1 I I. ^N € 'I v^^^ i-^^ *V ■»^ U^l / CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ^^^- -^T- ' ^ Kkv. \V. r.. ))K Vkiks - »7 ^ iPfi^i^^^t::^" ?^^^ 5 WOODLEY ROAD OU NT ST. ALB AN THIS BOOK IS THE GIFT OP Henry Pelouze de Forest Class of 1884 Cornell University Library F 204C3 D51 Foundation stone book. Washington cathed olin 3 1924 028 858 094 •^^ ^ s*^ €■ €. ^ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028858094 WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL PERSPliCTIVE VIEW OK TMF. WEST FRONT [From the Architect's Revised Drawing] .Si- w.x. De vmb?, ?h. d.; IBrittrn atib J^ubllBlfpJi bg (Stlat of % Hiidfoti anit (£hiHptet of Wastftngton "7/1 '«o C> PRESS OF BYRON 3. ADAMS WASHINGTON, JJ. U. aL ^ of &t f rt^r ani §t pul UaBljmgtnn Pte$iQem anD Dean The Bishop Canons Rev. Randolph H. McKim, d.d., ll.d. Rev. Alfred Harding^ d.d. Rev. W. L. De Vries, ph.d. Rev. G. C. Bratenahl jLap ^emtiets John M. Wilson, Brig.-General U. S. A., Secretary Charles C. Glover, Esq. John A. Kasson, Esq. George Truesdell, Esq. James Lowndes, Esq. George Dewey, Admiral U. S. N. Charles J. Bell, Esq. Thomas Hyde, Esq., Treasurer. Daniel C. Gilman, ll.d., d.cl. William C. Rives, m.d. Ptotto$t The Bishop CounciUor0 Rev. C. S. Abbott, Jr. Rev. John A. Aspinwall Rev. Jas. H. W. Blake Rev. G. C. Bratenahl Rev. Charles E. Buck Rev. W. L. De Vries, ph.d. Rev. G. F. Dudley Rev. E. S. Dunlap Ven. G. C. GrahaMj Jr. Ven. R. p. Clerical Rev. Alfred Harding, d.d. Rev. F. B. Howden Rev. Arthur S. Johns Ven. C. I. La Roche Rev. G. H. McGrew, d.d. Rev. R. H. McKim, d.d., ll.d. Rev. Thos. J. Packard, d.d. Rev. C. Ernest Smith, d.d., d.cl. Rev. R. C. Smith, d. d. Williams, Secretary. JLait a^emtiets W. D. Baldwin, Esq. Chas. J. Bell, Esq. Arthur S. Browne, Esq. Melville Church, Esq. George Dewey, Admiral U. S. N. Daniel C. Gilman, ll.d., d.cl. Charles C. Glover, Esq. J. Holdsworth Gordon, Esq. Charles J. Hedrick, Esq. Thomas Hyde, Esq. John M. Wilson, Brig. John A. Kasson, Esq. Stephen E. Kramer, Esq. Blair Lee, Esq. James Lowndes, Esq. Thomas Nelson Page, ll.d. Wm. C. Rives, m.d. W. H. Singleton, Esq. Chas. H. Stanley, Esq. George Truesdell, Esq. L. Allison Wilmer, Esq. ■General U. S. A. Table of Contents Page Preface i In Memoriam : Henry Yates Satterlee, Bishop and Doctor iii Introduction 7 The Preparation 11 The First Beginnings 13 The Preparation of the Cathedral Close 16 The Bishop's Preparations 20 Compiling and Printing the Services 21 The Ceremonial Preparation 23 The Grand Marshal's Work 25 The Hospitality Arrangements 26 The Choice of Men to Minister 30 The Final Preparations 33 The Great Day of the Feast 37 The Laying of the Foundation Stone 39 Interlude 47 The Brotherhood Service 48 Aftermath SI The Forms Appointed for the Services . . S3 The Office for the Laying of the Foundation Stone S5 The Brotherhood Service 85 The Form for the Dedication of the Canterbury Ambon 87 The Office for Turning the First Sod for the Cathedral 91 Rationale of the Services 97 The Addresses 105 The President of the United States 107 The Bishop of London — Salutation 108 Brotherhood Address Ill The Bishop of Washington 116 Justice Brewer 117 Father Waggett 123 Impressions and Appreciations 131 Bishop Tuttle 133 Archbishop Nuttall 134 Bishop Parker 136 Rev. Dr. Huntington 139 Thomas Nelson Page, Esq 140 N. Ferrar Davidson, Esq 144 St. Andrew's Cross 145 Varia 147 Register of Bishops Present 149 The Order of Ceremonies 153 The Inscription on the Foundation Stone 158 List of Illustrations Perspective View of the West Front of Washington Cathedral, from the Architect's Revised Drawing Frontispiece Portrait of the Bishop of Washington Opposite page iii View of the Peace Cross and Salem . " " 11 The Plan of the Catljedral Close " " 16 Views of the Cathedral Schools " " 24 View of Washington from the Close " " 34 Perspective View of the South Front of the Cathedral ... " " 40 A View of the Visiting Clergy in Procession at Laying of the Foundation Stone " " 42 Laying the Foundation Stone " " 46 The Procession at the Brotherhood Service " " 49 Perspective View of the West Front as first designed . . . " " 59 Perspective View of the Nave and Choir, Interior " " 84 The Ground Plan of the Cathedral " " 91 The Plan for the Bethlehem Chapel " " 97 President Roosevelt speaking at the Foundation Stone Service " " 108 The Bishop of London speaking at the Brotherhood Service . " " 114 The Canterbury Ambon " " 120 The Bishop of Washington and the Cathedral Chapter . . . " " 131 The Little Sanctuary, Exterior " " 134 The Visiting Bishops Opposite pages 149 to 152 The Little Sanctuary, Interior 158 fr^far? This book was set up in type and within two days of going through the press when our Bishop was taken from his earthly labors to his rest and refreshment in Paradise. Not a word or letter has been changed, as he had revised and ap- proved the whole. But publication was delayed, and a brief memoir has been added, at the suggestion of Mr. Thomas Nel- son Page, and by unanimous request of the Cathedral Council. This memoir is necessarily but a sketch, and it is also imperfect in its estimate of a great man, because he has gone too recently for a long perspective, and because the writer is prevented both by love and his own limitations from seeing clearly. It is put forth in this place and at this time because superior judgment and high authorities believe that those who knew and loved him would desire at once to have a short and correct account of our Bishop's life and works. It is therefore incorporated into this book, which it was his plan to send to all the bishops in this country, to all his clergy, to all taking responsible part in the service of Michaelmas, a.d. 1907, and to all known friends of his Cathedral and Diocese. His intentions in this regard the Cathedral Chapter feel it a privilege to carry into effect. It is now permissible to say that the Bishop had much larger part in preparing and planning for the Foundation Stone Ser- vice than appears in the text of this'.boqk. When he revised the manuscript he cut out ,ev^yj', 'reference to'hjmself, except such as could not be avoided'„-'. By urgent pei^uaSion he was in- duced to restore a few./ Wis was characteristic;' for humility and selflessness were drriong his most conspicuoiVs tl-aits. But the idea of the service and: it.^' pfalrtjing Ajii«re essentially his, and in the preparati6ns for it he foresaw and arranged for every possible detail and contingency in the conduct of an occa- sion necessarily full of prolalems and difficultie,3. ii Preface Those who would know the Bishop's whole heart and mind as to his Cathedral should read his two books, "The Building of a Cathedral," and "The Cathedral Builders Book, or Wash- ing Cathedral and the Working Out of An Ideal." The last named was published in the last days of his life. The record of what has been already done is given in the fifth edition of the Cathedral Handbook. All of these may be had of Canon Bratenahl, Mount St. Alban, Washington, D. C. In the preparation of this present book the writer has had constant and invaluable help at every step and in every part from his associate on the publication committee of the Chapter, Canon Bratenahl. The manuscript was also carefully and kindly revised by Canon Harding. The Treasurer of the Cathedral, Thomas Hyde, Esq., is yet another who has taken large and generous part in the production of the book. W. L. De Vries Washington The Feast of the Annunciation A.D. 1908 HENRY YATES SATTERLEE, D.D., LL.D. Bishop of Washington The Feast of the Annunciation A.D. 1896 to February 22, A.D. 1908 • • • • • ••• . •. •• • DeparteD t{)i0 life, in be fait!) anD feat of ®oii, jfeliruarp 22, a. 2). 1908 Henry Yates Satterlee was born in New York City January II, A.D. 1843. His father was Edward Satterlee, and his mother Jane Anna Yates. His infancy and childhood were spent chiefly in the home of his grandfather, Henty Yates, in Albany. His ancestry through the Yates and Satterlee fam- ilies was English, but through his grandmothers, and through Henry Yates' mother, it was Dutch, and it was in Albany he imbibed the spirit and the knowledge of the old Dutch customs and ideas along the Hudson, which were potent influences in his life and subjects of constant interest to him. Before he was grown and went to college he spent a year abroad in travel with his father and mother and others of his family, a year which bore abundant fruit in the broad culture, sympathetic interest in art, architecture, music, and literature, and keen delight in travel and contact with men of all nations and tongues, that marked his mature years. The family home at this period was in New York City in winter and near West Point in summer. Henry Yates Satterlee was fitted for college in the Columbia grammar school under the famous scholar of the day. Rev. Dr. Charles Anthon, and he was graduated from Columbia Col- lege in A.D. 1863. Much was done in these schools for the equipment of his mind, and the training of his character, but it was in his own home that the most powerful formative influences were brought to play upon the Bishop, as he was to become. His father was iv Un Q^emotfam ; / • a man of fine mind, wide information, and high principles. The mother, a v/oman of rare sp"ritual and ethical quality, much given to prayer and self-discipline, .end -of deep and thoroughgoing faitb,'i^arefully trained her i:h5.id'i;en in the prin- ciples of religion. S*e;.^a« a member pf. the Dutch Reformed Church, and in this cenneCtiph bK)tfg^t'.pp.her children. But the sympathies of her schiI Heftrjr, a^''he approached man's " • • • • estate, were drawn to the Episcopal Church, and with his mother's full consent, he placed himself under the instruction of Rev. Dr. Arthur Cleveland Coxe, Rector of Calvary Parish, New York, who presented him for confirmation to Bishop Ho- ratio Potter, in Trinity Church in a.d. 1863. At once he be- came a candidate for holy orders, and in the autumn of the same year he entered the General Theological Seminary. He was graduated three years later, and was ordained deacon by Bishop Horatio Potter, who also advanced him to the priest- hood on his twenty-fourth birthday. He began his ministry as assistant in Zion Parish, Wap- pinger's Falls, N. Y. As the Rector, Rev. Dr. George B. An- drews, was advanced in years and in feeble health, Mr. Sat- terlee was practically the pastor, and succeeded to the rector- ship on the death of Dr. Andrews in a.d. 1875. In this cure the need was pre-eminently pastoral, and Mr. Satterlee met this need with a sympathy and a power that be- came a potent influence in the lives of the people and in the life of the community, which was composed partly of a rural farm- ing folk, largely of factory hands and townfolk, and in some measure of men of leisure or in business in New York, and oc- cupying estates in the vicinity at least for a portion of each year. The strong personality and marked individuality, and the unusual gifts of leadership and that capacity for en- listing men and women in the higher ministries of God and their fellow men, and of organizing them in guilds and socie- ties for co-operative and disciplined effort, which later found their fullest expression and scope in his wider work as a city 3n Qiemoriam v rector, and as Bishop of a see which he made great, already manifested themselves in the work at Wappinger's Falls. For here he brought into play upwards of twenty-eight organiza- tions to meet the needs of his people, and to give every gift in every willing helper a field of useful service. The love he won here for himself accompanied him all through life, and the seed he sowed sprang up abundantly, and still bears copious fruit. On June 30, a.d. 1866, Mr. Satterlee had married Miss Jane Lawrence Churchill, of New York City. His wife's sympathy in all his work both in its smaller and larger spheres, her quick intelligence and unusually liberal and thorough education, her sure ethical estimates of men and women, her never failing help in all her husband's work, at- tending to his private affairs, and, as his duties broadened out, her ceaseless and unwearying labors relieving him of much of the "table serving" of a rector's and a bishop's life, her cordial and ever-ready hospitality to all sorts and conditions of men, her tact and insight, and above all her devotion to Christ and His Church, were a help such as bless but few public men in the same measure and scope. A son and a daughter, Churchill and Constance, brought the fulness of blessing to this household, and as they grew in age and reached riper years they too became willing and happy coadjutors to their father, and an unfailing joy. Churchill, who was endowed with the best of his father's and mother's gifts, and whose short ministry was full of real achievement and yet greater promise, was called to his rest in the certain hope of a joyful resurrection, on February 16, a.d. 1904. He left two sons, Henry Yates, and Churchill, and a daughter, Ethel Stu)^esant (the children of his wife, Helen, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Winthrop Folsom, of Lenox, Mass.), to carry on into other generations the spirit and work of those two men of God, their father and grandfather. In A.D. 1882 Henry Yates Satterlee was called to the rector- ship of Calvary Parish, New York, which, on account of vi 3n ^emotiam the changed conditions of the neighborhood, Bishop Horatio Potter held to be in a critical condition, and this was the rea- son that finally led Mr. Satterlee to accept a responsibility for which he doubted his worthiness. This points to a notable trait that marked his whole ministry from this time on. He loved to undertake and master difficult things, and in easy things he found it hard to interest himself. Advising one of his younger clergy a short time before he was called away, he said that the business end of his office was always irksome and difficult to him when he entered the ministry, but he made it his duty, and it ultimately became his pride, to attend to the routine side of his work with the utmost attention to detail and system. In the later and crowded years of his New York rectorship and of his busy episcopate, filled to the brim with high emprise and large endeavor, he was obliged to let many of these things go for the higher duties of spiritual leadership ; but in these days his wife and men he had trained attended to such matters for him. The New York rectorship was marked by the same personal sympathy and human touch, only developed and deepened, that characterized the work at Wappinger's Falls, but it had now foiuid a larger field and greater problems. The work was divided into three great divisions, — the parish church, largely composed of men of affairs, of large business interests, and high professional position in law, medicine, and education; Calvary Chapel, a congregation chiefly of wage-earners; and the Galilee Mission, in the midst of one of the most congested and needy sections of the city. This last work, with its lodg- ing house, eating and reading rooms, men's clubs, and kindred institutions, was a creation of Dr. Satterlee's own mind, heart, and endeavor, supported by a willing people. The aim of the ministry of Dr. Satterlee and his large staff of assistants, lay and clerical, in those three fields, reaching every aspect of the Church's pastoral work, was the personal, man to man, touch and uplift. Dr. Satterlee created great institutions in his par- ish, and added in buildings and equipment several hundred 3n 8@emotiam vii thousand dollars' worth of property to its holdings; but he avowedly disliked the term and idea of "the institutional church," and felt deeply that every parochial organization and institution must simply be an instrument and means for the spread and deepening of the influence of Jesus Christ by His Holy Spirit working through human personality. Christ and the human heart must come first; all else must be subsidiary and auxiliary. Dr. Satterlee at once became far more than a parish priest, and was soon a potent force in the work of the city and diocese, and in the national Church. All manner of civic and municipal problems, the great sociological, educational and religious ques- tions of the day, reform, marriage and divorce, labor. Church unity, Church missions, parochial missions, temperance, en- gaged his warm sympathy, and active co-operation for good and for God. He was elected to high positions of trust and honor in his diocese, and his insight and power of vision were fruitful sources of blessing to many of our larger Church soci- eties and undertakings, including notably the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, which he felt to be a divinely called society for the evangelizing and energizing of the men of the Church ; and it gave him personally an enlarged means of exercising his pecu- liar power of drawing young men to Christ, and to the ser- vice of God and man. To the younger clergy of New York and vicinity, and to the students of the General Theological Seminary he became a warm friend and an often invoked spiritual counsellor and guide. As a preacher, always clear of vision into spirtual things, understanding profoundly the deepest needs of the human heart, and with a wonderful insight into the practical and eth- ical bearings upon life of the truths of the Christian faith, Dr. Satterlee never failed to speak some suggestive, helpful, strengthening, comforting word, and at times his sermons reached the highest plane of power and eloquence. It was probably in his addresses to communicants in the Pro-Cathe- viii 3n 9iemotiam dral, Washington, on Saturday afternoons in Lent a.d. 1907, that Bishop Satterlee ministered with greatest power the word of life. In the midst of his manifold labors Dr. Satterlee always found time to read and to write not a little, and has recorded in permanent form his mind and heart as to the Christian faith and life in several valuable books and pamphlets. Among these the best known are "A Creedless Gospel and the Gospel Creed," "New Testament Churchmanship," and "The Calling of the Christian." His excellent and comprehensive Sunday School manual, "Christ and His Church," written many years ago, is still much in demand. Institutions of learning recognized Henry Yates Satterlee's work as a teacher and writer by conferring on him academic distinctions. Union College made him a doctor in divinity in A.D. 1882; Princeton honored him and herself by giving him the same degree at her sesquicentennial in a.d. 1896, and his own alma mater, Columbia, who had conferred the b.a. and M.A. on him years before, gave him the ll.d. degree in a.d. 1897. Early in his rectorship at Calvary his breadth of sympathy, depth of insight, height of vision, and rare power of patient and persevering effort, marked out Dr. Satterlee for the epis- copate, and he was elected Bishop of several dioceses, and con- sidered for many others. He declined every overture of this kind. But Washington elected him December 6, a.d. 1905, and won him ; for after protracted and prayerful consideration he became convinced of the importance and difficulty of the field, and was persuaded by the counsellors whose advice he trusted, and by the inward guidance of the Holy Spirit, that it was his duty to respond to this call to service. By the special wish of the Presiding Bishop, Rt. Rev. Dr. John Williams, of Connecticut, who dearly loved him, the Feast of the Annunciation, as one of the great feasts of the incarna- tion, was selected for the consecration, March 25, a.d. 1896. The service was one of devotional power, and of great dignity 3n Qiemoriam ix and beauty. Bishop Williams was not well enough to come, and the chief consecrator was he who had presented him for confirmation, now for many years Bishop of Western New York, Rt. Rev. Dr. Arthur Cleveland Coxe. The Bishop's work in his newly founded and difficult diocese it is too soon to estimate, and the present writer is not the one to do it. In and through it all the Bishop showed himself pre- eminently a man of faith, of love, of prayer, of vision, and of achievement. His special care was the maintenance and exten- sion of the Church in the country districts and poorer sections of the city, the education and training of his candidates for holy orders, the guiding of the devotional life of the clergy and people, the calling out of the communicants of the Church to lives of consecration and service, the uplifting of the commu- nity to higher ideals and larger and religious achievements. But the Bishop, as has been often noted, rightly conceived his office as a bishop in the Church of God not merely on a local, but also on a national, indeed on an ecumenical scale ; that is, all good causes in the Church in all parts of the world attracted his ready interest and earnest help. Mexico, the negro work, Alaska, the Philippines, and Panama were his chief concerns in the Board of Missions. For a long time he was provisional Bishop of Mexico, and overseer of the work in Panama. A visit to the Czar, to present the petitions of hundreds of thou- sands of American Christians of all names in behalf of the stopping of the Armenian massacres, was one of his first duties and joys. The oversight and choice of army and navy chap- lains from the Episcopal Church soon was assigned to him by the General Convention, and with the glad consent of the Pres- ident, first Mr. McKinley and then Mr. Roosevelt. The story of his manifold endeavors in city and nation, and in the Church at home and abroad can not here be told. They were so many and he was always so ready and prompt to un- dertake every good cause that, as one of the Bishops observed on the day of his burial, the wonder is not that he died so soon, but that he had the strength to live so long. X M 0@emotiam The truest and greatest work of Bishop Satterlee was that which man can not know nor record, but only God, the winning to Christ, the spiritual upbuilding, and vitalizing and enrich- ment of many men and women. But the magnum opus of the first Bishop of Washington in the visible and tangible order was the founding of the Cathedral. Before the Diocese was organized the trustees had been chartered and organized, a site selected, and Mrs. Phoebe Hearst had promised a large sum for a building for a school for girls. After careful considera- tion the Bishop adjudged the site selected not adequate for a great national Cathedral. He discovered and secured the pres- ent commanding site. At once he placed on it the Peace Cross, during the session of the General Convention in Washington in A.D. 1898, and unveiled it in a great and memorable service. The idea and need of a great free church at Washington he presented in many great cities — Boston, New York, Balti- more, Philadelphia, Providence, San Francisco. He pleaded the benefits of a centre for the devotional, charitable, educa- tional and missionary activities of the Diocese, and showed the blessings such an institution at the capital could be made to bestow on both the Church and commonwealth of this nation. The Girls' School was soon builded and in successful opera- tion. Many monuments and memorials from all parts of the world were brought to the Cathedral Close and made to con- tribute to its historic character, among them notably the Jeru- salem Altar, the Glastonbury Cathedra, the Jordan Font. The ground had not been secured two months when the remains of the first Bishop consecrated on American soil, Dr. Claggett, and his wife, were translated to Mount St. Alban, on All Saints' Day, a.d. 1898. The Bishop presented the cause of the Cathedral so persuasively that money steadily came in to pay for the site, and finally one splendid gift from a devoted Wash- ington churchwoman completed the purchase on Thanksgiv- ing Day, A.D. 1905. Meantime Mrs. Harriet Lane Johnston had been won to such confidence in this great project that she Hn e^tmotium xi left a large legacy for the building and endowment of the Choir School, which was soon under way. During these years the Bishop had created an open air Cathedral, the first on record in Church history. The Sunday afternoon services from Ascension Day to All Saints (the Bishop's vision carried into effect by willing helpers), were largely attended especially by men and women not in the habit of attending worship, and were found to be far reaching in their spiritual effects. Again and again great services on great occasions drew vast crowds to the Cathedral Close. Among these were the raising of the Peace Cross, already mentioned, the dedications of the Jerusalem Altar, the Font, the Cathedra, the Girls' School, the Boys' School, the Pan-American Mis- sionary service, the visit of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and lastly and chiefly the services on the occasion of the laying of the Foundation Stone, on the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels in a.d. 1907, of which this book gives the full record. The Bishop from birth was of robust health, and until late years stopped for nothing and was always severely taxing his strength. But in January, a.d. 1904, he had a severe attack of the grippe, and before he was well came the severe shock of his son's death, following close upon the loss of his brother Ed- ward and his brother-in-law, Captain Robert Catlin. These sorrows never broke his brave Christian spirit, but they seri- ously undermined his physique, and though his Diocese asked and urged him to take a long rest, he went on with his duties, until late in May he was taken down with typhoid fever, from which the physicians brought him back to health, but with abated strength. Since then in spite of special treatment he has never been quite the same man physlically, and was partic- ularly susceptible to attacks of the grippe. If he had decreased his work he would probably have lived some years longer, but he was as intrepid and chivalrous as ever to remedy the wrong, maintain the right, and undertake difficult and great things for his Diocese and the Church at large. xii in Qiemotiam On February loth he went to New York, though suffering from a cold, to attend the Board of Missions, and to see to other duties for his Diocese and the Church. Thence he went to Providence, R. I., to present the cause of his Cathedral building to the large committee working on its behalf in that city for some years back. Returning, he was detained a long while and without food on the transfer steamer in a great fog on the North River. He reached Washington worn and sick on Friday, February 14th, but insisted on keeping a visitation appointment that evening. Sunday he celebrated the Holy Communion as usual in his private Chapel, and administered confirmation at St. Philip's Chapel, Anacostia, D. C. at 1 1 a. m. He could scarce be persuaded to give up an evening appoint- ment. Monday it was realized that he was very sick, but an unfavorable end was not feared. Thursday it was pronounced serious, but no immediate danger was anticipated till about one a. m. Saturday, when he began to sink suddenly and rapidly. The heart was affected. The Bishop had himself expected this end for several days. In the last hours, fortified by the Sacra- ment of the Master's body and blood, blessing those about him, and repeating the Gloria in excelsis, favorite psalms, and the Te Deum, and at the very end with the Preface and the Holy, Holy, Holy of the Sanctus on his lips, he departed this life a little after daybreak. It was Washington's birthday, an as- sociation of dates that would appeal to his historical sense, which was strongly developed. On February 25th his body was laid to rest by brother bishops, his Diocese, and many friends, including President Roosevelt, with a great but simple service of triumphant faith at the Pro-Cathedral.* ♦The Te Deum was sung after the Lesson, and was followed by the Easter hymn of victory, "The strife is o'er, the battle done," and then came the Nicene Creed. Before the benediction "O Lamb of God, still keep me near to thy wounded side," was sung, and the recessional was "For all the saints who from their labors rest." 3n a^cmotiam xiii At the grave the simple committal service of the Prayer Book was said. In the Little Sanctuary on the Cathedral Close his geniixs has created, hardby the Jerusalem Altar, his body lies for the present ; it is the wish of his family and the purpose of the Cathedral Chapter to place it under the altar of the Cathe- dral when the Bethlehem Chapel is completed. Thus has passed from among us a saint of God ; for in him was fulfilled every word of our Lord's own description of saint- liness in the beatitudes: asicssca are tbc poor In spirit: for tbcire is tbc hinflftom ot beaven. JSlesseO arc tbcB tbat mourn ; for tbc? sball be comfortcO. JBlesscO arc tbc meeft ; for tbcg sball inbcrit tbc cartb. ffilesscO arc tbcB wbicb Do hunger anO tbirst after rigbteousa ness: for tbe^s sball be filled. JBlcssea arc tbe merciful; for tbcg sball obtain mercfi. IBlcsscd arc tbe pure in bcart: for tbcg sball see (3od. Blessed are tbc peaccmaTters : for tbe^ sball be called tbc cbildren of (Sot). JSlcssed arc tbes wbicb arc persecuted for rigbtcousncss' safte; for tbeirs is tbc Itinddom of bcavcn, ISlesscd are se< wben men sball revile sou, and persecute sou, and sball sag all manner of evil against sou falselfi, for mg safte. TRcjoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is isour reward in bcavcn : for so persecuted tbeg tbc propbcts wbicb were before Bou. But of all these truest of him our first Bishop both for this life and for the other is this : asiessed are tbc pure in beart: for tbcg sball sec 0od. MntttihnttxBn This book, containing an account of the laying of the Foun- dation Stone of Washington Cathedral, and of the great Brotherhood service, the addresses at the two services, copies of the services, pen pictures and impressions by several rep- resentative persons present, and other data, has been compiled, and is published, at the request of many to serve as a perma- nent record of a great day in the history of the American Church, and to guide the officers of the Cathedral in future great services and ceremonials. As regards all who were present, and especially those who were permitted to have responsible part in the services, surely Haec olim meminisse iuvabit. And those who come after and are privileged to participate in the glorious worship of the great National Cathedral on St. Alban's Mount, and have entered into our works and the joy of them, — they will be happy to know who did these things, and how they were done. Therefore for the benefit of the worshippers on our holy hill, past, present and future, this book of remembrance is written. 