Mhim,«iiioMmmm\imte g£ 0ii fmm QJorttcU Uniueraitg BItbtatg Stifuca, TStttt ^atk FROM THE BENNO LOEWY LIBRARY COLLECTED BY BENNO LOEWY 1854-1919 BEQUEATHED TO CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University Library arV13964 The story of Gautama Buddha and his ere 3 1924 031 246 915 olin.anx The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924031246915 GAUTAMA BUDDHA. LONDON : FEINTED BY SPOTTlSWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE AND PARLIAMENT STREET THE STORY GAUTAMA BUDDHA AND HIS CREED. %n ^nic. RICHARD PHILLIPS. LONDON : LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 1871. PREFACE. The following poem is an attempt at a reasonable narrative of Buddha and Buddhism, looking at these subjects of course from a poetical standpoint. Gadtama Buddha is at present hardly known to any but oriental scholars and literary men. The extravagant absurdities and contemptible puerilities of Buddhist sacred literature have effectually scared all but the most determined from an investigation of this subject; and as a natural conse- quence, 'the Founder of a religion, which, after more than 2,000 years, is still professed by 455,000,000 of human beings,' is ignored, misrepresented, and foolishly despised. The great Ascetic deserves to be better known. Both the attractive beauty of his life, ^and the tremendous influence of his creed, demand for him more attention than either thoughtful persons or even our wise men have hitherto accorded him. As yet vi Preface. we have had Uttle but reviews, essays, and encyclopaedical articles. The literature of Buddhism being most volu- minous, the materials for an extended biography are abundant; but hitherto no oriental scholar has heroically girded himself to the herculean task of writing such a work, and thus endeavouring to separate the real from the legendary and mythical. The poem is based upon a theory ; but nothing short of a full conviction of the soundness of that theory would have led the author to represent Gaiitama as a wilful deceiver, beguiling men to virtue ; and thus by impeaching his moral character, to lessen him in men's eyes. But if his moral character is lowered by this assumption, as undoubtedly it is, it must be allowed, as a slightly compensating fact, that his intellectual status is considerably raised by it. The re- flections scattered through this poem, but more especially the last canto, wiU suffice to show that this is no attempt at an undue exaltation of Buddha, between whom and Christ there is in many particulars so striking a resem- blance ; nor an indiscriminate laudation of that system which is so like Christianity in its ethics, but so unlike to it in its doctrines. Leamington : December, 1871. THE STORY OF GAUTAMA BUDDHA AND HIS CREED. INTROD UCTION. I I AM no chronicler of deeds of blood Wrought by the hands of those who, like a flood, Swept from the Tatar plains, led by the man Who made the Orient quake — great Gengis Khan ; Or him who filled the frighted East with bones. And piled his pyramids of skulls : no groans Of Moslem-slaughtered hosts shall make men curse Such ruthless tyrants, as they read my verse. II I sing not of great heroes who have warr'd, And reapt the harvest of the bitter sword : And yet I mean to tell a wondrous tale Of Asian conquest ; ye shall surely fail To count the captives : they are as the sands Of sea-shores or of deserts, in the lands Of gorgeous temples' and of squalid homes. And ruins, great as Egypt's or as Rome's. The Story of Gautama Buddha. Ill Some men are mighty in their little day, And some are mighty having passed away ; And some are' mighty but in sowing seed : Great in his life, the founder of a creed Is greater far in death ; for then each one Will magnify the deeds that he has done, Esteem all places sacred where he trod, And look upon him as men look on God. IV Of such an one I tell what will not fail To sound as marvellous as an Eastern tale, Yet very pitiful ; and that above The death of heroes, or the woes of love, The moans of dying children, or the fall Of some beleaguered city, when the wall Becomes unmanned thro' famine ; or the hell Of beaten armies that have battled well. V And yet I mean to tell a tale of one Who prospered as none other yet has done. Whose fame is not yet dead, nor shall decay Until the Pyramids be worn away ; For still beneath the calm of orient skies His name is worshipt, and his temples rise : Still on his words do many nations rest, And deem him of all beings first and best. Introduction. 3 VI He was no Titan, tho' with gods he strove, Nor born like Pallas from the head of Jove ; Yet did his coming set the world at strife : No blood-stained conqueror, prodigal of Hfe, And yet a conqueror, and one greater than The son of Philip, or fierce Gengis Khan : No brain-bred hero, red with dragon's gore ; No wise magician skilled in magic lore. VII The glory of his reign has not yet ceast In that great empire in the dreaming East, . Which, like strong lions ravenous for prey, The merchants of young Tarshish bore away. Thou, Ganges, knowest him 1 O worshipt flood. How blest is he that in thy sacred mud At his last hour can lay him down to die. And watch the current and his life go by ! VIII In far-off lands may still be seen his vast And rock-hewn temples, made in times long past ; Now void and silent, save that thro' tiieir halls The ban-dog wanders, and the serpent crawls, Safe from the bruising heel. These once were dim With incense-smoke, and loud with prayer and hymn : And their cool floors, where now the lizards meet. Once warmed beneath the tread of human feet. B 2 The Story of Gautama Buddha. IX I will relate the story of his birth — His words and ways : I will not hide his worth, Nor magnify his sin ; but be as one Who, groping thro' great ruins whence the sun Has very long been banisht, thereamid Lights on some statue that has long lain hid ; And having cleansed it, does not rest till he Has proudly set it where all eyes may see. X And if, restoring what is broken off, I strive to make it perfect, who shall scoff? Or bid me meddle not with the unknown ? Cannot the leamfed from a single bone Describe the being wherein once it grew ? With ampler data, I have hope to do An equal deed; yet if my feet should slide Turn not the current of your wrath aside. A WORD TO THE WISE. ' There was once a king.' O thou that seekest truth ! read on, I sing No idle song, nor linger in the ways Of fruitful dreamland. Fear thou not this phrase, That prefaces old tales more fair than truth To trustful childhood and day-dreaming youth ; And wherein also thou didst take delight Ere thou hadst leam'd to read the world aright. II But now since far and wide thy feet have ranged. And all the fashion of thy world hath changed, And thou with it ; thou canst not any more Find pleasure as of old in that sweet lore Wherein thou once wert wise : except it be To charm therewith the child upon thy knee ; Beholding whose delight, thou wouldst be fain To find thyself a happy child again. 5 The Story of Gautama Buddha. HI But, since thou art too wise to wander hence In search of that famed fountain of Jouvence, Whereof thou heardest in thy vanisht youth, Thou criest out imploringly for truth, And art as one who, rudely tost about In weltering seas unholpen, stretches out His hands for succour in the starless night, And prays unceasingly for land and light. IV And in thy heart perchance is bitterness. That thou for evermore must grope and guess : I am as thou art, and but guess and grope ; Yet seek truth ever, not uncheered by hope Of profit in the end and by the way. I will not lead thee very far astray, If thou wilt let me take thee by the hand ; Fear not this hitherto-untrodden land ! CANTO I. There was once a king; He lived in that far land from whence men bring Sweet-smelling woods, and gums and stones of price ■ There dwell the wondrous birds of Paradise ; There Indus rolls — that grand historic flood, So often purpled with the alien's blood ; And sacred Ganges on its current bears A nation's blessings and a people's prayers. II By name Sudhddan ; of the warrior caste ; This king was monarch of Kapilavast, Which lies beneath the mountains of Nepaul. Albeit his dominions were but small ; For any man might readily essay To walk the boundaries in a single day : And here he flourisht, as the records show, Two thousand and five hundred years ago. The Story of Gaiiiama Buddha in Now it fell out upon a mom that one Brought tidings that his queen had borne a son ; Whereat the monarch was exceeding glad. So, calling to his minister, he bade That great rejoicing should forthwith be made Thro' all his realm ; and costly presents laid In all the temples. Thus the king exprest The grateful feelings of his royal breast. IV So when the minister had made profound Obeisance ; going forth, he sought and found A ready scribe, and bade him write with haste A proclamation, which, when done, he placed Before the king ; who praised his servant's zeal, And sealed the writing with his royal seal : Whereon the heralds of the court began To make the order known, and thus it ran : — V ' Sudhddana, to all in every place Who bow before his mighty sceptre ; grace. Health, and all blessings that the gods bestow. Now when ye look upon this writing, know That in my house is born a son and heir. Now, therefore, make rejoicing, and prepare The dance and song ; so all the world shall see That ye are loyal to my house and me.' and his Creed. VI And as the day began to cool, the king Put on his kingly robes, and bade them bring His royal beast ; and throned thereon in state, He rode with clangour thro' his palace gate, Towards the town, attended by his lords And armed soldiers bearing naked swords : And lo ! the joyous town in all its girth Shook with the sounds of feasting and of mirth. VII Then smiled the king. And when he drew anigh, The people saw him, and began to cry The king ! the king ! and all the town was moved, And rose to greet him ; for he was beloved. Then thro' the streets he rode, and as he went He scattered silver ; so the people rent The air with shouts, and prest him till they trode Upon each other in the crowded road. VIII The circle of the city made, the king Rode homeward to his palace, pondering On what should happen when his child was grown ; How he should live to sit upon his throne ; And reign and prosper, bringing no disgrace Upon the monarchs of the Sakya race ; Extend his kingdom, and when life was done, Bequeath his might and wisdom to his son. lo The Story of Gautama Buddha IX O king, thou errest ; this shall never be ! Thy son shall never fill a throne like thee. Nor be contented with such princely state ; Yet shall he rule great empires, and grow great Beyond thy dreaming ; for throughout the East He shall be honoured more than king or priest; His empire stand when time has overthrown The petty princedom thou dost call thine own. X How rosest thou, O memorable morn ! Upon the day this royal child was born ? Upon thy front was there inscribed no strange And awful sign portending mighty change ? Or didst thou rise in silence and in gloom ; And heavy with the thunder-clouds of doom, And wrath and judgment, to be swiftly hxu-l'd Against the quaking dwellers of the world ? XI Or camest thou from Sinim, whilst the snow Of Himalaya redden'd in thy glow. Serene and passionless, and with no trace Of aught but blessing in thy welcome face ? Prophetic of a better age at hand ; A milder era for a troubled land ; A respite for the hearts then made to bleed Beneath the rigour of a cruel creed ? and his Creed. i v XII Of such-Hke witness there was little need ; Yet, turning to the sacred books, I read That all the heav'ns were filled with roseate light Throughout all space, and ever)rwhere the night Shone as the day ; and all the worlds shook, thrill'd With deep delight ; and all the air was fill'd With odours, whereof ev'n the gods were fain ; And in all worlds there fell a blessfed rain. XIII Afflicted beings gained their long-lost powers ; The earth and sea were carpeted with flowers, And seemed a very garden ; all pain ceast ; The languishers in dungeons were releast ; The hells were all put out ; and, for a space, A heavenly calm fell on each anguisht face. As from their homes of torment, now grown cool, They bless'd the Buddha that was bom to rule. XIV So all without was glad : but wild dismay Was in the room where Mdya-ddvi lay, Surrounded by her women ; weak and wan, As one from whom the heart of life is gone, She spake not to her maids ; nor turned her eyes Upon her child ; nor heeded she its cries ; Nor watcht the dusky forms that moved about. Nor markt the revel that went on without. 12 7!fe Story of Gautama Buddha XV So daylight changed to darkness. Then said one : ' Fear not, O queen, for thou hast borne a son ! And all the land is glad. And now, behold ! Thy lord is gone to sow the streets with gold. And thank the blessed gods. Take heart, O Dove ! This child shall live to pay thee back with love.' But Mdya answered but with sighs, and 1 ay And languisht thus until the seventh day. XVI Then spake she to her women, saying, ' I. Would look upon my son before I die. So in her arms they laid him, weeping sore ; And watcht her hands that slowly wandered o'er His tiny features and along each limb. As if uncertain ; for her eyes grew dim. But not with sleep. Then her embraces waxt More feeble ;. and at length her hold relaxt. XVII And then He entered who is called Maveth Maras, and Thanatos, and Mors, and Death : He comes to all men ; yea, for thee He waits. He passed unchallenged thro' the guarded gates ;. He made no parley at the well-kept doors ; But strode unhindered o'er the marble floors, And came at length into that inner room : Then deeper grew the silence and the gloom. and his Creed, 13 ' XVIII And all was husht and still ; for, like a pall. The terror of his presence fell on all, As, sorrowfully and with bated breath, They whispered to each other, ' This is Death ! ' And shuddered as they spake that awful name. Then He departed even as He came, Uncheckt, unchallenged, thro' the gates ; and then Between the sabres of the armed men. XIX But there rose up behind him sounds of woe And bitter grief; and men went to and fro With garments rent and ashes on the head. And other signs whereby they moum the dead In lands where mourners never hide their grief, And none need blush at sorrow : but in chief. The wailing women, with their purchast tears And hired voices, smote all hearts and ears. XX Thereon the king spake with his other bride (The same was sister to the one that died), And took the child and laid him on her knee. Saying : ' O woman ! if thou lovest me, Look with compassion on this helpless one. And let him be to thee as thine own son ; And be to him a mother ; yea, and prove Thou lackest nothing of a mother's love.' 14 Tlie Story of Gai&tama Buddha xxr So she received, and nurst him as her own : And musing, ' When thou art to manhood grown, Wilt thou repay me for this love and care ? ' Would often look into his face, and there Seek answer ; but such queries always met With such an answer as such always get — Sweet guileless looks, and little arms held out, As if to chide us for the cruel doubt. XXII O happy children, fenced about with love : Kind arms are underneath you, and above Kind faces bend Hke overarching skies, And rain down kisses : ever-watchful eyes Keep guard around lest evil should assail. Too soon the dew of kisses will exhale ! Too soon will ye discover how the dearth Of love can wither up a blooming earth ! XXIII Ye are watcht o'er by those whose quickened sense Makes them a kind of lesser Providence Or guardian angels, fully skilled to read The shghtest signals of yet distant need, And all the languages of cries and looks, And other knowledge never found in books, Nor taught by sages, but which forms a part Of what is graven on a mother's heart. ■ and his Creed. i: XXIV Just as the callow, unfledged birds of spring • Lie warm beneath the parent's sheltering wing, And fear no evil, tho' the boughs be bent With tempests, and the blackened heav'ns be rent ; So, folded in the arms of love, ye rest. Nor fear the falling of your dreamy nest ; But dream by night and day, and know no doubt, Tho' mighty tempests shake the world without. XXV So Gaiitama, as this young prince was called. Soon left his nurse's arms, and rolled and crawled And tumbled round the chambers ; till, ere long. His feet waxt firmer and his hands grew strong ; And he began to go alone, and stand Unaided, and let go the guiding hand ; And grew to notice each new sight and sound. And noted all things tliat went on around. XXVI And then his narrow world began to grow And widen ; and he came at length to know That it was greater than his native town : That men were many, and some seemed cast down And gloomy-featured ; but he knew not why ; For, blest with all a palace could supply, He knew not sorrow ; nor yet understood That all things are not fair, nor all men good. 1 6 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXVII But time, that teaches all men, made him wise ; And thought and reason grew ; and his young eyes Had clearer vision of all things, until He gained the knowledge of both good and ill ; And thereupon knew hope and fear and doubt, And learn'd of that great world that lies without ; And of that world, which, lying past the ken. Is full of mystery for the sons of men. xxvni Full often he would wander up and down The sculptured temples of his native town. Pondering on all things that he heard and saw. But unders.tood not ; and beheld with awe The many-headed, many-handed gods ; And watcht the crowds that sought their cool abodes To bring their offerings of fruits and flowers. And seek the favour of the higher powers. xxix There solemn Brahmans chanted Vedic hymns ; And lean ascetics sat with shrunken limbs, Too deeply pondering on the vanity Of life and of all earthly things to see The awe-struck multitudes that prest them round : While all the time the sacred heifers, crowned With garlands, and untrammelled by the yoke, Pusht unmolested thro' the crowding folk. and his Creed. 17 XXX Now King Sudhodan, willing he should grow Well taught in all things that a prince should know, Sought out grave pundits — ^learnfed men, well-skill'd To teach the knowledge wherewith they were fill'd. These taught him knowledge j and their eyes grew bright As they beheld him list'ning with delight, Wliile day by day from out their ample store They drew the treasures of old Indian lore. XXXI Nor did they fail to note his eager looks Wliene'er they taught him from the sacred books. Or told him of the gods that dwell on high, Or of the hells wherein the wicked lie, Or of some saint that fasted, and prevailed. And heapt up merit, till the strong gods quailed Before him, and were fain to do his will, And owned his might upon the sacred hill. XXXII They told him how their sires had wandered forth, A shepherd people, from the west and north, And pitcht their tents beside the sacred flood : And how they found the land exceeding good. And smote and drove its former dwellers out, Or made them serfs and bondmen ; and about The land they left, when they went forth' to iind New pastures, and of those who stay'd behind, c 1 8 The Story of Gautama Buddha xxxni They stirred his heart within him as they taught What deeds the peoples of his race had wrought, Each fighting each, or all the common foe : They told of kings and heroes, who although They then had long been dead, yet still prolong Their days on earth in some heroic song ; And some of whom now hold an honoured place Among the gods of their degenerate race. XXXIV And many other things were learnt by him Whereof the knowledge now has waxen dim, Or faded wholly from the minds of men ; Albeit what we teach our youth was then But little thought of : men cared not to roam, And those who might have travelled stayed at home. And seemed contented with their simple lore. Yet their sires left them but a meagre store. XXXV High mountains, white with never-melted snow, Loomed in the distance ; but few cared to know What nations dwelt — what people lived and died — And how the world went, onthe further side. The fisher hugged the shore, and fearfully Men gazed across the dread and unknown sea ; While east and west the jealous nations stood. And eyed each other in no friendly mood. and his Creed. 19 XXXVI Now all their teaching was an easy task ; For when sometimes the prince would gravely ask Them something which they knew not, they essayed To make such answer as is always made When men know nothing, yet would fain conceal The want of knowledge they dare not reveal, Lest, peradventure, they appear less wise Than they were wont to, in the asker's eyes. So lived the prince ; and if report speaks truth. He grew to be a fair and goodly youth, And failed in nothing that a prince should be. Albeit all the Court perceived that he Was of a meditative mind, and prone To wander by himself, and sit alone ; And those who eyed him carefully could trace A shade of sadness in his thoughtful face. And when the duties of the day were done, And men sought rest and ease, and sire and son Sat down together, whiling time away With talk upon the matters of the day, The king would turn him to the prince, and ask About the matters of his daily task, And how the pundits taught him ; whereto he Made fitting answer, as the case might be. c 'i. 20 The Story of Gai'itama Buddha XXXIX And Gatitama would also, in his turn, Ask him of somewhat that he fain would learn. Of life or death, or of the life beyond ; AVhereto the king would laughingly respond : ' O little pundit ! very much I fear, Unless thou changest, thou wilt turn fakeer, And, lean and naked, roam and beg thy food, Or fast and famish in some savage wood/ XL But sometimes he would answer with a frown : ' O prince ! thy head is destined for a crown, And thou shalt sit upon a throne, and hold \A'ithin thy hand a sceptre made of gold. And sit as judge dispensing life and death. Attend thou, then, to what the Veda saith. And what the Brahmans teach thee, for such things Are surely fitting to be known by kings : XLI ' But leave such things, whereof thou askest now. To monks and priests, and all who make a vow To waste this life in dreaming of the next. A\'hy suffer thy young spirit to be vext With fancies, which, if I am not deceived, Bring little profit ? ' for the king was grieved To see the child so pensive, and to find That such grave matters filled his youthful mind. and his Creed. 2 1 XLII And as he mused thereon, within his heart He said : ' Full well these Brahmans play their part. These men, I know, are zealous for the truth, Or what they call such ; and they fill the youth With priestly fables and unwholesome dreams. Go to ! but I will thwart their cunning schemes. For well I know whereto their teachings tend. And what they look for in the hoped-for end.' XLIII So he dismissed those pundits, and assign'd Their task to men according to his mind, And kept the lad from such as might have fed And fostered what he did not cease to dread, And noted those of whom he stood in doubt. Instead of these, he compassed him about With gay companions — youths of noble birth — All merry fellows, full of life and mirth. XLIV The king moreover, seeing that the lad. In spite of all his sombre fancies, had A prudent and an understanding heart. Instructed him betimes to take his part In courtly pageants and in state affairs ; And thought, by such like joyaunces and cares. To win him gently from the dang'rous way Wherein his feet too long had gone astray. 22 The Story of Gautama Buadha XLV But all his efforts were of no avail, Else here had been the ending of my tale, Or rather it had never been begun. Time brought no change ; for still his thoughts would run Beyond the happiness wherewith he found The kindly gods had girt his life around. To wander thro' the earth, and meditate Upon the miseries of man's estate. XL VI Yet lackt he nothing wherein youth delights : The days were filled with pleasures, and the nights Renewed his vigour with untroubled rest ; Nor lackt the Court in fitting mirth and jest ; Nor lackt he change ; for often he would ride About the country at his father's side. Or mid the orchards and the lakes and flow'rs Of the king's gardens play away the hours. XLVII These gardens lay outside the town, and far From all such sights and noises as might mar The peace of those who walkt therein, and all Around about was built a mighty wall Too high for any beast to climb or leap : Moreover, men were set therein to keep And tend them duly at the king's expense. Herein were gathered all the joys of sense ; and his Creed. 23 XLVIII For here were fields of flowers, whose gorgeous dyes Smote dazzlingly upon the gazer's eyes ; The air was noisy with the plundering bees, And faint with odours, and the languid breeze. Passing beyond the bounds of that fair place, Would cause the passer-by to slack his pace, And curse the wall, that from his longing sight Shut out the vision of so much delight XLIX And in the midst, and all along the wall. Were trees and shrubs and creepers, whereon all The luscious fruits that Eastern lands produce Made haste to ripen for the royal use. And here were lakes, fed by clear-running rills That had their birthplace in the distant hills ; While trees, whose roots drank deeply from each pool, With grateful branches kept the water cool. L And trees were there, whose twisted branches made For all beneath a paradise of shade, A welcome refuge from the dreaded sun. Here might one sleep until the day was done. Then wake besprinkled with the petals shed From off the boughs that blossomed overhead. And hear the birds call, or with dreamy eyes, Behold the sun set or the moon arise. 24 The Story of Gailtama Buddha LI Long ages past, for luxury and ease King Solomon made gardens such as these, And sought therein for pleasure, but he err'd. In such, relying on the prophet's word, The Moslem looks to dwell when he shall die ; And such the traveller, as he passes by, His feet sore-wounded' by the burning clods, Counts worthy to be dwellings of the gods. and his Creed. 25 CANTO 11. I The king, perceiving how the matter went, Was grieved exceedingly, but still intent On thwarting what some folks would designate The will of heaven, or the prince's fate. Not so, be sure, Sudhddan understood The matter, for he sought the prince's good ; Not doubting that his son had gone astray, Thro' lack of wisdom, from true wisdom's way. II And if ye ask me, ' Wherefore should the king Have deemed this habit such an evil thing. And tried so zealously to check its growth With little profit and much pain to both ? ' Know ye, that in those days, and in that land. When any brooded on the future, and Perceived the utter vanity of life. And grew aweary of its evil strife. 26 The Story of Gautama Buddfia III It was their custom to withdraw from all The bonds and ties that held their souls in thrall, And spend their days in poverty, and live Upon such alms as kindly folk might give j That undistracted they might meditate On life and death and on the future state. And pass their time in fastings and in prayers, And careful tending of the soul's affairs. IV But some of these, who had at heart to gain Unwonted merit by unwonted pain. And sighed for greater sanctity, imbued With pious fervour, sought the solitude Of forests, where but rarely man appeared To mind them of the world they shunn'd and feared. Because of all the vanity and sin And deep delusion that abode therein. V And here they dwelt, free from all worldly cares ; By fasts and cruel penances and prayers And meditations, striving to unmesh Their spirits from the longings of the flesh. And wean them from the hurtful influence Of all the empty shows of time and sense ; And wanted nothing, having for their use Such food and clothing as the woods produce. and his Creed. 27 And this they reckoned was a quicker way Of reaching what they sighed for night and day — Exemption from the burden of desire, And all the ills of being, and entire Deliverance from evil ; for they felt Existence burdensome, and lookt to melt Into the Deity, and merge their whole Existence in the Universal Soul. VII For in those days and lands this was the creed Wherein men trusted — whereto they agreed : Of Brahm, the source of all things and the end, All souls formed part, and were ordained to blend With him in happy union at the last ; Meanwhile, for ages numberless, they passed Thro' every form of being — from the clods That vile feet trode on up to mighty gods. VIII On this men brooded till they grew to feel Existence, like an ever-turning wheel, Brought endless change, but never any rest; For even when their lives seemed at the best, The sins committed in some former state, But long-forgotten, might but be in wait To spring upon them. Where could they find peace, When death itself could bring them no release ? 