgow citizens " The Drunken Parliament " and is thus referred to by Sir Walter Scott : — " When the Scottish Parliament met the Members were, in many instances, under the influence of wine, and they were more than ever obliged to adjourn because the Royal Commissioner (Middleton) was too intoxicated to behave pro- perly in the Chair." 7 The Sequel to the Act passed by the Drunken Parliament will be told in a subsequent chapter. Middleton resigned his Commission as Captain-General 8 5th January, 1664, and went to reside at Guildford with his friend Thomas Dalmahoy who had married the widow of William, Duke of Hamilton. Middleton was too good a soldier to be kept long unemployed. On 30th June, 1666, he was appointed Lieut.-General of all the Militia Forces in Kent and was given a Troop of Horse in 1667. The following May, Middleton was made . Governor of Tangier and Colonel of the Tangier Regiment . He died at ^ -^&. Tangier in 1673, the result of a fall downstairs. 1 " Edinburgh Agt. 4, 1662. The Lord Commissioner is gone hence towards Glascow attended with three Companies of Foot, his Guard of Horse and the Earl of Newburgh's Troupe." Mercurius Publicus, 9th-15th October, 1662. 1 The Cromarty Book, Vol. I., p. lxxxviii. 3 " Memoir of Lord Middleton " in Diet, of Nat. Biog. * Ibid. 5 The Cromarty Book, as before. On 9th September, 1663, an Act was passed by the Scottish Parliament rescinding two Acts passed the second session of the Parliament ; the one for excepting persons from public trust and the other for voting the same by billets. Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. VII., p. 471. • Burton's History of Scotland. 7 Tales of a Grandfather. 8 See copy of Middleton's letter to Charles II. resigning his military posts, in the Appendix. 10 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-16«8 Intemperance, during the latter period of his life, ruined Middleton's career and occasioned his end. He was patriotic and brave. His soldiers loved him as a commander and his officers had perfect trust in his general- ship. Captain Peter Mews, who served under Middleton in Scotland, thus refers to his General in a letter dated 4th June, 1654 : — " I do not think ever any man tooke up a game at so great disadvantage, yet he hath hitherto managed it so well, that I do not doubt the success." x This was not the verdict of an ordinary soldier but of one who had a talent for war, not only as a young man, but in his old age, when he occupied an Episcopal throne. 2 Lord Clarendon who was no mean judge of soldiers in general and commanders in particular says of Middleton : — " He was a man of great honour and courage and much the best officer the Scots had." Pepys records seeing Middleton at Rochester, with other officers, in 1666 : — " By and by came my Lord Middleton well mounted. He seems a fine soldier and so everybody says he is." Baillie, the Scottish chronicler, speaks in great praise of Middleton soon after the latter's return to Scotland as High Commissioner. And Sir George Mackenzie shrewdly observes in his remarks on Middleton as a statesman, that this nobleman's "greatest weakness was that he preferred such to offices of trust as were unfit to serve him in them, regarding therein rather their interest than his own." Sir Hugh Cholmley, 8 who was Surveyor-General for the construction of the famous " Mole " at Tangier when Middleton was Governor, has left a very appreciative account of the good work done by the latter during his term of Government : — " My Lord Middleton found Tangier very uneasy, because of the heats and disputes that were daily happening ; but being great in his quality, and accus- tomed to command, tempered his power with so equal a hand, that in a little time there was a public harmony and peace. The markets were not only left free, but with all encouragement to the traders. The castle which was almost falling his Excellency repaired so as, at an easy charge, to make it a house convenient and honourable for the character he had of Governor and General . . . He repaired York Castle, which was exceedingly ruinous, though in itself the chief magazine for powder and all stores of war, and caused the quay to be made at the water-side, for the convenient unlading of vessels and which gives an intercourse between the City and the Mole." * 1 Scotland and the Protectorate, p. 123. 3 In 1685, Peter Mews, then Bishop of Winchester, offered his coach horses and traces for bringing the Royalist guns into position at Sedgemoor ; and what is more, he assisted the commander of the King's Artillery in looking after the gunners, and directed their fire. In this service Bishop Mews was wounded in his face. At Farnham Castle is to be seen a portrait of Bishop Mews in his robes and wearing the badge of the Garter, as Prelate of the Order, with a black patch over one cheek. 3 This Yorkshire baronet visited Edinburgh in August, 1672, and was entertained at Holyrood by Lauderdale then High Commissioner. In October following, Cholmley entertained the Duke and Duchess of Lauderdale at Whitby, also the Earls of Athol and Kinghorn. Memoirs of Sir Hugh Cholmley, pp. 234-5. * Ibid., Part II., p. 78. ( 11 ) CHAPTEE III THE EARL OF ROTHES CAPTAIN-GENERAL OF THE FORCES 1664-1667 John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes, succeeded Lord Middleton as Captain- General of the Forces. The Governorship of Edinburgh Castle, which had been temporarily bestowed on Alexander, Earl of Kellie, when Middleton left Scotland in 1663, was conferred on the Earl of Lauderdale by Com- mission under the Great Seal dated 8th June, 1664. Rothes had been ■appointed Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament, 29th May, 1663, and Captain-General early in 1664. Reference has already been made to Lord Middleton's own Troop of Horse, raised in 1661, which took rank after the King's Life Guards. Middleton's Troop was disbanded at Stirling, 8th Oc- tober, 1663, by the Earls of Linlithgow and Aboyne. 1 A fortnight later, two squadrons of the Life Guards and some Foot were sent to quarter " in the parts most suspected in the West country." a In 1664 Rothes, in virtue of his high offices, was allowed to raise a Troop of 80 Horse. The original " Establishment " for this Troop is preserved among the family papers of the present Earl of Rothes,' and has been printed. 4 This Troop was designated " Troop of Life Guards under his Majesty's High Commissioner the Earl of Rothes." It is interesting to know that when this same Troop was disbanded, in 1676, the Royal Company of Archers of Scotland was instituted. The Earl of Rothes, who was born in 1630, was not what military men of the period termed " a man of service," id est an officer who had seen much war service. It is true that when Charles II. landed in Scotland, in 1650, Rothes was appointed in December of that year Colonel of the Fife Regiment of Horse, 5 and that he commanded this corps at the battle of Worcester. But he was too young to have learnt much from this short period of soldiering, and being taken prisoner at Worcester he was sent to the Tower. Rothes was a state prisoner till the spring of 1660, when he was finally released ; but for several successive years he was allowed, on giving heavy security, to repair to Scotland for several months at a time to look after his own affairs there. 6 Rothes joined Charles II. at Breda, a few weeks before the Restoration became an accomplished fact, and 1 Col. S.P. Dom. 5 The Newts, 29th October, 1663. 3 The Editor is informed by the Earl of Rothes that he has no other documents relating to the Troop of Guards. * Hist. MSS. Comn., 4th Report, p. 505. 5 Balfour's Annals. ' " Memoir " in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. 12 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 accompanied the King to England. The King and Rothes were about the same age, and the former found the latter a pleasant boon companion. Notwithstanding the fact that Rothes's father (the 6th Earl) had been a hot Covenanter, the 7th Earl was a strong Episcopalian. On the forma- tion of the new Ministry, in Scotland, Rothes was appointed President of the Council. 1 In 1662, he was sent to London " to press for the immediate establishment of episcopacy." 2 We must now refer back to the Act passed at Glasgow, 1st October, 1662, "by which the clergy who refused to conform to episcopacy were deprived of their benefices." Middleton and the King were at one in their religious views, and the former, at a meeting of the Privy Council in London, expressed to His Majesty, then present, " a decided opinion that the Scottish nation, with the recovery of royalty, would accept Episcopacy as its natural accompaniment." s In this conclu- sion Middleton was egregiously mistaken. It is stated that 350 Presby- terian ministers abandoned their benefices. 4 This may seem a small number for the whole of Scotland ; but as these outed ministers were followed by a portion of their respective congregations, who naturally resented the change of pastors; the disaffection was more widespread than the f ramers of the Glasgow Act had foreseen. To make matters worse, an Act was now passed " compelling people to attend their parish churches." & Fines were imposed, according to rank, on absentees from public worship. fr " The Mile Act " required that " no recusant minister should reside within twenty miles of his old parish, six miles of Edinburgh or any cathe- dral town, or three miles of any royal burgh." 7 These ill-advised Acts paved the way for sedition and rebellion, particularly in the West of Scotland, where the outed ministers and their followers mostly congregated. In the summer of 1665 we find Lord Rothes writing to Lauderdale on the " disarming the West." This was ostensibly for getting a supply of arms, war having broken out between England and Holland. But as Rothes was against calling in arms over the kingdom 8 it was obvious enough why the western shires were selected for disarmament. In Novem- ber of this year, Rothes made a " progress " to the West, the two Troops of Life Guards and some infantry attending him. He wrote to Lauderdale on 24th November, and gave him a somewhat sanguine view of the disaf- fection in the West. 9 " As to the dispositions of the pipill in the countrie I dear not say thay ar weall inolaynd, bot most acnoulidg I thinck thay ar uors then I did imagin, had thay anie operteunatie, I dear not answier but I judg it mor then probabell thay wold underteack [it] tho it wear desperatt anuff, bot as thay ar I du ashour you I have not the least aprehension of anie furder trubell from them then ther ciping [keeping] conventickiels, and prayfit [private] mitings . . . the treuth is, the cause of most of this trubell wie [wee] reseffe [receive] in this caynd [kind] is ocasioned by sum outied ministers against whom both counsill [Council] and 1 " Memoir " in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. 1 Bishop Burnet's History of his own Time. 3 Biscoe's Lives of the Earls of Middleton, p. 114. * Burton's Scotland. 6 Ibid. 6 Ibid. i Ibid. 8 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 222. • See Lauderdale Papers, edited by Osmund Airy, Vol. I., pp. 233-4. Rothes's orthography ^ terrible, and even his printed letters need a translation sometimes. B4 a z Q 3 O U (0 «5 u r H o a a. o ■J fe a ° u m - 3 J _ w J r o 3 =o THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 13 commission x has proved aganst, and thay have put themselffs in disgays [disguise] so as -when thay preathe thay ar in greay clos 2 and long pediuicks, and it is alegied sum of them preathies in masckes, and thes roges stirs up the uimin so as thay ar wors than deivils, yay I dear say if it wear not for the uimin uie should have litill trubell with conventickils or such caynd of stuff . . . Nou to prevent all thes trubell I have dispersed partis throu the cuntrie on[e] of hors I have sent ... to quartir in the toun of Macklien [Mauchline], and in the neu mills which is nir to it ; an other partie bot of ffut [foot] I have sent to ouruien [?] ther being no ackomodasione for hors in that pleas, and on[e] I am to send to Galaway bothe of horse and fut which I will meack als considerabell as I can, bot I delay it till I speak with the bishoup." Writing to Lauderdale on 20th March, 1666, on the subject of conven- ticles in the western shires, Rothes reports : " I have now so seperated parties up and doune through thos shyers that it will be hard for them to sture and not be catched, and I have heir sent you the doubill of the instructions which I have given to the officers commandeinge the parties." 8 Major Sir James Turner of the Foot Guards, had been appointed by Rothes to the command of the Troops in the West. There is no evidence that Turner exceeded the " instructions " he received from Rothes. 4 But certain it is that his plan of quartering his soldiers on obstinate Cove- nanters, and extorting fines from them for nonconformity, hastened the outbreak of the insurrection in November, 1666, and nearly cost Turner his life when taken prisoner at Dumfries by a party of rebels. In view of the continuation of the Anglo-Dutch War and increasing disaffection in the West of Scotland, the Government found it necessary to increase the Standing Forces in the summer of 1666. Six Troops of Horse and ten Companies of Foot were ordered to be raised. The former were to compose a Regiment under Lieut.-General Wm. Drummond, and the latter were to form a Regiment under General Thomas Dalyell. These two dis- tinguished officers had been recalled from the Russian Service by Charles II. soon after the outbreak of the war with Holland. Dalyell was now appointed Lieut.-General of the Scottish Forces, and Drummond was given the command of Major-General. Rothes as High Commissioner retained his post of Captain-General till September, 1667, but the sole command of the forces in the field was given to Dalyell, of whom more hereafter. In addition to the new levies, three Companies from Lord George Douglas's Scots Regiment (which had been recalled from France by Charles II. and placed on the English Establishment), were transferred to the Scots Foot Guards, and a Company was raised to garrison the Forts in Shetland 5 under command of Colonel Ludovic Leslie. 1 " The restoration of the Court of High Commission — that institution abhorred and dreaded both in England and Scotland — intended to attack the Covenanters." Burton's Scotland. 1 " At this period," writes the biographer of the Grahams, " the dress of the clergy was anything but uniform ; they dressed as was convenient, some wearing a green cloak, some a blue with a broadsword by their side, and some in grey." The Grahams of Inchbrakie, by Frances Graham, p. 169. 3 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 235. * Sir Robert Moray in a Letter to Lauderdale of 7th November, 1667, thus refers to the Commission given to Turner : — "It is in general termes ; one article being to exact the 20 shillings for being absent from Church, and to take such information as he thought fit when ministers did not give it." Ibid., Vol. II., p. 83. s " These forts were built against the Dutch " (Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 216 note). Before the Fentland business Rothes suggested to Lauderdale that some of the conventicle holders should be sent to Shetland to build forts. 14 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 The six Troops authorised for General Drummond's Regiment were raised in August, 1666. These appear to have been Drummond's own Troop, Dalyell's Troop, Duke Hamilton's Troop, and the three Troops com- manded respectively by Charles Maitland of Halton and the Earls of Airlie and Atholl. Between January and May, 1667, six additional Troops were raised. 1 Muster Rolls of eleven Troops, at their disbandment in Sep- tember, 1667, are given in the body of this work. Only a few of the officers who composed Dalyell's Foot Regiment are known, as there are no lists in existence of the Companies therein with the exception of Sir Wm. Bannatyne's 2 Company, taken when about to be disbanded, in September, 1667. Passing over for the present the engagement between the Royalist and Covenanting forces at Rullion Green, we find Rothes (who had returned post-haste to Scotland from London) leaving Edinburgh for Glasgow and the West 3 on 7th December, 1666, to take measures with General Dalyell, and the Council of War,* for crushing out the smouldering embers of rebellion. At Glasgow, Rothes received a letter and instructions from Charles II., and the former, writing to Lauderdale, promises a strict obedience to his Majesty's orders. 6 There is ample evidence from Rothes's letters despatched from Glasgow and Ayr, in December, 1666, that he showed no mercy to the prisoners taken after the late engagement. Some of the severities attributed to Dalyell in Ayrshire by local historians e were really instituted by Rothes himself. " I haipe eeveratie agaynst them," wrote Rothes to Lauderdale from Ayr, " and carfull uathing over them uill prevent all dangier uhich I am shur I shall go about uith all the phaculties of my soull." ' From the end of April to the beginning of July, 1667, the Scots Forces were encamped on the north and south of the Firth of Forth in view of attempted Dutch descents. General Dalyell had the supreme command of the Troops till the latter end of June, when a fresh scare, off the East Coast, so alarmed the citizens of Edinburgh and Leith, that Rothes left his important duties in the capital, and joined the Troops encamped at Cockenzie as their commander. Under date of 2nd July, 1667, the post-master at Edinburgh sent the following news to Lord Arlington's secretary : — " Sir Jeremy Smith and the privateers have taken many more prizes. The trained bands rendez voused at Edinburgh, and the magistrates were especially careful to see them well armed, and ordered all to be ready on the first beat of the drum. There were two well appointed companies of 1,000 each called mer- chant and trades' youths besides 20 companies. Leith is being fortified by 1 Under date of 2nd April, 1667, General Drummond informs Lauderdale that " The fyve new levied troops ar to be mustered and receid in pay at Kirkliston upon the 15 instant." Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 280. 2 For reasons best known to himself this officer always spelt his name Ballantyne, and is so noted in contemporary letters. See copy of a letter from this officer to Lauderdale in Part II., p. 80. 3 " Edenburgh, Dec. 8. Yesterday in the morning the Lord Commissioner according to his intentions went for Glasgow, the forces having marched two or three days before, for their better disposal into quarters." London Gazette, 1666. * According to Wodrow, Hamilton, Rothes, and Linlithgow were on Dalyell's Council of War. Vol. I. (edit. 1829), p. 81. 6 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 256. * Notably Archibald McKay, author of History of Kilmarnock. 7 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 265. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 15 planting guns. The Lord General with 2,000 foot and 500 horse lies on the watch at Cockency, between Dunbar and Leith, and the Earl of Linlithgow with like number the other side of the Forth." 1 On the 10th July, 1667, Peace was signed between England and Holland. In June, 1667, Rothes was appointed Lord Chancellor for life. This step was preliminary to his being deprived of all his other offices. The Scots Forces raised in the summer of 1666, were ordered to be disbanded in September. The Captain-Generalship was to be abolished. Dalyell and Drummond were to be relieved of their commands, there being no further occasion for their services. The Scots Army was to be reduced to its former strength ; while 20,000 Militia were to be raised as soon as practicable. On 24th September, 1667, Rothes received the Royal commands to lay down his Commission. 2 Before the close of the year he repaired to London to give an account to his Majesty of affairs in Scotland. If Rothes had any lurking hope that the King would reinstate him in the civil and military offices, of which he had been deprived, he was quickly deceived. Under date of 7th March, 1668, Sir James Turner records the arrival in Edinburgh of the Earl of Rothes, who said " he had been deprived of his Commission as Captain-General." Rothes retained the command of his Troop of Guards till February, 1676, when it was disbanded by the King's order. On 29th May, 1680, through the instrumentality of the Duke of York, he was created Duke of Rothes. Dying without male issue in July, 1686, his dukedom became extinct, but the earldom of Rothes descended to his elder daughter Lady Margaret Leslie, who became Countess of Rothes in her own right. The Duke of Rothes never had the advantages of education when young. His talents were of no mean order, and had they been properly cultivated he might have left the name of a great statesman behind him. Like Middleton he was too fond of his bottle, but, if all accounts be true, he had " an extraordinary power of withstanding the effects of liquor." Sir Robert Moray has left it on record that " Earl Rothes told me hee lyked sogeris above all other wayes of living. That he would be well pleased to have none other employment but the command of a Troop of Horse or so and that he had rather have £500 a year as a soger than £2,000 any other way." s Dying in office, as Lord Chancellor, Rothes was buried with great pomp. " His Grace died in July at his lodgings at Holyrood and the body followed by a train of coaches, was taken up to St. Giles' Church ; on the 23rd August, the great ceremonial took place when the remains were removed to the Abbey Church at Holyrood, the procession including the Nobility, Officers of State, Lords of Session, Gentlemen and Barons, the Clergy, Provost and Magistrates and Council of Edinburgh, and others too numerous to specify ; the Guards, the Earl of Mar's Regiment, and other Troops, and the whole heraldic establishment of Scotland, six Heralds, six 1 Cal. S.P. Dom. 1667 a Rothes commission 3 hands." * Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., p. 19 Cal. S.P. Dom. 1667. , , , , , , * Rothes to Lauderdale, 24th September, 1667. Has received the order to lay down his mission . . . Requests Lauderdale to express to the King his " passionat desayr to ciss his hands." Ibid., Vol. II., p. 71. -ol.il., 16 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Pursuivants, and the Lyon King of Arms in person, in his coat hearing Defunct's coat of arms, with the assistance of Sir Robert Sinclair of Stevenston and Sir Charles Erskine of Alva, Baronets. " One little hitch occurred, namely a quarrel for precedence between the surgeons and apothecaries which caused the withdrawal of the former, the decision being against them. " A line of soldiers on each side kept off the crowd. "The body was next day taken to Leith, the hearse followed by a train of coaches, and across to the church of Burntisland. Its next and final stage was to the family burial place at Leslie, attended to the last by a procession." * 1 The Genealogist, Vol. I., p. 140. GENERAL THOMAS DALYELL (See Memoir, pp. 17-28) ( 17 ) CHAPTEE IV LIEUT-GENERAL THOMAS DALYELL COMMANDING THE FORCES EMPLOYED AGAINST THE COVENANTERS 1666-1667 To any student of Scottish history it must be patent that the Covenanters' Rising in November, 1666, had nothing in it of a national character. Compare it with the popular movement in 1638 when the great majority of Scotland's inhabitants signed the National Covenant, which was the precursor of The Solemn League and Covenant of 1643. In 1639, an Army of 26,000 men, under General Alexander Leslie, took the field to uphold the form of religion which Scotland had adopted in opposition to the English liturgy that had been violently thrust upon the Scots by Charles I. This Army, which marched to Dunse Law, near Berwick, has its parallel in English history viz. " The Pilgrimage of Grace " consisting of an Army of 40,000 determined men (among whom were many Scots veterans) * who had risen, in the North of England, in defence of the old Faith against which Henry VIII. and the Reformers had dealt sledge-hammer blows. The Army of 1537 and that of 1639, carried banners with mottoes uphold- ing their respective religious tenets which were of an entirely different character. But each Army was alike in being induced to disperse by the futile promises of Henry VIII. and Charles I. Here the simile ceases, for whereas the Pilgrimage of Grace came to a sudden end, the Covenanting Army reassembled, in 1640, stronger than ever. What this Army accom- plished in England is too well known to recapitulate. From 1643 to 1651 Scotland was under the curse of ecclesiastical rule. In order to escape the thraldom of Episcopacy the Scottish nation, almost unanimously, declared for the most extreme form of Presbyterianism. The Church fabric which had been erected with infinite pains by James VI. and Charles I. came toppling down. Bishops were sent packing. Let us see what the Scots gained when they achieved the longed-for change of Church government. " Every parish had a tyrant," wrote Drummond of Balhaldy, " who made the greatest Lord in his district stoop to his authority. The kirk was the place where he kept his court ; the pulpit his throne or tribunal from whence he issued out his terrible decrees ; and twelve or fourteen . . . enthusiasts, under the title of Elders, composed his council. If any, of what quality so ever, had the assurance to disobey his orders, the dreadful sentence of excommunication was immediately thundered out against him, his goods and chattels confiscated and seized, and he himself being looked upon as actually in the possession of the devil, and irretrievably doomed to eternal perdition, all that convened with him were in no better esteem." 2 1 See chapter on " The Pilgrimage of Grace and its Sequel " in The Nolle House of Howard, Vol. I., pp. 195-226. a Memoirs of Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel, printed for the Abbotsford Club, 1842, pp. 87-88. B 18 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 Besides assuming the Church power of Pre- Reformation days, the Covenanting ministers forestalled the doctrine of infallibility and conducted themselves as men who could do no wrong. Royalists who were termed " Malignants " were not only excommunicated when in Scotland, but forbidden to return, if out of the Kingdom, by the all-powerful General Assembly. We have already seen how Middleton was excommunicated and obliged to do penance in sackcloth. And there were officers of high rank and birth in the Scots Army of 1666 who had been banned and outlawed during the Covenanting reign of terror. Viscount Kingston, who was present at Rullion Green, had been excommunicated, in 1643, by Mr. Robert Balcanqual (who was deposed from the ministry, in 1650, for being " accessorie to the divisive supplies ") in Tranent Church, along with his wife, his mother-in-law, and his sister-in-law, because they would not " subscryve the Scots rebellious covenant." * On 18th May, 1650, an Act " excluding divers persons from entering within the Kingdome from beyond seas, with his Majestie, until they give satisfactione to the Churche and Stait." (sic), was passed by the Scottish Parliament. 2 The names of " Thomas Dalzell of Binns " and " Sir George Monro " stand out in bold relief in the aforesaid Exclusion Act. 3 We must now trace the military career of General Thomas Dalyell who, at the age of sixty-seven, had been selected by his Sovereign to command the Scots Forces in the summer of 1666. This distinguished officer was son of Thomas Dalyell of Binns, Linlith- gowshire. He served as a Captain in the Earl of Morton's Regiment at the siege of Rochellein 1628. 4 For the next eleven years we have no trace of him. In 1640, Dalyell was serving under Major Robert Monro at Aberdeen. The Irish Rebellion broke out in 1641 and Dalyell accom- panied Monro to Ireland, in 1642, where the former was subsequently given the command of 2,500 Scots with the rank of Colonel. 5 The chief strong- hold of the Scottish contingent in Ulster was at Carrickfergus and this town was Dalyell's head-quarters from 1643-1648. But it is highly probable that he served under General Robert Monro in the field against Owen Roe O'Neil and at the battle of Benburb, 5th June, 1646, when the Scots were defeated by the Irish forces. A letter from Dalyell to Sir John Stirling of Keir is still extant 6 and is interesting as it records the state of the Scots Army and the punish- ment inflicted on some home-sick soldiers, at Carrickfergus, who attempted an escape to Scotland in an open boat :— " Carrickfergus, " February, 1643. " Honorable Sir. " Youers of the 23 of Januar I reseuit confessing that I am not able to requyt the smaHst of youer inumerable fauoris, not forgeting youer fauorable sensor (sic) you haue on the resons aledgit be me, for not cuming to Scotland this winter, 1 Tranent and its Surroundings, p. 65. a Balfour's Annals, Vol. IV., p. 14. 'Ibid., p. 42. 4 Cal. S.P. Dom., 1628. 6 The copy of the King's Warrant dated "8 Feb. 1642 " authorising the Scots Privy ■Council to appoint a Scottish officer Colonel over 2,500 men for the Irish Service, is among the Dalyell Papers {Hist. MSS. Comn., Report IX., Pt. II., p. 236) but it does not appear when Dalyell received the appointment. 6 MSS. of Sir John Maxwell Stirling Maxwell. See Hist. MSS. Comn., Report X ., Appx. I., p. 78. 1 F « ^ i t * NT r V ^ r- 1 VO, i K V y I i .A \ ^S s^ I .JUa ■o 3 C 8 in ■a u u •a 3 £ £ O at _' ..r _ JC—jIlL THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 27 Privy Council. A sample of Scottish credulity regarding Dalyell's supposed cruelty may be quoted here : — " The building adjoining Binns called ' The Oven ' is said to have been used by General Dalyell to roast Covenanters there ; but the oven was really required for baking bread for the Regiment of Scots Greys raised by him." 1 Many of the cruelties attributed to Montrose were libels spread by the Covenanters when the Great Marquis turned Royalist. And when Crom- well invaded Scotland it was reported that his savage soldiery would cut off the breasts of all married women. To the peasantry Cromwell was an avenging power, second only to God Almighty, and the records of a Kirk Session, in Fifeshire, contain a proof of this assertion in an awful curse by a Scotswoman against her own parish :— " God or fire," said the blas- phemer, . . . . " and ridd lows come upon the haill town as it did before, and God and Cromwell come and tak' all the town upon his back, if she were out of it," for which she had to do severe penance. Sir John Lauder (Lord Fountainhall) tells us in his interesting Historical Notices that Generals Dalyell and Drummond are popularly supposed to have introduced torture by the thumbscrew " having seen it in Moscovia." 2 Lauder's statement is an anachronism which other writers have repeated. But the learned editor of a nineteenth century edition of Wodrow's magnum opus proves that the thumbscrew was known in Britain long before Dalyell's time : — "The Council are wrong in calling the 'thumb- kins ' ' a new invention ; ' they are the same as the thumbscrews which were found on board the Spanish Armada, specimens of which are shown in the Tower of London." 3 The old saying that " it is easy to find a stick when you want to beat a dog " is exemplified in the case of another unpopular Scotsman, in a high position, whose memory has been equally traduced, with Dalyell and Drummond, in the matter of the thumbscrew : — " James, 4th Earl and 1st titular Duke of Perth is especially notorious as having added to the re- cognised instruments of torture the thumbscrew." 4 The system of torture to which the Covenanters, and other prisoners, were subjected in the reigns of Charles II. and James VII. was barbarous in the extreme and utterly inexcusable. In this respect the sufferings of the Covenanters and Cameronians are entitled to the commiseration of all true Britons. In April, 1667, Dalyell marched to Leith with his Regiment, and some Troops of Horse, a Dutch Fleet having been descried on the East Coast. Captain John Strachan, in a letter to the Navy Commissioners dated " Leith, 30 April, 1667," writes :— " Sixteen Holland men of war came to the road yesterday evening . . . The Hollanders never discovered any colours until 8 o'clock when our three men of war went up the Forth near Dungarve. The town of Leith was in a pretty labyrinth, but by good luck General Dalzell's regiment came to Leith. Mean- time the Hollanders sent in two small vessels, sounding about the bar and beacon but the wind proving southerly they went off to the road. About 8 next morning the rest, above twelve sail, were discovered turning up the Forth, but did not come above the island of Inchkeith ; the other sixteen ships went over against the town of Burntisland and played their cannon against the forts, the 1 The Annandale Family Booh, Vol. I., p. ccxxxix, note. 2 Historical Notices, Vol. II., p. 557. 8 Dr. Robert Burns's edition. Glasgow, 1829, Vol. I v., p. 33. 4 See " Memoir " of this nobleman in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. 28 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 castle of the town bravely answering them with the petty force they had. This continued until 5 in the evening. Think they shot above 700 pieces of ordnance but the damage is not certain. ... no man killed. These men of war seeing they could not prevail set sail to their consorts like so many dogs that want the tail, and are driving with the tide and wind down the Forth with their foresail on the mast." 1 Robert Mein, Post-master at Edinburgh, reported to Lord Arlington's secretary (Williamson) on 30th April, that : — " Thirty two Dutch men of war sounded the coast but General Dalzell cut the beacoD at the extreme of Leith harbour so that they were confused and battered Burntisland with a thousand shot. The town returned it with twenty pieces of cannon and in less than two hours, 10,000 men were in arms at Burntisland and many at Leith." 8 The bombardment of Burntisland is humorously referred to by Captain John Strachan in a letter to the Navy Commissioners dated from " Leith, 4 May, 1667 " : — " All the damage done by the Hollanders was that they killed a hen and a rat that had built in an old chimney." 8 The disbandment of the Scots Forces raised in 1666 was followed by Rothes, Dalyell, and Drummond, being relieved of their commands. The handful of Troops which composed the Scots Army was left without a general officer for seven years. During that time the Earl of Linlithgow, as senior officer, acted as commander. In the autumn of 1667, Dalyell went to London. The outcome of his appearance at Court was a " Letter under the Great Seal by Charles II. referring to the appointment of General Dalyell in 1666, and that he had satisfied the King by his fidelity. Therefore the King grants a full exoneration to the General of all his offices and frees him from all action and all omissions made by him while executing his Commission. Signed at Whitehall, 8 April, 1668." 4 Dalyell's sword remained in oil till July, 1679. 1 Cal. S. P. Dom., 1667. 2 Ibid. 3 Ibid. 4 Hist. MSS. Comn., Report IX., Pt. II., p. 236. George Iavingfton E arl of LinKtliQtovr From an Original bw RiWhite. (See Memoir, pp. 29-34.) ( 29 ) CHAPTER V COLONEL THE EARL OF LINLITHGOW ACTING COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF 1667-1674 When the Scots Forces, raised in 1666, and early in 1667, were disbanded, the Privy Council ordained that " the field officers of the Foot Guards should command in chief, and give orders in camp, or garrison, both to horse and foot, at home and abroad, wherever they are." George Livingston, 3rd Earl of Linlithgow, who was born in 1616, had suffered severely during the supremacy of Cromwell. At the Restoration he was made a Privy Councillor and in September, 1662, was appointed Lieut. -Colonel of the Foot Guards : then newly raised. 1 It is recorded that " Lord Linlithgow was forward in the attack at Pentland," 2 and he was one of the Privy Councillors at the Court of Commission held at Glasgow, 17th December, 1666. In May, 1667, we find Linlithgow, with part of his Regiment and some other Troops, guarding the north shore of Firth of Forth, a Dutch Fleet having been sighted off the coast. While so engaged an English frigate entered the mouth of the Forth, and landed 80 musketeers. These new-comers were found pressing Scots seamen for service on English war-ships. Lord Linlithgow, with his Company of Guards at his back, demanded from the English soldiers by whose authority they acted ; and getting no satisfactory answer sent them back to their ships without any Scots sailors. 8 In September, 1667, the three Companies which had been transferred, in the summer of 1666, from Lord George Douglas's Regiment to Lord Linlithgow's Guards were struck off the strength of the last-named corps, and were under orders to rejoin Douglas's Scots Foot in France. In consequence of not having been paid their arrears, a mutiny broke out in the ranks of these three Companies. The men refused to give up their arms or embark at Leith. Hearing of this Sir James Turner of the Guards took immediate steps to restore order. " I sent Lieut. Leviston 4 of West Quarter," writes Turner in his Memoirs, "who belonged to these mutinous Companies to tell the mutineers I was coming to hear and redresse their grievances." 5 When Turner appeared on the scene he harangued the men and promised that they should receive their pay. This had the desired effect. The three Companies were disarmed and disbanded at Burntisland. 6 The 1 See List of the Foot Guards for 1662 in Part II., p. 13, and notes thereto. 2 Robert Mein to Williamson, 28th November, 1666. Cal. S.P. Dom. 3 Capt. John Strachan to the Navy Commissioners, Leith, 9th May, 1667. Cal. S.P. Dom. 4 James Livingston of West Quarter (eldest son of Wm. Livingston styled of West Quarter from his wife's estate) who married Lady Mary Hamilton widow of Alex. 2nd Earl of Calendar. James Livingston was created a Knight Baronet by William III., 30th May, 1699. Died in November or December, 1701. Scottish Notes and Queries, Vol. II., p. 81. 5 Memoirs: p. 198. 6 Ibid. 30 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ringleaders were imprisoned by order of the Earl of Linlithgow until 7th November, 1667, when the Privy Council issued a warrant to his lordship directing him "to cause sett to liberty the persons imprisoned by him for their accession to ane late mutiny and that immediately after the departure of the French officers with the companyes levyed be [by] them." 1 On the 8th August, 1667, the Privy Council brought about a new method of paying the Troops. " Wee have this day altered the methode of paying the old troopes and companies," wrote Sir Robert Moray from Edinburgh to Lauderdale in London, " which was such a one as since Cesar's dayes was never practised in Europe, Africa, nor Asia. It was in a word this : The whole 2 troops and six old foot companies at the beginning of every quarter, used constantly to get assignments up on selected shires for three moneths pay to come. So that they were alwise so far from being in arriere that they were still payed a full quarter of a year by advance. The fitness of changing it was so represented to the officers that they acquiesced easily, being assured of good pay monethly as their pay falls due." 2 Let us see how this new system worked, and what advantage the Scots Troops derived therefrom. Two thirds of the soldiers in Colonel Borthwick's Company of Guards mutinied the beginning of November, 1670, and deserted. Captain Wish art, with a Company of the Guards, was sent in pursuit of the mutineers. 3 The outbreak was a very serious one. The Duke of Hamilton in his letter to Lauderdale, on 14th November, 1670, only voiced public opinion when he wrote : " Its generally said that the Foot have great provocations being so ill payed that they ar naked and starving." 4 The Privy Council made a searching enquiry into the why and the wherefore of the Guards' mutiny, and on 17th November, 1677, " upon consideration of the examination and declaration of the whole persons, the Committee finds that the whole Company hes bein ingaged by oath to the said mutiny, albeit 34 of them did not goe out with the rest, and these that went out did renew their oath to stand by the colours. They find that since March was a year the company hes only receaved two shillinges a weik, and that the eightein pence they want weikly of the King's pay, will amount to ten monethes pay or therby which will be resting to them." 5 The King wrote to the Privy Council :— " 22 Nov. 1670. You are to publish such of the articles of war as you think necessary to be the rules of martial law for the Foot regiment, the 2 troops of Horse, and the garrisons of Edinburgh, Stirling, and Dumbarton that mutiny may be punished and military discipline preserved." 6 Is it surprising that when ill-paid, ill-fed, and ill-clothed soldiers got the chance of pillaging and extorting money they did not always let the 1 Acts of the Privy Council, 1661-67, p. 737. 2 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., pp. 31-2. 8 Warrant from the Privy Council, dated 13th November, 1670, to Captain Wishart " who is to aid in pursuing the mutineers." This Warrant (which was recently sold at an Edinburgh auction room) was signed by the Earl of Morton, Earl of Caithness, Lord Halkerton, Lord Bellenden and Sir Robert Murray. 4 Add. MS. 23134, f ols. 142-143. Lord Linlithgow's letter to Lauderdale, 29th November, 1670, refers also to the mutiny in Col. Borthwick's Company (Ibid., fol. 151). And Borth- wick's letter to the same on 10th December, 1670, gives more details. Ibid. fol. 155. 6 Acts of the Privy Council, 1667-73, pp. 421, 422. 6 Col. S P. Dom., 1670. i u ; j. % , 75 / & 67U V / C '.&* * V Letter from the Earl of Linlithgow to the Council, 12th December, 1667 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 31 opportunity slip ? Owing to the paucity of officers, it was often found expedient to send out small parties under the command of non-commissioned officers to patrol disaffected districts in the West. There is no doubt whatever that this system of patrolling the country led sometimes to irregularities on the part of the soldiery, who tried to fill their empty stomachs and gaping purses at the houses of those who were, rightly or wrongly, suspected of being Covenanters or even harbourers of those in arms against the Government. Sir Walter Scott has admirably depicted in Old Mortality the modus operandi of Sergeant Bothwell and his party of Troopers when on patrol duty in Covenanting times. The picture is true to the life. But we have a contemporary account from the pen of ■a gallant nobleman, who was actively employed with his Troop after the Pentland business, of the misbehaviour of his soldiers when out of sight of their officers. " I told you in my last," wrote the Earl of Annandale to his cham- berlain from Newbie, 13th July, 1667, " I had sentt some of my troup to ■Galloway. This people were together [but] ar now in six and sevines robing and pillaging in the counttrey. Thay spoyle poor peoples houses, and frightts all the ministers, and that is all thay doe." 1 Excesses by the soldiery were the outcome of absolute want. We have it under General Drummond's own hand in April, 1667, that the Forces were " in great necessitie of money . . . even neer to disorder, if my Lo. Comissioner, the Generall Dalyell and Sr William Bruce 2 had not upon their particular creditts and sureties advanced a considerable supply for present releef ." 8 So scarce was hay and straw that four Troops had to be removed from the West " lest that place should totally be layd wast." 4 It ought to be some satisfaction to the Scottish nation to know that during the Anglo-Dutch war of 1666-1667 the English people were ground down by taxation and oppression of every kind ; nor was the lot of the soldier any better in South Britain than it was north of the Tweed. Here is a letter to the King bearing date 30th June, 1666, from an Englishwoman, who, for obvious reasons, conceals her name and address : — " The people are in a desperate condition ; housekeepers so oppressed with taxes that they dare not open their doors, or the taxgatherer will •carry away a bed or a dish they say a soldier may venture life or fortune and yet perish for want as many have done since the Restoration. Householders pay and soldiers are unpaid People scoff and say, • be a soldier, no ! we have precedents daily in the streets, we will fight no more, for when the war is over we are slighted like dogs.' People say ' give the King the Countess of Castlemaine and he cares not what the nation suffers.' " 5 England and France declared war against Holland, 17th March, 1672. The English Government had to face the old difficulty of raising and paying additional forces. A Regiment of 1,000 strong was raised in 1 The Annandale Family Booh of the Johnstunes, Vol. I., p. ccxi. 2 Younger son of Robert Bruce of Blairhall. Distinguished for his loyalty. Was Surveyor-General of Scotland and designed Holyrood House as it now stands. Created a Bart, by the title of Sir Wm. Bruce of Balcaskie, 21st April, 1668. Acquired the lands and barony of Kinross where he built a splendid residence. Died 1710. 8 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 279. * Ibid. ° Cal. S.P. Dom., 1665-6, pp. 477-8. " Request to Major Miller to deliver the above letter to the King for it concerns his life." Directed to " Capt. Miller at the Cockpit, "Whitehall." 32 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Ireland and sent to England for service with the Fleet. The command of this corps was given to the Duke of Buckingham. The Irish Establishment was also drawn upon for twelve Companies which were formed into a composite Regiment. 1 A Marine Regiment was likewise levied in England. Charles II. had, before war was declared, turned his attention to Scot- land. He wanted an Infantry Regiment, 1,000 strong, levied in that Kingdom, " for service wi^h the Fleet or elsewhere," and to be paid by the Scottish Treasury. Under date of 18th January, 1672, the Scottish Commissioners of the Treasury wrote to Lauderdale : — " Wee have hade under our serious consideration his Majesties proposall for haveing a regiment of 1,000 foot leavied in this kingdome, and payed by it, to serve him in England, either at sea or land. But wee find it impossible that his Ma ties revenue in this Kingdome can have that charge over and above what is already upon it." 2 Ten Companies of 100 men each were raised in Scotland by the middle of March, 1672, and Scottish officers of good family appointed thereto. The Colonelcy was left vacant till 25th July, when it was bestowed on Sir Wm. Lockhart of Lee, one of the most distinguished Scotsmen of the time. Whatever class of society Lockhart's soldiers were drawn from, it remains an indisputable fact that they mutinied, and deserted, showing a marked repugnance to foreign service. Ill luck attended this Regiment the whole two years of its existence. On arrival at Newcastle under Major Windram, the Scots soldiers were ill received by the Newcastle populace who remembered the taking of their town by General Leslie's Army in 1640 and 1644. Colonel Villiers, Governor of Tynemouth Castle and Commander of the Newcastle Garrison, had his work cut out to keep the peace. He wrote to Secretary Williamson on 2nd May, 1672, and described the difficulties of the situation in consequence of " old feuds " between the Scots and the Newcastle townsmen, " the Scotch being somewhat untemperate (sic) now they are so very flush of money." It was thought advisable to send the Scots Companies to Shields, to be shipped on colliers there for Yarmouth. On their arrival at Shields, Captain Giles Bond wrote to the Navy Commis- sioners, on 4th June : — " Many of the soldiers are Highlanders and unfit to serve the King at sea, not being able to speak a word of English." On 29th June, 1672, the ten Scots Companies embarked at Shields and landed at Harwich. Seven Companies were sent to Yarmouth and three to Ipswich. Some weeks later Lockhart's Regiment embarked for Flanders. On 28th November, 1673, Sir Wm. Lockhart, then in London, informs Secretary Williamson of his having been under the greatest persecution of ill fortune imaginable and has often had to go into the country to look after an unhappy Regiment, which first mutinied and was afterwards taken by Dutch capers, at least six Companies, and two more cast away near Rye. The capers, after pillaging the soldiers, carried some of the Officers to Holland, but put most of the private soldiers ashore in so many parts of Kent, and Sussex, that he has had all possible difficulty to re-assemble a part of them, and now on his return his Majesty tells him " he must be going to France in a few days." s In consequence of the above events, Lockhart's Regiment had to be reformed in Scotland. Under date of 9th December, 1673, the King wrote 1 Irish Army Lists, 1661-1685, by Charles Ballon, Introduction, p. xviii. 2 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., p. 222. 3 Cal. S.P. Bom., 1673-1675, p. 36. See biog. notice of Sir Wm. Lockhart in Part II. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 33 to the Duke of Lauderdale and the Privy Council of Scotland ordering " Sir W. Lockhart's regiment to be recruited to the full number of 1,2Q0 men; they were to authorise Major George Windram to levy voluntarily 900 men in addition to 200 soldiers from the Earl of Linlithgow's regiment and as the King understands a considerable number have deserted from that regiment, a great number of whom are now in Scotland, the Privy Council are directed to make diligent search for such runaways, and to have them punished according to law." ' The King also directed the Treasury Commissioners " to pay £1,001 sterling, as levy money for these recruits, to be paid out of the supply granted towards the expense of the present war." a And lastly, his Majesty directed the Earl of Linlithgow "to draw out of his regiment 200 men and embark them at any convenient place on the Forth, delivering them to such officers as Sir W. Lockhart shall appoint to receive them, and to recruit his regiment with the like number." 3 Peace was signed between England and Holland, 9th February, 1674. The new and old Lockhart levies were disbanded. During the seven years that Lord Linlithgow commanded the Forces in Scotland he exercised a firm and beneficent rule in the disaffected West. Soon after his taking over the command, the Privy Council, in their " Instructions to the Forces," state that " The Earl of Linlithgow, commander-in-chief for the time, is allowed to change the quarters of the soldiers, as he finds meet." 4 Linlithgow had already given his opinion to Lauderdale, the King's adviser, as to what steps should be further taken for securing the peace and quiet of the Kingdom, viz. " (1) That his Majesty should grant a warrand for issuing a proclamation discharging all those who had not subscribed the bond for keeping the public peace from wearing any airmes, sword, durk, whinger, or any other weapon whatsoever, or to have or keep any horses above the value of fyftie pounds scottes, after a certane day to be affixt, and that a power and warrand may be granted to all sherreiffs .... and other magistrats whatsoever to search for and to seize upon all armes, in the possession of such persons And that also by the said proclamation it may be declaired lawfull for any person whatsoever, who knows of any horses in such hands above the value forsaid, to seise thereon, bringing alwayes along with him any magistrat of burgh, or landwart, or any of their officiers .... and in ther presence making payment of the said somme of fyftie pounds scots, and in case of resistance (complaint being made to any of the magistrats f orsaids) that they cause the horse to be dely vered to the person who seised the same, without payeing any pryce therfore, and otherwayes punish him in whose hands the horse was found, in his person at ther discretion." B It is to be particularly noted in Linlithgow's suggestions, just quoted, that the Civil power alone is mentioned. It was not to be expected that the Covenanters would take kindly to any measures for securing the peace and quiet of the Kingdom. In the summer of 1668, a report was spread that the rebels in the West had again risen. The Edinburgh post-master reports : — " The Earl of Linlithgow marched horse and foot to Loudon Hill, the surmised rendez-vous of the rebels, but found not the slightest appearance of a rebellion ; the Militia being now sworn so that in twenty-four hours 20,000 men can be raised 1 Gal. S.P. Dom., 1673-1675, p. 51. a Ibid. 3 Ibid., pp. 51-52. * Privy Council Act, 9th May, 1668. * Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., pp. 96-97. c 34 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1668 without a groat of charge to the King, there is no fear of future attempts." * The Militia does not come within the scope of this work ; but the following description of some of the new-raised local Regiments by the Earl of Lauderdale, who engineered the Militia Bill through Parliament, has a special interest : — " Haiyrudehous, 12 Oct. 1669 I must give you ane account of yor militia. In little more then threttie miles I have seen six regiments of foote in very good order and well armed, and five troups of horse ; the Duke of Buccleuich's first, who was very well, both officers and sogers, and not a blew cap 2 amongst them. His troup was very well, but the Lord Newbottle's was the best manned that ever I saw Militia troup. The Earle of Roxbrough's regiment were good men and well armed but all blew caps and the officers not to brag of. The Earle of Home's was every way well, and the Lord Yester's yet better. The militia regiment of this citty was very well. But if the Militia regiment of this | Shire had not been mine, I would say they looked best because all, both musket and pikemen, were in blew coats lined with white, which made a good shew. Those six regiments you may depend on to march when and whither you please. And thogh I hope you shall not need them yet it is not amiss to have such a body ready. I shall doe my best to quicken the rest of the Kingdome." s On 19th October, 1669, the Scottish Parliament met, the Earl of Lauderdale being Lord High Commissioner. Under this date the Edinburgh post-master sends some Parliamentary intelligence to his London correspondent : — " All the Members, with lifted hands, took the Oath of Allegiance and then subscribed the declaration against the Covenant." * But there was a steadily increasing class of men chiefly in the West, " who would not even subscribe to the Lord's Prayer if asked to do so." Covenanting writers, and apologists, have much to say on the iniquitous conduct of the Government in trying to suppress conventicles. There is abundant proof that seditious language was rife at the secret meetings held by Covenanters, and that plans of a revolutionary character were freely discussed by fanatics and irreconcilables. " Our disorders now come to that height," wrote Lord Kincardine to Lauderdale, on 20th September, 1673, " that it will be very hard to curb them without some- thing be further done by the parliament My reason is that not only in all parts of the contrie privat conventicles abound, where very disaffected persons preach dangerous doctrins, 6 but in many parts very numerous field conventicles are keept, at which guards are keept by armed men , . when you are here, and that you have considered it, you may thinke it will be necessary wee have some greater force to secure our peace then [than] what wee have already." 6 Lauderdale arrived in Scotland about 1st November, 1673, as Lord High Commissioner. Following Kincardine's suggestion he advised the King to increase the Scots Army and to appoint Sir George Monro as Major-General Commanding the Forces. Lord Linlithgow resumed his post as Colonel of the Foot Guards as soon as Sir George Monro's Commission as Major- General, which was dated at Windsor Castle, 25th August, 1674, reached Scotland. 1 Robert Mein to Williamson, 22nd August, 1668. Cal. S.P. Dom., 1667-1668, p. 548. 2 " The blew bonnet was the headdress of the common Scotch soldiers of the Covenanting time .... Buccleuch's guards were probably mounted with steel headpieces." 3 Lauderdale to the King. Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., pp. 140-141. 4 Robert Mein to Williamson. Cal. S.P. Dom. 5 Not in italics in the original. [Ed.] 6 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., p. 233. ( 35 ) CHAPTER VI SIR GEORGE MONRO MAJOR-GENERAL COMMANDING THE FORCES 1674-1677 " In the wars of the 17th century," writes a biographer of the Munros and Monros, " especially in Germany, under Gustavus Adolphus, there were engaged three Generals, eight Colonels, five Lt. -Colonels, eleven Majors, and above thirty Captains, besides a large number of subalterns of the name of Munro." l Sir George Monro, third son of Colonel John Monro, of Obsdaie, Ross- shire, was born about 1602. At an early age he accompanied his uncle, Colonel Robert Monro to Sweden and served with the Scots Regiment in that country. Subsequently, he took part in the German campaign under Gustavus Adolphus and, in the absence of Colonel Robert Monro, com- manded the left wing of the Swedish Army at Lutzen, 16th November, 1632. 2 George Monro returned to Scotland after the battle of Nordlingen, where he had a very high command. "A tradition is current," writes the family historian, " to the effect that on his, Monro's, arrival at Newmore he sent for a man, Walter Innes, a sincere Christian, much given to prayer and residing at Inchnadoun. Upon Walter's appearance at Newmore Castle, George Monro asked the godly man where he was and what he had been doing on a certain date which he named. Walter at first could not remember, but after some consideration he said he was engaged all that day in his barn praying to God to protect Newmore in the battle-field and bring him scath- less out of the conflict. 8 ' I thought you were so engaged, my good man,' said Newmore, ' as all through that day, in whatever direction I turned in giving the command and directing the battle, I saw you as it were in person before me, shielding me from danger, and thank God he has an- swered your prayers, and I have returned home safe and unhurt.' " 4 George Monro accompanied Colonel Robert Monro to Ireland, in 1642, and saw much service against the Irish Rebels. After his uncle's defeat at Benburb (1646), George Monro, who commanded a small force of Cavalry and Infantry in the vicinity, made a splendid retreat " without the loss of a man." 5 In 1648, George Monro who had now succeeded his uncle Robert Monro as Major-General of the Scots forces in Ulster, was summoned by the Parliament to Scotland to take part in the Duke of Hamilton's Expedition into England. He left Ireland with a goodly force of Scottish and Irish soldiers 6 against the wish of Colonel George Monk who com- 1 Anderson's Scottish Nation, Vol. II., p. 215. 5 History of the Munros of Foulis, by Alex. Mackenzie, p. 177. 3 " Nordlingen, where the Imperialists gained a complete victory after a desperate struggle." Ibid. * Ibid. * From Major-General Robert Monro's despatch printed in Rushworth's. Historical Collections, Part IV. 6 " Three thousand veterans drawn from the Scottish Army in Ireland which joined the Duke of Hamilton at Kendal." History of the Highlands and of the Highland Clans, by James Browne, LL.D., Vol. II., p. 12. 36 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 manded the English Parliamentary Troops in that Kingdom. George Monro was not at the battle of Preston, where Hamilton's "Engagers" were so signally defeated by Cromwell, being thirty miles in the rear. Cromwell, writing to the Committee of the Lords and Commons at Derby House, thus refers to Monro :— " Wigan, 23 Aug. 1648. I am marched [marching] myself back to Preston, and so on towards Monro or otherwise, as God shall direct." Carlyle's remarks on Monro are interesting: — "Monro with the rear- ward of Hamilton's beaten Army did not march ' straight back ' to Scotland as Turner told us, but very obliquely back lingering for several weeks on the south side of the Border ; collecting remnants of English, Scotch, and even Irish Malignants, not without hopes of raising a new Army from them, cruelly spoiling those Northern Counties in the interim." 1 During Monro's absence in England the Western Whigs had risen and, marching to Edinburgh, had taken possession of the city. As a natural sequence of the " Whigamore Raid," Royalists in general and " Engagers " in particular were treated as enemies by the General Assembly and the Estates. Soon after crossing the Border, Monro joined forces with the Earl of Lanark. The former then marched to Edinburgh, but on his approaching the capital the Whigs turned the Castle guns upon him. Monro now marched westward with the intention of seizing Stirling and en- trapping the Marquis of Argyll, the Whig dictator, but this astute nobleman made his escape from Stirling, when Monro entered the town on 12th September, and reached Edinburgh in safety. Finding that Lanark and his party had made overtures of peace, and that the reinforcements he expected did not join him, Monro made terms on 26th September, 1648, with the Whig government, and disbanded most of his Troops to whom he gave a farewell address in St. Ninian's Church. After this event he returned to his command in Ireland. Monro took with him " a party of Scottish Highlanders." George Monro was knighted by the Earl of Ormonde, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, at Kilkenny, in January, 1649. 2 Monro's next important service was at the siege of Derry. From thence, in June, 1649, he besieged and captured Coleraine. " Carrickfergus surren- dered to Sir George Monro and Lord Montgomery on 4th July, 1649, and Dalyell of Binns, formerly quartered there as an officer of Robert Monro's Regiment, was appointed governor." 8 On 17th July, 1649, Sir G. Monro returned with Lord Montgomery to the siege of Derry which still held out against the Royalists. Being compelled to raise the siege, Monro retired to Coleraine of which he was Governor. The following month, Cromwell appeared in Ireland and changed the whole aspect of affairs in that kingdom. Monro was forced to evacuate Coleraine by Colonel Coote and retire to Carrickfergus. From thence he marched to Antrim and Lisnagarvey 1 Cromwell's Letters and Speeches, edited by T. Carlyle. Carlyle does not appear to have seen the old Civil War Tract, printed in 1648, a copy of which is in the Editor's possession. This tract describes Monro's proceedings in Westmoreland, &c. Allowing for great exaggeration as to the number of Monro's Troops, the tract in question is doubtless true as regards the friendliness of the Northern people to the Royalist Forces. The " reckless excesses " said to have been committed by Monro were in Scotland, where he retreated after leaving England. History of the Munros of Foulis, p. 179. * Shaw's Knights, Vol. II., p. 221. The memoir of Sir G. Monro in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. states that he was made a Knight of the Bath by Charles II., but this lacks confirmation. 3 History of the Munros of Foulis, p. 180. T H E RESOLUTION Of Major-Gencrall MONRO CONCERNING Lieutenant-Generall CRV^MwELL, and -the Englifb For- ces ; and his randezvouz ki Hexdm-Moonn Nvrihumberr- UndjNith 8000 Horle and Foo|j2t> Pieces of Ordnance^ and divers <<>ther Engines oMA^ar. And his DecU- ration at the Head of each Regtraent^tc -uching theirEngagcm<$t;Withhib/V0f .^ AlfOj a Letter ofrfie proceedings of the Prince of V V A L E S s concerning the/raifihg of new Forces to conle into Ertglandfindthe remits and proceedings of the State* of the United Provinces iortherelief.dfHis^ Highnefle,and allowing Himi 000. **K >. Gilders, per diem, ^ v# Likewife,tbe proceedings of the Kings party in the town ©frW- meutbjLeit affixing of his Highncfle.and ©ppofing the Van*- [ lument* forces 3 theiv planting of Ordftance 5 and arming the , town.As alfo,the time ofthe beginning of the Treaty, the manner thereof, and the particulars' wherein they fir ft infift on, 6000.lt, allowed to His Majefty,Horfes,Coach,and oth«t necef- fancs tojbe feat forthwith unto Him, 9lia mm 1— n . ■■ mm i 1 M „..,...■,■ — . — — i l ) ( gj Printed lot foisfa&ion of all hi* Maj«ftks loyajl f/Bbje&s c , A Facsimile of Title=page to a Civil War Tract in the Editor's possession. (See p. 36.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 37 setting fire to both these towns. On 6th December, 1649, Colonels Coote and Venables gave battle to Sir G. Monro and Lord Montgomery on the plains of Lisnagarvey at Lisnestrain, not far from Lisburn. In this engagement, which was hotly contested, Sir G. Monro commanded the Cavalry. The Royalists were completely defeated. About 1,000 men, and many officers were slain. Monro fled towards the river Blackwater " and saved himself by swimming across it, escaping to Charlemont and thence to Enniskillen." 1 In April, 1650, Sir George Monro was obliged to surrender the last-named town to Colonel Coote on favourable terms for himself and his Troops, some of whom accompanied their leader to Scotland. We have already seen in a previous chapter how the Scottish Estates passed an Act, 18th May, 1650, excluding Sir George Monro and other officers from entering within the Kingdom. 2 But this prohibiton did not deter Monro from landing in Scotland, during the summer of 1650, and joining Middleton in the North. 3 The latter was, as previously stated, at the head of the Royalists who had signed the " Northern Band and Oath of Engagement," the object of which was to rescue Charles II. from the tyranny of the General Assembly and Estates. In the autumn, Monro was taken prisoner in Galloway but escaped to Holland. When Charles II. appointed Lieut.-General Middleton to command the Royalist forces in Scotland, Sir George Monro was chosen by his Majesty to be Lieut.-General of Horse and Foot in this kingdom. Monro landed in Caithness with Middleton and Dalyell in February, 1654. Colonel Lilburn, commanding the English forces in Scotland, wrote from Dalkeith on 22nd February, 1654, to the Council of State in London: — "I have just seen a paper stating that 1,500 Highlanders with Sir George Monro, Glengarry and the Chancellor are in a body towards the north which I doubt will interrupt our other business." 4 Previous to Middleton's landing in Scotland, the Earl of Glencairn had been in supreme command of the Royalist forces. This gallant nobleman had now to relinquish the chief command, which he did in a very graceful manner. 6 The same evening Glencairn gave a banquet to Middleton and his officers. The harmony of this entertainment was entirely marred by Sir George Monro who used insulting language to his host about the latter's Highland soldiers. Glencairn gave Monro the direct lie. This led to a duel early the next morning. The meeting was kept secret only Glencairn's valet and Monro's brother 6 being present. The combatants fought mounted ; but Monro's bridle-hand being wounded the duel was finished on foot. Again, Glencairn with a stroke of his broad-sword inflicted a severe cut on Monro's brow and the blood therefrom prevented the latter continuing the fight. When Middleton heard of the duel he put Glencairn under temporary arrest and took his sword from him. The sympathy of 1 History of the Munros of Foulis, p. 182. 2 Balfour's Annals, Vol. IV., p. 14. 3 Cromwell's Scotch Campaigns, 1650-1, by W. S. Douglas, p. 158. 4 Cal. S.P. Bom. This letter is wrongly calendared under " 1653." 5 " The army being drawn up again . . . the Earl of Glencairn passed along the front of all the regiments of horse and foot, and informed all the officers and men as he went along that he had no further command now but as a private colonel, and that he hoped they should be very happy in having so noble a commander as the present general, and the officers under him : and so he wished them all well." Account of the Earl of Glencairn's Expedition, by John Graham of Deuchrie. 6 Major Alex. Monro of Lord George Douglas's Regiment of Foot in the service of France. 38 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 the Royalist officers was entirely with Lord Glencairn, as Monro was very unpopular being hot tempered and surly in manner. To use an old Scots term he was " cankered." The want of unanimity between the Highland and Lowland levies, as well as between Glencairn's and Middleton's officers, split up the Royalist forces into factions and kept them from showing a united front to the enemy. Middleton was defeated at Loch Garry. Glencairn, who was not at aforesaid action, made his own terms with General Monk, 4th September, 1654. 1 And on the 14th of the same month Robert, Viscount Kenmore and his party surrendered on favourable con- ditions. Lord Kenmore had been a popular commander among the soldiers who served in Glencairn's and Middleton's expeditions. He always had a large barrel of aqua vitce rolled before him when on the march. The soldiers facetiously called this cask " Kenmore's drum." They might have named it " Kenmore's dram "as by all accounts the Viscount drank his full share : — " They say that Lord Kenmore being drinking strong waters spoke some offensive words of General Midd[leton] insomuch that he tooke his troupe from him, and made them all sweare they would be faithfull to the King his interest, which they willinghe did, but upon a letter from Kenmore to the Generall his troupe was restored." 2 No definite information is forthcoming as to Sir George Monro's proceedings, after the defeat of the Royalist Forces at Loch Garry, till he threw up his command in December, 1654. Like many of Middleton's officers he looked on further hostilities in Scotland as quite hopeless and made terms with General Monk. Unpopular as Monro was with the Scottish Royalists, his departure gave great offence to Middleton. He was even accused of treachery which was a most ill-merited slander ; but it must be remembered that his traducer 3 was a staunch adherent of Glencairn, between whom and Monro a deadly feud existed. At the Restoration, Sir George Monro came to the front again and was chosen M.P. for Ross-shire in 1661. Being a Presbyterian, he was regarded with suspicion by the Scottish Bishops. On 3rd May, 1665, we find one of Secretary Williamson's Northern correspondents reporting that : " The honest, stout Archbishop of Glasgow thinks the securing of Colonel Robert Montgomery, Major- Generals Hoburn and Monroe, David Lesly, now Lord Newark, and some few others would do much to keep the country quiet." 4 In August following, Sir George Monro was a prisoner in the Edinburgh tolbooth where he remained for some time. So far as he was concerned, the Archbishop's suspicions of Monro being mixed up in any plot hatched by Covenanters were groundless. Monro was a firm Royalist and remained so till his death. It is recorded that "while at Carrickfergus he was asked by the Presbytery whether or not he would take the 1 Scotland and the Protectorate, p. 174. 2 Ibid., p. 171. 3 Captain John Gwynne, a Welsh officer, who had served under Glencairn, and had been with Middleton at Loch Garry. Gwynne wrote some halting lines on the absent Monro which were well received by the latter's personal enemies. Here is a sample of the poetry : — " Was not Monro amongst us ? What needs then To cite the smaller crymes of other men ? Since he so grand a traytor prov'd, as though Himself, by beat of drum, proclaym'd it so." (Gwynne's Memoirs, p. 104.) 4 Cal. S.P. Dom., 1665. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 39 Covenant and that his prompt and profane reply was : ' The devil take the Covenant and you too.' " 1 In 1669, Monro was elected M.P. for Sutherland and represented this shire till 1674 When he was appointed, on 25th August, Major-General of the Forces and Colonel of a Regiment of Foot to be forthwith levied. Monro was likewise appointed a Privy Councillor. In addition to Monro's Regiment of 800 men, two new Companies of 100 men each were to be added to the Foot Guards ; and three Troops of Horse were to be likewise raised. On 20th October same year, Lauderdale wrote to Monro : — " I have received your letter of the 10th, proposing a march through the country with the King's forces, which will be a prejudice to nobody and will conduce to the discouraging of ill humours, and will fit the officers and soldiers more for service. The King likes the proposition, and as he has given you authority to order those forces as you shall think best for his service, so he is very confident you will provide for the security of Edinburgh and Stirling, and order the forces so that in their march they may not be a burden to the country. As soon as you send up the Articles of War they shall be speedily dispatched as also the establishment." 2 By Lauderdale's advice, the King granted an " Act of Indulgence," in favour of the outed Scottish ministers, in 1669. This conciliatory policy was not so successful as was expected. But for all that Lauderdale, who was at heart a Presbyterian, adhered to his policy in order to curb the growing power of the Episcopalian party s and to set at variance the moder- ate Presbyterian ministers and the irreconcilable Covenanters. A second " Act of Indulgence " was granted in 1672. This was a half-hearted measure which did little to allay popular discontent. Conventicles rapidly increased, not only in the West but in other parts of the country. The King's forces were actively employed in the disagreeable task of suppres- sing these conventicles and arresting not only those ministers who held them but the landowners, or householders, believed to be responsible for the proscribed meetings. Much has been said by Covenanting historians about the raid on Cardross House, Perthshire, by a party of the King's Guards and their outrageous conduct on that occasion. Under existing circumstances the raid was a most regrettable incident. It was not, however, quite as bad as reported. In the Diary of Colonel John Ershine of Carnock, under the head of " Memoranda of Henry 3rd Lord Cardross," we read that :— " Towards the end of May, 1675, a party of the Guards under Sir Mungo Murray came to the house of Cardross, under night, demanding admittance but producing no order. They were admitted ; when they obliged Lady Cardross, then with child, to get out of bed, that they might search her chamber, and broke up chests and my Lord's closet off the dining room where his papers lay loose. They seized Mr. John King, a preacher, then in the house, whom the Privy Council had formerly seized but on his finding bail, had liberated." i Now this reads as if Sir Mungo Murray, a Brigadier of the King's Life Guards, had personally instigated and carried out this midnight raid ; whereas Captain John Creichton, who was a 1 History of the Munros of Foulis. 3 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. III., p. 88. A copy of the " Establishment " is given in the Appendix. 3 Dr. Alex. Burnet, Archbishop of Glasgow, was deposed for his opposition to the Act of Indulgence. 4 Diary (p. 227), published by the Scottish History Society in 1893. 40 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 " Gentleman Private" in the Life Guards in 1675, says in his Memoirs : — " I was pitched upon with a small detachment .... I went to my Lord Cardross's house .... there I took King and delivered him to the Council." 