2Iij^ fr^parattan Cfie jFftst 'Beginnings For a long time it had been the hope df the Bishop of Washington that it would be possible to mark the historic year of our Lord, 1907, and the happy conjunction Of the Interna- tional Convention of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, the General Convention qf the American Church, and the first visit of a bishop of London to these shores and to the Capital City of this Nation, by the laying of the foundation stone of the National Cathedral. But so much of necessity must first be done, — the paying off of all debt on the Close, the deter- mination of the exact location of the Cathedral on the Close, the completion of the Cathedral constitution and organiza- tion, the choice Of architects and of designs, — that this hope seemed rather a splendid dream than likely to become sub- stantive reality. But hope and faith never wavered, and in the providence of God the many important and often tedious undertakings incident to the work were brought, partly by the Bishop's own efforts, partly by the generosity of friends of the cause, and by the labors of the Chapter and of others, to a happy issue. The last supreme question was the designs. If, when they should arrive from the hands of the architects in May, a.d. 1907, they should prove acceptable to all concerned, the Bishop, the Chapter, the Diocese, the public, then by strenuous effort the foundation stone could be laid during the Interna- tional Convention of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in Wash- ington in late September, when the Bishop of London, and other bishops, priests, and laymen from all over the world, would be at the American Capital, and our own bishops and representative presbyters and laymen could stop over on their 14 C|)e ptepatation way to the General Convention at Richmond, making this event one of the most remarkable of its kind in the history of the Christian Church. The designs would be acceptable, it was agreed, if they pictured a cathedral which should be at once a typical cathedral of the best English Gothic school, and also thoroughly individual and original, no mere imitation of any existing building. To obtain such a result, perhaps as yet unachieved since before the Reformation, was truly difficult; but great confidence was felt that if any men living could achieve it. Dr. George Bodley, and Mr. Henry Vaughan were the men. The arrival of the designs was delayed. June arrived. At last word came that they were on the ocean. It was a very anxious time. The Bishop did not hesitate to offer prayer in public and private that they might arrive safely. And in safety and on time they came. By the courtesy of the Secre- tary of the Treasury, Hon. George B. Cortelyou, and the per- sonal attention of Mr. E. P. Floyd-Jones, of New York, they were immediately delivered in Washington, namely on June 7th. The Bishop and Chapter at once felt that their hopes were more than realized and that the designs were those of a cathe- dral truly great, worthy of our Church, our nation, and the Capital. The Cathedral Council was convened and organized and gave its approval. The clergy and laity of the diocese and many prominent citizens were invited in to the Bishop's House to view them. They all approved. Finally on June lOth the Chapter held a full meeting, a meeting which proved to be the looth since the chartering of the board of trustees of the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation in the District of Columbia, in a. d. 1893. The meeting was in the board room of the Riggs National Bank. After full discussion and careful consideration, the plans were unanimously accepted on motion of Admiral Dewey, and Mr. Henry Vaughan of Bos- ton, and Dr. George F. Bodley of London, were appointed architects of Washington Cathedral. C!)e jFitst 'Beginnings 15 It is interesting to note the co-operation of Army and Navy with the Church at this juncture, as so often in the story of our English and American race. For not only did the Admiral of the Navy present and urge the motion, but it was seconded by the president of the Standing Committee of the Diocese, Canon McKim, and favored and recorded by a distinguished army officer, now first beginning his service as secretary of the Chapter, though a trustee from the beginning, Brigadier- General John M. Wilson, late chief of engineers, U. S. A. It was also at this meeting that the Chapter endorsed the deci- sion of the Bishop to lay the foundation stone with a great service at twelve mid-day on Sunday, September 29th, the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, and agreed that this stone should be a part of the foundation of the cathedral altar and of the wall of a crjrpt chapel of the Holy Nativity. But the Bishop and Chapter in their preparations for this day had not waited for this happy conclusion of this important part of the work. Many months before the Bishop had in- vited the Bishop of London to visit Washington and be the speaker at the laying of the foundation stone. Late in May he sent for Canon De Vries and gave him his ideas and wishes as to the service, which he desired should witness to the incar- nation and Virgin birth of our Lord, and commissioned him to compile and prepare the service on his behalf. At the primary meeting of the Cathedral Council a commit- tee to take charge of all preparations and arrangements for the laying of the foundation stone was appointed, as follows : The Bishop, ex officio, Canon Harding, Canon De Vries, Canon Bratenahl, Archdeacon Williams, General Wilson, and Colonel George Truesdell and W. H. Singleton, Esq. This committee with the Bishop's approval delegated the work in detail as follows : Master of Ceremonies, Canon Harding. Editor and Compiler of Services, Canon De Vries. In charge of General Arrangements, Canon Bratenahl. Master of Transportation, Archdeacon Williams. 1 6 Cljc Preparation Sale of Platform Tickets, W. H. Singleton, Esq. Hospitality Committee, Rev. G. F. Dudley, Rev. F. B. How- 6fin, Rev. C. R. Stetson. Director of Music, Edgar Priest, Esq., choirmaster of St. Paul's Parish. In September, these were added : Grand Marshal, Major Richard Sylvester. In charge of Invitations and Seating of Platform, Rev. E. S. Dunlap. Press and Publicity, Rev. G. F. Dudley. Chief Usher at Foundation Stone Service, Wm. H. Single- ton, Esq., assisted by the Churchman's League of the District of Columbia. Chief Usher at the Brotherhood Service, Wm. B. Dent, Esq., assisted by the local assembly of the Brotherhood of St. An- drew. Master of the Choir School, Henry P. Blair, Esq. In charge of Luncheon Arrangements, Corcoran Thorn, Esq. Medical and Surgical Attendance, Rev. C. Rochford Stetson. In charge of Distribution of Literature (service copies, pam- phlets, etc.), Byron S. Adams, Esq. Ciie Preparation of tt)e CatijeDral Close Canon Bratenahl was commissioned by the Bishop and Chap- ter not only to superintend all the preparations of the Cathedral Close incident to the foundation stone and Brotherhood ser- vices (the latter being appointed by request of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew for the afternoon of St. Michael and All Angels' Day), but also to see that all the buildings and grounds should be in perfect order, all improvements, alterations, and addi- tions to buildings, memorials, etc., completed, and every con- venience provided for the comfort of the bishops, clergy, chor- isters, invited guests, and multitudes of people expected at the service. 3S010 nvaaaHivo 3h± 'il: -i. inA im ^'■J»*fi»'.!^/i •^^-^. :/ L .V- ':3 '1"^'" J.^li3j.st& \ Preparing t|)e CatlieOral Clo$e i; Canon Bratenahl at once started the works, and was busy all summer supervising many changes and improvements of the Cathedral Close and its buildings, of which the following are the most important : 1. The Cathedral School for Girls. — The entertainment of Bishops Qf our Church and their wives and of 30 of the Alumnae of the school by Mrs. Barbour Walker was ren- dered more feasible and more agreeable to her guests, by many alterations and improvements in the school building, which were undertaken during the summer, under the direction of the Advisory Committee of the Chapter, because of the in- creased enrollment of pupils, and the necessity of making addi- tional space for this larger number of girls. 2. St. Hilda^s Ledge. — A much needed resting-place for the women who attended the long exercises on September 29th was afforded by altering a barn into four self-contained dwell- ing houses, with separate entrances, containing in all 35 rooms and 4 bathrooms, with steam heat and electric light, for the domestic staff of the Girls' School. 3. A boardwalk from the school to St. Hilda's Lodge, ce- ment walks from the school to the entrance at Woodley Lane, were constructed, and a shelter to protect those waiting for the electric cars was built at the comer of Woodley Lane and Wisconsin Avenue. 4. The Electric Lighting system on the Cathedral Grounds was more than doubled. 5. The Cathedral Baptistery was reconstructed and reno- vated. 6. The Jordan Font was relined and all the bas reliefs cleansed, and the central figure itself was changed so as to bring it more into harmony with the spirit of its surroundings. 7. A drinking water fountain given by the congregation at- tending the open air services, was added on the exterior of i8 Clje Preparation the Baptistery and provided with a Pasteur filter and a mode of icing the water by means of a system of coils of pipe. 8. The Cathedral Choir School. — During the summer the grounds about the Choir School were graded and turfed; the walks and roads were laid out and macadamized ; the plumbing in the school was completed ; the electric lights were set, and the entire building provided with fly screens. 9. A Bell Tower was added to the Little Sanctuary and a set of tubular chimes consisting of a peal of fifteen bells, given by Mr. and Mrs. George S. Bowdoin, was installed in the tower. ID. The Canterbury Ambon was erected in the Little Sanc- tuary. 11. The Peace Cross itself was raised and a large four- square base of three steps was added as a pediment, on the upper and western face of which a pavement of stones from the Holy Land was inlaid, called The Salem Place and used as the pulpit for the ordinary open-air services. 12. The Foundation Stone. (a) On St. Bartholomew's Eve the first sod was turned. (b) The excavation was then made for the foundation stone itself and an 11 -foot deep substructure of concrete prepared. (c) A temporary wooden apse containing platform and seats was constructed, affording seating capacity for nearly 3,000 people. The outer walls of the Cathedral itself were outlined and indicated by festoons of roping from which were suspended descriptive cards.* (d) The platform at the open air amphitheater was enlarged by the addition of a pace for the visiting clergy and a new plat- *In the designing and building of the platform or wooden apse, the architect, Mr. Arthur Heaton, gave valuable and loving service, in addition to the work for which the Chapter employed him at St. Hilda's Lodge and the Girls' School. Preparinff tlje Catficdral Close 19 fonn for the band. Seats for 2,000 members of the Brother- hood of St. Andrew were provided, besides those arranged for the great congregation. 13. The roadways through the Cathedral grounds were re- finished with bluestone. 14. An independent intercommunicating telephone system was installed between the buildings on the Cathedral grounds. 15. Four commodious houses were built on the grounds as public conveniences for men and for women. The notable event of these preparations was the turning of the first sod for the Cathedral. On St. Bartholomew's Eve Mr. Vaughan came down from Boston and after protracted consultation with Canon Bratenahl and Canon De Vries, who were fortified with long and carefully worked out statements and descriptions from the Bishop, the character, orientation and general plan of the crypt chapel, the relation of the foun- dation stone to the Cathedral, as the first stone of the sub- structure which should support the cathedral altar and also serve as the rear wall of the crypt chapel, and the exact loca- tion of Cathedral, chapel, altar, and foundation stone, were all determined. It was also agreed that for safety and pro- tection, the Bethlehem stone should be set into a large block of American granite, which was purchased for this purpose by Canon Bratenahl and Mr. Vaughan. Meantime a form of service was prepared in manuscript by Canon De Vries, and at three o'clock in the afternoon in a pouring rain this service was conducted by Canon Bratenahl, Canon De Vries, and the Rev. W. T. Snyder, Mr. Vaughan turning the sod. From this time forward the works went forward rapidly, and by steady work and persevering care all the many prepa- rations at the Cathedral Close were brought to a happy con- clusion by the end of September; every physical arrangement was completed, and the whole Close in perfect order and never 20 Cfee Preparation looking more lovely. The weather had been ideal for the lawns and the trees and shrubberies, and the God of Nature and of Man had favored all of our undertakings. All was ready, and the service would be great and impressive, if only the weather on S,eptember 29th should be rainless. Clje ISisljop's! preparations Meantime the Bishop had been steadily at work. By the middle of June he had written his former dragoman in the Holy Land, his friend ever since, Mr. Herbert E. Clark, of Jerusalem, and had arranged with him for the sending to Washington of stone from Bethlehem for the foundation stone of the Cathedral. This stone was quarried in a field near the Church of the Holy Nativity, and reached Washington shortly before St. Bartholomew's Eve. Leaving the city about June 20th, the Bishop spent the sum- mer at his lodge at Twilight Park in the Catskills, and at Cazenovia, N. Y., but he kept in almost daily touch with the work on the grounds, and wrote and published a statement and appeal entitled, "Washington Cathedral, the Working out of an Ideal," describing the designs of the new cathedral, show- ing their deeper significances, explaining the purpose and place of a cathedral in the kingdom of God on earth, and appealing for funds for the building. He also wrote many personal let- ters asking for aid both for the building fund and for the expenses of the services on St. Michael's Day. With the ar- chitects he kept up a steady correspondence discussing the de- signs and suggesting improvements in many details, but none affecting the general design. All this work, in addition to the supervision of his diocese, and preparations for the Brotherhood and General Conven- tions, gave the Bishop a very busy summer. When the com- pilation and composition of the service began, late in July, his duties were much increased, for there was scarcely a day that he did not read or revise some part of the manuscript or proof. Compiling and Ptinting tfte ^ertJices 21 or write to Washington suggestions or alterations. Busy as the summer season was for the Bishop, yet the most arduous tasks were to be those of the last three weeks before our Cathedral day, as we shall see when we come to the final prepa- rations. Cfte Compiling anD printing of tfje ^ettiices Late in July the preparation of the services for the laying of the foundation stone and the Brotherhood open-air meeting, the selection of appropriate scripture, hymns, prayers and col- lects, and the composition of such forms as the nature of the occasion might require, were taken in hand. The many unu- sual services during ten years at the Cathedral Close had afforded unusual experience in this work, a special familiarity with liturgical forms, and a knowledge of those elements that make for devotional power and effect. Without this long ex- perience and the valuable suggestions and criticisms, construc- tive always and kindly, of many bishops, presbyters, and lay- men, it is safe to say that the service of Michaelmas, a. d. 1907, could never have been composed to secure power, beauty, and correct liturgical form, nor printed with fidelity to Prayer Book models, nor rendered with accuracy, speed, and devo- tional effect by the master of ceremonies and his assistants. And all through these years the hope of the laying of the foundation stone had been before the Bishop and his helpers, so that in all the preceding services there had been an under- tone of reserve and restraint, so that the highest note could be sounded when we should come to the great day of aspiration and desire. For instance, the Nicene Creed and the Te Deum had n,ever been used in the special Cathedral services, and the Gloria in excelsis but once, at the raising of the Peace Cross, the first service on the Cathedral Close. In a word the highest note of praise, and the deepest note of faith, had not as yet been sounded at Mount Saint Alban. With this preparation then the compilation went forward. 22 ciie ptepatation was completed, typewritten, sent on to the Bishop, by him revised and approved, and at last placed in the hands of the printer. The printing was given to the firm of Byron S. Adams, printers of large experience and of special fitness for this work, because they had always printed all Cathedral and other di- ocesan services for us, and Mr. Adams is a very devoted and interested churchman. Mr. Wm. J. Eynon, of this firm, took personal oversight of this piece of work, and his good taste, skill, patience and perseverance are chief factors in the excel- lent typographical result. He and the editor spent many hours in conference over style of type, quality of paper, set up of title page, and other critical parts, reading and correcting of proof, rubrication, italicizing, capitalizing, and other like problems. The standard of typography was the Prayer Book, except at places where the occasion demanded special treat- ment, as, for instance in the case of the passages for medita- tion, where the type is English black letter (known by printers today as Tudor) and very like to that of the first Prayer Book of Edward VI, a. d. 1549. Not a few parts of the service were reset several times before the desired result was secured, and many parts were entirely recast in phraseology after the service was in proof, and some very important additions were made. The proof was read, collated, and returned to the printer in all about twelve times. The first proof was as fine a piece of work as is ordinarily required, but perfection of form, accuracy of detail, fidelity to standard, and new ideas as to contents and substance, required many changes and many re-readings. For instance, in the versicles at the laying of the stone Sion was spelt Zion in all proof up to the last, as in the Old Testa- ment, though with S in the Processional and in the third Re- cessional, as in the New Testament, Prayer Book and Hymnal. And the Ascension and Trinity collects were happy suggestions from a layman and added after the page proof was held to be complete. An advance edition for the use of the Bishop, the master C|)e Ceremonial pteparation 23 of ceremonies, and others, engaged in rendering the service, was published the eleventh of September ; the complete edition (1,000 copies with extra fine paper and cover, and engravings of the west front and interior of the Cathedral, and 3,000 copies of less expensive character) was not finished until a few days before the 29th. Meantime 7,000 copies of the Peoples' Open-Air Evensong were struck off from the stereot)^e plates, with a special page naming the hymns, scripture passages, prayers, and other selec- tions for the Brotherhood service, and a special form was com- posed and printed for the dedication of the Canterbury Ambon. Clie Ceremonial preparation For the rendering of the services the Master of Ceremonies, Canon Harding, early began his preparations. In June he and Mr. Edgar Priest, selected as music master for the great Cathedral day, planned out the general lines of the music, and as the Te Deum was then already determined upon as an integral and necessary part of the service, they selected for it an anthem setting effective and pleasing, but not too difficult, viz., that of Edward R. Barrett, in E flat. For the orchestral part, the Marine Band, who since the Peace Cross service had again and again glorified our great services with its splendid music, and whose members have con- stantly taken deep interest in our Cathedral worship, often bringing their wives and children to the open-air services, at which in summer a section of the band always accompanies the singers — the Marine Band was chosen as a matter of course to render the instrumental music at the two services on the 29th of September. A section of 16 pieces was engaged for the laying of the foundation stone, and no more, on account of the limited space on the platform. For the same reason only four vested male choirs, about 150 voices, were invited to sing at this service. These were St. John's Georgetown Parish, St. John's Lafayette Square, St. Paul's, and St. Mark's. For 24 C6e preparation the Brotherhood service the whole Marine Band, it was agreed, should be engaged, and all the vested male choristers in the city were invited to sing. Arrangements were early made, with the kind permission of the leader, Mr. Wm. H. Santelmann, by the accomplished and obliging assistant leader of the band, Mr. Walter Smith, and by Mr. Priest, for the orchestration, and the choirs invited, and notified of the Te Deum setting selected. In the early Autumn Canon Harding, after conferring with the Bishop and his helpers, and with the Grand Mar- shal, Major Sylvester, soon blocked out the whole service, assigned the various duties to individuals and subcommittees, put the whole plan into print (a copy is printed in this volume) and held a general conference with all subcommittees, includ- ing the ushers and marshals, on September 24th on the Cathe- dral Close. Meantime early and full notice had been sent the Marine Band, and all the choirs concerned, as to the selections of hymns and music, and all were in regular rehearsal. On the night of September 24th the four choirs selected to render the music at the foundation stone service held a united re- hearsal, accompanied by the section of the Marine Band, and under the direction of Mr. Priest. This was in the music room of the Lane- Johnston Choir School, which thus was used for its proper purpose for the first time. Here it seems fitting to note that a few have thought it strange that great and expensive school buildings for boys and girls have preceded the building of the Cathedral itself. The answer is that the money was given unsolicited and the cause was good. But in addition it may be said that for the foundation stone service and other great occasions they offered headquarters and shelter and protection, which have gone far, nay, which were indispensable to the beauty, order and dignify of the Cathedral services, and the hospitality which accompanied them. And thus they have demonstrated that for the Cathedral worship they are valuable helps, as well as schools for the Christian nurture of God's children. THE CHOIR SCHOOL VIEW OF NORTH FRONT NATIONAL CATHEDRAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS VIEW OF SOUTH FRONT C|)e #frbtrf The Rt. Rev. H. H. Montgomery, d.d., represented, as its general secretary, the venerable Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, to whose nursing care the infant American Church owed so much, and also the Church at the antipodes, as, until lately, he was Bishop of Tasmania. The Rt. Rev. Frederick R. Graves, d.d.. Bishop of Shang- hai, China, brought the great continent of Asia into the ser- vice, so that all parts of the world had place among those officiating at Washington Cathedral on its great day, except South America, from which continent, however, the Bishop of Southern Brazil, Rt. Rev. Lucien L. Kinsolving, d.d., was among the bishops present. The Rt. Rev. Edgar Jacob, d.d.^ Bishop of St. Albans, to- gether with the Bishop of London and Bishop Montgomery, represented the Mother Church of England, and himself, by his title, bishopric, and residence, linked our Mount Saint Alban with the site of the martyrdom of the English protomartyr, and the great Cathedral which marks the spot. The Bishop of Massachusetts, Rt. Rev. Wm. Lawrence, D.D., was chosen as chairman of the House of Bishops, and as head of the Church in the great commonwealth which shares with Virginia the privilege of laying the foundations of our American liberties, and civil and religious rights, and also, per- sonally, as a very good friend of our Diocese and Cathedral. Clje iFinal preparationsi 33 The Bishop of Quebec, Rt. Rev. A. Hunter Dunn, d.d., represented our sister Church in Canada. The speakers in the afternoon were chosen by the Brother- hood of St. Andrew, the Bishop of London, and Father P. N. Waggett, S.S.J.E., because their life work had fitted them to speak with light and power on the appointed topic, and Justice Brewer because of his known vital interest in human problems, his representative position in the nation's Capital and Supreme Court, and his profound and instructive habits of thought and speech. Cijc iFinal pteparations Again we must return to an earlier stage in the preparations, this time to cany them on to completion. The Bishop of Washington returned to his see city on September loth, and took up in person the direction of the manifold preparations in progress for our great Cathedral day. Advance copies of the form of service for laying the stone were in hand the nth, and conferences with helpers, workmen, members of Chapter and Council became the order of the day. On Saturday the 14th the city clergy met at the Bishop's House at ten in the morning, pledged their co-operation, agreed to change their morning services from eleven to half past nine, to attend the foundation stone service, and to invite their con- gregations, but urging a large and general attendance of the public only at the great Brotherhood service, on account of lack of room and the devotional rather than popular character of the former service. At eleven o'clock the committee of arrangements met, the Bishop presiding, reports were made of all achieved during the summer, and plans made for every least detail and contingency. This meeting did not rise until after a session of three hours — which shows the large amount of work to be transacted. And there was no loitering. Arch- deacon Williams, Canons Harding, De Vries and Bratenahl, Rev. George F. Dudley, and Rev. E. S. Dunlap were the clergy participating. 