28 The Story of Gautama Buddha rx Nor was this tendency at all confin'd To men of wicked lives, who had a mind Thus to atone for their impiety, Nor yet to age or men of low degree : The pure, the young, the wealthy and the great, All sought admission to this holy state. Nor was it such a strange unheard-of thing To find the fashion set them by a king. X No marvel, therefore, that the king, who knew All this and more, saw with no friendly view The prince's pensive manner. Soon or late He feared tlie youth would quit his high estate, Renounce his caste, and take the beggar's bowl, And seek thereby to gain the wisht-for goal Of his desires, and win some dreamed-of good : All this he augured from his present mood. XI Full sixteen years had fled in smoothest flight Since Gaiitama first lookt upon the light : Sweet childhood had gone by, and now behold A subtle change — youth hasting to unfold, And blossom into manhood. He began To feel the hopes and passions of a man ; To count up all that might be lost and won, And dream of great things that might yet be done. and his Creed. His thoughts, moreover, took a wider range, A deeper depth, but never any change. Then mused the king : ' Go to ! thou shalt be wed, And that, perchance, will clear thy foolish head Of all this foUy. Children's feeble hands Shall prove to be more strong than iron bands ; And these shall bind thee to the things of earth, Which thou misdeemest to be little worth.' XIII And so from thenceforth he lookt round to find Some lovely princess, and one well design'd To win Siddhirtha from his wandering ; And chose the daughter of a neighbouring king, The fair Yasodhar^, whose beauty stirr'd The hearts of princes, and who oft had heard The sighings of rejected kings and seen Their wistful glances and their woeful mien. XIV So he sought for her hand. Now when her sire, King Supra Buddha, knew of his desire. He was right joyful, for his wishes ran Towards alliance with the Sdkya clan ; But set his features, so that no man learned The secret feelings of his mind, and turned Towards the messengers who stood anigh, And waited doubtingly for his reply, 30 • The Story of Gautama Buddha XV With doubtful answer, such as would suffice To keep them hopeful : he would take advice Upon the matter, as he stood in doubt Of certain rumours that were noised about : So with this answer they rode back ; but he Called friends and kinsfolk, that this thing might be Discussed and settled ; and when duly prest, Each gave such counsel as he reckoned best XVI The first SudhtSdan summoned, answered r ' Since Thou askest my opinion of the prince, I needs must tell thee that report affirms His great demerit in no doubtful terms. Men say the youth, tho' sensible and kind, Is of a dull and melancholy mind. And lacks a manly spirit ; and in short Adds little lustre to his father's Court. xvn ' Wherefore, my counsel is, that such an one Is not well suited to be made thy son.' Thereat a murmur of assent went round. And all awhile were silent, then one found A voice, and said : ' O king ! the prince in truth Appears a worthy and right noble youth, But far too thoughtful ; and I am afraid, Too sad a countenance to please a maid. and his Creed. . 31 ' Yet if he wed thy daughter, we may find That she may win him to a happier mind.' Then one put in this word : ' The king, I hope, Cares not for sons-in-law that pine and mope, And if he be a youth, condemned by fate To be unsocial and effeminate ; Reject him kindly. But who knows ? ere now, The best of men have worn a moody brow.' XIX Then said another : ' I myself have had Some dealings with the prince. I know the lad Is learned in the Vedas ; and he looks Like one who loves to fill his head with books. And ponders more than others of his age, And yet, if he be tempted to engage In other matters, in his face I read Somewhat that tells me that he would succeed. ' This lack of spirit that ye take so ill May be assumed.' So they talkt on until One spoke and said : ' About a moon from hence Ye hold a festival to evidence Your gratitude for Ddvadatta's birth ; Whereat, besides such feasting and ripe mirth As all may share in, if report speaks truth. Ye meditate some sports wherein our youth 3 2 The Story of Gautama Buddha ' May prove to all their strength and skill, and show What they are made of : now, if this be so, Invite the young prince hither, on pretence That ye would fain have more intelligence Of him, and of his ways ; and when he tries Among his fellows to bear off the prize, Then watch him closely, so that ye may see What sort of person he is like to be. XXII ' And if he act in all things like a man, And take and keep his footing in the van, Among the foremost, well ; if not, with shame Let him go empty back from whence he came. This is my counsel, sire.' Then all and each Bare witness to the wisdom of his speech; So this the king agreed to do, and pray'd That preparation should forthwith be made. XXIII Now when the messenger arrived, and brought Sudhodan tidings how his master sought Their presence at tlie feast, that monarch sent Back courteous answer : Since the king was bent On heaping favours on himself and son, His will, obeyed in all else, should be done In this thing also ; and both should be found Among the guests whenas the time came round. and his Creed. 33 XXIV • Then finding out his son, who sat alone Intent upon his books, the king made known The message and his answer, adding : ' Son, I pray thee for a time at least to shun Thy books and studies, and to give thy mind To other matters, wherein thou wilt find More profit. Well thou khowest of what sort The games will be at Supra Buddha's court. XXV ' Now if thou lovest me, arise and make Due preparation that thou mayest take Thy part in these : yea and now see to it Thou bear thee manfully, and come no whit Behind thy fellows ; why should I alone Of all the kings be sad, and blush to own My fatherhood ? or thou with envious eyes Behold a meaner bear away the prize ? ' No fear that men mistake thee for a churl ; Yet some may take thee for a tender girl Unless thou mendest. Thou but lackest will. I seek thy welfare : do not take it ill That I thus chide thee ! If the truth be told Thou mayest win a better prize than gold.' With such hke words and many more he tried To rouse the prince's chivalry and pride ; D 34 The Story of Gautama Btiddha XXVII And prospered well, for in tlie end the prince Rolled up his littered books and answered, since His father wisht it, he would do his best To prove himself a not unhonoured guest : And then began with zeal, for time was short. To exercise and practise, in such sort That people marvelled at his altered mood, But deemed the changes wholesome one and good. XXVIII And now, if any in his secret mind Think of this prince as dull, and so inclined To sombre studies, as to be unfit For manly exercise and courtly wit ; Of gloomy aspect, fitted to repel Warm friendship ; and not likely to excel, If even he were tempted to engage In pastimes proper to his rank and age ; XXIX He errs ; and I have failed to tell, or he To read, this tale aright. As all could see, The prince, tho' often of a pensive mood. And prone to ponder more than men thought good In one so young, was very seldom loth To prove his strength and skill (for he had both) In manly pastime and in daring sport. Or mix in matters of a merry sort. and his Creed. 35 XXX And if he sometimes had no heart for such, It was because he brooded' overmuch On matters whereto youth gives Kttle heed ; And not from want of spirit For indeed, No sickly frame had doomed that he should find Life bitter, or had crampt and soured his mind, And made him doubt if anything was fair, And hate the pleasures which he could not share. xxxr As healthy souls, that draw untroubled breath, Are saddened most at thoughts of coming death, For loving life most, they most fear its loss, And tremble as the Shadow sweeps across The sunny pastures of the joyful earth ; So was it with the prince, who knew no dearth Of that which makes men fall in love with life, Tho' it be dasht with sorrow and hard strife. XXXI I Now when the day came whereof ye have heard ; Not unforgetful of his kinsman's word. King Supra Buddha, as the guests arrived And took their seats about the hall, contrived To set Siddh^rtha in a forward place, Where he might note him well, and scan his face. And try by careful scrutiny to win Some knowledge of the mind concealed within. i>2 36 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIII But on the second day, before the sun Rose high in heav'n, and ere the games begun, With noise and tumult all the guests made haste To find their places ; and the athletes paced About in groups, or went alone, intent On their own thoughts ; and some made merriment Of one another's hopes and fears, while some Lookt fearfully to see the judges come. XXXIV And from the waiting multitude arose An endless and tumultuous noise, as those Who recognised their friends would point them out, Or criticise the youths that strode about, Predicting who would lose and who would win, As knowing well, before it should begin, How all would go. And tliere among the rest, Sat King Sudhddan, as an honour'd guest. XXXV Beside the king he sat, and lookt cast down For fear his son should fail to win renown. Yet, when he saw him standing tall and strong Among the rest, would think, ' I do him wrong ; He will maintain the honour of our clan.' And so alternately his feeUngs ran From hope to fear ; yet ever he essay'd To look as one who feels no whit afiaid. and his Creed. 37 XXXVI ' But Gaiitama awaited with the rest The judges' coming, giving jest for jest ; And when one feigned that there was little hope ■For common mortals, when they had to cope With such as he, he answered, feigning ruth : ' When we run in the race, O modest youth, I foremost, and thou panting on my track, Be not discouraged, for I will hang back, XXXVII ' And lose in order that thou mayest win. Go home, thou girl, and help the women spin ; Or work the hangings for thy mother's bed.' But ere the laughter ceast another said : ' It seems to me, prince, that thou lookest pale. He has been fasting, friends, lest he should fail In winning. So we strive against great odds, He win no doubt be succoured by the gods.' XXXVIII ' Yea,' said one gravely, winking at his mates, ' We godless youths, who do not vex our pates With pious duties, have no hope, but must Behold the prizes handed to the just. For strength is much, but piety is more.' But he, ' Poor penitent ! thou grievest sore ; Thou moralisest well for one so young And one so wicked. Hold thy prating tongue.' 38 The Story of Gaitama Buddha XXXIX Then rose a cry, ' Behold ! the judges come ! ' So all rusht to their places ; and the hum Ceast wholly ; and the hearts of all beat fast With expectation as the judges past Right through their midst, and sat down on their thrones ; And rising presently, in solemn tones Read out the rules — showed what there was to win — And bade the contest should at once begin. XL But how they raced and wrestled on that day. And on the next ; and in what other way They proved their prowess, winning men's applause ; There is no need that I should tell, because Ye know full well how such like things are done, And maybe once loved such, which now ye shun, Because of eld ; or from a graver mind; Or that Dame Fortune showed herself unkind. XLI So tho' ye praise the best, ye cannot choose But feel some sympathy with those who lose, Albeit such are hard to cheer. But now Ye wish to know of Gaiitama, and how He prospered : know ye then and understand That in all things whereto he set his hand He wrought right manfully, nor fail'd to win. So that all marvelled, even his own kin. and his Creed. 39 XLII For whether he ran in the headlong race ; Or clutcht his fellow in a rough embrace ; Or hurled the mighty stone ; or threw the dart ; Or cast the spear ; or played the archer's part ; Or swung the weighted clubs ; or bore the load ; Or yet recited some heroic ode ; Or exercised himself in other ways, He never failed to win the people's praise. XLIII Moreover men relate how that he drew A bow like that wherewith Ulysses slew The suitors ; for when others failed to bend The stubborn wood, or drawing, in the end Beheld their shafts fall, having feebly sped, He drew the barbfed arrow to the head, And sent it hissing far beyond their gaze. So he wrought mightily in those two days ; XLIV And proved the folly of his father's fears. And made his praises ring in all men's ears, Till Supra Buddha loved his future son ; For he had proved he was not such an one As he imagined or as some supposed. So with a festival the day was closed, And the poor losers for a time at least Forgot their sorrows in the mirthful feast. 40 The Story of Gai'itama Buddha XLV And after they had feasted many days, The feast broke up ; and all men went their ways, To live or languish as they erst had done. But King Sudhddan lingered, for his son Had been accepted, and they now exchanged The customary pledges, and arranged The date and dowry ; and with much ado They settled all things that pertained tliereto. XLVI And as they planned it so it came about. The prince was wedded in due course ; 'no'doubt,' The records tell us, ' much against his will.' Believe them not, they surely err : yet still If so it was, youth grieves not long time, where The bride tho' dark is comely and doth bear A mind whose beauty glads the inner sight, And a fair body fashioned for delight. and his Creed. 41 CANTO III. I O BEAUTIFUL the bride was, tho' the sun Had lookt upon her : her free feet had run The flowery meads : the lusty winds had play'd Thro' her dark tresses loosened from the braid, And blown her raiment round her dusky limbs. Her maids, the servants of her wants and whims, Followed her as the wood-nymphs long ago Followed the Lady of the Silver Bow. II And she had climbed the hills ; and in her heat And weariness feared not to dip her feet Within the brooks ; and, bare and unabasht. Sat by the streamside with her maids, or dasht With shouts and laughter down into the flood : And had some beauty-loving Greek but stood And seen from far, he had not failed to deem They were the sportive naiads of that stream. 42 The Story of Gautama Buddha III But Alexander's Greeks were yet to be ', And other men came not anigh to see, For maiden-sentinels wateht round that place. So she grew healthfully, and waxt in grace And comeliness : yet not in these alone, But in all knowledge that might then be known ; For she was taught in all the lore that then Passed for right knowledge with the sons of men. IV And young men praised her comely face and form ; And old men praised her kindly heart and warm, And calm and thoughtful looks. Now this was ere The jealous Moslem taught them to beware Of women ; and to keep them jealously Where none might see them, and where they might see None but their nearest kin ; lest some adept Should steal the treasure so unduly kept. V Whereby it haps that mind and body both Grow sickly, and attain not their full growth : One shows itself beneath the vacant stare ; One pines for contact with the sun and air ; And their brief beauty will not long time hold ; Contempt soon rises and man's love grows cold. So they become as toys wherewith they play Who are but children of a longer day : and his Creed. 43 VI And in a little time are cast aside Into some darkened comer there to bide, Until their worthless lives run out unwept ; Then the poor prisoner so securely kept Goes forth for ever from her gilded gaol. But get thee to the telling of thy tale : Leave grey-beard Folly, and its fruit alone. Shall not a man be master of his own ? VII Now loved by one who, tho' the gift be rare, Had more than comeliness to make her fair, And more than smiles or words to prove her kind, The prince Siddh£rtha gat a cheerful mind. Seen thro' the gladness wherewith he was glad Life seemed not half so vain or half so sad As he had deemed it erst ; nay, for a space The whole world seemed to wear another face. VIII For when Yasddhari the princess came To know the grief he buried, not from shame But that he feared she might misdoubt his love (For even her sweetness could not always move His mind to gladness, or her arms attract), She set herself with all a woman's tact To soothe his grief or haply bear a part And lessen thus the burden on his heart. 44 The Story of GaAtama Buddha IX It happened — but O friend, if what I tell Here or elsewhere concerning what befell The prince Siddhdrtha, in thy seeming should Not savour much of truth or likelihood ; Cast not the book down ; rise not from thy seat To other matters, deeming it unmeet To pass an hour herewith ; read on and gain No little profit with but little pain. X Say to thyself that in a loving mood, And zealous for the honour of the Boodh, Some ancient monk who heard hereof, gave heed To write this record that all men might read, And follow him whom he himself ador'd. Even the great Incomparable Lord, The guide to that fair city where is peace, Whose matchless glory he would fain increase. XI And scorn him not from whom this record came ; He may have erred, but thou hast done the same : For whom thou honourest thou dost set on high; And whom thou lovest thou dost magnify. He surely was not first, nor wilt thou be The last to err from over-love : dost see Thou art not better than thy kind or worse, And they err not the most who err in verse. and his Creed. 45 XII It happened then upon a certain day That Gaiitama would see his park that lay- East of the town, and went in princely state. And as he drew anigh the eastern gate, He lookt across the shoulders of the crowd And saw far off a man whosfe back seemed bow'd As one who toils beneath a weary load Or stoops to search for somewhat in the road. XIII But when he lookt again right on before He saw the man, and noted that he bore None other burden saving that of years : Right in their path he crept for his dull ears Gave him no warning that men drew anigh Till they were close upon him ; then a cry Rose from his lips, and tremblingly he made Towards the roadside, like a child afraid. XIV And surely now the men had not been slow To thrust him on one side, yea and bestow A curse upon the slowness of his feet. That kept them biding in the growing heat. And left him gasping his poor strength all spent ; Had not the prince, perceiving their intent, ^ And taking pity on the old man, cried, ' Stay ye until the man has pass'd aside.' 46 The Story of Gautama Buddha XV Whereat the runners grumbling, slack their pace. Again the prince cried : ' Bide ye here a space,' And rest you while I speak with this old man : Now lead him hither, yea, and if ye can, Be gentle, for I know your hands are rough : Have not the gods afflicted him enough ? The load is heavy ; add ye not thereto.' So what he bade them they made haste to do. XVI Then painfully that ancient man drew near To where the prince was, and like one in fear He gazed around him with a troubled look. Now as he stood before the prince he shook For very eld and could in no wise stand Upright or still ; but held within his hand A staff to steady his uncertain gait. And thereupon he leaned his weary weight. XVII His coarse and scant apparel failed 1o hide His ghastly leanness ; for on either side Each rib stood plainly out as in the dead What time men perish for the lack of bread And lie unburied in the public ways ; And shrunken were the arms that in past days Were strong to labour ; and the tight-drawn skin About his joints show'd the white bones within. and his Creed. 47 XVIII His eyes deep-sunk within his bowed bald head, Seemed turned to water, while the lids were red And rheumy. And his voice was thin and weak And tremulous, and when he strove to speak Across his toothless gums the weak sounds died Ere men could catch them. High on either side The cheek-bones rose ; and with its ghostly grin The death's-head lookt out from the shrunken skin. XIX Now it may be that Gadtama had ne'er Beheld his like ; because the king, aware Of what he brooded on, had kept him well From all such things as might too plainly tell Of coming death, and of that hastening day. When all a man's joys having passed away. Even with the power to taste of them, he ends By being a burden to himself and friends. XX And maybe, as he stood to gaze on such Ripe wretchedness, he thought that he too much Had drawn his knowledge of such things from books. Howe'er it be, long time with wondering looks. And like a man sore troubled and amazed. Upon that uncouth, withered form he gazed ; And seeing that he shook as if with fear, Thus gently bade him be of better cheer : 48 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXI ' Fear not, old man : see here is gold whereby Thou mayest get some pleasure ere thou die ; And surely now thou hast not long to wait. Who art thou, man ? for men might deem thee mate To Death and Famine : but fuU well I wis Some sore disease hath brought thee down to this. For once thou stoodest straight amongst thy peers. Say what may be the sum of all thy years ? ' XXII With childish awe he gazed upon the coins, Then from the tattered cloth about his loins He pluckt a rag ; and therein, fold on fold. With nervous haste, he hid away his gold That none might see it. Then he spake in tones That trembled to the trembling of his bones ; But needed some interpreter to teach One half the matter of his broken speech. XXIII Then answered one of those who stood anear : ' O prince, he quakes from age and not from fear Of thee or us : nay now his heart is light : No plague hath dulled his ears or dimmed his sight : No wasting sickness and no evil sore Hath made of him the sight that men abhor ; For looks he not as do the famisht dead ? ' Yet well I know he does not lack for bread. and his Creed, 49 XXIV ' O prince, I He not, tho' thou deem it strange That years alone should bring about this change : But this is what all travel to from birth ; A sorry end, methinks, to all our mirth. I would die earlier on the road, well-sped And well-attended.' Then Siddhdrtha said : ' Pass on who cares to, but to-day I lack The heart for pleasure and will turn me back.' XXV Then heeding nought of sullen look or frown. The prince rode slowly back towards the town, Nor noted how his men were marvelling At his behest, and that so small a thing Should mar so much his lalcly joyous mood. For pondering gloomily he nurst the brood Of bitter thoughts that joyless Eld ere long Should smite the glory of the fair and strong. ' O once firm building fallen now to waste 1 How are the carven capitals defaced ! The wings on either side are tottering now ; Yea the strong pillars of the building bow ; And all the lights thereof are waxen dim ! Yea,' said the prince, ' and like some withered limb. That dead, still bides upon the parent tree Tho' ripe for falling, even so is he.' 50 The Story of Gatitama Buddha XXVII Again it happeri'd that in fair array Young Gaiitama upon a certain day- Went to his park, but by the southern road. The sun, long risen o'er the hill-tops, show'd That day was drawing to the sultry noon : Wherefore they hasted thro' the town and soon Passed thro' the gates, and felt their faces fann'd By winds that savoured of the open land. XXVIII Folk stood to watch them, but they gave no heed But hurried onward, and for greater speed Each held his peace as mindful of the way That lay before, and of the growing day. Then suddenly, and in heart-riving tones, A voice called out, and thereon followed groans As of a sinner drawing nigh to death ; Whereon Siddhdrtha, as the legend saith, XXIX Lookt from his chariot, and then beheld A man laid by the wayside ; and impell'd Thereto by pity, and desire to know The cause of that exceeding bitter woe, He bade them stay the car that he might see. Then did he look upon such misery And loathsomeness as made him think that mirth And laughter should be banisht from the earth. and his Creed. 51 XXX Before him stxetcht upon the grass one lay Whom wasting sickness had so worn away That all the flesh from off his bones seemed gone : Yet what was left thereof was fed upon By loathsome parasites, and flies and scores Of ulcerous wounds, and ever-running sores ; From whence an odour that no man would dare To linger in polluted all the air. XXXI Opprest with more than mortal pains and fears, He groaned and cried so that men stopt their ears For very horror. By wife, child, or friend, He lay unholpen, drawing near his end j Afraid to die, and yet at point of death : And never ceast, but as he failed for breath, To pray the mighty gods to let him live. Or cry for succour that no man could give. XXXII But when he cried for water, and none durst Go near to give him what would slake his thirst, Siddhdrtha ran unto his side and took The empty jar, and filled it from the brook That ran hard by, and set it near his head : Then painfully the sick man turned and said, ' The gods reward thee, youth ! and for thy meed Leave thee not helpless in thy sorest need ! ' E 2 5 2 The Story of Gautama Buddha xxxui a Then set his hot lips to the jar and drank : But Gautama, made mindful of the rank Unwholesome air, drew back to where his folk Stood gazing on astonisht. Then outspoke One man more thoughtful than the rest and said : ' Good were it for this man if he were dead ! ' ' Yea,' sneered his mate, ' a litde earth would then Hide all his foulness from the eyes of men.' XXXIV But one more worthy than the others turned Towards the prince and said : ' Now have I learned The utmost men can suffer and live on. Yea cling to life tho' all its joys are gone. Pain is the lot of aU ; yet all I wis Attain not such a cursed end as this : Yet who can say that soon we may not pine In such a state, poor dying wretch, as thine ? ' XXXV Then Gautama sighed deeply, whereupon The man again spake : ' Let us now begone, Lest haply he should die before our eyes. The sun grows hot ; and long ere morning dies They look to greet thee at the garden gates.' But as a child proposing to his mates Some playful scheme, so now the man appeared At this last speech. At length the prince upreared and his Creed. 53 XXXVI His downcast head and answered him : ' I trow It will be long before I care to go To those fair gardens. Send ye one to say : " Look not to see the prince's face to-day ! " Now palace-ward ! Yet note his beard and hair. These prove him young, and once he too was fair Perchance, and fashioned in a manly mould. O evermore shall I that fece behold ! ' Another time, the prince in search of rest, Rode to his park that lay towards the west ; And passing thro' the gates beheld a crowd, Wherefrom rose doleful voices wailing loud ; Whereat he gazed and wondered much, for then He knew but little of the ways of men ; And calling to a man these words he spake : ' What means this tumult that the people make ? ' XXXVIII Then soberly the man lookt up and said : ' Fair prince, they weep because a man is dead ; And now they bear him to his grave hard by. May it be long before thou come to die, Because we know thou hast a kindly heart.' Then presently the people drew apart, And gazing thro' them, with a strange new fear, He saw the dead man stretcht upon the bier. 54 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIX And thro' the winding sheet his eyes could trace The ghastly outline of the still, set face ; The rigid arms, and cold unheaving breast ; And weary feet stretcht out in their last rest. And all the time the wailing rose and fell. Then said a servant whom the prince loved well : ' Behold the goal which all must reach one day. However long they tarry on the way.' XL ' Shall I find pleasure now within the tsowerS Of the king's gardens ? nay, the very flowers Would smell of death, and every mound and cave Would mind me of the foul all-grasping grave. Nay,' cried the prince, 'turn back, for what have I To do with pleasure who perchance may die Before another sunrise, yea and be As dumb and stiff and still and cold as he ? ' XLI And once again whenas the prince rode forth Towards the park that lay upon the north, A strange thing happed ; and thus it came to pass The prince's men were pushing thro' the mass Of busy folk, and as the press was great. They drew but slowly to the northern gate ; And Prince Siddhdrtha lookt out from between The parted curtains of his palankeen, and his Creed. 