1 Lord Cardross was away from home, and his frightened house- hold were not in a state to give definite particulars regarding the leader of the party. It is also highly improbable that the midnight raiders pro- duced no order when they demanded admittance. It was not their first raid on Cardross House, and Charles II. in the following letter to the Privy Council dated " Whitehall, 22 Sept., 1674," had expressly ordered the arrest of Mr. John King: — "We were informed that by your order some of our Guards did in the house of Cardross apprehend and bring to reason one King who was set at liberty upon caution to appear .... you shall require that Lord Cardross do bring him back to Prison." 2 Lord Cardross was heavily fined for his lady having been at two conventicles kept in her own house, by her chaplain, and his lordship suffered four years imprisonment at Edinburgh. We shall hear more later on of Lord Cardross and his house, as also of Mr. John King who was rescued by some country people when being carried off to prison in May, 1675. 3 By way of stamping out conventicles the Privy Council in July, 1675, passed an Act, doubtless by Sir George Monro's advice, appointing gar- risons in certain places, viz. " at the house of Bridgehouse in Linlithgow- shire, house of Cardross in Perthshire, house of Glentirring in Stirlingshire, house of Mearns in Renfrewshire, house of Dovehill in Kinross-shire, house of Dean at Kilmarnock, in the house of bailiary of Cuningham and shire of Ayr, house of Airdrie in shire of Lanark, house of Newark in the shire of Selkirk, house of Hunthill in the shire of Roxburgh, house of Blane in the shire of Berwick, at the laird of Riddell's house in the shire of Rox- burgh, at the castle of Dumfries in the shire of Dumfries. And ordained that in ilk garrison there be a company of foot and twelve horse and that ilk two garrisons next adjacent have one Captain to command them ; and remit it to Major General Monro, as he shall find the places of the two several garrisons more or less convenient, to put the fewer or greater number in either of them, for the more conveniency : and that the general major ordain the officers to keep and remain at their respective garrisons and not leave their duty and charge, under the pain of being cashiered, &c." i One of the three new Troops of Horse, raised in August, 1674, was com- manded by George, Lord Ross of Hawkhead. We get an insight into the duties expected from the Cavalry, at this period, by a letter from Lord Ross, to Lauderdale dated from Edinburgh, 13th March, 1675 : — " Upon intelligence that on Sunday the last of ffeb y ther wes a field conven- tickle to be keeped some wher near to Bathgate a party was sent out to looke after it, who accordingly did fall in with them neare to the above mentioned place : at the first aproche of the party many who wer at the conventickle did reteare to a 1 See Creichton's Memoirs, printed 1731. 2 Printed in Henry Erskine, Ms Kinsfolk, and Times, p. 31. 8 Under date of 12th June, 1675, Charles II. wrote to the Privy Council of Scotland : — " We are informed that more effects of that seditious spirit break out afresh, and particu- larly that a party of our forces has been deforced by a riotous and tumultuous assembly near the house of Cardross, when one King was rescued from our soldiers." Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III., p. 253. * Printed by Wodrow, Vol. III. (1829 edit.), pp. 282-283. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 41 marsh ground close by wher it wes not possible for the horse to attacke them ; bot the party indevoring to aprehend some of them who wer still upon the place, in hope to have found the preacher amongst them, at the sight of which thos who at the first had flead did returne, one of them saying would they see ther breath- ring oppressed, and that thos few perjured dogs would not be a mowthful to them ; upon which he who commanded the party fownd himselfe obleadged to abandon his prisoners to defend himselfe, and at the first aproche he charged them civilly in his Maj HM name to disipat themselfs, promising no viollence showld be done to them who showld give obedience, bot the returne which they gave back wes by the firing of some pistols or other fire locks at them, with which insolens being much provocked they [the soldiers] did fire upon them backe againe, by which one of that insolent crew was kild, at the sight of which the rest did rune for it, never the les the party did bring off 15 of them prisoners who ar now in the Tolbooth of Ed r ; ther hes been a great deall of noyse made about it as if thes gentillmen had provocked them to it, and some are pleasd to call it murder which wes done, bot what ever is said I will ashewre yor Grace this is the trew and certain accompt." l In consequence of a letter from the Commissioners of the Treasury, on 11th August, 1675, to the King, the latter was reluctantly obliged to send an order to the Privy Council for disbanding Monro's Regiment and the three Troops of Horse. In the King's letter, which is subscribed by Lauderdale, directions are given for " 100 men to be drawn out of the severall disbanded Companies to be formed into a new Company which is to be added to Our Regiment of Guards." 8 The low state of the Scottish Treasury made it necessary also to disband the Earl of Rothes's Troop of Guards early in 1676. On the 27th October, 1677, the King wrote to Sir George Monro " authorising him to command in chief Our Guards and all such other Forces, both Horse and Foot, as shall be by Warrant of Our Privy Council of Scotland drawn together for opposing any Rebellion or Insurrection there," s In less than two months after this Royal letter had been written, the Earl of Linlithgow was appointed Major-General of the Forces in Scotland " in place of Sir George Monro Our late Major-General whose Commission is hereby declared void." 4 No reason is given for this change of commanders, but it was apparent enough. In view of the increase of conventicles in the West, and an expected rising, Lauderdale (who had come to Scotland as High Commissioner in the summer of 1677) had formulated a plan for bringing the disaffected shires into a state of sub- jection. " I gave ane account before," wrote Lauderdale to the Earl of Danby from Holyrood, 8th November, 1677, " what orders were given and noblemen sent for making readie a good bodie of Highlanders and others, if the phanaticks in the West should rise in armes." 6 We may take it for granted that Sir George Monro was dead against the " Highland Host " being let loose on the south-western shires where they were to have free quarters so long as they stayed. He was a really religious man, and must have viewed with horror the inevitable spoliation of countless families which had never risen in rebellion, but were supposed, rightly or wrongly, to be in sympathy with the Covenanters. Monro was superseded because 1 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., pp. 77-78. 2 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III., p. 377. 3 Ibid., Vol. IV. 'Ibid. 6 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 89. 42 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 he would not fall in with Lauderdale's cruel policy. He retired to New- more Castle his seat in Ross-shire. An anecdote has been handed down in the Monro family testifying to Sir George's merciful disposition when sent to suppress conventicles and non-conformity in Eastern Ross : — " He had a favourite dog called Inver- craig. Whenever he received instructions from Bishop Paterson to go out and disperse a conventicle, he would call the dog to his side, when he knew that Lady Monro, a sincere friend to the Covenanters, was within hearsay, but not in his presence, and addressed the dog thus : ' Good Invercraig, do you know I have got instructions from the Bishop to proceed to-morrow to (naming the place) and apprehend the men who intend to hold a meeting there to worship God, and if you like you may go and warn them that I am coming,' Lady Monro sent timely intelligence to the Covenanters, and when Sir George went to the place he found nothing, and told the Bishop of Ross he had been sent on a fool's errand." 1 In 1683, Sir G. Monro was again chosen M.P. for Ross-shire. When the Scots Army marched into England, October, 1688, Monro was appointed Major-General of the Militia in Scotland by Commission dated 24th October, 1688, and was granted a yearly pension of JE200. 2 The Earl of Balcarres has a snarl at Monro in his Memoirs, and says that " as head of the Militia, Monro knew little more of the trade than these new raised men, having lost by age, and being long out of service, anything he had learned in Charles Gustavus' days, except the rudeness and austerity of that service." 3 Balcarres, as a bigoted Jacobite, was inimical to Monro and the Presbyterian party. General Hugh Mackay, a good judge of soldiers, requested the Government, in 1690, to make Sir George Monro a Privy Councillor, and grant him a pension, " in order to help Mackay to take necessary measures for the security of the Kingdom in his (Mackay's) absence in Holland." i Sir George Monro died on 11th July, 1693, at Newmore Castle. He was M.P. for Ross-shire at the time of his death. By his first wife, Anne, daughter of his uncle Major-General Robert Monro, Sir George had a son Hugh, who succeeded to Newmore. He married, secondly, in 1649, at Coleraine, Christian, only daughter of Sir Frederick Hamilton, and sister of Gustavus, 1st Viscount Boyne. By this marriage Sir George had two sons, John who died in 1682, unmarried ; and George, who inherited the estate of Culrain. The latter's heir male ultimately succeeded to the baronetcy of Foulis. 1 History of the Munros of Foulis, p. 189. 2 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XIII. 8 Memoirs, edited by Lord Lindsay, 1841, p. 12. 4 History of the Clan Mackay, p. 460. ( 43 ) CHAPTER VII THE EARL OF LINLITHGOW MAJOR-GENERAL COMMANDING THE FORCES 1677-1679 " I doubt not but his Majestie," wrote the Earl of Atholl to the Duke of Lauderdale, " by your advice, has made a very good choice of the Earle of Linlithgoe to be Major Generall and Commander in Chiefe of all forces, horse and foott, raised or to bee raised." 1 On 1st December, 1677, we find Lauderdale writing to Viscount Granard, commanding the Irish Troops in Ulster, informing him that, in view of the " great disorders in the western shires of Scotland . . . and preparations made to take up arms against his Majesty," it was the King's wish that Lord Granard should be prepared to embark the body of Troops under his command, if called upon to do so, and land them on the west coast of Scotland. To ensure the delivery of this letter, Lauderdale des- patched Lieutenent James Maitland of the Foot Guards to Ireland where he was to wait upon Lord Granard, show him the written instructions 2 given to the bearer, and bring back his lordship's reply. Maitland lost no time on his errand and returned to Holyrood with Lord Granard's written answer which was to the effect that he had his Majesty's orders " to embark the forces now under his command and conduct them to Scotland, if so required by the Lords of his Majesty's Privy Council there . . . that the forces my Lord has here [in the neighbourhood of Belfast] are above 2,000 foot and 300 horse." 8 With a view of checking the French conquests in the Low Countries the English Parliament were in favour of an Anglo-Dutch alliance against France. Under the plea of assisting the Dutch, Charles II. obtained large subsidies from Parliament early in 1678, and was able to raise additional forces in his three kingdoms. As regards Scotland, a Troop of 60 Horse was levied by the young Marquis of Montrose at his own expense, in March, 1678, and marched to London, where it was incorporated with the Duke of York's new-raised Regiment of Horse for service in Flanders. The Lieutenant of Montrose's Troop was Patrick Graham of Inchbrakie who subsequently commanded the Edinburgh Town Guard. The Cornet was John Graham, Postmaster-General of Scotland, who got licence of absence from the Privy Council.* It is interesting to know that on 27th November 1677, this same John Graham was directed, by an order in Council, " to establish a horse post between Edinburgh and Portpatrick twice a week 1 Dated at " Tullibardine, 31 Dec. 1677." Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 98. a These " Instructions " are printed in the Calendar of the MSS of the Marquess of Ormonde, K.P., New Series, Vol. IV., pp. 72-3. 3 Ibid., p. 73. * Privy Council Acts, June, 1673— August, 1678, fo. 698. 44 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 each way . . . and was to keep a vessel to sail twice a week and back to Drogheda." l This new service was to keep the military authorities in Ireland in touch with the Scots Privy Council. Lord James Douglas was to raise a Regiment of Foot in Scotland " to be sent to England." 2 This corps was to consist of ten Companies of 100 men each. 8 It so happened that the expected alliance with the Dutch against the French did not find the same favour in Scotland as it did in England. Consequently, great difficulty was found in raising recruits for the new Douglas Regiment. The Earl of Murray writes to Lauderdale from " Whythall, May 4. 1678": — " I acquented bothe the Kinge and the Diwke withe a letter of Lord James Douglass . . . complaeninge that he could get no men in Scotland, and that y r Grace would not allow any of the standing forcis or militia to tak on withe him and insinuating as mutch as you wear [were] not so fordward for this war as when they caem for asaistans to the Frenshe." i Owing to the dearth of recruits, one Company for Lord J. Douglas's Regiment was raised in Ireland by Captain Charles Murray. This Com- pany was shipped to a sea-port on the north-west coast of England and marched by way of Kendal to the outskirts of Edinburgh where the men were to be mustered and receive their clothing. 6 Two " Companies " of Scots Dragoons (of 100 men each) were raised by Royal Warrant in May, 1678. 6 Two Highland Foot Companies were likewise ordered to be levied in September same year " for securing the peace of the Highlands." These Companies, of 150 men each, were to be accompanied to their garrison at Inverlockie, "or any other place in the Highlands or Isles," by " 100 com- manded men of the Regt. of Foot Guards." 7 On 23rd September, 1678, the King signed Commissions for the Earls of Airlie and Home, and for John Graham of Claverhouse, to be Captains of the three new Troops of Horse " to be entertained in Scotland." 8 A new " Company " of Dragoons was bestowed at the same time on Viscount Kingston ; and, last of all, a new Regiment of Foot, consisting of eight Companies of 100 men each, was levied by Charles, Earl of Mar. 9 This last-named corps still survives as the Royal Scots Fusiliers. The Scots Army had now trebled its strength. The Earl of Linlithgow made a progress through the disaffected West in the autumn of 1678. We may safely conjecture that this " displaying of the forces," as a cynical Scottish writer has termed the progress, had a deterrent effect on would-be rebels who had not yet fully recovered from the late unwelcome sojourn 1 Ormonde Papers, New Series, Vol. IV., pp. 74-5. 3 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IV. 3 Ibid. 4 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 128. s Warrant dated "Whitehall, 24 June, 1678" to Captain Charles Murray to march to Kendal and thence to near Edinburgh with his Company of 100 men ; " and that when they shall arrive within a daye's journey of Edenburgh they remaine there untill you repaire to the Duke of Lauderdale Our High Commissioner to receive his directions for quartering them as near as conveniently may be to the place where they and the rest of the Companies of the Regiment are to receive their cloths and armes." Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV. 6 Ibid. "• King's Letter to the Scottish Privy Council, 4th September, 1678. Ibid. 8 " The sons and brothers of lords and baronets and other persons of quality solicited to be made Lieuts. and Cornets in these new-raised Troops." Captain John Creichton'g Memoirs (1731), p. 43. 9 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 45 in their midst of the " Highland Host." » On 23rd October, 1678, the King wrote to Lord Linlithgow approving his services as Major-General : — " Wee have thought fit hereby to signifie to you the sense wee have of the same . . . particularly in the late expedition into the West." 2 The King gave further proof of his appreciation of Linlithgow's services by bestow- ing a pension on the latter of £300 per annum to be paid half yearly. 3 This nobleman was already in receipt of £200 per annum as Colonel of the Foot Guards, to which had been added a special pension of £100, and yearly pay of £300 as Major-General. 4 Peace was signed between Holland and France at Nimeguen in August, 1678. The English Parliament voted standing Armies illegal and the Commons requested the King to disband all the forces raised since September, 1677. Charles had to comply. He had hoodwinked the nation with the pretence of an Anglo-Dutch alliance against the French. To keep up the fiction, a strong British contingent had been sent to Flanders under the Earl of Feversham. In the meantime Charles was in receipt of a secret pension from Louis XIV. to keep England neutral. The wholesale disbandment of the new English levies did not affect the Scots Army, but Lord James Douglas's Regiment was disbanded in January, 1679, 5 having been raised for the English Establishment. On 10th December, 1678, a new form of "The Military Oath" was sanc- tioned by Charles II. and subscribed by Lauderdale. The probability is that this " Oath " was drawn up by Lord Linlithgow, in the first instance, and submitted to Lauderdale who got the King to attach his sign-manual thereto. This is it : — "CHARLES R. " I A. B. doe swear to be true and faithfull to my Soveraign Lord King Charles, and his lawfull successors, and in my Statiou to maintain the present Government in Church and State as it is now established by Law, and to oppose (to my power) the damnable principle of taking up Armes against the King or those Commissiouate by him upon any pretext whatsoever, and to be obedient in all things to his Majesty's Major Generall or Commander in Chiefe authorised by his Majesty for the time being, and will behave myself e obediently to my superior officers in all that they shall command me for his Majesty's Service ; And I doe further swear that I will be a true faithfull and obedient Souldier every way performing my best endeavours for his Majesty's Service, Obeying all Orders and submitting to all such Rules and Articles of Warre as are or shall be established by his Majesty, So help me God." 6 1 " The host of marauders," as Hill Burton calls the Northern Highlanders let loose on the Lowland shires of the West, "has been estimated in numbers varying from six to eight thousand." The "host" began its march in January, 1678 and spread over the doomed countries like a swarm of locusts. The landed gentry of Ayrshire, Dumfries-shire, &c, determined to go to Court and remonstrate against the Highland invasion. " By an Act of Council the remonstrants were prohibited from crossing the Border." But by March," the increasing outcry against the Highlanders made itself heard in Court circles and the King, wishing to prevent further disturbances, reversed Lauderdale's cruel policy and ordered the Highlanders to be dismissed to their own country. That they did not go home empty- handed is an historical fact. 2 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV. 8 Ibid., fol. 16. 5 King's Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland, 18th January, 1678. Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V. 6 Ibid. Some English readers may not be aware that the Scottish form of adjuration differs from the English. The Scots take the oath with uplifted hand and do not kiss the Testament. An anecdote is told of a Scotsman who had to be examined at an l.nghsh 46 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 To the mass of the Covenanters who had never borne arms as trained soldiers, and to whom military discipline was as odious as religious conformity, the above form of oath was merely regarded by them as an additional weapon put into the hands of their relentless persecutors by a godless Government. The last week in March, 1679, Major White's Company at Lanark got notice of a field conventicle to be held within the parish of Lesmahago. The distance being too great for infantry to march in time to disperse the meeting, Major White of Mar's Regiment sent twenty dragoons under Lieutenant John Dalyell and Ensign Duncan Menzies of his (the Major's) own Company. When the dragoons, and their leaders, came within sight of the conventicle they perceived three companies of foot, each 100 strong, drawn up in order ; also a troop of horse. Half the foot had fire-locks, the rest were armed with swords, halberds, and pitchforks. The troop of horse were well-mounted and the troopers had pistols and carbines. When the Covenanters perceived the dragoons some of their foot advanced, while their horse attempted to surround the Royalist detach- ment. The officers in charge of the dragoons ordered the Whigs to disperse in the King's name. The rebel commander answered disdainfully saying that his assembled party appeared there for the King of Heaven. He then gave the order to fire upon the dragoons who immediately returned it. Each side then charged. In this unequal contest Lieutenant Dalyell 1 was wounded in several places, one being in the groin, by a thrust from a pitchfork, and thought to be mortal. Seven dragoons were taken prisoners with the wounded officer. Ensign Menzies and the other dragoons effected their escape. " After this," writes Lord Linlithgow's correspondent, " they [the Whigs] read the Covenant to the Lieut' lying upon the ground wounded, and thereafter went to their conventicle wher ther wes fowr sermones and lectures, and at seven a clock at night they dismissed the Lieut, and the seven dragoons their prisoners bot kept their horse and armes. One of the commanders of the Whiggs foot wes knowne to be of the name of Cleland, 2 whose father lives in the toune of Douglas." 3 The rout of the little Royalist party gave fresh life to the Covenanters' cause. On 29th May, 1679, Mr. Robert Hamilton, 4 who had commanded the Horse at Lesmahago, with about three score mounted men rode into trial and was sworn according to English law. His evidence was so manifestly untrue that his counsel had the man sworn in Scottish fashion. The witness was then re-examined and told quite a different tale. Being asked afterwards by his counsel how he came to give such contradictory evidence, the Scotsman replied : " There's an unco' difference 'atween blawin' on a beuk an' sennin' ane's saul to hell ! " Notes and Queries, 10th Series, Vol. VI., p. 487. 1 See biog. notice of Lieutenant (afterwards Sir John) Dalyell in the annotations to Mar's Regiment given in Part II. 3 Covenanter, poet, soldier. Son of the Marquis of Douglas's gamekeeper. Appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the Cameronian Regiment, in April, 1689. Killed at the defence of Dunkeld, 21st August same year. 3 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., pp. 102-3. 4 Second son to Sir Wm. Hamilton of Preston, Bart. Fought at Drumclog. Com- manded the rebels at Bothwell Brig. Succeeded to the baronetcy but not to the estate. " He would not own the Prince and Princess of Orange and their prelatic Government . . . Apprehended by persecuting soldiers, 10th Sept. 1692, at Earlstoun. Remained a prisoner at Edinburgh till May, 1693. Continued faithful in contending earnestly for the faith once delivered to the Saints, Jude 3. Died at Borrowstouness 21 Oct. 1701.'' The Battle of Bothwell Bridge, &c, by Wm. Wilson, p. 113. Afrj/Eb'jMM~t*fi VoTQ i Tf*%^ tj-Jr^J- u J _J . ■ „ij. _iL>ff , y'' Letter from Claverhouse to the l From the Original at 4^ ^ t^ ./. _ Earl of Linlithgow, ist June, 1679 the B ,.r< I w*&* Sciorv 4 ! 3 if? vn-o et-y. A a. c io (Uk^ /{ ' i Us? v P 4 ft> **> tin* *W ™UA 4foh~&r<> 4%7k. -4-A»^ if toJ*c ■-a-M ifod* tJ^ JJ/^L l Clf*ria.K.4 4&f$*L efJr&iJ / / Letter from George, Lord Ross, to the Earl of Linlithgow, ist June, 1679 {From the Original in the Editor's possession) (Sec P . 47.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 47 the town of Rutherglen where bonfires were blazing in honour of the King's birthday. Hamilton's party proceeded to burn the Acts enforcing Episcopacy since the Restoration ; they then extinguished the bonfires and nailed their own " declaration " to the Market Cross. After this act of defiance the rebels and their leader rode away. When news reached Claverhouse, the same evening, of " the insolency that had been done at Ruglen," x he was on his way with his Troop from Falkirk to Glasgow to join Lord Ross. After one night's halt at Glasgow, Claverhouse marched to Hamilton where he took a few prisoners, among them being Mr. John King, late chaplain at Cardross House, who had been arrested on two previous occasions, and had twice secured his liberty. On 1st June, 1679, Claverhouse was defeated at Drumclog by a force of rebels much superior in numbers to his own. We have Claver- house's own account of the engagement ; and who is there who has not read the graphic account of the action in Old Mortality ? Let the reader of this historic novel obliterate from his mind the statement that Claver- house was an officer of the Scottish Life Guards ; also the incident relative to the flag of truce sent by the aforesaid commander to the rebels, before the fight at Drumclog commenced, as these embellishments are fiction ; but the story of the engagement itself is founded on fact. There is one humorous incident connected with Claverhouse's defeat which is worth repeating. " When Claverouse was routed at Drumclog," wrote Kirkton, " he fled [on his sorely wounded charger] past his triumphant prisoner [Mr. John King], who had been stationed in a small cabin on Loudon Hill with a Dragoon sentry to prevent his escape ; King shouted after him to stop and take the afternoon's preaching." 2 We shall meet this Covenan- ting divine again at Bothwell Bridge. His appearance at Drumclog cannot have been very clerical if the following terse description be true : — " A bra' inuekle carle wi' a white hat, and a great bob o 1 ribbons on the cock o't." 3 On 3rd May, 1679, Dr. James Sharp, Archbishop of St. Andrews, was done to death on Magus Moor, near St. Andrews, under circumstances of the greatest brutality and in the presence of his daughter. The name of John Balfour 4 of Kinloch stands out in bold relief as one of the assassins ; but what can be said for David Hackston of Rathillet who, though a gentleman by birth, sat quietly on his horse and saw the aged Archbishop killed before his eyes. As an accessory after the fact, Hackston was as guilty as his companions who committed the foul deed. Let us see how the chief historian of the Covenanters regarded this assassination : — "Upon the whole," wrote the Rev. Robert Wodrow, "though the most part of good people in Scotland could not but observe and adore the holy and righteous providence of God in the removal of this violent persecutor and spring of the most part of the former severities at such a juncture 1 Claverhouse to the Earl of Linlithgow, from Glasgow, 1st June, 1679. (Lauderdale Papers.) Facsimile given in this Vol. — [Ed.] 2 The Rev. James Kirkton's Church of Scotland, p. 439 and note. 3 Ibid. * In the Royal United Service Museum, Whitehall, is the " Bible which belonged to John Balfour of Kinloch, the Covenanter who fought at Drumclog. The first part of this Bible was torn out by Balfour to make wads for his musket." No. 253 in Museum Catalogue. 48 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688. when just upon new and violent projects, yet they could not approve of the manner of taking him off, nor would they justify the actors." Before engaging the rebels at Drumclog, Claverhouse sent a despatch to Lord Ross at Glasgow desiring assistance. Ross marched out of the town with reinforcements, but had not gone far when he met Claverhouse with some of his discomfited soldiers. A recently discovered letter 1 from Lord Ross to Lord Linlithgow, written from Glasgow on the memor- able 1st June, 1679, records the meeting between the two commanders. The attempt on Glasgow by the Covenanters is graphically described by Lord Ross in a second letter to Lord Linlithgow, written the evening of 2nd June : — "MY LORD, " This morning thes rogwes had the confidence to asawlte us about eleven a clock, the first atempt wes up the galow gait, ther nixt wes down that streat ■which comes from the head of the towne, bot I had barricaded all the 4 streits so well and lyned them with musketiers and paced dragoons behind them for a relife, keeping E[arl] Hom[e]s troope and Claverces (?) intire in a body ; in the market place owr sowldiers wer very active and we galed them so with owr shot that at last they run for it throwing down ther arms, the number of thes that ar killed I can not condesend upon as yet, the town's people hurled ther dead bodies so quickly of [f] the streit ; we have taken a great many of ther wounded men and still taking mor owt of ther howses they fled to. I blise god non of owr officers hes resaved any hurte, some few of owr sowldiers ar ill wownded two of which onlly I think shall dye. 1 know not what Jwdgment to give of this afaire bot I am swre thes wes the warmest day I saw the year, I dwrst not adventer to follow them when they run fearing ane ambush, bot so sown as they were clear away I sent the horse and dragoons to fall wpon ther reare, and they are I wot now with them at a place called Dambeth 3 myles east of this, they seam to move towards' bogl holl {sic) ; we keepe the market place still and this is owr present postore. I am your Lo. most humble servant, "ROSSE."2 Quoting from " Lord Linlithgow's account of the Rebellion," s we find that after their repulse at Glasgow the rebels retired in disorder "... about a mile from the town . . . and being a great deal more numerous, at last marched off to the town of Hamilton where they quartered that night." Linlithgow then gives an account of his own proceedings : — " Upon Wed- nesday morning I marched from Edenburgh with all the forces that were there, and did send an order to the Lord Ross to march with those that were with him at Glasgow to Sterling which accordingly he did." Lord Linlithgow has been adversely criticised, and rightly so, for his utter want of strategy in his plan for concentrating at Stirling when the fate of Glasgow hung in the balance. News of the defeat at Drumclog had reached him at Edinburgh very early on 2nd June ; and a second despatch from Lord Ross, announcing the repulse of the attack on Glasgow, reached the capital the following morning. Yet it was not till the morn- ing of 4th June that the Commander-in-Chief marched out of Edinburgh with his available forces, which must have numbered about 1,200 Regulars. This was doubtless a small body of men to face the rebels who numbered some thousands ; but there is a mighty difference between well-disciplined 1 See facsimile given in this vol. The original is in the Editor's possession. a Letter endorsed : " The Lord Rosse his letter to the Major Generall, 2 June, 1679." Lauderdale Papers, Yol. III., p. 166. 3 Ibid., pp. 167-170. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 49 Troops and a rabble led by a man (Robert Hamilton) who never had any military training. Linlithgow's force was sufficient to relieve Glasgow and hold that town (which was well provisioned) with Ross's Troops till joined by several out- lying Troops and Companies, as well as by the Militia. When Ross received his General's orders to evacuate Glasgow, and march with all his Troops to Stirling, he lost no time in obeying orders. His whole force joined the main body at Larbert, two miles from Falkirk. The King's Troops now numbered 1,800 men. " With these," wrote Linlithgow in his official account of the Rebellion, " I resolved to march towards Glasgow, to see, if possible, to make myself Master of that place before the Rebels should enter it, by which meanes we should have got refreshment for our Soul- diers, who wanted it extreamly. That night I marched to Kilsyth, where we found little or no refreshment." Linlithgow's plan to recapture Glas- gow came too late. His scouts brought him intelligence that they had seen the rebels march into Glasgow, and that they were at least 7,000 strong. Linlithgow now called a Council of War. His officers, " except three or four, 1 thought it not fitt to hazard the few standing forces his Majesty had in Scotland so unequally . . . and I acknowledge I myself was of that judgement. . . I resolved to march to Stirling that night, being the greatest pass in Scotland, and fittest place for joy ning the Northern forces. I did give the Council immediately from the place an account of what I had resolved, and desired their commands, and if they thought fitt I should engadge the enimy, I should againe march from Sterling towards them. About 7 of the clock next morning I receaved their commands to march to Edenburgh, untill the rest of the forces came up, and their approbation of what I had done." 2 Linlithgow was a good regimental officer, but he had not the advantage of Dalyell's or Drummond's experience of warfare. When the crisis came he proved vacillating and changeable. Apparently he took no steps to meet the commissariat requirements of his Troops. After two whole days of preparation in the capital of Scotland, Linlithgow was unable to make a forced march to Glasgow for lack of provisions. It was jocularly said of English soldiers during the seventeenth century, that they could not fight without their beef, their beer, and their beds ; but Scottish soldiers of that period were considered more hardy. A famous Scottish general (Lord Clyde) wished for nothing better than to fight a pitched battle with 10,000 well-fed Englishmen, 10,000 half-starved Scotsmen, and 10,000 half -drunk Irishmen ! The biographer of the Livingstons tells us that the true reason ot .Lin- lithgow's retiring to Stirling, with the Scots forces, was because " he had received a private order from the Council to delay engaging with the rebels until the arrival of the Duke of Monmouth." s If this be true, we may be sure that old Tom Dalyell was not one of the Councillors who gave this timid order "From ingles asistens mightay God deliver us" wrote Dalyell to Lauderdale in January, 1667. He was not likely to have changed i The names of these officers are not given. In the Memoirs of Viscount Dundee (1714) it is stated that Claverhouse strongly opposed LmlithgoVs retreat to Stolmg and ofioed with a thousand horse and foot to disperse the rebels or never to return himself alive. Quoted in Professor Terry's John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount Dundee, p. 64, note 3. * Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 169. » The Livingstons of Calendar, by Edwin Livingston, p. 71. 50 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 his opinion now that his valuable services as a commander were ignored and he was not employed. Nor was there any reason for the panic-stricken Council to have informed Lauderdale that more troops were necessary to crush the rebellion. When we remember Lauderdale's boast to Charles II. in 1669, that 20,000 Scottish Militia were ready to take the field when called upon to do so, it is surprising to find the Council soliciting for assistance from England. On 5th June, the Militia were named for service. Two days later the Council wrote to the Earl of Argyll, then engaged with the Earl of Caithness in the Western Highlands crushing a rebellion of the Macdonalds and Macleans, commanding him " to desentagle himself from the expedition for which he was commissionated against the rebellious people in the Highlands, to the end that he may with the greatest diligence he can repaire to his Majesty's host and join the forces under the command of the Earl of Linlithgow, with his friendis, vassallis, servantis, and followeris, weill appoynted And armed, for assisting towards the suppression of this treasonable insurrection." 1 Returning to Linlithgow and his Troops, we find them still at Edinburgh on 16th June. The "Journals of the Privy Council," under above date, contain this notice : — " Resolved that the march of the army be delayed till to-morrow, in regard of the great rains, and that some things for the amunition and the artillerie are not yet ready, and that the army march by the way of Linlithgow towards Hamilton in quest of the enemie." a And later in the day occurs this entry : — " Warrant given to the Major Generall to cause bring in cowes, oxen, sheep, and uy r [other] provisions for the use of the army and that the Commissary make distribution y of [thereof] as he shall find cause." s It is an interesting fact to know that there was a Commissary ; but his duties cannot have been heavy as Linlithgow had hardly reached his camp in Kirkhill Park near Broxburn, on the evening of 17th June (the day he marched out of Edinburgh), when he wrote to the Earl of Rothes bewailing the fact that there was no bread for the soldiers : — " My Lord, it is very sad to have so many militia regiments here, and hardly one bit of bread to eat, which if not remedied by your lordship, I leave you to judge of the event. I hope all of us here will do our duty in our stations, but men must eat." 4 When we consider that the Privy Council knew the strength of the King's forces, and of the Militia they had called out, it is truly astonish- ing to find such a lamentable want of preparation, not only on their part but on that of the Commander-in-Chief who was one of themselves. Twelve years later, it was said that William III.'s Army " conquered Ireland with the help of Cheshire cheese and biscuits." But for lack of the last-named article Scotland ran the risk of being once moreover-run by Covenanters. On 18th June, Linlithgow reports to Rothes (Lord Chan- cellor) that five Militia Regiments have joined : " We have here the regi- ments of East Lothian, the Merse, that Perthshire regiment commanded by the Marquis of Athol, the other was at Linlithgow last night and will join us this morning, the two Fife regiments, the regiment of Angus, I 1 Lord Strathmore's Book of Record, published by the Scottish History Society, p. 131. 2 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 170. 8 Ibid. d Letter given in Wodrow's Sufferings of the Church of Scotland (1829 edit.), Vol. III., pp. 99-100. t o Hi u n 01 u 5 00 00 3 "> £ •O +J c M u. o L. O c THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 51 believe, will join us in our march this day, and the militia regiment of the town of Edinburgh ... as near as I can conjecture the eight militia regiments that we have will make up about five thousand men." x On the same day that this letter was written, the Duke of Monmouth arrived at Edinburgh with his suite and was sworn a Privy Councillor. On 19th June, he joined the Army at Blackburn and took over the command from Linlithgow. Monmouth's victory at Bothwell Bridge belongs to another chapter. Linlithgow had command of the Infantry in above engagement. Shortly afterwards he accompanied Claverhouse to London to give the King an account of affairs in Scotland. Linlithgow was not again employed as a general officer; but he retained command of the Foot Guards till 1684 when pressure was put on him to resign his Colonelcy in favour of Lieut-Colonel the Hon. James Douglas (brother to the 1st Duke of Queensberry) who was given the Regiment 13th June. " Lord Linlithgow cynically remarked that he defied anyone to keep it as long as he had done, his method having been to bribe the Duchess of Lauderdale and others." 2 To make up for the loss of his Regiment Lord Linlithgow was appointed Lord Justice General. He held this high office till 14th December, 1688, when he received a curt official notice from the President of the Council ordering him " to repair to Court to attend his Most Sacred Majestie anent his necessary affaires." 3 When Linlithgow reached London he found that the King had left England for France, and that the Prince of Orange was installed at St. James's Palace. It is said that after the Coronation of William and Mary, Lord Linlith- gow joined Sir James Montgomery's plot for the restoration of James VII. 4 Be this as it may, the 3rd Earl of Linlithgow died on 1st February, 1690, and was succeeded by his eldest son George, Lord Livingston. 1 Letter given in Wodrow's Sufferings of the Church of Scotland (1829 edit.), Vol. III., pp. 99-100. 3 Fountainhall's Historical Observes, pp. 132-3. 3 See facsimile of this order. " Burke's Extinct Peerage. i>2 ( 52 ) CHAFTEE VIII JAMES, DUKE OF BUCCLEUCH AND MONMOUTH, CAPTAIN- GENERAL OF THE FORCES IN ENGLAND AND SCOTLAND 1679 James Crofts, alias Fitzroy, alias Scott, was born at Rotterdam 9th April, 1649. This child of sin, who was destined to be the plaything of the goddess of fortune, was son of Mrs. Lucy Barlow {nee Walter) and Charles II. Whatever may be said against Monmouth's mother, all con- temporary writers agree as to the extreme beauty of Mrs. Barlow's son * and to his engaging manners. His boyhood, from 1658-1662, was spent in Paris, at the Court of the Queen Mother, under the tutorship of Lord Crofts whose surname he was known by till brought to the English Court, in the train of Queen Henrietta Maria, 1st July, 1662. By Letters Patent, dated 14th February, 1663, young "James Crofts" was created Duke of Monmouth, installed a Knight of the Garter, 28th March, 1663, and, by Lauderdale's advice to the King, the little Duke was married, 20th April, 1663, to the greatest child-heiress in Scotland — Anne, Countess of Buccleuch, then aged twelve. Monmouth who now took the surname of Scott, had an assured position. He was recognised as the King's natural son and received a grant of the Royal Arms charged with the baton sinister. Monmouth and his bride were created, on their marriage, Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch in Scotland, " with remainder to their heirs male, in default of which to the heirs whatever descending from the Duke's body, succeeding to the estate and Earldom of Buccleuch." For sixteen and a half years fortune smiled almost unceasingly on this young nobleman. He basked in the King's favour. He had his own party at Court, and among the people ; he went from one high military post to another, till, in 1678, he was appointed Captain-General of the Army in England. The following year he was made Commander-in-Chief in Scotland. No one could call Monmouth a carpet knight. He had seen the sternest side of war on the Continent and was not a stranger to the deadly breach. Ignoring, for obvious reasons, the historical account of Monmouth's life, 2 printed in 1683, the Duke's war services may be briefly recorded as- follows : — He served as a volunteer under the Duke of York in the naval action of Solebay, 3rd June, 1665. When England and France declared war against Holland, in March, 1672, a British force of 6,000 men, commanded by Monmouth, was sent to France to co-operate with Louis XIVs Army in the invasion of Holland. The Duke shared in the successes gained by the combined French and British Troops, under King Louis and Marshal Turenne, against several Dutch fortresses in June. 1 " He was a lovely person." Evelyn's Diary. 2 An Historical Account of the Heroick Life and Magnanimous Actions of the most illustrious Protestant Prince James, Duke of Monmouth, 1683. r ■ , ; rb $£| : ; ; ' ■ ■ i^^PJ - Wm&L wk -'IT «■ B' 9 1 ^ I ■ ,: - £»■» - :■ ^BKSalsPilliiiiill ■-^>^--r&«il^k ■ \ ' mm HiMv. 'axVtI ' 'ililHll H 'A> m If 1 ■''■■■" Js£m " t :{ '"■? £* M ***- \ ^3h .-■"'•■ ' ■■■^ *m0*k ' ' 'tf^^^^^ : ;S ■ - ;' S »;'' '_ WssmWB8&£#k m^'- «*J ,:'-,' M:" I m ^^tti^^Tfr^^Sf'^^'f'^"'' ""-. '" *0^f -"'"'", ■ " ■ i 3 .:, -"''' ^i''.«2«S i: " -. " '1 : :'7 ;:' *>■ ■;P ' J 1 t^C'(CT/.^^':gi^ygiaM ^cSP^H ifP I If '■■" • #^' * ■ "39' '■• *; 'i' '! ' ' . ■'" ;$(«,JPJ . ^^XT* ' " 1 i •'* Y~ * ^ /if , f aa Asm t ' r "-^''-o ■''■■, §'..[*« ^i*> lff'-gl ■"%.'"' JAMES 5C0TT, DUKE OF BUCCLEUCH AND MONMOUTH (See Memoir, pp. 32-59.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 53 Further operations were stayed by the States opening the sluices and laying their country under water. In April, 1673, Louis XIV. appointed Monmouth a Lieut.-General in the French Army which invested Maestricht, 17th June, 1673. Mon- mouth was in command of 8,000 British Troops at this famous siege. It is recorded of this young nobleman that on 24th June, he led a storming party against the counterscarp which he carried with great gallantry. The following day the Dutch recaptured the outwork they had lost. But they did not keep it. Monmouth with Captain Churchill (afterwards the Great Duke of Marlborough), and twelve gentlemen privates of the English Life Guards, highly distinguished themselves in regaining, at the point of the sword, the outward half moon and counterscarp which the Dutch had recaptured from the English by a furious sally after success- fully springing a mine. 1 For this act of gallantry Charles II. bestowed on Monmouth the command of the English Regiment of Volunteer Light Horse, vacant by Colonel Sir Henry Jones having been killed during the siege. On 2nd July, this fortress surrendered and the Duke returned to London. Monmouth's rise in the British Army was very rapid. Captain of a Troop of Horse, 30th June, 1666, and " Captain of all the Guards of Horse or Life Guards of Horse ... to attend Our Person in that quality . . . 16th September, 1668." 2 Colonel of the " Royal English Regt." in the French Service, 1672, 3 and Colonel of an English Regiment of Light Horse in France, 1673. 4 On his return from the siege of Maestricht, Monmouth aspired to the Captain-Generalship of the English Army, which post had been vacant since the death of the Duke of Albemarle in 1670. The King was quite ready to give the coveted command to his son, but feared a quarrel with the Duke of York who had grown jealous of Monmouth. 5 In January, 1674, Charles II. gave Monmouth authority to act as General of the Home Forces without bestowing any Commission on his son. " MY Lord Duke is growing yet greater by an addition of home employments," wrote James Vernon (Monmouth's secretary) to Secretary Williamson on 26th January, 1674. " The Duchess of Portsmouth told him yesterday he should be Master of the Horse this week and offered to lay any wager of it ; and last week the King ordered him to have an inspection into all things relating to the forces now on foot, so that now all orders are brought to him, and he examines them and then presents them to the King to be signed. This employment has as yet no name, nor has his Grace any Commission, and all things are countersigned by Lord Arlington as before. However, it is an initiating of him into business, and he is not like to be denied anything he shall be found capable to manage." 6 To obviate the difficulty of Monmouth acting as Captain-General without any Commission, the King sent the following order to the 1 Cannon's Records of the Life Guards, p. 43. In Louis XIV's Journal of this siege is this item : — " The Duke of Monmouth acquired, at the head of the musketeers a great reputation." Quoted in Eoberts's Life of the Duke of Monmouth. 3 English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. I., p. 99. 3 A new battalion was added, a few months later, and styled the " New Royal English Regt." Ibid. Introduction, p. viii. * Ibid., p. 203. 6 The Duke of York to Colonel George Legge (on his past and present relations with Monmouth), Brussels, 7th June, 1679. Dartmouth Papers, pp. 34-5. • Cal. S.P. Dom., 1673-1675, p. 119. 54 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 respective Colonels of his Troops of Life Guards, Horse Guards, Foot Guards, and Foot Regiments : — "CHARLES R. " Wee have thought fitt that the respective Colonells, or other officers in chiefe commanding them, shall from henceforth observe such orders as they shall re- ceive from our most deare and intirely beloved sonn James, Duke of Mon- mouth . . . and that you obey such orders as you shall from time to time receive from our said deare sonn accordingly ; for which this shall be your sufficient warrant. Whitehall, 30th March, 1674. " By his Ma tiel command " ARLINGTON." i This Royal order paved the way for the Commission which Monmouth hankered after. During the winter of 1677-1678 the English Nation clamoured for an Anglo-Dutch alliance against France. Charles now saw his way to raise an Army of 20,000 men which included the British Regiments in the service of France brought home in the spring of 1678. 2 On 24th April, 1678, a Royal Warrant was signed at Whitehall, autho- rising the Attorney General (Sir Wm. Jones) to prepare a Commission appointing James, Duke of Monmouth " Captain-General of all his Majesty's Forces in England, Wales, and the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed." The Duke's Commission as Captain-General, dated 27th April, 1678, was the outcome of the above Warrant, but owing to the fact of Monmouth's secretary (by his master's order) erasing the obnoxious word " natural " in the body of the Commission, and so changing the words " to our most entirely beloved natural son " into " our most entirely beloved son," the King was obliged, in order to appease the Duke of York's anger and jealous fears, to cancel the Commission. This was done by Charles " taking up a pair of scissors and without a word clipping a piece out of his own Royal signa- ture." s Notwithstanding this little set-back, Monmouth pursued the even tenour of his command as Captain-General, but without a fresh Commis- sion, till June, 1679. 4 Another little contretemps took place in June, 1678. A report had gained ground, spread by Monmouth's partisans, that the King had secretly married Mrs. Barlow, before her son's birth, and that the marriage 1 Printed in Colonel Mackinnon's History of the Coldstream Guards, Vol. I., p. 151. It is to be noted in this Royal Letter that the King studiously avoids the word " natural " after the words " intirely beloved." 2 For lists of these Regiments on their return to England see English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. I., pp. 203, 207, 208, 222. The Earl of Dumbarton's Regiment of Foot (the present Royal Scots) came home in 1678, but there is no list of this corps forthcoming for said year. " The incident is fully narrated by Dr. J. S. Clarke in his Life of James II. (1816), Vol. I., pp. 496-7. The original Commission at the Public Record Office, proves that the space left vacant by Monmouth's erasure was cut out as well as the letters "ar" of the Royal signature. These mutilations have at some time or other, been repaired by pieces of vellum being pasted on the reverse side of the document in question. A facsimile of this cancelled and mutilated Commission is given by the Editor. 4 On 3rd June, 1679, the King signed a Warrant appointing " Our entirely beloved Cousin and Councillor James, Duke of Monmouth to be Captain-General of all our land forces in England, Wales and in town of Berwick-on-Tweed." 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(xrattii. k t ■ - S^tq niji& h)$cu<) r c4{cL - ja fcafurcjfa. 9famM The Duke of Monmouth's Commission as Captain-General of the Forces in Engl cutting out part of his {Ftu»i the Q rtgrntrrf— g — 'nient at the \cr-fiMouHiatitA fyytthiia WlCltCU tfec tx&vt (ficu.jjffit -tf frtpfbiHit cii^fa^l/xtj^th/czm {& $ii.Oux fLticifi ffait^Xc IcntiiiuL'-a 'i/j/d,.^ c/frifitiff <^{ o.li OixnSFzcro nrsKtawjc-irtf ?? < T)Alr(ri ■ Olefin n&'j)j) 1 1 mi J /icrjf'l Valll t^Jo iimf iiOi< xfcrp-iqdj-n t tic l I lj ' I'.'? H L< L >lf ?:iiA'~h) &t-(a.(?t-7x /■/?!'■ ffliUfitS fffhfu-n\ en (*>u//cr* tfi&iix {nl'fur/TOffi'ttri as tjxruJtfaJl. 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To prevent any trouble after his death, Charles made a solemn declaration that "he never gave nor made any contract of marriage nor was married to Mrs. Barlow alias Waters the Duke of Monmouth's mother." 1 In February, 1678, and again in August of this year, Monmouth was sent to Ostend with some English Troops. He had the rank of " General of the English Forces in Flanders ; " 2 while the Earl of Ossory commanded the Scots and English Brigades in the service of Holland. On 14th August the Prince of Orange gained a victory over the French in the sanguinary battle of St. Denis near Mons. The Duke of Monmouth, at the head of the British contingent, fought with the Prince of Orange's Army on this occasion and behaved with great bravery. 8 It is said that the French Commander (Luxembourg) and the Prince of Orange were both well aware, before this battle commenced, that the preliminaries of peace between France and Holland had been signed on 11th August at Nimeguen. 4 The scare of a pretended Popish plot, in the autumn of 1678, increased Monmouth's popularity among a large section of English people ; while at the same time there was a strong feeling against the Duke of York on account of his religion. For State reasons it was thought advisable for York to retire to Brussels early in 1679. Monmouth now became the tool of the faction opposed to the succession of the King's brother. According to a contemporary Scottish writer, an attempt was made at this time either to poison Monmouth or disfigure him for life : — "The Duke of Monmouth they say," wrote Hugh Maxwell from London, 29th November, 1678, to John Maxwell of Pollok, " got a letter which when opened a powder came up upon his face and nose, that with difficulty they say his face is preserved and himself not poisoned." 6 It has already been recorded in a former chapter why the Duke of Monmouth was hastily sent to Scotland, in June, 1679, to take command of the Royalist Forces. He was appointed " Captain-General of all his Maj tyea Forces already raysd or hereafter to bee raysd as well standing as Militia within his Maj'? 68 Kingdome of Scotland .... which Commission is to continue in force during his Maj*y es pleasure." 6 Monmouth's Commission was signed at Windsor Castle, 12th June, 1679, and on the same day the King signed Commissions for officers selected by Monmouth to serve in the Infan- try Regiment under the Duke's command, which corps was to form part of the English contingent to be sent to Scotland. 7 Orders had already been given for raising three Troops of Horse Grenadiers, a Regiment of Horse under Lord Gerard, and a Regiment of Dragoons under the Earl of Fever- sham. 8 An Independent Troop of Dragoons was likewise ordered to be raised in Northumberland for service under Colonel Wm. Strother. Lauderdale had informed the Scots Privy Council, by letter dated 11th June, that some Infantry and Artillery were to be sent by sea to Berwick. On 15th June, 1 Pepys's Diary (Wheatley edition), Vol. III. 2 Monmouth to Secretary Williamson from " Bruxelles, 17 Aug. 1678." S.P. Bom. s King Monmouth, by Allan Fea, p. 61. " Dr. Clarke's Memoirs of James II. It has been asserted that Marshal Soult was aware that Peace had been signed between England and France when he engaged the British Army at Toulouse, 10th April, 1814. 5 Sir "Wm. Fraser's The Maxwell Booh, Vol., II., p. 329. 6 Undated copy printed in the Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., pp. 258-260. 7 English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. I., p. 256. 6 Ibid., p. 255. 56 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Monmouth left London for Edinburgh with his Master of the Horse and secretary and arrived there on 18th, which was quick travelling. The next day the Duke took over the command of the Scottish Forces from the Earl of Linlithgow, at Blackburn, and at daybreak on 22nd July came within sight of Bothwell Bridge. Before going any further, it is necessary to point out that the account given of Monmouth's forces in Old Mortality is not in accord with facts ; we may even say that Sir Walter Scott's description is pure fiction. This great novelist says : " There were three or four regiments of English, the flower of Charles's army." Now there was not one English Regiment present at Bothwell. Scott, like several writers of the present day, thought that the Cavalry and Infantry Regiments promised by the English Govern- ment followed Monmouth to Scotland, and arrived in time to fight at Bothwell Bridge. No such thing. The scheme for sending Troops with Monmouth to Scotland fell through for lack of money. 1 The Regiments ordered to be raised in June existed only on paper. Contemporary accounts of the engagement speak of "five troops of English dragoons." 2 Captain John Creichton names "four troops" in his narrative. 8 And the King's letter to the Scots Privy Council, on 16th June, refers to measures taken by the latter, and to their having " called in Major Main [from Alnwick] with some of the English troops of horse and dragoons under his command." * It is an ascertained fact that Majors Edmund Maine and Theophilus Oglethorpe, as also Captain Henry Cornwrall, fought with their respective Troops at Bothwell Bridge and received their share of forfeiture some months after the said engagement B But the names of the other two (?) English Troops said to have been present, cannot be traced. Again, Scott tells us that " a complete train of field artillery accompanied the army." It so happens that we have the official statement of the Commander of the only " train " of Artillery attached to Monmouth's Army, and this is what he wrote : — " ARTILLERY CONCERNS humbly proposed by John Slezer, Lieut- of the Artillery " The Establishment of Artillery attenders within the Kingdome of Scotland consists only of four gunners to serve in his Majesty's Castles. I am honoured indeed with a Lieutenant's place of the Ordnance for that Kingdome. But I have neither Gunner nor no living soul to dispose on nor do I know where to find out one single man fit for that purpose when there shall be occasion for it, as did appear in the last Rebellion at Bodwell (sic) Bridge when every Governor thought to find use for his own Gunners, and that with much adoe I obtained only one Gunner to go along with four pieces of Canon (sic) besides three men that were pressed from Leith who proved very unfit for that service. 6 1 Roberts's Life of the Duke of Monmouth. 2 An exact Relation of the Defeat of the Rebels at Bothwell Bridge. Published by Authority. In the Savoy. Printed by Tho. Newcomb, 1679. 3 Captain John Creichton's Memoirs. 4 Quoted by Wodrow (Burns's edit. 1829), Vol. III., p. 100, note. ' Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. "V., under date of 27th December, 1679. 6 Ibid. Under date of July, 1680. This assertion is corroborated by a statement in Kirkton's Church of Scotland, p. 467, to the effect that the gunners in Monmouth's Army ran away, and had it not been that the bridge was " stopt with an barracade for defence " the guns might have been captured, David Leslie (son of Lord Lindores) rallied the gunners with the cry " Would they fleg for country fellows ? " is» . «g THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 57 Here we have adequate proof that there were only four guns attached to Monmouth's Army, on 22nd July, 1679, and that these cannon were badly served. The Rebels are said to have also had four guns atBothwell Bridge, one of which was thrown into the Clyde and the other three taken after the engagement ; 1 but Covenanting writers declare there was only one gun. 2 As regards the so-called " battle " it was comparatively speaking a tame affair. The Rebels were split up into rival religious factions. Their Commander (Hamilton) was an impossible person, wholly given up to fanaticism, but without the courage of the sect to which he belonged. Hackston of Rathillet, who fought with a halter round his neck, commanded the force which defended the old bridge and held it against the Royalist Troops for close on three hours. An Horatius Codes would have held this particular bridge and the houses at the foot of it, for many hours ; and so might Rathillet have done had he not run short of ammunition and his repeated messages for more powder and ball been ignored. The defenders of the bridge had perforce to quit their barri- cades and fall back upon their main body. Even then the Rebels might have inflicted very heavy loss on Monmouth's Troops as they crossed the bridge, and filed through the narrow pass on the south bank of the river. As it was, Oglethorpe and his Troop advanced too far, and being unsupported were driven back by the Rebel Cavalry to the houses at the foot of the bridge. At this juncture, Lord Livingston, at the head of 300 3 of the Foot Guards, advanced to Oglethorpe's support and the pursuing Rebels had to retreat. Monmouth then crossed the bridge at the head of the Scots Life Guards followed by the Cavalry and Infantry. The day was practi- cally won. Cavalry charges launched against the ill-disciplined mass of insurgents finished the unequal contest. To his eternal credit be it spoken, Monmouth checked the slaughter which ensued. He was afterwards blamed by Charles II. for taking prisoners. Monmouth replied : " I cannot kill men in cold blood, that is work only for butchers." * Among the 1,200 prisoners taken on 22nd July, 1679, was Mr. John King, the former chaplain at Cardross House. He was executed at Edinburgh on 14th August following. According to Captain Creichton this preacher was a highly immoral man. 6 Hackston of Rathillet made his escape after the defeat of the Rebels at Bothwell Bridge. A report was spread that his brother-in-law, John Balfour of Kinloch (one of Archbishop Sharp's murderers), had fallen in the engagement, 6 but this was not the case. On 6th July, 1679, Monmouth left Edinburgh for London. On his arrival at Court he asked the King to grant an indemnity to the Covenan- ters and liberty to hold their meetings under certain conditions. The outcome of this request was the following Royal letter to Archbishop 1 A Further . . . Account of the Total Defeat of the Rebels in Scotland contained in a letter from Edenburgh, 24th June, 1679. J Kirkton's Church of Scotland, p. 467. 8 A Covenanting writer says : "My Lord Lithgow's son came down to the bridge with about 500 red coats too." Memoirs of Wm. Veitch, p. 478. 4 Bishop Burnet's History of my Own Time. General "Wolfe, when serving as A.D.C. to the Duke of Cumberland at Culloden, is said to have made a similar reply to his chief when told to pistol a wounded Highlander after the battle. 5 Memoirs. 6 A Further . . . Account of the Total Defeat of (he Rebels in Scotland, p. 4. 58 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Leighton, who had retired from the Church in Scotland, 1674, and was then living at Broadhurst in Sussex. " Windsor, July 16, 1679 "MY LORD, " I am now resolved to try what clemency can prevail upon such in Scotland as will not conform to the government of the church there ; for effecting of which design I desire you may go down to Scotland with your first conveniency, and take all possible pains for persuading all you can of both opinions to as much mutual correspondence and concord as may be ; and send me from time to time characters of both men and things. In order to this design I shall send you a preceipt for two hundred pounds sterling upon my exchequer till you resolve how to serve me in a stated employment. Your loving friend "CHARLES R." " For the Bishop of Dumblane." 1 The Ex-Archbishop of Glasgow was then in his 68th year, and having failed, as a younger man, to reconcile the differences between Episcopalians and Presbyterians, in Scotland, he shrank from the mission entrusted to him by the King. " What were the vain disputes of angry men to him ? " remarks Leighton's biographer. However, Monmouth's disgrace in Septem- ber, 1679, set the matter at rest for ever. The Duke's suggested clemency to the Covenanters passed from the King's mind when Monmouth had retired to the Hague by his father's command. The cause of this sudden departure was the unexpected arrival in London, from Brussels, of the Duke of York, who had come over without leave from the King on hearing of the latter's sudden illness. The Court was not large enough to hold the two rival Dukes, so Monmouth was sent abroad. " On September 12 (old style) the King sent for the Duke of Monmouth," writes the latter's biographer, " and told him that circumstances required him to resign his office of Lord General, and to withdraw for a season to the continent. Monmouth appears to have been unwilling to obey the King's directions. His answer was pettish and disrespectful." 2 Returning to the Scots Army, on 19th June, 1679, Lauderdale wrote to the Lord Chancellor and the Privy Council enclosing the King's Commis- sion to General Thomas Dalyell to be Lieut.-General of the Forces in Scot- land. 8 This Commission, which was sent at the request of the Scots Privy Council, was handed to Dalyell at the Council Table on the memorable 22nd June, 1679, and he joined the Army the following day. 4 On the 1st November, 1679, the King acquainted the Scots Privy Council that he had thought fit to recall the Commission granted " by Us unto James, Duke of Buccleuch to be Generall of Our Forces in that Our ancient Kingdome .... and that Wee look upon Our Lieut. -Generall (Generall Thomas Dalzell) to be the Commander in Chiefe of all Our said Forces." 5 Monmouth was not only deprived of his post of Captain-General, in both kingdoms, but on 29th November, 1679, was succeeded by Christopher Duke of Albemarle as Captain of the Life Guards. On 1st December, the 1 Biog. Diet, of Eminent Scotsmen, originally edited by Robert Chambers : revised and continued by the Rev. Thos. Thomson. 2 Life of the Duke of Monmouth, by George Roberts, Vol. I., p. 60. 3 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. 4 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 173, where the receipt by the Council of Dalyell's Commission is mentioned. 5 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 59 Earl of Mulgrave succeeded Monmouth as Governor of Hull ; and on the last day of this eventful year the Duke's Independent Company at Hull was bestowed on Mulgrave. 1 It is quite unnecessary to follow the hapless Monmouth into exile. His return to England without the King's permission ; his plottings and schemings ; his desertion of his amiable and talented Duchess ; his neglect of his children ; his liaison with the young Baroness Wentworth — a peeress in her own right — who left her home, and sacrificed her maiden honour to share the Duke's second term of exile at Brussels ; his invasion of England ; defeat at Sedgemoor, 6th July, 1685 ; and his execution on Tower Hill nine days later. These sad events are well-known historical facts. In some respects, there was a strange similarity between the half-educated Duke of Monmouth and the highly-accomplished Mary, Queen of Scots. Each was endowed by nature with the fatal fascination of good looks coupled with captivating manners. Each was a devotee of pleasure so long as circum- stances permitted. The one set the fashion of head-dress in Scotland ; while the other's cock of his hat long survived in the West of England. 2 Each was made the rallying centre of a religious party for political purposes. Both lacked sincerity, and were strangers to what Virgil calls the mens conacia recti. 1 English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. I., pp. 265-6. a " The Monmouth cook was still worn by country squires in the Western Counties, 1711." Pepys's Diary (Wheatley edition), Vol. VI., p. 349 and note. ( 60 ) CHAPTEK IX LIEUT.-GENERAL DALYELL COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE FORCES 1st NOVEMBER, 1679— 23rd AUGUST, 1685. When Monmouth's Commission as Captain-General was re-called, in September, 1679, Dalyell became de jure Commander-in-Chief in Scotland. " Wee looke upom our Lieutenant Generall, (Generall Thos. Dalzell) " wrote the King to the Scottish Council, 1st November, 1679, " to be the Commander in Chiefe of all our said Forces." x In sporting parlance "the old jockey was up again and expected to ride." A contemporary writer records that Dalyell's Commission, which reached Edinburgh 6th Novem- ber, 1679, empowered him " only to be liable and accountable to, and judgeable by, his Majesty himself." 2 Dalyell had also been appointed " a Commissioner of Justiciary, with the advice of nine others, to execute justice on the Bothwell Bridge rebels." s On 8th November, Lauderdale wrote to Dalyell, by the King's com- mand, directing that " the Troop of Life Guards, and two Companies of Foot Guards, were to wait upon his Royal Highness the Duke of Albany and York as his Guard during his stay in Scotland." i One of the charges of cruelty made against Dalyell, was that he had found a sentry asleep at the gate of Holyrood, when the Duke of York passed the Abbey, in 1681, and had ordered him to be shot. The sentence was remitted at the Duke's special request. One of the "Articles of War for the Government of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland, 1667," was as follows : — " Whatsoever Sentinell or Pardue shal be found sleeping upon Duty, shall die." A hundred years later the penalty for this offence seems to have been the same. 6 1 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. a Fountainhall's Historical Notices, Vol. I., p. 243. The Commission in question is not among the Dalyell papers. 8 Ibid., p. 264. 4 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. 6 An anecdote is told of General Eliott (afterwards Lord Heathfield): — "During the siege of Gibraltar, it was customary with the General to take his nightly rounds in order to see that all was safe, and the sentinels alert on duty. One night ... he came upon a sentry who, overcome with fatigue, was fast asleep with his firelock in his arms. The General clapped him on the shoulder, and raising him, said, ' Thank God, General Eliott awoke you.' The poor fellow, almost petrified with astonishment, dropped his arms and fell down ; the General, however, walked on, first desiring him to be more careful. The soldier expected death as his punishment, and dreaded the dawn of day which he supposed would usher him to a court-martial. Fortunately for him, however, the General did not mention the circumstance or take further notice of it." The Annals of a Border Club, by Captain George Tancred, late Scots Greys, p. 174. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 The defeat of the Covenanters at Bothwell Bridge broke the back of open rebellion. Many of the prisoners escaped the scaffold and trans- portation by accepting, under certain conditions, the Indemnity offered to them by the King. This Indemnity was extended to 3rd January, 1680, and at its expiration the Cameronians stood out in bold relief as the force to be reckoned with. On 22nd June, 1680, Richard Cameron, with a small armed party, entered the town of Sanquhar, in Dumfries-shire, and publicly read a declaration disowning Charles Stuart as King. The gaunt- let of defiance was thus thrown down in the face of the Government and the Army. Four weeks later, Bruce of Earl's Hall, Claverhouse's Lieutenant, with a party of Horse surprised Richard Cameron and his fol- lowers at Airds Moss, in the parish of Auchinleck in Kyle, and defeated them. Cameron was killed on the spot. Hackston of Rathillet was taken prisoner ; while Donald Cargill escaped for a time. Hackston was brought before Dalyell and Lord Ross, and then sent to Edinburgh for trial. He was executed as he well deserved, but the barbarous torture inflicted on Hackston leaves an indelible blot on Scottish justice. In the old churchyard at Cupar is a tombstone inscribed with the names of three sufferers for the Covenant, one of them being Hackston of Rath- illet " a hand belonging to whom is interred thereunder." * In July, 1681, a party of Captain Stuart's Troop captured the Rev. Donald Cargill, who had the courage of his opinions. One of the witnesses against him was Archibald Stewart, in Borrowstoness, who confessed that " he was a rebel at Airdmoss with Mr. Cameron and had a sword and two pistols ... he had been frequently with Mr. Cargill and was present at the excommunication of the King and his Royal Highness, the Lord Chancellor [Rothes], the Earl of Linlithgow, General Dalzel, and the King's Advocate [Mackenzie], at the Conventicle at Torwood, and he himself was there in arms." 2 Cargill was executed in July, 1681. On 24th March, 1681, the King wrote from Oxford to the Scottish Council, ordering two new Companies to be raised for the Earl of Mar's Regiment, which were to take the place of the two " Companies of Highlandmen " now ordered to be disbanded. 3 In the summer of this year the Duke of York returned to Scotland as High Commissioner. Dalyell found the Duke keenly interested in military matters, and it was doubtless owing to the former's representations to His Royal Highness that the idea of forming a National Regiment of Dragoons was in the first instance due. On 25th November, 1681, the King wrote to the Duke of York concerning " His Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland whereof Lieut-General Dalyell is appointed Colonel." 4 The composition of this new corps (the present historic Scots Greys) and the names of the officers appointed thereto are recorded in Part II. of this Volume. It only remains therefore to say here that Dalyell raised, organised, and commanded this Regiment from the end of 1681 to the day of his death. It was this old campaigner who instituted the " stone- grey " clothing for his new raised corps. 5 1 Scottish Monuments and Tombstones, by the Rev. C. Rogers, Vol. II., p. 84. 3 A true and impartial Account of the Examinations and Confessions of several execrable Conspirators against the King and his Government in Scotland. London, 1681. 8 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V. * Ibid., Vol. VI. 5 Treasury Records, under date of 22nd March, 1683, refer to order to import " 2438 elnes of grey cloth for use of the regt of dragoons." It has never been definitely ascer- tained that this Regiment was mounted on grey horses prior to the Revolution. 62 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 When Dalyell was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Scots Army he was in his 80th year, but, like the veteran Duke of Schomberg, of Revolution renown, he was able to keep a tight hand over his officers, while all movements of the Troops in disaffected districts, or otherwise, were regulated by him. Dalyell did not spare himself. The Duke of Hamilton, in a letter to the Marquis of Queensberry, from Hamilton, 26th May, 1682, records : — " I had almost forgot to tell you General! Dalzell was here this day, where he mett the gentlemen of this shire pretty frequently conveened. They seamed all very frank and willing to do all they could for the security of the peace, and fell on some overtures which will be better digested againest this day eight days that he returns from Aire." 1 On the 2nd June following, Dalyell again met the Commissioners and heritors of Lanarkshire at Hamilton. Amongst other matters the heritors " offered advyce to Generall Dalzell anent the places most convenient for lodging such forces as may be thought necessary for apprehending skulking vagabonds and rebells, on the confynes of the shyre and elsewhere and for securing the peace." a As Fabius had been the shield of ancient Rome, in like manner was Dalyell Scotland's protecting Mgia. Claverhouse was a second Marcellus, and chafed for a free hand in his desultory campaign against the wild Westland Whigs. It soon became evident to the Duke of York and Dalyell how well-fitted Claverhouse was for harrying the rebels and dispersing their conventicles. It was entirely owing to the Duke of York that Claverhouse was given the Colonelcy of the King's Regiment of Scottish Horse, which was formed in the winter of 1682-3. s But as on previous occasions, the Government " robbed Peter to pay Paul." " His Highnes has also moved the Kinge that Claverous showld have a Collonell's pay," wrote the Earl of Moray, Secretary of State, to the Mar- quis of ^Queensberry, Lord Treasurer, from Whitehall, 3rd February, 168-§, " so that the Aed Major, Quartermaster, and Martiall of the regement of dragoons ar ordered to be discharged, and ther pay applyed for Claverous who is to haue the same pye as Coll[onell] that the Generall hes as Coll[onell] of the dragoons, and the letters for this purpos are also sent to your Lordship by this post." 4 When news reached Dalyell that his Regiment was to be shorn of two of its Staff Officers, he was naturally furious. Old as he was Dalyell set off to London to ask the King to rescind the discharge of the officers in question. The result of the General's expostulations is recorded in a letter from the Duke of York to the Marquis of Queensberry, from London, 9th May, 1683 : — " The Old General is now a going back, and I hope better aatisfyd then when he came from Scotland." 