34 Clje preparation In the matter of the press and publicity it proved that a great change had come since the Archbishop's visit in a. d. 1904. At that time under the direction of the Bishop author- itative articles were prepared and given to the local papers in order to arouse interest and secure attendance. But this time the papers themselves at a very early date procured admirable articles on the Bishop of London and the other chief visitors. When the time came Rev. Geo. F. Dudley, in charge of this part of the work, found no such articles needed, and that the only thing to be provided were authoritative "stories" given the reporters of the daily happenings, and authoritative an- nouncements of the plans and programs for the services. The Cathedral Council met on September 20th, and the next day the Chapter. The Bishop, Canon Harding and Canon Bratenahl, made full reports of the preparations made by the various committees, and the Chapter and Council gave their cordial approval. It was at the meeting of the Chapter on September 21, that the Bishop suggested and the Chapter agreed that the presbyters of the Chapter should now be given their proper title of Canon. The ground for this is that the presbyters are doing the work of canons, as members of the corporation and executive board of the Cathedral, work at this formative stage of more value to the life of the foundation than any that will fall to the privilege of those who succeed to the position and title of canon in the days when the majestic Cathedral crowns Alban's Mount and pursues the even tenor of its worship and work. Among the works planned at this time and executed on the last days before the Feast, was the decoration of the platform, which was entrusted to that experienced florist and decorator, Mr. Z. D. Blackistone, a young churchman ever ready to con- tribute his taste and services to church causes in the Diocese of Washington. A moderate use of the national flag, a galaxy of bannerets of white bearing blue crosses, great laurel wreaths encircling red maltese crosses, noble palms, magnificent ferns and flowering plants, were used to perfect a scheme of decora- ~^v , Ci)e iFfnal preparations 35 tion which, when the day came, produced an effect at once bril- liant and dignified, and extremely pleasing and suitable. But now the last days arrive and on September 2Sth the Brotherhood of St. Andrew assembles its great host of lay- men and clergymen at its second international convention, 1,803 ^^^ registering and the estimated attendance reaching a total of 2,200. The management of the work attendant on the convention, and on the meetings and conferences, and the duties of hos- pitality, much increase the labors of the Bishop and his help- ers. In spite of all this the preparations for the Cathedral day at Mount Saint Alban go steadily forward and all is in readi- ness when the time approaches. The one requisite is fair weather ; with foul the foundation stone can be laid ; there is a roof over the platform, and all plans are worked out for such a contingency ; and Convention Hall is engaged for the Brotherhood service; but the beauty and dig- nity of the service would be marred and spoilt, and the arduous preparations of a whole summer count for little. Saturday breaks dark and threatening. Soon after the close of the great corporate communion of the Brotherhood at the Church of the Epiphany, the downfall begins, and the weather reports are ominous. At eleven, according to promise, the weather bureau calls up the Bishop's House by telephone, and announces "Rain Saturday and Sunday." So it seems to man; but God may arrange otherwise. All day long the rain falls, and continues until all retire for the i!ight. Such is the outlook when Saturday ends. ®Ij^ (^nnt iag nf % 3tMt ®lj0 (irrat lag af % 3F^aat Cfte Eapinff of tfte ifounDatfon ^tone The great day of the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels in the memorable year of our Lord, 1907, broke in the midst of torrential rains which had prevailed all night. Bishops, priests and people betook themselves to the early celebration of the Holy Communion in gloom and wet. At the Cathedral altar, in the Little Sanctuary the celebrant was very fitly the Presiding Bishop of the Church in the United States, the Rt. Rev. Dr. Tuttle, assisted by the Bishops of Minnesota and Chicago, the Rev. Jas. B. Craighill, minor canon of Washington Cathedral, and the Rev. L. R. Schuyler, serving as chaplains. The Chapel was filled with bishops. At the Bishop of Washington's Chapel the celebrant was the Rt. Rev. Dr. H. H. Montgomery, secretary of the venerable Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, who thus specially and appropriately kept the feast of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, of which he is prelate, and whose commemora- tive collect he offered at this service, as bidden to do on this day by the regulations of the Order. The Archbishop of the West Indies, the Bishops of Washington, London, and St. Alban's, the Bishop's household and guests, received the Sacra- ment at this service. The service at St. Alban's was taken by the Bishop of Los Angeles assisted by Canon Bratenahl. Here there was a great company from the girls' school and from the neighborhood, as well as from among the Bishops, the ladies of their families, and other guests on the Cathedral Close. In the parish churches all over the city in like manner the Holy Communion began the day, as is meet and right, and the attendances were good. 40 Clje (25teat Dap of tfje jFeast When we came out of the churches the clouds had broken, there was a great patch of clear blue sky overhead, and the wind was from the northwest. There was every prospect and hope of a fair day. Out of darkness God had brought light and gladness. God's people in this Diocese rejoiced and took heart. And by the hour agreed on for morning prayer in the city churches on this day, half past nine, the sun was shining brilliantly, and so it continued until midday, except that great black clouds ever and anon would come up out of the west and fly chasing across the heavens, to the alarm of the timid and the faithless. The Archbishop of the West Indies delivered the annual charge to the Brotherhood of St. Andrew at the Church of the Epiphany, which was filled with men, at 9.30 a. m., and in nearly all the city churches there was ser- vice at this hour, with a sermon by a visiting bishop or presbyter, and good congi'egations. All of these services were over by a quarter before eleven, all eleven o'clock services were omitted, and then the people began to go up to our holy hill, even the people of the Lord, to testify unto Israel, to give thank"? unto the Name of the Lord, and to lay the first stone of His house of prayer for all people. Early in the morning indeed the ascent to Mount Saint Alban had begtin, and as midday approached the number in- creased along every avenue of access. They came in all sorts and conditions of vehicles, from great touring motor cars and elegant private turnouts to huge merchandise wagons, seated and pressed into service for men, women and children. Hun- dreds of automobiles made the trip, and the private carriages stretched a half a mile along the road. The bishops' carriages, coming after the 9.30 a. m. services, obtained ready and rapid access by the use of purple ribbons on the whips, the agreed upon signal to the police. Of the people many walked, as must needs be, for though the number of the electric cars was increased to the utmost limits of the power of the dynamos, yet they were wholly inadequate to handle the great hosts. By S s JLaping ti)e jFounDation ^tone 41 midday throngs had assembled, how many it is hard to say; the estimates vary. But as the platform held nearly 3,000, the space between, which was crowded, about 4,000 standing, and the space to the west of the platform held at least as many more, and was full, 10,000 would seem like a modest estimate. All the arrangements were carried out according to the pre- determined programme, printed in this volume, punctually and thoroughly. President Roosevelt arrived just in advance of the hour, with his wife and two of his children, driving in one of the White House carriages, which took him direct to the platform, where he was met by General Wilson, representing the Chapter, and escorted to his place at the center of the front, Mrs. Roosevelt and the children sitting in the section reserved for the ladies of the families of the Chapter. Exactly at twelve the Master of Ceremonies, Canon Hard- ing, gave the signal, a fanfare of trumpets announced the ser- vice in the beautiful motif from Mendelssohn's Hymn of Praise, which always begins the Cathedral services, and of which the words are, "All men, all things, all that hath life and breath, sing to the Lord. Hallelujah." The choir prayer was offered, the band and choristers took up the strains of the Hora Novissima, and the great procession began, with its long lines of singers, musicians, layreaders, presbyters, Cathe- dral Council and Chapter, and bishops. Very beautiful was the effect as the various component parts, each headed by a glittering brass cross, in vestments of snowy white linen and embroidered silken stoles, and wearing many colored hoods, to- gether with the rich purple and glossy black of the episcopal robes, gathered from their various robing rooms, and forming one mighty stream, wound their way in a long sinuous line through the majestic grove that crowns St. Alban's hill. It was indeed a great and glorious regiment of Christian soldiers. There were men full of the vigor and fire of a splendid and unsullied and consecrated youth. There were men whose faces and bearing showed the marks of matured strength of body, mind, will, spirit, men with the great gifts of scholarship, and 42 Cl)e (©teat Dap of tlje jFea^t leadership, men apt to preach and to teach, to guide and to gov- ern, full of the spirit of wisdom and understanding, of counsel and might, of knowledge and the fear of the Lord. And there were men of venerable mien, their figures bent with labors and burden-bearing, their faces lined and seamed with the cares of long lives spent in the service of the Master, feeding and tending His sheep. This noble army of God-serving men, led by the fresh-voiced children and the full-voiced men of the choir, with every division marked by crucifer and cross, marched onward through the green aisles of Alban's Mount until they came to the place where in God's own time the western portals of the Cathedral will welcome the worshippers. Here entering the sacred precincts, marked out with purple cords, the great procession advanced up what will be the center aisle, to the site of the altar in the sanctuary. The band and choirs passed around the altar site, where the foundation stone was to be laid, and ascended to their tiers of seats at the rear of the center of the platform. But the clergy parted and allowed the Bishops, in the order of their rank (the Presiding Bishop and the Archbishop of the West Indies walking together and leading, and the Bishops of Washington and London imme- diately following, then the visiting Bishops, and after them the American Bishops in the order of their consecration), and the Cathedral Chapter and Council, to pass first to their places in the forefront of the center of the platform. After them followed upwards of 75 or 80 of the diocesan clergy, and sat between the Council and the choir. The visiting clergy, some two hundred in number, including many of the best known presbyters of the American Church, and a few from Canada and over sea, sat just west of the altar site, in what will be the east end of the choir. It was a magnificent sight in that quadrangle, the platform inclosing three sides of the Cathedral choir, along the lines of the north, east and south walls of the Cathedral, and open only to the west, and there indeed inclosed by great throngs of people in the nave below, as it were, and the branching Haping tfte jFounOation ^tone 43 oaks filling in the places of columns, pillars, arches, and vaults above, in a rich, lustrous, leafy green. Beautiful it was whether one looked down and out from the platform towards the nave, or up and in from the throngs in the nave, towards the platform, gay and bright with its feathery ferns, noble palms, festooning laurel wreaths, and fluttering banners, its center brilliant with the glistering white linen and glossy satin and many colored academic hoods of bishops and clergy, and set off by great masses of gaily dressed women, and the darker tones of the throngs of men, to the right and left. It is impossible to name all of the laymen present, but among them were many prominent in Church and State. The President of the United States was at the center, on the right hand of the Bishop of Washington. The other laymen included the Cathedral Chapter and their families ; the Chief Justice of the United States; several of the Cabinet; the Commissioners of the District of Columbia; representatives of the diplomatic corps, of the Senate, the House, the Judiciary, the Army, the Navy; the Presidents of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in the United States and in Canada, Mr. James L. Houghteling, its founder, and great throngs of Brotherhood men from the United States, Canada, and other parts of the world, and 59 lay deputies to the General Convention. It was this representative assemblage which made the occa- sion truly national, and indeed catholic and ecumenical, and in its foundation makes Washington Cathedral a truly national Church, and a fane for the benefit and uplifting of the whole world. The weather was fair and fine when the great procession began, but the sky became overcast toward its end, and as the service progressed a great storm cloud formed to the northeast of Mount Saint Alban, and threatened a deluge. There was abundant cause for anxiety and suspense. It came nearer and nearer. Drops began to fall. A few out in the open put up umbrellas. Then suddenly it dissipated; as the Bishop finished laying the stone there was a great burst of 44 Cije <£»teat Dap of tfje iFea0t sunshine, and by the end of the service the sky was clear and brilliant, and continued so all day. The air was fresh and rainwashed. Never was there a more glorious afternoon or a more distinct and thrilling view of the great city below, of the blue hills beyond, and of the winding river on the southern horizon, than on this great day of the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, on beautiful Mount Saint Alban in the year of grace 1907. One of poetic feeling and simple faith ob- served that one could almost see the Archangel and his hosts holding back the clouds in answer to the prayers of God's people. And so He who in the midst of the cold raw autumn air of that last Sunday in October, a. d. 1903, gave us a warm afternoon for the great Pan-American Missionary Ser- vice, and on the last Sunday in September, a. d. 1904, held back the rain in a clouded sky for the visit of the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Christian Unity Service, and had given a fair day for the Peace Cross Service on a memorable Sun- day in October, a. d. 1898, and on other notable occasions, again favored our open air Cathedral, and crowned our en- deavors and prayers with a great and glorious day. But we must return from this digression, interposed by rac- ing storm clouds, to take up the story of the service. Canon McKim, standing in the pulpit at the south end of the platform, began with the appointed versicles, and continued through the exhortation, after which Rev. Dr. Wm. R. Hunt- ington took the prayers and the following versicles, and then choir, clergy and people sang "All Hail the Power of Jesus's Name," in one grand acclaim of praise and devotion that thrilled us ever more and more, and gave the service at its very outset a strong note of enthusiasm and of moving and uplifting power. The Lesson was taken by the Archbishop of the West Indies, who read those solemn words, from the first chapter of St. John's Gospel, being the Gospel for Christmas Day, and em- bodying the most sacred and fundamental truths of our most holy religion, with very evident feeling and incisive emphasis. Jlaping tl)e jFouttDadon ^tone 45 It was at this point that drops of rain began to fall, and storm threatened; and just afterwards a rising wind brought down from the roof upon the unprotected President, and sev- eral of the bishops, trickhng streams of water that had been dammed up by leaves during the heavy rainfall of the early morning. But the downfall soon ended, and after adding a touch of interest and excitement, gavje way to serenity and calm. The Te Deum, following the Lesson, was sung with great effect, and so put to rout the fears of the timid, who felt that the Te Deum should surely be a part of this service, but musically, to an anthem setting, was in danger of proving an anticlimax in the open air. But the careful rehearsing of the choirs, singly and together, the splendid support of the section of the Marine Band, and the fine leadership of the choir- master, Mr. Edgar Priest, unexpectedly aided by the admirable acoustic effect of the roof of the platform, produced a result at once perfect and inspiring. Thrilling with this inspiration and following the lead of the Bishop of Cape Palmas, the great congregation thundered forth the Nicene Creed, and then hearkened reverently and fervently affirmed with loud Amens as the Bishop of Albany in full resonant voice offered the supplications. Then began the actual laying of the stone. The Bishop of Washington led in the recitation of the prefatory versicles, and after that the choir and people devoutly sang "O little town of Bethlehem." While this was in singing the stone was slowly lowered in the sight of all, and the little procession left the platform. This procession was led by a crucifer, and consisted of the Bishop, the Canons of the Cathedral, the architect, Mr. Henry Vaughan, robed in Master's gown and hood, and bearing the Cathedral trowel, and of Lemuel Towers, Jr., Esq., Worshipful Master, and Brothers W. S. Waddey, J. H. Yarnall, and David Ritten- house, of Potomac Lodge, F. A. A. M., bearing the mallet which President George Washington used at the laying of the cornerstone of the Capitol of the United States, September 18, A. D. 1793, and afterwards presented to Potomac Lodge, 46 Clje ©teat Dap of tfte iFca0t who kindly loaned it for this office. Reaching the level and proceeding to the site of the altar the Bishop and his com- panions passed down into the great pit into which the foun- dation stone was descending. Before the stone reached the bottom its descent was arrested, the Bishop laid the mortar, and made in it at center and four corners the sign of the cross, with the point of the trowel.* Then the stone was set in place, the Bishop struck, and so proved it, three times with the Wash- ington mallet and in the Name of the ever blessed Trinity. Then, just as the sun burst from the clouds gloriously, he ascended to the level, made the declaration of dedication, and bringing up the rear of the little procession as before, returned to his place at the center of the platform, with President Roose- velt on his right, and the Presiding Bishop on his left. Mean- while the congregation had preserved the solemn silence enjoined in the service book, and read the appointed passages from Holy Writ r.eciting the Virgin birth of Christ. The silence was indeed very solemn, and, concluding with the Bishop's strong voice in the declaration, and the people's great outburst of thanksgiving in the Gloria in excelsis, it formed a most impressive element at a stage in the service where usually there is a tedious wait accompanied by the creaking of straining ropes, turning windlass, and running block and pulley. After the Gloria in excelsis, the Bishop of Washington pre- sented the President of the United States, whose name was not in the service book, nor his coming announced in advance. It was only a day or two before that Mr. Roosevelt found him- self able so to arrange his appointments as to attend ; though the invitation had gone to him months in advance, the dedica- tion of the memorial to President McKinley at Canton, Ohio, on September 30th, had created complications. Mr. Roose- velt's address was delivered with his usual force and delibera- tion, and was listened to with close interest. Together with *It is noteworthy and remarkable that on a national occasion like this a great American eagle hovered high in the sky directly above the Founda- tion Stone as it was being laid. Jlntetluoe 47 the other addresses of this day it is printed elsewhere in this volume. The Bishop of London followed with his appointed saluta- tion. In print it gives little idea of its point and power. It was the man's personality behind the words which gave them their effect. For he won and held his audience as few can, by his evident vital human interest and sympathy, his trans- parent manliness and goodness, his direct, frank speech, his apt illustrations from life and personal experience, and his masterly use of his voice, and of effective emphasis on the words he wishes to tell, and to drive home his points. When he had done, the Bishop of Virginia read the offertory sentences, and the two appointed hymns were sung with spirit by the whole assemblage, while the offerings were collected. The Bishop of Virginia presented them while the long meter doxology to ever popular "Old Hundredth" swelled forth with powerful effect as from one mighty throat. The Bishop of Maryland offered the final collects, and the Presiding Bishop of the Church in the United States crowned the great service with the benediction. Immediately the band played the Dresden Amen, the reces- sional began, the great procession moving slowly, and the grove was again adorned and made melodious by the march- ing throng in white and color singing the songs of Sion. After the last hymn the choir prayer was said and Stain- er's Sevenfold Amen was played by the band. Then the various sections marched in order to their robing rooms, and the great service of the laying of the foundation stone of Washington Cathedral was ended. SnterluDe Then began the ministrations of hospitality. The invited guests betook themselves to the two great school buildings for luncheon, and the great multitudes distributed themselves about the Close and partook of the refection brought with 48 Cfje (Steat Dap of tfte jFeast them, or bought the luncheons arranged for by the Chapter at booths across the road. Meanwhile the accomplished carilloneur of the Metropolitan Methodist Church, Mr. R. H. Johnston, who had discoursed sweet melody from the memorial chimes in the bell tower of the Little Sanctuary all through the morning until the service began, again made the air tuneful with sacred themes, to the great delight of the people resting and refreshing themselves in the Cathedral Close and awaiting the Brotherhood service. ^tte OBtotftetftooD ^ettJice The hour appointed for the great Brotherhood service was three, the hour of the evening sacrifice in the Jewish Temple, but the midday office, on account of the unexpected addition of the President's address, and the service taking rather more time than had been estimated, had not ended until about 1.40 p. m., instead of at 1.15 p. m., as hoped for. So, as none had finished luncheon, the Bishop of Washington at 2.45 p. m. gave the word to postpone the afternoon office for fifteen minutes and it seemed unlikely that all could be ready even then. How- ever punctually at a quarter past three the procession began. The order was very much as in the morning, and the partici- pants, except that several of the older bishops, by reason of physical strain felt obliged to drop out, and the officers of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew at home and abroad, including our own local assembly, were given place in the procession and on the platform. And a most beautiful and impressive feature of the afternoon procession was the grouping of the officiating bishops in their gorgeous robes — for, as in the morning, the Bishop of London and Bishop Montgomery and the Bishop of Quebec wore their superb convocation robes, and so added a magnificent touch of brilliant scarlet to the already lustrous scene — the grouping of the officiating bishops, I say, upon the Calvary about the Peace Cross, their pectoral crosses and signet rings glittering in the glorious sunshine, while the Clje 'BtotbetijooD ^ettJice 49 Bishop of Washington said the opening, and afterwards the dosing, vestry prayer, and reviewed, as it were, the great procession of men and boys and presbyters passing with eager upturned faces. Furthermore, the Marine Band was now increased to its full strength of sixty pieces, and the choirs from four, of about 150 voices, 'as in the morning, to all the men and boys of our Church choirs in the District of Colum- bia — perhaps 500 in all. The procession moved down the hill into the great natural amphitheater, which was filled to its brim and over with a throng which surpassed all precedents. What a sight it was as one looked up to the west from the platform and saw the whole hillside, in its great fanlike shape, simply covered with people until the heads of the uppermost were outlined against the blue canopy of the sunlit sky above ! The attendance has been variously estimated. Some went as high as 40,000. The police say 20,000. But when the Archbishop of Canterbury was on the grounds in a. d. 1904 the police and transportation companies fixed the total at 35,000. And many present then and now, and observing closely are confident there were more present this time than ever before. When we had 17,000 at the Pan-American Missionary Ser- vice in A. D. 1903 it was possible to count fairly accurately at the gates. Taking that and other comparisons and data available it would seem safe to say that the number present in A. D. 1904 was 25,000 or 26,000 rather than 35,000, and in A. D. 1907, 30,000. The bishops, clergy, choirs, band, and Brotherhood repre- sentatives, reaching their assigned places, after singing in pro- cession with spirit and fine effect the appointed hymns. Bishop Montgomery, the prelate's great cross of the order of St. Michael and St. George sparkling on his breast, began the ser- vice, the Bishop of Shanghai led in the responsive reading of the Psalm, and the Bishop of St. Alban's read the Lesson, St. John i. 35 to 51, whose message was joyously taken up by the great host in the following hymn, "J^sus calls us o'er the 50 Cfte (©teat Dap of ttt iFcast tumult," the Brotherhood's chosen hymn, which was sung with an effect rarely if ever equalled even in the greatest meetings of that great society. With equal power the full throated host thundered forth the Apostles' Creed, the Bishop of Massa- chusetts leading in thi^ and in the versicles following. Then the Bishop of Quebec said the appointed collects and prayers, and again the torrent of song went up as the smoke of sacrifice to Heaven, in the popular hymn, "In the Cross of Christ I glory." After this the Bishop of Washington intro- duced the Bishop of London, who, he said, would not only speak to the theme of the service, "Man's Responsibility for Man," but also by commission from his grace, the Archbishop of Canterbury, present and dedicate the ambon or pulpit, made of stones from Canterbury Cathedral. The Bishop of London with his pointed and pictured address held the close attention of the great hosts, and proved himself indeed a very great open air speaker. Bishops, presbyters, and people hung on every word that came from his lips, and it was noted that the men of the band, who were in fine position to see and hear him, sat as if trans- fixed by the power of his preaching. It was the same with Father Waggett when he came to speak. And it was the power of the spoken word that thus gave the distinctive and characteristic note to the Brotherhood service, as was intended, while worship and devotion were the features, as was also intended, of the foundation stone service. At the one we re- ceived and at the other we offered. At the conclusion of his address Bishop Ingram presented and dedicated the ambon, following the form appointed, and printed elsewhere in this volume. Then we all sang with one voice and accord that bond of union 'twixt Great Britain and America, "Our fathers' God, to thee. Author of liberty," American in words, but the tune English and there the national air as well as here. This was followed by Justice Brewer's strong and thoughtful address, and then, as the shadows began to lengthen and evening perceptibly to fall, Father Waggett, in actetmatt) 5^ his usual garb as a Cowley father, and without cotta or stole, rose up and gave his powerful address, displaying strong in- tellectual gifts and attainments, a warm and deep human feel- ing and sympathy, an apt ability to win and move great crowds, and a rare effectiveness and dramatic power in delivery. Speedily after this the Presiding Bishop brought the service to a close with the benediction, and as the sun sank in the west and we climbed up the steeps of light singing "Onward Chris- tian Soldiers," "Sun of my soul, thou Saviour dear," and "For all the saints who from their labors rest," we realized that on this great feast day a vision of heaven had been vouch- safed us. The Church in her panoply of grace and beauty and effective power for men's salvation, was no longer a dream but a reality, and as the golden evening brightened in the west, we beheld a yet more glorious day, when the great army of the saints pass in bright array to their true native land and the heavenly Jerusalem. "Never again, never again, until in God's mercy I join the army of the redeemed, shall I see such a sight as this. But meanwhile with sure faith, and unfailing hope, and love never cold, can I, heartened by this vision today, struggle and fight and labor and pray, throughout my earthly course, for the hallowing of God's Name, the com- ing of His Kingdom, and the doing of His will, as in heaven, so also on earth." This is the thought, the hope, the reso- lution, that sprang into the hearts and minds of many as they climbed St. Alban's holy mount, and brought to a close the great Cathedral services on the great day of the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, in the historic year of our Lord, 1907. aftermati) For many there were yet other works this crowded day. The Bishop of London preached a wonderfully helpful ser- mon on suffering at the opening service of the convention of the Guild of St. Barnabas for nurses, at the Church of the Epiphany at 8 p. m. Many bishops and presbyters gave ser- 52 Cl)e CDreat Dap of tfte jFeast mons or addresses at parish services all over the city, and some were among the speakers at the final meetings of the Brother- hood International Convention at Continental Hall, among them the Bishop of St. Albans. The choirs hurried home to be ready for the festival services in their own churches, and by every mode of conveyance and on foot the great throngs descended from the heights of vision to the plains of duty and labor. As he drove away from Mount Saint Alban the Bishop of London turned to the Bishop of Washington and said very seriously and deliberately, "My dear Bishop, I wish to thank you for the great privilege you have given me today. We feel, my Chaplain and I, that this is the greatest service in which we have ever participated." This was cor- roborative, to a strange degree, of the like remark of Arch- bishop Davidson three years before, after the Christian Unity Service at Washington Cathedral Close. He, too, in the car- riage, testified: "This service is at once the most beautiful, the most complicated, and the best managed in which I ever took part." The cheerful and ready help of many men during many weeks, and especially on the day itself, wrought this splendid result. Moreover, to the laurels of the Master of Ceremonies, of the Chief Marshal, of the police, and the transportation companies on these occasions, and to the credit of the citizens of Washington of all sorts and kinds, is to be added this, that no accident, crime, or disorder marked or marred either event. And so the prayers and endeavors and labors of many heads and hands during many months, by the favor of God and the co-operation of many workmen, were brought to a happy and prosperous issue, and the first stone laid of the great Cathe- dral which we scarce may hope, and yet devoutly and believ- ingly pray, will be builded in our day to adorn the Nation's Capital, to glorify the King of kings, and rejoice the hearts of God's people. ®If^ Jnrma Atrp0mt^iii fax % WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL THE OFFICE FOR THE LAYING OF THE FOUNDATION STONE Feast of St. Michael and All Angels A. D. 1907. mi men, all tbinge, all tbat batb Itte and bteatb, aim to tbe Xord. Itallelujab ! THE OFFICE FOR THE LAYING OF THE FOUNDATION STONE OF WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL Copyright, 1907, by Kenry y. Satterlee Bishop of Washington Press of Byron S. Adams Washington, D. C. VIEW OF WEbT FACADE OF WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL [i-ioni llir Archilccl's drawMngJ SET FORTH BY ORDER AUTHORITY THE PROCESSIONAL PART I. npHE world is very evil; ■*■ The times are waxing late; Be sober and keep vigil. The Judge is at the gate ; The Judge who comes in mercy. The Judge who comes with might, To terminate the evil, To diadem the right. Arise, arise, good Christian, Let right to wrong succeed ; Let penitential sorrow To heavenly gladness lead : To the home of fadeless splendour, Of flowers that bear no thorn. Where they shall dwell as children Who here as exiles mourn ; 6o 'Mid power that knows no limit, And wisdom free from bound, Where rests a peace untroubled. Peace holy and profound. O happy, holy portion. Refection for the blest, True vision of true beauty. Sweet cure for all distrest ! Thou hast no shore, fair ocean ! Thou hast no time, bright day ! Dear fountain of refreshment To pilgrims far away ! Strive, man, to win that glory ; Toil, man, to gain that light ; Send hope before to grasp it. Till hope be lost in sight. PART II. BRIEF life is here our portion. Brief sorrow, short-lived care; The life that knows no ending, The tearless life is there ! O happy retribution! Short toil, eternal rest. For mortals and for sinners, A mansion with the blest ! There grief is turned to pleasure; Such pleasure as below No human voice can utter, No human heart can know ; And after fleshly weakness. And after this world's night, And after storm and whirlwind. Are calm, and joy, and light. 