55 XLII Or from his chariot ; and saw ere long A grave ascetic passing thro' the throng. Beneath his arm he bore a bowl, but had None other burden ; and went meanly clad, With sober countenance and eyes cast down. No light fools-laughter, no unwholesome frown, E'er marr'd the tranquil aspect of his face ; Nor did he lift his eyes, nor slack his pace, XLIII To look on aught, or note what any said ; Unheeded and unheeding, on he sped. But ere he vanisht, Prince Siddhirtha cried Unto a servant walking at his side : ' Dost see that man ? methinks he knoweth peace.' ' Yea, prince,' he said, ' and may the god s increase The same to him, and all who like him try To fit themselves for death before they die. XLIV ' ' Shall I now run and ask him to bestow His blessing on thee ? for, prince, thou must know That such men's prayers can ward away all ill.' 'Nay, vex him not,' he said ; ' but now my will Is that ye bear me back, lest haply he Who frowned on none should seem t o frown on me For seeking worldly pleasure. Turn ye round, For now I know where true peace may be found.' 56 The Story of GaiUama Buddha XLV Now these are call'd ' The Four Drives,' and I read, ' That ages afterwards, when this man's creed Lackt not the help of kings to make it great, Four goodly towers were built, one near each gate. To mark the spots at which the prince turned back ; And these abode for ages, but alack Time, change, and man have wrought out their decay. And now they have passed utterly away ; XLVI Like many other goodly piles of stone Which men have built and time has overthrown ; Yet coimtless eyes, now dark in death's eclipse. Once joy'd to see them ; and long-silent lips. That once were eloquent in praise of Boodh, Were fain to kiss the ground on which they stood, As, thro' long ages, coundess pilgrim bands Kept flocking thitherward from far-off lands : XLVII The subject of the Emperor of the Sun, The pilgrim from bleak Tibet, and the Hun From his far treeless plains, met there with those Of Birmah, Siam, and the men now foes Of their old faith ; Sumatrans, Javanese, From palmy islands in the tropic seas — All owned the blessfed bond of brotherhood And bless'd the all-compassionating Boodh. and his Creed. ' 5 7 CANTO IV. I Now twelve long years went by, and what befell The prince in these, it needs not long to tell ; A few short verses will suffice to show The matter fully. List ye, then, and know That Gaiitama still pondered as before On life and death ; and still his heart grew sore With brooding on the iron grasp of Fate And all the miseries of man's estate. 11 And all this time the king ceast not to hope By wise and careful management to stop The progress of what still he held to be A mental yet a dang'rous malady ; Which left alone would further grow and spread Thro' every part, until his son grew dead To all the world, yea, and until he should Be ripe for burial in some deep wood. 58 The Story of Gautama Buddha III And therefore he surrounded him with all That youth delights in, like as with a wall ; Wine and fair women, feast, and friend, and sport ; And all the splendours of an Eastern court ; Yet often when he saw the prince's face Flusht with the hot excitement of the chase. Or merry o'er the wine-cup, he would sigh, To think how all would presently pass by. IV For when the chase grew hottest, he would lag. For fear the brown eyes of the dying stag Should seem to chide him- He could not delight To watch the falcOn, or to see the tight And straining leashes of the cheetah slipt ; Nor watch the wild beasts as they fought and gript And rent each other ; tho' the well-pleased court Lookt on and gloried in the cruel sport. V For howso pleasure moved him, at the best It only brought some respite, not full rest, Nor long cessation from foreboding fears : A voice seemed ever whispering in his ears : ' Feast while thou mayest ; death is drawing nigh : Sport while thou mayest ; age comes by and by : Love while thou mayest ; Eld comes on apace : I^augh while thou mayest ; pain shall change thy face.' and Ms Creed. 59 VI This knowledge troubled him as those four words Marred the Chaldean's mirth, as with his lords And concubines he held high banqueting ; Or like the sword, which the Sicilian king Hung by a hair above his flatterer's head. And often when a merry thing was said The prince laught with the rest, yet those near by Could hear his laughter ending in a sigh. VII ' O,' sighed the prince, ' if but we could attain Some happy state, and in that state remain, Secure for evermore against the fear Of Age and Death for ever drawing near ; And safe for evermore from Change and Loss ! But now their baleful shadows fall across Our sunniest paths, and leave us chill and dumb With brooding over evil days to come. VIII ' Alas for youth that it should turn ere long To wither'd Eld ! thy rounded limbs and strong Shall shake for very weakness ere thou die : And Love herself shall coldly pass thee by ; Her smiles are not for such as thou wilt be. O cynical old age, who loveth thee ? Thou carest not for beaut>' or for truth : Thou sneerest at the ardent hopes of youth 6o The Story of Gautama Buddha IX ' As one who lies at rest upon his bed Dreams he beholds some form of direst dread Rush on to seize him ; yet in that same hour, Tho' melting with his terror, has no power To flee or move ; so faint with fear I lie While rapidly the evil day draws nigh ; So, powerless to move, I sit and wait The falling of the dreaded stroke of Fate. X ' O that some kindly sage would teach me truth ! O that my sighs might move the gods to ruth ! Perchance they listen not to our poor prayers, For it may be that we and our affairs Are too contemptible for their regard : Perchance our prayers are weak, or those who guard The heavenly portals will not let them in For being mixt with selfishness and sin. XI ' If death were only what it seems to be. And this were all of life that we should see, No longer in repining would I waste The precious hours ; but I would cry make haste To take thy fill of pleasure ere thou die ; And when love, youth, and health had all gone by. And life grew weary, I would end my days With some sweet poison and thus go my ways, and his Creed. 6i W XII ' And sleep an endless sleep : but now they say- Death is no end to our existence ; nay, It is but as the door wherethro' we pass To other forms of being ; and alas ! To other forms of sorrow and unrest. Herein the wisdom of the wise at best Is little worth, for none of them can show Wherefrom we come or whereunto we go. ' Yet sometimes I have heard the wicked say When one reproved them : " Let us have our day We shall be soon as tho' we ne'er had been. What matter if we be not overclean ? We are but dust ; and good and bad, all tend Unto one certain and one common end, Wherefrom no goodness will avail to save. Look ye for recompense within the grave ? " xiy ' But if I thought thus, could I be content To live as they do ? Nay ; and I repent Of my late selfish thought ; but I would cry In all men's ears : " O friends, fear not to die ; Fear only what is worthy of your fear, And that not overmuch ; for death draws near. And that shall give you rest ; for from that sleep None ever shall awake to toil or weep.'" 62 Th£ Story of Gautama Buddha XV It was the prince's habit in those days To seek out such men as had gotten praise For piety or wisdom, or who knew. As men reported, what was known to few, And ask them questions ; but he was not slow To find they knew not what he sought to know : Beneath the multitude of words he spied The ignorance they vainly sought to hide. XVI So from them all he got but little good. So hiding his contempt as best he could, He gave them presents and they went their way. Yet as they left the presence one would say. With smother'd anger : ' This young prince would seem To hold the people's creed in light esteem : Had he but been a meaner man, I trow He had not askt, nor had I answered so.' xvn Another muttered angrily : ' This youth Bade show if I knew anything of truth, And deemed my wisdom of a doubtful kind ; I might have said, " I am not quite so blind As thou dost think me, for I plainly 'see That if not now, thou very soon wilt be A heretic and of the vilest sort." Ah me, I lose my courage when at court.' and his Creed. 63 XVIII But there were some more modest than the rest, Who, when they learned the prince's grief, confest They knew not ; neither knew they one that did. They said : ' O gracious prince, these things are hid From us and all men, and we cannot tell ; Nor canst thou hope to, tho' thou ponder well : These things are wrapt in mystery and doubt So that the wisest may not find them out. XIX ' But this we know, that as our fathers taught So teach we now, and few but thee have sought For confirmation of the common creed : But thou are not of those who say, " What need Is there of proving what so few deny ? We shall know all about it by and by ; For deatli will make us wise, let be till then." Such is the manner of the most of men.' XX Thus twelve years passed and he had grown to be A grave and sober man, and verily A man that men would turn to look upon, And long remember, after they had gone About their ways, and mixt with common folk ; For there was that within his face which spoke Of some great trouble resting on his mind — ■ Some sorrow of no ordinary kind. 64 The Story of Gmitama Buddha XXI And now the prince, who had long time revolved The matter in his mind, at last resolved To turn ascetic ; for he mused and said : ' If I sit here I shall be old or dead Before I have attained to my desire ; For truly now I seem but little nigher Unto that end than when I first began To ponder on the destiny of man. XXII ' What I have sought for I have not found out : I wander on bewildered and in doubt, With none to lead me by the hand. Mayhap It is because I linger in the lap Of full-fed luxury ; and from my youth I have not lackt for pleasures, yet in sooth The gods know well I seldom valued such Above their worth, or sought them oveimuch. XXIII ' But Peace likes not the stir and heat and noise Of carnal pleasures ; nor the stormy joys That shake the building to its very base, Nor all the hollow fashion and grimace And pomp of palaces, or such like things. And seldom tarries in the homes of kings ; Nor in man's breast will she consent to share Divided empire with unquiet Care. and his Creed. 65 XXIV ' I will away, lest while I linger here, That come upon me which I so much fear. It may be that when I have laid aside All fleshly pleasures, and the pomp and pride Of princely state, fair Peace will make a nest And lasting dwelling-place within my breast ; For I will say, " O thou divine one, see What I have parted with to purchase thee. XXV ' " O enter, for the noisy guests are gone : The throne is set, O sit thou thereupon. And reign as queen ; for those whom thou dost let, And none beside shall enter here, or set Their feet upon the threshold of the door.'' And she will enter and depart no more ; And patiently and well I will work out The problems that have filled my soul with doubt ' I will seek truth in all the world around ; And find her too, if that she may be found : For I will track her with unfaltering pace, Till I behold the fashion of her face. And if she wear an evil look and be An enemy to man, then woe is me At such a bitter ending of my quest ! Then I must bear my portion with the rest. 66 The Story of Gautama Buddha xxvir ' But if she wear a gracious look, and prove To be in all things worthy of man's love ; My heart shall leap for joy, for I shall then Have found salvation for the sons of men : I will go forth and show what I have seen ; Not hide my gospel from the poor and mean, Nor keep it back to please the vile and great. Nor sell it to the men of high estate.' XXVIII Anon he sought the princess and made known His resolution ; and to her alone Did he tell plainly all that he had plann'd. He said : ' O wife, the time is near at hand When I must leave thee, and go forth to seek That whereof thou hast often heard me speak. Now do not thou begin to weep lest I Feel all my courage for this quest go by. XXIX ' For now, O princess, thou and I must part, And it may be for ever, for my heart Tells me I go upon no easy quest : Yet this one hope, a solitary guest, Abides with me now aU the rest are fled. How many hopes before my eyes have spread A banquet of fair promises and bade Me eat thereof and be no longer sad ! and his Creed. 6^ XXX ' But I grew lean upon such empty food ; And bitterly I cried, " It is not good That man should live on words however sweet Or fair they be; have ye none other meat ? For I have eaten of this food, until I weary of it, yet I hunger still." And when I saw in truth that they had none, I sent them sternly from me one by one. XXXI ' I had gone long ere this, but that I feared To grieve thee overmuch. Thou hast endeared Thyself to me more than my lips can tell, And never hast thou ceast to please me well. For thy sake only have I long delay'd What I have purposed, for I was afraid Of thy sad pleadings, yet I often meant To tell thee presently of mine intent. XXXII ' And yet indeed I had not much to show : Thou knewest of my purpose long ago : And therefore thou art in some wise prepared. Thou thoughtest that the kind gods would have spared Thee this great sorrow ? nay, it may not be, For what is written in man's destiny Must surely be acconiplisht soon or late : The very gods themselves must bow to fate. F 2 68 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIII ' O fond and foolish woman, stay thy voice From this wild weeping : rather now rejoice That I am parting from thee whole and strong, With all my life within me ; but ere long If I stayed here, as death comes on apace. Thou mightest see me die before thy face, Smit by some sudden stroke, or long time bide In pining sickness till at last I died, XXXIV ' And left behind a loathsome carcase, such As birds of carrion might scorn to touch. But if I died not thus, but lived on still For many years ; why should I tarry till * Old age had turned our love to scorn and spite ? When thinking, "Did I ever take delight In such as thee," we should snarl each at each With hateful glances and reproachful speech. XXXV ' Far better that we part, now, while our eyes See beauty in each other ; or love dies Smit by the cruel strokes of Eld or Death. O Life ! O Love ! what are ye but a breath ! A lightning flash that flameth and is gone Ere one can turn himself to gaze thereon ! And yet, Yasddhar^ I am right loth To speak that word which shall so grieve us both. and his Creed. "9 XXXVI But how she answered him, and what she said, Shall not be told by me, for now I tread On holy ground. Some griefs are best untold ; And as men hide their dead beneath the mould, So shall her grief be hidden from all eyes. Lest some beholding should perchance despise. Sore was her grief, but yet of no avail ; She shall not suffer by an ill-told tale XXXVII • Now when his father knew of his intent, As one who has long striven to prevent Some evil thing, yet sees it come at last, Despite his^ efforts ; so he felt, and cast Himself down listlessly, and sighing sore, Fixt his dim eyes upon the marble floor. Anon into, his heart began to creep A bitterness too great to let him weep. XXXVIII And murmuring, ' What I have long time feared Has come upon me now at last,' upreared His downcast head, and gazing on the prince^ Cried ': ' All the Jabour I have taken since Thine early childhood, now has come to nought. Long time have I foreseen this, yet I thought If I might not prevent, I might delay And put it off until a later day. - yo The Story of GaiUama Buddha XXXIX ' But now thou art impatient to be gone. This is a fooUsh quest thou goest on, And Uttle profit wilt thou find therein : Thou wilt lose more than ever thou canst win. Methinks thou art too lavish in the price Thou payest for thy knowledge : O think thrice Before thou layest all the barter down, " Is what I purchase worth a monarch's crown ? " XL ' Alas, my son, how shall I give thee up ? My words are bitter truly, for my cup Is filled with bitterness unto the brim ; And as I drink thereof my hopes wax dim. I thought thou wouldest stay to close mine eyes.* Thus he continued, trusting that his sighs And bitter words might move him to relent, Yet could in no wise alter his intent XLI Now all the time the prince with downcast head Stood listening to what his father said, And inwardly he groaned to see his grief. At last they parted. ' Like some startled thief,' The king thought, ' he will fly on some dark night Nay, by the gods, he shall not thus take flight : Sharp eyes shall watch him : I wiU surely set Guards at the gates : hope is not perisht yet.' and his Creed. 71 XLII Now when as old save by one year as He Who ages after taught in Galilee ; That Teacher mighty thro' all coming days ; Whose words have been as earthquakes, and whose ways Were from of old, before the world began; Ere living creature moved therein, or man Sprang from that dust which he must till for bread, Until he hide therein his guilty head; XLIII When just as old save by one year, as He, Siddhirtha yielding to strong destiny (Which wise men tell us with a sigh, ' alas, With or without our wills, must come to pass ' — Perchance they err), upon a certain day, That he might better lead men's minds astray And lull suspicion (for they never ceast To watch him closely), made a mighty feast ; XLIV And thereat sat and feasted with his peers For the last time thro' all the many years That he should thenceforth live ; for men forgot The hidden danger; feasting, they dreamed not Of Gadtama's resolve : one man alone Knew of his purpose and how it had grown To ripeness ; and he waited thro' the night With two swift horses ready trapt for flight. 72 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLV Now as they feasted, word was brought by one That Supra's daughter had brought forth a son, Whereat was great rejoicing in that place. But joy and sorrow in the prince's face Strove for the mastery as he said, ' I see A love-begetting thing is bom to me — A thing to love,' then thought, ' O child, that art Already loved, before the dawn we part ! ' XLVI But triumph beamed in king Sudhodan's eye (Poor king, thy triumph wiU too soon pass by) ; ' This late-forged chain,' he thought, ' will hold him fast If all beside gives way; and now at last I may know peace. The gods be thankt for this; I have forgotten them too long : I miss Much good perchance thereby : half unawares Have I received this answer to my prayers.' XLVII Poor king, thou errest ! yet not more than those Who cry to God for what are but deep woes. Although, poor bhnded ones, they know it not ; Or those who, seeking for an altered lot, Think that an answer to their prayers is sent, When they get somewhat which is only meant For their confusion, seeing it is meet. At last each well-filled guest rose from his seat, and his Creed. "Ji XLVIII And all sought for their chambers, and the halls Grew chill and empty ; and the last footfalls Died into silence : and Sudhddan thought ' What need is there to watch him now ? ' and sought And found deep slumber. But the prince bode still Within his chamber, listening until The lagging servants should have gone their ways, , For now he feared tliem and their prying gaze. XLIX At last unbroken silence reigned throughout. Then with a cloak he girt himself about, And looking cautiously around, he crept Into the chamber where the princess slept, Her diild beside her. On each tranquil face He cast a glance, then hurried from the place. Then did the dark night feel a heart's wild throbs, And cold walls listen unto stifled sobs. L Ghostlike, he stole across the empty rooms Late loud with revel, but now chill as tombs. And silent as the ever-voiceless grave. All slept that should have barred his pathway, save One man, whom sorrow maybe stayed from sleep ; Or it may be he had not drunk so deep As had his comrades of the festal wine. He saw Ijim passing in the pale moonshine, 74 The Story of Gautama Buddha LI And reacht to wake his fellows in that place ; But suddenly the prince turned round, his face Marred by deep sorrow, and lookt sadly back ; Then toucht with pity his raised arm fell slack Against his side, and so the prince passed on, And soon had vanisht ; and when he had gone. The man began to murmur, ' Go thy way, And be thou far from hence at break of day. Lir Let who will hinder thee, but for my part I had far liefer help thee, for my heart Is moved with pity for thee ; and this thing May be of fate, and meddling I might bring Some trouble on me. He who strives with fate Is always worsted. I am no ingrate. I do remember me of his kind ways, And how he dealt with all men in past days. LIII And it would be a scurvy recompense If I should hinder his departure hence J Yea he that does so let him be accurst ! I will turn round and sleep, for at the worst I shall but fare to-morrow as the rest. God speed thee, kindly prince, upon thy quest !' With that he turned upon his side and slept. Now still upon his way the prince had kept ; and his Creed. 75 uv And presently he came to where his groom Stood waiting with those horses : thro' the gloom These neighed him welcome as his tread they heard ; Then quickly mounting, without any word, Each a deep breastful of the cool air drank ; And smiting each his horse upon the flank, Out into the weird night the fresh steeds sprang, The dry hard road beneath their hoof-beats rang. LV The startled night birds husht their wailful notes ; The rising howl died in the ravenous throats Of prowling beasts of prey \ and fearing scath, The reptile hasted from their dang'rous path ; The hoarse frog croaking in the wayside pond Lookt out and listened, then dived down beyond The fear and tumult of their horses' hoofs ; But they rode on until the sky gave proofs LVI That dawn drew near to glad the world once more. Yet on they prest. At last they stood before A mighty forest; then Siddhdrtha cried: ' Now halt we, for we need no farther ride .• Here I am safe.' Then lighting down he shook The night dew from his locks, and cast a look Towards Kapilavast now far away And dim with distance and the twilight gray. l6 The Story of Gautama Buddha LVII Then putting off such robes as might have told Of his high rank, these with his gems and gold, And jewelled belt, to him who held the reins He gave and said, ' Have these things for thy pains, For no more shall I need such toys as these.' Then sighed he as the wind sighed thro' the trees, But not from grief or fear lest he should rue What he had done or was about to do. LVIII Then crying to his sword, 'O deathful blade. Yet this once only will I seek thine aid,' He sheared away his long black locks, the sign Of his high caste, crying : ' Thus I resign The worldling's hopes, and cut myself apart From his enjoyments : henceforth shall my heart Be fiUed with other matters, and my days Shall pass by occupied in other ways.' LIX (Now never after did Siddhdrtha wear Such long loose locks ; but soon the shorten'd hair Turned upward in short twisted curls. This is The reason why in all his images They represent him with a curly head: The which beholding once, our wise men said, And thought, ' Verily and beyond a doubt From Ethiopia this man came out.') and his Creed. TJ LX ' Bear witness thou to this that I have done, And tell it all men. Ah and dost thou run To rob the winds of their poor worthless prey ? Now get thee gone ! and if upon the way Thou meetest such as may perchance pursue, Say, '"Tis a vain thing that ye seek to do ; Behold these locks ! why ride ye then so fast To take a sinner that hath broken caste ? LXI ' " He hath bid farewell to the ways of men." But if thou meetest not with any, when Thou comest to the palace thou shalt say : " The prince my master at the break of day Bade me say this : ' Let no one fear for me ; I am what I have long resolved to be — A poor ascetic : lay it not to heart, Nor be offended that I thus depart.' '" LXII Now as the sun rose making all things gay, Siddhirtha moved to go upon his way ; Yet still that man stood, loth to go ; his head Bent down to hide his grief. Then spake and said The kindly prince : ' Why dost thou tarry here ? Beware the noon-day sun. Have thou no fear To face my father ; for when thou shalt tell My message, doubt not that all will be well.' 78 The Story of Gautama Buddha Lxiir Whereto he answered : ' Kind lord, I fear not Thy father's anger, be it ne'er so hot ; I grieve because I shall not see thee more. O let me follow thee ! ' Then weeping sore He hid away his face in his two hands : But when once more the prince's soft commands Fell on his ears, he turned him to obey ; And so they parted, going each his way. and Ms Creed. 79 CANTO V. I What man is this, that in the sultry heat, The dust of travel still upon his feet, Athirst and weary, draws anear the gate Of Vaisali ? his unattended state Proves him no denizen of rich men's halls ; Yet they who dwell within mud-plastered walls Wear coarser raiment, and are seldom seen With such a noble countenance and mien. 11 This is the man whom all men heretofore Have known as prince Siddhdrtha ; but no more By that proud title shall he now be known. The son of ancient kings, he walks alone, Athirst and hot and weary, with no man To make a shadow over him, or fan Delicious coolness into his hot frame : Let Sakya-muni henceforth be his name. 8o The Story of Gailtaina Buddha III There lived in Vaisali in those old days A very leamfed Brahman, whose loud praise Was on all tongues. From all the country round Men flockt to hear a teacher so profound. Three hundred rapt disciples called him lord, And sitting at his feet, with one accord Deemed him a teacher sent from God, and one Envied by many but excelled by none. IV Now Sakya-muni long ago had heard Of this great Brahman ; and his heart was Stirr'd Within him as he noted his great fame. And now, a pious mendicant he came To pray the sage to grant that he might sit Among his followers, if he thought fit Of his free favour to accord this grace : No matter if he filled the lowest place. V So presently he passed the gates, and found Himself within the city, and lookt round As if uncertain whither next to go. Then said he to a man : ' I pray thee show Where he doth dwell of whom the people say, " He is the shower of the happy way ; He is the fount of wisdom ; in the night Of ignorance and error he gives light." and his -Creed. ' 8] VI ' For I have come from far to learn if what Men say concerning him be true or not.' Whereto he answered : ' He whom thou hast named Lives but a bowshot hence. But thou art lamed By thy long journey ; rest awhile thy head Beneath my roof, for thou art sore bestead ; Thy blistered face shows plainly thou art one Not weU accustomed to the scorching sun. VII ' Come, wash away the dust from off thy feet : I will set bread before thee ; thou shalt eat ; And on the morrow thou shalt go thy way, But leave thy blessing.' So he made him stay Until the morning. All that he had on When first he entered, when he left was gone ; And coarse and scanty and devoid of grace, The mendicant's mean garb supplied its place. For he had said unto his host : ' If thou Wilt add unto thy favours and unto My gratitude, go sell these robes and buy The rough robe of a mendicant ; for I Will wear such only Henceforth.' So he went And did his bidding. Now the robes, tho' rent And reft of ornaments, brought far more than Sufficed the needs of the now lowly man. G 82 The Story of Gaiitama Buddha IX Next day the Brahman, as his custom was. Spake to the people ; and it came to pass That glancing round about him, he ere long Caught sight of a fresh face amid the throng. Now this was no new thing ; for by his fame Attracted hither constantly men came To hear his wisdom ; still the sage began To marvel as he gazed upon this man. X He marked his noble bearing and he thought : ' He is some rajah, who perchance has wrought Some grievous crime whereof he doth repent ; And now to save his soul he is content To turn ascetic : yet he does not cease To mourn his guilt ; and seemeth far from peace. Great was his crime to bring such great remorse.' So after he had ended his discourse, XI He spake with him and said : ' Thou seemest one Who hath but very recently begun This course of life. What wert thou heretofore ? And what is it that makes thy heart so sore ? Fear not to tell me all thy hidden grief ; It may be I may bring thee some relief : The gods perchance have sent thee here that I May be the healer of thy malady.' and his Creed, ' 83 xir Then Sakya-muni answered : ' Thy kind words Are like to harmonies drawn from the chords Of some sweet lyre. Now of my former state Know thou this much : once I was rich and great And well belovfed by my friends and kin : I lived in pleasure, but I found therein No lasting happiness or solid peace, But rather sorrow that would still increase^ XIII ' Yet I had done no impious thing that I Should fear the dreadful vengeance of the sky : And know thou this, that from my early youth I have been one of those who seek for truth ; And one of those, alas, who find it not Tho' they seek carefully ; and now for what Have I turned mendicant, except it be To find this treasure in such men as thee ? XIV ' They say that thou art very wise : thy speech Proclaims that thou art kind : I pray thee teach Me what thou knowest ; yea, let me be one Of thy disciples.' He replied : 'My son. Be not so utterly cast down ; this boon I grant thee readily ; fear not, for soon Thou shalt find peace : I never lead astray, But guide men wholly in a perfect way.' 84 The Story of Gautama Buddha XV So Sakya-muni from that hour was known As his disciple. Not in name alone Had he turned mendicant : what charity (How poor and scant soe'er the gift might be) Gave, he took unrepiningly and blest The hand that gave it ; and went meanly drest In coarsest robes wherethro' the heats of day And chills of midnight found a ready way. XVI For every morning in his hands he bore An ahns-bowl, and went round from door to door, And stood until the folk within should give Enough of food to keep his soul alive Until the morrow, when he came again. Not often did he look for alms in vain. Or with a scanty portion roam forlorn. And fast and famish till the morrow mom. XVII For often would his well-filled bowl attest The people's charity. Tho' meanly drest, His coarse apparel could not well efface The manly bearing, and the quiet grace Of form and feature ; and the folk would stand To gaze upon him, as with bowl in hand He came for alms, or passed along the street, Or sought a shadow from the broiling heat. and his Creed. 