5 The Aid-Major and the Quartermaster of Dalyell's Dragoons were again added to the Establish- ment of the Standing Army in Scotland, by a Royal Letter to the Council, dated 11th May, 1683. 6 It is a well-known fact that the relations between Dalyell and Claverhouse were strained, even after the restoration of the two discharged 1 Hist. MSS. Comn., Eeport XV., Appx. Pt. VIII., p. 241. 2 Ibid., p. 242. 3 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII. ' Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV, Appx. Pt. VIII., Vol. II., p. 22. " Ibid., Vol. I., p. 189. (i Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 63 officers to the former's Regiment. In April, 1684, the Council recom- mended that Claverhouse should command the Troops in Ayrshire. Accordingly this officer called upon the Commander-in-Chief at the latter's house in Edinburgh. "I called at the Generalls this fornoon," wrote Claverhouse in an undated letter to Queensberry, " and he was gon out to diner. Som time after he sent the order of councell to me without any order from himselfe, and sent me word by his servant that that was all he hade to say. I told his man I would wait on him imediatly after diner, and when I cam to his lodging, his man told me he was layen doun, and that he had not been well for som days. I offered to stay till he was awak, but his man told me I needed not, for he would give me no other orders. I can do nothing without his orders, for act of councell says the Generall is to comand my Lord Balcares troup and mine and Capt Clielands to Clidsdelle ; and that he should give orders to Coll. Bouchan and me to comand there. Houever, least the Kings service suffer in the time, I will goe and join my Lord Ross troup, till the half of the Gairds and the other troops com. I hop your Lordship will cause dispatch them. If the Generall will not, the councell may give the orders imediatly to the respective troupes." 1 In November, 1683, a party of the Foot Guards, under a non-commis- sioned officer, made a raid on Cardross House, which had been a happy hunting ground in the past for those in search of conventicle holders. The Hon. Veronica Erskine, in a letter to her brother, Lord Cardross, from "Cardross, 23 Nov., 1683," wrote: — "All the soldiers belong to Lithgow's Regiment, but we know not whose Company they are in, but that may easily be got notice of, since the name of the corporal is inserted among the rest." 2 When the swing of the pendulum brought the Presbyterians into power, after the Revolution, a party of Lord Cardross's new-raised Regi- ment of Dragoons prevented the Episcopal minister of Logie from entering his church. Many other authenticated acts of aggression against the Episcopal Clergy in 1689, are familiar to students of Scottish history. 3 On 28th October, 1684, James Renwick, a Covenanting preacher, issued his " Apologetical Declaration," which is tersely described by an able Scottish writer as " flat rebellion." 4 After proclaiming war against Charles Stuart and his accomplices, including " bloody militiamen, mali- cious troopers, soldiers and dragoons . . . and such as designedly and purposely advise counsel, and encourage them to proceed against us to our utter extirpation, by informing against us wickedly, willingly, and wittingly, such as viperous and malicious bishops and curates," the manifesto then goes on to threaten condign punishment : — " We say all and every one of such shall be reputed by us enemies to God and the Covenanted work of reformation, and punished as such according to our power and the degrees of their offences — chiefly if they shall continue, after the publication of this our declaration, obstinately and habitually with malice to proceed against us." 5 1 Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV., Pt. VIII., p. 286. 2 Henry Erskine, his Kinsfolk, and Times, p. 31. 3 Short Account of the Grievances of the Episcopal Clergy of Scotland, printed in The Spottiswoode Miscellany, Vol. II., pp. 387-400. 4 Professor Sanf ord Terry, author of John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount of Dundee. 5 Quoted by Hill Burton in his History of Scotland. 64 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Renwick 1 was only twenty-two when he issued this "Declaration," which was affixed to church doors and market crosses by his followers on 8th November, 1684. Mark the result. On 20th November, two Gentle- men of the Life Guards, Thomas Kennoway and Duncan Stewart, were foully murdered at an inn adjacent to Swine Abbey, Linlithgowshire. And on 11th December following, the Rev. Peter Pierson, minister of Carsphairn, Kirkcudbrightshire, whose anti-Covenant principles were well-known, was shot dead at his manse door. The murderer escaped for the moment. A few days after this event a hundred rebels entered the town of Carsphairn, released the prisoners from the tolbooth, and seized such arms as they could lay their hands on. This little success was short-lived. Claverhouse and his Troop came up with a party of Cameronians on 18th December at the Bridge of Dee near Kirkcudbright. The rebels took to flight ; but in the pursuit which followed five Cameronians were killed and three taken prisoners. 2 One of the slain was James McMichael, the murderer of the Rev. Peter Pierson. 3 In the meantime the Privy Council " had ordained the death penalty to all who refused to disown on oath Renwick's declara- tion." And a few months later a statute was passed " making any acknow- ledgment of the Covenant an act of treason." During the last two or three years of his life, Dalyell spent much of his time at Binns beautifying his estate. There is every reason to believe that the General had detachments of his Regiment quartered at Binns, when he was there, 4 as the building known as " The Oven " is said to have been used for baking bread for Dalyell's Dragoons : — " All of them proof 'gainst desperate alarms, Trained up by old Dalyell in feats of arms." On the accession of James VII., Dalyell's Commission as Commander- in-Chief was renewed. The Earl of Argyll's ill-starred invasion of Scot- land, in May, 1685, caused more apprehension in England than in the northern kingdom. Consequently, the King sent the Earl of Dumbarton to Scotland with the rank of Commander-in-Chief. Dalyell's Commission was not recalled as Dumbarton's stay in Scotland was of very short duration. On 23rd August, 1685, General Thomas Dalyell died very suddenly, of apoplexy, at his house in Edinburgh. Being Commander-in-Chief of the Scots Army at the time of his death, his remains were accorded a public military funeral in accordance with his rank. " Six pieces of cannon before his hearse, his led horse, b&ton, coat of armour, Pall, the standing forces who escorted through the Portsburgh on the way to his last home in 1 This enthusiast had, when only twenty, brought himself into prominent notice by his " Declaration " at Lanark in which he denounced Charles II.'s Court in strong language. He was also responsible for the " second Sanquhar Declaration '' 28th May, 1685. After several hair-breadth escapes, Renwick was captured in the winter of 1687-8, and executed at Edinburgh, 17th February, 1688. He was the last of the Covenanters who suffered on the scaffold. s John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount of Dundee, by Professor Sanford Terry, p. 176. 8 Ibid., p. 177. 4 The 2nd Earl of Stair, who was appointed Colonel of the Enniskillen Dragoons, in 1715, " according to a custom not uncommon in the army at that time, provided (by arrangement with Government) winter quarters and forage for the men and troop horses, when not on duty, in his grounds of Castle Kennedy, Wigtonshire." Annals of the Viscount and 1st and 2nd Earls of Stair, by John Murray Graham, Vol. II., p. 289. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 65 the family vault of Binns at Abercorn." 1 For many years Dalyell let his beard grow, but the often repeated statement that " this beard was never shaved after the decapitation of King Charles I," is certainly erroneous. Had he worn a beard when he escaped from the Tower of London, in May, 1652, the fact would certainly have been mentioned in the description of his person sent by the Council of State to various seaports on the English coast. There is also a portrait of Dalyell at Leslie House, Fifeshire, which represents the General as an old man and clean shaved. The original bone comb which the General used, when he wore a beard, is preserved at Binns ; " it is twelve inches broad, while the teeth are at least six inches deep." In size, the aforesaid comb is more remarkable than the one found in St. Cuthbert's coffin, last century, and now exhibited in the Dean and Chapter Library, Durham. The General left, with other children, a son, Thomas, who was created a baronet, as a reward for his father's service, 7th November, 1685, with remainder to his heirs-male and of tailzie. "ON THE DEATH OF HIS EXCELLENCE GENERAL DALZIEL OF BINNS." (Scotish Elegiac Verses, 1629-1729, pp. 39-42.) " Thou child of sin and fate, who only can Measure the true dimensions of a man. Who with impartial and triumphant wings O'ertakes the poor man's flight as well as kings, And with thy martial all controuling drum, Beats a cold march to the eternal home, Tyrant o'er tyrants, who, with fatal force, Betwixt the soul and body makes divorce. No more thy trophies boast, thou here must yield, Here's one thou could not conquer in the field, Who, spite of all the forces him withstood, Has div'd for honour in a sea of blood. Who, wheresoever he fought, or seige did lay, Honour and conquest did their wings display, Whose heart by night nor day did ever feel A coward's damp, oft sleept in sheets of steel. That soul of chivalrie, which no delight Could weaken, or the face of death affright, The great Dalziel who with undazled eyes, Affronted all the flames from steel could rise. Just like the generous eagle dare oppose The proudest light that ever in heaven arose. His actions all were generous, and free, And did no interest own, but loyaltie. He lov'd not wars for wars, nor strife for strife, Not prodigal nor nigard of his life, He did not softly spare himself, but then He did exact the like of other men. For of his generous, and martial heart, Courage and judgement had their equal part, He was the genius of the camp, yet knew When to retire, and when his foes pursue, 1 Fountainhall's Diary. 66 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 He knew all order of tumultuous war, Ranks, files, march, countermarch, to make a square, And form a square, to raise a diamond, And all Battalias ever yet were found, How to encamp, entrench, and any part Where nature fails, to fortifie by art ; How to defend, or to assault a town, And comtings, bulwarks, platforms to beat down. He knew no treacherous arts, nor cheating charms, But masculin courage, and the laws of arms. With these he made his souldiers well train'd men, With these he brought them on, and off again. It was by those, he to his latest breath, In every war, conquest, propound, or death. Like a majestick general, by those, He sold his souldiers' lives dear to his foes. By his example every minor band Did take new force from his heroick hand ; Souldier inspired souldier ; foot, the horse ; But he them both, so great's a general's force — Who by his valour, made it understood, An ounce of honour's worth a pound of blood, His never daunted courage undervalu't The iron salutation of a bullet. Therefore some grovling coward's low pitcht eye That could not reach triumphant honours skie, What their affrighted sense could not behold, Without being dazled, yet to carp were bold. But he at home, abroad, and in all parts, His blade imbrued in rivers sprung from hearts. Yet with such moderation that he made It clear, war was for physick, not for trade. In Ireland, and at Musco, and at home, Like Hercules he monsters overcome. In all which enterprizes we might see His counsel, courage, generositie. He knew when to be harsh, when to be mild, And did esteem each souldier as his child, And train'd them so, which care was not in vain, They as their father reverenc'd him again, And with the Prophet did him thus bewail, Horse-men and chariots of our Israel. But now being enfranchised, and at large From all our wars, death seals him a discharge. He with the souls above and Hierarchie, His valour turned into extasie, Where till the earth and all its trophies lie A scattered heap, and time itself shall die, He shall live unallarm'd with the blast Of any other trumpet but the last." " Invictissimi Ducis Thom* Daxzelli Epitaphium. Non potes exigfio claude Dalzelle sepulchro, Tarn brevis ingentem non capit urna virum. Te Duce Monstra jacent patria teterrima, cum nil Restaret, superi scandis in astra poli. N.P." ( 67 ) CHAPTER X GEORGE, EARL OF DUMBARTON COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE FORCES MAY— JUNE, 1685 This nobleman was sent to Scotland as Commander-in-Chief when the Earl of Argyll invaded the kingdom. Lord Dumbarton, known previous to March, 1675, as Lord George Douglas, was third son of the 1st Marquis of Douglas. Since his boyhood, when he had been page of honour to Louis XIV., this soldier of fortune had served in the French Army with distinction and had attained the rank of Major-General. But a more interesting fact is that he had commanded the Royal Scots Regiment of Foot for thirty years prior to the accession of James VII. The aforesaid grand old corps had been for long in the service of France, when Charles II. recalled it to England in the spring of 1666. 1 In the autumn of 1667 the Douglas Regiment, which had received recruits from Scotland, returned to France with their Colonel. In 1678, when a war with France was on the tapis, Charles IJ. again recalled his Scots corps to England, and it was sent over to Ireland early in 1679. The Earl of Dumbarton, so created 9th March, 1675, being a Roman Catholic, was debarred from holding a Commission in the British Army ; and when the Royal Scots, consisting of 21 Companies, were mustered at Kinsale in April, 1679, the Colonel was conspicuous by his absence. His corps was then officially described as " The Earl of Dumbarton's late Regt. of Foot." 2 This nobleman was not superseded as his Colonelcy remained unfilled till 28th November, 1685, when James VII., who rode rough-shod over the laws of England, re-commissioned Dumbarton to be " Colonel of Our Royal Regt. of Foot." In the previous July the King had appointed this Earl a Lieut.-General. 3 The regimental march, " Dumbarton's Drums," 4 is said to date from 1678 : — '■ Dumbarton's drums beat bonny, 0! When they mind me of my dear Johnny, O! Then I'll be the Captain's lady, O! Farewell all my friends and my daddy, ! I must stay nae mair at home, But follow wi' the drum, And whenever it beats I'll be ready, 0! " 111 The Douglas Regt. to assemble at St. Quentin and embark from St. Valerie by order from the Marquis de Louvois, Minister of War." See Camden Miscellany, p. 34. 1 Irish Army Lists, 1661-1685, by Charles Dalton, p. 127. 3 Lord Dumbarton's name is prefixed by a cross in the register of his Commission as " Lieut-General " given in Military Entry Book, No. 1. The same MS. has a memorandum to the effect that " the 4- before certain officers' names denotes Roman Catholics who had not conformed to the Test Act." See Vol. II., English Army Lists, p. xi. 4 Scottish Minstrel, by R. A. Smith, Vol. III., p. 6, Edinburgh, n. d. B 2 68 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 When Lord Dumbarton was despatched to Scotland in hot haste (May, 1685), it was expected in England that Argyll's invasion would develop into a formidable rising. The three Scots Regiments in the Service of Holland were re-called and the transports conveying them home were ordered to sail to Leith. Colonel Hugh Mackay, the officer in supreme command of the aforesaid Regiments, was promoted Major-General of the Forces in Scotland by Commission dated 4th June, 1685. 1 It may be that the prompt measures taken by the Government had a deterrent effect on would-be rebels. Anyway, Argyll's invasion was a fiasco from first to last. A handful of militia had the triumph, if triumph it can be called, of capturing Argyll on 18th June, 1685, and delivering him over to Lord Dumbarton at Glasgow. The only fighting that any of the Regulars had was on the very day that Argyll was captured. It occurred at Muirdyke, Renfrewshire, and Sir John Cochrane of Ochiltree, Argyll's partisan, with a party of rebels engaged Captain Cleland's Troop of Scots Dragoons. In this encounter Cleland and several of his troopers were killed ; while Cochrane and his party, after gallantly holding their own for some hours, escaped in the darkness. " When Argyle was taken," writes this nobleman's biographer, " the Privy Council despached a vessel to meet the transports [from Holland] and inform them that they might return. This message reached them when they were off St. Abb's Head." 2 The three Scots Regiments were landed at Gravesend and placed on the English Establish- ment till 3rd August following, when they returned to Holland. An unpublished letter from Lord Dumbarton to Lord Linlithgow, written when the former was hunting after Argyll in the West of Scotland, has recently been discovered. It is as follows : — "Ctir [Cantyre] 31 May 85. " My Lord, " I intreat yo c Lop. to send foreward this Black box -with all possible speed and recommend it, hare the three Loudien [Lothian] Eegts. ready to march in case I send for them, I am just now going to Irwine and from thence to Largs where I hear ye E. of Argyll was offering to land therefore send yt way to me if you have any news, I hear there was one of ye King's yachts went ys 8 to Dunbarton, send and see wt newes there id of her and let me hear from you, and if she knowes anything of any of the men of war, if the Perth or Forfar Regts. come yo r way or your Lop. hear any news of them, order them in my name to march towards ye Coast of Largs where they will hear where I am, Let me know all ye news you have. I am in haste going to march, I am " My Lord " Yo r Lops, most " humble servant " DUNBAKTON." * It is recorded that when Argyll was brought prisoner to Glasgow " the Earl of Dumbarton had an interview with him and a few words of good- natured banter passed between them." 5 Argyll was lodged in the tolbooth, and the slight wound he had received at the time of his capture was surgi- 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. X. 3 A Scots Earl, by John Wilcock, p. 398. 8 Probably a contraction for " ysterday." * A f ac-simile of this letter, which is in the Editor's possession, is given as an illustration. It is addressed " fior His Maties Spc" Service. To ye Earle of Linlithgow at Glasgow haste haste haste.'' 5 A Scots Earl, p. 396. N. CO V k h C ■;. N? ' -9 ^ ■<-s£j 4. -c Na K S' $ •• <; 3 f:.«mlE.y M . * «•■ at, W 1 1 tf. 2 i«f f t' : u m n v j - 1 ->~ i\ - W : ^ Sk t> h *6 5 ^ '; y >- \ 7*t dti*, Cvt I r-f, ., , ^,1 V4I ./ • .■ r- ■ r ,.r. -;i ■-:';$■ ■ ■ '•■j>;«/^«,..,, ,. . ■o C o «7 * ? . . a E -j THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 69 cally treated. 1 At ten at night on 20th June, 1685. Argyll was led captive into Edinburgh " with his hands tied behind his back, bare-headed, in the midst of Captain Graham's guards, with cocked matches, and the hangman walking before him ; the procession being escorted by the horse-guards." 2 On arrival at the castle the prisoner was heavily ironed. Argyll was doubly doomed to die, as on 19th December, 1681, he had been found guilty of high treason and sentenced to death for refusing to subscribe to the Test Act. His escape from Edinburgh Castle on 21st December, 1681, gave Argyll a further lease of life ; but his ill-advised rebellion, in 1685, once more put him in the power of his Royal enemy, and he was executed 30th June, 1685. Whatever charges may be made against Archibald, 9th Earl of Argyll, as a man and a politician, by writers of history, there can be but one opinion as to the marvellous fortitude and Christian resignation he displayed, not only during his last days on earth but on the scaffold. For him death had no terrors. Dumbarton's services in Scotland were rewarded by a grant of the estate of Salton forfeited by Andrew Fletcher. When the Order of the Thistle was revived by James VII., Lord Dumbarton was made a Knight. This nobleman was in high favour with the King, and was second in command of the Army encamped on Hounslow Heath in 1687 and 1688. By his Countess, who was sister to the Duchess of Northumberland, the Earl of Dumbarton had an only son who received the courtesy title of Lord Ettrick. Shortly after this child's birth the Marquis of Douglas wrote to the Laird of Blackwood, 2nd May, 1687 : — " I doe believe he [Lord Dumbarton] hes nothing more in Ettrick then he hes in Dumbarton, but only the title." 8 At the age of eighteen months, 23rd October, 1687, George, Lord Ettrick received a Captain's Commission in his father's Regiment. 4 He was the prototype of " the Captain crying for his pap." B At the Revolution, Lord Dumbarton adhered to James VII. and followed his Royal Master to France, where he died, 20th March, 1692. George, Lord Ettrick took up the title as 2nd Earl, and was appointed, in 1715, Lieut. -Colonel of Colonel Dubourgay's Regiment of Foot on the English Establishment. In the following year he was sent Ambassador to Russia by George I. The 2nd and last Earl of Dumbarton also ended his days in France, and apparently in very straitened circumstances. In a letter from him to Lady Jean Douglas dated : " Douay, 7 Jan., 1749." he writes : " As for me I live quietly here, with a gentleman that boards me and my servant ; and I strive to make a shift with my poor fortune." 6 1 A Scots Earl, p. 399, and note. 2 Council Registers, 20th June, 1685. 8 The Douglas Booh, Vol. IV., p. 281. 4 English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. II., p. 195. 5 See paper on " Child Commissions in the Army," by Charles Dalton, in Notes and Queries, 8th Series, Vol. VIII. 6 The Scottish Nation, Vol. II., p. 73. ( 70 ) CHAPTER XI LIEUT.-GENERAL WM. DRUMMOND COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE FORCES 7th OCTOBER, 1685— 23rd MARCH, 1G88. The Hon. Wm. Dbummond of Cromlix, second surviving son of the 2nd Lord Maderty, went to Ireland as Captain in Colonel Robert Monro's Regiment, 1 in 1642, and saw service against the Irish rebels. In the summer of 1646 Captain Drummond was sent to London, to report on the state of the Scots Army in Ireland to the English Parliament. In 1648, Drummond accompanied Major-General George Monro to England and joined the Army of " Engagers," under the Duke of Hamilton, with which he marched into Lancashire. As one of George Monro's officers, Drummond was at the capture of Stirling Bridge, in September, 1648, 2 when the Marquis of Argyll, leader of the Whigs, narrowly escaped being taken. In 1649, Drummond joined Lord Ormonde in Ireland but returned to Scotland in 1650, and was made Colonel of a Regiment by the Scottish Parliament " in place of the Earl of Tullibardine in respect of his excuse." 3 At Worcester, Colonel Wm. Drummond commanded a Regiment. He was taken prisoner and suffered a rigorous captivity. It is said he obtained his release by getting " a poor fellow accepted bail for him." 4 Drummond joined Charles II. in Paris. The King sent him over to Scotland in 1653 with the rank of Major-General. " He landed near Yarmouth in disguise with a double-bottomed trunk in which were laid His Majesty's Letters and Commissions. Thence to Newcastle, Kelso (to the Earl of Roxborough's house), and on to Edinburgh in the habit of an ordinary carrier. From Edinburgh to the West Ferry where he was nearly discovered by one of the Usurper's spies. He went to Elphingstoune and being provided of a boat that afternoon he came quickly to this Country [Perthshire], so wearied and disguised that his nearest relatives could not know him." 6 Drummond shared in the campaign waged by the Royalists under the Earl of Glencairn and General Middleton, in the Highlands, and was with the latter commander when defeated at Loch Garry, 19th July, 1654. In the following May, Generals Dalyell and Drummond obtained passes from General Monk " to go beyond seas " on giving security of " £2,000 a piece for their peace- able living." 6 By his own wish, Drummond elected to accompany his friend General Dalyell to Russia and enter the Czar's service. Charles II. gave them letters to the potentate who ruled over Muscovy, to Prince Radziwill and others. The Emperor of Russia appointed Drummond " Lieut-General of the Strangers." In this new sphere of action Drummond distinguished himself 1 Funeral Sermon for General Viscount Strathallan, by Principal Alexander Monro of Edinburgh. 2 Ibid. 3 Balfour's Annals, Vol. IV., p. 216. 4 Funeral Sermon as before. 6 Ibid. ' Scotland and the Protectorate, p. 268. § ■« vS ^ r M 5 s^Hu 4 -S. !^r 5 ■o w c M5 2 5 E .>> B Zi 3 "' O u. >, • a - E to 2 £ £ 2 .2 O N bi cq -I THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 71 in the campaigns against the Tartars and Poles. It is recorded that in an action with the Poles, Drummond covered the retreat of the Russian Army with a very small body of Troops under his command. He posted a Company of musketeers on the outskirts of a wood bordering a morass, which separated the advancing Poles from the retreating Russians. These marksmen, who appear to have worn swans' feathers in their hats, did their work so effectually, under Drummond's orders, that the pursuit was checked and the Russians made good their retreat. 1 When war broke out between England and Holland, in 1665, Charles II. recalled both Dalyell and Drummond from the Russian service. The Czar was very unwilling to lose two such capable commanders, but had finally to give his consent. He presented to each of the Scottish Generals a certificate testifying to their great military experience. 2 William Drum- mond was appointed Major-General of the Scots Forces, in July, 1666, and was likewise ordered to raise a Regiment of Horse consisting of ten Troops. The registers of these two Commissions are not forthcoming; but the Muster Rolls of the Troops forming Drummond's Regiment are still in existence. 3 There is no need to refer to the part played by Drummond in the Pentland Rising, as his letter giving full particulars of the engagement with the rebels has been quoted in a former chapter. 4 On 5th December, 1666, the King sent a special letter of thanks to General Dalyell for the victory obtained at Pentland. The postscript to this Royal Letter runs as follows : — " I pray tell Will Drummond I am very sencible of the share he hath had in this victory, which he shall find on all occasions." In a letter to Lauderdale, written from Glasgow, 14th December, 1666, Drummond gives his opinion as to the chief cause for the late Rising : " Of the ryse of this late rebellion I can give you no other accowmpt after examynatione of many prisoners but that it seems the preachers at many conventicles had disposed the people to be in radiness to ryse in armes when the opportunitye showld offer, but as God wowld have it they brook out about Dum- fries unadvysedly." 5 There is ample testimony to the fact that throughout the reign of Charles II. language of the most seditious nature was used not only at conventicles but from city pulpits. In September, 1662, Hugh Mackail, a young Presbyterian divine, in a sermon preached at the High Church, Edinburgh, declared that "The Church of Scotland had been persecuted by an Ahab on the throne, a Haman in the state, and a Judas in the church." 6 Was it surprising that when this preacher was captured, after Pentland, it was remembered against him how he had denounced the King, Lauderdale, and Archbishop Sharp, from the pulpit. A Scottish biographer has made excuse for Mackail's intemperate language just recorded on the ground that " the age of journalism had not yet fully commenced," so that the 1 Funeral Sermon for General Viscount Strathallan, by Principal Alex. Monro. The preacher when narrating how General Drummond had covered the Russian retreat, used the expression that the Army had been saved by the Swans' Feathers. 1 The original testimonial given to Drummond is not forthcoming ; but the letter from the Czar Alexis to Charles II. testifying to Drummond's bravery and services is at the British Museum. See facsimile, in this vol. ; also translation in the Appendix. 3 See Pt. II. 4 See pp. 23-25. 5 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., pp. 262-3. " Memoir in Diet, of Nat. Biog. Mackail was executed at Edinburgh, 22nd December, 1666. 72 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ministers had to keep their congregations conversant with public measures. This excuse is a transparent fallacy. The lack of newspapers was more than made up by political tracts and pamphlets. And Covenanting literature was enriched, in 1667, by a book printed abroad and smuggled into Scotland. " There is a Damned book come hither from beyond sea called Napthali, or the Wrestlings of the Church of Scotland," wrote Sir Robert Moray to Lauderdale from Edin- burgh, 10th December, 1667. " A copy came to my hands and I have given it to the prim[ate] to look over .... It hath all the traytors speeches on the scaffold here, and in a word all that a Toung (sic) set on fire by hell can say of things and persones hereaway " * There is something comical in the diversity of opinion regarding Napthali and a kindred work entitled : Jus Populi Vindicatum, or, The People's Right to defend them- selves, and their Covenanted Religion vindicated ; Sir James Steuart of Coltness, a Scottish Ishmael, wrote part of the first-named anonymous book and was author of the second. Wodrow thus expresses his admiration of Sir James Steuart's character : — " It would take a man equal to himself to draw it and I dare not attempt it ; he was wonderful in prayer, and mighty in the Scrip- tures, and wonderfully seen in them beyond any man almost ever I conversed with." Macaulay refers to these two Covenanting publications as " hardly to be surpassed for ferocity and absurdity." And the late Mr. Mark Napier says of Sir James Steuart : — " This James Steuart was a thorough-paced traitor and actually wrote part of that vicious trash Napthali. This cheat-the-woodie became Lord Advocate to the King of Glencoe." Early in 1667, Drummond was at Court and is said to have urged the necessity of increasing the Standing Army in Scotland. Whether he did so or not, the Forces raised in 1666 were disbanded in September, 1667, and Drummond's command as Major-General came to an end. " Upon the disbanding of the forces," wrote Drummond to Lauderdale from Edinburgh, 19th September, 1667, "the Gen. [Dalyell] and I hes been exposed to some people's ill will, who have searchd with great industrie to have found out some ground of callumating (sic) us, and hes served edicts at all the Kirk- doors in thes parts where wee had been most converseing for encourageing every man to bring in their complaints if ther wes anything to say against us, but all this malice wes in vaine, for wee have done nothing hiddenly, but all things with faithefullness, and that before the eyes of the world." 2 Drummond, who was now a Privy Councillor, married, early in 1668, Lady Humbie (daughter of Sir Archibald Johnston of Warriston) widow of Lord Humbie. The following MS. entry, in Drummond's handwriting, was found in a printed German book in the library of Innerpeffray : — "In anno 1668 uppon fridday the 28 of feb. about 12 of the clock in the night I was maried in the Abbay Church of Holyrud hous by Mr Kid actual minyster ther.'' s Through General Drummond's influence, " Warriston's head which had been exposed on the Nether Bow Port was allowed to be taken down and buried along with his body." i 1 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., p. 88. 2 Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II, pp. 68-9. * Diary of Andrew Hay of Craignethan Castle. * Kirkton's History of Church of Scotland. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 73 From 1669-1674, Drummond represented Perthshire in Parliament. For some unexplained reason Drummond earned the ill-will of the Lauder- dale Government and was, by the King's "Warrant to the Privy Council, dated 22nd September, 1674, ordered/' to enter himself in prison in Dumbar- ton Castle within 40 hours after legal intimation of this order, there to remain till the King's further pleasure." * After nearly eighteen months of close imprisonment, Drummond was released the first week in March, 1676. " And as to Lieut-Generall Drumond's desire," wrote the King, on 24th February, 1676, to the Scottish Privy Council, " it is Our Royall pleasure and wee are hereby graciously pleased to authorise and require you to cause him to be set at his full libertie, Hoping that his future car- riage wilbe such as that thereby wee shall have no cause to think this Our Royall favour ill bestowed." 2 It has been asserted that Drummond was restored to his post as Major- General after his release from prison. 8 This was not the case. From August, 1674, to December, 1677, Sir George Monro was the sole Major- General of the Forces and was succeeded, 18th December, 1677, by the Earl of Linlithgow as previously stated. Drummond retained, during his incarceration, his " Militia Troop of Perthshire Horse ; " 4 but appears to have resigned this appointment in May, 1676. 6 During the winter of 1677-8, Drummond " waited upon the King's [Highland] Host in the west." 6 In what capacity does not appear. But, like the Marquis of Atholl, he dis- approved very strongly of the Privy Council's harsh measures against the Covenanters, and their families in the Western shires, In April, 1678, Drummond accompanied Lord Atholl, the Duke of Hamilton, thirteen other noblemen, and about fifty Scottish gentlemen to London to lay the sufferings of the Covenanters before the King, and plead for more lenient measures. The deputation had at heart the dis- 1 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. III. The following petition is at the British Museum : — " Unto the Lords of His Maj ties most honobl privie concell The suplicatione of Genell lew' drommond prisoner at dunbartone Castell " Humbly sheweth That your Lo s having owt of your Goodness Granted your petitioner Libertie upon a former suplicatione to goe abroad in the day tyme for a certaine space because of the Indispositione of his bodie and a great tendencie to the gravel through the closeness of his restrainte And that Limited tyme so favorablie allowed by your Lo s being expyred and yitt the same causes of Indangering your petitioners health not removed " May it therfore pleas your lo s : " To continew your goodness and the libertie f ormerlie bestowed upon your petitioner " And he shall euer pray etc. " W. DRUMMOND " (Endorsed) " petitione lieut Gen : drumond 1675 " (Add. MS. 23137, fol. 49). ' Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III. 8 " Memoir of Wm. Drummond 1st. Visct. Strathallan " in Diet, of Nat. Biog. 4 Military History of Perthshire, 1660-1902, by the Marchioness of Tullibardine, p. 109. 5 Ibid. * See Drummond's speech to the King quoted in the text. 74 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 grace of Lauderdale, then High Commissioner in Scotland. The King refused to see the deputation as a body ; but Drummond secured an audience and relieved his mind on the subject of his own personal wrongs at the King's hands : — " Lt. Gennerall D[rummon]d reserved his spitch till the Kinge uas ryseinge out of his chear, then he tould the Kinge how he had bene always a loyall sub- jecte and yit had suffered lyk a slaeve, that he had bene kipt a prisoner eightne monthes and to this houre kneiw not for uhat : that he had uaeted on. the King's Host in the west and yit his burdinge uas greater then any other, he had come up to offer his service in the war, and now iff ther uas no imployment for him (iff he uas criminal!) his Maj sty might hange him hear rather then he should retorne home and be persecut lyke a slaeve. 1 What the King said in reply is not recorded. Drummond represented Perthshire in the Convention Parliament of 1678. In the following year his wife 2 died, in England, and was buried at St. George's Church, Southwark. On 8th September, 1682, William Drummond of Cromlix succeeded his kinsman John Drummond of Lundin as Master-General of the Ordnance. This post carried with it the rank of " youngest Lieut-General " and so brought William Drummond to the front as second in command of the Scots Army. Owing to Dalyell's advanced age, and the strained relations between him and Claverhouse, Drummond's presence in the West was absolutely necessary to direct operations against the Covenanters. To increase his powers he was given a " Commission of Justiciary " by the Council. In this double capacity, Claverhouse had not only to write to Lieut-General Drummond in May, 1684, when he could not get his orders from General Dalyell ; 3 but had in May, 1685, to deliver up an im- portant prisoner to Drummond " having no commission of justiciary myself." 4 In April/1685, "upon rumours of fears of Argyll's landing," the Council ordered 1,200 Highlanders to be sent into the West to be under the orders of General Drummond and Colonel Douglas. 6 In May and June, Drum- mond was actively employed in the West and in close touch with Claver- house. 6 General Dalyell died on 23rd August, 1685, and on 7th October following Drummond was appointed to the command of the Forces and granted £800 per annum. He was succeeded as Master-General of the Ordnance by Colonel Douglas. In January, 1686, Drummond was re-admitted a Privy Councillor, and in March had apartments allotted to him in Holyrood The same month he was summoned to Court. There were other reasons besides military reforms 7 which made James VII. desirous for a conference with Scotland's new Commander-in-Chief. The King wanted liberty of 1 Earl of Murray to Lauderdale, 28th May, 1678. Lauderdale Papers, Vol. Ill, p. 151. 2 She had an only son, William, by General Drummond who succeeded as 2nd Viscount Strathallan. 3 Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV., Pt. VIII., p. 287. 4 Ibid., p. 293. 6 Fountainhall's Historical Notices, Vol. II., p. 636. 6 Claverhouse to the Duke of Queensberry, 16th June, 1685. 7 " Rules for the better Government of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland " were signed by the King at Whitehall, 26th April, 1686, and £200 granted to Lieut-General Wm. Drum- mond for his expenses to London and back. Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XI. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 75 conscience for his Roman Catholic subjects, but former severities were to be continued against the Covenanters. It was said of Drummond that " he was a bad Christian but a good Protestant." 1 The latter part of this description was undoubtedly true as General Drummond declined to fall in with the King's one-sided policy ; and on his return to Scotland he opposed the Government both in the Council Chamber and in Parliaments In February, 1687, the King granted " partial toleration " to Scotland. Drummond did not lose the King's favour for his manly conduct. On 28th May, 1686, the Scottish Parliament, by the King's desire, passed an " Act of Dissolution of the lands and barony of Torwoodlie from the Crown in favour of Lieut-General Drummond." s And he was created Viscount Strathallan 26th August, 1686. Apart from his splendid services to the Crown in the past, the Commander-in-Chief was a soldier of the first order, and it may be that James foresaw that a time was coming when the Scots Army might be needed to uphold the Royal prerogative in England. On 24th February, 1686, George, Duke of Gordon was appointed Governor and Constable of Edinburgh Castle * in place of the Duke of Queensberry who had incurred the King's displeasure. Gordon was inducted into his new post without any oath, being a Roman Catholic. Fountainhall, writing under date of 7th January, 1686, records " two Companies are added to Douglas's Regt. . . . their commanders both Papists." 6 About this time the Earl of Perth "verted" to the Roman faith. So also did Sir Robert Sibbald, the most learned antiquary in Scotland. " His room was broken into and searched by a band of eager Protestants," writes Viscount Dundee's biographer, " who threatened to ' Rathillet ' him — an expressive phrase ! The timely appearance of Lieutenant-General Drum- mond and Claverhouse in the former's coach, in which they conveyed him to the shelter of Holyrood, saved Sir Robert from an awkward predica- ment." 6 It is fair to add that Sibbald, after a course of deep religious study, in London, saw the error of the act he had committed. He returned to Scotland "and could not be at quiet till he had published his recantation openly in a church .... The recantation of so learned a man, upon so much study, had a great effect upon many." 7 The granting military commissions to Roman Catholics increased the King's unpopularity among all classes of his Protestant subjects. Strath- allan was powerless to prevent officers " of the King's religion " from being admitted into the Army ; but a certain section of extreme Presbyterians held the Commander-in-Chief responsible for the unwelcome additions to the Scots Army. In The Scottish Antiquary for 1896 8 there is given " A Letanie," copied from an MS. endorsed with date " 1686," one verse of which profane parody runs as follows : — " From Dromond, Wairiestouna good-sone who bids his Officers be gone, that poprie may better goe one Good Lord delyver us." 1 This phrase, attributed to Johnston of Warriston, is quoted by Lord Macaulay. a Drummond was M.P. for Perthshire 1681-2, and in 1686. 'Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. VIII., pp. 588-9. 4 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. X. 6 Historical Notices, p. 693. 6 John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount of Dundee, by C. Sanford Terry, M.A., pp. 223-224. 7 Bishop Burnet's History of James the Second (1852 edit.), p. 128. 8 P. 115. 76 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 In September, 1686, Lord Strathallan was nominated Commissioner of Justiciary for Argyllshire. On 16th May, 1687, he was appointed Governor of Inverary Castle and " Captain of the Company of Foot to be raised and put into the Castle." x Strathallan expended £800 on the fortifications of Inverary Castle which sum was refunded to him 3rd March, 1688. a In less than three weeks, viz., on 23rd March, the Commander-in-Chief was dead. We get a curious side-light on Lord Strathallan's last illness from a contemporary chronicler. " The Dutchess of Lauderdale," wrote Lord Fountainhall, " sued Sir James Dick of Preistfield for ' ane ryot ' in so far as shee having taken out of Duddington Loch five of the swans which, or their parents, were put in by her Lord ; he took them back again except two whose skins shee had given to General Drummond in his sicknes to warm his breast ; for which he [Sir James Dick] broke up doors. He alleged the swans were his own he standing infeft in the loch and conse- quently in all that fed on it and though the first were put in by the Duke of Lauderdale yet the product was Sir James's. The Lords of the Privy Council fand, if they had come of their own account and bigged there then they were Sir James's ; but since the owner who put them in was knowen, they fand they belonged to the Dutchess, and Sir James his tolerance to let then stay in his loch did not make them his ; upon which he turned all the rest out of his loch. But Duke Hamilton alleadging that the loch bounded with the King's Park and so belonged to him he put them in again ; and thus took possession in the King's name of the Loch, which will cost Sir James ane declaration of property to clear his right." s Lord Strathallan was buried at Innerpeffray on 4th April. Allusions have already been made to the funeral sermon. Lord Macaulay refers to General Drummond as " a loose and profane man ; " but this assertion does not seem to be corroborated by other writers. The " Drummond " handed down to posterity in that choice specimen of Covenanting poetry called " Lag's Elegy " may not be General Wm. Drummond. And when Wm. Cleland, the soldier-poet and Cameronian, wrote of the doings of the Highland Host, and the rout of Covenanters " By Devils Drummonds and Dalzells," it does not follow that General Drummond was en jeu, as there were both officers and men of this name who accompanied the Perthshire Militia to the West in 1678. Under date of 24th November, 1653, we find Sir Edward Hyde, in a letter to Secretary Nicholas, referring to Colonel Wm. Drummond as " a very discreet, honest, gallant person." 4 And in the Memoirs of Sir Ewen Cameron of Lochiel, General Drummond is described as "an honest man, a faithful and sincere friend, and an incorruptible patriot." 6 During his three years in office as Master-General of the Ordnance the Artillery was put on a more respectable footing than heretofore. 6 Drum- mond added dignity to the post of " Master-General " by memorialising the Duke of York in the interest " of those who attend the Magazine and a roome for himself [in Edinburgh Castle] where he may meet 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XII. 8 Ibid. 8 Fountainhall's Historical Notices, Vol. II., p. 857. 4 Clarendon S.P., Vol. III., p. 196. Quoted in The Drummond Genealogy, p. 314. 6 See " Establishment," dated June, 1684, given in the chapter on " Artillery " in Pt. II. THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 77 with his officers about his business." l The Castle fortifications were repaired during Drummond's rigime and the quarters of the garrison improved. The following entry in one of the Warrant Books for Scotland, proves that even in his old age the Commander-in-Chief looked into the smallest details : — " JAMES R. The false muster discovered by Viscount Strathallan made by Lieut. Wm. White of Buchan's Regiment who was suspended Lieut. Wm. White is to be now restored to his post. Windsor, 15 Aug. 1687." 2 1 Letter from the Duke of York to the Marquis of Queensberry, 30th January, 1683. Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV., Appx. Pt. VIII., p. 184. 2 Vol. XII. ( 78 ) Count ScAon&erp'. J(my /Z/gf/iam jij r , o£^*2 ^_ fyd-^w*.^ Jii Letter from the Earl of Airlie to the Earl of Linlithgow, 5th June, 1680 {From the Original in the Editor's possession^ THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 13 1662. HIS MAJESTY'S FOOT GUARDS, RAISED SEPTEMBER, 1662 * LIEUT. COLONEL. George, Earl of Linlithgow. MAJOR AND CAPTAIN. Sir James Turner. CAPTAINS. Col. Wm, Urrie. Major Alex. Thomson. Charles, Duke of Lenox and Richmond. John, Earl of Mar. * This Regiment, the present Scots Foot Guards, has been generally supposed to date its existence from 1660. This is not the case. Neither did the Earl of Linlithgow receive a Commission as Colonel under date of 1660, as stated in Millan's Succession of Colonels, 1742, and successive Army Lists. The reason for the delay in raising the Foot Guards is obvious enough when we remember that General Sir Thomas Morgan's English infantry corps, 1,000 strong, did not vacate Leith citadel until the middle of May, 1662. When Scotland was once clear of the English forces five Companies of Foot were raised. These new levies formed the nucleus of the Scots Foot Guards. The Kingdom's Intelliqencer, Sept. 15-22, 1662, contains this notice : — * " Edinburgh, 13 Sept. " My Lord Commissioner as Captain General of all his Majesties Forces in Scotland took a view of five Companies of new raised men, viz. the Duke of Lenox his Com- pany which are to go to the Castle of Dunbarton the Earle of Mars Company which are for Stirling Castle, Sir James Turners Company, Colonel Ory's and Major Thomp- sons, each company consisting of a full hundred completely armed, and scarce a man above thirty years of age. Divers Captains, Lieutenants and Gentlemen of quality think themselves preferred in carrying a pike in these companies, so generally Loyal now is that Kingdom, that every man is ready to express his best endeavours for his Majesties service. . . ." The Mercurius Publicus, Sept. 18-25, 1662, records the presentation of Colours at Edinburgh on 16 Sept. : — " This day the five Companies, formerly mentioned, received their Colours which were red, with a Saltire or St. Andrews Cross Argent in a Feild Azure, and a Thistle Crowned with this Motto round the Thistle, Nemo me impune lacessit." We know from Sir James Turner's Memoirs (quoted on p. 5, Part I.) that the above five companies were sent to Glasgow after being raised. The absence of regimental records between 1662-1667 unfortunately leaves a hiatus in the history of this fine old corps which it is difficult to fill up. It appears from an important and hitherto unpublished letter from the Earl of Linlithgow to Lauderdale (Add. MS. 23121, fol. 15) given below, in modern spelling, that there were six Companies reviewed by the Earl of Middleton in Sept. 1662, at Glasgow. The sixth company was raised apparently to garrison Edinburgh Castle:— " Edinburgh, 19 Jan. 1664. ". . . . My Lord, as to the command of those foot Companies, the E. of Middel- ton conferred upon me, and as I conceive he had his Majesty's orddr for it, was with- out any Commission. Whilst he was at Glasgow he convened the officers of the six 14 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Companies and told them that they were to be commanded by me as Lieut.-Col. to his Majesty's regiment of guards, and to receive orders from me, which they heartily sub- mitted to. In which charge I have so carried myself that I hope none has just cause of complaint. " My Lord, I hope your lordship will signify this to his Majesty, in obedience to his royal commands. I am so sensible of your lordships favour and kindness, that I know not how to express myself or return thanks. I shall only entreat your lordship will look upon me as "My Lord, " Your lordship's faithful and " humble servant, " LINLITHGOW." " I pray God to bless and preserve our gracious master and I shall not be afraid of my private condition although it be bad enough. I desire your lordship to remember I have no foot company." This letter conclusively disposes of the statement that Lord Linlithgow was appointed Colonel of the Foot Guards in 1660. There seems little reason to doubt that Lord Middleton had hopes of being made Colonel-in-Chief of the new raised Regt. of Foot Guards — hence Lord Linlithgow's appointment as Lieut.-Colonel without a Company. Sir James Turner records in his Memoirs that he did not receive his Commission as Major and Captain " till a year and a half after his appointment when the King sent him one." This was 12 Feb. 1664, and we may take it that Lord Linlithgow received at the same time his Commission as Colonel and Captain. An undated and hitherto unpublished letter from the Earl of Rothes to Lauderdale (Add. MS. 23121, fol. 26, modern spelling) begins as follows : — " My deare Lord. " I have this day received the Commissions for the officers and have already spoke with the Earl of ' Linlitheu ' and ' turner ' who are very well satisfied with what is resolved upon, neither could it be otherwise for I found their inclinations tending that way before I delivered it to you as my opinion." When Linlithgow was made Colonel of the Foot Guards and given a Company the post of Lt.-Colonel became vacant. So far as can be ascertained it was not filled up till 28 July, 1666, when Turner was promoted (Memoirs). Between 1664-1666 Lt.-Colonel George Curror and Lt.-Col. Wm. Borthwick had succeeded the Duke of Lenox and the Earl of Mar as Captains in the Foot Guards, these two noblemen having respectively the command of Independent Companies at Dumbarton and Stirling. Lt.-Col. James Alexander was also given a Company before 1666. In July, 1666, his Majesty caused his Regiment of Guards to be increased from seven to ten Companies. In Sept., 1667, the three companies added the previous year were struck off the strength of the Guards, " and sent to France to serve under Lord George Douglas in that Kingdom." The King's letter to the Privy Council of Scotland, dated 29 October, 1667 (p. 17) gives the names of the field officers and senior captain of the Foot Guards ; and the " Establishment of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland," "dated at Whitehall, 8 October, 1667 " (Appendix) fixes the rate of pay for the officers and soldiers of the seven Companies of Guards. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 15 HIS MAJESTY'S FOOT GUARDS, 28 JULY, 1666. COLONEL AND CAPTAIN. George, Earl of Linlithgow. 1 LT.-COLONEL AND CAPTAIN. Sir James Turner. 2 MAJOR AND CAPTAIN Col. Wm. Urrie. 3 CAPTAINS. Major Alex. Thomson. 4 Lt.-Col. James Alexander. 6 Lt.-Col. George Curror. 6 Lt.-Col. Wm. Borthwick. 7 [James] Leith. 8 [Adam] Rutherford. 9 [Patrick] Melville. 10 SURGEON Dr. Christopher Irvine. 11 1 See special memoir as a Commander-in-Chief. 2 Wrote his autobiography and the Pallas Armata. Eldest son of Patrick Turner Minister successively of Borthwick and Dalkeith. Educated at Glasgow University ; M.a! 1631. Enlisted in Sir James Lumsden's Regiment in the service of Gustavus Ado'lphus. Attained the rank of Captain in the German wars. Appointed Major of the Earl of Kirkcudbright's Regiment in the Covenanting Army in 1640, though he never took the Covenant, when said Army lay at Newcastle. Within a year was sent to Ireland as Major of Lord Sinclair's Regt. to fight against the Irish Rebels. After the surrender of Newry to the English Turner returned to Scotland, 1644. Rejoined the Covenanting Army and invaded England, 1645. Appointed Adjt. General of the Scots Army, 1647. Joined the Duke of Hamilton's Army (" Engagers ") raised to invade England and rescue Charles I. Hamilton's forces were routed at Preston by Cromwell, and Turner surrendered himself prisoner to Lilburn at Uttoxeter 25 Sept. 1648. Imprisoned at Hull for 15 months. Released by Fairfax and allowed to go abroad. Returned to Scotland in 1650, and landed at Aberdeen 2 Sept. Appointed Adjt.-General and Colonel in the Royalist Scots Army. Fought at Worcester, and was taken prisoner. Escaped and joined Charles II. in Paris. Was employed by Charles II. on diplomatic missions. Knighted at the Restoration. Appointed Major of the Scots Foot Guards in Sept., 1662. Lt.-Col. 28 July, 1666. " Resorted to his old method of billeting soldiers on recalcitrant Covenanters, and extorting fines" {Did. Nat. Biog.). This was one of the causes of the Pentland Insurrection. Taken prisoner by the Covenanters at Dumfries in Nov. 1666. Made his escape same month. Was subsequently tried by Charles IPs orders for cruelty and oppression. Deprived of his commission in March, 1668. Appointed Major of the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. Md. Mary White, an Irish lady. 3 Son of John Urry, " of the most ancient and noble family of the Urrys of Pitfichie in the county of Aberdeen," and younger brother to Major-General Sir John Urry, who changed sides more than once during the Civil Wars, and was eventually beheaded at Edinburgh, 29 May, 1650 (see Appendix). Wm. Urry was a staunch Royalist. In 1648 he was wounded in an engagement while serving in Scotland under General Middleton (Turner's Memoirs). In 1651 Col. Urry joined the Northern Royalists under Middleton, 16 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 and -we find the signature " W. Horrie " attached to the manifesto issued by the " Northern Band and Oath of Engagement" (Cromwell's Scotch Campaigns, 1650-1651, by W. S. Douglas, p. 159 note). When the Scottish Forces were re-modelled in Oct. 1667, Col. Wm. Urry's majority was, by the King's orders, given to Sir James Turner (whose former post of Lt. -Colonel had been bestowed on the Earl of Kellie) and TJrry made senior Captain (p. 17). On 3 March, 1668, TJrry succeeded Turner as Major, and held this post until his death, which occurred at Glasgow in the autumn of 1673. He had a Grant of Arms in 1672-3. His Will was proved at Glasgow 18 Dec. 1674 (see Appendix). Col. Wm. TJrry left issue by his wife (Jane Scott), a son John TJrry, Editor of Chaucer, whose memoir is given in the Diet. Nat. Biog. * A devoted Royalist. His parentage and early services have not been traced. He is believed to have served with General Middleton's forces at Loch Garry (in which engage- ment the Royalists were signally defeated in June, 1654, by General Morgan) and to be identical with the Thomson named in the Queen of Bohemia's letter to Secretary Nicholas, dated from the Hague, 29 Sept. 1654 : — " There reached here one Thomson, one I have seene before : he tells all the particulars of the defeat that is so bragged of. He saith they were dispersed upon it, but it is aboue flue weekes since he came from thence, being come thourough (sic) England by his countrie, the borders, where in his passage he mett with a partie where he was hurt and lamed, but for all that he is gone to the King. He much complains of diuisions amongst them " (Evelyn's Diary, Vol. IV., ed. 1854, pp. 211, 212). Major Thomson was with his Company in Edinburgh at the time of the Pent- land Rising, and helped to keep order in the City. Knighted about 1667. He died 18 Oct., 1667, and was buried in the High Church, Glasgow, where is a monument to his memory, with a Latin inscription which has been thus translated : — " Consecrate to the memory of Sir Alexander Thomson, Knight, sometime a most famous, valiant, and most vigilant Captain in the King's forces, who fell asleep in the Lord piously and pleasantly, 18 October, 1667. " The nation's honour, virtue's love, renown, Adorn'd this Captain, while the earth upon ; His lasting fame, reporting what he was, Will far surpass a monument of brass. " This grave is sacred, venerable dust ; For, here are laid the ashes of the just. Life did bring death to me ; but, here's my gain, By death I do a better life obtain." Dame Janet Balvaird, relict of Sir Alex. Thomson, Knt., d. in 1705, and her Will was proved at Edinburgh that year. See Appendix. 6 Eighth and youngest son of Wm., 1st Earl of Stirling. Entered the University of Glasgow, 1635, and subsequently served in the Royalist Army. Md., 1st, 16 Aug. 1656, Margaret, dau. of Capt. David Scrimgeour, and secondly, about 1668, Grizel, dau. of James Hay, 2nd son of George Hay, 2nd Earl of Kinnoull, by whom he had a dau. Margaret, bapt. 23 June, 1669, one of the witnesses at which ceremony being George, Earl of Linlith- gow (Memorials of the Earl of Stirling and House of Alexander, Vol. I., pp. 257, 258). Left the Army 2 Dec. 1668. Under date of 9 Dec. 1671 is recorded the burial of Colonel James Alexander in the Register of Greyf riars' Church, Edinburgh. 6 A certain George Curror was of Houdone, Co. Selkirk, in 1648. On the Committee of War for Co. Selkirk, 1648-9. He had to pay £600 at the Restoration, for delinquency during the Usurpation, before receiving a free pardon (Acts of the Parliament of Scotland). Under date of 10 Oct. 1667, there is a " Precept to Sir Wm. Sharp for paying to the Companies of Capts. Alexander, Borthwick, and Currier, three months preceding the 1st Oct., amounting to £11,340 " (Treasury Records). Lt.-Col. Curror was knighted before 20 Sept. 1671, when "Protection" was granted to him for 3 years (Cal. S.P. Dom.). Commanded the Troops in Glasgow, 1670 (see Curror's letter to Lord Linlithgow in Appendix). Md. Elizabeth Lesley, 2nd dau. of Sir John Lesley, of Warden, and widow of Gordon of Cluny. This lady was a Roman Catholic, and in a " Return of Papists found in the liberties of Westminster, 1678," appears the name " Lady Currier " (House of Lords' MSS.). Sir George Curror d. about Sept. 1673. 7 Son of Col. Wm. Borthwick, of Johnstonburn. Raised a Company of Foot for Charles I. Was a devoted Royalist, and employed by Charles II. when in exile on secret missions. Applied to the Protector for a pass to Scotland in Sept. 1655. " He obtained his pass, but the Scottish Council laid a trap for him, and allowed him to return in order to obtain intelligence through intercepting him. His brother, Major James Borthwick, The Earl of Linlithgow's Commission from Charles II as Colonel of the King's Regiment of Foot (the present Scots Guards) : /l / -V -:/ ;f (Sfr %\ fnisj^&^mdmftl 'Com i If f (y c\> P r tefbttti nwreof* Wu) arei Hit? Jytly of a Cofonellam — ■*'■&- JfcU; * ~ . l\ : / mm* ft*, r ijfmwtmfi% hid f tJh-k ft ■ ^p^ait pumHrudlly h Ok ; ,«: #£ phWaEvre* Urdu flrfjJMX OK P'UV tetrfnih '■ -<^y ;J ■ -'. : . ./ i I f" rW ., $y Hie 4vxw of &arU of&lujWAour, §mhA rnsr SC C9iijiy James VII. in March, 1685. Out of the Regt. 30 Sept. 1690. 1680. COMMISSIONS IN THE FOOT GUARDS. Charles Auchmoutie 1 to be Ens. to Captain Innes's Cy. in the Regt. of Guard in place of George Murray Whitehall, 3 Jan., 16801 Alexander Livingstoun 2 to be Captain of that Cy. in the Regt. of Guard which was formerly commanded by James Carnegie of Phinhaven - - Whitehall, 9 Jan., 1680. William Hay 8 (son to the deceased Mr. John Hay of Aberlady) to be Lieut, to the Lord Livingstoun's Cy. in the Regt. of Guard Whitehall, 11 Feb., 1680. George MacGill * (brother to Viscount Oxenford), to be Captain of that Company in Our Regt. of Guards, which was formerly commanded by Captain Archi- bald Steward (sic) - Windsor Castle, 1 June, 1680. Patrick Lyon 5 (2nd lawful son to the Earl of Strath- more) to be Captain in above Regt. in place of George, Lord Livingstoun - Windsor Castle, 18 July, 1680. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V. Left the Regt. in Nov. 1683. a Ibid. See p. 20, note 1. s Ibid. Aide Major 19 June, 1688. Capt. in same Regt. 28 Feb. 1689. Out of the Guards before Sept. 1691. 4 Ibid. Major 1 March, 1689. 2nd Lt.-Colonel of the Foot Guards 1 Sept. 1691. Suc- ceeded Col. Maitland as Lt.-Colonel of the Guards 7 May, 1694. Served in Flanders 1689- 1695. Colonel of a Regt. of Scots Foot, vice Robert Mackay, 13 Nov. 1695. Said Regt. was reduced in 1697. Col. McGill was apppinted 2nd Colonel of the Scots Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards 12 May, 1702. 5 Ibid. Of Auchterhouse. Left the Guards about Dec. 1688. Joined the Earl of Mar's insurrection in 1715, and was killed at the Battle of Sheriffmuir in Nov. of same year. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 27 1681. COMMISSIONS IN THE FOOT GUARDS. John Winram 1 to be Major and Captain in Our Regt. of Guard in Scotland, commanded by the Earl of Lin- lithgow - . . Whitehall, 8 Jan., 1681. John Hay 2 of Baro to be Captain of that Cy. in Our Regt. of Guard, whereof Col. Wm. Borthwick was late Captain - - - Whitehall, „ „ Robert Murray 3 (lawful son of Sir Robt. Murray, deed, sometime Provost of Edinburgh) to be Capt.- Lieutenant of the Earl of Linlithgow's own Company in latter's Regt. in place of John Hay of Baro - Whitehall, ,, „ Lieut. James Maitland * (Lieut, to Capt. John Hay's Cy.) to be Qr.-Mr. of the Regt. of Guard in place of Lieut. Wm. Dundas - - - Whitehall, 4 March, 1681. Robert Keith 6 to be Lieut, to Capt. James Maitland in above Regt., as also Aid Major to said Regt. Whitehall, „ „ Alexander Hamilton 6 to be Ensign to Captain MacGill's Cy .in Our Regt. of Guard - Whitehall, 7 April, 1681. Alexander Livingstoune 7 to be Ensign to Captain Lyon's Cy. in Our Regt. of Guard - - Whitehall, 27 Oct., 1681. George Winram, 8 Yr., to be Ensign to his father, Major John Winram, in his Majesty's Regt. of Guard Whitehall, 22 Nov., 1681. 1 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. See p. 19, note 3. 2 Ibid. See p. 20, note 3. 3 Ibid. Of Melguni, Aberdeenshire. Captain 13 Sept. 1687. Major and Lt.-Col. 1 Sept. 1691. Bt.-Colonel 1 June, 1693. Lt.-Ool. of the Soots Foot Guards 13 Nov., 1695. Served at the battle of Landen in 1693, and at the siege of Namur in 1695. Appointed Colonel of a Soots Begt. in the service of -Holland 30 May, 1697; Brigadier- General 9 May, 1702 ; Major-General 14 April, 1704 ; Lt.-General 1 Jan. 1709. Served throughout Marlborough's campaigns, and was Gov. of Tournay at his death in 1719. Is said to have been father of General Count Murray, who was Commander-in-Chief of the Emperor Joseph's forces in the Netherlands. 4 Ibid. See p. 21, note 4. 5 Ibid. Capt. of Grenadiers in the Scots Foot Guards 19 June, 1688. Appointed Major of the Scots Fusiliers in 1689. In the Begimental Becords of the last-named corps (21st Foot) Major Keith is stated to have been killed at the battle of Steinkirk. But Luttrell,in his Brief Historical Relation of State Affairs, 1678-1714, says, under date of 26 July, 1692 : — "The following officers, said to be killed, are prisoners in the French camp, Colonels Eaton and Courthop and Major Keith" (Vol. II., p. 531). Major Robert Keith was appointed Lt. -Colonel of the Earl of Leven's Regt. of Foot 14 Sept. 1693 ; a Brigade-Major to the Foot in Flanders 18 June, 1695 ; Bt.-Colonel 23 Feb. 1705. 6 Ibid. Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685 ; Lieut. 19 June, 1688 ; additional rank of Captain 1 Oct. 1691. Possibly the Alex. Hamilton appointed Lt.-Col. of Sir David Colyear's Regt. of Soots Foot 9 May, 1694. 7 Ibid. Lieut. 1 March, 1689. Out of the Regt. before 1 Oct. 1691. 8 Ibid. Accompanied the Guards to England in Oct., 1688. Appointed Lieut, in Col. John Buchan's Scots Regt. before 1694. Wounded at the siege of Namur. Capt. in Buchan's Regt. 1 Aug. 1697. Half-pay same year. Appointed Capt. in Lord Mark Kerr's Regt. of Scots Foot in 1706. Was Major of last-named corps at the battle of Almanza in. 1707, where he was taken prisoner. Placed on half -pay as Lt.-Colonel in 1712. Living 1714. 28 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1682. COMMISSIONS IN THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Henry Straton 1 to be Lieut, to Major George MacGill in his Majesty's Regt. of Guard " Whitehall, 16 Jan., 1682. George Home 2 to be Captain of the new Company of Granadeers to be added to Our Regt. of Guard Windsor Castle, 19 June, 1682. Robert Somervell 3 (sic) to be 1st Lieut, to Capt. Home's Cy. of Granadeers in above Regt. - Windsor Castle, „ „ [Wm.] Davidson 4 to be 2nd Lieut, to above Cy. in said Regt. Windsor Castle, „ „ John Winram 5 to be Lt.-Colonel of the Regt. of Guard in place of the deceased Lord Rosse, and Capt. of a Cy. - Windsor Castle, 20 June, 1682. James Murray 6 to be Major of the Regt. of Guard in place of Major John Winram, and Capt. of a Cy. Windsor Castle, „ „ Charles Straton 7 to be Capt. of a Cy. in the Regt. of Guard in the place of deceased Lord Rosse Windsor Castle, „ „ 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VI. Brother to Lieut. David Straiton of the Scots Fusiliers. Appointed Qr.-Mr. to the Scots Foot Guards 18 June, 1688. Out of the Regt. same year. Living in 1710. See Will of Lieut. David Straiton in Appendix. 2 Ibid. Vol. VII. See p. 9, note 3. 3 Ibid. Promoted Capt. 28 Feb. 1689. Out of the Regt. before Sept. 1691. Served as a Private in the Scots Company of Foot in the French Army, 1693. His name appears in the " List of Rebels in France, 2 July, 1695." See " An Account of Dundee's Officers after they went to France," in Memoirs of Viscount Dundee (printed in 1714), p. 105. 4 Ibid. Promoted Capt. 28 Feb. 1689. Served in Flanders, 1690. Out of the Regt. before Oct. 1691. His name appears in the " List of Rebels in France, 2 July, 1695." Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx. p. 115. 6 Ibid. See p. 19, note 3. 6 Ibid. See p. 23, note 5. 7 Ibid. Son of Capt. Robert Straiton, who was brother to Alexander Straiton of that Ilk (see Straiton Wills in the Appendix). Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685. Left the Regt. as Capt. and Lt.-Colonel about Dec. 1688. " Creditor to Viscount Dundee for 5,000 marks by bond dated some years before the Revolution '' (See his Petition in Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx. p. 65). Appointed Qr.-Mr.- General in Scotland 27 March, 1707. Md. a dau. of Sir Andrew Forrester. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 29 1683. FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS IN THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS, 27 JULY, 1683.* The Earl of Linlithgow, Colonel. John Winram, Lt.-Colonel. James Murray, Major. Lieut. James Maitland, Qr.-Mr. John Stevenson, Marshall. Commissions, 1683-1684. Samuel Winram 1 to be Ensign to Capt. Wm, Innes in Our Regt. of Guards Whitehall, 27 Nov., 1683. John Loudian 2 (sic) to be Ensign to the Earl of Linlith- gow's own Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, 11 Dec, 1683. * From an original Muster Koll quoted in A Constable of France, by James Grant. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VIII. Promoted Lieut. 1 March, 1689. Out of the Guards before 1 Oct. 1691. In the "List of Scots Officers serving in France in 1693" appears " Capt. Samuel Winrame," and it is recorded that he served in Catalonia, and d. at Tourelles in the winter of 1693-4. Memoirs of Dundee's Officers, p. 113. 3 Ibid. Lothian. Lieut. 19 June, 1688. Believed to have accompanied the Guards to England in Oct. 1688. Out of the Regt. before 1 March, 1689. A certain " John Lawthian, portioner of King's Barns," had a Grant of Arms from the Lyon Office late in the 17th century. Add MS. 20701, Brit. Mus. 30 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 1684. COMMISSIONS IN THE FOOT GUARDS. John Baily 1 to be Surgeon to the Regt. of Our Guard - Whitehall, 31 Jan., 1684. Wm, Maine 2 to be Ensign to Capt. James Maitland's Cy. in above Regt. - - - Whitehall, 9 Feb., 1684. Alexander Urquhart 8 to be Captain of the Cy. of Grena- deers lately added to Our Regt. of Guard in Scot- land in room of George Home Whitehall, 21 May, 1684. Colonell James Douglas * to be Colonell of the Regiment of the Guard - Whitehall, 13 June, 1684. [Captain Thomas Hamilton 5 to be Capt. of the Cy. of Grenadiers in his Majesty's Regt. of Guards, in place of Capt. Alex. Urquhart killed in action - Whitehall, — Jan., 1685] . 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VIII. Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685. Believed to have accompanied the Guards to England in Oct. 1688. Out of the Regt. before 1 March, 1689. " Ibid. Lieut. 1 March, 1689. Out of the Regt. before 1 Oct. 1691. 3 Ibid. Fifth son of Patrick Urquhart, of Meldrum, Co. Aberdeen. Had been Gapt. in Dumbarton's Regt. An account of the action in which this officer lost his life is given in the special memoir of Lieut.-General James Douglas, in Part I. 4 Commission register among the Earl of Moray's MSS. See special memoir. 5 Commission register not forthcoming, but referred to in Hist. MSS. Commission Report on the " Duke of Buccleuch's MSS. at Drumlanrig Castle," Vol. II., p. 203, in a letter from the Earl of Moray to the Duke of Queensberry from " London, 3 Jan. 1685. .... Yesterday I receaved your Grace's [letter]. . . . I shoued it to the Duke [of York]. I spock to him according to your Grace's commands for Capt. Hamilton and he most graciously accorded my desire ; and I have ordered his Commission to be wreaten and I hope to have it amongst the first peapers to pass his Majesty's Royall hands." The Capt. Hamilton in question was Thomas Hamilton of Little Preston, whose commission as Capt. in the Duke of Hamilton's Regt. of Militia, dated " 10 June, 1679," is preserved at the Register House, Edinburgh. Left the Guards at the Revolution. Served heir to his father, Sir Patrick Hamilton of Little Preston, Co. Haddington, in 1705. Shortly after 1688, Col. Thos. Hamilton purchased " Olivestob" from his elder brother William. This estate is thus described in Tranent and its Surroundings (pp. 224-5) : — " Olivestob, a gentleman's seat hard by Preston, was previously called ' Holy Stob,' i.e. the place where the ' Host stopt ' in the way of the procession from Preston to Newbattle, an abbey of the Cistercian order." a © 2> UJ • 5 J < a SO u .« M s Q o 3 Vj < „r -J U. 3 o SI s 0! "g s X ■g a *3 8 S d e "> z e -; < ■^ ■ j © si H ~5 00 < s ^"^ S; Z r c o ^ 1 s < a •w u ■s £ s :■ £ THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 31 GAERISONS. 1661. EDINBURGH CASTLE. [John, Earl of Middleton, Constable and Governor]. [Capt. Robert Straiton, 1 Lieut. Governor]. DUMBARTON CASTLE. [Charles, Duke of Lennox and Richmond, 2 Captain and Governor]. [Major George Grant, 3 Deputy Governor]. STIRLING CASTLE. [John, Earl of Mar, 4 Captain and Governor]. 1664. EDINBURGH CASTLE. John, Earl of Lauderdale, 6 Constable and Governor - 8 June, 1664. f Sir Charles Erskine 6 of Cambo, Lieut.-Governor]. 1668. STIRLING CASTLE. [Charles, Earl of Mar, 7 Captain and Governor in his father's place - - - 1668]. [Capt. George Erskine, 8 Deputy Governor 1668]. 1 " Third lawful son to the ancient Baron of Lauriston or Straiton of that Ilk." {Matriculation Register of Lyon's Office-of- Arms, 1672-1721). On 4 June, 1663, the King signed an order at Whitehall, which was countersigned by the Earl of Rothes, for liberating Lord Lome from Edinburgh Castle and said order was addressed to " Captain Robert Straiton, Captain of Edinburgh Castle " ( Wodrow, Vol. I., 1829 edition, p. 380). Robert Mein writing from Edinburgh, on 4 March, 1664, to Henry Muddiman says : " Edinburgh Castle was given up by Captain Robert Straton, deputy governor, to the Earl of Kelly, deputed by the Earl of Lauderdale who appointed his (Kelly's) brother, the Lord Lyon, as deputy governor. . . . The Earl of Rothes, Lord Treasurer, delivered up the keys of the Castle to the Earl of Kelly and the old Captain drank the King's health and gave 32 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 them a dozen guns" (Cal. S.P.D.). Capt. Robert Straiton d. in 1674. See his Will in Appendix. 2 Sixth Duke of Lennox in Scotland and third Duke of Richmond in England. Created Earl of Lichfield in 1645. Raised a Company of Foot for garrisoning Dumbarton Castle in Sept. 1662. From his letter to Lauderdale given below it appears that Richmond had his eye on the Captaincy of the King's Life Guard in Scotland : — " Cobham y« 11 of Sp 67 " My Lord " I have heard from my Lord Duglas that my L d Nubrough is ded and w th all your lo phs kind advice w ch I asure you I shall follow & if in any thing I can be servisable to you I shall be glad to expres my self e " My Lord " Your lo pbs most humbel Servant " Richmond & Lenox." (From the original at the Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 35125, f. 163). Drowned at Elsinore 12 Dec. 1672, being at that time Ambassador to Denmark. Bd. in Westminster Abbey 20 Sept. 1673. All his honours, excepting the Barony of Clifton (which devolved on his only sister Catherine, Lady Ibracken) became extinct. 