6i 3 And now we fight the battle, But then shall wear the crown Of full and everlasting And passionless renown; And he whom now we trust in, Shall then be seen and known, And they that know and see him. Shall have him for their own. 4 And now we watch and struggle, And now we live in hope. And Sion in her anguish, With Babylon must cope; But there is David's fountain. And life in fullest glow; And there the light is golden. And milk and honey flow. 5 The morning shall awaken. The shadows flee away. And each true-hearted servant Shall shine as doth the day; For God our King and Portion, In fulness of his grace. We then shall see forever. And worship face to face. PART III. FOR thee, O dear, dear country. Mine eyes their vigils keep; For very love beholding Thy holy name, they weep. The mention of thy glory Is unction to the breast. And medicine in sickness. And love, and life, and rest. 62 2 O one, O only mansion! O Paradise of joy! Where tears are ever banished And smiles have no alloy; Thy loveliness oppresses All human thought and heart, And none, O Peace, O Sion, Can sing thee as thou art. 3 With jaspers glow thy bulwarks. Thy streets with emeralds blaze ; The sardius and the topaz Unite in thee their rays ; Thine ageless walls are bonded With amethyst unpriced ; The saints build up thy fabric, And the corner stone is Christ. 4 The cross is all thy splendour. The Crucified thy praise ; His laud and benediction Thy ransomed people raise : Upon the Rock of Ages They build thy holy tower; Thine is the victor's laurel. And thine the golden dower. PART IV. JERUSALEM, the golden ! "^ With milk and honey blest ; Beneath thy contemplation Sink heart and voice opprest. I know not, oh, I know not. What joys await us there! What radiancy of glory! What bliss beyond compare! 63 2 They stand, those halls of Sion, All jubilant with song, And bright with many an angel, And all the martyr throng. The Prince is ever in them, The daylight is serene; The pastures of the blessed Are decked in glorious sheen. 3 There is the throne of David; And there, from care released. The shout of them that triumph. The song of them that feast. And they, who with their Leader, Have conquered in the fight. Forever and forever Are clad in robes of white. 4 O sweet and blessed country. The home of God's elect ! O sweet and blessed country, That eager hearts expect ! Jesus, in mercy bring- us To that dear land of rest! Who art with God the Father, And Spirit, ever blest. 64 ^The Clergy and People being assembled at the place appointed, and all standing, the Bishop, or one chosen by him, shall begin the service, saying. o |UR help is in the Name of the Lord ; Answer. Who hath made heaven and earth. Minister. Blessed be the Name of the Lord ; Answer. Henceforth, world without end. Minister. Except the Lord build the house ; Answer. Their labour is but lost that build it. Minister. Except the Lord keep the city ; Answer. The watchman waketh but in vain. Minister. O God, make speed to save us. Answer. O Lord, make haste to help us. Minister. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost ; Answer. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. ^Then shall the Minister turn to the people and say, /'^OOD People, we are gathered together in the Name and ^-* Presence of Almighty God, to begin a new sowing for the Master and for man. We have come here to lay the foundation stone of Washington Cathedral. Wherefore I be- seech you to call upon God our Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, that he would grant that this sacred enterprise may prove a distinct and positive gain to citizenship, to country and to civilization; and that he would bestow upon it, of his gra- cious mercy, the highest influence and the widest usefulness, both in the immediate present and in all the years to come. 65 ^Tken, all standing, the Minister and the People shall say the Lord's Prayer, the Minister first pronouncing, Let us pray. Lord, have mercy upon us. Christ, have mercy upon us. Lord, have mercy upon us. /^UR Father, who art in heaven. Hallowed be thy Name. ^-^ Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth. As it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, As we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation ; But deliver us from evil : For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen. ^Then shall the Minister add this Collect, OLORD, without whom our labour is but lost, and with whom thy little ones go forth as the mighty ; be present to bless all works in thy Church which are undertaken accord- ing to thy will, and especially that to which we set our hands this day, granting to us, thy labourers, a pure intention, patient faith, sufficient success upon earth, and the bliss of serving thee in heaven ; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. ^Then likewise he shall say, Lift up your hearts. Answer. We lift them up unto the Lord. Minister. O sing praises, sing praises unto our God. Answer. O sing praises, sing praises unto our King. Minister. Hosanna to the Son of David. Answer. Hosanna in the highest. 66 ^Then shall be sung this Hymn, A LL hail the power of Jesus' Name ! -^*- Let angels prostrate fall; Bring forth the royal diadem, And crown him Lord of all ! 2 Crown him, ye martyrs of our God, Who from his altar call : Extol the Stem of Jesse's rod, And crown him Lord of all ! 3 Hail him, the Heir of David's line. Whom David, Lord did call; The God incarnate ! Man divine ! And crown him Lord of all ! 4 Ye seed of Israel's chosen race. Ye ransomed of the fall, Hail him who saves you by his grace. And crown him Lord of all ! 5 Sinners, whose love can ne'er forget The wormwood and the gall, Go, spread your trophies at his feet. And crown him Lord of all ! 6 Let every kindred, every tribe, Before him prostrate fall ! To him all majesty ascribe. And crown him Lord of all ! ^7 \rhen shall the one appointed read the Lesson, St. John i. i to IS, saying. Hear what the Apostle Saint John saith. N the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with I God, and the Word was God. The same was in the be- ginning with God. All things were made by him; and with- out him was not any thing made that was made. In him was life ; and the life was the light of men. And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not. There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. The same came for a witness, to bear witness of the Light, that all men through him might believe. He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light. That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world. He was in the world, and the world was made by him, and the world knew him not. He came unto his own, and his own received him not. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name: which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth. YThen shall the Minister say, Here endeth the Lesson. 68 ^After the Lesson shall be swig the following Hymn, all standing. Te Dewn laudamus. WE praise thee, O God: we acknowledge thee to be the Lord. All the earth doth worship thee : the Father everlasting. To thee all Angels cry aloud: the Heavens, and all the Powers therein; To thee Cherubim and Seraphim : continually do cry, Holy, Holy, Holy: Lord God of Sabaoth ; Heaven and earth are full of the Majesty: of thy glory. The glorious company of the Apostles : praise thee. The goodly fellowship of the Prophets : praise thee. The noble army of Martyrs : praise thee. The holy Church throughout all the world: doth acknowl- edge thee; The Father: of an infinite Majesty; Thine adorable, true: and only Son; Also the Holy Ghost: the Comforter. Thou art the King of Glory : O Christ. Thou art the everlasting Son : of the Father. When thou tookest upon thee to deliver man: thou didst humble thyself to be born of a Virgin. When thou hadst overcome the sharpness of death : thou didst open the Kingdom of Heaven to all believers. Thou sittest at the right hand of God : in the glory of the Father. We believe that thou shalt come : to be our Judge. We therefore pray thee, help thy servants : whom thou hast redeemed with thy precious blood. Make them to be numbered with thy Saints : in glory ever- lasting. O Lord, save thy people : and bless thine heritage. Govern them : and lift them up for ever. 6g Day by day : we magnify thee ; And we worship thy Name : ever, world without end. Vouchsafe, O Lord : to keep us this day without sin. O Lord, have mercy upon us : have mercy upon us. O Lord, let thy mercy be upon us : as our trust is in thee. O Lord, in thee have I trusted : let me never be confounded. ^Then shall be said the Nicene Creed. T BELIEVE in one God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth. And of all things visible and invisible : And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God ; Begotten of his Father before all worlds, God of God, Light of Light, Very God of very God ; Begotten, not made ; Being of one substance with the Father ; By whom all things were made : Who for us men and for our salvation came down from heaven. And was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, And was made man : And was crucified also for us under Pon- tius Pilate; He suffered and was buried: And the third day he rose again according to the Scriptures : And ascended into heaven, And sitteth on the right hand of the Father: And he shall come again, with glory, to judge both the quick and the dead; Whose kingdom shall have no end. And I believe in the Holy Ghost, The Lord, and Giver of Life, Who proceedeth from the Father and the Son; Who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified; Who spake by the Prophets : And I believe one Catholic and Apostolic Church: I acknowledge one Baptism for the remis- sion of sins : And I look for the Resurrection of the dead : And the Life of the world to come. Amen. '^And after that, all still standing, the Bishop or one chosen by him, shall offer these Supplications, first pronouncing,. The Lord be with you. Answer. And with thy spirit. Let us pray. REGARD, we beseech thee, O Lord, the supplications of thy servants, and be pleased to accept and bless this stone, which we set here for a foundation, in the name and strength of him who is the tried and precious Stone, our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Grant, O Lord, that the founders, benefactors and all those who, to the furtherance of the work of this Cathedral, faith- fully offer to thee of their prayers, their labours and their sub- stance, may come, together with all thy saints, to those un- speakable joys which thou hast prepared for those who un- feignedly love thee. Amen. Grant, O Lord, thy protection to all who labour in the build- ing of this house of God; keep them from hurt and harm; guard their lips, set a watch over their thoughts and deeds, and bring them to dwell in thy temple forever. Amen. Grant, O Lord, that all who come hither to worship thee on this holy hill, may hear and receive thy holy Word with meek heart and due reverence, and, by the inspiration of thy Holy Spirit, may perfectly love thee, and worthily magnify thy holy Name, in this world even unto the end of the days, and in the world to come throughout the ages everlasting. Amen. Grant, O Lord, a speedy fulfilment of our prayers and en- deavours, and in our time build this Cathedral, and frame it to- gether, fit and meet for thy worship, for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, and for the edifying of the body of Christ, till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ. Amen. Grant, O Lord, the full measure of thy blessing to the Bishop, Clergy and People of this diocese, and give them grace to continue stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in the breaking of bread and in prayers, and to labour faith- fully for the coming of thy kingdom, for the hallowing of thy Name, and for the good estate of thy Church and of all man- kind, both now and always. Am,en. 71 Grant, O Lord, that all who serve thee in any office or minis- tration, here or elsewhere, may walk worthy of the vocation wherewith they are called, with all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering, forbearing one another in love, endeavour- ing to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. Vouch- safe to bless and prosper the Church and Commonwealth of this land, and replenish with thy grace the President of the United States, and all in civil authority in this and in other countries. And, we beseech thee, guard and protect all those that labour for the spread of thy kingdom whether at home or abroad ; be- stow upon them the sevenfold gifts of thy Holy Spirit; bring the heathen into thy fold ; add the nations to thine inheritance ; stir up the wills of all who dwell in Christian lands, and inspire all men everywhere to own and serve Jesus Christ as their sole Lord and Saviour, and to show forth their faith in him both with their lips and their lives. Amen. Grant, we beseech thee, blessed Lord, that thy holy Catholic Church may be filled with the spirit of truth, unity and con- cord, and may seek diligently to minister, to all sorts and con- ditions of men, thy precious gifts of Holy Scripture and Apos- tolic Creed, Holy Sacrament and Apostolic Order. May thy Church, together with the states and nations of all the world, devoutly be given to all good works, for thy greater glory and the good of mankind, that the comfortable Gospel of Christ may be truly preached, truly received, and truly followed, in all places, to the breaking down the kingdom of sin, Satan, and death, and the hastening thy kingdom of righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. And we pray thee to in- form, and teach, and guide with thine Eye, all who profess and call themselves Christians, that they may learn and confess, for the health of their souls and bodies, that Jesus Christ is very God of very God, and very man of very man, and came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the operation of the Holy Ghost, of the substance of the Virgin Mary his mother, and that without spot of sin, to make us clean from all sin. All which we beg for the same, thy Son, Jesus Christ's sake, our most blessed Lord and Saviour. Amen. B 72 ^Then the Bishop shall say, EHOLD I lay in Sion a chief cornerstone, elect, precious. Answer. And he that believeth in him shall not be con- founded. Bishop. The Stone which the builders refused. Answer. Is become the head of the comer. Bishop. This is none other but the house of God ; Answer. And this is the gate of heaven. Bishop. My house shall be called a house of prayer for all people; Answer. From the rising of the sun even unto the going down of the same. Bishop. Glory be to God on high ; Answer. And on earth peace, good will towards men. \\Here, while the architect and workmen are making ready, this Hymn shall be sung, O LITTLE town of Bethlehem! How still we see thee lie; Above thy deep and dreamless sleep The silent stars go by ; Yet in thy dark streets shineth The everlasting Light ; The hopes and fears of all the years Are met in thee to-night. 2 For Christ is born of Mary, And gathered all above, While mortals sleep, the angels keep Their watch of wondering love. O morning stars, together Proclaim the holy birth ! And praises sing to God the King And peace to men on earth. 3 How silently, how silently, The wondrous gift is given ! So God imparts to human hearts The blessings of his heaven. No ear may hear his coming, But in this world of sin, Where meek souls will receive him still, The dear Christ enters in. 73 Allien the Bishop, with the accustomed ceremonies, shall lay and prove THE FOUNDATION STONE ^While the Bishop is laying the stone all the people shall keep SILENCE remembering that when the Temple of Solomon was in building neither hammer nor axe nor any tool of iron was heard in the house, and prayer- fully meditating upon the holy words following, reminding them that as the birth of Christ was the beginning of the kingdom of God on earth, so this foundation stone is the beginning of Washington Cathedral, to be builded here as a witness to the Incarnation and Birth of Jesus Christ of the substance of a pure Virgin. The Gospel according to St. Matthew. Ch. i. 18 to 25. ^^be bfrtb of Jesus Cbrlst was on tbis wise : "CDlben ^1 as bis motbet flBats was espouseO to Joseph, Vi^ before tbe^ came togetber, sbe was found witb cbU6 of tbe !HolB ©bost. tEbcn Josepb, bcr bus« band, being a just man, and not wtUing to malte bet a pubKcIi example, was minded to put bet awag prlpllis. 3But wblle be tbougbt on tbesc tblngs, bebold, tbe angel of tbe Xord appeated unto blm in a dteam, saving, Josepb, tbou son of S)avld, feat not to tafte unto tbee /BiatB tbE wife: foi tbat wbicb is conceited in bet is of tbe 5HolB ©bost. and sbe sball bring fottb a son, and tbou sbalt call bis name 5:651113: for be sball save bis people from tbelr sins, mow all tbis was done, tbat it migbt be fulfilled wbicb was spoften of tbe 3Lotd bg tbe ptopbet, saving, ISebold, a vitgin sball be witb cblld, and sball btlng fottb a son, and tbe? sball call bis name £mmanuel, wbicb being Intetpteted is, 0od witb us. Zhcn Joseph being raised from sleep did as tbe angel of tbe lord bad bidden blm, and tool; unto blm bis wife : and linew bet not till sbe bad btougbt fottb bet fitstbotn son : and be called bis name JJESIHS. The Gospel according to St. Luke. Ch. ii. 1 to 22. Bnd it came to pass In tbose da^s, tbat tbete went out a dectee ftom Caesat augustus, tbat all tbe ' wotld sbould be fayed, (and tbis tajing was fltst made wben Cstenius was govetnot of Sstla.) and all went to be tayed, evete one Into bis own citis. and Joseph also went up ftom ©alllee, out of tbe cltg of flasaretb, into Judaea, unto tbe citB of David, wbicb is called JBetblebem; (because be was of tbe bouse and lineage of David:) to be taxed witb /USarB bis espoused wife, being great witb cblld. and so it was, tbat, wblle tbeg were tbere, tbe da^s were accomplished tbat sbe should be delivered, and sbe brought forth bet fitstbotn 74 0on, and wtapped bim in ewadOling clotbee. and laid bint in a manger ; because tbere was no room tot tbem in tbe inn. anO tberc were in tbe same countrg sbepbet&s abi&ing in tbe flelO, Rceping watcb ovct tbeir tlocft bg nigbt. an&, lo, tbe angel of tbe XorO came upon tbem, anO tbe glors of tbe lLor& sbone round about tbem : and tbes were sore afraid, and tbe angel said unto tbem, fear not : for, bebold, f bring bou good tidings of great JOB, wbicb sball be to all people. 3for unto bou is born tbis dag in tbe citg of David a Saviour, wbicb is Cbrist tbe Xord. and tbis sball be a sign unto gou ; Ke sball find tbe babe wrapped in swaddling clotbcs, liging in a manger, and suddcnlB^tbere was witb tbe angel a mul= titude of tbe beavenlg bost praising ©od, and saging, ©lorg to ©od in tbe bigbest, and on eartb peace, good will toward men. and it came to pass, as tbe angels were gone awag from tbem into beaven, tbe sbepberds said one to anotber, Xct us now go even unto :)Betblebem, and see tbis tbing wbicb is come to pass, wbicb tbe Xord batb made Iinown unto us- and tbeg came witb baste, and found /IBarg, and Josepb, and tbe babe Iging in a manger, and wben tbeg bad seen it, tbeg made ftnown abroad tbe saving wbicb was told tbem concerning tbis cblld. and all tbeg tbat beard it wondered at tbose tbings wbicb were told tbem bg tbe sbepberds. asut i!fiarg ftcpt all tbese tbings, and pondered tbem in ber bcart. and tbe sbepberds returned, glorifging and prais* ing ©od for all tbe tbings tbat tbeg bad beard and seen, as it was told unto tbem. and wben eigbt dags were accomplisbed for tbe circumcising of tbe cbfld, bis name was called JESTHS, wbicb was so named of tbe angel before be was conceived in tbe womb. The Epistle of St. Paul to the Philippians. Ch. ii. 5 to 12. ^*»et tbis mind be in gou, wbicb was also in Cbrist 11 Jesus: wbo, being in tbe form of ©od, tbougbt /••wir itnotrobberg to be equal witb ©od: but made bimself of no reputation, and tooli upon bim tbe form of a servant, and was made in tbe likeness of men.- and being found in fasbton as a man, be bumbled bimself, and became obedient unto deatb, even tbe deatb of tbe cross. 'CDlberefore ©od also batb bigblg cralted bim, and given bim a name wbicb is above evcrg name: tbat at tbe name of JJESias everg ftnee sbould bow, of tbings in beaven, and tbings in eartb, and tbings under tbe eartb; and tbat everg tongue sbould confess tbat Jesus Cbrist is Xord, to tbe glorg of ©od tbe jfatber. 75 The Epistle of St. Ignatius of Antioch to the Ephesians. Ch. xviii. 2, xix. 1. (a.d. no.) j^ot out ©06, 5cs\xs tbe Cbrist, was conceive© In tbc II womb ot fliarg accoraing to a Otepengatfon, ot tbe %|| eeeb ot DavfO but also ot tbe Mols ©bost; anO be was born an6 was baptfseO tbat bg bis passion be migbt cleanse water. HnO bf66en from tbe prince ot tbfs worio were tbe virgfnltis of /fiarg anO ber cbllD-bcarfng an& HItewfse also tbe Oeatb of tbe Xor&, tbrce m^sterfes to be proclalmeJ) aloud wbtcb were wrought in tbe silence of ©od. ^When the Bishop has laid and proved the stone, he shall face the People and say, TN the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the -■■ Holy Ghost. Amen. I do pronounce and declare duly and truly laid this Founda- tion Stone of Washington Cathedral, to be builded here to the glory of the ever blessed Trinity, and in honour of Christ our Lord, the Incarnate Son of God, and to be dedicated under the name and title of his blessed Apostles and Martyrs, Saint Peter and Saint Paul, as a House of Prayer for all people, and for the ministration of God's holy Word and Sacraments, according to the use of the branch of the holy Catholic Church known as the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. And I do furthermore declare and proclaim that the Bishop, Chapter, and Diocese of Washington, do hold and administer this Cathedral Church as a trust, for the benefit and use not only of the people of this Diocese and City, but also of the whole American Church, whose every baptized member shall have part and ownership in this House of God. Other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, even Jesus Christ, who is God over all, blessed for evermore. Amen. 76 ^Here shall be sung the Gloria in excelsis. /'^LORY be to God on high, and on earth peace, good will ^~-' towards men. We praise thee, we bless thee, we worship thee, we glorify thee, we give thanks to thee for thy great glory, O Lord God, heavenly King, God the Father Almighty. O Lord, the only-begotten Son, Jesus Christ; O Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father, that takest away the sins of the world, have mercy upon us. Thou that takest away the sins of the world, have mercy upon us. Thou that takest away the sins of the world, receive our prayer. Thou that sittest at the right hand of God the Father, have mercy upon us. For thou only art holy ; thou only art the Lord ; thou only, O Christ, with the Holy Ghost, art most high in the glory of God the Father. Amen. m SALUTATION The Bishop of London m ^Then the Bishop of the Diocese, or one appointed by him, shall begin the Offertory, saying, REMEMBER the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It ■ is more blessed to give than to receive. Acts xx. 35. Speak unto the children of Israel, that they bring me an offering; of every man that giveth it willingly with his heart ye shall take my offering. Exod. xxv. 2. Ye shall not appear before the Lord empty ; every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of the Lord thy God which he hath given thee. Deut. xvi. 16, 17. Thine, O Lord^ is the greatness, and the power, and the glory, and the victory, and the majesty: for all that is in the heaven and in the earth is thine; thine is the kingdom, O Lord, and thou art exalted as head above all. i Chron. xxix. II. 77 ^After the Sentences, while those appointed take up the offerings, these Hymns shall be sung. pRAISE to the Holiest in the height -*• And in the depth be praise ; In all his words most wonderful, Most sure in all his ways. 2 O loving wisdom of our God ! When all was sin and shame, A second Adam to the fight And to the rescue came. 3 O wisest love ! that flesh and blood, Which did in Adam fail, Should strive afresh against their foe, Should strive and should prevail : 4 And that a higher gift than grace Should flesh and blood refine; God's presence and his very Self, And essence all-divine. 5 O generous love ! that he, who smote In Man for man the foe ; The double agony in Man For man should undergo; 6 And in the garden secretly, And on the cross on high. Should teach his brethren, and inspire To suffer and to die. 7 Praise to the Holiest in the height. And in the depth be praise ; In all his words most wonderful. Most sure in all his ways. 78 'T^HE Church's one foundation -*- Is Jesus Christ her Lord; She is his new creation By water and the word : From heaven he came and sought her To be his holy Bride ; With his own Blood he bought her, And for her life he died. Elect from every nation, Yet one o'er all the earth, Her charter of salvation. One Lord, one Faith, one Birth; One holy Name she blesses. Partakes one holy food. And to one hope she presses. With every grace endued. 'Mid toil and tribulation, And tumult of her war She waits the consummation Of peace for evermore ; Till with the vision glorious Her longing eyes are blest, And the great Church victorious Shall be the Church at rest. Yet she on earth hath union With God the Three in One, And mystic sweet communion With those whose rest is won : O happy ones and holy! Lord, give us grace that we Like them, the meek and lowly. On high may dwell with thee. 79 VVhen the Devotions of the People are presented this Doxology shall be sung, pRAISE God, from whom all blessings flow! •*■ Praise him, all creatures here below ! Praise him above, ye heavenly host ! Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ! Amen. ^The)i the Bishop, or one appointed by him, shall say, The Lord be with you. Answer. And with thy spirit. Minister. Let us pray. O EVERLASTING God, who hast ordained and consti- tuted the services of Angels and men in a wonderful order; Mercifully grant that, as thy holy Angels always do thee service in heaven, so, by thy appointment, they may suc- cour and defend us on earth ; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. r^ ALMIGHTY God, who by thy Son Jesus Christ didst ^^ give to thy Apostle Saint Peter many excellent gifts, and didst command him earnestly to feed thy flock, and madest thy Apostle Saint Paul a choice vessel to bear thy Name before the Gentiles; Make we beseech thee all Bishops and Pastors diligently to preach thy holy Word and the People obediently to follow the same, that they may receive the crown of everlasting glory; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. WE beseech thee, O Lord, pour thy grace into our hearts*, that, as we have known the incarnation of thy Son Jesus Christ by the message of an Angel, so by his cross and passion we may be brought unto the glory of his resurrection ; through the same Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. GRANT, we beseech thee. Almighty God, that like as we do believe thy only-begotten Son our Lord Jesus Christ to have ascended into the heavens ; so we may also in heart and mind thither ascend, and with him continually dwell, who liveth and reigneth with thee and the Holy Ghost, one God, world without end. Amen. 8o A LMIGHTY and everlasting God, who hast given unto us -^ *• thy servants grace, by the confession of a tnie faith, to acknowledge the glory of the eternal Trinity, and in the power of the Divine Majesty to worship the Unity; We beseech thee that thou wouldest keep us stedfast in this faith, and evermore defend us from all adversities, who livest and reignest, one God, world without end. Amen. ^Then shall the Bishop lei them depart with this Blessing. 'T^HE Peace of God, which passeth all understanding, keep -*- your hearts and minds in the knowledge and love of God, and of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord: And the Blessing of God Almighty, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, be amongst you, and remain with you always. Amen. THE RECESSIONALS 10RD of our life, and God of our salvation, ■^ Star of our night, and hope of every nation, Hear and receive thy Church's supplication. Lord God Almighty. 2 See round thine Ark the hungry billows curling ! See how thy foes their banners are unfurling ! Lord, while their darts envenomed they are hurling. Thou canst preserve us. 3 Lord, thou canst help when earthly armour f aileth ; Lord, thou canst save when deadly sin assaileth ; Lord, o'er thy Rock nor death nor hell prevaileth ; Grant us thy peace, Lord ! 8i 4 Peace, in our hearts, our evil thoughts assuaging, Peace, in thy Church, where brothers are engaging. Peace, when the world its busy war is waging ; Calm thy foes raging ! 5 Grant us thy help till backward they are driven ; Grant them thy truth, that they may be forgiven ; Grant peace on earth, and after we have striven. Peace in thy heaven. II. RISE, crowned with light, imperial Salem, rise ! Exalt thy towering head and lift thine eyes ! See heaven its sparkling portals wide display. And break upon thee in a flood of day. 2 See a long race thy spacious courts adorn : See future sons, and daughters yet unborn, In crowding ranks on every side arise, Demanding life, impatient for the skies. 