85 XVIII But few men questioned him ; yet noting oft How straight his form was, and how small and soft His hands were, they would say : ' He seems to be More like some nobleman of high degree Than an ascetic though he wears the yoke : He ne'er was one of us poor common folk : He seems to be a stranger in our town, And lately come : poor man, he seems cast down. XIX ' Mayhap some crime done in a former state Is being visited upon him : late Or early all our sins will find us out.' There was no little gossiping about The new ascetic : people of all grades Would ask concerning him. Dark Indian maids Gazed on him wonderingly, and lordlings* eyes Would open on him with a strange surprise. XX A poor man now, he lived among the poor And felt as one of them ; and learnt, be sure, What wealth too often hinders or destroys — A sympathy with their poor griefs and joys — A tenderness for their mean hopes and fears. And this he ne'er forgot : in after years He was the poor man's friend, and this thing proved One reason wherefore he was so beloved. 86 The Story of Gaiitmna Buddha XXI And thus he learnt some things that until then He had not known so well ; that needy men May be more gen'rous than the lords of lands : That liberal hearts have often empty hands : That oft the poor man's gift is worth far more Than what is given from the rich man's store : And that the poor display a kindness which Is little known among the great and rich. XXII He knew that there was sorrow in the earthy Had long time known it, and had mourned the dearth Of hope and comfort ; yet with new surprise He now beheld it with his very eyes, And found it greater than he erst had thought. It was a bitter knowledge, and it brought A deeper sorrow, as he lookt in vain To find some healing for man's grief and paiuj XXIII Death and the sorrows that lead thereunto Became familiar sights, yet often drew Deep groanings from him as he gazed thereon. The misery on which the bright sun shone Was now no longer hidden from his eyes. And tears would fill them as he heard the cries Of some lone mother, or of Some young wife Isow made a widow to the end of life. and his Creeds 87 Jcxiv Can grief be fair ? yet some men can rehearse Their deepest sorrows in melodious verse, Till one might almost envy them their grief ; But such are few, for most must find relief In wordless weeping, yea and even hide Their bitter sorrows out of fear or pride Lest their poor sobbings and their sighs and tears Offend unsympathetic eyes and ears. XXV He would sit often raising not his eye To see who gazed at him or passed hira by, While his free thought went out beyond the bars Of time and sense, and soared among the stars, Or dived into the hidden deeps below, Or went like lightning, flashing to and fro. Or peered into the blank of death, or strained To grasp the Unknown and the Unattained. XXVI In vain he sought the starting point and goal — ■ The whence and whither of the human soul : In vain he strove to pierce the clouded night Where God is hidden ; for tho' He be light. In thickest clouds He wraps Himself about. And man by searching cannot find Him out. The journeying stars were silent overhead. And silent still lay the unconscious dead. 88 , The Story of Gautama Buddha XXVII But not alone in sitting thus apart, And parleying with his own mind and heart, Did he seek truth ; where raged the war of words. And arguments flew out like deathful swords. He hung not back ; but oftentimes would rush Into the thickest of the fight and push Men on to strife, regardless of all scath. That he might prove the groundwork of their faith. XXVIII And often his cool reasoning convinced The men who heard him ; smooth-tongued sophists winced At his close arguments ; the pedant felt The weak foundations of his folly melt j The fool for once grew silent. Whoso cared To know his creed, found him not unprepared To state it and to prove it, tho' in sooth There was but little that he held for truth, XXIX And that wise pundit more than once forgot His wonted calm and frowned, yea and waxt hot At his close questioning ; and when his place Was empty, as was oftentimes the case, He smiled and murmured, ' Good, he is not here ; Now from these others I have nought to fear, For none of them will question what I say. 'Tis well for all that he should keep away.' and his Creed. 89 XXX For unlike many, Sakya-muni weighed The pundit's reasoning, and was not afraid, Nor did he deem it impious, to doubt The brahman's doctrines : so he soon found out The measure of his wisdom ; and discerned Where lay his weakness : thus he soon had learned All he could teach him. Then did he prepare To seek for wisdom and for truth elsewhere. 90 The Story of Gautama Buddha CANTO VI. I One day he listened while a traveller showed How that in Rajagaha there abode A brahman of deep wisdom and wide fame ; Seven hundred men were proud to bear the name Of his disciples ; and the man was wise In solving doubts and reading mysteries. ' Good ! ' thought he, and was far upon his way To Rajagaha ere the close of day. II And day and night he joumey'd on, until He reacht the city ; from a neighbouring hUl He first set eyes upon the royal town. But ere he reacht the gates the sun went down In crimson splendours, and the dusk began To tinge all things in its weird light. Then ran From mouth to mouth the gossip, as at last Thro' Rajagaha the late traveller past. and Ms Creed, 91 III Now at this hour of coolness and of calm Three men were seated underneath a palm That spread its graceful fronds beside the street Where down Siddhirtha passed with weary feet, Unmindful of all gazers. Here they sat, Their daily labours ended; and for that The hour was cool they lingered still and told Strange tales and legends of the days of old. IV They told how gods had left their native skies, To roam the earth awhile in human guise; And how fierce demons from the hells beneath The blooming earth would issue, bringing death And dire affliction to the wretched race Of mortal men ; and afterwards retrace Their footsteps, and flit back to hell's red night To lash the wicked with unwonted spite. V They told how oftentimes the air was full Of thronging spirits — of the ghastly ghoul, That lurks in graveyards, feasting on the dead ; Of bodies out of which the souls had fled, But which still lived inhabited by some Deceiving spirit — till the very hum Of insects overhead awoke their fears, It seemed like spirits buzzing round their ears. 92 The Story of Gautama Buddha VI Now Sakya-muni, passing down the street, Saw these men sitting thus, and turned his feet And went towards them, thinking, ' These will spare Me further journey.' But all unaware That one drew near them, they talkt on till when The stranger fronted them and cried : ' O men That sit here at your ease ! I pray you tell Where may the Lord of Wisdom chance to dwell ? ' VII Then, suddenly, they all lookt up ; with awe. There standing in the growing dusk they saw A man of kingly countenance and mien ; A nobler form they never yet had seen, Tho' King Bimsdra, whom some called ' The Great,' Abode ■ft'ithin their town, and oft in state Rode forth with all his lords of high degree; And no mean man to look upon was he. VIII Now in their dumb astonishment they sat ; And staring on him open-mouthed, forgat His question, and the answer they should give ; For each one thought, ' As truly as I live Thou art ascetic but in garb alone ! ' The abject bearing and the whining tone Were wholly wanting ; and they could not trace Aught of such fellowship in that grand face. mid his Creed. 93 IX Then Sakya-muni, seeing that they gave No answer to his civil question, save Wild looks and gapings ; with a countenance And voice unmarred by anger said : ' Perchance, O friends, ye heard me not ; and it may be The fault was mine for speaking doubtfully ; But I would learn where that great sage doth dwell Of whose deep wisdom all the world speaks well.' X Then in confusion, one man stammered out A wrong direction ; so he turned about. And went his way. And after he had gone Beyond their utmost vision, outspake one, And said : ' Why sit we here like fools ? our eyes Have lookt upon a god in hermit's guise ! Vishnu or Siva have indeed come down. Away ! and let us tell it to the town ! ' XI The second said : ' Yea verily he seemed A god indeed : now three times have I dreamed A god spake with me : it hath come to pass.' The third man thought that at the least he was Some mighty lord ; ' And he is come,' said he, ' To see our far-famed sage, but privily. For shame of ignorance, or rather lest His greatness trouble that great sage's breast.' 94 The Story of Gautama Buddha , XII Then cried the first : ' Friends ! I now mind me what One told me years ago ; I had forgot The matter till this moment ; but he said In solemn tones (a blessing on his head, And may the kind gods grant him peace and health 1) That I should shortly come unto great wealth By meeting of a stranger. Friends, look you, The fakeer's words at last are coming true.' XIII The second answered : ' Truly now this thing Is wonderful, so let us to the king. And tell him of it, for he will accord Us ready hearing, and a due reward. But let us haste, lest some one tell the tale While we sit idling here, and so we fail Of our reward.' Thereto they all agreed, And gat them to the palace with all speed ; XIV And told the monarch ; adding : ' Great king, send And bring this man : perchance the gods intend Some special honour for our land and town : Perchance it is a god that hath come down To bring some message : therefore send and see ; And when it comes to pass, remember we Were first to teU thee of this wondrous thing.' ' If one man only,' said the dreaded king, and his Creed. 95 XV ' Had told this tale of yours, I should have sai ' ^' Begone fool ! and be thankful that thy head Is still upon thy shoulders ! sooth, it seems That I must listen to the stupid dreams Of drunkards !" But ye are not one but three : Your testimony also doth agree ; Perchance ye planned it should before ye came ; If so, beware ! my vengeance is not lame. XVI ' Now go ! and on the morrow I will test The truth of these your words, and if ye jest, Yon sword-blade, notcht on necks of greater worth. May bring about an ending of your mirth. Be here again to-morrow.' At that word Each cast a glance towards the fateful sword, And quaking at the king's terrific frown Went forth to spread the tidings through the town. XVII ' Some god forsooth ! ah, I should like to see A greater than myself, if such there be.' So thought Bimsdra, as he turned and gave A short commandment to a kneeling slave To lead the stranger thither on the mom. That night Siddhdrtha, wearied and outworn, Beneath some sheltering palm-trees laid him down And slept, unmindful of the startled town. 96 The Story of Gautama Buddha XVIII Right early on the mom Bims^ra's men Came seeking for the mendicant ; and when They saw one sleeping underneath a tree, They whispered to each- other, ' This is he.' ' Yea,' said one fellow, ' and I wiU be sworn — No fear of perjury — that he was bom And nourisht in a palace ; ne'ertheless We will awake him, or we shall transgress XIX ' The king's commandment ; for he bade us look To bring the stranger early.' So they shook The sleeper gently, till at last they broke The wizard spell of dreams, and he awoke ; But not as one, who, sleeping knows his guilt. And being wakened clutches at the hilt Of his hid weapon, but in peaceful wise. And sitting up he rubbed his drowsy eyes. XX Then said they courteously : ' Great sir, the king Would see thy face, and we are sent to bring Thee to his presence. Be thou not afraid ; He will not harm thee ; ' for he lookt dismay'd. But only that he still must know such things As gilded palaces and slave-girt kings. But he arose and went with them, and drew Unto the palace, and pass'd thereinto ; and his Creed. 97 XXI And went past staring menials, and thro' rooms Deckt in fair hangings wrought by Indian looms And gorgeous with glaring paint and gold. And costly furniture of price untold, And carvings, all the work of cunning hands. And curious treasures brought from far-off lands. And trophies won in war, and fair things which Fall only to the portion of the rich. XXII At length he stood before the king, but not As one of low degree — glued to the spot Ey clownish awkwardness or servile fear — With calm and graceful bearing he drew near The mighty king, and looked him in the face As one who felt not wholly out of place. Nor wholly unaccustomed to such things As courtly splendours and the sight of kings. xxm All this Bimsira noted at a glance, And thought : ' A goodly fellow, and perchance Some lord disguised, and by his face no fool, Nor crafty plotter 'gainst my life or rule.' Then cried he, ' Man ! who art thou ? thy mean dress Proclaims thee an ascetic, ne'ertheless I deem thee other, for thy mien belies Thy poor apparel. 'Tis a thin disguise 98 TJte Story of Gautama Buddlia ' Wherein thou goest ! Art thou not some lord Bent on some secret errand ? Pray accord Me share in this thy secret, and when shown, I swear to thee I will not make it known; Except, indeed, it be to mine own hurt : But this I fear not. I am all alert To hear thy story : I will not betray Thy purpose, but may speed thee on thy way.' XXV ' O gracious monarch, what thine eyes now see That am I and none other,' answered he ; ' But as thou doubtest, I will now relate Wherefore thou seest me in this mean state.' Thereon he told him all ; and when he east, Bimsira spake and said : ' Well, prince, at least About thy rank I err'd not, for the rest I was in error, as thy words attest. XXVI ' Now, prince — for I will call thee by that name — When I was younger I thought much the same As thou now thinkest ; yea, I sought for light, But found all things were v/rapt in blackest night ; So I grew weary of the search, and when I got no help from either gods or men, I turned, and set my heart on other things ; And now I am the greatest of all kings. ana his Creed. 99 XXVII ' Or so men say. Thou mayest fare somewhat The same, if thou do likewise ; and if not, Thy life may still be pleasant : thou hast wealth And rank and friends and goodliness and health. Bethink thee, men are happy on far less Of this world's good : but if thou have success, And light on truth, which very much I doubt, What sort of profit wUt thou get thereout ? XXVIII ■' Thou wilt but wake the wrath of envious priests ; These will spring on thee like bloodthirsty beasts, And rend thee as a tiger rends a kid ; Or by some secret dagger-stroke will rid Themselves of one who meddles with their gains ; Or ban thee as an impious wretch, whom pains Of hell await, and hurtful as a pest. And leave the bigot crowd to do the rest. XXIX ' Hast thou no thought of those who sit alone. And mourn thy absence ? ' Sakya gave a groan. ' Return ! ' the king said, ' and without delay. Lest thou returning on some later day Have but stiff welcome.' Thus he sought to find Some argument to change Siddh^rtha's mind ; But laboured unavailingly, and so Perceiving this, at last he let him go. H 2 lOO The Story of Gautama Buddha XXX But ere they parted, thus the king spake : ' Prince, As I have fail'd to move thee or convince Thee of the folly of this toilsome task, I will not keep thee longer than to ask One favour of thee, and it is, that when Thou hast found out deliverance for men Thou wilt come hither early, and make known Thy gospel to us dwellers in this town ; XXXI ' And I will give — what surely thou wilt need — Protection to thy person and thy creed. Whate'er may be the product of thy thought It must be better than what now is taught. Farewell ! our aims are diverse ; yet, oh friend, We may be of one mind towards the end.' So Gaiitama consenting to this thing. Passed from the presence of the kindly king, XXXII And went his way, and tum'd his feet once more Towards the Brahman's dwelling. Long before He came thereto, a crowd was at his heels, For Rumour had gone forth upon the wheels Of her swift chariot, and noised his fame : So flocking to their doors the people came To catch a glimpse of him as he passed by With calm demeanour and with downcast eye. and his Creed. loi XXXIII Now when the Brahman lookt on him he said, (Well eyeing him) ' Friend, certain men have spread A strange report, concerning some great lord Come hither in disguise : thou dost accord With their description : say now, art thou he ? ' O master, I am what all eyes may see,' He answered ; ' yet indeed a lord I was, And I will tell tiiee how it comes to pass XXXIV ' That I am here.' So he began to show The Brahman all he cared to let him know Of his past life ; which learning, he cried : ' Son, Believe me thou hast well and wisely done To turn thy feet into the way of peace : Continue in it, and thou shalt not miss The good thou seekest. Long thou shalt not pine. For I have settled harder doubts than thine.' XXXV So in that city he abode to learn What he might teach him ; and to pant and yearn For knowledge that would satisfy his mind — To prove this wise man's wisdom, and to find The sophist lurking underneath the sage, And all his fame a lying title-page, Whereunder lay the scribbling of a fool Or leambd pedant of the sacred school.. I02 The Story of Ga^ttama Buddha XXXVI ' They know not truth, and yet pretend that they Have turned the night of nature into day ; And made a plain path for all wandering feet. They are not wise but in their own conceit, And all who trust them wander in a night More dark than nature's : what they reckon light Is but thick darkness. They are skiU'd alone In seeking and in holding fast their own. XXXVII ' Moreover,' pondered Sakya, ' how should they Who profit most by error lead the way To reformation, when the same must cost The giving up of what they value most ? Their hearts are narrow; I must look elsewhere For that salvation wherein all may share. I know their bigotry and scorn and pride, They thrust the outcast and the poor aside. ' Their heavens are narrow, but full wide and deep Have they made all their hells ; as flocks of sheep Are driven home on far Mongolian plains They drive the helpless down to untold pains ; All necks are wounded and all shoulders peel'd Beneath their yokes and burdens : they have steel'd Their hearts against compassion, so they can Bring no deliverance at all to man. and his Creed. 103 XXXIX I will go into solitude, and there Seek what thus vainly I have sought elsewhere. The silence of the voiceless woods may teach A higher wisdom than man's babbhng speech, A deeper knowledge than his childish lore ; And even the crash of tempests and the roar Of thunderings reverberating round Prove more than unintelligible sound. XL ' But we perceive it not, because our ears Are dulled by reason of our sin-bred fears, Or that we know no language save our own. How often have I heard the sad wind moan Like one who mourneth in some house of death ! How often have I heard with holden breath Great thunder voices peaHng from on high Rich with the awful secrets of the sky ! XLI ' Moreover, hitherto I may have lived Too daintily, and so have not arrived At what I seek for : whatsoe'er the cost I will now test unto the uttermost The harsh austerities that some profess. Hereby I surely shall get good, unless The world has err'd ; for millions at this hour Deem such austerities a mighty power.' 104 2"i^ Story of Gautama Buddha XLII Now when he spake of his intent there came To him five men, disciples of that same Wise Brahman, saying : ' We will go with thee ; Deny us not this kindness; thou shalt be The ruler of our band : thou shalt not lack A master's honour : we will not hang back Lead where thou wilt. What sayest thou ? thy face Bespeaks thee willing to accord this grace.' XLIII He answered : ' If this be your mind, and ye Have counted all the cost, so let it be : Ye shall be sharers in my hope and pain, Nor shall ye be forgotten when I gain The good I seek for. I will put no yoke On your free shoulders, but ye may revoke Your promise whenso ye may deem it good. Let each be free to follow his own mood.' XLIV So they went forth from Rajagaha, led By Sakya-muni, for the five had said, ' At least be thou our leader by the way.' So they went forth, and on a certain day The cloudlike masses of a mighty wood Rose up before them, and ere long they stood Within the shelter of "their forest-home — Their broad asylum for long years to come. and his Creed. 105 CANTO VII. I Within this forest, practising the most Severe austerities that saint could boast, Dwelt Sakya-muni. Months and years went past, Each spent in greater rigour than the last. In fruitless fasting and unanswered prayer, And toilsome thought they went : the barren air Brought forth no answer to his many sighs, And vain were all his efforts to be wise. II Why hath the wild wind such a mournful tone ? In part indeed, but surely not alone, Because it cometh saddened and in haste From roaming over the great arctic waste, And round the deathful silence of the pole, And from its rough coasts, where the surges roll Amid the ice packs, that with dismal roar Are crusht and ground against the iron shore. io6 The Story of Gautama Buddha III Nor that it cometh from broad deserts curst With hopeless barrenness and slakeJess thirst, Wherethro' the traveller hasteth with all speed. As for his life ; well knowing he hath need Of God's good help to guide him lest he stray And perish, wandering from the bone-strewn way, And leave his bones to whiten in the sun As hapless travellers before have done. rv Nor yet because it ever wanders o'er The ruins of great cities, now no more The habitations of the sons of men ; Where undisturbed, the wild beast makes his den ; Wiere fearlessly the timid serpent crawls Mid well-wrought columns and rich capitals, The boast and glory of a former day Whereof the memory has nigh passed away. V Nor that because in ever-journeying round About the world, it everywhere has found The sunlit ocean and the earth beneath Full-garnered with the harvesting of death — That earth-wide Hades and the wide seas hold The dead, more numerous a thousandfold Than all the living thro' the breadth and girth Of this well-trodden, many-peopled earth. and his Creed. 107 VI For these it mourns, but not alone for these, It sighs in summer through the thick-leaved trees. Or mourns in winter through the naked boughs ; Or wails about the closed doors of the house : It is because that into it are breathed The sighs of all mankind, which, interwreathed With cryings of all such as be in pain. Roam evermore about the earth and main ; VII Mixt with the groanings of a burdened earth. The bitterness of those that curse their birth ; The sighings of all such as pray for death With vain petitions ; and the gasping breath Sent forth with anguish from death-quivering lips ; And shrieks and groanings from fast-sinking ships. And cryings unto gods that cannot hear, And prayers to One that will not, tho' the fear VIII Of Him be in the hearts of those that pray. Not for our sorrows do the skies of day Go into mourning of black clouds, or birds Cease their blithe carolling, or grazing herds Fast with sad lowings mid the sweet green grass : Yet not unnoted do our sorrows pass ; Kind Nature heeds and bids the sad winds blow About the world this record of our woe. io8 The Story of Gat'itama Buddha IX And this is why the wind hath such a drear And mournful voice : in winter ye may hear The sound thereof rise to a very wail Of wildest anguish, till the heart shall fail And shudder as it hears the piercing sound ; And in the summer, when all else hath found A voice of gladness, sighing thro' green leaves, Again the voice goes, like a soul that grieves. O Sakya! surely thy vain tears and sighs Have swelled the mournful music of the skies ; In vain thou soughtest after God and truth : Thy sighings toucht not Brahma with soft ruth. Nor wakt compassion in the slumberous breast Of Brahm, who, buried in a selfish rest, Remembers not the world that he has made, Nor the poor suppliants that ask his aid. XI No god spake in tlie thunder : calm and storm Alike were empty of all help : no form Of god or deva roamed about or stood Beneath the thick trees of that mighty wood With proffered succour, as they did of old If men speak truth. But surely they have told Us fables not a few, to make us sigh With fruitless longings for a time gone by ; and his Creed. 109 XII Or rather for a time that ne'er has been. Was ever mighty god or goddess seen In manifested glory on the earth, Rebuking evil, and rewarding mirth, And succouring the needy when they cried ? Nay ! men have called upon their gods and died With prayers upon their lips, and yet no whit Hoipen, except it be unto the pit. XIII Yet God is good, tho' Baal hear us not, And Belus disregard, and tho' our lot Be nothing bettered by our cries to Zeus ; Tho' prayer to Jupiter prove of no use ; Tho' Brahm still slumber in a slothful rest ; And tho' the nations of the north and west For ages sought their gods in humble terms, And yet went down unholpen to the worms. And God is merciful, tho' man be bom To toil and sorrow ; tho' his sighs forlorn Burden the winds : yea and He is most wise. All ye who doubt it, lift your fretful eyes Up to the heav'ns, and say no more hard things Of His great ways, for all such words have wings And hasten upward with accusing tone To Him who sitteth on the great white throne. 1 10 The Story of Gaitama Buddha XV God hath his plan, and He will work it out Despite our foolish crying. Have no doubt, The scheme is merciful and wise and good, Tho' neither we ourselves have understood, Nor yet our fathers, how this thing can be We shall rejoice the perfect work to see : God wUl not stay His hand tho' men repine. Nor shall our folly mar the work divine. XVI But Sakya-muni cried : ' Hear me, great Brahm, In thy far heaven ! forget not that I am A portion of Thine essence. Wilt Thou not Have pity on us and our wretched lot ? Thou madest us, and in our hearts hast put Deep longings ; and yet bound us hand and foot In scapeless fetters of relentless fate. Have pity on us and our mean estate. XVII ' O show the path wherein we ought to walk ; And tho' indeed we may not hope to baulk Death of its victims, nor prevail to save Ourselves by virtue from the sateless grave, Yet make us wise, that we may live our "lives ' At least with cheerfiilness : till death arrives We are tormented with vile fears and dumb With brooding over evil days to come. and his Creed. 