3 Fifth son of Sir John Grant of Fruichy. Major George Grant witnessed a document as " Governor of Dumbarton " on " 15 Aug. 1668." ( The Chiefs of Grant, Vol. III., p. 467). In 1675 he received a Commission to suppress robberies in the Highlands. His kinsman Wm. Grant of Cardells, writing to George Grant's brother, the Laird, on 30 Jan. 1661, says : " I wiss your mother had borne a grey ston quhen scho did bring forth Georg." (Ibid.) D. as Lieut.-Governor of Dumbarton Castle in 1681. * Fourth Earl of Mar and ninth Lord Erskine. D. in Sept. 1668. See reference to his Company of Foot on p. 13. 5 Comn. referred to in the Marquis of Queensberry's Comn. as Constable and Governor of Edinburgh Castle. Created Duke of Lauderdale in 1672. There is no need to enumerate the high posts bestowed on this historic personage by Charles II., who owed him a debt of gratitude for faithful service in the past, and for the nine long years spent by Lauderdale in the Tower of London after being taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester. For good or for bad, Lauderdale virtually governed Scotland from the Restoration until increasing bodily infirmities incapacitated him from work, and the uphill task of holding his own against the many enemies anxious to pull him down from his high position. The Duke died 20 Aug. 1682 at Tunbridge Wells, and was buried with great pomp in Haddington Church. He was succeeded as Constable and Governor of Edinburgh Castle by Wm., Marquis of Queensberry, in the Royal Warrant for whose Commission the date of Lauder- dale's appointment as given in the text is quoted. * Younger brother to Alexander, 3rd Earl of Kellie. Governor of Dumbarton Castle 1651. He served under Lieut.-General Middleton in the Scottish campaign of 1654 and was taken prisoner at the Braes of Angus same year. Appointed Lyon King of Arms in 1663, and installed in Holyrood Abbey by the Earl of Rothes (Lamont's Diary). Had the temporary appointment of Lieut.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle under the Earl of Kellie the acting Constable. The Archbishop of Glasgow, writing to the Archbishop of Canter- bury from Edinburgh, 26 Sept. 1664, refers to a riot which was quelled by " my Lord Lyon who came downe, with a few musquetiers, upon whose approach all fled " (Lauderdale Papers, Vol. II., Appx. p. xiv.). Created a Bart, in 1666. Appointed Lieut, of the Earl of Lau- derdale's Company in Edinburgh Castle, 5 March, 1672. A letter from the King to the Lords of the Scottish Treasury, 5 Sept. 1673, directed them to appoint Sir Charles Erskine of Cambo " Overseer of the Arms and Keeper of the Magazine in Edinburgh Castle." And on 26 Feb. 1675 the King writes and orders Erskine as Lieut.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle to receive Wm. Carstairs, a political prisoner, into his safe keeping. A touching anecdote is told in McCormick's Life of Wm. Carstairs of Sir Charles Erskine's twelve-year old son who relieved the dreary monotony of Carstairs' imprisonment by sympathy, com- panionship, and kindness. Sir Charles retained his posts till his death in Feb. 1677'. He was succeeded as 2nd Bart, by his son Alexander who was inaugurated Lyon Kine of Arms 27 July, 1681. B 7 This nobleman raised the Regt. now known as the Scots Fusiliers in 1678 D. in 1689. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 33 8 The following extract from the Acts of the Privy Council of Scotland refers to the above officer : — "Apud Edinburgh quarto die Junii 1668. The lords of his Majesties Privy Council being informed that by y care and diligence of Capt. George Erskein, Mr. Michaell Bruce a pretended minister who these diverse years by past hath made it his work to abuse y° people, and in contempt of the lawes presumed to keep frequent conventicles, preach, baptise, and administer y e sacraments, without any lawfull warrand is made prisoner within y" 5 Castle of Stirling, ffor qch service the said lords doe think fitt to returne him their thankes, and order and command him that he keip the said Mr. Michaell Bruce in close prison and suffer no person to have access to him except it be phisitians or chirurgeons till further order." Capt. George Erskine was 2nd son of John, Earl of Mar, by his 2nd marriage. He was for many years Lieut, of the Independent Company in garrison at Stirling Castle. His death is said to have taken place at " Muckall, 21 June, 1676." The New Scottish Peerage. 34 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 INDEPENDENT COMPANY IN EDINBURGH CASTLE. 1664. CAPTAIN. Alex. Earl of Kellie. 1 LIEUT. ENSIGN. CLEKK. Robert Maitland. 1 The following extracts from unpublished letters among the Lauderdale MSS. at the Brit. Mus. refer to Lord Kellie's appointment as Capt. of the Indep. Cy. in Edinburgh Castle, of which fortress he was temporary Governor from March-Sept. 1664 : — " Kellie the 8 of f eb 1664. "... there is a general report in this country that your Lordship hath prevailed with His Majesty to make me Captain Kellie in good earnest ... I do give some credit to it." (Add. MS. 23121, f. 42, modern spelling). " Edinburgh Castle the 19 of March, 1664. " My dear Lord " These are to acknowledge the receipt of your Ldps two last letters, which are very satisfactory ; according to your order I shall give twenty soldiers to the Earl of ' Lithkow,' of the most successful I can choose, and as soon as the gentleman who hath a commission from his Ma* to be Ensign Bearer to this company doth arrive I shall swear the soldiers to their colours. I shall have a care of Serjeant Sibbald as your Lordship doth command me to do, and although he had no relation to Sir Bobert Murray he is really useful. There is another Serjeant here whose name is Gil (? Gib) who doth understand every thing in the garrison better than any within it, and my Brother (who under your Lordship is to have a care of the magazine) cannot want him conveniently. For the 3rd Serjeant, I do expect him this night from ' Kilkerbris ' where he hath been for some months with 36 of the soldiers belonging to this company. As soon as he cometh I do intend to dispatch him. But I am engaged to put an honest, pretty lad in his place (who was an officer of mine at Worcester, and did lately serve your Ldsp in the citadel at Leith). But if your Ldp that (sic) the person whom you do mention in your letter should be preferred, it shall be done. There are two very good gunners belonging to the castle, and honest men, and a 3rd an English fellow who doth assist them at solemnities who doth not lay within the castle and hath but the wages of a private soldier ; the Serjeants and the gunners hath had hitherto but a shilling on the day, which indeed is too little, for less than eighteen pence it should not be in any place and far less in this garrison. There was not any clerk to this company formerly and therefore Bobert Maitland will come behind if your Ldp. does not prevail with His Maty for an establishment to him of 2 shillings per diem. I shall send to your Ldp a list of what officers doth and should belong to this garrison and what the pay should be, and in my opinion it will be fit that your Ldp. prevail with his Maty to superscribe that establishment, and then there will be no difficulty in procuring of our pay from my Lord Treasurer and my Lord Bellendyne. ... "KELLIE." (Add. MS. 23121, f. 66, modern spelling). THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 35 " Edinburgh Castle the last of March 1664. " My dear Lord, " I have this day sworn the company at this garrison unto their colours. . . . send firelocks for them, for it is not convenient that matchlocks should be in a garrison where there is a magazine. Your old servant Ro. Maitland is already established in his place and hath already received His Maty's pay. " KELLIE." (Add. MS. 23121, f. 77, modern spelling.) Alexander Erskine, 3rd Earl of Kellie, was a devoted Royalist. He was Colonel of Foot in Duke Hamilton's Army (1648) and was taken prisoner at "Worcester. Excepted out of Cromwell's Act of Grace, 1654. Lt. -Colonel of General Dalyell's Foot in 1666. Appointed Lt.-Colonel of the Foot Guards in Oct. 1667, which post he retained till his death in 1677. GARRISONS. 1671. John, Earl of Lauderdale, 1 to command all garrisons that shall from time to time be placed in the Bass with power to appoint a Lieutenant and inferior officers - 7 Sept., 1671. THE KING'S LETTER TO THE PRIVY COUNCIL*:— " ordering two soldiers out of every Company in Lord Linlithgow's Regiment, and four out of the Com- pany garrisoning Edinburgh Castle, making eighteen in all, to be transported to the Bass as soon as the place is ready to receive them 7 Sept., 1671." APPOINTMENT. [Robert Maitland 3 to be Lieut, and Deputy Governor of the Bass . - 7 Sept., 1671.] 1 Cal. S.P.D. 1671. The Bass was purchased from Sir Andrew Ramsay, Lord Provost of Edinburgh, by the Government, at Lauderdale's suggestion, as a state prison, for £4,000. Charles Maitland of Soutra, Lauderdale's kinsman, acted as Governor from 1678 (? ) to the Revolution. This officer, with sixty soldiers from the Bass, attempted to disperse a large conventicle of about 1,000 persons assembled on Whitekirk hill, Co. Haddington, 5 May, 1678. " In the scuffle which ensued one soldier was killed and the rest surrounded and disarmed. Five of the conventiclers were afterwards apprehended and tried by the Privy Council. One of them, James Learmouth, was sentenced to death and executed, though he had not killed the soldier" (Hist, of Co. Haddington). When the Bass Rock was seized by the Jacobites at the Revolution and held for the exiled monarch, Charles Maitland was arrested on a charge of treason and imprisoned. On 23 Dec. 1692 William III. issued a " Warrant for a letter of Remission of treason to Charles Maitland late Lieut, of the Bass." Cal. S.P. Dom. *Ibid. 3 Commission not forthcoming, but referred to in the Grant of Arms to his son Captain James Maitland from the Lyon Office (Matriculation Register, 1672-1721). Robert Mait- land was dead before 19 June, 1682, when Charles Maitland of Soutra, said to be a son of the late Governor, was appointed Lieut, and Deputy Governor of the Bass. 36 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 GARRISONS AND INDEPENDENT COMPANIES, 1672-1673. Sir Charles Erskine * of Cambo, Lyon King at Arms, to be Lieutenant to the Earl of Lauderdale's Foot Company now in garrison in Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, 5 March, 1672. Royal Grant to William, Earl of Wigton, 2 to be Governor of Dumbarton Castle - - - Whitehall, 5 Feb., 1673. Commission to William, Earl of Wigton, 2 to be Captain of the Foot Company in garrison in Dumbarton Castle whereof the late Duke of Lenox and Rich- mond was Captain Whitehall, „ ,, John Auchmoutie 8 to be Ensign of the Duke of Lauder- dale's Company of Foot in garrison in Edinburgh Castle - - - Whitehall, 1 Nov., 1673. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. II. See biog. notice on p. 32, note 6. 2 Ibid. Wm. Fleming, 5th Earl, served as Ensign in Gen. Dalyell's Eegt. in 1667. Appointed Lt.-Colonel of Sir G. Monro's newly-raised Regt. of Foot in 1674. D. in 1681. 3 Ibid. Believed to be eldest son of Sir Alex. Auchmoutie of Gosf ord, which property latter sold to the Wedderburn family. John Auchmoutie's Commission was renewed by James VII., 26 Feb. 1685. Promoted Lieut. 31 Dec. 1686. During the siege of Edinburgh Castle in 1689 this officer refused to obey the Duke of Gordon's orders when latter wished to surrender the Castle. GARRISONS AND INDEPENDENT COMPANIES, 1677. John Drummond 1 of Lundin to be Lieut, of the Foot Company in Edinburgh Castle whereof John, Duke of Lauderdale is Captain and Governor of said Castle - - Whitehall, 13 Oct., 1677. [Do. 1 to be Lieut.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle in suc- cession to Sir Charles Erskine of Cambo — — Oct., 1677.] 1 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IV. (see biog. notice on p. 21, note 1). His Com- mission as Lieut.-Governor is not forthcoming, but is referred to in Douglas's Scottish, Peerage and other works. The date of his appointment as Lieut.-Governor is given as " 1680 " in some Peerages, but it was undoubtedly in Oct. 1677. See the King's letter regarding Lundin to the Lords of the Treasury, dated 13 Oct. 1677, quoted at length in the chapter on " Artillery," p. 42. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 37 GARRISONS AND INDEPENDENT COMPANIES, 1680-1683. John Areakin 1 (brother german to the Laird of Alva) to be Ensign to the Earl of Mar's Company in Stirling Castle - - Whitehall, 10 Sept., 1680. James Ramsay 2 to be Ensign to the Company of Foot in garrison in the Castle of Dumbarton whereof the Earl of Wigton is Captain ... Whitehall, „ „ Charles, Duke of Lenox and Richmond, 3 to be Com- mander of Dumbarton Castle in place of the Earl of Wigton, deceased, and to be Captain of a Company in garrison there Windsor Castle, 12 July, 1681. Major George Arnett 4 (sic) to be Lieut, of the Company of Foot in Dumbarton Castle in place of Major George Grant - - Windsor Castle, „ „ Alex. Livingstoune 6 of Bedlervy to be Dep.-Governor of Blackness Castle under the Earl of Linlithgow Whitehall, 19 Oct., 1681. Charles Maitland 6 to be Lieut, and Deputy Governor of the Island of the Bass - Windsor Castle, 19 June, 1682. Warrant for Commission to Wm., Marquis of Queens- berry, 7 to be Constable and Governor of Edinburgh Castle in room of the Duke of Lauderdale, deceased (who was appointed Constable and Governor by Commission under the Great Seal of Scotland dated 8 June, 1664) - - - Whitehall, 21 Sept., 1682. Commission to Wm., Marquis of Queensberry, 7 to be Captain of the Company of Foot in Edinburgh Castle - ..... Whitehall, „ Warrant for a Commission to Major Andrew White 8 of the Earl of Mar's Regt. of Foot to be his Majesty's Lieut.-Governor of the Castle of Edinburgh Whitehall, „ „ Commission to Major Andrew White 8 to be Captain of the Company of Foot in Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, „ „ Commission to James, Earl of Perth, 9 to be Captain and Governor of the Isle of the Basse - - Whitehall, 24 Oct., 1682. Warrant for a Commission to Captain Archibald Stewart, 10 brother german to Alex., Earl of Moray, to be Lieut.-Governor of Stirling Castle in room of the late Capt. — Erskine, Dep.-Governor Whitehall, 1 Dec, 1682. Commission to Capt. Archibald Stewart 10 to be Lieut, of the Company of Foot in garrison at Stirling Castle under Charles, Earl of Mar, the Governor Whitehall, „ „ Warrant for a Commission to Major George Arnot u to be Lieut.-Governor of Dumbarton Castle - Whitehall, 15 Dec, 1683. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V. The Hon. John Erskine of Carnock, 3rd son to David, Lord Cardross. Was for some time an exile in Holland. Appointed Lieut.- Governor of Stirling Castle in 1689 and Lt.-Gol. of Lord Cardross's Dragoons same year. ' Ibid. Comn. renewed 30 March, 1685, by James VII. 38 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 3 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. Comn. renewed 30 March, 1685, by James VII. Natural son of Charles II. by the Duchess of Portsmouth. Born 29 July, 1672. Md. in Jan. 1693, Anne 2nd dau. of Francis, Lord Brudenell, and relict of Henry, Lord Belasyse of Worlaby. D. 27 May, 1723. Progenitor of the present Duke of Richmond and Gordon. 4 Ibid., Vol. VI. See biog. notice on pp. 11-12, note 5. 5 Ibid. See p. 24, note 7. 6 Ibid., Vol. VII. See p. 35, note 1. I Ibid. Third Earl and first Marquess. In May, 1682, constituted Lord High Treasurer of Scotland and one of the extraordinary Lords of Session. Advanced to the Dukedom of Queensberry 3 Feb. 1683. D. in 1695. 8 In his Grant of Arms from the Lyon Office {Matriculation Register, 1672-1721) he is styled : " Andrew White, Major to the Earl of Mar's Regiment, eldest lawful son to Wm. Whyte of Markle and representer of that family." Believed to be identical with the Andrew "White who was commissioned Ensign in Lord George Douglas's Regt. of Scots Foot, 5 July, 1666. Sir James Turner, in his Memoirs, refers to a Captain White in con- nection with the disbandment of three Companies of the Scots Guards in Sept. 1667, which companies were to be sent to France to join Lord George Douglas's Regt. to which they had formerly belonged. On 23 Sept. 1678, Andrew White was commissioned Major of the Earl of Mar's newly-raised Regt. of Foot. Was sent from Lanark, in March, 1679, with Lieut. Dalzell and Ensign Menzies, in command of a small party of dragoons (the distance being too great for foot to. march) to disperse a large conventicle at Lesmahago where a sharp fight occurred {The Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., pp. 162-3). Served at Bothwell Brig and had a share in the subsequent " Forfeitures.'' Among the MSS. of the Duke of Buccleuch at Drumlanrig, printed by the Hist. MSS. Commission, are several letters to and from Lord Queensberry referring to Major White's repairs of Edinburgh Castle when Lieut.-Governor. He d. at his post in 1686. His widow, dau. of John Skene of Hallyards and first married to Sir James Anstruther of Airdrie, petitioned the King for a pension (Letter from James VII. to the Privy Council of Scotland, on behalf of Dame Katherine White, relict of Major Andrew White, dated 18 Feb. 168f ). Mrs. Katherine White married thirdly Lord Edward Murray, Capt. in the Royal Scots, youngest son of the Marquis of Atholl. 9 Ibid. Fourth Earl. Chancellor of Scotland. In Dec. 1688 embarked at Burntisland for France, to join James VII., but was captured at the mouth of the Forth and imprisoned in Stirling Castle. Liberated 28 June, 1693. Allowed to proceed to France. Made titular Duke of Perth and Marquis of Drummond by James VII. D. at St. Germains 11 March, 1716. 10 Ibid. See p. 20, note 1. II Ibid. See biog. notice on pp. 11-12, note 5. Major Arnot had been acting as Deputy- Governor of Dumbarton since July, 1681, but his Commission as Lieut.-Governor had, for some reason, been delayed. See the two Commissions in his favour from the Duchess of Portsmouth in the text. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688. 39 COMMISSIONS BY LOUISA, DUCHESS OF PORTSMOUTH, TO MAJOR GEORGE ARNOTT.* " 1682, January 30th. Commission by Louisa, Duchess of Ports- mouth, tutrix and guardian appointed by his Majesty to her son Charles, Duke of Lenox, heretable sheriff of Dumbarton, to Major George Arnott, deputy governor of the Castle of Dumbarton, to be sheriff depute of Dumbarton, and to hold the said office during pleasure ; dated at Whitehall. " 1682, January 30th. Commission by Louisa, Duchess of Ports- mouth (as above), to the said Major George Arnott, who has already been and must still be at considerable expense in his office of deputy governor of the Castle of Dumbarton during the absence of her son out of the kingdom of Scotland, and as the said charges ought in justice to be sustained by her said son as proprietor of the said castle, and captain of his Majesty's company in garrison there, she grants full power to the said Major George Arnott to uplift what is due of the pay of her said son as Captain foresaid which is eight shillings sterling per day and apply the same to his own use and behoof. Dated at Whitehall." * From the original Commissions preserved at the Eegister House, Edinburgh. 40 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 AETILLERY. 1661-1667. GENERAL OF THE ARTILLERY. Colonel James Wemyss.* * This distinguished artillerist and scientist was an officer of whom Scotland has every reason to be proud. The present writer takes some credit to himself for having con- tributed an exhaustive paper on Colonel James Wemyss's eventful career to the Royal Artillery Proceedings (Vol. XXIV) ; also a condensed memoir of this officer for the Dictionary of National Biography. James Wemyss, a direct descendant of Sir David Wemyss who fell at Flodden, came to London in the winter of 1629-1630 with his uncle Colonel Robert Scott and the latter's family. This same Colonel Scott, who belonged to the Scotts of Balwerie, had served under Gustavus Adolphus and had, according to his epitaph in the porch of Lambeth Parish Church, invented " the leather ordnance." Soon after Colonel Scott's arrival in London, Charles I. granted him a pension of £600. On Scott's death in 1631, his mantle fell on the shoulders of his nephew James Wemyss, who, in 1638, was appointed Master-Gunner of England, for which post he was in every way fitted. The army levied in 1639 to march to Scotland, and overawe the Scots, had a train of artillery attached to it under Wemyss's command. In 1640, we find among the notes taken at the Council of War by Secretary Nicholas, on 30 Jan., this memorandum :— "Secretary Windebank to move his Majesty for Mr. Wemyss, the Master-Gunner of England, and to give him his Majesty's command that he serve in the present army for the same pay he was listed to serve the last year. The train of artillery is settled and ordered to be drawn up by the Office of Ordnance." On the outbreak of the Civil War Wemyss cast in his lot with the Parliamentarians. He commanded the artillery in Sir Wm. Waller's army at the battle of Cropredy Bridge, 29 June, 1644, and was taken prisoner. On this occasion, " leather ordnance," made after Scott's invention and improved upon by Wemyss was first used in action by an English army. Lord Clarendon gives an account of the guns captured by the Royalist troops in above engagement. It is uncertain when Wemyss obtained his release, but, on 12 June, 1645, we find his signature attached to a Memorial for arrears of pay due to him and 130 Scots officers then in England. This proves that he was then serving with General Leslie's Army. In 1646 and 1648 Wemyss received monetary grants from the Navy Commissioners for proving naval ordnance and fitting the ships with the same. In March, 1648, Wemyss returned to Scotland, and on 27 March, same year, an Act was passed by the Scottish Parliament "granting to Col. James Wemyss the privilege of making leather ordnance for three terms of nineteen years with power to enforce secrecy. For casting m his lot with the " Engagers," Wemyss was deprived of his military post in England by the Parliament, 1648. On 10 July, 1649, the Scottish Parliament passed an Act nominating « Col. James Wemyss to be General of Artillery in the room and place of Col. Alex Hamilton." His pay was fixed at 600 Scots marks per month, and he was given, in addition the command of a regiment. In his new capacity, Weymss fought at Dunbar and escaped capture ; but thirty guns fell into Cromwell's hands. At Worcester, Wemyss »was taken prisoner and confined in Windsor Castle. Early in 1654 Wemyss obtained leave to go to Scotland for six months on the score of ill health. In May 1658 we find him approaching Cromwell on the subject of light ordnance which he (Wemyss) had invented Wemyss s petition to the Protector was read in Council, but had no further result At the Restoration Wemyss brought his services, artillery inventions, and monetary losses to the Kings notice see petition in the Appendix). Wemyss was restored to his posts of General of the Artillery in Scotland and Master Gunner of England. On 1 March, 1661, a new Act was passed by the Scottish Parliament, granting him « the privilege of making, selling and exporting to friendly countries leather ordnance for three terms of nineteen years from the date of the passing of said Act." A month later the Scottish Parlia- ment passed a new Act "in favour of James Weems, General of Artillery and Colonel Ludovic Lesley for drainmg mines." Two years later Charles II. granted a patent " to James Wemyss, and his son James, for the former's invention of light ordnance " In THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 41 1666 Wemyss left England for good and returned to Scotland. Prom his petitions to the King dated 24 August, 1666, and 29 November, same year, it is evident this great artillerist suffered many privations in his old age. He died in Dec. 1667. By his wife Katherine, widow of John Guilliams and daughter of Thomas Rayment, poulterer, of St. Botolph's parish, Wemyss left a son James, who owned the estate of Caskyberrie, Fifeshire, and was created, in 1672, Baron Burntisland for life. He married Margaret, Countess of Wemyss in her own right, and at his death, in 1685, left a son David, who eventually succeeded as 3rd Earl of Wemyss. Colonel Wemyss had only been dead a few weeks when Colonel Wm. Borthwick, of the Foot Guards, wrote as follows to Lauder- dale : — " Edinburgh the 11th of f ebru : 1668. ". . . . I did for see when that Company was bestowed on me, that being the youngest, I could not be so vsef ull to his Ma ties service as I desired, and your Lop. then nobiy promised whill you Could hold a pen not to permitt any place Convenient for me that should fall, to go by me. I am Confident not only in what relaitts to the magazins, but also to any party, post, or guarisone, I shalbe in a better Capacity to show^my Deuty to the Kings Service : Iff this motione relish with yo r Lop now whill ther is armes Come & more Comeing it is fitting they be tryed bef or they come into the Kings Magazine, and weell looked into after. And therfor seasonable to his Ma tte to signify his pleasour to the Counsell theranent, and that all marches may be red, yo r lop may Cause the leff to the Counsell to be somwhate of this nature ; Considerring ther is no generall artillery at present, and finding it Convenient to have one to oversee those affairs therfor nominatts (vpon what Considerations you please) [ sic. in original] to be Livetennant generall of the trane of artillery, and who is to Comand in any party post or guarisone as a generall StafE or f eild officer next and imediatly vnto the Earll off Kellie Liveten : Colonell to his Ma aes regiment off foott guards Comanded by the E. of Linlithgow. " Yo r lop most humbl faithful and obedient Servant, " BORTHWICK." (Add. MS. 23128, fol. 303.) ARTILLERY. STIRLING CASTLE. 1674. James Gairdner to be Gunner with same allowance as the Gunner at Edinburgh Castle, viz. 8s. Scots per diem - - - W'hall, 12 Dec, 1674. Cal. S.P. Dom. 1673-5. The Lords of the Treasury wrote to Lauderdale, 31 July, 1674 :— " . . . . There is no Gunner allowed in the Establishment for the Castle of Stirling. James Gairdner having discharged that employment as occasion offered, for which he has had little or no allowance. They recommend that his Majesty will put him on the establishment, as gunner with the same allowance as the gunner of Edinburgh Castle which is Eighteen (sic) shilling Scots per diem " (Add. MS. 35125, fol. 262.) 42 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "KING'S WARRANT FOR COMMISSION TO LUNDIE TO BE KEEPER OF THE MAGAZINE, &c," 1677.* '* Right trusty etc, Wheras by our letter of the 5th September 1673, wee did signify our royall pleasur to the (then) Lords Commissionars of our Thesaurey of that our auncient Kingdome for giving their commission to the deceast Sir Charles Erskin of Cambo, Lyon King at Armes as his warrand in the right oversieing the keeping of the armes and amunition in good condition which were bought and layd up some yeirs before in our Castle of Edinburgh for our service, and also did authorize them to pey unto him a yeerly allowance of the sowme of fifty pounds sterlin moe for his paines and care about the said armes and amunition. And wheras by the late deceas of the said Sir Charles Erskin, the said trust and charge is now vacant in our hands, these are to authorize and requyre you to grant your commission to our trusty and well-beloved John Drumond of Lundin (who is now, by our commission to command our garison of our said castle under our right trusty and right entirely beloved cusing and cowncellor, the Duke of Lauderdale, etc.) for his warrant in the right oversieing and keeping of the said armes and amuni- tion in good condition. And for this to pey to him, as a yearly allowance, the sume of fifty punds sterling money, at tuo termes in the year, Whit- sonday and Mertimes by equall portions, beginning the first terms pey- ment at Mertimes next ensueing the date of these presents, which wee will to be continued to him during his dutyfull ansuering this trust, of which (as often as you shall sie cause) you shall call for a particular accompt, and shall take a care and that the said armes and amunition be preserved in good condition. For doeing wherof this shall be your warrant. Given at our Court at Whythall 13th day of October 1677, and of our raigne the 29th yeer. Subscribitur by his Majestys command, " LAUDERDALE." * Treasury Register (2), 1673-1682, fo. 184. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 43 ARTILLERY AND ENGINEERS. 1671-1685. Royal Warrant for a gift to [John] Schlezer, 1 a Gentle- man of the German Nation, of the Office of Chief Engineer in Scotland at a salary of £10 sterling a month - Whitehall, 8 Sept., 1671. KING'S LETTER TO THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF THE TREASURY, " directing them to give orders for building fortifications of Castle of Stirling according to a design drawn by Slezer, the King's Engineer in Scotland, and to provide a Train of Artillery of twelve brass guns — four to carry a bullet of six pounds and eight of three pounds and to provide carriages for them and ajl other things requisite for such a train. " Whitehall, 30 November, 1672." (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. II.). Royal Warrant 2 for a gift of the office of Lieutenant of the Artillery in Scotland to John Slezer, his Majesty's Chief Engineer there with an allowance of five shillings per diem - Whitehall, 4 Mar., 1677. Royal Warrant 3 for a gift of the office of Master of his Majesty's Ordnance in Scotland to John Drummond of Lundin - - Whitehall, 19 Oct., 1680. 44 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1689 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PAY OF HIS MAJESTY'S ARTILLERY IN SCOTLAND AS IT WAS PAID BY THE LATE MASTER OF THE ORDNANCE. {Miscellany of the Maitland Club, Vol. III., pp. 81-2.) Conductor and Engineer 3s. Od. per d. stg. Master Fireworker - 3g. Od. 2 Master-Gunners and Fireworkers each 2s. 6d. - - - 5s. Od. 1 Master-Gunner and Quarter-Master - 2s. 6d. Battery Master - 2s. 6c?. 1 Corporall - Is. 3d. 1 do. - Is. Od. 15 Under Gunners, each 8d. 10s. Od. Carpenter and his man - 2s. 6d. Commissary and Store Keeper 2s. Od. Which severall allowances doe in 12 months extend to the sume of - £550 4s. Od. The Master of the Ordnance his pay or yearly fee is - ' " £150 0s. Od. In all £700 4s* Od. C.R. Newmarket 15 March, 168f. By his Majesty's Commiwd, MORRAY. CHARLES R. 16 June, 1684. Lieutenant to the Artillery his pay is - 5s. p. d. And as Engineer £120 sterling yearly 7s. l§d. APPOINTMENTS. [Lt.-General Wm. Drummond * of Cromlix to he Master of his Majesty's Ordnance in Scotland - - 8 Sept 1682 1 Royal Warrant 5 for a pension of £150 sterling to Lt.- General Wm. Drummond, Master of his Majesty's Ordnance in Scotland - - Windsor [Commission to Theodore Dury 6 to be Second Engineer with pay at the rate of 5s. per diem - Whitehall, 3 Jan., 1685.] wl W % mra B ooh for Scotland Vol. I. Lieut, of the Artillery in Scotland, 4 March, ™IL™ f "S S « n J° i h ?-n ° W S^ 1 *™ 8 ln 1681 t0 enlist master-gunners, fireworkers, and !?T Let n 6 ? C ° tS ^ tlller y- (His letters to Lundin, while abroad, are printed by the Hist. MSS. Commmzon .Report X., Part I., pp. 132-135.) Served at Bothwell Brig, and his name occurs in the List of those to whom shares were granted out of the forfeited estates. At the Kevolution Slezer was in command of the Scots Artillery Train, and did not give THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 45 in his adherence to William III. till after the battle of Killiecrankie. Was a well-known engraver on copper, and in 1693 brought out the first vol. of his Theatrum Scotim, which contained " prospects " of the most notable palaces, castles, noblemen's seats, &c, with descriptive letter -press. He was patronized by King William and Queen Mary, and had an Act passed in his favour by the Parliament of Scotland granting him a royalty on every ton of foreign ships which came into any Scottish harbour for the space of five years. But the expenses entailed by his magnum opus, and the irregular payment of the royalties granted to him, dragged Slezer into irretrievable debt, and obliged him to betake him- self to the sanctuary of Holyrood House, where he remained many years. His Commission as Captain of the Scots Artillery Company and Surveyor of Magazines, granted by William III. was renewed by Queen Anne in 1702 ; but his affairs became so hopelessly in- volved that he had to leave Scotland about 1708. The family tradition is that Slezer re- turned to Scotland and d. at Holyrood in 1717. Captain A. K. Slessor, late of the Derby- shire Regt. (grandson of Major-General John Slessor, who d. in 1850), is the present repre- sentative of Capt. John Slezer. 2 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IV. 3 lbid.,Yol. VI. See his Comn. as Capt. in the Foot Guards (p. 21) and biog. notice thereto. Fountainhall thus refers to Lundin's appointment as Master of the Ordnance : — " Drummond of Lundin is made General of the Artillery and conjunct with Dalzeell to officiate as General when he is absent which Dalzeell took ill." Historical Observes, p. 355. 4 Royal Warrant not forthcoming, but the King's Warrant, quoted in the text, for a pension to Genl. Wm. Drummond, as " Master of his Majesty's Ordnance in Scotland " is proof sufficient. 5 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII. See special memoir of Genl. Wm. Drummond. 6 Comn. register not forthcoming, but referred tip in a letter from the Hon. John Drummond, of Lundin, to the Duke of Queensberry, from " London, 3 Jan. 1685 I had by the same post a Commission for Dury & had upon your Grace's accompt bef or that time procured the King's order for his pay .... to make up 5 [shillings] in all out of the mony appointed for contingent expenses" (Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV., Appx., Pt. VIII., p. 203). Theodore Dury, a Frenchman, is named in the List of Officers of the Royal Engineers, p. 1, as having'ibeen appointed a Capt. in Mackay's Foot, 1 March, 1689, but the Comn. register is not forthcoming. He is also said in same List to have served with the " sea expedition of 1692," and " in Italy, 1694." He was appointed Chief Engineer in Scot- land, 25 Aug. 1702 (English Army Lists and Covin. Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. V, p. 226). D. 17 May, 1742. One of this officer's descendants is the present Theodore Henry Dury of Bonsall, Co. Derby, late 10th Hussars, whose daughter Antoinette md. the late Walter Macmillan Scott of Wauchope, Roxburghshire. 46 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 COMMISSIONS TO GENERAL OFFICERS 1666-1684. [Lieut.-General Wm. Drummond 1 to be Major-General of the Forces in Scotland - - - — July, 1666.] [Do. to be Colonel of a Regt. of Horse - „ „ j General Thomas Dalzell 2 to command all the Forces in . Scotland as Lieut.-General - - - Whitehall, 19 July, 1666. Do. 2 to be Capt. of a Troop of Horse which he is autho- rised to raise with all speed for the King's Service in the Regt. of which Lieut.-General Drummond is Colonel - ... Whitehall, Do. 2 to be Colonel of a Regt. of Foot to be forthwith leavied in Scotland, consisting of ten Companies Whitehall, Do. 2 to be Captain of a particular Company which he is to raise with all speed in the Regt. of which he is Colonel. Sir George Monro 3 to be Major-General of the Forces in Scotland as well Horse as Foot, and to be Colonel of the newly-raised Foot Regt. and Captain of Com- pany in the same - - Windsor Castle, 25 Aug., 1674. King's Letter 4 to Sir George Monro authorising him to command in chief His Majesty's Guards and all such other Forces, both Horse and Foot, " as shall be by Warrant of Our Privy Council of Scotland drawn together for opposing any Rebellion or Insurrection there " - . Whitehall, 27 Oct., 1677. Commission to George, Earl of Linlithgow, 5 to be Major- General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland, " in place of Sir George Monro, Our late Major-General whose Commission is hereby declared void " _ . Whitehall, 18 Dec, 1677. Do. 6 to Do. to be Major-General and Commander-in- Chief of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland - Whitehall, 17 May, 1678. 1679. Royal Warrant for a Commission to James, Duke of Buccleugh and Monmouth 6 to be General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland - - - Whitehall, 14 June, 1679. General Thomas Dalzell 7 to be Lieut.-General of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland - Whitehall, 19 June, M79. Royal Warrant for a second Commission to James, Duke of Buccleugh and Monmouth 8 to be Captain- General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland Windsor Castle, 29 July, 1679. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 47 REVOCATION OF THE DUKE OF MONMOUTH'S COMMISSION AS CAPTAIN-GENERAL IN SCOTLAND. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V.) King's Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland : — " Charles R. " Wee have lately thought fit to recall the Commission granted by Us to James Duke of Buccleuch to be General of Our Forces in that Our ancient Kingdome. Wee have also thought fit now to acquaint you that Wee look upon Our Lieut.-Generall (Generall Thomas Dalzell) to be the Commander in Chief of all our said Forces. White- hall, 1st Nov., 1679." [John Drummond 9 of Lundin, Master of the Ordnance and Lieut.-General, to officiate conjunctly with Lieut. -General Dalzell as General when the latter is absent - 19 Oct., 1680.] 1 Commission register not forthcoming. See special memoir of G-enl. Wm. Drummond as a Commander-in-Chief. a The originals of Genl. T. Dalyell's five Commissions named on p. 46 are at Binns. Copies of the same are given in Hist. MSS. Commission, 9th Report, Pt. II., pp. 236-237. See special memoir of Genl. Dalyell as a Commander-in-Chief. 3 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III., pp. 339-40. See special memoir of Sir G-. Monro as a Commander-in-Chief. 4 Ibid., Vol. IV. 5 Ibid. See special memoir of Lord Linlithgow as a Commander-in-Chief. 6 Ibid., Vol. V. See special memoir of the Duke of Monmouth as a Commander-in- Chief. 7 " This Commission was at the request of the Privy Council of Scotland." Note to Commission register in Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V. 8 The Royal Warrant for this Commission is printed in full by Dr. Osmund Airy in the Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., pp. 258-260. 9 Commission register not forthcoming, but quoted by Lord Fountainhall in his Historical Notices of Scottish Affairs (p. 355), who adds that Dalyell took Lundin's appoint- ment ill. 48 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 LIEUT.-GENL. WM. DRUMMOND'S REGT. OF HORSE, AUGUST, 1666.* TEOOPS. Genl. Dalyell's. Lt.-Genl. Drummond's. Duke of Hamilton's. Earl of Atholl's. Earl of Airlie's. Hon. Charles Maitland's. ADDITIONAL TROOPS IN GENL. DRUMMOND'S REGT. RAISED FROM JANUARY— MARCH, 1667.* Earl of Annandale's. Earl of Kincardine's. Earl Marischall's. Earl of Dundee's. Lord Drumlanrig's. Lord Carnegie's. * See Muster Bolls of all the TroopB in Genl. Drummond's Begt. of Horse (with the exception of Lord Carnegie's Troop), under date of Sept., 1667, on pages 49-51 ; 55-77. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 49 GENL. BALYELL'S TROOP OF HORSE IN LIEUT.-GENL. DRUMMOND'S REGT. RAISED IN AUG. 1666.* CAPTAIN. Genl. Thos. Dalyell. LIEUT. COENET. James Halket. 1 * See Muster Boll of this troop at its disbandment in Sept. 1667, on p. 55. 1 Referred to in the letter given below {Add. MS. 23125, f. 28, modern spelling) : — " My Lord " I thought at my being with your Lordship, by your L's procurement, his Majesty had conferred on me the choosing of the officers of my regiment and troop so that I must intreat your L. to know the meaning of His Majesty's recommending James ' hakit ' and Mr Ines ; if it be absolute and without exception of any other chosen by me. Which if it be I shall discharge all I have written to, and cheerfully obey his Majesty's command and expect such officers as his Majesty shall be pleased to make choice of. Now My Lord as my only patron I must beg a line to direct me in this business though I believe I could accommodate James hakit, according to your Lord- ship's command, without any breach of engagement to others. So being a bad scribe I shall conclude with this that I am and shall continue, My Lord, " The humblest and most obliged " of all your Lordships servants DALYELL." " Newcastle the 3 of August 1666." " For the Earl of Lauderdale sole secretary to his Majesty for the Kingdom of Scotland." Cornet James Halket, of the Pitfirran family, had served in 1664 at Tangier as Cornet of Capt. Fitzgerald's Troop of Horse (English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661- 1714, Vol. I., p. 42). Resigned his Comn. in Genl. Dalyell's Troop in March, 1667. Obtained a Comn. in Lord George Douglas's Regt. in the service of France. Attained the rank of Major before April, 1679, when Dumbarton was quartered in Ireland (Irish Army Lists, by Charles Dalton, pp. 127-129). Commanded the sixteen Companies of his regiment at Tangier and greatly distinguished himself against the Moors. A doggerel drinking song of the Royal Scots (printed in 1681) records the bravery of Halket and other officers. Verse 12 runs thus : — " Hacket led on the Van, Hey boys, ho boys : Hacket led on the Van, Ho! Hacket led on the Van, Where was killed many a man, Hey the brave Scottish boys, Ho ! " On his return home Halket was knighted by Charles II., and given a pension of £150 per annum on the Scottish Establishment " in consideration of the many and acceptable services performed to his Majesty by Sir James Halket, not only in many places of Europe but also upon several occasions in opposition to the Moors" (King's Letter to the Scottish Treasury, dated 4 July, 1681). Sir James Halket d. in Oct. 1684. 50 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 THE DUKE OF HAMILTON'S TKOOP, AUGUST, 1666.* (See Muster Roll of this Troop at its Disbandment in Sept., 1667, on p. 59.) CAPTAIN. Wm., Duke of Hamilton. 1 LIEUT. Sir Thos. Hamilton of Preston. 2 COENET. QR.-MK. Lt.-Colonel Ker. *London Gazette 1666 (Numb. 81 col. 1). " Edinburgh, August 14. " This day the Duke of Hamilton mustered his Troop of 95 Horse compleat, and Sir William Murrey his of 60, all able brave persons, for the most part old Officers, and few under the quality of Captains of Horse." 1 See biog. notice on p. 59, note 1. 2 The following unpublished letter is among the Lauderdale Papers at the Brit. Mus. {Add. MS. 23125, f. 11) :— „__ T , " Ed'- 17 July, 1666. " My Lord, " Since it has pleased his Ma ae to honor me with the comand of on off the troopes to be raised here, I shall endever to answer that trust w' as much care and fidelitie as I can. I have thought on Sir Tho : Hamilton of Preston to be my lieutenant. I shall not offer to give your lo s a carracter of him because I beleeue he is better known to you then to me. He is said to be a good and gallant officer. The rest I intend to pitch on shall be such as may suply my unskilf ulnes in that Imployment, and I dout not but to be as soon ready as some others, and shall leave nothing undone w'in my power to witnesse my affection to his Ma ,ies service. . . . " HAMILTON." Sir Thos. Hamilton succeeded by entail to the estate of Preston on the death of his grand- father, Sir John Preston, in 1644. He fought for Charles II. at Worcester. Resigned his Commission in above Troop, Nov. 1666 ; D. in 1672, and was succeeded by his son William, who was created a Bart, of Nova Scotia, 5 Nov 1673 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 51 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSION, NOV., 1666. LIEUT. Col. Harry Maule 1 in room of Sir Thos. Preston. 1 " Upon Preston's quiting being my Leut." wrote Duke Hamilton to Lauderdale, 8 Nov. 1666, "I was spoke to by Coll. Maule and some others in his behalf to bestow that charge on him which I agreed to" (Add. MS. 23125, f. 136). Col. Harry Maule of Balma- kellie, 2nd son of Patrick, Earl of Panmure, served as Colonel of one of the Aberdeenshire levies raised in 1648. Fought at Preston, where he was taken prisoner. Had a command at Dunbar. Md. Lady Jane Wemyss, daughter of John, Earl of Wemyss ; contract dated " 3 Aug., 1649." He d. the beginning of April, 1667, and was bd. in Holyrood Abbey Church, 8 April. Eegistrum de Panmure, p. 375. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSION, APRIL, 1667. LIEUT. Lord Forrester 1 to be Lieut, in room of Col. Harry Maule, deed. 1 " James Baillie, alias Forrester, Lord Forrester of Corstorphine, son-in-law of Sir George Forrester, Bt., 1st Lord. Son and heir of Major-General Wm. Baillie of Letham and Torwoodhead, Co. Stirling. Fined £2,500 by Cromwell's Act of Grace, 1654. D. 26 Aug. 1679, aged 50, being murdered by Christian Nimmo, his first wife's niece " (G.E.C.'s Complete Peerage). It appears from the following extract out of General Drummond's letter to Lauderdale dated " Edinburgh, April 16, 1667," that Duke Hamilton hoped to have had the appointment of his own Lieut., but the King ordered otherwise : — " I hear my lord Duke who is at present in Hamylton intended to have his cornet for lieut. And now I shall acquaint him of the King's purpose for ±he lord forrester" (Add. MS. 23126, f. 161). A month later Lord Forrester took up his appointment as Lieut, of the Duke's Troops, as mentioned in Hamilton's letter to Lauderdale. " Hamilton 14 May 1667 " My Lord, " When I was called to Edinburgh with my Troop on the appearance of the Dutch fleet my Lord Forrester come to me and presented his Majesty's Commission to him to be my Lieutenant and having that same day received your first I looked on it as fit for me to give obedience so I placed him. . . . " HAMILTON." (Add. MS. 23126, f. 212, modern spelling.) K2 52 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 LIEUT.-GENEBAL DALYELL'S REGT. OF FOOT, AUGUST, 1666.* (Disbanded in Sept., 1667.) COLONEL AND CAPTAIN. Lt. -General Thos. Dalyell, 19 July, 1666. LT.-COLONEL AND CAPTAIN. [Alex. Earl of Kellie. 1 ] MAJOR. CAPTAINS. Lt.-Col. John Hay. 2 Sir Wm. Bannatyne. Patrick Vans. 4 [ — Innes.] 5 8 * No list of this regiment is forthcoming, but Genl. Dalyell's Commissions as Colonel and Captain of a " Regt. of Foot to be forthwith leavied in Scotland consisting of ten companies," dated at Whitehall, 19 July, 1666, are preserved at Binns. Dalyell's Regiment took part in the action at Rullion Green, and was subsequently quartered at Ayr. Early in 1667 the regiment came to Leith, where they did good service, in April, when some Dutch Men-of-War appeared in the Forth, as narrated by Capt. John Strachan in a letter to the Navy Commissioners, dated " Leith, 30 April, 1667." See p. 27. 1 See his former Commission on p. 34 and note thereto. In a letter to the Earl of Lauderdale from the Earl of Kellie, dated " Leith the 1 of 10 ber 1666," the latter refers to "Genrall Dalyel my Colonel" (Add. MS. 23125, f. 173). It is uncertain whether Lord Kellie was Lt.-Colonel or Major of Dalyell's Regt. s Of Baro (or Barro), Co. Haddington. See reference to his Company in the P.S. to General Dalyell's letter to Lauderdale, dated 15 Jan. 1667 (fac-simile given in this volume). Third son of Sir John Hay of Baro and Lands, Clerk Register temp. Charles I. In Nicoll's Diary it is recorded that in the action of 27 April, 1650, at Strathechell, Co. Ross, "Lt.-Colonel Hay was taken prisoner." D. in 1675. The Greyfriars' Burial Register contains this entry : — " Col. John Hay in the Castle of Edinburgh, 21 May, 1675." 3 See Muster Roll of his Company when disbanded, 18 Sept. 1667, on page 79. 4 Of Barnbarroch, Co. Wigton. In a letter from Dalyell to Lauderdale from " Kilmar- nock, 27 Dec, 1666," the former writes: — "I beg his Majesty's pleasure concerning the supplying what vacant charges shall fall out in my regiment. Barnbaro (sic) has given up his Commission, and I will do nothing in supplying the place till your Lordship orders." (Add. MS. 23125, f. 267, modern spelling.) Patrick Vans was son of Sir John Vans of Barnbarroch. He md. Grizel, daughter of John Johnston of Annandale, Lord Justice General of Scotland, by whom he left at his decease, in 1673, a son, John Vans of Barn- barroch. Burke's Commoners, Vol. I., p. 438. 5 In a letter to Lauderdale from General Dalyell, dated " Edinburgh, 14 August, 1666," the latter writes :— " According to his Majesty's command I have placed Capt. Ines (sic), and have sent your Lordship here inclosed the list of all the officers that are as yet placed " (Add. MS. 35125, f. 137, modern spelling). It is uncertain who this officer was ; also whether he was " placed " in Dalyell's Regt. of Foot or Troop of Horse. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 53 NON-KEGIMENTAL APPOINTMENTS, 1666-1684. MUSTER-MASTER-GENERAL. Major [Wm.] Arnot, 1 1666. COMMISSARY-GENERAL. Sir Wm. Bruce, 2 Knt., Jan. 1667. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON-MAJOR. Commission to Christopher Irvin, 3 M.D., Chirurgeon- Major to the Guards in Scotland to be Physician and Surgeon-Major to all the Forces - Whitehall, 23 Dec, 1674. Commission to John Jossy, 4 Chirurgeon of Edinburgh, to be second Surgeon to all the Forces in Scotland Whitehall, „ „ MUSTER-MASTER-GENERAL. Commission to Sir Thomas Elphingstoune 6 (sic) of Calderhall to be Muster-Master-General of all the Forces in Scotland - - - Whitehall, 19 Feb., 1675. KNIGHT-MARSHAL. Royal Warrant for a new Gift (the old Patent being dated 31 Aug. 1660) to Sir John Keath 6 (sic) and his second lawful son John Keath, of the Office of Knight-Marshal of Scotland with fee of £400 per annum - .... Whitehall, 23 Dec, 1675. TOWN-MAJOR OF EDINRURGH CASTLE. Robert Johnston 7 [1675]. ADJUTANT-GENERAL TO THE FORCES. Commission to Mathew Hamilton 8 to be Adjutant- General of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland Whitehall, 27th Sept., 1678. SURGEON-MAJOR. Commission to Wm. Borthwick 9 (Chirurgeon-Burgess of Edinburgh) to be Chirurgeon-Major of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland - - - - Whitehall, 15 June, 1679. MUSTER-MASTER-GENERAL. Commission to Andrew Middleton, 10 of Pitgarvie, to be Muster-Master-General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland ... - - Whitehall, 7 July, 1683. 54 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1 Sir James Turner, in his Memoirs, refers to Major Arnot, the Muster-Master-General, having "marked out the ground" when the Scots Forces were about to engage the Covenanters at Pentland. Brother to the Laird of Ferny (Lamont's Diary, p. 186). Under date of 1670, Lamont records that "Major Arnot about this time came to live in the dwelling house of Achmoutie (sic) and the Lady Achmoutie . . . went to live in Dysart" (Ibid., p. 223). Appointed Captain in Sir Wm. Lockhart's Regt. of Scots Foot, 14 March, 1672. From the " Testament Dative of Major Wm. Arnot in Auchmouty, in the parish of Markinch," it appears that he d. in Dec. 1676. 2 General Drummond, in a letter to Lauderdale, dated 10 Dec. 1666, says, " Remember of Sir Wm. Bruce who is most necessary for us and the good of the service " (Add. MS. 23125, fol. 205). General Dalyell had already requested, in a letter to Lauderdale, dated " 29 Nov. 1666," that Sr Wm. Bruce might be appointed Commissary-General (Add. MS. 28747, fol. 8). Bruce received the appointment and the Army benefited considerably. He and General Dalyell advanced a considerable sum " upon their particular credits and sureties " to pay the arrears of the standing forces (Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 279). Sir Wm. Bruce, of Balcaskie, Co. Fife, was created a baronet 21 April, 1668, and was appointed the King's Surveyor-General in Scotland. He designed and built the quadrangular additions to Holyrood House as it now stands. Sir Wm. Bruce d. in 1710. 8 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III., pp. 145-6. See biog. notice on p. 4, note 4. 4 Ibid. Attended the Bishop of Orkney when wounded in the arm by a shot fired by James Mitchell, Covenanter, and gave evidence at the trial of the said Mitchell. Out of the Army before the accession of James VII. Fellow of the College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 1686. 5 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III., p. 184. " Sir Thomas Elphinston, of Calderhall, born 8th March, 1629, espoused 24th April, 1650, Jean, eldest daughter of Richard Lauder, of Hatton, and had issue. He was appointed 4th March, 1671, Muster-Master to the Militia in Scotland, and in the September of the following year received the honour of knighthood from the King's Commissioner, the Earl of Lauderdale. . . . He died in 1678." Burke's Commoners (first edition), Vol. II., pp. 371-2. 6 Ibid., p. 383. See biog. notice on p. 73, note 2. ' Comn. not forthcoming, but referred to in the " Protection " in his favour granted by the King on 8 Jan. 1675 for two years (Cal. S.P.D. 1673-1675). Under date of 15 Aug. 1682, the King made a " Presentation of the lands of Bogleholl, &c, in Co. Lanerick (sic) to Major Robert Johnstoun, Town Major of Edinburgh." Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII. 8 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III. Had served previously as a Gentleman Private in the King's Troop of Life Guards, and was " Adjutant in the Expedition to the West " (see Muster Roll given in A Military History of Perthshire, edited by the Marchioness of Tullibardine, p. 15). Narcissus Luttrell, in his Brief Relation of State Affairs, 1678- 1714, records, as Edinburgh news, under date of 10 June, 1693, that " Adjutant-Generall Hamilton, who was committed for refusing the oath, died in prison," Vol. III., p. 114. 9 Ibid., Vol. V. " Chirurgeon Burgess of Edinburgh," eldest son of Wm. Borthwick designed of Maysheill and Pilmore, and father of Captain Henry Borthwick of Pilmore, who served with the Cameronians (26th Foot) at Blenheim, and was killed at Ramillies in 1706. 10 Ibid., Vol. VIII. Comn. renewed by James VII., 30 March, 1685, and had a pension granted to him same year. Youngest brother of John, Earl of Middleton. In 1687 he purchased the estate of Balbegno, Co. Kincardine, from Andrew Wood. "Andrew Middleton got the lands of Caldhame and Pitgarvie by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Charles Ramsay of Balmain. From a minute of Presbytery in 1683, he appears, some four years before his purchase of Balbegno, as an heritor of the parish, and an office-bearer in the church, with the oversight of Earl Middleton's lands. After his death, in 1688, his son Robert became proprietor of Balbegno and married a daughter of George Ogilvy of Lunan." Cameron's History of Fettercairn, p. 102. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 55 1667. ANE LIST OF THE GENTLEMEN OF HIS EXCELLENCE GENERALL DALZELL HIS TROOP. [Troop raised in August, 1666.] George Campbell, 1 corporall ; Robert Dourie 2 ; Coline Pittscottie s ; Harie Scott ; Robert Scott ; James Stewart ; William Jacksone ; William Monteath * ; Cristopher Seattone 5 ; John Lilburne ; Alexander Seattone 6 ; John Scott; John Edmondstoun ; James Hendersone; William Thomsone; James Grahame ; John Hamiltoun ; Thomas Hart ; Patrick Herroune ; Archibald Erskine ; (Quartermaster) * William Broune ; William Broun, clerk : — Francis Dalzell, corporall ; Alexander Home ; John Turnbull ; Robert Sands; John Halyday ; Petter Hay 7 ; Henry Moir ; John Patersoun ; Matthew Brisbane ; Alexander Andersone ; John Beverlie ; Charles Andersone ; William Garrioch 8 ; Thomas Hendersone ; Gawin Dalzell ; Robert Dalzell, elder ; Robert Dalzell, younger ; Thomas Clerk ; John Knox ; (Generall) William Wallace ; (idem) William Grein ; Petter Branton, ferrior. Hary Stewart, 9 corporall ; David Muschett ; Georg Rutherfoord ; William Halyburten ; William Kirkwood ; Patrick Gib ; (p : ab :) John Red ; Patrick Thomsone ; John Oynes ; Robert Bell ; Patrick Dalzell ; Francis Turner ; Robert Douglas ; William Campbell ; John Dalzell ; Mungo Campbell ; William Craufurd ; Andro M'Carsie ; (L.) James Gibsone ; (L.) Hugh M'Lellan ; (Generall) William Little ; Duncan Ochiltree, trumpet ; Andro Barcley, trumpet. (Signed) Will. Arnott. * Words or letters in ( ) are inserted in the margin of the columns against the name following them. 1 In a letter from the Earl of Argyll to Lauderdale, dated 5 June, 1668, the former writes : " I am now thinking on one Major George Campbell for my Major, but am not yet resolved." (Add. MS. 23129, fol. 141.) Said letter refers to the Militia. 2 Robert Dury belonged to the old Fif eshire family of this name which was nearly allied to the Earl of Rothes. In 1672 he was appointed Lieut, in Sir Wm. Lockhart's Regt. of Scots Foot. Subsequently served as 1st Lieut, to Sir James Halket's Company in the Royal Regt. of Foot. Served at Tangier. Had £20 Royal Bounty for wounds received at Sedgemoor. Promoted Capt. 31 Dec. 1688. Believed to have served at Steinkirk and Landen. Died or left the Regt. in May, 1696. 3 Possibly Dalyell's old comrade Sir J. Balfour has left it on record that Thomas Dalyell of Binns and Colin Pitscottie, were chosen by the Committee of Estates, 6 May, 1651, to be " Generall Majors of Foot " (Vol. IV. p. 297). It is also on record that " Pitscottie's Regt. was ordained to attend the town of Perth during his Majesty's [Charles II.] abode there'' (Ibid., p. 117). Served as a Major-General at Worcester. Was taken prisoner and sent to the Tower. The name of Pitscottie was doubtless derived from the place of that name in Fif eshire. 56 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 4 Probably Wm. Menteath of Caribber, Co. Linlithgow. General Dalyell's elder daughter Magdalen md. James Monteith of Auldcathy. 5 Christopher Seton, 5th Baron of Cariston, son and heir of George Seton, 4th Baron. Born 1645, md. firstly, Eliz. dau. of Patrick Lindsay of Woolmerston, Co. Fife, and 2ndly, Helen, dau. of Watson of Atherny, and had issue by both wives. He d. 1718. Family, by George Seton. 6 Younger bro. to Christopher Seton. Md. Isabel, dau. of Lindsay of Pitskanly. " It was probably under the roof of Alexander Seton that Archbishop Sharp passed the night of the day before his murder (3 May, 1679) at Magus Muir, near St. Andrews." Ibid. p. 590. * Of Nauchton ? * Of Tilliebethie ? Appointed Capt. of the Grendr. Company in the Earl of Mar's Begt. 19 June, 1682. Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685. Left the Begt. 4 Sept. 1686. 9 A certain " Captain Harry Stewart, one of His Majesty's Life Guards," was buried in Greyfriars' Churchyard, 17 March, 1674. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 57 MUSTER ROLL OF LIVTENENT GENERALL DRU- MOND'S 1 TROOP AS IT WAS MUSTERED AT STIRLING UPON THE 18th OF SEPTEMBER 1667. [Troop raised in August, 1666.] Major Hary Drumond,* Brigadeir. Archibald Rolls ; s Robert Sincklare ; George Hoome of Argadie ; Hary Osburne ; Captain George Monro ; Captain Walter Leslie ; Captain George Norwall ; William Moncreife ; William Paton ; Thomas Drumond ; Patrick Drumond of Dubheids ; James Taillor ; Captain William Kenedie ; Archi- bald Auchinlek of Balmano ; William Blaire ; Adam Bell ; Francis Brown ; Alexander Glass ; Thomas Lidell. Major Hewgh Crawfoord,* Brigadeir. George Murray ; William Fleming ; Captain James Edmiston 5 of Newton ; John Dalap ; William Graham ; Mungo Graham ; Alexander Hamilton ; Umphray Stewart ; William Drumond in Pitkenatie ; Robert Graham in Monteith ; William Crawfoord of Sillihill ; David Moncreife of Tippermalloch ; Hewgh Moncreife ; John Watters ; Captain James Crichton ; 6 Livtenent John Crichton ; William Drumond of Cowhallie ; Captain Robert Forbes ; John Haliburton ; Thomas Sime ; John Dove. Patrick Cramond, Brigadeir. James Graham of Breaco ; Robert Graham of Cairnie ; John Strawchan ; James Dumbar; James Linton; James Landaills; George Lawson ; Alex- ander Cramond ; Lawrance Graham ; Hewgh Kenedie of Ardmillan ; Robert Dumbar : William Lenox ; James Hanna ; Thomas Dawling ; Edward Makbryd of Balmurie ; Captain John Drumond of Strathell ; John Chalmers ; James Moore ; William Moore ; John Fraizer. Sterling, 18 September, 1667. The troup conforme to the list abon- written wes seen and mustered this day by me conforme to the publick order given as witnes my hand the day and date f orsaid. (Signed) Geo. Erskine. According to the instructions given to Captain Erskine and Thomas Bunten, the wholl troop had intimation given them, and all of them declared they wold keep them for the King's service soe long as they live. Stirling the 20th September 1667 ; I say the 20th. (Signed) Jo. Drumond. 1 See special memoir, pp. 70-77, Part I. ' " The Convention of Estates Ordaines and comands Harie Drummond rootmaister (tie) to marche with all expedition with his troop from Perth to Dumfries & to be there on Thursday nixt the 18 of this instant [April, 1644] to attend Colonel Campbellis regiment " (Thomson's Actt of the Parlt. of Scotland). "In July, 1644, Montrose surprised the 58 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 garrison of Dumfries making prisoners of the Provost & men of a troop of horse, in the absence of their captain Harry Drummond of Pitcairne." Major Harry Drummond was Major of Lord Drummond's Kegt. 1659. Balfour's Annals, "Vol. IV., p. 226. 8 Second son of the 2nd Lord Bollo by his 2nd marriage. Served with the Royal Begt. of Foot, as a Captain, in the campaign against the Moors, 1680-1682. Left the Army on the accession of James VII. Is called " Major Bollo " in the Peerages. 4 Payment was made by the Convention of Estates to a certain Captain Hew Crawford of Clobarhill for £300 to the garrison of Berwick, 19 June, 1644. In 1651 a certain Hugh Crawford was a prisoner in the Tower of London. Cal. S.P.D. 5 " James Edmonstone of Newton of Doune " was attainted by Act of Parliament 14 July, 1690. He had been with Major-General Cannon's troops in the Highlands. Hist. MSS. Comn., 15th Beport, Appx., Pt. IX., p. 94. 6 Probably grandson of the Earl of Dumfries. On Committee of War for Dumfries in 1643. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 59 KOOLL OF HIS GRACE MY LORD DUKE HAMILTONS * TROUPE— 1667. Captains Squadron. John Hamilton, corporall ; Archbald Dowglase ; John Reid ; Robert Dalzell ; John Hamilton ; James Hamilton ; Alexander Creuikes ; William Starke ; Alexander Brand ; James Forrest ; Robert Hamilton ; Robert Mackmorran ; Patrick Mackmorran ; John Bailie : William Bailie ; Thomas Lithgow ; 2 Androw Lithgow ; 8 Alexander Hay ; Herbert Carlile ; John Porterfeild ; William Fleming. Lewtenants Squadron. Major William Murhead, 4 corporall ; Captain Jo. Miller ; Alexander Maxwell ; James Hamilton ; James Lightbodie ; William Cleland ; Jo. Miller ; James Jordon ; Jo. Hamilton ; James Alexander ; Robert Alexander ; James Hume ; Adam Boyde ; William Kennedy ; Jo. Dicke ; Gilbert Kennedy ; George Weir ; Richard Ker ; Mr. Androw Herriot ; Thomas Forrester ; John Browne. Cornet Squadron. Jo. Dowglass, corporall ; Captain Jo. Kar ; David Melvill ; David Wood ; Patrick Seatoune ; Francis Dowglass ; James Dowglass ; Alexander Hamilton ; Thomas Abernathy ; Ja. Forsayth ; James Lockhart ; Captain James Inglis ; James Inglis ; Jo. Wood ; Jo. Twedie ; Thomas Eldertoune ; William Hamilton; James Tod; Robert Crewkes; Thomas Padzen; James Hamilton. Greirsone, trumpett ; Wallace, trumpett ; Alexander Cobren, clerke ; Levetenent Collonell Ker, qertermaister. (Signed) Will. Arnott. 1 Lord Wm. Douglas, eldest son of the Marquis of Douglas by his 2nd marriage, was created, 4 Aug. 1646, Earl of Selkirk. He was a devoted Eoyalist, and fought against the Cromwellians in Scotland till obliged to capitulate to Monk. Selkirk md. Anne, Duchess of Hamilton in her own right, and by the latter's petition to Charles II. was created Duke of Hamilton for life, 12 Oct. 1660. President of the Council, 1667. When the Militia was raised in Scotland Hamilton was appointed Colonel of a regiment and Captain of a Troop of Horse. Deprived of these two Commissions for his opposition to the Duke of Lauderdale (MSS. of the Duke of Hamilton, printed by the Hitt. MSS. Commission, Eeport XI., Appz., Pt. VI., p. 155). When the Highland Host was let loose by Lauderdale upon the western counties of Scotland Hamilton went to Court, with 14 other noblemen and 50 country gentlemen, to complain to the King against Lauderdale's high-handed actions. Charles II. refused to receive Hamilton and his deputation. After Lauderdale's death Hamilton was restored to favour, and the King bestowed on him Lauderdale's vacant Garter. Hamilton died in 1694. 2 Thomas Linlithgow, or Lithgow, of Blainslie and portioner of Redpath (son of James Lithgow of Drygrange, Co. Roxburgh), was a Gentleman Private in one of the Troops of Scots Life Guards, 1667. D. before 1690. See pedigree of above family in Nisbet's Heraldic Plates, p. 57. 3 Brother to above Thomas Linlithgow. Born 1649. A Gentleman Private in one of the Troops of Scots Life Guards, 1667. Joid. 60 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 * Served with distinction against the Cromwellian Army in Scotland. General Monk, writing to Oliver Cromwell under date of 8 Feb. 1654, says : " I have written to yonr Highness before concerning two arrant rogues, Major Moorehead (sic) and Captain Wish- hart (sic) who being sent (among those late sent) to the Barbadoes are now returned into Scotland. One Lt.-Col. Browne, a Scotchman who had a good plantacion in the Barbadoes bought the men and set them at liberty." In 1655, when the Earl of Selkirk's party in Scotland surrendered on terms to General Monk, Muirhead was specially referred to in the Treaty, dated 19 May, as follows : — " That Major Wm. Moorheade, formerly of his Lordship's partie, giveing in good security bound in a bond of five hundred pounds sterling for his future peaceable deportment towards his Highness and the Commonwealth, shalbee alsoe indempnified in his person and estate for any thing done during the late warrs .... and to have the benefit of these Articles and to give his security to Captain Hilyard within six weekes after the date hereof " (Scotland and the Protectorate, pp. 247 and 283). Joined the King's Troop of Life Guards in Nov. 1677. Described in Muster Boll of said Troop for 5 June, 1678, as " son to Lauchop." (Military History of Perthshire, p. 13.) See also reference to Lachop in letter from James Murray, Clerk to the Life Guards, in his letter to the Earl of Strathmore, dated 15 Aug. 1678, given in the Appendix. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 61 A LIST OF THE EARLE OF ATHOLLE 1 HIS TROOP,* MUSTEEED BY ME WNDER SUBSCRIWAND AT DUNCE THE 16 DAY OF SEPTEMBER 1667 YEERS. Liewtenant — Sir William Murray. 2 Cornet — George Murray. 8 Quarter Master — Allexander Murray. 4 Capitaine Ramsay, 6 corporall ; William Murray ; 6 Charles Karr ; Jo. Hume; David Ramsay; George Murray; Abraham Hume; Jo. Murray; Ja. Hume ; Adam Haswell ; Allexander Byers ; Patrick Edmistoun ; Lawrence Bruce : Walter Maxwell ; Jo. Brown ; Ja. 'Fyffe ; Jo. Murray, Atholl ; Henrie Moncreiffe ; Allexander Murray ; Ja. Lindesay. Capitaine Innis, corporall ; William Stewart ; Mark Hume ; Robert Lewingstone ; Ja. Welsh ; Jo. Arroll ; Ja. Oiswalld ; Ja. Monteith ; William Hendersone ; Ja. Murray, Tillibarden ; Jo. Moncreiffe ; Jo. Kirk ; Thomas Hunter ; Archibald Campbell ; William Cowper ; George Hamiltoun ; Jo. Edger ; Gedeon Watsone ; Allexander Seatton ; Ja. Murray. Ja. Murray, corporall ; Harie Douglase ; Charles Achinmoutie ; Harie Scott; Ja. Adamsone; Jo. Johnstone; William Stewart, Atholle ; Patrik Murray ; William Aitchisone ; William Duncane ; Patrick Chisholme ; Nicoll Carnecroce; Robert Deanes; William Wilsone ; J a. Smyth; Ja. Achinmoutie; Jo. Murray, Falkland; Edmond Burion ; Walter Rodome. In all — 59 corporall and souldiours. William Smyth, trumpet. By wertew of an order directed to me from my Lord Commissionare his Grace and remnant Commissionares of the Thesaurie, the above named officiers and souldiours of the forsaide troop was exactlie mustered by me day and yeere and place forsaide as witnes my hand. (Signed) Robert Maine. [next page] Dunce, 16 September 1667. From the other syd — 59 men quherof ) ~ n u- of three corporalls, remains - - _ j 66 souldiours. Item thers absent four men, viz. George Murray, minor John Strange I n . Ja. Moncreef ' John Thomson ----- 60 men. 62 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Item — absent the Captan. Item — absent one trumpet cald J n0 . Ferguison. Item — absent Ja. M°Gie, clerk. Item — absent John Brown, ferior. Wee, Sir William Murray, Livtenant, George Murray, cornet, and Alexander Murray, quartermaster, declares that the four men above named with the trumpet, clerk and feriour, are absent upon forlof, and realy upon pay, conforme to the establishment. In witnes quherof wee have subscryvit these presents day and place forsaid. (Signed) W. Moray, Lieutenant ; G. Murray, cornet ; Alex. Murray, quartermaster. * Robert Mein, postmaster at Edinburgh, in a letter to Joseph Williamson, dated 14 Aug. 1666, reports that : " The Earl of Atholl's troop 60 well appointed gentlemen of quality, most of them old officers, was mustered" (Cal. S.P. Dom.). See also reference to this Troop in footnote to the Duke of Hamilton's Troop on p. 50. 1 Succeeded his father, when a child, as 2nd Earl of Atholl, of the house of Murray, in 1642. Took up arms in 1650 " to rescue Charles II. from the tyranny of the Covenantera " (Diet. Nat. Biog.) ; but was compelled by the King and the Estates to send in his submis- sion on pain of high treason (Ibid.). Joined General Middleton and the Earl of Glencairn, 1653, with 2,000 men. Forced to surrender himself and his 2 regiments, 2 Sept. 1654. Excepted from Cromwell's "Act of Grace," 1654. At the Eestoration Atholl was appointed a Privy Councillor and Sheriff of Fifeshire. Justice General of Scotland, 16 Aug. 1661. Captain of the King's Troop of Life Guards in July, 1670, and succeeded to the Earldom of Tullibardine same year. Keeper of the Privy Purse, 1672. Created Marquis of Atholl, 17 Feb. 1676. At the head of 2,400 men he accompanied the Highland Host on "the Western raid," in 1678 ; but being disgusted with the excesses committed against the Covenanters and their families, he separated himself from the Lauderdale faction and joined the deputation of noblemen who went to the King to plead for more lenient measures to be pursued in the West of Scotland. On 26 Oct. 1678, Atholl was deprived of his command as Captain of the Life Guards. In a contemporary journal occurs this notice : — " Atholl dispossessed of his place as Captain of the King's Guard by the Duchess of Lauderdale's caprice because his sone refused to marry her daughter " (Lauder's Historical Observes, p. 122). At the time of Argyll's insurrection, in 1685, Atholl was Lord Lieutenant of Argyllshire. The latter commanded the Militia forces sent against Argyll and his followers. It was chiefly owing to Atholl's untiring energy in following up the rebels that Argyll was captured and the rebels dispersed. James VII. conferred the Order of the Thistle on Atholl. At the Revolution this nobleman had difficult cards to play, as both Jacobites and Williamites made overtures to Atholl to secure his powerful influence for their respective sides, but he managed to steer clear of both Scylla and Charybdis. He d. 7 May, 1703. - Eldest son of Sir David Murray, Knt. of Stanhope, Peebleshire. For his fidelity to Charles I. during the Civil Wars, Charles II. created William Murray a Bart, of Nova Scotia, 13 Feb. 1664. He md. the Lady Janet Johnstone, dau. of the Earl of Hartfell, by whom he had 3 sons. 3 Of Pittencrieff. 2nd son of 1st Lord Elibank by 3rd wife. Appointed Cornet of the King's Troop of Life Guards, 20 Dec. 1670. Lieut, and Lt.-Col. of the said Troop, 8 Jan. 1682. On 31 March, 1696, "Lt.-Colonel George Murray of his Majesty's Horse Guards made a disposition to James, Earl of Panmure of his house and gardens in the Canongate of Edinburgh" (Registrum de Panmure, Vol. II., p. 345). Col. Murray left the Army before 1 Feb. 1698, and d. in 1702. 4 Appears to have been the eldest son of Sir Archibald Murray, 3rd Bart., of Black- barony, Co. Peebles. Succeeded as 4th Bart. Sheriff Depute, Co. Peebles. Executed a bond of tailzie of his estate in favour of his son-in-law John Stewart of Ascoy, with remainder to Lord Elibank. D.s.p.m. 6 Appears to have been Captain Wm. Ramsay, 4th son of the 1st Earl of Dalhousie, who was serving as a Gentleman Private in the Life Guards in 1678. See Military Hist, of Perthshire, edited by the Marchioness of Tullibardine, p. 12. 6 Possibly Lord Elibank's son who was a Gentleman Private in the Life Guards, 1678. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 63 THE ROLL OF THE EARLE OF AIRLIES TROUPE AS THEY WER MUSTERED BY MAJOUR HUGH BUN- TEIN AT DUNDEE, THE 17th OF SEPTEMBER, 1667, WHEN THEY WER DISBANDED. [Troop raised in August, 1666.] James, Earle of Airlie, 1 captaine ; Sir David Ogilvy a of Clovay, lieutennant ; James Lumsden 8 of Muntquhannie, cornet ; James Urquhart, 4 quartermaster ; Thomas Ogilvy, clerk ; Johne Peter, farrier ; Alexander Watt, trumpet ; Francis Bursie, trumpet. The Captaines Squad. Johne Ogilvy of Peill, corporall ; Robert Dalzell ; Mr. William Gray ; Captain James Ogilvy; Majour Johne Lyon; Colonell George Myllne; 6 Robert Ogilvy ; James Ogilvy ; William Arrat ; Alexander Ogilvy ; James Ogilvy ; Patrick Ogilvy ; James Ramsay ; Johne Gordone ; Johne Gibsone ; James Wood ; George Wood ; Johne Ogilvy ; David Ogilvy ; Thomas Ogilvy ; David Ogilvy. Cornets Squad. Captaine Johne Inglis, corporall ; George Beattone ; George Lumsden ; Robert Guthrie ; James Campbell ; James Vetch ; Alexander Bruce ; Gilbert Annand ; William Ross ; George Ogilvy ; William Straton ; Francis Irnis ; Alexander Ramsay; Johne Haitly ; George Mushet ; James Sym- sone ; Thomas Ropley ; James Meldrum ; James Falconar ; James Ogilvy ; David Ogilvy. Leivtennants Squad. George Ogilvy, corporall ; Patrick Urquhart ; Lodovick Fletcher ; James Strachan ; William Johnstoune ; George Ogilvy ; Lodovick Ogilvy ; George Falconar ; George Nairn ; James Auchinleck ; David Ogilvy ; James Ogilvy ; William Ogilvy ; Robert Kerr ; Robert Wishart ; Johne Gentle- man ; David Fenton ; Donald Fenton ; James Ogilvy ; Patrick Ogilvy ; Johne Ogilvy. All the afoirnamed persones in this roll refuses to part with ther armes, viz* their pistolls and hulsters. (Signed) James Urquhart, quarter- master. The roll of the Earlle of Airllies trowpe musterd at Dundee the 17 September, 1667. (Signed) H. Bontein. 