3 See barbarous nations at thy gates attend, Walk in thy light, and in thy temple bend : See thy bright altars thronged with prostrate kings. While every land its joyous tribute brings. 4 The seas shall waste, the skies to smoke decay, Rocks fall to dust, and mountains melt away; But fixed his word, his saving power remains ; Thy realm shall last, thy own Messiah reigns. 82 III. /^ SION haste, thy mission high fulfiHing, ^^ To tell to all the world that God is Light ; That he who made all nations is not willing One soul should perish, lost in shades of night : Publish glad tidings ; Tidings of peace ; Tidings of Jesus, Redemption and release. Behold how many thousands still are lying Bound in the darksome prison-house of sin. With none to tell them of the Saviour's dying. Or of the life he died for them to win. Publish, etc. 'Tis thine to save from peril of perdition The souls for whom the Lord his life laid down ; Beware lest, slothful to fulfill thy mission, Thou lose one jewel that should deck his Crown. Publish, etc. Proclaim to every people, tongue and nation That God, in whom they live and move, is love ; Tell how he stooped to save his lost creation. And died on earth that man might live above. Publish, etc. Give of thy sons to bear the message glorious ; Give of thy wealth to speed them on their way ; Pour out thy soul for them in prayer victorious ; And all thou spendest Jesus will repay. Publish, etc. He comes again — O Sion, ere thou meet him, Make known to every heart his saving grace ; Let none whom he hath ransomed fail to greet him, Through thy neglect, unfit to see his face. Publish, etc. Description of the Foundation Stone and of the Service The Foundation Stone, embedded in a large block of American granite, is a stone brought over for this purpose from the field adjoining the Church of the Holy Nativity at Bethlehem. It is the first stone of the substructure which will support the Cathedral altar, and will form the rear wall of the Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Nativity, in the Crypt, commem- orating the Virgin birth of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. This Chapel will be used daily at noon, during the building of the Cathedral, in supplications for the protection of the workmen, and the spread of Christ's kingdom over all the earth. On the Foundation Stone is inscribed the text, The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us. St. John i. 14. The Stone, however, will not be visible after the Cathedral is built. This is symbolic of the first beginning of the Incarnation, which the Church commemorates on the Feast of the Annunciation, and also of the Resurrection of our blessed Lord, two divine mysteries which were hidden from the human eye, as is God's way in his fresh beginnings of life, as well in the realms of nature as in the kingdom of grace. The office for the laying of the Foundation Stone blends into one whole the themes of the beginning of the National Cathedral and of the redemption of the human race, by the incarnation of the Son of God of a pure Virgin by the operation of the Holy Ghost, together with the thoughts and aspirations for the unity of the Church, the evangelization of the world, the hallowing of the life of the Nation, and the growth of the Church in this country and in all lands, suggested by the presence in Washington of the International Convention of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, with bishops, priests and laymen representative of all parts of this land and of the world, on the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, in this three hun- dredth year of our Church and civilization in America. Into the service are wrought reminiscences of all the chief services hitherto held at Mount Saint Alban. The opening of the service is an- nounced, as usual at the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, with the music of trumpets sounding a motif from Mendelssohn's Hymn of Praise, of which the words are, All men, all things, all that hath life and breath, sing to the Lord. Hallelujah. The exhortation is cast in the mould of President McKinley's address at the Raising of the Peace Cross. The last petition of the final supplication follows the words of the Proper Preface for Christmas Day in the Book of Common Prayer. The fifth and seventh supplications are based on Ephesians iv, usually read as the lesson at special Cathedral services. The hymns, except Phillips Brooks' hymn, "O little town of Bethlehem," and "Rise, crowned with light," specially appointed for this occasion, have been consecrated by fre- quent use in the services at Mount Saint Alban. 84 In order to place the service on the highest plane of faith and devotion, the Prologue to the Gospel according to St. John is appointed for the Lesson, the Creed is said in its Nicene form, and the Te Deum laudantus, the Gloria in excelsis, and the Doxology are selected to be sung. The versicles include the Gloria Patri, Sursum corda, Hosanna, and Gloria in excelsis, and like antiphons maintain a high note of prevailing praise. The Collect after the Lord's Prayer is by Canon Bright, and is frequently used here; the St. Peter and St. Paul Collect, at the end, as enlarged, is reputed to be by Bishop Cosin (temp. Charles II.), and was first, used here at the Raising of the Peace Cross. The great hymn of St. Bernard of Cluny, Hora Novissima, sung as the Processional, with its vision of the heavenly city as the guerdon of earthly toils, has often been sung here, and serves to remind us that the Cathedral, God's temple made with hands, is meant to be a gateway to the Church triumphant, eternal in the heavens. VIEW OF THE NAVE OF WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL LOOKING TOWARD THE CHANCEL [From the Architect's drawinjiJ Sunday Afternoon, the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, September 29, a. d. 1907. selections and appointments. Processional Hymns 507, 249, 261. Sentences of Scripture: Mai. i. 11. Psalm xliii. 5. Shorter Kyries. The Lord's Prayer. Versicles and Responses. The Long Meter Doxology. Psalm 122. The Lesson : St. John i. 25 to 51. HYifN after the Lesson 143. The Apostles' Creed. Versicles and Responses. Collects : For Feast of St. Michael and All Angels. For Eighteenth Sunday after Trinity. For Feast of St. Andrew. For Peace. For Aid against Perils. Prayers : For the President. For the Clergy and People. The Prayer of St. Chrysostom. ii Corinthians, xiii. 14. Hymn 359. Addresses on Man's Responsibility for Man. Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Arthur F. Winnington- Ingram, Bishop of London. Hon. David J. Brewer, Associate Justice, U. S. Supreme Court. Rev. P. N. Waggett, s. s. j. e. Hymn, after Second Address, 196. Benediction. Recessional Hymns 516, 11, 176. WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL THE FORM FOR THE DEDICATION THE CANTERBURY AMBON Feast of St. Michael AND All Angels A. D. 1907 ORDER SET FORTH BY AUTHORITY ^At the end of his address at the Brotherhood Open Air Service, the Bishop of London will formally present the Canterbury Ambon, and the Bishop of Washington will receive the same on behalf of Washington Cathe- dral Chapter. yCThen, all standing, the Bishop of London will say these collects and prayers, first pronouncing, T^HE Lord be with you -*- Answer. And with thy spirit. Let us pray. ALMIGHTY Father, we humbly ask thee to accept and bless n. this Ambon, which we dedicate here to thy greater glory. and in memory of all those who, during many ages, have laboured to preach and teach the Bible in the English tongue to all sorts and conditions of men; beseeching thee to grant that they, together with all who come hither to hear thy holy Word, may be rewarded with thy saints in glory everlasting; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. T>LESSED Lord, who hast caused all holy Scriptures to be -'-' written for our learning; Grant that we may in such wise hear them, read, mark, learn and inwardly digest them, that by patience and comfort of thy holy Word, we may em- brace, and ever hold fast, the blessed hope of everlasting life, which thou has given us in our Saviour Jesus Christ. Amen. 89 /^ GOD, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake ^^ in times past unto the fathers by the prophets, and hath in these last days spoken unto us by thy Son; Grant that the ministers and stewards of thy mysteries may so dihgently read and teach out of thy holy Word, and that the People may give such earnest heed unto the same, that the comfortable Gospel of Christ may be truly preached, truly received, and truly followed, in all places, to the breaking down the king- dom of sin, Satan, and death, and the hastening thy king- dom of righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost; till at length the whole of thy dispersed sheep, being gathered into one fold, shall become partakers of everlasting life; through the merits and death of Jesus Christ our Saviour. Amen. A LMIGHTY and everliving God, we yield unto thee most ■^ ^ high praise and hearty thanks, for the wonderful grace and virtue declared in thy saints, the fathers, doctors, con- fessors and martyrs of thy Church in England and in Ameri- ca, who have given unto us thy holy Word in a language understanded of the People, together with a rich heritage of civil and religious freedom, and the blessings of Apostolic faith, order, fellowship and worship. And we pray that thou wouldst vouchsafe to give us grace so to follow the example of their stedfastness in thy faith, even unto death, and of their obedience to thy holy commandments, that at the day of the general Resurrection, we, together with them, may obtain a good report through faith, receive thy heavenly promises, and enter upon our perfect consummation and bliss in thy king- dom, eternal in the heavens. Grant this, O Father, for Jesus Christ's sake, our only Mediator and Advocate. Amen. THE grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Ghost, be with us all evermore. Amen. ^Here shall be sung Hymn ig6. ^Then Justice Bremer will give his address and the open air service will continue as appointed. Ci)e DfKce for ti)e Cuming of tU JFitst ^oD ^t OBattftolometo's etJe, a. s. 1907 UTA? Clergy and People being assembled at the place appointed, and all standing, the Minister shall begin the service, saying, T N the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. ]iThen shall the Minister say, /"^OOD People, we are gathered together in the Name and ^^ Presence of Almighty God to continue our new sowing for the Master and for man. We have come to turn the first sod for Washington Cathedral. Wherefore I beseech you to call upon God our Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, that he would grant that this sacred enterprise may prove a distinct and positive gain to citizenship, to country and to civilization ; and that he would bestow upon it, of his gracious mercy, the highest influence and the widest usefulness, both in the imme- diate present and in all the years to come. ^Then shall be said the Apostles' Creed by the Minister and the People, all standing. T BELIEVE in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth: And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord: Who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, Born of the Virgin Mary: Suffered under Pontius Pilate, Was crucified, dead, and buried: He descended into hell; The third day he rose again from the dead : He ascended into heaven. And sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty : From thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead. 92 I believe in the Holy Ghost: The holy Catholic Church; The Communion of Saints: The Forgiveness of sins: The Resurrection of the body : And the Life everlasting. Amen. ^And after that, these Prayers following, all standing; the Minister first pronouncing, The Lord be with you. Answer. And with thy spirit. Minister. Let us pray. /^UR Father, who art in heaven, Hallowed be thy Name. ^^ Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on earth, As it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, As we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation; But deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen. /^ LORD, without whom our labour is but lost, and with ^-^ whom thy little ones go forth as the mighty ; be present to bless all works in thy Church which are undertaken accord- ing to thy will, and especially that to which we set out hands this day, granting to us, thy labourers, a pure intention, patient faith, sufficient success upon earth, and the bliss of serving thee in heaven; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. TT 7" E beseech thee, O Lord, pour thy grace into our hearts ; " ' that as we have known the incarnation of thy Son Jesus Christ by the message of an Angel, so by his cross and passion we may be brought unto the glory of his resurrection ; through the same Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. /^ ALMIGHTY and everlasting God, who didst give to thine ^^ Apostle Bartholomew grace truly to believe and to preach thy Word; Grant, we beseech thee, unto thy Church, 93 to love that Word which he believed, and both to preach and receive the same : through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. Minister. Our help is in the name of the Lord. Answer. Who hath made heaven and earth. Minister. O Lord hear our prayer. Answer. And let our cry come unto thee. Minister. Let us pray. /~^ RANT, O Lord, that the founders and benefactors of this ^-^ Cathedral, together with all those who depart hence in thy faith and fear, may be rewarded with thy Saints in glory everlasting. Amen. Grant, O Lord, thy protection to all who labour in the build- ing of this Cathedral ; keep them from harm and hurt ; guard their lips, set a watch over their thoughts and deeds, and bring them to dwell in thy temple forever. Amen. Grant, O Lord, a speedy fulfillment of our prayers and en- deavours, and in our time build this Cathedral, and frame it together fit and meet for thy worship, for the perfecting of the Saints, for the work of the ministry, and for the edifying of the body of Christ, till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ. Amen. Grant, we beseech thee, blessed Lord, that thy holy Catholic Church may be filled with the spirit of truth, unity and concord, and may seek diligently to minister to all sorts and conditions of men, thy gifts of Holy Scripture and Apostolic Creed, Holy Sacrament and Apostolic Order. May thy Church, together with the states and nations of all the world, devoutly be given to all good works for thy greater glory and the good of man- kind, that the comfortable Gospel of Christ may be truly preached, truly received, and truly followed, in all places, to the breaking down the kingdom of sin, Satan, and death, and the hastening thy kingdom of righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy Ghost. And we beseech thee to inform, and teach, and guide with thine Eye, all who profess and call themselves 94 Christians, that they may learn and confess, for the health of their souls and bodies, that Jesus Christ is very God of very God and very Man of very man, and came down from heaven and was incarnate by the operation of the Holy Ghost of the substance of the Virgin Mary, his Mother, and that without spot of sin, to rnake us clean from all sin. All which we beg for the same, thy Son Jesus Christ's sake, our most bless,ed Lord and Saviour. Amen. ^Here the Architect shall turn the first sod. ^Then shall be said, all standing, Gloria in excelsis. /''^LORY be to God on high, and on earth peace good will ^^ towards men. We praise thee, we bless thee, we wor- ship thee, we glorify thee, we giv,e thanks to thee for thy great glory, O Lord God, heavenly King, God the Father Almighty. O Lord, the only-begotten Son, Jesus Christ; O Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father, that takest away the sins of the world, have m,ercy upon us. Thou that takest away the sins of the world, have mercy upon us. Thou that takest away the sins of the world, receive our prayer. Thou that sittest at the right hand of God the Father, have mercy upon us. For thou only art holy ; thou only art the Lord ; thou only, O Christ, with the Holy Ghost, art most high in the glory of God the Father. Amen. ^Then shall the Minister and People say this prayer, the Minister first pronouncing. Let us pray. ALMIGHTY God, who feedest thy flock, and callest thine own by name, mercifully keep this whole diocese, and lead each parish in the way, that we may be cleansed from all our sins and serve thee with a quiet mind. Hallow and bless to us the sacraments and services of thy Church. Inspire our clergy to show forth thy truth by their preaching and living, and daily to minister according to thy will. Bless the rulers 95 of this land. Send forth labourers into thy harv,est, and hasten the coming of thy kingdom in all the world. Make thy cathedral in this diocese a house of prayer for all people, and in each neighborhood make the parish church a spiritual home. Keep our communicants in singleness of heart, from unbelief and worldliness, giving them grace, both in their homes and callings, faithfully to confess thy holy Name. May all our children be taught of thee. Draw to the cross those who are impenitent and hardened in sin. And, we beseech thee, heal the sick, comfort the sorrowing, relieve the distressed. In all our work for thee may thy Holy Spirit direct and rule our hearts. Move thy people to give as thou hast given to them. Fill the workers with the spirit of power, of love, and of a sound mind ; and while we plant and water, do thou give the continual increase; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. ^Then shall the Minister let them depart with this blessing, 'T^HE God of peace, who brought again from the dead our -'- Lord Jesus Christ, the great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant ; Make you per- fect in .every good work to do his will, working in you that which is well pleasing in his sight; through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. •WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL THE BETHLEHEM CHAPEL OF THE NATIVITY SCALE or rttT A brief description of the foundation stone service was ap- pended to the service book to aid the devotion of the wor- shippers, and is printed in this book with the service. But a fuller description and explanation is here given for permanent record. Cfje jfounDation ^tone ^ettoice The processional is the Hora Novissima, the great Latin hymn of St. Bernard, the monk of Cluny (a. d. 1145), in the translation of Rev. Dr. J. M. Neale, and familiar as hymns 405, 406, 407, 408 in our present Church Hymnal. The tune, as always on the Cathedral grounds, is that of A. Ewing, usually sung to the third part of the Hora Novissima, begin- ning "Jerusalem the golden." This hymn was used for the great procession on this, as on several previous occasions at Mount Saint Alban, the first being the laying of the comer- stone of the girls' school, because, beginning with the sorrow and evil of our brief life here as a present reality, it leads us on to visions of the true beauty and sweet cure of all distress that is ofifered the Christian in the heavenly Jerusalem, the guerdon and bourne of earthly toil, to which the Cathedral, God's temple made with hands, is a gateway. The opening versicles, selected from Scripture and the Prayer Book, are those usually appointed for the laying of foundation stones, and like occasions, and invoke God's help in the undertaking and in the service. The Exhortation is moulded in the words of President Mc- Kinle)^s brief but finely expressed word of salutation at the raising of the Peace Cross, and was first used a few months after that service at the laying of the cornerstone of the school for girls, and often since then in practically this same 98 Rationale form. It is true that it is in the terms and spirit of present day English, while the rest of the service is in the language of the Authorized Version and the Prayer Book. But the Prayer Book has always given hospitality to new forms if good in themselves. For instance, all the Exhortations were in- troduced at the Reformation, and their style of English differs much from that of the ancient collects and prayers. Again, the collect for the Sixth Sunday after Epiphany is the work of Bishop Cosin, of Durham, and came in as late as a. d. 1662. And the collect for the Transfiguration in the American Liturgy is by the Rev. Dr. Wm. R. Huntington, and came in in a. d. 1892. So there is abundant precedent for the introduction of fresh forms when occasion so requires. Rev. Wm. Bright, D. D., Canon of Christ Church, Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History in the University of Ox- ford, is the author of the beautiful collect, "for all who do the work of the Church," printed after the Lord's Prayer. It was used here first at the laying of the corner stone of the girls' school, Ascension Day, May 11, a. d. 1899, and often since then. It will be found in the appendix to Canon Bright's "Ancient Collects." Sursum Corda is the theme of the versicles following this collect, as it will be the key note of the whole Cathedral, and carven in stone on scrolls borne by angels upon the "Soffit" of the Chancel arch. The versicles are compiled from the Bible and Prayer Book, and were first used in this combination at the girls' school cornerstone service, which set the norm for so many of our special Cathedral services. The hymn, "All hail the power of Jesus' Name," by E. Per- ronet (a. d. 1779) to that old and favorite tune, "Corona- tion," by O. Holden, was selected because of its emphasis on the honor due the incarnate Son of God, risen, ascended, and crowned Lord of all, and because of its high note of praise, and its popular character. From this point the service ascends rapidly to its climax in witnessing to the incarnation and Virgin birth of the Son of I A "^ God, at the laying of the foundation of the crypt chapel of the Holy Nativity. The Lesson is naturally and fitly St. John's Prologue of meditation and declaration upon the great fact of the Word made flesh (St. John, 1.1-15). The Canticle, with like fitness, is the Te Deum laudamus, with its supreme notes of praise and faith, immediately followed by that full declaration of the Godhead and human nature of Jesus Christ, the Creed of Nicsea. Then come the supplications, specially composed for the Cathedral, and in place and form like to those in the Prayer Book offices for Holy Baptism and for the Con- secration of Churches, linked together by a common and am- plified "address" at the beginning, and by a common "media- tion" at the end. Hitherto there had been but four supplications at our Cathe- dral dedications and like services, but on this occasion, to mark its extraordinary character, and to give space for inter- cessions for all the many persons and causes in mind and heart at such a time, the number was increased to eight. The first invokes God to accept the stone ; the second asks His blessing for the founders and benefactors living and in Paradise; the third His protection for the workmen; the fourth the inspira- tion and cleansing of His Holy Spirit for all worshippers com- ing to the Cathedral. The speedy completion of this house of God, and its fitness for its office in the Church, in the terms of Ephesians 4. 12, 13, is the theme of the fifth supplication, and the sixth intercedes for the bishop, clergy and people of the Diocese (cf. Acts 2. 46). Intercession for those who do Christ's work in Church and St^te; at home and abroad, marks the seventh supplication. i„I|ito tjiis/as int&.the fifth, are woven the thought and wprdSV.or^phesiaiis 4, the portion of Scrip- ture used at Mount J§afnt Alban at the PeacC p'ross service, and often afterwards, and, setting forth the gri>vjAds of our unity and peace in Jesus Christ J";, The, fin^L s^upplication is for the unity, steadfast ' faith -and.'spfrkaahefficijency of the Church, and incorporates'into itself phrases from thg Bo6k of Common Prayer, from the Pckyer for Christ's .Ghiiirch Militant, the loo Rationale Prayer for use at Meetings of Convention, and the Proper Prefaqe for Christmas Day. This brings us to the versicles, specially selected from Holy Writ for this occasion. The first four are from i. St. Peter 2. 6, 7 (cf. Is. 28. 16, and Ps. 118. 22). The fifth and sixth are from Genesis 28. 17, Jacob's vision of heaven at Bethel, "the house of God." The seventh versicle is from Isaiah 56. 7 (cf. St. Matt. 21. 13), and its response from Malachi i. 11. The last pair of versicles are of course the angels' song at the Holy Nativity (cf. St. Luke 2. 14), and like the Gloria Patri and the Hosanna crowning the other sets of versicles in this service, give it a high note of prevailing praise. Bishop Phillips Brooks' famous hymn, "O little town of Bethlehem" (a. d. 1880), to the tune written for it by Louis H. Redner, is ajppointed because of its witness to the incarna- tion, because of its appropriateness to the laying of a founda- tion stone which is to be a part of a chapel of the Holy Nativity, and because of its noting that God's great gifts are silently, quietly given. The choice of the passages of Scripture for silent medita- tion during the laying of the stone is sufficiently explained by the rubric preceding them. The passage from St. Ignatius, Bishop of Antioch, was a very felicitous find of the Bishop's, and is not only a witness from an Apostolic father to the Vir- gin birth, but also strikes the same note as to God's silent working as Bishop Brooks' hymn. The declaration of dedication .explains itself; it may be noted, however, that in the«enriee.the Bishop added the word "spiritual" in the thifii payag3raj&/ .before the word "trust," and again before ' th,e . jvo'rds ''part'/a^jj wnership," thereby obviating any Jegsl .complications in"*tKe'. future in case any should claim aiiyV.civil rights in the Vdjninistration of the trust. • *■ • - .'