1 1 1 XVIII ' Our life is mystery ; our death is gloom. Is there a life for us beyond the tomb ? Or hast Thou made us creatures of a day, To live our little lives, then pass away Utterly and for ever ? Thou dost hide These matters from us, and our priests have lied, And led us in a way that is not good ; And fed us with unsatisfying food. XIX ' O surely men speak falsely when they say Thou art too mighty, or too far away, To vex Thyself with our mean hopes and fears. O let my crying reach into Thine ears. And send salvation down' ! then evermore Thou shalt have all our love ; we will adore Thee only and Thee wholly ; aU our days Thou shalt have offerings of prayer and praise.' XX But there was none that answered : daylight brought No inner light to guide him : then he thought, ' The night shall teach me ; ' but the night alway Was filled with bowlings of the beasts of prey ; And other answer gat he none at all. Mark this, ye twice-born — ye that still extol Great Brahm and Krishna and the Sacred Three, And all the host to whom ye bow the knee. 112 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXI And yet not wholly barren of all good Was Sakya's life within that sheltering wood. For he, beholding the continual strife Of all that therein drew the breath of life — Their joys and sorrows — felt compassion steal Into his heart, eVn for those things the heel Grinds into nothing, and then passes on, Unweeting that a life is quencht and gone. XXII Not carelessly was he content to view The insect drowning in a drop of dew ; The upturned beetle powerless to rise : Nor without succour lookt on drowning flies Whirled helplessly adown some tiny brook : Nor yet without compassion could he look Upon the anguish of the mangled worm, Or strife or suflfering in any form. XXIII To him the endless war of Nature seemed Not otherwise than evU, for he dreamed Of rest and peace and brotherhood ; yet felt That wheresoever these abode, they dwelt As far removed from nature as from man : _ ' Is all the world,' he sighed, ' beneath the ban Of some fell being who doth take delight In murderous death and discord and affright ? and his Creed. 113 XXIV ' For earth and sky, the forest and the flood, Are pastures for fierce things that live on blood ; These fill the earth with terror : night and day, The innocent and gentle fall their prey.' For he had heard the dove's despairing cry As the hawk seized her ; a,nd had watcht the sly Deceiving serpent ; and had seen the stoat Sucking the life-blood from the rabbit's throat ; XXV And watcht awhile, forgetful of all fear, The hungry tiger rend the dying deer ; Beheld the gasping roebuck crusht between The tight folds of the mighty snake j and seen The wounded ox gored by its kind ; then fled Groaning from that detested sight : ill sped. He met the same elsewhere, and learnt how vain It is to flee from misery and pain. XXVI Priest of the yellow robe and shaven crown. Say why it is diat ere thou sittest down Thou brushest carefully the lowly seat Which thou hast chosen ? Dost thou fear to meet With some defilement ? Why dost thou refrain Thy dry lips from the jar until thou strain The coohng water which erewhile men took Pure, fresh, and sparkling from the running brook ? I 1 14 The Story of Gai'itama Buddha XXVII ' Art thou a stranger in this land, that so ^hou askest of these things ? ' he saith ; ' then know That in my hand I bear about this brush To sweep the ground I sit on, lest I crush The life from out some thing that draweth breath ; Likewise to keep me from the guilt of death I use this filter, in the hope to save Some hapless insect from a living grave. XXVIII ' And this I do because our great lord Boodh, Who gave himself to be the tiger's food, Said, " Take ye not the life of sentient things. So shall ye know the joy that pity brings ; And hereby also ye may all attain More readily unto the End of pain, EVn that Nirvana whereof ye have heard." I take my refuge in him and his word.' XXIX Be not too lavish of thy scorn on these Deluded heathen and their practices ; Nor slow to read herein the evidence — Nor loth to own the softening influence — Of Buddha's doctrine, which somewhat at least Has changed the hard heart of the cruel East, And made men merciful, and toucht the chords Of pity in the hearts of savage hordes. and his Creed. 115 XXX No great voice bids you let all creatures live, Nor take away the life you cannot give : No hard commandment cries : ' It is not good To slay your fellow-beings for your food : Have ye not harvests of the vine and com, And fruits and herbs that from the earth are born And nourisht without sorrow and hard strife ? Against these things alone lift up the knife : xxxr ' But let all breathing things live on in peace ; So shall your health and happiness increase.' To you the voice cries : ' Freely take and eat AVhate'er ye lust for : all things are your meat : All things are yours, do with them as ye will' And yet amid your feasting, thinking still Of bloodless Eden, sigh ye for the same, Nor be of those who glory in their shame. xxxii Amid this forest six long years wore past ; And surely now, the next had been his last Had he continued as he erst had done His useless penance. He had grown like one Who strives with famine. Thro' the shrunken skin Gleamed the foundations of the house. His kin, Yea the most loving of them all, would ne'er Have recognised him had they seem him there. 1 16 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIII But finding all asceticism vain — An utter weariness — a bootless pain — A hindering evil that wise men should shun — He cast it from him, crying : ' I have done With thee, thou lying shadow ! I have tried Thy vaunted virtues ; and I will not hide Thy hoUowness from men : thou empty dearth. Farewell for ever, for I know thy worth.' XXXIV And so he changed his habit, and at length Recovered somewhat of his former strength : _And therewithal he gat a healthier mind ; Yet not the less for hidden truth he pin'd Nor ceast to seek it But the five perceived His altered living, and their hearts were grieved ; So coming to him, they addressed him thus : ' How is it, friend, that thou who leddest us XXXV ' Once on the heavenly road, hast left the track, Tho' we abide therein ? thou hangest back. Nor strivest any more to reach the goal That all men seek ; nor dost afflict thy soul With God-compeUing pains for thy best good ? ' He answered : ' All these years within this wood By self inflicted weariness and pain Have I sought knowledge, but have sought in vain. and his Creed. wj XXXVI ' I have err'd greatly : I too long have fed My soul on hope's unsatisf3dng bread, And looked for grain where there is nought but chaff; And leaned myself upon a rotten staff ; For I have tested to the uttermost The vain austerities whereof ye boast, " They make the weak strong and the foolish wise ; " And I have found them vanities and lies.' xxxvii Then answered they : ' We sorrow for the change That has come over thee. Thy words are strange And somewhat impious. Hast thou not read Of mighty saints and rishis, long since dead, And of their wondrous wisdom and great might ? And yet these all attained unto that height By that which thou in thy despairing mood Dost reckon barren of all saving good.' XXXVIII He answered calmly : ' From my earliest youth Have I heard such like fables ; but in truth I heeded them but little, for I said, " These wonder-working saints are always dead, And these great sages all of times gone by ;" But ye would have me wait until I die For my reward, when death, for aught I know. Is everlasting nothingness — not so. 1 18 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIX ' I seek not death, but that which may remove The fear thereof, and of all Dl ; and prove Salvation for the living. Ye have grief; Perchance ye have fared better than your chief. They cried : ' Thou speakest as the wicked speak. Thou hast grown impious, and now dost seek To cast contempt upon what all men call Most good and holy. There will surely fall XL ' Some punishment upon thee for thy sin. But now, lest thou corrupt us, and we win A like reward, we will go forth this day. And thou canst follow thine own froward way, If so thou wiliest, after we are gone. Thy hurtful influence may fall upon The creatures of the wood, but not on us.' To these accusings he made answer thus : XLI ' Did I not say when first we sought this wood, " Let each be free to do what seemeth good In his own eyes "? So ye are free to go And leave me, since ye reckon me a foe To your well-being : and ye shall depart Unblamed by me ; yea, rather from my heart Shall prayers go after you when ye are gone, And in this forest I abide alone. and his Creed. 119 XLII ' Farewell, and may ye prosper : but I still Will bide within this wood for good or ill A little longer at the most, and then I shall know all.' Then three of those five men Stood wavering whether they should stay or go, Toucht with soft pity ; but the other two Thrust them before them, chiding with harsh tone ; And so they left him standing there alone. 120 The Story of Gai'dama Buddha CANTO VIII. I Thus left in utter solitude, without The help of god or man, from faith to doubt, From doubt unto denial, fast he fell : For doubt laid siege unto the citadel And overthrew it. Long ago, indeed. The superstructure of his fathers' creed Had fall'n as falls a rotten pile of stone — Now was the whole foundation overthrown. 11 He sought for God, but found Him not among The gods of whom the ancient poets sung ; Nor those to whom the later singers bow'd ; Nor those then worshipt by the sunken crowd ; Nor those to whom the wise and learned prayed ; Nor those which the philosophers had made. He sought Him in the crowded fanes, and then In solitude far from the ways of men. and his Creed. 121 in ' There is no God,' he cried ; ' our gods are nought But mighty ofTspring of the fertile thought Of poets, and philosophers, and priests. Beast-like are some, and in the form of beasts Well are they graven, seeing they are kin ; The best are shadows, and can never win The love of human hearts, that vainly pine To rest themselves upon a power divine. IV ' Poor worshippers of nought, those whom we call Our gods and saviours are no gods at allj Nor saviours of the feeble in distress. They cannot punish us when we transgress, Nor yet reward us with becoming meed, When we, who are but the poor sinful seed Of evil doers, bom in evil days. Do deeds deserving of unstinted praise. V * There is no God for us to serve and love ; No great unerring Ruler throned above. To whom we may in adoration kneel. To whom then shall the poor opprest appeal ? To whom for timely succour shall we pray ? To whom shall we be grateful in the day Of our prosperity ? and when om: breath Fails, who shall be our confidence in death? 122 The Story of Gautama Buddha VI ' There is no God nor higher power than man, And he poor wretch lives but a little span — A little while he looks upon the light, Then sinks into the nothingness and night From whence he rose ; for when he dies, he dies Utterly and for ever : in no wise Does he live on when once he yields his breath. Nor shall he have deliverance from death. VII ' All immortality is but a dream — The ravings of distempered minds that deem Their own sick fancies are sufficient proof Of their vain longings: as some well-wrought roof Not well supported falleth, so shall fall The baseless hopes of men ; and such are all That look for life in death, and bid men wait The sure fruition of a future state. VIII ' The just man's hopes shall never be fulfill'd, Nor yet the bad man's fears ; alike, these build Upon the sand of lies ; and this poor life, With its deep longings and its toil and strife, Is our whole portion : none may hope to win A better by strict abstinence from sin ; And evil doers, if they now escape, Need fear no punishment in any shape. and his Creed. 123 IX ' Alas for us that this vain life is all ! ' So heavy sorrow, not unmixt with gall, Was in his heart. For he was sore distrest At such a bitter ending of his quest. ' Would not the wicked,' he would sigh, ' be glad To have the knowledge that now makes me sad ? Would not well-doers feel their hands fall slack And merit-seekers falter and turn back ? X ' Shall I go forth and teach what now I know ? And cry: "Ye sad-faced travellers that go The weary way that leads from birth to death, Disquieted in vain, ye waste your breath In sighings over ills that but exist In your own minds, which darkened by the mist Of priest-bred errors are grown dense with fears. Whereof come agonies and sighs and tears. XI ' " There is no God, and all the gods are nought But names and shadows. Ye have long been taught To look for help where never help was found : Be your own helpers, so shall help abound. Let love and brotherhood allay the strife And heal the sorrows of this fleeting life. And grieve not overmuch whate'er befall, For that soon cometh which shall end it all." 124 The Story af Gaiitama Buddha XII ' A God-accursfed, God-forsaken man, Would all men deem me ; and the potent ban Of priests would crush me: for these all would say, " The gods are wrath because ye do not slay This impious wretch : destroy him, and thereby Ye shall find favour with the gods on high. And save you from the wrath which else must fall With scapeless horrors and destroy us all." XIII ' So I should fall a victim to their fears. And yet if I lived on for many years To preach these doctrines, and had great success, And changed the faith of men, this thing no less Would be an evil ; for my words might lead The upright man firom virtue — sow the seed Of sin and folly in the wise man's heart — And wound the patient with a rankling dart. XIV 'The wicked when I said, " There is no God," Would bless me, saying : " Thou hast snapt the rod That was to smite us ; thou art wise and kind. Now will we do according to our mind, And have no fear of heav'n and feel no shame In our Ul-doing ; blessed be thy name ! Our bonds are loosened ; there is none to smite Tho' we do wickedness with all our might."' and his Creed. 125 I XV Then prudence murmured : ' Seeing thou canst not Change for the better the unhappy lot Of wretched mortals, if thou art possest Of any wisdom, cease this bootless quest : Quit this dull solitude : forget thy grief, Soon time and change will bring thee full relief; Look to the mending of thine own estate, And leave the people to themselves and fate. XVI ' With due discretion, and some little pain. If thou think fit thou mayest yet regain Thy lost position : there are those who still Await thy coming. Surely thou couldst fill A throne with honour : strive no more with fate ; As king, thou couldest best alleviate The sufferings of men, and work them good : Couldst thou not teach them as none other could ? XVII ' And at the least thou mayest hope to get A little pleasure from thy vain life yet. 'Tis not too late : thine age is in its flower ; And health and wealth and beauty is thy dower : Is there no good in mirth ? no joy in wine ? Are not fair women reckoned half divine ? Is not good fellowship a pleasant thing? Return, return, and reign, a happy king.' 126 The Story of Gatitama Biiddlia XVIII He murmured : ' Yea, return, and let my name Become a by-word, till for very shame I bide within the palace, nor go forth For fear of men's derision : of what worth If it were otherwise would my life be ? For I must hide my faith, nor let men see That I despise their creed, for were this known, Tho' monarch, they would slay me on the throne. XIX ' But with my knowledge could I any more Find pleasure in these things, when o'er and o'er Each has been proved an unsufficing good ? Nay, evermore amid them all I should Imagine I could hear the nations cry, " Hast thou no pity ? lo ! we live and die From age to age, unholpen and unblest — Why sittest thou so carelessly at rest?" XX ' Nay, rather than live thus, I will go forth And lose a life now grown of little worth. In martyrdom to truth : and yet I know By doing thus I should not overthrow The errors that have taken such deep root Throughout the land and borne such evil fruit ; For rather would the priests whom I should vex Set firmer feet upon their victims' necks.' and his Creed. 127 XXI So in deep thought the great recluse abode, Pondering upon a world without a God, And man without a future ; and the cause Of all existence ; and the various laws That bind the universe ; and what was best For man to do — man, the poor flitting guest Of stedfast Nature, nourisher and tomb Of all that had been and that were to come. XXII And well persuaded that should people learn The knowledge he had gained, it would but turn To their undoing, for he could but own That few love Virtue for herself alone ; And loth to see his cherisht hopes depart, And man unsuccour'd, he applied his heart To see if any help for human need Might yet be hidden in the ancient creed. For thus he reasoned : ' Since this creed is both Of such wide-spreading and gigantic growth That none may fell it, even if he would, And yet not wholly barren of all good ; Unsmit by me it shall live on and grow; Yet here and there will I lop off a bough ; And learning wisdom from the pruner's craft. Upon the shorten'd boughs I will engraft 128 The Story of Gaiitama Buddha XXIV ' That which shall not be barren of fair fruit And wholesome ; nourisht from the alien root, And drawing vigour from the ancient stock. Men do not sow upon a barren rock, But they will build thereon, and if well skilled, Upon this hard foundation I may build A system that shall stand and brave decay, Till the foundations of the world give way. ' This will I do ; for I have hope that now A way is opened. My heart says, " Go thou And prosper, and do even as thou wilt To work thy work. Thou shalt incur no guUt, Tho' teaching error and concealing truth ; Because thou doest it from love and ruth, And these flow not from a polluted fount There is no God to call thee to account." ' XXVT Thenceforth with him the hours passed not in vain, Nor idly, if the toiling of the brata Be counted labour. With intensest thought. And meditation most profound, he wrought. Creating and destroying, dreaming dreams. And forming purposes and plans and schemes. O, careless world, it is a work that none May lightly speak of that is now begun ! and his Creed. 129 XXVII A work that shall not perish, nor long need The smile of kings : a great wide-spreading creed, The mightiest of all the faiths of old. Shall not the stars fade and the sun grow cold Before it be forgotten ? Unexempt From human error, who shall dare attempt To follow all the wanderings of that mind That gave this mighty system to mankind ? XXVIII Yet surely, with unheeding brutes and birds, We yet may listen to the burning words Of his deep musings, as by night and day He sought the shadow or pursued his way About the forest. Let us then draw near ; The thick woods hide us, so we all may hear The words he uttered in those pregnant weeks, In his outspoken musings. Hist ! he speaks. XXIX ' The mountains and the oceans are the bars To all our knowledge of this earth : the stars Are mysteries beyond the utmost reach Of our poor knowledge, whatso men may teach. The origin of all things who can show ? And who the ending ? Knowledge is but slow, Yet surely wisdom is of slower growth ; What man can tarry for the fruits of both ? K 1 30 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXX ' Yet since the cramping boundaries of our ken Are far too narrow for the minds of men, Who never have the wit to be content With present knowledge, I will now invent A mighty universe of worlds, and fill Them all with beings knowing good and Ul, Of diverse natures, and of diverse powers ; Some shall fiU hells, and some celestial bowers. XXXI ' The world shall keep its hells wherein are crammed The miserable millions of the damned ; The fear thereof may hold the wicked back From their impiety. Men shall not lack Their flowery paradises : they shall feast Upon the food of gods in thought at least, And know their joys, and live awhile their life. In blest exemption from all evil strife. XXXII ' The gods shall live, but not as in past days. For I will famish them with lack of praise. And make them lean thro' famine of men's prayers. I will degrade them ; in the world's affairs I will appoint them but a little part : Man shall rely ci. his own hand and heart. I will subject them to the laws that bind The less exalted millions of mankind. and his Creed. 131 XXXIII ' Man, a poor Insect, trembling on the brink Of nothingness, to which he soon must sink, Shall be, as some imagine him — endued With immortality, or life renewed From death to death, and still unceasing change Shall terrify him : I will make him range Thro' all the many forms of life that dwell Throughout the regions of heav'n, earth, and hell. XXXIV ' Concerning death I will invent a most Refined and subtle doctrine that may boast Of being better far than truth ; for all The elements of man at death shall fall Apart for ever ; yet what he has done As a creative power shall still live on, And build another life which shall inherit Its predecessor's merit or demerit. XXXV ' So death shall be somewhat as heretofore, No full and final ending, but a door Wherethro' men enter into other life. Who can remove the fear of that last strife, Tho' it may end in Paradise ? Can I Make it less bitter for a man to die ? If so the world shall yet attest my worth, I shall win blessings from a grateful earth. K 2 132 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXVI ' But since in all existence there is grief And unreality : and all is brief And unsufScing ; life is not a boon, But something other ; so I will not prune The branches merely, but uproot the tree : There is no other way to set men free — No other way whereby a man may gain Exemption from disquietude and pain. XXXVII ' Cessation of existence I will call Nii-vina and my Rest This shall not fall As a calamity, but it shall be My highest good — my greatest bliss, and he Who is yet subject to the ills of birth, And weighs all pleasures well, and knows their worth. Shall deem my Rest the greatest good that can Be tasted by the longing heart of man. ' This heritage of all, I will confine To good men only ; for I will assign Unto the wicked many grievous woes. And never-ceasing change and scant repose. Imaginary evils all, yet these May serve to keep the wicked ill at ease : They shall not hope in other worlds to miss The punishment they have escaped in this. and his Creed. 133 ' For merit and demerit shall be lords Of human destiny. They shall be cords To bind or draw man ; and they shall create His good and evil, and his very fate. Men shall do good, or they shall reap indeed, Ev'n to the last grain, all the cursfed seed That they have sown. Repentance shall not stop Nor mar the ripening of the hatefiil crop. ' I will so paint man's life that it shall seem As little better than a painfiil dream — A weary pilgrimage — a bootless quest For undiscoverable good — a nest Of many and sore evils ; and far worse, A heavy burden ; yea and half a curse — A toilsome vanity in every shape, Wherefrom the wicked never shall escape. XLI ' And I will paint Nirvana in such dyes, That it shall seem more lovely in men's eyes Than all the gardens of the gods ; for all Who dwell within those happy heavens may fall From their bright eminence, and wake in hell, Or in the forms of beasts ; but those who dwell In my calm heaven shall have a full release From all the changes that destroy our peace. 1 34 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLIi ' So men shall seek my Rest : their hearts shall yearn For its deep quiet. They will strive to earn The merit that shall bring them thereunto. Men shall seek nothingness as wretches, who, Kept wakeful by long suffering, seek to gain Deep sleep wherein is neither joy nor pain But calm unconsciousness : all pain shall cease Within my City and my Home of Peace. ' But all who reach my Rest must first obtain Sufficient merit : this aU men may gain By walking in my paths, which are no less Than purity, and love, and tenderness Towards each other and all sentient things; Truthfulness, and the temperance that brings Health to the frame and vigour to the mind. So shall my laws prove blessings to mankind. I wUl forbid my followers to take The Ufe of sentient things : I will awake Compassion in the cruel heart of men ; For why should we abridge the little span Of aught that lives ? Who has not err'd thro' wine ? I will forbid all followers of mine To taste strong drink, and lead them to give up The joys of the intoxicating cup. and his Creed. 135 XLV ' Men shall form one great brotherhood. Since all Have one beginning and one end, they shall Have equal privilege and common rights. I will exalt the depths and plane the heights, And raise the fallen, and remove that ban That checks the sympathy of man with man : Caste is one source of insolence and pride Which all my followers shall put aside. XLVI ' But when they say to me : " And who art thou That teachest these new doctrines ? When and how Didst thou attain this knowledge ? " I will say, " One higher than the highest every way, And wiser than the wisest; for I know The secret of existence, and can show The way whereby men may obtain release, And find the City and the Land of Peace. XLVII ' " My name is The Enlightened. I behold Things long forgotten ; and I can unfold What is, and has been, and is yet to be. The world shall learn my wisdom ; and by me The gods shall be enlightened. I attained This knowledge by the merit I had gained And gathered thro' innumerable years Of all well-doing. Hear ye that have ears. 136 The Story of Gai'itama Buddha XLVIII ' " And yet I am but one of those who rise At mighty intervals to make men wise In long-forgotten wisdom, and the lore That brings salvation with it. We restore The long-deserted paths, and gather out The weeds of error, ignorance, and doubt ; And sow the seed whose harvests yield the bread By which the nations of the world are fed. XLIX ' " Earth is a vain show : heaven a vain reward : The wise shall not love either ; neither hoard A treasure here, for all things pass away ; In paradise they shall not seek to stay. But look beyond, and reckon none are ble.st But those who reach unto my perfect rest. 'Tis vain to cry unto the gods for aid ; They cannot save us whom they have not made." L ' But I must fence myself on every side With skilful arguments : I must provide For all contingencies, and not be lame In utterance or answer : I must frame Fit answers for the wise man and the fool ; And, hardest task of all, I now must school My untaught countenance, and lips, and heart A guilefiil wisdom; each must play its part and Ids Creed. 137 LI ' In this deception. Would that men were wise, And needed not the aid of pleasant lies To 'tice them on to virtue ! ' Thus he mused. The days beheld him dream : the nights refused To bless his eyes with sleep. His noble form Stood out amid the calm, and when the sto«n Raged, and the trees bowed as a field of grain Bows at the passing of the wind and rain. LII At length his work was perfected : at length Adorned with beauty and ribbed round with strength The whole stood out before him. Men feel pride In what their hands have fashioned, so he eyed His work with calm complaisance. He had wrought With carefulness and long laborious thought j And now like one of old as he surveyed He loved the cunning work that he had made. 138 Tlie Story of Gautama Buddha CANTO IX. I Now I, who hitherto have not eschewed Old legends bent on glorifying Boodh, Will add another. There be those who say He gat his knowledge in another way, To wit as follows : — When the Bodhisat Perceived his hour draw near, he went and sat Beneath the Bo-tree, vowing not to rise Till he became the wisest of the wise. II Upon a radiant throne he sat, for thus Each Bodhisat attains the glorious Fruition of his toUs : so throned thereon He thought great thoughts, while in his face there shone Unutterable peace, for now the prize Seemed ready to be graspt, and in such wise He thought thereon that he could well withstand The great temptation now so near at hand. and his Creed. 