64 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1 Second Eaxl. Played a distinguished part in the Civil Wars. As Lord Ogilvy he fought under the gallant Montrose and was taken prisoner at Philiphaugh. " Was tried and condemned by the Parliament at St. Andrews, but had the good fortune to make his escape in his sister's dress, the very night before he was to have been executed " (Douglas's Peerage of Scotland). Appointed Lieut, of the Earl of Bothes's Tp. of Life Guards, 12 June, 1674. Capt. of a Tp. of Horse, 23 Sept. 1678. When Lord Airlie quitted this command in Nov. 1682, Charles II. wrote him the following handsome letter : — " Whitehall, 25 Nov. 1682. " Wee cannot remember the constant fidelity of your family, the eminent loyalty of your Father, and the many singular demonstrations thereof given by yourself in your action* and sufferings for Our Royal Father and Ourselfe from the very beginning of the late accursed Rebellion until this day, without gracious and kind resentments suitable to your remarkable deserts. . . . Wee have given a Commission to your nephew the Laird of Meldrum to be Captain of that Our Troop of Horse which hitherto was commanded by you ; And doe reserve you for employments more proportionable to your quality and merits. . . . Wee have ordered £1,000 sterling money to be paid unto you forth of the first and readiest of the forfeited Estates therein mentioned" (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII.). Appointed Capt. in the Regt. of Scottish Horse, in room of his nephew, Adam Urquhart of Meldrum, deceased, 21 Nov. 1684. Commission renewed by James VII. in March, 1685. Retired 18 Oct. 1688. D. 1704. a Third son of the 1st Earl of Airlie. A devoted Royalist, who joined the Northern Cavaliers, under General Middleton, after the rout at Dunbar, and subscribed " The Northern Band and Oath of Engagement." A Scottish writer thus refers to Sir David Ogilvy in connection with the above-named party : — " One whose name compels attention . . . like most of the others just told over, was Sir David Ogilvy, to whom belonged the chief credit of the camisade or night attack [21 Oct. 1650] that had brought Sir John Brown's northward errand to an abrupt end. It was not the first affair of the sort in which that Ogilvy had taken part, whether on the winning side or the losing. It had been his lot to join in the memorable surprise and rout of the Campbells at Inverlochy, where his brother, Sir Thomas, got his death wound ; his too, as we suppose, to cut his way out of the betrayed ranks at Philiphaugh, where another brother, Lord Ogilvy, fell into the Covenanters' hands. The whirligig of time had brought over to the same side as the Ogilvies one of the commanders who had stolen a march upon their great leader on the latter occasion ; so that now it was in concert with Middleton — though we know not whether by his direct orders or by a move of his own at the head of the Cortachy and Clova men — that Sir David had effected the rout of Sir John Brown's squadrons" (Cromwell's Scotch Campaigns, by W. S. Douglas, pp. 159-160). Appointed Lieut, of Lord Ross's newly-raised Troop of Horse, 4 Sept. 1674. 3 ? Son of Robert Lumsdaine of Mountquhanie, Co. Fife, who was killed at the siege of Dundee in 1651. Appointed Capt. in Sir Wm. Lockhart's Regt. of Scots Foot, 14 March, 4 Third son of Patrick Urquhart of Meldrum, and nephew to the Earl of Airlie. Ancestor of the Urquharts of Craigston, Co. Aberdeen. Was appointed Qr.-Mr. to his brother's Troop in the Regt. of Scots Horse on the accession of James VII. Believed to be identical with the James Urquhart who was appointed Adjt. of Col. Ric. Cunningham's Dragoons in June, 1691, and subsequently became Capt.-Lieut. of said Regt. — the present 7th Hussars. 6 Col. George Milne, of Co. Aberdeen, was one of the " Colonels appointed in several shires for putting the Kingdom in a state of defence, 8 Feb. 1649." Thomson's Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. VI., p. 164. THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 65 LIST OF THE LAIRD OF HATTON 1 HIS TROOP THE 18 OF SEPTEMBER 1667. APPRO VEN BY CAPTAIN MAINE. [Troop raised in August, 1666.] Hawick, the 18 day of September, 1667. A List of the officiers and souldiours in the Laird of Hatton his troop, mustered by me, wndersubscriwand as fallowes : — Charles Maitland, 1 capitaine; Major "William Cockburne, 2 liewtenant; Ja. Foulles s of Colington, younger, cornet ; Robert Scott, 4 quarter master ; Jo. Maitland, clerk ; Jo. Booth, trumpett ; Ja. Broun, trumpett. Captain Lewes Lawder, 5 corporall ; Archibald Douglasse ; Jo. Logan ; George Gordoun ; Ja. Inglish ; Walter Patersone ; William Patersone ; Robert Maitland ; Jo. Wilsoun ; Jo. Dumbraicke ; William Scott ; Adam Muskett ; Mungo Androw ; William Finlay ; Jo. Arnott ; Mr. James Lawder ; Jo. Busbie ; Ja. Pollock. Major Ja. Gordoun, corporall ; Charles Lawder ; Jo. Colhoun ; William Hendersone; Ja. Haliburtoun ; William Clealand ; Mathew Patersone; Walter Pringell ; Hew Esdaill ; Archibald Aitchisone ; Robert Leitch ; Allexander Hoome ; Mungo Murray ; William Rosse ; Allexander Chis- holme ; David Dougleish ; Thomas Kennoway ; Gilbert Lewingtonne ; Jo. Geddesse. William Damahoy, 6 corporall ; Mitchell Balfour; Thomas Ord ; Arthour Hepburne ; Harie Pringell ; Francis Scott ; Walter Macdougall ; Thomas Craige ; William Macleshe ; Jo. Storie ; Ja. Weere ; William Smyth ; Ja. Sommerwaill ; Robert Shannan ; Ja. Wernar ; William Legatt ; William Temple ; Jo. Gordoun ; Jo. Binnie ; Ja. Gordoun. The totall of the souldiours besyds officiers is 54. By wertew of an order directed to me of the 13 of this instant from my Lord Commis- sionaire his Grace and remnant Lords of the Thesaurie, the abowewritten troop was exactlie mustered by me day yeere and place forsaide as witnes my hand. (Signed) Robert Maine. [Next page.] Hawick, 18th September, 1667. From the other syd — 54 men. Absents. David Merielies, feriour; John Gardner, soldier, Ja. Cowan, William M c ith (?), Ja. Smyth, George Storie, William Crawfurd — 06. In all 60 troupers. We the officers of the troup within designed declares that these sex men with the feriour above named are absent upon forlofes, and are realy 66 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 upon pay, as witnes our hands day and place forsaid. (Signed) Ch. MAITLAND ; Wl. COKBURNE ; JA. FOULIS. 1 Third son of the 1st Earl of Lauderdale and brother of the Duke of L . Md. Elizabeth, dau. and heiress of Richard Lauder, of Hatton, Co. Edinburgh, and obtained a charter from Charles II., 4 Dec. 1660, conferring on " Charles Maitland and his heirs male by his said wife the lands of Hatton, Norton, north and south Platts, &c, in aforesaid county." The laird of Hatton wrote a graphic account of the engagement with the Covenanters at Rullion Green, in Nov. 1667, to his brother, the Earl of Lauderdale, which letter is printed in the Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., pp. 248-252. In 1672 Charles II. conferred a baronetcy on Charles Maitland. He held the appointments of General of the Mint, Treasurer Depute, and one of the Judges of the Court of Session. The King granted him and his heirs, in 1671, the reversion of the ancient office of Hereditary Royal Standard Bearer of Scotland held by the Earl of Dundee. The last-named nobleman d. in 1668 without lawful male issue. At the Coronation of King Edward VII. Scotland's Standard was borne by Mr. Henry Scrymegour Wedderburn of Birkhill, Fife, but after lengthy litigation the Lord President of the Scottish Court formally ruled on 18 July, 1908, that the present Earl of Lauderdale, the heir-general of Charles Maitland, 3rd Earl of Lauderdale (who d. 1691), had proved his claim. 2 Son of William Cockburn of Skirling. " He had a sasine in 1668 of some portions of the lands of Peilflat,.in the parish of Newbottle and regality of Dalkeith, on charter from Wm., Earl of Lothian" (The House of Cockburn of that Ilk and the Cadets thereof, by T. Cockburn-Hood, pp. 252-253). Soon after the disbandment of the Laird of Hatton's Troop, Major Wm. Cockburn was appointed Under-Lieutenant to the Troop of Life Guards under the command of the Earl of Newburgh. The Privy Council, by decree dated 2 Sept. 1668, ordered Major Cockburn to march with a detachment of Life Guards to Galloway, and parts adjacent, " to make search . . . for any of the rebells, or excepted persons, and to persue them wherever they can be found." (See Appendix.) Major Cockburn appears to have retired from the Life Guards in April, 1681. He probably entered the Militia, as at the time of his death, which occurred at Stonie-flat, 6 June, 1683, he was styled Lieut.-Colonel. His wife was Mary Melrose, and by her he had a son named William, also in the Army. In Jan. 1692 this son was returned " haares Vicecollonelli Gulielmi Cockburne de Standanflat et Peilflat." EPITAPH TO MAJOR WM. COCKBURN. " Here lyes an honest heart, a valiant hand, Knew both how to obey and to command, A loving father, and an husband kind, A souldier both in body and in mind ; So stout that to the pale beholder's wonder He durst encounter the amazing thunder. And did the honour of the Scots advance ; By Prowess both through Germany and France ; His valour and his loyalty was seen Against the rebels at the Rullzion Green. He Hector and Ulysses both in one, Knew to match valour with discretion ; In point of honour when his spleen did rise, He quell'd his foes by lightning from his eyes. His martial frown it could at once controul, And cure the lethargie of a coward's soul. Nor did his worth alone consist in warrs, In him Minerva joyned was with Mars ; He owed a breast to which it did appeare, Valour and Vertue native tenants were ; Yea vertue sway'd her sceptre there, for both He fear and baseness equally did loath. And in his heart, which was a sign of grace, God, and the Church, and King, had chief est place ; As King and Church did gratefully regard him, So God hath call'd him home now to reward him. Therefore let's modestly bewail our crosse, Heaven's gain and his can never be our losse.'' —Scotish Elegiac Verses, 1629-1729, p. 34. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 67 3 Son and heir of Sir James Foulis, Bart., titular Lord Colinton. Succeeded his father as 3rd Bart. Was a Lord of Session and sat in the last Scottish Parliament in 1706, and subsequently had a seat in the first British Parliament. D. 1711. 4 Probably Robert Scott of Harwood, who had been a Justice of the Peace for Roxburghshire, 1656. 5 Descended from Sir John Lauder of Hatton. Probably father of Lewis Lauder, who was appointed Lieut, to Sir James Turner's Troop in the Regt. of Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. • Of Ravelrig. Brother to Sir Alex. Dalmahoy of that ilk. Md. Helen Martine. L 2 68 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 THE ROLL OFF THE EARLE OFF ANNANDAILLS 1 TROWPE MUSTERED BY SIR JOHN STRACHEN THE AUGHTEINE DAY OFF SEPTEMBER 1667 YEARS. [Raised in Jan. 1667.] [Robert, Master of Maxwell, 2 Lieut.] [John, Lord Lindores, 3 Cornet.] [Sir James Johnstone, 4 of Westerhall, Qr.-Mr.] James Ingleis, corporall; John Herries ; John Johnstoune; James Boyd ; William Mathers ; James Fergushill ; William Porteous ; Androw Kerr. John Broune ; James Carrutheres ; William Stewart ; Robert Lauder ; Thomas Kennedy ; William Johnstoune ; John Kerr, elder. Robert Kerr ; John Carrutheres ; Ninian Croser ; Patrick Gardner ; Robert Herries ; John Elliott. James Johnstoune, corporall ; William Warrand ; Thomas Birrell ; Patrick Blair ; James Johnstoune ; James Gibb ; Robert Johnstoune. Patrick Stoboe ; John Johnstoune, Breckensyde ; William Drybrugh ; Thomas Johnstoune ; Adam Law ; William Carrutheres ; John Irving. George Mercer ; Mungoe Johnstoune ; Bryce Blair ; 5 Androw John- stoune ; John Hendersone ; William Hendersone ; Robert Carrutheres. Robert Murray, corporall; Alexander Maxwell; William Inneis; Thomas Litherdaill ; Thomas Charteres ; John Hoome ; George Douglas. Robert Collinwood ; Henry Gray ; Thomas Bredforth ; David Maxwell ; William Cairlyle ; Hew Maxwell. John Murray ; Alexander Huttoune ; William Cunynghame, Re[id] ; William Herries; John Ker, younger; John Maxwell; John Meinzies; James Wilsone. William Couper, 6 clerk; Robert Greir, John Thomsone, trumpets; Gabriell Oliphant, ferrier. (Signed) ANNANDALE. 1 Original Commission in the Annandale Charter Chest, dated 1 Jan. 1667. James Johnstone, 2nd Earl of Hartfell. At the Restoration this nobleman was allowed to ex- change his title of Hartfell for that of Annandale, for which he got a patent with the original precedency of the Earldom of Hartfell. On 25 June, 1661, a special Act of Par- liament was passed in his favour in consideration " of the losses, fines, and sufferings sustained by the then Earl of Hartfell and his father for their loyalty. In 1644, father and son joined Montrose. The Earl of Hartfell was taken prisoner, kept in Edinburgh Castle for a year, and fined £12,000. In 1645 again joined Montrose and was once more taken prisoner at Philiphaugh, committed to several prisons, pursued for his life and after an expensive and tedious process fined £100,000 Scots" (The Annandale Family Book of the Johnstones, Vol. I., p. ccxxxvi.). Md. Lady Henrietta Douglas 4th dau. of William, 1st Marquis of Douglas, by whom he had issue. Lord Annandale was hereditary Constable of the Castle of Lochnaben by charter dated 3 April, 1662. He d. at Leith, 7 July, 1672, at the house of the Marchioness of Douglas, mother of his Countess. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 69 2 His name appears in the original pay lists in the Annandale Charter Chest. Succeeded as 4th Earl of Nithsdale. Was brother-in-law to the Earl of Annandale. D. 1685. 3 His name and that of the Quarter-Master appear in the original pay lists in the Annan- dale Charter Chest. John Leslie, 4th Lord Lindores, succeeded his father in July, 1667. His name appears in the list of those to whom shares of the " Forfeitures " were granted, in Dec. 1679, for services at Bothwell Brigg. D. 1706. 4 In 1679 this knight was cited as nearest of kin to William, Earl of Annandale. By Margaret, dau. of John Bannatyne, of Corhouse, he left at his decease, in 1699, a son John who was created a Bart, of Nova Scotia in 1700. 5 A cadet of Blair of that Ilk. Appointed Lieut, in Sir Edward Hales's newly-raised Regt. of Foot 20 June, 1685. Capt.-Lieut. 27 Nov. 1688. Adhered to James VII, at the Revolution. He was mixed up with Sir George Barclay's " Assassination Plot " in 1695. A reward of £1,000 was offered by Royal proclamation, 23 Feb. 1696, for any of the con- spirators — Bryce Blair being named as one of them. Blair turned King's evidence and saved his neck. Luttrell's Diary. 6 Described in The Annandale Family Booh of the Johnstones (Vol. I., p. ccxl.), as " servant to the Earl of Annandale and also as clerk to his troop." In the Annandale Charter Chest is " A bill of disbursements to the troop kept by Wm. Couper." From this document it appears that payments dated from 1 Jan. 1667. 70 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 A LIST OF THE EARLE OF KINCARDINS 1 HIS LORD- SHIPS TROOP OF HORSES, 16 SEPTEMBER 1667. [Troop raised in March, 1667.] The Captains Esquad = — Major George Bruce, 2 corporall ; Hans Adams, trumpett ; Major James Mercer ; s Captain Archibald Colvill ; 4 Johne Maistertone ; David Seatton ; William Bruce ; Mr. James Ker ; James Broun ; John Christie ; James Henderson ; William Blaickburn ; Robert Muckill ; George Angus ; William Ker ; William Douglas ; Heugh Innes ; Thomas Bartley ; Chris- tian Diziner ; Archbald Campbell ; George Bruce ; John Broun. The Cornetts Esquad : — Patrick Ker, corporall; James Inglis ; Michaell Bruce ; Robert Ramsey; David Kennewie ; Thomas Fairbairne ; Harie Grahame ; John Bothwell ; Adam McKubie ; John Simpson, Dysart ; Robert Bruce ; Thomas Arbuth- nett ; John Sheills ; Robert Elliott ; David Chisholme ; Allexander Tay- lour ; Patrick McKleran ; Robert Scott ; Robert Taylour ; Thomas Taylour; John Donaldsone. The Leiutennants Esquad : — Major David Lumsdain, 5 corporall ; William Wilsone, trumpett ; Androw Rutherf oord ; George Ker ; John Buchannan ; William Trotter ; John Hull ; William Fleeming ; George Widhouse ; Andrew Ker ; John Stewart; John Sandis, Overton ; Henry Bairner ; Robert Ker of Shaw; William Gray; John Simpsone, Culros; John Robertsone; John Taylour; John Mack ; Andrew Lessills ; Robert Ker ; Andrew Midelton. Captain Andrew Dick, 6 quarter master. George Mitchell, clerk. Andrew Walker, ferrier. Dumfermling, 16 September, 1667. This day the troup conform to the list abounvrytten wes seen and mustered conform to the publick order, as witnes my hand day and date forsaid. (Signed) Geo. Ekskine. 7 Acording to the instructiones given to Captaine Erskin and Thomas Buntyn the whole troup had intimatione given them, and ther was non that willingly would condiscend to part with ther armes for money. At Dumfermling the 17th of September 1667. (Signed) Andrew Dick. 1 Second Earl. Bishop Burnet, in his History of his own time, says this lord " was the worthiest man that belonged to his country, fit for governing any affairs, a faithful friend THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 71 and a merciful enemy." Lord Kincardine openly asserted that " he thought a well-ordered episcopacy the best of governments." (Letter from Kincardine to Archbishop Sharp, 6 Nov. 1665.) D. 9 July, 1680. 2 Grand uncle to the Laird of Clackmanan and Brigadier in the King's Troop of Life Guards in 1678. See Muster Roll of the Troop printed in A Military History of Perth- shire, p. 13. 3 Kinsman to Lord Kincardine. A cadet of the family of Mercer of Aldie. Living 1 May, 1672. See Justiciary Records, Yol. II., p. 105. 4 Given charge of the Fencibles in Linlithgowshire at £45 per mensem, in 1649. Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. VI. s Lumsdaine. Kinsman to Lord Kincardine, whose eldest sister had married Sir James Lumsdaine of Innergelly. 6 Probably of the Braid family. Lord Kincardine's aunt Nicholas Bruce had married secondly, a son of Sir Wm. Dick of Braid. Provost of Edinburgh. 7 See biog. notice on p. 33, note 8. 72 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ANE LIST OF THE EAELL MAEISCHALLS TEOUP OFFICEKS AND HOESMEN. [Troop raised in March, 1667.] The Earll Marischall, 1 captin; Sir Johne Keith, 2 levtennent; James Hay, 3 cornet ; Captin William Keith, 4 quartermaster ; Captin William Barklay, 5 Alexander Moncreiff, and William Logie of Bogheid, corpralls ; Andro Ramsay, clerk; Johne and James Getes, trumpeters; Georg Wat- sone, ferrier. THE CAPTINS SQUAD. Alexander Mylne ; Mr. Murein ; Georg Kay ; Robert Keith ; Andro Muncur; Mr. Johne Grainger; J a. Forbes; William Udney ; William Gray ; William Barklay ; Alexander Gordoun ; Hew Frisell ; Alexander Forgisone; Alexander Hay; Robert Keith, Brothertoun; J a. Ruther- furd ; Johne Wischart ; Robert Colysone ; Georg Dowglas ; Robert Ogilbie. THE CORNETS SQUAD. Lues Monteith ; Andro Balvaird ; Harrie Sinclar ; Paitrick Keith ; Alexander Hay, Blak ; Johne Grant ; Hew Smyth ; Alexander Lennox ; Thomas Wyr; Georg Ker; Johne Balvaird; Andro Gordoun; Ja. Gor- doun ; Johne Lumsden ; Mr. Ralph Hall ; William Gordoun ; Charles Hall ; Ritchard Barklay ; David Ogilbie ; Johne Cowie. THE LEVTENNENTS SQUAD. Alexander Wilsone ; James Broun ; Mr. William Logie ; John Ross ; William Johnstoun ; Robert Irving ; Alexander Fraiser ; Rodger Keith ; Duncan Grant ; John Forbes ; Lewes Tullo ; Walter Stewart ; John Logie; Alexander Gordoun; John Stewart; William Peirie'; Walter Lindsay ; Georg Pittendreich ; Georg Forbes ; William Ferquhartson. This is the just and trew list of the Earll Marischalls troup, that was mustered by Major Hew Buntin at Aberdein the 20 day of September 1667. (Signed) H. Bontein. I doe hereby testihe that none of all the gentlemen of the said troupe wold sell their pistolls nor hulsters. As witnesse my hand at Aberdein this 20th September 1667. (Signed) W. Keith. [In foot corner] 826" sterling. 1 Succeeded his bro. William as 8th Earl Marischal in 1661. Of this nobleman Douglas in his Peerage of Scotland says : " A man of undaunted courage and intrepidity, who, in his younger days, served in the wars in France and soon rose to the degree of a colonel ; but when the unhappy civil war broke out, he returned to his native country, and imme- diately joined the loyalists, and suffered many hardships during the usurpation. He died m an advanced age in the year 1694, leaving issue by Lady Mary Hay, daughter of George, Earl of Kinnoull, one only son and successor." THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 73 a On 2 Jan. 1676 Charles II. signed a warrant in favour of Sir John Keith, bro. of the Earl Marischal. Said warrant "recited a grant by letters patent of 31 Aug. 1660 to Sir John Keith in consideration of his services in preserving the crown, sceptre and sword from the rebels, of the office of Knight Marischal of Scotland for his life, for a new grant of the said office to the said Sir John Keith and to John his second son for their lives and the life of the survivor, fee £400 sterling per annum" (Cal. S.P.D., 1675-6). Was created Baron Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall, and Earl of Kintore, 26 June, 1677. D. in 1714. 3 Brother to Wm. Hay, 3rd Earl of Kinnoull and to the Countess Marischal. James Hay's appointment as Cornet is referred to by Genl. Wm. Drummond in a letter to Lau- derdale : " April 16, 1667 ... I find my Lord Marshal at a stand as to his Cornet, having engaged himself to the E. of Kinowl's brother before he understood your recommending of E. of Morray's [brother] " (Add. MS. 23126, f. 161). A certain James Hay was appointed Captain in Lord James Douglas's Regt. of Scots Foot, 20 Feb. 1678. 4 A certain Capt. Wm. Keith, son of Col. George Keith, was Sheriff Depute of Kin- cardineshire 1662-67. s Probably brother to Col. David Barclay, a renowned Royalist officer. The latter purchased the lands and barony of Urie, Co. Kincardine, from Wm. Earl Marischal. 74 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 THE ROLL OF THE EARLE OF DUNDIES TROUP AS THEY WEE MUSTERED BY MAJOUE HUGH BONTEIN AT DUNDIE THE 17th OF SEPTEMBER 1667 WHEN THEY WER DISBANDED. [Troop raised in March, 1667.] John, Earle of Dundie, 1 captaine ; Lord Napeir, 2 levtenent ; William, Maister of Ramsay, 8 cornet ; James Henderson, quartermaister ; William, Seatton, clerk ; Patrick Thomson, ferrier ; George Hump, trumpet ; William Bell, trumpet. The Captaines Squad. Majour John Innes, 4 corporall ; Mr. Charles Irwing; William Chaip; James Logane ; Andrew Ker ; David Edingtoune ; George Storie ; Harie Logane; William Blair; William Seattoun; Gilbert Clerk; James Ayssone ; Ritchard Storie ; James Mochrie ; David Murison ; John Porterfeild ; Patrik McArter ; Arthur Grahame ; James Hewart ; Peiter Sym ; James Steill. Captaine Hanse King, corporall ; Captaine William Lyon; John Gor- doun ; James Spense ; James Forbes ; Mr. Alexander Seattoun ; John Cruikshank; James Sinclair; John Davidsone; Alexander Hendrie; John Logane ; William Alexander ; Patrick Watt ; George Keith ; Mathew Murray ; John Logie ; Alexander Sibbald ; Robert King ; John Corstor- phing : James Ouchterlonie ; George Murray. Captaine George Bucham, 6 corporall ; Robert Symmers : John Scrym- sour ; Robert Ker ; Patrick Levingstoun ; William Lindsay ; Thomas Bailzie; James Pattoun; John Edger; Alexander Crag; James Cochrane; Thomas Burn ; John Lindsay ; David Phin ; James Cleppon ; William Logan ; David Thomsone ; Laurence Mortoun ; John Bairdie ; Andrew Balfour ; John Brysone. The roll of the Earlle of Dundees trowpe mustered at Dundee the 17 September 1667. (Signed) H. Bontein. All the aforenamed persones in this Roll refuises to part with their pistolls and hulsters. (Signed) T. Hendersone. 1 John Scrymgeour 3rd Viscount Dudhope and 1st Earl of Dundee. In Douglas's Peerage is the following notice of this nobleman : " He was a man of great honour and integrity, a firm and steady friend of the Royal family. He was colonel of the Forfarshire horse that were raised for Duke Hamilton's engagment anno 1648, and accompanied King Charles II. to the battle of Worcester anno 1651, and though he had the good fortune to make his escape, yet he suffered great and many hardships on account of his loyalty during the usurpation. But the King . . . was pleased to make him Earl of Dundee anno 1661, and appointed him one of his Privy Council. Had the office of Hereditary Standard Bearer of Scotland." He married Lady Margaret Ramsay, daughter of William, Earl of Dalhousie, but died without issue 23 June, 1668. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 75 2 Archibald 3rd Lord Napier of Merchiston. Succeeded in 1660. Had a new patent dated 7 Feb. 1677. D. a bachelor 1683. His estate and honours in virtue of above patent devolved upon his nephew Sir Thos. Nicholson of Carnock. 3 See mention of the duel he fought on p. 78. His father, Lord Ramsay, commanded the Midlothian Militia in 1667, as appears from General Dalyell's letter to Lord Lauderdale written from Leith 30 April : — "... 17 dutch men of war appeared in this firth ... it is expected they will assault this place . . . sent order to the lord Ramsay to call the forces of Midlothian to this place. To the E. of Winton to bring the forces of east lothian to Musselburgh, and to the E. of Callander and sheriff of Linlithgow to bring those shires to Queens- ferry . . . Haltoun's troop and two companies more of the general's foot are come to this place " (Add. MS. 23126, f. 184, modern spelling). Succeeded as 3rd Earl of Dalhousie. Appointed Lt.-Colonel of the Earl of Mar's newly- raised Regt. of Scots Foot (present Royal Scots Fusiliers) 23 Sept. 1678. D. in 1682. 4 Under date of 19 Jan. 1652, the Council of State in London ordered £10 to be given to the searchers at Gravesend for their care in apprehending Lt.-Col. Montgomery and Major Ennis (sic) who had escaped from the Tower. Cal. S.P. Dora. 5 " Son of John Buchholme in Belshiemline in Teviotdale." (A Military History of Perthshire, p. 9 and note). Serving as a Brigadier in the King's Troop of Life Guards in 1678 (Ibid.) Comn. renewed by James VII. in 1685 as " Brigadier & Lieut." He held his Commission until 5 Nov. 1688 (Ibid.). 76 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 MUSTEK EOLL OF MY LOKD DEUMLANGEIGES J TEOUPE MUSTEEED AT DEUMFEEIS THE 18th SEPTEMBEE 1667 BEFOE SIE JOHNE STEACHANE APPOYNTED BE MY LOED COMMISSIONEE AND THE LOEDS OF THE THESAUEIE FOE THAT EFFECT. [Troop raised in March, 1667.] George Wyndrome, 3 levetennent ; Robert Fergusone, 8 cornett ; William Douglas, 4 quartermaster; James Halloway, David Drumond, trumpets. Captanes Squad. William Douglas, corporall ; Johne Douglas ; James Stewart ; James Menzeis ; William Douglas ; James Jonstoune ; Robert Grahame ; Johne Wilsone ; Johne Douglas ; William Douglas ; Johne Fergusone ; Mathow Greir ; James Neilsone ; James Douglas ; William Sitleintoune ; Robert Allexander ; Robert Hendersone ; Andro Cunynghame ; Thomas Kirk- patrik ; Robert Cunynghame ; James Broune (deleted) ; Patrik Leslie. CORNEITTES SQUAD. Patrik Leslie, Corporall ; Thomas Fergusone ; Archbald Douglas ; Samuell Douglas ; William Charters ; William Glendinein ; Robert Gor- doune; James Maxwell; Johne Maxwell; Allexander Cunynghame; William Leslie ; Robert Stewart ; Johne Gordoune ; Hendrie Hathorne ; Allexander Inneis ; Johne Ewart ; Thomas Maxwell ; Robert Craik ; Edward Douglas ; James Wilsone ; George Kerr. Levetennents Squad. Mathow Dewlie, corporall ; Johne Fetherstoune ; Johne Hiltoune ; Jerveis Burbeck ; Justeice Storie ; Thomas Craikenthrope ; Andro Lette- mer; Lodovick Carlyle ; Johne Pearne ; Neall Lean; Thomas Smith; William Brohome ; Anthone Simpsone ; William Gordoune ; Ritchard Gibsone ; James Armstrong ; John Davidsone ; Hew Charters ; John Fergusone ; Steven Smith ; Ritchard Walker. Samuell Kirkpatrik, clerk ; Samuell Huntter, ferier. I, William Douglas, quarter master to my Lord Drumlangrigs troupe doeth declair that the gentlemen abovenamed mustered by Sir Johne Strachane is the just roll of my Lord Drumlangrigs troupe, and they all refused to delyver up their armes, being desyred be the Captan and the said John. This roll is delyvered be me to James Thomsone, Commissar of Kirkcudbright, as witnes my hand at Drumfreis the 19 September 1667. (Signed) William Douglas. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 77 1 Eldest son of Wm., 1st Duke of Queensberry. Appointed Lt.-Col. of the Regt. of Scots Horse 16 June, 1684. Accompanied his corps to England in Oct. 1688. Was one of the noble guests who supped with King James, at Andover, on the 24 Nov. 1688, and who, as soon as his Majesty had gone to bed rode off together to the Prince of Orange's camp {Lord Clarendon's Diary, II., p. 93). Appointed Col. and Capt. of the Scots Troop of Life Guards 31 Dec. 1688. " In 1690, he commanded a separate body of troops against the Highlanders, who had taken arms in favour of the late King " (Cannon's Records of the Life Guards). Succeeded as 2nd Duke of Queensberry in 1695. Was subsequently Lord High Commissioner for Scotland. Created Duke of Dover in 1708. Appointed one of the principal Secretaries of State for both kingdoms in 1710. D. in London, 6 July, 1711, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles, as 3rd Duke of Queensberry and 2nd Duke of Dover. • Winram or Winraham. Younger son of Lord Liberton who was mortally wounded at the battle of Dunbar. Appointed Major of Sir Wm. Lockhart's Regt. of Scots Foot 13 March, 1672. Previous to that date is said to have been Major of Lord George Douglas's Regt. Major of Sir George Monro's newly-raised Regt. of Scots Foot 25 Aug. 1674. Major of Col. George Legge's Regt. of Foot 18 Feb. 1678. Capt. in the Scots Dragoons 30 March, 1685. Lt.-Col. of last-named Regt. 30 July, 1686. Lt.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle 31 Dec. 1686. Pension of £200 granted him by James VII. same date. Sir John Lauder in his Historical Observes, writing under date of 1685, says: "Major George Winrame and other Popish officers got places in Scotland tho' our Test be stricter against them than the English " (p. 170). Col. Winram was Lt.-Gov. of Edinburgh Castle when it was held for James VII. by the Duke of Gordon in 1689. It is recorded by James Grant, the novelist, that : " Sir Robert Innes, Bart, of Orton served as a private under Col. Winram and married his daughter at a period long subsequent to 1689 " (A Constable of France, p. 272 note). In a " LondonNews Letter " of " 7 Dec. 1689 " occurs this intelligence :— " Letters from Scotland say that Colonel Windam (sic) late deputy governor of Edinburgh Castle, when it was under command of the Duke of Gordon, has endeavoured to make his escape out of the Castle where he has been kept prisoner, ever since the surrender of it, but was discovered and taken by the sentry." Cal. S.P. Horn. 3 Younger son of Alexander Fergusson, of Isle, Co. Dumfries. Md. Agnes Graham and had sasine of the lands of Lago, &c, in 1665. Burke's Landed Gentry. 1 Possibly the Wm. Douglas appointed Cornet to Lord Wm. Douglas in the King's Regt. of Scots Horse 4 Dec. 1684. 78 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 LOED CAENEGIE'S TEOOP OF HOESE, MAECH, 1667* CAPTAIN. Robert, Lord Carnegie. 1 LIEUT. CORNET. Sir James Hume. 2 * The following unpublished letter, damaged by damp, from the Lauderdale MSS. (Add. MS. 23126, f. 87), refers to this Troop :— "Edgfeb: 16 6 " I hope my Lord you will pardon me for this trowble since it flowes from my sense of this last & great obligation in obtaineing me A troop from the Kyng all ye returne I ame Capable to make y r lop for so high ane act of fawor & kindnes is yt next my endeavoring to doe his Majes 1 * : all ye serwyce I ame able my sole inclinations shalbe to deserwe in some measure ye honor of [your friendship & believe it my Lord you shall euer find me most gratefull. Adieu]. " CARNEGY." 1 Eldest son of James, 2nd Earl of Southesk. Is said to have been Captain of one of the Companies of Scottish Guards in Prance. On 12 April, 1666, Lord Carnegie fought a duel at Cupar " after cupps " with the Earl of Linlithgow ; the latter was severely wounded (The Wemyss Family Booh, edited by Sir W. Fraser, Vol. I., p. 305 note). Lord Carnegie served at Pentland under Dalyell. Succeeded as 3rd Earl of Southesk in 1669. Colonel of the Forfarshire Militia. D. 19 Feb. 1688. 5 Robert Mein, the Edinburgh postmaster, in a letter to Joseph "Williamson (Lord Arlington's secretary), dated " Edinburgh, 13 April, 1667," chronicles : — " A duel was fought in the Link of Leith between two parties and two seconds, the Master of Ramsay and Sir James Hume of Ackells [Eccles], William Douglas, brother to the laird of Blaikerston, and the laird of Spot, who were all wounded " (Cal. S.P. Dom., 1667). Sir James Hume, a Berwickshire knight, died from his wound. General Drummond in an unpublished letter to Lauderdale, dated " Edinburgh, 16 April, 1667," says : — " My Lord Carnegie's cornet Sir James Hume is unhappily killed." Add. MS. 23126, f. 161. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSION. George Home 1 of Wedderburne to be Cornet of that Troop in Lieut.-General Drummond the King's Major- General's Regt. of Horse of which Lord Carnegie is Captain Whitehall, 7 June, 1667. 1 This officer's original Commission is in the possession of Col. David Milne-Home (Hist. MSS. Commission, 1902, p. 107). Son of Lt.-Colonel George Home who was killed, with his father Sir David Home of Wedderburn, at the battle of Dunbar. George Home the yr. md. Isabel dau. of Sir Francis Liddell. He d. about 1715 leaving two sons who joined the Rising of 1715, were taken prisoners at Preston, tried, and condemned, but subsequently pardoned. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 79 THE MUSTAE ROLL OF SIE WILLIAME BALLIN- TYNES COMPANIE [18 Sept. 1667].* [Company raised in August, 1666.] Captane — Sir William Ballintyne 1 (sic). Ancient — Williame Drumond. Lovetennant— Patrik Hume. Scriver — Johne Wischart. Serjant — Johne Weir. Drumer — Thomas Hewie. Serjant — Johne Grahame. Drumer — Gilbert Andersone. Corporall George Glenduning ; Williame Guthrell ; Johne Ingrame ; James Walker ; Johne Cowstein ; Edward Ingrame. James Park ; Patrik Rae ; William Gordoune ; George Greige ; Gilbert Banerman ; Johne Wilsoune. Williame Mathesone ; Johne Makcrae ; James Smith ; Johne Nasmith ; Kenneth Makcley ; Williame Vase. James Makillfarsone ; Daniell Spence; Johne Allane, younger; Hen- drie Vyper ; Johne Allane, elder ; Thomas Procutor. Williame Scott ; James Allane ; John Weir, younger ; George Holme ; James Lange ; Johne Makcarrell. Johne Hamiltone, elder ; Johne Tode ; Gawin Rive ; David Hutche- sone ; Andro Donaldsone ; Johne Watsone. Gustavus Rae ; Lawrence Hoppertoune ; Robert Wilsone ; James Lokhart ; George Lawsone ; Johne Haliday. Corporall David Makculloche ; Thomas Rowane ; Michaell Stein ; George Gowdie ; Johne Browne ; Williame Law. Robert Holmes ; Alexander Andersone ; Johne Torrence ; Johne Younge; Williame Meikle ; Johne Weir, elder. Johne Thomsone ; Ritchard Sevitour ; Daniell Rae; Johne Campbell; Robert Hall ; Johne Parre. Johne Robiesone ; Johne Fleck ; Androw Watsone ; James Baird ; Williame Logane ; Johne Harkills. Corporall Johne Mair ; Johne Hamiltone ; Andro Jerdin ; Adame Greinla ; Johne Neiving ; Mungo Weir. Johne Scheipheard ; Johne Gaitt ; James Harvie ; James Ritchard ; George Barcley ; Daniell Aikenheid. James Aitkin ; James Watsoune ; Williame Nicoll ; Johne Schaw ; Johne Harper ; Johne Makillfie. Johne Craill ; Johne Miller; Williame Glen ; Johne Neill; Archibald Mein ; Androw Fleiming. Johne Riddoche ; Johne Baird ; Alexander Stillie ; Williame Hamiltone ; Williame Campbell ; Williame Carmichaell. 80 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Thomas Stillives ; Williame Hill ; Mathow Thomsone ; Johne Armour ; Johne Lauchlane ; Johne Rewll. Thomas Browne, pyper. This is the trew list off the officers and sowldiers belonging to the Company off Sir William Ballantyne, Captain, mustered and disbanded by James Kennoway nominat and appoynted for that effect the 18th of September, 1667. (Signed) W. Ballantyne ; J. Kennewie. * Copy of the original Muster Roll at H.M.'s General Register House, Edinburgh. 1 Second son of Lt.-Col. Bannatyne of Corhouse, Co. Lanark, and nephew to Col. James Bannatyne who was killed at the siege of York anno 1644. It does not appear when Wm. Bannatyne was knighted. He was sent into Galloway after the Pentland rising to harry the Covenanters and collect fines. These orders he carried out so obediently that there was a general outcry against him and the Privy Council in the west of Scotland. To save themselves from public contumely the Privy Council made a scapegoat of Sir Wm. Banna- tyne. He was recalled, tried, fined, and suffered a short imprisonment. Being forbidden to stay in Scotland he went to Court to represent his case. But meeting with little favour from the King and Lauderdale Bannatyne retired to Paris, from whence he wrote the fol- lowing touching letter to Lauderdale {Add. MS. 23131, fo. 117) :— " Parise, March 26, 1669. " My Lord " It is not that I am in the least guiltie (as I wish god to have mercie off my soule) off entertaining any thoght prejudiciall to yowr Lo pp person that occasioned my retire- ment, bot the protestationes I made off my innocency not being satisfactorie, and the f eare I had to fall under your Lo pp recentments, forced me to that resolution. At present so soone as I can dispatch my selfe I intend to som place where I may have the occa- sion to ffollow armes till your Lo pp displeasor be removed ; hoping such is yowr justice you will not desire without cawse utterlie to rewine a poore gentleman whoe is willing to bee " My Lord " Your lo pp most faithfull " and humble servant, "W. BALLANTYNE." From Paris, Bannatyne went to Holland and took service in the Scots Brigade. He was appointed Lt.-Col. of Colyear's Regt. of Scots Foot and was to have succeeded Sir Walter Vane (killed at Seneffe, 1st Aug. 1674) in command of the British Troops, when he (Ban- natyne) was himself killed by a cannon ball while viewing the siege of Grave, 18th Sept. 1674, as a spectator. His manner of death is thus recorded in God's Judgment on Perse- cutors : — " At the siege of Graves, as he was walking somewhat carelessly, being advised to take care of himself, he said : ' Cannons kill none but fey folks.' At that very nick of time a bullet came and severed his head from his body to a considerable distance." James, Lord Somerville, who wrote the Memoire of the Somervilles, speaks in eulogistic terms of his wife's brother Sir Wm. Bannatyne. The writer in question gives a pleasing description of Cor- house (the old home of the Bannatynes, situated just above the Cora Linn waterfall), and a charming word-portrait of the young lady who became the bride of the gallant youn;; James Somerville who was de jure 11th Lord Somerville. Sir Wm. Bannatyne's Will is given in the Appendix. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 81 THE GARRISON OF THE FORTS IN ZETLAND [SHETLAND]. 1667. CAPTAIN AND COMMANDER. Col. Ludovic Leslie. 1 1 Fourth son to Patrick, 1st Lord Lindores. " He was a Colonel in the wars of Ger- many." The following unpublished letter from Lord Bellenden to the Earl of Lauderdale gives all the information obtainable about the garrison of Shetland and their commander : — - " Ed r 4th Janu" 1668. " My Dear Lord " Oollonell Lodiwick Lesly having represented the condition he is reduced to, by disbanding the Gairison of Zetland, withall staiting his former just pretntions to the Commissioners of Thearsurie we have remited his inf ormatione, with our humble desyrs to your Lop, that by your Lop s mediation His Maties bountie and goodnes may in some measour be extended to him, bot he being doubtf ull that your Lop s former kyndnes haith begun to grow cold towards him, and yow being the person allive to whom he doeth acknowledge himself most obleidged for your former goodwill and confidence in him, bot at your last being in this comitrie, he coming to pay his respects to yow, did observe that your countinance towards him, was not such as he expected, the ground of it he supposes to be the surrender of Berwick, which he sollemly protests with many asevera- tions that he did not doe it bot upon a writtin and positive order from the then E. of Lainrick (sic), nether did he at first upon recept of the order obeyituntill that S r John Dowglas went expresly to know his Lop s further pleasour, who brought back a verball comand that the written order was to be obeyed, and this being the treuth of the matter (as he shall answer to God) he begs the continowance of your Lop s former favor with a serious profession that he will live and dye your f aithf ull servant, all this I say from him : And now from my self I never knew him in any of his practises bot exactly honest, this trewth I hop your Lop will beleive from "My Dear Lord " Your Lop s most humble and faithf ull servant " BELLENDEN." (Add. MS. 23128, fo. 244). An Act was passed by the Scottish Parliament in April, 1662, and ratified by Charles II., 1 May, 1662, " in favour of James Weems General of Artillery, Colonel Ludovick Leslie, and James Scot for a new method of draining mines, &c." 82 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 APPOINTMENTS MADE BY LIEUT.-GEN L . DALYELL IN 1667. Extracted from, Oenl Dalyell's letters to the Earl of Lauderdale. " Kilmarnock, 15 Jan. 1667. " Upon your Lordships order I heve pleisit a brother 1 of my Lord fosters antiant [ensign] to Colonel haye so that I intret your Lorship for a comision to him." (See facsimile of Genl. Dalyell's letter in Part I.). 1 We. Baillie younger bro. to James, Lord Forrester was de jure 3rd Lord Forrester, but did not assume the title in 1679. He d. 1681. " Edinburgh, 5 March, 1667. " So soon as I hard of Haton's preferment I maid bold to promes his pleis to Sir Mungo Murray 1 according to that power your Lordship pro- curit me from his majeste for plesen my ofeseers." 1 Above letter is printed in Thibeaudau's Catalogue of Autographs in the possession of Alfred Morrison. It does not appear what the appointment was which Dalyell bestowed on Sir Mungo Murray (who must not be confounded with his namesake the Lieut, of the King's Troop of Guards) in consequence of Charles Maitland of Hatton's preferment. " Canegeit [Canongate], "19 March [1667]. " My Loird, I am so ray to heir of your Lordshipis displesur at Sir Mungo Muray 1 for til I had it from G.L.P 2 1 aprehendit nothing leis and for anay letter I resevit from glP (sic) it moist heve miskareit for on my reputation I never saue a lyn to that purpos from no mortel and vhen I pichit on him for that pleis I apointit my quartermaister Kenane in his pleis and on Viliam Vales to be quartermaister to fuit vho hes formerle bein a resever for Dyoik Hamilton, bot all this to be aproven or revokit as your Lordship sal think fit. Just nowe I am toild Cornet Hakit intends to quit his Comision vhich if he doie I sal intret his pleis may be supleit be [by] a sun of the Eirle of Laudeans [Lothians] hes riden in my troupe this loing tym & to whom I heve promesit the first culors ar vaken [vacant] in my regement or troup, bot this I also submit in to your Lord- shipis comands, and restis, my Loird, your Lordshipis veray humble servant, " DALYELL." " My Loird, if I sould heve bein giltay in a busenes of this natur I moist confes my selfe the fulishes man and moist ongrait person liven." [Addressed] " For the Earle of Lauderdile Secretary to his Majesty for the Kingdome of Scotland Whytehall."* 1 Sir Mungo Murray of Tibbermuir (son of Sir James Murray, knt.) in the barony of Dunkeld and County of Perth, who had acted as Quarter-Master-General to the Earl of THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 83 Glencairn in latter's expedition, 1653-1654, and had been taken prisoner {Scotland and the Protectorate, p. 244). "On the 22 Dec. 1651, the Presbytery of Cupar took up the complaint against Sir Mungo ' for his accession to the late unlawful engadgement against the Kingdome of England.' The knight appeared personally, acknowledged he had been a Colonel of Horse and cried ' Peccavi,' whereupon ... on the 16th January following, he was appointed to make public declaration of his repentance in the Kirk of Cupar the next Sunday " (The Spottiswoode Miscellany, Vol. II., p. 188, note 1). This officer was appointed Major in the Royalist Army in 1645. " Lost ten horses at Kilsyth." " Rootmaster " 1647. Knighted same year. Colonel of a Troop of 80 Horse from Dumfries in 1648. See his " Petition " in Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, under date of 14 June, 1661, in which he refers to " his wife and family dwelling in his house of Torrie when he was a prisoner of war." Sir Mungo Murray's name appears as a Brigadier (Corporal) in the "Muster-Roll of the King's Life Guards, June 1678," printed in A Military History of Perthshire, 1660-1902, by the Marchioness of Tullibardine, pp. 8-18. The date of this officer's death is uncertain. s The Earl of Glencairn, Lord President of the Council. * Prom the original letter preserved at the Register House, Edinburgh. * " Lieth the ij Maye, 1667. " The namis of the ofesers vants comissions is Antiant Alexander beliay [Baillie], 1 Cornet John Car 2 quartermaisser to hors, valter Kennane 8 quarter maister to fuit [foot], [William] valis * [Wallace]." * Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 281. 1 Possibly of the Poikmal family, one of whom was Cornet to Dalyell's Troop in the ScotB Dragoons, 1681. a The Hon. John Kerr, youngest son of the Earl of Lothian, was born 3 Aug. 1647. In a letter from the Earl of Tweeddale to the Earl of Lothian, dated 24 Feb. 1667, reference is made to the latter's son serving under Genl. Dalyell (Correspondence of the Earls of Ancram and Lothian, Vol. II., p. 511*). See also Genl. Dalyell's letter printed in the text. Capt. the Hon. John Kerr died after 1722. See The New Scottish Peerage. 3 and 4 See reference to these two officers in Genl. Dalyell's letter of 19 March. " ' Lieth sitaydeil,' 6 May, 1667. " I must entreat your Lordship for a Lieutenant's Commission and an ancient's for Major ' Jemis Laue ' [James Law] having given up his commis- sion to be the Earl of Kellie's lieutenant My ancient ' buchan ' 1 has suc- ceeded him and ' viliam Semen ' 2 [Fleming] brother to the Earl of Wigton is in his place." Add. MS. 23126, f. 186, modern spelling. ' Possibly Wm. Erskine 8th Earl of Buchan who inherited the title in 1664. D. 1695. 2 Succeeded as 5th Earl of Wigton in 1668. Governor of Dumbarton Castle, 5 Feb. 1673. m 2 84 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 LAWS AND ARTICLES OF WAE FOR THE GOVERN- MENT OF HIS MAJESTIES FORCES WITHIN THE KINGDOM OF SCOTLAND * [Ratified by the King, 4 Jan., 1667.] CONCERNING CHRISTIAN & MORALL DUTIES. 1° Forasmuch as all Lawes, Acts and Ordinances ought to be founded upon, and have their Originals from the Law of Almighty God : To the end therefore, that with y e more Confidence Wee may depend upon this Our God for a blessing upon Our selves & Our Army in all its undertakings and atcheivments. Whosoever shall be so desperatlie mad as to blasphem or speake against the Holy, Glorious and Blessed Trinitie, One GOD in thre Persons, Father, Sonne, and Holy-Ghost, shall die without mercy. 2° All such and unlawfull Oaths and imprecations and Curses shall be Punished by amercing and fyning euery such swearer & Curser, For the first Transgression, in one days pay, For the secund in two, etc. And if any shall be found incorrigible, let him be left to the Courts severest Censures usuall in such Cases. Whosoeuer upon the Lords Day, shall unnecessarly absent themselves from Divine Worship, shall lose a Months Pay. Whosoeuer shall be found guiltie of uncleannes, shall be obleidged to satisfie the Church, in that Paroch where the trespass was Committed, And furthermore, be fyned by the Court sutable to the qualitie of the Offender, and proportionablie to the Act of Parliament in the like Case. 5° All wilfull Murders, Rapes, raising of fyre, Thefts, Outrages, unnaturall abuses, and other notorious Crimes, and abominable shall be punished with Death. 6° No common or notorious Whore shall be tollerated in Camp or Garrison ; and whoseuer keepeth ane unmarryed woman, shall be Constrained to Marry her, or put her away. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 85 Whosoeuer doth presume to apeak in the least irreverentlie of the King, annent His Person or Government, Militarie, Civill or Ecclesiastick, Shall die without mercie. 8° Whosoeuer shall be found to speake unbeseeminglie (except that qch-(sic) he is able to make out before a Court of Warre) against any of y e Generall Officers of the Army, shall die . 1 punishd at the discretion of the Court. 1 Alteration sic. 2° DUTIES COMMUNE TO OFFICER & SOULDIER. 1° Whosoeuer shall be found to haue any intercourse w* the Enimie, without Permission from the Generall, shall die as a Traitor. 2° Whosoeuer by any means shall releiue]a known publick enimie, shall die. 3° Whosoeuer out of Contempt shall violat a Protection or salvo guardes, shall die. 4° Whosoeuer without invincible necessitie, shall surrender Castle, fort or Garrison, shall die. 5° But if the Governour of any such Place, shall be constrained to a surren- derie by his Officers or Souldiers ; Such officers shall surely die, and the Souldiers be decimated for hanging. 6° Whosoeuer shall be found Loyterers in any point of Dutie, are to be Cen- sured by the Generall and Court at discretion 7° Whosoever concealeth any mutinous speeches, shall die. 8° Whosoeuer shall be found drunk upon Dutie, shall die : and if, though not upon Dutie, any one shall committ outrage in his drink ; let him be Cen- sured, 1° for being drunk, 2° for the outrage ; as the Court shall iudge fitt. 9° Whosoeuer shall use reproachfull speeches or other Provocations against his Comerads, shall be Censured at the Generals and Courts discretion. 86 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 10° Whosoeuer provoketh or apealeth another to the Combat, shall die 1 be cashiered. 1 Alteration sic. 11° Whosoeuer shall be found guiltie of Innocent blood, shall die. 12° Whosoeuer shall w*out permission stay out of His Garrison or Camp, if an Officer, he shall be cashiered, & if a souldier, censured at the Court and Generals discretion. 13° Whosoeuer shall grumble at his Quarter assigned to him, let him be accounted a Mutiner. 14° Whosoeuer upon any Quarrell or Debate, arising betuixt him and others, (whether of the Army, Citie, or Country) shall call for assistance from his fellow Souldiers, Citizens, Countrymen, or any otherwayes related to him, for making of Parties or Faction, shall die without mercye. 15° Whosoeuer in any Case shall behave himselfe cowardlie against y 8 Enimie, The Officer shall die without Mercy, and y 8 Souldier suffer decimation. 16° Whosoeuer shall not giue readie obedience to any bank, or Order for y e well of the Army, howbeit upon some occasionall emergent not men- tioned in these Articles, shall be left to arbitrarie punishment. 3° DUTIES OF OFFICERS IN PARTICULARE. 1° Let all and euery Officer of whatsoever Qualitie or Degree, take Care, that all under his Command behave themselvs civillie and Christianly Namelie that they frequent God's publict Worship when they are, where they may have it, as they will be answerable to the Generall. 2° Whosoeuer defraudeth the Officers or Souldiers under him of any Part or Parcell of King's Pay, shall be obleiged first to refound the money And then to be disgracefullie Casheired. 3° Whatsoeuer Officer shall suffer any under his Command to goe a Duelling or Combatting, shall lose his Place ; and if he be Serjeant or Corporall of the Watch, and did not hinder them, and yet might, he shall die. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 87 4° Whosoeuer beis found ane habituall Drunkard, Quarreller or Brauler Let him be disgracefullie Cashired. 5° But let all Officers whatsoever, upon their Perill, doe their endeavour to part quarells or tumoults arising amongst Souldiers of whatsumever Com- pany or Regiment, and Committ and arrest the same, untill those Officers be aequanted therewith, to whose particular Command they doe more immediatly belong : And what Souldier soever shall resist or lift up his hand against, yea shall resolutlie assist ane Officer so doing, shall surelie dye. 6° Whatsoeuer Captain, whether of Troup or foot Companie shall present in his Muster any others, then such who by their Pay are obleidged to follow him, shall be Cashiered. Let no Captain upon his perill, Cashier any Souldier, being once approoved off and enrolled by the Muster-master, without a speciall warrand from the Generall. 8° Whosoeuer shall be found a miles distance out of his quarter, Garrison or Leagre, shall forfault a months pay for the first fault, and for the next shalbe Cashiered, or personally punished at the discretion of y e Court. 9° Whosoeuer offerreth violence to his Superiour shall die. 10° Whatsoever Commissarie or other Officer, intrusted with money, Victuall, Armes or Ammunition, shall embezle, or spoile the same or give any false account thereof, shall die. 4° DUTIES OF SOULDIERS IN PARTICULARE. First concerning their Armes. 1° Whatsoever Souldier shall come to be exercised, or mount the Guard, not Compleatlie Armed, with fixt and well kept Armes, shall be severlie amerced, fyned and Censured. 2° Whosoever shall sell his horse or Armes, or otherways embezle y m Shall be kept in the Condition of a Pioner or Baggage man, untill he be again pro- vided at his own Charge & undergoe such other punishment as the courte shall inflict. 88 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 3° But whosoeuer appignorats or sells their Armes, shall be liable to arbitrary Punishment ; and whoso shall buy or resett the same, shall restore the Armes, and lose their money. 4° Whatsoever Trooper spoileth his horss upon designe to gett off y e service, he shall lose his horse, and be turned in into a foot Companie. 5° Whosoever borroweth anothers Horse or Armes, therwith to pass Muster ; Besids, that the lender looseth vrhat he hath lent, the borrower shallbe severlie Punished. 6° Whosoever shall spoile, sell, or otherways embezle his Ammunition given to him for the service, shall surelie die. 5° Duties on the March. 1° Whosoever on his March through the Countrey, shall spoile, wast, or extort Money, Victualls or pawnes from any of his Maties Subjects upon pretext whatsoever, shall die. 2° Whosoever shall brake doun, burn or Pillage, any Church, School, Hos- pitall or Colledge, or shall despightfullie use Churchmen, Schollars, Poor or Old People, Women, maids or Children, shall die. 3° Whosoeuer, upon q*soever pretention, shall take ane horse out of y e Plough, or wrongeth the husbandman in his Person, Catle, or Goods, shall die. 4° Whosoever on a March shall straggle from his Troop or Company ; shall die. 5° Whosoever shall destroy or deface Mylnes, Gardens, Orchards, or Walks of trees, shall be most severlie Punished. 6° Concerning Camp or Garrison. 1° Whosoever without leave from his Officer, shall be found a Mile without the Camp, shall die 1 be severely punished. 1 Alteration sic. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 89 2° Whosoever shall goe in or out of the Camp or Garrison, by any oy r ways then are appointed, shall die. Whosoever in Camp or Garrison draweth his sword upon any Privat Quarrells, or after the Watch is sett, shall die. 4° Whosoever without Order from his Officer, discovereth the Watch-word Or giveth any other word then the true word, shall die. 5° Whosoever committeth Violence upon Victuallers, or any others who bring Provision for the Armie, shall die. 6° Whosoever without Order speaketh with Drum, or Trumpet, sent from the Enimie, shall die. 7° Whatsoever Sentinell or Pardue shalbe found sleeping upon Duty, shall die. Whosoever carryeth Armes pretending to be a Souldier, and is not within three days, after he hath been in the Armie, enrolled in some Troop, or foot Companie, Shall die. 9° Whosoever is enroled, if he goe away without licence from the Army, Garrison or Camp, or shall attemp to goe over to y e Enimie, shall die. 10° Whosoever absents himselfe from the Watch when y e Sign is given, Shall be liable to arbitrary Censure. 11° Whosoever in his Quarter shall frighten or abuse his Lands-Lord, or any other Person of the familie, or extort from them by Violence Money or Victuals, shall be most severlie Punished. 12° Whosoever by Day or night, shall depart from his Sentinell before y° Cor- porall releive him, shall die. 13° Whosoever absents himselfe from the Court de Guard, either by Day or by Night, without leave ; shall die. 90 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 14° Whatsoever Souldier without order, shall frequent any gatherings together to demand money, or any thing els, especiallie, if it be to demand money, when they are going against ane Enimy, shall die. 15° Whosoever shall refuse to work any manner of work he can, at making of forts or Leaguers (need so requiring he be comanded to doe) shall die. 16° Whosoever, Souldiers, Victuallers or others, shall polute ye Camp by dis- burdening of Nature or otherways (except Officers who are to have their own houses of Office appointed for them) shalbe Censured by the Court at Pleasure. 7° DUTIES OF SOULDIERS TOWARDS SUPERIOURS. 1° Whatsoever Souldier presumeth to quarrell w* his Officer, shall die. 2° Whatsoever Souldier deserteth his own Captain, or Servant His Master, howbeit he abide in the Armie, shall die. 3° When the Armie is in Batallio, or on a March, or about to receive Orders for Quarter, let euerie private Souldier keep silence, or forthworth be Com- mitted to the Marshall. 4° Whosoeuer shall resist the Provest Mershall, or any oy r yt belongs to him going about his dutie, or yet shall break Prison, shall die. 5° Whosoeuer thinking himself e injured, shall therupon attemp his own Revenge, shalbe Censured by the Court ; But if he make his adress to the Officer of him who gave the abuse ; The Officer shall be obleidged to give him full satisfaction. Whatsoever Trooper or foot Souldier shall presume to draw his Sword in ye presence of his Generall, Lew' Gen. or Major Gener* meaning to doe harme therewith, shall have his hand cutt off. 8° CONCERNING THE MUSTERS. 1° Let no Muster Master upon his highest Perrill knowinglie pass any, who are not of yt Troop or Company wherin they are Mustered. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 91 2° Whosoever Victualler, freebooter or Souldier of another Troop or Com- pany, shall present himselfe or his horse at ye Muster of a Troop, or Company, to which he doth not belong, thereby to abuse ye Muster master, or betray the Kings Service, shall die. 3° Let euery Captain, upon his perill, within two days after the Musterday, send to the Generall a perfect List of all his inferior Officers, and Soul- diers fitt for Present Service, setting doun at each mans Name, his Months Pay. 4° Let every Cap* likeways at or upon every pay day, send to the Gen 11 (or some one appointed be him for that purpose) the Controll of ye former List or Roll ; with ane exact account of all such new Troopers and Soul- diers as have been intertained since the last pay day, in place of such who may either have dyed, or have been Cashired, together with ye Dayes both wheron the one was Cashiered, & ye others Intertained. 5° Neither let the Muster M r adventur to receive any Roll other yn this — so attested, thereby to make his Musters : otherways, besids the lose of his Place, let him undergoe the Censure of a Court Marshell. 6° Whosoever presents himselfe to be mustered or inrolled under a Counter- feet Name or Surname, Shall die. 7° No officer of whatsoever degree, shall Muster more Servants yn what his Majestie allowes, And that His Ma tia may be pleased to determin unto each Officer his number of Servants to be Mustered Is hereby humbly expected. 9° DUTIES IN ACTION. 1° Whosoever upon the Alarum given, doth not Instantlie (if able) repair to His Colors, shall die. 2° Whosoever before, or at the fight, shall throw away his Armes, Pouder or Bandaliers, shall die. 3° Whosoever killeth ane enemie, yeelding himselfe, besids y" Infamie, shall undergoe the Censure of the Court. 4° Whosoever shall Protect ane enimie, having in his hand Arms Offensive shall lose his Prisoner. 92 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 5° WhatsoeveSr Souldier shall embezle any part of &ie Prey, (exceeding the value of six\ounds Scots) untill it be disposed ofkby the Generals Com- mand, shall dr^. 1 \ 1 Erased sic. 6° Whatsover Souldier, yea or Officer, shall not present his prisoner to the Generall, or those by him appointed within 24 hours after he hath been taken, shall die. 7° Whosoever upon Success (how good soever) shall fall a plundering or Pillaging, shall die. 8° Whosoever shall middell with, or spoile y e Goods of him who shall die or be killed in the Service shall be found to ref ound y e double to such as have best Interest, either by the Will of ye Dead, or otherwayes by blood, and further be obnoxious to y" further Censure of the Court. 10° CONCERNING VICTUALLERS. 1° Whatsoever Victualler, Sutler or Mercalenter, shall vent or sell any Rotten or spoiled Victualls, besids his Imprisonment and Confiscation of his Drink and Victuals, he shall undergo most severe Punishment. 2° Let no Souldier turn Victuals nor mercalenter without licence from the Generall. 3° Let no Mercalenter intertain in his house, hutt, Tent or Cabine, any Souldier after Taptoo at Night, and befor the Dyenne in the Morning. 4° Whatsoever Mercalenter shall forestall or sell any Drink or Victualls, before a price be sett thereupon by the provest Marshall, shall lose all he hath, & be liable to further Censure. 11° CONCERNING THE JUDICATORIE, or COURT MARTIALL. 1° To the end these formentioned Acts & Ordinances may be more order lie execute : Let there be in the Armie two Councills of Warre or Courts, Martials : One Inferior in every Regiment, wherein the Colonell, or Lev 4 Coll: shall preceed with so many Captains, Lev* 6 & other Inferiour Officers as may amount to the number of 13, Besids or with the President. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 93 In the other, which is the high Court Martiall shall praeceed the Generall or one of the Generall Persons. His Associats (as assessors) shall be the Coll 8 : of horse and foot ; Lev* Colonels, Majors, w' ye Cap ts of the Life- guards, and of the other Troops and foot Companies to y e number of 13 w* the President. 3° The President, sitting at the upper end of the Table, and his Assessors in each side according to their Qualitie, with the Secretary at y e lower end ; All of them shall take y s Oath following The Oath of the Court. I a.b. doe hereby in Presence of Almightie God Declare and sweare that I shall freelie and readilie without feed or favour, fear or Revenge, Deliver my Judgment in every Particular at present to be debated or determined in this Court according to my Conscience, and knowledge in the known Laws and Articles of Warre. So help me God ! 4° All Officers and Souldiers shall doe their best to detect, apprehend, and bring to due Punishment all Trangressors against these Laws, and to be assistant to y e Provest-Marshall, as they will answere the Contrairy, So that whosoever shall Shelter or rescue a Prisoner from the Marshall, are to be Censured as guiltie of the same offence for which the Prisoner was to suffer. The Marshall shall not be countable for any Prisoner sent to him, unles he who send, shall send together with y e Prisoner the ground and Cause of his imprisonment, and that in write. 6° Whosoever upon evidence of Malversation shall be apprehended by, or delivered to the Provest Marshall, the Marshall be obleidged at the first Conveniencie to exhibit the Prisoner with his accusation before the Court. But if the Marshall shall suffer a Prisoner to escape, besids the loss of his Place, he shall be lyable to y e Punishment due to the Prisoner so escaped. 8° All Civill Magfats q'soever, whether in Citie or Countrey are required to apprehend & send to the next Garrison, together w' the nature of their offence, all whomsoever belonging to y e Army, they shall find in any kind of enormitie, That so they may be sent to ye Gen H , by whom, with advice of ye Court they are to be judged by Martiall Laws. Likeas, they are likeways required to sease and apprehend whatsoever Souldier they shall find straggling or gadding abroad in y e Country, and forthwith send him to the next Garrison. 94 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 9° Whosoever shall obstruct, threaten or minace the Court, or Draw his Sword where it is sitting shall die. 10° Whatsoever pecuniall Mulct or fyn may be imposed by the Court, shalbe severlie exacted without respect of Persons and Collected by such whom the Generall shall appoint. 11° If any casuall thing, or new emergent should happen, ag* qch there is in these Articles no speciall provision ; In such Cases the Offender shalbe liable to Censure, at ye Judgmet of ye Generall & the respective Courts Martiall. Otherways let him be proceeded against as dissobedient and Mutinous. (Endorsed) Our will and pleasure is that these Lawes and Articles of War for the Goverment of our forces within our Kingdom of Scotland be forthwith prented and published : and that thy be dewlie exicuted & obeserved by all our officers & souldiers within that our Kingdom : Given at our Court at Whitehall the 4th day of January 1667 and of our Reign the 18 yeer. By his Ma ties Comand. Articles of War 1667. * Add. MS. 23126, ff. 5-11. These "Articles" were framed by General Dalyell in the autumn of 1666 and sent to London to be ratified. The following extracts from Dalyell's letters to the Earl of Lauderdale bear out this statement : — "Leith, 2 Oct. 1666. " I shall send a draft of articles so soon as I have communicated it to the Commissioner who is at present in Fife . . . Dalyell." (Add. MS. 23125, f. 108, modern spelling.) " Kilmarnock, " 27 Dec. 1666. " My Lord, P% ■• ■ " I have written so oft for articles and bandoliers that I am resolved to give over lest I offend . . . Dalyell." (Add. MS. 23125, f. 267, modern spelling.) " Kilmarnok the 15 Januar 67. " My Loird, " I heue Reseuit the artickles And sal be kairful to se[e] them publishit and puit in excution Dalyell." (See facsimile of this letter in Part I.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 95 1672. COMMISSIONS TO TEN COMPANIES OF FOOT TO BE LEVIED IN SCOTLAND FOE SERVICE WITH THE FLEET OR ELSEWHERE."* N.B. — The Major's Commission was dated at Whitehall, 13 March, 1672 ; the others on 14 March. CAPTAINS. George Winrahame, 1 or Winrame, Major. James Douglas, 2 bro. to the Earl of Queens- berry. John Dalzell, 3 2nd son of Earl Carnwath. Sir Charles Halkett, 4 of Pitfirren (sic). David Bruce, 5 eldest son of — Bruce of Clack- man an. Charles Monteath 8 (sic) of Randiford. James Lumsdaine, 9 of Mountwhany. Major Wm. Arnott. 11 Wm. Macdougal, 12 bro. to Henry Macdougal, of Maccarstoun. Wm. Sandilands, 13 eldest son of Sandilands, of Hilderstoun. LIEUTS. Wm. Montgomerie. Patrick Ruthven. Gavin Muirhead. Mungo Arnot. John Graham. 7 Robert Durie. 10 James Sinclair. James Thomson. Robert Bruce. James Stewart. ENSIGNS. Alex. Winraham. Robert Henderson. Robert Charters. Henry Ker. 6 Robert Bruce. John Drummond. George Bethune. David Balfour. Wm. Murray. Thomas Crawford. COMMISSIONS IN ABOVE REGT. GIVEN IN ENGLAND, 25 JULY, 1672. (See English Army Lists, 1661-1714, Vol. I.) Sir Wm. Lockhart," Colonel. Major [Patrick] Menteath, 15 Lt.-Colonel. Paul Angier, 16 Capt.-Lieut. Wm. Arnold, 17 Ensign to Sir Wm. Lockhart. James Thinly, 18 Ensign to Lt.-Col. Menteath. John Lewin, 19 Adjt. Claud Clerke, 20 Chirurgeon. James Lockhart, 21 Qr.-Mr. and Marshal. 96 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 1673. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN SIR WM. LOCKHART'S REGT. (Extracted from English Army Lists, 1661-1714, Vol. I.) Robert Douglas 22 to be Ensign to Sir Win. Lockhart's own Company 23 March, 1673. John Seaton 23 to be Ensign in above Regt. ,, ,, Robert Sewster 2 * to be Adjutant 9 April, 1673. Wm. Montgomery 25 to be Lieut, to Lt.-Col. Patrick Monteath " 29 April, 1673. Henry Carre 26 (sic) to be Lieut, to Capt. Lumsdaine - [29 April] 1673. James St. Clare 27 (sic) to be Lieut, to Major Winrame [29 April] 1673. Alexander Winrame 28 to be Lieut, to Major George Winrame 12 June, 1673. * Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. I. In the memoir of Sir Wm. Lockhart of Lee given in Noble's House of Cromwell, it is stated that a 2nd Battalion was added to his Regi- ment, and that the men " were raised in eight or ten days in the environs of Edinburgh " (Vol. II., p. 259). No 2nd Battalion was added ; but owing to desertions and to the fact that " six companies were captured at sea by the Dutch in the autumn of 1673 " (Sir W. Lockhart to Secretary Williamson, 28 Nov. 1673, Gal. S.P.D.), the Regiment had to be recruited in Edinburgh " to the full number of 1,200 men, including 200 men from the Earl of Linlithgow's Regiment of Guards" (Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. II., p. 366). It is believed that a portion of Lockhart's Regiment, served at the siege of Maestricht, in 1673, under the eye of their Colonel who greatly distinguished himself. Disbanded in 1674. 1 See biog. notice on p. 77, note 2. 2 See special memoir of Lieut.-General James Douglas as Commander-in-Chief. 3 Succeeded his brother James as 5th Earl of Carnwath in 1683. D.s.p. in 1702. * Created a Bart, of Nova Scotia, 25 Jan. 1662. Son (by first wife) of Sir James Halket, of Pitfirran, who was knighted by Charles I. in 1633 when in Scotland. 6 Eldest son of Sir Henry Bruce, of Clackmanan, by his first wife. He md. Lady Margaret Mackenzie, dau. of George, Earl of Cromarty. Appointed Capt. in the Earl of Mar's Regt. of Foot, 23 Sept. 1678. His name appears in the List of those to whom "Forfeitures" were granted after Bothwell Brig. Appointed Lieut, to the Earl of Balcarres's Tp. in the Regt. of Scots Horse, 28 Dec. 1682. In said Regt. when it was struck off the Establishment in Jan. 1689. 6 Lieut, in same Regt., 30 April, 1673. Capt. of the Duke of Monmouth's Troop of Horse Grenadiers, 4 April, 1678. Major of the Duke of Beaufort's Regt. of Foot, 20 June, 1685. Left last-named regiment, 27 June, 1688. He was one of the Gentlemen Ushers to Charles II. and James II. D. 25 Aug. 1690, aged 38. Bd. in Westminster Abbey. The inscription on his monument (where his name is spelt Carr) states that he was descended from the Earls of Ancram. He md. Venetia, only child of Edward Carew, of Newbold Pacey, Co. Warwick, by whom he left issue. 7 Appointed Lieut, in Sir George Monro's newly-raised Regt. of Foot, 4 Sept. 1674. 8 Charles Menteath, the last of Randiford, settled his estate on Robert Menteath, of Carubber, whose son, Charles, is said to have been killed in Queen Anne's Wars. Burke's ^Baronetage. 9 See p. 64, note 3. 10 See p. 55, note 2. " See p. 53, note 1. 12 Son of Sir Wm. McDougal, Knt. Served heir to his brother Walter in 1671. Pedi- gree of McDougal of Maccarston. 13 Appears to have been grandson of Walter Sandilands, of Hilderstoun, younger brother to James and John, 3rd and 4th Barons Torphichen. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 97 14 Third son of Sir James Lockhart of Lee, Lord Justice Clerk. Sir Wm. Lockhart was a man of great force of character. From his boyhood, when he ran away from school sooner than put up with his schoolmaster's censure for a trivial fault, and attempted suicide rather than return to a stern father's roof, he showed his determination to carve out an independent career for himself. At the age of thirteen he made his way to Leith, and from thence passed over to Holland, where he enlisted in a Scots regiment in the service of the States. After a year's soldiering young Lockhart got leave to go to Dantzic, where his uncle, Sir George Douglas, Ambassador from Charles I. to the Courts of Sweden and Poland, then was. Two years later Sir George Douglas died at Damin, in Pomerania, in 1636, leaving Lockhart in a foreign clime without a friend ; " however," writes one of Sir William's biographers, " he attended the remains of his uncle into Scotland, acting the part of chief mourner, in the magnificent funerals that were given to his remains " (Memoir in Noble's House of Cromwell, Vol. II., pp. 236-7). Getting a sorry welcome from his father on his return home, Lockhart left his parents without informing them of his plans for the future, and took up his abode in France. From thence he wrote to his mother, who secretly remitted money to her son through Baillie Lockhart, of Edinburgh. With the moneys received, Lockhart made up for a neglected education by a diligent course of study for a year or two, and then joined the French Army as a volunteer. Good luck threw him in the way of the Queen Mother who, hearing that Lockhart was a Scotsman of good family, sent him a pair of colours. Promotion followed rapidly, and he became Captain in a French Cavalry Corps. On the outbreak of the war between Charles I. and his Parliament, Lockhart returned to Scotland and became Lieut.-Colonel of the Earl of Lanark's Regt. in the Scots Army. When the King surrendered to the Scots at Newark his Majesty conferred the honour of Knighthood on Col. Wm. Lockhart, " being anxious to win him to his interest and despatched him to his friend the Duke of Hamilton, in 1646, to procure the best terms possible for the Marquis of Montrose " {Hid., p. 238). Lockhart now became an " Engager," and joined the Duke of Hamilton's Expedition into England. Served at the battle of Preston, where Lockhart commanded a regiment, and helped to cover the retreat of the Scots Army to Warrington, where he had to make terms with General Lambert and surrender as a prisoner of war. After a year's detention at Newcastle, Lockhart was granted his liberty on payment of £1,000. On his return to Scotland Lockhart was appointed " General of the Horse by the Committee of Estates, who modelled the Army, and he acted as such when Charles II. arrived in Scotland " {Ibid., p. 240). Through the intrigues of the all-powerful Marquis of Argyll, the King was persuaded to appoint Lieut.-Generals Baillie and Montgomery to be joined in commission with Lockhart. This so offended the amour propre of Sir Wm. Lockhart that he threw up his Commission and withdrew himself from the Court and Army (Ibid., p. 241). Such conduct highly offended Charles II., and it is on record that when the Duke of Hamilton presented Lockhart to the King, when the Royalist Army was leaving Scotland for England, his- Majesty turned his back on Sir William. It therefore came to pass that Lockhart did not accompany the Scots Army to Worcester. Cromwell now made over- tures to Sir William, which were accepted. The Protector brought about, in 1654, a marriage between his niece Robina Sewster and Sir Wm. Lockhart (then a widower), who received the fine appointment of Ambassador to Louis XIV. In this responsible post, Lockhart was a great success. But Lockhart's genius was not confined to diplomacy. He and General Morgan brought glory to the British and French arms at the siege and capture of Mardyke and Dunkirk. Lockhart was appointed Governor of the latter town ; but at the Restoration Charles II. gave this post to Sir Edward Harley. For ten years Lockhart was unemployed. In 1671, by Lauderdale's advice, Lockhart was sent as Envoy Extraordinary to the Protestant Princes of Germany, and in April was appointed British Ambassador at Paris. He gained fresh honours at the siege of Maestricht, in 1673, and taught the young Duke of Monmouth one of his first lessens in the art of war. This truly great man died at Paris, 8 June, 1675, and his body was sent to Scotland to be interred (Cal. S.P.D., 1675-6, p. 287). At the time of his death Lockhart was Lord Justice Clerk, which post had been conferred, on him by Charles II. on the death of Sir James Lockhart in 1674. 15 Promoted Lt.-Col. before 29 April, 1673. Knighted. Pens, of £100 per ann., 3 Dec. 1673. Cal. S.P.D. 16 Accompanied Sir W. Lockhart to Paris. In April, 1678, was serving as Cornet in the Duke of Monmouth's Regt. of Horse. •■» i7 ( is further services untraced. 