• /. .': .": : : The Gloria'.in exc'elsys}: snrig:to''i'Qld-Cha.nt;" and the offer- tory sentence? answer for themselves. ','Ca.rdinal Newman is the author of the-hymn, "Praise to the' honest in the height"; M tije Serbfces loi it will be found in "The Dream of Gerontius," and its assigned date is a. d. 1868. The time, "Gerontius," was specially composed for the hymn by that master of Church music. Rev. Dr. J. B, Dykes. The next hymn, "The Church's one founda- tion," written in the same year by Samuel John Stone, and sung as always to S. S. Wesley's,ever popular tune, "Aurelia," carries over the idea of the blessings bestowed on man in the incarnation, stressed in "Praise to the Holiest in the height," into the Church, by which Christ's gifts are conveyed and min- istered to mankind in all lands and ages. The old long meter Doxology (of course sung to "Old Hundredth") in exultant praise thanks God for His blessings and gifts at the presenta- tion of the alms, the outward and visible tokens of our inward and spiritual gratitude and devotion. Of the five collects before the Benediction, the first is the Prayer Book collect for the Feast of St. Michael and All An- gels. The second commemorates Saint Peter and Saint Paul, under whose name and title Washington Cathedral is dedi- cated. It is here in the form expanded by Bishop Cosin (a. d. 1662), to include St. Paul as well as St. Peter, according to ancient custom remembered together because traditionally mar- tyred on the same day. The third collect, that for the feast of the Annunciation, unites the benefits of our Lord's incar- nation, crucifixion, and resurrection, and the fourth carries us on to the ascension of Him who was made a little lower than the angels for the suffering of death, and is now crowned with glory and honor that by the grace of God His death may avail for the salvation of all mankind. The final collect is that for Trinity Sunday, and places a fitting crown upon this service for the laying the foundation stone of a Cathedral builded to the glory of the ever blessed Trinity, and as a wit- ness to the incarnate Son of God. The first recessional hymn, "Lord of our life, and God of our salvation," Philip Pusey's translation of Lowenstern (a. d. 1840), to Sir Joseph Barnby's noble tune, is a litany for the peace of the Church. Alexander Pope's "Messiah" (a. d. I02 Rationale 1 712) is the source of the second recessional, "Rise, crowned with Hght, imperial Salem, rise!" which embodies a vision of the upbuilding of Messiah's Kingdom, the Church, which the poet pictures in the imagery of the temple in the heavenly- Jerusalem. Mrs. M. A. Thompson wrote the final hymn, "O Sion haste, thy mission high fulfilling," as recently as A. d. 1 89 1, and it is the most popular of the missionary hymns at the present time. It is selected because of its powerful appeal to the Church to fulfill her evangelizing mission, and also, in choosing it, it was not forgotten that it was a special favorite with Rev. Churchill Satterlee, and consequently with all near and dear to him, who have done so much, with the Bishop leading, to transform the dream of a Cathedral at Washington into a reality. This hymn (sung to J. Walch's tune) and Phillips Brooks' hymn, were specially mentioned after the service by the Bishop of London, and his Chaplain, for their power and devotion, both in word and tune. They said they would have to secure their use in the Church of England. It will be noted that the hymns selected (including the after- noon list) belong to almost all the great schools and periods of Christian hymnody, and together with the canticles and col- lects, are representative of the whole long story of Christian devotion manifesting itself in prayer and praise. The service is that set forth by authority from the first insti- tution of the people's open-air evensong at Mount Saint Alban, and is a shortened and popularized variation of the Prayer Book service for Evening Prayer. The Doxology is sung before the Psalter, there is but one lesson, and a hymn is sub- stituted for a canticle. The hymns, selection of sentences, psalm, lesson, collects, noted elsewhere in this volume, all explain themselves and at once show the ground of their choice for this occasion to all familiar with our Prayer Book and Hymnal and our Church customs and ways. fl>f ti)e ©ettjf ces 103 Ci)e amlion DeDication ^etUice The Bishop of London at the close of his address at the Brotherhood Service dedicated the ambon given by Archbishop Davidson, and made of stones from Canterbury Cathedral, using the form printed in this volume. This was compiled by Canon De Vries, and set forth by the Bishop of Washington. The first of the collects and prayers, written for the purpose, is the dedicatory collect ; the second is the Prayer Book collect for the Second Sunday in Advent. The third is for those who read and teach the Bible today, and for those that hear. Thanksgiving for the good examples of the translators, inter- preters, teachers and preachers of God's holy Word in the English language, is the theme of the fourth, which like the third, was specially written for this service. ®Ij^ Khhxt^^tB Ci)e &ttetins o( tht PtesiOent o( tbe OniteD States Bishop Satterlee, and you, my friends and fellow country- men, and you, our guests : I have but one word of greeting to you today and to wish you God-speed in the work begun this noon. The salutation is to be delivered by our guest, the Bishop of London, who has a right to speak to us because he has shown in his life that he treats high office as high office should alone be treated, either in Church or State, and above all, in a democracy such as ours — simply as giving a chance to render service. If office is accepted by any man for its own sake and because of the honor it is felt to confer, he accepts it to his own harm and to the infinite harm of those whom he ought to serve. Its sole value comes in the State, but above all its sole value comes in the Church, if it is seized by the man who holds it as giving the chance to do yet more useful work for the people whom he serves. I greet you here. Bishop Ingram, because you have used your office in the aid of man- kind ; and because while you have served all, you have realized that the greatest need of service was for those to whom least has been given in this world. I believe so implicitly in the good that will be done by and through this Cathedral, Bishop Satterlee, because I know that you and those with you, the people of your Church, the people of your kindred Churches, to one of which I belong, are grow- ing more and more to realize that they must show by their lives how well they appreciate the truth of the text that they shall be judged by their fruits. More and more we have grown to realize that the worth of the professions of the men of any creed must largely be determined by the conduct of the men making those professions ; that conduct is the touch- stone by which we must test their character and their services. io8 Cfte aoDtessesi While there is much that is evil in the times, I want to call your attention to the fact that it was a good many centuries ago that the Latin hymn was composed, which said that the world is very evil and that the times were growing late. The times are evil ; that is, there is much that is evil in them. It would be to our shame and discredit if we failed to recognize that evil ; if we wrapped ourselves in the mantle of a foolish optimism and failed to war with heart and strength against the evil. It would be equally to our discredit if we sank back in sullen pessimism and declined to strive for good because we feared the strength of evil. There is much evil ; there is much good, too ; and one of the good things is that more and more we must realize that there is such a thing as a real. Christian fellowship among men of different creeds, and that the real field for rivalry among and between the creeds comes in the rivalry of the endeavor to see which can render best service to man- kind, which can do the work of the Lord best by doing His work for the people best. I thank you for giving me a chance to say this word of greeting today. Clje Salutation o( tlje 'Bf0|)op of LonDon Mr. President, fellow bishops, and brethren of the clergy and of the laity : I must first, on behalf of this vast assembly, thank the President of the United States, in the midst of all his multifarious duties, for being present with us today and giving us those burning words of .encouragement and inspira- tion. And may I, on behalf of myself and of the visitors here today, thank you, Mr. President, for those words of en- couragement which you spoke to me which will send me back across the sea inspired for my work ? But I come to deliver a salutation from across the seas to you, our brethren, here on this great day. I think one of the historic scenes that I remember best was when Archbishop Benson came down at a time of great trouble in Wales and he 'Bisljop angram's Salutation 109 said these words : "I come from the steps of St. Augustine, to tell you that by the benediction of God we will not stand by and see you disinherited." I can not say that I come from the steps of St. Augustine today— you had here a few years ago the successor of St. Augustine himself— but I do bring you here, with all the love from the old country, a present from the shrine of St. Augustine which will be part of your cathe- dral when it is fully complete. I come as the successor of St. Augustine's companion, Mellitus, to bring you from the old diocese of London, of which one day you were a part, a real message of love and God-speed today. Now, it may be asked, why do we, who have to battle so much with all the present evil and wrong, why is it that we value so much these historical links ? Why should a bishop of London at a time like this cross the sea ? For three reasons : First, because ours is an historical religion. Our religion con- sists in the belief that at a certain time, at a certain place, at a little spot on this world's surface, the Son of God came down from Heaven to us. That is the Christian religion. It is belief, not in a good man named Jesus Christ doing any- thing, but in the sacrifice and manifestation of God Himself. And if that happened, if that is an historical fact, then we must value, you must value, every link that historically binds you to that great historical fact on which all our faith stands, and you can not afford in America, you do not want to afford, to break that golden chain. That glorious Atlantic cable which binds you to Palestine lay for more than a thousand years across the British Isles, and we in those British Isles had the honor of being the means by which that golden chain was brought to you. And if that is true of the Christian religion, I thank God we are, as the President says, united in the unity of the faith — every Christian denomination — far more than the world believes. If that is true of Christianity as a religion, it is especially true — and it gives my second reason for being here — of the great Anglican Communion. We of the Anglican Communion 112 CfteaoDtesgcs the third thing that we love, not only personal freedom, not only the historical ministry, but also an open Bible — "The Church to teach and the Bible to prove" is the motto of the Anglican Communion. There is no saying which rings in my ears more constantly, than that uttered by one of our greatest Bishops, "No Church will hold the future in its hand that has not the historical traditions in the one hand and the open Bible in the other." Therefore, in the name of the Church of England, dear Bishop, I offer you the pulpit today. But now I come to what, after all, is the center and the core of the service, and that is the St. Andrew's Brotherhood, which has inaugurated and suggested this grand and popular service. There is not the same contrast betwen the two ser- vices that would appear at first sight. If the service this morning was to hand on the historical traditions from one Church to another, so the service this afternoon is to hand on the old spirit by which alone this world can be converted, and that is the spirit of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew. When we heard the lesson read to us so clearly by our dear brother Bishop, the Bishop of St. Albans, who comes to you with me from England, I could not help thinking it was, of course, quite the most appropriate lesson we could have had this after- noon, because, as the President reminded us this morning, it is not enough to have historic tradition — we must have the old spirit of Christianity if the Church is to live and work with power. And after two thousand years there is no other known way of converting the world to Christ except by a body of con- verted men and women who are first converted themselves and then go out and convert the world. People are not con- verted in masses. They are converted one by one. Therefore, this grand Brotherhood of St. Andrew has done a great work for the Church in all parts of the world by bringing us back to the one great secret that Andrew must find Simon. One by one, one by one, a man must bring his brothers to the feet of Jesus Christ, and there is no other known way of doing it in the whole world. Oman's mesponsififUtp fot 9ian 113 Therefore, before I speak this afternoon of four pictures which I will put before you as suggestions as to the develop- ment of the work of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, I want first to say to the Brotherhood itself, God bless your work, dear brothers; go on with it; never be disappointed in it. A man is judged by what he does, by his conduct toward his equals. It is far harder to force yourself to speak to the clerk who works by you and the man in the same shop than it is to do some of the work which is a development of St. Andrew's Brotherhood which I shall put before you this afternoon. Do not imagine that in trying for this great multitude to catch your spirit and translate it for the others I mean to say one word in depreciation of your own great work. How, then, can we of the Church at large, represented by this great multitude, catch the spirit of St. An- drew's Brotherhood and show that we believe in man's respon- sibility for inan, which is the subject for this afternoon? The first picture which I want to put before you — and my message will be in four pictures — the first picture is a picture well known to your own Bishop, of some thirty young men at a settlement in the middle of East London. What are those thirty young men doing ? They come from Oxford, they come from Cambridge, and what brings them down there in the middle of East London ? That is the first picture. Man's responsibility for man. Up to that moment, until the bitter cry of outcast London had pierced to the hearts of the better classes of England, man's responsibility for man had not been understood as the university man's responsibility for the poor man in East London. Therefore, the first picture is a picture which I should like to be taken home by the whole of the universities of America, and that is of those university men, those cultured young men, living and working in those places for the poor of our great cities. I hope before I leave America to visit, in a week or two, the slums of New York, and I think I shall find when I go there that they need quite as much as any slums in East London a loving and united effort of the univer- 114 C|)e ao Dresses sities and the public schools, girls' schools as well as boys' schools, a great and united effort of the cultured and the leisure classes, and the rich, to show man's responsibility to man among the poor. That is my first picture^ Then I come to my second picture. It is a picture of one of our great prisons, crowded with men and boys, and especially with young men of some seventeen or eighteen years whom it is the most touching thing to see in prison at all. What do we see in that prison? Do we see them left to themselves? I see young men of culture and position who are going from cell to cell in that prison, visiting every cell by the leave of the authorities, getting to know and to make friends with the in- mates of the cells, taking note of what their lives have been, how they can help them, how they can stand by them when they come out. This is the newest and most successful devel- opment in England of man's responsibility for man. Never shall I forget an afternoon I spent in one of our great prisons. I first preached to an immense congregation of the prisoners banked up in front of me as you are banked up there. I then went round the cells and many a young fellow said to me, "Oh, Bishop, I have no chance when I get out; I can not earn my living; I simply go back again among my old friends, to live the old life again." We have determined that man's responsi- bility for man extends to the prisoner as well as to the poor, and this beautiful experiment, already so successfully worked by the leave of the authorities — a chosen and picked body of young men are in touch with the prisoners of England — will lead, I believe, to thousands of them getting fresh chances in the future and starting a new life altogether, and I commend that as another message from the old country to our brothers across the sea. Why should not your prisons in America have the same humanizing, Christian and purifying element in them? That brings me thirdly to ask, why is that young man in prison at all ? In order to answer the question I will ask you to come with me and look at another picture. I will ask you Oman's Jaesponsififlitp fot Qian us to come around with me, around one of the slums of my great city. I will take you as I have taken brothers before, into a little, tiny room, where one family has to eat and sleep. There is a poor woman making match boxes in that room. She gets twopence and a farthing a gross for them. Her poor boys, her children, have no chance to go out into the streets for their play except to 'be lured into some drinking and gambling hell for want of a place for amusement, and it is in those circum- stances and it is in those environments our criminals are made. Man's responsibility for man. Do you think we can stop at the St. Andrew's Brotherhood? Do you think we can stop at university gentlemen's work? Do you think we can stop at visiting the prison? You have got to find out why he is a prisoner at all. There is nothing more hypocritical than for a man or woman during Sunday to be rescuing or helping a prisoner and to be damning him into the prison during the week; and, therefore, if man's responsibility for man means anything it means that every man of business and every head of every great household and every person with influence over others must be asking, "Are you giving in your business and in your work an adequate and a fair chance to those who work under you ?" Every man who comes into the word has not a right to ask for equality, but he has a right to ask for equality of opportunity and we Christian people do not have the Chris- tian religion if we are not trying Monday, Tuesday, Wednes- day, and the rest of the week to give equality of opportunity to every child of God that lives in this world. Therefore, I put before you that picture from the slums as the third picture which will impress upon us man's responsibility for man. My last picture is a far more beautiful sight. I go round in England very constantly, not only to the universities, but also to the great public schools of England, and I know no more beautiful sight than the look of grave responsibility on the faces of the young boys who form the monitors or prefects of our great public schools. We have a plan, inherited from ii6 Cl)e addresses Dr. Arnold of Rugby, by which we trust the elder boys of a school very largely to manage the school itself, and nothing, to my mind, is more beautiful than to watch that grave and serious responsibility upon those young faces for the boys in the school younger than themselves. Now, the Brotherhood of St. Andrew has undertaken as its latest development, a very difficult — in some ways a dangerous, but, on the other hand, a most splendid — work, and that is to develop among the boys of America that responsibility of boys for boys as they show the responsibility of man for man. Now, I believe there is a great future for that movement if it is left as much as possible to the boys themselves. What you have to stir up, my broth- ers, is the sense of responsibility in the boys and let them man- age their development largely themselves. Let there be among the elder boys of America just a grave, serious. Christlike re- sponsibility for the younger boys over whom they have influ- ence and control. So, I leave my four pictures with you. Those four pictures represent what seem to me the most pressing and telling illus- trations of man's responsibility for man. They seem to me four different avenues in which this great multitude may catch the spirit of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, and show it to the world. Go forth, great Church, great nation, to your splendid work, and when the great Cathedral crowns the hill, as one day surely it will, may the souls of this great nation be crowned and conquered by St. Andrew's cross. Ci)e l5isl)op o( tOasi)ln0ton's Acceptance of tbt 3m6on On behalf of the Chapter of Washington Cathedral I receive and accept with gratitude at your hands this most interesting and historic gift of the Archbishop of Canterbury: At your hands, I say, for, as it was said this morning, you are your- self brought into the very history of our own Diocese. As elan's Bespottsifiilitp fot Q^an n? Bishop of Washington I look back ten years and remember, and the clergy and laity remember with me, that we belonged to the Diocese of Maryland, and we go back one hundred years more and we remember that the then District of Colum- bia, as far as the Episcopal Church was concerned, belonged to the Dioceses of Virginia and of Maryland. When we go back to the history of our Church in colonial days we find that Vir- ginia and Maryland were under the Bishop of London. Re- ceiving this gift with its lessons of the open Bible, I know that I speak on behalf of all who are present h,ere today when I say that the first gospel sermon preached in spirit from this ambon, has been preached by the Bishop of London himself, and I ask if he will bless the ambon with his prayers? [Here the Bishop of London dedicated the Ambon after the form printed in this volume.] ao Dress ot 3fustice IBtetoet In the story of Cain and Abel is presented both the affirma- tion of man's responsibility for man and his denial thereof. The Almighty's question to Cain, Where is thy brother ? asserts it. The sneering reply. Am I my brother's keeper ? repudiates it. Yet the recognition of such responsibility largely distin- guishes man from brute. With the latter there is no real recognition of any mutual responsibility. Even the maternal care for her offspring is but an animal instinct, which ter- minates at the maturity of the offspring. True, many animals move in large herds or flocks for the sake of protec- tion, but when one of them is injured it is abandoned to its fate because no longer able to aid in protection. No thought of responsibility or obligation exists. There is only a unity of action for a single purpose. On the other hand, although the selfishness of man is con- tinually repudiating all obligation to his fellows, no one can escape from the conviction that he is under such obligation. The still, small, voice asserts it, and that voice, though for a ii8 Cbe aD Dresses moment lost in the roar of passion and the din of selfishness, can never be wholly silenced. It is something that goes beyond the parental feeling, is not limited by age or other condition of life, but in its fullest development includes all men at all times. In the advance of the ages it has grown with man's moral growth, and the more perfect the civilization the clearer and fuller the recognition of that responsibility. It lies at the foundation of our charities. It is the basis upon which society, and even government, rests, and in the evolution of the higher qualities of our nature it becomes as far reaching as the sweep of the world. Naturally, at first it is potential only as respects the family, then the tribe, race and nation, but finally it compasses all mankind. Humani nihil alienum. Doubtless it is often colored by selfishness or self-interest. The man in devotion to his family thinks of it as "my family," the few persons towards whom he has the feeling of proprietorship. He will fight to protect his wife because she is his wife, while he may make little effort in behalf of another woman, because in her he has no proprietorship. The Good Samaritan illustrates an advance. The injured man was not of his family, race or nation, but he was a human being in need, and that need called into action the sense of responsibility. Who does not love the Good Samaritan? Theological creeds and denominational differ- ences are losing their hold but the Golden Rule and the Good Samaritan, pressing upon the heart with more and more force, have become among the highest expressions of the religious feeling of the race. The story of the dispersion at Babel also foreshadowed this distinction between the lesser and the greater sense of human obligation. Men separated into races and tribes and nations, and for centuries all outside the race or tribe or nation were beyond the reach of any thought of responsibility. They were regarded as legitimate prey in person and property. The outcome of war was the subjugation of the conquered to aian's megponsi&flftp for Q@an 119 slavery and the appropriation of their property to the uses of the conqueror. That in so doing there was an offence against humanity was not recognized. But the song of the Angels at Bethlehem, "On Earth Peace, Good Will to Men" pro- claimed the better thought. It was a new departure. It antici- pated the Hague Conference. It is no national anthem. It will be the song of humanity, when ironclads are seen only in pictures and known only in history. Doubtless in the peace movements of today there is much of the commercial spirit, the belief that the abolition of war will contribute largely to material prosperity, yet there is also a recognition of the obligation of man to man, and as the move- ment strengthens the influence of commercialism will gradually diminish and the significance of human relationships will be- come more thoroughly appreciated. Nowhere is the thought of a common humanity more fully recognized or more potential than in this country, and largely for this reason — ^every other nation is dominated by a single homogeneous race. You go to Germany and France, and while you find foreigners living there, yet the national life is German or Frank, and the resident foreigner is only a stranger within their gates. But this country was settled by many races. English, Dutch, Swedes and French were pioneers on this continent, and after the national life had become established on the basis of a government of and by and for the people the doors were thrown open and millions out of every race and tongue have become citizens, sharers with us in the common life of this nation. The dispersion which began at Babel is ending on the banks of the Hudson and the Mississippi. No nation is so thoroughly cosmopolitan, none into whose national being is flowing the lifeblood of so many different races. All are familiar with composite photography. When many faces are thrown upon a plate, one over the other, the result is a single face which discloses the most prominent features of each. This country is the great national photographer. In I20 cije aDDresse0 its borders are mingled all races and all peoples, and one mis- sion of this republic is to take these diverse elements and fuse the best and strongest characteristics of each into a homogene- ous, composite, national life. No grander work can be under- taken than the effort to accomplish such a fusing, in order that the resultant American shall be the ideal product of only the best elements of all races. The effort is continuous ; slow but certain. Marriage, the common school, common work- shop and factory, the development of political parties, and re- ligion, are mighty factors in this process of fusion. Who can fathom the deep significance of this mingling of various races ? "Through the ages one increasing purpose runs. And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns." Is it merely a fancy that in the great councils of eternity it has been purposed that on this continent and beneath the Stars and Stripes shall be fully solved the great problem of man's responsibility for man? Every lover of his country may re- joice to believe that this is one mission of the republic, and so believing may consecrate himself to the work of making it successful by striving to run into the fabric of the national life the best characteristics, the highest thoughts, of every race whose representatives are found within its domain. Again, man's responsibility for man is limited only by the extent of his being. It touches the lowest and the highest of his life. It forbids famine of the body and also famine" of the mind and soul. Doubtless the former makes the first, the easy, appeal. All take notice of physical suffering. The blind, the deaf, the dumb, are evident. The body wasting through hunger or sickness we can not if we would avoid noticing. Through the senses one incessant voice of ap- peal reaches us. The poor ye have always with you. This appeal finds its response in the magnificent reach of the charities of the present day. The asylums for the deaf, dumb, blind and insane are its witnesses. Helen Keller, brought out THE CANTERBURY AMBON elan's mesponsfailitp for e©an 121 of the darkness of an imprisoned soul into the hght of a knowl- edge of the wondrous splendors of the material universe, is, m the present overflow of her life, both a witness and an an- them of praise to the reality and extent of our responsibility one for the other. But man's responsibility for man looks beyond the material. It touches the spiritual and beholds the eternal. We may feed the hungry and clothe the naked but there is a divine something in every child of Adam which is only fully satisfied by that which is not of matter, and which can not be measured by the yardstick or weighed on the scales. Man craves knowledge. He longs to know. We behold and admire the wonderful powers of the intellect. Who has set boundaries to human thought, or can tell where knowledge must end ? Universal education is a part of our responsibility, and right royally are we responding to its demands. We in- vite all to share in its blessing, and place no limit upon the upward steps of any. The common school is open to every child in the nation, and the most ambitious student can find a place to satisfy all his longings for a wider outlook. But worst of all is the famine of the soul. When the soul shrivels, conscience disappears, purity and morality cease to be, and no hope lifts itself above the grave, then indeed does life become a failure. And the greatest of all responsibilities of man for man is that which calls upon him to take note of the spiritual life of his brother, and make the latter's environment, opportunities and hope such as wilWift to a higher life. Never in the history of the race has this responsibility been more clearly recognized or more fully met. Consider all the relig- ious work of the world, the churches and Sunday-schools, the far-reaching missionary enterprises, the many organizations like the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, aiming to reach the daily life and fill it with more of the spirit of Christ. Look beyond the millions of dollars expended to the many thousands of earth's noblest men and women busy in this work, and then tell me what in human life gives better promise for the future of the race? In this is the fullest answer to the question, Where is thy brother? 