1 39 HI For Mira, Bddhisat's unwearied foe, Perceived his coming triumph, and aglow With rage hereat, had gathered up his force For one last effort : he would bar the course Of Bodhisat who, with the goal in sight, Feared not this being tho' he knew his might : Was not the victory as good as won ? Should he not conquer ere the setting sun ? IV Now learn the reason for the hostile part That Wasawirtti played. In his hard heart He reason'd thus : ' If Bodhisat but reach The goal of his ambition, he will teach All men and devas how they may attain -Nirvdna : these by hearing him will gain Much merit, by the which they in the end Will to the higher Brahma-worlds ascend ; V ' And so my well-filled deva-world will grow A vaist and empty wilderness, and lo 1 I shall reign over deserts void of men. And one by one my kin will pass, and then Shall I not seem a fool in mine own eyes ! Now will I surely do what in me lies To change this threatened and this evil fate. Lest I repent me when it is too late.' 140 The Story of Gatitama Buddha VI So in pursuance of his vow he tried To turn the stedfast Bddhisat aside From his firm purpose, and to gain this end He feigned himself to be the prince's friend When he rode forth upon that festal night To turn ascetic ; for the pale moonlight ShoVd the great city gates all firmly barr'd, While at the same a double watch kept ward. VII And there against his will the prince had sta/d, Had not the devas, coming to his aid, Flung wide the massive doors and let him thro'. And this good deed they did, because they knew That he, who then of their poor help had need, Should op'n for them the gates that they might speed Into that City where alone is peace. And matchless quiet that will never cease. VIII Then M^a stood before the prince and cried : ' Oh prince, on what wild errand dost thou ride ? Strive thou no longer for this empty thing j Stay thou and be an universal king : The lordship of the world may be thine own, And all its glories ; and around thy throne Shall hosts of subject kings watch for thy nod And bow before thee as men do to God.' and his Creed. 141 IX Thereto he answered him : ' Who art thou, pray. That with fair promises dost bar my way ? Speak quickly for I am in haste.' Whereat He told his title and his rank, and gat This answer : ' All thine offers I disdain ; tempter, thou hast tempted me in vain : 1 seek the Buddhaship, not worldly store : Get from my path and trouble me no more.' X Then Mdra gnashed his teeth for rage of heart To be thus foiled and bidden to depart, And rose into the air and cried : ' Since now I am become thine enemy, look thou To find thy pathway ever blockt and barr'd And full of snares ; for I will make it hard Beyond its wont, and I will put forth all My guileful wisdom to achieve thy fall. XI ' And like thy shadow will I cleave to thee Thro' all thy course, which from this time shall be Thick strewn with stumbling blocks, and if thou gain This wisht-for dignity, may grief and pain Be with it, yet in that same hour will I Come with a host to vex thee.' Then the sky Closed round him and he suddenly was gone : Then undismayed the Bddhisat rode on. 142 The Story of GaMama Buddha XII So now, too faithful to his word, he blew A blast upon his mighty conch, and drew His hosts together, and with cruel skill Instructed them to work his envious will ; And thereupon with all this host swept past The startled spheres like wind, and came at last To where the glorious being whom he sought Bode in world-cleaving and all-conquering thought. XIII With horrid clamour, this earth-burdening host Prest round the Bo-tree, and assumed the most Terrific shapes : all hateful things that dwell In the deep pits of monster-breeding hell, Or waste the earth, or terrify the heart ; And all to which the fancy can impart A momentary being, and be feared. Around the circle of the tree appeared. Mad elephants with riving tusks crasht by With piercing trumpetings, and tost on high Their threatening trunks, and mighty snakes uprose In writhing columns ; bulls and buffaloes Bellowed around him ; lions fierce for blood Opened their cavernous jaws and pour'd a flood Of roarings thro' the wood, till all aroimd, Except Tathdgata, quaked at the sound. and his Creed. 143 XV The Brahmas and the devas who had come To see the Bodhisat prevail, grew dumb With sorrow at that sight, and filled with dread. And at the bruit thereof they turned and fled; And on their steps the Sekras followed fast ; But one remained behind, and to the last Kept his sad eyes on him whose tranquil form Was nowise shaken by that hellish storm. And Kdland, come with his tuneful throng To sing Siddh^rtha's praises, stay'd not long When he beheld that rout, but in dismay Down thro' the solid earth he took his way To his own Ndga-world and cried : ' No doubt Siddhdrtha's glory is clean blotted out ! Who can withstand great Mdra ? ' So the chief Of Manjarika was consumed with grief XVII But Bodhisat, altho' his friends had fled. Was void of fear, for in his heart he said : ' Kinsman or friend or helper have I none : Now therefore the good deeds that I have done Shall be my kinsmen, and my righteousness Shall keep me perfectly in this distress ; Thus garrisoned I will not fear nor doubt, Tho' Mora's minions compass me about.' 144 The Story of Gautama Buddha XVIII Then Mira, burning with fierce rage to find His hosts defeated, raised a mighty wind To overturn him, but a gentle breeze This seemed to him, although the forest trees Were levelled round him ; then a whelming rain Washt up the rocks beneath, but all in vain Strove to o'erwhelm him ; then a shower of rocks Fell round about him with far-sounding shocks. XIX But Bddhisat sat mid a trembling world Untroubled. Then again at him was hurled A shower of weapons, all to pierce him through : All bootless labour. Then the Tempter drew A shower of burning charcoal from the skies : Stonns of hot ashes, sand, and mud arise To overwhelm him ; but these dreadful showers Were turned to offerings of sweet-smelling flowers. Then darkness as of Egypt girt him round. But in the midst the Bddhisat was found With radiant countenance that nought could dim. Then Mdra, who now shook in every limb With passion, shouted and prepared to cast ' His great earth-cleaving discus, ' Now at last,' Cried all beholders, ' Bddhisat must die And all his glory and his fame go by.' and his Creed. 145 XXI Then closed their eyes thro' fear, but oped them soon When, calmly radiant as the glowing moon, They saw the Bddhisat beneath his tree. But Wasawirtti, being grieved to see His foe unhurt, cried in a wrathful tone, ' Oh thou usurper, get thee from my throne. Or else be dragg'd from thence and swiftly hurl'd Over the battlements of this high world ! ' XXII Free from all passion came the soft reply : ' From ages well-nigh numberless have I, By strict observance of the precepts, sought To gain this height, and truly I have wrought All righteousness, and thou thyself for one Hast borne me witness, and cried out, well done.. I sit hereon of right, and only smile At all thy bootless insolence and guile. XXIII * Where are the witnesses to prove thy worth ?' Then his arch-foe triumphantly stretcht forth His hand and pointed to his mighty host. Who, zealous to affirm his lying boast. Cried like the roaring of tempestuous seas On shingly shores, 'We are his witnesses ! ' But he, ' I have my witnesses, and mine Are far more worthy of behef than thine. L 1^6 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXIV ' For mine are not alive, and truly then I cannot give them bribes as men bribe men And devas, devas : not from love or fear Will they attest my words. Now shalt thou hear Their testimony.' Then he stretcht his hand Towards the earth, and lo ! with deep and grand And mighty thunderings, the quivering earth Bore testimony to his matchless worth. XXV And then, as if indignant at the wrong They sought to work him who had proved too strong For all their efforts, lo ! the great earth rent, And from the fiery inner hells were sent Vast flames that rose and hissed among the clouds ; Then that vast host, in panic-stricken crowds, Fled for their lives, and Mara now fell flat Upon his face before the B6dhisat, XXVI And owned his might and glory, and allowed His full and faultless merit, and there vowed To spread his glory thro' the world, and prayed For his forgiveness, being much afraid That some dire punishment was nigh at hand And then deserted wholly by his band Fled homeward, and lamenting his disgrace, For very shame he covered up his face. and his Creed. 147 XXVII But sorely troubled, for the jests and jeers Of his own devas now besieged his ears, He hasted to escape their bitter mirth, And came again with speed to this our earth In traveller's guise, but grieved not for the sin — The heinous crime, he had committed in Opposing B6dhi^,t, who without fail Must now so certainly and soon prevail, XXVIII But being ere long missed, his daughters three With their divine eyes lookt thro' space to see Where he had hidden, and their piercing eyes Beheld him wandering in a traveller's guise. And joining him, they cried : 'Grieve not, for we Will conquer him who late has conquered thee, And win the day which thou with all thy host. By far less powerful, have wholly lost.' XXIX But Mdra, knowing well how all must end, Forewarned them ; but they cried, ' None may contend Prevailingly against us,' and then flew Towards the Bo-tree with intent to woo The prince from virtue. Having then transformed Themselves into six hundred maids, they swarmed Around him, each one of voluptuous mien. And each one beautiful as any queen. 148 The Story of Ga&tama Buddha XXX And all appeared apparelled in such wise. That Bodhisat, who had just raised his eyes To view them, cast them down again with speed, Reflecting in his heart, ' Now have I need Of all my constancy, lest that a fire Flame in my heart, in which all ill desire Is near unto its death : this is my last And worst temptation, shall I not stand fast ? ' XXXI With amorous wiles, that no one could withstand Except a Bodhisat, that wanton band Sought his undoing, each one trying hard To win a glance from him. But no regard Paid he to aught they did, nor ever raised His eyes a moment. Then the devas praised His godlike beauty, and thus outspake one — ' Why dost thou tarry here so long alone ? XXXII ' Where is thy queen, that thou dost sit apart ? Hath some love-quarrel grieved thy loving heart ? Perchance thy thoughts to other loves have stray'd, And now thou keepest tryst for some fair maid ; Lo, we are many, be thou then sufficed ; Forget thy queen, if such thou hast — thy tryst. If such thou keepest.' No word could they win, He would not parley with the pleasant sin. and Ms Creed. 149 XXXIII ' O thou,' they cried, ' art colder than the snow On Himalaya ; 'twas not always so ; Bethink thee, thou wert eager once to seek The good thou now refusest ; speak, oh speak ! Why keep thy lonely eminence ? Come down ! Are we not beautiful and all thine own, And dying for the love of thee ? Oh save Our blooming beauty from the joyless grave ! XXXIV He answered not a word, but inly thought, ' Love is the foe of prudence, and hath wrought Much harm to men, and turned the wise astray From wisdom, and from following the way That leads to peace.' And now perceiving that 'Twas vain to tempt the virtuous Bddhisat, They vanished, and once more he was alone. And breathed more freely after they had gone. XXXV By this the day had drawn unto a close, And aU night's lamps were lit. But now uprose For him a wondrous light exceeding far The light of planet or of moon or star ; For in the first watch darkness roll'd aside, The curtains of the past were opened wide, He gained the knowledge of his former births And all his wanderings thro' the heavens and earths. 1 50 The Story of GaMama Buddha XXXVI And at the second watch he sent his gaze Thro' all the universe, and with amaze And grief beheld the many ills whereto All sentient things are subject : piercing thro' Life's mysteries next watch, clear-eyed he saw The causes of existence and the law Of Repetition, and then learnt how best He might the current of that stream arrest XXXVII And thus became a Buddha, and thereon He spake these words, while in his face there shone Exceeding joy : ' Thro' an eternity Of past existences, unblest, have I Made pilgrimage and borne a weary load, Seeking the Fashioner of this abode ; But now, O Framer of this tenement, I have beheld thee, and 1 am content. XXXVIII ' No more shalt thou build up a house for me : Behold, thy frames are broken down ! and see. Is not thy roof-pole shattered? all desire Is now extinguisht: no more shall that fire Bum in my bosom, binding me to earth : Henceforth for me there is no other birth.' Thus runs the story I have not eschewed, The legend bent on glorifying Boodh. and his Creed. 151 XXXIX But I, who am perchance too prone to stray From off the highroad and content to stay Among the flowery lanes which do not lack Enticing greenness, now will get me back. Know then that Sakya in a thoughtful mood •Now watcht the setting sun — the last that should Behold him there, and vainly strove to read The unknown future of his new-formed creed. XL ' Enough,' he murmured, ' I have counted all The risk and cost, and now, whate'er befall, Upon the morrow I will get me forth, And prove if there indeed be any worth In me or in my doctrines.' But that night Sleep fled his eyelids, so he longed for light That he might rise and go upon his way, And in this mood he waited for the day ; XLI And meditating on his work he thought : * I have not pandered to men's lusts, nor sought Mine own aggrandisement, except it be For other men's advantage. Now for me There is a future ; is it one of scorn. And cursing of the day when I was born. And of the womb that held me till the birth ? And utter loathing throughout all the earth ? 152 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLII ' Or shall men call me blessfed ? Shall my name Grow mighty in the earth, until my fame Go out into far lands, till I become A god at whose deep words the wise grow dumb, And reverent multitudes bow down with awe ? I know not, and perchance if I foresaw, My heart might be too proud or hands too weak For all the great things I must do and speak. XLIII ' But this I know, that at the best for me There is a life of hard hypocrisy. And keeping of a secret none may know, And hiding of hard truths I dare not show, I^est all my labour be for ever lost. loveless solitude ! O chilling frost Of isolation, thus to live apart And hide my knowledge ever in my heart ! XLIV 'Why is my heart sad? what thd' T have" built On solemn falsehoods ? is there any guilt When no God liveth ? surely no man could Call that thing evil which produces good ! 1 but employ, and think it not unmeet, A kindly guile, a merciful deceit, To draw men on to virtue which is kin To happiness ; and where, then, is my sin ? and his Creed. 153 XLV ' Moreover, since the foot of death stamps out The life of man for ever, whatso doubt My followers may have of me, none shall Discover my great secret, they shall fall Into dark nothingness and never rise To prove me a deceiver. When man dies, His knowledge with himself is wholly gone. So shall my doctrine undisturb'd live on.' XLVI So on this wise he mused as one by one The slow hours passed. At last the unseen sun Sent forth his heralds, and the first faint gleams Of Dawn awakened him from mighty dreams That lackt but time to make them true ; yet still He lingered for a little space until The night retreated westward, and the day Drove to their dens the evil beasts of prey. XLVII The Sungod rises and the glory hastes Over old Sinim and the Tatar wastes : See how it lingers lovingly upon That garden of the Lord far-famed Ceylon 1 And dyes the snows that everlastingly Blanch Himalaya ! Even the frozen sea Feels somewhat of those beams that without rest Sweep on to waken, all the slumbering West. 1 54 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLVIII Now when he saw the sun he rose and went Upon his way, firm in his great intent ; Revolving many things — and surely now Had aU above, around him, and below. But had the cunning of a human tongue. And known his purpose, they would thus have sung, Making that forest one triumphal arch : ' Go forth, O. Buddha, on thy conquering march !. XLIX ' We know thy worth and bless thee, waiting not Till men acknowledge thee, and thou hast got Man's praise and worship — we wait not till then. Go forth, O thou most loving of all men ! Go forth and prosper ! Thou shalt surely win The grateful love of human hearts ; therein We know thou lookest for thy chief reward, O mild destroyer of the knife and sword 1 L ' The' all the wicked of the world assail Thee and thy doctrines, yet shall both prevail. Thou hast remembered those whom all forget Or hghtly think of : thou hast nobly set Thyself to be the champion of the weak : Now shall thy creed, tho' merciful and meek. Be mightier than great armies : all who rest Beneath its shadow shall be coimted blest.' and his Creed. 155 LI Then coming to the open lands, he stood Awhile upon the margin of that wood, The birthplace of that mighty creed which now He must go forth and preach, not knowing how Men would receive it : but he stood not long. For hope rose up within him, and made strong His faltering spirit : resolutely then He set his face toward the homes of men. 156 The Story of Gautama Buadha CANTO X. I Think not the work he goeth forth to do A short work or an easy : thereunto Must he give his whole strength, and all his days, And all his wisdom : and in many ways Must he be tried, and have but little ease ; For he has foes to battle with, and these Both strong and many : shall they not defend Their old monopolies unto the end ? II With utmost rigour throughout all that land The Brahman's faith ruled. With a heavy hand The Brahman lorded it, and was not slack To show his power, neither did he lack The pride and insolence that spring from long And undisturbed possession : being strong He had forgotten wisdom, and filled up For his own drinking a most bitter cup. and his Creed. 157 III The proud must learn by lowliness, the strong Be taught by weakness. These men ruled by wrong, And through men's ignorance and lusts and fears : Not thus may empires lengthen out their years. A spiritual tyranny was theirs — A despotism in the soul's affairs ; Between the awful gods and men they stood, The sole dispensers of all saving good. ' To us alone,' they cried, ' is given the key Of knowledge and of mysteries : and we Alone can read aright the sacred books. Mad and accursed is the man that looks Without our aid to serve the jealous gods. 'Tis we alone can regulate the modes Of all your worship : hateful in their sight Are all who will not worship them aright, V ' For such are grievous punishments ordained. Yet, by the merit of our prayers restrained. They will forego their wrath ; and oftentimes Have we held back their judgment on your crimes Done ignorantly, yet which we knew well Deserved the punishment of death or hell. Presume not then, but seeing things are thus, Leave all the guiding of your souls to us.' I S 8 The Story of Gautama Buddha VI So spake these tyrants of men's consciences ; And so they acted, and received their fees Of homage and a more substantial gain, But Uttle love ; nay, some could scarce refrain From open hate, but fear was in their heart ; So they dissembled, playing well their part, And all the more their wrath burned on within Well-loved and cherisht like some secret sin. VII Now ill-contented with their fathers' creed, And with their simple worship, they must need Invent gods numberless ; and some hereof Were mighty heroes who had sinned enough To make them famous after they were dead ; And some were powers of Nature, and were bred Of ignorance or fear, or fancied sights. And some were worshipt with obscenest rites. VIII And some were demon-gods : the wrath of these With bloody oiTerings did men appease, And honoured with foul worship, lest they should Afflict men with sore plagues. These wrought no good, But only evil, so men fear'd their power. But gave them no true reverence ; in the hour Of sorrow, and the recklessness it brought. They curst them bitterly in word and thought. and his Creed. 159; IX Men's minds were darkened, and none thought they could, By shunning evU and by doing good, Obtain release from what they all deplored — Existence, and attain the great reward — Absorption into Brahm ; nay, but they held That God's good work was evil, and they quelled The voice of nature crying thro' the heart. And slew compassion with a spiteful dart. X They said : ' We will afflict ourselves : we will Torment the flesh, which is the seat of ill ; So the pure spirit may obtain release. And find at last in Brahm eternal peace.' Bethink ye of the gilded car that late, Amid infernal clamour, rolled its weight Across the bodies of live devotees : Reflect ye on the sufferings of these. XI Think of the widow struggling on the pyre Of her dead husband ; of the priest-lit fire. And of their shoutings as they bid her die Contentedly to meet her lord on high ; And of the wretches that still limp or crawl Their weary pilgrim journeys ; and of all Who drown themselves in Ganges ; and the host Of those who make their penances their boast. l6o The Story of Gautama Buddha XII Caste reigned throughout the land, a power of ill, Dividing those whose lot it was to tiU From those who traded ; and the men who fought From both the former, and the priests who taught The worship of the gods : these latter seemed As gods in their own eyes, and proudly deemed The others were but fashioned to conduce To their advantage and especial use. XIII The conquering Aryans, when they had subdued The ancient tribes, condemned to servitude All spared in warfare ; and to these they gave The name of Sudra, (reckoned worse than slave,) And holding them unclean, they shut them out From all their worship, which they fenced about With penalties of death, and all who dared To read their sacred books a hke fate shared. XIV So through the centuries each kept his place. And still the fairer ruled the darker race. Moreover, now the haughty Brahman said : ' When Brahma made men, we sprang from his head ; But thou, vile Sudra, sprangest from his feet. And being lowest, it is only meet We tread thee underfoot : thou hast no part. Nor lot with us, thou black in skin and heart. and his Creed. i6i XV So these lived on, enduring many ills. Hear what the law said : ' Whosoever kills A sacred monkey, shall most surely die : Who slays a Sudra, if he wills, may buy Forgiveness at a few pence at the most.' So no man cared for them: but now, ye lost And ye down-trodden ones, be of good cheer. For your deliverer is drawing near. XVI To be the helper of the poor and weak. The refuge of the outcast ; and to speak The words of love and brotherhood to those Who, spumed by all men, counted all men foes ; To bless with tenderness all things that live ; To purge away uncleanness, and to give White purity ; and with a nobler creed, Still the deep cravings of unspoken need; XVII This is the work he goeth forth to do ; A great work, and a long work, thereunto He bringeth all the lore of heart and brain. And deep experience : shall he toil in vain ? Shall men receive him saying: ' Here is yet Another dreamer ; let us go and get Somewhat that may prove matter for our mirth, Because a dull place truly is this earth ? ' M 1 62 The Story of Gautama Btiddha XVIII Or shall indifference, which is worse to bear Than open hatred, greet him with a stare In old Benares ? Well, let them smUe or frown. He hasteth on towards that ancient town. And many and great thoughts are in his heart. He will be strong to play his mighty part In this world's drama, and win great applause ; The Orient shall yet receive his laws. XIX As Moslems look on Mecca, and the Jew Looks on fair Salem, so the proud Hindoo Looks on this sacred city of his sires, And, oftener than his feet, go his desires In loving pilgrimage thereto ; for all Must have their holy places. Fair and tall Arose its temples rich with gems and gold, And at its feet the sacred river roU'd. XX Here Brahman learning had its seat ; herein Men found a quick remission of all sin. And merit that would help them in the day Of their affliction, and when far away In common places of the earth. Its fame Was great throughout that land, and so men came In multitudes, and humbly, as was meet, Sat down as learners at its wise men's feet. and his Creed. 163 XXI O thou wise Buddha, be not overbold : Is not this far-famed city the stronghold Of Brahman custom and of Brahman faith ? Will not men say thou goest to thy death ? But he went on and reached the gates at last, And calmly thro' the crowded streets he pass'd. Unknown by any, for few men can see How great the stranger in their midst may be. XXII And now the Buddha, after due repose, All being ready for his work, arose And pass'd along the streets, and took his stand Where men were many. Now on either hand Were rows of hawkers bawling out their wares, And withered mendicants, who droned their prayers And howled for alms to every passer by. And bared their bodies to the loathing eye. XXIII So when men saw a noble-looking man Stand forth to speak, from every side they ran To see him or to hear him ; and the crowd Was nowise lessened as he cried aloud : ' Come Brahman, and come Sudra, yea come all Who have been born of women free or thrall ; My doctrine is for all beneath the sun. And my salvation is denied to none.' 164 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXIV Then love and wonder fell upon the throng, For pleasant as the sound of some sweet song, And deep as oracles the gods give forth, Seemed all his words, now deemed of greater worth Than all the wisdom of the sacred books ; More musical too than the voice of brooks To those who travel in a thirsty land, And grand as solemn thunderings are grand. XXV And strong men trembled, and deep sighs arose From erewhile happy hearts, and tears from those In whom the fount of tears had long been dry. Now as he ended all his words, his eye Fell on five men that, struggling with the crowd. Strove hard to reach him ; and these cried aloud, ' Hail master ! ' then ere long before him stood His old companions in the late-left wood. XXVI And crying, ' Be not very wroth with us That in our ignorance we chid thee thus,' They did him homage ; but the Boodh made haste And reacht his arms towards them and embraced Each in his turn, and answered : ' Ye have done Me no unkindnessj anger have I none, But only love, because of your kind ways When we abode together in past days. and his Creed. 165 XXVII ' But now, what think ye of the words that late Fell from these lips ? seemed they the words of fate Or but the fables that wise men invent ? ' Then these all answered him with one consent : ' Thou hast the wisdom of the gods, and none Have ever taught us like as thou hast done ; O make us thy disciples, and we will Be thy staunch followers thro' good and ill.' XXVIII The Buddha answered : ' Be it so. O men. Ye are the first-fruits of my harvest.' Then These turned them to the crowd that saw and heard Their greetings with amazement, with this word — ' We are his witnesses ; ' then told their tale. Whereafter many joined them, crying : ' Hail, O master ! we will also follow thee, For thou art worthy as all eyes may see.' XXIX So separating, these with tongues aflame, Went thro' the city, spreading wide his fame. But many doubted of this novel creed : Yet in the hearts of most was sown the seed Of much debating ; while they all confest A goodlier teacher never taught — a test Wise men will smile at, yet how far it went : Are not too many with the same content ? 1 66 The Story of GaAtama Buddha XXX Men deemed the hours passed but with sluggard pace Till they should hear the voice and see the face Of him who late was prince, but now instead Dependent on men's charity for bread, And teacher of a creed that no man knew, Or all men had forgotten. Not a few Who heard him scofift, but others lay awake That night and pondered on the words he spake. XXXI So on the morrow in the noisy street Did many wait his coming ; and his feet Delajdng not, they soon beheld him come. Not without welcome came he, if the hum And eager looks that followed thereupon Be counted such ; nor, as awhile agone, A lonely stranger ; for with new-bom pride His new disciples followed on each side. XXXII Excitedly from every side men ran To hear the preaching of the goodly man. Ascetics thronging round to hear his word. Thronged not less eagerly whenas they heard A strong voice crying : ' O ye men of prayer, Have ye no pity on yourselves ? ye wear Your lives out with hard penance. Lo ! this day I \nll reveal to you a better way.' and his Creed. 