19 The following document was signed by "Robina [Lady] Lockhart, and John Lewin," in Nov. 1675 : — "Account of the Equipage made for his Excellency Sir Wm. Lockhart his Majesty's Ambassador in France, and which marched from Paris for the campaign, 98 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 15 May, 1675, with other extraordinary expenses as followeth, being for equipage, coaches, horses, liveries, provisions for the table, wardrobe, postage, plate for the field, expenses from his death, 8 June, N.S., till his body's leaving Paris, 8 Sept., being 12 weeks, expenses for her journey homeward, expenses in passing warrants, gifts on audiences, New Year's gifts, &c, amounting in all to £5,566 17s. Id." 8.P. Dom. Entry Booh, 26, fol. 203. 20 , 21 Accompanied Sir Wm. Lockhart to Paris when he was sent Ambassador to Louis XIV. in April, 1672. James Lockhart was Sir Wm. Lockhart's only son by his first marriage, and predeceased his father. 22 Fourth son of the Earl of Queensberry. Killed at the siege of Maestricht, in 1676, when serving as Captain in Sir Alex. Colyear's Regt. of Scots Foot. 23 Probably John Seton, younger son to Sir John Seton, of Garleton. 24 Brother to Robina, Lady Lockhart. 25 Further services untraced. 26 Kerr. See p. 96, note 6. 27 Further services untraced. 28 Appointed Lieut, in Sir George Monro's Regt. in 1674. Lieut, in Lord James Douglas's Regt., 20 Feb. 1678. Probably son of Major George Winram. THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 99 1674. NEW-RAISED FOECES. THREE TROOPS OF HORSE.* {The Captains' Commissions were dated at Windsor Castle, 25 August, 1674 ; and those of the Subalterns bore date of 4 September.) CAPTS. Marquis of Douglas. 1 Earl of Erroll. 4 Lord Rosse. 7 LIEUTS. David, Lord Madertie. 2 Sir John Keath B of Keath Hall, Knt. Marshal. Sir David Ogil- vy. 8 CORNETS. QR. MRS. Drummond of Machanie. 3 John Hay. 6 [Richard] Elphin- stone, 9 Yr., of Calderhall. * Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. III. These three Troops were disbanded in Jan. 1676. King's Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland, 23 Dec. 1675. 1 Second Marquis. It is stated in The Douglas Book that James, Marquis of Douglas raised this Troop out of his own tenantry. His first wife was Lady Barbara Erskine, eldest dau. of John, 9th Earl of Mar. This marriage turned out unhappily ; and the quarrels of husband and wife became public property and have been handed down to posterity in the Old Scots ballad entitled Lady Barbara Erskine's Lament, beginning : — " I was a lady of high renown, As lived in the north countrie.'' The Marquis of Douglas lent some of his Ordnance to the Government of Charles II. ostensibly for the defence of Edinburgh Castle, as they were stationed in the " court of guard " there. They consisted of two brass guns capable of firing ball of 3 lb. weight ( The Douglas Book, Vol. II., p. 452). On 5 April, 1689, the Duke of Hamilton, President of the Council, issued a Warrant to the Marquis of Douglas to deliver his two cannon at Leith to Major-General Mackay, who gave a receipt for them which is still in existence. 2 Third Baron. Dying in 1684 without male issue his title devolved on his younger brother General Wm. Drummond of Cromlix, who was created Viscount Strathallan. 3 Sir John Drummond, Knt. of Machanie, Perthshire. Appointed 1st Lieut, of anlndep. Cy. at Inverary, 16 May, 1687. Outlawed in 1690 for his adherence to the Stuarts. Md. Mar- garet, daughter of Sir "Wm. Stewart, Knt. of Innernytie. Father of the 4th Viscount Strathallan. 4 Sir John Hay of Killour succeeded his cousin as 12th Earl of Erroll in 1674. Md. Lady Anne Drummond, dau. of James, Earl of Perth, and had issue. 5 See biog. notice on p. 73, note 2. 6 Probably a cadet of the Killour branch of Hays. 7 See biog. notice on p. 25, note 2. 8 See biog. notice on p. 64, note 2. 9 Son of Sir Thos. Elphinstone, Knt. Appointed in Nov. 1672 Deputy Keeper of thePrivy Seal. Is said (Burke's Commoners, Vol. II.) to have succeeded his father as Muster Master General of the Forces in Scotland, in 1678, but said Commission is not forthcoming. M.P. for Co. Stirling in 1681. Bought the barony of Elphinstone from Lord Elphinstone. N 2 100 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1674. MAJOK-GENEKAL SIR GEOEGE FOOT* MONEO'S EEGT. OF (The Commissions of the Field Officers and Captains were dated at Windsor Castle, 25 August, 1674 ; the Subalterns' Commissions bore date of 4 September). CAPTS. Sir George Monro, 1 Col. Earl of Wigton, 2 Lt. Col. Major George Winrame, 3 Major. Laird of Blair. 4 Laird of Boyne. 5 Laird of Touch. 6 Hayning Riddell. 7 Sir Robert Dalzell. 8 LIEUTS. Hector Monro. 9 Alex Winrame. John Graham. Henry Foules (sic). —Mure 10 (sic). Wm. Carstairs. 11 John Strachan. 12 Alex Maxwell. 13 ENSIGNS. John Monro. 14 Pat. Hamilton. Lewis Maitland. Charles Scott. John Dalzell. 15 James Stirling. 16 George Ker. 17 George Maitland. 18 * Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. III. Disbanded in Jan. 1676. By the King's Letter to the Privy Council it was ordered that 100 men were to be chosen out of Monro's dis- banded regiment and drafted into the Foot Guards to form a new Company. 1 See special memoir of Sir G. Monro as a Commander-in-Chief, Part I., pp. 34-42. 2 See p. 36, note 2. 3 See p. 77, note 2. * Wm. Blair 15th Laird. Granted a pension of £200 per annum, 28 Sept. 1678. Went over to William of Orange at the Bevolution. Raised an Independent Troop of Horse in Scot- land at his own expense in April, 1689. Was taken prisoner with his lieutenant, the Laird of Pollok, at Perth, when that town was surprised by Dundee, in May, 1689. Dundee " carried these two officers about in an ungenerous triumph, on all his marches, for six weeks, and then sent them to the Isle of Mull, where Blair died in consequence of the barbarous treatment he received." Life of Lt. Gen. Hugh Mackay of 'Scour -y, p. 25. 5 Sir Patrick Ogilvy of Boyne, Co. Banff. On 21 July, 1675, Charles II. signed a " Warrant for a charter to Sir Patrick Ogilvy, of Boyne, his heirs male and assigns what- soever, of the lands of Ardinboth, Portsoy, and others in the parochine of Fordyce and barony of Boyne, Banffshire, on the resignation of James, Earl of Findlater" (Cal. S.P. Dora., 1675-6, p. 225). Appointed Captain in the Earl of Mar's new-raised Regt. of Foot, 23 Sept. 1678. He was son of Sir Walter Ogilvy 6th Baron of Boyne. On 14 Oct. 1681, he was named an ordinary Lord of Session, and in Jan. 1686, received a pension from the King. Owing to debt he was obliged to sell the Boyne estate. " Distinguished by his loyalty to the exiled Stuart family since the Revolution" (Correspondence of Nathaniel Hoohe, Vol. I., p. 230). By his 2nd wife he had a son Patrick, from whom are descended the Ogilvies of Lintrathen. Diet. Nat. Biography. 6 "James Seton of Touch got a charter from Charles II. dated 8 April, 1651, narrating and confirming a former gift by King James IV. in favour of Sir Alex Seton of Touch, and Tillibody, and his lineal heirs, of the office of armour bearer and squire of the King's body, and after the Restoration the King provided an annual salary of £300 as armour bearer to the Laird of Touch, under the Privy Seal, 30 May, 1662. Sat in Parliament for Selkirk- shire, 1685-1686. He was succeeded by his son, Archibald Seton of Touch." The Seton Booh, pp. 344-5. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 101 'John Biddell of Haining in Selkirkshire. Master of the King's Stud in Scotland. Son of Andrew Riddell who was the son by a 2nd marriage, of Andrew Riddell of Riddell and Haining. Colonel of the Militia Regiment for the Shires of Roxburgh and Selkirk, 20 June, 1682. Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII. 8 Son and heir of Sir John Dalzell of Glenae, who was brother of Robert 2nd Earl of Carnwath. Sir Robert Dalzell md. for his 3rd wife Violet dau. of Riddell of Haining (Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, 1st Edit.). He was appointed Capt. in the Earl of Mar's new-raised Regt. of Foot, 23 Sept. 1678. Left said Regt. in Dec. 1679 and was succeeded in his Company by his son John Dalzell. Appointed Lt. Colonel of the Dumfries Militia, 20 June, 1682. D. 1685. 9 Possibly Hector Monro, second son of Sir Robert Monro of Foulis. 10 Patrick Ogilvie of Murie. See his Comn. as Ensign in the Scots Foot Guards, 15 Jan. 1676. 11 Son of Sir John Carstairs, Knt. " Kilconquer's second son, by his 2nd marriage, who lately before had married the Lady Gosforde in Lothian " (Lamont's Diary). A contem- porary diarist (Lamont) records, under date of 1667, that Captain Wm. Carstairs shot a man on Largo link through the thigh " for cutting his horse's tail four months before." The man fell down as if dead, and Carstairs swam his horse through the water of Largo " being a great spread of water." Cashiered in 1675, for a " riot committed by him " (Cal. S. P. D., 1675-6). Pardoned by order of Charles II., 21 July, 1675. Ibid. 12 See his Comn. in the Foot Guards on p. 24, and note thereto. 13 Of Tinwald. Md. a dau. of Sir Robert Dalzell and d.s.p. 14 Son of Sir George Monro by his 2nd marriage with Christian Hamilton, sister to Gustavus Hamilton 1st Visct. Boyne. 15 Son and heir of Sir Robert Dalzell. Succeeded to his father's Company in the Earl of Mar's Regt., 12 Dec. 1679 ; and to the Baronetcy of Glenae in 1685. Left Lord Mar's Regt. in Aug. 1686. D. 1689. See account of the skirmish at Lesmahago in March, 1679, where John Dalzell was severely wounded. Part I., p. 46. 16 Younger bro. to Sir John Stirling of Keir. Born 29 June, 1652, Appointed Ensign to the Earl of Mar's own Company in latter's new-raised Regt., 23 Sept. 1678. The Earl of Mar, in a letter to Sir John Stirling of Keir, dated " Edinburgh, 1 Jan. 1681," writes : " I received yours and one from your brother. You need not doubt my kindness to Mr. James ; but as to that of Mr. Charles Flemming's change I know nothing, nor doe I believe it will be " ( The Stirlings of Keir, p. 517). Promoted Lieut., 1 April, 1684. Comn. renewed by James VII. Appears to have left the Army at the Bevolution. Lieut. James Stirling md. Mary, only dau. of Sir George Stirling, Bt. by his first marriage. 17 A certain George Ker was appointed Lieut, in Col. John Buchan's Regt. of Scots Foot in 1694 and promoted Capt., 12 Sept. 1695, when on active service in Flanders. 18 Of Eccles, Berwickshire. Appointed Ensign in the Earl of Mar's new-raised Regt., 23 Sept. 1678. Out of said Begt. 3 March, 1680. 102 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 1678. LOED JAMES DOUGLAS'S NEW-EAISED EEGT. OF FOOT.* (All the Commissions bear date the 20th Feb. 1678.) COLONEL [Lord James Douglas. 1 ] LT.-COL. Robert Touris. 2 MAJOR Patrick Lalis. 8 CAPTS. James Haye. Charles Berkeley. 4 George Humes. John Preston. Alex Urquhart. 5 James Moncreif. 6 Wm. Mackey. Charles Murray. 7 "Walter Maxwell. 8 James ffountaine. 11 LIEUTS. James Graham. Charles Ashmole. Alex Stirling. 9 David Preston. Alex Winrame. 10 John Murray. Alex Sutherland. John Ashmole. Lewis Mateland 12 (sic). John Gurden. ADJT. Wm. Douglas. QR. MR. Wm. Ennerwick. CHAPLAIN Jon. Campbell. CHIRURGEON. Robert Chawell. ENSIGNS James Lorrane. John Law. James Campbell. Pierce Semple. John Locknart. Walter Moncrief. "Walter Gaurden. — Sandef ord. Alex Seaton. John Bell. * The list of officers in this Regt. is taken from English Army Lists and Commission Megisters, 1661-1714, Vol. I., p. 215. The Regt. was raised in Scotland, excepting Capt. Charles Murray's Company, raised in Ireland, by the King's Orders (Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland, dated. 15 March,1678). Lord James Douglas's Regt. was placed on the English Establishment in July, 1678, and probably was sent to Flanders. The Regt. appears to have returned to Scotland before 18 Jan. 1679, when the King wrote to the Privy Council ordering the disbanding of Lord James Douglas's Regt. of Foot ( Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. V.). It is said that this corps was incorporated with the Earl of Dumbar- ton's Regt. The Douglas Book. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 103 I Younger bro. to George, Earl of Dumbarton. Is said to have been a Page to Louis XIII. Saw much service with the Scots Regt. in France. In 1666 was a Captain in his brother's Regt. of Scots Foot which Charles II. brought over to England. Under date of 19 Oct. 1681, occurs this entry in Guy's Secret Service Schedule. " To George, Earl of Dumbarton as of free guift for the funeral expenses of his brother, James, Lord Douglas, £150," p. 37. a Called " Robert Towers " in the list of Lord George Douglas's Regt. in 1666, in which year the former was serving as Captain in said corps. He was granted a pension by James VH., 31 Dec. 1685. 8 Called "Patrick La Lisle" in the list of Lord George Douglas's Regt. in 1666, in which year the former was serving as Lieut, in said corps. 4 Charles Barclay. Serving as Captain in the 2nd Batt. of the Earl of Dumbarton's Regt. of Foot in 1687. Not in any subsequent list. ' See his Comn. as Capt. of Grenadiers in the Foot Guards, under date of 21 May, 1684, and note thereto. " Youngest son of Sir John Moncreiff of that Ilk, a Bart, of Novia Scotia. Served at Tangiers and reed. £100 for wounds (Guy's Secret Service Payments). Fought with Lord Dumbarton's Regt. at Sedgemoor, and was awarded £40 for wounds. Succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his brother David. Appointed Colonel of a new-raised Regt. of Scots Foot, 1 Feb. 1693. D. same year. 7 Probably son of Colonel Charles Murray, who accompanied Prince Charles from Jersey to Paris and wrote a humorous letter {Clarendon State Papers) describing the Prince's arrival in the French capital. On the 24 June, 1678, the king wrote to the Duke of Lau- derdale, then at Edinburgh, concerning Captain Charles Murray's Company " which was raised in Ireland " and had received orders, on landing in England, " to march to Kendal and thence to near Edinburgh, there to receive their clothes, and arms which We have ordered to be sent forthwith by sea to Leith" (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV.). Capt. Charles Murray was subsequently Adjt. to and Captain in Dumbarton's Regt. and was knighted by Charles II. On 7 Aug. 1686 he was appointed Major of the Royal Regt. of Horse in Scotland. His Commission erroneously describes him as "Knight and Baronet." Brevet Col., 27 Sept. 1688. Lt.-Col. of aforesaid Regt., 29 Nov. 1688. D. at Edinburgh 2 Dec. 1736. Gentle- man's Mag. 8 Appointed Capt. of an additional Company in the Earl of Mar's Regt.of Foot, 20 May, 1685. Left the said Regt. in July, 1686. 9 In a letter from George Stirling, Chirurgeon, to the Laird of Keir (Sir John Stirling) dated " Edinburgh, 18 Aug. 1675," the writer says : — " In that defeat the Frenches got near Straitsburgh .... we have loasd seven Scots Captains in that batalione of Duglas regement that was with De Turaine, vizt., Duglas, Hay, Lature, Kernie, Bercklay, Cotbrine, & Lawless your brothers Captaine. Whither George and Alexander [Stirling] was with him I can- not yet learne, but this list I saw in a letter written from the campe in Sir W. Sharp's chamber " (Fraser's Stirlings of Keir, p. 507). A certain Alexander Stirling was Lieut, to Lt.-Col. John Stirling in Lord Murray's Regt. of Scots Foot, 1694. 10 See p. 98, note 28. II Believed to be son of James des Fontanes, Physician General to the Army in Ireland temp. Charles II. Both father and son adopted the Anglicised name of " Fountaine." Captain James Fountaine was appointed Capt. in the Duke of Beaufort's Regt. of Foot, 20 June, 1685. At the Revolution he followed the fortunes of King James and had the rank of Lt.- Colonel in Major-General Cannon's Army, in Scotland, early in 1690. Attainted. Escaped to France. Under date of 9 Oct. 1702, Luttrell records : — " Letters from Paris say Colonels Fountain, Parker, Major Ingram, Sir Adam Blair, and Henry Nevil Pain are committed to the Bastile for petitioning the late Queen to remove from her presence the Earl of Middleton, whom they allege corresponds with England." In 1708, James Fountain was appointed Capt. en second in the Earl of Portmore's Regt of Foot. He served in George I's army, and d. in 1738. The Will of " Lt.-Colonel James Fountaine " was proved at Dublin, 1738. 12 See his Commission on p. 25, note 3. 104 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1678. TEOOP OF HORSE LEVIED IN SCOTLAND BY THE MARQUIS OF MONTROSE.* King's Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland con- cerning the levying of a Troop of Horse by James, Marquis of Montrose, " to be raised for Our service in the Regt. of Our dear brother James, Duke of Albany and York, which the said Marquis hath asked leave to levy in Scotland. Whitehall, 15 March, 1678." Troop capt. lieut. cornet. James, Marquis of Montrose. 1 Patrick Graham. 2 John Graham. 3 * Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IV. This Troop was levied in Scotland by the Marquis of Montrose. It consisted of 60 horsemen, and inarched to London by way of Berwick, where it was mustered by Henry Howard, Muster-Master General of England. {Ibid.) The Duke of York's Regt. of Horse, commanded by the Earl of Peterborough, consisted of eight troops (including Montrose's) and served in Flanders. This Regt. was disbanded in January and March, 1679. 1 James G-raham 3rd Marquis. Appointed Captain of the Troop of Life Guards in Scotland, 26 Oct. 1678. D. in 1684. 2 Second son of Patrick Graham of Inchbrakie who was descended from Patrick Graham, a younger son of William 1st Earl of Montrose. Commanded the Town Guard of Edinburgh during the reign of James VII. Brevet Lt.-Colonel 17 July, 1688 ; Lt.-Colonel of the Edinburgh Militia, 25 Sept. same year. The Edinburgh Town Guard was disbanded in 1689. Col. Patrick Graham adhered to James VII., and followed him to Prance. He obtained command of a Regt. of Dragoons, and d. abroad in 1720. Or and Sable: A Book of the Grmmes and Grahams, p. 215. 3 Third son of Patrick Graham, the elder, of Inchbrakie. Is said to have acted as Page to young Lord Napier at the siege of Kincardine Castle in 1646. (Or and Sable : The Grmmes and Grahams). On 2 May, 1678, the Privy Council of Scotland gave permission to leave the Kingdom to " John Grahame, Postmaster General ... he being called to abroad with the Marquis of Montrose his cheifie, for his Majesties present service." (Privy Council Acts, 1673-8). John Graham succeeded his father as Postmaster General in 1674. He md. Margaret Drummond, eldest dau. of Lord Maderty. See further reference to John Graham in Pt. I., pp. 43-4. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 105 1678. "TWO COMPANIES OF DRAGOONS." {Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV.) Commissions. John Strachan 1 to be Captain of a Company of Dra- goons consisting of 100 men besides officers Whitehall, 21 May, 1678 John Inglis 2 to be Captain of a Company of Dragoons consisting of 100 men besides officers - Whitehall, John Lauder 3 to be Lieut, to Capt. John Strachan's Company of Dragoons - Whitehall, John Livingstoune 4 to be Ensign to Capt. John Strachan's Company of Dragoons - Whitehall, Wm. Cleland B to be Lieut, to Capt. John Inglis's Com- pany of Dragoons Whitehall, Henry Dundas 6 to be Ensign to Capt. John Inglis's Com- pany of Dragoons - - - Whitehall, 106 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "ADDITIONAL COMPANY OF DEAGOONS." (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV.) Commissions. Viscount of Kingstoun 7 to be Captain of the new Com- pany of Dragoons to be raised for his Majesty's service and entertained in Scotland - Windsor Castle, 23 Sept., 1678. Francis Stuart 8 of Coldingham to be Lieut, to the Vis- count Kingston's Company of Dragoons - Whitehall, 27 Sept., 1678. Thomas Winram 9 to be Ensign to above Company of Dragoons - - Whitehall, „ „ 1679. Supplementary Commissions. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V.) Francis Stuart 10 of Coldingham to be Captain of a Com- pany of Dragoons in place of Viscount Kingstoun who gives up his Commission - - Windsor Castle, 24 July, 1679. Thos. Winram u to be Lieut, to Capt. Francis Stuart's Company of Dragoons - - Windsor Castle, 3 Sept., 1679. John Creichton 12 to be Ensign to Capt. Francis Stuart's Company of Dragoons " of which Company you have been lately eldest Corporal." - Windsor Castle, „ „ 1 Appointed Capt. in the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681, see p. 24, note 6. 3 See p. 22, note 3. 3 Appointed Lieut, to Sir Jas. Turner in the Soots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. D. before 28 Dec. 1682. * Next heir male to Charles, 2nd Earl of Newburgh. Lieut, to Capt. Strachan in the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. Comn. renewed by James VII. Appointed Aide-Major 23 Aug. 1688. Joined in Lt.-Col. Wm. Livingstone's conspiracy to take the Eoyal Scots Dragoons, in which he was then Captain, over to Lord Dundee, in the spring of 1689. Was imprisoned and deprived of his Commission (Creichton's Memoirs). Mentioned in Strickland's Lives of the Queens of England as being at the Court of St. Germains in Jan. 1702, when Lord Belhaven came over on a secret Jacobite mission. Capt. John Livingstone md. Elizabeth, sister to Sir Robert Hamilton, 2nd Bart, of Silverton Hill, which lady was sister-in-law to Lord Belhaven. 5 See biog. notice on p. 20, note 3. 6 Appointed Lieut, to Capt. Inglis in the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. Out of the Regt. before Feb. 1685. 7 The Hon. Alexander Seton, 2nd son of George 2nd Earl of Winton, was created Visct. Kingston, 6 Feb. 1650. Writing to the Earl of Lauderdale, 23 March, 1667, when there was an idea of levying fresh troops, Lord Kingston assured Lauderdale that he wished to be looked upon as " ane obedient loyall subject " (Add. MS. 23126, f o. 142). Resigned his Commission as Capt. of an Indep. Troop of Dragoons, 24 July, 1679. D. 21 Oct. 1691 and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son Archibald. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 107 8 Served at Bothwell Brig. Capt. of an Indep. Troop of Dragoons 24 July, 1679. Capt. in the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. He was actively employed with his Troop in the West of Scotland and captured Cargill, Smith, and Brown, three well-known Covenan- ting preachers, on 12 July, 1681, at Covington Mill. (Letter from the Duke of Hamilton to the Earl of Queensberry, 13 July, 1681.) Resignedhis Commission 11 May, 1683. This officer was son of John Stewart, Commendator of Coldingham (son of Francis Stewart Earl of Bothwell), and served as a trooper in the Scots Life Guards (Creichton's Memoirs). Francis Stewart figures in Old Mortality as " Sergt. Francis Bothwell " killed by a Covenan- ter at Drumclog. 9 Lieut, to Lord Kingston's Indep. Tp. of Dragoons, 3 Sept. 1679. Lieut, in the Scots Dragoons, 25 Nov. 1681. Capt. Lieut, in same Begt., 11 May, 1683. Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685. Resigned in Oct. 1685. John Skene writing from London, 22 Oct. 1685, to his brother Mr. Thomas Skene, Advocate, Edinburgh, records that " Thomas Winraham quho was Captain liutenant is maid manadger of the invalids stock (Skene Correspondence in General Register House)." D. in Nov. 1689. A son of Sir George Winram of Liberton, one of the Senators of the College of Justice. See copy of Capt. Thos. Winram's Will in the Appendix. 10 See note 8. 11 See note 9. 13 Son of Alex. Creichton who was of Scottish descent. Born at Castle-fin, Donegal, 8th May, 1648. Went to Scotland in 1674, and through the interest of Dr. Christopher Irvine was accepted as a "gentleman private" in the King's Troop of Life Guards. Having earned a reputation as a relentless foe to the persecuted Covenanters, he was given a lieutenant's Commission as above. On the formation of the Regt. of Scots Dragoons in Nov. 1681, Creichton was appointed Lieut, to Capt. Fras. Stewart's Troop. His services with the Scots Dragoons have been handed down in his Memoirs which he related to Dean Swift, in Ireland, when 82 years of age. Making due allowance for the narrator's age, and tendency to exaggeration, the Memoirs bear the impression of truth in all the most important details. After the Revolution Creichton succeeded to Blair's Troop, but joining in Lt. Col. Wm. Livingston's conspiracy was deprived of his Comn. and imprisoned. 108 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 HIGHLAND COMPANIES.* 1678. King's Letter to the Privy Council of Scotland concerning the two Highland Companies to be raised for secur- ing the peace of the Highlands - Whitehall, 4 Sept., 1678. CAPTAINS. Sir James Campbell * of Lawers. Colonel James Menzies. 2 Mem. — " That the Commission granted to Lawers was recalled and a new Commission of the same date granted to the Earl of Caithness, 3 to be Captain of the Company whereof Lawers was appointed Lieutenant." John, Earl of Caithness, 3 to be Captain of one of the two Companies of Highlandmen - - Windsor, 5 Sept., 1678. Colonel James Menzies 2 to be Captain of the other Company - - - Windsor, „ ,, Sir James Campbell l of Lawers to be 1st Lieutenant to the Earl of Caithness's new Company of Highland- men Whitehall, 27 Sept., 1678. Alexander Campbell of to be 2nd Lieutenant to above Cy. - - ... Whitehall, Alexander Mackarter (sic) to be Ensign to above Cy. Whitehall, Archibald Campbell 4 of Inveraw to be 1st Lieut, to Col. James Menzies' Company of Highlandmen - Whitehall, John Campbell of Airdes to be 2nd Lieutenant to above Company - - .... Whitehall, — Campbell of to be Ensign to above Company Whitehall, * Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV. The Privy Council ordered garrisons to be kept at Braemar, Inverlochy, and Ruthven, by an Act passed 22 Dec. 1664. These garri- sons were drawn from the Foot Guards prior to 1678 (see chapter on the "Highland Watch " in Ross's Old Scottish Colours, pp. 23-28). The King's Letter to the Treasury, 5 Sept. 1678, laid down the establishment and pay of the two new Companies. They were to consist of 150 men each. The soldiers were to receive five shillings Scots per diem ; each captain eight shillings sterling per diem, each lieutenant four shillings sterling per diem, and each ensign (or 2nd lieutenant) three shillings sterling per diem. There were to be three sergeants to each Company who were to receive respectively eighteen shillings Scots per diem ; and four corporals to each Company who were to receive respectively twelve shillings Scots ptr diem. These two Companies were disbanded in March, 1681, and were replaced by two new Companies added to the Earl of Mar's Regt. 1 Son of Sir Mungo Campbell of Lawers who was younger brother to John, Earl of Loudoun. This Sir Mungo was Colonel of a Regt. of Scots Foot which served in Ireland, 1642-1644, and was killed at the battle of Auldearn in 1645. His son James, who had served in his father's regiment, both in Ireland and Scotland, succeeded to the command of the THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 109 above corps. " In 1645 Parliament passed an Act in favour of his mother and her family as to the arrears due to Sir Mungo." Col. James Campbell was appointed Lyon King of Arms by the Protector, but lost this post at the Restoration. Justice of the Peace for Perthshire, 1663. It is uncertain when he was knighted, but it was before 1655. He was twice married, and left issue. D. after 1689. See The Genealogist, Vol. V., pp. 135-6. 2 Of Culdares, Co. Perth. The first of the family of Culdares had married Margaret youngest dau. of Sir Andrew Kerr of Fernihirst. Col. James Menzies fought under the Covenant banner in the Civil Wars of Charles I. He captured the Marquis of Huntley for whose person £1,000 had been offered by the Estates. This sum was awarded to Menzies by Act of Parliament, 7 Jan. 1648. He subsequently went over to the Royalist side, and was Lieut.-Colonel to Argyll's Regt. of Foot in 1650. After Dunbar, the King's Crown and Sceptre were entrusted to Col. Menzies, who conveyed them to Dunottar Castle. On the 14th July, 1675, the King signed a Warrant for Charter of new inf eftment to Col. James Menzies and his eldest son Archibald of the lands of Coldairs, &c, and an erection of all the said lands into the barony of Coldairs. Cal. S.P.D., 1675-6, p. 214. 3 Sir John Campbell 5th Bt. of Glenorchy (only son of the 4th Bt.) being the principal creditor of George, 6th Earl of Caithness, the latter mortgaged his whole estate and earldom to the aforesaid Sir John Campbell of Glenorchy, who assumed the surname and arms of Sinclair, in 1672. The Earl of Caithness d. in 1676, whereupon Sir John, being then in possession of the earldom, obtained a Patent, dated Whitehall, 28 June, 1677, creating him Earl of Caithness. His title was, however, disputed by George Sinclair of Keiss, the heir male of the last earl. The Privy Council declared the said George Sinclair the rightful Earl of Caithness, and accordingly Glenorchy resigned the title and obtained a Patent, dated 13 Aug. 1681, creating him Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, with precedency of the former Patent, 28 June, 1677. Being implicated in the Massacre of Glencoe, Lord Breadalbane was committed for high treason to Edinburgh Castle, but was discharged without trial. D. 19 March, 1717. 4 Commissioner of Supply for Argyllshire, 1678 and 1685. 110 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1678. THEEE NEW TROOPS OF HORSE. Commissions. {Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IV.) James, Earl of Airly, 1 to be Captain of a Troop of Horse to consist of 60 horsemen besides officers Windsor Castle, 23 Sept., 1678. [James] Earl of Home 2 to be Captain of another troop of Horse of same strength - - Windsor Castle, „ ,, John Graham s of Claverhouse to be Captain of a similar Troop Windsor Castle, Adam Urquhart * of Meldrum to be Lieut, to the Earl of Airly's Troop - - ... Whitehall, 27 Sept., 1678. Sir Francis Ruthven 6 to be Cornet to the Earl of Airly's Troop ... . Whitehall, Blank Commission for Quarter-Master to last-named Troop Whitehall, The Master of Rosse 6 to be Lieut, to the Earl of Home's Troop .... Whitehall, Sir Mark Carse 7 to be Cornet to the Earl of Home's Troop ...... Whitehall, David Home 8 of Woolstruther to be Quarter-Master to last-named Troop - - - Whitehall, „ „ [Andrew] Bruce 9 of Earlshall to be Lieut, to Capt. John Graham of Claverhouse's Troop - Whitehall, „ „ Robert Graham 10 to be Cornet to Capt. John Graham of Claverhouse's Troop - - - Whitehall, ,, James Graham u to be Quarter-Master to last-named Troop - - - ... Whitehall, THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 HI 1680. SUPPLEMENTAEY COMMISSIONS. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V.) Wm. Graham 12 to be Cornet to the Laird of Claver- house's Troop of Horse in place of the deceased Robert Graham .... - Whitehall, 3 March, 1680. David Graham 18 (brother German to John Graham of Claverhouse) to be Quarter-Master to latter's Troop in place of [James] Graham deceased - Whitehall, „ „ William, Master of Rosse, 14 to be Capt. of the Troop of Horse formerly commanded by James, Earl of Home, whose Commission is hereby declared void Windsor Castle, 4 Sept., 1680. Sir Mark Carse 15 of Cockpenne to be Lieut, to the Master of Rosse's Troop of Horse - - - Whitehall, 10 Sept., 1680. Sir Adam Blair, 16 Yr., of Carberie to be Cornet to the Master of Rosse's Troop of Horse - Whitehall, Blank Commission for Quarter-Master to last-named Troop - - - - Whitehall, Adam Urquhart " of Meldrum to be Capt. of the Troop of Horse lately commanded by James Earl of Airlie - ... Whitehall, 25 Nov., 1682. Sir Francis Ruthven 18 to be Lieut, of the Troop of Horse commanded by Capt. Adam Urquhart of Mel- drum - Whitehall, 12 Dec, 1682. [Wm.] Keath 19 of Ludwharn (sic) to be Cornet to last- named Troop - - Whitehall, 1 See biog. notice on p. 64, note 1. 2 Fifth Earl. Resigned his Commission in the summer of 1680. D.s.p. 22 July, 1706. 8 So far as can be ascertained this is Claverhouse's first Commission in the Scots Army. 4 See his Commission on p. 11, and note thereto. 5 Of Redcastle, Co. Forfar, Knight. Lieut, to Capt. Adam Urquhart's Troop of Horse, 12 Dee. 1682. Lieut, to same Troop in Claverhouse's Regt. of Horse, 27 Dec. 1682. Out of the Regt. 21 Dec. 1684. Md. Elizabeth, 2nd dau. of Lord Ruthven, of Freeland, and had issue. 6 Succeeded his father as 12th Lord Ross of Hawkhead in 1682. Capt. of the Troop of Horse whereof the Earl of Home had been Captain, 4 Sept. 1680. Capt. of same Troop in Claverhouse's Regt. of Horse, 26 Dec. 1682 ; Major and Captain in said Regt. 4 Aug. 1684. He received 51- p. diem as Major in addi'tion to his pay as Captain of a Troop (King's Letter to the Lord Treasurer of Scotland, 4 Aug. 1684). Resigned his Commission 7 Aug. 1686. Had been actively employed against the Covenanters in the West of Scotland, but forwarded the Revolution. Appointed Capt. of an Indep. Troop of Scots Horse in 1689. Was in great favour with William III. and Queen Anne. D. in 1738. 7 Of Cockpenne. Lieut, to the Master of Ross's Troop 10 Sept. 1680. Lieut, to Lord Ross's Troop in Claverhouse's Regt., 26 Dec. 1682 ; Comn. renewed by James VII. in March, 1685 ; serving with the Rest, in England when it was struck off the establish- 112 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ment, Jan. 1689. In the Lyon Office Matriculation Register reference is made to "Sir Mark Carse of Fordelcarse." 8 Appointed Qr. Master to Lord Boss's Troop in Claverhouse's Regt., 26 Dec. 1682. Out of the Regt. 13 Jan. 1683. 9 Claverhouse's right-hand man. Sheriff-depute, conjointly with his chief, of Dumfries ; Annandale, Wigton, and Kirkcudbright, 27 Jan. 1679. Son of Sir Andrew Bruce, knt. Fought at Bothwell Brig. Had a share of the forfeited estates. Under date of 20 July, 1680, Wodrow writes : — " Richard Cameron, Hackston of Rathillet, and their followers, were surprised by Earlshall and his party. Cameron killed on the spot. Rathillet taken prisoner." This was the action known as Ayrs-Moss, in the parish of Auchinleck in Kyle. Andrew Bruce accompanied his Regt. to England, in Oct. 1688, and returned with Dundee and his Troop to Scotland in Dec. same year. He remained true to his salt. D. in 1704. See pedigree of " Bruce of Earlshall " in The Genealogist, "Vol. VII., pp. 131-142. 10 Kinsman to Claverhouse. " Slain by a musket shot at Drumclog from one John Alstoun, a miller's son, a tenant of Weir of Blackwood " (Kirkton's Church of Scotland, p. 442). " The rebels," says Creichton in his Memoirs, " finding the cornet's body, and supposing it to be that of Clavers, because the name of Graham was wrought in the shirt neck, treated it with the utmost inhumanity ; cutting off the nose, pulling out the eyes, and stabbing it through in a hundred places." Guild's Bellum Bothwellianum, quoted in Scott's Minstrelsy, mentions the same barbarity. It is only fair to the Covenanters who fought at Drumclog to disbelieve the above savage conduct attributed to them. " The tradition," remarks Professor Sanf ord Terry, in his John Graham of Claverhouse, " is no doubt wholly fictitious. Such mutilation as the cornet's body was subjected to was cer- tainly due to the horses riding over it in the fight," pp. 56-7, note 3. 11 Dead before 3 March, 1680. 12 Of Balquhaple. Appointed Cornet to Claverhouse's Troop in latter's Regt. 25 Dec. 1682 ; Lieut, to Meldrum's Troop, 21 Feb. 1684. Accompanied his chief to England in Oct. 1688, and returned with him to Scotland in December. Had been promoted Major of Lord Dundee's Regt., 7 Dec. 1688 ; one of the last Commissions signed by the unfortunate James VII. Acted as godfather at the baptism of Dundee's infant son, 9 April, 1689. Fought at Killiecrankie. Attainted by Act of Parliament 14 July, 1690. 13 Appointed Qr. -Master to Claverhouse's Troop in latter's Regt., 25 Dec. 1682. Cornet to said Troop 21 Feb. 1684. Accompanied his Regt. to England in Oct. 1688. Returned with his Troop to Scotland in Dec. 1688. "Was at the battle of Killiecrankie. Succeeded his nephew as 3rd Visct. Dundee in Dec. 1689. Attainted by Act of Parliament, 14 July, 1690. Retired to France in 1692, and was invested by King James with the Order of the Thistle. D.s.p. in 1700. 14 See biog. notice on p. Ill, note 6. 15 See p. Ill, note 7. 16 Son of Robert Blair. Appointed Cornet to Lord Ross's Troop in Claverhouse's Regt. 26 Dec. 1682. Wounded in action at Stone Dyke Park, 20 June, 1685. Capt. in said Regt. 6 Nov. 1685. Accompanied the Scots Army to England in Oct. 1688. Adhered to James VII. at the Revolution and his Troop given to his Lieut. — John Creichton. In July, 1689, Sir Adam Blair was arrested and imprisoned in the Gate-house, Westminster (Letter from Lord Melville to the Duke of Hamilton, 8 July, 1689). Impeached for high treason by both Houses of Parliament. Made his escape with Dr. Gray, another Jacobite prisoner, but they were retaken in an open boat, off Dover, making for Calais (Luttrell's Short Relation of State Affairs'). Eventually Blair was allowed to retire to France, where he fell foul of his own party and was committed to the Bastile. Ibid, under date of 3 Oct. 1702. 17 See biog. notice on p. 11, note 3. 18 See p. Ill, note 5. 19 Son of Sir Wm. Keith of Ludquhairn, a Bart, of Nova Scotia. Cornet in Claver- house's Regt. of Horse 27 Dec, 1682. Succeeded his father as Bart, before 7 Dec. 1688, on which date Cornet Sir W. Keith was promoted Lieut, in Lord Dundee's Regt. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 113 1678. LIST OF CHARLES, EARL OF MAR'S NEW-RAISED REGT. OF FOOT.* The Commissions of the Field Officers and Captains were dated at Windsor Castle, 23rd September, 1678 ; the Subalterns' Commis- sions bore date 27th September. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IV.) CAPTS. Charles, Earl of Mar, 1 Col. Earl of Dalhousie, 2 Lt. Col. Andrew White, 3 Major. [David] Bruce 4 of Clackmanan. John Balfour. 5 James Murray. 6 of Philiphaugh. [Sir Patrick] Ogilvy 7 of Boyne. Sir Robert Dalzell. 8 LIEUTS. Charles Fleming 9 [Capt. Lieut.] Charles Scott 10 of Boninstoun. [John] Dalzell 11 John Scott in Swans- toun. Charles Straitoune. 12 Walter Nairne. Kenneth McKenzie 13 of Suddie. [Wm.] Trotter. 14 QR.-MASTEK. James Wood. 21 ENSIGNS. Alex. Livingstoune, 16 Donald McKenzie. Duncan Menzies. 16 [John] Bruce, 17 bro. to Bruce of Clackmanan. — Tyre, son to David Tyre. [Wm.] Burnett 18 of Barnes. John Innes, 19 son to the Laird of Innes. George Maitland 20 of Eccles. COMMISSIONS IN LORD MAR'S REGT. 1679-1681. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vols. V., VI.) James Arnet 22 (sic) of Ferny to be Ensign of Capt. John Balfour's Company - Whitehall, 19 June, 1679. Alex. Stratoun 28 to be Lieut, to Capt. John Balfour's Company - Windsor Castle, 15 Sept., 1679. Thomas Douglas 24 (brother German to the deceased Laird of Cavers) to be Capt. of that Company whereof James Murray of Philiphaugh was late Cap- tain Whitehall, 15 Oct., 1679. 114 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Wm. Burnett 25 of Barnes to be Lieut, to Captain Thomas Douglas's Company - Whitehall, 15 Oct., 1679. Michael Veitch 26 (lawful son to Sir John Veitch of Dawick) to be Ensign to Capt. Thos. Doug- las - Whitehall, 18 Nov., 1679. John Dalyell 27 to be Capt. of the Company of Foot, formerly commanded " by Sir Robert Dalyell your father." - Whitehall, 12 Dec, 1679. Robert Dalyell 28 (formerly Sergeant of Capt. Morray's Company in the Guards) to be Ensign to Capt. John Dalyell - - - Whitehall, 3 March, 1680. John Areskin 29 (brother German to the Laird of Alva) to be Ensign to the Earl of Mar's own Company in latter's Regt. - Newmarket, 17 March, 1680. [John] Bruce 30 (brother of Bruce of Clackmanan) to be Captain of " your late brother's Com- pany." - Windsor Castle, 31 May, 1680. Alex. Stewart 81 to be Ensign to Capt. [John] Bruce. - - Windsor Castle, 1 June, 1680. James Stirling s2 (brother German to the Laird of Keir) to be Ensign of the Earl of Mar's own Company [in room of John Areskin appointed Ensign to Lord Mar's Company in Stirling Castle] Whitehall, 10 Sept., 1680. George Bruce 33 (brother to the Laird of Clack- mannan) to be Ensign to his brother Capt. John Bruce - . Whitehall, — King 84 to be Lieut, to the Earl of Dalhousie's Com- pany - Whitehall 14 Feb., 1681. TWO NEW COMPANIES ADDED TO THE EARL OF MAR'S REGT. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VI.) The Commissions were dated, Whitehall, 7 April, 1681. CAPTS. LIEUTS. ENSIGNS. [Kenneth] Mackenzie, 35 Wm. Sharp. 37 [Chris.] Mackdougal. 39 of Suddie. Alex. Cairnes, 36 John Livingstoune, 38 [Andrew] Wood. 40 OTHER COMMISSIONS. Duncan Menzies 41 (Ensign to Major White) to be Aid Major of the Earl of Mar's Regt. - Whitehall, 19 Oct., 1681. Wm. Fraser 42 (eldest son to the Master of Salton) to be Capt. of the Company lately commanded by Sir Patrick Ogilvy of Boyne (now one of the Senators of Our College of Justice). - Whitehall, 29 Oct., 1681. John Bell 43 to be Lieut, to the Earl of Dalhousie's Company [in room of — King] - - Whitehall, 14 Dec, 1681. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 115 COMPANY OF GRENADIERS ADDED TO THE EARL OF MAR'S REGT. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII.) The Commissions were dated at Windsor Castle, 19 June, 1682. CAPT. 1ST. LIEUT. 2ND. LIEUT. Wm. Garioch. 44 Wm. White. 46 Robert Nisbet. 46 OTHER COMMISSIONS. Lt. Col. Thomas Buchan 47 to be Lt. Col. of Lord Mar's Regt. (in place of the late deceased Earl of Dal- housie) and Capt. of a Company Whitehall, 7 Dec, 1682. John Balfour 48 to be Major in place of Major White and Capt. of a Company Whitehall, ,, „ Charles Fleming 49 to be Capt. of a Company lately commanded by Major White [appointed Lt. Gov. of Edinburgh Castle] - - Whitehall, „ „ Alex. Leith 60 to be Ensign to Lt. Colonel Thomas Buchan - - ' Whitehall, 6 Feb., 1683. Henry Bruce 61 to be Ensign to his brother Capt. John Bruce Whitehall, „ „ Colin McKenzie 62 (uncle to the Earl of Seaforth) to be Capt. Lieut. - Whitehall, 30 March, 1683. Duncan Menzies 63 (Aid Major) to be Lieut, of Capt. Wm. Fraser's Company - Windsor Castle, 18 May, 1683. ~W alter Sharp 54 (son to — Sharp of Houstoun) to be Ensign to Capt. Charles Fleming's Com- pany - - - Windsor Castle, „ „ Alex. Straton 66 to be Ensign to Major Balfour's Com- pany - ~ - Whitehall, 27 Nov., 1683. Wm. Borthwick 66 to be Surgeon - Whitehall, 31 Jan., 1684. Colin McKenzie 67 to be Captain in place of Capt. Charles Fleming deceased - - Whitehall, 1 April, 1684. John Bell 58 to be Capt. Lieut, [in place of Colin McKenzie promoted] Whitehall, „ „ John Bell 59 [Yr.] to be Ensign to the Earl of Mar's own Company - - - - Whitehall, „ „ James Stirling 60 to be Lieut, of Lt. Col. Thomas Buchan's Company - Whitehall, „ * The present Royal Scots Fusiliers served at Bothwell Bridge and were subsequently employed in the South West of Scotland. In April, 1681, two new Companies were added to the Earl of Mar's Regt. in place of the two Highland Companies which were disbanded. These new Companies had the unpleasant duty of " uplifting the cess and taxation " in the Highlands. Under date of 14 Nov. 1682, a Scottish chronicler writes : — " Complaints being exhibited against Cameron of Locheill and some of his clan, for sorning, robbing, deforcing, and doing violence and affronts to a party of the King's forces, who came there to uplift the cess taxation. The Lords ordained them to be presently disarmed of their swords, pistols, and skien-durks and to be securely imprisoned " (Fountainhall's The Decisions of the Lords of Council, pp. 359-360). The same writer records on 30 Nov. 1682, that Cameron of Lochiel was fined £100 by the Privy Council as head of the clan " for the deforcement and violence offered by his men to the King's forces." Ibid. o 2 116 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 1 See p. 32, note 7. 2 Third Earl. Had a share of the " Forfeitures " after Both-well Brig. Sheriff of the County of Edinburgh at the time of his death in 1682. 8 See biog. notice on p. 38, note 8. 4 See do. on p. 96, note 5. 5 Of Pernio. Second son of the 3rd Lord Balfour of Burleigh. Had a share of the " Forfeitures " after Bothwell Brig. Major of Mar's Regt., 7 Dec. 1682. Lt. Col. of said Regt., 29 July, 1686. Accompanied his corps to England in Oct. 1688. Left the Army same year. He was attainted for his participation in the '15 and d. 1725. The estate of Fernie was restored to this officer's eldest son, Arthur, by George II. 6 Had a share of the " Forfeitures " after Bothwell Bridge. Left the Regt. in Oct. 1679. Aftds. Sir James Murray, Knt. Appointed a Senator of the College of Justice, 1689. 7 See biog. notice on p. 100, note 5. 8 Of Glenae. Created a Bart, of Nova Scotia, 11 April, 1666. Son and heir of the Hon. Sir John Dalzell, who was 2nd son of the first Earl of Carnwath. Sir Robert Dalzell resigned his Company in favour of his eldest son, John Dalzell, 12 Dec. 1679. D. in Sept. 1685. 9 Promoted Capt., 7 Dec. 1682. Sixth son of the 3rd Earl of Wigton. D. in March, 1684. 10 Served previously as Ensign in Sir George Monro's Regt. Took part in the trial of James Mitchell, Covenanter, 1678. Left the Earl of Mar's Regt. in Feb. 1681. 11 Captain of the Company which his father, Sir Robert Dalzell, Bt., vacated, 12 Dec. 1679. He was with Major White in the skirmish with a large party of Covenanters at Lesmahago, in March, 1679, and was desperately wounded in the groin by a thrust from a pitchfork and taken prisoner (The Lauderdale Papers, Vol. III., p. 163.) Left the Earl of Mar's Regt. in Aug. 1686. Succeeded his father as 2nd Bart, of Glenae in 1689. Father of Sir Robert Dalzell, who succeeded, in 1702, as 6th Earl of Carnwath. 12 Appointed Capt. in the Scots Foot Guards, 20 June, 1682. See biog. notice on p. 28, note 7. "Appointed Capt. of anew Company added to the Earl of Mar's Regt., 7 Apr. 1681. Killed in action in August, 1688, at the head of his Company, when assisting Macdonald of Keppoch to subdue Mackintosh and his clan in Lochaber (Memoirs of Lochiel, p. 230). Mackenzie of Suddie md. Isabella, dau. of John Paterson, Bishop of Ross, and sister of Archbishop Paterson, last Archbishop of Glasgow. 14 Possibly the ¥m. Trotter, who served as a Trooper in Lord Kincardine's Troop in 1666-7. Promoted Capt., 2 Aug. 1686. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 15 Out of the Regt. 17 March, 1680. 16 Of Comrie. Served at Lesmahago fight in March, 1679. Appointed Aide-Major of Mar's Regt., 19 Oct. 1681. Took the side of James "VII. at the Revolution. Fought under Dundee at Killiecrankie. Believed to be the Major Menzies taken prisoner by the Royalists in the island of Cluny, Oct. 1690. 17 Capt. of his late brother's Company, 31 May, 1680. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 18 The Burnets of Barns are said by Nisbet to have been descendants of Robert de Buraetville. Lieut., 15 Oct. 1679. Promoted Capt. after the Revolution. Served in Flanders. Out of the Regt. 10 Nov. 1692. 19 The name of " Ensign John Innes " appears in the List of those to whom " Forfeitures " were granted in Dec. 1679. Out of the Regt. on the accession of James VII. Not identified with the " John Innys " appointed Major in the Princess Anne of Denmark's Regt. of Foot, 19 June, 1685. 20 See his Comn. on p. 100 and note 18, p. 101. 21 Believed to be identical with the "Major James Wood " appointed Qr-Mr. to Lord Mar's Regt., 7 Jan. 1686. Captain in Col. Hales's Regt. of Foot, 31 Dec. 1688 (English Army Lists, Vol. II., p. 251). Major of Lord Strathnaver's Scots Regt. in 1693. This Regt. was taken into Dutch pay after the Peace of Ryswick. Brig. Gen. 1704. Colonel of a Scots Regt. in Holland, 28 Sept. 1704. Col. of the present Royal Scots Fusiliers, 9 March, 1727. Major-General, 27 Oct. 1735. D. 18 May, 1738. This officer was knighted, but when, or by whom, is not apparent. In The Marlborough Despatches is a letter from the Duke of Marlborough, to Sir James Wood (dated 1st May, 1705) expostulating with him on his treatment of Lady Wood who was left with her children in a necessitous condition during her husband's absence. 22 Out of the Regt. on the accession of James VII. THE SCOTS AKMY, 1661-1688 117 23 Believed to be the father of Capt. Alexander Straiton of this Eegt. who was killed at Blenheim, where he served as senior Capt. (See Blenheim Roll, p. 57). There being two officers named Alex. Straiton serving as Captains in the Scots Fusiliers it is difficult to distinguish between them. 24 Promoted Major, 21 Aug. 1686. Lt.-Colonel before 1693. Served in Flanders. On 1st Sept. 1693, his Company was given to Wm. Murray. 25 See note 18. 26 Comn. renewed by James VII. Untraced after 1687. 27 See biog. notice on p. 116, note 11. i 28 Parentage unknown. In Notes and Queries for 1886, a correspondent writes : — " I have a copy of the retour constituting Robert Dalzell, ensign to Captain Dalzell, tutor to Thomas and Janet Dalzeall, legitimate children of the deceased John Dalzeall of Straith and his 3rd wife Julia Fergusone. The inquest was made in Dec. 1681 within the town hall of the burgh of Canongate, Edinburgh " (6th series, Vol. XI., p. 187). Ensign Robert Dalzell left Mar's Regt. 15 Jan. 1687. It has not been definitely proved that this officer is identical with the Robert Dalzell named in' Colonel John Gibson's letter to J. Ellis, Esq., dated Portsmouth, 29 Oct. 1701, asking that his (Gibson's) son-in-law, Capt. Robert Dalzell, who " carried arms in Holland several years before the Revolution and was made Ensign at the Revolution ; and was Captain in my late Regt. all the years that it stood " should be appointed Town Major of Portsmouth (Add MS. 28887, fo. 345). The aforesaid Capt. Robert Dalzell (who md. Anne Mary Gibson, dau. of Col. Sir John Gibson of Pentland, Lt. Gov. of Portsmouth) attained the rank of Lt.-General and Colonel of the 38th Foot. He saw considerable service in Spain and Flanders. In 1720 he was appointed Treasurer of the Sun Fire Office and Chairman of the Directors, 1750. D. in 1758 aged 96. Bd. in St. Martin's Church in the Fields, London. 29 Out of the Regt. before 1685. Succeeded his brother Sir James Erskine (who was killed at Landen, 23 July, 1693) as 3rd. Bart, of Alva. D. in consequence of a fall from his horse in 1739. 30 See p. 116, note 17. 31 Left the Regt. 1.0 Sept. 1680. 32 See p. 101, note 16. 33 Out of the Regt. 6 Feb. 1683. 34 Out of the Regt. 14 Dec. 1681. 35 See p. 116, note 13. 36 Comn. renewed by James VII., 30 March, 1685. Left the Regt. early in 1689. 37 Probably related to Sir "Wm. Sharp of Scotscraig. Capt. in same Regt. in 1692. Served at Steinkirk. In Cannon's Records of the 2lst Fusiliers it is stated that Capt. Sharp of this Regt. was killed at Steinkirk, but this was not the case, as Colin Mackenzie's Comn., dated 1 Aug. 1692, gives "Lieut, to Capt. Wm. Sharpe." Transferred to the Scots Guards, 1 Sept. 1693. Comn. as Capt. and Lt. Col. renewed in 1702. D. on service in Spain in 1710, and his company given to Visct. Falkland, 22 Aug. same year. 38 Comn. renewed by James VII., in March, 1685. Out of the Regt. 29 March, 1687. 39 Comn. renewed by James VII., in March, 1685. Left the Regt. 20 Apr. 1688. 40 Succeeded as Ensign by Robert Wood, 7 Jan. 1686. 41 See p. 116, note 16. 42 Left the Regt. soon after his father's death, which took place in 1682. Succeeded his grandfather as 11th Lord Saltoun, in 1693. " He was a mighty promoter of the project of Darien and opposed the Union with all his interest. " (Douglas's Peerage.) D. 1716. 43 Capt.-Lieut., 1 Apr. 1684. Capt., 23 Apr. 1688. Accompanied the Regt. to England in Oct. 1688. Not in any subsequent List. 44 Comn. renewed by James VII. Out of the Regt. before 1688. 45 Killed at the battle of Steinkirk, in 1692, while serving as a Capt. in same Regt. Pension of £30 to his widow, Elizabeth White. See English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. III., p. 403. 46 Eldest son and heir of Robert Nisbet of the family of Nisbet of Cartin. Md. Anna, elder dau. of John McKerrell, 4th Laird of Hillhouse. Marriage contract dated 1689 (Landed Gentry, McKerrell pedigree). Promoted Capt. before 1 Jan. 1692, when his Com- pany was given to James Kygo. 47 " Third son of James Buchan of Auchmacoy , Aberdeenshire. He had served in France in the Royal Scots Regt. (Commission as Captain, dated May 15th, 1671, preserved at 118 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Auchmacoy). Lt.-Colonel of Col. Hugh Mackay's Regt. in the Dutch Scots Brigade prior to 1680 (Scots Brigade in Holland, Vol. I., p. 509 note 6). Succeeded the Earl of Mar as Colonel, 29 July, 1686. Brig.-Gen. of the Foot, 12 Nov. 1688. Adhered to James VII. at the Revolution and was deprived of his Comn. by the Prince of Orange. Followed King James to Ireland in 1689 ; and in March, 1690, was sent, with the rank of Major-General, to Scotland to supersede Major-General Cannon as Commander of the Jacobite forces in that Kingdom. Surprised at Cromdale, in Strathspey, on the night of 1 May, 1690, by the Royalist forces under Sir Thos. Livingstone, who inflicted great loss on the Jacobite troops. Failing to effect anything in Scotland, Buchan returned to France. D. 1720. 48 See p. 116, note 5. 49 See p. 116, note 9. 50 Lieut, to a new Company added to Buchan's (late Mar's) Regt., 23 Apr. 1688. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 51 Do. Henry Bruce was youngest son of Sir Henry Bruce of Clackmanan. Md. Jean, dau. of Alex. Bruce of Kinnaird, and d., aged 80, in 1741. Burke's Commoners, Vol. IV., p. 618. 63 Capt., 30 March, 1683. Resigned his Company in favour of his son Robert Mackenzie, 7 Jan. 1688. Md. Miss Jean Laurie and had issue. Attainted by Act of Parliament, 14 July, 1690. 63 See p. 116, note 16. 64 Lieut., 25 Sept. 1688. Capt., 1 Jan. 1692. Served at Steinkirk and Landen. Major in 1704. Fought at Blenheim. Lt.-Col., 25 Aug. 1706. Left the Scots Fusiliers, 25 Sept. 1708. D. in 1710. Believed to be the Col. Walter Sharp of Blance, who md. a dau. of Sir Thos. Dalyell. 55 Lieut., 29 Nov. 1688. Capt-Lieut., 7 March, 1689. Capt., 1 Aug. 1692. Served at Stein- kirk. Wounded at Landen. Killed at Blenheim. Believed to be son of the Capt. Alex. Straiton of the same Regt. See p. 117, note 23. 56 See p. 54, note 9. 67 See note 52. 58 See p. 117, note 43. 59 Left the Regt. as a Lieut, at the Revolution. In a " List of the Rebels in France, 1695," appears " Lieut. John Bell of O'Farrel's Regt." Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx. 115a. 60 See biog. notice on p. 101, note 16. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 119 TROOPS ON THE ENGLISH ESTABLISHMENT SENT TO SCOTLAND, IN JUNE 1679, TO JOIN THE DUKE OF MONMOUTH.* Horse, capt. lieut. Major Edmund Maine. 1 [Ant. Heyford.] 4 Dragoons. capts. lieut. Major Theophilus Oglethorp. 2 [Hen. Griffith.p Henry Cornewall. 8 * It has not been definitely ascertained whether the three troops named in the text were the only English auxiliaries which took part in the engagement at Bothwell Bridge. Under date of 9 June, 1679, Wodrow states that : — " The Council write to Major Main who, with a troop of horse and five of dragoons, was at Alnwick, and ready to act against the rebels, desiring him to march to Kelso .... and from thence to go to Jedburgh, and thence to Selkirk, where he should meet with a party of his Majesty's forces with further orders." (Vol. III. (1829 edit.), p. 85). By El. Warrants of 27 Dec. 1679, and 11 May, 1680, shares in the " Forfeitures " granted after Bothwell Bridge were bestowed on " Lt.-Colonel Mayne, Major Oglethorpe, and Capt. Cornwall." {Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. V.). The forfeited estates were those of " Gordon of Earleston," " Gordon of Craichlaw," and " Ferguson of Kaitlock." Before 1685 Oglethorp had purchased the shares of his two fellow officers. "These three Englishmen not having any of their effects in Scotland could not be reached by the laws of that Nation." Memoirs of John Ker of Kersland, p. 5. 1 Served at the siege of Maestricht in 1673, with Sir Henry Jones's Regt. of Horse (English Army Lists and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Introduction, XIV.). Major of the Duke of Monmouth's Regt. of Horse 10 Feb. 1678 (Ibid., p. 203). Lt.-Col. of Lord Gerard's Regt. of Horse in June, 1679 (Ibid., p. 256). Guidon and Major of the Duke of Albemarle's Troop of Life Guards, 1 Nov. 1680 (Ibid., p. 277). Served at Sedgemoor. Lt. and Lt.-Col. 3rd Troop of Life Guards, 23 Oct. 1685 (Ibid., Vol. II., p. 58). Brigadier over all the Horse 11 Nov. 1688 (Ibid., p. 200). Remained faithful to James VII. till the latter fled to France. Re-commissioned Lt. and Lt.-Col. of the 3rd Troop of Guards, 31 Dec. 1688. Brigadier-General 1 May, 1689 (Ibid., Vol. III., p. 99). Appointed Governor of Berwick-on-Tweed with a salary of £1,000 per annum 25 May, 1702 (Ibid., Vol. V., p. 155). Lt.-General 1 Jan. 1707 (Ibid., p. 159). He md. Mary Forster, dau. of Col. Thos. Forster of Alderstone. D. in Apr. 1711. Bd. at Bamburgh, Northumberland (Register). At the time of his death General Maine was M.P. for Morpeth. 2 Second son of Sutton Oglethorpe of Bramham, Yorkshire. Born 1650. Entered the Army soon after the Restoration as a Gentleman Private in the Duke of York's Troop of Life Guards. Major of the King's Own Regt. of Dragoons 19 Feb. 1678. (English Army Lists, Vol. I., p. 204). Brigadier of the Duke of York's Troop of Guards, 12 July, 1678 (Ibid., p. 240 ). Major of the new-raised Royal Dragoons-11 June, 1679 (Ibid., p. 255). Guidon and Major of the Duke of York's Troop of Life Guards, 31 Aug. 1679 (Ibid., p. 263). Cornet and Major of do. 30 Apr. 1680 (Ibid., p. 273). Lt. and Lt.-Col. of do. 1 Nov. 1680 (Ibid., p. 277). Commanded the advanced guard of Monmouth's Army at Bothwell Brig (Memoir in Diet. Nat. Biog.). Led a charge of Life Guards at Sedgemoor. Brought the news of the victory to Court and was knighted by the King. Col. of Horse 7 July, 1685. Col. of the Holland Regt. 23 Oct. 1685. Brig.-Gen. of Foot 11 Nov. 1688. Adhered to King James. One of the Jacobites against whom a Royal Proclamation was 120 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 issued 12 May, 1692. Made his peace with William III., and was elected M.P. for Hasle- mere, Surrey, 1698. D. 10 April, 1702. Bd. in St. James's Church, Westminster. 3 This officer had been appointed Capt. in the Holland Begt. of Foot in 1677. The probability is that he exchanged into a Dragoon regiment in 1679, but his Commission in such is not forthcoming. Granted a share in the " Forfeitures " after Bothwell Bridge by Royal Warrants dated 27 Dec. 1679 and 11 May, 1681. Forfeiture ratified by the Scots Parliament, 20 Aug. 1681 : — " Considering and calling to mind and seriously perpending the good faithfull and acceptable services done to his Majestie as well in time of war as peace Be [by] his Highnes faithfull subjects Lieut.-Colonel Edmund Main, Major Theophilus Oglethorpe, and Captain Henry Cornewall, &c." (Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. VIII., p. 323). Henry Cornewall was appointed 31 Aug. 1682, Capt.-Lieut. of the Earl of Oxford's Regt. of Horse ; Brevet-Capt. in do. 15 Nov. 1682. Capt. 24 Nov. 1684. Colonel of a new-raised Regt. of Foot (9th Foot) 19 June, 1685. Superseded 20 Nov. 1688. He was of Bredwardine Castle, Co. Hereford, and only son of Henry Cornewall of Moccas in same county. In his youth he had been Page of Honour to the Duke of York, and afterwards Master of the Horse to the Princess of Orange. M.P. for Weobly 1702-7. D. 22 Feb. 1717. Bd. in Westminster Abbey. 4 This officer had been appointed 1st Lieut, of a Troop of Horse Grenadiers, attached to the Duke of Monmouth's Troop of Life Guards, 3 April, 1678. Lieut, to Lt.-Col. Edmund Maine, in Lord Gerard's Regt. of Horse in June, 1679. The probability is that he served as Lieut, to Lt.-Col. Maine at Bothwell Bridge, but there is no positive proof of this. Ant. Heyf ord was appointed Colonel of the 1st Royal Dragoons, 1 July, 1689. 6 In 1678, Henry Griffith was Lieut, to Major Oglethorp and had the renowned Covenanter Wm. Veitch as a prisoner at Morpeth. He escorted Veitch to Edinburgh in Jan. 1679, " having an order from the King to the Lords of the Treasury to pay Major Oglethorp, or his order, £200 sterling for taking him but he only got £111 English." (Memoirs of Wm. Veitch). Re-commissioned Lieut, to Major Oglethorpe 11 June, 1679. Attained the rank of Exempt and Captain in the 3rd Troop of Life Guards 20 Apr. 1689. Out of the Army in THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 121 MEMBERS OF THE DUKE OF MONMOUTH'S SUITE WHEN HE CAME TO SCOTLAND IN JUNE, 1679. MASTER OF THE HORSE. Captain Sir Thomas Armstrong, 1 Knt. SECRETARY. James Vernon. 2 1 Son and heir of Sir Thos. Armstrong, Knt., Quarter-Master-General in Ireland, and Capt. of a Troop of Horse, who d. in Nov. 1662. The second Sir T. Armstrong was born at Nimeguen and baptised at St. Stephen's Protestant Church in that town, 27 Dec. 1633 (copy of baptismal register in the possession of Wm. 0. Heaton-Armstrong, Esq., M.P.). For his eminent services to Charles II. during the latter's exile in the Low Countries Thomas Armstrong, Jnr., was appointed Capt.-Lieut. of the Earl of Oxford's Regt. of Horse (the present Royal Horse Guards) at the raising of this corps in Feb. 1661. He was knighted soon after his father's death. Sir T. Armstrong served under Monmouth at the siege of Maestricht, in 1673, and acted as the latter's Master of the Horse in 1674 (Cal. S.P.D., 1 May, 1674). Armstrong accompanied the Duke to Scotland in 1679. Sir John Reresby records under date of 1 July (old style) : — " Hearing that the Duke of Monmouth was to be at Doncaster, post out of Scotland, I went to meet him. . . . He came not in till midnight, when we expected him no more that night. I was got into the bed designed for his grace. Before I could put on my clothes the Duke came in with Sir Thomas Armstrong ; they were glad to find something ready to eat. Sir Thomas Armstrong told me that the King had heard some lies of the Duke and had sent for him out of Scotland in haste " (Reresby's Memoirs, Caitwright edit. p. 175). For his suspected complicity in the Rye House Plot — Sir T. Armstrong, who was M.P. for Stafford, was arrested in Holland and taken prisoner to England. Executed at Tyburn, 20 June, 1684. Attainder reversed in 1694. 2 Son of Francis Vernon. Was secretary to the Duke of Monmouth from 1674 to 1679. The memoir of this gentleman in the Diet, of Nat. Biog. erroneously states that Vernon left Monmouth's service in 1678. The following extract from a letter written by Alex. John- stone to the Earl of Adnandale, 9 Jan. 1693-4, proves conclusively that James Vernon accompanied Monmouth to Bothwell Bridge, in June, 1679, as his secretary : — " Sir James Montgomery of Skelmorly was seized this morning by a warrant from Secretary Trenchard. The way of his taking is variously represented, but that which is most believed is that it was accedentall, for the messengers knew him not for severall houres, while in their custody, till Mr. Vernon the under secretary was sent for to see the person who imediatly knew him, Mr. Vernon having been Secretary to the Duke of Monmouth at Bothel bridge " {sic). {Hist. MSS. Comn., 15th Report, Appx. pt. IX., pp. 62-3). Vernon succeeded Sir Wm. Trumbull as Secretary of State, 5 Dec. 1697. He was father of Admiral Edward Vernon of Portobello renown. 122 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 1681. HIS MAJESTY'S EEGT. OF DRAGOONS.* The Commissions were dated at Whitehall, 25 November, 1681. {Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VI.) CAPTS. Lt. Gen. Dalyell, Col. Lord Charles Murray, 1 Lt.-Col. Sir James Turner, Major. John Strachan. John Inglis. Francis Stewart. [For annotations see ante.] LIEUTS. [Wm.] Cleland, Capt.-Lieut. [Thos.] Winram. [John] Lauder. [John] Livingstoune. Henry Dundasse. John Creichton. ENSIGNS. John Baillie of Poik- mal. [Jas.] Innes James Dundasse. Henry Drummond. Lewis Lauder. [John] Whiteford. 8 AID MAJOR. David Beatson. 8 QB. ME. Andrew Rosse. 8 CHIRURGEON. James Irving. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII.) James Murray 4 to be Lieut, to Sir James Turner - 28 Dec, 1682. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VIII.) [Wm.] Cleland 6 to be Capt. of the Company in His Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland formerly commanded by Capt. Francis Stewart - Windsor Castle, 11 May, 1683. [Thos.] Winram 6 to be Capt.-Lieut. to General Dalyell's own Company in above Regiment - Windsor Castle, ,, ,, Capt. Alex. Bruce 7 to be Lieut, of Lord Charles Murray's Company - - Windsor Castle, THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 123 [George] Kinnaird 8 (lawful son to George, Lord Kinnaird of Inchtuire) to be Ensign to Major Sir James Turner - - Windsor Castle, 11 May, 1683. [Renewed Commission to] David Beatson to be Aid Major Windsor Castle, [Renewed Commission to] Andrew Rosse 9 to be Quarter- Master - - Windsor Castle, „ Lewis Lauder 10 to be Lieut, to Capt. John Inglis's Company - - - Whitehall, 5 Dec, 1684. [Peter] Inglis 11 to be Ensign to Capt. John Inglis's Company - - Whitehall, „ * " The King's Letter to his Royal Highness concerning His Majestie's Regiment of Dragoons in Scotland whereof Lieut.-General Dalyell is appointed Colonel." "... Six men out of every Company of Foot Guards and the Earl of Mar's Regiment ; and forty five dragoons out of every one of the three Companies of Dragoons, together with one corporal of Dragoons out of every one of the said three companies ; and that this retrenchment be made upon the last day of November instant ; and that these soldiers, foot and dragoons so disbanded receive pay till that day inclusive. Wee have likewise thought fit for Our Service that three Companies of Dragoons be presently leavied ; each Company consisting of fifty souldiers, Centinell Standers (besides the Officers' servants allowed by our Establishment). And Wee appoint each Company to have two Sergeants, two Corporals, and two Drummers, besides the Officers commissioned by Us. Wee have likewise resolved that the three Companies of Dragoons already Standing so reduced, and those three to be leavied shalbe Regimented ; and to that effect Wee have commissioned Our said Lieut.-Generall to be Colonel thereof, Lord Charles Murray to be Lieut.- Colonel and Sir James Turner to be Major, and that each of them have one Company in that Regiment. You are therefore to give order to Our Lieut.-Generall to cause these Com- panies to be leavied accordingly, and to bring them as soon as can be to a Muster ; at and after which Muster they are to enter into pay conf orme to Our Establishment. The doing of all which this shalbe your Warrant, &c. Whitehall, 25 Nov. 1681 (signed) "MORAY" " To James Duke of Albany and York Our High Commissioner in Scotland." {Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. VI.) 1 Second son of John 1st Marquis of Atholl. Appointed Colonel of the Scots Dra- goons, 6 Nov. 1685. Master of the Horse to Queen Mary Beatrice. Created Earl of Dunmore 16 Aug. 1686. Adhered to James VII. ; and was removed from the Colonelcy by the Prince of Orange. Imprisoned in 1692 for complicity with the Jacobites. Queen Anne appointed him Master of the Horse and Govr. of Blackness Castle. D. 1710. a Comn. renewed by James VII. of Blairquhan, Co. Ayr. The Whitefoords are said to have intermarried with the Blairs of that Ilk (See Paterson's History of Ayrshire, Vol. II., p. 471.) Styled " Sir John Whytfoord " in the List of the Royal Scots Dragoons for 1688. 3 By Royal Letter to the Privy Council, dated " Whitehall, 3 Feb., 168$," orders were given "for reducing the Aid Major, the Marshall, and the Qr. Master of the Regt. of Dragoons." Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. VIII. The pay of these three staff officers was to make up a Colonel's pay for Claverhouse (The Earl of Moray to Lord Queensberry, 30 Jan. 1682-3). The Aide-Major and Qr.- Mr. were replaced on the Establishment of the Scots Dragoons 11 May, 1683. David Beatson was promoted Cornet 23 Aug. 1688. 4 Brother to Sir David Murray of Stanhope. " Queensberry's Cousin " {Report on the MSS. at Drumlanrig Castle, Vol. II., pp. 17, 19, 20). Promoted Capt. in same Regt. 23 Aug. 1688. Is said to have shared in Lt.-Colonel Wm. Livingstone's conspiracy to take the Scots Dragoons over to Lord Dundee in the spring of 1689. Was imprisoned and deprived of his Commission (Creichton's Memoirs). Also referred to in General Mackay's letters. 5 See p. 20, note 3. 6 See p. 107, note 9. 7 Served previously in Holland as Captain in Col. Kirkpatrick's Regt. in the Scots Brigade. Capt.-Lieut. of the Scots Dragoons, 6 Nov. 1685. Of Broomhall. Son of Robert 124 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Bruce a Lord of Session. "Was knighted after the Revolution and appointed Muster-Master- General of the Forces in Scotland 22 Feb. 1690. Succeeded his kinsman Alexander, 3rd Earl of Kincardine, as 4th earl in 1705. 8 Youngest son of 1st Baron Kinnaird of Inchture. Left the Regt. on the accession of James VII. He was father of George Kinnaird who md. Helen, eldest dau. of Charles, 2nd Earl of Aboyne, and had a son Charles who succeeded as 6th Baron Kinnaird. 9 See note 3. 10 See p. 67, note 5. The Privy Council ordered a reward of £20 sterling to Lieut. Lewis Lauder for apprehending Col. John Paton, " a notorious rebel these 18 years " {Acts of the Privy Council, April, 1684). Capt.-Lieut. Scots Dragoons, 1 Oct. 1694. Served with said Regt. in Flanders. Capt. in Lord Lindsay's Regt. of Scots Foot, 2 March, 1696. 11 Son of Capt. John Inglis of same Regt. (See Hist, of Kilmarnock, by Archibald McKay, p. 60). According to Wodrow and other Covenanting writers, Cornet Peter Inglis was renowned for his barbarity. Out of the Regt. before the accession of James VII. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 125 ' !• Drummers. "MUSTEK ROLL OF THE EAELE OF MARS COMPANIE 23rd JUNIJ 1682." [From the original in H.M.'s General Register House, Edinburgh.] Earle of Marr, Collonell. Mr. Charles Fleeming, Captain Livtenant. James Stirling, Ensigne. Duncan Meinzies, Aid Major. James Wood, quarter-master. William Borthwick, chirurgion. John Young, martial 1. John Downie, \ ■ ■, James Bleckiter j ^ Alexander Gordoun, ^ James Currie, > Corporalls. George Watsone, ) Thomas Cuningham, Hugh Drummond, Andrew Steuart, Andrew Wood, Andrew Auchterlonie (North : p : *), Alexander Craig, Alexander Mackintosh, Alexander Grahame, Alexander Chambers, Alexander Jerdane, Alexander Law, Alexander Reid, Angus McKechnie, Archbald Russall, Andrew Chesnut (North p : ), Duncan Fergusone, Duncan McCalume, David Leith, David Angus, David Maine (Stir : Cast :), Donald Rosse, Donald Frazer, George Hoome, George Suane, George Gordone, George Taite, George Donnaldson, George Caustone (North p :), George Watsone, Hugh McDonnald, Harie Mow, Hector McLaud, Herie Campbell, (Stir: Cast:), John McLaud, John McKinzie, John Barclay, John Gibb, John Ure, John Mathiesone, John Ewing, John Moncreif, John Kinnell, John Grahame, John Scott, John Hay, John Lauder, John McGreigor, John McLairin, John Baird, John Speed (North p :), John Galloway (Stir : Cast :), James Gilchreist, James Howstone, James Fergusone, James Robisone, elder, James Smart, James Robisone, younger, James Cuthbert, James Japhray, Lodovick Moorehead (Capt. Liv*. Ser :), Laurence Oliphant, Neill McArter, Robert Rankine, Robert McEwen, Robert Imrie, Robert Suord, Robert Christie, Robert McGibbon, Samuell Cockburn, Thomas Hall, Thomas Barrone, William Seatoune, William Bannerman, William Herreis, William McDowgall, William McDonnald, William Stephen, William Harvie, William Broune, William Rosse, William Russall, William Grant, William Buchan, Walter Durrie, William Dassone (Capt. Liv». Ser :), Walter Robine, William Cushnie (North p :), William Gilchreist (North p :), William McNarter, William Andersone. (Signed) Charles Flemyng. ( W ritten on parchment.) James Stirling. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. * Marks in margin against certain names are enclosed in brackets here. 126 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "MUSTER ROLL FOR CAPTAINE DALYELL HIS COMPANIE JUNIJ THE 17th MUSTERED AT GLASGOW, 1682." Johne Dalyell, Captaine. William Trotter, Livetennant. Robert Dalyell, Ansigne. Williame Grahame, Sarjant. Archbald Johnstone, Sarjant. Robert Johnstone, Corporall. Robert Malitia, Corporall, Robert Dalyell, Corporall. James Smith, Drumer. John Robertsone, Drumer. Four columns, containing respectively 23, 23, 22, 22. Archbald Johnstone, Alexander Forbess, Alexander Hendersone, Alex- ander Craige, Alexander Home, Alexander Davidsone, Alexander Wrighte, Alexander Taylore, Alexander Monkreife, Androw Lambe, Androw Hunter, Androw Whyte, Androw Gifford, Androw McClay, Alexander Birney, Charles McKelwayn, David Mickison, David Denholme, Donnald Forbess, Donnald McClairen, Daniell Smith, David Watsone, George Patersone, George Crawford, George Harlaw, George Hendersone, George Rowan (north partie*), George Damster, (north partie), George Halfheid, Johne Newine (Capt. ser :), Johne McClawd, Johne Gray, Johne Carmichaell, Johne McNeill, Johne Campbell, Johne Bowes, Johne Martine, Johne Cuming, Johne Dune, Johne Lockerbie, Johne Miller, Johne Steinsone, Johne Egling, Johne Cowan (Stir : Cast.), Johne Stewart (Stir : Cast.), Johne Wilsone (Stir : Cast.), James Hendersone, James Geddie (north partie), James Duckett, James McMillen, James Lyone, James Fargisone, James Hunter, James Atchison, Lachlen McLachlen, Martine Morisone, Magnes Taite, (north partie), Neill McDonnald, Redmond Morison, Rowland Craford, Ralfe Kinrick, Robert Kar, Robert Simpsone, Robert Waker, Robert Browne, Robert Dicksone, Robert Ritchardson, Thomas Waker, Thomas Hay, Thomas Smith, Thomas Watsone, Thomas Donnaldsone, Thomas Foster, Thomas Buchannan, Thomas Breysone, William McKiney, William Ker, William Ewart, William Lindsey, William Jacksone, William Wallace, William Gordone, elder, William Gordone, yunger (Ens: ser:), William Lambe, William Shutelworth, William Hill, William Leslie, William Stafford, William Craige, William Taylore (Liv 4 . Ser :). (Signed) Jo. Dalyell. Williame Trotter. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. {Written on parchment.) * Marks against certain names are here enclosed in brackets. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 127 "MUSTER ROLLE OF CAPTAINE BALFOURES COMPANY, 17 JUNIJ 1682." Captaine : John Balfour. Livtenant : Alexander Stratone. Ensigne : James Arnott. Serjants : John Burgone. Thomas Rae. Corporalles : John Gibsone. John Badinoch. James McLeish. Drumes : Alexander Wardlaw. John Wardlaw. Alexander McFerling, Alexander Hodge, Alexander Simerveall, Andrew Forsyth, Alexander Wyllie, Alexander Robertsone, Andrew Parke, Alexander Milne, Alexander Stoup, Adam Livingstoun, Andrew Arroll, Collin Sutherland, David Logan, Dugall Carmichell, Daniell McLeren, Edward Galstoune, Georg Ogstoun, Gilbert Aire, Heugh Ross (north party*), Harie Brookes, John McFerling, John Saidler, John Cuming, John Miller, John Paterson (North), John Beggs (Stirling), John Lenox, John McWhirtar, John Innes, (Capt. Ser.), John Edie, John Simerveall (Forlof), John Bwy, John Beatone, elder, John Brown (sicke), John Baillie, John Arthur (Stirling), John Campbell, John Beatone, younger (north), John Murray, John Smart, John Cruckshanks, elder, John Cruickshanks, younger, John Husband. John McQuean, James Maxwell, James Mowe, James Mackie, James Masgrave, James Elder, James Angus, James Laurestoun, James Fliming, James Cowan, John Buchannan, John Rae, Nicoll Dogleish, Peter Simsone, Peter Wilsone, Peter McFerling, Robert Sim, Robert Hastie, Robert Imrie, Robert Swintone, Robert Findley, Robert Aiken, Thomas Balfour, Thomas Riddell (north), Thomas Rodger, Thomas Ewin (Stirling), Thomas Ashe, Thomas Alexander, William Andersone, elder, William Arnott, William Craufoord, William Gardner, William Dobbie (north), William Leggat, William Davidsone, William Forbes, William Gordone, Walter Calwalls, William Strachan, William Andersone, younger, William Arthur (sicke), William Lyall, William Aitkin, William Thomsone, William Rodger, Walter Crookshanks, Walter Sympsone. (Signed) Jo. Balfour. Alexander Straton. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) * Marks against certain names are here put in brackets. 128 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "THE ROLL OFF MAJOR WHYTE'S COMPANY MUSTERED AT GLASGOW THE 17 DAY OF JUNE, 1682." Andrew Whyte, Major. John Dalzell, Lieutennant. Duncan Menezies, Ensigne and Aid-Major. Daniell Caddell, j o„ r :„ an+( , John Grahame, ) J Robert Richardson, *) David MacCulloch, f Corporalls. Thomas Whyte, William McCormak, \ j^ John Falconer, J Four columns, respectively containing 23, 22, 23, 22 names. Alexander Stevensone, Alexander Sutherland, elder, Alexander Suther- land, yonger, Alexander Mackie, Alexander Scott, Alexander Gray, Alexander Barclay, Alexander Craig (on partie), Alexander Griance, Alexander Walker, Andrew Mowat, Andrew MacCalla, Andrew Young, pyper, Adam Johnstone, Adam Fiddess (Major's Ser.), Alexander Morison, Alexander Howston, Charles Welsh, David Kyle, David Rattray, David Weems, (in Stirline Castle), Daniell Fraser, David Donaldsone, Duncan Mackay (on partie), Daniell Wilsone, Daniell Mackay, Daniell Caddell (on partie), Edmond Moncreif, George Marshall, George Gordoune, George Stratone, George Young, Gabriell Rutherfoord, George Anderson, Hugh Grant, Henry Garven, John Sanders, John Mackenzie, John Bishop, John Gray, John Fraser, John Dick, John Loggan, John Neill, John Brown, John Tulloch (Ens. Ser.) John Simpson (Ens. Ser.). John Macgrigor, John Hamiltone, James Weer, James Chalmers, James Murdoch, James Garven, James Ross, James Rae, James Mushet, James Stuart, James Aitken, James Gibb, James Fleuckard, James Lauchlane, James Carss, James Miller, James Reid, James Barr, James Whyte, Patrick Cassie, Patrick Mackaree (on partie), Robert Steven (on partie), Robert Hepburn, Robert Macgrigor, Robert Miller, Robert Goudie, Robert Cowan, Robert Arm- strong, Robert Duncan, Roger Stammers, Robert Roy, Samuell HerbisoD, Thomas Cumming, Thomas Kennedy, Thomas Gray, Thomas Fraser, William Daes (in Stirline Castle), William Smith (in Stirline Castle), William Ker (on pairtie,) William Miller, Walter Chapman, William Semple, William Groodfellow. (Signed) A. Whyte. Du. Menzeis. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) THE SCOTS AKMY, 1661-1688 129 " ROLL OF CAPTAIN FRASER'S COMPANY, 1682." William Fraser, Captain. John Innes, Lieutennant. John Straton, Ensigne. John Abercromby, ) a ■ , T , rt j J t oerieants. John Gordoune, j J James Runchiman, "j James Ogilvie, VCorporalls. Walter Elphinstone, ) Patrick Rankin, 1 ^ T tt , , > Drummers. James Hacket, J Alexander Gilbert, Arthur Ogstoun, Alexander Innes, Andrew Wyllie, Andrew Morison, Alexander Richardson, Alexander Pattrie, Alexander Cook, Alexander Maclivingstone, Archbald Campbell, Alexander Strachan, Alexander Mather, Donald Mackenzie, David Batchelour, David Watson, Francis Gilbert, George Prat, George Crookshanks, George Catenach, George Knox, George Anderson, elder, George Anderson, younger, George Hay, George Ogilvie, George Lumsden, George Abernethie, Hugh Fraser, Hector Maclean, James Miln, James Braiko, James Hay, James Maclay, James Ogilvie, James Lightbodie, James Buchan, James Hunter, James Tod, James Cowt, James Auchinlect, James Mudie, James Moir, John Hunter, John Stothart, John Kilpatrick, John Adam, John Maclean, John Daniell, John Brisbane, (Liv*. Ser.) John Chalmers, John Mair, John Smith, elder, John Smith, younger, John Allerdyce, John Foyer, John Miller, John Wastoun, John Halyburton, (Capt. Ser :) John Frazer, Matthew Watson, Matthew Salmond, Patrick Leg, Robert Brock, Robert Monilaw, Robert Corsby, Symon Tennent, Thomas Monro, Thomas Smart, Thomas Clerk, Thomas Duncan, (Capt. Ser :) Thomas Hay, William Robertson, William Dukhoms, William Wood, William Traill, William Henderson, William Hill, William Wallace, William Cumming, William Gordone, William Leg, William Scott, William Younger, William Gillespie, William Mackindly, William Innes, William Mudie, Walter Rankin. John Moncreif, ) Donald Coggle, >in Stirline Castle. Thomas Adam, J (Signed) John Innes. John Stratone. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. ( Written on parchment.) 130 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "THE ROLL OF CAPTAINE DOWGLASS'S COMPANIE, 17 JUNIJ, 1682." Commissionat Officers. Thomas Dowglas, Captain. William Burnet, Leivtenent. Michaell Veitch, Ensigne. Serjeands. Thomas Ker. Robert Middlemes. Corporalls. Robert Sowtter. James Jinkisone. Alexander Innes. Drummers. George Murray. Thomas Cranstoun. Alexander Burnet, Alexander Lies, Alexander Manson, Alexander Baillie, Alexander Ounynghame, Androw Dewar, David Bowman, Daniell Coalzier, Daniell Caddell, Donald M'ky.David Young, David Selkrig, Dowgald M'Androw, Edward Morisoun, George Morisone, George Ogilvy, George Bruce, George Young, George Govean, George Thomsone, Hew Tyler, Hendry Clark, James Donaldsone, James Barnes, James Murray, James Weemes, James Kirk, James Gun, James McFell, James Mitchell, James Mackoune, James Gillespy (Ensignes man), James Lundy, James Campbell, James Geddes, James Bell, John Stirling (Stirling Castle), John Guthrie, John Wallace, John Turnbull, John Bruce, John Pryce, John Flaikfeild, John Clark, elder, John Clark, younger, John Rouch [deleted], (run away 7 Junij), John Lithgow, John Ramsay, John Bryce, John Murray, John Francis, John Mackenzie, John Down, John Fleyming, John Cuming, John Auldcorne, John Harvie, John Craig, Leonard Spain (Stirling Castle), Michaell Low, Patrick McArdie, Patrick Burnet, elder, Patrick Burnet, younger, Patrick Ardauch, Robert Young, Robert Broun, elder, Robert Broun, younger, Robert Dowglas (1'orloff), Robert Scott, Robert Alexander, Robert Murray, Robert Buchannan, Richard Hensone, (Stirling Castle), Robert McKean, Thomas Butler, Thomas Lawsone, Thomas Blyth, Thomas Stockes, William Barklay, William Scott, William Lowrie, William Webster, William Kirk, William Fergusone, William Robertsone, William Alexander, William Muir, William Catchie, William Loran. (Signed) Tho. Douglass. Will. Burnett. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 131 CAPTAIN MCKEINZIES ROLL, 16TH JUNIJ 1682. Captain, Kenneth McKeinzie. Livtenant, William Scharp. Ensigne, Cristofar McDougall. John Bogie, ) Serients William Frazer, J ber J ents - John Mcintosh, \ William McCloude, fCorporalls. Robert Ailliss J William Gray, ) ^. AndrowHamiltoun, r DrUmereS - Allexander Ogilvie, Allexander Hetherweick, Allexander Baine, Alex- ander Duncan, Allexander Mansone, Allexander Fraiser, Allexander Sunderland, Allexander Polsone, Androw Monroe, Androw Thomsone, Androw Lauchland, Androw McStiven, Archibald McCroe, Duncan Moore, David Allon, David Ross, David Donaldsone, David Tailzior, David Melvill, David Hendersone, Duncan Craige, Duncan Forbis, Donald Monroe, Donald Gunn, Duncan Tailzior, Donald McKeinzie, Donald Clark, Duncan Taise, Dugall Campbell, Dougall Livingstoune, Edward Douglass, Georg Allon, Georg Cuningham, Georg Henderson, Georg Steill, Gaven Douglas, Gilbert Dundass, Hew Sunderland, John Grant, elder, John Grant, younger, John McClean, elder, John McClean, younger, John Cambell, John McGreiger, John Greicie, John Garland, John McKeaddie, John Mcintosh, John Gordon, John Camron, John Cristie, John Castella, John Chapman, John Bruice, John Robertson, John Clark, John Robertsone, younger, John McCaie, James Ross, James Peitrikin, James Frazer, elder, James Frazer, younger, James Dickson, 'James Merchall, James Hodge, Kenneth McKeinzie, elder, Kenneth McKeinzie, younger, Lauchland Mcintosh, Neill McMillon, Patrick Lawsone, Patrick Cokburne, Robert Chisholm, Robert Adamsone, Robert Davidsone, Robert Hendrie, Robert Graye, Rorie Chisholm, Thomas Dicksone, Thomas Duncan, Thomas Leadcoat, Thomas Wilsone, William Slouan, William Forbis, William Mcintosh, William Foullar, William Paull, William Robertson, William McDonald, William McViccar, William Wheallie. (Signed) Kenneth Mackenzie. Will : Schaiep. (Signed) Rich : Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) p 2 132 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "ROLE OF CAPTAIN CAIRNIS COMPANY, 17TH JUNIJ 1682." Captain, Alexander Cairnes. Lieutenant, John Leivingston. Ensign, Androw Woode. John McDougald, \ s ents William Grahm, j s William Innes, ") Alexander McDonald, > Corporals. James Carlyle, J John Michell, ) y. Georg Willson, J Abraham Cairnes, Alexander Glenny, Alexander Rosse, Alexander Drone, Alexander Paterson, Alexander Ranckine, Alexander Clarcke, Adam Widrow, Androw Kelly, Alexander McFadion, Alexander Monteth, Alexander Argoe, Cothbert Allen, Charles Gairdner, Cornilius Clarck, Dougald McFarland, Donckan Riddoch, Donald McFarland, Donckan Campbell, David Lamb, Ephraim Wilckeson, Georg Ranckine, Gilbert Gordone, Georg Crafoord, Georg Ashbie, Hendrie Fliming, Hendrie Pergillis, John Gibb, James Findly, James Findlyson, younger, James Wallass, James Baird, John Euelly, John Ranckin, John Martine, James Walker, James Fliming, John Shannen, John Forbis, John Frazer, James Williamson, John Mingies, John Marchell, John Campbell, James Findlyson, elder, John Grahme, John Pulline, John Crafoord, John Leng, John Yuill, James Campbell, John Watsone, John Connor, Mongow Ritcheson, Nath- aniel Gordone, Patrick Forrester, Patrick Skinner, Patrick Cummine, Robert Anderson, younger, Robert Henderson, Robert Burr, Robert Jolly, elder (sic), Robert Anderson, elder, Robert Ramadge, Robert McGregor, Robert Forrester, Robert Meldrum, Robert Simpson, Robert Broune, Robert Jolly, elder (sic), Samuell Dassone, Thomas McGaune, Thomas Euing, Thomas Anderson, Thomas Glene, William Joussie, William McKinzie, William McKlelland, William Scote, William Hunter, William Morgen, William Davidson, William Malcum, William Weir, William Campbell, William McDougald, William Niesbit, William Buchannen, William Litlejohn, William Torpie. (Signed) Alex : Cairnes. Jo : Levingston. (Signed) Rich : Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 133 "MUSTER ROLL OF THE EARL OF DALHOUSIE'S COMPANY, UPON THE 17 OF JUNE, 1682." Earle of Dalhousie, Captaine. Mr. John Bell, Livtenent. Donald McKenzie, Ensigne. John Torrence, Serjent. William Bruce, Serjent. Thomas Wilsone, Corporal. Alexander Crichtone, Corporal. William Hall, Corporal. William Harte, ) ^ - ')rumers. > Alexander Hall Four columns, the sum of names in each being respectively 23, 23, 22, 22. Alexander Reed, Alexander Quyntane, Alexander Finlay, Alexander Forsyth, Androw Watsone, Androw Tamsone, Alexander Lesly, Alexander Moore, Alexander Fraser, Auchtrie McDougall, Adame Nile, Androw Wishert, Archbald Reed, Androw Parke, Arthure Hamiltowne, Alexander Sutherland, Charles Cochraine, Daniel Tamsone, Daniel Campbell, Dawid Hutchisone, Dawid Hall, Duncane Tamson (Stirling Castle), Edward Grifine, Francis Johnes, George Chambers, Gilbert Atkine, George Caddell, George Chapman, George Reed (Stirling Castle), Hugh Gibsone, Hugh Nile, Hendrie Dewer, John Tamsone, John Hendrie [deleted] (run away 5 Junij), John Walls, John Simpsone, James Dausone, James Miller, John Barclay, John Ballantyne, John Rooks, James Andersone, John Yowng, John McPhersone, John Balloch, James Herriot, John Sinclare, John Lemon, John Kershae, James Waker, James Ensly, John Chisome, James Mc- Conachie, John Strauchen, James McDonald [deleted] (run away 14 Junij), John Glendinen, John Glass, John Finlay, John Caruthers, Isaac Jackson, James Fordyce, John McCallome, John Mitchell (Stirling Castle), Patrick Cox, Robert Steenson, Robert Lyndsay, Robert Bryson, Robert Wallace. Robert Robine, Robert Rosse, Robert Yowng, Thomas Morrisone, Thomas Chisome, Thomas Nicollsone, Thomas Walls, Thomas Given, Thomas Hustone, Thomas Hog, William Mill, William Drummond, William Rioch, William Scadoway, William Andersone, William Alasone, William Maklome [deleted] (died 11 Junij), William Finlay, elder, William Finlay, younger, William Caldwalls, William Simpsone, William Williamsone. (Signed) John Bell. {Written on parchment.) Daniell McKenzie. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. 134 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 "THE ROLL OF CAPTAIN BRUCE HIS COMPANY, 1683. [?] " John Bruce, Captain. John Scot, Lieutennant. George Bruce, Ensigne. Alexander Mackenzie, ) Q • , T t> f berieants. James Bruce, ) J Andrew Leslie, "} John Johnston, >Corporalls. John Douglas, J William LiddelUr. Collin Mitchell, } Drumers - Four columns containing respectively 22, 23, 22, 23 names. Alexander Gordoune, Alexander Maxwell, Alexander Weer, Alexander Paterson, Alexander Crookshanks, Alexander Richie, Andrew Notman, Anthony Miller, Alexander Anderson, Daniell Maclintoch, David Browne, Daniell Mackrank, David Sharp, Duncan Cameron, David Stuart, Edmond Maclauchlane, George Craighead, George Leslie, George Mackarter, George Johnstone, Hugh Livingstone, Hugh Gray, pyper, James Keilloch, James Bruce, James Craig, James Crookshanks, James Wilsone, James Massey, James Drummond, James Robison, elder, James Robison, younger, James Robison, shoomaker, James Morison, James Anderson, James Paterson, John Tintoch, John Balleny, John Hodge, John Haisty, John Reid, elder, John Mackenzie, John Macbane, John Bruce, John Clepone, John Anderson, John Pattone, John Mackcarter, JohD Hackney, John Arbuckle, John MacCallum, John Allan, John Glass, John Hunter, John Speir, John Mackilvane, John Reid, yonger, John Norie, John Rippeth in Stirline Castle, John Purdie, Michaell Rae, Mungo Ervin, Neill Mackay, Nicolas Thackum in Stirline Castle, Patrick Wilson, Patrick Broun, Patrick Toshack, Robert Paterson, Robert Riddell, Robert Stuart, Robert Maclauchlane, Robert Maine, Samuell Cutcliff in Stirline Castle, Thomas Findlason, Thomas Anderson, elder, Thomas Anderson, younger, Thomas Johnston, Thomas Peirie, William Mac- glashien, William Morison, William Thomson, Walter Neton, Walter Bruce, William Stevenson, William Orum, William Hunter, William Summers, William Manson, William Stirline, William Doby, William Urrie. (Signed) John Bruce. John Scott. (Signed) Rich. Elphinstone. (Written on parchment.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 135 1682. THE KING'S EEGT. OF HORSE.* (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. VII.) For annotations see ante. CAPTS. LIEUTS. CORNETS QR. MRS. John Graham, of [Andrew] Bruce Wm. Graham, David Graham, Claverhouse, of Earlshall, 25 Dec, 1682. 25 Dec, 1682. Col. Capt.-Lt. 25 Dec, 1682. 25 Dec, 1682. Wm. Lord Rosse, [Sir] Mark Carse, Sir Adam Blair, David Home, 26 Dec, 1682. 26 Dec, 1682. 26 Dec, 1682. 26 Dec, 1682. Adam Urquhart Sir Francis Ruth- [Sir Wm. Keith] of Meldrum, ven, 27 Dec, 1682. 27 Dec, 1682. 27 Dec, 1682. 27 Dec, 1682. Earlof Balcarres 1 [David] Bruce 2 Sir James Doug- John Lindsay, 4 28 Dec, 1682. of Clackman- las, 3 of Kel- 28 Dec, 1682. nan, head, 28 Dec, 1682. 28 Dec, 1682. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vols. VII. & VIII.) James Fletcher 5 of Cranston to be Cornet to the Earl of Balcarres's Troop - - - Whitehall, 13 Jan., 1683. John Cleland 6 to be Quarter-Master to Lord Rosse's Troop - - - Whitehall, „ ,, Robert Graham 7 of Morphie to be Aid Major, Windsor Castle, 12 May, 1683. Wm. Graham 8 to be Lieut, to Meldrum's Troop. Whitehall, 21 Feb., 1684. David Graham 9 to be Cornet to Col. Graham's own Troop - Whitehall, ,, „ James Kinnaird 10 to be Quarter-Master to the Colonel's own Troop - - - Whitehall, 23 Feb., 1684. NEW TROOP ADDED. 16 June, 1684. James, Lord Drumlangrig u to be Lieut.-Colonel of his Majesty's Regt. of Horse in Scotland and Captain of the new Troop added thereto Windsor Castle, 16 June, 1684. Lord Wm. Douglas 12 to be Lieut, to Lord Drumlangrig's new Troop Windsor Castle, „ ,, 136 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Capt. Francis Creichton 18 to be Cornet to Lord Drum- langrig's new Troop- Windsor Castle, 16 June, 1684. Other Commissions. Wm, Lord Rosse u to be Major of his Majesty's Regt. of Horse in Scotland " and also do appoint you to con- tinue Captain of the Troop commanded by you in Our said Regiment." - Windsor Castle, 4 Aug., 1684. James, Earl of Airlie 15 to be Captain of the deceased Adam Urquhart of Meldrum's Troop - Whitehall, 21 Nov., 1684. NEW TROOP ADDED. 4 Dec, 1684. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX.) Lord Wm. Douglas 16 to be Capt. of the new Troop added to Our Regt. of Horse in Scotland - Whitehall, 4 Dec, 1684. James Stewart 17 to be Lieut, to Lord Wm. Douglas's new Troop - - - Whitehall, William Douglas 18 to be Cornet to above Troop „ „ Archibald Douglas 19 to be Quarter-Master to do „ „ „ Other Commissions. Capt. Francis Creichton s0 to be Lieut, to Lord Drumlan- grig's Troop ... - Whitehall, 4 Dec, 1684. James Nasmith 21 of Posso to be Cornet to above Troop - - Whitehall, John Cockburn 22 to be Quarter-Master to do.- „ „ „ * " CHABLES R." to the Privy Council :— " Whereas Wee have thought fit to reduce 100 soldiers out of Our Regt. of Guard and also 100 men out of the Earl of Mar's Regt. of Foot, as also nine horsemen out of Our Three (late Independent) Troops of Horse in order to the raising of a new Troop to be added to the other three ; and all the four to be formed into a Regt. of Horse whereof Wee have appointed Our Trusty and Welbeloved John Graham of Claverhouse to be Colonel,— said Troop to consist of fifty horsemen besides officers. Whitehall, 25 Dec. 1682 " (Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. VII.). The Royal Regt. of Horse accompanied the Scots Army to England in Oct. 1688. After the flight of James VII. this corps was ordered to quarter at Abingdon, Berks. (London Gazette, 17 Dec. to 20 Dec, and ditto 24 Dec. to 27 Dec. 1688). Early in 1689, the Regt. was struck off the establishment of the Army. 1 Third Earl. This talented but unfortunate nobleman is said to have begun his military career at the age of sixteen when Charles II. gave him, soon after the Restoration, a Troop of Horse composed of 100 loyal gentlemen who had been reduced to poverty during the troubles in Scotland (Lives of the Lindsays, Vol. II., p. 1). Of this Volunteer Troop there is no record among the State Papers. If it ever existed it was only on paper as these " reduced gentlemen " were to be paid " half a crown a, day each." Lord Bal- carres was in the naval action of Solebay, 28 May, 1672. He adhered to James VII. at the Revolution, and was imprisoned for four months in Edinburgh Castle, 1689. His historical memoirs entitled An Account of the Affairs of Scotland, relating to the Revolution in 1688, which were sent to King James when in France, are too-well known to descant upon. Lord Balcarres was ten years an exile in France. He joined the standard of the Chevalier in 1715 and only escaped the attainder of other Jacobite noblemen through the strenuous efforts of his friends the Dukes of Argyll and Marlborough. D. 1722. 2 See p. 96, note 5. THE SCOTS AKMY, 1661-1688 137 8 James, Duke of York, in a letter to the Marquis of Queensberry, dated 27 Dec. 1682, says : — " Orders shall be given for the Commission for Sir James Douglas." This baronet declined the cornetcy which was bestowed on James Fletcher. I Believed to have been in the Eegt. when it was reduced. 5 The Duke of York in a letter to Lord Queensberry, dated 11 Jan. 1683, writes : — " As for the cornetts place, since Sir James Douglas will not have it, it is disposed of to Fletcher, who had a promise of such an employment, and is a very honest fellow." In the Regt. when it was reduced. 6 Of Faskine. Brother to Capt. Wm. Cleland. Appointed Cornet to Sir Wm. Wallace's Troop in above Regt., 1 Dec. 1688. Fought at Killiecrankie under Dundee. Attainted by the Scottish Parliament. 7 Son of Sir Robert Graham of Morphie by Magdalene, dau. of Wm. Graham of Claver- house. In the Regt. when it was reduced. 8 See p. 112, note 12. 9 See p. 112, note 13. 10 Comn. renewed by James VII. Believed to have accompanied the Regt. to England in 1688. II Eldest son of Wm. Douglas, list Duke of Queensberry. He was one of the noble guests who supped with James VII. at Andover on 24 Nov. 1688, and who, as soon as the King had gone to bed, rode off to the Prince of Orange's camp (Lord Clarendon's Diary, Vol. II., p. 93). Appointed Colonel and Capt. of the Scots Troop of Life Guards, 31 Dec. 1688. In 1690 he commanded a separate body of troops against the Highlanders, who had taken arms in favour of the late King (Cannon's Records of the Life Cfuards). Succeeded as 2nd Duke of Queensberry in 1695. Was subsequently Lord High Commissioner for Scotland. Created Duke of Dover in 1711, and d. the same year. 12 Second son of the 1st Duke of Queensberry. Created Earl of March, 20 April, 1695, by William III. D. 1705. 18 Lieut. 4 Dec. 1684. Possibly the 4th son of James Crichton of Fendraught " who entered the College of Douai, 31 Aug. 1677, but left it and became a soldier" (Scottish Peerage, last edition). In the Regt. when it was reduced. 14 See biog. notice on p. Ill, note 6. 15 See do. on p. 64, note 1. 16 See note 12. 17 Stuart. The Earl of Moray, in a letter to the Marquis of Queensberry, dated St. James's, 18 Nov. 1684, writes :— " Your sonn's commission for a new troupe shall be sent downe to you. For the lieutenant, it is fitt he should have seen some service, so that either one Crigton (sic), who you mentioned formerly to me, or one Lieutenant Sturat (sic), who is now in Dumbarton's Regt., would be the fittest" (Hist. MSS. Commission, 15th Report, Appx. Part VIII., p. 211). Went over to William of Orange at the Revo- lution. In a List of the Scots Troop of Life Guards for 1694, given in Chamberlayne's Anglice Notitia, James Stuart appears as Lt. and Lt.-Colonel. Said Troop was then under command of the Earl of Drumlanrig. Col. Stuart retired from the Life Guards 29 Jan. 1703, and was appointed Deputy Governor of Edinburgh Castle. Removed in Sept. 1715, and Brigadier George Preston appointed in his place (Townshend Papers, pubd. by the Hist. MSS. Comn., 11th Report, Appx. Pt. IV., p. 174. See also account of the plot to surprise Edinburgh Castle early in Sept. 1715, and mention of the Deputy Governor's removal from his post). Col. Stuart was placed on half pay. 18 Possibly son of Sir James Douglas of Kelhead who succeeded as 2nd Bart, in 1708. 19 Serving as Qr. Mr. and Capt. in the Scots Troop of Life Guards in 1694. 20 See note 13. 21 Sir John Lauder in his Historical Observes (p. 133), refers to James Nasmith's Commis- sion and adds that this officer was appointed at same time " Falconer to the King for which he has a pension of £200 sterling a year." He was eldest son of Sir Michael Naesmyth of Posso, Knt., and d. unm. 24 March, 1706. 22 Untraced JAMES VII 1685-1688 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 141 TKOOP OF LIFE GUARDS. Commissions renewed at Whitehall, 30th March, 1685. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX.) COL. AND CAPTAIN. George, Lord Livingstoune. LIEUTS. AND LIEUT.-COLONELS. George Murray. David Hay. MAJOB AND CORNET. George Home. CAPT. AND QUARTER-MASTER. [John] Dalmahoy. CHIRURGEON. Dr. Mat Brisbane. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. James Wauchope * to be Capt. and Qr. Mr. of Our Life Guard in Scotland - ... Whitehall, 1 Aug., 1685. Wm., Earl of Buchan 2 to be Major and Guidon of above Troop .... Whitehall, 6 Nov., 1685. Alex Douglas 8 to be Lieut, and Brigadier of do. Whitehall, 7 Nov., 1685. James Scott 4 to be Lieut, and Brigadier of do. „ ,, „ James Ker 5 to be Lieut, and Brigadier of do. „ „ „ George Bucham 6 to be Lieut, and Brigadier of do. „ „ „ Thomas Graham 7 to be Lieut, and Brigadier of do. Whitehall, 5 Nov., 1688. Blank Commission 8 for Chirurgeon to above Troop of Life Guard - Dated as above. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Yol. X. Second son of Andrew Wauchope of Niddrie. Left the troop at the Revolution. a Ibid. Wm. Erskine, 8th Earl. Adhered to James VII. and followed him to Ireland in 1689. On his return to Scotland he was committed prisoner to Stirling Castle. D. 1695. 3 Ibid. Capt. and Qr. Mr. of this Troop, 18 Dec. 1689. Guidon and Major before 1694. Untraced after last-named year. 4 Ibid. Referred to in a letter from Duke Hamilton to the Marquis of Queensberry (1 May, 1683) as follows : — " I find the gentry and leaders of the Militia grumbles much to be at the charge of bying new armes, since ther former armes was taken from them by order, and the clerke of the Militia has the officers receit of all the armes, who was Captain Scot, one of the brigadiers of the troop of Guards." Untraced after 1688. 5 Ibid. Possibly son of the Capt. James Kerr who was Clerk to the King's Troop prior to 1672. Further services untraced. 6 Ibid. Buckholme. See p. 75, note 5. 7 Warrant Book for Scotland, Yol. XIII. Untraced. ? of Balgowan, Perthshire. 8 Ibid. 142 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 THE KING'S EEGT. OF HOESE. Commissions renewed at Whitehall, 30th March, 1685. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX.) CAPTS, LIEUTS. CORNETS. John Graham, Andrew Bruce of David Graham. Col. Earl's Hall. Capt. Lt. James, Earl of Francis Crich- James Nasmith. Drumlangrig, toune. Lt. Col. Wm. Lord Rosse, [Sir] Mark Carse. Sir Adam Blair. Major. Earl of Balcarres David Bruce. James Fletcher. Earl of Airly. Wm. Graham. Sir Wm. Keith. Lord Wm. Doug- James Stuart. Wm. Douglas. QR. MRS. James Kinnaird. John Cockburn. John Cleland. John Lindsay. James Urquhart. Archd. Douglas. AID MAJOR. Robert Graham of Morphie. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. Charles Ross 1 to be Cornet of Major Wm. Lord Rosse's Troop in his Majesty's Regt. of Horse in Scotland Whitehall, 6 Nov., 1685. Sir Wm. Wallace 3 of Craigie to be Capt. of a Troop in above Regt Windsor, 29 July, 1686. Sir Charles Murray, 3 Knt. and Bart, (sic) to be Major in do. [in place of Wm. Lord Rosse] Windsor, 7 Aug., 1686. Roderick Mackenzie 4 to be Chirurgeon to above Regt. Whitehall, 26 Nov., 1686. Henry Graham 5 to be Qr. Mr. of Major General John Graham's Troop in Our Royal Regt. of Horse in Scotland - - Whitehall, 23 June, 1688. Wm., Earl of Annandale 6 to be Capt. of a Troop in Our Royal Regt. of Horse in Scotland in place of the Earl of Airlie - Whitehall, 18 Oct., 1688. John Mountgomery, 7 lawful son to the Earl of Eglinton, to be Lieut, of the Earl of Balcarres's Troop in above Regt. in place of Bruce of Clackmannan. Whitehall, 12 Nov., 1688. Sir Charles Murray, 8 Knt. and Bart, (sic) to be Lt. Colonel of above Regt. in place of James, Earl of Drumlanrig, and also Capt. of a Troop in do. Whitehall, 29 Nov., 1688. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 143 John Cleland 9 to be Cornet to Sir Wm. Wallace's Troop in above Regt. - - Whitehall, 1 Dec, 1688. George Holmes 10 to be Qr. Mr. to Sir Wm. Wallace's Troop - - - Whitehall, Wm. Graham u to be Major of above Regt. Whitehall, 7 Dec, 1688. Sir Wm. Keith 12 to be Lieut, of the Earl of Airlie's Troop in do. - - Whitehall, „ Robert Young 13 to be Cornet to the Earl of Airlie's Troop - - Whitehall, 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. X. Of Balnagowan. Son of 11th Baron Ross by his 2nd marriage. Capt. in Col. James Wynne's Regt. of Irish Dragoons before July, 1689. Lt. Col. of said Regt. before 1694. Bt. Col., 16 Feb. 1694. Col., 16 July, 1695. Brigdr. Gen., 9 Mar. 1702. Maj. Gen., 1 Jan. 1704. Served at Blenheim and in Marlborough's sub- sequent victories. Lt. Gen., 1 Jan. 1707. Colonel-General of all the Dragoon Forces, 1 May, 1711. Gen., 1 Jan. 1712. On 8 Oct. 1715, Gen. Ross was removed from the com- mand of his Regt. by George I, but was reappointed 1 Feb. 1729. D. at Bath 5 Aug. 1732. Bd at Fearn in Ross-shire. 2 Ibid. Bart, of Nova Scotia. Served under the Earl of Dumbarton, in 1685, during the Earl of Argyll's insurrection and was wounded. In the spring of 1689 he served with the Jacobite Army in Ireland, and returned to Scotland in May, same year. Commanded a Troop at Killiecrankie. His estate in Ayrshire was confiscated. Followed James VII. to France. D. before 1700 and was succeeded by his brother Thomas. 3 Ibid., Vol. XI., see p. 103, note 7. 4 Ibid. In the Regt. when it was reduced. * Ibid., Vol. XIII. Returned to Scotland with Visct. Dundee in Dec. 1688. Believed to have been present at Killiecrankie. 6 Ibid. The following notice of this nobleman is given in the Life of Lt. General Hugh Maehay : — " Third Earl of Annandale and Hartfell. He was one of the first to join the Revolution and raised a troop of horse for its service. In 1689, he was seduced by his brother-in-law, Sir James Montgomery, to engage in the plot for restoring King James, but soon repenting made confession of his fault to King William and was restored to favour. In 1701 he was raised to the dignity of Marquis of Annandale and died 1721, after having filled some of the highest offices in the State." P. 16, note. 7 Ibid. See his Will in the Appendix. Styled " Major " in said document. 8 Ibid. See p. 103, note 7. 9 Ibid. See p. 137, note 6. 10 Ibid. Not in any subsequent List. 11 Ibid. See p. 112, note 12. 12 Ibid. See p. 112, note 19. 13 Ibid. Presumably son of Robert Young of Auldbar, who had md. Claverhouse's younger sister Anne Graham. 144 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 HIS MAJESTY'S KEGT. OF DKAGOONS. Commissions renewed 30th March, 1685. Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX. CAPTS. Lt. General Dalyell, Col. Lord Charles Murray, Lt. Col. John Wedderburne, 1 of Gosford, Major. John Strachan. Wm. Cleland. Major George Winra- ham. LIEUTS. Thomas Winraham, Capt. Lt. Alex. Bruce. James Murray. John Livingstoune. John Crichtoun. Lewis Lauder. CORNETS. John Baily. James Innes. James Dundas. Henry Drummond. John Whitefoord. David Garioch. AID MAJOR. David Baitson (sic). QR. MR. Andrew Rosse. CHIRURGEON James Irvine. SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. Lord Charles Murray 8 to be Colonel of his Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland and Capt. of a Troop. Whitehall, 6 Nov., 1685. Alex. Bruce 8 to be Capt.-Lieut. of Colonel's Troop in above Regt. - Whitehall, John Wedderburn * of Gosford to be Lt. Col. of above Regt. and Capt. of a Troop. Whitehall, ,, „ Wm. Douglas B to be Major of above Regt. [without a Troop.] - Whitehall, Sir Adam Blair, 6 Yr. of Carberry, to be Capt. of a Troop in above Regt. in room of Capt. Wm. Cleland, deed. - Whitehall, Wm. Livingston 7 of Kilsyth to be Capt. of that Troop lately commanded by Lord Charles Murray as Lt. Colonel in his Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons. Whitehall, 7 Nov., 1685. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 145 James Dundas 8 to be Lieut, to Capt. Livingston of Kilsyth in above Regt. - Whitehall, 7 Nov., 1685. James Murray 9 to be Cornet to Lt. Col. Wedderburn's Troop in above Regt. Whitehall, „ George Winraham 10 to be Lt. Colonel of his Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland and Capt. of a Troop Windsor, 30 July, 1686. Patrick Blair 11 to be Capt. of the Troop lately com- manded by Lt.-Col. John Wedderburne - Windsor, Sir Charles Cairney 12 to be Lt. Col. of his Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland and Capt. of a Troop - Whitehall, 31 Dec, 1686. Edward Anger 18 to be Chirurgeon to above Regt. Whitehall, George Rattray u to be Lt. Colonel of his Majesty's Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland and Capt of a Troop - - - - - Whitehall, 22 March, 1687. Lewis Hay 15 to be Cornet of the Earl of Dunmore's Troop in above Regt. - - Whitehall, 19 June, 1688. James Murray 16 to be Capt. of that Troop in Our Regt. of Dragoons whereof [John] Strachan was Capt. Windsor, 23 Aug., 1688. James Murray 17 to be Lieut, to Lt. Col. George Rattray's Troop in above Regt. - Windsor, Henry Drummond 18 to be Lieut, to Capt. Patrick Blair's Troop in above Regt. Windsor, George Rattray 19 to be Cornet to above Troop in do Windsor, David Beatson 20 to be Cornet to Capt. James Murray's Troop in do - - Windsor, [John] Livingstoune 21 to be Aid Major to above Regt. of Dragoons Windsor, Lewis Lauder 22 to be Lieut, to Capt. Patrick Blair's Troop in Our Regt. of Dragoons in Scotland Whitehall, 7 Dec, 1688. I Succeeded Major Sir James Turner who resigned his Commission on Gosf ord promising him £100 yearly (MSS. at Drumlanrig Castle, Vol. II. passim). Promoted Lt. Col. of above Regt. 6 Nov. 1685. Son of Sir Peter Wedderburn of Gosf ord. Out of the Regt. 30 July, 1686. Predeceased his father in 1688. 2-8 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. X. Annotated previously. 9 Ibid. Promoted Lieut. 23 Aug. 1688. Left the Regt. same year. Outlawed for high treason, 2 July, 1695. 10 Ibid., Vol. XI. See biog. notice on p. 77, note 2. II Possibly the Lt.-Colonel Blair who served with the Jacobite Army in Ireland, early in 1689, and landed in Scotland some weeks before the battle of Killiecrankie. He com- manded at Duart Castle in Mull for a short time, and held that stronghold against the British ships of war. Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 56. 12 Ibid. Served previous to 1678 in Lord George Douglas's Regt. of Scots Foot in France. Believed to be identical with the " Captain Kernie " whose name appears in the list of casualties in aforesaid Regt. given on p. 103, note 9. Appointed Capt. of an additional Company in the Scots Foot Guards, 12 June, 1685. Major of the Earl of Bath's Regt. of Foot, 20 June, 1685. Inspector of the King's Forces in Scotland, 31 Dec. 1686. " Our Royal Regt. of Horse Guards and Royal Regt. of Horse alone excepted," (Wt. Ble. Scot.) Lt. Col. of the Earl of Bath's Regt., 1 Aug. 1687. Knighted about 1686. Colonel of Lord Bath's Regt., 8 Dec. 1688. Removed by the Prince of Orange. Joined King James in Ireland. Commanded the Reserve at the battle of the Boyne and had the rank of Major-General (Clarke's Memoirs of James II, Vol. II., p. 397.) Outlawed for high treason, 2 July, 1695. Q 146 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 13 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XI. Untraced. Called " Ainger " in another List. 14 Ibid., Vol. XII. " Son to Sir John Rattray, Lt. Col. to the Scots Regt. in France, and grandson to Rattray of Craighall, heir male of Rattray of that Ilk " (Nisbet's Heraldic Plates, p. 171.) Lt. Col. George Rattray followed James VII. to France and was made a Gentleman of the Bedchamber. He md. Anne Elizabeth Maxwell dau. of Maxwell of Barncleugh. 16 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XIII. Involved in Kilsyth's plot in 1689. A news- letter of 19 April, 1690, records that " Lewis Hay and one Telford with two other prisoners made their escape from the Cannongate." Cal. S.P.D., 1690. 16 Ibid. See p. 123, note 4. 17 Ibid. See note 9. 18 Ibid. Probably the "Hary Drumond son to Hary Drumond of Pittcairns in Perthshyre '' who was a gentleman Private in the King's Troop of Life Guards in 1678. See The Military Hist, of Perthshire, 1660-1902, p. 16. M Ibid. Probably Col. George Rattray's son. Not in any subsequent List. On 29 Nov. 1689, a pass was granted " for Mr. George Rattray and his wife to go from London to Dover and there to embark for Flanders." Cal. S.P.D. ™Ibid. See p. 123, note 3. 21 Ibid. See p. 106, note 4. i3 Ibid. This was one of the last Commissions signed by James VII. See notice of this officer on p. 124, note 10. The following curious certificate is still preserved in the family of Campbell of Auchmannoch : — " God save the King. I Lewis Lauder Governor of Sorn Castle dow heirby certifie and declare viz. — Kirkwood, servitor to Arthur Campbell of Auchmannoch, in the parish of Some, did compeir before me, on solemn oath before Almightie God, did abjure and renounce the late traitourous apologeticall declaration in so far as it declares war against his Majestic, and asserts that it is lawful to kill all such as serve his Majestie in church, state, armie, or countrie, conform to his Majestie's late proclamation of the 30th day of December last given at Some the aught day of February, 1688yeirs. LEWIS LAUDER." Paterson's Ayrshire, Vol. II., 421. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 147 THE EEGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Commissions renewed at Whitehall, 30th March, 1685. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX.) CAPTS. James Douglas, Col. John Winraham, Lt.-Col. James Murray, Major. James Maitland. William Innes. Alex. Livingstoun. George Macgill. Patrick Lyon. John Hay. Charles Straton. Thomas Hamilton, Grendr. Cy. LIEUTS. Robert Murray, Capt.-Lt. Wm. Crichtoun. 1 Patrick Ogilvie. Robert Keith. Sir David Moncreif. 2 Robert Dobie. Henry Straton. William Hay. James Maitland. James Dalmahoy. Robert Somervell,] 1st Lieut. I Wm. Davidson, j 2nd Lieut, J AID MAJOR. Robert Keith. QE. MR. James Maitland. CHIRURGEON. John Baily. ENSIGNS. John Lothian. George Winraham. Patrick Auchmoutie. Wm. Mayne. Samuel Winraham. Archibald Douglas. Alex. Hamilton. Alex. Livingstoun. Archibald Stuart. James Crichtoun. NEW COMPANY ADDED TO THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Commissions dated at Whitehall, 12th June, 1685. CAPT. Charles Carny s (sic). LIEUT. Robert Colinson. 4 ENSIGN. David Sutherland. 5 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Wm. Charters 6 (sic) to be Capt. of a Cy. of Foot in Our Regt. of Guard which Wee did lately order to be raised under the command of Capt. Charles Carney and added to said Regt. - - - Whitehall, 1st Aug., 1685. Q 2 148 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 NEW COMPANY ADDED TO THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Commissions dated at Whitehall, 1th Nov., 1685. CAPT. LIEUT. ENSIGN. Wm. Oliphant. 7 George Douglas. James Dalyell. INDEPENDENT COMPANY, FORMERLY UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPT. GEORGE BARCLAY, ADDED TO THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. Commissions dated at Whitehall, %0th Nov., 1685. CAPT. LIEUT. ENSIGN Major Robert Middleton. 8 Patrick Ronald. 9 Henry Maxwell. 10 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN THE REGT. OF FOOT GUARDS. John, Earl of Carnwath u to be Capt. of a Cy. in Our Regt. of Guard lately commanded by Capt. Alex. Livingston (now Earl of Callender) Windsor Castle, 22 June, 1686. John Straton 12 to be Ensign to Capt. John Hay in above Regt. Windsor Castle, 30 July, 1686. Thomas Hamilton 13 to be Ensign to Capt. Charles Straton's Cy. in above Regt. - Windsor Castle, 4 Sept., 1686. James Murray 14 to be Lieut.-Colonel of his Majesty's Regt. of Guards in Scotland and Capt. of a Cy. in said Regt. - - . Bath, 13 Sept., 1687. James Maitland 1B to be Major of above Regt. and Capt. of a Cy. in do. - - Bath, Robert Murray 16 to be Capt. of the Cy. in above Regt. which was commanded by Lt.-Col. John Winra- ham - - - Bath, James Maitland 17 to be Capt.-Lieut. of above Regt. Bath, Patrick Auchmouty 18 to be Lieut, to Capt. John Hay in above Regt. - Bath, Lord Edward Morray 19 (sic) to be Ensign to Lt.-Colonel James Murray in above Regt. Bath, „ „ Capt.-Lieut. James Maitland 20 to be Capt. of that Cy. in Our Regt. of Guard whereof Capt. John Hay, deceased, was Capt. - Whitehall, 18 June, 1688. George Douglas 21 to be Capt.-Lieut. of Lieut.-General James Douglas's Cy. in Our Regt. of Guard. Whitehall, James Douglas 22 to be Ensign to above Cy. in do Regt. - - - Whitehall, Lieut. Henry Straton 23 to be Qr.-Mr. of the Regt. of Guards Whitehall, THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 149 James Dalyell 24 to be Lieut, of Capt. Wm. Oliphant's Cy. in above Regt. * Whitehall, 18 June, 1688. Viscount of Fendraught 25 to be Lt.-Golonel of Our Regt. of Guard, in room of late Lt.-Col. James Murray and Capt. of a Gy. in do. Whitehall, 19 June, 1688. Robert Keith 26 to be Captain of the Grenadier Cy. in above Regt. - - Whitehall, Lieut. Wm. Hay 27 (of Capt. Patrick Lyon's Cy.) to be Aid Major of above Regt. - Whitehall, John Lothian 28 to be Lieut, of that Cy. whereof James Maitland, Major of above Regt., is Captain - Whitehall, Archibald Douglas 29 to be Lieut, to Capt. Wm. Innes in above Regt. - - Whitehall, Laurence Oliphant 30 to be Lieut, to Capt. Charles Straton's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, Alex. Hamilton 31 to be Lieut, to Capt. Robert Murray's Cy. in above Regt. - Whitehall, James Mountgomery 32 to be Ens. to the Earl of Carn- wath's Cy. in above Regt. - Whitehall, John Murray 38 to be Ens. to Capt. George Mackgill's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, James Henderson 3i to be Ens. to Capt. Wm. Oliphant's Cy. in above Regt. - Whitehall, li 2 On 10 Aug. 1688, the King wrote to the Scottish Privy Council ordering a daily allowance, amounting to two-thirds of their daily pay, out of the Invalid money, to be given to Sir David Moncreefe, Bart., late Lieut, to Capt. Wm. Innes in the Regt. of Guards, and Wm. Crichton, late Lieut, to Capt. Robert Murray in said Regt. being by their great age disabled from service. Warrant Booh for Scotland, Tol. XIII. 3 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. X., see p. 145, note 12. « Ibid. Left the Regt. in Dec. 1688. 5 Ibid. Lieut. 1 March, 1689. Addl. rank of Captain, 1 Oct. 1691. Served at the siege of Namur as 1st Lieut, of Grenadiers in above Regt. Comn. renewed in 1702. Not in any subsequent List. 6 Ibid. Of Hempsfield ? Joined the Jacobite Army in Scotland, in the spring of 1689, and fought at Killiecrankie. Attainted of high treason in July, 1695. Thomson's Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 115. 7 Ibid. Prom the evidence of Lieut. James Colt who served on the Royalist side at Killiecrankie, it appears that Wm. Oliphant was Lt.-Col. to Viscount Fendraught at Killiecrankie, and had previously served with the Jacobite Army in Ireland. Attainted by the Scots Parlt. in 1695. 8 Ibid. Appointed Major of Sir Edward Hales's Regt. of Foot, 23 June, 1685. Among the Duke of Hamilton's MSS., in a packet of intercepted Jacobite Letters, is one signed " George Middleton," written from Kilkenny, to his father " Major Robert Middleton " at Leith. This letter is dated 25 March, 1689. A newsletter of 27 May, 1690, records the capture, in Scotland, of " Major Middleton a ringleader of the Highlanders." Cal. S.P. Dom. 9 Ibid. Adjt. to the 1st Batt. of the same Regt., 1 March, 1689. Capt. with additional rank of Lt.-Colonel, 1 Sept. 1691. Served at Landen in 1693, and at the siege of Namur. Left the Regt. in July, 1699. 10 Ibid. Commission renewed 1 March, 1689. Additional rank of Captain, 1 Oct. 1691. Out of the Regt. 22 May, 1694. 11 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. XL John Dalzell, 5th Earl. Lt.-Col. by Brevet, 1 Sept. 1691. Left the Army same year. D. 1703. 12 Ibid. Commission renewed 1 March, 1689. Additional rank of Capt., 1 Oct. 1691. Left the Regt. soon afterwards. 150 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 18 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XI. Appointed Capt.-Lieut. 1 March, 1689. Capt., 30 Sept. 1690. Rank of Lieut.-Col., 1 Sept. 1691. Serving in Flanders as Capt. of the Grenadier Company in 1694. Promoted 2nd Major, 29 Jan. 1703. Out of the Regt. 7 Oct. 1710. 14 Ibid. See p. 23, note 5. 16 Ibid. See p. 25, note 1. 16 Ibid. See p. 27, note 3. 17 Ibid. See p. 20, note 2. 18 Ibid. See p. 24, note 3. 19 Ibid. Fifth son of the 1st Marquis of Atholl. Born 28 Feb. 1669. Capt. in Col. George McGill's Regt. of Foot in 1696. Capt. in the Royal Scots, 17 Oct. 1701. Served several campaigns under Marlborough. Comn. as Capt. in the Royal Scots renewed by George I. Out of said Regt. before 1728. D. 11 Nov. 1737. Bd. in the Abbey Church, Holyrood. By the widow of Major Andrew White (see p. 38, note 8) Lord Edward Murray left a son John who d. 1748. Peerage. 20 Ibid., Vol. XIII. See p. 20, note 2. 21 Ibid. Out of the Regt. before 1 March, 1689. Probably the George Douglas appointed Capt. in Col. Richard Cunningham's Regt. of Dragoons, 8 Sept. 1692. Comn. renewed in 1702. Brevet Lt.-Colonel in Scotland, 29 March, 1703. Bt. Colonel of Dra- goons, 10 Oct. 1709. Out of the Regt. the following year. 22 Ibid. Son of Lt. -General the Hon. James Douglas. Left the Regt. as Lieut, in Oct. 1691. See Part I., Chapter XII., p. 87. 23 Ibid. See p. 28, note 1. 24 Ibid. Younger brother to Sir John Dalzell of Glenae. Served previously as Lieut, in Buchan's Regt. Left the Guards same year. Was out in the " fifteen " and taken prisoner at Preston. 25 Ibid. "Lewis Crichton 4th Visct. Fendraught matriculated at King's College, Aberdeen, in 1668, and was served heir to his nephew the 3rd Viscount, 9 Dec. 1686. . . . Privy Councillor, 10 Aug. 1688. Served under Lord Dundee at Killiecrankie. In Sept. 1690, he was one of the Commanders of a Jacobite force, which made a raid from Aber- deenshire to within a few miles of Stirling, and thereafter made good its retreat to Aberdeenshire again. On 28 Sept. 1690, he, with a small garrison, seized the castle of Federate in Buchan which they held till forced to capitulate late in the following month. On 25 Feb. he petitioned to be liberated but the Privy Council refused. Released by Warrant of the Privy Council, 21 June, 1694. Retired to France and died at St. Germains, 26 Feb. 1698. He married Marjory Seaton, daughter of Thomas Seaton, Cornet of Horse." The New Scottish Peerage. 26 Ibid. See p. 27, note 5. 27 Ibid. See p. 26, note 3. 28 Ibid. See p. 29, note 2. 29 Ibid. See p. 25, note 2. 30 Ibid. Had a grant of Arms from the Lyon Office. Described therein as " Laurence Oliphant of Condie descended of the Lord Oliphant." Left the Regt. same year. 31 Ibid. Had the additional rank of Capt., 1 Oct. 1691. Out of the Regt. 1 April, 1692. 32 Ibid. Left the Regt. soon after the Revolution and joined the Jacobite party in France. Serving in a Scots Company of Foot in France, 1693. Dundee's Officers in France. 38 Ibid. Had the additional rank of Capt., 1 Oct. 1691. Capt. and Lt.-Col., 12 June, 1692. Served at Steinkirk. Comn. renewed in 1702. Out of the Regt. in 1709. 84 Ibid. Lieut. 1 March, 1689. His name appears in " The List of Rebels in France, 2 July, 1695." Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 115. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 151 THE EARL OF DUMBARTON'S REGT. OF FOOT.* (2nd BATTALION). From the Muster taken at Leith, 15 May, 1686. See Old Scottish Regi- mental Colours, by Andrew Ross, p. 71. CAPTS. Lt-Col. Archibald Douglas, 1 Charles Barclay, 2 LIEUTS. James Law, 11 Patrick Hay, George Stewart, Andrew Barclay, Alexander Pearson, 12 James Maxwell, James McRaken 18 (sic) James Moulray, ' John Leids, 14 John Straughan, Lord George Hamil- / Andrew Scott, I James Grant, j Andrew Rutherford, 15 Alexander Cuningham, 3 [John] Defour, 4 Sir James Moray, 5 ton, Andrew Monro, 7 George Murray, 8 Lord James Murray, 9 John Ruthven 10 ( John Bannerman, f Adam Cunynghame, 16 \ Thomas Davidsone William Barclay, David McAdam Robert Livingstone, George Hamilton, ENSIGNS. Isaac Thralkeld. 17 William Melville. Wm. Cuninghame. Wm. Robertsone. Charles Moray. John Alexander. Alexander Monro. Arthur Carstairs. Robert Bruce. Sir Wm. Mowat. 18 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN ABOVE BATTALION, 1686-1687. Alex. Leith 19 to be 2nd Lieut, to Capt. George Moray [Windsor Castle], 1 Sept., 1686. George Graeme 20 to be Capt. in place of Sir James Moray - - - Whitehall, 1 Nov., 1686. Charles Moray 21 to be 2nd Lieut, to Capt. George Graeme - - Whitehall, „ „ George Gordon 22 to be Ensign to Capt. George Graeme Whitehall, Thomas Scott 38 to be Capt. in the place of John Dufour --- . . [Whitehall], 8 April, 1687. John Gordon 2i to be 2nd Lieut, to Lord George Hamilton [Windsor Castle], 1 July, 1687. Andrew Rutherford a5 to be 2nd Adjt. to the Royal Regt. of Foot --..- . Whitehall, 1 March, 1688. 152 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 George Douglas 26 to be 1st Lieut, to Capt. John Ruthven - Whitehall, 1 March, 1688. Robert Leviston 27 (sic) to be Capt. in room of [George] Graham Whitehall, 2 March, 1688. * This Battalion, consisting of ten Companies, was sent to Scotland by sea in March, 1686 (King's Letter to the Scots Privy Council, 20 March, 1686). In the spring of 1688 these ten Companies returned overland to Gravesend, via York and Hertford, where they arrived in the following September (Cannon's Records 1st Foot). Early in 1689, both Battalions of this Regt. mutinied and attempted to march back to Scotland. They were overtaken in Lincolnshire by a strong body of troops, chiefly Dutch, sent in pursuit by William III. " About twenty officers and 500 men . . . laid down their arms and submitted to the King's clemency" (Records, p. 78). About a dozen of the Scots officers were imprisoned in Newgate on a charge of high treason for levying war against the King (Royal Warrant, dated 27 March, 1689, Cal. S.P. Dom.). When released the ringleaders were dismissed the service. The 1st Batt. was sent to Flanders, and the 2nd Batt., having transferred its serviceable men to the 1st, proceeded to Scotland to recruit. 1 Fourth son of the Hon. Sir Wm. Douglas, Bt. of Kelhead. Served with same Regt. in France and at Tangier. Was wounded when serving against the Moors, and received £100 bounty money (Guy's Secret Service Schedule). Promoted Lt.-Colonel, 1 Nov. 1684. Commanded the five Companies of his Regt. which served at Sedgemoor. Appointed Colonel of a new-raised Regt. (16th Foot) 9 Oct. 1688. Removed from his command 31 Dec. 1688, by the Prince of Orange. 2 Commission renewed 31 Dec. 1688. His name is given as " Charles Berkeley " in List of the Regt. under aforesaid date. Imprisoned in Newgate by Royal Warrant dated 27 March, 1689. Subsequently removed from the Regt. 3 Serving as a 2nd Lieut, in above Regt. atKinsale in 1679. First Lieut, before 1684. Capt., 20 May, 1684. Comn. renewed 31 Dec. 1688. Believed to be identical with the Alex. Cuningham appointed Capt. in the Scots Foot Guards early in 1689. Additional rank of Lt.-Colonel, 1 Sept. 1691. 4 Appointed Capt. in the Regt. 26 March, 1686. D. in March or April, 1687. 5 Serving in Ireland with same Regt. as a Lieut, in April, 1679. Took part in the campaign against the Moors. Returned to England, from Tangier, in Feb. 1684, on board H.M.S. Oxford (Dartmouth Papers). Left the Regt. 10 Nov. 1686. 6 Afterwards the Earl of Orkney, K.T., Premier Field-Marshal of England. See memoir of this nobleman by Charles Dalton in the Journal of the Rl. United Service Institu- tion for March, 1901 . 7 Promoted Lt.-Colonel of above Regt. 9 March, 1689. Md. the Hon. Margaret Fraser, dau. of Hugh, 8th Lord Lovat. Succeeded the Earl of Angus as Col. of the Cameronians, 1 Aug. 1692. D. from fever, after the battle of Landen, 25 Aug. 1693. s Serving as 2nd Lieut, in same Regt. at Kinsale in April 1679. Accompanied his corps to Tangier. Capt. before 1684. Out of the Regt. before 31 Dec. 1688. 9 Of Dowally. Third son of the 1st Marquis of Atholl. Capt. in above Regt. 1684. Joined General Cannon after Killiecrankie. Accepted indemnity. Appointed Capt. in Lord Murray's Regt. of Foot, 4 May, 1696. M.P. Perthshire 1708-9, 1710, 1710-13, 1713-15. D. at Perth, 29 Dec. 1719. 10 Serving with above Regt. in Ireland, 1679, as 1st Lieut, to Lt.-Col. Alex. Monro's Cy. Removed from the Regt. in March, 1689. Joined the Jacobite Army in Scotland. Attainted by Act of Parliament. 11 Received £15 bounty for wounds in action at Sedgemoor (Cannon's Records 1st Foot, p. 72). Removed from the Regt. in 1689. 12 Second son of the Laird of Kippenross, who was Dean of Dumblane, by Jean Drum- mond, dau. of David Drummond of Innermay. Lieut. Alex. Pearson served at Tangier in 1680. Promoted Capt. 23 Sept. 1688. Out of the Regt. before 1694. 13 McCrahine. Promoted Capt. 22 Sept. 1688. Killed at the battle of Steinkirk. His widow received a pension of £30 per annum. This lady's petition to the Lords of the English Treasury, dated 16 July, 1703, states that her husband signalized himself by the management of the cannon at Steinkirk which did great execution against the enemy (Treasury Papers, Vol. LXXXVI., No. 121). Queen Anne refused to renew petitioner's pension, but ordered " bounty some other way." Ibid. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 153 14 Appointed Gapt. of an Independent Company, 1 Oct. 1688. Capt. in Col. Hodges's new-raised Begt. of Foot, 31 Dec. 1688. Not in any subsequent List. 15 Adjt. to the 2nd Batt. of above Regt., 1 March, 1688. Capt 31 Dec. same year. Said to be son of Major Adam Rutherford of. the Border family of this name (Cock- burn-Hood's Rutherford Book). Imprisoned in Newgate, March, 1689, as a ringleader of the mutiny in his Regt. Attainted by Act of Parliament, July, 1695, as "a Rebel in France." 16 Promoted Capt., 21 Sept. 1688. Imprisoned in Newgate as a ringleader of the mutiny in his Regt. March, 1689. Served subsequently in Col. Richard Cunningham's Regt. of Scots Foot, and was appointed Major of same corps before 1694, when he was serving in Flanders. Out of the Regt. before 1697. 17 Threlkeld. Imprisoned in Newgate, March, 1689, " for levying war against the King." Styled " Lieut Isaac Thralkall " in Warrant of 27 March. Attainted by Act of Parliament in 1695, as " a Rebel in France." 18 Son of Sir Alex. Mouat, Bt. Appointed Cornet in the Earl of Arran's Regt. of Horse, 1 Apr. 1687. Left the Army in 1688. 19 English Army Lists and Comn. Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. II. Left the Regt. in 1688. 20 Ibid. Left the Regt. 2 March, 1688. 21 Ibid. Left the Regt. in 1688. 22 Ibid. Promoted Lieut. 21 May, 1689. Served in Flanders. His name appears in the Army List for 1702. 23 Ibid. Left the Regt. in 1688. 24 Ibid. Recommissioned 31 Dec. 1688. Untraced after that date. 35 Ibid. See note 15. 26 Ibid. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 27 Ibid. Killed at Steinkirk where he served as a Capt. in above Regiment. Royal Bounty of £30 to his widow. Warrants for Pay and Contingencies at the P.R.O. 154 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 THE EAEL OF MAE'S REGT. OF FOOT. Commissions renewed at Whitehall, 30th March, 1685. (Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX.) CAPTS. Charles, Earl of Mar, Col. Thomas Buchan, Lt.-Col. John Balfour, Major. Thomas Douglas, John Dalyell, John Bruce, Alex. Cairnes, Kenneth McKenzie, Colin McKenzie, Hugh Mountgomery, Wm. Garioch, Gr. Cy. LIEUTS. John Bell, Capt.-Lieut. James Stirling, Alex. Straton, Wm. Burnett, Wm. Trotter, John Scott, John Livingstoun, Wm. Sharp, John Dalyell, Duncan Menzies, Wm. White, 1st Lt. Robert Nisbet, 2nd Lt. ENSIGNS. John Bell [Yr.J. Alex. Leith. Alex. Straton [Yr.]. Michael Veitch. Robert Dalyell. Henry Bruce. Andrew Wood. Chris. McDougall. Walter Sharp. John Straton. AID MAJOR Duncan Menzies. QR. MR. [Major] James Wood. CHIRURGEON. Wm. Borthwick. NEW COMPANY ADDED TO THE EARL OF MAR'S REGT. OF FOOT. Commissions dated at Whitehall, 20th May, 1685. CAPT. Walter Maxwell, 1 LIEUT. Robert Charters, 2 ENSIGN. John Elliott. 8 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 155 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN THE EARL OF MAR'S REGT. OF FOOT. [James] Buchan 4 to be Ensign to Capt. Kenneth McKenzie in above Regt. - - Whitehall, 7 Nov., 1685. Robert Wood 5 to be Ensign to Capt. Alex. Cairnes in above Regt. - - Whitehall, 7 Jan., 1686. Major James Wood 6 to be Qr. Mr. of above Regt., Whitehall, „ „ Thomas Buchan 7 to be Colonel of Our Regt. of Foot lately commanded by Charles, Earl of Mar, and to be Capt. of a Cy. in do. - - Windsor Castle, 29 July, 1686. John Balfour 8 to be Lt.-Colonel of above Regt. in place of Thomas Buchan, and Capt. of a Cy. in do. Windsor Castle, „ ,, John Wallace 9 to be Capt. of that Cy. in Col. Buchan's Regt. whereof the Earl of Mar was Capt. Windsor Castle, 30 July, 1686. Major [James ?] Middleton 10 to be Capt. of the Cy. lately commanded by Capt. Walter Maxwell in above Regt. - - Windsor Castle, 31 July, 1686. Lieut. Wm. Trotter n of Sir John Dalyell's Cy. to be Capt. of latter's Cy. in above Regt - Whitehall, 2 Aug., 1686. Sir James Thomson 12 to be Lieut, to Capt. Wm. Trotter [in above Regt.] - Windsor Castle, 21 Aug., 1686. Thomas Douglas 13 to be Major of above Regt. and Capt. of a Cy. in do. - Windsor Castle, „ „ Robert Charters 14 (sic) to be Capt. of the Grendr. Cy. in Col. Buchan's Regt - - Windsor Castle, 4 Sept., 1686. John Crichton 15 to be Lieut, to Major Middleton's Cy. in above Regt. - - - Windsor Castle, ,, „ — Scott 16 of Ardross to be Lieut, to Capt. John Bruce in above Regt. ... - Windsor Castle, 16 Sept., 1686. [James] Seaton 17 (sic) (lawful son to Lord Viscount Kingstoun) to be Ens. to Capt. Hugh Montgomery in above Regt. - ... Whitehall, 13 Jan., 1687. John Straton 18 to be Lieut, to Capt. Wm. Trotter's Cy. in above Regt. ... - . Whitehall, 15 Jan., 1687. John Scott 19 to be Ensign to Capt. Wm. Trotter's Cy. in above Regt. - ... Whitehall, Robert McKenzie 20 to be Capt. of the Cy. in Col. Buchan's Regt. of Foot lately commanded by his father, Colin McKenzie - ... Whitehall, 7 Jan., 1688. Wm. Sharp 21 to be Lieut, to Capt. John (sic) McKenzie in above Regt. - - - - Whitehall, James Dalyell 22 to be Lieut, to Capt. Kenneth McKenzie in above Regt. - - ... Whitehall, James Buchan 2S to be Capt.-Lieut. of Col. Thos. Buchan's Cy. in latter's Regt. - - - Whitehall, 20 Apr., 1688. Francis Scott M to be Ensign of Col. Buchan's own Cy., in latter's Regt - - - Whitehall, 156 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Alex. Mountgomery 25 to be Ensign to Capt. Kenneth McKenzie's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, 20 Apr. 1688. Patrick Graham 26 to be Ensign to Capt. John Bruce's Cy. in above Regt. -, Whitehall, TWO NEW COMPANIES TO BE ADDED TO COL. T. BUCHAN'S REGT. OF FOOT. Commissions dated at Whitehall, 23rd April, 1688. CAPTS. LIEUTS. ENSIGNS. John Bell, 27 Henry Bruce, 28 Wm. Ogilvie. 29 John Ramsay, 30 Alex. Leith, 31 Charles Farquharson. 82 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS IN COL. T. BUCHAN'S REGT. OF FOOT. Duncan Menzies 33 to be Capt. of that Cy. whereof [Ken- neth] Mackenzie deceased was late Capt.- Whitehall, 25 Sept., 1688. Lieut. Alex. Straton Si to be Aid Major of above Regt. Whitehall, Walter Sharp 3S to be Lieut, of Capt. Hugh Mountgomery's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, „ „ George Buchan 36 to be Ensign to Capt. Robt. Mackenzie in above Regt. Whitehall, 16 Nov., 1688. Alex. Straton 87 to be Lieut, of Major Thomas Douglas's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, 29 Nov., 1688. John Colt 38 to be Ensign to Capt. Hugh Montgomery's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, Henry Crauford 39 to be Ensign to Lt.-Col. John Bal- four's Cy. in above Regt. Whitehall, ,, ,, 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX. Out of the Eegt. 31 July, 1686. 2 Ibid. Ensign in Sir Wm. Lockhart's Regt. of Foot in 1672. Second Lieut, in Dum- barton's Regt., 1679. Capt. of Grenadiers in Col. Buchan's Regt., 4 Sept. 1686. Fought under Dundee at Killiecrankie. Evidence of Lieut. John Nisbet of Lord Kenmure's Regt. quoted in Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 56. 3 Ibid. Promoted Capt. in same Regt., 1 Aug. 1692 vice Capt. Wm. White, killed at Steinkirk. 4 Ibid., Vol. X. Capt.-Lieut. 20 April, 1688. Adhered to James VII., and is said, in the pedigree of the family, to have been a Major in the service of King James. Succeeded to Auchmacoy on the death of his father, who was elder brother to Col. Thomas Buchan. 5 Ibid. Possibly the Robert Wood appointed Lieut, and Deputy Governor of the Bass, 10 July, 1689. r ' Ibid. See p. 116, note 21. • Ibid., Vol. XI. See p. 117, note 47. 8 Ibid. See p. 116, note 5. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 157 * Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. XI. This officer happened to be in Edinburgh in Deo. 1688, when the rabble made an attack on Holyrood House, which he defended with six-score men, who had been raised by the Council shortly before the riot broke out, till overpowering numbers compelled him to retire. The Affairs of Scotland, by the Earl of Balcarres. 10 Ibid. Served previously in Wauchope's Kegt. in Holland. Fought under Dundee at Killiecrankie. Evidence by Lieut. John Nisbet quoted in Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 57. 11 Ibid. See p. 116, note 14. 12 Ibid. Out of the Eegt. 15 Jan. 1687. 13 Ibid. See p. 117, note 24. 14 Ibid. See note 2. 13 Ibid. Left the Eegt. at the Revolution. 16 Ibid. In 1672 a member of the Ardross family had the following grant passed in his favour : " Warrant for a grant under the Privy Seal of Scotland to William Scott of Ardross and Colonel Wm. Borthwick, their heirs and assigns, of the fines of the maltmakers and brewers, and their escheats that may fall into his Majesty's hands, through their being convicted of contravening any of the Acts of Parliament and Secret Council made against them and therein mentioned." Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. I., p. 383. 17 Ibid. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. This young officer took part on 16 Aug. 1690, in an escapade narrated by Dr. Chambers in his Domestic Annals of Scotland : — " Adam Cockburn the post-boy, who carried the packet or letter bag on that part of the great line of communication which lies between Cockburnspath and Haddington, had reached a point in his journey between the Almshouse and Hedderwick Muir, when he was assailed by two gentlemen in masks ; one of them mounted on a blue-gray horse, wearing a stone-gray coat with brown silk buttons ; the other riding on a white horse, having a white English gray cloak coat with wrought silver thread buttons. Holding pistols to his breast, they threatened to kill him if he did not instantly deliver up the packet, black box, and big bag, which he carried, and he had no choice but to yield. They then bound him, and leaving him tied by the foot to his horse, rode off with the spoil to Garleton House near Haddington. . . . Suspicion fell on James Seton, youngest son of Lord Kingston, and John Seton, brother of Sir George Seton of Garleton. . . . They were taken into custody next day by Sir Robert Sinclair the sheriff. It was Sunday, and Baillie Lauder, to whose house they came with their escort, was about to go to church. He left them in charge of two of the town officers in his house, and had their horses secured in the stable. Unluckily, how- ever, he required the two town officers as usual to walk before him and his brother magistrates to church. Messrs. Seton made their escape. As soon as the baillie heard of it he left church and took horse after them, with some neighbours, but he did not succeed in overtaking them. The Baillie was imprisoned by the Privy Council in the Tolbooth of Edinburgh with two town officers. . .-. John Seton was arrested in 1691 and tried, but managed to escape condemnation and punishment." James Seton succeeded his brother Archibald, in 1714, as 3rd Viscount. Took part in the " Fifteen," and was attainted by Act of Parliament. His estates and honours were forfeited to the Crown. He died about 1726. 18 Ibid. Appointed Lieut, in the Scots Foot Guards, 1 March, 1689. Out of said Regt. before Oct. 1691. 19 Ibid. Not in any subsequent List of this Regt. 20 Ibid., Vol. XII. Brother to George Mackenzie, M.D., author of The Lives and Characters of the Most Eminent Writers of the Scottish Nation. Capt. Robert Mackenzie left the Regt. at the Revolution. 21 Ibid. See p. 117, note 37. 22 Ibid. Younger bro. to Capt. John Dalzell of same Regt. Out in the '15 and taken prisoner at Preston. 23 Ibid. See p. 156, note 4. 24 Ibid. Brother to the Earl of Tarras. Capt. in same Regt. before 1691, in which year he was recruiting in Scotland (Ross's Old Scottish Colours, p. 19, note 2). Out of the Regt. before 1 Jan. 1692. 25 Ibid. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 26 Ibid. Do. 158 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 2? Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XII. See p. 117, note 43. ™ Ibid. See p. 118, note 51. *>Ibid. Capt.-Lieut., 4 Oct. 1693. Capt., 1 June, 1694. Served in Flanders, 1689-95. Out of the Regt. before 1702. 80 Ibid. The Hon. John Ramsay, 2nd son of George 2nd Earl of Dalhonsie. On the death of his elder brother, Wm., 3rd Earl of Dalhousie, became tutor-at-law to the deceased Earl's children, 17 April, 1683, but being absent in Holland (where he held a Comn. as Capt. in Col. Wauchope's Scots Regt.) did not enter upon this guardianship until 1688. Douglas's Peerage of Scotland. 81 Ibid. Left the Regt. at the Revolution. 83 Ibid. Not in any subsequent List. 88 Ibid., Vol. XIII. See p. 116, note 16. 84 Ibid. See p. 118, note 55. 86 Ibid. See p. 117, note 23. 86 Ibid. A certain George Buchan, nephew to Col. Thomas Buchan of the same Regt., served with the Highland Army in 1690. See Hut. MSS. Commission, Report XV., Appx., Pt. IX., p. 95. w Ibid. See p. 118, note 54. 88 Ibid. Not in any subsequent List. 89 Ibid. Do. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 159 1688. "NEW EAYSED SCOTS EEGIMENT UNDEE COLONEL WACHOP." * (In the pay of the King of France.) CAPTS. John Wachop * (sic) Col. 11 March. Henry Graham ! Lt.-Col. or, 11 March John Gordon 8 11 March. Gavin Hamilton 4 11 March. JSneas Mackay 6 13 March. Henry Belford 6 (sic) 14 March. George Hamilton 7 15 March. John Daliel 8 (sic) 16 March. Sir John Johnston, 9 Bt. 17 March. Tho. Brown 10 18 March. Fras. Wachop u (Grenadier Cy.) Henry Hatcher 12 20 March, [succeeded by] Henry Cuningham 18 21 March. LIEUTS. Chas. Areskin M (sic) Capt.-Lt. 20 March. John Grant 23 March. James Graham 22 March. John Gordon 25 March. Allan Robertson 24 March. George Strachan 30 March. Chas. Holborn 1B 26 March. John Ramsey 28 March. John Gordon 1 April. Maxwell of Karrs 31 March. Chas. Carr 16 27 March, And. Riddill (sic) 29 March John Sinclair 17 30 March. John Murray 21 March. ENSIGNS. Archd. Carr 24 March. Jas. Campbell 1 April. Robt. Maxwell 26 March. Alex. Sandilands 28 March. — Graham 23 March. Archd. Murray 28 March. Edward Wachop 27 March. John Brown 29 March. David Forester 22 March. Peter Murray 30 March. John Maxwell 31 March. Arthur Innes 18 25 March. 30 March CHAPLAIN. — Maxwell. ADJT. John Ramsey. QE. MASTER. John Allen. CHIRURGEON-MAJOR. Augustin Joseph Brullehau. 160 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 SUPPLEMENTARY COMMISSIONS. N.B. — The Commissions given below are extracted from English Army Lists, Vol. II. David Bien (sic) to be Qr.-Mr. and Marshal in room of John Allen 1 June, 1688. Henry Graham to be Lt.-Colonel of above Regt. and Capt. of a Cy. Windsor, 20 Aug., 1688. John Gordon to be Major of do. and Capt. of a Cy. Jas. Cambell (sic) to be Ensign to Col. Wauchope Archd. Carr to be Capt.-Lieut. David Innes to be Ensign to Lt.-Col. Graham „ 2 Sept., 1688. Arthur Innes to be Lieut, to Capt. Henry Hatcher, [?] „ 17 Sept., 1688. — Murray to be Ensign to do. - * This List is given in English Army Lists, and Commission Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. II., p. 153. "Wauohope's Regt. was chiefly officered by Roman Catholics who had left the British Regts. in the service of the States of Holland to serve their lawful Sovereign at home. This Scots Corps, which was in the pay of the King of France until Nov. 1688, came to England in Oct. 1688, and was quartered at Clerkenwell. After the flight of James VII. this Regt. was sent to Woodstock and the Colonelcy was bestowed by the Prince of Orange on Sir David Colyear by Commission dated 31 Dec. 1688. Served at the siege of Cork in Dec. 1690, and in the Expedition to Brest, 1694. At the Peace of Ryswick it was disbanded. 1 On 20 April, 1688, the King wrote to the Scots Privy Council and sent " Warrant for a remission of slaughter to Colonel John Wauchope . . . committed when he was Capt. in the deceased Colonel Collier's Regt. of Foot in Dendermonde." {Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. XII). Son of Wauchope of Niddrie. Had been Colonel of a Regt. in the Scots Brigade from 1685. Adhered to James VII. Distinguished himself in the Irish Campaign, 1689-1691. Served as a Brigadier at the siege of Derry and commanded at Cavan in 1690. As Major-General he was Governor of the Castle when Athlone was besieged and taken. Taken prisoner, but soon exchanged. Served at the defence of Limerick during the second siege. It is recorded that when the capitulation of the city was found to be necessary, " Wauchope and Sarsfield came into the English camp to settle the heads of the proposed articles of surrender, and to arrange the exchange of hostages " {King James's Irish Army List, Vol. II., p. 794). Wauchope served with the Irish Troops in Catalonia under the Marshal Duke De Noailles, aud distinguished himself at the taking of Rosas {Ibid., p. 795). In October, 1693, Wauchope " fell gloriously fighting under the Marshal Catinat, at the great overthrow of the Allies in the battle of Marsaglia." Ibid. 2 Probably son of a former Colonel of same name in the Scots Brigade in Holland. Served previously as Capt. in Hugh Mackay's Regt. Promoted Lt.-Colonel 20 Aug. 1688. Killed at Walcourt village in Flanders, in an engagement with the Luxemburgers, 25 Aug. 1689. Cannon's Records of the 16th Foot. 8 Served previously as Capt. in Mackay's Regt. Promoted Major, 20 Aug. 1688. In the "List of Rebels in France, 1695." See Thomson's Acts of the Parlt. of Scotland, Vol. IX., Appx., p. 115. 4 From Capt. in Col. Barthold Balfour's Regt. in Holland. Adhered to James VII. at and after the Revolution. 5 The Hon. iEneas Mackay, 2nd son of John, 2nd Baron Reay. It is evident that this officer purposely resigned his Comn. as Capt. in Hugh Mackay's Regt. in Holland and accepted a Company in Wauchope's new-raised Scots Regt. in order to be better able to carry out some political mission with which he had been entrusted by William of Orange. Soon after arriving in Scotland iEneas Mackay was arrested by the King's orders : — "JAMES R. 1st May, 1688, Warrant to the Lieut.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle for THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 161 apprehending Captain Mackay lately arrived from the United Provinces, and to keep him a close prisoner "( Warrant Booh for Scotland, "Vol. XII.). On the accession of the Prince of Orange, Mackay was released and appointed Major of the Scots Dragoons. He was instru- mental in detecting Iit.-Colonel Livingston's plot to carry the Scots Dragoons over to the enemy. Distinguished himself in the night attack on the Highland Army at Cromdale, in 1690. Appointed Lt.-Colonel of his uncle's (Gen. Hugh Mackay's) Scots Regt. in 1691. Fought at Aughrim. Commanded his uncle's corps at Steinkirk, where he was wounded. Succeeded as Colonel of this Regt., 1 Aug. 1692. Brig. -Gen. in 1695. His constitution had been enfeebled by wounds he had received in action, and he d. at Bath in 1697, leaving issue by his wife, who survived until 1761. 6 Balfour. 3rd son of John, 3rd Lord Balfour of Burleigh. Served previously as Capt. in Col. Balfour's Regt. in Holland. Appointed Capt. in the Scots Dragoons, 1 March, 1689. Major, 1 April, 1692. Out of the Regt. 7 Sept. same year. Father of Henry Balfour of Dunbog. 7 Of Red House, East Lothian (Ferguson's Scots Brigade, Vol. II., p. 29). Served previously as Capt. in Col. Wauchope's Regt. of Foot in Holland. Appointed Colonel of a Regt. of Foot (late MoncriefE's) in Scotland, 29 Aug. 1693. Proceeded to Flanders with his Regt. in 1694. Brig. -Gen. in the Dutch Service, 16 Apr. 1704. Major-Gen. in the English Army, 1 Jan. 1707. Lieut.-General in the English Army, 1 Jan. 1709. Severely wounded at Malplaquet where he commanded four Battalions of Infantry as a Dutch Major T General. Attained the rank of Lieut.-General in the Dutch service before 1714 when his Regt. was reduced. On the breaking out of the Rebellion in Scotland in 1715, Hamilton joined the Earl of Mar (see Burton's Scotland) and acted as chief military adviser to that commander. Taken prisoner, tried, and executed, and his property confiscated to the Crown. Anderson's Memoirs of the House of Hamilton. 8 Third son of General Thomas Dalyell of Binns. Served previously as Capt. in Col. Wauchope's Regt. in the Scots Brigade. Major of Sir David Colyear's Regt., 1 Sept. 1689. Lt.-Colonel of Col. Robert Mackay's Regt (the present Scots Fusiliers), 29 May, 1695. Killed at Blenheim where he commanded the Regt. as Bt.-Colonel. £102 bounty money to his widow and 2 children. See Dalton's Blenheim Roll. 9 Son of Sir George Johnston, Bt. by a dau. of Sir Wm. Leslie, Bt. Is said to have served in Flanders and to have fought at the Boyne. For his share in helping his friend Capt. the Hon. James Campbell (brother to the tenth Earl of Argyll) to carry off the great heiress, Miss Mary Wharton (kinswoman to the Marquis of Wharton), with whom Campbell went through a form of marriage, Johnston was tried at the Old Bailey, condemned and executed at Tyburn, 20 Dec. 1690. See The Patrician, edited by Sir Bernard Burke, Vol. I., p. 275 et seq. 10 Doubtless the Thomas Browne whowasAdjt. to Col. Alex. Colyear's Regt. in the Scots Brigade, 1677. 11 " Second brother to Niddrie.'' Adhered to James VII. He was appointed Lt.- Colonel of Lord Iveagh's Regt. of Foot in King James's Irish Army by Lord Tyrconnell. Served all through the Irish Campaign, and afterwards fought with the Irish Brigade in the service of France. D'Alton's Irish Army List, Vol. II., p. 733. 13 Does not appear in any subsequent List. One of this name was 2nd son of John Hatcher of Careby, Co. Lincoln. Capt. Hatcher's Comn. was evidently cancelled and Henry Cuningham appointed in his place. 18 Recommissioned 31 Dec. 1688. Untraced after that date. Serving with same Regt. in June, 1690. 14 Erskine. D. or left the Regt. in Aug. 1688. 16 Promoted Capt., 21 March, 1689. Left the Regt. 19 Oct. 1693. 16 Promoted Capt., 1 June, 1690. Out of the Regt. 1 Aug. 1693. 17 Serving as Capt. in above Regt. in Flanders, 1695. 18 Capt., 1 June, 1690. Serving as Capt. of the Grenadier Cy. in Flanders, 1695. 162 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 GAERISONS AND INDEPENDENT COMPANIES. 1685-1688. James, Earl of Perth^Lord High Chancellor of Scotland, to be Oapt. and Governor of the Isle of the Bass, Whitehall, 26 Feb., 1685. Charles Maitland 3 to be Lieut, and Dep. Governor of the Isle of the Bass - - Whitehall, „ „ Warrant for William, Duke of Queensberry 3 to be Constable and Governor of Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, „ „ Commission to William, Duke of Queensberry* to be Capt. of the Company of Foot in Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, „ „ Warrant for Commission to Major Andrew White 5 to be Lieut.-Governor of Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, „ „ Commission to Major Andrew White 6 to be Lieut, of the Independent Cy. of Foot in Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, ,, „ John Auchmoutie 7 to be Ensign of above Company in do. - - Whitehall, „ „ Charles, Earl of Mar 8 to be Capt. of the Company in garrison in Stirling Castle - - Whitehall, 30 March, 1685. Warrant for Commission to Capt. Archibald Stuart 9 to be his Majesty's Lieut.-Governor of Stirling Castle Whitehall, Commission to Capt. Archibald Stuart 10 to be Lieut, of the Indep. Cy. in Stirling Castle Whitehall, „ „ John Erskine 11 to be Ensign to above C} T . in Stirling Castle - - Whitehall, Charles, Duke of Lenox and Richmond 12 to be Governor of Dumbarton Castle and Capt. of the Cy. of Foot in garrison there Whitehall, ,, „ Warrant for a commission to Major George Arnot 13 to be Lieut.