122 ci)e ao Dresses One other thought. "The White Man's Burden" sings the English poet. Rightly understood the phrase is profoundly true. To whom much is given, of him shall much be required. Yet it may be misunderstood. Responsibility rests not upon one race or one class but upon all. The motto of the labor organizations "each for all and all for each" is one never to be forgotten. While they who are in any way richly endowed owe much in consequence thereof to their fellows and their responsibility is great, yet there is no man so low in the scale of being as to be under no responsibility for others. Whatever in the way of helpfulness is within the power of any one it is his duty as well as his privilege to do and give, and only as all without exception respond to the full measure of this duty will be realized on earth the blessed truth of the Fatherhood of God and the Brotherhood of man. Do you ask reward ? Let Abou Ben Adhem answer. Abou Ben Adhem (may his tribe increase) Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace. And saw, within the moonlight in his room, Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom. An angel writing in a book of gold : Exceeding peace had made Ben Adhem bold. And to the presence in the room he said, "What writest thou?" The vision raised its head. And, with a look made of all sweet accord. Answered, "The names of those who love the Lord." "And is mine one?" said Abou. "Nay, not so," Replied the angel. Abou spoke more low. But cheerily still ; and said, "I pray thee, then, Write me as one who loves his fellowmen." The angel wrote and vanished. The next night It came again with a great wakening light, And showed the names whom love of God had blessed, And lo ! Ben Adhem's name led all the rest. ^an's KesponsitiiUtp for Q^an 123 aQDre00 of iFatljet tiSaggett It is beginning to be late for the boys, who have had a long and eventful day, and, therefore, let me leave one word with the boys who are here, and particularly the boys of the Brother- hood, so that they may feel free, if they wish, to skip the rest of my address. Let the boys remember this, and especially the older boys, that once Jesus Christ, our Saviour and God, was not only a boy ; there was a time when he was a big boy, was in company where he was bigger than the rest of the boys. He was often the biggest boy in the room, the biggest boy by the river side at bathing or at fishing; the biggest boy in the village streets, when the games ran high at night. And let every boy who is young say, "When I am a big boy, may Jesus Christ make me like Himself, when He was a big boy," and let every one who is a big boy now ask himself whether he does for the other boys, what Jesus Christ would do, shows them His example, tells them those stories, keeps before them that kind of life that Jesus Christ, our Lord, did really, day by day, during the years whfen He was a big boy and growing to be a young man, show to the other boys near Him. Or, if you want to remember this and to know how you ought to behave to a younger boy or to a boy a little less than yourself in age or strength, there is a perfectly simple rule — you remem- ber that he is your brother and you behave to him as if he were your mother's son. You need not listen to the rest of my address if you will only remember that Jesus, our Lord, was a great, strong, strapping, growing boy at one time, stronger than most of the boys that He met. You are to behave as He did, and you do it by remembering about every boy that he is your brother, and you treat him as you would wish to treat, when you come to die, your mother's son. Now, I wish to say a few words upon the same line as my Bishop about the extension of the Brotherhood to wider and 124 Cl)e aoDres0e0 wider fields of religious action and to more and more remote issues of human life. If I speak upon the same subject you must forgive me, though my voice is a poor echo of his, for this subject of social reform is a subject which occupies all the time and mind of every thinking man in England. We can think of nothing else in Christ and we can but seldom speak without thinking of this, I want, therefore, once more to go on to the point which he led you to, of thinking of those social duties towards which your Brotherhood must continually stretch out its effort and wishes, if it is to live and thrive, and there are many here who are not of the Brotherhood and to them also my words I address, and they are fit. So, first, I do not stand here to urge upon you the respon- sibility of man for man. We rejoice with you because you have accepted it, and in Christ, indeed, it is totally impossible for any thinking man to avoid the knowledge of this responsi- bility. You can no more be a Christian without helping your brother and doing, not something for him, but all you can, you can no more do this than you can find a lump of steel and heat it to red heat, and yet keep it so that it will not ignite shavings of straw or cotton, when it is plunged into an inflam- mable mass. The metal which is heated white must kindle all the fuel within reach, and the man who is in Christ, who has any love for Christ, for Christ was God and God is love, must necessarily work upon and for all the human material, all the spiritual material, within his reach. The day when you can find a real Christian who is not a real missionary is the same day as the one upon which you will find a red hot coal which will not light paper or cotton or chips. The fire must run if it is there, and it will run wherever there is fuel, that is to say, wherever there is work to do, and it will not exhaust itself by spreading any more than the fire goes out from having fuel added to it. The fire spreads from one par- cel of fuel to another and the fire becomes stronger as it spreads; and the love of God must spread from one work to another, from one development of human life to the next, and ^an's mesponsitiflitp fot 9@an 125 it grows in power as it spreads. The way to put out a fire is to confine it, and the way to put out a spiritual movement is to limit its extent. Exclusion always results in the decay of the unit selected for exclusive preservation. When a thing is alive, and you think to keep it better by keeping it alone, you know that life will go and presently the form itself will decay. You can only keep a thing whole while you shut it up on the condition that you are content that it should be a dead thing. Your work, then, is quite sure to grow from class to class, from range to range of work, and you take in interests and activities which, at the present time, seem to be separated from what is commonly called religious activity. So, let me take just three points to lead up to this conclu- sion which I tell you beforehand, that you may know what it is I wish you to come to. First, there are no passengers at all in the Church as it is designed by Christ. It is not in- tended that there should be working members and other mem- bers living on their work. As St. Paul said, "if a man will not work neither shall he eat," so also with regard to the bread of life, Christ makes no ofifer of it to us excepting on the con- ditions that we should work in His kingdom and fight in His army— there are no passengers. There is especially no parlor car and those who imagine that they are traveling towards eternity in up-to-date seats in a parlor car, shut out, not only from the toil, but also from the dust and discomfort and crowd of the journey, are simply the victims of delusion. They are sitting upon the platform of the station in a hypnotic trance, under the fallacious sugges- tion that they are getting home, and they have never so much as boarded the train. They are the victims of hypnotic sug- gestion; there is not any parlor car in the Church at all, and there are no passengers, however comfortable. The thing does not go by steam ; it has to be dragged like a coach I was once in in South Africa where the rule was that the first class passen- gers might sit if they liked, at the hill, but the second class passengers must shove behind. All of us in the Church have 126 Cije 3:d Dresses to shove behind, for there are no forces outside of ourselves. The holy Angels, you say, are outside of ourselves, but the victory of the Angels is wrought in human flesh. When St. John, in this morning's epistle, saw there was war in heaven and victory in heaven, it was because he saw in Rome sacrifices made of human flesh; it was the blood of the martyrs which won the victory of St. Michael; it was the endurance of the virgins which was the testimony of Jesus, and it was down there in that filthy, horrible suffering of blood and dirt that the heavenly victory of the bright sword of Michael was accom- plished. The Angels themselves who love us fight our battles in our midst and we must fight along with them — there are no passengers. Secondly, if we are to do our part in the work, we must do it by reason of a community of life. What makes a man an American? Does a man become an American when he ad- mires your glorious country; when he loves the very sight of an American man; when he feels as if he must come once a quarter for a fortnight's visit ? Does a man become an Ameri- can by admiring America? If that were so, there would be no other nationality left. A man is an American by community of real life, and a man is a Christian, not by admiring Jesus or by coveting His tasks and offices, or by wanting to do his work apart from Him, but is a Christian because he lives by Jesus and Jesus is in him ; his life belongs to Christ and Christ belongs to him. And this so truly that by our limbs and brains He effects His heavenly and eternal purpose on earth. The very call to special service for any particular life, the call of God to us, does not fall from heaven through the air; the call of God does not travel by wire through electricity nor pass in more delicate vibration through the ether; the call of God is along the track of nerve; it flows from the head to the member by the continuity of the nerve in the body. We know what we are to do, because we are living faithfully in the body. To be sure, then, if you desire to work for Christ, if you live in the body of Christ by the body and life of Christ, and then, lastly, if you desire to live in Christ and to work for 0[5an'iBi Eespottsffiflitp for Q^an 127 Christ, you must do all things which are good, for you can do all things through Christ that strengtheneth you. If there were some things which you could not do, there would be some things which Christ could not do, for you can do all things that He can do. And if there were some things that Christ can not do, He would not be King and Sovereign of the uni- verse ; He would not be our Lord and God Almighty. He can do all things and you can do all things which require to be done by Christ that strengtheneth you. But you must be looking forward to get out and go fur- ther ; to take hold of deeper parts of life. You now get men into the Church ; you now get men into the Brotherhood ; you now try to do good to the next man: but the life of Christ goes in ever widening circles of co-ordination. There is no Christian who can live unless he is serving his circle; there is no circle which can survive unless it is serving the State; there is no State which can endure unless it is serving the Union and, also, there is no union, however majestic in its almost unspeakable might, which can endure excepting in so far as it is serving the world, living on the past, and slaving for the future, slaving for the races far beyond the seas. There is no exclusion which does not mean death, and the man is never himself excepting as he acts. Therefore, this Brother- hood and this Church must act. It is not enough to bring men into the Church. It is not enough for the Church to desire to be strong unless it desires to be strong for that which is not the Church, and there is, indeed, no way in which the Church serves humanity excepting by joining men to herself. She is no lady bountiful to fling out alms. She can only bring them in ; but still she must bring them in from outside, and must be working for all their interests, for all their inter- ests so far as they are true. She must not be so anxious to make them churchmen as to forget that she has to make the Church useful to all men in all things, for purity, for health, for knowledge, for order, for justice, for freedom in all things in all ways. "Thyself and thy belongings are not thine own ; 128 Cfte aDDces0e0 so appear as to waste thyself upon thy virtue, they on thee. Heaven doth with us as we with torches do, not light them for themselves. Spirits are not finely touched but to fine is- sues," and it is no matter of service to them that we belong to Christ, unless, as a whole body, we are longing, like Christ, to die for the world. "For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son that whosoever believeth on Him might not perish but have everlasting life." We also have to die and Jesus can not be a dream, an idyl. He must be brought into practice day by day. He must be made to act in your spirit, He must be made to act in your every day life, in your ward. If there is tyranny in your ward you can not bear it because you belong to Christ who hates tyranny. If there is corruption in your city, in your bor- ough, you can not bear it, for Christ can not bear it and you belong to Him, and you are there to cure it by dying. When Michael with his bright sword turned the dragon out of Heaven it was because a poor girl in Rome when asked to be faithless to purity and not to say she belonged to Jesus and to burn a grain of incense to Caesar, refused. That was a stroke of Michael's sword ; that was the victory of the Lord, but it was not to be one unless she was ready to die. You know how it is with soldiers. No soldier can have the smallest success who can not take the most insignificant position ; who can not turn out half a squad of Boers from the smallest kopje in the ad- vance of the army; who is unwilling at every moment in the advance, at every stumble of his horse, to die for success in the small endeavor. Does he think of health, money, peace of mind, wife, children, or even life ? No. He can not mount and speed up the kopje unless he is willing to die. There is no movement of an army under fire which can be effective unless every man in the ranks is willing to part with all he has. There is no victory for Christ over injustice and lies and industrial tyranny and the bestiality of the horrible vice which is the foul furnace where men are burned in the fires made of innocent women ; — there is no victory in these unless Qian'si laesponsitiilitp for Qian 129 every man is prepared to die. You have a great roaring furnace in your country in New York, in Chicago, wherever you go, a great brass furnace of Mammon — nothing to do with the human passion — it has to do with the lust of gold. There is a lasting fire for silly men kept up by the priceless fuel of women's lives and if you are to do anything against it, you must strike your knuckles until they bleed, for it is there you must put your hand in the fire. I am talking from an English point of view, and perhaps you have no such horrors here, no industrial injustice, no horrible tyrannies of grief and vice, and if you have not then I invite you over to London to help my Bishop and me. Come over to help us. We have plenty to do and we want all men to come. You said just now that the blessings abound wherever Jesus reigns. You think those words are a test of what Jesus can do, but I think they are a test of whether He is there. You say : "Blessings abound where'er He reigns," and you think they are there because you sing of them. I say, can He reign where blessings do not abound? If He is here blessings abound. Hear it in those tones : "Blessings abound where'er He reigns, The prisoner leaps to burst his chains ; The weary find eternal rest. And all the sons of want are blessed." Is my Jesus here, then? Does He reign? I leave this for you as a memorandum of man's responsibility for man. & ^ *» THE BISHOP. CANONS, AND OFFICERS OF THE CHAPTER CANON MoKIM THOS. HYDE, E.'.Q., THfAiUREii CANON HARfjING BISHOP SATTERLEE CANON D( VRIES GENERAL WILSON, SccBETARV CANON BRATENAHL LAY MEMBERS OF THE CHAPTER C. C, GLOVER, Esq. GENERAL KASSON COLONEL TRUESDELL DR. GiLMAN ADMIRAL DEWEY JAS. LOWNDES, Esq. C. .J. BELL, Esq. DR. RIVES iftom tfje mstt BetietenD Daniel ^, Cuttle, b.S)., %%,m., 13mo9 of 6©issouti, presiDing ISisfiop of t|)e Cfiurcl) jtt tU CHnfteD States The Laying of the Foundation Stone of Washington Ca- thedral on the noon of St. Michael and All Angel's Day seemed to me an extremely instructive ceremony. Deep down in the yielding, though shielding, earth the stone was placed*, ^ sure symbol of the stability and strength which are to char- acterize alike the upbuilt fabric itself, and the important work for God and man centering in it and outgrowing from it. The presence of the Marine Band in help to the music, and the speech of the President, demonstrated that Church and State with us, if untied of any entangling alliances, may yet be united in worship of God and service of men. The more than three score of bishops present and the hun- dreds of clergy and the hundreds on hundreds of choristers manifested the earnest and pervasive interest of the whole American Church in the magnificent work which the Bishop of Washington has in hand to do under God's helping Provi- dence. The responsive greeting of the Lord Bishop of London to the speech of the President witnessed that living and loving sympathy with this work is not limited to our own land. The long and orderly procession, the massed multitudes attendant, the hymns and prayers and words of exhortation, and the courteous clouds themselves, retiring after a few tear drops of rain as if abashed with shame and regret that they had ever thought of interrupting such a beautiful service, made it to be a wonderful noonday ceremony indeed. Then the splendid features were duplicated in the afternoon. The faithful brothers of St. Andrew gathered in crowded 134 3mpte00fons! anD appteciatfons ranks; the State was present to stand by the Church in the address of one of her most distinguished jurists; and the Bishop of London helped again with his own rousing words and by the speech of one of the most eloquent of the preach- ers of his great city; and so the marching and the music and the voices and the hearts and the faith and hope and love of the thousands assembled made the whole day to be one of thanks and of service and of instruction never to be forgotten. jFrom ttt Qiost EeDetenD Cnos jQuttall, d.h).. Igigtjop of 3famaica, atcfifiis&op of t&e mtst SnDies Considered as a great function its organization was effective, and the carrying out of all the varied arrangements appeared to be perfect in every detail. The whole plan and substance of the service conveyed the impression of simplicity, complete- ness, dignity, and devotion. It was a great honor and privilege to share in such a service. The immense gathering in all respects befitted the occasion. Of course it consisted of people occupying various positions in the city of Washington ; but particular mention may be made of its representative character. An Englishman who is not especially interested in any American politics, but who (with millions of his countrymen) has learnt to appreciate and ad- mire such a chief citizen and such a courageous and fearless leader and ruler of the American nation as President Roose- velt, may be allowed here to express his gratification that on this memorable occasion the President was able to be present, and thus appropriately to represent the Government and the whole American people. Most of the American Bishops of our Communion were present, and several of the Missionary Bishops; and probably every State in the Union and every Diocese of the Church was represented both by Clergy and Laity. The Canadian Church was suitably represented by atc6tii0|)op jQuttall 135 visiting Bishops, Clergy and Laymen. The Mother Church of England was strongly represented. First there was the Bishop of London, whose name is dear to English Churchmen everywhere. Next there was the Bishop of St. Alban's, one of the most experienced, influential and trusted prelates of the English Church. There was Bishop Montgomery, who repre- sented the venerable Society for the Propagation of the Gos- pel which had early and long connection with the American Church; and he was also a real representative of the Mission- ary aspect of the life of the English Church in all communities. And there were Mr. G. A. King and the other laymen who came as representatives of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew in England and Scotland. By myself and Mr. G. T. Armstrong, the Jamaica layman who accompanied me, the Church's work in the West Indies was represented both in its Colonial aspects and in its relations to the colored and black people in these regions. The service and the character of the assembly may be taken as expressing the position, and forecasting the work and use- fulness, of this Cathedral in future. As an outsider it appears to me that Washington is certain to become a great center of influence and population as the Capital of the nation. Other capital cities in the union have developed chiefly on commer- cial lines and for commercial reasons; and their institutions embody and express the loyalty of the people to their State, and their pride in it. In America there appears to me to be among local residents the same affection for and pride in the particular State to which they belong as there has always been in England regarding the County. But I conjecture that the city of Washington will be more and more the gathering place of the people in their corporate capacity as a nation; and the American people of every State will take pride in the city of Washington as the Englishman from any County does in the city of London. And the Washington Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul is fitted by its associations and its position to become something more than a Diocesan Cathedral. It will 136 3mpte0Sions anD gippreciation^ probably come to be what St. Peter's, Westminster, and St. Paul's, London, conjointly are to England, a great center of national and religious influence, a gathering place not only of the members of our own religious community, but of Chris- tians of many other names joining in common efforts to pro- mote the national well-being on its spiritual side. What perhaps impressed me most of all was this : That in that great assembly and the objects for which it had met, were embodied and made manifest the fact of the potency of mental influence, and the supremacy of the spiritual over the material. In the mind of the honored head of the Diocese of Washington, Bishop Satterlee, the great purpose of the Cathedral was con- ceived, and the design and aims thereof planned. His faith, his courage, his devotion, his forethought, his practical in- fluence and energy have carried forward the idea from point to point, and from step to step, till it has taken visible shape in the selection and securing of a superb site and position; in the erection of various important building accessory to the main design and work; in his securing and adopting of plans for a magnificent Cathedral; and in the laying of the foundations thereof. May he live long enough to inspire, and stimulate, and direct the progress of this work, and to see the whole Cathedral steadily progressing towards completion, and at least the principal sections of it in daily use as a place of prayer and a center of holy teaching. ifromtfje mt. Eeb, CDtoarD 9$, patber, s).d., IBinfiop CoaD/utot of Ji3eta) !^ampgl)ire The laying of the foundation stone of the Cathedral in Washington on Saint Michael and All Angels' Day, was the first great public service in which I took part after my con- secration as a Bishop, twenty months before. I have been at services several times in New Hampshire with another bishop, and at the General Theological Seminary in New York, at its Commencement, six or seven Bishops were present, of whom 'Bi0|)op Paifeet 137 I was one. But the great function on September 29th, when I found myself near the front rank of the long succession of sixty or more Bishops, was impressive to me in a special sense, because I had never before had a share in any great service where the Church was represented as a whole. And yet, I do not think that the special impression made on me was due only to this cause. A few days later, at Rich- mond, one felt again and again the national, or the world- wide character of the great meetings connected with the Gen- eral Convention. To find one's self a unit in the House of Bishops, representing Latin America, Asia and Africa as well as the United States, or to take part as a worshipper in that marvelous service when, in the early morning, hundreds of men made their Communion when the Men's Thank Offering was put upon the altar, or to have a part in the great mission- ary services at the Auditorium, gave one much of that which one had at Washington. But yet, the services on that day had their own special significance. Nor do the addresses stand out chiefly in my mind as I think calmly over the impressions of September 29th. It was much on one day to listen to the Bishop of London and the President of the United States; to hear a Justice of the Su- preme Court address thousands of Americans in the open air, and an English monk speak to the men and boys before him ; but not one of the helpful words which one heard can be thought of as the special impression which the day made. Nor, again, was it merely the huge crowd of worshippers. As I try to tell Sunday-school children in New Hampshire something of the marvel of those great congregations, I can still feel the thrill of a familiar hymn sung by ten thousand people, or recall the exhilaration of watching the seemingly endless procession of vested men and boys as they passed up from the amphitheatre and disappeared over the brow of the hill, while we waited patiently for the time when the bishops must rise to close the procession. One can not forget the singing of "The Church's One Foun- 138 Smpressions anD apprecfation0 dation" by the huge crowd of the morning, nor one's exultation in joining in the chorus of the great missionary hymn, "O Sion, haste, thy mission high fulfiUing" ; but it was not hymns nor the measured strains of the Marine Band that impressed one most. Now, again, is it the careful organization of the day's ser- vices, the orderly management by the Cathedral staff and the Washington police force, that one thinks of. All was so well planned, and so carefully thought out, that it seemed an easy and a simple thing to have a great out-of-door service, to marshal choir boys and clergy and crowds of visitors. All went so smoothly and so well that one felt that anyone could manage a crowd of ten thousand people, and get them quietly into their places, and keep their enthusiasm and interest at fever heat, in spite of threatening showers or long times of quiet listening by standing crowds. No. Each of these things helped, and each left its own definite impression; but they all somehow combined in that which one remembers best — the impression of a great national gathering at the center of a Nation's life. The Bishop Coadju- tor of New Hampshire was not there simply as a guest, as he might be if it were only a Diocese of Washington. He, and the New Hampshire clergyman who was with him, and the New Hampshire worker at the Naval Observatory who came to see him in the morning, and the two New Hampshire dele- gates to the St. Andrew's Brotherhood Convention who came running up to greet him as he crossed the Cathedral grounds to join the procession — all had a right and a share in the Dis- trict of Columbia, with its national associations, which they could hardly have felt at any other spot. And that which was true for men of little New Hampshire, with its Revolutionary associations and its 17th century Colo- nial history, applied just as truly and really to the citizens of the most new and unformed community of the West, to the great Middle States, to the South, and the Pacific coast. Some- how we met at Washington on an equality, and I had a vision of what was to be as I passed into the space where the Cathe- Keti. mm, IR. I^untington 139 dral is to stand, and noted the stately length of the nave and the entrance to the chancel, and as I went on to the spot where the sanctuary and the altar are to stand. There was a feeling that the great and noble Cathedral which is to crown the heights of Washington, stood in a special and splendid way for the blessing brought to national life by the work of the Church of Christ; that the great crowds, each unit of them taking up the words of a familiar hymn, and the President of the country, and the long line of Bishops, and the view of the distant Capitol — all combined to bring home to one's heart and one's mind the vision of what the Cathedral at Washington will be — a splendid House of God, belonging to a diocese, but belonging, because it stands at the center of national life, as no other cathedral can belong, to the whole people ; a place where, in a special way. New Hampshire and Texas, North Carolina and Oregon, can meet with, as it were, equal rights of worship and prayer. It was a vision of throngs of Americans passing under the great western portals, of the Church's blessing on the Nation's life, the thought of all that the Church could bring from its past, of glorious architecture, and inspiration, and stately worship, of sacrament and of truth, to bless at its center the men and women who year by year come to the Na- tion's capital. jFtom tfte BetJ. mm, m. J^untington, d.d., Eector of (S5tace C|)urc|}, jQeto gorfe Of the many pleasant impressions made on my mind by the events of Michaelmas Day at Mount St. Alban, there was one which I think will outlast all others. Never before had I seen the possibility of popularizing the Episcopal Church so clearly demonstrated. Hitherto we have been able, as a communion, to make our boast of many things, but scarcely of numbers. Our fellow Christians of other names have credited us with ex- cellent qualities, and have been good enough to say that our in- fluence far outran what might be expected from our position 140 3imptei6:0foni8! anD appteclations in the census tables. I am no blind worshipper of mere nu- merosity. In fact, I rather incline to pin my faith to the "remnant." All the same, it was cheering to a believer in the national Church of the future to witness, at the national capital, so tremendous an outpouring of all sorts and conditions of men. Moreover, I am convinced that great significance attaches to the fact that it was a cathedral function which kindled such a widespread enthusiasm. Probably hundreds, if not thousands, of those who gathered at the laying of the foundation stone were non-churchgoers. It was the ecclesiastical hospitality which somehow the word "Cathedral" suggests that attracted them. In all of our large cities, there is a steadily increasing population of unattached Christians. They live, for the most part, concealed in "flats," and are exceedingly inaccessible to the shepherds of souls. I believe that the cathedrals which are springing up all over the country have a special ministry to these lost sheep, and will draw them out of their hiding places more effectively than any magnet that has yet been tried. This is the thought that I carried away with me from the Mount. jFrom Cljomas Ji3el0on Page, €sq. "3 Spiritual i^ome of tfte People^" The laying of the corner-stone of a great cathedral must be to all thinking men an occasion for serious reflection; for it must fill their hearts with a sense of the mightiness of the Universal Fatherhood of God. The most enduring and spiritual of the material monuments of men which have sur- vived the passage of time are the temples which men have erected from age to age to their God. Where other monu- ments, however vast and magnificent, have perished, these have survived, venerable even in their ruins; and often they have in their dilapidation retained the spiritual after the material has passed away. Even the pyramids of Egypt contained something of the sacredness of the temple, for Pharaoh became deified in the minds of his subjects, and the aspiration for per- Cjbomas jl3eI$on page 141 manence was allied to, if not based upon, the aspiration for Immortality. Where the civilizations alike of Egypt, of Greece and of Rome have passed away or merged into that whose