167 XXXIII Then spake he words of kindliness and power ; And not a few who heard him, from that hour Ceast their austerities ; but some grieved sore Since they should bear about for evermore, In mangled body or in withered hmb. The proofs of their old folly: yet to him Who taught them wisdom, all their change confest. And sued for fellowship among the rest. But step by step I may no more trace out The journey of his life ; for fogs of doubt Now deepen round him, and his words and ways. His friends have wrapt him in a mist of praise That none may see thro'. Two score and five years He lives and labours, and thro' all, appears A deity or wonder-working saint, And all the human element grows faint. " XXXV But this we know, that long time without scath He taught within that city ; and his faith Had great acceptance with the common folk. Who, 'gall'd and burdened vidth the Brahman's yoke. Hailed him as their deUverer : Hkewise Came men that seem'd not fools in their own eyes Nor in the eyes of others ; and all these Became his followers. So by degrees 1 68 The Story of GaMama Buddha XXXVI He gat a goodly following ;' and then From out their number choosing threescore men, He sent them forth to preach, and said : ' Go ye, Proclaim my doctrines thro' the land, and see Ye do it not with insolence or pride : Ye have no need of such when on your side Are tnlth and right : give no man cause to say, " These preach good tidings in an evil way." xxxvii ' All my ascetics shall be loved not feared. Cry ye to all, " A Buddha hath appeared." And whatsoever I have taught you, show. Proclaim the precepts, and the paths. Ye know The four great truths, the bases of my creed.' So these went each his way, and, giving heed To his commands, they prospered. Thus he plann'd To spread his doctrines throughout all that land. XXXVIII Thereafter king Bimsdra, erst his friend, Became his convert ; and unto the end Continued stedfast. Shielded by his arm. The young faith prospered. Not without alarm Its followers beheld the old king die, Slain by his son, long time the bad ally Of those who loved not Buddha, their great sage, Now come unto a venerable age. and his Creed. 169 XXXIX But this same monarch, having reacht the throne, Repented of his deeds ; and wiser grown, Delay'd not to dismiss his former friends ; And by well doing strove to make amends For all the evil that his hands had done ; And gat great fame thereby, for men said, ' None Of those still subject to the ills of birth Is like Ajdsat : laud ye well his worth.' XL Yet for his many sins, the legends tell. This monarch when he died was born in hell; And there for ages must he yet bemoan His former folly. It is also shown How that the brother of his former wife, Who many times had sought the Buddha's life, And made a rent among his priests, at last Down into the Escapeless hell was cast. XLI They also tell us that when years had flown, The Buddha came unto his native town, And lookt once more upon his friends and kin. And many were made glad thereby, for in The hearts of many love had not grown cool Through his long absence. Many eyes were full Of tears as they beheld him once again, And of his blessing many hearts were fain. 170 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLII The king believed on him, as did his wife Yasodhard., who led a widowed life, (Two years before her lord she found release. And saw the City where alone is peace) ; And she who nursed him when a little one — Prajapati, and Rdhula his son, Whom he had never seen since that dark night When like a thief he fled in hurried flight. XLIII Proclaiming openly, as men gave heed, And fearlessly thro' all, his gentle creed ; And teaching doctrines hitherto unknown, The great ascetic passed from town to town. Contending with men's bigotry and doubt. Thus lived he henceforth through a life stretcht out Beyond the wonted measure of man's days. A weary man, he trod the dusty ways ; XLIV A lonely man at heart, he lived, for tho' Begirt by followers, he dared not show His bitter secret : and he lived, be sure, Not unassailed by slander, tho' most pure ; Nor unopposed by priests ; nor unwithstood By rival sects, and men whose highest good Was their own gain ; and oftentimes hard pusht By the proud followers of the great Zerdusht. and his Creed. 171 XLV Thus all the long years of his life went by : And it is told, that when he came to die, He called his followers, and calmly said : ' O ye ascetics whom I long have led And taught and tended ; I draw near my rest: Nirvana waits me, and this tranquil breast Is filling with the calm that ne'er shall cease Within the City and the Home of Peace. XLVI ' And now, O friends, if ye have any doubt Of aught that I have taught you, speak ye out; Lest after I have ceast to be ye say, " Would we had askt him ere he passed away Concerning this !" speak, for I will not chide No matter what ye ask.' But none replied. For no man doubted. ' Followers beloved. Have ye no doubts ? ' he cried, ' to be removed ? XLVII ' Then I depart, and cheerfully, because Nirvina waits me. Guard ye well my laws. My life is ended and my work is done. The elements of the all-seeing One Shall pass away, but still my truth shall live.' And so he died, and loudly did men grieve. So, peacefully and in a good old age And girt by followers, died the mighty sage : 1/2 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLVIII Died, and attained unto the rest he sought, Ev'n nothingness ; for thereunto are brought All living things whose life is in their breath ; For man has no pre-eminence in death Above the creatures which he slays for food, Or yokes for labour, or in ruthless mood Hunts for his pastime ; over all their race He lords it only for a little space. XLIX Dust of the dust which now he proudly spurns Beneath his feet, at death he but returns To his old elements : say not he springs Heavenward at death, and with his new-found wings Beats up the azure of his native sky To take his place among the gods on high, And dwell of right, a god among his peers Throughout eternity's untroubled years. L Death is no solver of life's mysteries, Nor yet a teacher that makes all men wise. Call him the Lord of Silence and of Gloom, And Keeper of the strong gates of the tomb. And Sunderer of hearts. A noise of groans Heralds his coming, and behind him moans A wind of sighs, and sounds of falling tears And rending garments ever fill his ears. and his Creed. 173 Yet shall the dead arise — the slumberers wake, And God who now unmaketh shall remake, And build again the fallen and destroyed ; So ancient Hades shall become a void. All shall have judgment and a meet reward, In life eternal or in death abhorr'd : Then, Buddha, shalt thou rise from thy long rest And take the recompense He deemeth best. LII Guide of innumerable hosts of whom Thou never dreamedst, what shall be thy doom When God shall judge thee on the judgment day ? Mild lord of teeming millions whose wide sway Is firmer than a despot's, thou hast wrought A work beyond the measurement of thought ; Shall not the very angels hold their breath When God recalls thee from the void of death ? LIII They wrapt the dead man in the finest cloth. And on a pile of sandal wood, tho' loth. They placed the body ; and thereover poured The sacred oil (now all the pile was stored With fragrant spices); and ere long the fire Consumed the whole, and by degrees the pyre Burnt down and left the Buddha but a name. And a few bones to keep alive the same ; 174 l^fi^ Story of GaMama Buddha LIV And these they gathered up with reverent care, For precious in the eyes of all they were, And coveted and quarrell'd for by kings, Who deeming them most precious of all things, Enshrined them in rich digobas and topes And stately temples, saying, ' Let these props Of all our good be guarded well alway.' Have they not guarded them unto this day ? and his Creed. 175 CANTO XI. I Tho' well adapted to the craving need Of all the children of the East, this creed Might yet have tarried where it had its birth, Nor wandered to the far ends of the earth, Had not Asdka risen. This great king Became a convert ; when a sheltering wng He spread thereover, and with zealous hand Made haste to plant it throughout aU his land. For being of low caste, this monarch thought : ' Tho' mightily my sires and I have wrought, And though my rule be prosperous and just, It is unstable. I can put no trust In these proud Brahmans ; gladly ere the morn They would dethrone me, for that I, low born. And one who at their feet should humbly fall, Do notwithstanding lord it o'er them all.' 176 The Story of Gautama Buddha III Moreover it may be that he perceived The beauty of the precepts, and believed The teachings of the sage, and set apart At least some little portion of his heart For that mild faith, because his heart was moved With love and pity, by the which he proved The error of all those who say, ' Such things Can have no lodgment in the breasts of kings.' IV Howe'er it be, the faith that until then Had won acceptance for the most with men Not of the number of the rich and great. Was now acknowledged as the creed of state. And spread and prospered throughout all that land ; And in pursuance of the king's command Rich topes and temples rose on every side. And men went forth to spread it far and wide. But not with arguments of sword and flame Did this man spread his creed — ^would that the same Were true of nations of the prouder West 1 Laud him therefor, and let it be confest That knowledge is not wisdom, nor always Leads thereunto ; and let that man have praise Who can unite them. Still, dumb stones reveal This wise king's wisdom, tenderness, and zeal. and his Creed. 177 VI So from Magadha in the north, where long It found a safe asylum waxing strong, It wandered out towards the north, and there Passed into Cashmere : men who dwelt elsewhere Deemed this a paradise, but those therein Thought it not free from vanity and sin, And toil and strife and death ; so fair and good In their sad eyes appeared the rest of Boodh. VII So these received it with a ready mind. It crossed the Indus, there again to find Warm welcome in Cabool ; and still it kept Upon its conquering northward way, and leapt The barriers of Hindoo Koosh, and pass'd Along the Oxus, and beheld at last The shores of Aral, and triumphantly It gazed out westward o'er the Caspian Sea. VIII No more the Bactrian adored the sun. But served a God more near of kin, and one More pitiful and worthy of his love Than that fierce deity that flamed above, An object rather of his hate and dread : With his hot beams upon his aching head. How could he praise him ? Or, with parching mouth. How could he bless him in the months of drouth ? N I7& The Story of Gaiiiama Buddha IX It found a home among the Kirghese hordes : These in their dwellings, whereof stakes and cords Are the foundations, made a welcome guest Of him who promist them eternal rest; And in their shifting homes they learned to sigh For an abiding place far up on high, Where they no more should wander to and fro, Thro' summer's drought and winter's chilling snow. X But when as with an overturning flood The waves of Arab conquest, fringed with blood. Broke on these lands, they wholly washed away Tathdgata's mild faith ; so at this day The Crescent gleams on minaret and dome In cities Gaiitama once made his home. Not all are faithful to their ancient Lord, When foes Uke Islam argue with the sword. XI It wandered eastward till the far Man-choo Heard of the Venerable One, and grew A lover of that sage ; and on its road To that far land in lessening waves it flowed Towards the north, throughout the vast extent Of Russia's mighty prison land ; and sent Sramana's name to all the dwellers in The wildernesses of the Lapp and Finn. and his Creed, 179 XII The Central Land received the precepts thus : The warriors of the monarch glorious Above all kings had conquered, and possest Themselves of trophies ; and among the rest A golden image of the Boodh ; but none , Could tell the great king of that glorious one. The wisest only knew from whence it came, And diversely did these pronounce its name. XIII That night the monarch, lying on his bed. Saw in the visions of his royal head A golden image, and the face thereof Was as a god's ; the broad brows were not rough With wrinkles, as in those who still must wage A war with sorrow, sickness, and old age. And yet be worsted in the bitter end. Then cried the image, ' Buddha bids thee send ' To regions westward where the great suns die, To seek for books and images, whereby Thou may est gain the knowledge thou dost lack.' So waking up from sleep, he was not slack In his obedience to that command ; For, laden with rich gifts, a goodly band Soon left the city at the king's behest. And turned their feet towards the far off west. 1 80 The Story of Gatitama Buddha XV And these well-sped, brought back a goodly store Of books and images, and, what was more, Men wise to teach the new-found faith ; and so The Centi'al Land received the faith of Foh ; And as the years rolled on it grew to be A rival to the faiths of Con-foo-tsee And Lao-tsee, and passing thence it won The Kingdom of the Birthplace of the Sun. XVI And travelling south, and prospering as it went, It won Tonkden, and Cochin China bent The knee to Buddha. Anam owned his might, Camboge and Laos hailed his welcome light. As also did" the land that fears the frown Of him who lords it in the floating town. And guards the great white elephants with care. So pakn-girt ddgobas rose everywhere. XVII It set its face towards the south, and pass'd Along' Malayan lands, and won at last Sumatra, and subdued the Javanese. Isles strewn like pearls about the tropic seas Received the law ; but these have turned aside, And now men serve with insolence and pride God and the Prophet, and heap scorn on those Who still serve Buddha, yea, and count them foes. and his Creed, i8i XVIII Bleak Tibet, tho' delaying long, at last Acknowledged Buddha; so from thence it pass'd Along the deathful ways whereof men tell, And reacht the melancholy plains where dwell The Mongol shepherds ; these amid their herds Gave ready hearing to the Lama's words : And so it spread and filled from pass to pass The wildernesses of the Land of Grass. XIX The land wherein its founder lived and died It ruled for centuries, while tide on tide Of pilgrims flockt into that holy land. At length the Brahman gained the upper hand. Then Buddhists, mindful of the master's word. And all unskilled at handling of the sword. Driven out, went forth to endless banishment, And spread their doctrines wheresoe'er they went. XX And thus it triumpht, tho' it loathed the sword That truer faiths have taught with, and abhorr'd All persecution and harsh violence, Nor used such even in its own defence. It cursed and banished none who deemed it good To bow before another lord than Boodh. It has no martyrs underneath the throne, It prospered thro' Benevolence alone. 1 82 The Story of Gat'ctama Buddha XXI So Buddha's name became a mighty power Throughout great empires. Even to this hour, Tho' well nigh banished from its native land, It rules elsewhere, and with a mighty hand. Whose children's children shall behold it die ? Still Tibet worships Boodh as God Most High, And grows not weary of a faith that deals With living Buddhas, and with praying wheels. XXII Thereof is Lanka still a citadel ; Amid her sorrows she has guarded well The faith Mahinda taught her in old days : Still Irawaddy hears great Jina's praise In all her course ; and Menam still o'erflows And floods the rice-fields and the lands of those Who serve Phra Kodom ; still the great Mekong, That mighty and swift river, roars along XXIII Thro' regions where the nations still revere Great Boodh, to whom they offer year by year The first fruits of the field and of the flock ; And old Cathay still wears the ancient yoke, And yellow-vested bonzes bending low Present their prayers and offerings to Fob, And call him Lord ; howbeit these now feel But little of the ancient love and zeal. and his Creed. 1 83 XXIV And westward where the Tycoon rules, men still Adore the Man god, who for good and ill Maintains his empire in that pleasant land Despite the old gods ; and the bonze's hand Still swings the censer in fair temples girt By groves and gardens ; still his lips assert, As heretofore, from weary age to age, The matchless glories of the mighty sage. XXV And still the dwellings of the Tatar hordes Display the images of Boodh : the swords That filled the earth with terror and the East With desolation and with death, nor ceast Until the empires of the Orient Became their spoils, are sheatht, or only bent Against the throats of cattle : wild of mood, Yet peaceable withal, these all serve Boodh. XXVI And everywhere throughout these lands may still Be seen the Buddha's images : they fill The topes and temples : they are gilt and gold. Cut in the living rock, formed in the mould. Framed of smooth ivory, or carved in wood ; Some wondrous works of art, some coarse and rude. Some of colossal magnitude, and some Worn on the person or kept in the home. 1 84 The Story of GaMama Buddha XXVII Some lie recumbent, and some sit; some stand, But most are seated cross-legg'd with one hand Laid in the lap, the other on the knee : But howsoever diverse they may be In other matters, in them all we trace Divinest calm writ plainly on each face ; And quietude and rest in form and limb : Such are the statues they have made to him. XXVIII No sorrow mars his visage; sitting calm Amid fair groves of tamarind and palm. He seems a part of Nature : calm as deep As of the ancient hills, which know not sleep, Yet seem for ever in a dreamful rest, Seems fallen upon him : in that tranquU breast Is nothing of life's toil and feverous fire ; He has attained unto his whole desire. and his Creed. 185 CANTO XII. I But now before I make an end of all The facts and fables of this tale, and fall To silence, I will show what Boodh made known, Or what some others of his faith have shown, About the founding of the worlds ; and how They rise from emptiness and night, and grow In fruitfulness and beauty, and at last Sink into ruin terrible and vast, II And perish wholly ; while instead thereof Rise other worlds as fair : but let none scoflFj Let all inclined to cavil and to rail Pass to the next division of this tale : But thou that seekest truth and art not bHnd, If thou miss truth herein, thou mayest find At least some profit. So be not aggrieved ; Learn what for ages milhons have believed. 1 86 The Story of GaAtama Buddha III The worlds are many as the drops of dew, Or blades of grass, or as the sands that strew The floors of deserts, oceans, lakes and seas ; And countless also as the leaves of trees. Or particles of dust in times of drought. Or drops of water, if one measured out The waters of the world, or grains of com, Or flakes of snow by winter winds down borne. IV And yet the sum of them is fully known To all the Buddhas, but to these alone: As also is the secret of that might By which, far swifter than a flash of light, They pass from world to world ; their wit and power, And how man's character lives in the hour When he himself ends, having run his course, An indestructible, creative force. V And how the universe at first arose : Concerning this the Buddha said to those Who would have askt him : ' Seek ye not to learn About this hiddeil thing; but rather turn Your thoughts to matters suited to your state. Know only that the universe is great Beyond your thought ; and that it ever was And ever will be : ask ye not its cause.' and his Creed. 187 VI The systems and the worlds, like men, alas, Have their appointed times : they change and pass. Are brought to nothingness, and then renewed In pristine beauty. Mid no quietude As of a just man's death do these decay ; Nor by slow forces are they worn away : By fierce destruction they are brought to nought, And leave a being only in man's thought. VII Fire, wind, and water are the instruments Of their destruction ; and these great events Fall in the fashion I will now relate. The ruler Maha Brahma, good and great, Lord of a Brahma-world, yet mindful still Of all the other worlds, of his free will And pity into all those worlds doth send To warn men duly of the awful end. VIIl But I must pause a little space, altho' Amidst of mighty changes, till I show This being's tenderness ; for reigning in The highest Brahma-world, he sees that sin And pain and sorrow, tho' they come not there. Abound, alas, in other worlds that fare Less happily; so in his heart there springs Perpetual pity for all sentient things. 1 88 The Story of Gautama Buddha IX Continually in his tranquil breast These wishes rise, ' May all become possest Of merit great as mine is and obtain A like reward ; ' and, ' May all beings gain Deliv'rance from the four hells and once more Taste happiness. May it be long before Change vex the dwellers in all worlds like mine,' And, ' May no being unrewarded pine.' X So out of pity pure and unalloy'd To all the worlds that are to be destroyed He sends a faithful deva. Now the same Is drest in garments coloured like a flame. With streaming eyes and with disordered hair. And face and form and aspect that all bear The signs of unfeigned trouble and sore grief. He does the bidding of his worthy chief. XI From world to world he goes and in all ears Sounds this dread message : ' In so many years This present age shall have an end, and then So many worlds of (ievas, gods and men. And all therein, shall be destroyed by fire. Now, lest ye share this ruin great and dire, Amend your ways or this devouring woe May prove but prelude to a worse below. and his Creed. 1 89 XII ' Assist your parents, and to all who claim Respect or reverence, haste to yield the same. Avoid the five sins : keep the five commands : And let no evil soil your hearts or hands, Nor yet your lips — Flee sin in every shape, So firom this evil ye may all escape. Tell this your children, and let them tell theirs, Lest it should fall upon you unawares.' Then men and devas feel unfeignfed fear : And trembling, to the deva they draw near And ask him, saying, ' How hast thou obtained This awful knowledge ? Say now hast thou gained The same by thine own wisdom ? or now did Another teach thee ? for this has been hid From men whom hereto we have counted wise.' Whereto the deva soberly replies : XIV ' O questioners, not of mine own accord Come I proclaiming this unwelcome word ; By Maha Brahma am I hither sent. Yet, since it is his will, I am content To be his messenger, altho' this prove A work wherein I win but little love; Nay, gibes and scoffings and hard words from some. And many sorrows for the woes to come.' 190 The Story of GaMama BuddJia XV So these obey the deva's word and warn Their children, and they theirs ; and such are bom In worlds that perish not by that fierce flame. But men are many and not all the same ; And while some heed, some others only mock, And make this faithfiil one a laughing stock, And jest at his grave face, and that red robe That shadows forth the burning of the globe. XVI They say moreover, ' How can this thing be ? Can fire lick up the waters of the sea ? Or drain the streams, or eat the rocky earth ? This thing is matter for a wise man's mirth. Go frighten women and weak-minded men : We've heard the like of this before, and then We cried, " An old wife's fable ! " And know thou We cannot think much better of it now.' XVII So by their jesting words they sow the seed Of hope and doubt ; and some who would give heed Now fear the raillery of their former friends. At last the mission of the deva ends, And he returns unto his former home. Now nevermore does any being come To warn them or remind them of their fate ; Tho' men soon lapse into their former state. and his Creed, 191 XVIII For tho' he preacht with faithfulness and power, Yet as the distance greatens from that hour, Although unto their doom the time grows less, Men sink into a blind forgetfulness, And turn again to their old joys and cares ; And, fuUy busied with the world's affairs. Think more of present ease than how to flee From all the evil that is yet to be. XIX So as the years go by they fall again TcL their old follies, yea, and warned in vain, To their old sins : so evil waxes rife ; Men lust and steal, speak falsely and take life, Commit the five sins, and neglect to keep The five commandments ; therefore they must weep A rain of bitter tears, tho' this will not Wash out their wickedness or change their lot. XX Howbeit with rehgious care some strive To keep the knowledge of this thing alive Within their hearts, and tell it to their sons. Yet ever in a lessening stream it runs From age to age, just as in distant lands Some rivers lessen, flowing through hot sands, Until they vanish wholly from men's gaze, Tho' they flow on still but by hidden ways. 192 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXI For soon the multitudes of those to whom The word first came, die off, and in their room Arise their children, who not having heard With their own ears the deva's solemn word, Give little heed thereto, yet make it known To their descendants, who by this have grown To question what men have so long believed And think their fathers might have been deceived. XXII And as the years roll on, their doubt, at first Dumb or low-spoken, waxes and well nurst Grows into flat denial. Even those Who still are heedful of the coming woes Do not a'gree, but with intensest hate Quarrel among themselves about the date. Or other matters, till with all the rest They grow to be a byword and a jest. XXIII The ages pass, and unbelief and sin Now fills the world, and few that are therein Now speak about the burning of the earth. And when they do, it only wakens mirth : Their children laugh at them, or take no note, Or think at heart, ' Ah, how the old folks dote ! This is their second childhood, and they show What their old nurses taught them long ago.' and his Creed. 193 XXIV Still centuries pass ; and now some sage who looks Among dim records, lights on some old books Writ in a tongue now obsolete although His fathers spoke it ; yet he toils therethrough, And learning of this greatest of all griefs, Discourses learnedly on old beliefs. And moraUses sagely thereupon, Remarking how much wiser men have grown. XXV Still years on years go by, and now at last The message, whereat once men stood aghast, Dies wholly out of all belief; not one In all the millions underneath the sun Now heeds it ; should some antiquary try To prove that it was once believed, those nigh Would smile and, by a love of truth impelled, Deny that ever such a thing was held. XXVI The world becomes corrupt : all forms of sin Now flourish openly ; and yet therein One form thereof eclipses all the rest By its surpassing greatness — in man's breast There bums insatiate lust and fierce desire : And so at last a veritable fire Bums them to ashes ; and ere this their lust Slays them by sore diseases, as is just. o 194 "^^ Story of Gautama Bttddha XXVII And so the ending of the age draws near. At length the last day dawns, and yet no fear Is in men's hearts, for they perceive it not. The reckoning of the years is clean forgot : No signs of wrath are in the cloudless sky, Benignly still the sun smiles from on high ; Still bounteous Nature to the reaper yields The precious harvests of her floods and fields. XXVIII The day dies down in peace : the world's great light Bequeaths the broad earth to the tranquil night, And all seek sleep, unweeting of their doom. The next day dawns, and lo ! a welcome gloom Sobers the earth, for there is rain o'erhead. And presently the cooling showers are shed Thro' all the worlds, and all therein are glad. Why should the coming of the rain make sad ? XXIX At last it ceases, then the joyous birds Fill heaVn with music, and the sober herds Crop the new grass : the wild beasts every one Shake their wet fells and seek the welcome sun ; The flowers give forth their scents tho' none may heed, And man goes forth and sows the world with seed From which he thinks that harvests fi-om the mould Will rise and pay him back a hundred-fold. and his Cr^eed. 195, XXX But never harvest from that seed is bom ; No sickle smites against the rustling corn ; No women toil to grind it into bread j For never rain falls more, so dry and dead The seeds abide beneath the dusty clods, Tho' prayers besiege the dwellings of the gods : Men fly to saints and wizards, but in vain. So all things languish for the lack of rain. XXXI Soon every green herb dies ; and every wood And forest withers up — there is no food : The wells dry up, and there is nought to drink But in far lakes and rivers; so men sink And die by millions, and the dusty earth Is covered with their carcases. The dearth Extends to devas and to other folk, And smites all beings with an equal stroke. XXXII The devas that reside in flowers and trees, Yakds, gartindas, ndkas, men — all these Endure much agony, then droop and die ; And then all bom in deva-worlds that lie Beyond the reach of that devouring heat, And then in Brahma- worlds ; but, as is meet, The beings meritless, the record tells. Find further punishment in far-off hells. 