-Governor of Dumbarton Castle - Whitehall, ,, ,, Commission to Major George Arnot 14 to be Lieut, of the Independent Cy. in above garrison Whitehall, „ ,, James Ramsay 15 to be Ensign to above Company Whitehall, Commission to Alexander Livingstoun 16 of Bedlorvy (sic) to be Deputy Governor of Blackness Castle Whitehall, Warrant for a Commission to Capt. George Barclay 17 to be Governor of James's Fort appointed to be built near Stirling Bridge ----- Whitehall, 2 May, 1685. Commission to Capt. George Barclay 17 to be Capt. of the Independent Cy. of Foot to be raised for garrisoning James's Fort appointed to be built near Stirling Bridge - Whitehall, THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 163 Patrick Ronald I8 to be Lieut, to above new-raised Cy. of Foot for garrisoning James's Fort - - Whitehall, 2 May, 1685. Warrant for a Commission to George, Duke of Gordon 19 to be Constable and Governor of Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, 24 Feb., 1686. Commission to George, Duke of Gordon 19 to be Capt. of the Cy. in garrison at Edinburgh Castle Whitehall, „ „ Archibald Stuart 20 (brother german to the Earl of Moray) to be Capt. of the Cy. in garrison at Stirling Castle in room of the Earl of Mar Whitehall, 29 July, 1686. Sir James Hamilton 21 of Manor Elieston to be Lieut, to Capt. Archibald Stuart's Cy. in above garrison Windsor Castle, 21 Aug., 1686. Warrant for a Commission to Lt.-Colonel George Winra- ham 22 to be His Majesty's Lieut.-Governor of Edin- burgh Castle - - ... Whitehall, 31 Dec, 1686. John Auchmoutie 2S to be Lieut, of the Company of Foot in garrison in Edinburgh Castle - Whitehall, „ „ James Winchester 24 to be Ensign to above Company Whitehall, ,, „ Commission to William, Lord Viscount Strathallan, 25 to be Capt. of the Cy. of Foot which is to be raised and put into the Castle of Inverary of which he is Governor - ... Whitehall, 16 May, 1687. Sir [John] Drummond 26 of Machanie to be 1st Lieut, of above Company - - - - Whitehall; „ „ — Campbell 27 of Duntroon to be 2nd Lieut, of above Company ----- Whitehall, „ Warrant for a Commission to Lt.-Colonel Wm. Middle- ton 28 to be Lieut.-Governor of Stirling Castle during his Majesty's pleasure - - Whitehall, 28 March, 1688. Commission to Lt.-Col. Wm. Middleton 28 to be Capt. of the Cy. of Foot in garrison at Stirling Castle Whitehall, Warrant for a Commission to Sir John Drummond 29 of Machanie to be Governor and Constable of Inverary Castle - Whitehall, 7 May, 1688. Commission to Sir John Drummond 29 of Machanie to be Capt. of that Cy. of Foot lately put in garrison in Our Castle of Inverary - Whitehall, 19 June, 1688. James Wincester 30 (sic) to be Major of the Castle of Edinburgh - Whitehall, 29 Nov., 1688. 1-16 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX. All these officers had their Commissions renewed by James VII. on above dates. They have already been annotated. 17 Ibid. Appointed Major of Sir Edward Hales's Eegt. of Foot, 28 Nov. 1685. Lt.- Colonel of said corps, 3 Oct. 1686. Joint commander of Sir Donald Macdonald of Sleat's Regt. at Killiecrankie with that baronet's son (Diet, of Nat. Biog.). His name is given as Berkeley in some Lists. His parentage has never, apparently, been ascertained. He was knighted by James VII., and became notorious afterwards as the instigator of a deep laid plot to assassinate William III. Boyer, the historian of William's reign, thus refers to their conspiracy : — " Sir George Barclay, an officer in King James's Guards, came over to England [in Dec. 1695], and brought with him a commission from the late King, to attack and seize the Prince of Orange (sic) in his winter quarters. Before him, with him, or after him two and twenty more of King James's officers, whp had instructions to obey r2 164 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Sir George Barclay, came also to England " {Hist, of William III., pp. 149-153). Two of the conspirators disclosed the plot, and £1,000 reward was offered for Sir George Barclay and other officers engaged in the design. Barclay escaped to France and was living there in 1698. 18 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. IX. See p. 149, note 9. 19 Ibid. Vol. X. George Gordon, 9th Earl and 4th Marquis of Huntley, crea'ted Duke of Gordon, 1 Nov. 1684. " In 1668, he went to France to be educated and travelled on the continent — returning to Scotland in 1672. In 1673 he was back in France and served with the French Army for two years. In 1675 he served the Prince of Orange in Flanders. Returned to Scotland same year. On the accession of James VII. he was appointed a Lord of the Treasury, a Privy Councillor, and Governor of Edinburgh Castle. K.T. 29 May, 1687. Defended Edinburgh Castle from the middle of 1688 till 13 June, 1689. Visited the exiled Court at St. Germains, but was not well received. Travelled in Switzerland and Holland, and returned to Scotland, leading, it is said, ' a very uneasy life, being of tener a prisoner than at liberty.' Died at the citadel of Leith, where he resided, 7 Dec. 1716. Macky says : ' brave in his person, loves his country and his bottle.' " New Scottish Peerage. 20 Ibid., Vol. XI. See p. 20, note 1. 21 Ibid. Son of Sir Wm. Hamilton, Knt. of Manor Elieston, Co. Tyrone. A certain Sir James Hamilton was granted a pension by James VII. 31 Dec. 1685. See List of Pen- sions granted by James VII., under aforesaid date, in Cal. S.P. Dom., 1689. 23 Ibid. See p. 77, note 2. 28 Ibid. See p. 36, note 3. 24 Ibid. Winchester. Served under the Duke of Gordon during the defence of Edin- burgh Castle. Appointed " Major" of said castle, 29 Nov. 1688. Under date of 19 March, 1689, occurs this Parliamentary order : — " Ordered that upon the Duke of Gordon's desire a safeguard be given to James Winchester, Ensign of the Castle Company, for speaking with Sir James Grant and Mr. Thomas Gordon in the Session House this day in presence of one of the members of the meeting. But to be safely sent back once this night and ane warrand given to the Earl of Leven and Capt. Lauder for that effect." 25 Ibid., Vol. XII. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 70-77. 26 Ibid. Only son of Sir James Drummond of Machany. Succeeded Lord Strathallan as Govr. of Inverary Castle, 7 May, 1688. " A decreet of forfeiture was passed against him in 1690 by the Scottish Parliament for his attachment to the abdicated family ; but he returned, and died at Edinburgh in 1707. He was father of Wm. 4th Viscount Strathallan." Peerage. 27 Ibid. Untraced. 28 Ibid. Served previously as Lt.-Colonel of Col. John Wauchope's Regt. in the Scots Brigade in Holland. Probably brother to Major James Middleton of Buchan's Regt. who had also served in Wauchope's Regt. Untraced after Dec. 1688. 29 Ibid., Vol. XIII. See note 26. 30 Ibid. See note 24. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 165 COMMISSIONS TO GENERAL OFFICERS. 1685-1688. General Thomas Dalzell 1 to be Lieut.-General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland Whitehall, 30 May, 1685. George, Earl of Dumbarton, 2 to be Lieut.-General and Commander-in-Chief of all Our Forces in Scotland Whitehall, 2 May, 1685. Colonel James Douglas s to be Brigadier of the Horse and Foot in Scotland " - Whitehall, 16 May, 1685. Colonel John Graham 4 of Claverhouse to be Brigadier of the Horse and Foot in Scotland - Whitehall, 18 May, 1685. Colonel Hugh Mackay 5 to be Major-General of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland - Whitehall, 4 June, 1685. Wm. Drummond 6 of Cromlix to be Lieut.-General of all his Majesty's Forces in Scotland [in place of Lieut.- General Thomas Dalyell of Binns, deceased] Whitehall, 7 Oct., 1685. Royal Warrant to Col. James Douglas 7 to be Master- General of the Ordnance in Scotland ..." especially with the command of all his Majesty's Forces leavied or to be leavied in his said Kingdome as youngest Lieut.-General with all the Honours, Powers, Privi- ledges, and other whatsoever thereunto pertaining." Whitehall, 26 Oct., 1685. Colonel John Graham 8 of Claverhouse to be Major- General of all his Majesty's [Horse] Forces in Scotland - - Windsor Castle, 20 Sept., 1686. Commission to Sir George Monro 9 of Culcairne to be Major-General of all his Majesty's [Militia] Forces in Scotland - - - - Whitehall, 24 Oct., 1688. Col. Tho. Buchan 10 to be Brigadier over all the Foot Windsor, 12 Nov., 1688. 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX. 2 , 3 , 4 , Hid. 5 Ibid., Vol. X. Third son of Col. Hugh Mackay of Scourie. Began his career in the French service as an officer in Lord George Douglas's Scots Regt. Out of this Regt. before July, 1666. Served at the siege of Candia in 1669, as a reduced French officer, and sub- sequently was reappointed Captain in Lord George Douglas's Scots Regt. In 1671, Mackay was sent to Scotland with fifteen other officers of his corps to recruit (Privy Council Register, 8 June, 1671). Fought at Seneffe 1st Aug. 1674. Succeeded Sir Wm. Bannatyne (p. 79) as Lt. Colonel of Alexander Colyear's Regt., 1675. Colonel of said Regt. in 1677. Came to England with the three Scots Regts. on the outbreak of Monmouth's Rebellion. Returned with the Scots Brigade to Holland. Appointed Commandant of the six British Regts. in the service of Holland in 1688, and accompanied these Troops to England in Nov. same year. He was sent to Scotland as Commander-in-Chief early in 1689. Sent to Ireland in 1691 and did splendid service at the siege and capture of Athlone, at the battle of Aughrim (where the slaughter was horrible) and at the capture of Limerick. Mackay was promoted Lieut. General and fell at Steinkirk, one of the most bloody battles on record. 6 , 7 , Ibid. 8 Ibid., Vol. XI. The original Commission is among the Duntrune MSS. 'Ibid., Vol. XIII. 10 English Army Lists and Comn. Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. II., p. 200. 166 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ARTILLERY WARRANTS AND COMMISSIONS. 1685-1688. Commission to Capt. James Campbell 1 of Fordie to be Commissary of Our Train of Artillery in Scot- land - - Whitehall, 22 Oct., 1686. Royal Warrant for a gift of the Office of Master-General of his Majesty's Ordnance in Scotland to Colonel James Douglas 2 with a yearly pension of £150 Sterling - - ... Whitehall, 26 Oct., 1686. Sergeant John Stitt 8 to be Commissary of above Train Whitehall, 12 Nov., 1688. [Theodore Durie, 4 a Frenchman, to be Second Engineer 1688]. [Wm. Drummond, 6 Clerk to the Artillery - 1688]. [John Slezer, 6 Captain of the Artillery Train - - 1688]. i Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. XI. This officer might be the James Campbell who, in 1684, was serving as 1st Lieut, to Capt. Archd. Rollo in Lord Dumbarton's Regt. and who had left said Regt. before Feb. 1685. 2 Ibid. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 78-87. 8 Ibid., Vol. XIII. Probably the John Still, or Stitt, appointed Adjt. to the 2nd Batt. of the Soots Foot Guards, in July, 1689. 4 See p. 45, note 6. 5 Mentioned by the Earl of Balcarres, in his Account of the Affairs of Scotland, as " one of the discontented gentlemen " who took part in the attack on Holyrood House, Dec. 1688, when it was defended by Captain John Wallace. 6 Commission, or Warrant, not forthcoming. Slezer commanded, as Captain, the Artillery Train which marched into England with the Scots Forces, in Oct. 1688, and his letter to Lt. General Douglas from " Edinburgh, 20 Nov. 1688," detailing his return march to that city, from Carlisle, is among the MSS. of the Duke of Leeds. On 11 Jan. 1689-90, John Slezer was reinstated as " Captain of the Artillery Company in Scotland and Surveyor of the Magazines." THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 167 NON-REGIMENTAL COMMISSIONS. 1685-1688. Andrew Middleton 1 of Pitgarvie to be Muster-Master- General of all Our Forces in Scotland - Whitehall, 30 March, 1685. Mathew Hamilton 2 to be Adjutant-General of all Our Forces in Scotland - Whitehall, „ „ Warrant to Capt. George Barclay 8 to be employed in Our Service for the inspecting, reviewing, and exercising Our Forces throughout Scotland - Whitehall, 2 May, 1685. Wm. Borthwick 4 to be Surgeon-Major of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland ----- Whitehall, 24 March, 1686. Warrant to Sir Charles Carney 5 for inspecting and exercising his Majesty's Forces in Scotland " except- ing Our 1 Royal Regt. of Horse Guards and Our Royal Regt. of Horse." ... . Whitehall, 31 Dec, 1686. Warrant to John Douglas 6 of Stonehouse for being his Majesty's Secretary at War to all his Forces in Scotland during his Majesty's pleasure only Whitehall, 4 May, 1688. James Cathcart ' of Carbiestoun to be first and chief Commissary of the Musters - Whitehall, 1 Oct., 1688. SPECIAL SERVICE OFFICER SENT TO SCOTLAND, 23 May, 1685. Captain Thomas Maxwell. 8 1 Warrant Book for Scotland, Vol. IX. See p. 54, note 10. 2 Ibid. See p. 54, note 8. 3 Ibid. See p. 163, note 17. 4 Ibid., Vol. X. See p. 54, note 9. * Ibid., Vol. XL See p. 145, note 11. 6 Ibid., Vol. XIII. Probably Colonel John Douglas of Stonehouse, or Stenhouse, who md. Janet Maxwell, heiress of Carnsallock, which lady md. 2ndly William Maxwell of Kirkconnell, Co. Kirkcudbright. Burke's Landed Gentry. 7 Ibid. Son of Francis of Carbiston and the lineal descendant of David Cathcart of Duchray, 3rd son of John, Lord Cathcart. He md. Magdalen, eldest dau. of Sir James Roehead, Bart, of Inverleith, by whom he had a son James, who inherited Carbiston. This last-named James Cathcart was appointed Capt. and Lt.-Colonel in the 1st Foot Guards, 24 Apr. 1710. English Army Lists and Comn. Registers, 1661-1714, Vol. VI., p. 50. 8 This distinguished soldier was sent to Scotland by James VII. in May, 1685, " to attend the Duke of Gordon and to be asistinge to him in the management of the Commisione of Liuetennosy (sic) the Einge now sends him." (Letter from Alex. Earl of Moray to the Duke of Queensberry, 22 May, 1685, quoted in Hist. MSS. Comn., Report XV., Vol. II., p. 100). Served previously as Capt. in Wauchope's Regt. in the Scots Brigade. Appointed Lt.-Col. of Col. Berkeley's new-raised Regt. of Dragoons, 17 July, 1685. Returned to London early in aforesaid month. Appointed Quarter-Master-General in England, 1 Jan. 1686. Soon after this date he entered his pedigree and obtained a Grant of Arms from the Lyon 168 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Office. The entry describes him as " lawful son to James Maxwell of Littlebart, which James was a second son of Maxwell of Kirkonell and which Kirkonell is lawfully descended of a second son of Lord Maxwell whose successors are now EarlB of Nithsdaie and chief of that name, bears Arg. a saltire sa. within a bordure embattled, gu. Crest, a stag lodged under a bush of hollin proper. Motto, Non Dormio — non Dormio." (Add. MS. 20701, Brit. Mua.). Appointed Colonel of a Regt. of Dragoons, 24 Nov. 1688. At the Revolution Col. Thomas Maxwell adhered to James VII. and attained the rank of Major- General of Dragoons in James's Army in Ireland where he served with distinction. After the capitulation of Limerick, he passed over to France with two Regts. of Irish Dragoons. He md. Jane, Duchess of Norfolk, widow of the 6th Duke, a lady of great beauty and accomplishments. According to an Irish historian (D' Alton) General Maxwell was killed at the battle of Marsaglia, in Piedmont, 1693. COMMISSIONS FOR BREVETS. 1688. Captain Patrick Graham r to have the rank and precedency of a Lt.-Colonel, he being Capt. of the Company of Foot entertained by the Town of Edinburgh in Our Service - - Whitehall, 17 July, 1688. James, Earl of Drumlanrig, 2 to have the rank, precedency, and command of a Colonel of Horse ' Whitehall, 19 Sept., 1688. Sir Charles Murray 3 to have the rank and precedency of a Colonel of Horse - - Whitehall, 27 Sept., 1688. Alex. Bruce 4 to have the rank and precedency of a Captain of Dragoons - - - Whitehall, 18 Oct., 1688. 1 Warrant Booh for Scotland, Vol. XIII. See biog. notice on p. 104, note 2. 2 Ibid. See biog. notice on p. 77, note 1. 3 Ibid. See biog. notice on p. 103, note 7. 4 Ibid. See biog. notice on p. 123, note 7. On 5 Nov. 1688, James VII. wrote to the Scottish Privy Council ordering that Capt. Alex. Bruce (Capt. Lieut, of the Earl of Dunmore's Troop in latter's Regt. of Dragoons) be given the full pay of a Capt. of Dra- goons. Ibid. APPENDICES APPENDICES. TO THE KINGS MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTIE. The humble peticon of James Wemyss Geneeall of yo r Ma ties - Artillery of Scotland. [S]heweth That y° petrj : (after y* dissasterat Dunbar) represented to yo r Ma ty & y e Comittee of Estates y e necessity of provideing a Traine of Artillery w° h itt was to be feared would require more time then necessity would pmitt, w th out w oh y° Army then leavying would proue very defectiue, rencountring yo' Enemy soe well prouided of one as he was, but after many moneths sollicitacon found nothing but obstruccons for want of mony to provide one at home, itt being almost an impossibility to haue one brought from abroad, the seas being then very full of enemies, W oh y e petrj considering, & laying to heart what was at stake, resolued to pro- vide one & present to yo r Ma ty att his owne charges of 20 peeces of Ordi- nance the least carrying a 3 U shott, w oh he acquainted yo' Ma ty w th privatly, entreating itt might remaine a secret vntill the day of Rendevouz at w ch time he promised they should be ready, Yo r Ma*""" gracious answer was (amongst other things) y* ye only doubted of his ability in point of ffortune. He therevnto in all humility said y' (God willing) he would pforme his promise whatever should after befall him & his, w oh promise y e were pleased severall times in private to put him in mind of, w oh soe annimated him y* he extended his all & what he could vppon his creditt procure, & brought into y e feild about y e day aforesd 29 peeces mounted y e least carrying a 3 U shott, & 42 small ones carrying halfe a pound bullett y* men mannaged as Musketts. Now may itt please yo* Ma ty to know y* his ffee by Pattent is only 500 Markes Scotch p annu, besides w oh there is noe pquiset whatsoever y* doth belong to him as there doth to them that comand yo* Artillery in cheife in England & Ireland, In consideration thereof his prjdecesso r Alexander Hamilton had a pencon of 800" sterling p annu granted him from yo* Ma' iea Royall ffather of ever blessed memory. 172 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 His humble suite therefore is y* yo r Ma ty wilbe graciously pleased to take y* pte of the prj misses into consideracon y* relates to his prj decesso" pencon & allow y° petr? what yo r Ma ty in yo r great wisdome shall Judge he doth deserue to y e end he may goe & put things in order there. And as in duty bound he shall daily pray, &c. Memorandum y l yo r Ma* 7 (at last when the Traine was neere ready) did w th dificulty procure an act of Parliam* for 2,000 u sterling to be paid to y" petrj towards the furnishing of a Traine of 20 peeces of Ordinance, but he hath hardly receiued soe much thereof as did mount the aforesaid Traine w th all things necessary therevnto. (Add. MS. 23114, f. 134.) DECLARATION BY THE EARL OF LAUDERDALE IN FAVOUR OF JAMES WEMYSS.* Whitehall, 6 Dec, 1664. His Majestie is gratiously pleased to declare that when he divides the fines he will give to the petitioner two thousand pound sterlin out of the same, and will otherwise reward the petitioner for the remainder of his just pretensions. LAUDERDAILL. * The Wemyss Family Book, edited by Sir W. Fraser, Vol. II., p. 246. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 173 DEMISSION OF HIS OFFICE BY JAMES WEMYSS, GENERAL OF ARTILLERY, 29 Nov., 1666* First and chiefly that his debility of body by age, accompanied with frouns of fortune, hath rendred him altogether unable to performe what that office doeth and may require. That he hath served your Majestie therein in the worst of tymes faithfulie upon his oun charges . . . And lastlie that he hath nothing from your Majestie in this his old age to maintain him with, which forceth him, with your leave and favour, to retire to a private life (how mean soever) where he shall daily pray for your Majestie's long and prosperous raigne, and remaine your Majestie's most humble but ruined servant, J. WEMYSS. * The Wemyss Family Book, Vol. II., p. 247. LEATHER GUNS IN THE POSSESSION OF THE COUNTESS OF WEMYSS, 1685.* After the death of Lord Burntisland the Countess of Wemyss was called upon to deliver up all the guns, great or small, in the castle of Burntisland, to be preserved on her behalf in Edinburgh Castle. They were to be re-delivered to her on demand, and if any of them were made use of for his Majesty's service, the value of them was to be paid to the Countess (Warrant to Ensign John Achmoutie, dated 7 June, 1685, and subscribed by Queensberry, &c). * Wemyss Charter Chest. 174 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 THE EARL OF MIDDLETON'S LETTER TO CHARLES II., RESIGNING HIS POSTS IN SCOTLAND.* "May it please Y b . Majestie, " I Jhon Earle of Middleton doe by these freelie and heartilie resigne upgive and over-give in and to y r Majesties hands the offices of Captain generall of y r Maj. Kingdome of Scotland, and of captain and keeper of y r Majesties Castle of Edinbrogh granted to me by two severall guifts and letters patents under y r Majesties great seale of the said kingdome to be disposed upon at y r Majesties pleasour in all tyme commyng. In wittnes wherof the presents are written and signed by "May it please y* Majestie y 1 Majesties most fathfull most humble and most obedient subject and servant, MIDDLETON." " London, Jan. 5th, 1664." " For the Kings most sacred Majestie." * Lauderdale Papers, Vol. I., p. 191. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 175 UNPUBLISHED LETTER FROM MAJOR SIR JAMES TURNER OF THE FOOT GUARDS TO THE EARL OF LAUDERDALE*:— My very Noble Lokd Yesternight I received yours of the 7 th of January and in it one from his Majesty, in which he is graciously pleased to take notice of some weak endeavours of mine to serve him, which as I do impute to his great goodness and clemency, so I cannot but be very sensible of your lordship's favourable representation of my poor services to his Majesty for which I shall ever owe to your lordship my most humble thanks. His Majesty commanded me, as your lordship knows, to send to your lordship a copy of my Commission, though I can send several, yet can I not send that his Majesty mentions, which is the E. of Middleton's, for my being Major and Captain in the kings lifeguards of foot. I gave to Mr. Meteken (?) your lordship's secretary, a full account of that business, which no doubt he will show your lordship, before this one come to your hands. I wrote also something of it to your lordship before. However I shall beseech your lordship to show His Majesty, that I never had any commission for that charge, nor any other officer of the foot as far as I know, none of the three companies here ever had, unless Colonel Urrey has got one since his going to London. The Earl of Marr never had any and I believe my Lord Duke got none. The liveries (?) our company uses by virtue of a " banke " beaten and pro- claimed with (?) drums through Edinburgh in name of the Earl of Middleton then High Commissioner and General, and it was in the time of the second session of Parliament. After that the said Earl formally placed the E. of Linlithgow 1. colonel & me sergeant major at Glasgow. Neither can I give your lordship either a more true or a larger information of that matter, except that Earl Middleton told me we were to have our Commissions from the king and that he would bring them to us at his next return from Court. So soon as I have done writing I shall bring the officers that are here together, and declare to them that they are not now to obey the E. of Middleton's orders, his Commission being recalled by his Majesty whose further Royal pleasure will be shortly signified to us all. I shall also this day intimate the same to the Castles of Dumbarton, and Stirling, and to the garrisons at " Kidcubright " and the Chappell. Yo r . lordships faithfullest servant JAS. TURNER. Glasgow 15 Jan. 1664. * Add. MS. 23121, f. 17. (Modern Spelling). 176 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 CHARLES R. The Establishment of his Majesty's Forces, Officers and Souldiers, Horse and Foote intertained in his Kingdome of Scotland as they are to be payed. (endorsed) 8 Oct. 1667.* His Majesty's Guard of Horse commanded by the Earl of Newburgh. Per Diem. Capt. 10s. and 2 horses each 2s. - Lieut. 6s. ,, „ ,, - Under Lieut. 6s. „ ,, „ Cornet 5s. „ „ „ Qr. Mr. 4s. and 1 horse 2s. 4 Corporalls each 3s Chirurgion and mate Clerk 4s. 4 Trumpeters each 2s. 8d. 1 Kettle Drum 3s. 120 souldiers each 2s. 6d. £ s. d. 14 10 10 9 6 12 5 4 10 8 3 15 His Majesty's Guard of Horse commanded by the Earl of Rothes, Lord Chancellor. Per Diem. Capt. 10s. and 2 horses each 2s. - Lieut. 6s. Cornet 5s. Qr. Mr. 4s. and 1 horse 2s. 4 Corporalls each 3s. Chirurgion and mate - Clerk --- 4 Trumpeters each 2s. 8d. - 1 Kettle Drum 3s. 80 souldiers each 2s. 6d. £ s. d, 14 10 9 6 12 5 4 10 8 3 10 * Treasury Records, Vol. I. s. d 12 7 5 4 5 THE SCOTS AEMY, 1661-1688 177 His Majesty's Regt. of Foot commanded by the Earl of Linlithgow. Per Diem. Colonel as Colonel Lt. Col. as such Major as do. - Qr. Mr. and Marshall in one Chirurgion and mate Seaven Companies of Foote belonging to that Regt. and to each Company. Per Diem. Capt. Lieut. Ensign 2 Serjts. 3 Corporalls [at Is.] 2 Drums Clerk - 100 souldiers each Qd. - The Garrisons of Edinburgh, Stirling, Dumbarton, to be as formerly, By his Majesty's Command. LAUDERDAILL. £ s. d. 8 4 3 3 T3 01 3 2 2 10 178 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 Testimoniall of Nobility giuen to S' Jo : Vrrys Children Cabolus &C, Serenissimus &C. Quandoquidem Nobilis et Nobis apprime dilectus Joannes Vrrseus Natione Scotus, Eques Auratus, Tribunus Militum et Prsefectus Vigiliarum in Exercitibus Serenissimi Regis Domini et Patris nostri pise et Augustse memorise, et Nostris, contra Rebelles in Regnis nostris Angliae et Scotise, propter strenuam Nobis naratam operam, ab ijsdem inhu- maniter trucidatus, quinque liberos extorres patrio solo, et in Germania peregrinantes reliquit : Ne dictis nobilissimi viri liberis fraudi sit defectus literarum de nativa Patris nobilitate Testimonium perhibentium quales in Cancellariatu Regni nostri Scotise expediri solebant, antequam nefandis Perduellium machinationibus et scelere Leges oppressse siluerunt : Nos ab ijs requisiti, post debitam inquisitionem et ex certa nra scientia, Vniversis et singulis, ad quorum arnicas manus hse Literse pervenient, Testamur prsedictum Joannem Vrrseum Equitem Auratum &c. filium fuisse legitime natum Joannis Vrrsei antiquissimse et nobilissimse Vrrseorum familise de Pettsichie Principis in Provincia Abredonensi in ScotiS et Mariorse Camerarise ex Nobilissima et antiquissima Camerari- orum de Coultes familia in eadem Provincia ortse : Ejusque liberos ut Nobiles omnibus ad quos se contulerint commenda- mus, Rogantes, ut ijsliberam Privilegiorum cum alijsNobilibus communium fruitionem permittere, et sestimationem suis Majorumque meritis conformem tribuere dignentur. Datum Bruxelles 31° die Octobris Anno Regni nri decimo 1658. (British Museum, Add. MS. 15856, f. 89b.). THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 179 Testimonial of Nobility given to Sir John Urry'a children. TRANSLATION. Charles Etc., the most serene Etc. Inasmuch as it is known to us that the highly es- teemed John Urry ; a Scotsman by birth, a noble knight, Captain of soldiers and Commander of the Watch in the armies of our most serene King, Lord and Father of pious and august memory, and made known to us on account of his strenuous exertions on our behalf against the rebels in our kingdoms of England and Scotland, by whom he was sav- agely killed; has left five children driven from their paternal soil and exiles in Germany : Lest to the injury of the said children of the noble man there may be a failing of the letters affirming the evidence with regard to the native nobility of the father, such as were wont to be set forth, in the Chan- cellery of our kingdom of Scotland before the laws were silent having been suppressed by the execrable machinations and the crime of rebels : We, having been requested by them, after having held an inquiry and out of our certain knowledge, To all and singular to whose friendly hands these letters may come, declare the aforesaid John Urry, noble knight etc. to have been the son, lawfully born, of John Urry of the most ancient and noble family of the Urrys of Pitsligo, chief in the county of Aberdeen in Scotland and of the Chamberlaincy of Mar, having originated from the most noble and ancient of the Chamberlaincies with the Coultes family in the same county : and We commend his children as noble, to all to whom they may have joined themselves, requesting that they may deem it worthy to allow to them the free enjoy- ment of the privileges usual with other nobles, and to con- cede to them the esteem conformable with their own merits and with those of their ancestors. Given at Brussels the 31st day of October in the tenth year of our reign, A.D. 1658. s 2 180 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 ORDERS TO MAJOR WILLIAM COCKBURN FROM THE COUNCIL. Edinburgh, 2nd September 1668. The orders direct to William Cockbum under leiutennant, is as followes : — The Lords of his Majesties Privy Councill doe hereby give order and command to you upon sight hereof to draw out threthie sex of that party of the Earle of Newburghes troupnow quartered atDumfreice, and with them to march into the stewartrie of Kirkudburgh towards the Glenkennes and uther suspect places of the said stewartry and shyre of Galloway, and there to make search and tryall from place to place for any of the rebells or excepted persons, and to perseu them wherever they can be found, and in case they flie to any uther place or shyre, that you follow and perseu them, as also to seize any person against whom you can have sufficient prooff to have resett or harboured them, and not given tymous notice therof , and that you keep correspondence with the uther parties commanded furth from Glasgow towards the heids of Kyle and nixt adja- cent places of Galloway and the heids of Clidsdale and Nithisdale ; you are to be carfull and vigilant in performing this order, and sie that the quarters quher ye come be punctually payed, certifieing you if any just complaints be made, the officers shall be lyable for satisfaction ; upon this search you are to continow till the sevent day of October nixt, against which day you are to give ane accompt of your diligence to the Councill. Acts of the Privy Council, 1667-1673, p., 124. LETTER FROM LT. COLONEL SIR GEORGE CURROR TO THE EARL OF LINLITHGOW. (See note 6 on p. 16, Pt. II.) "Glasgo, July 4th at twelve o'clock at night, 1670 My Lord, " I ame glad in hearing from Capten Dundas that yowr Lordship is in good health, and is veri mutch satisfied, that Collinel Hwrri is coming to command in this place if yowr Lordship remembers my former letteres it was allwaayes my disyr that ther showld be mor officeres hier, wee have several allarmes, bot how probabil they ar is most wncertan, as for the bodi that is hier both of hors and foot is so ordered that I hope they shal not meet with ani rub, ther is on thing mor I must acqwant yowr Lordship with, which is ane great fair now holding in this town, therfor I have disyred the commanderes of the hors to tari stil with ws til it be over, it may be thowght that man[i] persones may com in hier promiscowsly pretending marckit, albeit wpon other designes, and if yowr Lordship think fiting that they stay hier for this week I shall expect yowr answer as soon as possibill cane, wntill which tyme and ever I ame, My Lord, " Yowr Lordshipes humbil servant "GEO. CURROR." [Addressed] " For the Right Honnerabbill the Earl off Linlithgo, Thesse." THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 181 ESTABLISHMENT FOR THE PAY OF THREE TROOPS OF HORSE AND ONE REGIMENT OF FOOT CONSISTING OF TEN COMPANIES, WHEREOF TWO ARE TO BE ADDED TO THE EARL OF LINLITHGOW'S REGIMENT [OF GUARDS]. WHITEHALL, 1ST DECEMBER, 1674.* Staff Officers. Major-General Colonel as Colonel of Foot Lt. -Colonel as such Major as Major Qr. Mr. Chirurgeon and Mate - Marshal Per Diem, £ s. d. 2 12 7 5 4 5 2 Each Troop of Horse. Captain, 10s. and 2 horses, each 2s. Lieutenant, 6s., and 2 horses, each 2s. Cornet, 5s., and 2 horses, each 2s. Qr. Mr. 4s., and one horse at 2s. 3 Corporals, each 3s. 2 Trumpeters, each 2s. id. Fourscore soldiers, each 2s. Each Company of Foot. Captain - Lieutenant - - - Ensign 2 Sergeants, each Is. 6d. 3 Corporals, each Is. 2 Drummers, each Is. - Clerk - 100 Soldiers, each 6d. 20 Foot to be added to the garrison of Edinburgh Castle, each 6d. - - - - 10 3 15 Per Diem. £ s. d. 14 10 9 6 9 4 8 8 10 12 8 Per Diem £ s. d. 8 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 10 3 15 * Cal. S.P. Dom., 1G73-75. 182 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 PAY LISTS OF SCOTS [LIFE] GUARDS. 1676, February 29th. Order by William Sharpe to James Moncreif to pay to Captain Andrew Paterson of Dinmure, quartermaster to his Majesty's Troop of Guards commanded by my Lord Chancellor of Scotland, £1,168 18s. 6d. Scots as the balance due by certain shires and in part pay- ment of the said troop for June and July 1669 ; with receipt for the money thereupon. 1676, March 12th. Certificate signed by Robert Mackie at Edinburgh Castle of the receipt out of the magazine there of seventy two carbine belts belonging to the Lord Chancellor's troop. 1675-76. Entries in the Treasury Sederunt Book to Captain Paterson for the pay of the Lord Chancellor's troop. £18,390 8s. Scots. LETTER FROM JAMES MURRAY (CLERK TO THE TROOP OF LIFE GUARDS) TO THE EARL OF STRATHMORE. {From the original at the Register House, Edinburgh.') Edinburgh, the 15 Agust, 1678. My Lord, I thoght it may deutie to aquant your Lordship that I have receved ane order from My Lord Marquis of Atholl for the filling up of thir seven vacansies was in the troupe which by his Lordship order I sent ane acownt of to him, which vacansies your Lordship was pleasdtofill up befor you went from this, as also ane order for the thrie that was not receved at Linlithgow. The doubel of both I hawe sent to your Lordship desyring by this bearer whome I have sent expres to have your Lordships order anent it. My Lord in his letter heath desyred that give anie of those that he heath namd doe not apeer well mounted that in that case your Lordship or anie of your oficers present may put good men in ther pleac, so that if your Lordship pleas to nominat anie you pleas for to be in anie of ther pleac that doth not apeer of those whom my Lord heath ordered for befor I receve your Lordship commands I shall not desyr them to apeer befor the muster master, so that your Lordship would be pleasd to orderd what day thy may wett upon ye mustermaster to vew ther horse and armes. The Lords of the Thresrie in ther precepts for the pay of the troup for the last thrie months heath alowd no pay for anie of the oficers servants nor for non of those was excepted aganst at the muster at Linlithgow, since that muster ; for that blank that is in the list my Lord heath sent doune, is for on whoe is ane relatione of Lachops and was recomended to his Lord- ship when hee was in the West as a good man and well principeld, but my Lord heath forgot his nam and orderd me to inquyr at Gavin Murhead whoe will tell, whom I have not seen. My Lord lykways wrets that he will indevor to satisfie that dept owen to the Earel of Middleton at Merte- mis. What order your Lordship shall pleas to command me shall be obyd so fare as is in the poure of, my Lord, your Lordship most humbel and obliged servant. JAMES MURRAY. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 183 CERTIFICATE FROM JAMES, DUKE OF BUCCLEUCH AND MONMOUTH TO GEORGE, 4th LORD MELVILLE.* These are to certify that in the time I had command of his Majesty's Forces in Scotland, against the rebells that were then in armes, I did direct and authorize the Lord Melvill to send propositions to the rebells, and receive some from them, in order to laying downe their armes and sub- mitting to the King's mercy. In witness whereof I have set my hand and seale att London this 10th day of June 1680. * Melville Papers, edited by Sir Wm. Fraser, Vol. II., p. 27. ESTABLISHMENT FOR THE PAY OF THE TROOP OF GUARDS AND THE GARRISON OF EDINBURGH CASTLE, 16 JUNE, 1684. {Miscellany of the Maitland Club. Vol. III., p. Troop of Guards Capt. 16s. and 2 horses each 2s. Lieut. 8s. do. The other Lieut, as much Cornet 7s. and 2 horses each 2s. Quarter Master 6s. and 1 horse at 2s. 4 Corporalls each 4s. Chyrurgeon and Mate 4 Trumpetts each 2s. 8d. - 1 Kettle Drummer - Clerk - - Ninety nine souldiers (the pay of one of the former 100 being allowed in part for making up a Fond for the Artillery) each at 2s. 6d. - - 12 7 6 73 and p. 79.) Per Diem. £ s. d. ■ 1 - 12 12 11 8 16 5 10 8 3 - 4 £17 9 ASTLE 2 THE GARRISON OF EDINBURGH C Per Diem. £ s. d. Captain - 8 Lieut. . 4 Ensign 3 3 Serjts. each Is. 6d. 4 6 3 Gunners each Is. 6d. 4 6 3 Corporalls each Is. - 3 2 Drummers each Is. 2 Scrivener - 2 Chaplain 2 Chyrurgeon - - 2 One hundred and eight centinells each at Qd. - 2 14 To the Gunsmith £10 St. quarterly - 2 4f 184 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 WILL OF SIR W. BALLANTYNE. 1674, October 21st. Testament dative of Sir William Ballantyne, who died in ... . 167 . . given up by Martha Ballantyne, spouse to James Somerville, younger of Drum, only Executrix dative qua creditrix for a sum of £21 sterling borrowed by him from her, and the interest due there- upon since 30th March 1669, and for the expenses of confirmation. His Estate is valued to £300, and consists of his library in Scotland worth £120 Scots, his plenishing and furnishing in Holland and body clothes etc. worth £180 Scots. Debts due £321 Scots, and so the debts exceed the goods. Confirmed as above Mr. Robert Pitcairne writer in Edinburgh, cautioner. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 75.) WILL OF DAME JANET BALVAIRD. 1705, March 22nd. Testament Testamentar of Dame Janet Balvaird, widow of Sir Alexander Thomsone, knight, who died in . . . 1705, given up by herself on 28th December 1703, and by Sir John Hay of Alderstoun, as her only Executor. The Estate is valued to £655 14s. 0d., and consists of the plenishing and body clothes, with a pair of gold bracelets, four rings and silver plate. There was due to her £513 6s. 8d. by the said Sir John Hay. She was due £155 6s. 8d. being rent of her dwelling house, and fees to servants. Her Testament is dated at the Canongate, 23rd December 1703, and in it she appoints the said Sir John Hay her sole Executor, whom she directs to decently inter her in her husbands tomb in Glasgow. And she appoints her Executor to pay certain legacies which are contained in a Bond granted by him and Sir George Suttie of Balgoun, of this date. Confirmed as above, Thomas Hay, one of the under clerks of Session, cautioner. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 82.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 185 WILL OF COLONEL WM. URRIE. 1674, December 18th. Testament dative of Colonel William Urrie, in the city and parish of Glasgow, who died in ... . 167 . . given up by John Murray of Touchadam, as Executor dative qua creditor, for a debt of 6,000 merks and another 1,000 merks of penalty due by the defunct to him. The Estate is valued to £666, being his plenishing and habiliments. There was due to him £3,333 6s. 8d. by the magistrates and town council of Glasgow. Confirmed as above, Archibald Lamont of that Ilk, cautioner. (Glasgow Testaments, Vol. 37.) WILL OF LT. COLONEL GEORGE WINRAHAM 1699, January 11th. Testament dative of Lieutenant Colonel George Winraham, who died in March 1698, given up by George Winraham of Eyemouth as having right by Assignation from the defuncts nearest of kin. His Estate is valued to £542, and consisted of ready money, his furniture, and his armour, swords, pistols and horse graith and furniture, which last were valued at £60 Scots. There was due to him £6,008 6s. 8d. made up of Bonds and interest thereupon due by Cornelius Turnbull, merchant, and Henry Wylie, merchant, Mr. John Murray, elder, advocate, and Dr. Rule, younger, William Hapburn of Beinstoun and Robert Hep- burn of Whytburgh, Lord Boyne, William Nisbet of Dirleton, James Winraham and Archibald Cockburn, the Laird of Mortonhall, and Thomas, Henry, John and William Robertson. He was due £8,860, including £1,200 to the representatives of Sir Magnus Prince, £1,200 to Mr. William Wishart, minister at Leith, £200 to Lilias Hamilton, widow of Captain Johnston, £6,000 to Patrick Johnston, merchant, and £60 to Charles McCarnoke his servant. Confirmed as above, George Hume of Whitefield, cautioner. There is an Eik to the above Testament on 13th July 1699, of £896 138. 4cZ. with certain interest as the half of a larger sum due by the deceased Alexander Nisbet of Craigentinny and William Nisbet of -Dirle- ton, his son, to the defunct and Anna Winraham, Lady Wodmylne, his sister. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 80.) 186 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 WILL OF LT. COLONEL JOHN WINDRAM (sic.) 1687, November 28th. Testament Testamentar of John Windram, Lieutenant Colonel to his Majesty's regiment of foot guards, who died in . . . 1687, given up by himself on 8th August 1687 and by George Windram, his eldest lawful son. His Estate is valued to £400, being a horse and his furniture, and the plenishing of his house. There was due to him £3,454, including £370 8s. Od. by the repre- sentatives of the deceased Walter Scott of Langhop, £270 13s. 4d. out of the estate of Nicolson, £247 by major Robert Keith, 1,000 merks and £60 by Lieutenant William Hay, £1,447 by Captain Charles Straittoun, 200 merks by Lady Woodmylne, £140 by the deceased Joseph Johnston of Hilton, and £120 by David Oswall of East Barnes. He was due £9,333 6s. 8d. including 9,000 merks due to Mr. William Lauder, in terms of his Contract of Marriage with Rachel Windram, the defunct's daughter, and 5,000 merks due to George Monteith, merchant, in terms of his Contract of Marriage with Katharine Windram, also daughter to the defunct. His Testament is dated at Edinburgh 8th August 1687, and in it he appoints George Windram, his eldest son, his sole Executor, and directs him to pay the sums contained in the Bond of Provision made to his brothers and sisters. Witnesses, Mr. George Arnott, writer in Edinburgh, and George Urquhart, servitor to James Windram, W. S. Confirmed as abo^e, Mr. Thomas Aickman, W. S., cautioner. There is an Eik to the above Testament on 3rd November 1691 of £16,080 due by the representatives of the deceased Alexander Inglis of Ingliston. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 78.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 187 WILL OF CAPT. ROBERT STRATON. 1697, November 19th. Testament Dative of Captain Robert Straton, brother german to Alexander Straton of that Ilk, who died in November, 1674, given up by Charles Straton, son lawful to the defunct, and only Executor dative qua creditor to him in respect of a debt of 1,000 merks, due by the defunct in a Bond dated 24th June 1654, in which his said brother and John Gardyne of Satone were cautioners to Mr. David Carnegie, minister at ... . and which debt the said Executor acquired by Assignation extending now to £1,046 13s. 4sd. His estate is valued to £1,485, being a debt due to him by the deceased Sir Hary Nisbet of Craigentinnie. Confirmed as above, Alexander Jaffray, servitor to Mr. Thomas Gordon, writer in Edinburgh. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 75.) WILL OF LIEUT. DAVID STRAITON. 1710, March 14th. Testament Dative of Lieutenant David Straiton, in the regiment of Foot lately commanded by the deceased Colonel Archibald Row, who died abroad in . . . 17 . . . given up by Captain Alexander and Captain Henry Straiton, brothers german to the defunct, and only Execu- tors to him as nearest of kin. His Estate consists of arrears of pay due to him by her Majesty's Government, being £88 14s. sterling. Confirmed as above, Captain Charles Dumbreck* of the City guard of Edinburgh, cautioner. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 84.) * Appointed Cornet in Lord Cardross's Dragoons in 1689. Capt.-Lieut. to Colonel Robert Mackay's Eegt. 3 Sept. 1695. Adjt. to the Scots Fusiliers 28 April, 1697. Served at Blenheim and received £12 Bounty. D. 31 Oct. 1717 as Capt. of the City Guard of Edinburgh. There are some laudatory verses to his memory in Seotish Elegiac Verses (1842), pp. 216-217. WILL OF DAME CHRISTIAN HAMILTON. 1710, June 15th, Testament Dative of Dame Christian Hamilton, widow of Sir Mungo Murray of Blebo, who died in Edinburgh in February, 1710, given up by Margaret Hamilton, Lady Bangour, elder and Edmond Reid, musician in Edinburgh, for himself and his wife Mary McMoran, only Executors dative qua creditors to the defunct in respect of a decreet obtained by the said Lady Bangour against Sir John Murray, eldest lawful son of the deceased Sir Mungo Murray of Blebo, and Mrs. Henreta Murray his sister, and Francis Cockburne, servitor to the Earl of Orkney, her husband, for £61 12s. Scots due by the defunct to her, and for other debts which have been acquired by the said Mary McMoran. Her estate is valued to £276, including £20 sterling due by the Commissioners of the Equivalent. Confirmed as above, William Burton, wright in Edinburgh, cautioner. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 84.) 188 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 WILL OF MAJOR JOHN MONTGOMERY. 1694, March 12th. Testament Dative of Major John Montgomery, second lawful son of Alexander, Earl of Eglington, who died in . . . 168 . . given up by Dame Jean Gibsone, his lady as only Executrix under reserva- tion of her rights by her Contract of Marriage and his Disposition of all his goods to her. His estate is valued to £453 6s. 8d. consisting of a horse, and his furniture, and plenishing and furniture of the house. There was due to him £1,032 including sums by Colonel Buchan, and others liable for the arrears of his pay. He was due £10,000 to his widow in terms of their Contract of Marriage, So the debts exceed the goods. Confirmed as above, William Mitchell, tailor in the Canongate, cautioner. (Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 80.) WILL OF CAPT. THOS. WINRAHAM. Testament dative of Captain Thomas Winraham, lawful son of the deceased Sir George Winraham of Liberton, one of the Senators of the College of Justice, who died in November 1689, given up by Mr. George Arnot, writer in Edinburgh, in name of Lieutenant-Colonel George Winra- ham, and Anna Winraham, Lady Woodmylne, brother and sister german to the defunct and only executors dative to him by Decreet of the Commissaries of Edinburgh under protestation by Lilias Hamilton, widow of the defunct, for security of her whole provisions contained in her Contract of marriage, and assignation made by him since then. His inventory extends to £12,486 6s. 8d. and consists of debts due to him, &c, among the debtors being James Arnot of Woodmylne, George Winraham of Eyemouth, Lady Woodmylne and Lieut.-Colonel George Murray. Confirmed 8th February 1690 ; cautioners, George Winraham of Hay- mouth, and Patrick Johnstoun, merchant in Edinburgh. (Register of Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 79.) Testament dative ad non executa of Captain Thomas Winraham, who died in . . . 1689, not executed in his principal confirmed Testament by the deceased Colonel George Winraham, his brother german, one of the two executors confirmed to him on 8th February, 1690, and now given up by George Winraham of Eymouth who is only executor dative as having right by assignation from the nearest of kin of the said defunct. The estate given up amounts to the sum of £3,099 3s. 4>d., consisting of debts owing to the defunct, being part of those contained in the former Testament, not yet recovered, and adding Mr. James Winraham of Murrayes. Confirmed 1st December, 1699; David Burnet, merchant burgess of Edinburgh, cautioner. (Ibid., Vol. 81.) THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 189 WILL OF JAMES DOUGLAS. 1700, September 2nd. Testament Dative of James Douglas, eldest lawful son of the deceased Lieutenant James Douglas of Skirleing, who died in . . . given up by Colonel George Hamiltoun, tutor to William and Mrs Margaret Douglas brother and sister german to the defunct and only Executors dative decerned to him. His Estate consists of a debt due to him by the deceased Robert Colvill writer in Edinburgh, of 4,000 merks, being the rents of the lands and barony of Skirling uplifted by the said Robert Colvill as his factor, and £520 due by Laurence Ord and William Oliphant merchants, with interest to the said deceased Lieutenant-General Douglas designed in the Bond Colonel James Douglas, dated 14th August 1685, and registered in the Books of Council and Session 1st October 1685, amount- ing in all to £3,186 13s. 4d. No division. Confirmed as above, Colonel George McGill, cautioner. (Register of Edinburgh Testaments, Vol. 81.) 190 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 A PASSE FOR MAJOR GENERAL DRUMMOND.* (Add. MS. 15856, fol. 696.) Carolus &c Serenissimis &c Salutem. Cum fidelis atque nobis apprime dilectus Subditus noster Nobilis ac J Strenuus Vir D. Gulielmus Drumond Excubiarum in Exercitibus nostris pedestribus Prsefectus Gratis, contra conjuratas perduellium nostrorum copias fortiter militants (sic) quam plurima animi intrepidi et intemeratse fidei, singularis prudentise et peritise bellicse nobis edidirit (sic) specimina, ac de nobis optimtf meritus sit ; Et ad virtutem exercendam, aliorum Principum militise nomen addicturus sit. Eundem omnibus et singulis ad quorum Ditiones Jurisdictionesve pervenerit etiam atque etiam commendamus et rogamus ut ipsi omnibus humanitatis benevolentise et patrocinii officiis adesse velint, eidemque sestimationem meritis suis conformem tribuentes, ipsius studia promovere dignentur ; Ac insuper ipsi, cum f amulis equis armis coelerisque rebus suis terra! marive, ultro citroque commeandi eundi transeundi redeundi et commorandi tutum et liberam faciant potestatem ; Quo sicuti rem nobis gratissimam fecerint, ita nos data occasione parem gratiam rependemus. Datum Colonise Agrippinse 17 Augusti, 1655. * See footnote on p. 191. TRANSLATION. Charles &c. To the most Serene &c. Salutation. Since our faithful and especially esteemed the undermentioned renowned and capable man Lord William Drummond, honorary commander of the Guard of Infantry in our Army, bravely serving against the combined forces of our enemy, has shown us very many examples of fearless faithfulness, of undaunted courage, of exceptional prudence, & of military skill, & from us has merited most highly ; And since for the exercising of his valour he is about to be enrolled in the military services of other Princes, the same we perpetually commend to all and singular to whose kingdoms or jurisdictions he may come & we ask that they may be willing to assist him with all favours of humane kindness & protection, showing to the same a like esteem of his merits, & that they may deem hia endeavours worthy to be encouraged. And moreover that they may give him together with his servants, his horses, his arms, & his body-guard & his goods, hither & thither, in going or coming, by land or by sea, free and secure facilities of crossing over or returning, and of sojourning. Wherefore, inasmuch as they do us this great favour, so we, when the opportunity shall occur will repay an equal favour Dated at Cologne, 17 August, 1655. THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 191 A PASSE FOR LT. GENERAL DALYELL.* (Ibid.) Carolus &c Ser™ 8 &c Cum fidelis atque apprim6 nobis dilectus subditus noster Nobilia ac Strenuus Vir D. Thomas Dalyell Peditum Locumtenens Generalis in Exercitibus nostris contra conjuratos &c ut supra. * Passport to assist the bearer and his retinue, when travelling from Cologne to the Kingdom of Poland to join the Army of Prince Badzivill, to whom he had a special letter of recommendation from Charles II. Drummond's original " Passe " is lost ; the MS. at the Brit. Museum being only a copy. Dalyell's " Passe " is among the family papers at Binns, and has been printed with a translation by the Hist. MSS. Commission, Report IX., Pt. II., p. 235. TRANSLATION. Charles &c . . . Dalyell, holding the position of General of Infantry in our army against the combined &c. As above. TRANSLATION OF THE LETTER FROM THE CZAR ALEXIS TO KING CHARLES II, 23rd FEB. 1666, BEARING TESTIMONY TO THE DISTINGUISHED MILITARY SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN ARMY OF GENERAL THOMAS DALYELL AND LIEUT.-GENERAL WILLIAM DRUMMOND :— Through the tender mercy of our God ; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us, to guide our feet into the way of peace ; by the grace of our God glorious in Trinity, We the Great Lord Tsar and Grand Duke Alexis Michailovich of all the Great, Little and White Russia Autocrat, of Moscow, Kiev, Vladimir, Novgorod, Tsar of Kazan, Tsar of Astrakhan, Tsar of Siberia, Lord of Pleskov, and Grand Duke of Lithuania, of Smolensk, Tver, Volhynia, Podolia, Ugorsk, Perm, Vyatka, Volgarien and others, Lord and Grand Duke of Novgorod in the low country, of Tchernigov, Ryazan, Polotsk, Rostov, Yaroslavl, Beloozersk, Oudorsk, Obdorsk, Kondinsk, Vitebsk, Mstislavl, and Commander of all the northern counties, and Lord of the country of Iversk, of the Tsars of Kartalinsk and Georgia, and of the country of Kabada, and of the Dukes 192 THE SCOTS ARMY, 1661-1688 of the mountain tribes and Circassia, and of many other Dominions and Countries in the East, West and North from Father and Grandfather Heir and Lord and Possessor to Our Beloved Brother, the Great Lord Charles the Second, by the grace of God King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland and others, loving greetings. In the last 7182 year, on the 23rd of July You Our Beloved Brother the Great Lord, Your Royal Majesty wrote to Us Great Lord to Our Imperial Majesty in Your letter that two subjects of Your Royal Majesty the lieutenant general Thomas Daliel and the major general William Drummond were desirous to come back to Your Own Kingdom together with the goods they have got at wars by their sword under Our Imperial Majesty's colours. And let it be done by Us, the Great Lord, Our Imperial Majesty, to the pleasure of Our Beloved Brother, the Great Lord, Your Royal Majesty. Therefore, We, the Great Lord Our Imperial Majesty declare by Our Imperial Majesty's letter to You, Our Beloved Brother, the Great Lord, Your Royal Majesty that there came to Us, the Great Lord, Our Imperial Majesty in order to be in Our service those two above mentioned subjects of Your Royal Majesty, the lieutenant general Thomas Daliel and the major general William Drum- mond. And being with Us, Our Imperial Majesty, in Our country, they did serve Us, Our Imperial Majesty, and stood against our enemies, and fought bravely, and led in battles the soldiers who were under them in their regiment, drilled them, and managed and performed everything rightly as it becomes noble commanders, gentlemen by birth. And We, the Great Lord, Our Imperial Majesty, rewarded them for their true service, and promoted the lieutenant general Thomas Daliel to general, and the major general William Drummond to lieutenant general, because they deserved the honours for their service. And also for the same service they were granted the salary from Our Imperial Majesty, the allowances and the pecuniary recompense according to their merits. And conformably to the letter of Our Beloved Brother, the Great Lord, Your Royal Majesty, We, the Great Lord, Our Imperial Majesty gave order to let those above mentioned generals go from the Russian Kingdom of Our Imperial Majesty to You, Our Brother, the Great Lord, and Your Royal Majesty. In testi- mony of their true service they were given the letters of Our Imperial Majesty with Our great broad seal. Written in Our Imperial Palace, in the Imperial Capital Moscow, on the 3rd of February in the year 7183 from the creation of the world. INDEX TO THE OFFICERS WHO RECEIVED COMMISSIONS IN THE STANDING ARMY 1661-1688 INDEX -Names given in italics refer to Officers on the English Establishment who were sent to Scotland on Special Service. Airlie, James Ogilvy, 2nd Earl of, 12, 48, 63, 64, 110, 136, 142. Alexander, Charles, 18. , Lt.-Col. James, 15. John, 151. Allen, John, 159. Angei, Edward, 145. Angiei, Paul, 95. Annandale, James Johnstone, 2nd Earl of, 48, 68. , William Johnstone, 3rd Earl of, 142. Areskin. See Erskine. Armstrong, Sir Thomas, 121. Arnold, William, 95. Arnot, George, 10, 37, 39 bis, 162 bis. , James, of Fernie, 113, 127. Mungo, 95. Major William, 53, 55, 95. Ashmole, Charles, 102. , John, 102. Atholl, John Murray, 2nd Earl and 1st Mar- quis of, 6, 48, 61, 62, 182. Auchmoutie, Charles, 26. , John, 36, 162, 163; Warrant to, 173. Patrick, 24, 147, 148. B Baillie, (— ), 82. , Alexander, 83. , John, of Poikmal {sic), 122, 144. Baily, Cornet John. See Baillie. Surgeon John, 30, 147. Baitson. See Beatson. Balcarres, Colin Lindsay, 3rd Earl of, 135. 142. Balfour, David, 95. , Henry, 159. , John, 113, 115, 127, 154, 155. Ballantyne, Sir William. See Bannatyne. Bannatyne, Sir William, 52, 79, 80, 184. Bannerman, John, 151. Barclay, Andrew, 151. Charles, 102, 151. George, 162 bis, 167. William (Earl Marischal's Troop), 72. , William (Lord Dumbarton's Begi- ment), 151. Bean, David, 160. Beatson, David, 122, 123, 144, 145. Belford. See Balfour. Bell, John, Elder (Earl of Mar's Begiment), 114, 115, 133, 154, 156. , John, Yr. (Earl of Mar's Begiment), 115, 154. , John (Lord J. Douglas's Begiment), 102. Berkeley, Charles. See Barclay. Bethune, George, 95. Bien. See Bean. Blair, Laird of. See Blair, William. Sir Adam, Yr., of Carbery, 111, 135, 142, 144. , Patrick, 145. , William, of Blair, 100. Borthwick, Lt.-Col. William, 15, 21. , Surgeon William, 53, 115, 125, 154, 167. Boyne, Laird of. See Ogilvy, Patrick. Brisbane, Matthew, 8, 141. Brown, John, 159. , Thomas, 159. Bruce, Alexander, 122, 144 bis, 168. , Andrew, of Earl's Hall, 110, 135, 142. , David, of Clackmanan, 95, 113, 135, 142. , Major George, 7, 70. , Ensign George, 114, 134. , Henry, 115, 154, 156. , John, 113,114, 134, 154. , Lieut. Eobert, 95. , Ensign Eobert (Lockhart's Begi- ment), 95. Ensign Eobert (Dumbarton's Begi- ment), 151. , Sir William, 53. Brullehau, Augustin Joseph, 159. Buccleuch and Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 52-59. Part II., 46 bis, 47; certificate by, 183. Bucham. See Buckholme. Buchan, (— ), 82. , George, 156. , James, 155 bis. Thomas, 115, 154, 155, 165. William Erskine, 8th Earl of, 141. Buckam. See Buckholme. Buckholme, George, 7, 74, 141. Burnett, William, of Barns, 113, 114, 130, 154. 196 INDEX C Cairnes, Alexander, 114, 132, 154. Cairney. See Carney. Caithness, Sir John Campbell of Glenorchy, Earl of, 108. Campbell, (— ), 108. , (— ), of Duntroon, 163. Alexander, 108. Archibald, of Inyeraw, 108. , George, 55. , James (Lord James Douglas's Regi- ment), 102. , James (Wauchope's Regiment), 159, 160. , James, of Fordie, 166. , Sir James, of Lawers, 108 bis. , John, of Airds, 108. , Jon., 102. Carnegie, James, of Finhaven, 22. Robert, Lord, 48, 78. Carney, Sir Charles, 145, 147, 167. Carnwath, John Dalzell, 5th Earl of, 148. Carr, Archibald. See Kerr. , Charles. See Kerr. Henry. See Kerr. Carse, Sir Mark, 110, 111, 135, 142. CarBtairs, Arthur, 151. William, 100. Cathcart, James, of Carbiestoun, 167. Charteris, Robert, 95, 154, 155. William, 147. Charters. See Charteris. Chawell, Robert, 102. Cleland, John, 135, 142, 143. William, 20, 105, 122 bis, 144. Clerke, Claud, 95. Cockburn, John, 136, 142. , Major William, 5, 65 ; his epitaph, 66 : instructions to, 180. Colinson, Robert, 147. Colt, John, 156. Cornewall, Henry, 119. Cramond, Patrick, 57. Crauford, Major Hugh, 57. Crawford, Henry, 156. , Thomas, 95. Creichton, Francis, 136 bis, 142. , John (Foot Guards), 25. , John (Scots Dragoons), 106, 122, 144. Crichton, Francis. See supra. , James, 147. , John, 155. , William, 18, 147. Cuningham, Alexander, 151. .William, 151. Cunningham, Henry, 159, Cunyngham, Adam, 151. Curror, Lt.-Col. George 1 ,_ ... Sir George, Knt. J ' D Dalhousie, William Ramsay, 3rd Earl of, 113, 133. Dalmahoy, Charles, 22. James, 22, 147. John, 5, 141. William, 65. Dalyell, James. See Dalzell. , John, 159. , General Thomas, of Binns. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 17-28, 60-66 ; Part II., 46 quinqu, 47, 48, 49, 52, 55, 82, 83 ; his "Articles of War," 84-94 ; 122, 144, 165 ; his Pass, 191. Dalzell, Francis, 55. James, 148, 149, 155. , John (aftds. Sir John, bt. of Glenae), 100, 113, 114, 126, 164. Hon, John, 95. , Lieut. John, 128, 154. , Sir Robert, bt., of Glenae, 100, 113. , Ensign Robert, 114, 126, 154. , Genl. Thomas of Binns. See Dalyell. Davidson, Thomas, 151. .William, 28, 147. Defour, John, 151. Dewlie, Mathew, 76. Dick, Capt. Andrew, 70. Dobie, Robert, 22, 147. Douglas, Alexander, 141. Ensign Archibald, 25, 147, 149. , Lt.-Col. Archibald, 151. , Qr.-Mr. Archibald, 136, 142. George (Foot Guards), 148 bis. , George (Lord Dumbarton's Regi- ment), 152. , Lord James, 102. , Sir James, of Kelhead, 135. , Ensign James, 148. , Lt.-Genl. the Hon. James. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 78-87 j Part II., 30, 95, 147, 165 lis, 166. John, of Stonehouse, 167. , Corporal John, 59. Joseph, 18. Marquis of, James Douglas, 99. Hon. Robert, 3. , Ensign Robert, 96. , Thomas (brother to the Laird of Cavers), 113, 130, 154, 155. , Lord William, 135, 136, 142. , Major William, 144. , Adjt. William, 102. , Qr.-Mr. William, 76 bis. , Corporal William, 76. , Cornet William, 136, 142. Drumlanrig, James Douglas, Earl of, 48, 76, 135, 142, 168. Drummond, Major Harry, 57. , Henry, 122, 144, 145. INDEX 197 Drummond — cont. Ensign John, 95. .•.., Hon John, of Lundin, aftds. Earl of Melfort, 21, 36 bis, 42, 43, 47. , Sir John, of Machanie, 99, 163 ten Lieut. William (Ballantyne's Com- pany), 79. , William (Artillery Commissary), 166. , Lt.-Genl. William of Cromlix, aftds. Viscount Strathallan. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 70-77 ; Part II., 44 bis, 46 bis, 48, 57, 163, 165 ; his Pass, 190 ; translation of the Czar Alexis's letter in favour of, 191-2. Dumbarton, George Douglas, 1st Earl of. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 67-69 ; Part II., 165. Dundas, Henry 105, 122. , James, 122, 144, 145. , William, 18 bis, 20. Dundasse. See Dundas. Dundee, John Graham, Viscount of. See Graham of Claverhouse. John Scrymgeour, Earl of, 48, 74. Durie, Robert, 55, 95. Dury, Theodore (Second Engineer), 44, 166. E Eglinton, Alexander Montgomery, Earl of, 10. Elliott, John, 154. Elphinstone, Eichard, of Calderhall, Yr., 99. , Sir Thomas, of Calderhall, 53. Ennerwick, William, 102. Erroll, John Hay, 12th Earl of, 99. Erskine, Sir Charles, of Cambo, bt., 31, 36. , Charles, 159. , George, 31. , John, 37, 114, 162. Farquharson, Charles, 156. Fendraught, Lewis Crichton, 4th Visct., 149. Ferguson, Kobert, 76. Fleming, Hon. Charles (son of the Earl of Wigton), 113, 115, 125. Hon. William (aftds. 6th Earl of Wigton), 36, 83. Fletcher, James, of Cranston, 135, 142. Forester, David, 159. Forrester, James Baillie, Lord, 51. Foules. See Foulis. Foulis, Henry, 100. , James, of Colinton, Yr., 65. Fountain, James, 102. Fountaine. See Fountain. Fraser, William (eldest son to the Master of Saltoun), 114, 129. G Gairdner, James (Gunner), 41. Garioch, David, 144. , William, 115, 154. Gaurden. See Gordon. Gordon, George, 151. , George, 1st Duke of, 163 bis. , James, 65. , John (Lord Dumbarton's Kegt.), 151. , Capt. John (Wauchope's Begt.), 159, 160. , Lieut. John (Do.), 159 lis. , Walter, 102. Graeme, George, 161. Graham, (— ), 159. , David (aftds. 2nd Viscount Dundee), 111, 135 bis, 142. Henry (Wauchope's Eegt.), 159, 160. , Henry (King's Begt. of Horse), 142. , Lieut. James (Wauchope's Begt.), 159. , Lieut. James (Lord James Douglas's Begt.), 102. , Qr.-Mr. James, 110. , John, of Claverhouse (Viscount Dun- dee), Introduction xxiv., 110, 135, 142, 165 bis. John, of Inchbrakie, 104. , Lieut. John, 95, 100. Patrick, of Inchbrakie, 104, 168. , , of do, Yr., 156. , Cornet Eobert, 110. , Eobert, of Morphie, 135, 142. Thomas, 141. , William, 111, 135 lis, 142, 143. Grant, George, 31. , James, 151. , John, 159. Griffith, Henry, 119. Gurden. See Gordon. H Halket, Sir Charles, of Pitfirran, bt., 95. , James (aftds. Sir James), 49, 82. Halton, Laird of. See Hatton. Hamilton, Alexander, 27, 147, 149. Gavin, 159. Lord George (aftds. Earl of Orkney), 151. , George (Dumbarton's Begt.), 151. George (Wauchope's Begt.), 159. , Sir James, of Manor Elieston, 163. , John, 59. , Mathew, 53, 167. ..' , Patrick, 100. , Sir Thomas, of Preston, 50. , Capt. Thomas, 30, 147. , Ensign Thomas, 147. , William Douglas, 3rd Duke of, 48,50- 198 INDEX Hatcher, Henry, 159. Hatton, Laird of. See Maitland, Charles. Hay, Hon. David, 8, 9, 141. , Hon. James, 72. Lieut.-Col. John, of Barro (Elder), 52. , Capt. John (Yr.), 20, 27, 147. , Oornet John, 99. , Lewis, 145. , Patrick, 151. , William, of Aberlady, 26, 147, 149. Haye, James, 102. Hayning-Riddell. See Eiddell. Henderson, James (Earl of Dundee's Troop), 74. , James (Foot Guards), 149. Robert, 95. Heyford, Ant., 119. Holborn, Charles, 159. Holmes, George, 143. Home, ( — ), of Wedderburn, 78. David, of Woolstruther, 110, 135. , George, of Ford, 9, 28, 102, 141. James, 5th Earl of, 110. Hume, George. See supra. Sir James, knt., 78. Patrick, 79. Humes. See Hume. I Ingleis, James, 68. Inglis, ( — ). See Inglis, Peter, Capt. John (Earl of Airlie's Troop), 63. , Capt. John (Scots Dragoons), 22, 105. Peter, 123. Innes, ( — ), 52. .Arthur, 159, 160. , David, 160. James, 122, 144. , Major John, 74. , John (son to the Laird of Innes), 1 1 3, 129. , William, 26, 147. Innis, (— ), 61. Irvine, Christopher, M.D., 3, 5, 15, 53. Irving, Christopher. See Irvine. , James, 122, 144. Johnston, Robert, 53. Johnstone, Sir James, of WesterhaH, 68. , Sir John, bt., 159. Johnstoune, James, 68. Jossie, John, 53. K Keath. See Keith. Keith, John, 53. , Sir John, of Keith's Hall, 53, 72, 99. , Eobert, 27, 147 Us, 149. Capt. William, 72. , Sir William, of Ludquhairn, 111, 135, 143. Kellie, Alexander Erskine, 3rd Earl of, 17, 34. Kennane, Walter, 82, 83. Ker, Lt.-Col., 50, 52. George, 100. , Henry. See Ken'. , James, 141. Patrick, 70. Kerr, Archibald, 159. , Charles, 159. Henry, 95,96. Hon. John (son to the Earl of Lo- thian), 83. Kincardine, Alexander Bruce, 2ndEarl of , 48, 70. King, (-), 114. King, Hans, 74. Kinghorn, Patrick Lyon, 3rd Earl of, 7. Kingston, Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount, 106. Kinnaird, Hon. George (son to Lord Kin- naird), 123. , James, 135, 142. L Lalis, Patrick, 102. Lauder, John, 105, 122. Capt. Lewis, 65. , Lieut. Lewis, 122, 123, 144, 145. Lauderdale, John Maitland, 2nd Earl and Duke of, 31, 35. Law, Lieut. James, 151. , Major, James, 83. , John, 102. Leids, John, 151. Leith, Alexander (Earl of Mar's Best.), 115, 154, 156. Alexander (Earl of Dumbarton's Eegt.), 151. , James, 15. Lennox and Richmond, Charles Fitzroy, Duke of, 37, 39, 162. Charles Stuart, Duke of, 13, 31. Leslie, (— ), 10. Col. Ludovic, 80. Patrick, 76. Leviston. See Livingston. Lewin, John, 95. Lindores, John Leslie, 4th Lord, 68. Lindsay, John, 135, 142. Linlithgow, George Livingston, 3rd Earl. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 29-34, and pp. 43-51 ; Part II., 13, 17, 19, 29, 46 bis. INDEX 199 Livingston, Capt. Alexander, of Beldormie, 24, 26, 37, 162. , Capt. Alexander (aftds. Earl of Calendar), 20, 147. George, Lord, 8, 9, 19, 141. , John, 105, 122, 144, 145. Robert, 161, 152. , William, of Kilsyth, 144. Livingstone, Alexander (Earl of Mar's Begt.), 113. , Alexander (Foot Guards), 27, 147. John, 114, 132,154. Lockhart, James, 95. John, 102. , Sir William, of Lee, 95, 97. Logie, William, of Bogheid, 72. Lorraine, James, 102. Lorrane. See Lorraine. Lothian, John, 29, 147, 149. Londian. See Lothian. Lnmsdain, David, 70. Lnmsden, James, of Monntquhany, 63, 95. Lnndin, The Laird of. See Drummond, John. Lyon, Patrick (son to the Earl of Strathmore), 26, 147. M McAdam, David, 151. Mc Arthur, Alexander, 108. Macdougal, Chris., 114, 130. , William (bro. to Maccarstonn), 95. Maogill, George (bro. to Visct. Oxfurd), 26, 147. Mackarter. See McArthur. Mackay, Mneas, 159. , Hugh, of Scourie, 165. William, 102. McEenzie, Colin (uncle to the Earl of Sea- forth), 115 bis ; 154. Donald, 113, 133. Kenneth, of Suddie, 113, 114, 130, 154. Robert, 155. , Roderick, 142. Mackey. See Mackay. McRaken, James, 151. Madertie, David Drummond, 3rd Lord, 99. Maine, Edmund, 119. William, 30. Maitland, Charles, of Hatton (aftds. 3rd Earl of Lauderdale), 48, 65. , Charles, of Soutra, 35 note 1, 37, 162. , George, of Ecoles, 100, 113. , James, Yr., 20, 21, 27, 29, 147 bis, 148. , James, Elder, 25, 147, 148. , Lewis, 25, 100, 102. Maitland — oont. , Robert (Lt.-Gov. of the Bass), 35. Mar, Charles Erskine, 2lBt Earl of, 31, 113, 125, 154, 162. , John Erskine, 20th Earl of, 13, 31. Marischal, George Keith, 8th Earl, 48, 72. Maule, Col. the Hon. Harry, 51. Maxwell (— ), 159. , Alexander, 100. , Henry, 148. , James, 151. , John, 159. , Robert, 159. Robert, Master of, 68. , Thomas, 165. , Walter, 102, 154. Maxwell of Karrs ( — ), 159. Mayne (or Maine), William, 147. Melville, Patrick, 15. , William, 151. Menteith, Charles, of Randiford, 95. Patrick, 95. Menzies, Duncan, 113, 114, 115, 125, 128, 154 lis, 156. , James, of Culdares, 108 bis. Mercer, James, 18. Middleton, Andrew, of Pitgarvie, 53, 167. , James, 155. John,iEarl of. See Memoirin Part I., pp. 5-10 ; Part II., 31 ; his resignation of his military posts, 174. , Patrick, 18. , Robert, 148. , William, 1631ns. Moncreifi, Alexander, 72. , Sir David, bt., 147. , Hugh, 22, 24. , James, 102. , Sir John, bt., 22. , Walter, 102. Monmouth and Buccleuch, James, Duke of. See Buccleuch and Monmouth. Monro, Alexander, 151. , Andrew, 151. , Sir George of Culcairne, Culrain, and Newmore. See Memoir of in Part I., pp. 35-42 ; Part II., 46 bis, 100. , Hector, 100. , John, 100. Montgomerie. See infra. Montgomery, Alexander, 156. , Alexander, Lord (aftds. 8th Earl of Eglinton), 10. , Hugh, 154. James, 149. , Hon. John, 142 ; his will, 188. William, 95, 96. Montrose, James Graham, 3rd Marquis of, 7, 104 bis. Moray. See Murray. 200 INDEX Moulray. See Moutray. Moutray, James, 151. Mowat, Sir William, 161. Muirhead, Gavin, 95. , Major William of Lachop, 59, 182. Munro. See Monro. Murray ( — ), 160. , Alexander, 61, 62. , Arch., 159. , Lord Charles (aftds. Earl of Dun- more), 122, 144 Us. , Sir Charles, knt., 142*i.s, 168. Charles (Earl of Dumbarton's Kegt.), 151 bis. .Charles (Lord James Douglas's Kegt.), 102. See Murray, Sir Charles. Lord Edward, 148. , George (Earl of Dumbarton's Eegt.), 151. George (bro. to Thomas Murray of Glendoick), 24. George of Pittencreif (bro. to Lord Blibank), 6, 8, 61, 62, 65, 141. , Sir James, 151. , Lord James, 151. Capt. James of Philiphaugh, 113. Lt.-Col. James (Philiphaugh's uncle), 22, 24, 28, 29, 147, 148. , Corporal James, 61. , Capt. James (bro. to Sir David Murray), 122, 144, 145. , Lieut. James, 145 Ms. John (Wauchope's Kegt.), 159. , John (Lord James Douglas's Regt.), 102. , John (Foot Guards), 149. , Hon. Sir Mungo, 3, 4, 5. Sir Mungo, of Tibbermuir, 7, 82 Ms, 187. , Peter, 159. , Capt. Kobert (son of Sir Robert Murray), 27, 147. , Corporal Robert, 68. , Ens. William, 95. , Sir William, bt., of Stanhope, 61, 62. N Naesmyth, James, of Posso, 136, 142. Nairne, Walter, 113. Napier, Archibald, 3rd Baron, 74. , Hon. John, 6. Nasmith. See supra. Newburgh, James Livingston, 1st Earl of, 3, 5. Nisbet, Robert, 115, 154. Ogilvy (or Ogilvie), Sir David of Clova, 63, 99. , George, 63. , Sir Patrick, of Boyne, 100, 113. Patrick, of Murie, 24, 100, 147. .William, 156. Oglethorpe, Theophilus, 119. Oliphant, Laurence, 149. , William, 148. Paterson, Andrew, of DinmuTe, 10. Pearson, Alexander, 151. Perth, James Drummond, 4th Earl of, 37, 162. Preston, David, 102. , John, 102. Q Queensberry, William Douglas, 4th Earl, 1st Marquis and Duke of, 37 bis, 162 bis. R Ramsay, James, 37, 162. , John, 156. Hon. William, 61. , William, Master of, 74. Ramsey, John, 159 Ms. Ratray. See Rattray. Rattray (— ), 18. Lieut.-Col. George, 145. , Cornet George, 145. Richmond, Duke of. See Lennox and Rich- mond. Riddell, Andrew, 159. , John, of Hayning, 100. Robertson, Alan, 159. , William, 151. Ronald, Patrick, 148, 163. Ross, Andrew, 122, 123, 144. Hon. Charles, 142. , GeoTge, 11th Lord, of Hawkhead, 25, 99. , William, 12th Lord, of Hawkhead, 110, 111, 135, 136, 142. , William, Master of Ross. See supra. Rothes, John Leslie, Earl (aftds. Duke) of. See Memoir in Part I., pp. 11-16 ; Part II., p. 10. INDEX 201 ■Rutherford, Adam, 15. .., Andrew, 151 bis. Kuthven, Edward, 8. , Sir Francis, 110, 111, 135. ..., , John, 151. , Patrick, 95. S St. Clare. See Sinclair. Sandford (— ), '162. Sandilands, Alexander, 159. , William, of Hilderstoun, 95. Schlezer. See Slezer. Scott, ( — ), of Ardross, 155. , Andrew, 151. .Charles, 100. ( — ), of Boninstoun, 113. , Francis, 155. , James, 7, 141. , John, 155. , ( — ), in Swanstoun, 113, 134. , Kobert, 65. , Thomas (Earl of Dumbarton's Regt.), 151. Thomas (Earl of Mar's Regt.), 154. Seaton. See Seton. Semple, Pierce, 102. Seton, Alexander, 102. , James (son to Viscount Kingston), 155. ,,.., James, of Touch, 100. John, 96. Sewster, Robert, 96. Sharp, Walter, 115, 154, 156. , William, 114, 131, 154, 155. Sinclair, James, 95, 96. , John, 159. Slezer, John (Chief Engineer and Lieut, of the Artillery), 43 ter, 166. Somerville, Robert, 28, 147. Stevenson, John, 29. Stewart ( — ), 10. , Alexander, 114. , Hon. Archibald. See Stuart. , Francis. See Stuart. , George, 151. , Harry, 45. , James (Lockhart's Regt.), 95. , James (King's Regt. of Horse), 136, 142. Stilt, John, 166. Stirling, Alexander, 102. , James, 100, 114, 115, 125, 154. Strachan, George, 160. , Capt. John, 24, 100, 105, 122, 144. , Lieut. John, 151. Straiton, Alexander, Elder, 113, 127, 154. , (— ), Yr., 115, 154, 156. , Charles, 28, 113, 147. , Henry, 28, 147, 148. , John, 129, 148, 154,155. , Robert, 31 ; his will, 187. Strathallan, William Drummond,lst Viscount. See Drummond, Lieut.-General William of Cromlix. Strathmore, Patrick Bowes, 1st Earl of. See Kinghorn, Earl of. Straton. See Straiton. Stuart, Hon. Arch., 20, 21, 37 bis, 162 his, 163. , Ensign Arch., 21, 147. , Fras., of Coldingham, 106 bit, 122. , James. See StewaTt. Sutherland, Alexander, 102. , David, 147. Thinly, James, 95. Thomson, Sir Alexander, 13, 15 ; his epitaph, 16 ; his widow's will, 184. , Lieut. James, 95. , Sir James, 155. Thralkeld. See Threlkeld. Threlkeld, Isaac, 151. Touch, Laird of. See Seton, James. Touris, Robert, 102. Trotter, William, 113, 126, 154, 155. Turner, Sir James, 13, 15, 17, 122 ; letter from, 175. Tyree (— ), 113. U Urquhart, Adam, of Meldrum, 10, 110, 111, 135. , Alexander, 30, 102. , James, 63, 142. Urrie, Col. William, 13, 15, 17 ; his will, 185. V Vans, Patrick, of Bambarroch, 62. Veitch, Michael, o£ Dawick, 114, 130, 154. w Wachop. See Wauchope. Wallace, John, 155. , Qr.-Mr. William, 82, 83. Sir William, of Craigie, 142. U 202 INDEX Wauchope, Edward, 159. , Fras., 159. , James, 141. , John, 159. Wedderburne, John, of Gosford, 144 bis. Wemyss, James, General of the Artillery. See Introduction, xiii-xiv, Pt. II., 40, 41, 171-3. White, Andrew, 37 big, 113, 128, 162 bis. .William, 115,154. Whiteford, John, 122, 144. Wigton, William Fleming, 5th Earl of, 36 bit, 83. Winchester, Ensign James, 163. , Major James, 163. SVinraham, {or Winram), Alexander, 95, 96, 100, 102. , Lieut.-Col. George, 76, 95, 100, 144, 145, 163, 185. Winraham — cont. , Ensign George, 27, 147. , John, 19, 27, 28, 29, 147, 186. , Samuel, 29, 147. , Thomas, 106 bis, 122 bis, 144,188. Wishart, Patrick, 18. Wood, Andrew, 114, 132, 154. , James, 113, 125, 154, 155. Robert, 155. Young, John, 125. , Robert, 143. [541.— 1/09]