foundation was the worship of the Most High God, the sacred temples which sprang from them yet tower above the Nile, the Ionian Sea and the Tiber, as though to prove that man's spirit- ual aspirations are the only lasting portion of his being. Throughout that long period when the whole civilized and uncivilized world were given over to war and rapine, in which the loftiest principles of men appeared to find an outlet only through their evil passions, well-nigh the one surviving material portion of their work which yet remains to us is that manifestation of the uplifting of the soul which we find in the great cathedrals of Europe. The castle with its keep and dungeon was the expression of man's warring forces. The cathedral and its spire or tower were the expression of man's devotion to something higher than even power and the gratification of his will. Throughout the countries settled and civilized by the Westerner, under the con- quering sign of the Cross they soar, and after the sweep of the ages yet have a spiritual significance, not only for the pres- ent, but also ifor coming time. About them stand the churches with their villages clustered around them, each church repre- senting the ministration to the spiritual needs of its immediate people, as the cathedral ministers to the needs of that larger congregation represented in the diocese and the province. The times have changed, the conditions from which these cathedrals sprang have changed ; the Church under whose dominion most of the cathedrals were erected has become divided into different branches — a division caused by men ; but the spirit which God breathed into His Universal Church has suffered no division. One and eternal it remains for ever, untouched by the passions and contentions of puny men, potent to save all who trust in Him. The secular or temporal power of the Church has been largely diminished, and must in time wholly pass away. Yet these cathedrals stand as memorials, not so much to the past greatness of the Church, as to the unity of the spiritual side of 142 3[mptes0ions anD apprecfatfong man's life, appealing to his spiritual nature, no matter what may be the form of the Christian faith which he holds, and calling to him throughout the ages to lift up his eyes to the Heavens from whence cometh his salvation. Thus, every cathedral appears to me to stand as representa- tive of the spiritual aspirations of Christendom and of all in Christendom who confess Christ — nay, of all who seek after His Truth. As towering in its structure, springing up into God's blue heavens, high above the heads of man, so in its spiritual significance, towering above their puny divisions and passions and contentions, it typifies the devout worship of the one true God, Father and Creator and Master of the Universal Church. Its very majesty and greatness, soaring aloft above all need for mere use ; its costliness ; its elaborate forms of design and decoration, so far beyond all mere temporal need, speak of the longing of men to approach the ideal of self-sacrifice and of worship. King David, prostrated for his pride, being offered the gift of the threshing-floor of Araunah, declared that he would not offer a sacrifice unto the Lord, his God, of that which cost him nothing. These great cathedrals were built by the people — founded in their willing sacrifices, they express in their greatness the greatness of their builders' devotion and piety. Thus, as I viewed last Autumn the great pageant which attended the laying of the corner-stone of the new cathedral on Mount Saint Alban, overlooking the capital of this great and growing nation, and have since that time reflected on the im- pressive ceremony which attended this act, the chief thought which has always come to me, last as first, has been that of the unity and the continuity of God's Church and the breadth of that Christianity which men, even amid their best designs, so often tend to narrow. No ceremony connected with the life of our Church has ever seemed to me more impressive or more significant. It was the beginning of the foundation at the capital of the nation of what has been well called "A Spirit- ual Home for all People." The official part was taken, as was Cl)oma0 iQelson page 143 meet, by our historic Church — historic as founded first in almost Apostolic times among the Britons ; expanded among- the in-pouring Danes and Saxons ; absorbed for a period into the Roman Branch. Protestant against error and struggling back to its former purity and independence, it reached across the seas to minister to the needs of a great People. It gave to the occasion all of the dignity and beauty and charm of its noble ritual, time-honored and sanctified by the Saints through so many ages. Represented by a large portion of its dignitaries and a great body of its earnest workers and devout members, it brought there to honor the occasion, not only its own repre- sentatives, but also the highest representatives of the people of the United States, and among the highest representatives of the people of the mother country, the Bishop of London, the worthy successor of those who were once the metropolitans of the Church in this country, and other bishops of the Church of England. Their presence and participation in the cere- monial exemplified the unity of the Church. It was an occa- sion and a scene to stir the heart and uplift the soul. High above all this outward ceremonial was the spirit of the occa- sion, the significance of the attendance of the great throng of Christian people, representing every branch of the Church in this country, who found themselves suddenly taken out of the spirit of modern life, with its storm and stress, its worldliness and commercialism, and lifted into an atmosphere in which the relation of Man to God is everything; while high above the devout throng covering the hills and filling the glades of the forest, moved majestically the clouds, now closing, now opening again to admit the bright autumnal simshine, and finally breaking away to leave the scene bathed in the beautiful light of a peaceful evening. The Unity of the Church is the dream of God's most devout children on earth. This dream may never be realized, so far, at least, as the outward manifestation is concerned ; for, while men differ and feel keenly, so will the effects of their differ- ences be manifested. But, so far as the substantial and essen- tial union of God's Church is concerned, this, I believe, is 144 :9mpte$dton0 anD ^ppteciationsi steadily coming nearer. More and more all branches of the Church must come to hold in common the essential Truth; more and more, however men may oppose it, the non-essentials will be differentiated from those things which are of the sub- stance; more and more the Church must realize that its true power lies not in things temporal but in things spiritual, that its true mission is not to gain for itself, though it gain the whole world, but to hasten the coming of God's Kingdom on earth. And in bringing forward this divine consummation every great cathedral must perform its part; for every great cathedral is the expression of man's aspiration to pay meet sacrifice to God. Every great cathedral is a spiritual home of all God's people. Whether it soar beside the Tiber, the Seine, the Loire, the Thames, the Hudson or the Potomac; whether it belong by deed or grant to Roman Church, English Church, or American Church, in the large sense and the true sense it belongs to the Universal Church, whose multitude no man may number. jFrom Micffolas jFetrar DatjfDson, (S0q«, of Cor onto, jFormetIp ptesiDent of t|)e 15tot|)et|)ooD of ^t ^nDteto in Canada I esteem it high amongst the privileges of my life that I was able to take part in such an historic occasion for our Church as the laying of the foundation stone of Washington Cathedral. The magnificent spectacle there presented brought the dignity, force and power of our Church into vivid actual view. If this object lesson was striking to one bom and brought up in close association with the Church, what must it have been to the large numbers of persons whose knowledge of the real cor- porate power of the Anglican Communion was possibly more or less hazy. As a Canadian visitor I will not soon forget the ^t 3nDtetai'0 Cross 14s wonderful situation, the ample grounds, and the large scale upon which everything was done, so typical of the great Re- public to the South of us, nor yet the presence and earnest stir- ring address of the Nation's President, all the more telling coming from one not a member of our own communion. Having participated in the great function of noontide, one's natural apprehension was lest the open air meeting of the after- noon, at which the Bishop of London was again to speak, might not seem somewhat overshadowed. That this was in no sense the case was a fact abundantly evident to everyone of the many thousands who participated in the later and just as wonderful service on the hillside in the afternoon. In the morning the dignity of the Church and of her wor- ship and her right to assert for herself a leading position in a great nation's Capital formed one's strongest impression. In the afternoon one saw exemplified the only way in which the high aspirations of the morning could be realized, namely, by that same Church showing her readiness to avail herself of every opening and opportunity, in advance of the building of stately churches, by going out literally into "the open," and preaching the gospel to the multitudes, who will always gather together to hear the word of eternal life, when the message is delivered with the earnestness and zeal which characterized the addresses of the afternoon at that great Brotherhood of St. Andrew service. jFrom ^t anDteto's Ctoss, SDmcial ©rgan of tU 151011)011)000 of ^t anOreto, i^otiembet jeumlict, a.2). 1907 Sunday was a very busy day for all the delegates. After the different Communion Services the men carefully listened to the Charge by the Archbishop of the West Indies, which outlined with great thoroughness and exactness the principles of the Brotherhood and their application. Then followed at 12 p. m. the laying of the foundation stone of the great Washing- ton Cathedral that' is to be. Few who were at this ceremony 146 Smpressfons anD appreriations returned to the city, but many thousands more were present at the Brotherhood Mass Meeting on the grounds of the Cathe- dral which began at 3.15. The attendance was estimated at from twenty to twenty-five thousand. The greatest credit and praise must be given to the Bishop of Washington, and his ad- visers and helpers, for the wonderful thoroughness with which all the details of these great meetings were so splendidly planned. In processions which included perhaps a thousand in vestments and the participation in the different services of such a vast multitude, every detail had been foreseen and arranged and provided for with the greatest care. It would be almost useless and in fact space would not permit us to at- tempt here to give any description of these meetings. The ideal amphitheatre, the platform on which sat some sixty or seventy Bishops, the inspiring music led by the United States Marine Band in vestments, and the attentive thousands, must all be imagined by the reader if he wishes to realize the scene. The photographs which we reproduce will also assist him. A St. Louis delegate expressed the feelings of many present when he described it, perhaps not with the greatest reverence, as "the greatest show he had ever seen in his life or ever hoped to see." Apart entirely from its religious significance it was an unusual and magnificent spectacle. Once again the Bishop of London spoke directly to the hearts of all who heard him. His praise of the Brotherhood was perhaps as great as has ever come from one in such high position, while his unqualified recommendation of religious work for boys by boys themselves and his direct suggestion that the preponderating part and responsibility be given to the boys, ought to convince some of the critics in the American Church that this must be the inevitable result of any one who has ever had practical experience in this kind of work with boys. We fear most of our critics have not such experience and are not therefore qualified to speak. Justice Brewer's well reasoned address was carefully listened to, while Father Waggett's impetuous and compelling eloquence won the most eager hearing from the many thousands who had still re- mained, although darkness was beginning to fall. Ham BISHOPS PRESENT BISHOPS PRESENT Cfte Cljurcl) in tfie ClniteD States Rt. Rev. Daniel Sylvester Tuttle, Missouri. Rt. Rev. William Croswell Doane, Albany. Rt. Rev. John Scarborough, New Jersey. Rt. Rev. Leigh Richmond Brewer, Montana. Rt. Rev. Cortlandt Whitehead, Pittsburg. Rt. Rev. William David Walker, Western New York. Rt. Rev. William Paret, Maryland. Rt. Rev. George Worthington, Nebraska. Rt. Rev. James Steptoe Johnston, West Texas. Rt. Rev. John Mills Kendrick, New Mexico and Arizona. Rt. Rev. Anson Rogers Graves, Laramie. Rt. Rev. Cleland Kinloch Nelson, Georgia. Rt. Rev. George Herbert Kinsolving, Texas. Rt. Rev. Lemuel Henry Wells, Spokane. Rt. Rev. William Crane Gray, Southern Florida. Rt. Rev. F. K. Brooke, Oklahoma and Indian Territory. Rt. Rev. Thomas Frank Gailor, Tennessee. Rt. Rev. William Lawrence, Massachusetts. Rt. Rev. Joseph Blount Cheshire, North Carolina. Rt. Rev. Frank Rosebrook Millspaugh, Kansas. Rt. Rev. Lewis William Burton, Lexington. Rt. Rev. Joseph Horsfall Johnson, Los Angeles. Rt. Rev. Henry Yates Satterlee, Washington, Rt. Rev. James Dow Morrison, Duluth. Rt. Rev. RoBert Atkinson Gibson, Virginia. Rt. Rev. William Neilson McVickar, Rhode Island. Rt. Rev. Samuel Cook Edsall, Minnesota. Rt. Rev. James Bowen Funsten, Boise. Rt. Rev. Joseph Marshall Francis, Indianapolis. Rt. Rev. Arthur Llewellyn Williams, Coadjutor, Nebraska. ISO iae0t0tet of 'Bishops Rt. Rev. William Loyall Gravatt, Coadjutor, West Virginia. Rt. Rev. Robert Codman, Maine. Rt. Rev. Charles Palmerston Anderson, Chicago. Rt. Rev. Cameron Mann, North Dakota. Rt. Rev. Frederick William Keator, Olympia. Rt. Rev. Charles Sanford Olmsted, Colorado. Rt. Rev. Charles Tyler Olmsted, Central New York. Rt. Rev. Sheldon Munson Griswold, Salina. Rt. Rev. Robert Strange, East Carolina. Rt. Rev. Franklin Spencer Spalding, Salt Lake. Rt. Rev. Charles Edward Woodcock, Kentucky. Rt. Rev. James Henry Darlington, Harrisburg. Rt. Rev. Edward M. Parker, Coadjutor, New Hampshire. Rt. Rev. J. N. McCormick, Coadjutor, Western Michigan. Rt. Rev. William Walter Webb, Milwaukee. Rt. Rev. Charles Scadding, Oregon. Rt. Rev. Beverley D. Tucker, Coadjutor, Southern Virginia. Cije Ci)utci) of (JEnglanD Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. A. F. Winnington-Ingram, London. Rt. Rev. Edgar Jacob, St. Albans. Rt. Rev. Heni-y H. Montgomery, Secretary of S. P. G. (Formerly Bishop of Tasmania.) Ci)e Cljurcl) in CanaDa Rt. Rev. Wm. Day Reeve, Bishop of Mackenzie River. Rt. Rev. A. Hunter Dunn, Bishop of Quebec. Rt. Rev. Wm. Lennox Mills, Bishop of Ontario. Cbe dLtmuh in tU mtst Innits Most Rev. Enos Nuttall, Archbishop of the West Indies. Rt. Rev. James H. Van Buren, Bishop of Porto Rico. WiCQisttt of 'Bi0|)ops 151 Cfte Cfiutcl) in aftica Rt. Rev. Samuel David Ferguson, Bishop of Cape Palmas. Cfje Cfjurcl) in Cfiina Rt. Rev. Frederick Rogers Graves, Bishop of Shanghai. C|)e Ctiurcl) in 3[apan Rt. Rev. John McKim, Bishop of Tokyo. Rt. Rev. Sidney CatHn Partridge, Bishop of Kyoto. Cf)c Ctjutcf) in ^eiico Rt. Rev. Henry Damorel Aves, Bishop of Mexico. C|)e Cfjutcl) in ^outb America Rt. Rev. Lucien Lee Kinsolving, Bishop of Southern Brazil. Cije Ci)urc|) in tf)e Philippines Rt. Rev. Charles H. Brent, Bishop of the Philippine Islands. In addition to these bishops, representing all parts of the world, there were many presbyters from many dioceses of our Communion, including the Archdeacons of Alaska and Pan- ama, and a presbyter from Australia. The Church in Scotland was represented by a prominent layman, Arthur Giles, Esq., of the city and diocese of Edinburgh. BISHOPS PRESENT BISHOPS PRESENT ORDER OF CEREMONIES WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL Feast of St. Michael and All Angels Sunday, September 29th, A. D. 1907 Laying of the Foundation Stone. 12 o'clock, Noon FIRST. 1. Officiating Bishops will vest in the Little Sanctuary. 2. All other Bishops will vest in St. Alban's rectory. 3. All other clergy will vest in St. Alban's Church. 4. The Cathedral Chapter will meet in the vestry room of St. Alban's. 5. The Cathedral Council will meet in the vestry room of St. Alban's. 6. The Lay Readers will vest in St. Alban's Church. 7. The Choirs will vest in the new Choir School. 8. The Marine Band will vest in the new Choir School. SECOND. A. The procession will be formed in column of fours (except the Cathedral Chapter and the Bishops who will be in column of twos) on the north side of St. Alban's Church at fifteen minutes before twelve. The Band will play Mendelssohn's "Hymn of Praise" promptly at 12 o'clock, the prayer will be said, the processional hymn will be played over by the band, then the pro- cession will move singing ; at the end of each part of the processional there will be a moment's rest, a chord will be sounded by the band, whereupon the next part will be sung, the procession moving. In case it is necessary to repeat, we will begin again with the first part. ABSOLUTE SILENCE FROM ALL CONVERSATION IS REQUESTED FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE END OF THE SERVICE. B. The order of the procession will be as follows : 1. The Boys of the choirs in column of fours. 2. The Marine Band, in column of fours. 3. The Men of the choirs, in column of fours. 4. The Lay Readers of the Diocese in column of fours. 5. Clergy of other Diofceses, in column of fours. 6. Clergy of the Diocese of Washington, in column of fours. 7. The Cathedral Council, in column of fours. 8. The Cathedral Chapter, in column of twos. 9. The Bishops, in column of twos. 10. The Officiating Bishops. 154 DrDer of Cetemonies NO ONE WILL BE PERMITTED TO JOIN THE PROCESSION AFTER THE SERVICE HAS BEGUN. When the procession reaches the platform, the boys, band, men of the choirs, and Lay Readers will proceed to their assigned places on the platform. The Clerey will halt, open ranks, two by two, facing each other, and the pro- cession will move in reverse order — all of the Bishops taking their places on the front platform — the clergy of Washington, the Council, and the Chapter of the Cathedral, the places reserved for them on the platform, and the clergy of other Dioceses, the seats reserved for them. THIRD. After the Benediction, the Band will play the Dresden Amen and the first of the Recessional Hymns, whereupon the Choirs will begin to sing — and the procession will move. At the end of first Recessional Hymn there will be a moment's rest; then the Band will play over the next hymn, whereupon the Choirs will begin to sing and proceed. If it is necessary to repeat we will begin with "O Sion Haste." When the head of the procession reaches the north door of St. Alban's Church, it will divide two by two, on each side facing each other; the procession will then move in reverse order until the Bishop of Washington reaches the doorway of the Church, when the singing will cease, the prayer will be said, the Band will play the Seven-fold Amen. The Bishops will proceed through St. Alban's Church to the rectory, the Cathedral Chapter, the Cathedral Council, the Clergy and Lay Readers into St. Alban's Church. The choirs will reform in column of fours and return in order and in silence to the Choir School. FOURTH. In case of rain the Bishops will vest in the Cathedral School for Girls and be taken in carriages to the platform; the Clergy, Choirs, and Band will vest underneath platform. The whole platform is roofed over for protection in case of rain. FIFTH. Persons arriving in the cars or on foot will enter and leave the grounds at Massachusetts Avenue, at St. Alban's gate, and at the pupils' entrance of the National Cathedral School for Girls. Persons arriving in carriages or herdics via Woodley Lane, will enter at St. Hilda's gate at the corner of Woodley Lane and Wisconsin Avenue. Private carriages will enter and leave the grounds either through the entrance on Woodley Lane or the road leading from Massachusetts Avenue, directly south of the grounds ; after the passengers are discharged all carriages will be parked under the direction of the officers of the District Police, at least two hundred feet north of St. Alban's Church. No carriages will be allowed under anv circumstances to remain south of the Church at any time during the exercises. All persons are requested to remain at the platform until after the Recessional. About fifty members of the Churchman's League have courteously a.qreed to act as ushers; they will be distinguished by badges of purple and white ribbon. SIXTH. ROUTES TO THE CATHEDRAL GROUNDS. First Route — Via Capital Traction cars to 32d Street, Georgetown, con- necting with the cars of the Georgetown and Tennallytown Road, passing the gate of the Cathedral grounds. Two fares required. SDtDer of Ceremonies 155 Second Route — Via Washington Railway and Electric Company's cars (Metropolitan line) to $24 Street, Georgetown, connecting with the George- town and Tennallytown cars. One fare required. Transfers will be given at or near junction of 32d and P Streets by the conductor. Third Route — Via Chevy Chase cars to Cathedral Avenue, connecting with herdics. A small charge will be asked by the herdic company for delivery at the grounds from this junction. It is about fifteen minutes walk to the Cathedral grounds. Fourth Route — Via herdics up Massachusetts Avenue from Dupont Circle, in connection with the F Street cars, for this there will be extra charge. SEVENTH. Carriages and motor vehicles will be parked separately, in distinct sec- tions, under the immediate supervision of the police. The parking section will be lettered, and checks bearing the section desig- nation and number of carriage, in duplicate, will be handed to the drivers of carriages and conductors of motor vehicles upon arrival on the grounds, at the time occupants leave the same. Drivers shall ask for check and assignment from the police officers de- tailed to this work. At the conclusion of the exercises attendants with megaphones will call carriages and motor drivers at distinct points in proximity to the place of parking. Open Air Service of the International Convention of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew, 3 P. M. ORDER OF CEREMONIES FIRST. 1. Officiating Bishops will vest in the Little Sanctuary. 2. All of the other Bishops will vest in St. Alban's Rectory. 3. All other Clergy will vest in St. Alban's Church. 4. The Cathedral Chapter will meet in the Vestry Room of St. Alban's. 5. The Cathedral Council will meet in the Vestry Room of St. Alban's. 6. The Lay Readers will vest in St. Alban's Church. 7. The Choirs will vest in the New Choir School. 8. The Marine Band will vest in the new Choir School. SECOND. The procession will be formed in column of fours, except the Band, which will be in column of eights, the Cathedral Chapter .and the Bishops, who will be in column of twos, on the south side of St. Alban's Church, the head of column at the Peace Cross at a quarter before three o'clock p. m. The Band will be stationed at the Peace Cross and will play Mendelssohn's "Hymn of Praise" promptly at three o'clock. The prayer will be said by the Bishop of Washington, who with the Oificiating Bishops, will stand on is6 DtDet of Ceremonies the Salem Place. The Processional hymn will be played over by the Band, then the procession will move singing. At the end of each processional hymn there will be a moment's rest; the band will play over the next hymn, where- upon the procession will move singing. In case it is necessary to repeat, we will begin again with the first processional hymn. ABSOLUTE SILENCE FROM ALL CONVERSATION IS REQUESTED OF ALL, FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE END OF THE SERVICE. All members of the Choir are specially urged to listen to and keep in time with the Band, particularly when marching. The order of the procession will be as follows : 1. The Boys of the choirs in column of fours. 2. The Marine Band in column of eights. 3. The Men of the choirs in column of fours. 4. The Lay Readers of the Diocese in column of fours. 5. The Clergy of other Dioceses in column of fours. 6. The Clergy of the Diocese of Washington in column of fours. 7. The Cathedral Council in column of fours. 8. The Cathedral Chapter in column of twos. 9. The Bishops in column of twos. 10. The Officiating Bishops. NO ONE WILL BE PERMITTED TO JOIN THE PROCESSION AFTER THE SERVICE HAS BEGUN. When the procession reaches the platform the choir boys, band, men of the choir and Lay Readers will proceed to their assigned places on the north of the main platform. The clergy will halt, open ranks two by two, facing each other, and the procession will then move in reverse order; all the Bishops will move to the South, ascend the steps and proceed to the uppermost pace of the platform, where the large cross stands, those officiating taking the seats assigned. The Clergy of Washington, the Council and the Chapter of the Cathedral, the other two speakers on the occasion, on the second and third paces of platform, the visiting clergy on the first pace. THIRD. After the Benediction the Band will play the Dresden Amen, and the first of the Recessional Hymns, whereupon the Choirs will begin to sing and the procession will move. At end of first Recessional Hymn, there will be a moment's rest, when the Band will play over the nex^ hymn; whereupon the Choirs will begin to sing and proceed. If it is necessary to repeat, we will begin with "Onward Christian Soldiers." When the head of the pro- cession reaches the south door of St. Alban's Church, it will divide two and two on each side, facing each other, the procession will then move in reverse order until the Bishop of Washington and the Officiating Bishops reach the Salem Place and Peace Cross, and the other Bishops have reached the south door of St. Alban's Church; then the singing will cease, the prayer will be said, the Band will play the Sevenfold Amen. The Officiating Bishops will proceed to the Little Sanctuary, the other Bishops to St. Alban's Rectory, DtDer of Cetemonies 157 the Cathedral Chapter, the Cathedral Council, the Clergy and Lay Readers into St. Alban's Church. The choirs will reform in column of fours and return in order and in silence to the Choir School. FOURTH. In case of rain this service will be held in Convention Hall, corner of STH AND K Streets, Northwest, where vesting places will be prepared and a special order of ceremonies will be issued. FIFTH. Persons arriving in the cars or on foot will enter and leave the grounds at Massachusetts Avenue, at St. Alban's Gate, and at the pupils' entrance of the National Cathedral School for Girls. Persons arriving in carriages or herdics via Woodley Lane, will enter at St. Hilda's Gate at the corner of Woodley Lane and Wisconsin Avenue. Private carriages will enter and leave the grounds either through the entrance on Woodley Lane or the road leading from Massachusetts Avenue, directly south of the grounds ; after the passengers are discharged all car- riages will be parked under the direction of the officers of the District Police, at least two hundred feet north of St. Alban's Church. No carriages will be allowed under any circumstances to remain south of the Church at any time during the exercises. All persons are requested to remain at the platform until after the Recessional. About fifty members of the Brotherhood of St. Andrew have courteously agreed to act as ushers ; they will be distinguished by badges of red. SIXTH. Routes to the Cathedral Grounds : First Route — Via Capital Traction cars to 32A Street, Georgetown, con- necting with the cars of the Georgetown and Tennallytown Road, passing the gate of the Cathedral Grounds. Two fares required. Second Route — Via Washington Railway and Electric Company's cars (Metropolitan line) to 32d Street, Georgetown, connecting with the George- town and Tennallytown cars. One fare required. Transfers will be given at or near i unction of 32d and P Streets by the conductor. Third Route — ^Via Chevy Chase cars to Cathedral Avenue, connecting with herdics. A small charge will be asked by the herdic company for delivery at the grounds from this junction. It is about fifteen minutes walk to the Cathedral Grounds. Fourth Route — Via Herdics up Massachusetts Avenue from Dupont Circle in connection with the F Street cars. For this there will be extra charge. SEVENTH. Carriages and motor vehicles will be parked separately, in distinct sec- tions, under the immediate supervision of the police. The parking section will be lettered, and checks bearing the section designation and number of carriage, in duplicate, will be handed to the drivers 01 carriaares and conductors of motor vehicles upon arrival on the grounds, at the time occupants leave the same. Drivers shall ask for check and assignment from the police officers detailed to this work. At the conclusion of the exercises, attendants, with megaphones will call carriages and motor drivers at distinct points in proximity to the place of parking. ALFRED HARDING, RICHARD SYLVESTER, Master of Ceremonies. Grand Marshal. A description of the foundation stone is given at the end of the office for the laying of the stone. There is no cavity in the stone, and no deposit of memorials and other data, because the Bishop holds that they indicate a lack of faith in the per- manency of the building. As long as Mount Saint Alban stands, Washington Cathedral is expected to stand, and when building once begins, the stone will never again be dislodged or exposed to view. On the granite block the inscription is : THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL FEAST OF ST. MICHAEL AND ALL ANGELS A. D. 1907 On the Bethlehem Stone, embedded in the granite block, its surface appearing just below the above inscription, is engraved these words from St. John 1.14: ^be '(llllor& was made flesb, anO dwelt among us. THE LITTLE SANCTUAK. ; INTERIOR ^VJS^CSJ^ I