196 The Story of Gautama Buddha XXXIII And so the earth becomes an empty place, Lifeless and voiceless, and thus bides a space ; When suddenly a second sun appears For her affliction ; then wide-spreading meres, The lesser rivers, and the lakes and tanks Soon disappear ; and all between their banks Is nothing but white sand or stonelike mud. Yet Ganges rolls along a dwindled flood ; XXXIV And Brahmapootra yields a sickly tide. And so does Indus and two streamr beside, For Himalaya's mighty store of snow Fails not as yet ; but soon the stedfast glow Of that unsetting sun lays bare what man Has never lookt on since the world began : Himkla lays aside her garments wan : No particle of snow remains thereon. XXXV The earth is crackt and rent on hill and plain. And from a thousand mouths calls out for rain Whereon a third sun rises in the sky, And there abides and thence relentlessly Shrivels the earth with fierce consuming gaze. The deva of the first sun in amaze And terror quits his orb, which still shines on, Tho' all untenanted when he is gone. and his Creed. 197 XXXVI A fourth sun rises ; then the sea-like lakes Boil and are troubled, and the tumult shakes Their ghastly shores, for corpses line the banks Of lakes and rivers and of pools and tanks. For there they crawl and lay them down and die, And now Hke heaps of withered sticks they lie And wait the fire which now is drawing near. At last the great lakes wholly disappear, XXXVII Then is a fifth sun formed, whereat the seas Grow less, then vanish, and not only these. But even the oceans, fathomless and vast, Are emptied, drained, and dried, and at the last Have not wherewith to slake an insect's thirst So earth is waterless, and now the worst Is past and gone — all life is fled away. And there is nought for future suns to slay. XXXVIII The crispfed earth is like a piece of coke. A sixth, and lo ! the earth begins to smoke, At first a little, and then more and more. And all the suns are hidden, yet they pour Their hot beams down with unrelenting glow, And evermore the cloud-like masses grow And fill the heav'n with volumes hot and dense. And now the world waits in a dread suspense. 198 The Story of Gaiitama Buddha XXXIX A seventh sun ! and lo ! the flames are curl'd About the diy mass of the smoking world, AVhich roars and crackles in the quenchless fire. The whole round world is one gigantic pyre Wliereon the myriads of the dead are laid. The last sun was the torch, for by its aid The flames were lit ; hark how they roar and hiss What are the burnings of great kings to this ? XL The world bums on for ages with a roar Of thunderous noises : blasted to the core It reels beneath the heaven-resounding shocks Of riven mountains and descending rocks. The rock-knit valleys are all rent apart. The fire eats down into its very heart, And falls upon the core and feeds thereon, Till every vestige of the whole is gone. XLI So Maha Brahma's messenger spake truth, The' old age smU'd its doubts, and froward youth Laught, saying, ' If the world catch fire, no doubt The Himalayan snows will put it out,' And made his words a target for its wit. These, though they die and pass, can never quit The worlds that are to be destroyed, and so Cannot escape from that derided woe. and his Creed. 199 XLII The fire bums on till there is nought to burn, Till ev'n a Buddha's eyes could not discern A particle of ash throughout the space In which those worlds and systems once had place. So all these worlds are utterly destroyed And brought to nothing, and a flawless void Is in the heav'ns — a vast and dark abyss. Was ever a destruction like to this ? XLIII And thus it is for ages, but at last Dawns a new cycle : then into that vast And sunless void a ceaseless rain pours down Thro' many ages, till the space has grown Filled with fresh water ; then therein are formed Worlds equal to the sum of those that swarmed In that same space before they felt the sev'n Great suns, and perisht with the fire from heav'n^ XLIV The work of ages, here each system lies. Then firom all sides of heav'n strong winds arise And blow upon the watery mass, and these Dry up the waters, but by slow degrees. And first:appear the Brahma-worlds, and then The Deva- worlds, and lastly that of men. But first in this (as last to be destroyed) The Bo-tree's birthplace rises from the void» 200 The Story of Gautama Buddha XLV A lotus marks the spot, and if in that Commencing cycle any Bodhisat Should gain the Buddhaship, the lotus bears One blossom ; and if more than one appears More than one Buddha will arise ; no flower Thus means no Buddha. Brahmas great in power Come down to seek for flowers, and if they find, Cry, ' There will be salvation for mankind.' XLVI Seven times this thing befalls our heavens and earth And others, and seven times new worlds have birth ; Seven times new suns glow, and fresh life appears ; Seven times inhabitants of other spheres Find here new homes, and stock the world with men, The seventh great cycle fills its term, and then No fire bursts forth as on each former day, But mighty waters wear the world away. XLVII But ere that day there comes a warning word, As heretofore, the which when men have heard They go their ways to ponder or make mirth, And violence in time fills all the earth. The seasons come and go, the years pass by, The ages roll away, the end draws nigh. And comes at last, unknown, and once again Throughout all worlds there falls a welcome rain ; and his Creed. 201 XLVIII And man rejoices, and not man alone. And once again the world is ploughed and sown, And man has made provision for his need. Vain labour, and vain scattering of seed That none shall reap : the rain-clouds reappear, And rain falls and continues till men fear Their late-sown seed will all be washt away, The which thing happens on a hastening day. XLIX The rains descend increasingly : the brook Now grows a river, and the rivers look Like shoreless seas, and on their currents bear Vast multitudes, whirl'd on they know not where, Except it be to death. The rain falls now In fiercer torrents, and the tree-tops bow And break beneath it, while at times whole woods With their foundations slip into the floods. The huts and homes of men are flattened down ; Then all cry, ' Fly we to the safer town ! ' The roofs of palaces are broken in ; The mighty temples fall with awful din. And multitudes that hoped to find in these God-given refuge, perish. By degrees The plains are covered, then tumultuously To hills and mountains all the people flee. 202 The Story of GaMama Buddha LI And heeding not the cry of those too weak To follow them, they hasten on to seek Some refuge from the fast-pursuing flood. Which, thick with carcases and dense with mud, Devours the earth behind them. Man and beast Now struggle with each other, not for feast Of flesh and blood, but room whereon to stand, And crowd together on the lessening land. Lir And then begins an agonizing strife ; For just to gain a few short hours of life Men battle fiercely for the highest ground ; Yet notwithstanding noble deeds abound : Men set their children or their wives on high,^ Then leap into the flood to choke and die Before their faces; and appealing hands Make death-given vacancies on higher stands* LIII Why lengthen out the agony until Men curse or weep ? The floods creep higher still Till Himalaya's highest peak alone Remains uncovered — this is overflown, Then all is one blank ocean ; over all Is gloom and silence, for no voices call For succour, and no arms reach up in vain : The world has perisht by the scourge of rain. and his Creed. 203 LIV This is no flood from which those worlds arise More fruitfiil than aforetime : never eyes Behold them more, in time they cease to be. All things that have their dwellings in the sea Or other waters, die and pass away, And these corrosive waters day by day. And age by age, gnaw at the worlds they hide Till not one speck of them can be descried. Thro' slow formative ages worlds are formed Within the deeps ; and rising out are warmed By new-made suns, and life appears once more. Seven times this thing befalls, but when threescore And three destructions are gone by and paatj A new destruction happens, and this last Is wrought by winds. But I will now relate The fashion of this all-surpassing fate. LVI Before that end arrives the worlds grow filled With blameful ignorance : men grow unskilled In even common arts of life ; thereby Come pest and famine, and whole millions die Upon the foodful earth for lack of bread And want of wisdom ; and at last o'erhead The rain-clouds that proclaim the end are massed : Unknown to all, the day of grace has passed. 204 The Story of Gazitama Buddha LVII The rains descend : they slake the earth's deep thirst; The clouds are rolled away: all things outburst In one glad anthem. But the earth again Grows hot and dry, while still on hill and plain The great sun glares with desiccating gaze ; But presently a gentle breeze allays The stifling heat, and men creep out once more. And go about their labours as before. Lvin The sweating toiler as he drives his plough Along the dusty furrows, pauses now And rests awhile amid the stony clods To wipe his beaded face and thank the gods : Ships long-becalmed at sea resume their course : The languid sybarites now feel new force And rise to make provision for their lusts. The wind increases, blowing in sharp gusts. LIX As yet none fear, for wherefore should they dread The outblown garment or uncovered head ? Such things are only matter for their murth. And now the dust is blown about the earth ; The sand soon follows and pours down like rain, And all seek shelter, for the burning grain Is in all nostrils and all streaming eyes : The torn-off leaves make darkness in the skies. and his Creed. 205 LX The wind goes on increasing night and day : Whole villages at length are swept away ; And those who seek escape are beaten down And bruised and broken on the earth, and blown And rolled about like feathers : in that blast The trees are snapt like reeds : the stones roll past, The gravel is torn up, and grides and roars More than the shingle on a thousand shores. LXI The clods and stones are whirled about, and still That wind grows greater and more great, until Great rocks that many men would strive in vain To move, are loosed and rolled about the plain Or down the mountain-side : the fierce winds beat Against the forests, and as fields of wheat Are beaten down, so these are all laid prone ; With mighty crashings are they overthrown. LXII Snapt off or torn up by the roots they fall, And in their ruin whelm and stifle all Cowering beneath; to wit the quaking tribes Of birds and beasts : the elephant's huge ribs Mingle their crackling with the rending trees. The rivers are blown from their beds, the seas RoU up the bounding hills a thundering tide. And choke the valleys on the further side. 2o6 The Story of Gautama Buddha Lxiir Then comes the wind that is to loose the world : The seas are blown to spray, the rocks are hurled Against the skies, and all the air is rife With awful noises. Then begins a strife To which the battles of the gods who fought With earth-bom Titans are as things of nought. Or games of children when in merry hours They pelt each other with soft-smiting flowers. LXIV The winds have made the universe their prey, The strong foundations of the worlds give way; The worlds are moved, they stagger, reel, and fall : The suns and moons are shaken out, and all Confusedly about the skies are blown : The systems fall asunder and roll down, Fall in with others, and with crushing force Gride one another in their onward course. Fierce discord follows : world is dasht on world With countless thunders : mighty suns are hurl'd On suns as mighty : with resistless might Whole streams of systems in their maddened flight Rush on their like and perish, rent and smasht. The hells beat on the heav'ns ; the heav'ns are dasht Against the hells, which, bursting, light up space. Woe to their dwellers for they have no grace ! and his Creed, 20J LXVI The strife goes on, vast rocks are dasht on rocks, Heaven fills with flames and space resounding shocks. And far-ofi" worlds are moved and those therein Fear, and sore troubled turn them from their sin. Earths fall to fragments ; oceans, lakes, and seas Whirl, shaken from their beds and mix ; then these Are dasht upon the blazing hells and make A tumult at the which the far gods quake, Lxvir The crash and roar of that terrific strife Sounds thro' the breadth of space. The heav'ns are rife With grinding up of worlds and orbs that crash In horrible collision : red hells flash, And earths are grated up, and suns and spheres Are split asunder till all disappears Ground up to nothing, and till not two grains, Nay not one atom, of the whole remains. Lxviir And thus the winds work out the mighty doom. And silence and impenetrable gloom Fill up the mighty void ; and when again Another cycle dawns a forming rain Falls thereinto, and from abysmal birth At last there rises up new heavens and earth ; And these are stockt, as on each former day, From far-off worlds which never pass away. 2o8 The Story of GaMama Buddha LXIX Thus all the worlds are utterly destroyed, And thus new worlds rise from the darkened void ; Thus they are peopled from the distant spheres. Now if this thing be grievous in your ears, And ye are like to curse as ye are made Hear milUons shrieking for ungranted aid, Curse on, but curse ye not the gods, for know That these are guiltless of such mighty woe. LXX Curse ye demerit, for this thing alone Supplies the power by which such things are done ; The whole demerit of all beings burns, Melts, and grinds up the universe by turns. And their united merit forms a new. So systems perish, so they rise to view. And have their birth and blossom and decay. And have done ever, and will do alway. LXXI But what of Buddha, and his creed amid The cychc changes ? Has that great one hid The matter from us ? Nay, in startled ears He cried : ' My creed shall live five thousand years ; I shall lead countless multitudes to peace. And at the &d thereof my reign shall cease ; Another Buddha shall appear, and I And all the glory of my reign go by.' and his Creed. 209 CANTO XIII. I Can we despise him, or revile his creed, Or curse his greatness ? Whatsoe'er his meed, He surely does not merit our contempt, Tho' he may have our censure, and we empt The vials of our wrath upon his head. Because 'he wandered from the truth and led The East astray: yet tho' his crime be great, He seems more worthy of our love than hate. II For tender as a woman is, and mild And meek and loving as a little child, This man appears ; yet with a quiet strength He wrought his work and ran the weary length Of his long course ; yet lookt he for no bowers Of paradise, nor did he tread on flowers. Nor were rough places levelled to his feet, Whate'er the foolish legends may repeat. p 2 10 The Story of Gautama Buddha III Not his the hope that there would come a time Of recompense, when in some happier clime His work should be rewarded, and when all Whom he had saved with joyful tears should fall Upon his bosom, saying: ' All that we Now have or are, O friend, we owe to thee ! Thou savedst us when in an evil case. Thou leddest us unto this happy place.' IV We will not hate him, but shall we be blamed If we admire and love the man who shamed, By love and gentleness in word and deed, The harsh disciples of a nobler creed ? Or shall we feel the hasty bigot's rod Because we deem him like the Son of God ? Howe'er it be, his name shall be enrolled Among the foremost of the great of old. V But thou who criest, ' Justice knows no ruth ; Can he be beautiful who fails in truth ? Can he be worthy of a man's regard Who has dethroned his Maker, and tried hard To rob Him of all worship ? who denied Life to the Life of all things, and, blind-eyed, Gazed on the stars and on the sun and moon ? Judge not too quickly nor condemn too soon. and his Creed. 2ii VI He wrought with God and Nature, and prevailed ; He strove with God and Nature, and he failed ; He strove with systems, and the human mind Became his bondman ; but he failed to bind The heart for long : this burst his bands and broke From his uneasy and unlovely yoke, And ceased not worrying the mind until The traitor intellect had wrought its will. For as of old the regions of the dead Were peopled with the living, tho' one said, ' Therein is neither knowledge, nor device. Nor work nor wisdom ;' and, as Paradise And Hell sprang up therein at man's command. Until the Land of Darkness and the Land Of Silence and Forgetfulness thus grew A busy empire to the later Jew ; VIII So in the lapse of time it came about That of Nirvana or the blowing out Of all existence, even as a breath Blows out a flickering flame, as none love death. They made a paradise, wherein alone Life's evUs perish, utterly out-blown ; Where no more vext by any evil strife, Man lives a blessbd and eternal life. 2 1 2 The Story of Gautama Buddha IX He let the gods live on, but dragged them down From their high seats. So Brahma lost his crown, Brahm was forgotten, and he made them all Meek suppliants for his rest ; so, great and small, The gods all served him. Thus this man bereaved The East of its old idols ; sorely grieved Were men thereat, because the heart alway Must worship something whatsoe'er men say. X So choosing Boodh (they might have chos'n a worse) Upon the high throne of the universe He had made vacant, thinking none should sit Thereon for ever, seeing none were fit ; They placed him, and with all the gods bow'd down, And did him homage, yea, and, foolish grown, They called him God ; and thus the dead man reigns Supreme thro' Tibet and the Mongol plains. XI Yet mightily and with a healing strife He stirred the stagnant pool of Eastern life, And toucht the hard heart of the cruel East Wtth love and tenderness for man and beast ; And shamed the people of their thirst for blood. And made men brothers, and held back the flood Of men's uncleanness, and made goodness wise, And virtue lovely in the people's eyes. and his Creed. 213 XII Bare-headed, and bare-footed monk, say why Thou dost so love the Boodh ? He makes reply : ' Because the Boodh when yet a Bodhisat, And subject to the many evils that Attend on birth, refused Nirvana so That he might gain the Buddhaship, and know The causes of continuance, and then Proclaim deliverance to gods and men. XIII ' All for the joy of making known the way Of endless peace upon a distant day. He bore to live unblest ; so we love him Because he cast himself into the stream Of being, and for our sakes was content To bear its many griefs : compassion lent The strength he needed, for he oft would fain Have reacht Nirvdna and the end of pain. XIV ' Thro' myriads of ages he foresaw His exaltation. Pleasure could not draw Nor sorrow turn him back, and so at last He gained the Buddhaship ; but ere this, pass'd Thro' many forms of being ; at one time He was a monarch putting down all crime And ruling justly, strong to slay or save ; Another time he was a beaten slave ; 214 The Story of Gaiitama Buddha XV 'An elephant, he bore upon his neck A driver, and turned meekly at his beck Whereso he listed ; also he became A driver, and in turn did just the same As his old driver in an age gone by ; ' An eagle, he soared proudly thro' the sky ; A serpent, o'er the dust he dragged his length ; A horse, he gloried in his mighty strength ; XVI ' A crow, he fed on carrion ; a dog, A jackal, and an ape, a fish, a frog, A lion roaring thro' the woods, a deer Pursued by lions or the flying spear Of some swift huntsman pressing close behind ; An outcast of all castes ; yea, and I find A devil-dancer— all these he became. For our salvation : blessfed be his name ! ' XVII To those who deem life burdensome, and those Whose highest happiness is calm repose. The great ascetic's name will still be dear ; And beautiful will his meek life appear To all who deem humility a grace ; The kind wiU see a beauty in his face ; And few indeed shall speak of him with scorn, And fewer curse the day when he was bom. and his Creed. 215 XVIII A Greater yet shall cause him to dismount From his high throne ; till then his faith shall count Its followers by nations, and survive The dying out of empires, and still live Tho' dynasties and kingdoms taste of death. This faith has flourisht as none other faith Has ever flourisht, and it shall not die Until the passing of the earth and sky. XIX It has beheld the casting down of thrones, The birth and death of empires, seen the stones Of ruined cities quarried, watcht the birth And growth of systems that still rule the earth ; Borne bitter persecution, hollowed out The mountains into temples, where the drought Of summer comes not and the owls keep tryst, Nor yielded to Mohammed or to Christ. xx; The Orient may still call Buddha lord And languish for his rest, and still his word May rule the multitudes that dote and dream ; But we are children of the North, and deem Existence is no burden, and think hfe Not over-joyous yet a noble strife ; And hate inaction and the torpid rest The hopeless followers of Boodh deem best. 2i6 The Story of GaMama BuddJia XXI Our sires of old were worshippers of Thor And all the hearty Norse gods : they made war Against the West and conquered: from their home In the bleak North they swarmed, and world-great Rome Was broken by them and became their prey ; A mighty spoil, not to be reft away EVn from their children's children. We have still The olden vigour and the ancient will. XXII We serve the Lord Christ now, and yet outvie The great deeds of our fathers : lands that lie Beyond the sunset know us : in the South We make our dwellings ; all the lands of drouth Amazed, behold us ; and we have not ceast To hold the empire of the slothful East ; And old Cathay shall stay us sooner than Our name shall be forgotten in Japan. XXIII A restless people, an inventive race, We think and travel at a giant pace ; Our changes tread upon each other's heels ; The roar of engines and the whirr of wheels Are our familiar noises : we have turned The world into a workshop, and have learned To yoke the powers of Nature, and, grown wise. Steam o'er the seas and navigate the skies. attd his Creed. 217 XXIV So Buddha may not lord it in the West Among the nations who abhor his rest ; We deem his arguments too weak to Wind The well-train'd reason, or deceive the mind, Or maze the thought, for we have learnt to speak And judge and reason hke the subtle Greek : We try the bases whereon creeds are built, And think we know the golden from the gilt. XXV Moreover we serve Christ, a grander far Than Indian Buddha. As the morning star He beams prophetic of a coming day : All else are marsh-lights and lead far astray ; His deeds are godhke and His words are sure ; His kingdom yet shall come, and shall endure For endless ages thro' the breadth and girth Of this wide-pastured many-peopled earth. XXVI Then shall great Asia serve a worthy Lord ; Then shall the nations of the East accord Their love and homage to a faultless king. TiU then her change of dynasties must bring A change of tyrants only. Till that day Must scheming sophists lead her far astray, And all her many-millioned lands pine on In hopeless languor as in years agone. Q 2i8 TJie Story of Gautama Buddha XXVII Him shall none deem contemptible because He binds His followers with no grievous laws Of meat and drink and raiment, nor yet chides The slaying of foul things, nor yet forbids All such as hunger for a higher life To take the name of husband or of wife, Nor drives us into solitude to win Inglorious victories over famisht sin. XXVIII O Buddha ! to the weary and opprest With many sorrows, thou dost promise rest, As deeming that most sweet, since men must live A life of toilsome vanity, and give Their hearts to sorrow and their eyes to tears. We envy not thy rest ; the coming years Will bring us to a rest as calm and deep, ' For so God giveth his belovfed sleep.' XXIX He bringeth night upon us, and the day With its loud empty noises dies away, And we lie passionless, and meek, and still. As wearied with the strife of good and ill ; He giveth darkness, and men rest ; likewise He giveth morning, and the sleepers rise Refresht and strengthened : winter leads to spring. ' Ye dwellers in the dust, awake and sing.' and his Creed. XXX Compassionate art thou, and yet, O Boodh ! To whom thou givest death as thy best good, He giveth Hfe eternal : and to those Whom thou dost seek to burden with the woes Of endless being as their meet reward, A grander punishment He will accord — They shall die utterly, and, as one saith, Have their meet portion in a second death. XXXI Thy saints die sorrowfully, knowing not What is appointed as their future lot. Since this world's sorrows may not have sufhc'd For old demerits : not uncheered by Christ Do our loth feet descend the dreadful slope : ' Our flesh moreover shall abide in hope.' We know the when and whither : strong to save, God will not leave us in the loathsome grave. XXXII All faiths have had their martyrs, and all creeds Can boast of heroes, and right noble deeds Have men done, battling for a worthless cause. And all men seek not profit or applause. O Fa Hian and Hwen Thsang ! your love and zeal And gentleness and patience all reveal The sweetness and the loveliness and good That have been fostered by the faith of Boodh. 219 220 The Story of Gautama Buddha. XXXIII We, who are aliens to your land and faith, Claim ye as brethren, and not fearing scath Unto our own, we deem ye are indeed The Christ-like followers of a godless creed. May'st thou, O pilgrim, who didst wish to be Born in the world again, there faithfully To serve the next Boodh, have a better meed Than ever promist by thy gloomy creed ! XXXIV And now the story of his life is told, And some scant records of his fame unroll'd, I will be silent, lest ye think I seem To love to linger on so sad a theme ; And ye have listened patiently and long To me an unknown singer, and my song Perchance has wearied you, for men in time Grow weary of the harmonies of rhyme. THE END. LONDON : PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE AND PAKLIAMKNT STREET &EIEML LIST OE WORKS PUBLISHBD BT Messrs. LONGMANS, GREEN, and GO. PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON. History, Politics, Historical Memoirs, &c. The HISTOET of ENGLAND from the Fall of Wolsey to the Defeat of the Spanish Armada. By JA.ME9 Ahthont Fkoctbe, M.A. late Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. LiBEAKT Edition, 12 Vois. 8vo. price £8 18s. Cabinet Edition, in 12 Tola, crown 8vo. price 72«. The HISTORY of ENGLAND from the Accession of James II. By Lord MACAtTLAT. Student's Edition, 2 vols, crown 8vo. 12«. 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MAGinBB's life of Father Mathew 3 Pope Pius ZK. t * Malbt's Overthrow of the Gfermanic Con- federatiou by Pnifl3ia 2 AfAKsmsG's England and CUriiteuuom .... 21 MAbcest on the Larynx 15 Mabshall's Canadian Dbminioir. II Phyaiology. 15 AlABSHUAN'Bliifeof Hayelock :. 5 'F^nt''*y "f-TnHi'q ,,,, 3 Mabtznbatt's Christian Life W KTAH RTwoRTBitD'a History oftheBeformation 4 SCATJudbb'S Biographical Treasujy 6 -._^— ^— .'^Geographical Treaanry 11 . Historicai TrBOBury i Scientific and liiteiory ^nrea"- anry IS Tieafiury oi Knowledge 28 Treasury of Natural Hiatory 13 BEAT'S Constitutional History of England. . 1 ]ICbltzllb*s Novels and Tales j.m. 84.&.25 SCHNDBiaSSOHH'B Letters ,. S ]£Bar7Ai^*a Fall of the.Boman BepubliA.. 3 — Bomana under the Umpjre S MEBBiBiBLD and £v3b!8 N&yigation .... II M"-TM on Horse's Foot and Hbrseahoeing .^ 27, Horses* Teeth and Stablea 27 Wn T. (-TQ on the Mind Mill (J. 9.) on liberty 6: ouBepresentative (ToTemment 6 on Utilitarianism... 6' fiCiLX.*S (J. S.) 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Becreationsjof^aiGonutxy Parson.... 8 Beiohel'b See of Bome. „»...... ao BiELLicr's Map.afJk[ont£lanc-.. 23 Bboluth on AAilinaiDyea. lA BiYBBs' BoseiAmateur'aGuide ........... 13' Cavaliy Catechism... 87 I's Correspondence of Greyson 9 Eclipse of Faith 9 Defence of ditto g B06£T!B~English Words ajid Phrases 7 EONALD'S Fly-Fisher's Entomology 27 BoSB-'a Ignatius lioyolti 9 EoTHfiOHiLD's Israelites,...., a) HowTOH'a Debater .„ 7 BirssjEUj:i'aPau.and the Puenees... ....... 32 SANDABB'a Justinian's Instittites 5 SAViLBon theTruthoftticBiWd^ ly SOhallhs'b Spectrum Anidysifli 11 ffcOTT'fi Lectures on -tiieMue'Arts" I6 AlbertDoier is B bbbo hm'b Oxford BefSrmeia-of 1 498 a -S&WBEJi'a After lift. 94 Amy Herbert 91 ■ CleveHall 94 ■ Earl's Daiicjhter. 94 • Ezominatioii ftu ConfirmatioQ .. 9i NEW "WORKS PTJBLIBHED BY LONGMANS and OO. SEWBLi:,'a3BiperienceofLite 24 . 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